Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1850-04-27

the oiates and when sufcienty popuous, would apply
admission into the Union.
For these purposes, express power dispose OF an
make all needul rules and regulations concerning the
tories" that settlers might become the private owners
the public lands when surveyed into proper divisions
subdivisions for public and private sales individual pur
chasers and power Ito admit States into the Union
delegated Congress. TO carry these express power
into execution, government of the territory during til
progress OF its sale, settlement and admission into the Unin
absolutely for the protection of the rights of h
United States in the enitoriesof the commissioner SUI
veyo and registers in the disposal Of the public ands-o
settlers ard purchasers in their titles and possession of he
lands, and in their domestic relations, and rights of e
berry, and property, guaranteed by the magma charta
the constitution
This power govern is therefore, merely dervative AM
subordinate to the express powers delegated the terri
tories and extends further than make laws tn
territories be necessary and proper for these purpose
of protection II cannot be construed to extend destro
domestic relations title TO property validity acquired unde
Of the slave States by setting up territorial laws des
troy such rights and thus to deprive the slave States
their equal right settle the territories with their slave pro
pey, and have voice in the formation Of the consu
lion to be adopted by the people upon their admission int
the Union as States
square, PURCHASED for Of government and over place
purchased for needul public buildings far from being gver
TO enable Congress to abolish slavery in those places
given prevent State by State laws interfering with III.
constitutional right of shareholders taking their slaves int
such places, a example Of its purpose.
State Legislature, if the legislation were not exclusive ID
Congress- might interfere with the domestic relations and
private rights of President, Of members of the Senate
and House OF Representatives of any Of the other officers
Of the Federal Government whose duties required their
tendance residence at the seat Of governments and espec
ally So when coming from the slave States with their family
domecs, if the seat Of government should happen be
located in non-save State. Sand" as Mr.. Madison ar
gued in the Fedealst Gas il is be appropriated this
use, with The consent Of the State ceding the State
will no doubt provide in the campac for the rights and the
consent of the citizens inhabing as the inhabitants
of tn Will.
ling parties to the cesson they will have had their voice
in the election of the governments which is exercise au-
thoriy over them municipal gislature for local pur-
poses, derived fem their suages will of be
allowed them, and the authority Of the Legislature of the
Slate, and Of the inhabitants Of the coded part of it, to
concur in the cession will be derived from the whole people
Of the State in their sdoption of the constitutions every
Imaginable objection seems to be Obvaed. The necessity
Of like authority forts, magazines &c. established
by the General Government is not less evident" All OBJ
ectons and scrupes here also obvaed by requiring
concurrence of the States concerned in every such estab
lishment."
So of the power to dispose of and make all needfu rules
and regulations respecting the territory" Mr. Madison
marks this power of very great Importance and
qured by considerations similar those which show the
propriety Of the former"
What slave State would have the purchase Of
these places within its limits had it been understood this
power Of exclusive legislation could be extended prohibit
the introduction Of their slaves, domestic pro-
perry, into these places #."
5th AS magma charta guaranyng life, liberty, and pro
perry, and securing equality Of rights and privileges the
citizens of all the States the constitution directly opposed
to such construction Of the clauses in question AS
have already show the principle adopted for fixing the
share of each State of representative power in the Federal
Government and of liability direct taxation slavery
cognised in the constitutions both private, domestic
aion OF PERSONS and property in the labor and services
of these domesics Congress- then, is here positively pro-
hbed by the bill Of rights from passing any law to destroy
this domestic relation destroy this property any where
can never he taken from the but by due
scpf Nv hu
the legislative executive power deprive him of it. but
for public use and then only upon due compensation Nor
the judiciary deprive him of it. but at the instance of
some one claiming by superior title under the laws where the
property title acqured-no matter whether the trial
OF such right be in State in Territory, the District
OF Columbia, or in any other place.
Congress has much power abolish the domestic rea
ton Of husband and wife, parent and child, guardian and
ward master and apprentices in the District of Columbia
the domestic relation Of master and slave. It would be
easy show that law abolshng the is as necessary
and proper for carrying into execution their powers
Federal Government, at the seat of government law
abolshing the domestic relations of and slave
9Th. The constitution, and all laws and treaties made pur-
suant to it, have their force and effect supreme law in
each Of the States by the sovereign will Of the people of the
State, in conventions declared by their ratification Of the
stution. 1t is impossible the Convention of any slave
State cud have understood that in ordainng establish
ing this supreme law they providing law to prohibit
the extension Of slavery by forbddng the removal Of their
citizens with their families and property, purchasers
and settlers into Territories belonging u the United States
prevent their citizens from residing entering the
miles square, purchased for seat of places
purchased for needu public buildings within the slave States
but only with their consent They could not have under.
stood intended that the nonsave States alone, should
settle and purchase lands in the Territories and be admitted
into the Union non-save States, until the number of the
slave States should become three fouhs Of the States and
then, by amendment Of the constitutions delegate
power to Congress to abolish slavery in the States themselves
They thought Of it. objection their ratification
Of the constitution, that law could be made under it,
abolishng slavery in the slave States and that such law
would have the force and effect of supreme law in each slave
State il by the sovereign will of the people Of such State
ordained in Convention. The slave States morally in
capable Of entering into any binding constitutional compact
Of Unon thus providing for their selfdesrucon
mites and States.
The delegation of such power by threeourhs Of the
States would not be amendment, but q fundamental
change If the constitution much change Of the
Federal Representative Government of the United States
omnpotent sovereignty Of king lords and commons like
the King Parliament of Great Brtain with no other re-
strant upon its unlimited sovereign will than the checks and
balances and magma charta OF private unaenabe rights which
alone controls the sovereignty of the British Government
thus destroying all the fundamental principles of sovereignty
in the people of the States of the Union of the States
independent soveregnes Of the representative character Of
the Federal Government Of the delegated Of its
powers and of its existence supreme law by the will of
the sovereign people in each State upon which the consu
ton is founded
These clauses Of the constitution for the disposal Of the
public lands and for the exclusive legislation Of Congress in
the ten miles square, purchased for Of government
and places acquired for need public buildings being wholly
subordinate proper and carry into
cuon the express delegated accomplish the general
purposes for which the Union framed cannot by any
legitimate Interpretation, be construed beyond these express