The Charlotte journal. [volume] (Charlotte, N.C.) 1835-1851, 1850-08-21
.7G RICUL TURF II.
49,
60
From the American Former.
Composition Of and Nutrition
i'm. various Grains.

interest IN the economy anu supF"t VI ah"s'
life, We mike the following extracts from the
able work of professor John p. Norton. en-.
,,l,d, Eiemenis of Scientific Agriculture"
just published;
"W hea, is one OF the mos, important Of
oil crops. The grain contains from % 10 40
per cent of S,atch, from 10 10 90 per cent Of
gluten, and from TO 5 per cent, Of fatty mat
ter. Tae proportion Of gluten, is SAID to be /
the larses. in he gram Of quite warm couu'
tries.
/, is a singular fact, tina, in all the seed of
wheat, aud other grains, the principle part OF
The oil liesuesr, or IN the skin, as also does
large portion OF the gluten. The bfan owes
to this much OF lis nutri,ivc and fa.tening
qualities. Thus 10 refining our iiour to the
utmost possible extent, We diminish somewhat
its value for fool. The phosphalcs Of the
ash s'sn lie TO a s'ea, degree in the skln.-
The best 6ne 4 ,ur contains about 20 lbs, OF
S,arch in each bundled The residue Of the
100 lbs. consists Of 10 or II lbs. Of glutln, 9
to 8 lbs. OF water, and little OIL"
RYE -four more nearly resembles cheat
en- flour in its composition than any other; Il
has however. more Of certain gunmy and
suga.y substances, which make it tenacious,
and also impar swedish taste. In baking
all grains and roots which have much starch
in them, a certain change takes place in their
chemical composition. s-s By baking, n ,ut
becomes more nutritious, end more easily
dges'bls, be caese more soluble"
Barley contains rather less starch than
wheat, also less sugar and gum. There is 9
little slulea. bat substance somes hat like II
and containing about the same amount Of n,
,roeen."
"Os'meal is htle used ss food in this coun-
try. but j. is equal If not superior IN its nu.
triiious qualities to flour from any of the other
grains superior have no doubt, TO mos, Of
tho foe wheaton -four Of northern lat,itudes.
II contains from 10 10 is per cent, OF body
having abou, the same amount oil nitrogen or
gluten. Besides this there 10 a considerable
quantity 1 sugar and gun. and from > to 6
per cent of OIL OF fatty matter, which may be
obtained 10 the form Ct clear fragrant liquid.
Oatmeal then, has no, only an abundance oil
substance containing nitrogen, bn. il also quite
fatteuius. Its 10 short All excellent food for
working animals. a,d as has been a5uudantly
!, proved in Scotland, for working men aiso."
Buck wheat il less nulriliocs than Tho 9th
has from ) to 0 per cent. OF nutrosenous con.
pounds, about so per cent. OF s arch. and from
) to Of sugar and gum. speaking Of buck
:. whea, or oats, We Of course mean WITHOUT
husks.
Rice WAS formerly supposed to contain
little nitrogen, bu, recen, examinations hay,
:. shown tha. there is considerable portion, somt
6 OF per cent, Of substance like gluten. -
+. The percentage of fatty matter and of suga
-, il cutie small, but that Of starch much large
:. than 10 any grain yet mentioned, being be
: tween 50 and 80 pat cent, usually about 50.
:. "ludlan Com is tie last of grains that v,
shall notice, This contains about 60 per cent
! Of starch, nearly the saae as oais. The pro
= portion Of OIL and gum "a large, about | 0 pc
! cent; this explains the falienng propertie
Of IuGian meal, so well knoan TO practice
=, men. There is besIdes these, g1od proper
=, ten Of sugar. The heterogeneous substance
:. are blso considerable 10 quantity, sOme IL t
). 6 per cent. All OF these statements are iron
. The prlzs essay Of MIR. j. IL. Salisbury, pub
:, ii.hed by the New Yoik State Agriculture
>. Society. They SHOW that the result Of Eu
:. ropesu chemists, hitherto published, hav
ID probably been obtained by the examination {
a, varieties inferior TO ours they have not place
70 indian corn much above the level OF buck v hes
or rice. Whereas, from the above, i, is see
10 be IN mos, respects superior TO any o,he
grain"
ne "Sweet Com differs from oil other ware
81 ties, Continuing only about Is per cent.
I'D starch. The amoun, If sugar is Of coutu
.. quite large The heterogeneous substances amour
:, TO the very large proportion of about 20 Pc
il cent, Of gum to - or IA, and Of oil TO abo,
on IL. THIS, from the above results, is one
es Tho mos, noutlshng crops grown. If i, ca
- bs mafa 10 yield as much per acre 90 I'll
no harder varieties, /, 10 we'll worthy Of trl
81. on large scal,."