The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1850-06-20

cluy, nothing certain IL known since the POSITIVE
declaration Of Austria, that she would consider
an attack on Tuscany equivalent to one on her
self This is an alliance Of two insolvents against
a constable. If England will turn herself into q
bum-bailiff for the collection Of debts, she must
expect to find occasionally manor where resist
ance is fanced TO be right.
England is now menacing Naples with a de-
monstration after the fashion Of the one against
Greece, in order to compel the compensation OF
her subjects whose property was destroyed in the
recent troubles in Sicily. The feet Of Admiral
Parker may be used in this case also, il Naples
does not keep her promises in this matter, No
positive act has yet taken place but the negotia-
tions are said to have taken a most threatening
tone. England is presenting herself everywhere
with overdue notes in one hand, aud pistol in
the other. PAY or be shot," is her war cry.
SWITZERLAND.
The tactics of the reaction in the last election
eering campaign were very able they consisted
in adopting the banners and principles of the
Liberals, aud shouting louder than they for the
National independence and honor Leaders who
were obnoxious TO the people, on account of their
connection with the old Sonderbond, effaced them
selves from view during the struggle. This plan
was approved, if not Segiscl 6y he diYtaaa& fsss
of the absolute Powers Considerable sums of
money were furnished by mysterious hands for
the corruption of the election, and the reputed
bribery is so extensive, that ffty-two of the sue
cessful candidates of the Sonderbond fud their
seats contested The influence of foreign intrigues
ON the elections in Switzerland, and the immense
Importance to the reaction Of classifying the ex-
preston Of the popular will in Switzerland were
admirably demonstrated in the opening speech Of
the President of the late Swiss Assembly. 4
HOLLAND.
The only news from this country is the pre-
sentation Of bill by M. Thorbecke, the leading
Minister for the extension Of the right of snf-
frage, by the lowering of the property qualifca-
ton The same bill provides for the division OF
the State into electoral districts, in such man.
ner as to cause the most violent opposition among
the Catholic clergy. According to these gentle.
men, the bill has been drawn up so as to favor
the Professionals at their expense. If they can
show that the bill will not secure fair express
sion of the will of the majority it should be modi
fed but there is no doubt Of its passage. Aside
from this alleged injustice, it is encouraging TO
ed ~ t~as-, IF "thp- sfastries. N~a--,.sirs
while those Of France are .retrograding.. 1t is .
r. -Isauao Iarss ,naN lns nhnrs&s nt,,I ge,sin
power in France that moment his liberalism be-
gins to vanish Some attribute this to an inhe-
rent fckleness and love of power inherent in the
French character, but, certainly, the immense
patronage and arbitrary power attached 10 the
Office of French Minister is sufficient TO account
for the change, without surprising snch faults in
The national character. The French centraliza-
ton system is enough to corrupt almost any man
in fact, there are few Americans who would come
out pure from French Ministry An effectual
way to prevent man from getting dizzy On a
height, is to level the height
CIRCASSIA.
The inhabitants of the mountains near the
Caspian sea are genuine Hotspurs, always prompt
to quarrel with Russia. With them, too, the
blow goes before the word. At the first news,
some months ago, of the hospitality offered to
Kossuth in Turkey, and the expected war be-
tween that Power and Russia, the Circassian
chiefs held meeting in some cavern, and re-
solved to aid Turkey by all the means in their
power. According to the logic Of these warlike
men, the less time wasted in sending down to
Constantinople to know if their aid was needed,
the better They determined to 90 to fighting at
once, and send an ambassador to the Sultan to
tell him that he must commence on his side. No
sooner resolved on than done. The Circassians
have been fighting ever since, like born devils,
under the leadership of chief named Chamyl
Bey, who is the William Wallace Of Circassa
if half said of him is true, numerous skirmishes
and battles have been fought, and the war is still
raging furiousy, although quite unnoticed in this
part Of the world.
PUBLIC INsTRUCrION AND THE CLERGY.
The relation of the Clergy in Europe to Public
instruction merits few words. II has been the
policy of most Of the Governments TO p7Acs the
control of common school education party in the
hands Of the Clergy, who have always oontended
for the monopoly. This is true of both Catholic
and Protestant countries. A continual struggle
has thus been kept up between the Clergy and the
Minister of Public Instruction in each State. The
recent alliance of the French Clergy and reaction
party has broken down, in great measure, the
monopoly of the State for the benefit of the Clergy
But in Belgium, the organic law on education,
which has already passed the Chamber Of Dep
uties, and is under discussion in the Senate, will
wound vitality the influence Of the Clergy. All
the bishops and archbishops have sent to the Sem
ate solemn protest against the bill In Sweden,
a law has just been passed. on this subject, quite
as unfavorable to the Clergy, who have also pro-
tested. King Oscar has taken no notice Of their
protest, but has ordered the law to be enforced
throughout his dominions In Austria, the in
creased power given by the Government to the
Clergy has occasioned much discomfort among
the people.
PIEDMONT.
The case of the Archbishop of Turin has been
exciting revolt against the laws of the land, and
sentenced to one months imprisonment and five
hundred livres fine. The Archbishop refused to
90 to the trial. and declared that if he were taken
by force il would be necessary to drag him every
foot of the way In these circumstances, the court
decided not to compel him to come, and condemned
him by default after hearing all the proof and after
a verdict of guilty by the jury. The verdict and
sentence are fully sustained by public sentiment,
which condemns severely the ecclesiastical At
tempt at revolt. The Archbishop has the sympa-
thy of the high Clergy of Piedmont, one of whom
has initiated his example by addressing circular
TO the Clergy of his diocese, commanding them
70 refuse all obedience to the constituted powers.
After this act of bravsdo, in full conformity, il
must be confessed, with the Popes instructions to
the Piedmont Clergy, in the famous epistle ooun-
tersigued by Cardinal Antonelli, and addressed to
the Piedmont Government, Bishop Varecini at
tempted 10 escape, but he has been detained and
indicted The King Of Piedmont shows that he
is not inclined TO humor the absurd claims OF the
Romish hierarchy.
M. Montalembert and other defenders Of Cath
olcism in France, have got mp subscription in
order TO purchase cross Of solid gold TO be trans
mitted to the A rchbishop Of Turin, as testimony
of their admiration for his rebellion against the
laws Of Piedmont And yet, M. Montalembert
is one of the most furious defenders of law and
order in France.
Some sensation was produced at Turin last
week, by motion made in the Chamber of Depu-
ties, BY NJ Brofferio for The abolition OF all the
foreign Legations of Piedmont lie took the
ground that these Legations were useless, to say
the least sometimes hurtful, and always very ex-
pensive They are certainly very serious bur-
dens on the treasury Of a country like Piedmont
whose relations with foreign countries are not OF
such importance as to demand resident ministers
at foreign courts The relations Of the United
States with most of the countries OF Europe are
not so pressing as those Of Piedmont, bat we are
rich enough to support the folly, and Piedmont Is
not W.
HuSKERIsM in the free States finds warm pat
ron in the Washington Uaion Ii rejoces over