New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1850-11-07


tive for doing so than their preference Tor exer-
cising those occupations themselves winch pre-
ference must be induIged if INDUCED at all by
keeping out better qualified men. adversely OF
his own pecuniary interests and The inter
ests of the whole community around nun
BUTT is well known that when antagonistic
connection of which pecdniary interest IS IhG
chief snriug is ont of the way similar industrial
tastes form one of the strongest bonds OF ifleHu.
shin. In a Community constituted upon tHsse
Drincinlcs to keen any person out oil DIS tIuc ~
dustra position by conspiracy Of any s0l' - o0le
be both dishonest and dlshonoraoie asl' H'H.0
it follows that pecunlary interest H"11L a. i'l r.
thy with those OF similar tastes,
sense OF honor would all conspTe 70 overcome o"J
r,orsl,,sl rreference for particular occupation
ffrcb nc uould otherwise exclude better qUatlliea
49, THE combination OF motives VIII be sum
ciert TO keep fair and open field Tor the contest
of merit in every department OF industry NOW
ebors are fenced il, locked and ooLted, 10 Keep
r,t i+rnders and shut up the information contain,
90 od IN hem. Trades are hedged in by the absurd
and barbarous system of seven years apprentice
shins Men who have knowledge al any KIND
hoard IT, They look, unnaturally, upon those VINO
would learn of them as il they were enemies.
AS the result, the avenues to different occupations
are everywhere Distracted by artificial obstacles
Then information of all sorts will be freely gwen
to all. Suggestions will be made on all hands
aiding every one to enter that career IN which ne
can most benefit not himself only but the whole
nnblic In word all the avenues to every occu-
patton will be thrown completely open to all.
The next condition is that there be, at all times
labor enough for all. But any apprehension that
there may not be- rests entirely in the existing
order of things 1t has no relation whatever 10
the reign Of equity. When the market is sad to
be overstocked with coats or hats and when, as
a consequence of this the taiors and hatters are
thrown out of employmcnt it is not the tact that
there are more coats and hats made than there
are backs and heads TO wear them. Not at all.
IL is only that there more than there is ability
to buy. These who have e0rned the means 10 pay
for them do not possess the means. They have
been robbed of the means b. receiving less than
EQUIVALENTS for their labor Hence though they
rant they cannot tug, and hence, again, those
who produce must stop producing lney are
therefore thrown out OF employment ana u IS
falsely said that there is overproductlon IN that
branch of industry In the reign of equity, where
all receive equivalents for their labor this cause OF
what is called reproduction will not exist But
then in the existing orderorrather dsOrderO Com
merce there is at all times or may perhaps be real
over-producton. More OF given article IS pro
duced than is wanted wlichs only shown by the
fact that ii cannot be disposed OF at any price
For example, it has occurred once or twice that
more frnt Of certain kinds found its way INTO the
Ntw-York market than could be sold or gwen
away With all the irregularities OF existing
commerce this seldom happens. When 1t docs,
it is because there is now no provsory means OF
adjusting supply and demand. The producer can
not know beforehand. for example, precisely how
many persons are engaged in rearing the particu-
lar kind Of fruit for the New York market what
number of trees they have, the amount OF fruit
annually consumed III that City &c But al
though the workings of the law of supply and de
mand are not pointed out to HIM beforehand, the
law is sure to work nevertheless. 1t is inlex-
: 4 Il. lou f,f tt,a Mode md
VIII punish the error, although it did not prevent
it. The oyersupply may happen one year, but 1t
will not happen the second and the third years
Tie persons employed IN that kind OF production
will find their way into other pursuits la a
country which should prohibit all change OF pur-
suits, that remedy would not exist The evil
would have to 60 on, or be remeded by the star
vution of the producer Of the given article. In
the United States, where the avenues to every
pursuit are open than elsewhere. the rem
edy is more speedy than elsewhere. Under the
reign of equity, the evil would not exist because
Mc5c u0uld be q lf0UiS0rg adjustment q tie sup
z7l1 To the demaud aud if it did occur the remedy
would be immediate, because ALL dreHneS 10 ALL
pursuits 3could be open ton
Still there is a limit to the demand for every ar
ticle. When that demand is supplied must not
the demand for labor cease Certainly, for the
production gilmore of that particular article We
have seen, however, that that labor will go into
different avenues, that is, in the production OF
other articles If the question is, whether all the
wants of all mankind will not be so completely
supplied that there will be no occasion for further
labor, the answer is three fold. First, so soon as
the labor ceased, consumption would reproduce
the wants and the demand Second ii this were
partially So it would only give additional leisure
for mental improvement and other means of en-
joyment. Thirdly. the wants human beingsar are
infinite AS the lower wants are supplied higher
wants are developed. So soon men and wom-
en- have ordinary food, clothing and shelter, they
demand luxures, and these of higher aud still
higher class. The qualification of every taste
creates new demand. 1t is impossible, there
FORE that the demand for human labor, and for all
the labor which can be given, should ever cease.
Hence the second condition is also fulfilled.
There Will be at all times labor enough for all.
The demonstration is therefore complete, that by
the mere operation of the Cost Principle competi-
ton is rendered purely cooperative and ceases en-
tirely to be as it now is, destructive. S. A.