Lewisburg chronicle. [volume] (Lewisburg, Pa.) 1850-1859, 1850-06-26

II the excessive hot weather occurs at an
early period of the filling out of the grain.
and continues two, three, or four days, the
wheat is usually "slruck" with "black
rust,' (,he rust within that lime generally
becoming dark colored,) and the grain
is then. mos, commonly, very much
shrunk. The injury done 10 the crop Is
in proportion TO the redundancy Of sap and
tie degree of heat. Any person having
good eyesishl can, at the proper season,
see the whole process without a lens,
or magnifi.ing glass. observed it close.
ly, with and withou, lens, many consec-
u'lve years, during which lime my wheat
was very much injured, and sometimes al.
most destroyed, by rust. My land was in
good condition and well cultivated. was
then in the habit Of sowing plaster on such
Of NY heat fields as had seeded with
clover, for The purpose Of making the clo-
yer seed take well. 1t had the desired ef.
fec, upon the clover; bu, after several years
Of experience and observation, | discovered
tha, the plaster caused a superfuous growth
Of straw with a redundancy of sap, which,
with very hot weather nearly destroyed
my crops of " heat, Since have aband-
oned the practice Of sowing plaster, have
had but little rusty wheat, and " wha, have
had was on black muck soil. The inter.
vale lands (swsles) frequently produce rus
~ wheat, because the richness Of the soil
IN them. and consequent excess Of sap in
The straw, when The up'ands produce " hea,
tree from rust. TIE latter not having so
much black muck, or vegetable mold,ln lis
composition, produces less straw and less
sap in the sap vessels of the plant. More
ar less rust, however, is found a'mos; eve
ry year, in the swales, where the coiiness
of the sol! re,ards the growth OF the plant
IN the early part of the season ; and when
he warm weather causes "a rank and rap
ID growth OF the straw, the sap vessels are
Of course very tender, and more liable TO
oe ruptured by the heat. Late sown wheat
IS very liable 10 be rusled, because it comes
10 maturity so late in the season, that the
weather is oflentimes excessively hot he.
| fore il can be harvested.
As 10 The means Of prevention, know
% none which can be relied on as specific.
Preparations of the seed. by means OF
lime. salt, copperas, &c., &c. are worse
Than useless, being expensive, !aborious,
and sometimes (as with arseuic) dangerous.
1t is evident ,ha, such preparations can b'
Of no ell, Ct in preventing the superabund
! ance of sap, nor The excessive heat, which
are the causes Of rust. The land should b.
10 good condition that is, sufficiently bu'
aoi excessively rich. The seed should BE-
Sown as early as it can be done safely On
account of the IIessian fly, which, it is wei
known, is usually ready in the autumn IL
ieposit lis nit. or egg, upon the very early
,own grain. II, VIXEN v heat is beco"iina
! rapidly rusty, the grains are more than
| ha grown, i, is best 10 cut il Immediately,
| ,n!ess cooler weather mukes it unnccessn-
y. L cot i, should lay in swath about halt
, day, more or less,so as 10 cure II i'''e,
ha' it may may not become mus.y IN the
heat. After lille driving in swalh, il
should be raked and bound, and put up IN
% shocks, in uhich situation il should he
left Unit! dry enough to be pu, in the barn.
1t will be much less injured in the swaih
aud in shocks. than il left standing uncut,
because nearly eli the straw will be in The
shade, the rupture OF the larger portion Of
the sap vessels by heat will be prevented,
and the grains " Ill be better filed out he
side, the air in The field is always very
much cooler alier the grain is cut, Than ii
aas before. II tie grains are not fully
half grown, the wheat can not be advanta-
geously cu., as IN that case the straw with /
ers suddenly, and the grains will not fll |
out much. if any.-CJ. II. II. l-Genesee
Ea-n,a,