davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-12-28
From The New Orleans Crescent.


Lighthouses are 10 be placed one off Galveston bar,
one of Pass Cavao. and one at Brazos Santiago They
are be built the entrances o the above passes
that vessels in at night when necessary They
will have an elevation Of sixty feet and be by
vessels the distance oil fourteen miles at IN ordinary
weather Galveston Ntics, Dec. 10.
The Rio Granle head OF navigation will be al about
forty miles above Laredo.
The trade OF Texas is rapidly the increase Three
steamships able TO do the business between Gal
weston and New Orleans. They loaded each trip al
most 10 the waters edge, crowded TO uncomfortable
degree with passengers, and still unable to meet the
public wants Harris & Morgan, OF this city, will soon
add to their line the new steamer Louisiana They pro;
pose extending their line the Rio Grande. This would
doubtless increase the number OF passengers, and be OF
great service to New Orleans.
The supreme court is 10 hold sessions Austin, Tyler
and Galveston. We pity tue judges The term at Aus
tin begins on the second Monday Of November at Gal
weston on the first Monday OF January, and at Tyler
the fret Monday OF April
The TEN MILLIoss.-The Texas delegation sub
mitied 10 the Committee of Thirteen statement that
S2 900 the lowest sum they would accept il
would require that to pay their debt Now these
very gentlemen say that 900 will effect the object
and have surplus Of 100000 This 10 the age Of
miracles
u s. purRIcr couRT-The United States district
court for this district commenced its December session
the I'D instant Galveston Nsscs.
The Galveston Journal mentions the death Of Mrs.
Rhoads, ninety years old, and speaks of her the
daughter OF the late Hon. Joseph Greenea and niece Of
the late Robert Treat Paine Paine. the poet has been
dead about forty years There is not much OF the tate
about that.
THE COLD IN TExAs-The Galveston News says the
mercury on December was is degrees above zero
the coolest weather since 1888.
INDIAN RELATross-Two OF the commissioners to treat
with the western Indians had arrived at Galveston This
commission lie inrusted with various duties in establish
ing relations with the tribes in Texas, New
Mexico Utah, and California, who are now about TO be
brought under the control Of Indian policy The task
Of restraining inroads upon Mexico stipulated by the
treaty of peace, s both delicate and difficult. the more
especially as Spain herself has been unable TO perform
this duty for the last three hundred years The commits
soners will proceed to Austin, thence to San Antonio,
and thence FL Paso. II is not impossible that their
visit to Austin and conference with the governor Of
the State may lead TO some interesting results with the
Cumanches, and are grat6ed to learn that the
tional Executive has manifested such interest in the
welfare OF Texas
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-12-28
peaslee's majority over all. rwEsrY.sIx.
Literary Notice

Literary Notice.
Pottsanttsm and Cathoicify Compared in their Effects
The Cioihsatioa of Europe. BY the Rev. DR.. BALMEs,
This work, originally writtea in Spanish, has been
published in France, Italy, and England and is deemed
one OF the most learned productions OF the age
The doctor was ripe scholar, of varied and brilliant
atanenis and the subjects he eucdaes calculated
to command deep attention
The principal aim OF the volume is discussion OF
points contained in "GuiZors Lectures on European
Cvilization;' and embraces OF historical eyi.
dence, filling 500 pages octave.
Unequal and incompetent we are to the discussion
of abstruse topics implying high atainments in
law, in the JUS gentium a eiuile, and in the misty
monuments OF medieval lore, aim is accomplished
if we shall have succeeded in attracting public attention
to the merits OF the volume before without expressing
an opinion as any Of its religious doctrines To the
learned clergy therefore, of every denomination, to
urss and legislators, and to the professors Of the
ous faculties in universities, the work is respect
fully submitted.
Published by John Murphy & Co., Baltimore. and on
sale by Taylor g. Maury, Washington.
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-12-28

We are grsthed to learn, by telegraphic despatch
dated Concord, New Hampshire, December AZ" that
the convention which assembled at Meredith, New
Hampshire has renominated General Charles H. Peasee
the democratic candidate for Congress Il is unusual
in New Hsmsphire, and in most Of the northern States,
to renominae as candidates for Congress persons who
have served one or two terms The principle Of "rota-
ton prevails extensively. and when il s departed from
II indicates general scquescence in the fitness and
pacy Of the incumbent General Peaslee first elect
cd to the soh Congress He 10 now serving in the aist
Congress- and he has just been nominated for the 32d
Congress- fact which he may well regard COM
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-12-28

