davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12

TEE LEeIsLATURE.-The organiza-
ton Of both Houses was completed
on the second day. MIR. Convers,
Speaker Of the Senate, is a Wing.
and was the Speaker Of the Senate
last year. Mr.. Swift is the gentle
man who acted as Clerk of those who
elected Gen. Holcomb temporary
Speaker OF the House two years ago.
The Sergeant-at-Arms is lso a
Wing. We think the Wings will be
very well satisfied with the organiza-
tion Of the Senate. In the House. J.
F. Morse, Free Soiler, was elected
hy the combined votes OF Free Soil
ers and Locos. The latter with
drew their candidate and cast their
votes for Morse on Tuesday morn
ing. having perfected the terms Of
the combination the night previous.
OF this man Morse, in connection
with Townsend, the people OF Ohio
heard something two years ago. In
dieations in the House are that this
union is perfect. and that the Legis-
lative elections this winter will re-
semble those of 1889. when Abo-
Eiionism and Locofocoism were one
and the same thing.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12

DEMocKGTIc PAPER IN CHARLEsToN.-
A Prospectus is before the public for the
publication of Weekly Democratic
paper IN Charleston. T. NJ. GABDNER.
ESQ.,, a young gentleman of the Kama
wha Bar, is to be the Proprietor and
Editor, assisted in his editorial dulles
BY X. Aug. Thompson, ESQ.,, Under
the auspices of those gentlemen the
" Western Virginian" (for that is its
name cannot fail to be ably and honor
ably conducted.--Kane,cha RepubEi-
can.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12

THE GALL1A CoUBIER.-We wish to
say, once for all, to the presiding ge-
MUS of this sheet, that neither the edi-
tor or his correspondent, by their bad
temper or bad grammar, can draw us
into any controversy with them. five
can circulate important matter more
speedily by procuring printing done in
Pittsburgh or elsewhere, we shall con
tinue to do it without consulting the
gentleman (God save the mark around
the corner, or being much influenced
through fear of such contemplate mean
ness as is displayed in the last number
of the Courier. The "thing" that does
up this dirty work for that Office, will
doubtless continue to circulate his lies
and disp ay his PupPyism on the street
and in print as heretofore. May he have
pleasant time oft.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12

The FAIE.-The Fair, given by
the ladies connected with the Episco-
pal Society, continued through three
evenings, Thursday, Friday and Sat
urday evenings Of last week. The
weather was extremely unfavorable,
Notwithstanding the Hall was well
filed with visitors the two first
evenings, and we understand it also
was on the last.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12

A Governor IN DIHTIcULTY.-
Gov. Quitman, Of Miss, has been ar
rested by the United States Marshal
for his connection with the attempt
ed capture of Cuba last Summer
The right to take him TO Louisiana
was being argued before Judge
Gholson, so says a dispatch received
at Louisville.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12

The TARRY.-The expectation
seems general that the Tariff will be
much modified the present session Of
Congress. Nearly all the leading
Democratic journals Of Pennsylvania
are out in favor Of a modification,
especially on iron. The Presidents
remarks on the subject are to the
point. . -ttr.t
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12

CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION
The body have made little progress
as yet. A proposition for a removal
from Cincinnati was voted down,
I'd the Convention adjourned
Friday, to give time for certain ar
rangements TO be made in the Hall,
better adapting it to the purpose oi
speaking and hearing. The space
occupied by the Messags will not ad-
NIT of even a synopsis of the pro-
ceedings.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12

SHOCKING AccIDENT.-The Athens
Messenger gives an account Of two
young children being burned 10
death in Rome township of that
county. They were the children oI
Mr.. Henry Pearce. One was seven
weeks old, the other about a year
and a half. : The accident occurred
while The mother was absent for a
pail Of water. r.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12
S18,744,5s4 SO

