Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1850-04-12

and orerners could be fairly brought into Tile account DIS
~ 7enrcscntayc numbers but for any other purpose
's =" @ or,rances and 10 swell the roll of required
nnnuso ono mirht az well count the passing soldiers OF
travelling regiments, VINO are .ro j "na ia, ;h,
oS suilr,uccyclued no onca shared in framing the con-
su,ion and when il completed az rote9 'or a. 4in.
Dasere, nrs not lack the OF supporting STATE Go
an,n.,i 80 Dr. Cwin thinks California does and she
go makes known her memorial 10 congress asking aus
sion State, which declares az ;o, ., .r ;,;;
sand whereas there is now stltnceht NUMBER Oh inav
duals residing within the State oil Deseret 70 support d
government thereby reiierg The General Government from
Inc rpensc Of territorial government IN maj secfto' ana IN
eridene of h the Inhabitants hare already erected legs
atre hail equal os end surpassed tyJeo IN the oldest
Sstes, your memoasts, therefore ASK yoHf mol9aaoe
with the Constitution and usascs o! the Federal Govern
msnt tia, the Constitution accompanying this memorial be
ratified and that tie Slate Of DESERT DC aced INTO me
in;on on an canal footing ,sht the other Sales dc.
5rh But Deserct possesses far weghier advantage over
California than any of these, in TIE c'net OF oonnoarics
between the TWO and wholly and wanony the ialt OF the
C,;frni Convention that is If California is chargeabc
will, knowledge of tie fac. that Deserel aa formed her
CONSTITUTION and assumed her limits after the lapse o seven
onth from The ,a,e thereof hut whether she knew il
not cannot alter the rights resulting from por appropa-
ons Of Territory there be any such rgh IN ecr 10 a
nropriar TO their arbitrary uses the publc DOMAIN OF
the several without the prior sanction OF Congress
PASSING this bv remark that the Convention OF Desere IN
fixing h-r Western limits pursued TIC nut" nc n9,n on
South the Nevada and at the line oil 81 81 runs
nearly due line South 10 Santa Barbara on inc racine nj
the gain degree of North latitude, thence South Easiey
along The meanderngs OF the ocean 10 the mexican border
thence East with that boundary line &C., &C. consequently
fronting on he Pacific TWO degrees OF latitude from the
2ih 10 The 32d Her dimensions like those of California,
are monstous admit and such Congress ought never 10
assent 10 but after she had formed STATE constitution
whatever territory she embraced in her State limits could
moi be ntrucd upon taken from her by any authority
ss ar other than that Of Congress Her title good and
perfect against all other claims but those OF the United States
Until the 0! Congress took place, no other territorial
Government could be formed within her limits Stlliess could
any other territory without the previous sanction Of Con-
erss seize upon and appropriate TO her own limits vast por,
lion Of The very territory already into the State OF
fhnI
her of people the right without the previous sanction o
Congress assemble in convention upon the national Ter
ri,ory form their Constitution and State government
and x upon heir boundaries las IS now conehdca of
in the case of California; and is Impossible TO resist the
conclusion that the State OF Dcseet had an absolute llu
ny Of limits against the aggressive legislation o California
fore either moved towards State organization they pos
sessed equal rights any rights 10 fix upon their own boun
daresbut those equal rights were converted mo peter
rights and ercisire rights in favor CT the territory fs en-
tclng upon State organization. Now lei US see what nap
pened California, possessing rn the limits teh.c he SLATE
Of Desert had left her beins the whole territory & e
Sierra Nevada and the ocean, no less IMAM 9oooo square
miles, after running down the Sierra Nevada from the IA 10
80 deg. 80 min OF North latitude, for some unac-
countablc reason the mountain over into De-
seret aud runs Il South eastory line for 100 miles
through the heart Of her territory. and without u,
show OF single natural boundary until The line reaches
the Rio Colorado, thence down that river 10 The Next
can UNDERSTANDING with that boundary line 10 the
sea- and actually embracing Srre thousand square miles
ot the Stas OF Desect But this is mol the mos SIN
gur and nexpcabe feature OF this extraordinary AFFAIR." fol
General Raey through his procamaon actually summoned
the people Bqrara PnJid de los AngoS and San
fjeeO 10 choose delegates the California Convention
though those Districts their inhabitants together with
those o Santa Bunrenra and San Gabriel hud every one
hem been Incorporated nto months before ana became
and We're until Congress asaPprOred citizens o inc STATE
of Dese,t Thus under poInptings from Washington and
through the proclamation of federal executive ofhce were
the rights Of the Desere wholly dsresardcd four
teen Of her citizens, Constituting nearly one-rd ~ me ho!e
Conraon chosen by the people OF those districts ana IN
weighed into The California Convention to assist IN the ior
nation of State government 10 which they and me people
!