This Mr. Corwin calls the excess Of expenditure
over peace establishment anterior to the war Now the
actual expenditures for the year ending June 3d. is45
did not include items which are included in some of the
subsequent years. We have no means Of stating what
was the actual cost Of administering the government du
ring that year. and therefore take the average Of the
three years ending June 80, is4a "a and as, find
them in the treasury report Assuming at that average,
te2sAio.iso oi,) then seven years expenditure on that
bass would amount TO si77s7i ,ae4 a., and not to
s1ts6eo,s45 50, a. Mr. Corwin has Il
This error amounts to s2s.21o,sis rs
This 10 not inconsdersble but we mistake much
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-12-28

BY and With the advice and consent Of the Senate.
T. M JONES' of San jose, Cafornis be distrct Judge
Of the United States for the southern district Of California
j. L. Pcfgru, Of South Carolina, be attorney OF the
United States for the district Of South Carolina
Hugh 0Nesl, OF Indiana, be attorney Of the United
States for the district OF Indiana f1
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-12-28

plment He voted for the ugitive-saye law Of the last
session. and every effort learn. has been used to array
his constituents against him on that accoust But. 10
their credit be il said they have turned deaf those
who would contemn the principles of the constitution
Whs" Nsw Hapdrs process vsevsan shall begin to think
ofgiping up The ship.
General Peaslee's nomination was made on the first
ballot Il was t4&
For Peaslee so
Tilton 10
Chase s,,+s.
Simpson 1870 10
Hall q
Cate
Clement
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-12-28

osron The oath instant In Taylor Mauys Bookstore,
the s,dew near y sdys purse, with three hvedo1 bills
Il, the Bevidere Bank New Jersey and change
The owner may be ound by inns the once % The Union
Dec S--N usAI "A 4pes-.ts Rr
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-12-28

Excess in War Department. occasioned
by the war 49,. 232,745 N
Excess in Navy Department 19,05s ,S5S IL
Pensions 1,1eS,l4l 10
for 1851 and so 1895, 900 90
Indians in new territory 204 600 90
Mexican instalment and interest 1885 396 81
Llquidated claims against Mexico 2057 57s. 81
Renewal Of diplomatic intercourse with
Mexico 1880 81
Expenses OF board OF commissioners on
Mexican claims 44,a2s 80
Boundary survey 335,000 90
Survey If coast OF California 100000 90
Lighthouse dry-dock. and marine hos
pital in California $4,000 90
New Mexico l47.3oo 90
Expenses OF loans and treasury notes
lwarl l5o.s7o ii
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-12-28

Il we do not show others which will make II compare.
lively triaing.
Mr.. Corwin having fixed the excess of expenditure.
actual and estimated. what il would have been on
the basis of the peace establishment anterior to the war
at the erroneous OF ,e62 43, proceeds to
classify the items which compose this excess The CLASH
fcation is as follows:
Excess Of expenditure occasionedbythe
Mexican war 1924 252,719 0S
Items moi chargeable to the war 2o.se4.a4a IS
l45,l47,062 40
The items mentioned above an excess over peace
expenditure and not chageable to the war; relate many
OF Them to objects of ordinary expenditures and must
congratulate Mr. Corwin his discovery OF plan to
bring portion OF his expenditures under the general item
Of excess over peace establishment" For instance,
we find expenses Of collecting from customs,
lands Sc, building cutters" " increase Of
expenditure in legislative executive, and judiciary de-
parments, and many other objects OF ordinary e2pead
ture included in the item mentioned above not charge
able 10 the war; but forming part Of the excess Of
pendure over peace establishment" Truly this method
Of framing report is discovery in fnance but we
cannot sing its praises now business is with the
aggregate for years, which Mr. Corwin says was
occasoned by the Mexican war. The items composing
that aggregate are as follows:
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-12-28


