New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1850-03-13

4 That Freedom 10 preferable 70 slavery, ana 70 -
democratic governments, when tney can % ia~H
tanned by acquiescsnce without iorce' are pc .
| be 70 institutions exercising arbitrary AID i''s
I syousio.e power. .,;so.
II rcras.Ds only - say on tbs par Of me 81
! thai : la.e-y being iucongruOGs AL FeIIe"ADr =
I dangerous 20 the safety q tue Sta,e' 'u- =.
/ seryaiye princ pie of the state . t'e
/ tie voluntary scquescence o. N.o -. 50
I soo1iesesoce il %, aimed BY universal s"-'a- =
xb~a d-,oaad.. Of cyurse, equality o. Aho".1--t Z
a. PROPERTY ~ far IS that y Piae,io'-s L
/ 81 -hout isitstce or oppression AAs srsIHe"' -
/ sus:s ned D. our own e1p1litHc1'
I danger rneuacin, the mon, mere A5' =. rs
any that would have nlenaccd IT, ia- = A'e'. ''-4
m, sbeiter benya rs protector II SAW 60
foed a. /. now is threatens 'he INVASION o. "a
Cg,,,-,Y.io1. how cen We enlarge is boundaries
"a i,oreass its influence without increasing the
DAGGER already existing
Whether then. | regard merely To welfare o,
ne future inhabitants q Le ne" territories, ~
the security and welfare o. tie whole people ~
tbe United States or tie welfare o: the whole fan
~ Of mankind cannot consent 70 Introduce S.av
cry INTO any part OIL this continent which Is &
elapt from what seems - me 70 be 50 great al
cgii.
These are my reasons Tor deciining n conpro-
mise The questions Eating 70 Slavery as a con-
d.iiOu Of the admission Of CsIilrnis
In ac,lny upon an occasion 50 grave IS TINS r.
founded on extraueous considerations, Of Senators
wlo counsel q courss different trym ihat wnicn
have preferred
The first Of these arguments is that Congress
has no power 20 ieaslste Oh the SUBJECT o. 9aVrfs
within the Territories Sir, Congress mas lo"e'
% admit new States and since Non2iess ma! az
INIT L follows that Congress may reject new states
Tn. DISCRETION Of Congress N admitting s ALSO
NO. except that when admitted tie state must be
a Republican State, and must he a Stdte-that is,
IL snail have the constitutional powers OF state
But the greater includes the less we may impose
/ conditions not inconsistent with those fundamental
powert Boundaries are such the reservation oi
The public domain IS such the nigh; to DIVIDE is
such tee ordinance excluding Slavery Is such a
condition The organization OF Territory - aux
iiqrv OF preliminary III the inchoate, initiative
act Of admission, and is performed under the clause
Granting the power necessary 70 execute the eN
press powers Of the Constitution. This power
comes from the treaty making power also, and !
think it is well traced 20 the power to make need
fn rules nd regulations concerning the publ' do
main. Bat the power is here - be exercised
however derived and the right 10 regulate prop
.rty 20 administer Justice IN regard 70 property Is
assumed IN every Territorial charter. II ve have
power % iegisate concerning property, we have
concerning personal rights Freedom Is persona.
tight The Constitution does not sanction prop
rfry in man, and Congress bang the supreme legs
ature has the same right ia regard T. property
and rights ia Territories that the states woalo
lave II organised.
Ii is insisted further that tie inhibition Is IN
necessary
And here have to regret The loss Of able and
di,tingushed Senators VINO 30 with us Tor the Al
mission OF California. Especially do regret the
separation from OF the able and distinguished
senator from NJ ssouri MIR Benton When that
Senator announced that he should not sustain The
provso OF Freedom, ! was induced TO eXclaim
Cur 10 heatram, Cato severe verisli
An ideO tsniDm venefaS az eXrcs
But that distinguished Senator is GROWING life
OF eminent public service by bringing the first state
a. the Pacific into the Union aud grateful 70 him
Jr that freely leave TO him 10 determine ioT hun.
self what wei ,ht he viii give 20 the cause oil hu
man freedom IN ms action on grave an occasion
The argument is that the Proviso il uuueC osSary.
