The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-07-02

cay But would ask OF senator's how many they sup
pose OF those persons they have known TO emgsle 20
California went there with the intent TO remains u u
enough TO say they will probably never carry GU!
Ger TO return, because to qualify them to found
the institutions OF the country they should have had al
the time fixed purpose in their mind 10 make that coun'
try their home This could not be the Case with those
who few months before had zone there merely 10 col
ec gold and return the United States. There is an
other test How many had taken their families with
them l-ihat best guaranty oil intent TO become perma
nent residents.
Mr. President. il comes then, to this point: whether
soourners persons travelling, with no permanent interest
or locality ia the counry-solders sailors, or govern.
men employees who chance 10 be present-are quahea
% lay The foundations OF State and decide on me nsu
lions which shall prevail among generations yet unooih
But sir, there something further 10 be offered 10 those
on whom these considerations make no impression
Taking the population according to all the ordinary esti
timales il was oniyab,at onefh Of The population OF
California which took part IN this proceeding, either 70
elect delegates TO raiy the constitution they formed
What then Fourffihs oil the Americans IN the cOun-
| try, and Mexicans 10 whom we are bound 10 extend
special protection, had whatever with this
convention. Are we still 70 be told that us proceedings
mbody the expression OF the will OF the people OF Cali
forna These, MIR President, the facts which came
to light upon analysis this remarkable proceeding
and these such not only amply TO justify the
amendment Of the senator from Louisiana. Mr. SoULEl
but which would entirely justify us in treating this con
stitution nuy, and proceeding TO The formation OF
territorial government for the people who nhaoit our
am moi one Of those, Mr. President, who can be with
any truth described hostile 10 the Territories On the
VI
port. am OF those who stroye most strenuousy at
The last session OF Congress in favor OF gvlg those peo
pie government am one OF those VINO was willing
then, willing now, to adult them as Stale 80
they come here regularly with proper quinca-
tions and ask Tor admission But am also one OF those
who claim conformity with the precedents which have
existed since the foundation OF the government and
which necessary 70 secure considerations OF lar hghe
importance than any which concern the ascendency OF
particular interest, or political party
But, Mr. President, find myself constantly wander
ing considerations broader than was my purpose 70
enter upon have said that this country south q ~
what is called the State OF California and that II
claims political organization separate from the Other
so% y s he a o ds 80 bare spsc
ton OF the map, with the sghies knowledge OF the
mountain ridges and passes must convince any one thai
Diego and San Pedro That all the country back Of the
Sierra Nevada up the Salt Lake, must Tor commercial
purposes find its outlet al San Diego and San Pedro and
not at San Francisco, is established now, believe, be-
You'd controversy We find the plain extending IRON the
Great Salt Lake, running down by route over which
there is said be good wagon-road to San Diego
Then, sir. what TO be lie institutions If le 70 natural
Causes in the unry and the other Wl they be
uniform diversified II the latter, why seek 70 force
on them system OF municipal aws' II is plain, that
of their part will 80 totne South, and part
to the North IT, then, connected With these con-idera-
tons, have been able TO show TO the Senate however
briefly. that the population. climate, and SOIL united with
those routes capable OF being travelled, all go 70 sustain
this line SO deg 80 min the natural line OF d'vislonl
ask whether in adopting it we should not be consulting
higher considerations than any OF temporary poltl
cal expediency ask whether reasons Of pre-eninent
and general importance do not demand that we should
sustain the amendment Of the senator from Louisiana
But br President, there is still another claim for this
amendment Anterior to the formation OF this State con-
stu ton by California, Deseret formed State or terrific
rial constitution, aud established her boundary Desc
ret, winch lies Immediately east OF California, has no
outlet except through the southern part OF Cali
fornia Thes find their outlet to the ports that have men
toned. They have practicable commercial connexion
whatever with San Francisco. This was most forciby
shown while Colonel Mason, the military governor OF
ant
at the Salt Lake An officer detached Tor the pur-
pose but instead OF being able to go direct, ne had to
keep down upon the west side 81 The Sierra Nevada,
than three hundred miles before he found any opening
through which be could pass; after which he had TO
travel north to nearly the same parallel IRON which ne
started Ii is bestl think, therefore, thai this country OF
South California should stand alonethat she ought to
have distinct organization but II mat is not done,
the proper and natural thing remaining TO be
done, attach il to Desere which has claimed part
oiit, and TO which II belongs by nature more properly
than TO North California.
But the distinguished senator from Massachusetts
mir WEBsrERl remarked yesterday that We are reduced
aliefnauve--that have TO admit California as
Stale thai she will be separated from the Union. Mr.
President, these words also from the shores OF the
Pacific and what foundation there, there be, for
them The people OF California knock your doors for
admission the Union, al The time we are told
they suffering Tor protection and assistance They
have State government, and there is no intere
to prevent their exercise OF all It's functions In.
deed, portions OF the army and navy OF the United
States kept there for their benefit They claim then, 10
order to enable them TO carry their State government
the aid OF the federal government With what oce then
do they talk Others for them, OF their seeding from
the United States and setting up government OF their
owni Why, SIR il is idle They need the protection OF
this government and wish them to have IT, not the less
because they attempted self government before they
competent 10 sustain themselves With this cen
nected another inquiry. Were they prompted oform
Stale government, was il by their own option IL
appears to have been because they invited by
one who had right to the exercise OF the civil iunc-
tons which he assumed, or vita which ne was improp
erly invested They were urged to IL by the officers OF
the army California Tue proclamation under which
the convention convened makes strange declaa.
Ii that the laws of Mexico made the militia
ny commandaht ex-oticIo civil governor:
The undersigned, IN accordance with nsuc from
the Secretary OF War; has assumed the administration OF
civ afdifs Callionta mffarv but Ne
the executive of the exsng cvii government La the alb
properly appointed civil governor the command
officer department by the laws OF California,
fc,o governor county and the instructions
from Washington based proylslons OF these
laws luis subject been misepresened, at least
nsconceved aud currency TO the Impression tna
the government of the couufy still military. such
The military govern ended with
and What the er government recognised la the
existing laws OF California
Now, that rests the doctrine which has been put
forward here, the Mexican laws are in force
Territories But. so lar as | can learn, there never
any such law that proclamation appeals TO. La this
same volume is contained digest OF these laws; and
will read section which belongs TO tins case, and
believe decides III
Ia temporary default Of the governor another shall he
named ad infefn, IN the the proper one
II the default should be OF short duration, the senior tnss
sntguo) lay menbei OF the departmental legislature shall