Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1850-12-03

bores in tho mines compelled 10 dispose Of their gold ds
at large discount This appears 10 ME 10 be heavy aud VII
just tax upon the labor OF those employed IN extracting this
cous metal and doubt you will be disposed al tie Garlic.
period possible 10 relieve ien from by the establishment
mint III the mean time a. assaycrs Office established hct
would respectfully submit for your consideration hrproprcty
authorizing gold bullion, wl: has been aged ami stamped
e received payment Of Government dues cannot conc en-
that the treasury would slr amy loss by such PROVISION wlGc
will al once raise bullion par valnc and lccy save Ut
am rightly mionncD many millions Of dollar 10 the ah"rer
which paid III brokerage hi~ prcc"s iIin
into available funds This discount upon their hard earnings
heavy laN and every effort should bc made v tn t"venn'
10 relieve them from great burden.
More than three fonrihs of population engaged
the cultivation of the SOIL The commercial nanu
and navigating interests ALL great extent depende
on the agricultural. 1t is, therefore, the most important u
tecst OF the nation and has Just claim to The fostering ca
and protection of the Government far they can be
tended consistently with the provisions Of the Consto'
As this be done BY ordinary modes OF legsatio
respectfully recommend the establishment OF Agrich
iura Bureau Ia be charged with The duty OF giving 10 tp
leading IiaGch Of American industry the encouraeem'''
which III SO well deserves. In view OF the immense mil
raj resources Of country, provision should also te ms
Tor the employment OF competent mineraogst and che
ISL who should be required under the direction OF me %
OF the bureau collect specimens al the various miner
OF our country and 10 ascertain, 10y careful analysis I'M
respective elements and properties and their adaptation -
useful purposes He huu also be rnqned examine 40
report upon the qualities Of different soils and the manus
best calculated to improve their poduclvcness Nv po
fishing the results Of such experiments, with suitable exl
nations and by the collection and distribution o rare Ct -
and plants with instructions 10 the best system oI c1
vn,ion much may be done 10 promote this great nato'
interest. ,
In compliance with the OF Congress- passed The 81
Of May 1880 providing, among other things l"r taking m
seventh census, superintendent was appointed ana '"
other adopted which deemed necessary TO y
sure the prompt and faithful performance of that duty h
appropriation already made will is believed be sufficient"
delray The whole expense of The work. hut further legla
ton may be necessary regard TO the compensation oi SOM
Of the marshnls of the Territories Ii viii also be prope -
make provision by law enry day for the publication u
such abstracts OF the returns as The public interests may
quire.
fc wealth and population, and The consequent Increase
their social and commercial relations with the Allan,
States 10 render il the duty of Government 10 use al
its constitutional power 10 improve the means of nercou'
witt them The importance Of opening IA line
ncaon the best and most expeditions OF which the natu
Of The country will admit between The valley OF The M
sisspp and The Pacific brought 10 your notice by "
predecessor in his annual message; and as The whi
he presented in favor OF the still exist in full tor
beg leave Gull your attention TO hcn and TO repeat tie
recommendations then made by him.
The uncertainty which exists in regard the yaidyo
land titles III California is subject which demands your ar
ly consideration Large bodies of land III that State re
claimed under grants said 10 have been made by authority OF
tho Spanish and Mexican Governments Many Of tlrse
have not been perfected others have been revoked aud s
believed 10 be fraudulent. But until they shall have ben
udiciay investigated they will continue 10 rtard The el-
Element aud Improvement o The country lhcreiorere'
specially recommend that provision be made ny law lohe
appointment o commissioners all such claims
with view 10 Their final al Iisnenl.
also beg leave call attention tho proprie OF
extending, al an early day, system OF land laws It'll
such notifications b. necessary the State Of a
mineral lands OF California will OF course form an eA'
ton any general system which may be- adopted Naou:
methods OF disposng of them have been suggested wa'
first inclined To favor the system OF leasing rs II seemed
TO promise the largest revenue 10 The Government and I'll
ford the best security against mouopocs; but further rccc
on and experience in leasing the lead mines and selling
lands upon credit have brought my mind 10 the conclusion
that there would be great difficulty in collecting the rents
that the relation of debtor ard CREDITOR between the citi
and the Government would be attended with many mis-
chcvous consequences. therefore recommend that IN
stead Of retaining the mineral lands under tho pcnancn
control of The Government they be divided into small par
GELS and sold, under such restrictions 10 qiant. ant
time will insure the best price and guard most circtua
against combinations Of capitalists obtain m"nopolcs.
