Weekly national intelligencer., 1850-03-02

the sentiments and the language Of his immortal Farewell Ad-
dress to his counymen and applying them to the circum
stances by which surrounded.
We therefore declare that sthe unity Of Government which
constitutes people justly dear for is main pill
lar the edfce of real independence the support OF
tranquility at home peace abroad of safety OF our
prosperity and of that very liberty which highly prize
National Union is Of immense value 10 our coec-
tive and individual happiness that should cherish cor
dial habual and mmovable attachment to t accustomng
ourselves think and speak the palladium OF our po-
ica safety and prosperity watching for its preservation
with jealous anxiety whatever may suggest
suspicion that it in any event be abandoned and
Indignantly irownng upon the first dawniDg of attempt
ALLEVIATE any portion of country from the rest or to en-
feeble the sacred ties which link together the various parts
Czens by birth choice OF county that coun-
try has right affections. The name OF
American, whchbelopgs national capacity must
always exa the just pride of patriotism, more than any ap
peaon derived from local dscrminatons We have IN
cause fought and umphed together the indepen-
dence and liberty possess the work Of joint counses
and joint efforts of dangers suerings and successes
sBut these considerations however powerfully they address
themselves sensiby, greatly outweghed by those
which apply more Immediately interests Here every
portion Of country finds the most commanding motives TOR
carefully guarding and preserving the union Of the whole
of ans and efforts greater strength proporsionaby greater
security from external dange and, what is Of inestmabe
value derive from union exemption from those
bros and wars which frequently act neghbong coun-
tries not tied together by the Government which their
own rvashps alone would be sufficient produce but which
opposite foreign alliances attachments, and ntgues would
stimulate and embiter Hence likewise, will avoid the
necessity of those overgrown military establishments which,
any form Of government nauspcious to liberty and
which to be regarded particularly hostile to republican
liberty In this it is that Union ought to be consi
dered the main prop liberty and that the love Of the
ought to endear to the preservation Of the other
These sentiments Of the Father of his Country entitled
the respect of the people of every part Of the republic East
and West, North and South. He lived THE UsIos he
died and buried UNION and in this Compression
district Let the future historian record the melancholy
fact that his honored remains epose in donted member Of
| a once powerful and united empire Of freemen
With these feelings proceed TO the business for which
assembled The question of Slavery has agtated the
councils Of the country various periods from the foundation
Of Government In the formation of the Constitution its
influence powerfully e but conflicting opinions
then econced by the spirit Of enlarged patriotism and
promise which animated the members Of the Convention
that time there have been three occasions only
far the Congress Of the United States concerned, in
which there has been legislative action and these will
briefly refer -.
The first was the celebrated Missouri question, which
finally adjusted by Congress- with the assent of the
Of The distinguished statesmen of the South
well the North and their sanctioned by James
Monroe Southern Presidents and Of his Cabinet composed
of five MEMBERS three Southern men, to wit, VIM. H.
| Crawford, John @. CALHOUN, and William Writ.
The second occasion the insertion Of the Missouri
promise line in the joint resolutions for the annexation Of
Texas But these resolutions gave the Executive the al
tentative of proceeding upon the authority which they
ferred, by treaty, he might think best and in the
ecse Of this discretion the Executive with John Tyler
Southern President at its hesd, and with John c. Calhoun
Secretary Of State, decided promptly under the
thoty Of the joint resolutions and not by treaty and thus
effected the exclusion Of slavery from any States
be formed out of Texas north Of $50 3O'.
The third the insertion of wha. commonly called the
Wmot proviso into the Oregon Territorial bill. AS the
whole of this territory north Of the line $50 80, it
supposed fall within the principle of the Missouri compro
me and the act Of Congress- voted for by Southern and
Northern men, sanctioned by James X. Polk, also q
Southern President Of the United States.
We pause.at this PERIOD and ask all dspassionate il
any has been passed by the National Legislature which
will justify u.s. Southern men, resorting the extreme
which have been suggested in certain quarters
remedy for grievances We know that of the ofhe
Legislatures Of several of the Northern States and Of many
OF their czen we nave just cause OF compan Tor we have
been gevousy wronged by them but, far any egs
ave action by Congress is concerned, think the appeal
must be answered in the negative.
But new difficulty is upon We have by the late
with Mexico acquired immense territory, and the question
is how shall it be while remains in its territorial
| condition
The question is not to the policy mpolcy Of thai
acquisition. It is II acquired by joint
exerons and ought be held for benefit The
disposition of the North far indications Of public sent
ment have reached to insist in any territorial bill that
may be formed, upon the exclusion of slavery while the
South, with entire unanmity resist this legislative exclusion
The latter do not ask for positive law establishing slavery
but they demand that Congress shall not egsae upon the
subject and that it shall be left be decided by the Judicial
tribunals whether under the Constitution of the United Ses
or the local law Of the Territory, both combined slavery
may may not exist there In regard to the right Of the
people of the Territories when forming State constitutions
to exclude or to admit slavery to them shall best
believe there is serious diversity of opinion; and
views that subject will be found in the fifth resolution
which is copied verbatin from submitted the Senate
the United States the honorable John c. Calhoun South
! Carolina. a....a
The Legislature Of every Southern State the Union has,
with almost entire unanmy declared the solemn and
explicit manner their unqualified opposition the appca-
ton of the Wmot proviso to the territories acquired from
Mexico In March, ls47 Legislature acted the
subject Again, in January 1s4s, and for the third time at
the present session. Upon the second and third of these