Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1850-09-03


ocrvIe and civil united in his picture He init,
mates that The Northern men and the slaves would mite in
linking war upon u.s. Fit allies this passage shows that
snca as he would be- for negroes in the work of midnio
massacre OF sleeping and children we wouId moi
fear him elsewhere. ~
Having shown from what quarter the threats have come
proceed with TAR more brevity than once intended Ia
anime how far force be able TO preserve the ITnion
say, th,n first that the idea presents moral mposs
nty Say that number of States think proper To with.
uidw from the Unlon and march force auansr Them
suode the you subdue their will and compel them
10 choose Senators and Representatives in Congress ii
ey 90 not participate in Your government they subject
10 @ laws IN the making of which they have no part.
ihey are no longer sovereign States but conquered and
SUBJECT povnces and you union of sovereign States is
course broken But lei me tell you more, you would not
escape yourselves IL would at any require large
my stationed in the South maintain your authority over
your conquered provinces Yearly recruits in large numbers
would be called for supply the ranks You remember th
Story OF te liable Mnotar TO which the flower of the Gre
can youth were yearly offered up as sacrifice Your
Southern army wond be sad reality a thousand fold
worse han all that was ever said of the abled Mnotaur
honsanas yearly would be the number of your young
men that would drain from you And behold the end -
is maintained in the field for years. supposed 10
nave crowned It's cxertions; ambitious general who has
led on from victory victory at its head mad ambition
scizes him and military pride inames his army; they turn
back upon you and subdue you in urn and of the
dark abyss of civil war; tho demon OF military desDotsu
elnerges, and rules ALL
But the idea of preserving the Union BY force involves
further political wrong You have right 10 employ
force against sovereign State should she resolve 10 leave
Tie Unon Ours is peculiar form of government ad-
nit that part of aggregate sovereign community re-
bcls the government of the community has the right
ducc IL 10 subJecon But government based on
an aggregate political comunity it is founded on union
of number of sovereign States The Constitution was
adopted oy each State for ITSELF is sustained BY State
u; Senators, Representatives. and Presidential electors
being all chosen by States II To bc amended ii nj al
by State action; State organization in ALL and under ALL
The General Government being the creature of the several
States should attack Of thcm would be the crc
turc attacking the But make the point clearer
sun: fich o'ae mas over II two governments both adopted
by lis own acton One IS the State government which
acts only upon the State ITSELF the other is the federal 90
vcrnen acting upon The other States also The latter 90
verncn makes the supreme law of the land while crcun-
scrlbed in lis action BY constitutional limits.
But in matters placed by the Constitution Of the u
States under tc control OF the General Government, de-
med 70 The States the State Governments make the supreme
laws iOr her own lands respectively State laws are as SUI
reme n their limits where not in conflict with the United
States Constitution the laws Of Congress are when made
in pursuance OF that instrument Now suppose difference
vi opinion between these of agents as 10 whether
the oh who shall decide! 70 give either set of agents
The right 10 decide Is 10 make its will the only limit
own power OIL must refer the dispute 10 the arbaincn
o the sovereign. Now is the great American doctrine
that The sovereignty un!cr system is in the people, and
TIE only remaining question Is who the sovereign pco
pie! Not lie people vi the United States in the aggregate
for there such people. In what respect
what one purpose are the people Of the United States
aggregated! Not Then sovereign people the rco-
pie of the States seyeraly they therefore have the gh.
laake ~ rnniukc governments for themselves.
