Weekly national intelligencer., 1850-07-27

Gulf and the lower waters Of Texas and msioriy will Be
found be adverse to the continuance slavery and il will
either be abolished, s limits eIecually ccumscribed
This is no new opinion with think that gave the
in letter which wrote years ago from Ra-
leigh, in the State North Carolina said that if two
three, or four States formed out of Texas they would
ultimately become free States And say that the probabili-
ty very great Of all Texas becoming ee if il all remains
as she has claimed, Including from the mouth of the Rio
irande to its source, even limited by FL Paso. But whe-
e be great or SMALL appears to me that is the interest
and duty and shoud be the inclination Of the Souh to look
at atts and nature they exist and reconcile themselves
70 that which inevitable and impossibe-to reconcile them
selves 20 the fact that j. is impossible however desirable it
may be IN the opinion Of any Of hem carry snve' the
countries which have described.
But, Mr.. President in the suprositon which hare made
wns is gained by either section Of the Union in
guehce THIS arrangement Of the common difficulties between
ue mere any thing OF which the South justly
pam nc iault OF Congress be cited depriving
taem OF the opportunity of carrying their slaves there The
provisions OF the bill that people are left free TO do as
they choose There E indeed, provision which did not
meet with my appreciation, and with which would have
been better satisfied had been left out and that is tho nro
vision which does not permit the OF the Territories
to establish prohibit slavery But was introduced At the
instance OF some souhern gentlemen And another amend
ment was also introduced their instance which exotessy
provides that sny States from this Territory shall come
here with constitution admitting slavery such State is be
admted that the fact of the provision for against slavery is
TO constitute no objection TO her admission the Union
Now, what complaint The South make if the whole
scheme Is carried out The South gains virtual aban
donment of the Wmot prcviso, avoids the ASSUMPTION
OF any power dangerous to the institution of slavery within
the States or the application of such power slavery without
the States and secures nine hundred miles of disputed
territory quite unreasonable for any gontepsn from the
souh or elsewhere to get and say that the title of Texas
to this country ndisputabethat it clear the title
OF any other State any other territory the Union There
opposite opinion and share myself in the doubt of the
validity of the claim of Texas from the mouth of the Rc
Grande to the of that There opposite opn
ions honestly and sincerely entertained by both parties What
to be done IN such You efuse appeal the Su
peme Court Of the United Saes-you dsown any urisdc-
tlon which can settle the question. Texas this
threatens we understand by force of enforce her
claim upon New Mexico. How is the question be seted
Can il be done otherwise satisfactorily done than by compro
mise, and by the compromise proposed in this bill repea
the South gets nine hundred miles of the part the coun
y bordering upon the Rio Grande put Of the controversy
as to the present right transport slaves there. She gains
the abandonment of the Wimo provso oferory
on the Rio Grande and she gets fugitive slave BILL which
trust VIII be rendered efficient, and she also gets
shall be able TO show in the progress Of my argument the
abandopment of the agitation Of the abolition of slavery the
District of Columbia. Wha. the South ask, Con-
gress does nothing 20 ure her. denies her rights has Of
ered as much as cam and says that any State shall
here shall be admitted with without slavery as
they choose. What more let ask, the South demand.
SR, repeat that if the South does gain the sanction
OF her right to carry slaves into the acquisitions, ii
because according TO her doctrine, Congress has no
constitutional authority confer such aprviege and because
California exercising her undoubed power has excluded
very from her limits, and because in the limits of Utah and
New Mexico the laws of and of natures God exclude
slavery Now, let at this point of the case, stop
men to compare the system of measures recommended by the
committee with what has been conended for by of the
Southern Senators during the progress Of this BILL viz the
line OF 36 deg 30 min. be off to the Pacifc-o
that much off, of course from the State Of California. Let
consider that question under two aspects FIRST without
provision that slaves be carried south of that line and
secondly with provision that they may be carried south of
that line. If line without declaration its
effect 1pon the SIDE the other Of the line, you might
well line upon the sands upon the ocean, or in the
by Of win
bllow am aware that there gentlemen who maintain
that virtue the constitution the right carry slaves south
Of that line already exists and that course those who main
tain that opinion other security for the transportation
of their slaves south Of that line than the constitution If
had not heard that opnon avowed, should have regard
ed it of the extraordinary assumptions, and
the most ndefensble position that taken by
The constitution neither created, does continue slavery
Slavery existed independent of the constitution, and
dent to the constitution and it dependant in the States,
upon the will of Congress- but upon the law of the re-
spectys States The constitution silent and passive upon
the subject of the institution of slavery, rather it deals with
the fact fact that exists, without baving created con
ued being responsible for in the slightest degree within
the States There but three provisions in the constitution
which relate to the subject Of slavery There is that which
subjects slave property to axaon that which makes 1t
component part in the estimation of the population in fixing
the ratio Of representation and that which provides for the
recovery of fugitive slaves That is the whole Of
constitutional provisions upon the subject OF slavery
instituted slavery is responsible for its continuance
its protection for moment, while it remains within
bosom of the Staes than is responsible for the pro-
lection of any other personal properly, depending for its
protection upon the State and not upon Congressional
law. Why is said that upon the high seas
sell Of whose slaves compose part would be under
the protection Of the constitution and the government of
the United States. 81 would be upon the ocean; and
why Because there is separate jurisdiction existing
there in any nation but there is jurisdiction
all nationsand the flag which floats at the mast
head of the ship carries with it the laws of the nation to
which the vessel belongs But the moment the vessel gets
out Of that jurisdiction, the moment gets into separate
territorial urisdcon the flag, and the ship and the cargo
become sube the territorial usdcon and are no longer
under the protection of the Constitution of the United States
Why, sir, that is only of the free States of this
Union but il is true Of the slave States Thus, if vessel
leaves the port Of Charleston with cargo of slaves and
tiers into the port Boston New York, the moment she
casts anchor within the harbethe moment she with
in the territorial jurisdiction of the laws Of Massachusetts
New York. those laws operate the slaves and determine
their actual condition speak OF course OF the in which
they are voluntarily carried there If they carried there
whou, the Of the owner they may Of course be pur
sued under the provision Of the constitution which relates
uglives But if they voluntarily carried, the instant they
quit the wide ocean, and within the territorial udic-
ton, they subject the laws of that territorial jurisdiction.
If you carry cargo of slaves into the port Of Liver
pool Havre, does any pretend that the flag of the
United States would protect them after they into the
Nor is i, like the which has often been cited in agu-
mcn, of the slaves which upon the Bahama islands,
which occurred some years ago. That involuntary
loss Of property consequent upon the act Of God do think
Great Britain bound in comfy, if not in strict justice in
that TO surrender those slaves make indemnity
for them, and to take advantage OF involuntary and
inevitable misfortune. But If slaves voluntarily carried