The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-08-31
From The Boston Journal.
he South DocIalne OF HeIaIinli an.

/ y
| ported to the North, and allowing bounty upon
| that shipped to foreign countries. Also of taxing
| The articles OF northern manufacture used in the
southern States-as measure OF retaliation upon
the free States for their resistance TO the extension
| of slavery
| We have shown that this project is demonstrations
al, and we now propose 10 examine the effect of its
adoption, in case OF reputation of that instru-
| ment and Of a Acknowledgement Of the Union. In
| the event of the establishment of a Southern con
ederacy, this project might be carried into pract-
cal operation provided the South has resources and
sufficient fortitude TO endure her share of the suf
| iering which it would The plan proposed
| by the Southern ultraiss may be likened TO two
| edged sword, welded in crowd, and cutting
| equally in both directions.
The main feature in this plan of retaliation is, to
| break down the manufactures OF the North--par
| ucularly that of cotton. We not disposed to
deny that great injury may for time be inflicted
| by the policy proposed But we contend that this
policy will work serious detriment TO the planting
| interest, and in the end, will injurc the southern
| cotton planter more than the northern manufac
turer. The cotton factories OF The northern States
consume not far from 800 GOO bales per annum, de-
| rived exclusively from the southern States. If
duty ID imposed by the cotton growing States, upon
| the raw material exported to the North, ii will,
while it stops the factories of the North, diminish
| the consumption of the cotton Of the South. Every
planter knows that surplus OF one or two hundred
thousand bales causes material reduction OF prices
A difference OF one or two cents per pound touches
| the pocket of the planter to extent which few
will be willing to bear for the mere sake Of retalia
| ton.
For instance, in 1874, excess in the crop of
200 900 bales caused difference of $4,000 900 in
the value OF the cotton exported. In 1916, deficit
of 4o2, 900 bales enhanced prices Id. pound lin
| the Liverpool market
But it may be argued that the bounty upon the
cotton exported the old world will increase tho
| consumption suihclent to compensate the planter
| for the loss OF the northern market This reason
ing is fallacious. The largest consumer Of cotton
is Great Britain, and the manufacturers OF that ma
| ton compose the class who will be benefited if
any benefit is to result from the southern policy.
But appears from official returns, that by far the
! largest proportion OF the cotton goods exported
| from England Is shipped to the United States. or
this amount, the northern and western States take
probably one half. 1t will be the first duty of the
nor thern States, in case the southern policy goes
| into operation, to protect her manufacturers;
and they will do il by securing for them the home
market. prohibitory duty laid upon manufac-
tured cottoLs would deprive the Ems lsh inanuiac-
turers OF valuable market for their goods and
thus materially diminish the consumption of cotton
III that country. In the mean time, there
other than the southern States from which the
northern manufacturers could draw their supplies.
| Brazil produces over 100 900 bales per um and
but for the competition OF the cotton growing section
Of the United States, would produce much more.
good supply might be drawn from that country,
and once let the northern manufacturers resort to
| other sources than the southern States for their
raw material, and the southern planters will ruo
| the day.
There is another consideration which our south
ern friends would do well TO reflect upon before de-
stroying the northern market for their cotton.
Great Britain contains many abolitionsts the
North and they are far more rabid. Let il be I'M
ders.ood that the slave States almost exclusive
ly dependent upon Great Britain for market, and
the planters would have real to
plain Of interference with their peculiar instiu-
| ton. There thousan DIS of individuals in Eng
land who would discard their neither garments en-
tirely, rather than suffer the stigma of being the
sole staff and stay OF southern slavery to rest upon
| their country. Let the southern States be COM
PEELED to rely upon Great Britain for a market and
they will place themselves in the situation of de-
pendent on an over bearing lord. They will be
forced to submit to 'nerierence' which will not
! be lima gnary. The "abolitonists'' of England
who were strong enough to bring ABOUT the abo
ton of slavery the British w estnda possessions,
and who sufficiently influential now, although
not as then organized, TO force the government to
maintain expensive squadron to suppress the
! African slave trade-will scarce allow the southern
States to enjoy their institution quietly. Theirs
will be no imaginary interference.
The English abohtonists now melting the
British government to encourage the cultivation OF
cotton by free labor in her own colonies The pro-
! duction of cotton in India is increasing. In 1888
only 100000 bales were derived from that quarter
Ten years later in 1913, the production had
than doubled. Railroads now building there at
great expense to facilitate the transportation of
cotton and with these additional facilities the pro-
duction must largely increase. But the efforts of
the British government to increase the culture or
cotton not confined exclusively to their East
India possessions. 1t has been found that cotton
be cultivated in their possessions in southern Africa
and also in the West Indies Its culture is in
y,
| British Parliament bias also within month, ap-
proprated 10000 for the purchase Of the Danish
| forts the coast of Africa And for WHAT The
swer is, TO procure from The neighboring country a
supply Of cotton. II stated high authority in
the Of the debate upon this measure that the
cultivation of cotton, article of barter might
be extensively carried on under becoming arrange
ments, and that the samples of cotton received from
Dahomey had been of the most encouraging kind.
This, be il remembered, is the home of the negro,
where labor Is much cheaper than in the Southern
! States. But this is not all. Mr. Golden stated in
the course of a recent debate in Parliament the
colonial policy Of Great Britain, that
| Gle had seen memorials from British Guiana,
stating that its soil and climate were the best
adapted in the world for growing cotton, and that
! but for obstacles caused by the colonial office,
cotton enough 10 'upply The ,corid codbe groom there.
II British Guiana was 30 suited for the growth of
cotton, and we had abundant territory there il
unnecessary that we should 60 and purchase terri
] tory elsewhere"
1he obstacles alluded to by Mr. Golden arise
from the policy which prevents the colonists from
supplying themselves with free labor to the extent
OF their requirements. This obstacle must uti-
matey be removed, or the colonial possessions of
Great Britain must be abandoned. All these facts
tend TO show that the slave States will, sooner or
later, be forced into ruinous competition with the
British colonies in the culture of cotton.
We ask southern friends to reflect upon
these facts. The political economist who can look
beneath the surface and trace effect from cause
who forcsec the results which will in the lapse
Of years, flow from the rapid annual increase of
the United States in population and wealth-can-
not but acknowledge that the home market must ulti
matoly, in the natural of events, be the
main reliance of the planting interest. The con
sumption of cotton in the United States has dou-
bed within the last ten ycars-the amount manu-
factured in 1889 having been only 81 ,9o5 bales
Let the southern ultaists pause, therefore, before
committing themselves irretrievably to blind and
mistaken policy, which will make the southern
States TIC humble dependencies of Great Britain
and destroy market which is already TO them of
indispensable importance.
Arrival OF the Great Western.
The royal mail steamer Great Western, II. j.
Wolfe, commander, arrived at Mobile Point yes
torday, at ~, m, within three and three quarter
days from Vera Cruz, and eight days from Tam
pico
She has on board $Si2, 900 specie 3 Ia 900 for