Weekly national intelligencer., 1850-08-03

the integrity of her territory That the time precisely
it has now come, for both in danger The liberties o
New Mexico are in danger of being subveed by her absop
ton by the State of Texas and her political existence by the
efforts of that State to bring her under subjscon by force
What answer shall be given to this point Sir, there
is none except be that New Mexico is not in condition to
be admitted But New Mexico fulfs all the conditions
which you ever required for the admission Of any State into
this Union There ID but condition which the consu-
ton recognises and that is that she shall present republic
can form OF government. New Mexico fufls that condi
ton You have heretofore established precedents by which
you have required population of given number to cons
tute State, and that number is number sufficient to elect
member Of Congress- New Mexico fufls that cond-
ton for she has 100000 souls She has population
double that OF Florida when she admitted State and
she has population within twothirds large Texas,
which has two members Of Congress Sixty thousand ct
sens were enough ene the State of Ohio to admission
and sixty thousand all that required Of Michigan
Indiana illinois, Iowa. and Florida and New Mexico
ceeds them all by more than twohirds OF that number
But have been told that the condition of the people was
such that they unfit for segovernmen and therefore
that they should be denied the privilege of admission Sir
this objection comes bo late they citizens of the United
States and maintaining the capacity Of man for self
government and admitting the validity of the treaty,
maintain that hundred thousand people, citizens Of
United States, recognised such by its constitution and its
treaties, and its laws incapable Of the the nc-
tons OF seltgovernment know it is said that you will
will you govern them better What the guaranty you
offering to them that you will govern them better than they
govern themselves II is the proposition dsmember
their territory and TO subver their constitution. They
mingled populationa population marked by characers-
tics which have resulted from the extraordinary system of
colonization and of government maintained by Old Spain in
her provincesa policy entirely different from own, and
marked by very different results in its influences upon the
people, The settlement Of the colonies of Spain proceeded
altogether from thirst for god and nothing else and the
government which Spain exercised her colonies
government of arbitrary desposm conducted for the purpose
solely Of deriving the utmost profit and advantage from her
colonies The colonization of these States the contrary
the result of ardent thirst not for gold but for liberty
and the consequences which have resulted seen the
very different character Of populations. The peo-
pie Of the United States have grown up by slow de-
grees and hundred and seventy years after the
first attempt colonization by the Anglo aYons before any
permanent weesablished institutions found in this
country. The of SPAN, the other hand bril-
liant and successful and the whole the Spanish possessions
on this continent at once arose into vice which
filled with gold and with the splendid and imposing displays
of despoc power But after the lapse of another hun
dred years. that the AngoSaxon power has gone
steadily increasing, until it has oyepead the whole of the
northern portion Of the continent while the Spanish portion
decayed and declining falls easy prey to conques,s The
ADgoSaxon colonization left the abosnes of this continent
out Of its sympathy and almost out Of its 1t left them
babarous and savage and they remained but the peculiar
influence Of the civilization which the coonsts of Spain
ed into her territories operated successfully in winning the
Indians to christianity and partial civilization. We have,
therefore, this extraordinary result that while have
cuded the Indians from the possession Of the rights Of citizens
in own States have conquered the aborgnes of the
Spanish portion Of the continent for the purpose making
them citizens and have extended them the rights of citizen
ship Yes, sir, the population Of New Mexico consists of
thousand Of the European race generally Anglo
Saxons then of thousand Ceoes descendants
the Spanish coons and of sixty thousand Indians more
less mixed in blood, civilized and christianized. 81.
My motion is to bring this extraordinary and peculiar peo
pie into the United States as State of this Union and it is
motion upon which sha stand and long grace and
strength are given me to stand for any thing But if the
question raised for the first time whether this pecu
liar people, unlike ourselves should be invited to share
in the government of this Unon should very differ
emily If the question whether the public treasury should
pour forth money to bring this people into the Union
State, should say Still if the proposition
conquer this people, should resist it the last But
these questions have all gone by. You have conquered he
you have stipulated TO bring them into the Union and you
have stipulated to bring them in not territory provn
but State and you cannot protect them unless you
give them the power, privileges and preogatves Of State
and the rights of full citizenship They are, by the testmo
ny of all historians and Of all travellers inofensive
less morous and doce people, They these respects
very different from the people OF the United States They
must have government they have right to demand govern
men must give it to them, and bound to give it
to hem What form shall be given The necessity Of the
case determines that
1t is painfully apparent you the protection
Of their rights 10 no other Day but by giving them the
stiution Of State, and that immediately, too This bill
beays its face and the whole debate beays The evidence
Of the truth Of this proposition. Sir New Mexico is obte
rated from the memory Of the Senate of the United States
it is longer announced here-its name no longer
to be spoken in Congress What the Territory Of New
Mexico has almost ceased be spoken Of here otherwise
than as an unoccupied unappropaed part of the domain of
the United States.
But New Mexico has just exactly the same rights in
coming into this Union that Texas had She is annexed by
conquest, and Texas annexed BY treaty but Texas
admitted into the Union by treaty State and New Mex
leo admitted into the Union after conquest by treaty. to
be organized as a State.
Sir, there is question in dispueto give the favor
able position to those who oppose the interests Of New Mex
cothere boundary question in dispute between the peo
pie Of New Mexico and Texas and the Government of the
United States is engaged in providing for the settlement
OF that boundary That question is vital to New Mexico.
Texas State and she is represented here and she
be invited to appoint commissioners equal of the United
States for the settlement Of this boundary. New Mexico the
equal Of Texas in rights in justice, in position every thing
except the fact that you have not secured to her the rights
Stae unrepresened before you. Sheis in
this hall and in Congress- and her voice not heard in the
election of Chief Magistrate While she has thus
sentative here you are nevertheless entertaining the ques
ton Of the dsmemberment of her territory and the subuga
ton Of the whole Of the AID parallel of north latitude
the side Of the Rio Grande, Texas Now, ask
you fulfil your treaty obligations bring New Mexico in
here State let her take part this debate let hear
her let hear her story of grievances
and have doubt that they will be eloquent and, sir
they will be just and than the exposition of the
rights of Texas Bring New Mexico here them before you
decide upon her fate. Give her hearing Strike, you will
but hear.
Well, sir, if you bring New Mexico in State, she
Is entitled to come you have then security that justice will
be done by your commissioners To do this you must have
to amend your bill by allowing her. and my amendment
provides the appointment of commissioners equal in auho
ry and discretion with those Of Texas and the
United States to the stand where parental ought
to sand equal and impartial between these two contestant