The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-08-18

The difference in the social organzaton-the domestic
sirucureo the northern and southern States Is funds-
mental This difference being fundamental, enters
sary into the internal political structure Of these States.
and marks, between the sections, IN their relation TO
each other distinct line Of division in political interests.
ms difference in interest only consist with union
IN government TO the degree that all legislation which
can ailec preludcaly the interest that divides them is
orborne or that exists in the interest endangered
70 pfo'ec tseii within the government The constltu
non provides no direct by which either section may,
at ITS own will, and by independent power. check
aggression, ana defend itself from assault For
which shall hereafter show, the occasion for such
check not beng apparent when The union formed ii
was not provided Tor Upon the fo!hearance Of aniago
nstc interests il IS idle to rely. The omission in the
constitution only be supplied by policy in The row
ernmen which may preserve such balance the eative
power OF the two interests as will enable each to-
protect itself
To produce perfect check or counterpoise ssc-
tive balanceby means to which legislative policy Is
competent, each section should have control OF one Of
the legislative branches; and as the North is in admitted
asceniency in the popular branch the South should be
allowed prepondeance in this body This, if practical
ble would be OF the means by which il seems
he harmony and union OF the States might be assured
and made perpetual. The power in Congress to admit
new States at discretion makes practicable. Hitherto
however, sufficient balance, and the defensive power
resulting from it. has been found the fact which
satisfied these interests originally in forming their union
namely that the number of States represented in this
body equally divided, near could be- between
the two interests True that, from time to time. either
interest may have found itself in possession. for while.
OF superior number but this rendered mma.eral,
because whenever that was the case, was well UNDER
stood that balancing State in progress Of formation
10 restore the equality Whether in the progressive
ierceness which seems 10 mark the antagonism of
the sections anything that is competent to the egs-
lave power, short OF hesuender OF one branch to each
section, will give such assurance oil safety from assault
as wild preserve harmony and union between them, is
probematical But thus far equality Of representation
in this body has been deemed sufficient and has answered
to certain extent though not in perfect degree, the pur
pose OF practical check in the power OF the two
ons The admission Of California, in view of existing
facts connected with the political territorial history OF
hp N n m "a
jority N the Senate, without any probability that bal
ancing southern State be admitted. Can the
southern section OF States assent to this Ought heytO
assent Can they ought they to permit il Believing
thai people wisely permit their destines 10 pass
out OF their own independent CONTROL and that least Of
all the savehoding States allow their des,ines and
existence to pass under the control Of hostile interest
and antag onist power boldly and distinctly,
o the representatives Of the southern sec0n that
ought not and can'.ot. tosgags
While, the one hand, the increase OF power in the
Senate is necessary the North it is vital TO the
South In the first place. the North is in undsputed and
interchangeable possession of the House of
Her power OF defence is therefore perfect The South
has no such element OF power IN the government In
the place. the Slmh has interest much more
sive than any which distinguishes the northern section,
and a legislative upon which would be attended
with more fatal and wide spread caamlies than would
follow any assault to which the North is open.
defensive power therefore, IS more essential to us than
to them. Bat it may be said that because the political
balance the Senate lost all is not os-tha the
u,ive and judicial departments are competent. by thsA
OF the and the Judicial Intervention OF the other.
to prevent unconstitutional legislation to our prejudice.
reply 10 this that etectual security be found in
the executive Judicial departments after the iegs
ative department shall have passed into northern con-
troll To the same extent to which the North is in the
ascendant in the two branches of Congress will il be in
the nani in the electoral colleges. With the power
make President in defiance OF southern opposition
the North may eectualy redace to her control The
ecutive department With northern Executive nomi-
Judges and northern Senate to confirm, how long
would it be before the supreme bench might De hled
with Judges imbued with northern sentiments and bias
and instrumental to northern purposes OF aggression
That the executive and judicial departments may be sub
dued to the will of dominant section, and made to
minister lis purposes, does not involve imputaton
of corruption in those departments. Both departments
may all the while be filed BY OF very honest inten-
lions Bot do not all know that upon every possible
Of constitutional construction, there are didxsnt
opinions among the ablest and best OF either SC
tonl Have we not seen a Judge OF the Supreme Court
abandon proper judicial reserve, to convey TO the
northern public his opinion that the Wmot Provso
constitutional Is there not now Executive who
holds that opinion Are we sure that in the Executive
department. now there who believe that
Congress has power to prohibit the interstate slave
trade and to abolish the fort. and arssnas,
and in the District OF Columbiai Can il be doubted
that statesmen will be found m the executive char
and eminent justs TO occupy the judicial bench, who
will honestly concur in the same views OF the constu
ton which the North from time to time may hold. and
under sanction OF which they may seek to reach do
mes,ic organization with bosrile legislation There 10
shield them for our rights in the executive or judicial
departments when the full control OF the Legislative
department shall have settled down in the North When
that time comes the whole unchecked power Of the gov
will hold her existence at the mercy OF that dominant
power Nor rely upon sense OF justice to re-
strain northern aggression, far tke slaveholding in
is concerned There will be two OF the most
eriu motives OF human action mpeng them onward 70
assail us-ust OF power and fanahcism. IheAe two
influences combining the end, will drive the pop
ula mind OF the North. unestaned as IT will be by any
resisting force in the government to unity and determ
nation OF purpose which no public man will be able 10
stand up against What do we areadyl In the very
anticipation of power strongly does the current ct In
opposition The Just rights OF the southern States, that
upon every issue affecting the savehoding interest," the
northern representatives consolidated, without dis
tinc,ion Of party against IN their few noble
individual instances TO the contrary may and do exist
But while honor the few who stand out in bold re-
lief from this unhoy crusade, blind Ourselves 10
the fact that they acting in sacrifice OF themselves,
and that the next wave OF the popular mania will
sweep tbem from the council-hal which their presence
adorDss epsat, then, IN all frankDess, can we uust
rights upon a confidence in the justice OF the Norm
Can the North trust itself Ought we, when our very
existence is saked upon the issue to trust to power
which every of sectional and political advan.
stimulate to Legislative upon the largest properly m
terest OF the Souhl Ought they when they know the
Union must fall under the first act OF open assault, TO
desire TO be trusted with this power Does our expe-
renee ~ The influence which the ordinary human
i've and nassons exercise in the operations OF govern
ment manly sueh confidence Sir, while in respect to
this orc.tion we be delivered from evil the North
should as sedulousy desire to avoid being led into
temptation.
But does experience of the past Justify us in rely
ing upon a faith in the North The South has
made three leading compacts OF compromise with the
North in the OF the history of their Union Inc
Eraft IN aufta No hon forn