The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-06-30
settling in the ceded Territories and thus despo her OF
her equal share in the common property OF the Union

settling III Inc Ctueu bo ~
her equal share in the property OF the Union
Mr. Mccsrver II is the duty Of the State Of California
and the United States As The two high CONTRACTING parties
refuse 10 come into the Union as Iowa did, Con-
accedes TO the boundary which We deem proper 70
adopt debates, page i69)
MIA Convention is to be found at page l7s OF the Debates
where Mr. Bolts made to say; eve have got the Con-
gress OF the United States in right place" 'Con-
gress is bound to take usto admit u.s. boundary and air
81 am therefore now inclined 10 lay doun me
DIcTUM Congress-to PRESCRIBE 10 them this ques
ton Of toundaryto make it the sine qua non Of our adj
Such were the views that operated on many, not on
most OF the delegates composing that convention The
yoIved upon them o California would settle i, and settle
readily by taking all from the South and giving il to
the North Why, the North could have done that long
ago. had she ventured and had she dared She had the
power but in her praise let add, she void Of the
rashness and void OF the injustice to exert But the
convention was with plenary powers, and was willing 80
grsss toisgisLas upon California might take il easily
for she hak Congress in tight place, and ready to sur
render at discretion And when all this is taken into
have appropriated to herself those limits which give her.
in the language Of Mr. Shannon, (p 1922 "a shape most
aick Hdrd and ungainiy 2?
leaving the shddoio. Are you, senators, prepared
to receive her into the Union. unshorn OF atom OF her
monster dimensions with $4,000 square miles of ia
command Of every outlet through which the vast terri
terry that stretches eastward to the western slope of the
Rocky Mountains might disgoge its products and and en-
large its trade by free the Pacific Will you
thus disturb the natural demarcatons which SO pecu
arly characterize and divide the different portions OF that
South or best for California but to remove the frantic
cravings of rapacious and intoerant free solsm
Sir, Nature has drawn with her own hands the limits
which California should have State, by uniting in
common centre the valleys Of the Sacramento and the
San joaquin They discharge their main waters into the
basn and that basin s the only outlet that connects
49, r,.sh d. sGa A,1o thar
somewhat in climate and fertility. yet they clearly
intended to form a SINGLE inseparable whole.
The imposing and almost impossible Sierra Nevada en-
circles them within belt OF rude grantedivides the
maritime region from the Great Basin, (Utah.) which it
closes the wes while the two valleys by the nnumer
able and rivers which from the south and the
north, and converge to the bay of San Francisco,
bound and knit together:
The Sierra Nevada (says Mr. McDougal, page 1907 pre-
sens to mind mot proper and feasible line for our
State. Following the the of that line from
the north the south, taking the they tow all
that poroa Of country where the waters commence 70
gives OF country double large any other
ns ssi s % as
Territory OF California, &c
Here is that map, and senators may see, srkngy de-
the M three alluded to Sy Mr.
Sierra and the territory to the SOUTH between the lines
described IN my substitute And this opinion OF the
delegate from Sacramento fully sustained by the high
est authority which can summon before the Senate
that OF the learned, enteprlsng and interchangeable officer
10 whose abors the United States and the world
much indebted
of the Sacramento and the San Joaquin) one, dscrm
mated only by the names OF rivers that traverse H. II is
hundred miles iongying base the Sierra
Nevada and between il and the coastrange OF mountains
with which delta of twenty-five miles It. The
two riversSan Joaquin and Sacramento opposite
Them bold rivers from the Sierra Nevada become them
selves rivers flow towards each Others meet half
and bava af San
gion of tidewate making continuous from
end to 'he other.-Fremonts Memoir, p. 49,
| The Sierra Nevada is an unmstakable boundary to
these two valleys leaving natural outlet from them
the Pacific but through the Golden Gate which unites
the bay with the II closes the valleys on the
above the level OF the sea- and the SOUTH by gentle
slope and neck that connects with the Santa Barbara
mountains, which carry the limit TO the waters edge Of
the and thus are the boundaries Of the State
drawn by the hand OF God in bold and indesruchble
characters
But Independent of this great feature which marks so
peculiarly the geographical structure OF the two valleys
thus held embraced by the great Sierra, Nature has
another seal on its necessary separation from the country
lying south Of them The climate is no longer the same
The soil is different, and the products altogether dssim
lar Here begins quite new country.
South OF Point Conception (says Fremont, page 3s) the
ied change The coast from ,Sa cape tend. almost
directly the face OF the country has southern
the violence and chilling effect Of The northwest winds
Hence the climate Is sti more mild and genial fostering
% sass, s 20 1 sad o n1is
good OF a sandy light character easily cultivated and In
many places OF extraordinary fertility.
Thus the limits which California assumes in her con-
stituton connect what Nature had intended should
separate and distinct They embrace countries that bear
no relation each other The two great valleys formed
by the San Joaquin and Sacramento rivers with the
plains that stretch along between the lower ranges Of
mountains on the coast constitute the natural and most
appropriate appurenances OF the State and embrace
an area Of territory sufficient TO maintain millions OF in
habitants, being something less than 100000 square
miles. quote again from Fremont, pages 10 and IA:
West OF the Sierra Nevada, and between that mountain
and the Is the SECOND grand division OF California, and
the only part which the applies IA the current Ian.
gusge OF the couHey II 10 the occupied and inhabited
par and in character divided by the
wall Of tho Sierra from the great basin above to
constitute region Of ITSELF with structure and conhgura-
ton, soil, climate, and productions OF Its and as
northern Persia may be referred type OF the
former may Italy be referred TO point OF com
par with the latter. Looking westward from
summit the Sierra the presented Is the
long, low boad valley OF the San joaquin and Sacramento
rvethe two valleys forming one hve hundred miles long
and fifty miles broad, lying along the base Of the Sierra,
and bounded the by the low range Of
tains Which separates IL from the
California below the Sierra Nevada, Is about the extent
Of Italy from the Alps the termination OF the peninsula
IL the length, hbont the breadth, conse-
qucny the areaabout hundred thousand square
| mcs-and presents much similarly OF climate and pro-
ducton. Like Italy, IL is county OF mountains and
leys Different IRON II IN its Is lonned
lounitits large being concenrc, and large
within the OF whose waters the dominating power
must be found.--tl Ibid, y. 3
| And now let us follow the map, and see what new re.
gion expands beyond the southern termination OF the
/ Sierra Nevada.
The country south Of Point Conception is utterly cut
Il