Weekly national intelligencer., 1850-05-25

principle upon which acted by offering the resolutions
which did the 10th January, 1901 and BY voting against
al the Of Congress upon the people OF Louisi-
during that session
t me repeat all these questions tQhe Of the
powers Of Congress that time new unsettled In
forming my upon hem had recourse only the
es OF my own understanding the the cons
recognised republican institutions and to the light
the discussions in both houses OF Congress upon that occasion
There precedent upon the record The annexation
foreign people the North American confederacy formed
in national annals The principles upon which
chat great change in condition be effected and the
forms by which to be made lawful contormaby the
theory of human rights involved considerations of
ntude of which yet all The laws of that
Louisiana have very recently been followed
az precedents in the annexation to this Union of the territory
and people Of Florida In the perfectly regular exercise
and tor purposes OF the most OF powers den-
teal with those assumed and granted by that little section
which have quoted, you have recently witnessed
against which the halls Congress- the streets of cities,
the SUBMITS of your mountains, and the echoes Of your val
have resounded with camors of violated rights and
eoastitutonal acts of despotsm. the
by General jackson in 1894 powers incompatible with
all insutons-twas in the assumption and by Con-
ess OF those powers in 1905 that the real
involved is small satisfaction that
e1abed TO refer to those votes which General
Sniys mputes thy motives Tor proof that from the
day that called public councils have
hed the Government OF your Union TO be Government of
limited powers that Congress could not lawfully exercise
and that powers themselves of transcendenal
cannot be assumed by construction incidental the
ed powers OF apparent import SO much more limited than
Among the citizens who in sos soi for all these
tons OF far inferior magnitude according my coneepton
have been less liberal in their indulgence constructive
is for either question their motives
coBciie their opinions with themselves" s@
Indeed, think, Mr.. President that all candid will
acknowledge that the vital principle of popular sovereignty
forth strongly this letter of Mr. Adams is quite dis
year s49 Mr. Calhoun, which, with ths view Of strength
Gns my attitude, if possible in the estimation Of the Senator
Eom Florida, will now read. It runs thus E.. .
tResosued That it is fundamental principle in poti-
flttfinn hasa
unconditional right torn and adopt the government which
they think best their liberty prosperity and
happiness and that, in conformity thereto other cond
imposed by the Federal Constitution
der be admitted into this Union, except that its
ton shall be republican and that the imposition of any other
by Congress would only be in violation the constitution
but in direct eonet with the principle which political
system rests" ,
Now Mr.. President, think we see here pretty plainly
what the doctrine of the Republican party ofsa3 AT that
time Mr. Adams member of IL as have already said,
and highly esteemed SUCH We what principles be act
ed when in the Senate Of the United States We plainly
that IN Virginia, and throughout the Union large, when
there great outcry in favor of what is called the estate
rights doctrines, Mr. Adamss letter recognised as entirely
nexceponabe in its character No then considered
madmaD, traitor the S Juth, who adhered to and
asserted the great fundamental principles of civil liberty To
these principles have been heretofore deroee and expect
20 remain such to the end Of my public and will
add that could renornce these principles now, even a
my support of them, should feel myself little worthy
TO represent the noble constituency who sent here, and
who have been pleased support humble efforts to
them upon this Dor with degree of appreciation Of which
far meroous than myself might be justly proud
shall press upon the attention of the Senate the
sound principles Of constitutional law contained IN this letter
OF Mr.. Adams. II unnecessary for he has SO distinctly
presented them, and cogenty enforced them aiso that
man whose mind properly constituted, and who Is
fnendy at heart to free institutions, fail to ac-
cord them his hearty homage and support But if the
doctrines promulgated by Mr.. Adams in 1928, repub-
fcan Presidential candidate, thus entitled to favor
able consideration, should like know how pens that
hear gentlemen who profess to belong to the State Rights
strict construction school, claiming for Congress not only
thoy establish Territorial Governments but authority also
laws designed have the effect in the Territories of
the Unon either Of mpang additional force and dignity to
rights already amply secured by the constitution ITSELF
which. if secured, have existence at ALL for
Tant of compatibility with that sacred instrument How is
chat gentlemen who have been heretofore jealous of all at
tempts the part of Congress legae the subject of
African slavery, and who have, with good too pro-
fsed fear that any Of legislation upon this delicate sub
- however trivial and unmPortint IN It's character, might
oeunner of aggression upon the rights OF the
South of the most appalling and runous nature-how it'll
these gentlemen that even single one OF this class
sf persons reconcile to his poprey to ask yea,
todemand the hands Congress positive legislation of most
substantial and vital character which, if it shall take
place with the sanction of the South, either express i'm
phed inevitably draw after it, and without much delay,
100, sweeping Congressional enactment which will utterly
eIeupyate avore domestic institution and plunge the
whole South in hopeless aud remedless ruin How is 1t
that proessed strict consuconss can contend for the ex
scse the part of the Federal Government OF power
which the most subtle and ingenious that the
pubic has Produced has been able to show had
fc least possible claim exist overtaned i'm
picaton confess that find self totally incapable OF un-
Outstanding of honorable gentlemen at this
Enmen and do seriously fear that they not so for
perfectly understand themselves and clearly to
4y the natural and inevitable consequences Of their
would be desirable they should be able to do st mo-
full ofdanger the South, ard to the whole Union
More especially is the conduct Of these gentlemen surprising
~ all that they seek obtain at the hands of Congrss, by
unconstitutional enactment will be much more easily
hca they shall have been duly organized, whose solemn
duty will be to afford protection security, and prosper
vitality all rights of property of whatever kind or de-
szpdon not incompatible with the constitution of the United
STATES This obligation afford protection to rights Of pro-
petty general will, Of course have peculiarly forcbe ap-
aon those rights Of property specially guaranteed by the
constitution ITSELF
Mr. COOPER, of Pennsylvania, (from his seat,) sug-
ed remarkable coincidence between the recent speech OF
.tieaera Cass and the doctrine of Mr.. Adamss letter.
Mr.. FOOTE. Yes sir, is true that such coincidence
docs exist and much struck with it almost to
ci surprise Learning from my honorable friend from
Michigan that he hal recently Mr.. Adamss letter,
an that he had indeed distinct recollection Of having
read it a, e. should have suggested this coincidence
scf, but for the fact that regarded by having
oSewccnng admiration for the distinguished Senator from
Michigan, and very particular sympathy in his political
frtmes. ...
Mr. President, Icxpect be asaied account Of my hav
ing undertaken thus frankly and unresevedy to declare my
Sews upon this profoundly Interesting and important sub
ct Il is almost impossible that shall BE- fortunate to
Escape attack both here and elsewhere. Thank Heaven,
enough, prepared all such hostility let il but
IN and parliamentary form, and shall
<yla.Hy about whole