Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1850-09-20

themselves respectively all such questions. They ara 10 /
adjusted by negotiation, mediation, arbitration, and ne
other resources which are almost minnie, Of amicahs W ~
justment; and beyond this no remedy Is provided. and !, -
scarcely possible any can 30 necessary; They are to be SET.
not to menti. n many others. 1
There are other provisions of the Constitution which m,.,
be violated before new Mexico can be brought into ~
Union as a State. 80
The Constitution declares that no person shall be a 80.
sentative who shall not have attained the age Of twen,y.fva
nor a senator who shall not have attained The age of H., in's
and been, in the case OF a representative, seven years. anal
the case OF II senator, nine years a citizen OF the Un,'ii
States; and who shall not, when elected, he nm inha.i,,n, y
The State in which he shall be chosen. Now, sr, how .smj.
requisition OF the Constitution 10 DC complied With H.
many persons are there in New Mexico qualified for ,.n,"
sentatives and senators? | see my friend from New Ynr.
Nj. DYER SMILES. He doubtless recollects that this oh,a"
ion was urged in the case OF the admission of Texas s,,I
probably thai | answered it on this floor. But | uni shIr
him they are not analogous. There were in Texas =,
the time OF her admission at least one hundred tbor.
sand persons who were native American citizens. /,
vas true they had expaiiated themselves, and were ~ In,
time citizens of Texas. l showed, however, by the !,y -
nations, IA recognized b. our own courts, tha, the m,tua,,
they were brought again under our jurisdiction they becam-
restored TO their original rights and privileges. They be-.
came al once, in The language oil lnrsts. redtntegr1te citizens
But there are not 1000 American citizens in New aey.co
The most authentic accounts do not make the number greater
than five hundred, and no account maneS them more than
twelve hundred. For the Argument, let Us suppose that there
are that number. Nearly one half OF them are females
More than half of the reminder are under The a.es OF ,wr,.
ty-liye and thirty. So that the range within which the &c.
lection vi a Representative and two Senators would be con.
fntt-SuNJDslDI Il.rt are NtINC huE!ILa Americans tltE
is about three hundred persons. The truth IS. IT would he
confined within narrower limits. vi The sort OF people Of
whom this number is composed. this house is pretty vel IN.
formed. ii j. certain they are not such as would BE- likely
TO be elected Senators ana r. representatives. in the old States
or they would not be in New Mexico. VIII anybody sei.
ously contend, 10 .ivea Representative on TINS foor and ,wo
Senators 10 such a numher ~ rers! ms, w'u,! not be an OUT.
rage upon the spirit Of our institutions! WIN ANYBODY ssY
that such Il people should nave III the Senate an equal vote
with New York, Virginia. and the other States, in deciding
upon the great interests III this nation!
/ I'm pr shown The narrow rance IN when TIE selection II
Representatives and Senators would be confined. Letus
now see wha, sort u people would be The electors. lyon
his point ] prefer 10 draw upon Dir. Webster. | can sly
nothing which will carry win 1t the same weight o: -.
rhoritv, or which is So graphic. In speech which he &c.
Iivered in the Senate in March, lo4a, he thus describes ias
people OF New Mexico:
New Mexico is secluded. isolated-a place by itsef-in
the middle Of The mountain-fve hundred miles, | believe,
from Texas.
RISK. Five hundred miles from the settled portion
of Texas.
not belong anywhere. II has no belonging ABOUT H. 81.
nj This moment. il j. absolutely NOR" retired, ana smut ou;
from communication with the civilized world, man the >an.-
wich Islands, or most OF the Islands IN me racine lean.
II presses hard on Typee, and the people are ihhni'eiy less
elevated in mind and condition than The people u the SAID
wich Isl,nds-far less worthy OF our association liar les Il,
10 send their Senators here, than are The inhabitants 81 TIE
Sandwich Isl1uds-ar less worthy are they than The better
classes of Indians in our neighbothood. Comment ne 10
the Cherokees, the Chociaws-ii you please, 10 SPEAK otlAe
pawnees. the Blackftei, and ,he Snake Indian, and Tie Fat
heads-anyihing except the - Indians, ana am sA'i>ae!
ai,b ,hem instead Of the People OF New Mexico. TEay
have no notion OF our institutions. or oil rny iTec insi't-
tons. They have no norion of popular government "hy. Mt
the slightest-no, the siirhiesi on earth. anc IN. Ia sion
is asked what will be their constitution II Is farci,al 10
talk Of such u people making q consultation. me! conc:
know the meaning OF the term. iiIty do NOT know - I'M
mort: they know nothing al all about IL. AEd can Tel YOU,
sir that when We have made "a Territory. and " isa To nlAe
il, a State, such a constitution as tie Executive po"eFot
his Government thinks fit To send them, will he sent and
adopted. The Constitution Of our fellow citizens OF New
Mexico will he fram,< in the City Of Washington. Now,
what says Colonel II ,rtin, in regard 10 New M'xIco-ihat
most llmentei and distinguished officer, whoia l wen knew
az a member of the other House, anu whose deatl III
most deeply deplpr,? He gives a description oi New Mex
leo, md speaks Of the people OF that country ~ these terms:
1.-THE proplc are on n par with their land. One in two
hundred or five hundred is rich, and lives like a natot; the
resi- are poems, or servants sold for debt, who worK Tor their
masters, and are as subservient as The slaves OF The South,
look like lniians; aud, indeed, are not more capable ot
81 "a, ernnent. One man, JAG bus Sanch'z, owns three
tourihs OF all the land or column has passed over in Mexico.
