The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1850-12-03
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thdt, winch ehch possesses, OF cet0Ou5ning that
form of government which il may deem most con
ducive to the happiness and prosperity of its own
citizens; of changing that form as circumstances
may require; and of managing its internal affairs
according to its will. The people of the United
States claim this right for themselves, and they
readily concede il to others. Hence it becomes an
imperative duty not to interfere in the government
or internal policy of other nations; and, although
| we may sympathze with the unfortunate or the
oppressed, everywhere, in their struggles for free
dom, our principles forbid US from taking any part
in such foreign contests. We make no wars to
promote or to prevent SUGGESTIONS to thrones 70
| maintain any theory Of balance Of power; or to
suppress the actual government which any country
chooses to establish for itself We instigate no re-
volutions, nor suffer any hostile military expedi
tons to be fitted out in the United States to invade
the territory or provinces of friendly nation. The
greaf.law OF morality ought to have a national, az
well as personal and individual application. We
should act towards other nations as wish them
to act towards US and justice and conscience
should form the rule of conduct between gov
ernments, instead Of mere power, seifinterest,
or the desire of ACKNOWLEDGEMENT To maintain q
strict neutrality in foreign wars to cultivate friend
ly relations, TO reciprocate every noble aud gene
rous act, and to perform punctualiy and scrupu-
lopsy every treaty oollgation-these are the duties
which We owe To other States. and by the perform
ance of which we best entie ourselves to like
treatment from them; or if that, in any case, be
refused, we can enforce our own rights with jus
tice and a clear conscience.
In our domestic policy, the constitution will be
my guide; and in questions OF doubt, shall look
for It's Interpretation to the judicial decisions Of that
tribunal, which was established TO expound II, and
to the usage of the government, sanctioned by tho
acquiescence of the country regard all its pro-
visions as equally binding In all It's paris it is the
will of the people, expressed in the most solemn
form, and the constituted authonnDs are but
agents to carry that will into effect. Every power
which II has granted is to be exercised for the pat
lie good; but no pretence of utility, honesr Coz
viction, even of what might be expedent, can JUS
tfy the assumption of any power not granted. The
powers conferred upon the government and their
distribution TO the several departments, a.
clearly expressed in that sacred instrument as tho
imperfection of human language will allow; and l
deem IL my hrst duty, nC, to question its wisdom,
add to It's provisions, evade Its requirements, or
Upon you, fellow citizens, the represen ativcs
OF the States and the people, is wisely devolved
the legislative power. / shall comply with my
duty, In laying before you, from time to time, any
information calculated TO enable you to discharge
your high and responsible trust, for the benefit OF
our common constituents.
My opinions will be frankly expressed upon the
leading subjects of legislation; and it, which do
not anticipate, any act should pass the two houses
OF Congress which should appear TO me uncoasti-
tutional, an encroachment Of the lst powers of
other departments, with provisions hastily
adopted, and likely To produce consequences inju-
rous and unforeseen, should not shrink from the
duty OF returning Il to you, with my reasons, tor
your fur her consideration. Beyond the due per-
Torrance of these constitutional obligations, both
my respect for the legislature and my sense OF pro-
priety will restrain me from any attemot to control
or nlue nee your proceedings. With you ~ the
the honor, and The responsibility Of the le
gislation Of the country.
The government Ut he United States is limit
ed government. IL Is confined 10 the exercise of
powers expressly granted, and such others as may
be necessary for carrying those powers into efsct
and II Is al all times an especial duty 10 guard
States Over the objects and subjects intrusted.to
Congress, its Legislative authority Is supreme But
here that authority ceases, ana every citizea who
truly loves the constitution and desires the G an
tinuance of it's existence and it's blessings will r-so-
lufely end firmly RESIST any Interference in those
domestic affairs, wh oh the constitution has clearly
and unequivocally left to the elusive authority ~
the States. And every such citizen will also depre-
Gaze useless irritation among the several members
OF the Union, and all reproach and elimination
tending 10 ale,aie portion OF the couutry from
another. The beauty of our system OF government
consists, and It's safety ana durability ust consist
in avoiding mutual collisions and rncroac hments
aad IN the regular separate acton Of ALL while each
is revolving IN It's own distinct orbit.
The constitution hssmade II the duty Of the Pre-
sident 10 take care that the laws be faithfully
cuted. In government like ours, in which all
laws are passed by majority at the representa-
lives of the people, and these representatives. are
chosen for such short periods, thai any injurious or
OBNOXIOUS law can very room be repealed, II would
appear unlikely that any gre Al numbers should he
found ready 20 sist the execution ~ the Laws But
IL must be- borne In mind that the couatry exien-
siye, that there may be local ss or pre- dices
rendering law odious in Que part. whch Is NOT 80
in another, and that the ihOugbtless aud ncoasid-
eratr, nise0ioy their passions their imag natioss
may be induced madly to resist such laws they
disaHrote. cuch persons should recoliect that.
without law, there can be no real practical lib
eTfy that, when the law IL trauiyled under loot,
tyranny rules, whether II appeanS ia the foIm II a
military despousm vr Of popular violence. The law
Is The only prote elton ofthe weak, and the oaly
Al mis- he her i'm arfta
~ and faithfully administered, none N benaih its
prots ction, end none above its control Yos, gen
tlsmen, aud the country may be assured, that to
the utmost ~ my ability, aud TO the extent OF the
power vested In me, shall at all times and IN all
places, take that the laws be faithfully exc
cuted. Ia the disch sTge of this duy, soemnly Inn
posed upon me by the constitution, and by my oath
Of Office, shal shrink from responsibility, and
shall endeavor 10 meet events they may arse,
with frmness, well ans with prudence ami dis
cret,on.
The appointing power is one Of the most delicate
with which the Executive Is invested. regard u
a sacred trust, he exercised with the sole
p, orle. Il shall be- my effort to elevate the stan
dard OF official employ ment by selecting for places
Of importance individusls hued for the posts tn
which they are atsigsed, by their known integ-
riiy, talents, and virtues 10 so extensive a coun-
uy, with SO great population, and where few
persons appointed TO Office can be known 10 the
APPOINTING power, mistakes Will sometimes I'M
svoidably happen, and unfortunate appointments
be made, notwithstanding the greatest care. In
such cases, the power Of removal may be properly
exercised, and neglect ~ duty or MALE ,ssnce in
office will be more tolerated in indyidu ala APP
pointed by myself than in those appointed by
others.
am hs9py in being able TO say that no unfavora-
bic change in our foreign relations has taken
place since the message at the opening Of the last
session Of Congress. We are at peace with all ma
tons, and we enjoy In an eminent degree the
blessings OF that peace, In prosperous and grow
ing commerce, and in all the forms of smcabe
nat. m m mi he nIedu
the cosnuy. the present amount OF Its population,
end its ample means Of self protection, assure TOR
IL the respec CT ~ all nations; while ~ trusted that
Of other Ststes will cause that rssyect TO be rca-
| dily and cheerfully paid.
| K convention was NJ gotisted between the United
States and Great Britain. In April last, for facits-
ting and projecting the construction Of ship canal
| h.iwsen inc At,sn ic and Pacific oceans. ana for