The Charlotte journal. [volume] (Charlotte, N.C.) 1835-1851, 1850-12-11

eavy and unjus, iaX upon the labor Of those
,rnployed in extracting this precious me'a''
I'D ] doubt not you will be disposed a, Tue
Earliest period possible, to relieve ihem from
!, by the establishment, OF mint. In 'ne
usan .im., as an assayeI's Office Is establish
ed there, | would respectfully subm'l for your
conside alton The proprcty OF authorizing gold
bullion. which has been assayed aRd stamped,
20 be received 10 payment OF governmen, dues.
| cannot conceive that the treasury would
.uffer any lgss by such provision, which will
8, once raise bullion to lis par value and there.
" cave, IL | am rightly Informed, many mil.
i:ols Of dollars TO the laborers, which are now
ii 10 brokerage TO convert this precious
,a,iai iuto available funds. This discount
spoa their hard earnings, is heavy tax, and
every ef1r, should be made by the Gorsrn.
mes, 10 relieve them from so great burden.
Mote than lhree.fourths Of our population
arc engaged in the cultivation Of the soil
The commercial, manufacturing and naviga>
. ling Interests are all, 10 grsa, extent, de.
psaaeat on the agricultural. Ills, therefore,
;hs most important inleres, Of the nation, and
kas Just claim 10 the fostering care and
pfOteIlCu o. tuS So Tar as tuoN
can be extended consistently with the provi.
SONS af the Constitution. As this canno, be
dope by The ordinary modes Of legislation, |
respectfully recommend the establishment Of
an Agricultural Bureau, to be charged with
tho duty of giving to this Leading branch OF
American industry the encouragement which
itso well deserves. Ia view OF the immense
mineral resources Of our country, provision
should also be made Cor the employ ment Of
competent minsralogisl and chem 81, who
should be required, under the directioa Of the
head Of the bureau, TO collect specimens O
the various minerals Of our country, and Il
ascertain, by careful analysis, thoir resPsc
tive elements and properties, and their adap
ia,ion to useful purposes. He should also b
required to examine and report upor the quail
ties of different, soils. and The nianures bs.
calculated TO improve their productiseuess
By publishing the results Of such experiments
with suitable explanations, and By the collec
ton and distribution Of rare seeds and plants
with instructions as 10 the best sy stem OF cul
,ivatlon, much may be done to promote th'
great national interest.
Ia compliance with the &C, Of Congress
passed on the 23d Of May, 1850, providing
ssnong other things, for taking the ssvenII
census, 4 superintendent, was appointed, aa
ell other measurss adopted which were desu,
ed necessary to 2 the prompt and faith
fol performances duty. The appro
priaiion already md l, il is believed, b
sufficient TO defray De Mbole expense of tn
work bu, further Legislation may be necss
sary IN regard 10 tie compensation of som'
of the Marshels Of the Territories. 1t vii
also be proper to make provision by law. a
an early day, for the publication Of such ab
s,rac,s Of the returns as The public interest,"
may require.
The unprecedented growth OF our Terri
tories on The Pacific in wealth and population
ind TIRE eunseq uent increase OF their soc,,
Bnd commercial relations with the Atlanii
States, seem 10 render it The duty Of the Go,
ernment to use all it's Constitutional power /
improve the means Of intercourse with Their
The importance of opening "a line Of CON
nunicaion, the hes, and most expeditions Q
which the nature OF the country will admit,
between the valley &c the Mississippi aad b
Pacific, was brought 10 your notice by IN
Predecessor, in his annual message sfrs.a
the reasons which be presented 10 favor
the measures still exis; 10 full farce, be
leave 10 cal your attention to ihem, ard
repeat the recommendations then made b
him.
The uncertainty which exists in regard
ihs validity Of land titles in California is
subject which demands your early considers
ton. L1ige bodies Of land in that State ar
claimed under grants said to h4ve.been mad
by authority Of The Spanish and Meaica
Governments Many If these have not bee
perfected, others have been revoked, 40
some are believed TO be fraudulebi. But az
ri they shall have been juicially inves,iga
ted they will continue 10 Tetard the setilt
neni aud improvement Of the country.
therefore, respectfully recommend that pro
ys,sp be made ly law, for the appontmer
OF commissioners to examine all rnch Claim
wrh view TO their final adjustment.
also beg leave TO call your attentio.
the propriety of extending, al an carly da,
our system Of land laws, with such modfi
toes as may be necessary over the Safe
California and The territories Of Utah az
New Mexico. The mineral lands OF Ca ito
MIA will, Of course, form an exception to an
general system which may be adopted. V.
rious methods Of disposins Of them have bee
suggested. i was at first inclined to fave
the System Of leasing, as it seemed TO pfou
Use the largest revenue TO the Guiernm
end is afford the bes, security against man"J
oiiss; but further reflection, and our exper
ence in leasing the lead mines AMI seln
lands upon credit. have brought my mind
.he rancinslop that there would be pteat d.
hcuity in cslleeting the renis, and that II
relation OF debtor and creditor, between ii
citizens and The Government, would be a
tended with many miscbievous conse qlencc
| therefore recommend that, instead Of n