New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1850-11-07


been large beds Of magnetic oxide OF iron discoy.
cred, but which is so extensively mixed with
hornbIende rock as to make it of little value.
There has also been found near this furnace spe-
cies Of this last ore intimately blended with plum.
bago There are likewise curious beds of yellow
garnate imperfect sienitic granite, in which beau
tiful opaque blackish brown masses OF garnet, Of
a high resinous luster, p" chrystalsed on the
face, with ANIMATED epidote, white and compact
massive or infinitely laminated anste in parts
Intimately blended with specks Of violet granular
feldspar, resembling prouesilex sPhene brown
garnite, dark green angular sngite like the COCO
lite of Lake Champlain phosphate OF lime, spl
nellie, and black spinelle specular iron ore, bru-
cite bronzite, pargazite and idocras, zircon, ire
molite embedded in chrystals of white anzite,
actvnolite short chrystals Of anzite nearly black,
assuming the appearance of volcanic rocks, apa-
lite, an apple green feldspar in crystalline carbo
nate Of lime, accompanied with beautiful chrys-
tails of mica, and hexagonal plates of plumbago,
soft and almost as fusible as hornbende, a very
brilliant pale green hornblende, passing into acty
nolite, which has been denominated macurete
blue and white sapphire enormous green eilrys-
tails Of augte at least an inch in diameter, pre-
sentipg hexadregal and octahearal prisms with
almost equal faces, and terminated by obIque te-
trahedra pyramids In addition to these, geolo-
gists who have made a more minute examination
OF this valley say that there have also been found
here, scapelite, or wernerite, arsencal pyr1tes
mixed with others, resembling the suphuret OF
cobalt or nickel, with a substance like bende,
accompanied by deudrodrite and orgilaceous
huate of lime.
AT this point cryslativc calcarcous rock alter
mates with granitines of feldspar and quartz or
with beds Of sienitic granite. AT other places it
disappears. and in its place a continent granwacke,
almost porphritc appears and, cotemporaneous
with the other formations, it is observed to DC over
laid by mas Of leaden, infinitely granular second
arv limestone, containing organic remains Of the
usual shells ana coralines, aud layers OF olacklsh
hornstoue or peu0ssileX. Crystals OF oiue iiuatc
NJ lime have been found in large numbers IN TINS
rock. and also i'll the granwacke beneath 1t: me
coraties are sometimes very numerous IN tue
limestone and lined with pseudomorphorous mas
ses and white Huatc and quartz OF crystals mus
it will be Observed that IN this section can DC
found as at Lake Champlaln, blending to8eueF
or a union, of all classes OF rocks except STATE
which pass 0eClUtNly llto tdNti N''iS 49, -
cotemporaneOus This wonderful formation eN-
ends into Orange County Newly DIRK. In the
mountains near Sparta, large masses, mics III cA-
tent OF the red oxide OF enc, are iouhu' ana u9
this metal is easily fusbe, 1t may IN time oecoiue
cuite valuable and add much to the wealth OF TINS
norton oil the State. From two lnconslderaoIe
sugar loaf peaks commonly known as Mounts
Adam, and Eve, white crystalline limestone,
which is of a yerv singular formation, has been
traced to Byram township, III Sussex County, III
an even and uninterrupted courseo about twenty
five miles. Its width, however, IS Yarable-SOme-
times it is two miles, and after, it is not over two
rods wide Except at tins Adam and Eve, its
general inclination, is low frequently UNDERLYING
the limestone of more recent date. It's continuity
in places is scarcely except by 6oudefs
and loose stones scattered gbundautly over the
surface. 1t is supposed to extend to Eastoni with
occasional breaks In the primitive region, it has
been asserted that gold and silver have been
found IN many places but upon close cXamlna-
ton the veins have beendlscoqered to be nothing
but pyrites which very much resemble these
metals.
Extensive deposites Of magnetic iron ore. and
other remarkable minerals occupy considerable
space in the primitive ridges southwest partlcu-
larly SCOTS Mountain and Jenny jump In
Scott mountain. in close proximity to Oxford
Furnace, capacoUs mines OF iron were worked,
years age some Of the drifts and shafts oeh6 SUN
discernabe In le32 Messrs. Henry Jordan pur-
chased the NOFkSt anu OtSttttlOit' VI
a more extended scale. They opened vein OF
magnetic ore which is blended with carbonate oil
lime from ten to twelve feet IN width enclosed
by parieties OF mica shale. The elements OF prlm-
tive rock are found numerousy and strangely
united throughout these mountains, which ailordS
considerable interest TO the naturalist
There is valley northwest OF these primitive
hills. which is about ten miles wide, extending
over the northern parts OF Warren and sussex
counties, and which is drained by the Poalins
Kill Hewiug into the Delaware ms is called
Pauns Xiii Valley 1t Is numerously dotted oy
mills, knobs, and low ridges winch present quite
an interesting appearance, and seem scattered
over the valley in much contusoni but, still they
are easily trQceabe on the lncInatl0ns Of the
mountains Limestone OF the transition lorna
ton in this valley alternates with slate. a ridge
Of considerable magnitude, composed OF STATE,
bounds this valley the south side, almost from
the mouth Of It's creek to Newton ana on tne
northeast side it is equally distinguished tor It's
limestone ouarries There IS another ridge OF
slate suitable for roofing and cypherng slate,
found north OF the limestone, excellent quarrles
of which are worked on the Delaware. bed OF
granwacke has also been discovered between tHs
slate and the Kettailng or Blue mountains us
mountain contains the usual species u u ""a''ton
rocks. erauwacke and every variety OF a55te8a'
ton slate. greensboro and mountain limestone
II rises from 400 to GOO feet high, and IS cover
cd with wood 3" in which the deer, bear VOL ana
most wild animals indigenous 20 mountainous
countries, still roam. Another little stream cu!
cd tbe Fiat Hill waters fertile tract OF trans
ton limestone land, in northwestern direction
T The mountains of the third section are princ
poIlv in their natural state, only now and then
fertile cultivated farm is seen on the mil sides
the soil best adapted for agricultural purposes IS
ound in the auYial valleys, which are well calcu-
lated to produce all kinds of farm vegetables A
beautiful specimen of marble is found at Mend
ham, in this district capable OF being highly pol
shed and suitable for ornamental architecture, re-
sembiing the marble OF Florence.
Thus have given in detail the most striking
features of the three grand divisions INTO which
have divided the geological features Of the State
Of New-Jersey. Perhaps other and more minute
investigations than those which have been . able
to make may yet discover more attractive features
\ IL. II, tlic Sfata hnf VleWlng It,