We have already presented few remarks on the
heavy expenditures OF General Taylors administration,
and the extraordinary estimates just presented by Mr.
Corwn OF the expenses Of the current sca year and oil
the year ending June 80, 1852 We have also alluded in
general terms the line OF argument adopted by Mr.
Corwn in order reconcile the country TO his estimates
Of expenditure argument which is base on at
tempt to magnify the cost which the Mexican war has
entaied on the country.
We have heretofore shown that the ex-
pendiiures of The three years preceding
The war averaged S254lo.lso 81
The expenditures OF the four years of the
war averaged 4S,705 1888 80
The expenditures of the three years
actual and misunderstanding July
!, lS49, average 4s,326,919 10
The data from which these results are obtained may
be found in Mr. Corwns report The results themselves
show not only that the annual expenses Of the govern.
ment exceed the annual expenditure before the
by twentythree millions of dollars but that the annual
expense Of the present peace establishment is within
fraction great the average annual expenditure du
ring the war, when had to maintain armies in the
heart Of the enemy's country But this is not all Mr.
Corwin's report presents the following view OF the
tua and estimated expenditure for the fiscal year
Actual expense for the lst
quarter S6,9S3, 432 80
Estimated for I'd. 3D.. and
4th quarters 46,s70,l64 81
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-02-19

The Union and the Administration.
The sole organ appears to have consti-
tuted itself the special guardian and cham
pion of the Chairman of Ways and Means,
and as such takes us to task for alleged dis
paraging observations upon that honorable
gentleman. We do not say his chosen
champion, because we are unwilling to do
him the injustice to suppose he would have
made so lame selection.
The course we desire to pursue in regard
to the Chairman of Ways and Means is,
to say nothing of him to which, with fair
ness and propriety, he could except if he
were censor of our columns.
Our course is a very plain one. The
Treasury Department has been and will
be, under the present Administration, so
conducted as to put out of the question any
just cause of condemnation. The head of
that Department is intelligent enough to
comprehend his duties, and it is his pur-
pose faithfully and promptly to fulfil them.
This being his full and complete justifca-
ton to all good patriots, he can endure,
without the loss of his equanimity, the OBJ
loquy of those with whom such course
is not sufficient recommendation. 1t
would be waste of words to complain of
the foul columns Of the Union-we might
with as much reason complain of the pop
Ply that it does not emit the odor of the
rose, as to expect the columns of the
Union to exude aught else than the flavor
of the Upas.
The assertions of the Union are no less
remarkable as curiosities than for their
audacity.
The Union processes to foreshadow the
course of the Chairman of Ways and
Means and of his party, by charging the
Secretary of the Treasury with wasteful
expenditure, and their foregone determine
ton to lop off at least half million of the
expenditures.
The fate of the Secretary is truly
pitiable one, in thus being attacked by the
Union on this point And for what cause,
gentle reader, do you suppose the whole
artillery of the Union is turned against the
Secretary Listen.
1t is for "following in the footsteps of
his illustrious predecessor" Mr.. Secreta-
ry WALKER, of free-trade memory.
Let every voter in the land bear in
mind that this, and this alone, is the whole
head and front of his offending. For
years has the Union trumpeted the praises
of Mr.. WALKER, while he was doing the
thing for which Mr.. MEREDITH
is now condemned with the coarsest terms
from its vocabulary of epithets.
Mr.. WALKER, with the full concur
renee and heartiest support of the Union,
spent, with fewer causes of expense, the
amount required by Mr.. MEREDITH. Did
the Union, in its patriotism, take Mr..
WALKER and that administration to task,
and call upon the people for marked
condemnation Mol With the Union
Mr.. Walkers course was immaculate
but when Mr.. MEREDITH pursues the
same course which proved so acceptable
to the Union, its prudery is Mortified.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-02-19

that line was 33l ,69l square miles, and the amount
south of that line would be 204 1888 square miles;
with this the South would be satisfied, and this
small boon all they asked and when they were
refused this, gentlemen shoudnot be surprised that
the South was excited,
Mr.. ID. then examined at length the course OF
Mr.. CLAY in regard TO his action on the Missouri
compromise and upon the subject of slavery gene
rally, and said that the applause given in the gale
ries to the. Senator's emphatic declarations against
| slavery, he considered the knell of doom to the
southern rights.
In reply TO the Senator's remarks that il bet
ter TO fight for their rights in the Union than out OF
it, he said that he could not account Tor such a
thing fighting between the States OF the Union,
while that Union lasted, unless IL was that the OPP
pressed and Disconnected States should make war
for their rights and the majority should take the
means and resources of the whole Union TO quiet
and subdue them.
He thought that the South, if disunion should
come would be as well if better situated in pro-
tectng their property than now Thirty thousand
negroes were carried off every year by the people
of the northern States; and although the Constitu-
ton guaranteed their return to the South, they
were lost forever. In case Of dissolution, the
South would then not be dependent for redress
upon the mere constitutional right, which was now
no longer regarded by the free States, but would
take care to adopt such measures Of redress as
would be certain to.attain the end.
Mr. ID. then pursued the probable events to
follow dissolution. In such an unfortunate
event the South, and the whole of the Mississippi
valley, and the great State of Pennsylvania, would
form one great oonfederacy. He did not believe a
war would follow dissolution in sixty days, as had
been said. The North were not so warke in their
disposition as was the South. The South had gone
for war in defence of sailors, when she had none
herself. The North always calculated the cost and
advantage of war; and before they made war
upon their southern brethren, they would calculate
the cost of such an undertaking.
Without concluding, Mr.. ID. gave way for the
motion,
And the Senate adjourned.
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1850-05-17
BATTALION MUSTER.

