The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-03-28


Ii the coming census do not entte her to her present
representation, she will lose in the next Congress
But again, sir the boundaries Of the State OF Calior-
MIA made the subject of objection. These boundaries
though not embracing all OF California, as did the bill Of
last session. are perhaps too large upon the coast 70 ad
init in the future Of the convenient workings q the state
to be covered by the interior municipal arrangements OF
State But if this State be admitted now, see not how
1 is possible that she can be admitted with any other
boundaries. The late influx OF population is about the
centre OF the State around and at San Francisco, and in
the neghbohood OF the mines Now, sir you could not
with proprety have run line around that population
and cut out piece OF country in the centre for State.
leaving fragment OF territory to the north and another
70 the south unpoyided for In the present situation OF
things you are compelled, if you admit the State at all
to admit her with her present boundaries They may
not have been wisely made it may in future so appear.
So we must trust TO the patriotism Of posfery 70 40 IN
The future what they have in ike cases done y the past
But sir there is another branch OF this same objection
and that apprehend arises from the fact that part OF
s . e 70 70
event OF the Missouri compromise line being extended TO
the Pacific. But the answer to this is. il answer Were
themselves north as we'll as south OF that line and under
all the circumstances is shopping asans. hope Tor the
South to look in the future for the formation Of slave
State upon the Pacific Why, sir, when the citizens OF
the South here they do not seem to desire slavery
themselves They slough off their pepossessionsa at once
the institution be blessing at home is, at all events
blessing that they not disposed to carry along with
them They leave the South and this institution behind
and the very moment they get into the sunshine Of free
dom, they change their color; they cast their coats.
Why sir what have seen in this very California con-
venioni The South was represented there-nay, was
only represented but, proportion to their numbers,
than represented in delegates to that convention
True to their past history the South have already OBJ
tanned in that territory nearly all it's Offices and its hon
Their citizens there, looking, not for emoument
only, butt wond seem for power and place. Ours
generally devng in the mines they securing the
dirt The citizens OF the South are not. II would seem,
after the gterng dust only. but power and position
Mr.. FOOrE The senator. presume, does not wish
to do injustice to his section; the representatives in
the other House are, believe, both from the North.
Mr. DAYTON. did not overlook that fact lquali-
fed my remark BY saying that the citizens Of the South
had acquired nearly all the honors and offices OF the Ter
tory Ii the representatives in the other house are from
the North those in this both from the South; the
one from Mississippi and the other from South Carolina
And looking at home al California herself, we find
that the whole body of her Stale officers with single
unmporant exception, are southern men,. Sir, do not
censure but rather commend the South for their spirit
there. But when we that they were fully repre-
sened in the California conventionhat the leading and
influential men there men OF the South, and yet we
find them n una Uoce going against the introduction OF
ritory in California south OF SO deg. 80 min Men do
not emigrate from mere political motives and with
view to political results The leading inducement to EN-
few there are who may go with view TO honor and
Office but the great body OF emgants have another creed
Theirs is what some one has cynicaly called the Amer
lean creed "they believe in the golden eagle they be-
eve in the silver dollar they believe in the copper cent"
The sarcasm is scarcely more bitter than true is at
least the iHducement which controls emigration here
that controls emigration everywhere You will never
get slave population to emgrate TO that Territory with
view TO constituting political equilibrium. In the
business Of life in the daily transactions OF men, they
governed and controlled by other motives and other
objects. Slave labor is southern capital, and southern
capital like capital of every other description, will pur-
sue the general law OF trade, II will go permanently
adequate return.
California south of SO deg 80 min, embraces the town
of San Diego, the city Of San Angeles and other popu-
lous towns and villages along the coast In point OF fact,
it was believe, the best populated part OF the Territory
prior TO the late rush of emigration Can it be required
that we shall keep out that portion OF California from the
benefit OF State government. with the expectation at
future day, OF the miraculous advent OF control
ling slave emgraion9 Sir IL cannot be IL is hopeless,
and the demand unreasonable. know that our southern
friends may look at this another mode OF changing
the equilibrium. Sir, such equilibrium ever in
tended and if it were intended il has been desoyed not
by reason of but in despite OF the action Of this govern
ment In showing up the BY which this supposed
equilibrium has been destroyed the senator from South
Carolina Mr. CALHOUN has ciphered up with the rest
the amount OF uhoccuped territory appropriated TO the
two sections since the adoption OF the constitution. He
TO have forgotten that il is not territory unocupied
but occupied (of which the South has two acres to
our onel that alone could effect such results He
seems have overlooked another striking fact when
saying that this equilibrium has been destroyed by the
action OF this government fact indeed IN our political
history, which has been wholly overlooked through all
to the South, forsoothi Why, sir, do they remember
that since the adoption OF the constitution Missouri,
Arkansas Texas, louisiana and Florida have all been
added TO the slave territory OF the Union, by the direct
ton OF this out OF territory acquired since the
adoption OF the constitution Up to the 2sth December
s4S there had not been solitary free State added,
cept oul OF land which owned upon the treaty OF
peace in 1888, recognising our independence. BY that
treaty with Great Britain our boundary ran from the
northwest point OF the Lake oil the Woods due west to
the Mississippi thence down the Mississippi That bound
ary never disputed by France any other power
and before the admission Of Iowa there had not been
solitary free State formed except out OF territory this
side Of the Mississippi Now appeal to the Senate and
these can be contended that the equilibrium has been
changed by the action OF the government II has been
has been done by causes which the gov
ernmen had CONTROL and in despite OF its constant ac
ton TO the contrary.
Again il s said that it is not just fair that the ad
venurers who first rushed into this Territory should set
lie its organic laws and thus presume TO exclude the in
siuons OF the South And yet, Mr.. President this is
but the history OF all territorial governments The rst
who 20 there, as soon as there sufficient number,
settle the organic law OF the Territory some In longer,
some in shorter time Alabama settled her organic law
by forming constitution in little over two years after
she became Territory. Circumstances will force the
settlement of Territory more rapidly than another;
but their population s sufficient and they have
complied with other essential prelimnaries equal justice
requires that we apply one rule to all.
admit sir, il the influx OF population were made in
fraud oil the rights OF The South, and merely with view
for the exercise of Just discretion by Congress- But in
this case nothing like this s pretended the settlement
has been in good faith with view 10 business interests,
and not 10 the political control of the country Bnt
there is another why should look favorably
upon this application: the government has itself en-