New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1850-12-03

| between the United States and Mexico, for the
purpose of obtaining full and correct information IN
regard to the Indian tribes who scattered along
our Southwestern frontier, and possible to estab
hsh friendly relations with them
1t is greatly to be regretted that no authority
was conferred by law for the appointment of resi-
dent agents in New. Mexico, where they are more
necessary than in any other part of the Territory
of the United States The Indians Of that coup-
try, comprising the Camanches, Nayaioes, u tabs,
Apaohes, and Ticcaras, arsthe most savage and
lawless within our boundaries For many years
they have been in the habit of making hostile in.
cursions into the neighboring Provinces Of Mexico
and Tavaging whole MISUNDERSTANDING
the men and carrying the women and children
into captivity. By our recent treaty with Next
co, the Government OF the United States has bound
Itself TO repress these OutrageS by Indians resi-
dent within our borders 1t is essential there
fore, FOR the fulhlment of our treaty stipulatons
with cur sister Republic, as well as for the pro-
lection OF our own citizens, that agents should be
sent among these tribes who can exercise re
stralnlng influence over them. The necessity for
this measure has been painfully illustrated by the
Outrages which have been committed upon our Cti-
zeus travelling to and from Santa Fee The attack
upon Mr. W hCe and his party within few days
Journey of that place has obtained melancholy
notoriety. He and his whole party were brutality
murdered, with the exception OF his estimable
wife and daughter under ten years OF age, who
were made captives. Subsequently,, being pressed
by body of men who were in pursuit of them.
tie Indians murdered Mrs. White, but still retain
the daughter in horrible captivity. At tue last
session Congress appropriated 81 1900, TO be used
in procuring her release This sum was promptly
placed at the disposal of Col. Calhoun, the nearest
resident agent, whose Judgment and knowledge
Of the Indian character tit HIM in q peculiar man.
ner TO discharge the Duty with full power to use
it in such manner as be might think best. He has
also been instructed to convey information to the
Indians that unless this child be delivered up they
will receive the chastsement by the military pow
err of the Government which their savage cruelty
so richly deserves
Hjghmayto the Pacific.
Considerations OF great national interest seem
to require that the means Of intercourse with our
possessions on the Pacific coast should be i'm
proved by the construction OF n great thorough.
fare, entirely within our own territory, from the
valley OF the Mississippi to the Pacific W neither
this can be best accomplished by railway, turn
pike. or plankroad, or by a combination OF the
different roads of improvement, can only be deter
mined after careful survey OF the country and its
resources shall have been made. Our only access
to them now is by toilsome journey OF months
duration through comparatively trackiess wastes,
or by cirCuOus voyage attended with many
priyations and dangers. a highway, commenc-
ing at some point in the valley OF the Mssls-
sippi and terminating on the coast OF the Pacific,
with lateral branches would not only furnish the
means of convenient INSTRUMENTATION, but
would lead to the establishment OF chain OF set
Elements along its line, which would link together
the widely separated portions of our country by
an inseparable bond OF union.
The gigantic character OF the work, however,
admoDishes us Of the necessity of adopting every
precaution in ascertaining the best means OF eff
fecting the object. With that view care should
be taken to obtain full and accurate information
as to the shortest and best route having due ret.
nOt ly tO dictonrp hptpyppu the tarmiD1
but also to the SOIL climate and adaptation to ag-
riCultural purposes of the intermediate country.
the report should be favorable, it would then be
for the wisdom Of Congress to determine how lar
the probable augmentation OF the value OF the
public land the increased facilities in the trans
portation of the mail, and the other advantages
already referred to- whichma PROFESSIONALLY antici-
pated from the completion OF the work, may JUST.
iv liberal contributions of land or money toward
its construction. | therefore beg leave most res
pectully to call your attention to the subject, and
to suggest the proprety OF authorizing an lmme'
diatc examination OF the country and SUCH surveys
as may be necessary to determine the practlca'
bility and probable cost OF the work.
Agricultural Burpau
In sOrVeying the various interests OF the coun'
try no one can fail to observe how little has been
done by Government to promote the cause OF aSrl-
culture 1t is true, the cultivator Of the so IN
common with all other classes OF society, enjoys
the protection of the laws and the blessings Incl
dent to good government. But something more
seems to be due to a branch OF industry which
employs more than half our population, and, to
a great extent, sustains the other.
The power of the General Government over
this subject is limited, but this furnishes no good
reason why it it should not be exercised so far as
it does legitimately extend
The ordinary means adopted to afford protec-
ton to the manufacturing and commercial inter
ests are comparatively imperative IN regard 10
the agricultural A tariff can do but little directly
TO benefit the farmer or the planter. The staple
productions of the South are peculiar to that
climate and therefore, are in no danger OF compe-
tition from abroad Those Of the North and w est
in consequence of the fertility of the soil and the
low prices at which land can be bought, are pro
duced at less cost there than in other countries,
and consequently, except under extraordinary
contingencies, need no protection by lmposts on
the breadstutfs of foreign nations.
But still much may be done by Government, at
a small cost, to promote the interests OF agrcui-
ture The science is yet in its infancy, and great
minds are now directed to the study and develop
ment OF its true principles. Experiments are III
progress to ascertain the qualities OF dlHefeat
soils the comparative nutrtiye properties OF dit'
ferent animal and vegetable productions and the
utility and efficiency of various manures In Ter
tizing and renoyating the exhausted lands oil the
old States
announcement may be afforded to enterprises
like these, and fachltles lufhisheu ioi tuo oo,,
lection of seeds, plants and vegetables from all
parts of the earth, and their distribution through
out the country
Premiums may be offered for the best practical
treatises on the different branches OF husbandry,
which can be published and sent abroad among
the people. BY means like these spirit philo
sophie inquiry may be stimulated, and great i'm
pulse given to the interests of agriculture. Much
has already been done in this respect through the
agency OF the Patent Office but the subject is
too important to be left in this dependant condi
ton The last annual report from the Depart
ment recommended the establishment Of an Agri.
cultural Bureau, to afford to this great branch of
American industry the encouragement which it
90 well deserves. This is no novel suggestion
1t had the sanction Of Washington, who, IN his
last annual message, referring to the proprety OF
,.,......,,..L I.....a gid @ II.is