New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1850-03-30
BY GREELEY g. McELRATH.
VOLUME TX,

most e,aanaoasl, co4tended tha, Congress has lo
.ls constitutions. po'Ter 70 protib1, -avery - th-
Territories because they have 70, the power 2
e4tq5fuh % bat that The people, u forming 20
erllncu, log Themselves have the night 70 DO either
Il Congress can ngntigly 90 one. the can csr-a q
j. o. RE ether
TAsis the doctrine pa. fo-th b. NJ Calhoun n
his celebrated resolutions 0i 81, introduced lDt
tle Seas,e o. the United States, among which S
lssoi,es T1s,rss fundamental p scipie 10 our pl-
c c-eed tasi people il forming consultation nave ne
Lnc .-1iuons rgti u form s1d adopt the gOvs-rre1
they may MIX best ca.c1 sed % s9cure aef D. 'ef
o. -1srerfy ard tsppnessi tndr ia conformity tl-feo
- otrr coufaon % imPo.ed ~ ne 71srs. Iols.4.
or -'Sc, n cr1er 20 - sdfgiiie1 mt az aio s'o
tlat 70 Constitution sea be Republican, ard ths ne i1
poe ofsuy oae- BY Cosgrsss woad not only be r w
'si. ~ te Co1s..laoa blf 90 direct couaei viii 90
pa q or vrrl our political sys en- rssis
President Polk Ia hs annual message, dated 81
December. 1888. uses the following language
T1e question bsere 10 b. rs-her abstract ihaa 7rsc
lca.. 1hsher slavery ever can Of wo2d exs " a.! pr
Dor p tie acc AIRED ern crF eYn 70 we're i- 70 tr '
ton ~ ffe saveno.dag Ss'es ilsnseFes FROM w" "a
rf- ~ lne cpse aod pf)nuchols ~ mucn ne afR-f pr
tor IT, n ls certsn % could never exist sld 10 Ia fe
mel Ger TIE yIOostl4ie. are y would not
Bat however hls my be, The question. itvoIf n. 81
DIES puIcipe Of equality Of rights Of The sepsree
s'y'fI 5sies ~ eCuai coparines IN in+ Con- fa0
a..4 not - oisressra-e.
dur imposed C.1gres. by the Consctu requires n-
the .lD1id iepisaie me subject II slavery, while t-
b. iary II The sound-s rApo1u5ers Of tbsi instrument
" Whether Con slsl esisiae or not lhe people n
ite scqIired Ternors when assembled IN Convenio1
t STALE Consultations s poss-ss ne sole ana eXcus 10
por er 10 determine l1f themseive- whether slavery 'aa
VI 81! LOt exist " lin inei limits
Tie reOpie o. Ca iOTuiR, therefore, scNag uC0I
l0rt'ty with ;he views thUs expressed, and wha'
scemed TO be the generally admitted opinion la
tire states, had every reason 70 suppose, and Oh
s1;l osc that by forming Constitution for them
So s. aud deciding this question IN .acoordauc
altN thlir own news and interests they wou.i b1
rec fcd with open arms by AL parties
%. taking this step they proceeded with all { d
reca ry which has ever characterized the Amer
Jean leopie in dischargiug the great and imPo
tart 1nIes Of sc.rcoyenment
As Already stated ! arrived ut Sag Frances
M thc morning OF the ith o! June
The steamer IN which Was p passenger did n''
stop at Mootsrcy therefore did not see iener
a. ey, nor bad ! an communication with hlm 1r'i
about the middle OF the month, when he came ~
SAL Francisco. 4 few DAYS after my arrival l.'
