The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1850-01-05

I will, in every instance, bring much more THAI
sufficient to pay duties and other charges-leav
= ing out any reference to first cost.
4 In this extraordinary position of aiflrs, the
state of the cmigrators Is of primary Importance
especially Of that portion composed Of women
and cllildren many will arrive des,itute-some
even lose their husbands and fathers Houses
cannot be obtained for one half of this vast IN
crease of people, nor will all provide themselves
with tent or even bush sheds The cold viii
not inconmoie then corners, except those who
may 20 10 the mountainous parts of tie S8Cra-
meuto and joaquin. In January and February
however the rain viii Ill. AsaEoucra! thing the
innate Is advantageous to the coming thousands
and IN the course Of time with the lmmUEsc aud
peculiar prospects before Us, a large proportion,
after some Individual eases of suffering viii set
tie themselves and subsequently obtain gradual
improvement If their state and situation. The
want Of schools must be felt for some time to
come al least within the vicinity Of the Placer
Monterey Pueblo de san Jose, san francisco ami
Bciuca have each good school paving thc pre-
ceptpr 1900 to two thousand dollars u year
These towns have also each protestant clergy
man settled among them III, town, ot Monte
rev san Jose, Snta Barbara and Pueblo dc les
Angeles, have each Cathotc chur,ly> with Mex
can padres, and are wl@l attended. Tie whole
Territory Of CaIif,r has scarce public huid-
u-g, exclusive Of the town # Monterey, which
contains two that were built prior -u 1916. This
town h,, ai,o a wharf hu't M 1873 and some
buildings an . fertilization erected under III,
command OF Col Ml.ouin 3 ami AS. ami q fine
s'un" building iur school AMI court house. and
state convention bIiit an .yr tic Als.io,,hiV OF
Waller Cotton. En-.
The prospects ol California are !lr,'u,iH- IN Che
perspective, more SO than that Of any other new
~ .t,. 10
mate Of most parts i, Mid and cunyuIal, vet
.chanyrablc-t!c Sacramento and Joaquin are
prolific Of Jlsu9 and fever uf tie worst turu> aud
rheumalit complaints on the coast are prevalent.
The mornings are invariably the most pleasant cu
the sea coast. especially at Monterey and san
lmurI.cp-th nights Throughout the country are
cool. At Santa Barbara and the lower Pueblo
/ there i experienced little ~ no frc The town
OF san Diego now without trade !, Of little con
,cqucnyc.-St that place the climate /, the mild
rst and most -aubrivu. in al Alta California
The rivers throughout ti, Territory are low
most OF the year and can De passed Rams ia
November increase until f,bruary-they :hrn de
crease until April During the summer rain may
fall once in thccour~r Of five or ,A ycar- but not
,ui'iscu, to satante the ground. In the months
Of December AMI January rain J., the most cori
ous From tie jr.u-lt la the -umu,r mouth.
vegetation become, muh parlei On some ran
chos Farms the grass fails for the cattle at the
drie-t -ca,on The farmers are always de.r-
on. that s.lug rain should I'll! la April Go u.i,tru
their ltnd just previous to their riou-linc before
planting beans, corn and potatoes. A Vvr-ouuot
acquainted wiki the soil and climate Of California
would doubt It. capacity to produce any grain-- /
vet wheat Yields abundautly. Gardens In town,
require wells, excepting the two pucblos and So.
noma where there are good streams Of water the
country adjacent to which is best adapted to grl-
eng. The government have here horses and
mules kept up and fed on barley and wild oats in
May and june individuals viii also DO the same
Oats and clover grow spontaneously over the
c uu'ry and within the reach Of every man. For
mcrly horses and bUllocks were worked but few
days and then turned out to craze u many weeks,
when these animals sold for 10 SO each and
breeding mares to 80. This plan to a Califorui.
an presented IL advantages. The American far
mer will do more work and to more advantage
with four or five horses and 20 or 80 cows and
steers, than the natives to this day with hundreds
or thousands Of stock
Eggs are from to g 4 dozen: hens to p |
each, Turkeys ( to s. piece butter SIG 80 4 |
pound; potatoes by the pound to ; cents; tur- |
nips and cabblces etc still higher and offer other
advantages TO the farmers than raising cattle But
few or none have engaged in supplying, towns
with the fruits If gardens, orchards and the rich
products Of the dairy. Til, viii al be done at
less prices but very rcmuncratins ones, even when
the golden sands Of California have been turned
oyeragain and again-washcdan and rewa,hcl and
rs soil dclycddeep into for the precious until
nearly valuclcss For some wears however, the
lat1rS Of the hard working aud frugal gold digger
will yie,l him fair compensation if he can avoid
the clll!s and fever of July, August anu Scptem /
Der.
The whites have in several instances destroyed |
Indians in the Placer who in turn have ret'lH'ed |
Ills warfare Will continue until the Will man and
owner Of the placer is exterminated Tlis may !
cause the people to have more tame Indian SER
ants a. the wild ones will seek the towns where /,
many get constant employ. The real cause VI |
tue shedding Of blood i the too common cnmity |
OF the white man towards the aborigiucs Of our |
country AMI too many caring only to get a !ars, |
share OF the riches Of the placer as free lAbrcr-
look tamcly on the atrocities they NAV see perpc |
trated. Before 1850 the two very distinct races |
vii! be separated into parties in the Placer. By the
Spanish and English languages being the yernac |
ulnr Of each, AMI will very likely be brought into |
fierce and deadly conflict. Those Of Spanish ex |
traction far out number the Americans though |
this by the latter will not he considered worth Il |
thought. Numbers opposed to them in battle ar
~ "l IL-ftl NilltI
brough, into collision with Yankee ingenuity /. |
sUbyertcd or ovcrthrown. However. the Amer
cans IN this country will ina short period outnum
Der the foreigners, and from the present time
Mexican and south American emigration ththcr
warl must decrease; and Nv ISL the cmigrant-
uom Europe viii not outuumber our own country
myu
In all the astonishing influx of people We have
practical Ects Illustrating TINT the absence Of good
laws cannot ,tagnatc commerce OF cru h the ,ncr
gies of tie people Each Alcaldc Of the dtyr.
cnt Jurisdictions has some form mode aud practice
Of administering TIE law These are for theory.
IN prmt-but little IN practice, "r known to the
judges or justlceS--of course less known to the
people Yet peace and good orderarr fairly ,us-
tanned, and robbery and murder are not Of hourly
occurrence Whore there i. no known or even
practice Of law, lawyers can have but little legal
business. liy the time there is business ior them,
the present attorneys who are in this country,
will, by having other means Of making a fortune
be able 10 live Ike the mass of the people
! General Riley IA governor of Californiahas in
proclamation requested or accommodated the PEG.
! pie Of the country To meet in their respective
towns the lst day Of August next, To choose for
each different district Judge, project and two sub
nlpplt ia r,l..