Weekly national intelligencer., 1850-11-09
AGRICULTURAL GEOLOGY.
ron THE NATIONAL rsrrILrsxscrn.
BIT JOSIAH NOTEBOOK.


ron THE NATIONAL IsrELLIsEScER.
Mcasa compound Of oIydes compounded than either
quartz or edPar 1t contains all the oxydes entering into
both these minerals with the addition Of manganese much
used for bleaching salts Chloride Of me) Mica also con-
tans traces Of the scate Of magnesa-the article used in
the manufacture Of epson salts and other chemicals This
sicate, its denotes sex or the oxyde Of
sicum has been found by the progress Of geology 10
large quantities, both in Pennsylvania and Maryland From
it have been made various chemicals and among them epson
salts (suIphae Of magnesa,) at cheap rate in such
quantities. aud of good quality, entirely supersede the
importation of this article, extensively used for medicinal
purposes In connexon with this scate and other magne-
sian minerals chrome ore chromate of irony has found
and chrome yellow chromate Of lead) made from il with
such reduce the price Of that valuable psin from
fifteen dollars to twenty-five pounds Aus bringing the
benefits Of geology and chemistry every individual in the
communityat least every and who rides in
carriage with yellow paint and every child who
atlas with colored maps.
Mica not important element in sos and in rocks is
less abundant than either quartz dspar Though not
abundant rocks It is Of the three materials Of granite
and has important influence in modifying the character Of
rocks in fitting them both for agricultural and architectural
purposes. gives to gneiss and mica slate both granite
formations facility in being worked into slabs Of greatly
extended surface, fitting them for sidewalks bridges Aoors
farm enclo sures, and ohe purposes These
abundant rocks in granite formations can be readily formed
into slabs Of extended and smooth surface by the use Of
the hamme chise and wedge while rocks not con-
tanning mca require the drill in addition to the other ns,ru
ments named.
Good specimens of mica slate may be seen in the walks
from the National Capitol leading Pennsylvania and Ma
and II is obtained from Bolton Come cticut
If ia he
rial used for sidewalks in Washington as it is for the base
msnts Of all the public buildings progress the na
onal metropolis. It is obtained from the banks Of the
Potomac, from five to eight miles above Washington. In
this exhausess and valuable depe nerspersed
sve very brilliant cubcal crystals Of the sulphurenot
sulphate-of iron, known among miners fools god,
and skingy illustrates the old adage that all is not gold
that gtters.' stg ts
Erpyiment.-ADy person drawing piece Of fsIdspar
quartz and then the quartz edspar
ascertain which scratches the ohe and Of course the
parave hardness Of these two essential elements of Soils the
Oldest friends and the strongest unionists upon globe.
Lime formations ates than dss Cabonates
most abundant various and useful frequently very beaut
full. Common limestone Of different textures and colos
most perhaps ALL the Marbles chalk and crystals Of various
forms and hue the carbonates Of lime about fyour
parts carbonic acid, and ysx quick imeoxyde Of oa
cium. sgi ~ iesy8eI
Next the carbonaes of lime, suphates are most abun-
dan and useful Common gypsum, powerful manure ,
aabaster much used fr under beautiful poEsh
crystals of considerable variety and beauty the uphaes
Of lime. #
Fluate Of lime another cacareous formation. It is known
fuor SPAR also Derbyshire spar receives fine polish
when is used for various ornamental purposes From the
uae Of lime uorc acid is obtained which has the power of
acting glass; By covering any piece of glass with thin
of wax. then cutting through the letters any
figures and exposing the glass TO uorc acid etching pro-
duced the glass The uorc acid is free from the
lime by charging it with sulphuic acid.
Nitrate of lime, though not common, is found in
considerable deposes It has been supposed that would
furnish good material for producing the oxygen gas for the
calcium light Bones the phosphate Of lime. Chloride
Of lime is manufactured article formed by exposing lima
chlorine. 1t first manufactured some forty years
SINCE and is important article in the manufacture
of cotton fabrics It has great bleaching powers.
Every child knows that lime formations especially carbo-
and suphaies alike essential for the purposes of
agriculture and architecture They essential the
greatest fertility of Soils BY proper mixture Of quartz and
edspar sand clay and lime, soil becomes permanently
ere The three may be considered the essential elements
If Soils though sand and clay, without the presence Of lime
produce vegetation Both the suhae and the phosphate of
han essential ingredients in soils.
BY taking review Of the de and aes already presented
forming the elements Of mountains rocks, and Soils
well fail Of being struck with the simplicity, beauy,
Ind practical utility Of geology and chemistry, the very
oundaon Of the most practical knowledge, Of pecu
iay fitted for the very first lessons both in schools and
antilles.
ExrEnIMEEr.B applying the thumb nail and the point
knife to the different lime formations especially the car
,ona,es and suphates may be found which give to the
orme and whether all yield to the latter Their hardness,
compared with each othe also with edspar, quartz and
other minerals may thus be ascerained.
large of land has been purchased in Milan county,
Texas, which is being rapidly settled by Colonization
pany On the 18th ultmo hundred and fse arrived
Liverpool and five hundred of the company
expected to follow shortly. They mainly Of the ag
cultural class.
CoURr MARTIAL has been ordered to board
he United States ship Pennsyvan consisting Of Captain