The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1850-08-06

Mr. Seybert gives the following ANALYSIS of this
species OF mall, IN minute grains, loose aud fridbe,
and ct uniform and blush or greensh color,
often with shade Of gray, and called gunpowder
malls slick 40 So, alumIne 600, msgnesia l 3d.
potash 10 IL, water $50 prooAide ofiron 81 So loss
s9-lC0 grams. The mars often contain beds of
DARK blush tenacious clay, at times mixed with
The nail, iolmiDg marley clay; at other times the
clay and mari alternate. Again, It is found of a
yelloWish brown color, fiiabe or compact, and
hlied with green specks Of the sc ate of iron. A
number Of the greenish varieties are also very
compact, rendt ling il very difficult to separate the
fossils rom their marix; but the blue marls,
which are irlabe, very frequently contain ex-
cttdingiy large proportion OF mica, in minute
scales.
Be DIS Of silicous gravel, the pebbles varying from
the size of coarse sand To and two inches in
diameter, cemented together by oxide and phos-
Phaie OF iron, and containing fossils similar to
those above described The most notorious Of
these mari pits are at Mulca Hill. A number of
the blue marls, which strongly etiervesce with
acids, contain but five per centum of lime STILL in
some parts, there are TO be found large beds Of
calcafeous mails which contain forty per cent, the
remainder being slick, iron, Ne, blended with a
hard subcrystalline limestone, filled with eco
phytes All these diversified appearances pass, by
insensible Degrees into each other, exhibiting al
most an endless variety Of neurological charac-
tiers. Iron pyrltes are found abundanty in these
beds and III The cacareous pits there are amber,
ebert, feiinasp halt, Ignite, and minute spherical
masses Of dark green color, compact texture,
somewhat analogous TO, or resembling those
which are found in the green sands of France.
From every indication, il does not appear that their
formation is organic, although they have been
found IN many instances, to contain the teeth of
the shark, or a small shell, for nucleus Spheri-
cal bodies of larger dimensions are also found
Thus have briefly sketched a pretty tolerable
description of the alluvial division of the geological
formation OF the State OF New Jersey and as
the quality of the mari which forms the most valu-
able portion of this division, varies greatly in its
character have concluded to devote this letter to
i more, particularly. In Monmouth county, a
little below the Shrewsbury river, there is mari so
strong that five cart-loads the acre sufficient to
spread over the land advantageously, while in
other places il is so weak TO require from twen-
ty TO one hundred loads TO answer the same pur-
pose. So beneficial has il been in some places,
that it has been the means of saving some districts
from depopulation, and of increasing the number
Of inhabitants in Others and bids fair, at distant
day, TO convert the sandy pine deserts into rich
Throughout this region extensive beds of the
variety Of arglllaceous oxide of iron, or bog ore,
are common, which, when mixed with due proper
tons of mountain ore, in the furnace, makes good
iron for casting and the forge. From these furnaces,
and those of the glass houses, fed by wood from
the forests, considerable portion Of the annually
growing wealth of the district is derived; and if
we add TO these, the cord wood, lumber, &c, we
shall have enumerated the chief sources of the
prosperity of this section of the country. The
whole district is quite well watered, and may in
time, with a suitable degree of industry, develop
Among vast proportion of the inhabitants
of the southern division of this State, their &C.
equations are agricultural; and, in surveying it,
we find that the soil best adapted to the cul-
tivation of grass and grain, particularly corn,
oats and rye, Is of loamy character; though the
sandy soil, over which good supply of mari is
spread, yield good crops Of grain and grass Where
the farmers have teleraby good facilities for con-
veyng their produce to market, they avail them
selves of an extensive cultivation Of truck farms,
and raise large quantities of early potatoes, fruit,
melons, &c. In the interior of the country, where
the inhabitants have no direct communication with
the city of New York or Philadelphia, they feed all
their grain TO cattle, and by this means they raise
come of the finest beef and pork in South and
West Jersey. The great inducements to enter
prise and industry constantly operating in the mar
kets upon the borders of this section, have already
produced wonderful effects, and cannot fail to ex-
cite the inhabitants TO still greater efforts TO i'm
prove the advantages they have in their possession
NV next communication will contain descrip-
ton of the secondary formation Of the State, and
the second division OF its geology. ID. w. b.