The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1850-09-02

fOTs BeGX HdItITdITy
which they had previously pursued. Up TO that
time they had supported the Compromise bill, |
which proposed 10 buy of their claims OF territory
by payment in money 10 an amount amount o, no. less
the decided step upon which the New Mexican
Assembly had ventured, they appear to have be-
should be injuriously affected by proceedings which
were evidently grounded on the assumption that
Santa Fe was not Texan dependency at all. Ac-
cordlngy they at once declared war against that
part Of Mr.. Clay's measure which related 10 New
Mexico; and their hostility was the more import
ant from the tenderness with which the whole
South is known TO guard the interests of Texas as
the nursing mother of half-a-dozeu future slave
States. On the Both ult, Mr.. Dawson, the Senator
from Georgia, moved, amenament 10 the
earlier clauses Of the BILL that the operation of the
Territorial Government which they constituted IN
New Mexico should be confined TO the districts
west OF the Rio Grande, e., 10 western New
Mexico. This amendment, which retained Santa
Fe in its dependence on Texas, was carried by the
votes of the Texan Senator's aided by those IRON
Ihe South and South west, and by the tow from
abe North who are Systematically lnfavor OF every
thing which will embarrass a compromise that Is
condemned as disadvantageous TO the sacred cause
of free soil. On the next day, July 81, Mr. Pearce
of Maryland, professed friend of the measure
after pointing out that the virtual effect of the
amendment carried the d " before would be 10 EN-
power the scanty settler west of the Rio Grande
10 make laws for the 2 UGH more numerous popula-
tion dwelling east o. the river-moved that
much of the bill as related TO New Mexico should
be struck out on the understanding that the ,uses
removed should be re-introduced in their original
form, and without Mr. Dawson's proviso.
This course, which was rendered necessary
by the mode of procedure in the Senate,
seems strange enough, but its results were still
stranger Mr. Peaice's first motion, TO eliminate
the clauses bearing reference to New Next
co, readily carried. His second pro-
posal, TO restore the clauses they originally
stood, was rejected-the supporters of Mr.. Daw-
sons amendment voting against him to a man.
The moment that the general scheme of the mea-
bppn
dent, the Senate seems 10 have been carried away
by movement resembling that impetuous rush of
men or bufaloes in one continuous straight line
which, in the language of the prairies, Is demo
minated stampede" With brief intervals of
debate, and amid exhibitions of the utmost levty,
the clauses relating to the payment of money TO
Texas, those referring TO the pursuit and recovery
of fugitive negroes, and finally those constituting
California a State, were successfully rejected by
decisive ma oriiies. Nothing was eventually left
but the portion which gave a government to the
colony established by the Mormons on the Great
salt Lake. The result will probably furnish the
successor of Joe Smith with the text of irucu-
lent homily. We must hold him excused if he
breaches that the heathens are about to extermi-
nate each other in intenecine combat and that the
remnant of Israel in Deseret will shortly be called
10 take posses OF the American world and of
the fulness thereof.
& The more hopeful of the American journals are
venturing TO anticipate that the bill, in its mutiaed
state, will be sent down to the House of Repre-
sentatves, which will restore the omitted clauses,
and remit them 10 the higher chamber for acqui-
escence. Our caution will not suffer TO be be-
trayed into prediction; but We cannot help seeing
that this is exactly of the matters in which the
lower House, returned by the collective population
OF the Union, will scarcely be permitted TO dictate
10 the Senate, which represents the aggregate of the
States On the other hand, difficulties oil all kinds
are accommodating, and il incredible that either
house of Congress will be willing TO adj journ with
out some kind Of provision foi their settlement.
Inc Texan militia are positively stated to be
marching on New Mexico and nothing that we
have lately heard leads us 10 attach a slight i'm
Portance TO the explosion Of discomfort which will
inevitably follow the announcement in California
OF the Senate's decision The worst symptom of
all rs disclosed by the altered tone of newspaper
controversy in the older States. 1t is hard TO be-
Ieve that The sectional anupathies of North and
South, which seem 10 have gained fourfold their
ancient intensity in the single week between the
beginning of August and the departure of our intel
hgence, will exhae during the winter in nothing
more serious than words.
The Balance Of Power I'm Europe and
America.
From the London Times. August 20
Nsxims relating to the balance of power 10
Europe, derived originally from the astute politi-
clans OF Italy, still form portion of the learning
and the faith OF statesmen even of the nineteenth
century. The diplomatists of the present day are
daily occupied ia the task Of keeping the various
powers OF Europe IN that relative order which, by
arangeme nt has been for some years past establish
ed amongst them; and every minute encroaChment
or change is viewed with extraordinary jealousy, is
always opposed, and generally prevented. But
while this superabundance Of caution Is bestowed
upon the balance of power in Europe, the due ar
Fangement OF IL, respects the world at large
would appear not TO GENE within the sphere ofduy
stHimposed upon European statesmen. Indeed 10
them Europe would seem 10 be the world beyond
lts mis- they appear To think that there is
chance OF a dangerous power arising, and conse-
quenty no reason for fear with respect "a any do
mlnion which now exists, or is likely 10 exist, in
any other quarter Of the globe. This, neverthe-
lees. Is very dangerous opinion. II, al the pre-
sent moment, we listen 10 the language Of these
who, on the continent OF Europe, are deemed great
authorities, We discover that their minds are pos
sessed by one dominant fear; their eyes are fixed
IN terror upon the great Northern potentatc, and
hey speak Of the overwhelming dominion of
RUSSIA as the ever imminent peril over the freedom
and destinics of the world. There Is a party also
among ourselves, sharing In these alarms and dis
NAL expectations OF mischief, and who, like their
Continental compeefs, are 30 completely occupied
with this one idea, and so pertindciousy coniine
their attention 10 European combinations alone,
that they can see 10 danger which threatens from
other quarters They pay no attention 70 rules of
conduct which may be laid down by any country
not European. and permit without hesita ion as
sumptions 10 be made respecting territories Beyond
these special limits, which they would not tolerate
fora moment II put forth with regard to any Luz
fouean State, no matter how insignificant
These observations are suggested by the cores
pondence which has lately passed between Sir
Henry Bulwer and the cabinet Of Washington
with reference To a treaty which was supposed 10
Rave been entered into by Mr. Chatfeld, on the
pert Of England, with the states Of lucaian and
Costa Rica, the supposed purport OF such treaty
being to constitute England The protector Of the e
two states. With the correspondence itself we
have no fault 20 find, neither DO We object TO
the conduct which u describes England to have
pursued, or with the msXims laid down rs The rule
for our future proceedings SIR Henry Bulwer
states 70 Mr.. Clay. that Mr.. Cha,held has had 40
Authority 20 enter into any such treaty on the part
OF England, and he further declares that 10 IL not
the policy Of England TO constitute herself protec-
tor ~ distant STATES So far all - well but what,
We ask, was the principle laid down by Mr. Clay
as That which gave the United States a right 10
ASK " England had entered into any such treaty
" information were simply sought in order that
the united states might shape its course OF con-
duct with reference tu the new position Of affairs
winch under such treaty would exist then there
would BE- no reason TO complain no ground for
restnting the inquiry But II this were menacing