Hillsdale Whig standard. (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1846-1851, 1850-04-23
WHOLE No. 1875.

l
rowest possible hints, and where a vide
margin is, consequently. lelt on each side
over which the wafer rushes. during the wei
season. with great force.
As the velocity Of some streams is create,
than others, so is the gold found In fac OF
coarse particles. apparently corresponding To
the degree Of attention 10 which it has been
exposed. The wafer from the hills aaa 40.
per valleys. ia fndiug its way Ia the rivers
has Cut deep raVines, and. wherever IL came
III contact with the quartz, has dissolved OF
cinmbled IL TO peices.
ia the dry season. these channels are most
y without water, and gold is ionnd in the
beds and margins of many OF them Ia large
quantities bot In a much coarser state thaa
iD The rivers, owing. undoubtedly, Ia the
moderate flow and Temporary contlusnce Of
the current, which has reduced il 10 smooth
shapes. not unlike pebbles. but had not snf
fcienI force 10 cut II into flakes or dust.
The dry diegings are places where quartz
containing gold has cropped Oul. and been
dlsiulegrated, crumbled in fragments, pebbles,
and dust, by the action of water aud The AT
mospherc. The gold has been isil as IL was
made, in all imaginable sbapes-in pieces OF
aii s;zc. from ure grain TO several pounds 10
weight. The evidences that il was created in
contribution In quartz, are too numerous and
striking TO admit ot doUb, or csyil They
are found an large quantities.
a very large propUrlIOn oi The pieces 0i
gold found in these situations. have more or
less quartz adhearing to them. Ia many
specimens, they cannot be separated without
reducing the whOle mass 10 powder, aud sub
jecting il 10 the action of quicksilver.
In addition TO these facts, il is beyond
doubI true, tha, several vein mines have been
discovered 10 the qnsriz, from which numer
Gus specimens have been taken, shOwiog The
minute connection between the gold and The
rock, and indicating value hitherto unkOown
in gold mining.
These veins 30 no, present the appearance e
of places where gold may have been iodged
by some violent eruption. Ii is comblaed
with The qusrfz in all imaginable forms and
degrees of richness.
The rivers present very striking. and. IL
would seem, conclusive evidence Gespecliag
the quantiry Of gold remaining undiscovete
in the quartz veins. II is not probable that
the gold 10 the dry diggines, aud that 10 the
TiveIs-lhe former ia Jumps, the latter ~ dust
was created by different progresses. That
which has been found in the rivers. has uu-
doubtedy been cut OF worn from the veins ia
the rock, with which their currents have
come in contact All Of them appear TO be
equally rich. This is shown by the fact
that lah0ring man can collect nearly as
much IN Que river as he can Ia another
They intersect and cot through the guild re
giou, running from east TO wesI, at irregular
distances Of Is 90, and perhaps some Of Them
30, miles apart.
Hence il appears that the gold veins are
equally rich in all parts Of that most remark
able section Of county. Were il wanting,
there are further proofs OF this ln the ravine>
and dry dIggings, which uniformly confrnl
what nature so plainly shows 10 the rivers.
The emigration from the UnIted Saies
came in last, if we except those who crossed
the Isthmus Of Panama. and went up the
coast in steamers, aud few who sailed early
on the voyage round Cape Horn
The American emigration did not come 10
by sea, in much force, until July and August
and that overland did not begin TO arrive uulil
the last OF August and first of Sep enber.
The Chiians and Mexicans were early in lhe
country. 10 the month Of July IL was sup
posed there were fifteen thousand foreigners
IN the mines. Al place called SOnoranan
camp, II was believed there were at least ten
thousand Mexicsns.-Tbey had quite a city
Of tents, booths log cabins, hotels, restau-
rants stores. and shops of all dlsci piIons, fur
nished with Whatever money could procure.
Ice was brought from The Sierra. and ice
creams added To numerous other luxuIies
An enclosuie made of the trunks and branch
es of trees. and lined with cotton cloth served
Ms n sor, Of amphithea,re for bui-fghts; other
anusemeuts, characteristic oi the MexIcans
were to be seen in all directions.
The foreigners restored principally To the
southern mines. which gave the great superI-
ority in numeIa force over the Americans
and enabled them To take possession of some
of the richest in that pant otthe county. In
the early part of the season the Americans
were mostly employed on the forks Of the
American aud on Bear, Uba, and Feather
rivers. As their numbers increased they
spread themselves over the southern mines,
aud collisions Weie threatened between them
and foreigners. Tho latter, however, tor
some cause, either feat, or having satisfied
their cupiduy, or both, began to leave the
mines late 10 August, and by the end of Sep
tember mauy of them we're out O the coup
Try.
IL is possible that during The first part o
the season there were more than five or SIX
thousand Americans IN the mines. 1hl.
would swell the whole number, including
foreigners, to about twenty thousand the be-
gin,ng of Sepiember.-Tnisp period embtac.
ces about halfo the season during which gold
may be successfully collected in the rIve's.
Very particular and extensive inquiries
respecting the daily earnings and acqiisiu on:
of the miners, lead 10 the opinion that they
average an ounce per day This is believed
by many to be low estimate; bat from the
hest info, nation I was able TO procure, | am
Of opinion il approached very near actual re
suits. The half Of The season, up tn the Is
Of Setember. would give sixtyhve working
DAYS, and to each laborer at $40 per ounce
81 ,o50. IL. therfore. we assume $4,000 al
the average collection by each lsborer. W,
shall probably not 90 beyond the mark.
This would give an aggregate Of 100000.
600 Tor the first half of the seasons 5, 900.
600 Of which was probably colIeced by forei
gners. During the last half OF the season Tho
number of foreigners was much diminish
ed Land. perhaps did not exceed fse thousand
There is one river which. from reported
recent discoveries, and not included IN thu