Weekly national intelligencer., 1850-06-15

State Of Texas with the consent of the Sate, and any
pleases for the Territory of New Mexico without her consent
occupying myself with the que of title power
bot with the question of possession onyand how far the
possession of New Mexico to be disturbed if disturbed at
ALL by the committees line and the effect of that disturbance
rousng the slavery question IN that quarter In that point
the fact possession every thing for the possessor
has right what he holds until the question of title is de-
cded-by law, in question between individuals or commu-
mites in land Of law and orderor by negotiation or arms
between independent Powers. the phrase possession
by New Mexico but it is only brevy and to give oca
ty the term possession New Mexico possesses terrific
y she is territory and belongs to the United States and
the United States own her she stood on the day OF
peace and cesson between the United States and the Re-
public of Mexico and tits into that possession that inquire
and up which assert that the United States have right
to hold until the question Of title is decided And to save
INJURY doubt and show that the committee totally
mistaken in law in assuming the consent of Texas be IN
dispensabe the settlement of the title there are three
ways settle the first and best by compact as proposed
before Texas annexed aAd again by bill OF this year
by suit the Supreme Court under that clause in the
constitution which extends the judicial power Of the United
States to all controversies which the United States is
party. and that other clause which gives the Supreme Court
original jurisdiction Of all to which State party
the third way for the United States to give government
New Mexico according the territory she possessed when
she ceded the United States. These are the three
ways settle the quesion-one Of them totally dependant on
the will of Texas-one totally Independent OF her willard
independent Of her will until she chooses to into court
AS any thing that Texas New Mexico may do IN taking
or relnquishipg possession, il is all moonshine. New
Mexico is territory Of the United States She the pro-
pey of the United States and she cannot dispose OF herself
any part herself nor Texas take her. any part of
her. She is stand she did the day the United States
acquired her and to that point all my examinations are
directed
proceed with the possession Of New Mexico, and show
that has been actual and continuous from the conquest of
the country by Don Juan de Onate in 1885, to the present
time That ancient actual has already been shown
at the starting point of the ne-at Ell Paso del Norte will
show to be the throughout the continuation of
the line the Puerco and its valley, and points
the left bank Of the Del Norte below Ell Paso. And first
Of the Pueco river Il rises in the latitude Of Santa Fe and
in its immediate neighborhood, only ten miles from il, ard
running south falls the Rio del Norte about three hun
dred miles straight line below Ell Paso, and has valley
Of its own between the mountain range the west which
divides from the valley Of the Del Norte, which it is paa
lei and the high arid table land the east called Ell ano
Esacado-he Staked Pain-whch divides il from the head
Of the Red river the Colorado the Brasos and other
Texan streams 1t is long river its head being in the
latitude of Nashve-s mouth degree and half south of
New Orleans II washes the base Of the high table land and
receives auen and has valley that side on the
west it has valley and many bold afuents, coming down
from the mountain range, (he Sierra Obscura, the Sierra
Blanca and the Sierra de los Ogano which divide from
the valley Of the upper Del Nore. is valuable for its
length, being thousand miles, following its windngs-om
its course which is north and southom the quality of its
water, derived from high mounainsom its valley, timber
ed and grassy part ae good for cultivation for pasturage
and salt It has climates, cold in the north from its a
tude 900 fee-mid in the south from its great descent
not less than 5000 feet, and with general ameoraon
climate over the valley OF the Lei Norte from
the east and mountain shelter the west II is
river of New Mexico, and is classified in geography.
1t old possession of New Mexico and the most vau
able part of it. and has many Of her towns and villages
upon it. Las Vegas, Galnas Tecolote Abajo, Cuesta,
Pecos San Miguel Anton Chico, Salinas Gran Quivira,
all upon it. Some Of these towns date their origin
far back the first conquest of the Taos Indians about
the year 1900 and have historical interest, and
special relation to the question of title between New Mexico
and Texas Pecos the old village of the Indians of that
name, famous for the sacred fire long kept burning there
for the of Montezuma. Gran Quivra consider
able mining town under the spaniards before the year
1880, when it broken up in the great Indian revolt
Of that year. Dr. Wislzenus thus speaks of it, June
ls46 J
Wthn the last few years several Americans and French
the renat.d bey ee AZ least to the exStenee
aqueduct, about miles in lengh, to the still standing
walls of several churches the sculpture of the Spanish coat
of and spacious pits supposed be silver
mines. 1t doubt Spanish mining town and is
not unlikely that destroyed in $780, the general and
successful nurecton Of the Indians in New Mexico against
the Spaniards.'
Las Salinas the salt lakes in the valley of the Puerco
about one hundred miles southeast from Santa F and where
the people Of New Mexico have obtained their salt from the
settlement of the country to the present day This is what
DR.. Wiszenus says Of these places > H.
"About four days travelling (probably 100 mes south
southeast of Santa extensive salt lakes Sal
mas from which all the salt New procured
Large there every year from Santa Fe the dry
and return with much they transport They
exchange generally bushe of salt tor Indian corn
or sell it fdr one, aud even two dollars bushel."
San Miguel twenty miles from Santa Fe, is the place
where the Texan expedition, under Col Cooke taken
prisoners in ls4.
To all these evidences of New Mexican possession Of the
Rio Puerco and its valley, is to be added the further evi
dence resulting from acts of ownership in grants ofand made
upon its upper part, in New Mexico, by the superior
Spanish authorities before the revolution and by the New
Mexican local authorities since The lower half was un-
granted and leaves much land ard the best in the
country, to the United States
The great pastoral lands # New Mexico are in the valley
of the Puco where millions Of sheep formerly pastured
reduced to about two hundred thousand by the depeda
cn Of the Indians The New Mexican inhabitants of the
Del Noe send their ocks there be heIded by shepherds
the shares and in this and by taking their salt there
and in addition to their and settlements and grants
lands the New Mexcans have had Of the Puerco
aud its valley since the year l606hat say, for about
hundred years before the shipwreck of La Sae in the
bay Of San Bernardo revealed the Of Texas Europe
and America
These the possessions of New Mexico on the Rio
Puerco On the Rio del Noe, off by the committees
bill there are, the little town of Frontera ten miles above
Ell Paso town began opposite Ell Paso, San Ezario,
twenty miles below, and houses lower down opposite
Ell Preside del Norte Of all these San Ezario the
considerable having population of four thousand souls,
once town OF New Biscay, Of New Mexico, and
the property Of the United States by asuson It island;
ard the main river formerly the north and the
south Of the island, leaves in New Mexico When Pike
through il, it the most northern town, and the
Eonter garrison of New Biscay and there the then Lieu
tenant Governor Of New Mexico who had escorted him from
Ell Paso turned him the authorities of province
1t is the most southern Of New Mexico, without
having changed its place, but the river which disappeared
from its channel in that place in I752 has changed to