Proclamation calling Convention to form state
Constitution, dated me third Of Jtac, was received
The People acted in compliance with what the i
believed % be the views Of Congress and conform
ahy 60 the recommendations Of the Proclamation
aud proceeded, on the day appointed, 70 eleoi
Members % Convention ior the purpose Of form
IN o Constitution, % be regu ry submitted to to
People for their ratification or rejection and q sp
iof the admission Of California, as State, into tie
Mon.
desire here TO make brief and emphatic rep
b. tie various unjust and most extraordinary sccl
satons and distinctions which have been made w.
spectinQ the movements of the People OF California
in forming their State Cove nment
had 40 secrect Instructions, verbal or write ~,
fon The President or any one else, what 70 say 20
tie people Of California on the subject OF SLAYER.
nor was II ever limited on animated to me that
was expected to attempt 10 influence their sctoD
IN the slightest degree on that subject That !
he, cr dld the people OF California will bear ne
" itness In that TERRITORY there was none OF o. e.
machinery Of party Or Of the press and 1t is even
more absurd to suppose that any secret 'taeHcf
Tor or against Slavery, could have been used Their
tlanit would to believe that they could be success
fully employed in Marylsn or Georgia.
therefore declare all assertions and nsinuations
that was secretly instructed 70, or that dd
any way, attempt 10 influence the people OF Ca.i-
.orIia to exclude Slavery from their Territory 20
be without foundation.
Tie election OF Delegates 10 the Convention pro
oecded regularly IN pursuance OF the proposed mode
If holding H. and, as Tar as am informed no gut
tons were asked whether candidate was w b :
or a Democrat or whether he was from The Nor,I
or the South The only object seemed 70 be, to ind
competent men no were willing 10 make the "a
crHce OF time which proper discharge OF their d.
ties would require.
As soon after my arrival at San Francisco as the
ARRANGEMENTS OF General Smith would permit /
proceeded with him to the interior Of the country
i,r the purpose OF examining the gold region on
other interesting and important portions OF IT,
did not return until the 10Th o. August The e'ec
tons had taken place when was in tho mountains
| was taken III on the goth Of that month aud was
confined 70 my bed and room more than tWo
months.
The convention met on The lst Of September -
IL viii be seen that was not present where al y
election was held, nor had | anything to do with
Sc ecting or bringing out candidates and my Illness
i sufficient proof that did mol, and could not hGc
been disposed exercise any Influence in the Goa
vcntion which was sitting one hundred and thirty
miles from where | was
Some limitations or assertions, as am lhlo'4hel
have been thrown out that the South YVES no'
fairly represented IN the Convention am tod t}
two of the members OF Congress elect from Gan
tornia. who were members OF the nVeutlon thi
Of the thgty.seven Delegates designated IA &c b
Rilel's PROCLAMATION, sixteen were from siavehoii
ing. Ten from the non slav ehOdng states, aid
eleven who were citizens of California under o. ID
Mexican Government and that ten Of those eieNtl
came from districts below 80. 30 50 that the e
werr iu the Convention twenty sN OF the tlTl.
seven members from the s.sveholdlns states a4o
from places south OF the Missouri Compromise ln
A. appears, on llt lput ia ~ NA'N ~. " "
the clause ia the Constitution excluding slavery
passed unanimously
| now proceed 20 give the result OF my inquiries
observations and reflections respecting the poPGla
lion. climate. soil. productions the general chars
Ter Of grants Of land from Mexico-the extent and
condition o, the public domsn-the commerce.
resources and prospects mineral ana NETS ''
wealth OF California
POPULATION.
Humboldt. IN his Essay on New SPAN states t''
population @. prer CshioTnis, IN lso2 10 have con
sisted Of .
Converted indiana. ''''''A,so.
Other Classes. i9'"
ru,, ..l6ss.
AeNsndet Forbes m bis history Of Upper and Low 81
California published London 10 $3.50 sAles h- nodof
of converted indians In the former TO have beer,
IN inpt....- -.tf $3.50. - ''t''t'' 80
% al Other Cissses .....-..--........ 49,
Eo'aI .t.t...-.t... '.tstst.'- .'1'-'
lie expresses the opinion that this number hsc
not varied much up 10 SIS and the probablhiy j.
there was very little increase IN the white poPuia
ton until the emigrants from the mted states oe
rsn 10 enter the country m 1855.
They increased, from year 70 yea, 50 that
$50 Col Fremont had little difficulty IN calling ?,
his standard some i've hundred hghuns men,
the close Of the war with Mexico II was SOP
nosed that there were, including discharged 'o'uA
teers. from ten to hiteen thousand Americans ar
Csl,oruisns exclusive Of converted Indians, 10 th'
Territory. The immisratisn OF American citizens
IA ls4s up 70 the lst January last was estimate
AZ eighty thoussnd-ol foreigners. twenty thou