Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1850-03-26
RICHMOND ENQUIRER.
MONDAY MORNING. MARCH 81. 1880.

MONDAY MORNING, MARCH E", ie"o.
"THE UNION-Pasf and Fuiure--Hor il irorks and holo
TO sarc h-By Il Citizen of Virginia"
The above is the title of an elaborate and mastery papi-
let recently published in Washington and kindly sent US
by our Senators in Congress With the modcsty usually
characteristic of true merit the young but able author has
withheld his name But the truth Of his statements, ana
the accuracy his calculations easily be verified oy re-
ference to the accredited sources oil ms n"rmaon anu ny
application of the simplest artmeiicai rules the pres
ae of no name however potent or brilliant could give
erai weight the important facts he has so ndusrousy
collected and the views he has clearly enforced ii Is not
right however, that the OF the author OF SO powerful
an essay should remain concealedwe therefore take the
liberty give to the public viz NJ r. H. tiarneit, ESQ.,
the county Essex already unknown to Fame In thus
ayowing our high admiration of this essay and Of the noble
example of intelligent and perscycring enquiry exhibits 10
the Young men of Virginia and the South we DO not, OF
course feel called upon 10 vonch for the perfect correctness
of all the statistics adduced express an unqualified a
ouicsccnce all the opinions advanced The best autio
rifles however consulted-,he public records Great
labor and pains used in making the calculations. En-
tire fairness is apparent every page The result Is
most luminous exposition of the extraordinary advantages
which the North has derived the South from the unon
the wonderful which capacao the South for entire
independence of the North the reliance of the latter upon the
weakness war; in the of dssoutionand the over
whenin considerations of interest and policy which should
Thus induce the North the prosecution OF those suic
da which endanger her longer enjoyment OF the IN
cacuahle blessings of wealth and power, protection ana
honor flowing her. under the Union, from the very ns
tuons which she would destroy. No threats made--no
mcnaces ndugeJ candid statement is given of the facts
in the and OF the relations which the great gcogra
phica divisions the country sustain each other In
poco economical point of view. The munihccnt seneros
iy OF South; the heavy and unequal burdens she has
borne still bears in the support OF the Federal Govern
men-he splendid abundance of her varied resources still
Multiplying still enargnshcs safety and facility with which
she could maintain her Unon with less expenditure
Of revenue than she annually contributes quite gatu
tousv for the benefit of the Norhher manly deternnn
ton To require Equality independence facts
are calmly plainly and distinctly satednot indeed to
encourage the idea dissolution but 10 remind US that we
are under grinding necessity compnlson OF poverty,
forever To endure northern vassaage usupaon and insults
and 10 open the eyes of the North long blinded by pow
or 10 her true interests and imminent danger 1t would
be well for the Unon if this pamphlet were circulated
throughout its whole extent and read by all its millions
II would bring home the South knowledge of her real
strength 1t would bring home to the North knowledge
Of her real weakness woud show the that she could
sustain herself alone peace and war; with safety and no.
nor 1t would show the other that alone in peace or war;
she must enoby fall with "a her greatness II would IN
spire the South with manly independence, which would
disain further compromises of her interests and dignity
where concession has but led aggression and magnanmi
" TO imposition 1t would inspire the North with Just sense
Of her dependence and enlightened apprehension losing
by the further provocaon OF generous but outraged ana
Indignant people, grand of her prosperity happi
ness and honor Each section would better understand the
latitude of the other such understanding might lead to
the permanent establishment Of equal and Harmonious
Union. But close our hasty comments Below
we present series Of extracts from this excellent pamphlet
Interspersed with occasional remark OF our own
After brefin,roduc:ion the author sets out with
ston which he fully establishes by facts and figures Ihc
history present crisis the history Of
growing demands the part OF the Nor and OF conccs
ons on the par, of the South" We cannot follow him
step by STEP but mus, content ourselves with marking only
few OF the principal metr the courses He begins with
the ccsson by Virginia the Union OF the magnificent do
main Northwest Of the Ohothc most splendid dover that
ever bride gave away please her grasping lord
at was country well suited for slavery for SO ato
las 1906 find convention OF the inhabitants OF Indiana
psioning for It's temporary introduction and committee
the House Of Representatives reporting through their
chairman, Dir Garne Of Virginia In favor OF their prayer
Blu, while Virginia guilty OF this suicidal generosity,
she annexed condition for hcr advantage that not
more than five States should be formed out of this territory
40 as TO preserve due balance of political power in the
Union Yet even this condition the North has violated
and q 36 square miles of its area than the
size Of all the East OF the Ohio have gone TO
constitute the future State of Minnesota.
This was the first step and the next was at the tora-
ton Of the present Constitution when contest as to
the ratio representations Should the South have us ma
ny representatives in proportion 10 her popuaon as inc
North 1t was Iust and right that she should. The Fcde
m Government had with the relations between
blacks and whites the different classes OF her population
II had right enquire whether the negro was slave or
free The slaves better population than the free ne
uroes if the latter 10 be counted at their iu num-
Der in the apportionmcnt of representation ought the
in1t ho refU
were naturally legally unequal to the Whites tor 50 are
the free negroes 1t could be refused because they have
political rights for neither have the free negroes ppef
women children They essential part ol the pop
ultio rf absent their places must be filled by other labor
ers and if they property as well as popuiat .s IN
additional reason giving their the security o nll
representation for thcm But the South as usual, yielded
70 Northern exorbance and agreed that five slaves should
only three free negroes Therefore, instead Oh io'
| Representatives in Congress, we have only VI
Bnt the free States with this and now pro-
pose to take away wenyone of Representatives
cv suy that the right OF representation for reefs oi
our Slave population is sufficient reason for refusing adns
sion into the Union any slave Stae and Massachi-
setts has proposed by solemn legislative resolution 10
amend the Constitution deprive OF this guaan-
tied representation Public meetings and eminent men have
| .ppruy ed Of her proposal.
In return for this surrender Of her rights the South scr-
ted into the Constitution stipulaons in her own favor
The first provided that direct should be apporloned
amongst the States in the ratio of their representation Ac
cordng this provision we ought now 10 pay lus more
than one third the taxes; actually pay under the pre-
sent system over three-lonrths The amount LEVIED oin
customs since the foundation of the Government has been
about Oi7 millions of dollars and had these duties been
paid in the ratio which the Constitution indicates as Just and
proper the South would have paid 442 and the North ooo
But shall hereafter the slave states nave reay
paid 7es millions and the free States only Pay Therefore
the South has gained nothing by this stipulation IN return
/ for her loss of representation.
The other stipulation in favor of the South was that
held to service labor Sute under tho laws
thereof escaping another shall in consequence OF any
law or regulation therein be discharged from such service
labor but shall be delivered on claim OF party TO whom
such service or labor may be DUE This provision rests for
its due ument not merely upon the Federal
be carried into effect by the un'@ nun nod regulations
Yet wha, has ia worth to the South? So far from ex
this clause and delivering a the W. hn, s@ses srd
in Congress- and such their state of feeling and SUCH their
domestic laws that any federal law, even il enacted could
ni be executed In ,heir Governments, they make ii
criminal offence punishable by fine and Imprisonment for
anv officer and In some States for any csen TO assist in
sezing or delivering up fugitive slave. Their whites
and free negroes assemble in nobs to rescue The slave
from the master who is bold enough TO capture him. and
then accusing him Of the riot they made themselves throw
him into fcons Jail and load him with etters as Pennsy
n,lud dnpph hv