The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-06-24

changing climates, regularity Of rains, &c, the
reader ID referred to the writings OF Humboldt,
Kaemtz, Forbes, Boussinga ult, and other meteor
ologists. Humboldt renar ks: SIN telling trees
which cover the crowns aud slopes Of mountains,
men in all climates seem 10 be bringing on future
generations two calamitics at once1a want OF iuel
and a scarcity of water Humboldt vol " page
l73.) The waste Of valuable timber IN the United
States, TO say nothing Of irewood, will hardly be-
gin To be appreciated until our population reaches
fifty millions. Then the folly and shorisightedness
of this age will meet with degree of and
reproach, not pleasant to Contemplate.
Different plants require unlike degrees Of heat
and light TO bring them TO maturity. The potato
will produce an edible tuber at a mean temperature
so low that neither its own seeds nor those OF any
cereal can be formed. Boussngault found them cu-
tivated in South America at elevation having
mean heat 50 low as 1872, requiring eleven months
in which 10 grow, or 335 days between the planting
and digging. In many parts OF this country per-
sons begin TO dig potatoes in seventy days from the
paintings and potatoes planted the LIST OF May will
be ripe by the LIST of August. In some OF the south
ern States they grow best in the winter season.
Winter barley and rye will mature their seeds at a
lower temperature than wheat. Humboldt found
at Jakoustk, in high Central Asia, where the earth
constantly frozen at the depth Of three feet be-
low the surface, both rye and wheat yielding re-
turn sometimes of 10 to Of seed. At that place the
mercury is frozen two months in the year-the cold
being over 100 below freezing Short AS the sum
mers are, they have mean temperature OF 640.
On the northern slope of Monte Rosa, in Switzer-
land barley ceases to grow at an elevation OF 4 200
feet above the sea- on the southern side IT continues
10 be cultivated at the height of about 6,56O feet
Boussingaut saws that the difference is ascrbcd TO
local causes.
In studying the mean temperature and annual
fall OF rain, including snow and dew, III the United
States and the distribution Of both heat and water
throupb the wear one can hardly escape the con-
yiction that no other equal area on the globe has
equal AGRICULTURAL capabilities. Without inc ludng
Delaware there are within fraction of 600, 900 900
acres in the southern States On two thirds of this
yast surface wheat ia harvested early enough in
Nav and lime 10 hermit "A cron of corn 10 mature
on the same land before autumn frosts I}y draw
ing a line from the Atlantic due west to the Rio
(rande so as To have 300 600 600 acres south of it.
on every arabic acre two crops of our most valua
lie breadstufls can be harvested in wear Allow
one third of this area for forests the beds Of rivers
and irreclaimabe surface and there are left 300
600 900 acres for cultivation On the superstition
that the south had pupulation adequate to demand
such crops 100 900, 900 acres might be drilled with
seed wheat in November after corn harvest, put
ting half the needful fertilizers in with the seed
and sowing the balance broadcast in February or
March, after the English and Belgian practice.
With skilful culture and feeding an average re-
turn of 20 bushels per acre may reasonably be ex-
pected producing an aggregate crop of :, 200 000
600 of bushels. This crop would be harvested be-
tween the l5th May and 18th June, after which u
lation, as in Belgium France, and many parts of
China there can never be real lac k of fertilizers,
30 that GO bushels of corn can be produced on every
acre of arabic surface in our thirty States. By this
estimate il is seen that the same land which had
produced 1000 900 900 bushels Of wheat, might, 50
lar as the climate il concerned easily yield 5000
h,, sbcls of corn sea son To with wheat