The southern press., 1850-06-25

mert demands such provision. Itis the exercise of
a high sovereign power, and cannot be had wrnouI
the call of another convention, because the present
Constitution Of California does not confer y upon
the lesislature Without such a stipulation, tine
United States cannot preserve any title to the pub
lie lands and mines Of California. Ihe ntie- -oi
one government TO lands within another, Is lncon-
sstent with the sovereignty OF the latter anu can
onlv be maintained, with the consent of the State,
in the nature Of a compact Such has been the uni
form construction of Congress, ofour Consutati9n,
and system Of State soveregntes, IN regard 10 this
complex subject. Tlis object cannot be secured
by the simple leeislaJor OF Congress. mus mass
can be consummated only by the assent OF Call
Since the Constitution of California must return
to the people for further action and new ana nm
portant provisions, 1t becomes the duly OF Con
gress to adjust her boundary and curtail the vast
extent Of this Pacific empire. There Is great dan-
ger in permitting one State to engross all the ports
On the Pacific, especially when the remoteness
and isolated condition Of that country - con,
sidered. To say nothing OF the pohucai naAaru
Of our system, arising from combinations among
large and disproportionate States, California with
her vast limits presents other subjects OF serious
apprehension. She will be tempted 70 separate
existence by the wide extent and dproductiyeness 2,
her mines-by the still richer treasures tIae W.. ~
aow from Eastern and Indian commerce. From al
these causes we may look for hostility TO the rev,
enue and commercial system OF the Union. a..
the great commercial ports OF the racine snc.uu
not be left under one local Jurisdiction san D1eso
and San Francisco ought to be IN diIereh' 2'o.Is,
for many and cogent reasons OF policy; ~ .ne
nrogress Of events the Government OF the Union
viii have slight hold upon that extensive isoiated
region, with its great mines and western uaue,
the country is all embraced by one State govern
men. 1t is our policy TO strengtnea @ .me D - ,,ora
States, the multiplication of seaports, ana tne
creation of commercial rivalries. II you admt
California with her present limits, the bay OF San
Francisco will engross nearly the whole OF Inc
FOREIGN and domestic trade of the Pacihc.
Il Is apparent, from the report of Mr.. King,
that the country possesses much more agricuiu-
raj power than is generally supposed. ts mnes
will fill the country rapidly with large pop uauon'
population composed, in a considerable degree,
Of foreigners, with very little sympathy with our
o,cn Government. 1t is NOT the part of wisdom to
organise this State in such manner as to tempt
its inhabitants with the advantages OF a separate
poIifical existence, independent Of the American
Union.
THE pIsMEMBERMENr OF TEXAS.
In opposing the compromise Of Mr.. Clay in IFS
present shape, desire to speak Of that lustrious
statesman with all respect. By his lofty patriot
ism and great intellectual exertons during the rre-
sent session of Congress, he has shown himself,
what he has been often termed, the chatham or
America But am constrained to say, that the
provisions OF this bill in relation to Texas are to-
un,st TO that State and destructive to her highest
interest, to her security and prosperity as slave
State
The Senate bill declares, that all that portion of
the territory OF the United States acquired from
| Mexico by the treaty, concluded I'd February,
l848. and not included within the limits OF the
| State of California, nor within the limits OF the
Territory of Utah. as prescribed IN this act be ana
the same is hereby erected into a temporary gov
ernment, by the name of 6 the territory OF New
1 t,,.th hat
lheredter divide il into two States.
This bill is accompanied by report, with the
following statement: .sThe committee beg leave
next to report on the subject Of the northern and
great diversity ofopinion has prevailed. Accord
ing to one view of it, the western limit Of Texas
was the Nueces; according to another 1t extended
Ire Rio Grande, and stretched from its mouth
ta @ omr" The report then states, that the
r.. .i.s,..l.a4 r ~Ad on an amicable adjustment
Glib. ~ al8"u a0,'dary: "The northern
pa3gduz ~ ST.. follows: Begin
nag G 8a. . N.1a noaIj called Ell
Hfs ur, rt.aira .if .ha. rgrs4 ~ ul'lts 'uel. I'D
by s,.a rlf ga hareQl nd teags Nfs rdlg
point whe.> HI.k a.Erae uf ssi taHstqd
crosses Red river, .5tE .e ltfitf ts#et 'n
the line designated betwee,. 4a.u @iat5s tt
Mexico, and the same angle in tn. ot ae ,are
ritory set apart for the Indians by the nr
States"
In the first place, the bill and report taken to-
gethef throw discredit and doubt upon the whole
western boundary Of Texas. They cast doubt
upon portion Of the line which is and has been,
for considerable period, under the quiet jurisdic-
ton of the officers and government of Texas, from
the mouth of the Rio Grande TO Ell Paso.
The Senate bill, il will be perceived, pushes
free line, down into the immediate vicinity Of Ell
Paso, OH the great military road from the coast of
Texas to the Pacific. Il opens highway for our
with every means and facility for escape from the
frontiers. Such line cannot fail to render slave
property i'm western and northern Texas, and espe-
cally on Red river, insecure, and seriously affect
its value The salubrious climate, rich soil, and
productions Of Texas, together with cheap lands,
invite emigration, and offer great inducements to
the planter. Her capacities for producing sugar
and cotton are almost incalculabe. She must re-
ceive large portion of the negroes OF the more
northern slave States unless emigration retarded
by an unjust and to the South, unwise adjustment
Of this subject. IfTexas is true to her own inter-
ests she never will consent TO such boundary,
when the resolutions Of annexation guarantee
slavery to new States to be formed out of her ter
ritory south Of 36 degrees 80 mntues north lati-
tude. How can she consent to permit slavery to
be abolished within her limits to the 32d degree Of
latitude, with the inevitable consequences in full
viewi
This bill further provides: /" If the State ofTexas
shall refuse or decline TO accede to the preceding
articles, they shall become null and void, and the
United States shall be RENTED back to all their
territorial rights, in the same state and condition
il these articles Of compact had never been ten
dered to the acceptance Of the State Of Texas"
The amount to be paid in case Texas accedes TO
the proposition is by the bill left blank
Ii will be perceived that the Territory Of New
Mexico is by this bill, to be created with or with
out the consent of Texas. 1t will of course be
organized according to its ancient limits, and in
derogation of the rights Of Texas. II will be
claimed that the bill legalizes the present military
government in Sante Fe 1t will give the appear
ance of law a systematic resistance to the juris
diction Of Texas, and before the matter can be
adjusted, practically determine the question against
the State. 1t will produce civil war and blood
shed between the people of Santa Fe and the Au-
thorites Of Texas. 1t leaves the State no choice
between such calamity and the acceptance Of
the money which may hereafter be inserted in
the bill. It includes country on the east never