The New York herald., 1850-08-06

penalty fog infraction of this law is fixed al not
less than two, nor more than FIVE pounds, for each
psssenger IN excess OF the proper number. Before
ship Is allowed TO clear out, she must be surveyed
under the direction of the Government Emigration
Agent, al the expense of the owner chlrterer,
and certified 10 be in all respects seaworhy aud
ht Tor her nteudetNoyage. ltis furthermore pro.
vided by the Passenger Act of 1919, the 18th aud
l3h Victoria, cap 33, - that there shall not be
more than two tiers of berths on any one deck in
any su h passage ship. and that the interval be-
tween the floor of the berths and the deck or plat.
form immediately beneath them shall not be
less than six inches; that the berlhs shall be
securely constructed, aud of dimensions not less
than aiier the rate OF SIX feet in length aud
eighteen inches in width for each passenger, and
that persons of different sexes, above the age of
for,t- en-, unless husband and wife, shall not be
placed in the same berth" In addition TO- and irre-
spectve OF any provisions of their own, which pas
sepgers may take on board, the captain " shall
make 10 each passenger, during tue voyage, in-
cluding the time of detention, if any, at any place
or port, before the termination of the voyage the
following issues Of pure water and sweet and
Wholesome provisions; namely, at least three
quarts of water daily, and Of provisions at the rate
per week of "a lbs. of bread or biscuit, not nfe-
flour. 8 lbs of oatmeal, 2 lbs. of rice ounces of
tea, h. of sugar, and Id. OF molasses; such is
sues to be made in advance, and not less often
than twIce week" 1t is at the option of the cap
tains and owners to substitute good and sound po-
tatoes for either the oatmeal rice, in the pro-
portion of five pounds of potatoes one pound of
oatmeal or rice; but store of potatoes Is bulky,
and does not keep so well as rice and oatmeal,
this arrangement is very seldom made II is also
optional, AT Liverpool, and in any Irish or Scotch
port, 10 substitute oatmeal for the whele, or any
part of the rice. This allowance is considered very
fair and liberal; bat | learned from several Of
the captains the poor people are often TOO ignorant
to know what to do with the particular kind offood
provided for them. One captain informed me-and
his statement was confirmed by so many others
TO appear TO be a notorious fact-that not above
one-half, or even third, of the poor emigrants
know the use of tea and that it is uncommon
thing TO see an lIishman survey his allowance of
tea for awhile, and then till his pipe with portion,
and smoke ii with evident satisfaction. Nor do
Irish engrants, as body, appear to be any better
acquainted with the uses of rice. They continu-
ally to ask how they are TO use it. was informed
OF one man, who, after receiving his oatmeal, his
rice, his molasses, his sugar, and his tea, very
quie ily set about and boiled up the whole mixture
tea and all-into thick soup or pudding, beauti-
fully specked with expanded tea leaves.
The arrangements for the health ofthe passengers
are necessarily of the most stringent kind. The
poorer Class of Irish emigrants at the best Of m,s
are hthy in their persons, and appe ar to have but
a very small sense of cleanliness and proprety.
When sea-sickness Overtakes them, their utter
prosration OF body and mind aggravates every
duty habit which they may have formed. To en-
force cleanliness Is, therefore, a most necessary
part OF the captains duty, and he is obliged for the
sake of all on board to enact the stern, unyieldng
despot. A surgeon or other duly qualified medical
man must be taken on board every ship that carries
above 100 passengers But even in ships that clear
out, with fewer number, medical man is usually,
ifnot always, engaged for the voyage, as matter of
precaution and expediency, if not of strict and COM
pulsory duty To enforce order and Gle inlines on
board the captain either selects dozen or two of
the most respectable and intelligent of the passen-
gers, whom he invests with magisterial authority
for the voyage, or invites the passengers to elect
their own monitors. This plan is generally found
to its purposes and whether nominated by the
suocratc will and pleasure the captain, elect
cd hxf nft
Office bearers have in most cases, liDle no diff
Guilty IN enforcing their authority, sanitary and
gene raj police.
AS gratifying and striking proofs of the prospe-
the United Ststes and Of their regard for and care
Of the relatives whom they may have left behind
them in the 4" old country" am enabled to state
the following particulars. II is pretty generally
understood that the Irish in America send home
small sums by almost every packet that reaches
Liverpool, to be transmitted through the various
emigration agents and others, TO their relatives
in Ireland. These sums are principally intended
to pay their passage to America, the land of pro-
mise-but to the senders Of this money, land of
realities. In the course of the year these small
remittances run up te very considerable sum.
Few, however, know the aggregate amount. i
had occasion some time ago in Ireland, when
visiting large union workhouse, containing
between 1000 and 5000 inmates, to inquire
# many such sum: found found; their way to
informed that from six TO eight per-
sons weekly on an average were enabled to
leave the workhouse by this means, and TO pay
their passage over TO America. The captain OF
one American liner informed me Of another highly
erati, ing fact Of the nature, Of which he was
personally cognizant. Several years ago, among
the emigrsnts on board Of his ship were two we'll
behaved Irish girls, who were going to New York
to try their fortsnes as domestic servants. Being
pleased with their appearance and their testimo-
mails of good conduct, he took them into his own
family, where they have since remained.
Eram ne Ia m
email sums, sufficient 10 convey from Liverpool TO
tie United States no less than thirteen persons,
including their father mother brothers and sisters,
and cousins to the third and fourth remove. That
such instances are by means uncommon, the
following hpures will prove. have before me the
returns furnished by five well-known agency houses
in Liverpool Of the amount OF money Transmitted
to them from New York, in small sums varying
from E2 or c3 to CI0 and GO, and seldom exceed
lag The last named sum-the whole OF IL intended
for the benefit Of persons In Great Britain and Ire
land, but principally in ireland, to enable them to
emIgrafe TO the United States. The first house,
having the smallest business in this way, received
between the Let Of January, 1919, and the 9th OF
March, Is5O-or a little more than fourteen months
the sum Of E6, t25 lbs. 3D., for transmission to
Ireland, exclusive Of drafts on Eogand. the amount
Of which was unable to ascertain. The number
Of drafts 93i oran average Of c3 Is. 5ld each
The second house received, IN the same period OF
fourteen months, the sum Of ca 65S I2s ID, in
Z. lse drafts, or average Of c3 l9s. Sid. each,
all for Ireland, and exclusive of drafts payable in
Liverpool, and in other parts Of England. The
third house received in the same way, from the
let Of January, lSi9 to the LIST Of Jsnu iry, 1850,
the Of c53 279 Is. 3D., in l3 i2j drafts, or an
average q f3 l9s AID. The fourth house received
in the year 1915 the sum Of c5l 62s and in the year
1919, ending the Ist Of January, $50, the sum Of
E7262S, or an increase over the former year Of
f21, 600. am not enabled to state the number Of
drafts, but taking the average Of the other houses
something less than 81 each, and calculating in
the same way, the number would be found with
tolersble accuracy, and would amount 10 Is, 175.
The fifth house received from the 1st Of January,
1879 to the let of January, 1850, the sum of
transmission to ireland. This, in the same
average Of the amounts, would give the total
number of drafts at 40,5i2. From the house
Of Barring Brothers nd Co., which is sup
posed on competent authority to do a business
etiil larger than the whole Of the five here mem
toned no return has been received, but il is gene
rally stated that their average receipts Of this kind
amount annually TO nearly half million. These
six are far from being the only houses that are