The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1850-12-02

South Carolina and the Union.
The following Is that portion the message Of Co
vernon ssabreok, Of South Carolina upon tho ques-
tions Of dispute between the Northern and Southern
States -
The last meeting of the Congress Of the United
States the most svsnfu and disturbing that has
been held since the establishment OF the federal GO
vernmsnt After many years Of unwArrantsble L.
gislation BY that body, crisis has length arisen
In our federal relations, affecting deeply and essen
TALLY the rights and interests Of half the Union
Whether the enda ngered States should longer held
equality Of With their GO partners ana their
citizens be prohibited from enjoying all the advan
tsgss and privileges censtitutionslly guaranteed to
both, were virtually. the momsntoue and to humi-
hating issues which the Legislative branch Of the
trail authority WAS engaged in considering fer about
nine Of the ten months In which 1t was in session
The Compromise" ultimately adopted, I consider
another triumph over the South by the fell spirit Of
The aggressive course OF our federal rulers and
the States and people Of the North had an earlier
period, assumed so alarming aspect that by invi.
tation OF mississippi TO the slave holding States
nine Of their number mbisd at Nashville in May
last, for consultation concerning the means Of saw
ing the Union, by preserving ,nvioste the principles
and guarantees OF the constitution Over the delibe
rations Of that august council composed largely of
the talent and patriotism OF the land the spirit of
rights jsopsrdinsd by the unpassrnsi acts Of their
own countrymen they appealed TO their sense of
Justice and the of family assOcia ton the
plain terms Of the bond that united them the emo
bling and proud recollections Of the past and tho
glorious snticpations Of the future The result has
people WQOm
dressed in feeling and sentiment alien to us their
political allies and that the North resolved on
possessing the unlimited and control Of
To operate the fears Of the minority section and
expose the supposed hopeessness OF its condition the
President had Voluntarily prom ulgstsd in advance
his fixed determination settle By the swora dis,
puted question between the general government and
sovereign member Of the Union In following the In
glorious precedent established by one of his preds-
ceesors the principle shtsined that State re-
sistsnce to Congressional eiict would, by him be
classed among the unrefsctiss acts OF mob or the
deliberate opposition q band Of organised in
dividusls to admitted lawful authority.
Is foreign to my purpose TO speak ella borately CT
matters that have of late been painfully brought
to your notice. California created State by Con-
gress, was admitted into the confsderacy against all
precedent, and In violation Of the and constitu-
ton of the country. 1t prsmeditstsd insult and
injury to the slsvsholding states, and wanton as
s,s upon tneiI none, In che act ssoshng the
Furnishing the owner, by msnumitting his slave, is
prominent among its provisions By this bold and
principles Of our political system, power has been
assumed, which, by expansion, may yet clothe the
entire federal community IN the hsbilimsnts Of mourn
ing These, and other wiiful perversions of q high
trust have virtually abrogated the powers essary
to the safety OF the sovereignty of the States The
whole authority Of the federal government granted
and usurped which is in the will of
absolute and in terested majority Is hereafter to be
welded for the exclusive benefit OF the Northern or
stronger interest. To It's ambition ana cupidity,
fifteen member Of the constitutional compact, BY
whose wealth the government is supported and our
ously to minister. In . word, the Congress of the
United States Ii longer to be the executor of the
will OF co sovereign States but of party banded to-
gether by the fold incentive Of sectional aggrap-
dizement and public plumber.
II the fundamental objects Of federative system
have been desgnedy perverted, there 10 remedy in
the ordinary checks power The ballot box is IN
eectu AL and the press powerless in it's appeals
oppressor deaf to enreAty, to argument and the sd
monitions OF humanity and patriotism. In federal
council IL IL certain that the voice Of the min orty
will never again be needed.
