Weekly national intelligencer., 1850-06-15

the elevation Of FL Paso and is mder in its climate through
out because open to the east and sheltered the west
by long and lofty range Of mountains It's genial cl
mate makes il, have said the bucoic region Of New
Mexico to which the inhabitants Of the banks Of the Del
Noe send their focks find their food, and live with
shelter the year round And precisely the southern
half OF this river and valley, reaching degree and half
south OF New Orleans and without sufficient altitude to
teract the effect Of southern atude that the committees bill
would transfer from the possession Of New Mexico to the pos
session OF Texas Climate there be bar the
ducton OF slavery; and thus its actual extension into that
quarter becomes the question which the committees bill forces
US TO face-and which Ihaye faced
The committees line has the further i'll consequence of
raising the question Of the existence of slavery by law in the
Santa Fe part Of New Mexico. If their line a com
promise of the Texas claim, admits the right and
regnty Of Texas both above and below, and will involve
members In an nconvenient votee consequence of which
is readily
This is consequence which the committees bill involves
and from which there escape but in the total rejection
their pan and The adoption of the line which proposethe
longitudinal line of O2-which corresponding with ancient
title and actual possession avoids the question Of slavery in
either country which, leaving the population of each
touched, dsturbs interest and which, splitting the high
sterile table land Of the Saked Pan conforms the
raj division OF the country and leaves to each natural from
tier and an ample extent of compact and homogeneous
tory To Texas left all the Territory drained by all the rivers
which have their mouths within her limits, whether those
mouths are IN the Gulf Of Mexico, the Mississippi the Rio
Grande TO New Mexico is left the whole Of the Rio
Puerco and all its valley and which, added the valley Of
the Del Norte, will make State Of the first class in point of
territory susceptible OF large population and wealth. and in
compact form capable Of defence against Indians The
Saked Plain is the natural frontier of both countries
dividing wall between systems of and systems of
countries. It is high sterile plain, sixty miles wide
upon five hundred long, running north and south, its
western desvy abrupt and washed by the Puerco its base
its eastern broken into chasmscaones which issue
the myriad of little streams which, flowing towards the rising
sun, form the great riyersRed river Brasos Colorado
Nueces, which find their outlet in the Mississippi in the
Gulf of Mexico It is salient feature in North American
ofI
five hundred long and some thousands feet above the level of
the sea-and ssterile, level, without shrub, plant
grass and presenting to the traveller horizon os like
the Without landmark guide the steps of the
traveller it. the early hunters and hersmen of New
Mexico staked their and hence its name Ell
La1o Estacada the Staked Plain It is natural frontier
between New Mexico and Texas and for such Ine
quietng all questions between them all with the United
States yielding ar two hundred thousand square miles of
territory to the United States and putting into her hands tho
Of populang and defending New Mexico by giving
lands settlers ahd deendersI ready the fifteen
millions which my bill fairly and openly proposes For the
line in this bill would not give copper But would be
great 10 uppose would give fifteen millions for the
territory in dispute between New Mexico and Texas That
disputed etorys only small Part Of what the Texan
would be- 1t would embrace four degrees Of latitude
the north of Tefas and front of thousand miles the
Arkansas and would to the United States territory ndis-
pensabe her the population and defence both of New
Mexico and in front of 10th which this OF Texas lies
The COMMITTEE in their report and the Senator from Ken
tucky M CLI in bis speech, impressive in their repre-
sentaons fa,or of giving Governments to New Mexico and
the remaining part Of California. join them in all they say
in favor of the necessity of these Governments and the duty
of Congress TO give thea Territorial Governments,
and wud not vote for State Governments in either of tkem
if they sent constitutions here. do not deem them
ripe for such Governments they young and weak for
that They in hands, and upon hands, and be-
long and it is duty to provide for them and take
Of them until they strong enough take of
themselves sovereign States Both Territories require
government at our hands, and protection along with it, New
Mexico especially, now desolated by Indian ravages and
suffering in the three years that she has belonged to the
United States than any three years Of her existenceeven
during the most helpless period of the Mexican rule. The
Spanish Government, under the vice regal syste appropr
aed two thousand Dragons to the protection of the internal
provinces from the Apaches the Navahoes the Cumanche
and other wild Indians. We have few companies of dra-
goons and stationary infantry in sight Of whose bar
racks these Indians slay and women carry off chdren
and drive away focks and herds. sometimes thousands in
Drove The Navahoes actually New Mexican sheep
than the New Mexicans have left single individual
nhabant Of Paso owned cattle and sheep when Pike
there in 1906 than the whole town and settlement
own. Single inhabitants of the Valley del Nore owned
foks and herds then nearly equal TO those of the whole
vince The Valley of Puerco then the sheepwalk of
millions is reduced to two hundred thousand, and
becoming less every day. All this reproach to It is
reproach to republican Government in persons 1t is
an appeal TO for succor and protection, to which
not be deaf without drawing down upon heads the
Of all good But this bill is not the way give it.
These Governments baked by being put into this BILL
impede themselves. lhe
junction injury to both They mutually delay and
danger each other. And it is argument in favor Of the
conjunction say that the establishment of Government
for New Mexico requires the previous settlement Of her east
boundary with Texas That argument for tacking
Texas with all her mullifarious questions to New
Mexico much less California II is indeed very desirable
to settle that boundary, and settle once and forever
but it is indspensabily to the creation of Govern
ment for New Mexico We have right TO Government
according her possession and that give her. to
continue till the question Of title decided The ut posi-
desas you possesss the principle to govern our legis
atonthe principle which gives the possessor right to the
possession until the question of title is decided This prnci
pie is the both in national and municipal law-boh in
and between independent nations The mode of decision
only different Between independent nations is done by
neg citation by between citizens communities of
the Government it done by law Independent ma.
tons may invade and fight each other for boundary c,i
zens or communities Of the Government cannot And
the party that shall attempt commits violation of law and
order and Government which permits such violation is
derect of It's duty ,... .".G. .as
have now examined far / propose to do it on
motion for indefinite posponement the three bills which the
committee have tackled togeherhe California, Utah. New
Mexico and Texas bills There other bills which
have not mentioned because they tackled but only
hung on but which belong to the system it called aud
without mention of which injustice would be done to
the committee in the presentation Of their scheme The fu
gve slae recovery bill and the District of Columbia slave
trade suppression bill parts of the system Of
which the committee PROPOSE and which, taken together
to constitute compromise, and to terminate for and
most aternay all the dssensions Of the slavery agitation
in the United States They apply to two out Of the five
gaping wounds which the Senator from Kentucky enumerated
the FIVE fingers of his left hand and for healing up all