Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1850-02-15

OF such cesson, the people must be, as sait
before, da,W; there is no other phrase tha
Will express their condition, Mexico can hay,
no contrsl over them, they have NJ politca
organization. Ii we have no Legislative pow
err over them, they are without law, without
government possessing no political sovereign
" OF their own, and subject to no iuri, diction
The result, then, Of cession from Mexico t
the United States is to make them ndcpend
ent Of both Powers, and place them Devon,
the reach Of Legislation and Of legal protection
They must, from the necessity of the case
adopt an organic llion AMI legislate for them
selves ana when they do this, not under on
authority but by force of an inherent RICH, o
self-government, they become ipSo ticto indie
PENDENT; anc tho public domain residing il
the sovereignty of the State, as the source o
all title, attaches to this new Independent
sovereignty, and thus our title to the land is OK
tlnc'. Sir, by the express terms of the const
tuition we are authorized to mako rules and re O.
ulatlonS tor the government of the Territories
Bat 1t Is said we can regulate our lands, bat
we cannot regulate the people. Sir, what
kind Of regulation would that be What
sort OF regulation is that which regulates an
inaniHate object only, but is binding upon
nolhiGg misunderstanding the land but not the
people NO inhnbit it
II you make regulations with respect to your
land, you must regulate the modi OF acquiring
title and the mode Of transferring title. Yuu
must nave some law in rel tllon to these matters,
/ Tor you can have 10 title As mere owners OF the
| land without some law to support it. Your law
must regulate the people living upon the land.
| II disputes arise between you and some of your
tenants YOU must have some law tn regulate
! those disputes and you must have some tribunal
/ to decide them you must also have some eXect-
| tive power To carry those decisions into effect.
| know not how you are to administer law in a
region where there is no law and no tribunals
| Tor adIntlcatlor, and no executive officers to en-
| force DEGREES. Without these agencies any
regulations that You may make are nugatory
and useless, and your acquisition of territory is
vaIneIesS. You cannot control your land un-
less You have legislation, nor unless You have
executive and judicial authority sompWherc,-
| Wei, sir, when you hav, these three branches
you then have the outline at least of political
government. 1t is impossible to proceed one
step to any practical purpose, in my judgment,
in regulating the territories, unless Won have
not only tie form but the essentials uf govern
men'. When you have established regulations
tor the acquisition and transfer of titles, you
have entered upon legislation. When you have
created an executive and a Judiciary You have
assumed political power Where. then, is the
"''0' yes you down 10 any partlcu-
"a 9"oJ VI P"'!lo"'aF course OF IeSlsatlon
,,'e,e any l''l'' TO yonr power out the Il nit
~ t'" - Si'''o" ana SOUND legislative
to make rules and regulations respectin the
territory OF the United States carries with it lcr
lsIatve political power! And is in not further
apparent That without that accompaniment the
power conferred by the constitution is impo-
tent?
H., ~ al" no' disposed to occupy the time of
';'o I I upon t"'S point. have had occa-
s'oI' n''V'o'o'e TO express my views more for
m,' - uni AZ '''ge' II regard TO H. and | am
IVY Nv" "oou' ~ repeat tnem put wish to
a.; ao'i,e 4"eS,.o"7' runner Tor the purpose OF
.n'', 'la''o,'' 1t Is sdId mat we can regulate
no terrHory' Qor territory means
''"u l.oul 'i'a' we cannot regulate the Peo-
ppe |Por IT, VOW 'he very hrst step is to have
tne Idhu surveyed and offered for sale. The
oo'eru''lehI issues It's patent. The patentee
vi az '""es Possess'on nf the land, and
I, w ',c ''Ne' Possesslon Is he indepen-
Nv, Li W Su"' u"Ne'"'"e"' Is ne sovereign
':,,';,', D., "e' ny n'ih1eI!' "PnlHcm
T e., lauglI. lie sets you at de-
VII ,,,ha, "s aug" ,'"u aS ne peaSeS.-
';r, d,, ".,'' ''c w." 70 10 are you 10 drive
noso Won rr,,, " VIC Va ot!et hnl sup
land ~ sa',,iJ p'.'n. VI u'e auJolhh9
and con.r,,,,J, ,''. w." Ia gu no oaEohr''
men y6at * io ndono9 W VJtm'fI lIoSe ,"o
.,i,l, n 'I' = ~ oc ""'c Nny' suppose ,heY
the sovereignty of the countrv and To o,,, ,o
land. Won have no constitutional no,yor to in,,r-
fere in the CONTROVERSY. and Won must ,r,or't,n,
make your obeisance TO these two inJiyiduaI,
holding under your own paient. in rho cb,r,c,or
OF mediator between these two hostile .c,,a,,,,,
miles," Sir will not follow tbo snbisc, an,
further. | sunno,e. Mr.. President ,hS nro,i,
ions contained in our constitution vera Inland.
ed to be practically sufficient to ansvor SAUNA
purposc. | snpoose they yynro in,onI,d -
swer he great purpose of Government. brt II
our powprs with rrspcct IN those t.,rri,,,;e 49,,
such AZ gentlemen suDnoso and surL noJo, ~
construcrion are N he adontoJ all I La,a -. ~. ~
is. the whole Constitution nut tn,r,tIor =; 10y,
worth the controversy wbirh ba, ,rr,,,,a ~"
of s0"" ou'
| had dosirnel sir n allud, 70 ,no,,,, .,
icct. and feel hound in soma n,,asnno, '"o'
Sir i, is bv M means evtrsorJin.r ~ W. ~ ~,
discussion Of This snbioc If sI,,,a.,, LILY .ne
dute oxci,enon, II j. hy No ,no,5' '',"".' pro,
that oycenrnt shonlJ bo carr;I Il
and if i franz MI. c,,,.iI,r,,i',, 1 -" VN"e"''