Thus it will be seen by the opera
ton OF our present financial system
and the increasing wealth Of the
State, our public debt will silently
but steadily diminish, and in few
years be entirely extinguished.
History and experience will at
test the fact, that where science, gen.
eraI knowledge, and moral cultiva-
tion, are most universally diffused
among the people, there liberty is
the most cherished, the rights Of per-
sons and property are the most safe.
virtue and religion, and whatever
else can adorn society and render
mankind prosperous and happy, are
held the most sacred. To extend and
secure TO coming generations the
benefits Of liberty and well regulated
free institutions. il is necessary for
the Statesman 10 look with earnest
care to the means of instruction for
the youth Of the country; for by
them he may shape the deslinies Of
the State and the nation, for good or
for evil, through succeeding ages.
An efficient system of Common
Schools, thoroughly executed, is the
only means OF attaining this desira-
be object. Under our present law
on this subject, much has been done;
but the law is imperfect. The law
which now processes to regulate this
system, has been in force for many
years. 1t has undergone many al
lerations, is printed in many differ
ent volumes of the statutes, and is
thus made difficult to be found, and
still more difficult TO be understood
BY the great majority of persons
whose duty it processes 10 point
out.
That portion which relates to FORM
ing and altering districts from two
or more townships, and the portion
for fixing sites aud levying
taxes for building and repairing
school-houses, and the supporting OF
schools beyond the means supplied
by the various school funds, is OBJ
scure and OF uncertain import. the
cause OF much serious complaint and
begets much dislike TO the whole sys-
tenn.
| would recommend TO your con-
the Propriety Of a thor
ough revision OF all the statutes on
the subject, so as to make them plain
to all, and effectual TO the accom-
Of the objects desired.
On the 2Slh day of September,
1850, Congress passed a law gran
ling 10 each State, for aspeci6ed pur-
pose, the swamp or overfiowed lands
within its borders, still belonging to
the General Government, which will
be made the subject Of special mes
sage.
The difficulties in relation TO the
Reserve School lands, have
been during the season settled, and
sngrossed lists obtained from the
Department of the whole number OF
acres claimed. These lands have
been brought into market in Pursu-
ance OF the law, and have met with
/ rapid sale, making an addition to
hat school fund, and affording the
prospect of a considerable
Increase to the population. improve
nent and wealth Of the several coun-
les in which the lands are situated.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12
s3,Os2,ss3,sO 6

The total amount Of the State debt
which would have become due on the
SIst day of December. 1850, payable
in the city of New York, was s4,Ss5,-
s5O,76. As no means had been pro-
vided for the payment Of this debt, it
was deemed desirable by the General
Assembly to extend the time ofpayment
BY issuing new stocks for the redsmp-
ton of the certificates becoming due
Accordingly, under the authority of the
act "to authorize the Canal Fund Com
missioners to exchange certain certifi-
Gates Of the funded debt of this State, :"
passed on the 2lst Of March. l849, and
the act amendatory thereto, passed on
the lelh of March, 1850, the Fund Com.
miss0nsrs have issued 81. .o95, ,ooo, 900
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12


Of Ave per cent stock, payable In the
city Of New York, al the pleasure Of
the State after the Sis. day Of Decsm-
Der, 1865; Si,5l6,l68 45 Of six per
cent. stock, payable after tho Sist day
Of December, 1870, and 81, 800. .0OO,-
600 Of six per cent. stock, payable af-
ter the 3lst December, 1875. The
premiums received upon the new stock
amounted to more than three hundred
thousand dollars, after the payment Of
all charges and expenses. In addition
10 this premium, six hundred and twen-
ty.tve thousand dollars of the six per
cent. stock, has been reduced 10 a five
per cent. stock; thus saving in interest
nearly an additional hundred thousand
dollars. the foreign debt of The State.
on the LIST day of January, 1850, was
SI6, ,566. IT'S, SO; being a reduction dur
ing the year Of sS14,s0s,7l.
There is now in the hands Of the
Fund Commissioners, and in the Treas
ury, subject to their control, surplus
revenue, sinking funds, land funds, and
other means exceeding seven hundred
thousand dollars, which is applicable to
the payment Of the balance ofseven per
cent. stock. II is not therefore deemed
necessary to make any further provis-
ion for the payment of the stock be-
coming due in 1851. The means al
ready in the hands of the Fund Com
missioners, with the revenues and
resources of the current year, will ena-
BILE the Commissioners promptly to pay
the balance ofthe one million FIVE hun
dred thousand dollars seven per cent.
stock due on, the 3lst OF December
1851.
On the 1st of July, I845, the amount
ofths State debt, as stated by the Fund
Commissioners in their report Of Janua'
nv, l849, was SeO,0l8.5I5 SO.
The total amount of the debt of the
State on the Ist of January, 1851, viii
be as follows:
Foreign debt. sl6,566,773 6s
Domestic bonds, 493,S24 "
School & Trust funds, 1855, 1896 6;
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12

ALMcsr A FrRE.-The roof Of the
Wharfboat took fire this, Wednes-
day morning, from a stove pipe
which passed through it. The fire.
was extiuguished before much dam
age was done.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12

