The North-Carolina standard., 1850-02-06

deny that the French and the German, the most en-
llghtened of the continental nations of Europe are
capable of freedoms stoutly maintain that the negro is
the negro, who has never any where, when left to
himself gotten up to the respectable state of bar
barism which all the other races have attained, not
even excepting Indians in Mexico and Peru.
While the people of the northern States and the
negroes have been benefited, not prepared to ad-
init that the South (f injured at ally has suffered
generally supposed. The influx Of foreign emgrants
and some other circumstances to which will pres
emily advert, have in some respects put the North
greatly ahead. But if you deduct the foreign popu-
1ation which goes chiefly 10 the North-the little we
get not being equal to that portion of peo-
pie who 60 to the northwestern States-if you de-
duct this, say, it will be found that the white pop
9atlon OF all the slavehodng States has increased
comfortable condition of our population, if there had
been emigration from abroad, the descendants of
our portion of the American white family would be
more numerous than the northern. Nor is it true
that we are the poorer on the contrary, if to
take the valuations of property in different States
as assessed by the public officers, it appears that the
siaveholdng States much richer in proportion to
their population than the free. Even if you exclude
the negroes as property. and count them in the popu
Iaton, appears that the citizens of Virginia-the
oldest OF the slave Statesare richer per head than
the citizens of any of the free States. 1t will
also appear that the saveholding States have vastly
less pauperism and crime than the northern States.
Looking, therefore, at all these different elements,
VIZ increase OF pOpulduOn, more Wealth. ana
less poverty and crime, have to regard
people as prosperous and happy.
Sir, have not, for want of time gone into details
on these points, but contented myself with the state
ment of those general views which every candid in
quirer will, am satisfied, find to be do not
seek to make comparisons that might be regarded
nvidious, unless by way of defence against habtual
attacks on us; but regard it right to say this
occasion, that whether considered with reference to
the physical comfort of the people, or high state of
mi OPn nPvafn afod coofh and
of all generous emotions, have reason to believe
that higher state Of civilization either exists
| elsewhere, has existed at any time in the past,
than is presented by the southern States of the
Union.
When we look to foreign countries, these views are
confirmed and sustained. Brazil, with population
of two slaves to freeman, is the most prosperous
of the South American States, and the only
which has stable political system. Cuba is great
in advance of the other West India islands, though
st. Domingo and Jamaica equaled her before the
emancipation Of their slaves. Besides the expense of
maintaining her government at home, Cuba pays
Spain revenue of nearly fourteen millions. This is
greater sum for her population than two hundred
millions would be for the United States. Gould our
people, in addition to the expense of our State gov
ernmens, pay six times much as the Federal Gov
ernment has ever yet raised by impost and taxes! !!
That Cuba should be able to bear this burden and
still prosper, is evidence of the high productveness
! of the system.
In spite, however, of these great facts, which ought
to strike all impartial minds, the of the North
has been constantly aggressive this question. The
ordinance of 1857. adopted cotemporancously with
the Constitution made the territory north of the Ohio
free, and left the south of that river savehodng, Civ
ing the North than half of all the existing ter
ritory. When Louisiana was acquired, slavery could
legally exist In every part of 1t. The State OF Mis-
souri,, having formed republican constitution pro-
posed to come into the Union, but the North resisted
her application Though her constitution recognising
slavery was precisely like those of majority of the
old States, yet they, against all constitutional princ
pies because they had the power in one branch of
Congress- obstnatey refused her admission, until it
was provided by act of Congress that other slave
State should exist north of 500 80. By that means
after leaving the South only territory for single
State, (Arkansas,) they acquired enough in extent to
make ten or fifteen large States. Now, encouraged
by their former success, and having become relatively
stronger, they claim the whole of the territory.
Should We give way, what is TO be the result!
California, Oregon, New Mexico, Deseret, and Min
| nesota, will come into the Union in less than five
years. giving the North clear majority of ten OF f
teen votes in the Senate. The census of the coming
year will, under the new apportionment give them
nearly two to one in the House. With immense
controlling maorities in both branches, will they not
at by act Of Congress, abolish slavery in the
States Mr. Adams, who, in his day, controlled
northern opinion this question: said that there were
twenty provisions of the Constitution which, under
certain circumstances would give Congress the pow
er. Would not this majority find the power as easi-
they have done in their State Legislatures where
they have complete sway, to nuify the provision OF
the Constitution for the protection of fugitive slaves
Have not prominent northern politicians Of the high
position and the greatest influence, whose names
are we'll known to all gentlemen this floor, already
declared that there is nothing in the Constitution Of
the United States which obstructs or ought to OBJ
sruct the abolition Of slavery, by Congress. in the
States! Supposing, however, this should not occur
in twenty years or less, without new acquisitions of
territory, they would get the power by the coming
in of new free States, to amend the Constitution for
that pdrpose. But l have no doubt sir, that other
acquisitions of territory will be made. Probably,
after the next Presidential election shall get that
part of Mexico which lies along the Gulf as far as
Vera Cruz; and from which, though we'll suited to
the profitable employment Of slave labor, we should
be excluded, nevertheless, by the adoption of the
principle that slavery should not be extended in area
Conceding. however, that am wrong in both these
suppositions, and that Congress would neither violate
expect? Slavery is to be kept, they say, where it
now is; and to be surrounded with free States
These States not only prohibit the introduction OF
slaves, butalso of free negroes into their borders. OF
course the whole negro population is to be hereafter
confined to the territory OF the present fifteen slave
amount to eight millions, and in fifty years
to fifteen millions. However dense the population
might become the negroes will not be gotten away,
but the wealthier portion Of the white population Il
mean such as were able to enigrate) would leave
the territory. The condition of the South would, for
time, be that of Ireland and soon by the destruction
of the remnants of the white population, become that
of St. Domingo. There are those now living who
would probably this state of things but it would
be certain to overake our children OF grandchildren
These facts staring in the face as distinctly as
the sun in the heavens at noon-day. Northern men
not only admit it, but constantly in their public
speeches avow it to be their papose produce this
very state of things. If we express alarm at the