the Lower Battalion Of the 5th Rcgi-
mcnt S. G. M. assembled at Kennemorc's
Old Field on Saturday last, in command
of Maj. Hollinsworth, for review. The
day was pleasant, and officers, soldiers,
ana citizens were prompt in their atten-
dance at the parade ground. The evo-
lutions for the occasion were well selected
and very correctlYperformed by the bat
talon. Although many of the officers
are young in office, the evidences of ca
pacity presented on this occasion, afford
abundant hope that the battalion will, at
no distant day be most efficiently Off
cered. Good ordcrand sobricty prevail
ed as long as we remained.
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1850-05-17
SOUTHERN CONVENTION.

DELEGATES FROM SOUTH CARoJ,NA.
From the State at largc--L. Cl cyes,
Beaufort; r, w. Barnwell Beaufolt, F.
II. Gilmore, Charleston; j II. Hammond
Barnwell
First Congressional District-(Spar-
tanburg, Union, York, and Chester y
Ex- Governor David johnson, Union:
w. G. Beatty, York, Aternntcs, DIR.
Samuel Otterson, Spartanburg; John d.
Bradley, Chester.
Second Congressional DiStrict-( An
derson, Pickena, Grecnville and Laurens)
j, N. Whitner, Anderson; II. G. Young,
Laurens.
Third Congressional District-(Far-
field, Kershaw, Lancaster, Richlanh and
Sumter} Jas. Chestnut, Jr., Kershaw;
Maxcy Gregg, Richland. Alternates, b,
Sumter; g. w. Hucy, Lancaster,
Fourth Congressional Districtz( (Ches-
terfeld, Marlborough, Horny, Darlington,
Georgetown, Marion and williamsburg J
r. F. w. Allston, Georgetown; w. j.
Hanna, Chesterfield.
Fifth Congressional District Edge
field, Abbcville, Newberry and Lcxing-
ton )--Drayton Nance, Newberry. f. w.
Pickcns, Edgefcld. Altcrnates, John a..
Calhoun, Abbcville; Jas. Jones, Edge
field.
.SirM Congressional District Char
lesion District, excluding Parish of ST.
Johns Collcton) George a. Trenholm,
Charleston; W, DuBose, Pincvillc.
Seventh Congressional Dishict.-(Or-
angcbug, Barnwell, Beaufort, Colleton,
and Parish of st. Johns Colleton) )-R.
Barnwell Rhett, Beaufort; ID. r. Jamison
Orangeburg.
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1850-05-17
SCHOOL FOR THE MUTE.

We learn from the Spartan, that the
school for the mute, established in Spar
tanburg District by Rev. N, G. Walker,
is in successful operation, and is rapidly
fulfilling the most sanguine expectations
of the public. Mr.. w. has engaged the
services of Mr.. Springs, a mute, and an
accomplished scholar, to aid him in con-
ducting the school They have at this
time under their care, and receiving in
struction, thirteen mute students eight
males and five fcmalcs-all of whom are
making very pcrceptible improvement
The school located at G cdar Spring, four
miles from Spartanburg G H. The
building is large and airy, and surroun-
ded by a beautiful growth of forest trees.
For the laudable effort to impart light
and knowledge to the benightcd loind-
to elevate the moral and intellectual con-
ditlon of such of our race as are by nature,
deprived oil the most important organs
through which information is communica
ted to the mind, ar. w. is entitled to the
lasting gratitude Of the humane and the
benevolent. Parents who are so unfor-
tunatc as to have mute children, should,
at once, embrace the opportunity of pla-
cling them in the charge of Nr, Walker,
We also take this occasion of remind
ing INDECENT parents desiring to educate
such children, that the State has set
apart fund, to be applied to the cduca-
tlov of deaf, 1umb, and blind children,
within the State, of which generous pro-
vision all such persons should undoubted-
ly avail themselves.
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1850-05-17

