The Charlotte journal. [volume] (Charlotte, N.C.) 1835-1851, 1850-08-21

- '"""' "u'H"'Hy, hnu hTe 10 oe ffgafde
merely as in;fuders /; and Il, within such Sta,
or ierritpry, they obstruct any law Of tn
United States, either by power Of arms q
mere power Of numbers, constituting such
conbina'ion as is TOO powerful TO be suppress.
ed by the civil authority the President of th
United States has no option left TO him. bJ
's bound TO obey the solemn injunction Of ii,
Constitution, and exercise the high power
vested ~ him by that instrument and BY III
acts nf Congress.
offf any e,sil posse, armed or unarmed
enter into any Territory Of the United State,
with intent 10 seize indi, iduaIs to be carue
elsewhere for trial, for alleged off.nces, un
this posse be too powerful to be resisted. b,
the local civil authorities, such seizure or at
tempt 10 seizs - 10 bc prevented or fesiste.
by the authority Of the United States.
he grave and important question now
rises. whether there be in the Territory q
New Mexico any existing Law or The Unite,
States, "Pposition 10 which, or The obstruction
oi which, would constitute a case calling 70,
The inierPosiiion of the authority vested il
the Prcsidrn'.
ciares that "ihi' constitution, and the Law.
OF the United States which shall be mlde in
pursuance thereof, ard oil treaties made, OF
which shall be made, under the authority OIL
the United States, shall be :he supreme Law
Of the land" II, therefore, New Mexico be a
Territory Of The United States, and if any
treaty stipulation be in force therein, such
tha r
land, and is 10 be maintained and upheld &C.
cordingly.
II The letter to the Governor of Texas nv
reasons are given Ear believing tha, New
Mexico ia now Territory Of the United
States, with the same extent and iac same
boundaries which belonged to it while in the
actual possession Of the Republic Of Mexico,
and before the late war. In the early part
oi ,hs, war both California and New Mexico
were conquered by the arms of the United
States, aud were in the military possession Of
the United States at The date Of the treaty of
peace. by that treaty tho title BY conques,
wns confirmed, and these Territories, PROV.
inccs, or Departments separated from Mexi.
CO forever; and BY the same treaty certain
important rehis and securities were solemn.
iy guaranteed 10 ths inhabitants residing
therein.
Ry The fifth article Of the treaty it 10 de.
Glazed that
The boundary line between tho .wa re
publics shall commence in the Gulf OF Meai.
co three leagues from land, opposite tho
mouth OF The RIO Graude, otherwise called
the Rio Bravo del Norte, or opposite the
mouth Of It's deepest brunch, IL it should have
more than one branch, empt, Ing directly in.
to the sea; from thence, up the middle OF
that river, following the deepest channel,
where il strikes the southern boundary uf
New Mexico; thence wcstwardy, aoeg the
sholc southern boundary Of New Mexico,
which runs north OF the town called Pssol
10 its western termination thence north.
ward, along tho western line Of New Mexico
until 1t intersec's the first branch of the liver
G,la !; Tor i: i, should no, inlcrsect any branch
pf that river, Then To the po,n, on the said
Inc nearest to such branch, aud thence in a
direct limo to tho same j thence down the
middle OF tho said branch and Of tho said riy.
ar until it emptlcs INTO The Rio Colorado;
thence across the Rio Colorado, following the
DIVISION line between Upper and Lower Cal,
fornia, to the Pacific ocean"
Tho eighth ar.lclo Of the treaty is in the
terms;
+" Mexicans now established in territories
previously belonging 10 Mexico, and which
remain for tho future within the limits Of the
United States, as defined by the present irea.
~, shall be free 10 continue where they now
reside, or TO remove at any time to the Mex.
can republic, retaining the property which
hey possess in the said Territories, or dis.
posing ,hcrenf, aud removing the proceeds
wherever they please, without their being
on this accoun; TO any contribution,
lax. OF charge whatever.
Those who shall prefer TO remain in the
'aid Territories may either retain the title
ind rights of MEXICAN citizens, or acquire
hose of citizens OF the United States. Bu,
hey shall be under the obligation to make
heir election within one year fromthe date
# the exchange Of ratlfications Of this treaty;
md those who shall remain in the said Ter
.ltories after the expiration OF iha. year, with.
III, having declared their intention TO retain
he character of Mexicans. shall be consider.
ID to have elected to become citizens of the
United Slates."
+" IN the said Territories property Of eve
y kind now belonging to Mexicans not es.
ablished there shall bs invioably respected.
The present owners, the heirs Of these, and
III Mexicans who may hereafter acquire said
property by contract, shall enjoy with respect
o i, guarantees equally ample as il the same
to citizens Of The United States"
The ninth article Of tho treaty is in these
words:
"The Mexicans who, in the Territories
shall not preserve the character