The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-07-09


Per centage Of increase, 20 II l2k Ii 3
We here see that those States continued to grow
in wealth and population up TO the period of the
ccnsus Of $780, and up TO that period there existed
no aboltionism-no free-soil party-nor had the
of the people of the South the remotest idea
that slavery other than blight. The follow
ing decennial period Is marked by the flight Of
nearly the whole annual growth Of the population
of those States and with that flight came pro-sla-
very, necessarily followed by northern agitation,
because 1t was consequence Of the adoption Of a
policy directly opposed TO their best interests. The
Nashville Convention dates anti-slavcry agitation
back to 1884, and it exactly at that period that
the institution of domestic slavery began 10 be
lauded ga blessing" We ace thus that an in
creased tendency to the dispersion of southern pop
ulation, pro-savcry, and abolition, came into ex-
is,cnoe almost at one and the same time, and that
the two latter were a necessary consequence of the
former. If, them we can ascertain the cause Of
that tendency TO dispersion shall be at little loss
TO determine why II is that public opinion in the
two sections of the Union has been rapidly NOV
ing In opposite directions, until at length we have
arrived at point tina, seems almost 10 forbid set
Element
Up TO 1924, the political economy of Adam Smith
that which regarded the separation Of the me-
ohanic and sgriculturist az being in high degree
detrimental to the progress Of agriculture--was
held 10 be democratic policy, and the opposition TO
II was deemed anti democratic. Inc tariff Of that
year received but five votes in the four States Of
Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts,, and Rhode
leland. That Of 1928 received but little more than
one-third Of the votes Of New England while the
opinion Of Mr.. Madison in favor both Of the right
and the srpedieney Of legislation with view to pro
lection, then recorded in his letters TO Judge
c.,~h r.. n Il
Jackson, and 30 long rs democracy and protection
were held TO be consistent with each othcr-and the
tendency Of measures consequently in that di
rection-there existed comparatively little tendency
to the dispersion of southern population, and nei-
ther snti-slsvery nor pro-slavery was heard Of.
Agitation on the subject was unknown.
The year 1892 brought with IL notification, and
at the instance Of South Carolina the policy Of the
Union was changed. From that year railroad iron
was free of all duty, the iron manufacture was
Frustrated, and the progress Of other manufactures
gradually diminished, until at length Il ceased
Almost the whole energics Of the nation were de-
voted TO making roads by which TO enable the far
mer 10 go to market, and TO enable his customers
TO fly to the West, there 10 become his rivals, in
stead Of building mills and furnaces by means of
which the market should be made 10 come TO him
Dispersion then, no,o, the order Of the day
South, and the free population scattered through
out the West, with constantly increasing necessity
for roads, and a constantlyupcrcasingd irninution
IN the power TO labor with advantage, the result
Of which was seen in the total prostration Of 1892
Examine these facts and safety yourself az I
think you can, that diminution in ne value Of the
land of the older southern States and consequently
in the wealth Of their people, has kept steady pace
with the growth OF pro slavery, aud that both owe
their existence to the abandonment Of the policy
advocated by Adam Smith and his followers, JEFF.
fcrson and Madison, which looked 10 placing the
mechanic by the side Of the food thus Diminishing
the cost of transportation, and increasing the power
20 maintain trade
In 1920 the population Of the sts,ce south of vir
ginia and Kentucky, including all thosc in which
cotton is grown, 1900, 900. In the ensuing ten
years it increased about 900 900, while the older
southern States, Maryland, Virginia. and the two
Csrolinas, increased about 100000, and thus the
proportions Of all were fairly maintained In the
following ten years the desorou of the Older States
became 80 complete that their growth was but
10000, while that of the States south and west was
million, and the result was, that the year 1910
exhibited the extraordinary spectacle Of populs-
ton little larger than that Of New York and Penn