Specimens of the engrayings to be
distributed by the Art Union this
year can be seen by calling at the
Book Store. Persons wishing to sub
scribe can do so by applying TO S.
Nash, Esq, Immediately.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12
The Georgia arrived at New York

The Georgia arrived at New York
on the 7th inst. She brings San
Francisco dates to the 10Th Nov, al
so over a million ofgold; reports bus
mess prosperous. Flour SIS to $40
per Dbl. at San Francisco. Raining
constantly. A vessel arrived at San
Francisco having the cholera on
board, causing much CONSERVATION.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12

The Inauguration Of Judge Wood
as sGoysrnOr Of Ohio takes place to-
day, Thursday. Thsre is to be two
Balls in fhe city, one the same even
ing, the other on the I7th.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12
4L.v.. P.rt,y, and FIaeIty.v

The Rev. E. Gatchell will deliver
an address on the above motto, at
the BaPtis, Church, on Thursday
(this) evening, at 6 o'clock, P. M
The citizens generally are invited.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12

TKanawha county, Va, has a
population Of 1884. Free white
l2,OOT. Free black DOT. Slaves
3,l4O. The total population Of
Charleston is l46s, OF which 457 are
slaves.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12

CoEeREss.-Ws have nothing Of
interest from Washington. T .
Eastern papers contain the reports
Of the different departments. We
shall give in our next extracts from
the reports Of the Interior and F0''
Office departments.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12

GrORerA.--Ths resul, of the cleo.
ton for dsIegr,es, to the Georgia
State Convention, as far as heard
from, 10 the choice of l40 Unionists
snd only ~ Disunionists,
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12
EXPENDITURES.

Paid General Assembly, Judi
eikI and StateOficers, State
Institutions, claims and
incidental items, 59l,lS6,4o
Paid for Repairs Of Public
Works j2J,395,UO U
Repair, Of Nationsl Roads &c H,24266,O
Int crest on Domestic bonds, 2o,6J4 30
Interest on Foreign Debt, 10 22,355,95 D
% trib"tsd, 2Oo,OOO,OO o
Trust Funds. s7.272sl o
One per cent. on Surplus Re-
venue, . c'ooO,oo l
Three per cent fund paii, lj,S46,5I U
On account Of next January
interest. L4Ss0S14o
Fund Commissioners. on ae-
count Of State debt, 6oI,oSO,S4
Claims Transferred to the At
torney General fOr eollee-
tion, lS,Soz,U<
s'Te t1s Tr.,,arsr % $4,000 o
MisceIls neous Items paid. l,I99,So U
Total amt drawn from the
Treasury, xzSoo'S<f'oo
Balance remaining in the
Treasury of the 18th Now
1850. l32O66,l2
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12

PDr. J. w. Laird has again as.
sumed the control Of the Jackson
Standard. Mr.. Hoffman retiring.
S. P. Drake, formally Of the Ports
mouth Tribune & Clipper, has asso-
ciated himself with Mr.. Hanna in
publishing the same.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12

~Bishop McIlvaine, Of the EPis-
copal Church, will visit Gallipolis on
The 20th inst, and administer the
Holy rite of confirmation.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12

T Three or four days rain last
week, brought the river up booming.
At this time, Tuesday morning, it is
slowly falling.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12
Remaining in the Institu-
ton Nov. Is. 1880,

