New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1850-07-04

null coitus multtudnis juris consensu ct utiltatn
New Mexico has domain, population, resources
and qualified dominion, arts, customs, laws anu
relieion She holds these Pnyslcl snl NJ 49,. ..o
rnents Of state subordinate 70 the United STATES
lint nevertheless distinctly and apart from all other
communities New.Mexico, moreover, has iound'
cd ber institutions on the principle OF the common
origin Of man and the common government OF
God and thus she possessesthe first last and chlei
element Of Democratic or Republican states
Impartial Civil Liberty, that element when iaVo.
the creation Of wealth without which a state mus,
be powerleas, the equalization Of property without
an approximation 10 which state 10 exposed -
oppression, the diffusion Of knowledge wi'oO1'
which Republican Ins titutions cannotb be preserves
and the development Of strength, courage an
terprse without which a state cannon nGu -.
NewMexico has adopted the system la :, -, :.
adapted TO maintain war, and the - s.e" No.
best adapted to secure peace Ne" 49,
therefore. might well have aspred, even -
MEXICAN swsy and much more may aspire u ~
the sostering care of the United STATES 20 49,
orestness AZ the Free States in this Vh,un ~,
attained such greatness as is attalnaOie y
" democratic states only; ..-oscbnnents of
Nsv.Mexioo. pressed by the encf s,a.a St"tes
TT. So hy he jealousy Of the slave os e5 81
;ioras from, us protection OF her Ierii1Oyi .o,,
- Con.,itntiou. This bill OF Con1prolH.So, iebt
rro,oise her claims by dividing ner
I'd IeN boldly assigning par 70 unatI Frsa.
slavery and the rest insldoosy " Fa~.,,,a-, 20
Sor, Sir IL concur in giving any ~
Nn,r Mey;co IL must be as good one as sue nsS
.,resdv' Although the Drama OF our conqesl ~, ia
Mexico falls into successive acts, conuucteu ~ uu
farent performers II 10, nevertnci0ss' O.o
tansacfion and if this blu shall pass thet S'ahs1c
ton az far as New Mexico is concerned will be the
CONQUEST of a Free Republic, and the conversion
of il In whole or ia part to Slave State.
What is New.Mexico, that she should be thus
wropged? An unofending rival prostrate at our
feet. pray you Senators, for the sake, II not OF
Justice at least Of magnanimlty to exercise your
power over her by sparing her, to punish her 1y
iorgving her the crime OF loving Liberty TOO wei.
Her ancient Charter contains the glowing WORDS
establisbed by the consent Of mankind, as tne
foundation of ell true government when JEFFERSON
made cur own: -, -, ,,..,, no n,,v
49, blv suiho,y moi derived from their own cJnss NJ
That Charter is in our hands. If We erase al
that ont and give the Charter back TO NeW-MeAi-
co a mutilated and hfeless thing, we shah nave re-
peated the crime Of the partition OF Poland. tne
crime of the subversion Of the recent brief out
brilliant Republic Of Italy; we shall have emu
lated the Stuart who seized the Charters OF the
free CORPORATIONS of England, and thereby lost
THRONE and shall have surpassed the Goelph VINO
interpoated taxation, without representation, lnto
the Constitution of Britain, and thereby lost the
EmpNe WHICH we on ~ ~ 49,
so unjust and so tyrannica, that It would, upon the
principles of our separation from Great Britain,
work a forfeiture Of our title altogether. Hear
what the good Las Casas said 10 the Emperor
Charles V. concerning these very possessions;
Notwithstanding your grant OF al ihs county ION se
Pope and your lille by conquest you have vel no
HEM unless do IN the hIs place As the PrlnePSl emu
regard their good The reason 10 hsregsrd Is 70 Dc nsd 70
he principle and for which superior or an universal
Lord Ia set over hem which their good and pIoh ana
moi thai should turn their destruction and ruin Tor
that should doubt bui that rom heoceof"tfo
Thai DOW er would he tysnca and unjust az tending more
10 The ard benefit OF thai Lod hsn 70 me PuO
good and profit OF the slbjects when sceOLIng - n
resson and The law OF God and man IL sbhored ana DO
10 be abhorred" ~
Sir, beg those citizens Of the metropolis IN the
State from which | came who have requested me
TO vote for this bill to consleer 1t IN these aspects
and then to examine me, and say how look that
| should seem TO be lacking in justice and humani'
ty so much as this fact comes to-
But il is said that the ordinance OF 81 is unne'
cessary in New.Mexico, and therefore is an alb
siraction, and that il giveSOifence.
cannot yield implicit faith TO those who assure
me that the pecuharites Of soil aud climate in New
Mexico exclude Slavery. They are combined with
other Statesmen who deny that point, and TINS bli
comedies the point itself II expressly covenants
to admit New-Mexico as Slave state II she sna.
come In that character. cannot surrender jus
and benevolent purpose 10 arguments whlca kRi
contradictions as closely as words can lie %
eether i know that there are Slaves at thu
moment in Utah. and / know, moreover that thE
discovery Of few fakes Of gold, or OF few grains
Of silver, or even OF few c9mps oil Goa, IN t 20,
upexplored recesses OF New Mexico, would be fol
lowed by a new revelation of the will OF the Al
mighty in regard to it.
Sir, perhaps those who excuse this measure car
poiRt me to a tyrant who ever deprived ms sup
iects OF what he deemed necessary Tor tnen. Ner'
thought one neck would be more than enough 10
the Roman people when he wished that they has
bot one that be might destroy the body polite at {
blow. Perhaps they can Poins me to any acS con
ferripg or declaring Human rights, that was not a.
abstraction. II was observed by of the found
ers of the Commonwealth of England that the pro
mitigation Of those rights had always
! Been In terms not concrete, but abstract
! Our own experience is the same. There Is tn
Declaration of Independence, with its solemn reel
| tsl of the natural equality of men and OF the IN
ahenability Of their essential rights There Is IN.
| Constitution Of the United States, beginning VIII
a sublime summary of the objects and ending VIII
I its Jealous bill OF personal rlghts Whst "ef'
these but distractions
There is the same bill Of rights in every Constr
tuition and even the Constitutions OF many OF tn.
slave States hopefully assert distractions OF equal
ity which for " ant Of only complete development
OF political justice, are not yet reduced to the con
crete by established laws.
Perhaps, moreover the apologists can show n
some act declaratory OF Human Rights that d'
not give offence. The tyrant Of France took um
bragg at the noble motto which Algernon sIdne.
| inscribed In the album ofthe King Of Denmark
Manu-, haee iaiusiea tyrdnHts.
| "Euse petit piae1das sab Liberfale qaffen"
Nay; Agernon Sidney expiated with his III
the offence Of publishing, as mere distractions th'
fundamental principles Of our own Constitution
And among them was the Wilmot Provlso' tnui
expressed by that immortal patriot:
1.-The liberty Of one cannot be limited or diminished
by by any number Of meD and none can give AVA
the night Of another
Equal justice always excites fear and therefore
always gives offence otherwise its way would b
smooth and its sway universal. The abstraction
Of Human Rights are the only permanent founda
tons of society. Ii is by referring 70 them tha
men determine what is established because it il
RIeHT in order to uphold forerer, and what il
right only because it is established in order tina
they may lawfully change it in accordance viii
the increase OF knowledge and the progress 0
reason.
The abstraction now in question, is the right G
ali the members OF State 10 equal political free