New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1850-08-15


rpired 20 Try the experiment.
The measure proposed FOR tho couside alton OF
the Committee appears 70 them 70 BE- The measure
Ct relief which the case requires to scatter the
producers over various sections OF tue oolntry. la
near IL xtapositiCn with the consumers Of their prl.
ducts, thus dispensing With the commission msr
chat 40 gyi0g 10 .bor AID sail It's own oisiasl
profit 10 fact, the exchange v al be Effected in
tie couutr5 70 better advantage .bsn if the retail
price were realized b. city Manufacturer for the
farmer will sell tht necesseres u life b hii me
chGuic in the oCuniry for a much less price tal0
they could be purchased 10 cit markets for he
would save freight gLd tRo or three conm'ssi1ls
y bic they would be fresh a1d OF nearly d.. Die
the vsJe, 10 sustaining iii.. OF the Suted vsgetl-
bles decay ed if1ts AID meats icvered by diving,
that are sold here
As t. inducements 10 draT of the unemployed
labor from Tue City. your Committee witness wsh
Satisfaction, the prospect that the pubic lands viii
be thrown open IL lAted quantities 20 actGal ses.
tiers They believe that when this pros pect il
re&iztd, tbatiarse numb rom every department
Of ltbor, viii locate On these lsn1s, an Of cl0rse
vii cease to pete ia the labor uarkea Of the
cities, and by diminishing the d,maGI 70; hOUS g.
viii diminish the pfice Of relt and leave tbs City
Mechanic and lab0rer with better footing 20; to-
maintainGrCe Of lis Ti-hts fL1 inicress But 20
this ueGIy accomplished eesi3erstuai, your Com
nittee, without further detail, would urge me
adoption Of tbo measure of tr.d Inhalation.
As preliminary mesfGce, oar DOm-i.lsee you'd
recommend tie compilation Of tables !-On the
various ttatistics required 20 he retained by the
Msrshas low eDsSsed IL taking tho Ceesas Of
the United 'ates. AS these g.atktics viii show
along with the reputation o. each town, county
ard STATE the eXtCut 70 which TIE various meonalc
arts ard manufactures are carried %, and the oca'
ton Of the Consumers, those who are tue bes. or
worst supplied with the products oil LABOR snd Saul
Lns md ua~ 1rfr "a IVA "a
commended would be pursued with intelligence
and effect The dgesied reports OF the MIshals
returned 20 the department at w Arlington, may
setsfy this recommendation, but measures should
be taken to procure general circulation Of these
reports.
Your Committee are gr4tied that the statistics
referred TO are expected to furnish data by which
the adiustmeuto Of labor IN It's distribution to the
tioDal demands Of the various States and counties
Gun be determined with the exactusss Of mathe
mstical science, willie the longevity oil the popua
ton viii Indicate the bealthiness OF the varieties oil
climate. /. Is expected that these national status
tics, collected with the census will be OF as great
utility TO the mere labofer in pointing out loca-
tiOn where ne msy better his condition, as 10 the
mechanic and the artisan. With these practical
objects in view these national statistics should be
reduced, compared AID digested by Government
until security OF Labor aud wages shall be al.
forded The Secretary Of the Interior should by or
der Of our National Legislature, cause such di-
gest TO be made, printed, aud distributed to every
village and town In the naEo1, so as to be access
bic 10 ALL For the surplus labor is not to be drtDeR
from our cities it is to be persuaded and assured
by just such facts az these reports will furnish.
Your Committee bellevs that the distribution OF
the surplus labor Of our cities TO tho various sec
tons Of the country, through the reasonable choice
Of those who seek thus to better their condition,
will remove one great obrtacle to the reorganlza
ton of labor in Our cities as to give the pro-
Queer then the legitimate fruits Of bis skill il in
deed further Reorganization should be found ne
cessary For, the settlement of srtitans and labo
rers on the free lands would SO far as those per
sons were concerned, reorganlZe their own labor
by Withdrawing it from service for wages, and
leaving them to work for themselves. For, how.
ever, this last measure urges itself on the atten
ton Of the Committee, they feel embarrassed in
recommending any particular scheme that shall not,
O. preliminary measure, remove the competition
for work a1d wages, of the large masses, who have
DO alternative between finding work at some price
or starvation. Those who manufacture in the coun
try Immediately for the consumer need little CAPT
tai and only such credit Is the nature OF their bus
ness will warrant. But in the city, capital being
needed, business can be set up, only by associa-
tons snd the combining Of the limited means Of the
various workmen.
But your Committee are gratified to believe that
the adoption of steam-pOwer to economical manu-
lied will soon enable Individual citizens TO appro
pirate their labor TO their IN personal enterprise
independent Of employers. And your Committee
believe that the domestic demands of the citizens
will in this way be supplied by the actual pro
ducers OF various commodities, Who Ia this Gus
TOM" will possess guarantee capital, that viii
enable them to make terms with the commission
merchant, who may seek to sell his wares. Your
Committee are, however, aware, that our cties are
ever TO be open to the immigration Of foreign art-
sans starved out in their own country, who will in
their furnishing condition seize any employment
that promises bread, at any price they can get -
Hence your Committee see the double necersity
of active and efficient means 10 carry out the
proposition of locating productive industry in the
neiehborhood OF the consumers in every section OF
the land
On the other proposition presented your Com
mittee can speak with less confidence from the un.
certainty Of how much it is proposed to compre.
bend in the proposition OF limiting the hours Of
labor to eight in each day or to ie IN a week. As
a useful topic for inquiry your Committee hope it
may receive thorough attention, whether the con-
olusion be the one suggested or not. 1t should be
borne in mind that no practical specific measure Of
the kind can be adopted that does not leave each
ofthe working population to bis personal freedom
to comply or not 10 comply with the rule laid down.
For even majority Of al the mechanics in the
City, might in combination bsoome as despotic on
the minority OF the weaker class a. are the capl-
t6lists now. Because under the improved state Of
things which we hope to realize. one person with
perhaps wife and one or two children might fad
eight hours Of work amply sufficient to provide for
all their wants, it would be special hardship 70
forbid the man with ten children to DO from two to
four hours Of overwork day TO rave the eight Of
his children from the disgrace OF the aims house
Yet it 10 Of the highest importance that the law
should find some means of protecting him and Of
securing him the EXTRA reward for his extra ser
vices The law fixes the value Of weights and
measures and the value Of coin aud various stand
ards which regulate the conventions Of society. 1t
has fixed the rate Of interest and il has interfered
with the freedom " contracts in its penalties for
usury on the presumption that the borrower IN
der bis severe necessities is out Of position 10
maintain bis peToaal rights which the law as
sumes to recognize and protect for him; that for
the same reREors, toe law should assume to pro.
tect the lsborer from the influence Of his sersrer
necessities, your Committee verify believe. The
point to be gained in law for this purpose should
be embraced within its legitimate operations, so
that all parties should be compelled TO respecs it,