The anncx,on Of Texas and the acquisition OF California
and New Mexico have given increased Importance to our In
dian relations The various tribes brought under lnrls
dction by these engagements of boundaries esna
ted 10 embrace population oil one hundred and twenty
four thousand.
Texas and New Mexico surrounded by powerful tribes
Of Indians who of constant terror and annoy
ance the inhabitants Separating into small predatory
bands and always mounted they ovcrrun the country de
vasatng farms destroying crops driving oil whole herds
cattle and occasionally numbering the inhabitants or carry
ing them into captivity. The great roads leading into tn
country infested with them whereby travelling is render
ed extremely dangerous and immigration is almost entirely
arrested The Mexican frontier which, by the llh a!ticI
OF the of Guadalupe Hdao bound Ia proec
against the Indians within border, is exposed 10 tles
incursons equally with The military force sta
toned in that country although forming large proportion
OF the army is represented entirely inadequate
own protection and the fnimcnt of our treaty stipulation
with Mexico The principal deficiency is in cavalry and
practicable provide for the raisng Of one or more regiment,
Of mounted men.
For further suggestions on this subject and others
nectcd with domestic interests and the defence OF
frontier refer you TO the report Of the Secretary Of tn
Interior and of the Secretary of War.
commend also TO your favorable consideration the sur
geson contained in the last noncd report and in III
letter of the geneal-i chief relative to the establishment
asylum for the relief of disabled and destitute soldiers
This subject appeals strongly your sympatheS that
would be supcrnous in me 10 say any thing more, thai
barely TO express my cordial appreciation Of the propose
object.
The navy continues to give protection To our commcc
and other national interests in the different quarters Of tn
globe and with the exception of single steamer tn
Northern lakes the VESSELS in commission distributed
six different squadrons.
The report Of The head Of that Department will exhibit tn
services OF these squadons and OF the several vessels
puyCd in each during the II Is source o graft
fcation that while they have been constantly prepared o
any hostile emergency, they have every where met with III
respect and courtesy, duo well 10 tho dignity 10 til
peaceful dispositions and purposes OF The nation.
The two briganincs accepted by the Government FROM
citizen of New York and placed unier the
mand officer of navy proceed to the Arctic
in quest of the British commander Sir John Franklin
his companions, in compliance with the act Of Congress
approved in May last had when las, heard FROM penetrated
into high northern latitude bat the Of this nob
and humane enterprise is yet uncertain
in ye your attention TO the view OF present
establishment and resources presented in The report Of tn
Secretary OF The Navy and The suggestions therein made
its improvement, together with the naval policy racommen
ded for the security o Pacific coast and the protection
and extension of with Eastern Asin Unr "a
Of settlements lc shores Of the Pacific
are obvious be overlooked ar disregardcd.
The question in relation rank III the army and navy
and relative rank between officers al tile two branches
the service presented HE Executive b. certain reso
lions OF the House Of Representatives. nj linz lag, session
Congress, have been submitted 10 board OF officers il
each branch of the service and their report may be cxpcce
at mn early day.
also earnestly recommend the enactment Of law au
thoziug officers OF the army and 10 be retired iron
the service when incompetent for ts vigorous and acv
duties taking make suitable provision for those wl
have faithfully served their country and awarding disinc
lions by retaining in appropriate commands those who av
been particularly conspicuous Tor gaanry and good
duet. While the obligation Of the country 10 maintain
and honor those who, the exclusion of other pur
suits, have devoted themselves TO itS arduouG ser
vice. this obligation should mol be permitted in
,crlrre with the efficiency Of the service ITSELF
! am grated in bent able 10 slate that the estimates
expenditures for The in tho ensuing year less b.
more than million of dollars than those OF present
excepting the Appropriation which may become necessary
the construction nf dock the of the Pacific pro
positions for which being considered, and whc
special report may be expected early in your present
sion.
There ia evident business in the suggestion Of the sam
report that appropriations for the naval service prope
should be separated those for fixed and permanent Oh
ccts such building docks and navy yards and the fin
attached und from the extraordinary objects under Ill
of the Department which, however important, nj