The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1850-07-08

WAsHIHaroy, July 3, 1850.
ne hvssss1E kxYosstsos Of the Nev Msstea~
Qssstsss.
Thernomstes 80 degrees at nine p. M. II WAS
- to-day under the shade trees on Capitol Hill -
BOD rs the atmospheric thermemese~ goes up, the
pshsssl weather gauge SEEMS to go down, for there
was not ons-haR the excitement in Congress to-
day, that we expected, 0n tho Santa Pc question
Mr. Underwood, ia vssdias res, was about ptc hing
into the title OF Texas hut was called to order, and
John Bel satisfied himself with declaring that Old
Zask was right, and would be- found mighty obsti-
nate In maintaining statu quo the status guo and
the kx ioei of New Mexico. 1t does not signify a
hdde-stick whether Old Zack understands these
nIms or not he IL no great lngust, but he has
Iantcd his batteries the status gO, and there he
intends 10 stand IL is habit in the Old man, and
" ire can't melt il out of him"
what's this status Qiso this existing state of things
an New Mexico! IL Is aperplcxlng question. The
Roman question is easy, compared TO IL the Cuba
question IL a small affair the Iiay'i question Is
mere ten per centum; the Portuguese question Is
nuHbug The Nicaragua question IS a victory Il
diplomacy, knotty az II will get Ia be after while
the California question IS stale dish even the
great dumfunghDg sixpenny Greek question does
not involve the consequences OF this New MeXici an
or Santa Fc question. Ii Is an ugly question a
complex question, The question which, Of all others
is likely 10 tumble the soup into the pie where the
ingredients are all IN process OF amagamatIon.
What lis this status 9to which old lack is
Ilcdged 10 mainiainl 1t is a power OF Congress to
deoiale war, aud TO repel invasion. What has the
Executive 10 do with IL Simply this. By the
consent of Congress, h. is vested with the govern
II ent OF New Mexico, pro tempOrs. Congress fail
Dg 10 provide "A government, has left the country
petty much az General keaTny left it, under The
heaTny code, applied under the instructions of
ileeidtnt Fox, % a temporary government. IL
was transferred 10 Olt lack. And that same 90
Sysipm' nj, ne fact2, exists, as far as We know.
C' Nas claims jurisdiction over the country or that
taf OF 1.-THE best half-east of the Rio Grdnde.
Mr. Marcy instructed the military governor ~ San
Ia Fn, 10 aid The Texans in establishing their jurs-
dlCnon. Mr. Crawford, taking another view of the
sf0tps no. nstrUcts The said governor not to inter-
lere with The question, not In interfere with the
Texans IT they came TO make good their juris-
dcuCn, but al The same time he IS 10 encourage the
Tecple of New Mexico TO get up a State for them
selves, IL the face of the status quo. Well he does
encourage them To get up State.
!. The first question Is, was that right! Was il
right in the administration TO organize State in
territory, the lille TO which was claimed by an
othcr Stale, and which h as not been settled! Was
A. expcdienl Suppose the new State is organized,
and The question Of title goes 10 the Supreme Court,
and the court decides in favor Of Texas! What
then! The remaining territory of New Mexico
wiz not have one-haf he population necessary for
State; and OF course the whole thing will be a
farce: and most ridiculous farce
= he next question ~, what right the President
Tad 10 instruct his governor not To interfere it Tex
~ ish0ud attempt TO establish her jurisdiction,
when he believed the jurisdiction belonged TO the
United States! Was IL not his duty 10 m iiutan
thai jurisdiction, he being vested with the dscre-
iiondTy power! Was not that the way 10 maintan
the tfdfus quo an stain quo ante belun,l But what
dots he do! lie invites the Jurisdiction of Texas
and when "a certain Mr. Neighbours, styling him
set Commissioner of Texas" gets up as far as
santa Fc, old lacks military governor holding
the status quo, calls State convention for New
Mexico, and sends Mr.. Neighbours packing home to
Texas, across The fearful desert of r. Llanos Esta-
cedo, OF through the wild Apaches, down the Rio
Grande.
That operation settled the Ter loci as far as ''Mr
Neighbours" was concerned. Doyou call this nom
scicn, or non-iuervenion, or the leaving the ques
ton Of jurisdiction Ia he settled by Congressl Or
tOresiailng The action of COngrcssl What Is Texas
Ca dot She claims the territory. The people, "dided
and encOuIaged' by United States officer, reject
her auibUnty, and proceed To organize an indie
pendent State within the limits claimed by another
state, to the eAient OF one hundred and thirty
square mi's, more or less. The fact is, the whole
business Is so excessively perplexng. sh Ill not
attempt TO eAl lain II. But these questions naturally
arise
Was not the President, by the consent of
Congress, OF by us permission, in the absence Of
any law, Nesied with the preservation OF the rights
al he PeoT'. aud The integrity Of the territory of
the United States in New Ne xicel
Did not This Discretionary power require him
10 preserve tbe neutrality Of the territory in dispute
a. fr aS The question Of jurisdiction of that terri
tory cCniiicird with the claim Of Texas, until the
question shonid te settled by the proper hlrityl
J. Was not the act of tie Military Governor, as
the agent ui the President Of encouraging and
aiding the people Of New Mexico Ia organize n
power. and ~ insult 10 the State Of Texasl
I. Surprising State 10 be organized, and that,
after the fashion of General Riley. Col Monroe
srrrenders he civil and military authority ts the
new Stale, h"t Is he to do ia the event of a mill
ty invasion Il Santa Fe 10y Texasl
.. Toes The q scIeilonsry authority Of the Presi-
deut cease wih tins surrender OF the government
on the port of Col Monroe, or does New Mexico
continue n t'ui'ory, and under the protection of
tie PIesldenr I'LL She is admitted into the Unionl
D. IL she so continues, how far does the discr--
ton 10 the "a siden extend in Tepellng the juris-
diCuon of another STATED
II our information he correct the President has
short handed way of answering such questions.
lie assume the rcSponsbiliy-he is in for IL, and
II The TEXANS invade ; anita Fc in n hostile de-
morttraton, Cot Monroe is TO fight them If ne
Cessary, uantiin tbs lev io~ and the status guo
State or no state. lie scouts the title Of Texas
and Is out Of p-tence with a temporizng policy.
But geography comes IN 10 preserve the peace,
al least Tor while longer. To reach Santa Fe,
the Texas Rangers will have 10 cross a desert of
several hundred miks, III Llanos Esracado Il
was the crossing # this desert that killed up the
old Texan Santa Fe Expedition, aud rendered
them essy capture 10y Armio, the Mexican
Governor. We shall therefore have, perhaps, a
Commissioner from Texas to Washington, before
che launches across this desert.