ever such state Of things before Here are two
new States claiming admission into the Union with oo'-
dairy lines crossing each other and embracing rtW We
limits Of each IS 600 square mile, 81 the some Identical lerri-
torylareer than OF the Atlantic States, amp
which either could dispense with and have territory remain
ing each sufficient in for the formation oil or
States OF cac Here all The large districts ~
Ing South OF 3Ga 80 mn and fronting OH the Pacific, cal-
cd by both OF these States situate within their re-
spcciive mitswhc The people who inabt them are und'-
mousiy the formation Of STATE Government with
either If Congress in these turbulent times was what the
Constitution designed should at all times bea deCeraee
bodycould have ioe-lhought that II would nave
taken hours thinking TO decide that neatr OF these
admissible with their present conflicting and
monster dimensions, A. California tho thing would bc
absolutely impossible because all her boundary lines IN con-
ct with those of Deserei were null and void ab no under
The prior and therefore, better and exclusive right of the
S,ie of )nsect Until Dc5erets right to those boundaries
had been disposed ofby Congress- not the shadow OF right
could ORIGINATE in California claim thcm While Deseret
constitution awaited the action of Congress- no portion
Of her territory had right to representation or could
have been legally represented in the California Convention
votes and if the matter had nothing 10 % with ne
anti sirrery ercemen should maintain with great conf
dcnce that their sitting there and voting there ytiated The
whole California Constitution, for who could say how many
important FEATURES may have been introduced into or
Guided fromha Constitution through the casting from time
10 time those II votes? Who could say that the Con IL
tuon il is just what il would have BEEN had no
participated in lis framing and adoption but those VINO
had legitimate right 10 do 50! have the authority % Mr.
senator DAYTON Of the soundc; lawyers in the Senate
the position that California through her own nautho-
rzed oganizaton became and Is state ne Gcfo ana as no
force of ingenuity discriminate between her and Dcserct
the dsparagement of the latter the passage here quote
from his speech applies with equal force and pertnency 10 the
institutional conditions Of both He says:
California sir Isl S'as-a State de jae,9 II exercises
shall be State dc ur depends upon The action o! this Gov
cnment ShehGs leifia herself The porers, all herighs
and is charged rM oil Tie obligations Qt State She
has adopted the character OF Government which was in her
power. upon principles Of National Law. She could n"'
adopt territorial form Of Government is the creature
o federal legislation S has rihn htrS non all the ec-
mtlts rights and poWer~ OF Il S:afc."
70 CLOSE this natter will pu, for tine judgment OF
every conscientious man in Congress Suppose months
after iowa had formed her State Constitution and before she
had applied for admission into the Union that the people oi
TIE co,ernnous territory OF Minnesota had taken il into
heads become State had assembled in Convention
formed State Constitution and stretched South her boun
iary line embrace 10000 Of the 81 1000 square
miles OF the State Of Iowa. and suppose that both nj thcS,
States were applying for admission at the ensuing es
sion Of Congress, Minnesota having chosen her Senators
and Representatives Congress- and Iowa is there
one member OF either House, who under such circum-
stances, and apart from all anti-slrery issdes can
lay his hand upon his heart and say that boil. could
admitted with their conflicting boundary lines and they
he would have favored and insisted upon the admission
Of the State OF Minnesota. embracing trois ofMe Terri
tory Of ia, and given Iowa the go-byi There is mem
who will and who prizes national justice
its proper worth, with the dignity unoundec
mpu,aon, who would not be offended the supposal.-
What then MtaHdo n0nliae dc lilo fnbua narratur.-
Change but the namesubsttte California for Minnesota
Desert for Ira and you have The very under de-
bate WITH THE PREGNANT EXCEPTIONS, THAT CALrrORNA
EXCLUDES SLAVERY FROM HEE BORDERS DEsERET DOES
i SoT--ASD THAT CALIFORNIA DEBARs THE SorTH
. GRAFTON SETTLEMENT 5000 SQUARE THE
ACTUAL THE STATE DEsERET ITSELF, wIIIci
THE CONSTITUTION OF THE LATTER LEFT rSTRAMMELLEp AI
FREE FROM ALL EEsTRIcTIoSs How il possible IL
Other way for the absolute uror which RACES in The
Halls ol Congress for the admission of California Just
size IS in face and defiance tic knowledge possessed by
every member of Congress- Through the printed proceedings
Of the Convention embracing her excellent Constitution
with the proceedings of the Legislature of the State of De-
ere hereon thai nearly one half of her incorporated limits
mad been spoiaed from the limits appropriated by Deseei
her exclusive months before when she became
STATE d faco and which became and immuabc and
inyiuahc but under the authority of Congressl will
only add, that il The territory South of SO deg. 80 min.
shall remain incorporated in the State of California in face
OF these obstacles have presented il will be instance
the might and despotism Of numbers popular and
ver,gn rights and interests without parallel in the legs-
.lntiy of he Look n From all