New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1850-09-04


making the whole bill sl43.057- II some TO ~nf
sbe amount raised i1r the support OF me poor u
considerably larger thsn tho amount raised LOT st
education Of the children. The aggregate paupsI
tax IN the s., ate is somewhat more tnan nan a.
large az II tsa for pobiic instruction 7" "a
about many peupsrs - we maze ,,,,rt.
ere; ara the average annual expense Oh ~ =
ing each psuper is eboos .~othrof az naco % ..
average paw Of female teacher for ye1 r. 90 80
viee-re. kopiug G ear the average ie"5sa VI ''o
SUNNI CIR eEd wipter schools. ,L - -
Some OF our pxupeYs were nSe'9 s0Uu " 0n,
avoidsbIe accident others arc iofelghsrs, over
.t,.a sG,sstfon and early habits 40 could have
,;s.iad ic,;o, zhile another portion have been
made r.ureys by causes Ti.hln human control
W hfye yo cefsBin dssa which wii enable ui to
,,Isca the exact smouDE % each OF these accounts
IL woe be very lsrge estimate 70 charge twenty.
FIVE per cent ~ the foreign account, and the same
TO Unavoidable contingencies; ard we shall then
hsve fifty per cent left ohergeable TO csusea thu:
might and ought % have been removed. This
gives ST., 52s 50 annually expended IN tanpering
With Effects, While 3 mostly Of II ja5ici1asly ap
piled would have re moved The CAUSES
Here then we have stubborn fact locking every
taxpayer and every legislator stssnlg IN the face,
fact admitting no other alternaiiye, bat 70 exPend
more than $40 900 year profsiass ard without re-
turn OF else 20 control and direct those forces whose
resalts pow require this useiess outlay
We aubuit snat tho conclusions OF Mr. THURS
TON concerning the oauses Of crime cannot fall 10
command the sssent Of every refscting reader,
who il WILING t. looh below the surface.
cRImisALs AID CRIMINAL PROSECUTIONS.
Another bali ne edless dr1aghs upon the revenue
OF the ale is the expense OF taking care OF Grim
insIs A bout 700 annually paid from the
stata treasury Tor critninsl prosecutions and pro-
badly about as mach more is expended by the
ccunties for the same purpose. Our criminals
t,k eyop CEuf Ycr rvipf
prisous Hluer be built aud officers mnss be appoint
cd to take charge o. them. Since Maine became
sepurste State, 1921, 500 81 have be en- drawnfro
the public treasury on account OF the State prison
-nskiDg an aoDual outlay Of more than $1,000
over ard above the profits accruing from the labor
OF the convlcts.
a hrge aiority of all the conyicts who have
been cpgtd IN jails and PRISONS might have been
saved srous depreciation and crime, might have been
made Industrious aud respectable citizens, II dor-
ing childhood aud youth, their physical and menta!
powers bad been Iiehtly developed and their moral
nature properly cultivated This poinE mas peeG
30 frequently argued, go clearly demonstrated and
SO generally admitted by tke community that we
shall not stop to discassit. The question conimends
itseIf to every mans common HenBe, whether up.
on the whole it Is the cheapest and beet policy to
make criminals and support them AZ the public
CHARGE or to control the pfimo'5ia! causes and
make them honest and useful rnerlbels OF society,
machinery for the suppression Of CRIME. We Sc
lect cur ahest ana wisest men for judges. We
add Jurors, Witpeseeg and executive officers. The
people, through the legislature, define the crime
and AZ the peussy. confer on the courts the
dread power over properly, perEoDet l0erty and
even life itself. This machinery Is worked at v&st
expense Toe object is 10 hunt down the ttans-
gressor and protect goeiety from his reVageS OF
ell this mighty array of power, of WISDOM and Elk
pense, rot g 1.-THE is aimed at the removal OF the
cause. II only attempts 20 alleviate the effects
When the incendiary applies the torch to the build
ing, tbs whole community are on the alert to detect
and punish the criminal All recognize the burn
ing brand as the antecedent, and conaagretion as
the consequent but neither judge nor jury take
any cognizapce OF the relation between the early
education OF tho ipcepdisry and the state of mind
chat impelled him 20 the faEal deed During all the
formative process OF she child tho court must etand
by and look on Though the elements OF per- jury,
Of theft OF robbery, Of murder, are daily nsinu-
ated into the very flores OF that child, the court has
no preventive Injunction to issue. IL must lie IN
ambush Till the theft is committed, till the ianocent
are slain till the asnaaan hea perpetrated his deed
of violence. And eyen then the court has no
power TO recompepse the Injured to reeoie lie TO
the murderer's victim it's only emollients for 90.
suaeiDg tho anguish OF these aocal wounds are
fines, imprisonment and death,
Go stand in our courts OF justice See the wretch
ed oulpri brought Ia 10 receive bis sentence-sur-
rounded by the learned councillors, the dignihed
Judge and The grave Jurors. 90 back in magma
sion 10 the earliest infancy of shs cuprit, of thoss
couf sellers, of that judge, and oil those Jurors, and
you will find in that now degraded culprit, mind
as pure as free from moral taint, as capable OF ex
pspsioD, OF Improvement, OF happiness and usetol-
ness in life SIS In either Of the others Follow that
embryo convict tow yenrs during childhood and
youth. Behold the circumstances that made HIM
what he now is--clrouus tanceg beyond his control
tis,hf
ought to have controlle0 society presenting the
absud spectacle OF creating the cause or at least
permitting it To exist and then Furnishing the effect.
There are hundr. DIS Of children gro wing up in our
State In conditions and surrounded by circumstan,
ces, such, that it iS morally certain, that they will
become candidates for the prison or tho galows.
II lie In car power TO change those circumstances
Shel we do it7
HE remarks on the duties Of the State, in this
matter, may be thought over with advantage by
many OF our own citizens.
DUTY OF THE STATE 10 EDUCATE TIE cHlLn
IL view OF the preceding considerations, the
question very naturally arises, what lie our duty as
ss,ste Whist can be done to relieve posserity
OF the evils under which we sutier The ans wer
is plain. We must enlarge and energize our inati.
tuliops, till they eucrce the entire community and
leave the impre of health, intelligence aud virtue
on every individual. Ia other words, we mpet give
cNoiS Cuhu III tilS pe6Ee 81 euuGbtOH. Anu : 10
not use the word education in itf limited technical
eense, but as the result Of I'll chose infuenceE that
surround che human being from infancy to mature
age, whether those Influences originate with the
parent, the teacher, the sohco-house, the church
the living voice or the written page whether they
act on the physical, mental or moral natures, OF
upon those mysterious Eynpathies and connections
existing between the body and the mind. That
education 10 good or BAD, complete OF defective,
perfect or imperfect just in proportion as it directs
and develoPs all ths powers and faculties In obedi.
ence to the lava Of car being.
In educating the child we should begin with the
body All the physical powers should be deyel
oped and strengthened their natural health and
Figor preserved, and thet, entire energies made
subsesvient 70 the tsae interest OF his intellectual
and moral patnre TO secure shis end, 1t is eaRen-
tlai that the pupil himEn!f ahond understand the
She structure Of hiz own frame, comprehend the
nature and uses Of the several parls--.he bones,
the muscles, the nerves, the skin, The oreaps d
natpnk II. at-At-. -