The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-09-29

given them fall titles and legislation has coniormed
70 lhai and thus remeded the evil where Il existed under
the laws determining the evidences which were required
by the previous government Now, desire 10 call The
attention Of the Senate Ter moment 10 the history 81
this matter OF mines in this county In the hrs place,
we gauaed and reserved the mines 70 The lands TO be sold
in the grants That system abolished, because il
was found inconvenen, nexped.ent and almost impos
sibIe 10 manage them We had our lead mines in Ms.
and subsequently, they were discovered 70 Wsccn
SIN and Illinois. which proved TO be very valuable de-
posites OF minerals Here we began with sysem am.
liar 70 the present. BY granting permits and thenhese
IN me e s 81 Ba ss il sse 81
stances we have found il necessary 10 abolish the
leasing or permit system, because u was found i'm.
practicable 10 carry II out, and Improbable 10 the
government. When the discovery was made Of he
copper mines upon Lake Superior, we provided for
precisely lbe same system OF pursuits, then leasing.
were found by the State Of Michigan and the other
States to be in derogaton OF the rights OF those States
because the general government were compelled BY the
leasing system 10 establish enantIy over the public
lands, and held all the lands prohibiting the State from
taxing them, and yet compelling those States, for the
purpose OF maintaining order, to undergo material
pense Not an acre could be taxed, while the mnen
We're TO be thrown under the direction OF the States and
there authority and no means by which The
treasury Of the United States could be approached
obtain compensation tor the great expense
In the year 1S45 think. this matter underwent inves.
tgation in the Land Department and then BY Congress-
and the whole system was abolished The agents
dismissed, all except upon the Lake Superior coun.
try whose recommendation is also 10 abolish the sys
TEN Think that he ought also to be dismissed But
the statistics show that we never made or the benefit
Of the treasury, anything from our old mining system
which became complicated SO that i was impossible
manage il. II was in derogation OF The rights OF the
States, as claimed BY them, q AL events and i was
system that must be abandoned. will not take the
time now to 20 into the details OF the history Of these
matters But wish TO call the attention Of the Senate
70 an objection which experience has shown g belong
ing certain rights and giving others 70 the purchaser and
attempting TO gauge them under system OF that kind
undertake @ cay that me history o. o.nsr government
arbitrary which 10 required to gauge country Of this
description than il can ever be possible TO exert ~ this
country There are difficulties which have occurred that
limit the mining system in mines where. ii not imprac-
cable. il is certainly highly objectionable 10 our gov.
eminent am fully persuaded that we can only manage
ss public lands y adopting Ts ana . q
public lands at minimum prices, and carrying Out the
principle we now have, which all that necessary for
purposes OF government do not believe is possible
for us adopt system OF mining and In that way man
age the public lands.
Having said thus much upon the system which we are
to adopt ii pass this BILL will call the attention oil
the Senate directly the application Of these principles
to the bill Il do not think we can manage the public
lands in this way. The senator from Missouri 70 per-
iec,ly correct in his view Of this matter Now 81. this
bill subject to all the objections which have beene
perenced, and to which have referred, in attempts Of
this kind.
II Is said, however. that il is temporary exped
en thai be so, then would inquire, in the 6rst place,
what is the evil which wish to remedy. and then
what measures we should adopt commensurate with that
evil, and tending directly to remedy u II 4 be tempo.
rary, should evidently go further for the present.
But very soon we must adopt permanent system That
would undoubtedly be adopted at the present session
had time for the committee or the Senate 70 mature
SYSTEM and adjust it with sufficient care and sufficient
wisdom to be permanent system in managing the lands
in California What, them is the evil that we propose 70
remedy Why sir, the miners go upon the land in Cal
fornia, and occupy il wherever they please. They pos
the right, they the right, and ii s not in
terered with al all by the general government Of going
upon the public lands and occupying any portion they
please converting the mineral products to their own use
The consents to the OF the public domains
and, sir. objection to il. think i Just hiatt
should be until permanent system shall be Adopted
But there il DANGER Think, adopting system so broad
this because the evil to which refer does not seen
to require il for the mere temporary purposes con-
iempated, tor which Il Is necessary 70 provide Inc pI
] Mr. GWIN Only six. essa 3e
. Mr. FELCH. believe it altered yesterday to six
So the bill provides for the payment Of six agents. iogrh
er with superintendent The salaries OF these ON.
cers, believe, changed somewhat yesterday. and
were somewhat increased II think.
Mr. GWlN. Only giving them ten cents q mile for
Mr. FELCH We give these officers, then. in the ars
place. salary, and In the next place we give them rae
Tor travelling The salaries 10 be about w. 900 per an
nnmn together with per cent on the amount accounted
for aud yesterday ten cents mile for travel an
not ianiliar with the amendment which was made ye
ierday, and il state il incorrectly hope may be cor
recied Under the bill II reported 10 the Senate
originally provides for the expense of salaries oil
gas 900 year. besides the travelling expense, which
would amount to large sum. OF course. then, the
not diminished BY the amendment yes
lerday. tast tlt3 ut sa4a aiytaW4 t..3H
But another amendment was made yesterday which
requires that there should be surveys Of the Locations
under purmts which would require person in the
public employment TO make these surveys Well. cir lbe
very idea OF making surveys, scattered as they are over
The mineral lands in California. IS which carries with
i the idea of large expenditure OF the public mooy
know il is provided in this bill that the compenson
shall be returned TO the treasury BY way Of paying Tor me
permits which TO be granted; but sr. for mere TEN
poray purpose, would il not be better allow every In
iividua who digs gold TO do he does without
paying anything the government Would II not be less
expense to this government 10 allow IT, al least until me
next session OF Congress, when, | trust this whole
cd and not now 10 put into operation great machinery
as this think can never adopt this system pema-
neny. think IL will be found necessary iof TINS
government TO make the sales Of those lands as they 90
now with regard TO other lznds think will be unjust
% burden the treasury with the large amount o.
unjust 10 compel the persons who dig gold TO pay
The amount provided for in this bill for the PERMITS
in the aggregate, stated by senator
IN this floor yesterday, MIR. ATcHIsoH.l 10 some
SJ00,O00. Why, SIR, we 10 tax the mining Interest
Of that couary for the purpose Of compelling them opv
hazardous business, and will not bring 90 great re
as would appear At FIRST sight The mining
business does not bring in 10 the persona engaged IN
greater amount OF money than Is made BY en-
ragged In other pursuits--n agricultural or mechanical
empIoymenis Taking the hazsrds altogether, believe
hese persons who 70 10 California for the purPo~d
gging gold are no more able 10 pay 2oo Or $500 h.9
his proposition 10 intended for the purpose Of bringing
money into the treasury, il would be unjust The mnen