The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-05-15

15, 1850.
saon the Secretary Of the nisrio, shall allow For the
te .s,issic. sigh, csnss IN, sa.h 1 % anu Y
lcopy Of the schedule.
The committee recommended that the Senate disagree
% the latter amendment and the question having been
Mr.; UNDERWOOD said | am very anxious, Mr.
President 70 state some additional facts to the Senate
,ns subject o the marshall have
ter In an ineligible point OF vew and Ihope may be
able to succeed 10 doing this time for have to ac-
ng at least from what has appeared in the printed re-.
port OF my remarks recently made upon this subject when
was before the Senate. prior s going % the House
OF Representatives. was far misunderstood by the
reporters, that am obliged to confess that was greatly
ashamed OF my remarks when they appeared in print
But do not know that have any right TO the
reporters, when take into consideration the difficulty oi
reporting mere matters of figures for il they fail 70
cord single figure. they necessarily change the whole
tenor o. the statement and make il utterly false Il il
to statement made in hgues catch every figure and
report il with entire accuracy.
propose this occasion to call the attention Of the
Senate and the country 10 the mischief which desire
to remedy. know the difficulties in getting change OF
any long established practice effected have heard from
my boyhood the story OF the old Dutchman who in going
to Market could be induced to put his produce in pan
ners placed each side OF his animal but who per-
sisted in following the practice putting his produce
reason than that his fathers had done before him and
SO will probably be with regard the present statements
OF what has been done from the foundation Of The
ment in order to show the evils that have been existing
in the mode of taking the and to endeavor pre-
scribe remedy Now, sir the best way thatI can
ceve OF bringing the evil that wish remedy the at
tenton of the Senate il, invite them to consider what
was done when the OF 1910 taken have Ia
bic before me showing what paid in ls4o to the assist
ant marshals in each State in the Union and if you will
only take the paid to these different maIshas and
consider the amount OF square miles reported and the
amount OF population to the square mile, the result will
not fa to strike every gentlemen showing the most
enormous inequalities in the rate of compensation For
example in 1s4o in the State of South Carolina the
population was reported 594,3s9 Now, sir, owing 10
the TACT OF there being many slaves n South Carolina
as free PERSONS suppose that twelve a family would
be very liberal allowance; and according that rate
there would be 1888 families, occupying 5000 square
miles From this data results that il these families
distributed pretty regularly these square miles,
the censustaker would have to travel 37224 miles, in
for taking the census in South Carolina in 1910 was
$35732 81 II you will divide this by the amount Of
the popnaton, gives you six cents and fraction per
Now, take the State of Tennessee, and contrast it with
this statement OF South Carolina The population OF
Tennessee. in is!o. s2s2lo. That State had not
quite onefonh of her population slaves In consequence
OF the diminished slave population, eight persons per
family would be reasonable allowance. That would
give you ioa65l families to $4,000 square miles The
result OF this data is that the akers in order TO
visit each family had to travel ,523 miles It further
results from this data that the census OF 1910 cost in
Tennessee At cents per head You have nothing do to
obtain this result than TO divide the paid to
the in that State in ls40 by the amount of
the population, which gives you the result stated.
Taxing all these data you have the following result BY
way of contrast between these two States In South
Carolina cost cents head and in Tennessee Al cents
The miles necessary to travel in South Carolina were
224, and in Tennessee 67,523; and yet the former
Sate you paid S35,732 81, and in Tennessee S35 s3I
7s-makng difference OF sl99 IS. But the difference
"a the result tins In Tennessee we took an enumea
Of ranrp Than GoffbC Carntsna and
you had TO travel over 10 299 miles more and although
the marshas in Tennessee performed this excessive travel
South Carolina obtained 8 cents head. whereas the
marshals in Tennessee had only At cents head These
are the results OF your former system, and they newt
But have made other States basis Of presenting facts
TO the Senate Let us take the State OF Alabama This
State is reported having $1,000 square miles, and she
OF 599.756. The amount paid for taking the Of
this State was S19,532 so. In other words the marshas
received 81 cens per head, about half what the
shals OF South Carolina received, and cent per head
less than what paid TO the marshals OF Tennessee.
Look now to the neighbonng State OF Mississippi
Sne returned . ned as having 447 square miles Recollec.
State entire wilderness II was more in wilder
condition than Alabama consequently. her popula
ton was more concentrated and required lees travel 10 be
performed by the takers 10 reach them The re-
turns Of Mississippi show population OF 37565l, for the
enumeration OF which the marshas received S24923 o.
making the allowance per head and CLIO centsjust
double what was paid TO the marshals Of Alabama
Now, take the adjoining State OF Louisiana. The
number Of square miles in this State is set down at
46,43I In lS40 the population returns were 352,41
The information furnished by your Treasury Department
shows that you paid to the marshas OF Louisiana the
sum OF SI7.03l 80, which. divided by the population,
gives you a rate per head Of s.I0 cents per head
Thus you perceive that the adjoining States all pos
sessng about the same amount OF square miles, you
have these rates OF compensation actually pad, tested
BY the experience OF be past The marshal in Alabama
gets 81 cents per bead: the marshal In Mississippi gets
clio cents per head and in Louisiana he gets s-lo
cents per head Contrast that, with the States have
already gven-South Carolina, cents and fraction
Tennessee, At CENTS And to complete this list OF most
exrasagant discrepancies most outrageous injustice. let
me call your attention to the State of Massachusetts,
She had her taken in 1870, having population OF
1882. Her censusiakers, according 10 rule per-
fectly mathematical which have heretofore explained
TO the Senate in taking that census, had 10 ride about
30 $50 miles The Of all is that you get your cen
taken in Massachusetts "a cents per head There
Is your past experience.
have carried on this contrast through all the States
but without going mnutely into figures in regard to
them. have looked at them, and seen their enormous
inequality everywhere. have taken these States 10
show that IN portion OF the country you pay at the
ale OF "a cents per head, and in another portion OF the
country you pay at the rate OF $40 cents about
three times as much IN the case as in the other
Now, the question is whether these inequalities
susceptible OF any remedies whether must 90 on
to the end OF me and in every years present results
Of thus SORT II s just as plain anything be made
oy ngares, that there Is practical remedy for H. You
can ascerained, as have before expainedf the popu-
uy-you can ascertain mahematcaly. how many miles
IN TN Uef In ar