Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1850-10-17

he has appointed Mons A. Vattenmare and G
r. HoughtOn agents; and that under the acto
lo4o, entitled an act mating an appropriation
for the ashington Monument. he constituted
Henry Stanley Of Poultney agent.
In our connection with other States under one
general government, we have variety Of inter
ests to be promuled, which, although they can
not be the subjeci Of immediate legislation by US,
may be affected in greater or less degree by
our action. Ouf agricultural and mapufactur-
ing interests shoJd be patronsed and protected.
The business of he latter is subject to more VIC
lssltndes than the former, and is the first to feel
the effects Of uncertain and iniudiclous legisla-
ton. AS capital, as well as labor, are required
tor the successful operation Of manufactures,
they should receive an adequate protection a.
galnst foreign capital and labor. 1t is to be hO-
ped that this election will be again Afforded
Although political necessity may have justified
the act OF congress of 1888, which apparently
recognized system of ad valorem duties, to be
thereafter adhered to. yet after the experience
we have had under the present tariff ofle49, the
necessity OF again Tesorting TO system of spe-
chic and protecting duties is apparent, which
both wisdom and experience demonstrate TO be
the only Safeguard against fraudulent importa-
tons The increas' of tn" agricultural interest
In wea h, and TIE Improvement in their farms q
focks, may be atributedlo the protection which
was heretofore afford them With rs, at least,
there should be no diversity of thought or action
on the subject ola protective tariff.
J he establishment OF an agricultural bureau,
to be conntc tcd with the Department of The In
terror, recommended by the General Assembly
at onr last session. as ell ms Il REVISION of the
existing tariff. so as to give due encouragement
to manufacturers and a new and increased stlln
illus 10 agriculture by system of specsfc duties.
was strongly urged upon the consideration Of
Cnngrpss. by The President of the Unit States.
IN his annual message IN December last. The
lucid Ieparis Of the Secretaries Of the Interior,
and the Treasury. accompanying the message
OF the President, pointed out more in detail the
measures to be adopted and the benffitto be de-
rived and placed beyond cavll or dispute, the
wisdom and propiety of the recommendation OF
the President. The just expectation Of the
Country, on this subject have not been realized.
Owing to want oil coincidence otsentimeDt be
tween the executive and Legislative branches Of
government, lin their views Of general policy, and
in the efforts of the latter to thwart and oppose
the policy OF the lormer, a long and prottless
sDssi0n of Congress has been spent III the at
tempt 10 compromise that which is not the sub
iect OF compromise, ard to conclliate where con-
citation WIS not due. The great and subsan
tal interests of agriculture, commerce, and
manufactures, have been neglected, and un,
provided tor, aud the recommendation of the
President receiAed but little, If any, attention
from Congress, or the committees to whom the
subject was referred. We connol but hope that
at another session of Congress, such tariff " i'll
be adopted as will answer the reasonable expeC-
tation of the manufactures and producer Those
who feel the necessity Of sucn protection, hav
ing seen no good effect from the compromise
heretofore made with those who threatened an
armed resistance, should hesitate, before they
gain yield to threats Of a similar character, as
they might thereby disaffecl those who feel a
deep interest with them, and can have but little
expectation Of gaining to their interest those who
have ever been hostile.
There is al err ect afftc n us sen>ib
in our connection with oth' States, in a great
degree influencing the action of The General
Government, which would gladly have omitted
at tins time, as believe u large proportion of nuI
fellow iiizens Coincide in opinion IN relation To
'hbO'HIlhiy rtltFWt' Dul VIC hlll'IihC uoSuiilCu
by some Of the States. and the conventions OF
the people nnde1AAeir authority, threatening a
dissolution OF the Union unless their views arc
accPd"d to by Congess; as the proceedings Of
tn State, have been treated with disresDect
aud eptoach IN places where respect 10 III pro
ce dlngs OF every sovereign STATE should be stu
dlous v observed and as lhelr has been sothe
dispositions to fluid al apology for their violent
proceedings, in consequence Of The actlnn, which
ihnse who are opposed t. involuntary serlitude.
hive thought it their dnty to take, it becomes us
To review the ground we have passed, abandon
them il we aru wrong, but if we are right deci.
dedly and res0Intely naIuan that grnunl. an
careful review Of the proceedings Of HE legis,
lature heretofore. can no principle advanced
which ought to be abandoned or yielded either
to menac" or desire Tor conclIatlOn. The lie
gaIltv ot the exlsance OF sllvery, and The duty
of eb"IIshng It, is MT new question IN pnIul
cal history. Neither IN Great 1Iltldn or France
has any difficulty been found n aboIishng 1t, o
in the consequences enanllng iron such an ACT
The oon'ts ot law IN Great Bfntan, long sine,
held that II could have no legitimate eXlstance
that country. In Parllan ut, every argument ot
exPedlency, the claims Of vested rights, of The
rights to property and even The Authority OF the
fi"y Scriptures, were urged by the Wes' Indl,
planters and the mercantile interest Connected
with them, in favor If lis cunhnuance IN thei,
colonies, and were urged 10 vain. Their argu
meptS were eftectCaly slIencrd by the most EN-.
lnent statesmen aud by the preates Of then
church, and IN language, too, which in this c0ut
~ IS treated as ultra aud ianatcal. The angu.
age OF our Declaration of Independence, whel
incorporated into declaration Ut rights in The
constitution "i a nrighborlng state. was held by
the leaned judicial tribunals of that state, 1t
not commended BY any one, that law enacted
by the legislature Of any stale on this subject,
can have any operations beyond its teri. torial
limits. The extent OF the powers OF the Gen.
eral Government may admit of more toubt. |
am not disposed to discuss this question, or at
this time to attempt to define The limits of their
constitutional powers, within which they are
restrained and will only observe, that more
limited construction of the powers oil Congress,
than was exercised by them in the incorpora
ton OF Texas with the United States. or IN pass
ing the late net, IN relation TO persons held to
service IN ont state and escaping into another,
would give 10 the General Government all the
authority on this subject, which the most ardent
friend of freedom could desire.
have 10 means ot'knowing how far the late
action Of Congress npon these several matters
connected with slavery. Is satisf ,ctory to ma
jority of the people Of this State all of those
measures did not receive the sanction of the vote
Of representatives.. If lead to more thorough
investigation of the powers ofthe General Gov.
eminent, and to an inquiry, what gifts are secnr-
ed, and what duties enjolned, it may be produc
tive OF useful result. At any rate 1t will tend
to determination to exercise whatever author
ny mov yet be left, to pIotect liberty and free
dom. The people ofVermont will, as they al
ways have done, yield due Submission to what
ever majority within their appropriate limits
may enact and will reso to no threats of hos
tile oppositioo ; but when the time aud oPpor-
tunlty shall arrive, that they can, in unison with