The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-06-28

argument
able member would have failed ai once i is enough 70
say that the Supreme Court has decided directly and dis
tnciy the very point that the authority Of ths United
ygOrs. to exempt lands from taxation when new State
what Is the result of this bill What has become 81 Ill
better; / is better without them, Consent makes il no
better that is the language OF the coursheir unani-
nous language Therefore. think the honorable sena-
he proposed the law which he did propose in the
act for the admission Of California, in omitting all
reference 70 that act The third section Of this bill
and il was thought that this section would satisfy
and remove objection, was introduced for that
sdS and a s stands $ s.0dg @ f the
that section as with it. What is i6ere 70 overturn the
law Of nations. the history Of our government What il
Of becoming the owner Of the public andsl Why upon
the very tace Of her constitution she acknowledges the
right Of the United States; she goes in the ninth
shall be disposed Of and taken Of by the legislature
which may be granted to her by the United States ls
not that an admission that the PUBLIC lands in that Ter
rtory belong to the United States Wemus 80 with this
case, think according to our own judgment We must
regard substance and not form. II anything be estab
shed BY aw anything be settled BY the experience OF
the government the Of the admission OF half the
States now in the Unonf anything be settled by the
solemn decision Of the highest udcaure of the soun-
tie puc hs
sion Of State founded upon any idea that public domain
necessarily adheres to State sovereignty tssgsss&
Now, sir, hope the honorable member from Louisiana
Mr. SoULE will reconsider il that he will look to what
has been decided that in this important emergency he
will consider whether is worth his while TO stand upon
and whether is not rather his duty to
conform to the usages and practice, and to the laws
and adjudication OF the country The honorable senator
is younger than the most OF us; but be will allow me
say him that il will be very doubtful whether, in
his career as public man. however long i shall be
continued. be will arrive at more important exigencyn
the public service than before him. He has taken
INN a RI n n
full part in amendments Of this bill He has accom-
plished that which be and his friends think important n
us now to accomplish his own work. and will he not re-
consider his objection to the admission OF California
For ns say g ~ e shsss oSsconas gUnd
less he say there is something in the law the
statutes, OF the decisions Of the country something 10
conclusion that this is common case. an ordinary case
that every doubt about il is shut up and concluded by
solemn judicial DECISIONS and, so far this objection
goes that he ought to withhold withdraw HIS objec
lion to the admission Of California
Then there other objections. He says that the
boundaries wrong that they are extravagantly large
that they are unnatural and that they are impotc.
Now, SIR, this is question which must very much de-
pend upon the nature Of the country AT an early period
Of the session expressed an opinion that still hold,
opinions and that is, that if the thing before
now, could not make better boundary for California
han is made in her constitution. ormrd that opinion
from my notion OF the conformation of the country, OF
he nature OF its SOIL and OF the circumstances connected
with it. The gentleman says il is three times the amount
sasn q are noa Than ss
lines as many desert mountains-more than three times
many inaccessible and rocky hills than in any other
State OF the Union The quesonis how much land is
ul how much can be made to contribute to the subjectof
and society," With respect to that, sir, am
every gentleman that looks at i must be Of the opinion
hat although California must have avery great seaport
md large city two, vel, for agricultural products
be whole State Of California, il now is can never be
made equal to quarter part of the State Of Illinois.
IL fret MA anf lspao
If, from the eastern bottom OF the Sierra Nevada,
ling TO the Ga is desert OF sand absolute and entire
skng of 10000 or 1000 miles Of the territory and
ne mountains There along the valleys OF the Sacra
nento and the joaquin undoubtedly good land There
ea but on the whole, nobody can say that Of the
quantity Of tolerabe and good land there is any ex
ess On the contrary. there is much less than belongs
o many OF the States OF the Union. stte ~ 4
Then, there is another consideration With what would
ou South California il you disconnected her
With North California and what is the value Of South
california disconnected with North California Look
pom the map. Suppose you the line 80 deg. 30 mn
rom the sea down to New Mexico. What have youl
iou have the mounians-you have this vast tract Of
have looked at the matter pretty thoroughly, and think
rom sources that everybody viii regard as the beet-I
hnk there be, at most, in what would constitute
quare miles of practicable land that could be titled The
ountry is good grazing country, and the mountains
re very well adapted to that But we speak OF ine
the climate well as the surface; for gentlemen viii
lease to remember that in this part OF California eight
months OF the year roll without drop OF rain from
be Clouds and there is not In the whole OF II any land
hat can be cultivated without irrigation. So small are
he streams when you depart from the two riversSac-
amento and San Joaqun-tha they do not supply water
nough for the cultivation OF very small portion OF the
and that might otherwise be made III for cultivation
Vha then, would be the value OF this country The
from louisiana contends for II the right OF the
south Is there any value in il more than nominal right
,oud the South make any OF that territory Y were
erritory free from restraint 4 think not How Isl
ossble for southern slavery, such as we have mere,
be employed in such region as that Is y not tnere
ore, mere dispute without having snoslanua vaiue
4 stake, whichever way the result may Der NJ
think the case should be considered In its substantial
.nect We ough ali to look at il, and what s the
oost pract;ca good we do. The honorable member
rom Louisiana proposes to make the line OF 80 deg 30
min the line commonly called the Missouri Compromise
ine-a boundary. Now, is that pracicablei Does the
honorable gentleman and his friends suppose thai either
ress any such thing can be done-ookng to the fact
hat this Southern California part OF California, within
er established boundaries have yet TO learn, though
have heard il suggested 10 the contrary that there s
nv disposition or wish the part OF the people, IRON
Monterey down to San Diego to be by themselves. and
onstute State BY themselves. find that member
4 this constitutional convention OF California, Mr.
rom San Angeles, the early part OF the debate hav-
M got into some warmth OF discussion with northern
nember suggested such idea. He, however, took IL
ack subsequently, will be upon page 446 OF the
eg 30 min desire to up for themselves or 70 have
ny other government than this or to be associated
therwise than they are. II is 10 be rememoered
AR President that this Lower California s the old part