The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-04-16

Ohio Nov 49, 1902 l,5ls.4s7 80 ooi a2s.sas ~ 2|ss
e. FL bs' Dss j. is sis lss sts s
Aggregate Of STATE. iasa, $50 47l7l5 aassaa ala 3
These are the results. Ohio admitted into the
Union in 1902 She had in ls4o, upon an area Of mol
quite forty thousand square miles, free population q
/ more than million and half, and three hundred and
twenty eight thousand voters. Seven slave States have
been admitted since. They had in ls4o. making the
proper deduction from the enumeration OF Texas in is47
given in the table, upon nearly twelve times
greater than that OF Ohio quarter OF million less In.
habtants and ninety thousand fewer voters And yet
these States, having in addition TO their free population
representative population Of four hundred and fys
thousand slaves, have three votes in the House OF
Representatives, twelve votes more IN the Senate and
fifteen votes in the electoral college Such are the
fruits OF slavery exensioness population larger area,
And now, Mr.. President, let me ask what have been
the results, larger scale OF the subveson OF the ORR
gnal policy Of slavery restriction and dsconragement
and the substitution, in disregard OF the letter and spirit
Of the constitution. q the opposite policy. why, ST.
the slave States New York or New jersey in both which
emancipation expected in 17s7, and soon after ac-
tually took place-nsead OF six slave States have
fifteen; instead OF majority of free States have
equal number OF slave and free; instead OF seven hun
dred thousand slaves we have three millions instead OF
property estimate of them at ten millions OF dollars,
hear them rated at thousand millions. and even fifteen
hundred millions; instead OF slavery being regarded as
curse, reproach, blight an evil wrong, sin, we are
now told that is the stable foundation OF inst
tutons the happiest relation that labor sustain 10
capital blessing both racesthe white and the black
the master and the slave.
spirit of liberty must at length become extinct and des-
posm will be established under the forms of free nstu
Mr. President, do not know that any monument has
been erected over the grave Of Jefferson in Virginia
i Mr. MASON. There is-a granite oosllsk
marble hears nobler name.
Mr. SEWARD. The inscription is: ''Here was buried
Thomas Jefferson, Author OF the Declaration Of Ameri-
can Independence OF the Statute OF Virginia for Relgi
GUS Freedom, and Father OF the University OF Virginia
i Mr. CHASE. II is an appropriate inscription, and
worlhy commentaries distinguished services But, Mr.;
President, If stranger from some foreign land should
ask me for the monument of Jefferson, would not take
him to Virginia, and bid him look granite obeisk,
/ would ask him to accompany beyond the Allegha.
nies into the midst OF the broad northwest and would
say TO him:
81 monumenum quiers circumspice
Behold on every side his monument These thronged
Cites these fourshing villages, these cultivated fields
these million happy homes OF prosperous freemen these
churches these schools these asyums for the unoru-
nate and the helpless; these institutions OF education
religion and humanity these great States, great in their
present resources but greater far in the mighty energies
by which the Of the future to be developed
rial is over all our western land
II Our meanest rlI our mghtest river,
\ Rolls mngng with his fame forever
But what monument should be erected TO those whose
cured, or whose compromising timidiiy has permitted
the reversal OF the policy OF Jefferson What inscription
should commemorate the acts OF those who have sur.
rendered territories 10 slavery; who have dsap-
pointed the expectations OF the fathers OF the republic
who have prepared for country the dangers and di
cultes which are now around us and upon usl 1T is moi
that atlnn ahd ha lat
Without concluding. MIR CHASE gave way for a motion
to adjourn; whereupon, the Senate adjourned.
WEDNESDAY, March ~, 1850.
4 Mr. CHASE resumed II, Mr.. President the views
which submitted 10 the Senate yesterday correct
there can be foundation whatever for the doctrine ad
vanced and somewhat boldly Of late, that equilibrium
between the savehodng and non-savehoding sections
OF our country has been is and ought to be- approved
feature Of our political system. No such equilibrium
nothing looking towards such equilibrium. can be
found in the constitution in any early action under il
was thought OF BY anybody On the contrary, The
slave States, and with full knowledge, the part
those who framed and those who adopted it, that pro-
vision had been made by the ordinance Tor the erection
FIVE additional free States out OF the Northwestern Ter
tory Ii equally well known that Vermont mus
soon come, and that Maine must ultimately come into lh,
Union and both free States Many expected also tina
Kentucky would come in free State. IL is matter o.
history that strong effort made in the convention
which framed her constitution TO provide Tor the abolition
very near On the other hand, there is nothnl
in history, far as am aware, which gives the eas
support to the idea that anybody wished for the extension
of slavery beyond the limits of the existing Staes fo
the creation OF any slave States within thos
limits But let il be conceded that il was anticipated tha
all the territory west OF the Aleghanes and south OF thu
Ohio would be formed into slave States, just Il hs
BEEN and where then would be the equilibrium ! Fou
slave Staes-Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, and Ala
bama--added 10 the six existing slave States woult
make but ten whereas the expected free States
added 10 the existing free States would make four
teen; thus giving TO the free States, after the division
every inch OF territory into States, majority OF eight II
this chamber well a large majority in the ohe
House. The truth is, sir that this idea oil equilibrium
was started until after we began to create slav.
States out OF territory acquired from foreign powers
alien TO original policy, and inconsistent with thu
interests and the duty oil the country.
Nor Mr. President, is there any better foundation fo
the assertion that slavery and freedom entitled equa
regard in the administration OF this government The
argument is, that the States equal that each State
has equal right with every other Stale to determine fo
itself what shall be the character of its domestic nstu
ons and therefore, that every right acquired under IN,
laws OF any State be protected and forced in the
national Territories in the States whose laws confer
red IT, Sir, the argument does not the concu
son Ii il true that the States equal entirely abso
lutely equal il s that each State, except where re
strained by constitutional provisions, may form its do
nestle institutions according to its pleasures but il
be carried beyoud the State into the Territories or else
where il is not true, for example, that il State chooses
to authorize savchoding within its limits Congress il
therefore bound to authorize savehodng In the Terrific
res il no true than that bank chartered by the
Laws OF particular State would have right under tina