The Yazoo Democrat. (Yazoo City, Miss.) 1844-18??, 1850-09-05
lAZOO DEMO Graf.
REMARKS
'Of Mr.. Stephens Of Georgia on The Pre'f'
dents Ael0 Mexico and 4 SrdS Message.

eAleUl OF tue power WOlcn the constitution
and laws confer on the President to call out
che military forces to execute the laws. He
set out with this proposition, land he asked
the attention ofthe Committee and those who
disagreed with him that under the Consli-
tu;ion aud laws the President cannot, and
h no righliul authority to employ the mill
tary power Of the country to aid in the exc
CutiOn Of the laws, except where the eXecu~
ton is obstructed in me judicial proceedings
IN this country, the civil are superior and
subordinate 10 the military power. The
President quotes the law OF 1895. which de-
Clares that, "whenever the laws Of the Uni
ted States shall he opposed, or their execu-
ton INSTRUCTED, in any state, by combinations
too powerful to be suppressed by the ordinary
course Of judicial proceedings, or the power
vested in the marshuls, the President may
call forth the mil so far as may be nee
essary to suppress such combinations, and to
cause to he duly executed" And the act Of
1907 authorizes,in similar cases, the employ
ment Of "such part Of the land or naval force
of the United States as shall be judged nee
essay" Now, he would ask, has there
been civil process? Has the marshall ever
arrested any one! Has a writ ever been is
suedl The Pr sideut is TO See that treaties
are to be executed according 20 law. Is
there any low relative to the treaty with
Mexico? This is the question. Until Con-
rrrss and this Government speak, until we
say how he rights under the treaty shall BE-
determined. aud what are those rights, there
IS 400 law. The act f t705 says, when le>
ga proceedings shall be ob,Tuctcd. When
lhc territory was acquired it was the duty OF
Congress to pass he necessary laws foo thr
rrguauon o. he Territory. But where is
,be power which gives the President the
ughJyo Judge the rights ulthose proceedings!
he cas- only act when the judicial proceed
inc- are arrested There must first he law
deGong tie rights under the treaty: and then
IL mus be- Constructed" to warrant tha call
ling out Of the military. II was a usurpalion
ol power, until Congress hes declared The
rights. This is the foundation of civil liberty
Established in the Constitution. The old
Iarons at RunnI mede cYt0rled from King
John this announcement; that no freeman
shall be seized or imprisoned, dispossessed,
or oulIawed, or in any way destroyed, but by
she Judgement Of his own peers and the laws
Of the land. lie would ask, do we establish
AAt pliilGlFp AtldA AAAS lEolhFhN Nudil OhCl~
ride all this. define a mans liberty, and
make use ofrhe military force OF the counlr,
for purposes Of punishment without trial!
This is prohibited by the Constitution.
No Judicial tribunal has been established
Ia NV Mexico. And is it legally rghr
thll man should be shot dead for that for
which you could not try hint For doing
hat which is not defined by law as a crimel
il force from Texas 90 into New Mexico il
is no crime, if there be no law. There is no
court there to try man, and could he be
Tighuully shot down fol- which he could not
be arranged before a tribunal OF his county?
How can the President say that no part of
Texas is within the limits Of New Mexico.
If he does not assume to decide the line.
Mr.. MOORE inquired whether there was
not a law which left to the United States the
settlement of the boundary questiOnsl
Mr.. STEPHENS replied that the annexation
resolutions did not commit this Governments
at any :ime to the boundary. Her cOnsttu-
zion defined her boundaries to be from the
mouth of the Rio Grande. She applied for
admission with that boundary. Congress
declared that she should be admitted with
whatever right she claimed; but reserved the
right to settle the boundary between the
United States aud Mexico. Suppose there
had ne er been dispute with Mckee,
would not Texas have had the full extent Of
her claim? Then, Mexico does not dispute
il now. II the only claim has been exiin-
gnishod how can any one dispute the claim
of TeYasi
MIR. STEVENS, of Pennsylvania, was nm
derstood to say that Congress has the pow
er TO settle the boundary.
Mr.. STEPHENS of Georgia. Texas came
into this Union by as solemn a treaty as
that Made with Mexico, and gave the Unit
ed States no power to do anything but to
satisfy Mexico. This Government was an
umpire, and only settled the question with
Mexico. Whenever all army is called out,
without authority of law, to shoot down
citizens, he should hold every man traito:
TO his country who does not resist. The
fires at Concord and Lexington were kind
led when King George attempted to coerce
she people without authority of law. He
approved Of a conciliatory course. He was
anxious for a settlement of the questions
He was for a settlement on the principles
OF Justice and equity; and if you want a
nermanent union Of these States, as north
ern men cav they do, he would cherish a
love for it, if they would let him, 1t wa,
with him a cherished sentiment The
Union was common property. The gen
tleman from Pennsylvania said that there
could be no peace until consent was obtain
ed to enable the South to legislate for he
own benefit. The South has never asked
that the Government be confouRed TO he
wishes. The North think slavery wrong
We have public domain acquired by th'
North and the South. This is not denied
but why do the North interfere and seek t