Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1850-12-03


public demand for several years come and but iiie fe
ance en- Therefore, placed lat source
/ Of rev0nue.
de from tic permanent annual expenditures, which
have necessarily hugely increased portion Of the pnbc
debt amounting eight million seventy five thousand une
Euudred and cgty-six dollars and fifty nine g 05
955 50 be provided for within the two fiscal
years. 1t most desirable that these aceng demands
should be met without resortirg TO new loans
All experience has demonstrated the wisdom and poiey
Of raising large portion Of revenue. for the support Of
Government frem duties goods imported The power 10
lay these duties is ungnesonabe, and is chief object OF
course IS t. rel lenish the treasury But II, IN dong his
incidental advantage may be gained by encouraging thc
industry Of citizens, is duty TO avail our
selves Of that advantage.
duty laid upon an article which be produced
in his countrysuch astea or coee-adds TO the cot Of
the article, and is chiefly wholly paid by the consumer
But duty laid upon article which may be produced
here, stimulates the skill and industry Of country
to produce the same article which brought into the
ke in competition with the foreign article, aud the i'm
porter thus compelled reduce his price to that, at
which the domestic article can be Sold Thereby throwing
part of the duty the producer Of the foreign article
ne continuance Of this process creates the Skill ana III
vies the capital which finally enables US to produce the
article much cheaper than conid have been procured
from abroad thereby benetng both the producer and the
consumer at home. The consequence Of this IS that the
artisan, and the agrcuHst brought together each
aords really market for the produce Of the oine ths
whole country becomes prosperous and the ability u pro-
duce every necessary renders Us Independent IN war
/ as wen as in peace.
y high tariff car never be permanent 1t viii
cause dissatisfaction and will be changed, Il excludes
competition, and thereby invites the investment Of
changed 1t brings distress bankruptcy and ruin upon
all who have been mised BY its Iithless protection
what the manufacturer wants, is uniformity and per-
manency, that he may feel confidence that he is not
to be ruined by sudden changes. But to make tariff
uniform and permanent. il is not only necessary that
the law should not be altered but that the duty should
not fuctuaie To effect this I'LL duties should be specific
wherever the article such 10 admit Of it. Ad
Valorern duties fiuctulte with the price, and offer
strong temptations to fraud and perjury. SnecihG
i are l
% Is. and at all times and offer strong inducemen
to the importer to bring the best article be pays
more duty upon that than upor one Of inferior quail
tY. | therefore strongly recommend a modification OF
the present tariff, which has prostrated some Of
most important and necessary manufactures, and that
specific duties be imposed, sufficient to misc the
requisite revenue, making such discrimination in favor
Of the industrial pursuits Of country to en-
courage home production without excluding foreign
competition. 1t is also important that an unfortunate
provision 10 the present tariff which imposes much
higher duty upon the material that enters into
manufactures, than upon the manufactured article,
should be remedied
The papers accompanying the report Of the Secretary
Of the Treasury viii disclose frauds attempted upon the
revenue, in variety and amount 50 great as istfy
the conclusion that it is impossible under any system u
ad vaorem duties levied upon the foreign cost or value
OF the article, 10 honest observance and ane
fectual administration Of the laws The fraudulent de-
vices to evade TIE law, which have been detected by
the vigilance olthe appraisers leave doubt
that similar impositions not discovered, To large
amount, have been successfully pracsed since the en-
actment Of the law in force This state Fittings
has already had preldcial Influence upon those en-
gagged in foreign commerce, ii has tendency to dive
the honest trader from the business Of maorting and
TO throw that important branch of employment into the
1 hands OF unscrupuous and dishonest men, who are
alike regardless Of law and the obligations Of an GATH
BY these the plain intentions II Congress ex-
pressed in the law, daily defeated. Every motive
OF policy and duty, therefore, inpc ask te earn
est attention Of Congress to this sahje Ii Congress
sh9ad deem It nawise 70 attempt ang important chan
ges 10 tho system of tezvina dqrir- L.--aas-e.
viii become Indispensable TO the protection of he rev.
that such remedies, as in the Judgment Of congress
may mitigate the evils complained o., should be at once
applied.
As before stated, specific duties would in my opinion.
afford the most perfect remedy Tor this evil but ifyou
should not in this vew them as partial rene
dy, beg leave respectfully recommend that instead
OF taking the invoice Of the article abroad as means
OF determining It's value here, the correctness Of which
invoice it IS in many cases impossible to verify the
law be 50 changed as to require home valuation ap-
pralsal, TO be regulated in such manner to give as
far as practicable, uniformity 10 the several ports.
There being mint in California | am informed that
the Iaborers in the mines compelled to dispose Of
their gold dust at a large discount. This appears to
me to be heavy and unjust upon the labor ofthose
employed IN extracting this precious metal; and Idoubt
not you will be disposed the earliest period possible
10 relieve them from it by the establishment OF a mint
In the mean time, assayer's office is established
there, Iwoud respectfully submit for your consideration
the propreiy Of authorizing gold bulons, which has
been assayed and stamped to be received in payment
OF Government dues. cannot conceive that the trea-
sury would suffer any loss by such provision which
will at once raise buons its par value, and thereby
save (If am rightly inormed) many millions of dollars
to the laborers which paid in brokerage to
convert this precious metal into availbe funds This
discount upon their lizard earnings is heavy tax and
every should be made by the Government TO re-
ieve them from great burden.
More than three-fourths Of population are engag.
ed IN the cultivation Of the soil The commercial
manufacturing, and navigating interests are ALL to
great extent, dependant on the agricultural. Il is.
therefore, the important interest of the nation and
has just claim to the fostering care and protection Of
the Government, SO far they be extended conss-
tenty with the provisions of the Constitution. As this
cannot be done by the ordinary modes of egsalion
respectfully recommend the establishment of an Anri-
cultural Bureau to he charged with the duty of giving
to this leading branch Of American industry the encour-
agement which it so well deserves. In view Of the i'm
mense mineral resources Of our country, provision should
also lie made for the employment of a competent miner
alogls and chemist who should be required under the
direction OF the head of the bureau collect specimens
oil the various minerals OF country, and TO ascer-
tain, by careful analysis their respective elements and
properties, and their adoption to useful purposes.
lie should also be required to examine and report
upon the qualities of different soils, and the manures
pest oacuiateu 10 improve tnIlr productlveness. by
publishing the results of such experiments, with
suitable explanations, and by the collection and DIS
trbutlon of rare seeds and plants, with Instructions
as to the best system of cultivation, much may be
done to promote this great national interest
In compliance with an act of Congress, passed on
the 2Sd Of May, 1850, providing, among other
things, for taking the seventh census superntend
ent was appointed, and all other measures adopted
which We're deemed necessary to ensure the prompt
and faithful performance of that duty. The appro-
prlalion already made WILL it is believed, be sufic