The star of the north. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1849-1866, 1850-12-05

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been received s AZ ills prsesl5sd shass shoss
documents win BE- essenfI for The correct
disposition Of the cIaims, = may become ne,
limited for The dufatiou If 8 ~ comlfaisaio),
The sum stipulated blythe 4lh article Of the
convention TO be paid 10 this government
has been received.
The colleclionsin the ports Of the United
States OF discriminating duties upon the ves-
sells of Chill and their cargoes has been sus-
pended, pursuant 10 the provisions of the act
of Congress Of the 2itli of May, 1928. 1t
lis TO be hoped that this measure will impart
fresh impulse 10 the CONNIE rec between
the two countries, which of late, and espe-
cially SINCE our acquisition of California,
has, 10 the mutual advantage of the parties,
been much augmented.
Peruvian guano has become so desirable
an article TO the agricultural interests of the
Unitad States, that il is the duty of the Gov.
eminent to employ all Tue means properly in
its power for the purpose OF causing that ar
| tcls 10 be imported into the country at a
reasonable price, Nothing will be omitted
on my part towards accomplishing This desi-
rable end. / am persuaded that in remov-
ing any restraints 10 this traffic, the Peruvian
government will promote lis own best inter-
ests, while il will afford proof of a friendly
disposition towards this country, which will
be duly appreciated.
The treaty between the United States and
His M tjesty the King of the Hawaiian Is
lands, which has recently been made pub
lie, will, ii is believed, have beneficial Ell.
feet upon the relations between the two
countries.
The relations between those part of the
Island OF St. Domingo, which were former
ly colonies Of Spain aud France. respective
ly, are still in an unsettled condition. The
proximity oftha, Island TO the United States.
aud the delicate questions involved in the
existing controversy there, render il desira-
BILE that ii should be permanently and spec
dily adjusted. The interests of humanity
and of general commerce also demand this ;
and, as intimatons of the same sentiments
have been received from other government :,
il is hoped that some plan may soon be de-
vised 10 effect the object in manner likely
10 give general satisfaction. The govern
ment of the Uniled States will not fail, by
the exercise of all proper friendly offices, 10
do all in lis power 10 put all end TO the de-
structure war which has ragged between the
different parts of the island, and TO secure to
them both the benefits OF peace and COM
merce.
Irefer you 10 the report of the Secretary
OF the Treasury for detailed statement of
the finances.
Tbs total receipts in the Treasury, for the
year ending 30ih OF June last, were forty
seven million four hundred and twenty one
thousand seven hundred and forty eight dol.
lars and ninety cents. (47 ,421, ,74s 90.)
The total expenditures during the same
period were fory-three million and two
thousand one hundred and sixlyeight dollars
and ninety cents, (43,20O, 16s 90)
The public debt has been reduced, since
the last annual report from the Treasury De-
parment, four hundred and niaety-five thou
sand two hundred aud seventy-six dollars
and seventy-nine cents, (Si95,27 TOY
BY the 10Th section OF ,hs act of 2Slh of
January, 1847, the proceeds o: the sales of
the public lands were pledged for the inter
est aud principal of the public debt. The
great amount oil those lands subsequently,
granted by Congress for military bountes,
| ii will, il is believed, very nearly supply the
public demand for several years to come,
| and but little reliance can, therefore, bs
placed on that hitnerIo fruiITut soufos oi re-
venue.
Aside from the permanent annual expen-
dItures, which have necessarily large in
creased, a portion of the public debt, a
mounting 10 eight million seventy five thou
sand nine hundred and eighty six dollars and
fifty nine cents (Ss, ,0759Se SOY must be pro-
vided for within the next Two fiscal years.
1t is most desirable that these accruing de.
mands should be mot without resorins to
new loans
All experience has demonstrated the wis
dom and policy of raising large portion Of
revenue, for the support of Government
from dutios on goods imported The power
to Law these duties is unquestionahle, and its
chief ooject. of course, is TO replenish the
treasury. But if in doing this, an inciden.
tai advantage may be gained by encoura-
ging the industry of our own citizens, it is
our duty to avail ourselves of that advan-
tage.
A duty laid upon an article which cannot
produce IN this conntry-such az tea or cof.
fee-adds 10 tho cost Of the article, and is
chiefly OF wholly paid by the consumer. But
| duty laid upon an article which NAV be
produced here stimulates the skill and in.
dustry of our own country to produce the
same article, which is brought into the mar.
kct in competition with The foreign article.
and the i'm lorter is thus compelled to reduce
his price to that at which the domestic ari-
Gle can be sold thereby throwing part of
the duty npon the producer of the foreign
article. The continuance of this process
creatas the skill, aad invites lhe capital.
which finally enables us us to praduce the
article much cheaper than it could havs
been procured from abroad thereby benefit
| ting both the producer and consumer at
home. The consequence of this is, that the
artizan, and the agriculfuraist. are brought
together, each affords ready market for the
produce Of the o her, the whole country be-
comes prosperous; and the ability to pro-
duce every necessary of life renders US in
de.'endet in war as well as in peace.
A high tariff can never ne permanent. It
| will cause dissatisfaction aud will be chang
ed II excludes competition. and thereby
! invites the investment of capital iu manu-.
factures to such excess. that when changed
! il brings distress, bankrnp,cy. and ruin unon
all who have been misled by lis faiihess
protection. What the manufacturer wants,
Is uniformity and permancy, that he may
&c! confidence that he is not to be ruined
bv s,,o,,,sn changes. But TO make tariff
uniform and permanent, 'is not only ne
cessary that the law should noi be altered,
bnt that the duty should not ffuctuaie. 10
effect this, all duties should be specific.
wherever the nature Of the article is snch as
| ~ adr,.t ,f II Ad v,1orarv, ,J,,tiaa Auctuafo a