The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-07-28

comes prenaurely before the Senate, inasmnch as The
Senate has Official Information that constitution has
asss 81 Ns% Ss sS
delaying the proceeding in order to receive official nior
nation from the President of the United States Of the
adoption o. the constitution and that the constitution H.
sell m'Eht Dc lad before US for approval feel my
self obliged 10 bring the question thus before
me Senate for the reason that the subject pematurey
belorc the Senate and that the bill which under
consideration provides Tor disposition OF this subject
which will prevent the bestowa OF Just considerable
upon the claims of New Mexico when they shall be pre-
scented here with official authority and in due form and
force. 1t is not my fault therefore, that the question
springs upon the Senate Ii this whole matter of
the boundary OF Texas and OF the Territory q New
Mexico could be severed from the bill, then the whole
subject gh well be postponed until il should up
properly for disposition al more suitable time and in the
customary form
Mr. President the effect of the bill before the Senate is
to postpone all questions about the admission OF New
Mexico until after the report OF commissioners, and
the action OF Congress upon the report of the
sOncTs, and by that time there may be New Mexico
to be admitted Now. sir opposed to the delay thus
proposed, because the first place. believe il ncon-
WIN b ss snd Nss the New
has truly stated the rights OF that people They
conquered and subjugated people but they
po"s to Them as the Ss ezsns Of a aas Tern
tory any Stale within the United States II is only
change Of their sovereignty that has been effected When
the people OF New Mexico lost their rights secured
them By the constitution Of Mexico they acquired the
rights OF American citizens, secured by the constitution
Of the United States, and those rights involved the pro-
lection OF their property and preservation OF their liberty
and the protection Of their territory from invasion Ali
these rights OF which the United States deprive
no community on earth. They may extend their con-
queIing States, and territories and provn
but carries with j freedom and security, and the guar
antics of them. Now, sir, regard TO the rights of the
people OF New Mexico, if they had not been secured by
treaty, they would have been still secured by the obi
gatOns arising out of the law OF nature AMI of
tons These rights are secured not only BY he law Of
nations, but they secured moreover by the treaty
nj GuadaInne HidaiVo The T1ntad Sfafaa found No
Mexico territory or province OF the empire OF
Mexico, and they stipulated by the, treaty with
Of Mexico, that they should be projected in ali their
rights, and that they should be admitted the rights OF
citizens, and that they should have government estab
init is TO incorporate New Mexico a State; but resist
the proposition contained the bill which ncorpo
rate New Mexico territory Of the United States.
submit in the first place, that The proposition contained in
the amendment laid upon your table is the which
most harmonious and congenal with the treatywth fair
Vd III; con hs treaty Of up, Hd,o
Territory Of New Mexico OF that the provinces Of New
Mexico and California, shall be admitted into the United
States Territories; but il that they shall be admitted
States The treaty contains provision and allusion
whatever to bringing them into provincial or territorial
condition II is fair construction Of the treaty TO say
that it contemplated the admission of the Territories
Territories Provinces but States, upon equal
footing with tine original States for il fair to presume
that il the United States bad contemplated that New
Mexico and California were to be held in territorial
salage under the Union, that intention would have
been expressed know that the United States reserved
to Congress the right 70 Judge OF the time to admit them
States but that all that did reservethe right to de-
tennine the time when. Well sir the time when when
these provinces left in just exactly the condition that
exposed to great danger In the next place. sir the pro-
vision contained in this amendment is compatible
and harmonious with the constitution Of the United States
Ii remark able feature OF the constitution OF the United
States that its framers contemplated territory
never contemplated territory or colony but, on The
other hand, contemplated nothing less than Statesper
feat Ntntnu cu1 rulla al
sovereign States There domain belonging 10 the
United States, which was, for temporary purposes, and
until should be Inhabited (at the time OF the conslu
ton Of the United Sates set of for the purpose Of being
organized into Territory-the Northwest Territory
but that regarded only temporary and
ancillary to the establishment OF 1--WE new States with
in that Territory. There is reason-there is political
wisdom in this provision OF the constitution excluding
colonies which subject always to oppression and
eviably and ultimately drag down the paren, State
Then, the proposition which submit is congenlal with
the treaty-ruly congenaI and compatible with the con
stituton OF the United Slaies-and the proposition
tablish territorial form of government this people
in violation OF the spirit of the treaty and Of the
stituton. But, sir, New Mexico il entitled to be admit
ted into the Union OF the United States under that
because i cannot be regarded treaty STIMULATING
contemplating oppressive exercise Of the right OF Con
gess IN defining the time OF admssion but reasonable
exercise OF 1.-THE exercise OF sound discretion for the
good OF the people with whom the stipulation and cove
| nant were made II is covenant for their protection
and benefit and not stipulation for their and
to be admitted! That time. s has come when The adj
mission OF New Mexico not as province. is necessary
TO the liberty oil the people and the integrity OF her
Territory. That the Tune. and that time has now
come; Tor both are in danger. The liberties OF New
Mexico danger Of being subverted by absorp
uon BY the State OF Texas, and her actual existence
endangered BY the Efforts Of that State orng about
her subugaon BY force. What answer SHALL be given
TO me upon this point SIR! There 10 no answer except II
be that New Mexico is not condition to be admitted
But New Mexico ful6ls all the conditions which you
have required Tor the admission OF any Stale into the
Union. There il but condition which the constItu
ton recognises; and that is that she shall present
publican form OF government. New Mexico ul6Is that
condition. You have before you sabahed precedents
BY which you have required population OF q given
amount OF numbers TO constitute State. That number
New Mexico fuI6ls that condition Tor she has hundred
thousand soulsshe has population larger than Texas
when that community was admitted a. State She has
population two-thrds large that OF Texas. Sixty
thousand citizens were necdfu 10 entte the State OF
Ohio 10 admiason-slxty thousand all that
CURED Of Michigan, Indiana. Illinois, Iowa. and Florida;
and New Mexico exceeds them all by more than two
thirds Of the number required But have been told
that the condition OF these people such that they
were unit for seGovernment and therefore should be
denied admission Sir, too late 10 raise that ohjec
tion- They citizens Of the United States and
maintaining the capacity Of for self government
maintain that any ninety thousand peope-citizens OF the
United States, recognised such by its constitution it's
treaties, and its lawsare incapable Of the functions oil
self government know that il IL said that you will
govern them better than they could govern themselves;
and how will you govern them better What the guar
any that you offering them Of governing them better
dsmember their territory and to subver their constitution
They a MINGLED UOUulatlOn ed