New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1850-02-12
FROM WASHINGTON.
Free Navigation OF the ~. Lawrence Becipro-
caI Trade with Canada.
Correspondence Of The Tribune.
L : HorEI WILMINGTON saluldsv Fob

Correspondence
L. : HcTFL, WAsBfSGToS Saturday Feb 9
The project Of opening the - Lawrence, that
lnishtest food IN North America 10 the free
commerce of other eight millions Of people
on aud near the eastern shores Of the great
lakes and western boundary Of the Republic
OF allowing ships laden with the products
Of the great event TO pass down through the
Welland aad the 81 Lawrence Canals and to
deliver their Congress in New York, Boston. Lon
don, Liverpool, Bremen and san Francisco is not
new 1t was most favOrabiy entertained by JoHN
QUINCY ADAMS and HENRY CLAY, when IA power
informally considered at Client IN 1914, has been
often dscvssed SINCE and IS low placed IN the
torn OF a bill, IN charge Of the Committee on Com
Ineroe OF the United States Senate. Senator DorG
LASS OF Illinois introduced the measure yesterday,
coupled in the Messrs GRINNELL and DIS Re
ciprocity Bill Of 1850 snd ii was read twice aud
committed
1t isnot my purpose to make any remarks upOnth
expediency OF uniting Reciprocity and the -
Lawrence navigation. nor upon their tendency
1t will be seen that Mr. DouGLAss restricts the re
ciprocity to Canada, so that Nova Scotia would, Gs
now, be unable TO sond her coal to compete freely
with that of Pennsylvania New Brunswick New
fOunIlnnt.
containing 20 900 inhabitants are also omitted.
a Convention, it viii be recoec,cd, was held ~
Halifax last year about this question OF recipTuCly
and Nova Scotia aud Newfoundland. Il Is under
stood, objected to giving the people OF the nted
States ia addition to the deep sea iisleres, secured
TO them by treaty, equal rights with themselves IN
fishing close the shore in small boats as that Was
not in their Judgment an exchange OF Prodne's
but n giving upci their only employment and me ans
of subsistence fishers bciuc generally poor ana
inhabiting a cold. severe climate. Indeed be-
hevc they sent delegates TO the ha'i"x Con
veniion when they perceived that Us object was {"
interfere with their mode Of obtaining hvelihooJ
and thus the negotiation was Drokenup Tue deep
sea fishery, chiefly IN the hands OF ; seaman' d
am not mistaken, 10 best fitted Tor school ~ which
TO form thoroughbred seamen.
On comparing Senator DOUGLASS bui with Mr.
GRlNsrLr's. find that he has added sugar Hemp
Stone, and I suppose he means mdn"tGc'wSdI
marble. to the latter list of free eNchangesbe ari
oes This he did. probably with view OF Obtain
ing a free entry into Canada OF the Sugar OF Lou
isisna the Hemp % Kentucky, and the Marble 81
Vermont and Of introducing into certain United
States frontier ports the building stone OF Canada
How tar the loss of the duty now charged on
Sugar IA Canada, which has no equivalent Co send
into the United States except few pounds made
from the sap OF the maple unless, indeed maple
alone is meant by the Senator which 90 not sup
pose)--how far the loss would affect the means
whereby Canada pays the interest On her >2iOoo
900 OF public debt, chiefly contracted GA account oi
the 81 Lawrence and other Canals | am mol pre-
pared 10 say
The bill provides that American vessels shall pass
up aud down, through the w eand and 81 Law
renee Canals, but il does not extend 10 the SHIP
Canal now ia progress between the Lakes aud
the Missssippi-it gives the Canadian who resldes
opposite Buffalo, power TO visit New orr
with his produce, carried on the Ere Canal, III ms
own vessesit makes no provision or su0wnS
al ~
that NAV be cut % as Ia avoid the straits Of -
Mary Details however, could be easily ar
ranged.
do not at this moment remember whether ihe
Legislature Of Canada has the power expressly
conceded 81 1t to concede Ia tins country the nee
navigation of the 81. Lawrence, but thiuk that II
has The bill limits the arrangement, made e.
some indefinite time. making 1t nominal! repea.
able by Congress | say nominal, for, II such hu
rs the following were 20 pass into law, great N
terests would be generated under It which coDld
only be interiered with, at such crisis and under
such circumstances, as induced and enabled JkF
PERSON to lay ON his embargo IN sos.
Here is the bil, taken verbatim inan the Sena-
tor manuscript:
BA 70 Prcssls oy tAs Nasisaf,oa Of ~. ~ Lac
Be enacted By The Senate and House af Represents
lives fhe United States II America Ccngr,
sS nlv Authorized Sy the Government Of eirsi BS,ysS
shall confe: upon the enfens OF the ated States Amen
tn under lie American asg, the privilege Of using and
nsvtsstnr the River 81 Lawrence, together with the
wS,ers including the Canals connecting The Upper Lakes
with he Atlantic Oceaa ;hrough sad River on Al equal Not
ms an In accordance with the regulations which EoN exist
rshxn be hereafter established FOR the use and Navigation
~ the same bv the Inhabitants OF Canada and snos
Great Srsan and whenever the President q The ue
Sses hal issue his proclamation The aceles here
inaer emu nesied being 81 he growth Or poucnoa OF NC
United Statss 10 be admitted into the ffovree o. Nos
6y law nee Of duty then and amer thai day uns ohet
VIE drvcea ky Congress the Ike srtclrs being he
growth OF production Of said Province OF IsnsdS SPA *
admitted into the United States tree OF duty hen inporeS
direct from said Province long the said enuarfaeS
articles admitted into sad Province OF VansdA liNu ~
rnsled S;aea, frce OF duty. 10 Wit.
Ss..as 81 al kss Nsres5es, rus Ses
ua.. Ess.s Wool Butter Sss, Cheess Tow, Horns SSs
fresA Heo's O-s 81 al Ads u Ne,aS Asaes tn'e he
Had New Brunswick been included. the Maine
lunberers would have probably grumbled, but the
Concession Of free navigation Of the rivers canals
aud great lakes for Maine shipping, might stu
have prodaced favorable feeling IN that state
Can the bin be said % include the navigation Of
rafsi
confess that feel some anxiety 10 see the
view which The T,7bwRe VIII take OF these mo
mentous questions Were the st Lawrence thus
opened TO the commerce and shipping OF the United
states. would il be longer closed 10 the trade o.
~ner nations direct, with places on the uver and
great lakes, IN their own shipping or would that
soononsl concession most probably become sub
!scs Of distinct and separate negotiation! ~