The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-07-02
THE UNION.

but only does 30 when, in time Of freshet the fats it,
north, extending TO the San Joachim, are overlooked
Shut Out from the breeze this plain represented
having almost tropical heat and being fully occupied
by quiet harmless OF fishing Indians, whom the
country particularly adapted Rut il passes into
the hands OF those who require commercial ports they
route leave doubt that San Pedro and San Diego,
San Francisco, must be the ports OF this section.
Then. am not sustained when say tina, the hand OF
Nature has written this line upon the country In charac-
ters which might have been read before II pos sessed
by man But, again. the line OF 80 deg 80 min divides
the pastoral and agricultural the seml-lropcal county,
from the mining and The grain-growing regions OF tue
north South OF this line no NINE has proved productive
North OF ARE the pacers, which have asby magic drawn
The men whoseek toconsitule this State Leaving
Monterey which is about six miles north OF this parallel OF
SO deg 80 mn and following the valley OF the Monterey
river, we pass through country only saved IRON the
q desert s by ss adaedN winch hsv were s
country was under the viceroyaty. For one hundred
miles continue high arid plains unsuited Tor cultivation
herds Passing into the basin Of Lake Tulsres there
plain which is watered by small streams from the noun
ains, and which supports considerable population
Of peaceful Indians, who have high claim to the pro-
eciiye hand OF Congress, which it requires Argument
to show may be most effectively extended under terri
orial government
white work in the This country now, in
habled by offensive extent agricultural peo
pe is unsuted to the white unless possess servie
labor. But II we confne our attention 10 the coast
where the refreshing breeze mitgates the climate
then throughout this same extent you fnd down San
Louis Obspo, the mountains running close upon the sea
its streams short and the valleys narrow Here, then are
scattered some Is or 90 miles apart few pastoral ran
chos, with the agriculture necessary to supply the In
habants with Indian and beans, which seem to be
all that the country produces
To the south, the coast-pain widens, the mountains
depressed gaps are ound connecting the plains above
wn hoa wah oPs e ne ssa un e ~ e
view. Here, where the keen blasts OF the North are
checked by sheltering mounla and the sopng plains
face the sun, pass at once into tropical climate This
s he land OF the grape Of cotton Of maize, Of the olive
and the sugarcane Here 50 lar as cultivation exists that
cultivation depends upon irrigation and upon serve labor
It is curious fact that find here Of Indians
who pass once into servility; who, from their
plexons and characteristics rather OF Asatc origin
than be descended from the parent stock the
wild and free tribes who ound IN the country OF the
United States rhe country to the southeast Of these
mountains has been but little explored il is in the pos
session OF more settled and warike tribe Of men; and
II is because they have been warlike and populous
that little has been heretofore known OF the country
Shall we. them abandon these men, peaceful and prone
to serviy, warlike and with fixed habations to the
laws Of California and the aggressons OF reckless men
Or shall extend that protection OF the federal govern
ment over them which territorial government will best
enable to give In times past the United States have
suffered hitter reproaches from their policy towards the
natives they found this not al
ways just, indeed quite undeserved, was beautifully
demonstrated by the senator from Michigan MF. CAssl
many years ago. ii we compare conduct with that OF
other nations who have exercised control over the aoo
rigina tribes OF this continent
of the general government undsiurbed by questions OF
State sovereignty may govern TO protect these tribes In
the and unsettled condition OF California, is
to be feared the would be the ii the couay
were included In her limits that aggression would be
followed BY hostility, to end in their destruction But,
. another with ys' shs sa
on who were by the treaty to have their rights OF our
protection secured TO them had the pastoral race OF
Mexlcans which inhabited the country when acquired
il occupying extensive tracts OF land; and we have rea
to believe they about to be driven from their pos
sessions by the Legislation OF California II is not TO be
neglected forgotten that the present governor OF Cali
orna have learned through the press, announced
as has policy TAXATION OF the lands which would
compel these rancheros to sell their possessions.
tax such would not be felt in mining or even farm.
ing district. would be destructive 10 pastoral population
This is the natural iut Of legislation by those who have
an opposite interest and no sympathy with the others,
for whom they make laws Is this protection OF prop
eriy, which we guaranteed In the treaty oil Guadalupe
Hidago' Is this the Kindness which those people have
right 10 claim from the government OF the United
Staes Or not gross act OF injustice TO the people,
wbo ignorant OF our institutions have conhded IN our
guardian care, and whom il is our duty to protect!
Then, MIR. President, whether consider this ques-
ton in relation TO the soil and climate, or in relation to
the great characteristics oil the physical geography, d.
vision OF the country Is equally demanded Whether we
consider the question win reference to the present in
erests or The future interest and well beng OF those who
who hereafter 10 nhabt those countries, II Is
equally clear that South California should be organized
into distinct political community, under laws enacted
with reference TO the Mexicans who nhabit IT. and TO
whom owe protection, kind and special in proportion
To their helpesSness For this ought TO retain the
powers which territorial governmeat secures 10 us over
this country that may shield it from the inappfopri
hostile legislation of the OF northern Cali.
fornia
Mr. President, told that il Is the will OF the peo-
pie which should bow. Do the proceedings OF the
convention prove that know not that any one has
full and accurate Information in relation TO that subject
From such knowledge am able 10 CLEAN, believe that
the people oil South California reduced 10 the alter
naive OF sending delegates that convention 10 take part
IN It's proceedings, or seeing proceed TO establish
the fundamental law OF their country without their CO.
operation or advice
And sir there is another instructive statement in rea
ton TO this maiteihat these delegates, when they left
Their homes TO attend this convention uniformly contend
ed against State organization, and in favor OF territorial
government. We md them, alter another, yielding
to different vews-under what influences am unable 10
say butt Is TO be remarked that large proportion OF
tue members received advantages, or received offices
from the action oil the convention to which they
delegates
But again, Mr. President, decide how far this is the
will OF the people, IL is proper inquire what part OF the
population took part those elections. compare two
togns for the purpose OF illustrating that fact Los
Angeles, with population OF about i've thousand people.
gave about seventy five eighty while San Diego,
little village composed Of dozen adobe ports, gave
vote OF hundred and fifty upwards Then, sir, the
question arises, how did that bappen The answer is
two.iold: Los Angeles s OF the districts still in
they did not choose 10 become parties to this convention
and therefore II that tier vote small, al
though no expedient lei. untried, officer having
been special agent 10 induce them take part
in the proceeding. All done that could be done to
get them for delegates with only such
is shown by the election return. The explanation in
the other case 10 different body OF men for the sur