Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1850-12-14
CONGRESS.
MONDAY, DECEMBER 9, 1850.
IN SENATE.

IN SENATE.
Mr.. GwIS, Of California Mr. BoRLAsD, of Arkansas and
Mr. fuLEE, OF Florida appeared in their seats this morning
INDIAN AGGREssIoNs ON THE MEXICAN FRONTIER.
The CHAIR laid before the Senate message from the
President OF the United States communicating translation Of
note from the Mexican respecting the ncursons Of The In
dams upon the Mexican frontier.
The translation that il is daily becoming more and
more indispensable that the Government Of the United States
should adopt the Prompes and active order
to prevent coniormaby to the provisions Of the h article Of
the treaty OF Guadalupe Hdago Of the Indian
savages of the United States upon the population Of the
Mexican frontier and the Mexican Minister enerans no
doubt that the Congress of the United States will take this
matter into consideration and give it all the attention which
its importance requires He says there are two reasons
which render the adoption of military measures extremely
necessary first that winter is the when the Indians
make their annual ncursons and commit their devas
taton and srocy upon the frontier population Of Mexico
and, second that in consequence Of The loss their crops
this year. the aforesaid population is actually suffering
from great scarcity of food and that they had TO contend
with the savages in this condition. they would be exermnat
ed or at least to much greater than they have
ever experienced in any for incursisns.
TWO PER CENT. FUND IN MISSOURI.
Mr. BENTON Pursuant to notice. | ask leave to bring
in bill to pay to the State of Missouri the amount OF the two
per cent fund.- which, by the compact with that State
be expended in making road canals st the State
der the direction Of Congress- and which has been a
piled to that purpose.
Not being of the committee which the bill may be re-
srred deem expedien and abrdgmen of the labor of
the committee to make brief exposition Of the in
which it is founded will be recolected that by compact
with all the States, containing public land the time
Of their admission five per Of the proceeds of the
sales within each State reserved for the benefit of the
State OF which three cent TO be expended under the
direction Of the Legislature Of the Staeusualy in making
roads canals within the State but in instances
other purposes in Florida to the promotion of education
and in Louisiana roads and levees instead of canals In
instance the whole FIVE cent accung upon the sales
within the State was 10 be expended for the benefit of the
State either 10 objects Within TO the construction Of high
ways leading {" TO-" the State. To it, and noowards it
conguiy, and not approachare the words the compact
and the oft also. The five per was ndemni
ty-niended indemnity, though most nadeauatefor the
loss Of the which the State would have had right to
collect from the public lands (and also upon them immediate
y when so) had not been for the REIMBURSEMENT of that
right upon compact. This the with all the new
States let how this compact has been carried
into effect in the State of Missouri-to which my bill ap-
pe-and whether all that relates the per cent part of
has not remained unexecuted the part Of Congress.
The three per cent has been paid her that is admitted
but road canal has been made "tO her and that
certain road was intended 10 be- made "to" her. and
carried part Of the way-he NATIONAL Cumberland road
But that road after going "to" Ohio and through Ohio
"to" Indiana, and through Indiana-"to" Illinois, and
into 1inos-stopped in Illinois, far short of the Missouri
boundary and has terminated he and has been surrendered
by Congress the States through which passes the
condition Of its being kept in repair The road
minated, and all idea Of taking "to" Missouri is
/
accruing all the while, and going all the while into
the United States treasury, where it now remains.
In the time the State of Missouri has kept her
She has taxed part Of the public lands within her
limits, either before they sold within five years there
after She has kept the bargain, hard for the five
per cenum If the whole had been paid the
accrued, would have been indemnity for the loss
the taxes while the injury to the settlement populations and
cultivation Of the State arising from the taxing power which
might have coerced the Congress sell the lands promptly
for what they WORTH instead of holding them up indef
nitely until the worst should rise to the value Of the best
the injury from these sources-oss Of taxation public
lands until Sold and for five years thereafter and the want
rapid sales prices adapted to qualities, the taxing power
would have coerced injury about ten twenty times
greater than the whole five cenum with the road grants
and school grants of lands, made to be made have
amounted will amount to- @
Other States have had the benefit Of the whole five pei
centum and some Of them good deal Ohio has had
road made to her, to wit the NATIONAL Cumberland rad
andalso through her. TO vii the road continued She
had the full benefit of the whole FIVE per centu ard con-
sdeably Thus The construction Of the road from
Cumberland-he old " Fort Cumberland of Gen Braddock,
now city Of Cumberland to her borderwas 04l %
then the cost Of its continuation through her limits
81, 0Sl 00S SO while the whole amount Of her five per
tum fund was only 1906 s929O; OF which $780,
applicable to the Of the road within the
State, and $685. applicable to making the road to
the State that upwards of three times the amount of
two per has been expended in making read fo her;
and upwards Of FIVE times its amount in making road with
in her, and through herthanks TO numerous united and
i viglant delegation.
With Indiana and Illinois is about the same thing each
has had road made it. and road through it, and the
other deep into it. The per cent fund accrung in these
States are up the latest statement of the accounts the
Of $685. sos SO in indiana and the Of S349 266 80 to
Illinois while the expenditures within those States for max
ing the national road within them have been for Indiana
ISL, 1885, 000 and Illinois 900. Thus, these three
States have received the full benefit Of their compacs with the
Federal Government and much but enough in
demn them for the loss taxation the federal lands and
/ from the Government all stimulus to SELL
Other States besides those named, have receivedth full
five per centum, and Of this class Louisiana,
Florida Arkansas Michigan, and Iowa. and that by Of
their compacs at the time of admission For, being out of
the line of any road from Washington to their borders
they wisely provided from the beginning to have the whole
five per centum paid themselves for objects Of Internal i'm
provemen or education within themselves and the whole
has been paid TO them accordingly namely, Louisiana
$2i4l934 to Florida, 81, 33647; to Arkansas $685..
40 as to Michigan, $751; ,s2273; and to Iowa, Sl6,
| 422. O5.
Two other Of the States-Alabama and Mississippi
began with comracs in the usual FORM the three per in
making roads the States respectively and per centum
nal was to be made o these States they claimed the
per centum which had been paid into the National Treasury
and received it, It paid the States by of Con-
gess September 4h, lS4l and amounted, with the three
per then paid in and The subsequent accruemens, for
Aabams the Of $685. 40 So and for Mississippi the
sum of $746,4494 Ths-the of Congress for paying
the per cent being prospective well Retrospective
does Justice Mississippi and Alabama and makes their case
an exact precedent for Missouri She the only remain
ing without justice this poinhe only one whose two per
cents accung from the dale Of her admission remains the