The mountain sentinel. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1844-1853, 1850-12-05

ton involved in the existing controversy
there, render it desirable that it should be
permanently and speedily adjusted. Tne
Interests Of humanity and Of general com
merce also demand this; and, as intima-
tions OF the same sentiment have been
received from other Governments, 1t is
hoped that some plan may soon be devI-
sed to effect the objecs in manner
likely to give general satisfaction. The
Government of the Udited States will not
fail by the exercise of all proper friend
Iy offices, to do all in its power to put an
end to the destructive war which has
ragged between the different parts of the
island, and TO secure to them both the
benefits of peace and commerce.
l refer you to the report of the Secretary of
of the Treasury for a detailed statement of the
The total receipts into the Treasury, for the
year ending 30th of June last, were forty-seven
million four hundred and twenty one thousand
seven hundred and forty eight dollars and nine
ty cents. al, 42l. .74s 90.)
The total expenditures during the sames Pc
riod were forty three million TWO thousand
one hundred and sixty eight dollars and ninety
cents, (43,002, i6S 90.)
The public debt has been reduced, since the
last annual report from the Treasury Depart
ment, four hundred and ninety five thousand
Two hun Gred and seventy. six dollars and seven
ty-nine cents, ASS 276 T9)
BY the 18th section of tho act of 2Sth Ia nu-
ry. iS47, the proceeds of The sales of the
public lands were pledged FOR the interest and
principal of the public debt The great amount
OF those lands subsequently, granted by Con-
gress for military bounties, viii, 1t is believed,
very nearly supply the public demand for sew
nd ht,f 10 ralaa n m
therefore, be placed on that hitherto fruitful
source of revenue.
Aside from the permanent annual expendI-
lures, which have necessarily largely increased,
a portion of the public debt, amounting 10 Ell GIN
million seventy Y five thousand nine hundred and
eighty y-six dollars and fifty-nine cents SS U.s.,
ESQ 59J must be provided for within the next
two fiscal years. Il is most desirable that these
accruing demands should be met without
sorting to new loans.
All experience has demonstrated the wisdom
and policy of raising large portion of reve-
nue., for the support of Government, from du-
ties on goods imported. The power to lay
these duties ia inquest ionable, and its chief
object, of course is TO seplenish the treasury.
But if, in doing thIs an incidental adv antage
may be gained by encouraging the industry OF
our own citizens, it is duty to avail our.
selves of that advantage.
A duty laid upon article which cannot be
produced in this country-such tea or coffee,
adds 10 the cost of the article, and is chiefly
or wholly paid by the consumer, But a duty
laId upon an article which may Se produced
here, stimulates the skill and industry of ou:
own country to produce the same articles,
which is brought into :he market IN competi
tion with the foreign article, and the importer
is thus compelled 10 reduce his price TO hat,
at which the domestic article can be sold, there
10y throwing part of the duty upon the pro-
ducer of the foreign article. The continuance
of this process Gates the skill. and invites the
capital, which finally enable US to produce the
article much cheaper than 1t coulc have been
procured from abroad. thereby benehtiing both
the producer and the consumer at home. The
consequence of this, is that the ar tisau, and
the agriculturalist- arc brought together each
affords ready market for the produce OF the
other, the whole country becomes ospeFo
and the ability 20 produce every necessary OF
life renders independent in war well as
In peace.
A high tariff can never be permanent.
1t will cause dissatisfaction and will be
changed. 1t excludes competition, and
thereby invites the investment of capita
in manu- factures, to such excess. that
when changed it brings distress, bank
ruptcy and ruin, upon all who have been
mIsled by lis faithless protection. What
the manufacturer wants. is uniformity
and permanency, that he may feel a
confidence that he is not to be ruined by
sudden changes. But to make a tariff
uniform and permanent, it is not only
necessary that the law should not be al
tered, but that the duty should not fuc-
tuate. To effect this, all duties should
be specific, whenever the nature of the
article is sue b as to admit of it. Ad val
orem duties fluctuate with the price, and
offer strong temptations to fraud and per-
Jury. Specific duties, on the contrary,
are equal and uniform in all ports. and at
all times, and offer a st rong inducement
to the importer to bring the best article,
as he pays no more duty upon that, than
upon one of inferior quality.
therefore strongly recommend mod
ifcation of the present tariff, which has
pros.rated some of our most important
and necessary manufactures, and that
| specific duties be imposed sufficient tc
| raise the requisite revenue, making such
discrimination in favor of the industrial
pursuits of our own country as to encour-
age home production, without excluding
foreign competition. II is also important
that on unfortunate provision in the pres
ent tariff which imposes a much higher
duty upon the raw material that enter.
into our manufactures than upon the
manufactured article, should be remedieG
The papers accompanying the repor
Of the Secretary Of the Treasury will dis
close frauds attempted upon the revenue
in variety and amount SO great, as t
| Justify the conclusion that 1t Is impossi