Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1850-03-27
SchlcSSvig and Il0lstcin Dairy
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accompanying description OF the routine
Of management Of an Holstein dairy 10
appear in your 'Gazette,' to give the En-.
glish dairymen an idea Of the exertions
made by foreigners TO compete with them
in the London market
The pride and boast Of the Holsteiner
is his dairy; and as Hostein butter may
well claim to be the best in the world, the
following sketch Of the management bv
which the dairy in that country is more
especially distinguished may not prove
uninteresting nor useless to the English
farmer.
a dairy consisting Of 900 cows. gives
employment to the following number of
persons; a dary-man, a dairy-maid. a
cook, cooper, two cow-herdS, an odd
man, chcese-n,aiI. and ten dairy-girls
The dairy-man's duty involves general
charge Of the cattle. the calves and swine:
he is responsible for their being regularly
and suitably fed; that the cow-h herds do
their duty; that the hours Of milking &c.
are punctually adhered to. and that eve
rything and every person is in proper
place and keeping. He must pay strict
attention that the cows are milked thor
oughly out. on which so much depends.
The dary.maid has the superintendance
Of every work which belongs to the treat
ment Of milk, butter. and cheese. from
the moment that the milk is brought to
the dairy room. and is answerable for the
teanliness Of the whole dairy house; she
is also house-keeper, and orders the extra
work for the girls. not included in the dali
ry. as gardening in summer. and spin
ming in winter. Her own particular work
in the dairy is to skim the milk. to man
age the process OF converting the cream
into butter. as will be afterwards described
to superintend the cheese making. to put
in the proper quantity Of rennet and salt.
and 10 look after the cleanliness Of the
dairy utensils. The cheese maid attends
to the MANIPULATION Of cheese making
and has to measure the fresh milk as it is
put into the tubs. to clean out the dairy
room, and to rub. dry. and turn the
cheese. The 10 dairy girls have each to
milk from I 5 TO l3 cows, to do all the
work in cleaning the dairy utensils and
the dairy house, and either spin or work
in the garden. or any other work which
is ordered by the dairy-maid. The coop
er repairs and renews the dairy utensils.
makes the casks to contain the butter for
sale; he assists at the milking. and takes
the duties of dairy-man. in case Of ILL.,
ness, as far as the care of the COWS and
pigs. The odd man mlks his number Of
cows. feeds the pigs. and carries the skim
milk out Of the dairy room into the cheese
tub. When the cows are in the stables.
these two last persons assist the dairy
man. with the help Of the COW herds. to
give the hay and corn to the cows. One
COW herd is kept for each 100 cows, their
duty being to watch the cows as long as
they are in pastures, and to collect them
together at the milking times. In winter.
when the cows are housed, they have to
give them straw and water. and to make
up the beds tour times day. SO that the
cows always have clean straw to lie down
upon. The dung is removed by man
whose time is fully occupied by that par
ticular duty.
The routine Of dairy work is regulated
TO follow in l2 hours. to leave exactly the
same space Of time between each opera
lion with the milk cream, and butter
The morning work commences in sum-
ner at two o'clock, by the establishment
being called by the girl whose duty for
he week has been to remain for the night.
the hot water required for the
irst operation. On entering the dairy
DOM. the dairy maid, with the assistance
If the cheese-maid and two of the handi-
ST Of the girls, skins the milk, which has
stood in the tubs SO hours; it is carried by
he odd man into the cheese tub; the milk !
ubs, as they are emptied, are washed
md cleaned in the following manner:
The tubs, made Of oak wood painted
ed inside. are placed upon the floor ofthe .
and the girls are divided into
wo parties, SO that two tubs at a time are
the same process Of cleaning.
The first girl puts ladle Of boiling wat
n into each Of the two tubs; next two
Urls follow with small birch scrubbers. to
emove the particles Of adhering cream
,r milk. which is emptied in a pail for
he pigs; the fourth and fifth girls, with
polling water and a hard round brush
made of pigs brIstles. with which every
,air's breadth is thoroughly scrubbed and
10 remove all aciditv The
ixth and seventh girls wash the outsides
md bottoms Of the tubs with cold water.
md dash the insides we'll with cold water. |
The eighth girl gives them the final wash
ng in cold bath. and places them on a
reap, when they are examined by the
larry maid. and pu, out in the air to dry
During the time the dairy maid is exam
ming the tubs. the cheese-maid washes
he floor in the milk cellar upon which the .
ubs stood
As soon as the girls have finished the
cleaning of the tubs. they carry the skim
ned milk which has been heated into the .
cheese tub. to give the proper temperature
0 the whole before the dairy-maid adds
he rennet and colorng. These prelimi-
,ary operations being ended. the dairy
girls dress. and having partaken Of a
'iece OF bread and butter. at 4 O'Clock .
proceed with the men to milk the cows. /
The dairy maid now commences the
,hurning operations. which mus: be ac-
in not less than 50 or SO min
ties, by the power Of either steam or hor- /
les. While the churn is in motion, she /
aS Yimo n heat tho hu,ter p,ado on rho