New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1850-11-20


S9 g,. sr Now Mexico and Utah without the Pro-
plI's the South triumphed by the liberal, mag
w. ;oons and patriotic aid Of Northern Mem-
II is true that while the honor OF the South
:" tbat respect is perfectly preserved, she may
- enjoy the privilege OF transporting slaves
~ s;ther California Utah, or New Mexico; bat
" bc never can whose fault is it Not that OF
= Sa1e,ress which has cautiously abstained from all
eyobibitions and has adopted the principle OF non
Intnryention. 1t has lett New Mexico and Utah
t+arfantlv free When they come respectively to
nyy1 for themselves State Governments to admit
M exclude Slavery as they shall deem best for
heir own happiness, and, whether admitted or
excluded, constituents, upon their being
Jar admission into the onion they are to be re-
ceiyed as members OF the confederacy. In re-
gard 70 Calitornia-by her Constitution and not
Nv Congress has she excluded Slayery-the vote
ri her Convention interdicting it is unanimous
nearly one third of the delegates themselves be-
ing from Slaveholding States In so deciding
for themselves they acted in perfect conform
ity with every sound princip pie of the the.
DRY and practice which has ever prevailed
in this country, and in entire accordance
with the highest Southern authority 1 ASKED
.hem-if there is blame, who IS to De re
preached for the exclusion OF Slavery IN CALIFORNIA;
New Mexico and Utah? Not Congress, most az
suredly-the reproaches must be directed against
the people of California, for the exercise OF their
incontestable right, and against Nature and n a.
snres God for irrevocabe decree against the intro.
dnction ofsavery intot the mountainous, barren and
most Improbable regions OF New Mexico ana
Utah. Ifthese unsurmountabe obstacles can be
overcome, tho people OF these territories are less
s,oe IN introduce slavery Il they think proper, but
candor obliges to say, that think It never VIII
he introduced there. The most difficult, compll,
Gated and embarrassing question which engaged
pur deliberations is that Of the boundary OF Texas
Three different opinions in regard to 1t pre-
I'D entertained by responsible
members according to one of the western limits OF
Texas is the Nuces, and did not extend beyond
IT. another opinion maintained that 1t stretched
beyond the Nuoes to Rio del Norte aad up that
river from its mouth to the southern line OF New
Mexico; the third opinion held that it embraced
The whole country east OF the Rio del Norte from
its mouth to its head including nearly ali New.
Mexico. All these opinions were maintained
with greatplausibility, If not ability. The South
ern Members almost unanimously, and with great
zeal and earnestness, urged the last opinion IL
appeared to me that il ever there was case upon
earth in which disputed boundary should be set
tied and amicably adjusted by compromise, That
Texas was one. w OFFER it is true, very large
sum of money-ten milli0ns-for exclusion OF
New.Mexico from her limits but then we were
previously bound to the extent OF nearly onehall
ihat sum to creditors of Texas, in consequence OF
fhe U. S. having in virtue the resolution OF annex.
alton appropriated to themselves all the duties oil
foreign imports receivable in the ports OF Texas,
whilst Independent, which had been previously
pledged to their creditors Texas, therefore, does
not in fact receive more than about five millions
OF dollars for the REIMBURSEMENT OF her territorial
claims | voted with great pleasure Tor the ap,
preparation Of the money, because | hoped and
believed it would be honestly and bonafedy ap
piled to the extinction of her public debt and to
her consequent relief from all pecunary embar-
easements and, Mr. Speaker, wish that we had
some legitimate ground to advance to every debtor
State in the Union sum sufficient to pay oil It's
debts and restore it credit wherever that credit
has been furnished. VIC are all members OF the
one glorious Confederation, and should be most
happy to see every State stand upright and honor
ably in the general Confederacy and commanding
the esteem the confidence and the appreciation OF
the underworld. II any one state act unworthlly
in reference to her public debts her conduct brings
more or less reproach upon the whole coniederacy.
! will at present say nothing. may here
after have occasion to say somethdS III re
spect to the fugitive slave BILL except
that it the aim OF the provisions winch are EN-
braccd in it to give fair and fuller eiiicaclous Ell
feet to the constitutional provision Tor surrender OF
1ugtives. No one was hard enoughupon the floor OF
the Senate to deny the rights oil owners OF fugitive
slaves in virtue ofthe Constitution to he restored TO
his property The only difference OF opinion is as to
,1he mode OF eecting that object, but the moment
fhe Constitutional right is conceded everything IS
Welded and all will admit that the Constitutional
fulIv, etfectually, and not exclusively and
inodeouatelv perform the last measures IN
1Le series of that abolishing the Slave trade
in the District of Columbia that trade has
lost much of its extent by the retrocesslon to
Virginia, and that of the District OF 20,
lumbie lying south OF the Potomac ana
bv other events 1t is reduced ! thlnk
was informed to Il single prison or depot
IN which slaves were deposited These slaves
were not in the District but were brought chlct-
~ from Maryland aud Virginia into the Dis
trict 1t was trade in which the inhabitants
OF the District had no sort OF mterest-on
the contrary, they wished it abolished. South
ern Governments years ago had express
ed the opinion that it ought TO be abolished 1t
sometimes exhibited the institution oil Slavery
in one of its most banefu and unpleasant forms
| have myself SEEN not often or lately, gangs
of slaves chained together drawn through
Pcnnsvlvana-avenue, and what human person
can contemplate such spectacle without pain.
full feelings The existence OF the trade gives
rise to great camor and great exaggeratlon Mt the
North Why should it be continued in the Dis
1rict why not let the trader II he chooses 10 con
tinue to prosecute his business to go TO Al
exandria to Richmond, to Annapolis or Baltl,
more. i( the States of Virginia and Maryland will
not allow him to go there, that is no reason
WHY he should be tolerated IN the district 1t IS
within the clear and indisputable power OF Con
gress to abolish the trade by putting an end to It,
Congress has done no more than kentucky IN
forbidding trading in Slaves as merchandise than
the State of Missouri has done, which inserted
in her Constitution a similar prohibition than
many other Slave holding States have done
The law which has passed does not touch or
effect in the slightest degree the institution
of Slavery as it exists within the district 1t
does not prevent the inhabitants from selling or
otherwise alleviatmg their slaves; 1t does not
prevent them even from going out OF the District
purchasing slaves and bringing them in for their
own use The law is mere regulation of police
called for by all the considerations which can
unite it in the passage Of any law which, in the
absence OF all passion, excitement and asita
lion of all important men, would concur
Such, Mr. Speaker, is bret account OF the system
of measures recommended by the Committee Of