The organizer., 1850-06-29

~! DeIOTe you OTIeI consideration
Of the matters il contains.
This report embraces four distinct
measures: LIST; the admission of
California as State. with the exclu~
sion of slavery in her constitution; ID,
territorial governments to be erected
over the territories of Utah and New
Mexico, with nearly one half Texas
to be added to the latter; Sd the pro.
hibition of the slave trade in the Dis.
Tict of Columbia; and 4th, provisions
or the recapturs of fugitive slaves
in the non>slave>holding States. To
understand whether these measures
are consistent with our rights and
worthy Of our acceptance, each Of
them must be considered separately.
The South is excluded by the bill
from the whole Of that part of Cali.
fornia lying on the Pacific, iacIuding
one hundred and fifty thousand square
miles of territory, and. il This is done
by the legislation of Congress, the
mode in which dt il done is Of no
Importance. CaiiEornia belongs to
he United States, and all aciion by
the individuals in that territory.
whether from the United States or
from the rest of the world appropri>
ating the soil to themselves or erecting
a government over it, is Of no validity.
They constitute a people in no proper
sense of the term; but are citizens of
the States or countries from which
II frh
still owe their allegiance. When
therefore Congress attempts to carry
out and confirm the acts of these indi.
viduals, erecting California into a Safe
and excluding slavery therefrom, it is
the same thing as If Congress, had
originally passed law to this effect,
without the intervention of these in
dividuAls. The exclusion of slavery
from California is done by the act Of
Congress. and by no other authority
The constitution % fcnlifoFnia becomes
the act Of Congress, and the Wilmot
Proviso it contains, is tie Wilmot
Proviso passed aud enforced by the
legislation of Congress. Here then. Is
that exclusion from this territory by
the act of Congress, which almost
every southern State in the Union has
declared she would not submit 10.
plainly e. practically enforced By this
biII.-A free people cannot be satisfied
with the mode In which they are de-
prived Of their rights. A sovereign
State will disdain to enquire in what
manner she is stripped Of her property.
and degraded from an eqnuIity with
her sister States.--It is enough, that
the outrage is done. The mode is Of
little consequences. There Is there
fore in the mode Of extending the
Wilmot Proviso over the the terrific
ry Of California presented by the bill,
nothing to mitigate the Indignation OF
the southern States, or 10 battle their
determination to redress the wrong
il inflicted. They are excluded from
the whole Territory of California. n
Territory extensive enough to contair
four large States.
Ifthe Constitution proposed by Califor.
mia contained nothing about slavery,
would the North allow her to enter the
posed for California al the last Congress.
bat they rejected them. because the South
was not excluded from this territory, in
express terms. The inhabitaats Of this
territory, have been LEFT without any civil
government, solely because the South
would moi consent 10 be legislated out Of
them with her institutions; and uow that
this Object is accomplished blythe Coast
tuition presented by California, these con.
advocates Of law and or
der-are eager to admit her, without right
or precedent into the Union. We arr
aware Of the inconveniences the inhahI-
tants Of California may have suffered f0r
want ofa civil government established By
Congress; and therefore, are prepared 10
weld much on account Of the circnmStah-
ces in which they have been P'aced
The next measure is in perfect keeping
with this 6rst feature Of 1he report Il
takes from TEXAS, territory sufficient iDr
tr,r large States, and adds them ta New
Mexico. What ihe bin contains with re.
spect 20 slavery viii be of h,tle conse-
Queuce. for Il 10 sdeaiguedthaf next winter
New Mexico thus constituted, shall f5fow
the, example ef California. and be admitted
as State With = COns,iiEtiou rxsiudinz
slavery from iis Hmils-flr vi hott sueh
exclusion she cannot hope 10 Be admitted
by The non n-slavehOlding siaisfi-t . The Un-
Ion. The effect viii b hat ierriiory, over
which slavery now exists, equal % two
STATES, w.l be wresied from TIE Souih,
and win Be gwen up 70 The noa.sarshald-