The Daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1845-1850, 1850-01-10


of an institution which he has so largely contributed
to establish.
The application of science to agriculture Is attract
ing the attention of the public, and exciting the inter
est OF those who engaged in the cultivation of the
earth. better knowledge of the qualities of the
soil, and OF the nature and properties oftbe substances
necessary to enrich 1t, than has heretofore been non
orally possessed, would greatly increase its nrodu
tons This knowledge may be derived from science
chemistry holds this treasure in its hands Schools
ana lectures publications and practical experiments
are 'ne instruments through which it is to be attain
ed Whatever can be done to promote this dos;r
able object, by legislative aid is due to this most
Client and useful OF all human pursuits and that LARGO
ahdrespectable portion of the community who arc az,
gagged In It, Content with the bountes received fo,
the EARTH this class of our felow-citizens have b;tb
erto received but mconsiderable contributions from
the government cheerfuly commend the subject
to your favorable consideration and action.
The President of the United States in his rocon.
message to Congress, saws that che docs not dh.
the right or the duty ofCongress to encourage done
TIC industry, which is the great source of national m
wen as individual, wealth and prospective and that
ne looks 10 the wisdom and patriotism of Congress-
ior the adoption of system which NAV place homo
lapor at last on sure and permanent footing. and
by tne encouragement of manufactures, give a new
and Increased stimulus to agriculture. and nronoto
tension OF our commerce" He recommends such
appropriations for the Improvement of rivers and ba
DOTS as the wants OF the country and especially the
advance OF our population over new districts and tho
extension OF commerce, may render necessarily
hese are, and VIII always continue to be- great and
important national interests. His views unon Thorn
are IN accordance with the opinions of the people Of
TINS commonwealth, and with the official action If
Their Representatives in both houses of Congress- for
the last quarter of century
ne commentator of agriculture to the attention
Oh congress; The recommendation to fix the nostage
on all single letters five cents without regard 10
distance; the avowed policy of this Government to-
wards other nations; the explicit and manly tone of
'e whoie document; his exposition Of the veto pow
err the manner in which he speaks of the Union. as
the proudest monument to the memory of the ma
riots VINO framed 1t, and the object of affection and
aoihrauon with every one worthy to bear the Amer
lcah name, aud his determination sswhatever
uahgers many threaten 1t, to stand by it. and main
tam 1t IN Its integrity" will command the resnect
and appreciation of the citizens of this free repnblic
The question whether negro slavery shall. or shall
not be excluded from the territories of the ITn;on
winch are now free, is seriously agtating the public
mind. ~ P"''i0
The people of the savehoding States denv the
right OF the general government to keep slavery ont
OF It's territories In their popular meetings. Iegisa
i've nails, and by the mouths of their representatives
|
terms, that an act of Congress forbidding the In
PRODUCTION of slavery into the territories of tho Init
ed States will be followed by dissolution of the
Union. - '10
On the other hand, the people of the free States
In the same mode of manfesting public opinion.
have made known their intention of opposing. calm
ly deliberately, but firmly the farther extension of
slavery.
DO the friends Of restriction claim the exercise 81
any new or unusual power? Two years before the
adoption OF the Constitution, the Congress of the
Confederation, voting by States, passed the ordinance
OF 1857, by which slavery forever excluded from
all the territory then belonging to the United States.
northwest OF the Ohio river; out of which territory
by the terms of the ordinance, not less than three
nor more than five, new States were to be formed
n the passage OF that ordinance, eight States voted
I'VE OF them,-Deaware, Virginia, North Carolina.
South Carolina and Georgia were slave States
and the vote of those five States was unanimous in it's
favor.
May not that vote be regarded as a manifestation
OF what were then the views of the Representatives
OF those five States in regard to the future and arb
er extension of slavery? Let their conduct and views
be compared with the attitude and language of the
representatives and people of several of the san f.
States, now, when similar question is under dis
cusslon. The contrast is quite remarkable.
The ordinance of 81 was ratified by the adoption
of the Constitution of the United States, and aften
stitutlOn in various FORMS The actor the admission
of the State of Missouri into the Union. excluded
slavery from the remaining territories of the United
States, north of certain degree of latitude, and the
constitutional power of the was confirmed by the
declared opinion of every member of Mr.. Munroe's
cabinet.
The resolutions for the annexation of Texas. pas
sed by Southern votes, in express terms exclude
slavery from the territory be annexed north of the
degree OF latitude named, and from the States which
might be thereafter formed out of that territory,-
The law creating government for the territory Of
Oregon did the same thing
The ordinance Of 81 was originally reported by
Mr. Jefferson, and all the acts of the National Legis
ature reassertng its principles, to which have al
uded, were approved by Presidents from the South
ern section of the Union No constitutional scrupes
have embarrassed the minds or checked the action of
public men IN that part of the country when, by ne
goiaon, Legislation. conquest foreign territory was
to be acquired, to be made into slave States.
On one side of this question is the clear and une-
quivoca language of the Constitution giving TO Con
gress the power to ''make all needful rules and REG
uations respecting the territory or other property be-
longing to the United States" the great prn,cipls
of the ordinance of 1884, reasserted and adopted by
many acts of Congress under the Constitution. ar