Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1850-03-12


power executed in the most absolute manner and 10 III
fullest extent An honorable gentleman whose health doc
allow him To be here To- day MI Calhoun SAID r o''e
day in speech 10 the Senate
\ SENATOR. lie Is here. :,
; Mr. WEBSTER. am very happy he is here. May Ii
long be here in health and III the enjoyment ol strength
his country The honorable member said sat ' con
siercd this the first in series of measures calculated !" ei
feeble the South and deprive them nf their ni iIticl.i
on in the benefits and privileges OF lle government ~
says, very properly, that il was done under The old c,r'r
alion and before this constitution went into effect NY pre-
sent purpose IL only say that il done with The ch
and unanimous concurrence "i the whole South. iht'
stands The of every State in the Union was nnlil
in favor o that ordinance, with the exception :" SIN
gle indivdl;tl-and that individual Northern m'Il"r
while ior that ordinance PROHIBITING slavery northwest :"
the Ohio The hand and seal Of every southern member ~
Congress- This was the of things, and lhs ic Sia'
of opinion under which these two very important mailer
were arranged and these two important things done ia' II
the establishment OF the constitution and The recognition
slavery II existed in the States and The establishment
the ordinance prohibiting the full extent of all TERRITORY
owned by the United States the introduction or existence
slavery.
And here sir, we may pause. We may reflect ioI mo
men upon entire coincidence and concurrence al icn
between the North and The South This question al
the period o the adoption of The constitution t opinion
has cansedgrratly cangcdrlangrd North and changed
South Slavery is regarded III the South now ns II wa
then see before IN honorable member "i tins BODY
(Ar Masun) paying the honor 10 listen Ia my rcnnrks
who brings 10 freshly aud vvidy the sentiments Z" '
great much distinguished in his day and gene
raton so worthy 10 be succeeded by 81 worthy "rai'
son--wh all the strength and carncslncsS ol me sen
tincns which he expressed in r convention 1T Philadelphia
Here may pause. There was II unanmliy "i sen'!
ment ii not general concurrence OF sentiment, n'i-
through the whole community but especially entertained s
the eminent OF all portions o this country. III regard L
this subject. But soon change began Norm ana S"nh;
change began, and severance ol opinion soon sow'u
the North growing much strong and warm a@iil
slavery and the South growing much more strong and wan
in ills favor There is y" generation "i mankind who's D
ions not subject 10 be Influenced ny wal appears !" ~
their present and cnrrgent interest nInlc lo lhr H"hl
no particular interested view i'll the cangr which has coma
her. mpnlc her, certainly, II" dlsllpnoahc views
All that has happened has bcn natural IL ih's loi''W'
causes which always influence The human ind ana opera"
upon H.
feeling in favor of slavery at the South! which 'a
changed The whole nomenclature o hr South III rciaij y
this sublect!so that instead vi being referred To S m cyl
blight, curse, slavery has now come l" ic ili hS'iht
Ia b. clerislIcdnot sconr4c and misfortune I" ee 9r
prccaed, but great political social and moral blessing "a
think have heard il lately described. WELL suppose li
this is owing the sudden surprising and rapid growth
cotton planting nle in the south So far any motive
but honor and justice and the general Judgement aT ar't
III forming their present opinions ls cotton interest "
doubtless acted. Ii this which gave o Inc ooh'h
desire promote slavery, spread IL, aud 10 Use ,h
species labor. again that This produced hy eau
which always expect IL produce like eiicc
Mems interest became deeply involved III H. II w.
look back the history "f the commerce a" tins country
the time Of its commencement, what were our exports
Cotton hardly raised all. The tables will show h
the cxportaon Of in the Years ligO and Ia? w
hardly more Than forty fifty thousand dollars year
IL has gone increasing rapidly I'LL II now amounts, IN
year of large product and h.h prices, {" more than on'
hundred millions Of dollars Then there more ol iiaS
al naEO, more Ol ul aiiiS
exported from the South than If cotton. think t'at
have heard il said that, when Mr. Jefferson negotiated h'
treaty of 1874 with Great Bmn; he did not know that an:
cotton was raised III this country; and ha "hcn under ma
treaty, which the United STATES the right to te
products in their ships 10 British ports, shpmcn
Of cotton was sent England The British cI,Sio-huus
refused admit il under The treaty the roni thai there
Of that article raised i'll America The: w"n!t
hardly say that laughter Well, we all know thai
this has become golden age Tor our Southern
brethren Ii gratifc their desire improvement and ic
extending, their operations That desire grew with what II
fed upon, and there soon came io be r,cdncss "r "h'
icrritora area areas, tor tile cultivation {"
the crop; and measures were brought abuo one ii
another under the lead Of Southern gentlemen 'h head
of the government, uhey having MAJORITY cancgfine "
both branches Of the egisllre TO accomplish these end
The honorable from South Carolina observed il
his speech the other day. that the North have fixed l"
ry in every department Of the government II thai h ir'"
the North have acted very literally an kindly, r
weakly; for they have never excr'ci The power which h
minority gives them five times in the whole history Z" liz
government. Whether they have been generous, or whenH
they ougcnealed will not stop Ia discuss, lul n
acquainted with the history of this country drns
af the general end in hr politics Of thls country dun.