room opened into Mr.. Calhoun's) placed
it at the service of those ofus who were
in constant attendance upon Mr. Calhoun.
The latter often expressed to me his graf
itude for Mr., On's kindness, and his
fears that John or myself were putting
him to a great deal of Inconvenience,
MIR, Orr could not have done more than
he did. Mr. Woodward, Gen. Mcqueen,
Gen. Wallace, also of the South Carolina
delegation, were as devoted as men
could be. Mr.. Colcroft and Mr.. Burt
did not reside on Capitol Hill, but not a
day passed, believe, that their services
were not placed at his disposal Mr..
Burt, who was nearly connected with
Mr.. Calhoun by marriage, was llp with
Inn several times in the day and even
ing, and watched to see what could be
done more than was done, until he fell
sick himself, and at the time Mr. Calhoun
died, was confined to his own room. His
colleague, Judge Butler, was there daily;
Mr. Hunter also. The former chief clerk
and secretury Of Mr.. Calhoun, Richard
*. Cralle, came on from Lynchburg,
was Ill w washington week, ana look q
turn with John and myself in sitting with
Mr.. Calhoun His old friend Elwood
Fisher was there every day, and every
member of Congrcss--Mcssrs. Clemens,
Harris, Feathcrstonc, Hubbard, and Bow
den, who boarded in the house with Mr..
Calhoun; as well as Mr. Venablc, were
devoted to doing anything that they
could do, to make him comfortable du-
ring the last month of his illness. Some
of these gentlemen were as often by the
bedside of Mr.. Calhoun as Mr. Venable,
though not tall present when he was
dying.
am, very respectfully,
Your ob'dt servant
Joseph A. Scoville.
TO James Gordon Bennett, esq
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1850-05-17
Correspondence of the Charleston Courier |
WASHINGToN, May 7. 1880

z,1. -.a.,-u,zs..s.s.,
Correspondence of the Charleston Couricrl
WASHINGTON, Nay 7, 1850.
The Senate was thinly attended vos..
terday, notwithstanding the return to tho
city of anumber of Senators, who had
been absent. Mr.. Hunters bill, to es.
tablish Board of Accounts. for the pro.
lection OF the Government and of ndi.
vldual claimants, was considered and de.
batcd. The statements and arguments
urged by Mr.. Hunter and others, to
empty seats, were very able. Only one
subject can draw a full house-to wit:
slavery. We have had little else, and
after a few days, shall have no.hinp else
The compromise committee had a
meeting yesterday, and 4Nr. Mason, Mr.
Bcrrcn, and Mr.. Dickinson attended,
The two former, it is said, objected to
what had been DONE Obstacles have
been presented to the Compromise by
other Southern men. They oppose the
admission of California with her assumed
bounc Still, however, it is believed
that Mr. Clay's scheme will prevail, after
a very hard struggle.
The intc 'cepted letter of Sir Henry
Bulwcr to AR. Cnatficld is muck lothed
1t has afforded some amusement, espe-
clally to those opposed to the administra-
ton. At the time when it waswritten
the course of Mr.. Clayton was consider
cd here doubtful, and many apprc-
hendcd that he was in favor Of asserting
the Monroe doctrine. Sir Henry's letter
rcbukes both British and American pre.
tensions. lisremark, that the admins
tration is weak and unpopular, will not,
of course, be very palitablc to some of
the parties concerned; but he shows that
the policy of Great Britain is based on
good sense. Every pretcnsion set up by
IVr, Chatield is abandoned.
The Senate have ordered that thirty
thousand copies of the second part of the
Patent Office Report be printed. The
first part was not very well received, and
MIR. Foote took occasion, yesterday, to
ridicu'c AR. Ewbank's production. But,
with the second part, concerning agricul-
turc, Mr.. Ewbank had no concern. It's
got up by DR.. Lee, of New York, who
will be put at the head of the agricultu-
raj bureau, should one be established.
The Senate bill to establish Board of
agriculture appropriatcs only sixteen
thousand dollars for the object, and most
OF this sum is for salaries. 1t is proposed
to havca commissioner, a chemist, a Sc
cretaly, clerk, and messenger. The
scheme is not well digestcd; but every
thing must have beginning.
The Census bill will be finished in the
House to-day. Mr.. Vinton's amendments
will be adopted in part
We have a rumor that an exclusive
Southern press is 70 be established here,
to countcract the influence of the Ma
tionol Era, which is an abolition paper,
and is better supported than any paper
in this city, as far as subscriptions go.