Daily Richmond times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1849-1850, 1850-12-03

cents CPS, 073 1856 59) must be provided for within the
next two fiscal years. 1t most desirable that these
accrung demands should be met without resorling
new means
All experience has demonstrated the wisdom and pol
icy OF raising large portion OF revenue, for the sup
port OF Government from tulies goods imported
me power to lay these duties Is unquestionabe, and
us chlei OBJECT OF course, is to repenish the treasury
But ~ IN doing this, incidental advantage may be
gained by encouraging the industry of our zens
1t IS our duty to avail ourselves that advantage.
duty LAID upon an article which cannot be produced
IN this country-such cofee-adds to the cos
: OF the article, and is chiefly wholly paid by the con-
y sunier But duty lsi upon an article which may be
produced here stimulates the skill and industry of onl
& own country to produce the article, which is
brought into the market in competition with the foreign
ar ice, and the importer is thus compelled to reduce
j. his pce to that, at which the domestic article be
Queer OF the foreign article. The continuance of this
process creates the SKILL and invites the capital which
Il finally enable to produce the article much cheaper
imam could have been procured from abroad thereby
6enettlng both the producer and the at home
The consequence of this 49, that the artisan and the
agricnturalst, brought together, each affords
dy market for the produce of the other the whole
try becomes prosperous and the ability to produce ey-
cry necessary of life renders us independent as
= well as in peace.
A high tariff be permanent 1t will cause
dissatisfaction and will be changed 1t excludes
petition and thereby invites the investment of capital
IN manufactures such cess that when changed it
brings distress, bankruptcy, and ruin, upon all who
have been mised by its faiihess protection What the
manufacturer wants, IS uniformity and permanently,
that he may feel confidence tn athe is not to be ruined
by sudden changes But make tariff uniform and
permanent is not only necessary that the law should
not be altered but that the duty should not fuctuae
To effect this all duties should be specific wherever
the nature of The article is such TO admit of it. Ad
uctuate with the price, and offer strong
temptations to fraud and perjury Specific duties,
the contrary are equal and uniform all ports and at
all times, and offer strong inducement to the import
er to bring the best article, as he pays more duty
upon that, than upon of inferior quality therefore
: strongly recommend modification of the present a-
riff, which has Frustrated OF most important
ana necessary manufactures, and that specific duties be
Imposed sufficient to raise the requisite revenue, max
Ing such discrimination in favor OF the industrial pur
suits OF our country as to encourage home production
e without excluding foreign competition 1t is also i'm
potant that an unfortunate the ta
IS lt which imposes much higher duty upon the raw
material that enters lno our manufactures than upon
n the manufactured article should be remedlcd
The papers accompanying the report of the Secre
II tary OF the Treasury will disclose frauds attempted upon
n the revenue in variety and amount great to ius
~ the conclusion that it is impossible under any system
OF al vaorem duties levied upon the foreign cost or
q value OF the article, to honest observance
Id and an eflectual administration of the laws The
to fraudulent devices to evade the law which have been
v detected by the vigilance Of the appraisers leave
TO room to doubt that similar imposons not discovered,
e TO large amount have been successfully practised
since the enactment OF the law now in force This
State OF things has already had preudcia influence
u, hpon those engaged In foreign commerce 1t has a
tendency to drive the honest trader from the business of
y importing and to throw that important branch OF
poyment into the hands Of INSCRIPTIONS and dishonest
men, who alike regardless of law and the oblga-
tons of an OATH By these means the plain intentions
otCongress, as expressed in the law daily defeat
- ed Every motive ofpolicy and duty. therefore, i'm
- pei me to ask the earnest attention OF Congress to this
~ subject IL Congress should deem it unwise to at
tempt any important changes in the system of levyng
duties at this session. it will become indispensable to
the protection OF the that such remedies in
the Judgment OF Congress may mitigate the evils
n planned OF, should be at applied.