rrcinuIs Of the period which has elapsed since the inr
nmon of this government. has been a southern lead
In 1902 in pursuit of the idea ol opening
sions the United obtained the cesion from "rl
of her western territory embracing The rich ana grow
ing State Of Alabama. In lsQ3 Louisiana was purthase'
from France uf which the States of Louisiana irkansa
and Missouri have been formed saveholdin States. II
1919 the cesson Of Florida made bringing another add
ton of suvcholding property and territory.
The honorable senator from South Carolina thought h
in certain operations OF the government such ~ ih
manner Of collecting tho revenue and The tendency Of
tain promote nn!gaiio into the country
on the for The rapid growth o The NoIti
than of the South Ie thinks that they not The "pc
ration of time but OF the system of government which i
been pursued That is matter oi opinion. In crrtai
measure it be so; but il does 10 that,
operations n the government can he shown io have ponol'
the population, and gGwh, and wealth of the North her
sny important and distinct operations ai the govern
ment, aboul which doubt tending 10 promote
and the slave territory nj the south Allow say I'm
il time that brought Louisiana in but the ac "
man; not by the silent operation oi time that Forid
came in but bv the Of man; and then complete hc
of man, which have contributed much 70 enlarge til
and sphere of this institution of slavery TcAasrca,
vast llimi,ablc fcxaswas added Ia le Union 4 7lay
State in 1915; and that, sir pretty much closed the ca
and settled the whale account II closed the whole clap'
and settled the whole account. b,au,c the annexation "
Texas, UPON the conditions and under the GUARANTEES npoi
which sic was admitted. did mol leave Of land rapa
Die oI being cultivated by slave Labor between This Capa
and the Rio rande The Nuoces whichever Is The ropc
boundary Of Texas Not an acre remained from that
mcnt, sir The whole country from here 10 the Wcstcrr
boundary of Texas fixed pledged decided Ia he sayr
holding territory by III most ample guarantees o law.
And now say, the proposition upon which stand th
day, and upon the truth and rnness oi which intend Il
until il is oycrhrnwn, that there is not n This
within lir United States within HE Territories, singh
foot of land the character of which, in regard 10 lis hcnt
soil territory slave territory il fixed by aw
and cpealable lava law beyond the power Of iii,
action of this government Now, ia not that with
peel Texas! Indeed il il most mancsily The hon
orabl gentleman from South Carolina (Mr Calon) III,
time of the admission OF Texas, held important post il
The executive department ol government Hc S"rrril
ry n State Another eminent person nj great activity nn
adoi,;,e-s If lnwersi mean hc late Secretary Of t,
Treasury, tMr, Walkerlwas leading member Of ths ho
dy they took the lead in The business OF anneXaton and
must say that they did their work faithfully there
bnch mi Qaugher.J They rounded il of, and made l.
close lorers work put together The resoln
uns of annexation brought int" Congress fy ione;
together compact firm, efficient conclusive upon the great
object which they had in view. Allow read resolution
Ii is the third clause the second section n the resolutions
oi The Isl of March, 1915 for The admission of Texas Tia
article reads in these words
'iNcw STATES of convenient size exceeding for il
number in addition said State Of Texas, and having sui
ccn population, may hereafter, by the uf sa'
State be formed out of the territory thereof which shall b
entitled admission under the provisions Of The Fedora
constitution. And such States may be- iurd oi tia
portion of said territory yir4 anuih ry.sls degree
hilly north latitude commonly known the Mis-
souri, compromise line, shall be admitted into the Union
with without slavery as the people OF each State asking
admission may desire"
And then there is provision that such territory rs lie
north of the Missouri compromsc line shall he free States
s.ind in such Sute States as shall be formed ont
said territory, north Of said Missouri compromise ln slave
ry involuntary servitudc Except for cmc shah bc n
/: libtcd."
Well, now what is here pledged stipulated for, enacted
secured Why il is that all TeSas South 81 deg 80 min
which is nearly the whole of it, shall be admitted into IN
Union Staicit Il slave State and therefore il al
pEln, i..Itl