The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1850-08-27

ridge and Rocky Hill II is somewhat of darker
red than the stone found at Newark, being quite
grantees; and, when il is breathed upon, il emts
q strong arRiac, Gus odor, and by exposing il to
all and moisture, il readily decompsses. Ii is q
compound OF alumine, iron and slick, with an in
considerable quantity OF sulphur, and may be
called ferruginous shst. IL Is very brittle rock,
regularly sranttd, and splits into very thin
lamine, and, in all probability, in many places, it
rests upon good reesoBe Southt ast of this RIDGE
and near Princeton, however, there are quite ex-
celient red and white freestone. somewhat similar
TO that found in the Preakness Ridge.
An alluvial elevation of the secondary formation,
lying between Brunswick and Kingston, like the
hills Of the Nevsink, is composed OF white sand and
ceiortd clay, which contains beds of fenuginous
svnd and pudding stone AT Trenton, the south
western portion Of this district there is some prm-
i've rising through the secondary into craggy
rocks, which essume granite character, and vary
iron loose mcaceous sbale TO granite of a hard
and massive nature, composed mostly Of hard and
compact eneiss The falls of the Delaware at the
head OF tide are formed by this rock II then ex-
tends in southwestern directitn through the State
ot Pennty wanna Large and beautiful specimens
OF ziicon have been taken fom the bed of the
Delaware near Trenton, forms mass of this rock.
We have now described the most popuous, and
no doubt, the most wealthy portion of the State of
New Jersey. Of course The soil is not so gene
rally productive as the limestone of the primitive
and o nsition regions; but il is well cultivated,
and divided into neat and numerous truck farms,
frem which all kinds of excellent produce is sent
10 the markets of New York and Philadelphia.
The manufacturing establis kments, also, furnish
vast amount of wealth, and afford tolerably good
market for farm productions.
In numeratiDg the different kinds of minerals
in this division, we have not mentioned that of
copper, which is found in this secondary formation
in considerably large quantities Nearly century
ago, several Jumps OF virgin copper, which weighed
IN the aggregate, upwards OF 200 pounds, were
ploughed up IN a field belonging to a gentleman
namtd Phillip French, ar New Brunswick. This
led to the discovery OF quite mass of copper ore
in mine. A company was formed to work it, but
they never were very successful in their operations
The stones everywhere around this mine are
highly colored, and beautiful copper pyrtes
found in the adjacent quarries Another mine,
near Bellvile, on the Passsic, was discovered in
l7l9, by Aren't Schuyler. This mine was never
worked very advahtageeusly, and after passing
through the hands Of several companies, il was
finally abandoned, and has not been worked for
many yeers; although the ore ia of good quality,
and might, with prudent industry, be mined in
quantities sufficient TO yield handsome profit.
There are many veins which might De worked
with profit especially those which lie near the sur
face, and which is said TO contain stamp ore. The
most vaus BILE vein Of this character, is embedded
in stratum of frees'one from twenty to thirty
feet thick, and ir called pipe vein Ii dips about
Twelve degrees frsm the horizon, rather by ire
gulsr inclination than straight line, and increases
in richness with its depth The ore of the princi-
pal veins yields from 90 to 70 per cent Of copper.
IL il said that this mine contains good quantity OF
silver ore. There is still another mine north OF
Somervlle, which contains, according to Doctor
Toirey. native copper in irregular masses, phos-
pbste of copper, carbonate Of copper, green red
oxide Of copper, the massive variety crystallzed
in octahedra, native silver in small masses, green
quartz, chryssprase, porchnile," Zee.
These form the general geological features Of
the secondary formation Of the State Of New Jer-
sty. and my next letter will contain a description
of the third and last. ID. w. b.