By slow, cautious, but regular process, the rights
Of the people and the sovereignty Of the Southern
States will be curtaed until their total extinguish-
nent Ia effected. By multiplying the number OF tree
States resisting all attempts to enlarge the Of the
slavsholding community and discriminating between
the rights of Northern AMI Southern persons and
property, another decade will have passed before
the general government will enforce edics greater In
their results human liberty and the progress of
political enlightenment than ever emanatsd from the
worst forms Of despotsm Before that period arrives
the existence of South Caroline, partner In q
great commonwealth. will have ceased. Merged In
mortal Of her history will lie scattered ever her bills
and valleys. On the printed page the tale Of her
origin and progress may be found but the real
and manner Of her political extinction will never there
be read.
The North and South differ Fundamentally in in.ti-
tutions and from the frame york Of their social
ization. they need different laws While a strong
government with ell the appliances OF extensive
patronage, Is necessary to the former. a mild and
equal system Of legal restraints Is required by the
latter The restriction on foreign commerce fs the
pslisy of the one free trade that Of the other The
North is from necessity q commercial and ufxc-
turing people. the South an agricultural community.
while the former seeks enlsrgeme OF the powers
OF the federal government, In order TO enable Il to
profit by the wealth OF the producing States the lat
ter, impsed by the princip. OF self preservation,
strives to eonhne the common agent within we'll de-
fined and narrow bounds. In the sectios capital
nd labor theoretically equal but from influences
perhaps incapable Of cont olmeDt, they practi
esly in the other capital superior to
labor, and the relation bewsen them is a moral one
The character and interests Of each insure the har
monious action of both In all their operations These
a1ar rtals In.
mainly n not exclusively, rtferabe to the positions
respectively assigned the parties by Such Is
one of them-tbe larger secton-that IL seems 70 be
an imperative duty ON s part to promote under the
petence OF the general welfare Of
purely sectional In their application.
This obstnatey perverse proclivity H. In reality in
strict obedience to poltcal Law the offspring Of the
moral obliquity Of the humsn heart The lesser,
merically, and richer interest has always been the
subject Of puDd.r by the greater and poorer interest
IL IL historically true moreover that In every
federscy where the principle OF the concurrent ms
jory s net practically recognized the eentrpetal Is
stronger than the centrifugal tendency OF the parties
further that in the legislative branch Of the govern
ment, all usurpstions generally commence. and
ultimately scsui.sced In by the other departments.
relation n federal institutions the constitution
In it's most important provisions has in effect been
essentially changed that the Union created by it
no longer exists lite guarantees from the rsvolu lion
which has been practically accomplished have
been oyerthrosn, aud consoidated governs snt,
having It's di,cretion will as the measure ct It's
powers IL now the government Of the Union. Every
comIromse too into which the south has entered, In
cludng the com promises incorporated la the great
charter OF the public liberties, has been nearly disrs
Rsrdsd.
by legislative devices people now, heretofore,
OF only In effect despoed OF the proats Of their
industry, but their contributions 70 the pubcspurss
continue to be expended 10 unjust proportions, TO
further the interests o. the reviers and sappers OF
their domestic affairs while by Congressional enact
ments the North In the various branches OF industry
have been forced into condition OF unexampled
wealth and power the enhancement Of the South, 30
prodigay furn shed by nature With all the elements
Of prosperity and greatness has occupied q position
fer below that IL would have resched had the con-
Federation been imposed Of people In interest and
feeling. The North aud south In the palmy days of
the republic both revereDced aud loved the Union for
the immeasurabie blessings II insured Unhsppuy, u
IL maintained By the former TO efeetusts ts long
cherished desigu-the disffsnchsement and degrade.
tion % the latter.
II asked for the evidence Of these grave sensations
against the governments and people, whose port
ana friendship We once 80 dearly valued point With
grief Of heart TO the often psrptated attempted
sncroach ments BY Congress the reserved rights Of
the States the ineendiary resolutions OF State Lsgis
laturts the sweeping denuncistions anstinE from
diderept asscciattons furmsd the specal end Of