The North-Carolina standard., 1850-06-29

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heal the discontenfs which Justly exist in the South
or to restore bleeding Constitution All have re
ceixed has been bitter denunciaons of institution
6y many members of Congress- aud threats to coerce
into submission. Although nothing has been done,
report has been made in the Senate by Committee Q
thirteen members. which is now pending in that body
and as the measures it proposes have been pressed
upon the South worthy Of her acceptance, we deem
proper to lay before you brief consideration Of the
matters it contains.
This report embraces four distinct measures. lst
The admission of California State, with the exclu
sion of slavery in her Constitution. I'd. Territor:a
Governments to be erected the Territories OF Utal
and New Mexico. with nearly one half of Texas to bt
added to the latter g. The prohibition Of the slave
the recapture of fugitive slaves in the
ing States To understand whether these
consistent with rights and worthy acceptance
each of them must be considered separately.
The South is excluded by the bill from the whole o.
that part of California lying the Pacific, including
one hundred and fifty thousand square miles of territory
and ii this be done by the legislation of Congress- the
mode in which it is done is of no importance Califor-
mia belongs the United Sates and all action by the
individuals in that territory, whether from the United
States or from the rest of the world. appropnatng the
soil TO themselves, erecting over it,
OF no validity. They constitute people in proper
sense of the term but citizens OF the States
tries from which they have come, and to which they
attempts TO carry out and confirm the of these nd
vduals, erecting California into State and excluding
slavery thererom, is the same thing il Congress
had originally passed law to this effect without the in
terventfon ofhese individuals The exclusion Of slave
from California is done by the of Congress- and
by other authority. The Constitution of California
contains, is the Wilmo Proviso passed and enforced
by the legislation of Congress Here theh, is that
cnson from this territory by the of Congress- which
almost every Southern State in the Union has declared
CHI fr ov.1
ed by this bill. free People cannot be satisfied with
the mode in which they deprived of their rghs-a
sovereign State will disdan to inquire in what manner
equality With her sister States. It is enough that the
outrage done. The mode is Of little consequence.
There therefore, in the mode of extending the Will
by the bill. nothing mitigate the Indignation of the
Southern States battle their determination to red
IT ss the wrong, if inflicted. They excluded from
the whole Territory of California Territory extensive
enough to contain four large States,
If the Constitution proposed by California contained
nothing about slavery. would the North allow her to
enter the Union! Such were the territorial bills pro-
posed for California the last Congress- but they re-
jected them because the South not excluded from
this territory in express terms The inhabitants OF this
Territory have been left without any Civil Government
solely because the South would not to be egis-
lated of them with her institutions and now that
this object is accomplished by the Constitution present.
ed by California these Conservatves-these advocates
of law and orderare eager to admit her, without right
precedent, into the Union We are aware of the
Inconvenience the inhabitants of California may have
suffered for Of Civil Government established by
Congress and therefore, prepared to yield much
account of the circumstances in which they have been
placed. -.. -
The next measure in perfect keeping with this
feature Of the report 1t takes from Texas, territory
sufficient for two large States, and adds them to New
Mexico What the bill contains with respect to slavery
will be of little consequences for it is designed that
next winter New Mexico thus constituted shall follow
the example of California. and be admitted State
for without such exclusion she cannot hope to he ad-
mitted by the slaveholdng States into the Union
The effect will be that territory. which slavery
exists equal to two States, will be wrested from the
South and will be given up to the non-slayeholdng
States The pretex is, that there is some doubt to
the boundaries Of Texas. Texas by her laws she
was admitted into the Union had but one boundary to-
wards the Wesi and that boundary the Rio Grande
Congress in the resolutions admitting her into the Union
recognized this boundary by laying down line Of lin
itaton between the slavehcding and non-savehoding
States (beng the Mssour Compromise line Of SO deg
30 min. parallel of North latude) through that very
part of her territory her light to which is question
eG Her boundary OF the Rio Grande to its alone
gave her this country and was thus recognized and
ratified by the resolutions of annexation. To vindcae
this boundary for Texas member of the Union, the
Mexican took place and in the treaty of Gauda
loupe Hdaeo. it was finally vndicated and settled by
clause in the treaty. designating the Rio Grande
boundary between Mexico and the United States
Thus by the laws Of Texas by the legislation of Con-
and by solemn treaty of the United States, the
pretenson is set up that her territory does not extend
to within three hundred miles of the Missouri Compro
mise line where Congress, in receiving her into the
Union. determined that her territory should be divided
between the saveholdng and non nslaveholding States
Texas is the only State in the Union which has the SOL
emn guaranty Of the Government of the United States
possible form. to her boundaries Yet this ia
the Government which disputes them and under the
pretext that they very doubtful proposes take
from her nearly one half her territory It is by virtue
Of such pretensions. that by the bl two States
taken from the Southern, and given to the Northern
States and th,s wrong S oy Gompsng US
1t is undoubtedly proper that Texas should be queted
as 10 her boundaries but she should be queted by
law of Congress, plainly acknowledging them. Ifaier
her boundaries are settled, the General Government to
faith fulfil all the obligations the annexation of Texas
the Union requires, should ,hihk proper to purchase
any territory Texas the arrangement may be unob
ectionabe But any arrangement concerning her ter
ritores which leaves shade of doubt the right of
The people OF the Sourh TO enter any portion of the Ter
ritory which, according to the terms of annexation,
now free to them, neither Texas the General Gov
ernmen have any right to make The terms Of annex
ation constitute the compact Of Union between Texas
and the other States Of the Coniederacy-and this com
pact secures rrevocaby to the people of the savehod
ing States, the right Of entering with oil their property
10 all her territory lying South of 36 degrees 30 min
ptes north latitude whilst from all her territory lying
north of that line they excluded The bill in the
Senate makes provision for carrying out these terms
Of the compact. but leaves in doubt the right Of the
Southern people throughout al the territory proposed
be purchased whilst many who the bill declare
that in effect. it excludes entirely the people Of the
Southern States from all the territories purchased The
least evil, therefore, the b! bring to the Southern
States. entering il, will be contention harrassmen
and litigation. ~
But you will have very ,inadequate conception Of
the imporan the territory taken from TEXAS by the
bill. if you con6ne your views to Texas IF you will
look at map Of the United States. you will perceive
that the TERRITORY proposed to surrendered Texas