The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-03-05

that the two sections in the Senate, should the enort
Territories succeed will stand before the end OF the de
cade, tweny-one northern States to fourteen southern
considering Delaware as neutral and forty north
ern senators to twenty y-eght southern This great IN
crease OF SENATOR'S added TO the great increase OF mem
bers OF the House Of Representatives and electoral col
lege on the part Of the North which must take place
under the next decade, will efecually and rreuevably
destroy the equilibrium which existed when the govern
ment commenced
Had this destruction been the operation OF time with
out the nterierence oil government the South would
have had no reason to complaint but such was not the
fact 1t caused by the legislation Of this government
which was appointed y e common % agent @ o. al. ana
OF all The Legislation by which il has been effected may
be cassed under three heads The first is that series Of
by which the South has been excluded from the com
mon territory belonging all OF the Staes, the
bers Of the federal Union, and which have had the effect
OF extending vastly the portion allotted TO the northern
secon AMI restricting within narrow limits the portion
left the South; the next consists in adopting sys-
tenn OF revenue and disbursements by which an undue
proportion OF the burden Of taxation has been imposed
upon the South and an undue proportion OF its proceeds
appropriated TO the North and the last is system OF
political by which the original character of the
government has been radically changed propose to
few remarks. with the view of showing that i is owing
to the action OF this government that the equilibrium be-
tween the two sections has been destroyed, and the
whole powers of the system centred in sectional
The first Of the series Of acts by which the South was
deprived Of its due share OF the Territories originated
with the confedeacy which preceded the existence OF this
government is to be found in the provision OF the or
dinance of 1857 Its effect to exclude the South
trey from that vast and fertile region which lies be.
tween the Ohio and the Mississippi rivers. now embra-
cling five States and Territory. The next of the
res is the Missouri compromise, which excluded the
South from that large portion o. Louisiana which es
the State of Missouri The last of the series excluded
the South from the whole Of the Oregon Territory All
Territories and not free soil that is Territories belong
ing to slavehod powers and open to the emigration OF
masters with their slaves By these several acts, the
South excluded from .2sso25 square miles, an ex
tent Of country considerably exceeding the entire valley
of the Mississippi To the South was left the portion OF
the territory OF Louisiana lying south OF SO deg 80 min,
sour-the portion lying south OF SO deg. 80 min in
cluding the States of Louisiana and Arkansas, and the
territory lying west of the latter and south Of SO deg 80
min, called the Indian country These, with the Ter
rory OF Florida, now the State, make the whole 1885,,
500 square miles. To this must be added the territory
acquired with Texas II the whole should be added 10
the southern section, II would make increase OF 325-
! $40, which would make the whole lett to the South
6os,023 But large part OF Texas is still in confess
between the two sections which leaves u uncertain what
be left TO the South.
have moi included the territory recently acquired by
the treaty with Mexico. The North is making the most
strenuous efforts 10 appropriate the whole 10 herself by
excluding the South from every foot OF it, II she should
succeed it will add TO that from which the South has al
ready been excluded $685. 07S square miles, and would in
the whole which the North has appropriated TO her.
self TO O23, including the portion that she may
succeed in excluding us from in Texas To sum up the
whole the United States, since they declared their nde
pendence, have acquired 1878 0l6 square miles OF
tory, from which the North will have excluded the
South. i she should succeed in monopolzng the newly
acquired Territories, about three fouhs OF the whole
leaving to The South but about onef fourth.
Such is the first and great cause that has destroyed the
equilibrium between the two sections in the government
The next the system oil revenue and disbursements
which has been adopted by the government II is well
known that the government has derived It's revenue man
y from duties Imports shall not undertake 10 show
M duaa fall mai
porting States, and that the South. the great exporting
portion OF the Union has 10 reality paid vastly than
her due proportion oi the revenues because deem un-
necessary the subject has so many occasions been
fully discussed Nor shall /, for the reasons under
take TO show that lar greater portion OF the revenue has
been dbursed at the North than its due share and tina
joint effect OF these has been TO transfer
amount from South 10 Norh which, under an equal sys
OF revenue and disbursements would not have been
lost 10 her II this be added that many OF the duties
imposed, not for revenue, but for Is
intended to put money, not IN the treasury. but directly
oto the pocket OF the manufacturers conception
may be formed OF the immense amount which, in the long
yurse oil sixty years. has been transferred from South
TO North There data by which it can be eslima
ted with any certainty but e safe 10 say that amounts
10 hundreds OF millions OF dollars Under the most mod
crate estimate, would be sufficient TO add greatly to
the wealth OF the Norh and thus greatly increase her
population by attracting emigration from all quarters to
that section.
This combined with the great and primary cause, am.
ply explains why the North has acqueda peponderance
every department OF the government BY its dspro-
pOrt0nae increase OF popualloh anu Inc IOf.
mer, as has been shown, has increased ~ fifty years
100000 over that OF the South This increase OF popu
alion during long period, is satisfactorily account
ed Tor by the number OF grants and the increase OF
their descendants which have been attracted TO the north
ern section from Europe and the South in consequence
OF the advantages derived from the assigned II
they had not existedif the South had retained all the
capital which has been extracted from her by the fiscal
action OF the government and il il had not been excluded
by the ordinance Of 81 and the Missouri compromise
from the region lying between the Ohio and the Mssis
sppi rivers and between the Mississippi and the Rocky
north OF 80 deg 80 mint scarcely admits Of
doubt that il would have divided the emigration with
the North, and by retaining her own people, would have
al least equaed the North In population under the
OF $780, and probably under that about be taken She
would aso she had retained her equal rights IN those
Territories, have maintained equality in the number
of States with the North, and have preserved the equ
mencement OF the government The loss, then, OF the
equbrium is 10 be attributed 10 the action OF this gov
ernment
But while these measures destroying the equilib
rum between the two sections the action OF the govern
men leading 10 radical change in its character, BY
concentrating all the power OF the system in itself The
will not permit TO trace the measures by which
this great change has been consummaied III II did, II
wouId not be difficult 10 show that the process
menced at early period OF the government; that il
proceeded almost without interruption, step by step.
Ill il absorbed virtually its entire powers but without go-
ing through the whole process TO establish the fact il
may be done satisfactorily by very short statement
That the government claims, and practically maintains
the right TO decide in the last resort the extent o
it's powers will scarcely be denied BY any conversan
with the political history OF The country That also
claims the right TO resort to force 10 maintain whatever
power she claims, against all opposition, is equally