The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-03-13

Mr.. yENABLE regarded the making of books
\ by Congress, for gratuitous circulation, wrong
4 from beginning TO end. They were called upon 70
print large edition of work, OF the contents of
which they knew nothing. flight was wanted on
the subject Of agriculture and mechanics, let those
who desire 1t purchase where they can buy cheaper
and better.
Mr. JOHN A. KING said that this report was
called for by the people of the country, and he
in favor Of publishing large edition OF It. Con-
gress were always doing something for manufac-
lures and commerce. but not for the farming inter
ests. He spoke of agriculture in New York, show
ing its extent and productions, and said that pro-
position was before the Legislature OF that State to
found college of agriculture, with a hundred
thousand dollars for a basis
MIR. SAWTELLE was in favor Of printing the
largest number There was no report published
by Congress more acceptable. Four-fftts of the
population Of the United States are agricuturiss,
or eighty per cent, and only twenty per cent en-
| gagged in other interests. Nearly all the printing
executed was for the benefit Of the manufacturing
and commercial branches, and it was nothing but
right that the farmers should not be neglected.
MIR. WOODWARD said that what the Commits
sioner had sent in was not report, but treatise
| upon abstract science and philosophy. Any book
printed and circulated gratuitously will be in de-
mand. If Congress were to print Scott's lvanhoe,
free of expense, in ten years it would be in great
demand as any book ever published:
number Of the report The agriculturists had a
right to expect some little liberality The money
to be spent for this purpose is the peoples, and for
| the benefit of those most interested.
/ Under the operation of the previous question,
the vote by which the resolution was rejected was
/ reconsidered.
Mr.. EVANS, of Maryland, appealed to agrcul-
turiss to bear him out in the assertion that all pre-
vious reports from the Patent Office almost
tirely destitute of practical information. Numbers
of the Patent Office reports, ordered to be printed
two years ago, were received by him only sx
weeks since. And he expressed his earnest opposi-
,.f,x
Mr.. WENTWORTH offered amendment-to
print fifty thousand of the portion relating to me-
chancs, and one hundred thousand of the agricll-
tural portion of the report He said that this mum
tuents.
The yeas and nays were taken, and the amend
ment was agreed to-yeas lib, nays 90.
And the resolution, as thus amended, was passed
THE CALIFORNIA AND SLAVE QUESTIONS.
The House resolved itself into Committee o.
the Whole on the state of the Union, and resumed
the consideration of the special message of the
| President of the United States, on the subject o.
California and the Territories.
Mr.. GORMAN, of Indiana, speaking for the sec
ton from which he comes, said, we believe that
the Territory is free; we believe that by the act Of
the republic of Mexico slavery has been abolished
we believe that slavery existed there as it ex
lists in the American States; we believe, from the
history of the country, that the bondage there was
in the character of peonage. He presumed that il
would be denied that slavery has been abolished
The answer to this was made by Senator Of
4 Texas, that the decree was issued by dictator
and not by the republic. On behalf of his (Mr
G.'s) constituents, he would say, that it was con-
frmed by subsequent Mexican Congress. We as
sumo that laws municipaln their character, between
man and man, were never repealed, and remain III
full force until altered abolished by the
reign. This has been settled by the highest lega
tribunals of the country. II he was right in this
there was no necessity for the passage Of the Will
mot proviso, and for prohibiting slavery at this OF
49, Al
meet on the platform of the Democratic party. He
expected no union with any other portion of the
North Where he lived, the Wing party were ai
deeply dyed with abolitionism as they could be
He would make an exception, however, to his dis
trict. He then claimed that the Democratic party
had acquired Louisiana, Florida, Texas, and the
territories from Mexico, and euogized them as be-
ing better friends to the country than the Wings
He would stand by the Constitution; and If ht
should be inundated he would go down to the po
litical tomb with the reflection,
"Truth crushed to earth will rise again,
The immortal years of God are hers"
He went down once with his political friends in
1910, for defending the independent treasury
When the tomb opened, he and his friends came
out with renewed power. The "sober seconc
thought of the people" was the principle Of their
organization.
7 Il the Union in danger2 He did not believe tina
il was going to be dissolved. II could only be dis
solved by continued aggressions on the Constitu
be virtue, and where resistance may be justified
But non intervention all stand upon; that non
intervention which was acquicsced in during thu
last campaign.
Mr. BROWN, of Mississippi, said we understand
that Congress has not the power to establish slavery
in the territories prohibit il; but whenever Con
gress undertakes to protect property IL is bound Il
protect slave property as well as any other descrip
ton.
Mr. GORMAN resumed. He would not consent
10 the running of the Missouri compromise line
He would not vote 10 say that slavery shall no
exist north Of 800 3d. and that il may exist south
OF that parallel. He would trust the people. Il,
believed that the people would mot entail on them
selves any thing against their welfare and opin.
ions. lfthey, in their primary meetings, say they
desire the institution 80 be It, He would not vote
for the Missouri compromise line, because he was
non intervention man. If the territories be organ.
lied, let the organization be without the WiImo
proviso, which was conceived in sin and brought
forth in iniquty," and with malice, 10 destroy the
Democratic party
When his southern brethren talk Of resistance,
he understood forcible resistance. As a lawyer he
would say the first overt act becomes treason The
nearest approach TO this was in the Legislature Of
Georgia, where a member proposed a levy OF thirty
thousand men. Levy these men with determine
ton TO resist the constituted authorities Of the Gov
ernment march them beyond the limits Of the State
and II is treason IL gentlemen shall undertake q
resist the Constitution OF the country, then will
part company with them When aggressions come
we are Tor our country and our whole country.
We go 10 the mouth of the Mississippi naturally
the child goes TO its mother. We must then, to
avoid any conflict in this particular, stand on the
ground OF non-interventon, and ask southern men
70 do 10. Organize your Territories without a re-
stricton on the will OF the people. Leave the ques
ton OF slavery TO them Admit California with re-
duced boundaries, she u.s. you cannot reject her
T because you have always commended that people
have the right 20 determine for themselves the form
OF their own constitution. Come up, and get rid Of
one other bone Of contentionthe settlement Of the
boundary Of Texas Abolish the slave trade in the
District Of Columbia. There is not a southern man
who will not consent 10 this, In connesion with the
settlement Of all the other questions Two Of the
southern members from Georgia and North Caro-
lima nodded their assent.
Mr.. BUTLER, Of Connecticut, referred 10 one Of
the objections made against the admission Of Cali
fornis as State into the Union II was, that she
was not regularly organized. Hcwould ask whether
II the ant-slavcry clausc not In her constitu-
ton, they would oppose IN He thought not. The
North had always been opposed To- slavery. The
people there held TO the principles Of their fathers
When this Government was formed, there was nc
North and no South, politically divided. Every
issue slavery, however, since that period, had
been raised by the South with view 20 aggran-
dizcment. II asserted in the Southern address,
and in arguments on this floor, there was no com
plants against the North until 1898. The South
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