Lewistown gazette. [volume] (Lewistown, Pa.) 1843-1944, 1850-03-09

pause for moment over this hunlllatlns con-
fession. In plain English. what does II mean
That Virginia is new only iii To be the breeder,
not the employer, Of slaves. That she IS re-
duced to the condition that her proud chivalry
are compelled to turn slave-traders for q lIveii-
hood! Instead OF attempting To 1enovste the
soil. and by their own honest labor compelling
the earth to Weld her abundance; instead OF
seeking for the best breed Of horses and cattle
10 feed on her hills and valleys, and tertilze
the land, The sons OF that great State must de-
vote their time TO selecting and grooming the
most hasty sires and the most fruitful "enches,
to support the slave hatracoons OF ine South
And the learned gentlemen pathetlcsliy !e-
ments that the profits Of this genteel traihc
will be greatly lessened by the circumscrIPtIon
of Slavery! This is his picture, not NINE.
The same gentleman says IN the same speech:
"If we intend TO submit TO the pollcy OF
"confning the slaves within their present Inn
"its, we should commence forthwith the work
'.ot gradual emancipation; 1t 10 an easier
" work for usl han our children"
The eloquent gentleman from Alabama Mr..
HilIiard0 is Of the same opinion lie said,
" We must make up oar minds either TO resist
the einterdicfion o) the progress OF staserp, or
10 submit to GnOrgaHac change an our tHs'i-
tuti0nS" Yes, SIT, this admitted result Is to
my mind. one Of the most agreeable cOnse-
quences Of the legitimate restriction Of slavery.
Conine this malsdy within its present linlts.
Surrouud it by a Gordon OF freemen that It
cannot spread, and IN less than twenty-five
years every slavehodIfg State IN this Union
will have on lis statute books Jaw for the
gradual and final extinction of slavery. Then
VIII have been cousutunated the fondCst wish
es Of every patriots heart. Then will our
fair country be glorious indeed and be to pos
terity a bright example of the true principles
of governlDent-of universal freedom.
| am opposed to the extension Of slavery into
the territories new Free for still graver reasons
because ! am opposed TO despotIsm through
out the world. admit that this Government
cannot preach crusade ci liberty into other
States and nations, much as she abhors tyrants
and tyranny. There she can ONLY mourn over
It's existence. But when the question of GOV
ernment is within her own CONTROL and che
permits despeilsm to exit, and aids its dIifu.
zion, she is responsible for II III the face of the
civilized world, and before the God OF liberty.
In my judgement, not only the slave States
but the General Government, recognising and
aldIng il does slavery Is despotlsm. do
not use the word IN a Geclamatory, but strictly
legal signfcation That government is de-
potic where the rulers govern subjects by their
own mere wiil-by DEGREES and laws enanat-
ing from their uncontrolled will, in the enact
ment and extension Of which the ruled have
no voice, and under which they have no rights,
except at the will of the rulers. Despotlsm
does not depend upon the number OF the rulers,
or Inc number OF the subjects 1t may have
Cne ruler or many. Rome was a despotism
under Nero; was she under the triumvl-
rate. Athens was despotlsm under her thir-
49, e.. n
under her three thousand lyrants. Il has been
generally observed that despotisrn increases in
severity with the number of despots the re-
sponsibility is more divided, and the claims
more numerous The triumvlrs each demand
ed his victims. The smaller the number of
subjects In proportion to the tyrants the more
cruel the oppression, because the less danger
from rebellion. IN this Government the free
white citizens are the rulers-the soVereIgns
as we delight 10 he called. All others are
subjects. There are, perhaps, some sixteen
or seventeen millions of soVereIgns, and some
tour millions Of subjects.
The rulers and the ruled are of all cOlors,
from the clear white Of the Caucasian tribes 10
the swartny Ethiopian. The former, by cour-
,esy, are all called white. The latter black.
In thls Government the subject has no rights,
social, political and personal tie has no voice
in the laws which govern him. He can hold
no property. His very wife and children are
not his, Ills labor is anothers He, and all
that appeTtains to HIM, are the absolute pro-
perty Of his rulers. He is governed, bought,
soid, punished, executed, by laws to which he
never gave hs assent, and by rulers whom he
never chose. He is not a seri. merely with
half the rights Of men like the st beet of de-
spotic Russia but naked slave, stripped Of
f,rbt ,,.hinl, It.,l
and which the high spirit OF our revolution
declared nallenabie-which he himself could
not surrender, and which man could not take
from him. Is he not then the subject Of de-
spotlc sway
The slaves Of Athens and Rome were free
in comparison. They had some rights-could
acquire some property; could choose their own
masters, and purchase their own freedom; and
when free, could rise in social and political life.
The slaves OF America then lie under the most
absolute end grinding despotism that the world
ever saw. But, who are the despotsi The
rulers OF the cOuntry-the sovereign people! !!
Not merely the STAKEHOLDER who cracks the lash
lie Is but the instrument of Despo,lsm. That
despotlsm is the government of the slave States,
and the United States, consisting Of all its ru-
/ lers-al the free citizens. Do not look upon
this as a paradox, because you and and the
4 sixteen millions OF rulers are free The rulers
of every despotlsm are free Nicholas of Rus
sia, is free. The Grand Sultan of Turkey is
/ free, The Butcher of Austria is free Au-
gustus, Antony, and Lepidus were free while
/ they drenched Rome in blood. The Thirty
/ Tyrants; the -Four Hundred; the Three Thou
sand, were free while they bound their coun-
! trymen in CHAINS. You. and |, and the sixteen
/ millions, are free. while we fasten iron chains,
/ and rvet manacles on four millions of our fel-
/ low men tear their wives and children from
/ them; separate them; sell them aud doom
/ them To perpetual, eternal bondage Are we
not then despots-despots such as history viii
/ brand and God abhor
/ But we are told that this is none of our bust
( ness. That southern slavery is matter be-
; IL