Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1850-12-12


States AGAINST that Government, have not yet re-
suited in formal treaty, yet proposition made
bv the Government of Portugal for the llnal
adjustment and payment of those claims, mas
RECENTLY been accepted ell the part OF the
United States. It gives me pleasure to say
that Mr. Clay, to whom the negotiation on the
nart of the United States had been entrusted, dls-
CHARGED the duties Of his appointment with a.
bity and discretion, acting always within the
Instructions of his Government.
1t is expected that regular convention will
be Immediately negotiated, for carrying the a.
greement between the two Governments INTO CT
feet.
The commissioner appointed under the act Of
Congress for carrying into effect the convention
with Brazil, of the 9th of January, 1919, has
entered upon the performance of the duties i'm
posed upon him by that act, 1t is hoped that
those duties may be completed within the time
which it prescrlbes. The documents however,
which the Imperial Government, by the third az
tlCle of the convention, supulates to furnish TO
the Government of the United States, have not
vet been received As it is presumed that those
documents will be essential for the correct dlspo-
ston of the claims, it may become necessary for
Congress to extend the period limited Tor the du-
ration of the commission he sum stipulated
DV the Itl drLClt OF llle CuNtHIlOI W W pun W
this Government has been received
The collection in the ports of the United
States of discriminating duties upon the vessels
of Chill and their cargoes has been suspended
pursuant to the provisions Of the act Of on
gress of the 25th of May, Io2s. 1t Is TO be no
ned that this measure will impart a fresh impulse
to the commerce between the two countries,
which, of late and especially since our acqulsl-
Io1 bnS to bn
of the parties, been much augmented.
Peruvian guano has become SO desirable an
article to the agricultural interest of the United
States, that it IS the duty of the Government to
employ ali the means properly in its power for
the purpose of causing that article to be import
ed into the country at reasonable price. Moth
Ing will be omitted on my part towards accom-
plisbng this desirable end. ] am persuaded that
in removing any restraints on this traffic, the Pc
ruvian government will promote its own best in.
terests, while it will afford proof of Il friendly
disposition towards this country, which will be
duly appreciated.
The treaty between the United States and His
Majesty the King of the Hawaiian Islands,
which has recently been made public, will, it is
believed have u beneficial effect upon the rela-
tons between the two countries
The relations between those parts of the Isl
aud of st. Domingo. which were formerly colo
mes Of spain and France, respectively, are still
in an unsettled condition. The proximity of
that island to the United states, and the delicate
questions involved in the existing controversy
there render it desirable that it should be per-
manently and speedily adjusted. The Interests
of humanity and of general commerce also de-
mand this; and, as ntlmaons ofthe same senti.
nent have been received from other Govern
ments, it IS hoped that some plan may be devised
TO effect the object In "A manner likely to give
general satisfaction The Government of the
United States will not fail, by the exercise of al
proper friendly offices to do all in It's power to pu
an end to the destructive war which has ragged
between the different parts Of the island, and t(
secure to them both the benefits Of peace ant
commerce.
refer you to the report of the Secretary o
the Treasury for a detailed statement of the fl.
nances,
The total receipts into the Treasury, for the
year enilng Both of Iune last, were iorty-seveu
million four hundred and twenty-one thousand
seven hundred and forty-egh' dollars and ninety
cents, (S47, 42I,74o 90
The total expenditures during the same period
were forty-three million two thousand one hun
dred and sixty-eight dollars and ninety cents
(S43,O02, l68 9O,)
The public debt has been reduced since the
last annual report from the Treasury Department
four hundred and ninety-iye thousand two hun
dred and seyenty-siX dollars and seventy-nine
cents, S495,276 ~
By the 18th section of the act of 2sth Janua-
ry, lSl7 the proceeds of the sales of the public
lands were pledged for the interest and principal
of the public debt. The great amount OF those
lands subsequently granted by Congress f0rmiIi-
tary bountes, WILL 1t is believed very nearly sup
ply the public demand for several years to come
and but little reliance can, therefore, be placed
Oh that hitherto fruitful source Of revenue.
ASIDE from the permanent annual expenditures
which have necessarily largely increased, por-
ton Of the public debt, amounting to eight mil
lion seventy-iye thousand nine hundred and egh
ty-sx dollars and tifty-nne cents (SS,u75,96G 50
must be provided for within the next two iisca
years. 1t is most desirable that these accrume
demands should be met without resortlng to new
loans.
All experience has demonstrated the wisdom
and policy Of raising large portion OF revenue
for the support of Government, from duties OF
goods imported. The power to lay these dutie
is unquestionabe, and its chief object, Of course
is to repenlsh the treasusy. But if in doing this
all lnCluGHldl may DG HdlHtu ny ell
couragmg the industry of our own citizens, It i
our duty to avail ourselves of that advantage.
A duty laid upon an article which cannot b.
produced in this country such us tea or coffe
adds to the cost of the article and is chief
or wholly paid by the consumer. But dut,
laid upon an article which may be produced
here, stimulates the skill and industry Oh on
own country to produce the same article, whc
is brought into the market in competition witt
the foreign article, and the importer is thus com
PEELED to reduce his price to that at which tin
domestic article can be sold, thereby throwing
part of the duty upon the producer of the forcg
article The continuance Of this process create
the skill, and invites the capital, which tinall
enables us to produce the article much cheapc
than it could have been procured from abroad
thereby benefiting both the producer and tn
consumer at home The consequence OF this is
that the artisan and the agrculhrist are brougl
together, each affords ready market for the pro
duce of the other, the whole country become
prosperous, and the ability to produce ever
necessary of life renders us Independent in wa
as well as in peace.
A high tariff can never be permanent 1t vii
cause dissatisfaction and will be changed
exces competition, and thereby invites Tin
investment Of capital III manufactures to sue
excess, that when changed it brings distress
bankruptcy and ruin, upon all who have tee
msled by lis faithess protection. What tn
manufacturer wants is uniformly and perman
ency, that he may feel a confidence that he i
not 10 be ruined by sudden changes. But t
make tariff uniform and permanent it is no
only necessary that the law should not be alter
ed, bui that the duty should not huctuate y
effect this, all duties should b. specific. wher
ever the nature OF the article IN such as to &C
init of it Ad yqorem duties hucuate with til
price, and offer sIlung temptations o fraud an
perjury. Specific duties, On the contrary az
equal and uniform III all ports ana at all time
and offer a strong inducements to he importer
bring the best article, as he pays no more dut
upon NAT, than upon one Of lnienor quality.