New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1850-01-23
TEXAS.
The Rnnndnrx Questien.

Inc BOUNDARY autstten'
ca,..pla1e-os Of IT, Troar. ars-r'. I.1ss - .
In my last letter promised a revie" oi ne
Santa Fe Question: question OF eqnsl iapoTtai'oe'
r. "a, the last u the inhabitants Of View Mexico
and 20 the people OF the Union at large. as r. Texas
herself As with al similar questions heretofore
sgta;ed in this country, the pubic sn' II l''
pas. Judgment upon it before either parry IA Con
sves. vii dare attempt IL. hnal settlement. II is
already 2, the bar Of public opinion. and ~ s DO"
hgb ,rso That every material witness be s1Inn15n-
81 +, order that that higbest American trIouna
dat most sacred palladium 0; Republican Rights
.od Of !-n.on. sho1l1 be enabled 70 pronounce Just
and enlightened judgment. When tbs IS done
and j, may be the work oi but few weeks. It BE-
iovcs Congress simply 70 rstiiy the measure, snf
n prescribe forms for carrying II into execution.
In the first place shall inquire where tbs Gov
eminent 9e foct1 Of the Territory OF New Mexic2
iy,ug Las, Of In. Rio Grande del So1s has resided
heretofore aud in the next place, where was iorro-
e-ly and where Is now the Government ne J're or
70 make tie questions palmer, what Government
has had poss1ssioq Of the Tenitofy and what Coz
sran,spt hiss had the r1gtt Of possession Were
horse the subject q TIE controversy the poss ossion
being IN one party and the property or right Of pos
session 1a,rae4 20 10 Ia the other, tho issue woul1
De the same and the principles OF right and wrong
,pplicablc to the case. could not be more simp.e
than in this instance
Texas seems 70 regard tie Feierai Government
10 her acts Oi taking possession and initItutlng
10 iitary Govcromeut over the people and territory
| ia oueston as acting in the capacity Of Trustee
1, far as the argument is concerned tits Of no ia
| o.rtauce whether this -. or is not, correct cO4
clQs.oa At least It Wi! bo admitted on both sides
| that The Federal Government as tho Representa-
tive c. all the people is bound TO regard The rights
aud interests Of the whole and that a She IS the
Trustee Of Texas she Is also the Trustee Of the
people Of New Mexico. or any other people within
her limits having rights involved IN the issue.
Texas by the resolution OF her Legs iatars Of lSi-
admiued that hers was not the Government IL
fqcfO bat recognizing It as residing IA tue mlteri
Government the nited States has instituted there
abe applies 70 the Federal Government 10 aid her
officers in extending her civil jurisdiction over the
Territory Whether the United states can night
fully aid or permit Texas % carry out the pohcy o.
her Legislation in tins respect, depends upon the
solution Of the questions already Propounded We
appeal then TO the testimony
The Constitution Of the Mexican Republic vas
framed upon the model Of our own and. like Cur
own. it is Republic Of Sovereign States with DO
nestle Governments and domestic Legislatures
with the same place and rights OF representation n
a Federal Congress. The State OF New Mexico,
for more than century before the revolution OF
ls2l. was separate province OF the wee hoyalty
OF Mexico. enioymg the same political rights and
imrnunities a. other North American provinces %
! the Spanish Crown. In the revolution OF 1921 the
| people Of this Province took common part against
| SPAN with the other people OF Mexico, and upon
the formation o the Constitution OF 1924, and IN ali
subsequent political changes. were recognized as
| an independent department oi the Mexican Con
| federation with deinitiye territorial boundaries
The Southern boundary Of New Mexico crosses
The Rio Grandc few miles below Paso del Norte,
above the 32d parallel of North latitude, and runs
Tue east to the Guadalupe mountains, thence witt
rhe main ridge Of that cham and the Sacrament,
mountains (which is the same chain, but know
further north by the latter nance until it strikes
point whore line due east strikes the sources Of
the Estrnmadura and with that stream 10 ia con
iuopco with Red River thence down the latter t.
the tooth parallel OF west longitude. From TIC
point where the line Just described first reaches
the main ridge Of the Guadalupe mountains, 10 the
Tooth parallel of west longitude, the territories
New Mexico and Texas border upon each other,
and better defined boundary between two States
cannot well be imagined. By reference 70 the maps
Of Mexico and those OF Texas, published as early
As 1896, these lines will be distinctly seen Ii they
arc correct and | challenge successful contradic
ton, every child chn perceive that Texas, while
n
san confederation. did not include santa re nor any
,lher portion of New Mexico Toxas, before her
revolt in 1896, not having sufficient population t.
sntiue her to admission rs separate state SoVoI
eighty into the Mexican Union, was attached Ia the
State Il Coahuiln and the two constituted the DE-
psrtmcnt of Coahulla and Texas Coahuiia hes
mon the lilo Grandc and at least two hundred
| miles below the nearest point IN New Mexico NJ
| boundary dispute existed while Texas was part
Of Mexico and none could have arisen, because ~,
| .Iniis Of New Mexico had been clearly defined
! aud were matter Of public record Tor more than a
| century.
In 1885. for just causes a complaint, the peop!,
| Of Texas declared tor the Constitution OF ls2s
| which 1t was contended had boon subverted by
santa Auna the Federal Executive. and they AZ
| oeeled to other Ststes including New Mexico, tor
assistance to reestsbhsh it The appeal was gene
| rally disrcgarded. and IA March, 1886 Conveu
| non OF delegates OF the people Il Texas convene
| n w ashnst0n. on the Brazos. TO enquire INTO th1
state al the country, aud TO consider the necessity
| and cNpedicucy OF Independence. AZ this time
| & may be confidently asserted that the Govern
ments de- ji.lc and dc faot3 OF the several Mexican
| states resided scycraly IN the existing domestN
| Governments and such was preem.nenty the case
| with iae department Of New Mexico Ii We turn
| 10 our own Government We witness analogous con.
itOus and relations IN tins respect The state
Rights men OF the South would not ouy tell us that
! ,hc domestic Gov erumenis are tle Governments
Il fIcto aad dc lAFt over the territory ana pcopc
OF the respective States but further that when the
constitutional immunities q any one arr iniringed.
such State has the inherent right OF renedyinS the
| evil by secession irom the Juon. But proved
with the historical facts: The Texas Convention
procoeded TO set forth the grievances OF the people
iad Il vii BE observed that no complaint was
| made against any state of the Mexican Union but
he party in power at the City Of Mexico had sub
seyled tie Constitutional Government, SANTA Anaa
asd violated his pledges and BIS inaugural oath, AMI
tie Natioasl Congress had disregarded the inter.
ssts Of the people Of Texas. and treated their ps
atoms with contempt nc. &c These were the
complaints set forth in the Declaration Of lndepend-
auce The states. Individually had committed DO
tggrcssions ON the inhabitants OF Texas no COM
plants were uttered against New Mexico hut the