The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-06-26

! Mr. DAVIS, of Massachusetts,, presented several
petitions from sundry citizens OF Massachusetts,
praying modification OF the tariff OF 1916
/ THE INSANE OF THE UNITED STATES.
| Mr.. PEARCE presented a memorial from Miss
Dix, praying that Congress would set apart por
ton Of the public lands for the benefit Of the insane
persons Of the United States MIR =. made some
! remarks in favor and commentator of the humane
object ot the memorialist and mo, ed il be referred
To a select committee, and ordered to be printcd;
| and both motions adopted.
Mr.. DAVIS, of Mississippi, from the Committee
on Military Affairs, reported bill 10 provide for
the classification Of the clerks in the military bu
| reaus, and TO equalze their salaries
DRAGONS THE ARMY.
| Mr.. RUSK, pursuant 10 notice, introduced bill
providing for raising two additional regiments OF
dragons.
MILITARY ROAD IN ARKANSAS.
Mr.. SEBASTIAN, pursuant TO notice, intro
duced a bill granting the right Of way, and por-
ton OF the public lands To the State Of Arkansas, to
aid in the completion of military road in that
State.
| RESOLUTIONS.
Mr.. RUSK submitted the following resolution,
which considered and agreed to-
Resolved That the Secretary of War be directed
To communicate to the Senate the report OF the re-
cou noissance OF Lieutenant Whiting, of the Engi-
neer Corps, in the State of Texas, and recently
| submitted by HIM 10 the Engineer Department,
| together with the map accompanying the same.
| MIR KING submitted the following resolution,
| which was considered and agreed to:
| Resolved, That the Committee on Public Lands
be instructed to inquire into the expediency of
| thorzing ID. M. Hunter, uf the State of Alabama,
| to reinquish to the United States certain lands
purchased by him, list of which is furnished, and
that he be permitted to enter other lands in lieu
thereof which subject 10 entry at private sale
| MIR. DAVIS, of Mississippi, moved, and the Sen
ate proceeded 10 the consideration of tho bill grant
ing To the State of Mississippi the right of way, and
quantity Of the public land to aid III the construc
ton Of railroad in that State; and, after dis
Cusslon, the bill land the table.
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS GOVERNMENTS.
The Senate resumed the consideration of the bill
| to admit California State into the Union to
tablish territorial governments for Utah and New
Mexico; and making proposals to Texas for the s.
| adjustment OF her western and northern bounda
1 ries.
The question pending at the adjournment yester-
day the substitute proposed by MIR. SoULE,
(for that part of the bill relating to California; and
the amendment 10 establish the territorial govern
ment for South California.
| MIR. SOULE resumed his remarks. He reviewed
the Spanish laws regulating the mining interests,
contending that unless Congress specially provided
with California respecting the rights of the United
States in those mines, upon her admission into the
Union, California would have all the rights of ALSO
| lutte sovereignty over those mines and the public
domains. That California sovereign State, she
had reserved to herself all the rights of sovereignty
which she had not previously given away. lie
maintained that the provisions the BILL report
ed, were wholly inetiicacous to preserve the rights
| of the United States.
lie said he considered that unless Congress
| provided some ordinance cotemporancous with or
preceding the admission of California, the public
domain would be lost to the United States.
He said the hope was held out by the bill that
California would hereafter make the proper ccs
sion He then read from several portions Of the
debates in the California convention, 10 show that
the impression prevalent there that the public
domain would be the property of the State Of Cali
fornia.
lie next advertcd To the question of restricting
the boundaries Of California. lie said that he would
maintain the three following points First, that
the present boundaries OF California were cxtrava-
giant, as compared with those of any State admit
ted into the Union since the formation of the Con-
stituton. Secondly, that her present boundaries
were, in the geographical sense of the term unnat
| ural. Thirdly, that the boundaries of California
mpolitic; and that when this question shall be
removed from the mist thrown around it by the
| agitation OF the other questions discussed at the
present day, the Senate, he thought, would that
TO admit her with such boundaries would be i'm
polite.
He then read from the debates in the convention
in California To show that the present boundaries
were adopted because, said in those debates,
territory should be left for Congress to legslate
upon; that the slavery question should be decided
| by them, and nothing further left for agitation in
Congress. lie said that the four southern districts
which were opposed 10 State government were
| included in tboee boundaries, against the will Of
| the resident inhabitants, and because they were
told that unless they did 50 they would not be adj
mtted as a state. He read at large from these de-
| bates, 70 maintain his propositions. He read a
statement Of the in square miles Of all the States
admitted into the Union, TO show that the average
area OF each was 46, 900 square miles, while the
tent Of California, contemplated by her present
boundaries, was 1853 900 square miles.
| He read also from the debates 10 show that even
in the convention in California, the geographical
features Of the State were unshapey aud nelegant.
| He read from the works of Fremont to show that
| the country south of Sierra Nevada naturally
and geographically separate and distinct from the
| country north Of il. He read from many authori-
| establish of Ne
vada the country was we'll adapted to slave labor.
| He then adverted 10 the probable influence of
California, with its extensive limits, lite immense
population, and great Importance as empire
State if allowed 10 remain one State. He was
opposed 70 this.
lie pointed out the fact tllat Deserct bad applied
| for admission as State; that her constitution was
also adopted unanimously, and was in point Of
| time seven months prior TO California. Why, then
| did gentlemen propose 10 admit California with
| boundaries which included one-hali Of what wac
| claimed by DescreH Had not Deseret am equal
right TO the territory with the convention OF Cali
| fornia, lie could difference. Yet every
/ day they were urged to admit California, but no
| one ever heard a word said in behalf of Deseret.
Taking all these things, together with the facts
demonstrated during the proceedings in Caliior-
| MIA, he could not but conceive that these bounda
ries were framed for the purpose Of excluding the
South from her clear, legitimate, and consttu-
tional right TO equal participation in the Terri
| tories. Under such circumstances, he could not,
| by his vote, consent to any such measure.
| he uen gave Tue history OF tbc ComprOIulsc line
Of 3bo 80. IL had been originally submitted by the
North. The South, 10 preserve the Union, had been
| forced to submit 10 it, The South had gained no
thing by il, but the North had. IL was twice sub.
sequenuy renewed, once in the case Of Texas and
again ia tho case of Oregon. The South had sub.
United 10 the wrong three times and yet there were
those who were DESTROYS TO trampe her in the dust.
The South would unite that line; on tina
point they would be nearly unanimous. IL would
be- he thought, acceptable To the country.
| He did not think this bill, which excluded the
South in a measure beyond that which they had
ever submitted to, could be received with favor or
approval.
| lie contended that when the treaty of g uadalupe
1 Hdalgo before the Senate, a proposition (thc
| Wilmot proviso) was made 10 exclude the South,
and had been rejected by decided vote From
that vote the South had been led TO believe that the
old line Of compromise would be adhered to- or else
they could have prevented the wrong by rejecting
/ the treaty. II TO be seen whether the
| North would adhere to the implied re-cnactment Of
| that compromise.
| He said that with the struggle in the Senate
| his opposition 20 the bill would end. He would
/ carry Il no further. That while be might be
scio1s Of the wrongs IL carried with IL, hc would
leave il TO be acted upon by the native Of
| America He alluded TO the feelings which rushed
| 10 bis mind when lac reflected upon all that nc owed
this country. few years ago his political course