Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1850-09-24

,iv ON the citizens reference private rights, and was
J,,ed 10 come within the general puview Of power 10
% and impose Duties imposs &C. and TO be beyond the
d;narv functions of State action. This with Texas
POLITICAL question: not affecting private ghs OF czehs ~
p,;nall, hut matter of Jurisdiction and boundary, IN
bich the State unit an independent sovereign, IS ony
oncerned and which 1t is by the message distinctly a
d comes within The scope of her regular State action
H. tho controversy with South Carolina, there was d'hcuy
and peplexy induced by the nature Of the laws sogh. "
be arrested II was insisted win much piauSiohity IL
49,, =. the laws eng those Of revenue must by the Coh-
,ion he uniform and conesscdly come within the terms
- ,.r,ed power insunuch that their unconsiituonnhy
mus, bc maintained the ground ot the intention - pro-
" ry,d in hut rot ayowed by them, they could not De
d hv he State without subverting the revenue $! stem
for all the other States rs well as herself ana without h
v.llina entirely beyond her competency ana lhc scope ~ ~
si ~ nowers Hence il insisted The compulsory
.,ian o the laws Of the United States might be enoFct
as m. citizens of South Carolina, without conflict WIN
nc, hu, rented as n mere nuliiy In candor, must
saw suc considerations did not change my a.,
III admitted the embarrassment III which tey Puh9.u
a. r.on Of the right They scer!ed 10 casc
!; ~, , ,he r 10 coerce State merely into right 10 en-
ec tl. aw against individual citizens but my "lh
-, r,s rh, he State in the last resort me fehul
,uigs nj lie unconsrituonay Of any laws anu o'h ~
The ioneIag Of The Virginia resolutions Of =. eh'l'' n
n ,,v nund in ease deliberate and DANGEROUS h'ac-
-; IN. Constitution 10 nicrpase arrest The progress
Of III. evil and maintain within her limits lie nnhoriSs'
rights and ibcles appeTthnis u irf' a,'Vu rhe'S @
in her competency determining the ulois ana measures u
IN he resen, case such spccious pe'ences cannot be as
't md no such embarrassment exist The question
i lily with Satc-a political question, relative 10
boundary and jurisdiction, which admitted 10 come WIN
in her competency 1t IS no matter oi mere private rSn
nav r directly concerned in relation 10 IT, The
cumDulsoy action OF the United States Is directed not
aaais, the private citizen but against the civil posse, or the
militia OF Texas. The State as political community Is
coerced aud her citizens aFrayed under the eggs :" h" M
thoriry and protection, deliberately shot down rms
trunsccnds any former assumption OF Federal power and
claimed, tits, Tor the Executive aioe NO" revolving ana
TINS claim Mr. Chairman of the Federal Government TO
udre and enforce lis own powers inevitably change
.,l.r CHA ui
federated republic OF States To consolidated government ol
one people Ii the States the creators and grinlors OF The
limited powers delegated not permitted to Judge and de-
lend the rights reserved 10 hem while unlimited power Of
Construction and coercion conceded 10 the creature
and agent who fail 10 predict the speedy accumulation
o all coveted powers In The hands oil The atttr frac-
cay il must become government of unlimited powers
despols converting the States into dependencies and
Municipalities The letter Of the Constitution will be
barrier AZ trail gosslmer web. II behooves then, all
The States 10 maintain in full validity and extent the power
of defending their rights but the States of the
South puss.ssed o great minority interest their pospe
rly safety perhaps their very existence is staked upon It.
