The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-11-16

Nexico, texas, CaniorhlaJ anu Olah, WIN arc "oo
exposed TO Of such things that the public
should know hsJuu ertsnt Of the horrors 10 ioheh they
haze been and may again be subjected by the neglect Of
Congress TO- fulfil its duty. From the recent memo
rial Of the Legislature OF New Mexico to the Con
gress, make an extract
''Hostile Indians penetrate the country, in every
direction, and rob, and kill, and carry into cap
tivitv.
awe are despoiled of our flocks and herds, our
men are murdered, our children carried into cap
tvity, and our wives and daughters violated.
"Camanche Indians have, within a few days, APP
preached within few miles of the capital and
compelled the terror stricken and unprotected in
habants of the village of Galisteo to furnish them
with supplies and perform mental services.
s'The depredations of the Navajoes and Apaches,
in the south, and Of the Utahs and Tcaras, in the
north, have rendered industry of avail, and de.
stroyed the two great resources OF grazing and
mining.
"An insufficient number of soldiers, posted not
upon the frontier. but in the larger towns, hear OF
these outrages when the foe is beyond the reach OF
pursuit.
Foot artillery or infantry with knapsack and
musket cannot pursue, with any prospect OF sue
cess, mounted Indians.
"The post Of the troops should be the frontier, in
the cnemys country, and ease and comfort should
be laid aside, if success would be obtained. Ener-
gy, the energy of youth, can alone subdue our enc
mics"
The treaty with Mexico our Government is pledged
TO prevent the incursons of our Indians into the Re
public Of Mexico, and to obtain and deliver up such
Mexican captives may be among them.
The failure of the United States to carry out these
.tipulations is already subject Of much newspaper
comment in Mexico. They charge that the United
States driving their Indians out of their own
territory in upon the Mexican population.
This assuredly is not the fact, but is doubtless
good evidence that we have been remiss in carry
ing out our stipulations to prevent incursions.
To prevent these incursions the faith of the nation
10 pledged to keep faith, one of two things will
Q necessary-ether to guard our immense frontier,
extending from the Gulf of Mexico to the Pacific,
or to remove the Indians from the neighborhood Of
The frontier, and confine them in limits.
To accomplish either of these things will require
largo increase of mounted troops. Exceptto escort
rains protect depots infantry and artillery for
this purpose are valueless, or nearly SO.
The latter pan-to confne the Indians in limits
will doubtless be adopted. To carry out this plan
the Indians, all mounted, must first be caught then
chastised.
By the system of present making, they may be
induced to enter into treaties for removals but treaty
or no treaty, that they will remove, without chas-
tisement, no man who knows them can for mo-
Inent believe.
Can infantry or artillery operate TO advantagein
an open country against mounted Indianss
Can an infantry man, in pair Of pegged- soled
brogans, with knapsack and musket. catch a
mounted Indian, lightly armed with bow and ar
row?
Can two regiments of dragons and OF
mounted rihemen accomplish. in any reasonable
time, the removal of sixty or an hundred thousand
Indiana, scattered over surface of 5000 by 200
niles defend the frontiers of Texas Arkansas, Mis-
.ouri, Iowa, Wisconsin, New Mexico, Utah, Cali.
fornia, and Oregon; keep open the road from the
capital of Texas to her very considerable settle
ments-near FL Paso del Norte; keep open the road
from Independence, Missouri, to Santa Fe; from
Fort Smith, Arkansas, to Santa Fe; and from In
dependence to the Salt Lake, California, and Ore
gon,
Can you catch whale with pin hook?
This lie a large subject; our Indian affairs in
a critical position, and demand the serious anC
prompt attention Of Congress. Our Indian policy
humane in appearance, and cruel to the last degree
in reality, needs revision.
The barbarous practices of tho Indians must b,
broken up, and they taught the arts of peace anC
civilization, or hey must be erterminated.
The tendency OF the present policy is extermna
tion-cxpcrience shows il to be so-necessity make
il co. Who can be in good neighborhood with peo
pie who live by murder, robbery, and outrage? 4
they not civilized, qf neeessiiy they must be ezto
minated
To civiTs is tho humane policy.
The grand obstacle to Indian civilization is the
idea that labor ia derogatory to the dignity Of
warrior. There ia remedy but 10 thrash thi
idea out Of them. Short Of this have heretofor,
stoppod-wc should do 90 no more. Hard knocki
will be necessary. / think hear the words-Hov
cruel IL il more cruel than the alternative-erter
nninstiony OF all the powerful tribes who once poo
pied this country from the Atlantic TO the Missis
sippi, how many are civilized? And Of those who
have not been, where are theyS
The Government Of the United States cannot b
said TO have civilized any Indians-it has partially
done only and, with the partial civilization, par
tial determination has gone hand in hand. How
reduced in number arc the once powerful Della
wares and Shawhecs, who. with perhaps the er
ccption OF the Cherokees and Choctaws, NOR
advanced than any others.
The Pueblo Indians, Of New Mexico, furnish al
example Of the advanced state Of civilization I,
which Indians may be brought. These Indiana
their name indicates. lire IN fotons, which ar
dotted about among the Mexican settlements; they
cultivate the soil, and cultivate il well; they rasS
grain, fruits, vegetables, &c; make wine snC
brandy Of an excellent quality; are considerably
| advanced in the mechanical arts; avail themselvc
Of every opportunity Of educating their children
arc temperate and industrious; law-abiding anc
hospitsble; and last, though not least, knop n
vaivs Of nonsy. Until this is learnt, civilization i
yet afar of
The Nsva joes can be reduced in single vigor
QUE campaign, and in two years be living in well
built villages OF their own construction under N
guns Of military posts. Fortunately for their pro
| gress, they do not live in game country. Tho
cannot support themselves by hunting, and must
therefore, rely tho more industrious and hu
MANNING pursuits Of tilling the soil and tcndinl
| their hocks.
The Navsiocs, easily reduced, will be = nucleu
FOR the Eutaws, and portion Of the Apsches sc.
who live west oftho settled portions Of New Mex ca
and the Camanches must be conquered and con
| fined in limits. and narrow ones; hunting ground
arc only stumbling blocks 10 civilization, and the
ought not have them; Villages, with the cult
| waited ground surrounding them, arc better thai
separate fsrms, at sll events, until their zoo.
habits are confirmed During the first ycsrs
while they arc preparing for cultivation, the Ca
mnnches not having hocks and herds, n, the Ma