>, AS before stated, specific duties would in my opn-
ion, afford the perfect remedy for this ev but if
i you should not concur in this view, them partial
e remedy beg leave respectfully to recommend that in
load of oh inn thu tha tiala
whe q 81 WIS Cases esr mposbe to- rsr1
y the law be changed to require home valuation
"A apprasa l. 10 be regulated in such manner as to
20 give, far practicable, uniformity the several
rs ports.
40 There being no mint in California am formed that
the laborers in the mines compelled dispose oil
c. their gold dust at large discount This appears to
n to be heavy and unjust upon the labor of those
employed in extracting this precious metal and doubt
not you will be disposed, at the earliest period posi-
ble to relieve them from by The establishment of
le mint In the mean time, assayers office
tablshed there, would respectfully submit for your
consideration the proprety OF authorizing gold bullion
which has been assayed and stamped to be received in
payment OF Government dues. l cannot conceive
that the treasury would suffer any loss by such provi-
sion which will at once raise bullion to its par value
al and thereby (f rightly intomed) many mil
of lions Of dollars to the laborers which are now paid in
brokerage to convert this precious metal INTO available
lie iundst This discount upon their hard earnings is
heavy tax and every effort should be made by the Co
ID vernment to relieve them from great burden.
is More than threefourhs OF our population engage
Inc CULTIVATION OF the SOIL Inc commercial,
nuacuring and navigating interests all, to a great
3 extent dependant on the agricultural 1t is, there
fore the most important interest OF the nation, and has
Just claim to the fostering and protection of the
Government far they be extended consistently
with the provisions of the Constitution. As this cam
not be done by the ordinary modes Of legislation, res
II pecttully recommend the establishment of Ag-
q ricultural Bureau, to be charged with the duty OF
;, giving 10 this leading branch Of American industry the
q encouragement which it well deserves. In view OF
e the immense mineral Of country provi-
sion should also be made orthe employment of COM
peten mneraogs and chemist, who should be requir-
ed under the direction OF the head OF the bureau to col
u lect specimens OF the various minerals of country
and to ascertain by careful analysis therrespecve ee-
ments and properties and their adaptation to useful pur
f| poses lie should also be required to examine and
= port upon the qualities OF different Soils and the ma
- nures best calculated to improve their productiveness
BY publishing the results otsuch experiments with sua-
bic explanations and by the collection and distribution
OF rare seeds and plants with instructions to the best
system OF cultivation, much may be done to promote this
great national interest
In compliance with the act OF Congress- passed on
the 23d OF May, 1850, providing, among other things
for taking the seventh census, superintendent
10 appointed and all other adopted which were
deemed necessary to ensure the prompt and faithful
lie performance of that duty The appropriation already
>, made will it believed be sufficient to detray the whole
IN expense of the work; but further legislation may be
necessary regard to the compensation of some OF the
lie mashals OF the Territories 1t will also be proper
make provision by law at early day. for the pubca-
ton OF such abstracts OF the returns the public ine-
s. rests may require
The unprecedented growth of our Territories on the
Pacific in wealth and population, and the consequent
s. increase of their social and commercial relations with
the Atlantic States seem TO render ii the duty OF the
Government TO use all its constitutional power to i'm
l. prove the of intercourse with them. The inn
J. porance OF opening "a line of communication, the
e country will admit" between the Valley of the Mis-
sisspp and the Pacific brought your notice by
my predecessor in his annual MESSAGE and the rea-
which he presented in favour OF the measure still
exist in full force, beg leave to call your attention
l. them, and to repeat the recommendations then made
i by him.
The uncertainty which exists in regard to the validity
OF land titles in California is subject which demands
your early consideration Large bodies OF land in that
State claimed under grants said have been made
by authority OF the Spanish and Mexican Governments
: Many of these have not been perfected others have
been revoked and some believed to be fraudulent.
But until they shall have been udcaly investigated
T. they will continue to retard the settlement and i'm
of the thereinra reSnecttnllx