The Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1846-1852, 1850-02-22

islave enactment either TO exclude or admit slavery.
Well, sir, ask again-h you will listen to the voice
of calm and dispassionate reason-l ask Of any man
from the south TO rise and tell me II 1t Is not better Tor
his section of the Union that Congress should remain
passive on both sides ofan ideal line than that should
uerdct slavery on one side of the line and be passive
in regard to it on the other side ol the llnei
Sir am taxing both the physical and intellectual
poyyers which kind Providence has bestowed upon
me too much-too much by tar-though beg to be
permitted If the Senate will have patience with me-
10 conclude what have to say, for do not desire to
trespass another day upon your time and patience, as
am approaching though have not yet nearly arri-
we'd at the conclusion 80
Mr.. Mangum, Ifthe Senator will permit me, will
move an adjournment.
Mr. Clay. No, sir, no; will conclude. think
can get with it better to-day than shall be able to
Ido if the subject be postponed.
Sir this Union is threatened with subverson.
want Mr. President to take very rapid glance at the
course of public measures in this Union presently
want however, before do that to ask the Senate to
look back upon the which this country has
since the adoption Of this constitution down to the pre-
sent day. Was there ever nation upon which the
OF heaven has shone that has exhibited so much OF
prosperity At the commencement Of this Govern
ment population amounted to about four millions
it has now reached upwards OF twenty millions Our
territory limited chiefly and principally to the
border upon the Atlantic ocean and that which in
cludes the southern shores OF the interior lakes Of
country. Our country now extends from the n0thern
provinces Of Great Britain to the Rio Grande and the
Gulf Of Mexico, one side, and from the Atlantic
ocean to the Pacific on the other side-he largest
tent Of territory under any Government that exists on
the face ofthe earth with only two solitary exceptions
Our tonnage, from being nothing, has risen in magnl
tude and amount to rival that of the nation who
has been proudly characterized the mistress OF the
ocean" We have gone through many wars-wars too
with the very nation whom we broke of In lT76, as
weak and feeble colonies, and asserted independ-
ence member of the family of nations. And, sir,
we out of that struggle unequal as it was-arm-
od ~ all nf hay
ing out Of her long struggles with other Euro
pean nations, and unarmed at all points, in
consequence ofthe habits and nature of our country
and its nstitutionswe came, say, out of that war,
without any loss ofhonor whateVer-we emerged from
| it gloriously.
In every Indian war-and we have been engaged in
many of them. Our armies have triumphed and with
out speaking at all to the causes OF the recent war
with Mexico whether it right or wrong; and abb
staining from any expression of opinion to the JUS
ce or improprety OF the war, when once commenced
all must admit that with respect to the gallantry OF
our armies the glory our trumphs, there is no page
pages of history which records more brilliant sue
cesses. With respect to one commander OF an mpor-
tant portion of our army need say nothing here; no
praise necessary in behef Of one who has been ele-
vated by the voice Of his country to the highest sta
ton she could place him in, mainly on account Of his
glorious military career And of another less fortun-
ate in many respects than some other military COM
manders. must take the opportunity of saying, that
for skill tor science for strategy for ability and for
daring fighting for chivary of individuals and OF mass
es, that portion Of the army which was conducted BY
the gallant Scott Chief Commander, stands unrivaled
either by the deeds of CorIez himself OF those OF
any other commander in ancient or modern times.
Sir our prosperity is unbounded nay, Mr., Pres
, ident sometimes fear that it is in the wanlnn-
ness of that prosperity that many of the threaten
, nng ills Of tile moment hlve arisen Wild and
, enallc schemes have sprung up throughout the
whole country some at which have even lound
their way into legislative halls; and there is a rest
essuess existing among US which fear will re-
qure the ch istisement oil Heaven to bring us
! ! back n u sense of The immeasurabe benefits and
: blessings which have been bestowed upon us by
Providence. At this mnmeht-with the excelI-
ton oil here an there particular department IN
the manulactu hl business Of the cuuntry-alI IL
prosperity AMI peace and the II on Is rich and
G powerful Our country has grown to IA magnitude.
to power and greatness snch as to commnnd
, the respect if it does not awe the apprehension of
, the Powers Ol the earth with whom we come IN
contact,
f Sir, do depict with coors loo lively the pros.
4 perity which has resulted to rs from the op.
! eratUns of this unionl Have | exaggerated in
, any particular her power, her prosperity or her
greatnessl And now, sir, let me 60 litllc into
detail with respect to sway in the coun;ils 0l the
milton. whether from the North or the Sunh tln.
ring the sixty years Of unparalleled prosperity that
we have enjoyed During the first twelve years
OF the administration of the Government North.
e. cOunsel- rather prevailed; and out oil them
1prhng the Bank OF the United States, tho assunp-
ton Of the state debts, bounties In the fisheries
protection tn our domestic manufactures | al
Iude to the net Of 1889 neutrality in tie wars OF
Europe, jays treaty, the alien AMI sedton laws,
aud war with Frauce | do not say sir, that these
the leading and prominent measures which were
adapted during the administrations OF Washing
ton an the elder Adams, were carried exclusively
lby Nuihern couisels--they could not have been
but mainly by the ascendIncy which Northern
Couuses had Obtained in the aihiirs o tlte nation.
So sir, uf the latter period-for the Inst fifty years
| do not mean 10 say that the Southern colinsels
alone hive carried the measures which | am about
10 enumerate know they could not exclusively
have carried them. but say they have been car
ricd by their psepOnderiting Influence. with the
CO operation, it is true the large corporation in
spme insances-of the Northern section OI the
Onion And what are those measuresl Daring
that fifty years, nearly that period, in which
Southern counses have prepOnderated, the ON
barge aud Othrr commercial restrictions of non
intercourse aud nOn.impurtliion were Imposed;
war with Great Britain the Bank Of the United
States overlhlown. protection enlarged aud ex-
tended To domestic manufactures. ! ullude to the
passage of the net OF 1915 or 1916. the Bank OF
the United States re established, the same Bank
put down, re-established by Southern c0unsels,
aud put down by Southern counses, ,Louisuna ac
quired, Florida bought, Toxins annexed, war with
! Mexico, California aud other territories acquired
from Mexico by conquest and purchase, prOtec-
ton sIsperceded. and free trade established, lnd-
aus removed west of the Mississippi, and fifteen
new States admitted into the Union. II is very
possible, sir, that in this enumeration may have
tied some Ol the important measures which
have been adopted during this laltel period of
time-the last fifty yeurs-but these believe to
be the most prominent ones
Now, sir, | do not leducc from the enumera-
ton of the measures adopted by the ono side or
the other, any just cause Of reproach either upon
one side or the other, Though Que side or the 9th
or has predomnated in the periods to which
have referred. These measures were, TO say the
least, the joint work of both parties aud neither
ol them have any Just cause to reproach the other
But, sir, must say, in all kindness aud sincerity,
that least of all ought the South reprUach the
North, when we hook ut the long list OF measures
which, under her sway in the Counsels Ol the ma
ton, have been adopted; when we reflect that
even opposite doctrines have been from time TO
time advanced bv her; that the establishment of
tho Bank of the United States, which was done
under the administration of Mr.. Madison, met
with the cooperation of tho South-l do not
say the whole South-I do not. when speak
Of tho South or the North speak OF the entire
South or the entire North: speak OF the prom
inent aud larger proportion ofSonhcrn and North
ern men. II was during Mr.. Madsons admins.
trition that the Bauk OF the United States was
established, My friend, whose sickness-which
| very much deplore--"prevent us from having his
attendance upon this OCCASION (Mr Calhoun)
Al. u Il. /