Daily Richmond times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1849-1850, 1850-06-27

at CharlestOaon, on The Seventeenth of June,
1850, being the 18th Anniversary Of the Battle
Of Bunker Hill. By EDWARD EVERETT.
(ooNcLuDED)
l. The first great act of this drama was the struggle
for constitutional rights carried on almost from the
planned Of grievances, some general and some local
some important and some triflng, almost from their
origin. These grievances were partly inherent in the
nature of colonial government partly owing to the mis-
taken policy of times and of men, How tar it would
have been possible, by wise and concliaory counsels
and measures, preserve the bond unbroken is curl
Gus question in political history The experience of Eu
rope in all ages has led TO the conclusion that monarch
ical government cannot be sustained without gradation
oforders in the State Such graduation is entirely ncon
sisent with the condition OF society IN colonial settle
mens, carrying from the mother country all the gene
raj principles of constitutional government 1t belongs
to the conception OF arstocraca institutions 10 cus
ter round court The attempt which was made to n-
troduce distinction of orders into South Carolina
vby the strange constitution drawn up by Locke-a sin
cere friend of berty-s Melancholy illustration of
the difference between practical craftsmanship and the
seretical philosophy. The arduous work OF settling
a remote wilderness-of planting human families in
these world wide spaces-can proceed upon no basis
but that ofLioerty, Equality, and Fraternity; for am
to be deferred by anyabuses. ancient or modern,
from the ofthese noble words. Perverted as they
have been they draw their true meaning from the
sacred depths OF our common nature Our fathers con-
uuered them in right acceptaton, from an oppressive
government, and must not allow the guillotnes
barbados Of earlier or later days shearen from
their assertion. What Warren and Prescott won for
us on Bunker Hill, we must not sacrifice to any otthe
monsters of anarchy despotsm, which have brought
reproach upon the name OF lberty-trom the real au-
thentic Napoleon the shadow ola shade, which is at
tempting play Emperor under the cover OF bis mighty
name. -
of the colonies to the mother country never eecualy
executed theagh always peremptorlly asserted,
standing colonial grievance and not the ess severely
felt because the right OF parliament to enforce it was
oIol Tn aipfop oft / wa
paratively of little consequence but, as they grew in
numbers and wealth, and 10 aptitude tor commerce, it
was an unavowed source OF abiding irritation In like
manner the inhibition of manufacturing industry began
to be felt in the middle of the last century ntoe-
rabe grievance. These causes OF discomfort sup
posed to be fairly incident to state OF colonial DEEPEN
dence but they were not the less ec,enl IN preparing
nal taxation This was resisted at the outset, as vo
laon of the first principles of civil liberty an infringe
ment of those rights OF which the subjects OF British
law could as little divest themselves they could be
deprived by the authority of parliament TWAS said of
James H. by brother monarch that he sacrificed three
kingdoms for a mass. The ministry who undertook to
raise revenue in America, sacrificed continent for
three pence pound few chests OF tea 1t was that
paltry tax which piled upon each other the mighty
blocks Of yonder monument and planted that flag on
the headlands of California. Mysterious chain OF
events which binds causes to their effects after ages OF
conflict and endurance; which links the 22d of Deem
ber 1920 with the 18th June ITS, and makes the ice
clad rock OF Plymouth but a steppng-sone to the
feeble beginnings of American liberty the sutferngs of
the pilgrims the restraints OF the coones,-the humble
weakness of few despised plantations, doung ths At
lantic coast OF the continent with the vast DOMAIN which
has been brought within the realm OF civilization, the
Astounding OF this great contede acy OF States
can Iiken it to nothing but our mighty Missouri which,
springing in silver tread from Inc meiung side OF
some arctic glacier winds along through open wastes
and trackless prares widening and deepening on the
way, descends to the region OF civilized man dividing
Territories and States, and having gathered up the
M
continent pous at last into one OF the great CULTS
of the ocean, with volume OF waters scarcely less
than his own.
IL The struggle for constitutional freedom was, as
have stated the first great OF the revolutionary dra
ma Beyond this, the distinct purpose OF those who
gave the impulse the public mind, does not appear to
have proceeded The possible results OF the struggle
must, of course have presented themselves to ardent
minds but a strong sentiment OF loyalty still bound
the people to the mother country 1t was the land OF
their fathers living nerve connected every portion OF
the colonies with their transatlantic home las they fond
ly called y family names, and kindred ties, and the
mysterious sympathy OF common language still eyer
csed a controlling influence, The political e OF the
colonies had been principally developed IN the border
warfare with the possessions OF France, the hereditary
enemy las she was regarded of the Protestant faith, and
the British name But the funess OF time was come
Although the magnitude OF the impending crisis was
fully appreciated on neither side, the colonies had
reached stage in their progress IN whlch they were
ripe for selfgovernment. A continent was trembling
the verge of revolt and the experience OF the past
legiance. columbus had given new world to CASTLE
and Leon but no Columbus had taught how new
world mature for independence, could be retained in
subsection to the old The whole mind and heart OF
the coloncshad been aroused the demand for the re,
dress of grievances had come up from every town. and
village and hamlet. 1t was then found, if it had been
before doubtful, that the great social moral, and potl-
cal world has its laws of progress as unerrng as those
of physical nature. great constitutional season had
opened on the land. Incipiunt 'nagni prrocedere
menses, The liberties OF the people were budding and
hlrc lntn Eto nndh Aa nv mr.
tia influence, which paints the fields with yerdure, and
which clothes the garden and the forest with the honors
of Spring. And not less presumptuous and hopeless
were the attempt, the part OF man, to strike chill
throughout the universal vegetable Kingdom, which
should arrest this vernal renovation and wrap the
promise OF June in the shroud Of January than to sub
due tie instinct of freedom which had begun to warm
and move the great heart Of the lard The colonial
winter past the rain is and gone; the flowers
appear the earth the time OF the singing OF BIRDS 10
come and the voice of the turtle is heard In our land
But unlike the gentle influences OF manlmate nature,
the achievements in political affairs seem by law
OF our fallen humanity require tor the assurance OF
their purity, the stern Of bloody conflict 1t seems
be necessary order to chasten the license OF nno
vaton and to prevent society from being convulsed on
light grounds, that the rupture OF bonds which unite