Upon the subject OF the prison and
the administr- tion OF the criminal
law, | feel impelled from a sense Of
duty to remark, that there is almost
constant throng Of applications for
pardons. These applications are
not made and signed BY friends
merely, but frequently by the judges
Of courts, jurors, sheriffs, prosecu-
ting attorneys, and other county OF.
6cers. These petitions almost uni
versally set up as reason for Exec
utive interference, that il is the first
offence, that the offender is young
and has been the dupe Of older and
more artful adopts in crime, that re-
form, the object OF punishment, has
been effected; that the ends Of pub
lie justice have been subse rved-ths
supremacy Of the law vindicated-
and therefore the prisoner ought to
be discharged. All this leads to the
reflection whether the law ought not
10 be so amended as TO reduce the
minimum length Of time for punish
ment, giving the courts greater lati-
tude according to the circumstances
of mitigation or aggravation which
shall surround each case. Again, as
The object ol punishment is Iwo-fold
the protection OF society and the
reformation Of the criminal-the
question arises whether it would not
be better accomplished by the grad
uation Of the length of punishment
by the number Of convictions
Would not the offender; knowing
that the second offence would be
more severely and more certainly
punished, be more likely to be deter
red from the commission Of itl Ths
whole matter is submitted to the wis.,
dom Of the General Assembly.
The great object of Punishment,
which is the protection Of commune
ty from the deprsdations Of the vile,
may be accomplished BY preventing
the commission Of the evil than by
enacting laws for furnishing the Of
fender after the crime is committed.
The Stale reform school Of Massachu-
setts, established for that purpose,
has thus far exceeded the most san.
yuine expectations Of its benevolent
projectors. The buildings can ac-
three hundred, and are
now full Of bright youth who, per.
baps, from penury and want had vio-
Iated the law-who perhaps are driV.
IN from home, to stray through the
Ianes and streets Of the towns and
cities without protection or instruc-
lion, compelled to beg, or steal, or
'larve, and who perhaps had never
heard the voice Of pity or friendship.
Here they are cared for and instruc-
led by those whose hearts are warm
ID with the hope and prospect Of
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12
GOVERNeR'S EEssAGE
Gentlemen of the Senate
and House of Representatives.:

| wv D u u Vh - ~ u ~
Gentlemen of the Senate
and House of Representatives,:
Another political year Of our State
| is added to the past. and in pursuance
ofthe Constitution, the people by
their Representatives have assembled
10 examine their affairs and consult
for the common good. Ths fact that
from year TO year the people are
thus assembled to look after their
own interests, and that administra-
tons arc peacsably changed BY the
self-renovaiing and propelling power
of the Constitution alone, is beau
tiful and striking illustration Of the
superior excellence Of our free insti-
tutions. We may with great pro-
priety first direct our attention to the
circumstances which demonstrate the
goodness Of Divine Providence, on
whose power we are dependent for
all we enjoy, and render TO him that
large measure Of gratitude which we
owe for the blessings Of the past year.
Ia a few places that, as yet myste-
rious destroyer Of man-the cholera
has prevailed with IFS usually dis
tressing incidents; but, with this ex-
ception, general health has prevailed
throughout our borders. Much more
than usually abundant harvests Of all
kinds have rewarded the labors OF
the husbandman; commerce, the me-
chanic arts, and all the various
branches Of industrial pursuits have
steadily increased. Peace and order
have prevailed. The administration
OF lusiics has been duly regarded
Tie protection and supremacy Of
law is still felt and acknowledged by
the people. Intellectual and moral
instruction, under our present judi
cious regulations, have been extend
ed generally to all classes, and the
progress OF our State in improve
ments, in wealth, in knowledge, and
in all the elements which tend to ad-
vance the general welfare, has been
steadily onward.
To the Great Author Of our being,
in whose hand is the destiny of ma
tions, and whose sis the earth, and
the fullness thereof" we are under
renewed obligations for all these in
creasing blessings.
1 Detailed reports from the several
Departments will, in due time, be
laid before you, from which you will
derive full view Of the operations
of the Government.
4 Full statements OF the receipts and
expenditures, and of the financial
operations Of the past year, will be
presented in the reports oi the Audi
tor, Treasurer, and Fund Commis-
sioner.
The finances Of the State are in
sound and prosperous condition.
The interest upon the State debt has
been punctuaIly paid from the cur
rsnl resources appropriated for that
purpose, and large surplus remains,
which is applicable to the reduction
OF the principal.
The following is a summary state
ment Of the receipts and exPendi-
lures OF the fiscal year, ending on
the 18th November, 1850:
H RECEIPTS.
General Revenue reeeived6ur-
ing the yeSf 1850. S2I5.9Ol,O2
Canal Tax, including Sl25..
000 90 Sinking Fund, 9ss,433,29 0
Canal Tolls and Water Rents, 79s,0S5,73 0
dend.. 29.s38,2O 0
Canal Land, sold. 42,69l,43
SurpluI Revenue repaid, l7I,2l5,o5 l
School and MiniSterial Lands
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12

