The New York herald., 1850-01-28
Cur Berlin Correspondence.
bEHLIN, JdHUdTy 1, To
Afaiys in Germany IN 1919.

Cur Berlin Correspondence.
BERLIN, January l, 1850.
Affairs in Germany in 1919.
The year 1919, so fatal to popular liberty In Eu-
rope, and so fatal to many thousands whom tho
revolution has hurried into an untimely grave, has
ended amid the shouts with which the approach OF
another ear the usual course of time, is greeted.
The recollection Of the past twelve months is
ffaueht with pictures Of slaughter and blood she'd,
executions and dungeons, and dying martyrs and
heroes; and probably few periods of history, even
in the middle ages, can show more crnel and bar
barous acts, committed within the space of brief
| year. War. the most sanguInary and cruel, since
carried on not between different nations, but be-
tween kindred and people, has the vitals
of Europe; Austria and Germany, the countries Of
| the Danube, of the Elbe, OF the Maine, and the
| Rhine, have been the scenes OF war, aad of
mortal struggle between the trends and foes Of
liberty. Hungary and Western Germany are sll
bleeding from the wounds received in that conflict,
and which Will not heal for many years TO come.
Throughout the interior Of Europe, calamity has
visited thousands of families and individuals
while the hopes Of millions have been crushed.
Hungary has snccumbed after desperate aad
gallant struggle, carried on single handed against
The united forces OF the two empires of Austria aud
Russia. She has succunbed after In vain having
asked Tor assistance from every civilized nation OF
the earth, but received merely the hollow assurance
OF sympathy; while Europe, and the cause of hui
manly might have been saved, II but sne nation
had given the example, that the enlightened people
OF The nineteenth century IN every part of the
world, Will not sufier war OF oppression to 90 on
in opposition to every principle OF right With tae
all Of Hungary, absoluiism has been rs-estab shed
everywhere throughout Europe. In France the
counierrevolutioD mad already previously become
a fat socomgli, but has since made raoid pro-
grtss. In Italy, Rome, Venice, and Lombardy,
have been restored to absolute government;
while Sicily Is subdued, and has again been
made province OF Naples, under the tyran-
nioal government OF the Bourbon king Ger
many, during the past year, presented a scene
OF distraction and confusion which even des-
potism has not yet been able 10 reduce to anything
like order and system The constitution which
was completed lrst spring by the National Assem-
bly, at Frankfort, was To unite the German States
in one empire, AID to create the King Of Prussia
Emperor Of Germany. The dazzling bait of an
imperial diadem was held out 10 Frederick VIII
liam to induce hln TO accept that constitution, aad
pledge himself 10 maintain the rights and liberties
guaranteed by the same. lie rejected the brilliant
offer. ard with n the constitution, which was
shortly alter generally repusiated by the German
cabinets. Public irritation IN many Of the States
On the rejection Of the constitution settled by the
National Assembly, which had been daily elected
by the people, and recognised by the govern
mentt-bIoke out IN open rebellion. Almost si-
nuantously, the people rose in saxcny, Bavaria,
and Baden, while they were prepared 10 rIse in
nearly every State of Germany. For an instant, it
st,mtd az II the German nation were determined
10 def, nd the Liberties already sealed by the blood
cf the revolution and to carry into effect the con-
stitution established the law Of Germany by the
National Assembly. The insurrection IN Saxosy.
however, was quelled by means ct Prussian IN
te:yenuon IN that State. The cabinet OF Dresden
calis in the assistance OF Prussan troops, disaf-
fecuon having spread likewise among the Saxon
military. The barricades in the capital Of Dresden
were taken after several days hghtng, and The
insurrcctIon mastered throughout SAY -
state of sieee and martial lao 81. ine
ihst kingdom. Th- r.volp,;o, w. 1911. ~ ~
western -...-ny. had already takes an orgaoised
.-.u. The Baden troops had rone ovsr ~ vp7s,,
g The people. A part Of the Bsvsrian troops had
gone .ne seme. free corps, OF companies, Of
yS'"nitsrs were iormsd throughout the Grand
duchy OF i,sss.n and the Banarisn province on the
Rhine. Al the western Ss.fas cf Germany re-
solved 10 mantsln the constitution, and support the
National Assembly. The second Prussian inter.
yenuon IN Germany was undertaken on = still
larger scale than the fret. The Prussan Tandtrehr
was called out; and an army, under the command
Of the Prince OF Prussia, sent against the rebel
States. The campaign was opened; but the supe-
nor discipline ot the Prusson troops. and. above
all, the aversion Of the German people 20 40 to
extreme measures ne long as there exists glimpse
OF hope that matters be settled otherwise soss
showed that the cause OF the insurgents was lost
one, one city after the other fell into the hsais
Of the Prussihn troops. Wherever the insnrKents
offered resisfance, they were driven back and,
While the command OF the insurrec ectionary forces
he'd been entrusted TO Polish general, aad none
81 the leaders were able TO inspire confidence or
respect, The people gradually abandoned a cause
which had become desperate and hopeless The
lest part 81 the campaign had almost become
q farce, which ended with the surrender Of
Rastsdt, the last fortress or city in pos
session of the insurgents. The National
Assembly, after having travelled from city to
city like troupe ot stfolling actors, claiming the
! prctecuon Of the reople, was obliged TO dsperse
| and thus ended the second German revolstion OF
| the year lSIs. The tragedy, which followed .. 10
too painful to dwell upon Those who escaped the
| sentence of death. were condemned TO imprson-
mtnf: while prosecutions were commenced against
all, who bad in the renotest degree taken part 10
| The insuuec,un. Most of these prosecutions are
| pendinR still, while the persons implicated are
lodged IN piison II estimated, that in State
| oi Germany alone, Saxony, the number OF per-
| cons involved in the revolutionary movements Of
| last sttumrrer, sgsinst whom prosecutions going
on, is eight thousand; while the dungeons In every
Sia,e ere filed with political prisoners, and ruIa
has thus been brought on thousands Of families.
| Civilization turns with horror frorn the scenes of
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