The Rutland herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1850-1852, 1850-08-15

iicH, and excfvisc ti,e high ,rs~vrs vcsssA ID
him by iha, instrument by tho acas Of Ccr.
gse.s. Or IL any civil peso. armed OF nm.
armed, enter into any Territory of the United
States. under the proscctioa of tie ls~i
therof. with intention 10 scisr individuals
10 ie carried elsewhere ftr trial for alleged
ofsnc<-. ami thir pcsr BE- tco ,,,wcrful b.
lc pased by The local and ciril ssthmi,a~,
such seizure or attopip to seizc is ~ h. me-
vented or resisted by the authorities of tho
I inisesi States. The grave and important,
question now arises whether there he in shx
Territory of New Mexico any existing Law
of the United States, opposition Ia which
wouM constitntc caae calling far the
intcrposi,ion # tho authority vested in the
President. The Constitution Of the United
States declares that tho Constitution and
laws Of tho United States which shall I've
made in pursuance thereof, and all the treat
les made or which shall he made under the
authority u the United States shall bc the
supreme law Of the land. If, therefore,
New Mexico I've Territory Of the United
States, and il any treaty stipulation bc in
force therein, such treaty stipulation is the
Supreme hw Of the l;nd, and is ta liz main.
,ainrd and uphchl; aud ecnrli,,gly in the
l,r.er "a the Governor of Texas MY reasons
are given for believing that New Mexico is
now Territory Of the United Stntes, with
the same cxtnnt and tho same boundaries
which belonged to her when in the actual
possession Of the Republic Of Mexico, and
before the late war. In the early part Of
that war both California and New Mexico
were conquered by the United States. and
were in the military possession Of the United
States at the date Vi the Yrcaty Of Peace
BY that treaty the. title l,y conquest was
c,nfirmcd and these Territories, Provinces
lor Departments selersted from Mexico for
ever, and ly the same tlraiy certain import
ant rights and securities were solcmnly
guaranteed to the inhabitants residing
therein. ".'4
BY tho vi, articlc Of tho Treaty, il is
declared that the boundary line between the
two Ecpullcs shall commence in the gulf of
Mexico three leagues from land, opposite
the mouth Of the Rio Granlc, otherwise
called the Rio Bravo del Nortc. or opposite
the mouth Of its deepest branch, If it should
make more than one branch rmptying direct
ly into the sca thence up the middle Of
that river, following the deepest channel,
where il has more than one, to the point
where II strikes the southern boundary Of
New Mexico; thence westward along tho
whole southern boundary Of New Mexico
which runs north of the town called Paso
to its western boundary termination, thence
northwari along tho western line Of New
Mexico until it intcrsccts the first branch OF
the river Gila. or if it should not interscct
any branch Of that river then to the point
on tho said line nearest to such branch, and
} thence in direct line to the same, thence
down the middle of said branch Of the said
river until it cmtics into the Rio Colorado
thcncc across the Rio Colorado following thu
: division linc between Upper and Lower Cal
, ifornia to the Pacific Ocean.
: The With article Of the Treaty is II
the following tern,s-now established IL
; territories previously belonging to Mexico
, and which remain for tho future within th'
, limits Of the United States dchnitvely
T " BY the present treaty, the inhabitant
2 shall be free to continue where they now re
4, side. or To remove at any time to the Mex
i, lean Republic, retaining the property whir'
: they poses in the said territory, or dispo
= sing thcrc,f and removing the proccpd'
: wherever they please, without their lein,
! subjected on this account to any contribution
= tax. or charge whatever; tliosc who shal
o prefer to remain in the said teritotie
b may either retain the title, aud right 4
a. Mnxican citizens or acquire those Of citizen
d Of the UnitA States ; but they shall ie M
= der obligation to make their electi"n With
o ono year from the date Of the exchange Z
Il raiifcations Of this treaty and those VIII
u shah remain in the said territories aftC
g the expiration Of that year without hayin
Al declared their intention to retain the chal
: ac,er Of Mcxicans, shall be considered
rs have elected IN become citinns Of the Tn
Is ted States in the said territories. Propert
l. Of every kind now belonging To Nexicar
" not established there shall be inyiolably n
l. spctcd. The present owners, the heirs
,e these. and all McxicnI,s who may bcseaft'
1t acquire said property by contract. shall e.
y join with respect To il guarantees equal
a ample, as If the ssmc belonged to citizens
&c the United States.
Q, The IXth Article O! the Treaty is ia ihei
i- words " The Mexicans who, in the To
~ ri,uries aforesaid, shall MT preserve the cha
y after Of citizens of the Mexican lsopubl''
u emlform.lbly with wha, is stipulated in u
c. vrccoc ding article, shall lc Incorporated j
AZ to tho Union uf the United States, and
n, .slnlitiei at the proper time to be Judged
to ly the Congress Of the Lniied States,
y, ltLe enjoyment Of all The rights If ciiizc
"a II tLe pniird States, accssiing TO the PR
ns ciplc Of the Constitution; and in the me
yer time shall he maintained and protected
the free exercise VI their religion with'
~ restriction
" 1t is plain, in the fsce 81 these Tres
th ..ipulaiiaas, thai MeKeans, established
m Terri,nrcs north ar esS of the line a
ily mar saiion slready mentioned, cans witt
Ia thu prae.sisa Il the iXd srss b., and u
he the Tresiy. icins part cf the supreme !
hs If the land thus IN actual tsss over Y