Washington telegraph., 1850-06-05

constitutions and Judgment Ol tne peOpl
who compose them, as to what may b
best to promote their happiness.
In considering the question of the ad
mission of California as State into tn
Union, majority of the committee con
ceive that any irregularity by which tina
State was organized without the previous
authority of an act of Congress, ought t.
he overlooked, in consideration of ths
omission or Congress to establish any GER
ritorial government for the people Of Cal.
ifornia and the subsequent Aecessity
which they were under to create gov
ernment for themselves, b@st adapted to
their own wants. There are various in
stances, prior to the case of California, of
admission of new States into the Union,
without any pevious authorization by
Congress. The sole condition required
by the Constitution of the United States
in respect to the admission of new State
is, that its constitution shall be republican
in form. California presents such con-
stitution; and there is no doubt of her
having greatG population than that
which, according to the practice OF the
government, has been heretofore deemed
sufficient to receive new State into the
Union.
In regard to inc proposed boundaries
of California the committee would have
been glad if there existed more full and
accurate geographical knowledge of the
territory which those boundaries include.
There is reason to believe that large as
they are, they embrace no very dispropor-
tionate quantity of land adapted to culti-
vation. And it is known that they con-
tain extensive ranges of mountains, des-
erts of sand, and much unproductive soil.
1t might have been, perhaps, better to
have assigned to California more limited
front on the Pacific; but even If there had
been reserved on the shore of that ocean
a portion of the boundary which 1T pre-
sents for any other State or States, 1t Is
not very certain that an accessible inte-
ror Of sufficient extent could have been
given to them to render an approach to
the ocean through their own limits OF any
great importance.
A majority Of the committee think that
there are many and urgent ncurrlng
considerations in favor OF admitting Call
fornia with the proposed boundaries, and
of securing to her at this time the benefits
of a State Government. Ii hereafter,
upon an increase of her population, more
thorough exploration of her territory, and
an ascertainment of her relations which
may arise between the people occupying
its various parts, it should De found con-
ductive to their convenience and happi-
ness to form new State out OF Calltor-
mia, we have every reason to belleve,
from past, experience. that the question
of its admission will be fairly considered
and justly decided.
A majority of the committee, therefore,
recommend to the Senate the passage OF
the bill reported by the Committee on
Territories for the admission OF California
as a State into the Union. 10 prevent
misconception, the committee recommend
that the amendment reported by the same
committee to the bill be adopted, so as
to leave incontestable the right OF the
United States to the public DOMAIN and
other public property in California.
Whilst a majority of the committee be-
lieve 1t to be necessary and proper, under
actual circumstances, TO admit California
they think it quite as necessary and prop
er to establish governments tor the residue
of the territory derived from Mexico, ano
to bring it within the pale of the Fedora
authority. The remoleness Of that tern
tory from the seat of the Federal Govern
ment; the dispersed state of its population
the variety of races-pure and mlxed-o
which it consists; the ignorance OF some
of the races of our laws, language ant
habits; their exposure to inroads ant
wars of savage tribes; and the solemn
stipuIations of the treaty by which we
acquired dominion over them-lmpose
upon the United States the imperative
obligation of extending to them protection
and of providing for them government
aad laws suited to their condition. Con
gress will fail in the performance OF hlgl
duty if it does not give,or attempt TO give
to them the benefit of such protection, gov
ernment and laws. They are not now, ant
for long time to come, may not.be' pre-
pared for State Government. The terrific
rial form, for the present, IS best suited u
their condition. A bill has been reported
bv the Committee on Territories dlvldin!
all the territory acquired from Mexico, no
comprehended within the limits OF Cai''or
MIA into two territories, under the name
of New Mexico and Utah. and proposing
for each Territorial government:
The committee recommend to the Gen
ate the establishment of those Ierrltorla
Governments; and, IN order more cef
| .ainlv to secure that desirable ooJec'' tne
also recommend that the bill 1or tnei
establishment be incorporated IN the OIL
for The admission of California, and tna'
united together, they both be passed
The combination of the two measure
in the same bill is objected to on vaflo"
grounds. 1t is bald they are incongrnons
and have no nj Necessary connexlon VIII
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