The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-03-13

Is rsso u representation and axson; and. secondly
sasss Hs ccassa,on Jssisnsay mentions slaves no a.
slaves. much lees y chaels. but psrons That this
,ecosnoa q them = psssons was designed i historical
two q the manifold pools First John jay ID the Fed
esalisi. says:
lie, the the slaves be considered. - il il in uh
Ss maaa sSopsS dssi hs q
iHAabsHfs batas debased below the equal level free
nhs y H. nn regards Tue slave ss dvssd q wo
Yes ftwo-f,hs, but Of only two 6fhs leaving sill
three hf!hs; leaving the slave still an per-
son-a living. breathing. moving. reasoning. immortal
The other proof Is from the debates in he convention
Il Is brief. and think instructive; @ " WHY,
"Asgsss ~. l1s7.Mr. Bu,ler and Mr. Finckney moved
to REQUIRE fugitive slaves and servants 70 be delivered
"MI Wilson. This would oblige the executive oi the
Mr Sherman saw no more proprsy Ia the public seIz-
'sss s e Asa s :om.
o.ss I. . s s
bound service abo! any Uaicd
States shall escape into another State he or she shall be
s Sac so = wRsS
shall " delivered ap % the jus. claiming
ssasion sAs a ,hs ;sr,n isss :. s;ssss
he word STATE. In compliance with ,hd wshss q some
who thought The term sEap eqniy9ca and Ayosins the
INadiso~s Debate, yp 4s5, 4s2
deem il established, then. that the conslitnon does
s i bat leaves ha
tons That law expounded BY valtel. j. founded in
the Of things When God had created hs earth
with its wonderful adaptations He gave dominion over
to absolute human dominion. The title Of that do
minon thus bestowed would have been incomplete the
lord Of at terrestrial things could himself have been the
The right TO have slave implies the right in soma one
to make the slave that right must be equal and mutual.
and this would resolve society into state 81 perpetual
and grant also the constitutional recognition of slaves
property, still the argument we considering fails; be-
States Is the constitution oi The people q the Unisd
States. s4s ssssss
But even if the States continue as States, they sur.
selves to the sway Of the numerical majority, with quail
fcaons chccks-6rst Of the representation Of three
fhs Of slaves in the ratio OF representation and taxa
on and secondly. Of the equal representation Of States
The proposition Of an established classification Of States
into n @ northern and :o ss msnsansd 81 others seems
70 me purely imaginary. and Of course the supposed equi
brium Of those classes mere conceit This must be
the thirteen States were slave States and 70 there was
equilibrium. And TO the classification Of States
northern States and southern States. It's the mainte
tude that makes 1 southern State and The Absence Of
this that makes il northern State. And all the States
one were southern States and there was no squ-
southern and northern States. but Tor States neither
northern southern western States their coming
in being foreseen and provided for. t y .sN
It needs iiie gumsn, 70 show that the idea o joint
stock association, or copaIneshp - applicable even
BY its anaoges % the United States erroneous. with all
States political Slate, organized society, whose
end is government for the sscutity. welfare, and happ
ness Of all who live under its projection The theory
mere spols OF conquest On the contrary OF theory 50
debasng, the preamble Of the constitution not only asses
the sovereignty be not in the States but in the people,
but also promulgales the objects OF the constitution
"we. the people Of the United stases. In order 70 form
more perfect usos. establish Jsse insure domssfic fvan-
s.s s.a and a. s he s Ss DO oasa
and establish This constitution
Objects sublime and benevolent They exclude the
very idea Of conquess 10 be either divided among States
or even enjoyed BY them for the purpose Of securing
the blessings OF liberty. but the evils OF slavery There
is novelty in the principle OF the compromise which
simultaneously with the establishment Of the constiu
tion Virginia ceded the United States her domain
which then extended 70 the M!ssssspp and % was even
ceped IT, and unanimously devoted the domain 10 freedom,
the language from which the ordinance 20 severe
" condemned borrowed. Five States have already
been organized on this domain, from ell OF which, in
pursuance of that ordinance, slavery 10 excuded How
did i happen that this theory Of the equality Of States
States, Of the title Of the States 70 common enjoyment
Of the domain or to equitable and just partition be-
tween them, was never promulgated nor even dreamed
Save Stacss WhSh ua"aisnfouSy s'Sc"se~ "
that ordinance .N
There il another aspect OF the principle of compromise
which deserves consideration II assumes that slavery,
il not the only Institution in slave State, u At least
ruling institution, and that this characteristic was recog
nised by the constitution. But slavery s only ous oil
many institutions there; freedom IL equally m institution
there. Slavery 10 only tempory, accidental, partial
and incongruous one Freedom. on the contrary. IL
perpetual organic, universal one, in harmony with the
constitution OF the United States The stakeholder him.
self stands under the protection OF the laer IN common
with all the free citizens Of the State. But i e more
over, an indispensable institution You may separate
slavery from South Carolina, and the State still remains;
but IL you subve freedom there, the State will cease TO
exist But the principle OF this compromise gives com
pleie ascendency the slave State and 10 the consita
and incongruous institution IFS paramount anlaso-
mist To reduce this claim for slavery TO an absurdy
Il il only necessary TO add that there only two states
in which slaves majority, and not one N winch
the shareholders not very disproportlonae m,nouy
But there yet another aspect 10 which TINS principe
must be examined Il regards the domain only as POS
session. 10 be enjoyed either in common or by paron py
the citizens OF the old States Il true, indeed that tne
national domain is ours II is true Il was acquired ~ the
valor and the wealth of the whole nahon but we nod,
nevertheless no arbitrary power over T. We hoidno
arbitrary authority over anything, whether acquitted
lawfully or by usurpaton Inc constitution regulates
our Stewardship the constitution devoes the domain TO
union TO Justice 10 defence, 10 welfare. and 10 liberty
But there is higher law than the constitution, which
regulates our authority the domain, and devoes TO
the same noble purposes The territory is part IN
considerable part, Of the common heritage o mankind,
bestowed upon them BY the Creator Of the Universe We
are his wards, and must discharge trust 10
the highest affainabIe degree their happiness