Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1850-01-03

ship canal. through the territory of that State,
to cor meet the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. have
direct ed the negotiation of treaty with Nlcara
qua hedging both governments to protect those
who Hall engage in and perfect the work All
other nations are invited by the State of Ncara-
guat enter into the same treaty stipulatons with
her: and the benefit to be derived by each from
such am arrangement, will be the protection of
this meat inter-oceanic communication against
any sprger which might seek to obstruct it or to
mono rolize its advantages. All States, entering
into Fuch treaty, will enjoy the right of pas
sage hrongh the canal on payment of the same
tolls.
The work. il constructed under these guaran-
tee will hecnme bond Of peace. instead of
sub iect Of contention and strife. between the ma
tior = of the earth. Should the great maro'ime
Sta es Of Europe consent to this arrangement,
fam, we kave no reason TO suppose that propo-
sitio,n SO fair and honorable will be opposed by
onv Nhe energies of their people and ours will CO
,,ne rate in promoting the success of the enter
,,rrs @. do not recommend any appropriation
+ xn the National treasury for this purpose nor
20 believe such an appropriation Is necessary
lsviva,e ente prise, it properly protected. viii
= nmpete the work should tprovc to he feasible.
The parties who have procured the charter from
e,ca rogua. for its construction desire no assis
nee from this government beyond its protec
ion; and they profess. that having examined the
,ronosed line of communication. they Will be
eady to commence the undertaking whenever
L nat protection shall be extended to them. -
S hould there appear TO be reason, on examn-
il lg the whole evidence, to entertain serious
d uubt of the practicability of constructing such
a canal that doubt could be speedily solved by
actual exploration Of the route.
Should such work be constructed, under the
om,non protection Of all nations, for equal bene-
II Is TO ALL it would be neither just nor expedent
Il hat any great maratime state should command
c Communication. The territory that the ca
nal ,say pass through ought to be freed from
the claims of any fnreign power. No such
power should occupy position that would ena
bic it hereafter to exercise so controlling an In
fuence over the commerce of the world, or to
obstruct highway which ongh to be dedicated
to The common USES of mankind
TIL routes across the lsthmus at Tehaun'epec
and Panama, are also worthy of our serious con-
slider: ,tion. They did rot fail TO engage the Al
tent m of my predecessor Tie negotiator OF
the ii eaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was instructed
to of er very large sum of money for the right
oftrs .nsit across the sthmus Of Teuanepec.-
The Mexican government did not accede IT, the
props lsition FIR the purchase of the right OF way.
prob ably because it had already contracted with
priv; ate individuals for the construction OF pas
sage from the Guascnaco river to Tehuantepec.
mot shall renew any proposition to purchase, tor
money, right which ought to be equally secur
ed to all nations, on payment OF reasonable toll
to the owners of the Improvement, who would,
doubtless, be well contented with that compensa
ton and the guarantees of the maratime States
of the world in separate treaties negotiated with
Mexico, binding her and them to protect those
who sh ,ud Construct the work. Such guaran
tees would do more to secure the co tpletlnn OF
the communication through the territory of Mex
leo t'an any other reasonable consideration that
could be offered and as Mexico herself would
be the greatest gamer by the opening OF this
communication between the Gulf and the Paclt-
ic ocean, it IS presumed that she would not hrsl
tare 10 yield her aid in the manner proposed, to
accomplish an improvement SO important to her
own best Interests
We have reason to hope that the proposed
railroad across the Isthmus at Panama will be
successfully constructed under the protection of
ths dh ts i fs4s which the perfect neu
trality of the Isthmus. and the rights OF sover
eli. My and pr perty Of New Granada over that
territory, "with view that the free transit from
ocean to ncean may not be interrupted or en-
barrassed" during the existence Of the treaty.
1t is our policy 70 encourage every practicable
route across the Isthlnus which connects North
and South America. either by railroad or canal,
which the energy and enterprise Of our citizens
may induce them to complete; and consider it
obligatory upon me to adopt that policy, espe'
cially in consequence Of the absolute necessity
of facilitating intercourse with our possessions
on the Pacific.
The position Of the Sandwich Islands, with
reference to the territory of the United States on
the Pacific the success of our perseVerlng and
benevolent citizens who have repaired TO thai
remote quarter in outstanding the natives and
intuci"g them to adopt system Of government,
and laws suited to their capacity and wants; -
and the Use made by our numerous whale ships
of the harbors of the islands a. places Of resort
for obtaining refreshments, and repairs, all
combine to render their destiny peculiarly inter
esling to us 1t is our duty to encourage the
authorities ofthose islands in their efforts to i'm
prove and elevate the moral and political cond
ton of the inhabitants; and we should make
reasonable allowances for the difficulties insep
arabic from this task. We desire that the 49,
lands may MAINTAIN their independence, anC
that other nations should concur with us in this
sentiment We could in no event be Indifferent
to their passing under the dominion of any othe
power. The principal commercial States have
in this a common interest, and It IS TO be hopet
that no one Of them will attempt 10 interpose OBJ
stacles to the entire independence of the is
lands.
The receipts into the Treasury for the fsra
year ending on the thrt;eth OF June last.were, il
cash, forty eight millions eight hundred ant
thirty thousand nnety-seven dollars and fifty
- cents, ($49, $50 097 50 and in Treasury notes
funded. ten millions eight hundred and thirty
three thousand dollars (l0,S33000,) making al
aggregate of fifty nine millions elk hundred anC
sixty three thousand ninety seven dollars ant
fifty cents 1858, G63,097. so y and the expendi
lures for the same time were in cash, forty 81
- millions seven hundred and ninety eight thou
sand six hundred and sixty-seven dollars ant
eighty. two cents. (46, 799,6H 49, and in Treas
ury notes flnaed, ten millions eight hundre
and thirty. three thousand dollars. $50 $4,000
making an aggregate of fifty seven millions 81
hundred and thrty-one thousand six hundre
and sixty seven dollars and eighty two cent
1857 63i ,667 82)
The accounts and estimates which will b
submitted to Congress in the Report OF tn
Sec etary of The Treasury show that there wi
probably be deficit occasloned by the exppn'
o. of the Mexican war and treaty, on the fir
day Of July next, of I'VE millions eight hundre
and twenty eight Thousand one hundred an
twenty -one dollars and sixty-six cents, (S592e
1911 G6) and IN the first day of july, 1851.
ten millions five hundred and forty seven tho
sand and nlanty-two dollars and seventy thrt
cents. (SIO547,092 73,) making in the whole
probable deficit, to be provided for, OF slxet
millions three hund ed and seventy-ave tho
sand two hundred and fourteen dollars and thi
ty-nlne cents (Sl63752i4 BY The extrao
binary EXPENSES OF the war with Mexico al
the purchase of California and New MeXic
exceed in amount this deficit, together with Il
loans heretofore made for those objects
therefore recommend that authority be given
borrow whatever sum may be necessary
cover tina, deficit. / recommend the obserVan
of srict economy in The appropriation and {