New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1850-07-30

ton ard cenent ard not n stlpalahtOu iot ~~SH W
preston and ruin. What then, IL the time when
New Mexico oueh, to be admitted That time has
come, Sir. when The adm ssion OF New Mexico, no.
IS q province. is Necessary 20 rave the liberty OF
the people and the integrity Other territory. Thar
Is the time, and that time hss row come; for both
Ge in danger. The liberties OF New Mexico are
il danger Of being subversed by an Absorption BY
the stste OF Texas, and ner sexual existence 10 en-
DANCE ed by the efforts Of that State 10 bring about
her suhjugston by force. What answer shall be
siven 10 me upon this point Sri There 10 no An
sver exc ept u Re that New Mexioois not IN q con-
diton 10 be admitted But New Mexico fuldlls al
the ccrdtious which you have ever required tor
the ada i.sicn Of any State into the Union. There
is bat ore condition which the Consultation reeog
Mics and thst 10 that she shall present hepae-
hcsn form Of Government. New Mexico falhus
that condition You have before you established
precedents by which you have required poPaa-
ton Of q given amount Of numbers 20 constitute
State. That number 10 number Sufficient 70 elect
one Member Of Congress New Mex'cofalhlls that
condition for she has hundred thousand souls
she has population lrger than Texas when that
CON immunity Was admitted az state. She has q
population two thirds az large a. that OF Texa-
Sixty thousand citizens were needful to enttle
the State Of Ohio 70 sdmisson-sixty thou
send were al that were required ior
Michigan, Indiana Illinois, Iowa, and Florida
and New Mexico exceeds them al by more than
two thirds Of the number required. Bat we have
been told that the condition Of these people was
such that they were unit for self goversmsnt and
therefore should be denied admission. Sir IL Ia too
late TO rsise that objection. They are citizens Of
the United States; and no man maintaining the
capacity of man for self government can maintain
that ninety thousand people-cit xens OF the nitsd
States, recognised a. such by its Consultation, its
treaties, and its aws-are Incapable OF the func.
Tons OF self government. | know that IL 10 said
that you will govern them better than they could
govern II emselves and bow will you govern them
better What 10 the guaranty that you are offer
| ing them OF governing them better than they can
govern themselves IL Is the proposition to dis
member their territory and TO subvert their Const-
tntion. They are mingled sopulstion--a populs-
ton marked by characteriGtcs which have resulted
from the extraordinary ~ stem OF colonz alton and
Of government maintained by Old Spain In her
ptovinces-a policy peculiarly different from our
own, and marked by very different resalth in its
Influences upon the people. The settlement OF the
colonies Of Spain proceeded altogether from q
thirst for sold, and nothing else. The government
which Spain exercised over the colonies was the
government OF jealous, arbitrary authority, exer-
csed for the purpose solely Of deriving the utmost
possible profit from her colonies The coloniz alton
OF these States was the result OF ardent thirst
not for sold bat for liberty and the consequences
which resulted are seen 10 the widely different
character Of the two populations. The people OF
the U Dited States have grown up by slow degrees.
1t was one hundred and twenty years after the
first attempt at colonization by the Anglo Saxons
before any forms OF well established Institutions
were found on this continent The career of the
Spaniards, on the other hand, was brilliant and
successful. The whole Of the Spanish portion Of
this continent rose into viceroyalties. which were
filed with wealth, and splendor. and pride.
But after the lapse of another hundred years, We
that the Anglo-Ssxon power has gone on steadi-
y increasing until 1t has converted the whole or q
large portion OF the northern part OF the continent
by subug ation while the Spanish portion 10 decay
Ig sno declining, and falls an easy prey to ooa-
quest The ADglo-Saxon colonization left the M
tive Inhabitants Of these countries out Of its SYM
patty, and il left them bsrbsrous and savage, aad
they remained so. But the peculiar influences OF
the religion which the colonista OF Spain carried
into her new territories operated successfully In
winning the Indians to Christianity and 10 partial
civilization; and We have, therefor this extraor
binary fact that while we exclude Indians or
aborigines from the possession OF liberty and tho
rights Of citizens In our own States and In our own
country, we have conquered the abori9ines In Span
ish portions OF the continent for the purpose Of
making them citizens, and have extended to them
the rights OF citizens. 30, Sir, the population Of
| New Mexico conaists Of some two thousand peopab
| OF the European race, and chiefly Anglo Saxons
then of some ten thousand OF the Creoles, or the
| descendsnts Of the Spanish colonisis, and sixty
thousand Indians, more Or less mixed in blood but
civilized and chrstianized My motion, cir, 10 10
bring this extraordinary and peculiar population
| into the United States a. State Of this Union
and il 10 a motion upon which shall stand and
stand so long as grace and strength are given mo
10 s.and for any thing. But Biz, II the question
were now whether tnss people should be invited
10 share in the Government OF this Union should
answer DO. II the question was whether the Pab.
lie Treasury sbouldspour forth money TO bring this
population into this Union a. State, should say
no. Still more, If the proposition were TO conquer
this people, to bring them into the Union, should
resis. 10 the last Bot those questions have all
gone by. You have brought, you have conquered,
and you have stipulated TO bring them in. not a.
Territories, az Provinces but a. States. You can
not do this except you give them the power OF
state--the privileges and prerogstiyes Of State.
They are, according 10 all histories and oil travel
ers, an inohersve, timorous and docle people
They are In many Of these respects very different
from the population OF the United States. The
question now 10, not whether they shall be gov.
erned by us, but what the form OF Government that
Is to be exercised over them. That 10 the only
question. You can secure 70 them the same rights
OF citizenship, the rights OF property and protection
Of their territory efectusly, In no other way bat by
giving them the Constitution Of State. This bill
betrsys upon is face-the whole debate betsys--
the truth Of this proposition. Sir. New Mexico 10
ohliterated from the memory OF the Senate OF the
United States. Ii II name no longer 10 be an
nounced here IL u name no longer 70 be spoken
and the Territory Of New Mexico IL nov spoken Of
not a. New Mexico, bat a. vacant territory OF the
United States. But New Mexico has Just exactly
the same rights In coming into this Union, that Tex
a. bad. She 10 annexed by conquest and Texas by
treaty; but Texas was admitted into the Union BY
treaty a State, and New Mexico was admittedinto
the Union by treaty 10 be converted into State.
There 10, then, only one question arising out OF this
subject and that fs whether IL il necessary for the
projection Of the people of New. Mexico that they
sbsl be admitted a. q State noe. That IL the
question in dispute, stated in the way most favora-
bic 10 those who oppose the interests Of New'Aex-
leo There Is q boundary In dispute between the
people Of New Mexico and Texas. The Govern
ment of the United States IL now engaged In pro-
yiding for the settlement OF that boundary. Texas
is State, and 10 represented here, and she 10 In
vited to appoint Commissioners, a. an equal Of the
United States for the settlement Of this boundary.
Ney.A Mexico the equal Of Texas la right In iustice