We are told we have seen The best part oi Northern Mexico;
If So, the whole Of il is not worth much
~ need not read The whole extract. He speaks OF all
Northern Mexico, and New Mexico is not the better OF 1t
Sir, there il "A recent traveller, who is not nn'riendiy TO the
Cniiei States, II | may Judge from lis works, Ion he CON-
mcnds us everywhere. He is an Engli-hman and his name
is Ruxton. ] believe his work is in The library, and SUI.
pose that gentlemen have read it. He gives an accounto!
ihr morals and manners OF the people, ana Ar. President
and senator's, | sill take leave IA Introduce you Ia these, Your
soon -to-b c.~respericd fellow citizens Of New Mexico:
" III il remaiktlr. that although existing from the earliest
times of the colonization o. NV Mexico. Il period ot two
centuries, in a state Of continual hostility with The nrnmer-
Gus savage tribes OF Indians who surrounded their territory,
and in constant Insecurity ui He aGc property rom lltir
attacks; being also far removed from the enerytiing influence
of large cities and in their isolated situation, entirely depend
ent on their own resources, the inhabitants are totally aestl-
OF those qualities which, for the above reasons. we
might naturally have expected 10 distinguish them, and are
as deficient in energy of character and physical courage, rs
they are in all the moral and intellectual qualities. In their So
state, but one degree removed from the vericst savnges.
they might take lessons even from these in morality and the
conventional decencics OF lie. Imposing no restraint on their
passions. a shameless and universal concubinage exists, and
a total disregard al moral law. 10 which II would be impos-
sibe 10 find a parallel in any country calling itself civilized.
4 want oflonorablc principle, and consummate duplicity and
characterize Nil their dealings. Liars by nature,
they are treacherUus and iiithless 10 their friends, cowardly
and cringing u their enemies; cruel, rs all towards are, they
unite savage ieroci,y with thei. want of animal courage;
rs an example Of which, their recent massacre of Governor
Bent. and other Americans may be lven-one OF a hum
dred instances
Zone gu, of a hundred instances and these are soon to
be our beloved counrryme NJ
How prophetic these remarks, How precisely has the re-
salt fulfilled the predicfionl Such 4 people have no notion
of free Government. As Mr.. Webster predicted, ,heir con.
sri,ution has been framed in the civ vi Washington; and
they have adopted just such a constitution rs the Executive
saw fl 10 send Them.
New Mexico will not be in a condition 10 come into ,his
Union in twenty years. If she ever will be. New Mexico
was settled prior II 1890. several years before the setilemen;
AT J jamestown. lis population is not 81 great now, as II was
a hundred years ago. Gregg, a most reliable authority. says
in his Commerce Ut the Prairics, published last year, III We
exclude the unsnhlugaicd savages, the entire population Of
New Mexico, including the Pueblo Indians. cannot be sci
down, according IL The best estimates / have been able %
obtain, at more than 10000 souls. These are divided as ~.
lows; White Crenle>. say 1000; Mestizoes or mixed Gre.
$1,000 and Pueblo Indians 10 eco; al nainri!ized Cit.
zens the number is incon> Acknowledgement twenty; and !!
we except transient Traders, there are not over double as ma.
ny alien residents" Gregg is of opinion thai New Mexico
can never sustain a much larger population than this. he
saws that the necessity of irrigation has confined,
and no doubt will continue 10 contine, agriculture
principally TO the valleys of the constant flowing streams.
In some Places the crops are frequently cut short
by the drying mp of the streams All OF the land suscepn.
BILE OF cultivation is now in cultivation. ], Is true, Their
agriculture is very rude; and no doubt American enterprise
would increase its product. But The New M.xicans live
upon very little-less than half Of what our people require;
and consequently consumption will increase, as our people
go there faster than production.
lam anxious 10 organize ii territorial government for New
Mexico, and to Keep her IN a territorial condition until the
time arrives, If il ever shall, when she will be In a condition
to come into the Union. A territorial government was what
the people themselves declared in favor of aud asked of US
10 extend TO them, until The Interference Of the Executive
induced them 10 firm a State constitution. But, sir, / ne
yer will agree IN admit her as a State, until the character
and number of her population will authorize il.
MARRIED..
MARRIED, on the 18Th instant. By Raw. George Woodbridge, AZ.
DREW JOHNSTON. 10 Miss RoSlNA w, daughter OF William
Greauer, Esq ali OF this civ.