The domiianr majority is, ana be- with the northern
and free States. CnScrupulous and ustiui Of power as
majority ever is OF the South have, al This time, the
grayes reasons apprcond lis dres encoachmcntS The
n,alion s, o aboli,onsu is spreading with rapiiy
and nm intensity cannot bc too vivdiy realized ns-
ling lis peIncuus from the cradle Of infancy 10
the as-ongtossing with It's tell mlsepresentl-
tons all the avenues the northern mind working through
the scuool.iastcr pulpit and The pessinyoking 10
lis aid alike the GENEROUS sympathics and nSid!ous
l.,,1,. -, ,h. uus,.s- has rooted, almost unvcr-
sally in the CONVICTIONS vi the northern people 4
sentiment of the abhorrent nature and exec, ding
s!niulnes vi the institutions vi the South This sentiment
receives and visor from deusive conceptions VI po
pu!ar liberty among the natives OF The North IL IS
with sill avdity embraced and acted upon by the hun
deds thousands u. ioreign enigans VINO annually pour
into the Morrill, wholly unnofIed III the nature OF our IN
stuluns and possessed only BY the crut.s notions oi UNI
y.lsa liberty and equality. Under all these concnFFing ANA
!ncreasin. influences hardly stange That this a.i$!t
very sentiment should have changed from latent Ia
live operative principle From private conc!ses has pass
I'd into popular u>s.hlges. has controlled elections and
embraced bv paie until II has found adin~n and
established asc,ndancy IN the legislative bodies oil the Aoii
Dsrgarding ali relations of union und fraternity which
should The States and overlapping all the
restraints duty and Constitutional vbga!on has enbo-
died Itself in hostile ur nvdious legislation in many
aud among the nhl ni States Il the Morrill,
Hivng accomplished lis work IN The State governments vi
The sections mas nIrGd,d s btnenl Presence
in the Halls Federal legislation. The dominant malui!-
IL here acknow ledge influence. another
crouch submissive ia mandates. Even i'll that most
guarded repository under This Government o the nights OF
tie States He Senate II has otused in nrosin9 power
aud accomplishment III ruit ends, has openly
proclaimed lw higher Obligation than the Constitution
and The sanctions solemn oath. lnder the specious
preirnce e-sos in The list and present Congress, II
s-d, sling des!ces BIT with uncnangng
consistency PURPOSE in unerng the South ol all rlshts
the late magnificent acquisition vi our common Govern
and devons the whole I" lis grand END m an-s!Se-
pIopagandism Sir, oil The safeguards OF the Consu-
non all barriers vi the Souh protection and defence
under this government have disresaded and
smp-, down. The principle prevails with mos-is ac-
knowedgd by that the majority IN Congress, judy
Ing and executing its puwer must rule and sal' he SUB
The only reliance security and refuge leit,
in the jurisdiction aud reserved powers vi the States They
receive partial acknowledgement and sempancr of
respect. Every consideration vi safety! prosperity, and
power the present and future rnlons On The saschod.
ing States assert and maintain III their full latitude and
s.sor, all tie functions the State goyrinmcns-a the
pow inallenaDe sovereignty the States.
10 rely partial representation in the Federal Legs-
protection the steady encroachmens oi
sectional MAJORITY were 10 rest IN broken reed III were
scarce nuckrry than would have been recommended
lion fathers the Revolution In rer their repre-
sena,iyn in Parliament when the astute English lawyer
tlni all
held uf TIE Crown by the tenure oi the manor OF Earl
Greenwich and that consequently the member from that
place the representative ot Ill America In unhappy
Ireland, The worst governed and most oppressed perhaps,
nations have the practical example how much
such err, scEtaiion Byails. She integral part
the Bits, eupIr and has her proportion Representatives
in Parliament. Yet, since her union. even more than
when dependency have her tong millions groancd
the misery, and the of starvation,
der the rapacty and vi the English majority No,
: Separate commuuitycvery minority Inter
.st ~ he secure must br able and willing 10 protect itself
The last eet-anchor Of hopes and safety is in The
Staes, whose rights must be maintained at every az nd
II the pretensons Of this pass into ghtfu prece
dent To rule The future action OF this government what Sc
CURLY defence Tor adned powers remain 10 The States
Whenev controversy with any Of them alleged 10
exist or may be- is rumped sinister purposes by the
Executive nj the Union IS he the whole power o the
Union to maintain the CLAIM construed " himself and
10 crush The State that esists Plausible pe,ences
such controversy wnn,ng 10 the apacity OF
They be found in clauses OF the Constitution such
rs the obligation guaranty 10 each State republican
form OF government and many others. It may pro-
gress aotionis he alleged by The Executive
ted by many here, that slayeholdng not
republican, BY the action Of the Government conlcm
plated here, example will be set OF purchasing with tile
# funds of the Union, the territory claimed by
OF the sasehodng States To convert into free SOIL Where
will this end May next slaves be purchased To mike
further free soil And necessary find of
oversy may they not be readily found in casual dnFban
nced perhaps for the design Of invoking Federal u
dicion According the late ohm O. Adams, Federal
authority would then be wanting The whole pctension
Of coercion vi States be repealed else there is real
safety.
But Mr.. Chairman. my waning hour compes to for
bear from further illustration this point and To proceed
the consideration OF the preences asserted in the message
for this extraordinary claim OF power. They
untenabe and in diiec conflict with other positions of the
same The first position in The presented BY
President, for his Justification is tina, Texas have
jurisdiction in Mexico, because beyond her Ihtul linn
and in the Of the United States This involves
necessarily the determination by the President in the first
instance of the rghtu boundaries of Texas and New MeS
and Of the character and OF the possession OF the
United States. Yet, understand hin 10 concede that for
the determination of these boundaries legal adjudication
the Of The United States and Texas
quiste. As there certainly and as hold constitution
ally be created courts Of competent jurisdiction de-
IS eide the question: that alternative may be dismissed from
d of in