Weekly national intelligencer., 1850-02-09

the more so from the consideration that the action Of the first
Legislature viii hardly be disturbed by any succeeding
What shall be done be touched changed here
after but great cost and inconvenience The State of
California Is now in position to adopt the most improved
and enlightened code OF laws be found any of the States
The of law yet fully perfected and admits of
some Improvement and in position readily
adopt all the improvements that the researches and experience
others have made have given the subject my most
fu attention for years past and the result Of my
convictions recommend the adoption OF the following
codes far they applicable the condition Of the
State and modified by the constitution the vote of the
Legislature:
al The definition Of crimes and misdemeanors contained
in the Common Law of England.
"2. The English Law Of Evidence.
"3. The English Commercial Law.
"a. The Civil Code Of the State Of Louisiana.
'5. The Louisiana Code Of Practice.
These codes, it is thought, would combine the best fea
lures of both the civil and the law and at the same
time omit the most Objectionable portions Of each"
The grave and delicate subject Of TO which
would call your particular attention From the best es
have been enabled 10 make the current expenses OF
the State Government for The first year will reach half mil
lion Of dollars but most probably will exceed that sum.
This large be raised only in two modeseher by
loan, by taxation The first of these modes obectona
BILE many accounts The high rate Of interest, which
money readily commands in the markets Of California,
would prevent the State from negotiating loan, except at
uch exorban rates would be runous her future pros
pery. There be policy, perhaps, injurious to
esldDisneu
developed than that system Of borrowing which has
proved SO disastrous TO many new States"
The only available and just mode of procuring the ndis
pensabe Of supporting the State Government by
system of direct taxation the most fair, simple, and just
mode of taxation resorted to. The people then know
distinctly what the blessings Of government them, and
which the more Desirable plain republican Government
CANT system Of expenditure and they should be willing
10 pay enough 10 carry economical Government Il
would solve the problem whether they cspa
Bile Of government The people of California may
be safely trusted upon this subjects for there people
able and willing pay the just necessary sup
port the Government than they Whist property thay have
commands high and ready price, paid in the precious
complain Of poverty The law protects every in his
person and property For the protection gives his person
he ought pay capitaion poll tax and for the Protec
ton it gives his property he ought right pay in pro-
portion its and value recommend therefore, the
imposition of poll tax, and tax upon real and pro-
perty in proportion to its value"
The operation Of reasonable and sound system of
ton upon the agricultural resources of the country would be
most decidedly beneficial in very short period Most of
the fine agricultural lands of California in the hands
Of few persons, who suffer them to remain wild and uncul
vaed few months ago, when the population small
and the wants Of the community but few and simple, the
natural pasurage of the country, with limited cultivation of
the SOIL ample for all the purposes of life but under the
changed circumstances when country teens with people
who must be fed and when the population rapidly aug
mentng is unreasonable, if impossible, that the
try should remain state Of No country safely
depend upon uncertain foreign supply Of the first
rles OF e Such supply would be subject 10 all the vcs
STUDIES Of peace, would be regular and prices
would be always uctuatDg either extravagany high,
low to discourage Importation The provisions themselves
generally stale and unwhoesome and doubt one-ha
the disease suffered in the country has arisen from this prolific
When those who immense tracts Of rich fer
tile, and beautiful lands, in state of nature producing
no rents or profits shall have to taxes upon thcm in pro-
portion their value they will find their interest sell
portions to those who will cultivate them thus encouraging
the agricultural Industry Of the country, and at the time
greatly increasing the value Of the portions not sold Ia the
last fifteen months the number of cattle in the country has
been rapidly decreasing while population has increased
in the ratio Fresh meats Indispensable to
health, and be imported and if this Of things
should continue only few years longer the increased
Penses Of living will be great that mining and other kinds
Of business must be profitable The constitution makes
the duty Of the Legislature encourage agcuurehat
first and noblest Of all industrial pursuits but not aware
q any other means at present within Your power than those
/ have suggested"
Our constitution has wisely prohibited slavery within
the State that the people of California and for
free from this great social and political evil But the
sution has made provision in reference to the settlement
Of free people Of color within limits, but has left tbs
Legislature adopt such legislation upon this delicate and
important subject as may be deemed most essential to the
4 happiness of our people
The Governor then proceeds to urge the propey of
Guiding free negroes from the State and after making sundy
other recommendatons concludes his Message follows
You have before you great amount of labor, and you
will have to assume great and weighty responsibilities The
first Legislature of State, under ordinary
have difficult duty discharge But position upon the
Pacific ocean, the relation bear 10 the other States OF The
UnioD and the civilized and semi civilized world impose
upon peculiar responsibilities We have develop the
great Of country. Our commercial advan-
tages greater than mineral great as those are The
latter will supply the necessary capital TO build our COM
mercia cities and the most extended commerce.
ssWe shall be in close commercial intercourse with
the teemng population of the old world The rich and cheap
productions of Asia already pouring into ports, and
few years will give the wholesale of the entire North
west Coast. We have community to organze-a
State build up, We have also to create end sustain
puaon in the face of the misconceptions of character
that are entertained elsewhere But have the most ample
and the excellent materials Of which to construct great
community and great State. This emigration TO this
their most energetic enerpsng and intelligent population,
while the tmd and the de who had neither the energy
the means to get here, were left to remain OF home.
6 Either brilliant destiny awaits California, the
sord and degraded She will be marked by strong and
decided characteristics Much will depend upon her early
legislation To confne her expenditures within due bounds,
keep the young State of debt and to make her
certain to advance and secure her prosperity hope
may be able build up for her reputation that will bear
the Just criticism Of the sensible fair and candid OF all
ties well the vndcve assaults of her enemies and the
and ndscreons Of her friends. Be all your efforts to
accomplish this great object You may depend upon my
dial cooperation in all such measures as can concenousy
approve"
On the 22d December the Legislature, in Convention Of
the two Houses, elected the following State officers:
Secretary of State--WM VAN VookHIEs.
Ireasurer-RIcHARD RoMAS.
ComptroHer-J. 8. HousTos.
Attorney Gcneral-EDw. ]. c. KEwES.
Surveyor Gencrak-CHAs. ]. WHIrISs.
Chief Jusfice-S. G. HAsTISes
associate Justices-H. A. LroS, NATHANIEL Bennett.
r Al L.. 80 The.