"Mr. Horton OF the Senate has
our thanks for copy Of the Govern
or's Message.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12


lslature, eslsing ihat this disiinetioa nay
Be removed. Il has long been mS opia-
ion that both jusiice snd policy require
that the law be 20 amended - 70 admit
all As Staie patients without regard to
property. therefore recommend Il
70 ths consiaefafion ofths- -GsnaEni .Aas
sembly.
And slse recommend 70 he LsEis-l
lature to enter vigorously upon such
measures as win the most speedily So
cure the erection ofths necessary bull
dings for the wants Of the sIsfs: OnsD
othe. reason at least for this should nos
be omitted. There will Of neesssitR al
ways be certain number Of incursbies,
who must be cared for somewfiefes-r
These, by the present law, whenever
there is a lack Of room, II safe or HARM
less, must be discharged to make room
for recent cases. But this is only COM
hitting the lesser inhumanity Of throw.
ing out upon the world one believed to
be incurable. TO prevent the rejection Os
one who only May be cured. And who.
can say, when he whose mind is de-
tAroned is safe or harmlessl Who
knows at what moment some phrenzy
may take possession Of the man, and he
by fatal blow. destroy the nearest
friend, or whoever shall be In the way!
Safety, economy, and humanity, there.
fore, all require that this whole class Of
the afflicted should be sustained and
kept by the State in Asylums provided
for that purpose.
The operations Of the Penilentiary
have been unusually successful, consid-
ering the fatality by cholera last year.
and the sickness prevailing aporiion Of
the present. For moro than a year from
the time the cholera ceased in l649,
not death occurred in the institution
from any cause. In June however,
about the time the cholera commenced
in the vicinity, diarrhea began TO pre-
vail In the prison. This was followed
by the prevalence of dysentery Of an
aggravated nature, closely resembling
cholera, and sixteen deaths occurred
from the latter disease, and five from
other causes, within a very short period
Of time. The sickness was doubtless
much aggravated by the unusual panic
among the prisoners, occasioned by the
memory of the frightful scenes Of last
year.
In consequence Of the fatality by
cholera and other causes, last season,
the present year commenced with but
1856 prisoners-being l3S less than the
average number for ten years preceding
which, added to the generally debili.
tated state Of the convicts from the eE-
fects Of the cholera epidemic, led TO the
reasonable expectation that the avails OF
labor in the Institution this year would
be much diminished.
The number on the 30th No
vember, ls49. being the
close ofthe fiscal year for
the Prison, was, $50
Received during the preson year, lsS
Total, $50
Reduced bydeath, FL
Pardoned by the Governor, Sc
Pardoned by the President, 3
Discharged by expiration
ofSentence, 42
Writs of Error,
Escaped.
105
Remaining in the Institu-
ton Nov. Is. 1880, 42&
Upon the subject of the prison and
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12

-H RECEIPTS.
General Revenue reeeived6ur- -
ing the yesf 1850. sa75.sOl.O2 o
Canal Tax, including fl25..
000 90 Sinking Fund, 9ss,433,29
Canal Tolls and Water Rents, 726,055,73 0
Turnpike an Canal Divi-
dends, 29.6J5,2O
Canal Land, sold. 42,69l,43 0
SurpluI Revenue repaid, HI,2l5,o5 /
School and Ministerisl Lands
sold, 0o,oo4,oI
TsIe. collected, 100000 0
Interest on Surplus Revenue
Fund, 5s,74l,ss 3
Companies, 5642s,95 o
Tolls upon Western Reserve
and Msumee Road, I2O4J,y5
National Road Tolls, HO6O,lI VI
Miscellaneous Items. I'll 225,I5 U
Total amount Of Receipts
duriur the year, s2536.55S,lO ,
Balance in the Treasury on
the 18th Of Nov. l649, 555,435.4O 3
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12

3.O9l.s93,sO 6
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1850-12-12

There is one other feature Of this
matter, which, according TO the pres
ent law, seems TO require some at
tention. The law requires, that be-
fore a person having a family can be
admitted as a state patient. that il
shall be shown that his property, az
ter deducting debts, is worth less
than one thousand dollars. Ii msy
with great propriety be asked, why
compel any one to pay for going INTO
his own housed Has not the whole
property Of the State been taxed TO
build the house, and do not all pay
in proportion 10 their property for
its support Take a case, and one
which may occur to thousand fam
lies under the present law: the head
of family is admitted to the lnstitu-
ton, and the family left TO support
themselves, and raise money TO
pay the expenses Of their afflicted
head. In two years the whole OF the
little property will be expended; the
Iunatic may be discharged as incura-
ble, and returned upon the hands OF
the family, palsied for the want OF
the little means which has been ex-
hausted in this effort to restore him
TO health. Or he may be discharged
as recovered, to sink again under the
accumulated pressure OF loss OF prop
erty. and a family in want. In two Of
The annual reports ofthe Directors, this
subject has been pressed upon the Leg