The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1850-03-20


forget that tho truths and the H,incles % JEST
S. Christ were preached, and yet how f6yv converted
at they forget also. that even In christian land
tween natoi,s protesting The truths Of Christianity
Il howySars, njlst wars are wnged.
In nil this lies cnuse of the greet dissenslon
and exasperations existing amongst us.
Slavery docs exist in the United States and die
exist In the States before and ut tho time of The
adoption the Constitution. He proposed to show
what the state Of public sentiment In relation
to il, at the North and nt tho South at that time
anil wnt the grcat and wise men Of oil parts Of tl,t
country thought Off in 1887. At that time ther,
wts 10 great diversity Of opinion, and It will bt
foun' ,hlt both pariics-Suuth and North-helc
slavery to be n great moral and political evil. No
much. though some invectivc against il rs n crue
condition. was uttered; but the great objection was
i being political evil, taking tho place of free
labor; ns labor which was less strong and les,
productive All held it to be an evil and Inscribed
II Justly to the evil policy of tho mother country
who entnicd 1t on tho colonies Eraincnt mer
held II to be blight. mildcw, scourgc, a curse
and tho North was not then excited against 1t q.
| the south.
| This was the light in which tho Convention
! which formed the Constitution held it. Tho ones
| ti"n then was. how to deal with tho OWL. They
Thought slavery could not continue ifthcy prohibi
teh ,hh lmporiation Hence n limit to importation
"t slaves was proposed. Twenty years was promo.
Sed bya Northern man. Southern gentlemen op.
| posed that ns being too long. Mr. Madison ,yn
warm in opposi ing it rs too long.
The term slavery" nor Fugitive slaves" ." !. no,
nsci in the Constitution. "Persons bound to srrv;
tu''c; is the term used Mr.. Madison said the
wor,l was not recognized by the Constitution.
| The Convention met in Philadelphia, and snt
from May to Scptrmbcr 1887 Congress was dur.
! ing the whole limo in session Mt New York An
the great men of the country were in either one or
the other body. a few perhaps held seats i'm both
was IN the summer of 1897. anil while the Con.
Een!':; va; 'T':ii'ng the Constitution. that Con.
grcss was framing the ordinnnc of 'S7. There
WIS p"ricci concurrence between the two bo}es
The ordinance applied to NIL the Territory then
belonging t" the United States, being that north.
west Cf the river Ohio.
Virginia had few wears prcyiO,aly coded IN ,hs
United States all this Territory. IL was n mac.
mnnlmnns act II was one Of the E,rcst claims Of
virginia to our respect and gratitude and only sec.
nh I" that other claim, that from her counscs and
from her statesmen first einanatc the i,lcu of form
ing general Constitution.
ihis ordnance was in full o2crninn when the
constitution was adopted and the government nut
i'll operation in 1889
II was clear ~ historical truth, that at the
framing ofthc Constitution il was the cruer,l ey.
pccia'ion that upon the ccnsilg Of importation nf
slaves. in the country would begin to run out. II
wns also an historical truth that far rs power
existed ib the Congress to prohibit ,hc breads Of
slavery in the United States that poyvcr WINS excr.
cisr,i tn the fullest extent
The Senator from South Carolina had said that
ms "r'linnncc was the first Of the series Of cprivn.
lions ot the privileges and cQrlics Of the South
but that II was 'lnnc bv tho Conf;lcra lion J,wes
'hr act {" the Confederation, but was done with tho
concurrence Of ;ho whole South The ordinance
was adopted ny an unanimous vote Of the South.
cfn S1a1r~. ailI the only vote against il was
Northern one Here he nigh, pause and reflect
on the perfect accord in tho opinion Of the North
ana South on this subject nj TIM, time
bnt "plnon had changed both ut the North and
the South. Slavery was not now considered at
the South ~ nm evil. Soon nftcr these events, n
chahec IN opinion began nnd severance Of upin-
ION showed itscif--ihu North going more strong
nnd ma warm against slavery. the South more strong
anu warm in favor Of it. What has been the cause
OF the change in the opinion of the South,
cnh',Sc winch has given slavery new nomencln.
