The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-06-11

"A
California, singly aud not conjoined with other
measures. The Senator had changed, he had
right 10 change, but he Mr. b. had right not To
follow him. He did not believe IN either the rea-
cons given on this union OF measures by the COM
nttee their report, or in the speeches made be-
fore that committee was raised
He believed the Territories of Utah and New Mex
leo should be provided with governments, and con-
sidered il rcproach upon Congress, that those go
yernments have not been provided; but he did not
consider them objects of superior consideration
lie maintained that California was entitled to con-
sideration far beyond the Territories.
The committee reported these measures in one
bill, all conjoined into one act, and recommend
that, us a general measure of compromise, they be
passed together. But suppose they we're all reject
ed together, il was impossible such bill could
BE- passed, what would become of the measuress
w hat would become of California If they were all
rejected together? The Senator blamed him three
months ago for delaying the admission OF Califor-
MIA because he opposed the appointment OF the
committee. II this measure were rejected as il
doubtless would be, and another month passed over
without any thing being done for California, who
would be to blame for delaying her! would not
ask the Senator from Kentucky TO answer the ques-
ton, because the humanity of the law exempts
man from answering questions which may crimi-
nate himself.
Mr.. CLAY said he asked no protection OF that
kind.
| MIR. BENTON said, whether he did did not,
| the law compelled him to receive its advantages.
| He argued that the union of these measures
| cause it calculated to force those who were
| friends of California either to vote for this bill or
against her admission. He said that there were
those who were friends OF California, who were OPP
posed any territorial bills others who were for
| territorial bills with other appendages; others who
had constitutional scruples on some OF the points,
| and others who under Instructions all these
were called upon To vote against California or vote
in violation of their sentiments, their constitutional
scruples, and their Instructions. He pronouncedlt
an open, avowed case of coercion OF votes, coer-
Give legislation. He examined the equivalents TO
California, mentioned III the report of the commit
tee, and said they were frivolous.
| The next load upon California was the multia-
rous questions growing out Of the subject of Texas
and her boundary, and the points involved OF free
territory and slave territory. He thought that if
California took all these, she would be in the con-
diiion in which Jonah would have been had he, in
stead Of being swallowed by the whale, swallowed
the whale himself.
| He examined the report on the subject of
the proposed boundary Of Texas, and said that
one error of the committee was, that 1t as
suned that there was difficulty existing be-
tween Texas and New Mexico There was no
such thing. New Mexico was no party. Her ter
ritory was the property OF the United States, and
the difficulty was between Texas and the United
States and was to be settled by them. The case
was one Of which the Supreme Court had original
jurisdiction, and the United States had the power
and the right to bring Texas into court, even with
out her consent
He urged that the proposed compact in the bill
10 be made with Texas if she consents TO it, held the
fate Of California in suspense. Ii part of the
com promise that this proposal should be made to
Texas and 1t was to be passed with the other parts
of the compromise. This gave Texas-a single
State of the Cnon-thc power to veto the admission
Of California. II not, why was it in the same bill!
II the whole was not TO stand and fall, sink and
swim together, why was this introduced into the
hill at all?
He then examined the boundary line proposed by
the committee and said that, if it adopted as
the northern boundary of Texas, it would take
the flank Of what was New Mexico as laid down
anciently. He cited Humboldt and other writers,
and also various maps TO show the ancient bounda-
res Of New Mexico; also to show that the territory
cut of by the line proposed by the committee was
the ancient pasture grounds, and also that therein
| was the region whence the inhabitants of New
Mexico obtained their salt.
lie then alluded TO the subject of slavery, and
said that his early principles upon the subject of the
necessities al two races dwelling together, aud up
on the doctrine OF emancipation were derived from
reading Virginia authority. The principles formed
in early life he still maintained. He was opposed
10 innicting any evil upon any people which could
not be remedied. He opposed to extending
slavery 10 those who have il not.
He was In favor Of giving Territorial govern
menis 10 Utah and New Mexico. He considered
they should have had protection long since. The
people Of New Mexico have suffered more from
OF protection since the time Of the treaty than
they ever did during any three years under Mexi-
can rule. But he considered the committee had
not advanced the prospect Of government for
them. They clog one Territory with the other;
they clog California with both, and then clog all
three with Texas.
The committee had also reported two smaller bills
which were dangling at the tail Of this compromise
lie would not now discuss them. They were not
under consideration though they formed part OF the
-chemc which was 10 be taken a whole under the
penalty (not however suggested by the committed
Of being gazetted enemies 10 compromise, and OF
being played by the organs. One Of these organs
was sadly out Of tune was cracked and dslointed
bat still they called upon 10 dance to its mu-
sic This old organ, which was not very good in il
best days, and whose piping has become so discord-
ani from having played 80 long the four "f's"-
" Fifty Four Forty or Fight'-is wholly out o.
order and wanting Ia harmony-still calls upon
them 10 dance 90 IL music. II IL now cracked and
presents wounds more gaping than those pointed
dance 10 such music.
lie had compromise 10 make ON the slavery
question. The compromises were TO be found In
the Constitution. II his slave escaped he had q
right TO follow him and capture him. The Const
tuition recognized slavery ne property. IL gave IL
three-fiith representation. These were constitu
tional guarantees. lie wanted no others; and h'
would yield none Oft these. There could be no com
promise this subject. lie considered that thu
votes on the four propositions, submitted by hin
some time since, relating 10 slavery IN the States
the slave trade between the States slavery in thu
forts arsenas, dockyards, kc., and slavery in thin
District. the best evidence that Of thes'
constitutional rights were In danger.
The balls which have been taken by this commit.
tee and CoulOined into compromise, had been al
ready before the Senate before this committed
went out The California hill, the bills giving ter
ritorial governments " Utah aud New Mexico, bsc
been reported by the Chairman Of the Committee
Territories long before this committee went out
The bin respecting fugitive slaves had been report
ed early in the session by the Committee the Ju
doiary portion of that part Of the bill relating q
Texas bad been introduced by himself They were
all on The tables II the Senators. II vas said tba
by any other would smell sweet
This did not hold good In this respect These bills
when laid the tables Of Senators, did not, 4
would appear, smell al ALL they did not reach th'
Ofaciorics of the nation az all But thin
grand committee took them up, and their adopted
father placed them together, then they became
something great, and the vhole nation experience
their odOr. lie did not know how this could be az
: counted for. 10 could not understand II. lie wal
, a rcsdng man, and re "a the papers, particularly
the Advertisements. Hc would call the attention o
, the ScBate 90 an extract from am advertisement o
old Dr. Jacob Townaend's sarraparilla. would
he remembered that there was q young DIR. Town
send, who also manufactured sarsaparilla balsam
They both extracted from the root, yet Their
wa great difference between their syrups.
The Old doctor proceeds in his advertisements q
give the reason iOr this Nc n. then read
tract from the advertisement u DR.. Townsend
which Wa -ousthing 10 thu following eject