The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-10-11

mnis1stion referred in detail TO the imposing crcum-
stances under which il done 10 the speech made IN
the House OF Representatives, on the 10Th OF May 1870
II is the doctrine always maintained by MIR Calhoun, ana
which was advocated in the address OF the southern mem
bers OF Congress- His celebrated resolution OF ls47 de-
caTes: t.
That Ills Fundamental principle 10 political creed
donal right form and adopt the which they
may think bs.' p secure their liberty propssg
condition Il imposed ny the federal constitution on state
slituon shall be republican, that position Of any
other by Congress would only be In violation OF the con
stuton bur ia dee, conflict with the principle on when
our political system rests" M
In his speech supporting this resolution, Mr. Calhoun
said t .a
"slr hold be fundamental principe Of our Po-
severance Mt they may think proper for themselves that
every State about become member OF this Union has
Order q be admltsed there is but one qualification and
that is that the government shall be republican,
II will be recoected that prior to the meeting OF Tue
southern members Of Congress in is49, was requested
and resolutions which were the basis
OF it's action Twas upon the committee of thirteen which
wb ns fas tao% personally that
provision of that address deliberately consid
cred than the following:
''What propose in this connexion is. to make few
remarks what the North alleges erroneonsy 70 DO the
issue between us and them
80 far from maintaining me doctrine which ns sh,
extend restrict slavery no more than % establish o.
abolish i nor has + any Gn a Y .eson and
another In order favor the and discourage the ohr
s bound 10 deal OUT. Within the sphere Of its powers equal
and justice and favor to ALL To aci u
Of one anotherwoud he in total subveson OF
the end for which was establshed-to be the common
We ask not-as the North alleges we do1o the
Of slavery That would make disc 10 our favor
ask against their favor Ii for them for the
federal government 10 determine whether domestic in
/ x~d
preserved belongs to and only decide such
questions What. them we do insist i, not 70 extend
ing Viii, no our properly into the fsrri,ors. United
because s!avehodss: IL other words.
privilege possessed BY all others citizens and foreigners.
without Discrimination 70 character profession color
ALL whether savage, barbarian civilized, may freely
ter and remain, we only being excluded"
That paragraph was inserted in the address my sug-
gestion. said to Mr.. Calhoun that nothing was weak
enng much at the North the constant assertion,
which believed by many that invoked the power
of this government TO extend slavery and that we ought
to dsavow 1t in the most emphatic terms. He entirely
agreed with me- and he drew the paragraph just quoted
When reported address to the southern members,
that portion Of was assaed as they will recollect,
and defended it for the reasons had suggested in favor
of it's insertion The southern members, by an over
wheming majority, sustained it. The southern address
extensively circulated in my district and warmly ap-
proved by vast majority OF you The territorial bills
are in exact accordance with the principles laid down in
il and it, therefore, had had any doubt my vote
upon them, it would have been disspaed by what
gard virtual instruction from you But had no doubt
have not changed any OF the views which have tor
mery expressed this subject and which you have ap-
proved.
the measures under consideration right in itself.
But let look to the alternatives which were before u.s.
II was well known to me that an influential party In
Congress- At the bead Of whom u the House. were Mr.
boundary bill with the territorial government Tor New
Mexico such have described, with the purpose oil
carrying through the Texan proposal as separate meas
Mexico State, with her constitution prohibiting Afri
can slavery Their votes the occasion sufficiently
tablish this The scheme OF bringing IN New Mexico q
State was cherished one OF General Taylor and his
party In speech made on the nth OF July, copy OF
which will accompany this expressed my views fully
concerning III and will not repeat them here. Al
ment Of territorial governments TO the admission OF New
Mexico as State yet did not doubt that. if the Texan
and New Mexican bills failed all OF Its power would
measure and then have admitted New Mexico State
There were elements enough which could have been
combined to effect this purpose and have no doub
whatever that il would have been effected in the contn
gency have mentioned.
The only other alternative was the adjournment oil
Congress without doing anyhing and this considered
equivalent TO civil war, few words will show.
Therewas controversy between the administration
and Texas to the boundary of New Mexico. Texas
was raising troops 70 enforce her jurisdiction in Santa
resist them with the army OF the United States Thus
civil war inevitable, il the dispute not com
pOee0-a war winch Woulu not nave Deen COnnneC
TO Texas but would have extended to all of the southern
States. The detachment OF our army in New Mexico
was small, and the probabilities IL would have beer
overcome by Texas in the rst instance An effort would
be made reinforce it, This the southern States would
have interposed to prevent and thus the conflict would
have become general and the days OF our Union been
numbered All wars cruel and desolating enough
but civiwar has, through all time, been proverbially
OF all the scourges with which sinful man eveI
punished that OF civil has been the most cruel II
l had voted against the measures am discussing, and
they had failed by my vote and civil war, with all of ts
horrors, had ensued, how could have returned 10 my
The vote gave considered between territorial
bill for New Mexco--such as have described it--or
the admission OF New Mexico a State, civil war
know Others, wiser than myself, thought differently.
But had to act upon my own convictions, not upon
theirs, rs much as respected them do not mean TO
condemn their vote, which am quite pairi.
otto my own. only mean to state the views which
directed my own course.
The vote the passage of the bill was, hundred
and eight for IT, and nnety.seve against IT. OF the
southern representatives, fftytwo for the BILL and
bill. and five against Every free soer in Congress de-
| nouneed and voted against IL
The bill passed, with MIR Pearce's line, leaves TO
Texas Thirty thousand three hundred and thirty FIVE
square miles OF territory more than Mr. Clays line and
ii leaves Texas ihTtysx thousand four hundred and
foyhve square miles than the State constitution of
New Mexico, formed under the instgaton of the late
administration. IT, indeed, IL was not written in Washing
ton, Mr. Webster predicted il would be, in his speech
delivered in is4s E
have quoted the whole extract in the speech already
referred to, and which send herewith But beg leave
TO quote part OF II here. He said
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