The North-Carolina standard., 1850-06-26

Il
mise was to reduce the northern and western boun-
dairy of Texas the 32d PARALLEL being four and a
half degrees south Of the Missouri compromise line;
and that much of the soil of Texas, now subject to
the laws of slavery, would, if in the hands of Con-
gress, become free territory He thought it not only
violated the Missouri compromise line, but also the
compact made with Texas, that such State which
may be formed south of $50 3O shall be admitted,
whether she permit slavery not. If this territory
Nbe taken away from Texas and made the property of
Union, then it to be the territory of Tex
Jas, and is released from the obligations of the COM
pact with Texas This the south was called upon to
sanction What was the equivalent9 Itwas the with
holding of the Wilmot provso from the territories of
this equivalent was secure one. He read from
speech made in the House, to show that the proviso
}was not defeated, but only postponed.
He thought that the whole south would be perfect
ly satisfied and content and he knew no reason why
lit should be acceptable to the whole country, If
Yhe Missouri line of $50 80 were extended from the
State of Texas to the Pacific coast. Such compro-
mise would be understood by the people, because it
was familiar to them and he thought that It, and 1t
only, uhS the present circumstances, would be ac-
ceptablel Ssatisfactory.
Mr.. CLAY said that ne would like TO understand
from the Senator from Virginia whether he asks that
the line of $50 80 should be established without any
thing being said on the subject of slavery, excluding
or authorizing it north or south of that line.
Mr.. Mason said that he meant distinctly to be un.
stood to say that the adoption of the line of $50 80
as the southern boundary of California, and as app-
ed from Texas to that southern boundary would con-
tent him. without any legislation by Congress; that
for the territory of California south of $50 3O ter
ritorial government should be provided on the usual
terms, without any thing being said of slavery The
same to be done as regards Utah and New Mexico.
But if the Senator would strike out all 'nas part re-
lating to the Texas boundary, then he would be con
tent with the division of California by the line OF $50
! 80.
| Mr.. CLAY said that on one of the FIRST occasions
on which he had addressed the Senate, he had said
that he considered the adoption of the line of 800 30
without any recognition of the right to carry slaves
| south of that line, would be but mockery The
Senator says now that he will accept such ilne
Can the Senator speak for the whole south, or can
he say that such will be acceptable to the southern
Senators! He understood the Senator to say that ne
spoke only for himself. Now, would southern Sena-
tors accept this compromise
Mr.. MASON said that if the Senator from Kentucky
would say that he would be in favor OF 1t, he would
receive response very readily from the other slae.
Mr.. CLAY said that he was grati6ed to hear the
Senator say that he would take that line OF 360 80
without any express recognition of the right to hold
slaves south of but the Senator proposed to divide
California. He would say to the Senator ina. ne
would propose a sort of compromise, by extending
that line from Texas, through Utah and New Mexl-
CO. up to the eastern boundary of California.
MI. CAss said that he understood perfectly what
the Senator from Virginia proposed as to running the
line of $50 80 through California, for it gave chance
as regarded applying that line to the Territories
Utah and New Mexico, he saw nothing to be gained:
The bill proposed nonnterventon on the suo]ecs ot
slavery in the whole Territories. The line Of 30
80 would be prohibition Of it north Of that line, and
leave it open for future decision south of that llne
Mr.. BERRIEN said that if the line OF 36o 5V were
adopted it would leave the State of California free,
and cut of that portion of it lying south OF 36' sV,
being four and half degrees, and leave that part
open to slavery not, the people should at the
Tho fhinO could be accom-.
plished by simply dividing the State OF California oy
the line of $50 80. =,
Mr.. Mason said that he had stated that he would
for the line of $50 3V because the Senator from
that proposition did not seem TO meet with the Sena
tors favor. All he could say was, that when they
came to a vote, the hardest must fend off.
Mr.. CLAY said that the Senator had made his pro-
position but in all or other
wise-it was generally required that parties making
proposals should show their credentials. For whom
did the Senator speak save himself! What does the
South think of it! Will the Senators on the other
side take the line of $50 3O without any recognition
of slavery North South but leave it to be decided
by the local laws and the Constitution OF the United
States?
He had put the question before 70 the other side OF
the chamber, and the only response he had received
was very emphatic nod of disapprobatlon from one
distinguished Senator, Mr.. Ben'on) 1t the line OF
$50 so were presented to him, and no legislation was
required either way the other, north or south
of the line, the subject of slavery, but leave that
question open, to be decided by the people, and by
the local laws in force and the Constitution OF tne
United States he would say Senators that he would
hesitate long before he would refuse it. But he was
called upon now to contract with but one SENATOR
He wanted to know whether it would receive the
support of all the South. The Senator can attain his
object by moving at the proper time to limit the boun-
daries of California by the line of $50 30, and then
it would be seen how Senators were disposed to act
Mr.. Mason said that the Senator seemed unwilling
to commit himself in favor of the proposition. He
would say to the Senator that he in the mlnorl-
ty and it was not for him to move such proposition
The majority having the control, with them rested
the responsibility.
PLANK ROADS. These roads were first introduced
into Canada by the governor general, Lord Suyden-
ham, who had seen their utility in Russia. The first
one was constructed in 1884. Since then FIVE hum
dred miles have been built in Canada, and much
greater length in the United States. The manner of
of these roads is simple and easily de-
scribed. Two Of small sticks of timber laid
length wise of the road, and mbedded in the ground
panks eight feet long and three or four inches thick
are laid upon these sticks them at right angles
to their direction. side track of earth to turn out
each side to ensure perfect drainage; and thus is
formed plank road. Wider tracks than eight feet
were at first employed in Canada. The track was
laid from nine to twelve feet But it was found that,
after seven years use the track worn only sew
en- or eight feet and that the remaining four five
feet had not lost the marks of the saw--thus
third of the expenditure wasted. double plank
track, it is sad will rarely be necessary as single
track will accommodate large amount of travel.
Over single track near Syracuse, New York, one
hundred and sixtyone thousand teams passed in two
fu,o hundrod nd