The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-05-14

min by any other lined0es not come from the North
For with respect TO the NORTH there can be no earthly
doubt but there half dozen States made out Of Call
forna they would all be free States But the North does
ask for division II Is from the South that the pro-
position to divide the existing limits OF California comes
The South wants some other States, another State
there Some gentlemen from the South is true propose
to carry slaves south OF the proposed line But believe
that the major part OF those wo ask for this line do not
even ask for this recognition, or for this enactment 70
carry slaves south Of this line and ask everybody who
is acquainted with the country who has taken the pains
TO look over the map, If he has not to the conclu
sion that friend Of mine 4 believe now within my
He said to me the otherday Mr. Clay il Congress was
to offer $500 for every slave might own, requiring
to take them to ol these Territories and keep
them there for ten years. would not accept the propos
ton." ~
Now suppose you were 10 take the line 35 deg 30
the consequence There would be an open sea on the
one side for the escape OF saves-Caifona, reduced
| have suggested on another; and Mexico, with her
who beevestha II you establish the line proposed. sIa
very would ever be carried there would be maintained
there Moreover think have understood that the dele
CATION in the conventions south OF the line OF IS deg 30
min north OF 1t, voted unanimously against the In
PRODUCTION Of slavery there Il cannot, therefore, and
suppose is not designed with any hope that there would
be slavery carried there upon the limits OF the Pacific at
all. The making Of new State or States out OF the
objection which has been made by the South to the pre-
ponderace and influence and The apprehensions enter
ained Of the preponderance and influence Of northern
power II the North is satisfied. il the thing is not
reasonable TO that there should be on the
part Of southern friends hesitation in accepting
these limits. But they said to be unreasonable CaI
forna is 600 or 700 miles in extent on the Pacific
respect to ahat portion OF California south OF the line
80 deg 80 min, shortly after you have left the coast you
encounter deserts Of sand which never be iHhabed
and after you pass these deserts of sand you approach
mountains, and are involved in successive chains OF
until you reach population that has no in
tercourse with the Pacific but whose intercourse i car
ried exclusively with Mexico and other countries
the Mexican Gulf, and the Atlantic ocean When you
to the northern portion OF California there vast
desert which y sad 70 q have never been @ wn1e
try which the Mormons occupy down to the Paclhc
ocean There seems me, then, to be no adequate
tive for the decreasing OF the limits upon the Pacific with
view to the addition Of future Staesa. least from any
amount OF geographical knowledge which we possess at
present.
1t mentioned in the report that there other
of States which have been admitted without the previous
authority OF Congress The honorable gentleman from Ala
bama Mr CLEMENs stated that in all the other instances
of States admitted into the Union, they had served
prenticeshp OF SO many years But the statement in the
port stands unconuadctcd Michigan Arkansas, Florida,
If noother States into the Union without any pre-
vous OF Congress- according 10 the usage which pre-
vailed in the early admission OF Staes authorizing them
to in convention and form constitution Bnt s
said that they were under the government OF the United
States. So much the better for them they had good
governments territorial government. But how was IT
with California; She had no government You aban-
dOned deserted ner--vfO0teu engagement
treaty Of Hdago-left her to shift for herself as well
she could In this of abandonment she has formed
constitution and come here. ask again, as had
cason ask three months ago. she does not pre-
sent stronger claims upon our consideration than any OF
those States which had territorial governments, but
which, not satisfied with them, chose TO form for them
selves State constitutions, and come here TO be admitted
into the Union
think then Mr. President, that with respect TO the
population OF California, with respect to the limits OF
California and with respect to the circumstances under
which she presents herself to Congress for admission
State into the Union all are favorable to the grant OF
what she socits and that we can nd neither IN the one
the other sufficient motive TO reject or to throw her
back into the stale of lawless confusion and disorder
from which she has emerged.
With the committee say upon this occasion, that all
the considerations which devolve upon Congress TO admit
California, sanction what she has done, and give her the
benefit Of selgoyernment apply with equal force TO the
two Territories Of Utah and New Mexico.
MIR President allow me- at this stage oil the lew obser
vaons which propose TO address TO the Senate TO con-
as the plans which have been presented for the settle
meat Of This question one has come TO us from very
the question unsettled Of the boundary between New
Utah and New Mexico unprovdsd for BY government.
will take the occasion to say, that came 10 Washington
with most anxious desirea desire which still enter
cases in which udiciously cooperate, with the
executive branch OF the government need not add,
however that came here ALSO with settled purpose
to follow the deliberate dctaion OF my own judgment,
wherever that judgment might carry me. II is with
great pleasure sir that state that we do cooperate with
the President TO the extent which he recommends He
recommends the admission OF California The committee
propose H. There the Presidents recommendation stops
There we take up the subject and proceed TO act upon
the other parts OF the territory acquired from Menco
Now SIR which course OF the two recommends itself
best the judgment OF those who are to act in the case
In the first place, sir If do not provide governments
for the other portions OF the country acquired from Mex
co we fail TO fuhl the obligation the sacred obligaon,
in the treaty with Mexico II s said that they will have
government OF their own--a local government; that
they have such now but they haye not such one
now ms they had when they part OF Mexico: When
government OF Mexico stretching over all the paris
constituting that republic, they had all the benen re-
sung from their local laws, and the adduons oenr
eft and security resulting from the laws Of the supreme
government, covering all parts OF the republic We have
the place OF that supreme government Ihey were trans
ferred from that sovereignty TO this sovereignty ana we
stipulated with thai former sovereignty that we would
extend 10 them protection to their persons, security 70
their property and the benefit OF preserving their own
religion according 10 the dictates OF their own con
scences Now sir II you admit California and do
nothing for Utah and New Mexiconothing ~ relation TO
the settlement Of the boundary question WIN Iexss-l
ask you, what condition, in what stae WIN you ieave
these countriesi There are the Mormons-a community
Of which do not wish to say word an disrespect
know yery little about them have heard very often
things said against Them and believe during this session
nv colleague, who sits before me, Mr. UNDERwoop.1
has had occasion present some peunon or document,
showing some very harsh, oppressive, and tyrannca
treatment extended by those Mormons to ctizens Of he
United States, who did not compose portion OF their
community and who were merely passing through Ofhat
people, of their capacity 10 govern, OF the treatment they
would give to the other czens Of the United States who
might settle among them, or who might wish 70 pass
through, not belonging thereof all these matters