The Charlotte journal. [volume] (Charlotte, N.C.) 1835-1851, 1850-01-04

j also ubk " ut AucuNou W Se vN"s
pressed BY him IN reference 10 the employ.
ment Of val. steamers. and in regard TO the
contracts for the transportation Of the U. >.
mails and the operation Of the syslem upon
tho prosperity of the Navy
By an act Of Congress passed August 4th,
ls4s, provision was made for extending Post
office accommodations to California and Orc.
gon. Exertions have been made to execute
tina, law but the limited provisions OF the
act, the inadequacy Of the means il aulhori.
yes, the i'll adaptation Of our post Office laws
to tho situation Of tina, country, and the mea.
sure Of compensation for services allowed by
those laws, compared with the prices Of labor
and rents 10 California, render those exeflions
IN a great degree Intellectual. More PaI,lcu.
lar aud efficient provision by law is required
on this subject.
The sci Of ls45, reducing postage, has
now, by its operation during four years, pro.
duced results fully showing that the income
from such reduced postage 10 sufficient to sus.
tain the whole expense Of the service Of the
Pos, Office Department, not including the
cost Of transportation in mail steamers on
The lines from New York TO Chagfes, and
from Panama to Astoria, which have no,
been considered BY Congress as properly be-
longing 10 the mail service.
II 10 submitted to the wisdom Of Congress
whether fu Their reduction Of postage should
not now bs made, moro particularly on the
letter correspondence. Tais should DO 70.
lieved from the unjus. burden Of Transporting
and delivering tbs ranked matter Ct Con.
gress, for which public service provision
should Be made from the Treasury. l con.
fiden,ly believe tina. q change safely may be
mnde, reducing all single.letter postage TO
the uniform rate Of FIVE cents, regardless Of
distance, without thereby imposing any grea.
ter tax on the Treasury than would consti.
tute q very moderate compensation for this
public service; and | therefore respectfully
recommend such reduction. Should Con.
g,ess prefer to abolish The Thanking privilege
entirely. il seems probable tha, no demand
on the Treasury would result from the pro.
posed reduction OF postage. Whether any
further diminu,on should now be made, or
the result Of the reduction to five cents, which
have recommended, should be hfst tested,
/ is submitted to your decision.
| Since the commence ,neni Of the last ses
sion Of Congress, postal treaty with Great
Britain has been received and ratified, and
such regulations have been formed by the
Post Office Departments Of the two countries
in pursuance Of that treaty, as TO carry III
provisions into foil operation. Tho attempt
to extend this Same arrangement, through
England, 10 France, has not been equally
successful; but the purpose has no, been a
bsndoned.
For particular statement OF the condition
Of the Pos. Office Department, and oiheI
matters connected with that branch Of the
public service, refer you to the report Of
The Postmaster General.
By the act Of Sd March, ls49. a Board
!, was constituted to make arrangements Tor 10
king the seventh census, composed Of The Sc
cretary OF State, tho Attorney General an'
the Postmaster General; and il was mad
the duty Of this Board "to prepare and caus'
to be printed such forms and st hedules q
might be necessary for the full enume ralioI
Of the inhab itan,s Of the U. States; and ais
} proper forms and schedules for collecting, il
statistical tables, under proper heads, sue
J information as to mines, agriculture, com
topics, as would exhibit full view Of tn
, pursuits, industry. education and resources G
the country" The duties enjoined upon tn
Census Board thus established having bee
, performed, it now rests with Congress to e1
I act law for carrying into effect the provi.
ion Of the Constitution which requires an &C
. fual enumeration Of the people Of the Unite
States within the ensuing year.
Among the duties assigned by the Const
tuition to the General Government is one G
local and limited application, but on that &C
coun, the less obligatory; alude TO til
trust committed to Congress, as tho excIu
sive legislator and sole guardian Of The int
rests OF the Distric, Of Columbia. beg t
commend these interests to your kind after
ton. As the National Metropolis the cit
of Washington must be an object Of geners
interest and, founded as it Was under tn
auspices Of him whose immortal name it bes Z.
=. =. lis claims TO the fostering care Of Congie,
! present themselves with additional strength
Whatever Gao contribute to IT'S prospesit
must enlis, the feelings Of its constitutions
guardians, and command their favorable cor
sideration.
Our government, is one Of limited power.
and its successful administration eminent
depends on the cobfnem Of each Of its c
J. ordinate branches within its own appropriaI
J. sphere. The first section Of the Constitution
: ofdains that all legislative powers thersi
Z granted shall be vested in a Congress.of III
United States, which shall consist Of Sensi
and House Of Representatives" Tho Ex,
cutive has authority 10 recommend (no,
. dictaie) measures TO Congress Having pc
: formed that duty, the Executive Deparlme'
the Government cannot r'shlfulIy conIr
i the decision Of Congress on any subject I
Legislation, until that decession shall ha,
l. been officially submitted to the President Il
;. approval. The check provided BY the Coz
. sti.u,on, in the clause comforting the qualil
ed veto, will never DO exercised by me, e,
= cept in the cases contemplated by the falhe