The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-02-24


m il 10 be hoped now that these philanhropsts know
how miserable and degraded New York Island all large
ion 10 he work 81 making il better before they make
Charleston, Savannah Mobile, and New Orleans worse
"Jus sensible in ITSELF but 1t will not be recognised
wi roll their and sniie their breasts but
thousands Of Wech.d oucass in New York wilderye
benefit from their theatrical comseration, will
the South have any from their dennncations and az
essons ia consequence Of this OF The character
aborous, painful, and costly. They could not hope 20 at
tain speedily Defamation Of others can be practised ex
lempore In perfection nothing not only involves no
painful alsacrfce but editors like those OF the New
York Tribune and Commercial Advertiser is species OF
Now, sir do hope that before the senator from New
York and other honorable senators get up here 10 read
US lesson upon The dictates q humanity, ana me
and that addressing upon the evils and while de-
picting the supposed wrongs OF the slave ~ the South
they will portray also ne real q oe sa
very evil they will substanale their assertion by
proofs before the country and before the
world Sir, call upon the opponents Of lhs system 70
classes in the NORTH say nothing OF the blacks
there-are as happy or as contenled' Or as Comfort
in Inc South do suffer netenth part Of the evils that
The white laborers do in the North. Poverty is UNI
known the southern slave Tor az soon as the master
Of slaves becomes poor to provide for them, ne sells
them 10 others who take Of them This, sir is
one Of the excelences of the system OF slavery that the
slave experiences the pinching wants OF poverty
thousands Of the poor and destitute almost without the
commonest necessaries Of life; but sir, defy any man
70 travel through the broad area Of the fifteen southern
one and there will be one, as long as the Instu
ton OF slavery exists. And yet, sir. notwithstanding
the superior condition OF the southern slave over mat q
the northern aboer gentlemen Of the North persist IN
their denunciations, and would even have the Union
broken up in order that the system Of slavery may be
Mr. President there is one fact connected with this
question OF slavery which is strongly presented to my
mind by the history Of the Missouri compromise given
prominent principles which in the South have ever
coniended for considering as only hope, equality
Of representation in the Senate AT the time when the
would ever be conflict difference OF opinion between
the different sections OF the Union But sir was an,
ticipated that there might be difference Of opinion and
interest between individual States; and therefore the
States made equal in this branch OF the government
When there is DANGER sir OF one portion Of country
or especially OF confederacy like our own
encroachng upon the rights OF another portion whose
internal affairs may be somewhat differently managed,
some provision should be made for the prevention Of
any such encroachment This provision has been made
ty in the other House Ii defends from all aggression,
and repels all eneroachment but ST. could have been
on that the encroachments upon the institution OF sa-
very would have been carried TO the extent they
have believe, sir, among the several compromises
adopted would have been that, the event Of any
changes occurring in the savehoding States, SO as
to lessen their number in comparison with the free
States the equality of the southern States should still
be guaranteed And, sir, this is the only way in
which hitherto have b.en able TO defend ourselves.
We have had power had we SO desired TO invade the
ghts OF others have simply been enabled TO act in
sefdefence. The veto power given to the Executive
not for purposes OF aggression, but for the defence
OF his department and has not the history OF our
country shown the importance and the necessity OF such
power! We have been informed by the senator from
Kentucky that in 1872 at the period when the Missouri
compromise bill was agitaed. bill passed the House OF
The
PRODUCTION Of slavery into the State OF and
adoption only prevented by the action OF the Senate
Suppose in that case this check OF the Senate had not
existed and the equality Of the South in this branch
longer existed what would have been the consequences
Would this government have gone prospecting and in
in WI Ma and and hs
mise been adopted the whole OF the vast territory IN dis
pute would have been swept of to the exclusive benefit
Of the free States This result was prevented oy me
absolutely necessary the interests OF the South that
this equality should be kept As long as the Union ex.
ist must OF the fundamental principles tina,
binds the several States together Now, sir allowing
that the South obtain what they desire with reference to
these new Territories we .ha not always be able TO
keep up this balance OF power the Senate; neverthe
less we can approach somewhat to il and then,
when that position, we make determined effort
for establishment OF our equality Should the num-
bers OF the free Staes progress until the savehodng
States placed minority allowing thathere
constitutional provision placing them upon
equality with their northern brethren, they would become
dependencies Tell me not OF spulaions OF the consuu-
ton when placed in such situation tell GU, sir that
that people and those States who expect to preserve their
rights nvolate must first have the porer TO do it Take
away the power. and the rights 90 also The history oil
the world in all ages verIhes this assertion and some
incidents in history, during the past few years.
further establish its truth
SIR lei look al the situation OF things, in the event
that the Wmo Proviso shall be applied to all these
Territories. and that they become free now consider
the South practically in minorty Tor, although
mercay fifteen States yet Delaware has already abol
shed slavery respectively and her representatives, by
their on various OCCASIONS appear disposed
operate with the North have made calculation, SIR
the ratio OF the slave States in sze compared with
the Free after all the Territories divided and
ganzed into new States. Here, sir, is the statement
made up from the valuable statistics imbodied in this
map which have so repeatedly referred TO. This map
would here remark, is not one oil mere conjecture, or
made up from irresponsible but was prepared by
the executive department OF the government al the last
session. and sent in with the last annual message OF
Mr.. Polk, as an accompany ing document so that II Is
perfectly authentic and official will read the state
ment:
Square
4 The average area OF free States is 1929
The average the same including Delaware, is 2sb2e
The average Of New England Statesis 10 100
The average OF the same, including Maine IL $3.50
The average area Of all the States Is 1851
This ratio applied to the free States would give them
90 instead Of SO senatorsa loss Of and il applied
New England, not including Maine, would give instead
OF i0-a loss OF and TO all New England, instead
| OF I2--a loss of s.
II is defence Of this inequality TO say that these
small States may make up in population what they lack
in area; for the New England States have in the
House Of Representatives 20 members, about seventh