The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1850-04-08
VOLUME III.-NUMBER 80.


Der Of Indians, which, from the ancient remains
and ruins Of villages. etc. must have been numer-
ous, but their numbers are greatly reduced, and
their condition the lowest grade Of human beings,
etc. The numbers in the territory have been esti-
mated at 100000, but Mr.. K. does not suppose
there is now nore than one-thrd that numker.
Many OF them are hostile, and il will require a
considerable military force to protect the settle
ments and immigrants
CLIMArR.-Ths climate Of Caliiorpis /, remark
able a. IN its periodical changes the dry and rainy
seasons divided into two nearly equal parts and
have raost peculiar influence on labor, commerce
and agriculture of the country. He then goes into
particular examination Of the astronomical and
philosophical causes Of these peculiar changes in
the climate. The rainy season commences about
the middle Of November and lasts to the middle Of
Of May not constantly, but with sufficient frequency
to be denominated the "wet season" The dry
season commences first and continues longest in
the southern parts of the territory.
The climate is the most peculiar and variable Of
any part Of the world. In the vast plain from the
foot Of the Sierra Nevada to the sea coast and IN
the valley Of the Sacramento to the San JOAQUIN
river "tAe sea breeze loses its influence, and the
degree Of heat in the middle Of the day, during the
oNAAASi AAAoheusJ Ah BISatcI tudH II Known
the Atlantic coast in the same latitudes II isdrv.
however, and probably not more oppressive. On
the foot hills Of the Sierra Nevada, and especially
in the deep ravines Of the streams the thernomete
frequently ranges from 100 to 1850 in the sh,.ds
during three or four hours of the day. from -
o'clock. In the evening, as the declrs En-
radiation Of heat ceases The cool, dry ,o.psisie
from the mountains spreads over the w1ole coupt3x
and renders the nights cool and inv; ;xorating." =
Son.-" The valleys which a. q sitnat.d p,,,ll.,
to the coast range, and those. which extend east
wardy in all directions araong the hills. towards
the plains of the SacrarAent are of unsuIpassed
fertility. - = -
y he great valley of the Sacramento and San
Joaquin seems at some remote period to haye been
the bed Of lake and the rivers which drain il
ear to have cut their channels through ths au-
val deposit after it had been formed. Their head
waters come from the extreme ends Of the valley
'Iorth and south, and il for the supply Of
water received from the streams which flow into
them from the Sierra Nevada, their beds would be
almost, if not quite, dry in the summer months
Ihe soil Is rich, and with proper system Of drain
| age and embankment, would undoubtedly be cana
BILE of producing any CROP except sugar. now culti-
| waited in the Atlantic States.
The great valley of the Colorado, between the
Sierra Madre and the Sierra Nevada, is but little
known. 1t il inhabited by numerous tribes Of saw
ages, who hostile to the whites, and have pre-
vented any explorations Of the country, and do not
permit emigrants to pass through it. .ssl
The name of the river Colorado is descriptive
Of It's waters which are deeply colored, those Of
the Missouri or Red river, while those Of the Gia
| flowing through barren, sandy lands, are clear.
The Colorado river IS presumed to flow through
auuvial valley of great fertility, but which has
never been explored. This valley is in the direc-
tion from Santa Fe to California its thorough ex.
plorahon becomes a matter Of great importance as
ha the line of
to the Pacific will be forced to run through some
portion of it.
"The soil situated west Of the Sierra Nevada,
| embracing the plain of the Sacramento and San
Joaquin, covers an area OF between 90 and 10000
square miles, and would, under proper system oE
eqltiystion support a population equal 70 Ohio OF
/ NewYork."
PRoDUCTs OF FCALIFoRNIA.--'TheC Californiani
have heretofore been pastoral people, and paic
more attention to raising horses and cattle than
the cultivation of the soil Wheat, barley maize
corn, beans and edible roots raised for home
consumption There fat OK, steer, or cow, worth
81, would now sell for $50 or $50 per head at Sar
Francieo Horses formerly worth SIS aad $40, nov
sell at from $50 to 150. If the number of cattle
be estimated at 500 900 head, and the population a
10000 for the year 1850, in the State "a low est
mate,) and the increase of 100000 for each yeaI
until 1854, there will be in the territory 100000
people. Cattle and horses are annually raised in
| great abundance.
| - A drOver OF large means LETT California in De-
cember last with the intention Of bringing 10000
sheep from New Mexico. The grazing grounds
are extensive enough to support ave times as many
cattle as may be annually required"
The climate and soil are well adapted to wheat,
rye, barley and oats. The temperature along the
coast is too cool for the successful culture of maize
as field crop. Irish potatoes, onions turnips and
all the edible roots cultivated in the Atlantic States
| grow here in great abundance. In the valleys the
Indian corH, rice and probably tobacco will flourish
Wine is produced of excellent quality, and in large
quantities, The grapes delicious, and are pro-
duced with little labor Apples, pears and peaches
raised with fecility, and other fruits also The
grasses. are luxurant and nutritious, aording ex-
cellent pasture. Oats spring up spontaneously and
without culture for forty to sixty miles inland and
support numerous herds and aocks which roam over
it and keep fat, Mr.. X. goes into searching in
quiry as to the mode and proper of cultivat-
ing the country and rendering it extensively useful
and profitable for agricultural purposes. -.
> I'VE are compelled, for want Of room, to omit
our synopsis of the balance of Mr.. Kings report
until to-morrow.l sY 81.