The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-01-17

was overmled she was admitted as State with all her
questions OF extent boundary, public lands, debts, and
except upon her own terms What was proper then IS
indispensable now: what might have been easily done
then becomes difficult now All the evils then ioreold
coming to pass, and becoming worse from delay SO
that the work OF reduction OF limits and settlement o.
these questions can longer be deferred without great
public misfortune.
The bill proposes to reduce her at once with her
sent, into State OF about 10000 square miles, and
eventually into two States Of about $4,000 square miles
each Inc reduction Is proposed on ne principle q
leaving all the present population and all the organized
counties untouched and cedng the unsealed and wild
lands to the United States. The western boundary ne
retired e. e e parallel q ioa degrees q west est onguae
would have this effect, and would leave the State IN
compact FORM with very commodous and proper bound
aries, and very suitable for future division into two
States She would retain all her gull coast half Of
the Rio Grane, about ahousand miles on the Red river
and <he Sabine frontier il ~ p.salsi Of istiiaie
the claimed Rio Gande, would become her western bound
ary The Red river now the boundary OF part Of The
State on the north, would become the whole northern
boundary. The Arkansas would be abandoned in its
whole extent and the southwest corner of the State
brought down from the head Of the to the
head Of the Bed verfrom the frozen region OF AZ To-
This reduction would leave the State compact and
homogeneous with natural boundaries, and perfectly
adapted to the division which is provided for She would
still be large for State and this is the proper time
for dividing herr and the bill contains the provision Tor
that purpose north and south line is taken for the
dividing line which will gve about equal extent * M and
OF west Longitude divides the Red river front equally
between them, giving deg 70 each The same parallel,
followed south 10 It's intersection with the Rio Colorado
and thence following that river to its mouth in the gulf
divides both the gull coast and the territory about equally
again This is the proposed division line the second
State to become separate and independents and entitled TO
immediate admission into the Union, matter of right,
on attaining apopulation OF 100000 souls
All exterior TO these limits Is proposed 70 be ceded to
the United States The cession is estimated 10 amount TO
two hundred thousand square miles, and stretches from
the Rio Grande TO the Arkansas and 10 the head OF the
Arkansas and is supposed 10 contain most o the public
lands which Texas possesses II Is large extent OF
country and is desirable TO the United States and almost
Indispensable to her, IRON its great extent its geogaphl
cal position, and It's actual condllion as sheeror say
ages tcovers the whole country which lies at the head
OF in front OF the New Mexican mountains, ana
from the Rio Grande TO the Arkansas II stretches from
country in front OF New Mexico and California Ii now
the State OF Texas and nieposes that State between the
settled parts Of the United States and the whole front OF
New Mexico and California The United States owes
great duties these acquisftionsdniles which
fulfil without possessing the absolute right Of way
to them, the primary disposition OF the SOIL and the man
agement OF the Indians. The duty OF protection cannot
be extended TO them without right TO make roads and
plant settlers. We want road from the frontier of
Missouri to Santa Fe and California; we cannot make
make settlements upon them. New Mexico is suffering
from Indian depredalonsutiering more now, under the
American government than under any period Of the
Mexican government IN its most helpless and dis
traced condition People killed. capives carried of,
and stock driven away sight OF the town OF Santa Fee
n s a as ag n se s 81 ew
Mexico about dangerous now as In time OF actual
war; In fact far New Mexico and the roads TO her
has brought peace there. The stll RACES, and
than everal round New Mexico, all through her.
and upon all the roads leading to her. New Mexico
needs seiters-a home popuation-io defend her. Set
tiers are the natural and cheap defence Of new coun
tries; but settlers, TO defend country, must have
stake in it-an interest in the soil. They must have
l--1 ..,1 nfs...S md fta
primary disposition OF the soil IS necessary 10 that
regiment oil thousand men, raised and oticered IN the
country, with grants OF land in addition TO ray, would
give the protection 10 New Mexico, and her roads, which
due them asd give in the way to be both cheap
est and most eheciua But to do that the right OF uris
dcton and the primary disposition oil the soil Is lndisgen
sable to the United States. We cannot protect New
Mexco-we cannot 60 to her, or to California, upon
any direct line upon any line within the United States
south OF without gong through the State OF Iexas
subject to The impediments which State rights may inter-
pose, and without the rights over the soil which the pro-
lection OF the roads requires.
The right OF jurisdiction and the primary disposition Of
the soil is indispensable in all that part OF Texas
which n,ervenes between New Mexico and California
which lies in front OF the mountains at the heals OF the
Red river and Arkansas-shich stretches from the Rio
(ande 10 the edge OF the South Pass in latitude AZ deg
II is tract OF 100000 square miles. and cannot be OBJ
taned without price Texas is in condition to make
such gratuity to the United States. She owes money,
and wishes to pay IT, She needs improvements. and de-
res TO make them. She is young, and requires sys-
tenn OF schools and needs school fund. And Tor all
tneSc 0bltCs Her plthCldf tchdbcc ~ oh
square miles OF territory, containing her vacant lands,
and so indispensable 10 us. The bill offers her nj
teen millions Of dollars-a sum not arbitrarily as.
sumed but adopted from the offer made, and Tor
less extent in 1874 The treaty of annexation nego-
tiaed but not ratified in that year, gave her ten mill
lions oil dollars live millions more, some say ten, were
offered 10 Mexico. Adopting that oifrr to Texas and
Mexico, the same sum OF fifteen millions ia now pro-
posed to Texas and with better reason for get
county and that which has BECOME Indispensable TO q.
from the acquisition of New Mexico and California IL
is but small sum, considering the objects to be attained
Even II il took the money out OF the treasury the attain
ment OF these Objects amounting TO positive duties,
would Justify the sacrifice but il will take no money
from the treasury. The land ceded, after all deductions
for the sterile and the appropriated, would still contain
enough arabIe and vacant, to the amount But land
Is not all that Texas cedes She required TO elinqulsh
all her claims upon the United States and these are
neither few nor small She is to relnquish all elaine
for properly surrendered TO the United tors
arsenals munitions OF war, custom houses, custom
house revenue, public squares, and public edces She
4 10 renqush all claims for her debis the o pay
ing which in her custom houses already surren
defed and in the lands proposed 10 be ceded
She is further elinquish all other claims, embracing
serious item for the depredaions OF Indians coocated
her borders by the United Staes before the annexston
and bound 10 be restrained from mischief by the existing
treaty. with Mexico and to which Texas became party
These the great reasons OF national policy and Of
national duty which make this reduction OF limits and
cession OF territory Indispensable to us. They are suf
he following copy Introduced into the Senate BY Mr.
Bxsror the lluI December 1874, viz N# He
provide for Texas 70 the United States
snaefsd BY TIC Senate and House Representatives. hs
States Of 4eicd IN Conee assembd That the Pcs
Of the United states boz and he hereby authorized and I'D
negotiations with Merco and Texas for the adjust
Boundaries OF the the United