The Rutland herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1850-1852, 1850-12-05

balboa b. ~ ;ses sslis. and thsr ~ ave .t
| sta rightly .ela-rordt iaAuv ra,ttsps ~ dol
iArs 10 tbe lssos,fs ell nh as- noa pad in
hrotrrseo 10 repscr' tins ptcs,ous metal INTO
Avs.sAss funds Th. discount ePas Ihrtr
hstd eMrn,ngs ss heavy tai. and every RI
sort should t~ msac by the GsvctntDcni to
riste ibsH from ~ rr~s; bgrssn
Nofc thsn uhrvc-invrths oi oar population
s'c rnes ed IN the c1its atom q. usr s0ii .-
I be commercial. manufacturing, aud nav BE-
aai1ng iatrrre's IRE all, Ia great extent, c.
I~ede -, on ihs agricultural |; -, ttefei'Tr,
the nosi iHPoftan, ,nbtss, al tic nation,
abS has iu.i claim 10 the fostering cA'~ ard
r'u;sc;sot 81 ihc Sn,rrniu..ii, 81 lar a. ih"t
can se extended cons,tently piih the pro
VISIONS e the Constitution. ~ iks cannot
toe done hy the o'dinAt, mode. cflcg'ssi'on,
respectfully rrec 'nn,cnd The establishment ct
Sir Asfr nliG'al Bureau. 10 tc charged VIA
the duty 81 giving 10 Ihs lrsding bianeh OF
Aur,icau industry TIC encouragement winch
Ut 40 we'll deserves
Ia view % The immense mineral resources
81 cur country, PROVISIONS should also "r
made for the employment Of a compc'cn
mrralog,si and cheins,, Who should Il" re-
guired, under the direction Il tue head oi lie
hutcau TO collect specimens of The various
minerals 1t Our country. aud u ascertain, by
careful analysis, their respective elements
aud properties, and ihcu adoption 10 useful
purpnses &c shonld also bc required t. cN.
anime and report npon the qualities %. differ
.nt soiiS and the WauIJrs hcsi calcula'"d L.
| Improve thrir prutuctNVucss. ny phbiiSi'
~, the rrrults of such Apartments, with suit
able explanations. and by the col, ctun aud
distribution Of rare seeds and plants with la-
jsiru,tlous as So the uc-i system of cU!uva'
uon. mich may be- dune 10 promote tlIs
g;cai nation Of interest
| la compliance with the act Of Congress,
passed on thc Ord of May. lcio, PROV ,dcd /,
among other things Cor taking the seventh
ccusus, superintendent, was appointed ,
aud of Other measures adopted which were
dccu"d necessary To ensure The prompt and
faithful performance of that duty. The APP
preparation already made will, II is believed,
Sc sufficient Ia deiray the whole expense OF
The work but further legislation may be
necessary IN regard TO the compensation OF
some of The Marshals of the Territories. |,
vii also b. proper to make provision 10y law,
at an early hour, for the publication of such
abstracts Of the returns as the public mt rests
| ia'y require.
The unprecedented growth Of our Terr'tor-
| ,rs on the Pacific ~ wealth aud population,
and the consequent increase OF their soeInl
| and commercial relations " itli the Atlantic
| States seem TO render Il the duty oil Gov
| crnmeni 10 use oil ,s constitutional power To
| improve the means Of intercourse wt.h them
| The IMPOTENCE Of opening "a line ni
| communication. the best and most rNpcdi-
| ,ous al which the nature of the country WI!
admit between the valley If the. AiisSis-
>ppu and the Pacific, was brought to Your
notice hy my Predecessor, IN lls anuuhi mes
sage aud as the reasons which he present
81 ~ favor of the measure stu exist ~ i"l'
f,rcc | bog leave to call your attention /"
| them. and 10 repeat the Recommendations
then made by. him.
The uncertainty which exists in regard ID
the validity uf land titles in California, !, u
subject which demands your carly consider
alton. Large bodies OF land III that State
are claimed under grants said 10 have been
made BY authority of the Spanish and MeN'
can Governments. Many of these have not
been perfected, others have been revoked
and some nIc believed Ia be fraudulent, But
until they shall have been judicially nNcsh'
gated, they will continue To rctard the settle
nicnt and improvement, Of the country J.
therefore, respectfully recommend 'hat pro-
visions be- made by law, for the appointment
Of commissioners 10 examine all surh claims
with view Ia their final adjustment.
! also beg leave to call your attention u
The pfopricty of extending. nj an early day,
our system nfland laws with such m"dIiicn'
California aud the Territories Of Utah ana
Now Mexico. The mineral lands OF CAN
fornia wall. of course, form an exception u
any general system which may DO adopted
| Various methods Of disposng ~ iA'lil nave
been suggested. was ut first inclined To
favor the system OF leasing, as II seemed Ia
premise the largest revenue to tue HoNeTh-
lnent, and to afford the best sccurity against
mpnopolics but further reflection, ana our
experience in leasing The lead mines mn"
selling lands upon credit, have Dio"e"t III!
mind ia the conclusion Una, there W""ld Ice
great difficult, in collecting the rents, ahd
th', the relation of debtor and creditor be-
tween the citizens and the Government
would be attended with many nlsehicNOus
consequences.
therefore recommend that instead Ct Re-
tanning the mineral lands under the permanent
control of the Government, they be divided
nto small parcels and SOLD, under -nch r"S'r,r-
tions as to quantity and time as vi. insure the
best Price, and guard most cfcctua'iy against
combinations Of capitalists L. obtain nph"po'
lics.
The annexation of Texas and the acquisition
Of California and New Mexico have given in.
| crcas ed importance 10 our Indian relations
The various tribes brought under our lurisdic
dictlop by these enlargments of our bounia-
| rics are estimated 10 embrace population OF
one hundred and twenty -four thousand.
Texas and new Mexico arc surrounded hy
powerful tribes of indians, who are source Of
constant terror and annoyance TO the ifhabi-
tan,'. Separating into small predatory bands
and always mounted, they oyerrun the country
devastating farms, destroying crops, driving on
whole herds Of cattle, and occasionally murder
ing the inhabitants or carrying them into cap
usity. The great roads leading into the coun'
try are infested with them, whereby travelling
IL rendered extremely dangerous aud imnigra
, ton Il almost entirely arrested. The Mexican
frontier which, by the llth article of the trca
. ~ Of Guadalupe iiidalgo, we are bound to pro
tyct against the indians within our border, Il
ehp"sed TO these incursions equally with oui
: own. The military force stationed in that
country (alth6ugh forming a large proportion
; If tue army is repreSentel A. entirely made
: quste to Cur own protection ard the tuhlmett
! Of cur treaty stipulat ons with MCKEE. TIE
$ principal lCfcieucy i. In cavalry, and recon
, incld that Congress should, at as carly period
I =, practice be, provide for the raising Of on,
/. or more regiments Of mounted men.
toi further sugges,.ous On this subject, auc
' others come ted with our domestic Interests
aud the defence of our frontier / refer YOU u
! the report ot the Secretary Il the Inferior aGl
p, OF the Secretary Of War.
commend also "a your favorable cnnsidera
{ tion the suggestion contained in the last men
toned report, and in the letter of the general
, in-cticf relative To- the establishment of An ss
p ylum fYr the rclict Of disabled and destitute
so!iIers This subject al peas 30 strongly 60