The North-Carolina standard., 1850-01-02

the moral and political condition of the inhabitants
and We should make reasonable allowances for the
difficulties inseparable from this task. We desire
that the islands may maintain their independence,
and that other nations should concur with as IN this
sentiment. We could in no event be Indifferent to
their passing under the dominion Of any other power
The principal commercial States have in this COM
mon interest, and it is to be hoped that one OF
them will attempt to interpose obstacles the entire
independence of the islands. -
The receipts into the treasury for the fiscal year
ending on the thrtieth of June last were, in cash,
rty-eght million eight hundred and thirty thousand
nnety-seven dollars and fifty cents, ($4s, ,s3O, ,O97 50
and in treasury notes funded ten million eight hun
dred and thirty three thousand dollars (lOs33 oOO
making an aggregate Of ftynin million six hundred
and sixtythree thousand ninety seven dollars and
fifty cents, cess, ,663O97 SO y and the expenditures
tor the same time Were, in cash, forty-six million
seven hundred and ninetyeght thousand six hundred
and sixty-seven dollars and eghty-two cents, $46,
79e, ,667 s2 and in treasury notes funded, ten million
eight hundred and thrty-three thousand dollars,
($l0 1888 ,O0O,) making an aggregate of fty-seven
million six hundred and thirtyone thousand six hun
dred and sixty dollars and eighty-two cents,
($57, ,63l ,667 82.)
The accounts and estimates which will be submit
ted to Congress in the report of the Secretary OF the
Treasury, show that there will probably be deficit,
occasioned by the expenses of the Mexican war and
treaty. on the first day of July next of five million
eight hundred and twenty-eight thousand one Eun-
(5,s2sl2 66) and the first day of July, 1851, of
ten mi lion five hundred and forty-seven thousand
and nnetytwo dollars and seventythree cents,
$4,000 73, making in the whole probable deficit,
to be provided for, of sixteen million three hundred
and seventy-fve thousand two hundred and fourteen
dollars and thirty-nne cents, ,2l4 39 The
extraordinary expenses of the with Mexico, and
the purchase of California and New Mexico, exceed
in amount this deficit together with the loans here
tofore made for those objects. therefore recommend
that authority be given to borrow whatever sum may
be necessary to that deficit. I recommend the
expenditure of the public money.
recommend revision of the existing tariff and its
adjustment on basis which may augment the revenue
do not doubt the right duty of Congress to en-
courage domestic industry, which is the great source
of national we'll as individual wealth and prosper
ity. look to the wisdom and patriotism of Congress
for the adoption of system which may place home
labor at last sure and permanent footing, and, by
due encouragement Of manufactures, give new and
increased stimulus to agriculture, and promote the
of our commerce. Believing that to the attainment
Of these ends (as well the necessary augmentation
of the revenue and the prevention of frauds system
of specific duties is best adapted, strongly recon-
mend to Congress the adoption of that system, fixing
the duties at rates high enough to afford substantial
and sufficient encouragement to own industry, and,
at the same time, adjusted to insure stability.
The question of the continuance of the subtreasury
system is respectfully submitted to the wisdom of
Congress. If continued, important notifications of
it appear to be indispensable.
For further details and views of the above, and
other matters connected with commerce. the finances,
and revenue refer to the report of the Secretary of
the Treasury.
No direct aid has been given by the general gov
ernment to the improvement of agriculture, except
by the expenditure of small for the collection
and publication of agricultural Statistics and for some
- - a.. G,
for out of the patent fund.- This aid is, in my opin-
ion, wholly inadequate. To give to this leading
branch of American industry the encouragement
which it merits, respectfully recommend the es-
tablishnent of an Agricultural Bureau, to be con-
nected with the Department of the Interior TO
crease the prosperity, and to extend his means of
usefulness to his country, by multiplying his sources
of information, should be the stud of every states
man, and primary object with r Fly legislator.
No civil government having been provided by
Congress for California, the people Of that Territory.
impelied by the necessities of their political cond-
tion recently met in convention for the purpose OF
forming constitution and State government, which
the latest advces give to suppose has been
accomplished; and it is believed they will shortly
apply for the admission of California into the Union
as sovereign State. Should such be the case, and
should their constitution be conformable to the re-
QUESTIONS of the constitution of the United States,
recommend their application to the favorable consd
Grafton of Congress-.
The people Of New Mexico will also, it is believ-
ed at very distant period, present themselves for
admission into the Union. Preparatory to the ad-
mission of California and New Mexico, the people
of each will have instituted for themselves repub
lican form of government staying its foundations in
such principles, and organizing its powers in such
form, to them shall seem most likely to effect their
safety and happiness"
BY awaiting their action, all causes of uneasiness
L. :loI II nd ind foo1ir
served. With view of maintaining the harmony
and tranquility dear to all, should abstain from
the introduction of those exciting topics of sectional
character which have hitherto produced painful ap-
prehensons in the public mind and repeat the
solemn warning of the first and most ilustrious OF
characterzing parties by geographical discrimina-
TONS"
A collector has been appointed at San Francisco,
under the act of Congress extending the revenue laws
over California j; and measures have been taken to
organize the custoM-houses at that and the other
ports mentioned in that act, aSshe earliest period
practicable. The collector proceeded overland, and
advices have not yet been received of his arrival al
San Francisco. Meanwhile, it is understood that
the customs have continued to be collected there by
officers acting under the military authority. as they
were during the administration Of my predecessor
1t will, think, be expedient to confirm the collec
tons thus made, and direct the avails (afer such al
lowances as Congress may think fit to authorize) tc
be expended within the territory, to be paid into
the treasury, for the purpose of meeting appropra
tons for the improvement of its rivers and harbors.
T A party, engaged on the coast survey, was des
patched to Oregon in January last. According te
the latest advces, they had not left California and
directions have been given to them, soon they
shall have fixed the sites Of the two light houses
and the buoys authorized to be constructed and plac
ed in Oregon proceed without delay to make
noissances of the most important points on the
of California, and especially to examine and deter