The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1850-06-26

these advocates OF law and order--are ca
ger to admit her, without right or prece-
dent, into the Union. We are aware of
the inconveniencies The inhabitants Of Cal
ifornia may have suffered for want OF
civil government established by Congress-
and therefore, are prepared to yield much
on account of the circumstances in which
they have been placed.
The next measure is III perfect keeping
with this first feature Of ''thc report" Il
takes from Texas, territory sufficient for
two large States, and adds them to New
Mexico What the bill contains with
respect TO slavery will be of little conge-
quence; for it is designed that next winter
New Mexico thus constituted, shall follow
the same example Of California, and be ad-
United as State with Constitution cx-
GLIDING slavery from its limits for with
out such eXcluson she cannot hcpc TO be
admitted by the acknowledging States
into the Union. The effect will be that
territory, over which slavery now exists,
equal to two States, will be wrcs;cd from
The South, and will begivcn up TO the nom
slaycholding Stales. Tile prclcxt is, that
there is some doubt as TO the boundaries
Of Texas. Texas by her laws. when she
was admitted into the Union, had but one
boundary towards the West, and that
boundary was the Rio Grande. Congress
IN the resolutions admitting her into the
Union recognized this boundary, by laying
down Il limitation between the savehold-
ing and non-saveholding Statcs--( (beng
the Missouri Compromise line of 36dg.
30mn. parallel of North latitude )--,hrough
that part OF her territory, her right to which
is now questioned Her boundary of the
Rio Grandc 10 lis source alone gave her
this country; and was thus recognized aud
ratified by the resolutions of anncxation.
To vindcatc this boundary for Texas, as
member OF the Union, the Mexican war
took place; and in tho treaty Of Gauda-
loupc llidalgo, it was finally rindicatcG and
settled, by . clause in the treaty, dcsiEna-
ting the Rio Grandc as the boundary be.
tween Mexico and the United States
Thus by the laws of Texas, by the lcgisla-
ton OF Congress, and by the solemn treaty
Of The United States, the Rio Grande is the
Western boundary of Texas. Yet the pre-
tension is set up, that her territory does
not extend TO within three hundred miles
of the Missouri Compromise line, where
Congress III receiving her into the Union
determined that her territory should be di-
vidcd between the slayel,oiding and uou-
slavehnldng States. Texas is the only
State in the Union which has the solemn
guarantee OF lie Government of the Uni
ted States in every possible form 10 her
boundaries. Yet this is the Government
which disputes them; and under the pre-
text that they are very doubtful proposes
10 take from her nearly onc-lalf OF her
territory. II is by virtue Of such preten-
sions, that by the bill two Srates are to be
taken from the Southern and given 10 the
Northern States; and thus wrong is aggra-
waited by compelling US To pay for it,
through the Treasury OF the United States.
1t is undoubtedly proper, that Texas
should be quetcd as to her boundaries
but she should be quieted by law OF
Congress, plainly acknowledging them. If,
after her boundaries are settled, the Gen
eral Government, TO carry out the purpo-
ses OF The Constitution, or good faith 10
uItl ali the obligations, the annexation OF
Texas TO the Union requires, should think
proper to purchase any territory from Tex
| as, the arrangement may be unobiectiona-
bic. But any arrangement concerning her
| territories, which leaves shade Of doubt
as TO the right OF the people OF the South
! 10 enter any portion Of the Territory, which
according 10 tic terms OF annexation are
now free TO them, neither Texas nor the
General Government have any right tc
make. The terms OF annexation constitute
tho compact of Union between Texas and
| the other States Of the contederacy---and
this compact secures irrevocably To the
| people OF the slaveholding States the righ,
OF entering with their property ali her ter.
| ritory lying South of 36dg. 30lnn. North
| o! that linc, they are excluded. The bill
| in the Senate makes no provision for car
| rying out these torms of the compact, but
| leaves IN doubt tile right Of the Southern
| people, throughout all the territory pro-
posed 10 be purchased; whilst many who
support the bill declare tn in effect it en-
cIudcs entirely the people of the Southern
States from ali tho territory purchased
The least evil therefore the bill can bring
TO the people of the Southern States on
entering II, will be contention, harrassmcn,
and litigation.
But yon will have very inadequate con-
ccption OF the Importance of the territory
taken from Texas by the bill, it you con
fine your views to Texas. Ii you will look
at the map OF the United States, you will
perceive that the territory proposed 10 be
surrendered by Texas lies throughout is
whole extent along the Westorn frontier
of the Indian territory. This is now a
sIaveholdmg country and must be consid.
cred as part Of the South. Place along
their whole Western boundary two non.
slavcholdng States, and how will the In
dian be able to maintain the institution of
slavery If the agency OF Congress is not
used, TO abolish directly slavery in The In
dian territory, this end can be easily &c.
conplished by the very means now in op-
GRAFTON against slavery in Southern States.
which the Indian will have but little power
TO resist. The effect will be, that the In.
dian territory, large enough for two more
States, will be controlled by the non-slave.
holding States. Thus by these two points
in the report, tic South will lose four
large States N Calisornia--two in Texas
and two in the Indian territory. Nor is
this all, The non-slavcholding States will
be brought TO the Western boundary oi
Missouri and Arkansas, along llieir whole
cStenb and will bound Texas on her
whole Northern and Western frontier. =.
Thus the Southern States will be hemmed
in by the nslavcholdng States ~, their
whole Western bordor--a policy which