.ufS no, !. cnrsn Is now an ing zion and not sconrgc
suIJ.n G,'rsc e 'npTa sd i. to beo,ving to tho
sulisn rising and rapid growth of tho cotton pnn.
es lnserest. TWAS this gave tho desire TO In.
e'IhSe va -. " In Dor. and 10 spread It.
n E9o- ~. tho exports oi-Cossen wore not more,
hnGhalty. thnn forty fifty thousand dollars; now
nrl,nps, it il n hundred millions year AT thai
time there was more wax, indigo and rico raised |
than cotton. 1t was not believed in England that
any cotton was raised: and Mr.. Jefferson says, that
ntier the treaty by which, American produces was |
allowed to be carried to tIssss s.san YES. !
sels = S;ssisl
mission tn land by the officers :::ho custom house;
they declaring tina. Cotton no, raised in this
country.
They know better now. Tie age Of Cotton has
been n golden age to the South II has excited u
desire which has grown what i, fed unon. nn'l
soon 1t became the rage for new area Of territory
to raisc Cotton.
In 1909. Alabama was added to tho Cor nfrlerncy.
In 1903, Louisiana including what now composers
the slave States of Missouri and Arkansas. In
1919 Florida was more slave holding Territory.
Tho Senator from South Carolina said that he
had seen In the policy OF the Government. in the
rapid growth of the North. This may be NO. Blu,
If any operation Of government; can b. shown to
increase the population and growth Of the North.
il can bc nothing TO the operations Of tho govern
mnni tn promote slave territory. II was not the
operations Of time that brough, in Florida and
Louisiana. bu, the acts Of man AM, amcng these
of man might be included the anne Iaton of
Texas in lSi5 This last closed the chapter and
settled the account; for the 1ntiOn Of Texas BY
the resolutions adopted did no, leave one acre Of
land lhnt was not settled slave territory. by
those resolutions il was ghnrnntie.l by law.
There was not foot Of land in the United
States the character Of which. far M slavery
Free Soil was concerned, which not settled
firmly by high and irr.pcnblc laws. At the time
of the annexation of Teyas. III" Senator from
South Carolina was nt the head Of the State De-
parfmrnt; there then in the Senate gentle
rnan remarkable for his activity and nrlroitncss,
who has since been Secretary of The Treasury.
tMr Wulkrr,) and between them both they had
settled the character Of the Territory Of r"1as for
all time. II WAS neatly done--a close piece Of
toner's work.
Mr.. W. read that part Of the resolution, Of an
nexn,ion Of Texas particularly referring TO new
slave States to Ia marked ont Of her territory with
her consent, anu mining tniS pl II OF tlic com
pact
lie said that by these resolutions i, solemn.
" secured that ont of the territory ofrcNas new
States 10 the nimb,r Of four NAV hc formed those
South of :l6g }Dm to h. slave States. those North
to b. free. No act Of Congress can add strength
To this guaranty Texas accepts the terms and
come. in upon them. He saw way in which
The Government rnlcnsr itself from This obliga-
lion. Slnvory was fixed there by positive guarnn-
anty.
The resolutions provide that free States can b.
formed north Of 3jdg. Som. hn, til" consen, of
Texas is required How could commc; be
formed if the North had the ovrrshadowng pow
or which the Senator from South Carolina says it
has had
IN ,hc House Of Representatives these rcsolu.
lions were adopted by eighty Southern aud fly
Northern votes. In the Senate. by vote OF TWEEN
ty-scvcn To twenty-five. OF ;his twenty.scvcn,
thirteen We're from the free Starcs-iour from New
England. Nearly onc-half Of the vote was Free
Soil votes. lie knew nothing so rcum rknblc in
history as this affair. This Territory Of Texas
over which bird could not fly in n wcck-annox.
ed, and positively guaranteed to be slave Terrific
ry and three ionr,hs of the lih.rty loving mem.