The Camden journal. [volume] (Camden, S.C.) 1836-1851, 1850-04-19
1)olitital Department.
From the New York Herald,
VIEWS OF Mr.. CALHOUN.
LfBERTY AND DEMOCRACY.

rabble. Progressive democracy IS lhco'hPn''
ole with liberty, Those who study after this
fashion are vet in the horn book the a, b, c, OF
s,overnuents. Democracy is levelling-thls Is
Inconsistent with true liberty. People will
choose protection Instead of liberty. Anarchy
is more to be dreaded than despotic power
It is the worst tyranny. The best government
is that which draws least from the people, and
is scarcely felt, except to execute Justlce' anu
to protect the people from animal violation OF
law" >,
"People will learn wisdom only by punish.
ment, and in the case of our Union it will come.
NATION AND NATIONAL.
"Why use that word nation and national as
applied to the federal Union. 1t is wrong
Public sentiment ought to be corrected through
out the United States. Ithas dangerous ten
dency. God knows we are tending too rapid
" to consolidation ALREADY and habituating the
people to nationality help along.
"Ours is federal Union-composed OF thirty
distinct States. The convention secuted the
word nation. So did General Washington, IN
all his public papers. Many use the word ma
ton, or national, from ignorance; others from
habit and with design. The United States are
not q na1lOn. Hc lSucIdi Clioh vi WV '0.'-e>N,
'the constitution or government of the Unlted
States are the only terms employed to desls
nate this confederacy, and which express its
meaning clearly. The United States, when
used geographically, means that portion OF the
continent occupied by the States and the terri
tories and socially speaking, it means the thirty
States in one. A citizen must belong to some
one State If so, he is, of course, citizen OF
the United States, but citizen of the United
States as the name of a people, is an anomaly,
without being citizen Of any particular State.
There is no proper and correct word which de-
signates us a people. To apply to us, we
should do as the French do, use the plural 'peo'
ples' The people Of the State of New York
has meaning. The people of the United
States has MOTT expresses what does not po:
litically exist The peoples of the United
States would mean the people of the thirty dis
tinct States-and would express correct
meaning. There is word wanting -Ameri-
can is understood, but has no reality. A Mex
lean or Kamschatkian has as much claim to the
name of American as we have. A citizen IS
known as belonging to his own local sovereign
ty. He is Georgian, kentuckian or other
State name, but there are no United Statesians.
The country occupied by the States might have
been designated as Columbia or 'Alleghania'
and been used geographically and socially
The extent of the States, and the people of each
State would have been known under the gene
raj term of Columbian or Alleghanian. A ma.
ton means people who are socially and po-
litically united as individuals. We are not to
be limited. Ours is federal union of States,
and not of individuals. Federal was the popu.
ular word in the old convention. 1t was so
popular that it was adopted by political par
tv. who rendered it odious. National or nation
A very odious word in that convention, but it
came into use il the place of federal. Jefferson
without thought OF the idea conveyed, allowed
it TO be used. 4 paper wns started In wash
ington with that name"
REvoLUTI"Ns IN EUROPE.
"The great mass do not understand liberty
Those revelations in Europe amount to nothing
The people are not fit for it. In France, the
government are as much dependent upon the
army as in Napolcon's time. Anarchy Wilt fol-
low every republic in Europe and the people
will abandon liberty for protection. My opin-
ion is that Russia will be the protector and ally
of the property of Continental Europe, and end
in Russian despotism. The Hungarians
should have kept the legislative branches dis
tinct-one for the mass or commons, and the
other body composed of the old nobility, and
consequently conservative. A revolutionized
country, must adopt a constitution in accor-
dance with the former established usages. The
model of the Roman republic should have been
adhered to. The Magyars should have been
the Legislative body, and the Sclavonians the
confirming body, of laws enacted by the other.
"As in France, the Magyars have given up,
under the influence of popular excitement, the
feuda privilcges-this will make trouble when
they have obtained wi at they are fighting for
then there will be difficulties among themselves.
The IIungarians are fighting for substance
in the Union between Austria and Hungary
there were stipulations which have been viola
ted The Hungarians fight for their restora-
ton. The great majority of the nations Of
Europe arc unfit for liberty. 1t is the greatest
blessing, or the greatest curse according as it
is property understood and appreciated
"Libery and slavery are neither good nor
bad in the abstract - each have their evils Lib
erty is Il great blessing aud can be the greatest
curse So Of slavery-.wliat greater cruelty
than to give Il maniac liberty! Nations arc
frequently unfit for Iibcrty-thcn it becomes
curse The great mass of people prefer protec-
tion to anarchy. 1t must be the result in