The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1850-10-19


F. neat b. b. incumbent nu che Legislature %
z elect q Senator ~ represent this State ilr ia
year from chat umo.
1 am informed by my predecessor and
. communicate fhr information fu thr lrgIsla
- lurl, thaf under thr art ~ lHI8, entitled ar
arf relating fn international, literary and sri.
p rnfinr rKrh4uErs. hp has appointed Nous A.
- NHimarr aul George . lluurhl1n 1pont
and ih1i under ihr aot ul'lH $50. entitled an H0i
making au appropriation iur lhe Washington
Monument Dr. constituted llrury Stanley of
iuu'inr} agent
IN our connection wilil other Satos under
ono general government, Wr have rar.rlv
f0r luirrris tp hH uumulrlt WHICH, alihupll
nicr cannot lr iIr subject uf immediate lrp-
islaiilu lN us, may hr affected boo grratrror
Ices drgrrr hy oar action. Our agricultural
and manufacturing Interests should hc pat
rnuilri and protected The business 81 the
latter D. subject t1 more 'lri-sliuioa thui the
iurmHr, and b. tlirhrl feed tlp effects m
uncertain and iniuIiriuus legislation. A.
/ capital, a. vol ~ labor are required Tor the
surrc-siul operation of manufacture they
should receive uu adequate rr1tneilou against
iurplW ripinl and laiur II b. tp io hoped
ihat thiH protection will hf again afforded
/ Although % political necessity may have lu-ii-
/ fed, tho hrt ~ Cnu9rr-s ui 1898. which gp-
par~ply, recognized o system ~ al ,aluum
/ duties, tu be- thereafter Nlhrrrd f1 set AFTER
| the experience We have bad under The pruH-
cuf mrih' of 1870, tlo necessity nf again re-
sorting "a - system nf specific aud puutrctiug
dates 10 apparent, which botl Wisdom aud
experience demonstrate a. boz the only safe
| guard against fraudulent imporiat0us, The
increase of the agricultural interest iu w,zlth
aud The improvement iu their farms aud norks
may be- attributed 10 the protection which
wa heretofore afforded them, With ~, ~
lcast there should be- no diversity Of thought
nr action on The subject Of a protective tar
The establishment Of an agricultural hdl
roau, a. be- connected with the Department
Of the Interior, recommended by the General
Assembly AZ our hst session, ~ we'll 49, re-
vision of the existing tariff, ~ q. 20 give due
encouragement IA manufactures and new
aud increased Hmnlus % agriculture by .
system Of specific duties, was strongly urged
upon the consideration 81 Congress, hv the
President of the United States, iu his annual
message Ia December last The mrid r.
port at the Secretaries at the Interior, aud
The Treasury accompanying the mrsstgc uf
the President pointed ont more IA detail the
measures a. be- adopted and the benefit a. boz
derived, aud placed beyond ca,il or dispute
the wisdom aud prupricty Of the recommend
alton Of tho President The lust cNpccta-
tons olthr country, ou this subject. have mot
boon realized, Owing to a want of cuiuHi-
dcngc Of sentiment between the executive and
Legislative branches ul government, Ia their
views Of general policy, aud lu the rllurls of
the latter a. thwari and oppose the policy Of
the former, a long aud prpGfc.s -r.tion NJ
Congress hls bcun spent 10, the attempt a.
compromise dat which t. moi the suhicct Of
compromise, aud 60 couriliato whrrc cunrilin.
ton WIS not due The great aud substantial
49,. 3 ..s.. a
uiarturrs, have hccn neglected aud mprp,id.
cd tor, and the recommend tiiuu ui the Frr,i-
dent received bat littlt, itauy attention from
tn1rrrsH, ur the Cunnifiirs to whom the
subject was referred. We cnuuut hut hone
t,at rTf 7TTvf1TFF r.t
trill will hr adopted is VS. 81 answer lhv rrl.
,outhlo Expectation ul the m1uuiarturrr AND
producer Ihul" who feel thr' ucrr.sity w.
snch e protection, having seen uu good effect
from the compromise with those who lrylt,.
,"t'l or emmett 'rsis,.,l,. g, -ituuiu h,sir',t
hciprr they o,liu yirld tn threat, utn similar
character, a. thry might thcuhy d a0rUf
those who feel deep interest with thcu, and
can have Du. little ,Nppctaiipu ot gaining to
thoir interest those who htNcrNcr hron ho-.
tile,
There is another subject. affecting us -cn-
ella In ull guiiullin "a ltll l silllgl alatul-4
m degree iullurnrlu" thr action oi the gen
omitted ai thi, bmr, as I lrlirNr a lter pro-
portion ct our lr'pW citizen. cuiu,idt iu o.
fiuion u relation Co involuntary s,ritudr.
Buf the u'''Dutr assumed hy some ui the
Ntatcs, aul the conventions of the people uu-
der their authority, threatening % dissolution
ui the Union, unless th.ir views were Accci-'
ed Ia 10y Congress as the proceedings ct the
state, have b,ru treated with disrc,prct, aud
rcp.ulel, in pllgla HiuT I..lt ut Ia lh,' l'r''-
cccilugy of every sovereign State should 10"
stuliously observed; and ~ thorc has bccn
som" disposition Ca find an apology -inr
their violent proceedings, in consequence OF
the "a NGou, wdih lhr,-r who are opposed tuiu
voluntary scryitulc, have thought IL their IN
~ to take, IL bcrumcs us io review the ground ,
We have assurHud,aud the resolutions We have
passed, abandon tA.n ij' We ARE vrunv. hut
five are alphabetically and rr.olutrl, maiu-
tain that ground. Ca a careful review OF
the proceedings of the legislature heretofore, /
| can see no principle advanced, which ought :
tu he ut1uftUurt or y.eii,i cthci' " mrui,v 7
or a desire for Couuiliatiou. The legality Of I
hccNi,tcucc of slavery, and the duty of a
halishing Il, Is not peg question IN political /
history. Neither in Great Britain or Franco /
has any difficulty been found in aholishiug it |
or in the consequences Cmauatlng from such |
nm act The courts Of law i'm Great Britain, |
long since held that it could have. no lcgiti- |
mate existence III hAt-cnuntIN- la ! '4Flt+tt !
mcnt, every argument Of cNpcdiency the
claims of vested rights, of the rights Ia prop
crtv, aud even the authority of the Holy |
Scriptures, were urged by thc West India
planters and the mercantile interest connect
ed with them, in favor of its continuance in I,
their colonies, and were urged IN vain Their
arguments were chcctualy lsilenced 10y the
most eminent statesmen and by the prclatcs
Of their church, and in language, too, which
in this country is treated as ultra and iannt-
cal The language of our Declaration of In
dependence, when incorporated into de
claration of rights in the constitution of n
State, was held by the learned
judicial tribunals OF that state TO have immc
diatcly effected the abolition of slavery in
that state. IL is not commended hy any one,
That law cnaetcdby the legislature of any
state on this subject, can have any operation
beyond its territorial limits. The extent Of
the powers of the General Government may
admit OF more donbt am not disposed TO
discuss this question ,eJaRt this time TO attempt