The idea OF maintaining the Union by force if the South
States should think themselves called upon withdraw
would imply lastly ply steal lfnposs!blty. You would be-
physically unable 10 sbdue those States. The very idea o
;hc question being put the is shocking every feel
in OF ana the calculation vi the chances If a
result has something in il much akin the calculation
the chances whether should win loose in death
struggle with relation. But bold practice is often
Tor rapid and malignant disease. do not intend
10 initiate bad example, and draw any dlparaging conpa
rison between Northern and Southern valn Whenever 1t
becomes necessary will be easily show 'la' is M more
Charge that the military history South is less brilliant
than tina, Of the North. upon the admission that pro-
per vor by both regions and vet
tend that it would be impossible subduc the SOUTH
Though numerically weaker than the North she is in that
respect quite She supposed have about nine
millions OF people, three millions oi which sci down
slaves
OF the six millions which will remain take ehaf or
three millions males. Or these, take again half
bcng oi military neither too old nor too young ani
from the rcmining million and half deduct oneslxh
-comhatants from ntirmty from any other causc-
This leaves ia 250000 fighting men. We would hc acting
the defensive; you the offensive. We would be
tending for rights considered vital 10 you for power
else for speculative philanthropy. We would be engaged
around ouralts and resies; would be employed FAR
from Your household gods Bat II has been SAID bv some
that the South has OF peculiar weakness in her
slave property controyert the proposition In all wars
the begeent nations have much the larger part OF their
population engaged in the work Of production. We should
necessarily require the labor of three millions OF slaves
or such OF them OF working in raising supplies
for the country and the Amy, aud would find need Tor
many whites besides in the 81 ne business VI me three
millions OF slaves larger would be engaged in the
business of production than lid be the ii they
whites because of the females could be employed IN
field labor in than the other. To tins extent our
slaves would be source Of strength rather than weakness
This advantage might be councrbalanccd and probably
would by the escape Of few from the slave States to the
abolition States, else 10 the northern army
But these escapes would be comparatively few, and
Instructions For these, time OF repose ard
security is necessary Plans To be laid concert Of
action is be gotten up; and among population
too that do not any extent rcad or write or travel
about In time Of when the clash ofarms heard around
and those who cannot the battle field, daily and
nightly on the beat. with guns in hand them sir the
spirit OF nsureclion lies dormant What instructions have
occurred in this country in time OF war So Tar from
slaves have often been found anxious 10 fight for their mas
crs and side by side with them contend on the other
hand that there would be many elements o weakness IN the
Northern States. Break up the relations between the North
and South coastn ami carrying business WIZ be bro"
ken up and your large commercial interest would call out Tor
peace. The material would be taken from your factories
great extent and large manufacturing interest would
rise up and clnor for peace The markets Tor Northern
goods would be taken away and very extensive mercantile
interest would with pted hands, bescec for peace Win
all these interests ntcposing themselves in The way o war;
how long could it be kept up! Northern men lei me com
mend these things your dspassonatc consideration and
ask You them in the light of history he great ii
tary powers Of the world have nearly all been large slave
holding naons-thc Jews, the Grecans, the Romans and
the Gohs In revolutionary struggle we were all
sayehodng States, and three millions OF such people sue
cessuy defended themselves against twenty millions OF nom
Shareholders
Ii you say that there very few slaves at the North
answer that according General knoxs report the South,
tiona share" in the furnished, she did also in its
penses and its battles In the Mexican furnished
more than share of men, and have been behind
claim particular credit foit TO section 1t has been
the result of peculiar circumstances, pcraps but shows
how il is charged that weakened by slave
ry We too arc agricultural peoples you are to great
extent commercial and manufacturing. The history OF ma
tons shows nothing clearly than that agricultural pco
pe are the strongest especially for defensive war.
Can be doubted that the idea OF holding the South IN this
Union by force if she resolves TO leave IT. involves moral
impossibility political wrong, and physical posbiy!
do not think there is for doubt By all is DO not
mean be understood saying that the time for dsunon
has arrived On the contrary, desire that suc me may
never come and TO it, in my Judgment IS nccess
nv that parties should understand each other and the state oil
their relations Let Northern gentlemen think 10 say
we arc the majority and will give loose to our unodieu
will The minority has terrible power ii you call II out
Think not to pass unconstitutional and oppressive laws and
enforce them by the sword This Union is not based upon
th sword but pon the interest of its several members 1t
held together by the iron chains OF power out oy inc
slkcn cords of affection. Well has it been said,
STOUT were ,hc hearts, and strong the minds
those who framed. in high debate
Tie immortal league Of iore that bin.s .
broad empire State with STATE"
We must commend this Government to the interest OF all
by course of strict and impartial justice we must gather
around il the love and affection OF ALL by Cancellation ana
kindness Not only the deliberate opinions but as lar as
possible feelings of the different sections must be respect
ed Above ALL must keep this Government 10 lis esi,
mate and clearly constitutional powers. Even dououul
powers be avoided The structure OF our system 10