The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-03-31

probably appear that there many Of them in detached
bodies, which have not been granted.
do not speak Of the gold region embracing the entire
foothills Of the Sierra Nevada some five hundred miles
long and sixty miles broad in connection with the public
tenn for sale and settlement for reasons which win be
hereafter assigned. 80
The survey p the public lands on system suited
Portancs In the Inhabited portions Of the Territory. the
boundaries Of Mexican grants running they do in all
direcons will render the system Of surveys BY parallels
OF iautude and Longitude quite lmpIactcable !, -,
In All parts OF the Country irrigation is desirable and as
benefits should be secured far possible, BY suitable
surveys and legal regulations Most Of the valleys are
waiered by streams sufficiently large to be rendered very
useful Il would therefore, seem wise TO lay OIL the land
in conformity the OF the hills and streams which
A system Of drainage which would also secure irrga.
ton, absolutely necessary to give value to the great
is SO extensive and level, that if the rivers passing
through il never TO overflow their banks the rain
which falls in winter woad render the greater portion Of
il unfit for cultivation: The foundation OF such sys.
tenn only be established in the survey and sale of the
land,
suitable Qaaces, and proper directions and By leaving
0ide margins 10 the rusrs. that they may haze plenty OF
increase their channels ,usn Their oaters ah Be
confined yuhin them BY embankments
Il would be we'll, ALSO regulate the price Of these
ing them
pursuit 70 California, make this valley OF the most
beautiful and productive portions Of the Union.
COMMERCIAL RESOURCES.
The commercial resources Of California are at present.
founded entirely on her metallic wea-her mineral
treasures remaining undevel0ped, and her fertile soil al
most wholly negected and this must continue to be the
case as long as labor employed in collecting gold shall
oe more profitable tnan IN any other pursuit which can
The day is probably not distant, however, when her
minerals especially the quicksilver mines, will be exten
Gold Is the product OF the country, and is Immediately
available, in an unconed state for all the purposes Of ex.
change II Is not there as in other countries where the
productions OF the earth and OF art sent to markets.
foreign domestic-to be exchanged for the precious
metals, or other articles Of value There gold not o.
supplies the medium OF domestic trade. but Of scnd oy
At first view. this state Of th;savsen r. 0o"
favorable 70 an vsnhgs would seem to be un
home y en- n with other parts 81
.mSuucfion for the vast number of vessels which
sssQA arrive with supplies
turn cargoes, will estimate the entire profits Of the voy
age their outward freighs, and become, on their
rival. willing carriers for comparatively small consid-
This tendency in the course OF trade il would seem.
must make San Francisco warehouse for the supply to
certain extent Of all the ports OF the Pacific American,
Almost every article now exported by them finds a
ready market in California, and the establishment Of
than ten millions per annum, from the west coast
OF Mexico and perhaps ultimately from Chill and Peru,
to be sssayed and coined
Vessels bound round Cape Horn, with cargoes for
kes the American coast Of the Pacific. can, by taking
advantage of the southeast trade Winds and standng
as short time az they can to Valparaiso or any port south
of California Vessels have sailed from our Atlantic
ports to San Francisco in less than hundred days. and
they have BEEN in than instance, one hun
dred and twenty days in going from Panama to San
caused BY the Of the Winds and the .Guf stream
OF the Pacific mentioned in my remarks on the climate
of California.
The vessels from our Atlantic ports took advantage of
the winds by steering from the Cape far into the Pac
ic 10 be enabled TO take course west of the Gulf
stream in sailing noIthward. thus awaiting themselves.
nrst OF the southeast, then OF the northwest Grades
and avoiding opposing currents.
The vessels from Panama were kept back by Gains. ad
Winds and II will be perceived therefore,
that there be nducement for vessels bound round
Cape Horn, with mixed assorted cargoes, to stop
Valparaiso. callao. Guayaqu any other port the
west coast because the exports OF all those places will
seek market San Franchises and their supply Of mer-
chandee, return freight will be delivered at less
pense than i can be by vessels direct from Atlantic ports,
American or European This tendency of trade to con.
centrac at San Francisco will be aided by the course Of
exchange.
worth sls at the United States mint IT, therefore, mer-
chant OF Valparaiso has ten thousand in San
Francisco received 10 payment for lumber barley hour
the United States or Europe he will gain $4,000 at he
outset by sending his gold to New York. besides saving
something the freight and insurance. and at least one
months interest
The countries on the west coast of America have no
exports which find market in China other parts OF
Asia. San Francisco will, therefore, become not only
the mart OF these exports but also OF the products and
manufactures OF India, required in exchange for them,
which must be paid for, principally, in gold coin gold
dust Neither gold coin nor gold dust will answer as
remittance to China Cold in China, is not currency
any shape nor Is received in payment OF import duties,
or taxes on land, on the industry OF the people
Thevaue Of pure gold in China is not far from sl4 the
ounce Hence, the importer Of manufactures and pro-
ducts Of India into San Francisco will remit the gold coin
bills on London. These bills will be sent to London
and placed 10 the credit OF the firm in China from
whom the merchandise had been received, and who,
on learning OF the remittance having gone forward
to their agents, will draw sir months sight bill for
the amount which will sell in China at the OF four
shillings and ffco pence or three pence per dollar.
have statement before me from one OF the most emf
nent merchants and bankers Of New York. who was for
many years engaged extensively in the India trade which
shows that the profit gain ten thousand of
gold, thus RENTED, would be S34,434 a.
And that the loss on the same quantity, sent di-
rect 10 China, would be $1,000 90
Total difference in prof, and loss in favor Of
the remittance 10 New York s50,034 "a
II will thus be perceived that nature has 80 arranged
the winds and OF the Pacific and disposed OF her
vast treasures in the hills and mountains of California
to give 10 the harbor OF San Francisco the control oh
the commerce OF that ocean, far may be connect
ed with the west coast OF America.
Important the commerce OF the Pacific undoubtedly