Polynesian. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu], Hawaii) 1844-1864, 1850-11-09

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filtration: in all cases the sugar has all crys-
tallized easily, and without any signs of mo-
lasses.
l examined by means Of the apparatus Of
polarization, after the method adopted by M.
Clerget, the sugars proceeding from the va
rious processes, and found first, that the
crystallized masses gave direct notation
almost exactly identical with that which they
offered after inversion, the difference in eth
er case being compounded with the errors Of
observation, indicated transformation Of
sugar, in every case, particularly insignii-
cant or none at all: second that the portions
still liquid, where the dissolved sugar ought
to have concentrated, taken from many sam
pies after crystallization was almost complete,
possesses the optic qualities of cane sugar
strictly, so called, DETECTING to the right the
plane Of polarization, and giving direct no
tation almost identical with that observed
after inversion. Consequently whether in
its crystalized state, or in the concentrated
products of the final syrups, the sugar which
has been submitted to the action of bi-sul-
phite Of lime, when the dose is not too large,
nor the action of heat continued too long
behaves exactly as if it had been dissolved
in pure water, and then submitted to the
same tests. had right to expect then that
bi-sulphate Of lime, used as a body greedy
of oxygen, and as an antiseptic, would oper-
ate without any pernicious influence on the
sugar if it were applied cold to the beet
raspings or ground canes, in such way as to
mingle Immediately with the juice at the very
moment each cell containing it is ruptured.
had reason to expect that in its presence,
the sugar would undergo the action of heat,
necessary for defecation without detriment.
In this operation supposing it to be conduct
ed like the previous ones, the lime employ
ed would cause the bi-sulphate to disappear
by neutralizing it: would leave the juice
purified of ali fermentation, and all matters
capable of producing them, and prepared for
evaporation without any loss of sugar. But
soon perceived that the bi-sulphite Of lime
was endowed with peculiar qualities, which
brought it to my attention in a new aspect
White of egg-blood- of egg in emul-
sion-milk stirred into water, and mixed
with bi-sulphite of lime, coagalate entirely
at 100 degrees. The liquids filtrated and
submitted to evaporation gave a residuum IL
which could detect very minute portions
only of azotic matters, mixed with the sugar
of milk, or the salts peculiar TO those matters
To its antiseptic properties then and to it:
faculty Of absorbing oxygen gas from the at
mosphere ,bi-sulphte of lime unites the char.
acter of thorough defeating agent. fell
I bound then to examine it in this point o
view.
| l mixed 50 grammes sugar candy, 25t
cubic centimetres milk, $50 cubic cent?
meteres water and so cubic centimetres of q
solution Of bi-sulphate of lime at 10 degree:
Baume. l boiled it, filtered it to separate
the coagulum. The concentrated liquor
gave upon ystalization, a perfectly cry ystal
llzed mass, which examined without desicca
ton and without publication, in its crud,
state, gave o. parts of sugar by direct nota
tion, and 93--5 after inversion by bydrochlo
ric acid. The defecation had been easy ant
complete. The sugar was preserved per
lectly intact. The water adhering to th'
CRYSTALS, the salts of milk united with ths
sugar in the residuum, explains why in lon
parts residuum there were only found abou
90 Of sugar.
In another experiment used so gramme
sugar candy, half of the yolk Of an egg mix
ed, 25 cubic centimetres milk, IS cubic
centimetres of a solution Of bi-sulphate lime
I45O cubic centimetres Of water. This mix
ture boiled and filtered gave liquid which
+ crystalIized without any perceptible Produc
tion of molasses. The apparatus of polari
cation indicated e5.5 parts of sugar by di
rect notation and 80 parts after inversion
Therefore there was nothing there but can
, sugar except the IL 90 representing tn
. hyprometric water, excess of sui lphites, salt
of milk SC. Bi-sulphite of lime at a TEN
perature of 100 degrees, acts then as de
, fecator, it separates albumen, caseum, an
as will be shown, all azotic matters Of a
analogous nature which exist naturally in tn
beet root and sugar cane. 1t effects thl
Iseparation without any loss or transforma
Ition of sugar, other than what may be estl
, mated at one or two per cent. Of the Who'll
mass, and which cannot be computed in ex
periments of this kind. 1t renamed to &C
: count for the part the bi-sulphite Of lin
plays as preventive of colonization in sugar
liquids. The color in sugary liquids fur
nshed by the beet or the cane, arise fror
four principal causes;-
ii ist. These matters contain coloring sui
: stances dissolved in their juices:
I .2nd. The contact of the pulps with tn
air rapidly generates new coloring matters
which unite with the former:
3rd. The heat employed in evaporation b
changing portion of the sugar, OF sui
y stances combined with it also forms colorin
matters:
r 4th. The contact of the atmosphere wit
1 the lime as well as ammonia assisted by tn
action of heat, also produces them, durin
d the evaporation of juices alkalized by tlm'
d The bi-sulphite of lime discolors almo
t instantaneously, and very completely the CO
1 oring matters which exist ready formed
y the cane and the beet; 1t prevents the form;
ton of coloring matters, which the air prt
e duces by its contact with-their pulps: it als
e prevents the production Of those which al
e generated during evaporation, and esPecIa
ly those which require for their formation tn
e concurrence of the air with free alkai!.-
e The discoloring power Of bi-sulPhte@f I'M o.