answer. then there can be no error IN insisting
upon it, But why is it unnecessary IL Is said,
first by reason oi the climate. II this bo So why
90 not the Representatives, Of TIE slave states yield
ihe Provso They deny that climate prevents
the introduction OF Slavery. Now, 1 viii leave
o,hine to contingency Bot in truth. think the
argument is against the proposition. is there any
climate where Slavery has not existed 1t has
prevailed all over Europe, from sunny Italy "a
teak England aud Is existing now, stronger than
a any other land, IN ice.bound Russia
But 1t Will he replied thst THIS Is not African
tiuACIN. 1 relDln, lNoL Only makes tht Ntcc tiO
stronger Ii this vigorous Saxon race of ours YVES
reduced to Slavery while it retained the courage
OF semi barbarism, in its high Northern lsti-
tude, what security does climate afford against tie
rsnsplanson O! the more gentle. more docile, and
sir 3ady ensiaved and debascd African 20 the gen
/ u cline oi New Mcxico and California Sir there
| is no climate uncOngeuial 10 slavery. It's true Il
| is less productive than free labor IN many North
ruoounlres but so a. is less productive than iroe
| white labor ia even tropical mates. Labor IS II
quick demand IN all new countries. Save labor 4
cheaper than free labor and viii 60 first into new
u ,1Ons and wherever II goes II bungs labor mi(
| disliorur, and therefore free white labor aNOdi
competition with IT, Sir, mieht rely on climate. j
/ I had not been born in & land where Slavery ex
stcd. and that land was all north @! the 40th par
abel o latitude, and If did not know the strugsl,
that Il has cost aud which Is yet going on, 10 ee
complete rclci from the institution and IFS baleiu
| Consequences.
| But sir, it is said that Slavery Is prevented b,
| ae laws Cd God from entering into the Ierrto.
rom which we propose to intbt It. val iooi
| MO tina, matter a lI,tle more closely. wish then
| with the utmost respect 10 ask Senators wheihe
| he Ordinance of l7s7 WAS necessary or not Ths
| ordinance has been the subject oi TOO many Gu o.
| riums 20 be now pronounced vague aud id,
| thing That ordinance carried the prohibition o.
Slavery quite up 10 the 49th deg OF North lat an,
| yet W { are told that We can trust the Avs o
| iiod without any ordinance TO exclude SLAYER,
ss far down as SO. 30. Unfortunately too %,
,rdinsncc OF l,s7 began on the 3lth parallel Of
North latitude that there IS no part the Tenn
! tory which II covered IN which Slavery, nccordln.
| u the present theory was net excluded by ih'
law OF God | know no better au1iOrlty as 10 The
| laws of God on this subject than one from whom
have already had occasion 10 quote with som'
| freedom And It Is the opinion o. Monies 4ule'
that it is only the Incidence Of mankind and not Tbs
climate which causes the introduction q SLAYER,
anywhere. There IL no climate where Slavery 4
necessary; there IA none where i cannot be esta b
liShed, 1t the customs and laws permit
shall dwell only very briefly or the argument
derived from the Mexican laws. The pnopositioi
that those laws must remain IN iorcc until alterc
l,y laws ca our own Is satisfactory; and So IS th
| pr0positiou that those Mexican laws abolished a.,
ooui.nae to prohibit Slavery ami stiii deem al
enactment by ourselves wise and even Necessary
Both Of the propositions have stated are &c
iod with jGst as much confidence by Southern
Statesmen aud wrists as they affirmed by thos,
IT the Free States. The population Of the lev
| territories is rapidly becoming an American one 4
| whom toe Mexican code WI seem 'orcicn On,
| entitled % little deierence or obedience. Slavery
! has never obtained anywhere by EXPRESS lesisia
| i've authority, bot always by trRmPhEg down law
| higher than any mere municipal laws-thc law O
| uature aud OF nations. There can be 40 oppresso.
IN suporaddinc the sanction OF Congress % The AZ
thorily " tich is 80 weak sud So yehem"ntly qu-s
l All u ~ )