The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1850-12-17

ton Correspondent of the Baltimore Sun says -
l am glad 70 learn, from various and authentic
sources, that the State of South Carolina will take
an opportunity TO retire gracefully and with dignity
from her isolated and uncomfortable position She
will. as is state by those who know her position,
and the influences which are likely to control her,
re man quiet, provided no further aggression upon
the rights and interests OF the slave holdng States
shh al &c c0mBii1ted. In fine, as leading newspa-
per in South Carolina stetas, the agitation will in
great measure, an bside in the South, II II shall
also subside in the Northern State Legislatures, in
Congress, and among the Northarn people.
The State of Vermont will be the only retreat
for fanaticism and demagoguesm in the Union af-
ter another year; and when abononism snail
every where else become fugacious, 1t may ind
there safe. and, to the whole country, harmless
refuge. At present the honors OF fanaticism are,
as il were easy-being divided between Vermont
and South Carolina. | cannot imagine how the
Legislature of South Carolina Is to get over their
own inconsiderate act, in making demand on the
President for statement of his for sending
additional troops to Charleston, and asking whether
thev were there to remain.
The demand presu ppssss and implies that South
Carolina stands in doubtful, II not hostile at1i-
tude towards the federal government. The Presl-
dent refuses to answer the demand. what next
Southern friend of mine replies that the Legsla-
ture must stand in a very awkward position, or
must issue an order to the troops to Withdraw, ana
propose 10 enforce the order The demand ofSouth
Carolina, il must be admitted, assumes, at least,
that she is State Independent OF and separate from
the Union. One power can ask OF another power
why she is arming? This government asked OF
Great Britain that question, during the Oregon ne
gOtiations'; andsthe reply was, that the ornaments
would be found convenient and useful, IN case OF
collision. But do not place implicit belief IN the
assumption that the five additions companies were
sent TO Castle Pinckney and Fort Moultrie for the
express purpose of guarding against any sudden
order from an exactiye government to take aud
hold possession of them. lfthat was the object OF
this government, il implies more distrust OF the
prudence and nationality OF the government OF
South Carolina than is at all justihable by any
thing that the State has yet actually done.
THE PRESBYTERIAN SYNOD OF MIssIssrp1-On
the 9th ult, the Mississippi Synod of the Presby-
terrain Church, met al Vicksburgh, and on Monday,
the End inst, adjourned to meet in this city New
Orleans), on the second Wednesday in Jan., 1852.
The Synod consists of four Presbyteres, embrac-
ing all the region OF Texas, Louisiana, and most OF
Mississippi. There are, in these bounds, eighty
ministers. The proceedings were conducted with
great harmony and decorum.
From all we can learn from several gentlemen
who were present, we should infer that this body
was legslated with the view TO do the good of all
men, without seeking merely TO propagate the pc
cuarities of a sect. Instances OF this might be
specified, but our space torbids. The only squint-
ing towards poliucs-that stumbling block of so
many church Legislators was manifested, as We
are informed, on the discussion Of report in which
the opinion set FORTH that the right observance
and Improvement of the Sabbath were calculated
to promote the best interests of this glorious Union.
On this the whole amount of political fuel was
consumed, and the entire debate, as furnished to
Rev Nr.-Mr. Moderator, wonld suggest to the
brother slight change IN one word which ofends
many persons in this part Of the country. The word
Z" nation would perhaps, be better than {" Union"
Rev. MIR. AIR. Moderator, / am utterly opposed
in thissynod, the word Union think 1t is high
time for ministersto begin to preach politics: :.
Mr.. -, an elder and lawyer.-Mr. Moderator, 1
think that those men who would object to the
Union would dislike the word nation still more.
This ended the political debate, and all seemed
to acquiesce in the gratifying thought that we have
yet, not only "a home and a country" but ma
ton and a GLORIOUS Union" likewise.-New Or
leans Picayune.
CURRENTS OF THE OcEAN.-Captain Foster, of the
steamer Alabama, informs Lieutenant Maury that
short time since bottle was picked up on the
east side Of Old Providence Island, IN the West
Indies, twenty two months after IL had been thrown
| overheard oil the Cape of Good Hope. But for
being cast ashore here, this solitary cruiser would
| probably have entered the Gulf Stream, and then
il might have been cast up on the shores of Europe.
The investigations of the currents of the sea,
| which are conducted with so much labor and pa
! tienee at the National Observatory, have led TO
some curious and interesting discoveries. Among
these we are informed that there is reason TO be-
| leye in the existence of current from the Red
! Sea around Cape Horn, thence through the West
i,.;:, 80, " 80 81 ssreal,s, ~ 81 81
1
from the Red Sea divides itself the other sice o
the Cape of Good Hope one part OF which passes
around this cape TO the West Indies, in the case
Of the Old Providence bottle. while the other por-
/ ton passes south Of New Holland, thence in q
southeast direction 10 the regions Of the ice or land
! Of the Antarctic. Being hele detected II returns
10 the north, the ice bearing current which en-
| tiers the Atlantic ON this side Of Cage Horn.
| Bottles that have been thrown overheard into
/ this current have been picked up on the Irish
| shores.
Thus, two bottles being cast into the Red Sea. il
! may be conceived how il is possible for them q
separate with the current 20 the eastward Of Good
| Hope, and. escaping all the accidents Of being
thrown out by the way. they might again come 10
etther in the Wet ladies', after having doubled
one the CAPE of Good Hope, the other Cape Horn
CnEAp PosTAuE,-The Baltimore American OBJ
serves that the public journals, in all parts OF the
country, cordially respond TO the suggestions oil
the Postmaster General in relation to CHEAP
postage. The representatives. Of the people will
we trust, act upon his subject promptly IL is one
upon which there is little or no division Of senti-
meat Public opinion has been expressed in favor
of the reform in a thousand ways and in the most
emphatic language.
The Wilmington Republican says.--The crcun-
lion of information, in country like ours, is Of the
utmost importance; and as newspapers are the me-
I dunn through which ideas and opinions are dis
SeInlated, we regard any unnecessary tax on their
circulation 2 greater evil than that which letter
have a free people; and. therefore, any and every
obstacle which may prevent any family from re-
c,ying paper, Should, If possible, be removed.