The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-07-03

!" should NOT bs yspugnant 10 me ordinance of 1887"
which provided exactly the same thing which Louisiana
was required to provide i her ordinance with respect TO
ihe PUBLIC domain.--t Statutes, vol; 81 29o)
10 the Union, to bind her Legislature not 10 interfere
with the primary disposal of the soil by the United
States n, - Statutes, vol s,p 545)
i7s7 Statutes. vol. 3, p. 1so)
Alabama. Mississippi, Arkansas. Michigan, Iowa,
and Wisconsin were all required to submit TO the stern
and inexble rule and the principle that the right 10
the SOIL passed to the States with the sovereignty
prevalent that the occasion OF certain advantages ten
dered to Florida, the act granting them-beng an act
supplemental to the act admitting Florida, &c. into the
Union reces that the said advantages granted g in
consideration OF the CONCESSIONS made BY The State Of
Florida in regard 10 the public lands" &c.
And, thus | have made good my proposition, that
Z" whenever new State, with unappropriated public
lands within her limits, has presented herself for admis
Of the Northwestern Territory which were invariably
required 10 make their constitution in accordance with
the articles Of compact Of the ordinance Of 1887 she has
been admitted upon the express condition that she
would relnquish all caim and tie to the public lands
within her limits, and not interfere with the primary dis
posa Of them BY the United States" Why these require
State with the sovereignty repeat il for the last time
the question may have been urned has not been met
II remains unanswered
come that part Of the argument OF the senator
insists that they not extravagant that they hardly
embrace 3 900 square miles Of agricultural lands.
4 Nl
speaking, when made that remark, of that porton
OF California that would be embraced south OF the pro-
posed line.
ing thai the boundaries, restricted by my substitute,
would not leave to California sufficient agricultural lands
to sustain her population.
gentleman had argued that California with her present
Boundaries contained 900 square miles, and that 900
SQUARE miles was the average for new State and that
California, therefore, had three times the average.
rSt
that part OF the country which lies OF the Sierra Ne
vada from the foot OF the eastern side OF that mountain
range to the ine making thirty forty thousand
square miles, but sandy desert and then said
that taking from the mountains those portions which
were useful for agriculture, the result would be that
California would have much less than the other States to
which referred.
Mr. SoULE. | had entirely msconceved the position
taken by the honorable senator. beg his pardon and
will proceed to consider how far, where he stands
he Is supported by the geography OF the country The
double valley, waered BY the San Joaquin and the Sac
mento alone embraces OF the choicest agr
cultural lands, extending upwards OF 500 miles in length
and from fifty to sixty miles in breadth This, of ITSELF
gives fully 5000 square miles OF arabic SOIL The in
teryenng plains between the coast mountains add greatly
to the country lands susceptible OF cultivation. There
are besides, vast and rich pastures immense forests With
in the embrace OF the Siera and thus is concentrated
in the basin which glrdles extent OF territory
than amply sufficient 10 maintain and support population
twice large that of the State OF New York But the
advantages OF California those which she derives
from her position and from her mineral wealth Through
OF Hindostan of Polynesia OF Japan through the
ond she holds the scale where is 10 be poised the
tous problem OF the relation in which shall stand hereafter
all the articles OF trade, all descriptions OF exchangeahe
property with the signs oil value that have heretofore raei
their respective prices, and OF which she is fate
9 nave .ns amos a excasye M monopoy mny 70 oeyona
and south OF that boundary but waste and barren des
ert Why take II when you might, by leaving il out,
satisfy the South III and 9 quiet a the whole country "a
30 min has all the conditions of climate, of soil, of pro-
iuclveness that render slave labor vauabe ii has
IL mines its tobacco district its cotton and sugar lands
What talk you Of 1000 square miles OF agricultural
yioni The valley of San Juan alone, the most fertile
and uxuriant spot in all this continent. embraces
lizing waters country equal in dimensions and
n poductlveness to the most exuberant counties in
Louisiana!
But we are advised TO be in haste we are urged to let
he Cafornans in, matter how, lest they should
vet out for themselves and forever separate from the
Jnion Is that danger real' What Now, when they
hardly reached population OF 100000; when moth
ng attaches them 10 the country except the aWi sacrd
ames when they still are bound to by all the recoec
ions OF the past by all hopes Of the futures when they
annot leave without rending asunder all those
stations that endear life and make happy, they dream OF
secession, OF independence What viii be when they
lave grown TO millions i-when habit, interest, aec-
ions shall have reconciled them to permanent settle
nent there?
And here lei me urge upon you again the fearful d.
emma with which ! closed one OF my arguments the
,ther day, Look ahead look ahead monster State
II the republic the mercy OF the supendous weight
yhch through the power of numbers the new State will
as in your councils your commerce. your influence m
he Pacific ia the OF China, and in the Indian Archi-
,eIago, crushed under the heel OF powerful and hardy
-val Are you prepared for this
Then will not the South see clear into all this How
ong do you expect 10 delude her by the deceul Offer
ngs of your bill Do not underraie her dscernment
She will be caught in the She will detect The
vile She will lind out by what arthce OF Legislation
you inlict upon her, through the agency oil Cali |
ornia, the very wrong, the menace OF which brought
his conederacy to the brink OF dissolution and in what
that very Proviso which you Affect to denounce
IN your reports, in your speeches. in your letters, IS
brought in, and by this BILL to solemn and irrepeaable
sanction, through the admission OF California with con.
.tliuon which, in reality and in fact, extends over
upwards OF 900 square miles beyond its natural uris
liction am done.
Mr. DOUGLAS. | shall be very brief in the reply
which have to make TO some points in the speech oil
The senator from Louisiana, aud shall advert only 10
hose in which he addressed hImse to me directly and
He has controverted the history that gave
he day before yesterday OF the legislation Of Congress IN
regard 10 the admission of new States into tue Union,
iot by denying the truth OF any fact which stated
nor BY showing that the facts not fairly brought TO
he notice OF the Senate but he has discovered as be
,upposes one new fact which overhrows the whole.
He admits understand, that Tennessee was brought
INTO the Union without any compact being formed with
her at the Of her admission into the Union or subse
luent thereto Such understand 10 be the admission oil
ne senator by the argument he has advanced. Then,
,ir, what is the discovery he has made which enables
him 10 say that there compact with the people Of
tennessee which reserved TO the United States Their
rights in the soil and dominion the public lands
He tells that the ordinance OF 1857 extended over
hal country. That IS very true. haye the law here.
The act Of the Goth May, 1890, provides M the ordl-
nance for the government of the people OF eterrtory
II ...I