The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-06-30

00Os
ting 10 its consideration for feel that have espasssd
already too long upon its patience.
My substitute proposes to restrict the limits OF Califor
MIA to the 80 deg 80 min. parallel Of north latitude
| The original line OF the Missouri Compromise, Mr.
Presdent came not al the Souhs instance, nor was
adopted through the Souths choice. Her assent to il
% ! wa: 1s SSa Inays Left her
rights north OF 80 deg 80 min, and the dsmembermenf
Of the Union; and to the one she sacrificed the
slaveholding territory Of Louisiana With the North
the case was altogether different She deemed il herin
erest 70 partition the territory BY east and line,
from migration and settlement north OF the ine northern
ere were left free 10 migrate and settle on both sides Of
y as they were before Through the power Of numbers,
with the privilege Of choice she fixed on the degree Of
latitude where the line should run.
ms was y 1890 Precisely one,fourth Of century
thereafter lS45) Texas with her immense territory was
before Congress- for admission into the Union The North
insisted that the line OF the Missouri Compromise should
that not foot OF this territory was the property of the
United States, but belonged exclusively to the State Of
Texas She replied that the Prineipe Of ofterrtoral par
lions between the North and the South upon the line OF
80 deg 30 min, had been finally settled BY the Compro
mise OF 1870, had been adhered to for fourth OF CEN
ana q Sbd s
Missouri line was stretched through the State Of Texas
Scarcely three years had elapsed before the question Of
Il came up on the Oregon territorial bill ali of oTsson
south OF the Columbia river had been acquired under
ne treaty q 1909 and of course was INCLUDED
IN the Mss0ur Compromise OF 1920 But all Of Oregon
north OF that river acquired under the Florida treaty
Of 1919, which was not ratified until 1921. Well, the
North claimed all Of Oregon free territory by force
Of the Compromise, and the South recognised her right
to il upon the basis OF that adjustment.
The very last instance in which the question arose be
acquiring California and New Mexico, some two years
ago; and that was the rs and the only instance after
twenty EIGHT years OF steadast adherence to the prnc
pie OF territorial partltons IN which the free States be-
cple
The circumstance occurred in this Senate convened in
executive session to deliberate upon the ratification of
the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo On that occasion,
the senator from Connecticut IMr. baldwin, called
the Missouri Compromise, by offering ain amendment ex-
tending the Wmo Poviso over every OF the Ter
wes E = Os csea oy the treaty The ground
was this II you abandon the line of the Missouri
Compromise, and adopt this amendment, will at
bring the treaty to vote and rect-leavng you with
out inch OF domain upon which to nhict so fragrant
an injustice upon the rights OF the South And there
were thirty southern senators in Senate Of sixty, and
would have required forty affirmative votes two thrds
TO ratify and twenty -one negative votes would have
been sufficient TO reject il, in full Senate, it
was plain enough that the southern senators had il in
their power 10 make good what they said they would do
IN such conluncture. The amendment therefore
voted down by decided majority, and the treaty was
adopted without it. Sir, without word in the Soutb's
praise, may be said, and no senator here will deny
IT, that without the Souths military share in the war;
without her monetary share in expenses, and, above
ALL without her votes for the ratification OF the treaty.
we should not have had single acre OF Territory 10
wrange about Not an inch of it could you have had
but by repudiatng the Wilmot Proyso and through the
Implication that the line OF the Missouri Compromise
would be maintained and applied to the new Territories
And was i 50 applied L was not, for had it been
the new Territories would have received the ordinary
organization long ago, and the country have been spared
the fearful controversy which disurbs and alarms IT,
The very provisions Of the present bill applicable to
they been applied to California at the last session Of Con-
gress would have been accepted by the South Stretch
the line OF the Missouri Compromise through all OF them
As much this sacrifices of what she has Just claims to-
as little as secures OF what is really her own, yet such
her love OF union and peace that she will gladly shake
hands with you upon that line, aud be friends
Some there are who TO think that matters are |
materially changed from what they at the last ses
sion OF Congress because California has since then met
in convention, and formed State constitution and gov
ernment; and IT would that. in their opinion at
least Congress could not stretch the line Of the Missouri
Compromise across her State bouRdariesas il Congress,
since the last session. had parted with any power over
California which il had before Why the powers of Con-
gess are shll the same and doubtless supreme. There
not an instance where Congress parted with them, until
it admitted State into the Union il has exercised
them in every instance of admission of State. and
the very bill under debate Is an authority and voucher
for what am now contending for.
The Senate overlooks entirely that the State of Deseret
(Uah) presented herself, two months before Cali
forna with regular State constitution at the bar OF the
Senate, and with memorial to Congress asking her ad
mission into the Union Deseet had larger permanent
population than California at the time they respectively
formed their constitutions for il was unanimously
conceded in the California Convention that she had from
10000 10000 nhabitants and, what is most remark
able, her constitution unanimously adopted, while
that OF California hardly reached 13,000l
But another astounding circumstance is, that Caor
MIA stretched her boundary line the heart OF Desc
ret and appropriated to herself fully 10000 square miles
OF that State.
The application of Deseret is still pending before the
Senate II has not been acted uponstl less has 1T been
rejected: and yet here is the committee's bill cutting
off from Deseret these 10000 square miles, and extending
Californias boundaries over it.
Let il be said, then, that Congress does not
at this moment possess all the powers and rights the
boundaries OF California that il did does now
possess over those OF Utah and New Mexico.
IL is obvious that there not obstacle in the way OF
Congress running the line OF the Missouri Compromise
through California to the Pacific, but its own WILL n
The North knows it, The South knows IL and she
expects that will be conceded to her, and will insist
upon it, and accept OF adjustment that will fall short
OF IT, There is not journal OF either party, have seen
southern man who, in yielding 10 the the other
of the two plans presented to Congress--the one by
the Executive, the other by the Committee OF Thir-
teenbas not declared of either that il not what
should be; that the North got all and gave nothing
There is scarcely journal that does not avow its pref
erence TO the Missouri Compromise over all others
Some OF them add, il is true eve can't get IT, which
must think would be far more appropriate Il coming
from those who do not pdnt II, or. having the power
tDonf yield IT, But sir, evidences that tne universal
South favors the line OF the Missouri Compromise above
all other plans have been amply displayed within the
- - Al y II AsI knra err