The New York herald., 1850-01-04

lands are selling for less now than they formerly
rented for every year. The hand of labor has
been palsied; the clanck of machinery Is no longer
heard in Hungary; and life has become SO value
less, that, among those brave and desperate mil
lions, there is nothing left to live for or struggle
for, but independence. We do not believe that
Russia can make quite another Poland of Hungary.
The circumstances are different In Poland, Rus
sla was always enabled to play successful game,
by winning over the upper and influential classes
by the force Of honors or of gold; but In Hungary
there is practically no nobility. For ages, the
great principle of democracy has pervaded the
heart of the people. Men have regarded their ma
tionality as worth more than their hoaor or their
estates, and there is deeprooted love of soil of
liberty, and of country, which never belonged to
Poland Georgey is the exception there as Arnold
was here.
Let us glance our eye, for moment, at the
South. Beyond the Tyrol there is another coun-
try, in whose fortunes Europe has taken no little
interest. When Plus TX. was elevated to the
throne Of the Catholic world, he gave impulse
to the cause Unpopular liberty in Italy, and through
out Europe, which was one of the immediate
causes that brought about the revolution that soon
after followed. For the first time IN many centu-
ries, men stood aghast to hear words ofdemocracy
from pontifcal lips. Mankind were prepared tor
almos, every thing, after the wonderful events that
had occurred since the French Revolution of 1879.
Napoleon, like blazing meteor, had shot through
the political system, and familia history and
its readers with enormous changes; but nobody
expected that, in the midst of profound political
tranquility, which regned from the Tweed to the
Nile, Pope would arise who would stir the heart
of antp by he of her al
opinions. Under the encouraging auspices of such
an event, Italy sprang to her feet, and everywhere
the Inauguration of national independence and po-
htical liberty seemed about to take place. For
more than eighteen months Plus TX. encouraged
this movement, which he had given birth to In the
beginning, and Europe everywhere rocked to the
reverberatlon. Hopes were begotten in every
country where despotlsm had held its sway, and
more ideas of human rights were disseminated in
Europe, during two years, than had evsr been diff
fused over the continent from time immemorlal.
This new state of things seemed to be brought
suddenly about; but great and prolific causes
had been long in operation. The improvements
which had been made in all kinds of machinery
the digging Of canals-the building of railways
the coming and going of vessels that flew over the
waters without wind and against tides-the exam
pie of the first French republIc-the triumph
of Napoleon over the eflete despotsms of the
last century-the terrible reaction which took
place after his fall-the outrageous crusade against
the rights Of the people of Europe, which was
made by the Congress of Vienna-the electric flash
IN 1880, which exiled Charles the Tenth and al
most introduced the second republic into France
the desperate struggle of Poland for her national-
y-and last, but not least, the steady and the glow
ing example of our own great republic, which had
so successfully solved the problem which even
great political writers, until then, doubted, whether
mankind be capable of governing themselves
had combined to bring about greater changes than
Europe had ever before experienced In her social
and political systems
Suddenly, on the accession of Plus Ninth to the
all these Incorporating causes were
hurried into explosive effect Suddenly, and with
out many immediate premontory warnings. the
great revolution of lSis burst forth. Now, let us
ask for a single moment what has been the result
of all this struggle, and effort, and blood What
has been the bono TO Europe We cannot, for
our lives, point TO anything very practical that has
been gained, except the republic of France and
there things are not very satisfactory. Ii Is true
that French republic has been proclaimed. 1t has
been inaugurated, and, we may say, established;
but owing TO the unfortunate selection Of Presi-
dent, with the fatal Vaccinations Of moharchcal
cabinets, and, above ALL TO the damnable influence
Of socialism, the experiment has not hitherto been
so successful as the friends OF liberty desired.
Meantime Hungary lies bleeding under the ,alons
Of Russia, and Italy is mathematical by the libe-
raj Pope. Who, therefore, that has traced the pro-
gress of European events, can look for any tran
guilty in European affairs until the great question
ls settledl