The North-Carolina standard., 1850-05-22

render an approach to the ocean through their
limits of any great importance.
majority of the committee think that there are
many and urgent concurring considerations in favor
of admitting California with the proposed bounda.
res, and Of securing to her at this time the benefits o
State government. 1t, hereafter, upon increase
OF her population, more thorough exploration o
her territory, and an ascertainment of the relations
which may arise between the people occupying its
various parts, it should be found conducive to thei
convenience and happiness to form a new State out
of California, we have every reason to believe from
experience, that the question of its admission
will be fairly considered and justly decided.
majority of the committee, therefore, recommend
to the Senate the passage of the bill reported by the
committee on Territories for the admission of Calor
mia State into the Union. To prevent misconcep-
ment reported by the same committee to the bill be
adopted SO as to leave nconestable the right of the
United States to the public domain and other public
property in California.
Whilst majority of the committee believe it to he
necessary and proper, under actual circumstances, to
admit California. they think it quite necessary and
proper to establish governments for the residue of
the territory derived from Mexico, and to bring it
within the pale Of the Federal authority. The re-
moteness Of that territory from the seat of the Cen
eral Governments the dispersed state of its popula-
tion; the variety of races-pure and mixed-of which
it consists; the ignorance of some of the of
laws language, and habits; their exposure 10 inroads
and wars of savage tribes; and the solemn stpula-
tions of the treaty by which we acquired dominion
over them, impose upon the United States the imper
ative obligation of extending to them protection and
of providing for them government and laws suited to
their condition. Congress will fail in the perform
ance of high duty if it does not give. or attempt to
give, to them the benefit of such protection, govern
time TO- come may not be, prepared for State govern
ment. The territorial form, for the present. is best
suited to their condition. bill has been reported
by the Committee on Territories, dividing all the
territory acquired from Mexico not comprehended
within the limits of California into two Territories,
under the names of New Mexico and Utah, and pro-
posing for each territorial government.
The committee recommend to the Senate the es-
tablishment of those territorial governments and in
order more certainly secure that desirable object
they also recommend that the bill for their establish
ment be incorporated in the bill for the admission of
California, and that, united together, they both be
passed.
The combination of the two measures in the same
bill is objected to various grounds. 1t is said that
they are incongruous and have necessary connec-
ton with each other. majority of the committee
think otherwise The object of both measures is the
establishment of government suited to the conditions
respectively, of the proposed new State and of the
Territories. Prior their transfer to the United
States, they both formed part of Mexico, where
they stood in equal relations to the Government Of
that Republic. They were both ceded to the United
States by the same treaty. And in the same article
of that treaty, the United States soemnly engaged
common in their alienation from foreign govern
ment to another, common in their wants of good gov
eminent, and conterminous in some of their bounda-
res. and alike in many particulars of physical condi-
tion they have nearly every thing in common in the
relations in which they stand to the rest of this Union
There is then. general fitness and propriety in ex-
tending the parental of government to both in
common. If California, by sudden and extraordi-
nary augmentation of population. has advanced so
rapidly as to mature her for State Government, that
,xr,hu %hn1
of New Mexico and Utah should be abandoned and
left ungoverned by the United States, should be
disconnected with California, which, although she
has organized for herselfa State government, must
be legally and constitutionally regarded Terrific
ry until she is actually admitted State in the
Union.
1t is further objected, that by combining the two
measures in the same bill, members who may be
willing to vote for and unwilling to vote for the
other, would be placed in embarrassing condition.
They would be constrained, it is urged, to take or
to reject both. On the other hand, there other
members who would be willing to vote for both uni
ted, but would feel themselves constrained to vote
against the California bill if it stood alone. Each
party finds in the bill in which it favors something
which commends it to acceptance, and in the other
something which it disapproves. The true ground,
therefore, of the objection to the union of the
ures is not any want of affinity between them, but
OF the favor or disavor with which they are
respectfully regarded. In this conflict of opinion it
seems to majority of the committee that spirit of
mutual concession enjoins that the two measures
should be connected together; the effect Of which
will be that neither opinion will exclusively triumph,
and that both may find in such amicable arrange
ment enough Of good to reconcile them the accept
ance of the combined measure. And such course
of legislation is not at all unusual. Few laws have
ever passed in which there were not parts to which
exception was taken. 1t is inexpedent, if not i'm
practicable, to separate these parts, and embody them
in distinct bills, to accommodate the diversity
of opinion which may exist. The Constitution of
the United States contained in it great variety of
provisions, to of which serious objection was
made in the convention which formed it by different
members of that body; and when it was submitted to
the ratification of the States, some of them objected
to parts and others to other parts of the same
instrument. Had these various parts and provisions
been separately acted in the convention sepa-
rately submitted to the people Of the United States
is by certain thai the Constitution itself
would ever have been adopted or ratified. Those
who did like particular provisions found compen
sation in other parts of it. And in all cases of con-
stitutions and laws, when either is presented as
whole, the question to be decided is, whether the
good which it contains is not of greater amount, and
does not neutraze anything exceptionable in it. And
as nothing human is perfect for the sake of that har
mony 90 desirable in such confederacy this, we
must be reconciled to secnre much as we can O
what we do not exactly like is friendly concession
and agreeable to those who, being united with Us
common destiny, it is desirable should always live
| with Us in peace and concom.
A majority of the committee have, therefore, beer
led TO the Recommendation TO the Senate that the wt
measures Be united. The bill for establishing thu
two Territories il will be observed omits the Wimo
proyiso on the one hand and, the other, makes NJ
provision for the introduction Of slavery into any par
of the new Territories. That proviso has been tn
fruitful source of distraction and agitation. If wer
adopted and applied to any Territory, it would ceas