Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1850-07-06
DEBATE IN THE SENATE.
THE COMPROMISE Bill 1.
FRIDAY, JUNE %, 1850.

FRIDAY, JUNE %, 1901
On the mo,iop of Mr. CLAY the Senate resumed the con-
sderaon Of the special order OF the day Deing he Dill 70
tora, Governments for Utah and New Mexico and making
to Texas the establishment Of her western and
northern boundaries
The pending question the amendment OF Mr. SoULE.
Mr. DAVIS. of Mississippi. Mr. President, when the
senate adjourned yesterday about to offer state
ents 10 Senators relation to the amendment proposed by
the Senator Louisiana. That amendment is in accord
ance with compromise which gave peace to the
try during period Of intense excitement and resulted from
desire to the Union from danger, with which il
thought be seriously threatened cannot believe the dam
ger imminent then as it is Then there were
patriotic hearts Congress from every section Of the country
that to the upon this vital question Does sqcn
patriotism exist in the present Congress found IN na
Of 1890 Are there not those around who Will meet inns
question with the devoted patriotism which the crisis demands
and if need be- sacrifice themselves the good OF their coun
try II any other plan shall be presented which believe
would be final would terminate this dsactDg controversy,
and restore the fraternity that existed among our ahes
would make whatever personal sacrifice such plan woud
embrace At early OF the present session
my belief that the of the Missouri compromise was
the only basis upon which settlement could be made, and
all has anped from that to this has served to con-
firm me in that opinion. among those who supported
the raising of this committee that the bills then before the
Senate should be combined but with the hope that would
bring of Adjustment compromise, or settlement
which would receive from me an appreciation which could
not give those bills The hope that something would be
crievous disappointment Though is my purpose
to deain the Senate by general examination OF the BILL
may be permitted say that have found heterogeneous
features nothing command my support Southern man.
or who desires the restoration Of fraternity to this
public. in termination OF those elements OF dis
cord which disturb see beyond the same ques-
tions which now exist Beyond higher excitement
than that which surrounds and the distant vista Is enve
Hoped in gloom from the contemplation Of which turn so
rowful away. When the Missouri compromise adopted
in 1920 told yesterday, that and patriot
Mr.. Jefferson, said it but ropreve. Such sir it has
proved The repreve has expired and its extension is de-
MED Now the considered too extreme conces
from the North which then they enforced the South
Now the minority to be brought once to execution
Shall submit, shall resist This is question to
which freemen give but one answer Whaever may be
the result for one, feel myself bound to maintain, by every
my command, those constitutional rights which
am here represent II evil shall result from my course
upon the head Of others rest the responsibility How
sad may be its consequences to myself, II 1t Is my
fate to fall shall retain in my misfortune the conscientious
conviction of having done my duty representative, pa
trot, and as an honest man.
In the remarks propose offer upon this question: shall
direct myself other considerations than those broad and
neral which have been presented by Others and proba
bly, will be presented again. shall contend for this amend
ment measure of expediency, measure which is
written by the hand of upon the surface OF the country
for which propose to egislate; which is ind
Gated by the character of the people for whom about
provide governmental organization, and demanded by soil
climate, and productions agricultural and mineral The
fathers of this country neither unwse profane
deny the everything Providence whose neposng hand
often felt in shaping the destiny of the infant republic
And there be special nteposlion-a guardian
still think it is manifested in the identity of the geogra-
phcal and political considerations for the renewal Of the
pact the extension of the line of $50 so, which pre-
sened Never political considerations fully main
tanned by geographical In looking the map Of
California remarked by the Senator from Louisls
its unnatural boundaries most orcibly strike the eye Ex
tending impossible mountain barriers, including in one
plains which have other conneaion, and
embracing the whole coast the frontier marked
out for empire instead of State of the Conedeacy
though its purpose have distinct international policy,
TO the command Of the whole Of the
and of those vast countries which lie beyond it. and to control
the naval stations the Pacific, which greatly tended to
create desire for its acquisition by the United States Here
country, backed by covered mountains, broad
valley, with two rivers water, and coastpan connected
with it, Here is the natural demarcaton Of State the
side the Sacramento, and the other the San Joachim,
coming north and the south pour their treasures
the great enepot of the country, the harbor of San
Francisco their and only receptacle As well might
expect that the country watered by the Sacramento would
be united to the valley Of the Willamette, and become part
Of the Territory Of Oregon, that the country south of the
waters of San Joachim would be included n the State Of Ca
hornia Other motives doubt combined with this reason
induce the Delegates Of that part of the Territory object
TO the formation of State constitutions and the first operation
of which, learn from my correspondence that country,
has had such effect that of the south Of San
Luis Obpo they have held public meetings for the purpose
of peoning Congress fol Territorial alton and Gov
eminent.
But the point which promised to consider,
the geographical arguments for this political line Of $50 80.
At the intersection Of this parallel with the sea,
formed, the coast range Of mountains terminates in bold
pronontoy, that overhangs the thence eastward it
passes desert mountains the arid plain of the
Monterey ve and the valley through which the San
Joachim flows south Of the permanent tributaries Of that river
passing between its southern branches and those Of the Lake
Tuares; which, il is represented to does not
ally shown The maps regularly flow into the San Joachim
but only does when in time of eshe the flats its north
extending to the San Joachim overlooked Shut out from
the breeze this plain represented having almost
pca heat, and being fully occupied by quiet harmless
Of fishing Indians, whom the country particularly
adapted But if it passes into the hands Of those who
require commercial pors they must be sought in the South
distance and facility of route leave doubt that San Pedro
and San Diego San Francisco must be the ports Of this
section Them am not sustained when say that the hand
of nature has written this line upon the country in char
which might have been read before possessed by
man.
But again. the line Of $50 80 divides the pastoral and agr
cultural, the semtopica country from the mining and the
gangrowng regions of the north South Of this line
mine has proved productive. North of it. the pacers
which have, as BY magic drawn together the who seek
to constitute this State Leaving Monterey, which is about
six miles north of this parallel Of $50 3d. and following the
saved from the of desert by the dspidaed missions
which established by the kindness of New Spain, when
the country under thevceroyay For hundred miles
continue high arid plains unsuted for cultivation any other
purpose than for wide ranging focks and herds Passing
into the basin Of Lake Tuares there is plain which
tered BY small streams from the mountains, and which
supports considerable population Of peaceful Indians who
have high claim to the protective hand of Congress- which it
requires argument to show may be effectively