Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1850-01-03

3D. sa and coal has fallen under the act Ut 1910 from
l1 2 J7 S330 1924 80, taking the average from the
rrctt If ls45'4t and those Of lS4e-4 being an aver
aye dmmuton $7699s2 So The loss Of annual revenue
Sr," ,n NJ ,,i''"''- s9l8,7oi 90
On Hrmpen Goods 81 "a 30 %
ON Sugaf aoI,.dii ~ ~
On salt, 34o4oo W
On Cod, 'O,ooo W
sl,5sO,s9S 90
The gain as fellows: , .oo o.,
On Wuulens, $3oo,o9yS o oo
On Iron, 1lo,24O W
On Hemp manufactured 4O,o7J W
SsIO,95 50
The very small incroa on the staples Of wOoens iron,
and unmanuclured hemp, compared with me vast INJURY
ucclsntd production and the dinnuoh DereOy OF
power of consumption cannot f To attract aehtoh
while the other articles named, the revenue ana pro
dncun have both suffered materially. II Is believed that
h ud be greatly Increased by increasing tue
duties these and other articles.
If. Propose the system of specific duties on
articles on which they can be conveniently ald Inc Ell
Of the present al valvem system are twoold, VIZ; on
the aud avn productions Experience mas,
think, mUnrated, that luokng exclusively to me rev
ciur specific duty easily assessed, more ia"ora
bic To commerce, equal ami less expused to fauu
than any syytm. of urse such duty is not llu
without reference the cost Of the comno0lty
This sy>tum obvates the difficulties and controversies
which attend appais; ment of tue foreign market value
If each invoice, and it imposes equal duty on eqha
quantities Of the commodity. Under th1 ad Vaiufem
tcn good, Of the kind and quality, and between
which there cannot be difference In value in the SAM
mark at any gven time, nevertheless may oiten pay d
IF duty, Thus The hazards ol traue arc
unnecessarily ncr ascd.
10 levy an nd vclurcm duty IN foreign valuation oqna
bly, at the different ports, is believed to be imposslpe
at thu standard If value at any two ports precisely the
same at any given time, is wholly Improbable Fhe iaci
tiles afforded To frauds upon the revenue are very great
and applehended that such frauds have been and DE
habitualy and extensively prctised.
As the standard Of value at every port must al lat De
pend upon of the invoices that passed here
every successful attempt at differentiation renders more
that follow Inc consequences are, not Only
Chat suffers, that cea sum is in effect AN
nualy given by tht public among dishonest Importers as
a pnium for their dishonesty, but that far American i'm
pIrers may be gradually driven out Of the business, ana
their places supplied by unknown and unscnipuos for
tlgn adventurers. AS loug ago 1901 Mr. Gatn urged,
The extension If specific duties on the ground now repeat
edof the prevention of differentiation In his report III
that year he used the following language: "Without any
view of rovunue but in order TO guard, Us
far possible against the vane of goods being moderated
in the invoices, would be egibe to lay specific duties
On all such articles paying duties ad valurem a. may
be ptbe Of that alteration. At that time Spechc
dunes already laid on spirits and wines, sugar mo
ases tea, coffee. salt, pepper, steel, nails ana spikes,
hemp, coal, cUrdage, aud several other articles.
The stu secon of the act Of Both July 1916, made it the
dty OF the collie tor with whe district msrchandlzs
eh ~ ~ o aI n
Hy the ID SECTION OF the act OF the 10th August 1916, II
l. piGv,ded that I" in apPnsng all goods at Any Por! of
but upJn which ad vaurem duties imposed by the act
of 3Jth July last entted act for reducing the duty
imports aud for other purposes, reference shall he had To
values and invoices nf similar goods imported during the
It's, fiscal year under such general and uniform regula
lions for the prevention of frauds and AUTHORIZATIONS,
shall be prescribed by the Secretary Of the Treasury"
II will b. observed that these lastreced provisions do
authorize the evyng of duties the value of similar
merchandise in pfoesdlpg but merely reference
tn value and the Invoices, for the purpose IF aiding in
the entertainment of the value at the time fixed by existing
laws That time was, by circular issued by my predeces
dated 9th Jnly 1917, determined to be the time of the
shipment of the goods. My predecessor issued three
culrs calling the attention of the offers Of the
the provisions of the I'd section ofthe act of 10th August
! Is maj ntpd q
and the thu 18th December, lS48 and there BIZ
~ doubt, exhausted all practicable for preventing
unei vauau and frauds far they could be check
ed by treasury Instructions and regulations. These ers
have been continued by the department but the radical
faults system such. that vigilance, sagacily,
rtguato it believed, have BEEN can be found
eitutual fir the pnrp se.
In england it is believed to have long been settled
pnI thai specific rated duties (Which are ad vaIo
on an assumed vaur in every respect better for
nue. aud tradt than any other system.
The efact of the existing system production is also
striking. 1t tends aggravate the great fluctuations
prlce which injurious to trade well industry.
When prices abroad tey high, the duty is Ugh also
and they fall to very low point the duty is low in
pr p ton. Ii Is sliding scale of the worst kind. lfthe
duy part of tile price, ii renders the extremes of
huctuaton remote from each other, by per centage
range equal Ia the rate Of the duty If the uCtua
ton abroad b. from $50 u $20 the range of $50
50 c4G duty of Sl6 would leave the range still $50 But
at an ad valoem duty of 80 per cent? The highest point
would be Su5, and the lowest $l6 making Hge system
of specific duties On all articles to which they can be CON
venlentiy pplied
IL.
retained, recommend that it be levied The market val
lie in the principal markets of country the time Of
arrival II would he easier TO ascertain at ports such
market vaue than il i To ascertain what that of
foreign 1T past time. Every importer should de
clare the value Of his goods and by giving the up IL
the GOV, rlent take them the price thus declared
lev, the duty the actual value it is probable that
paratvely few Of naturalization would In
cnnneXun with this subject and measure tending tu
thu prevention ufraud, error and want Of uniformity OF
valuation at the various ports Of extended coast,
the appointment of appraisers at large,
whose duty shall be t0vist from time TO tune the differ
ent houses, interchange views, supenlend the
mode of appmisa and suggest such practical reforms
may be deemed necessary TO just and equal enforcement
Of The laws. The provisions Of he constitution,
which require that all duties and mposts shall be uniform
thruughun the United States cannot with Il home
valuat.on be fully and tfftcualy enforced in practice,
wlthuuI system Of general supervision, perfect
in this respect than be established under the existing
provision Of law, which merely gives TO the Secretary of
The Treasury authority direct the appraisers tor any col
lection district attend in my other collection district for
thu purpose of appmsins any goods,wares and merchant
disc imported therein.
w. rhe laying lower duty upon meTated
cles than is imposed upon those which are enumerated,
leads attempts disguise and to controversies and
necessary litigation, which would he avoided by making
The duty on nenumerated articles higher AN the
others.
Different rates of duty nufactures of the same ma.
teral also DcOnvenen and the same remark applies
II the different rates imposed upon the manufactures of
wool aud manufactures of worsted.
The effect Of laying the same or higher rate Of duty on
the raw than is imp sed the manufactured
tice too evidently tends 10 nure industry In cnmpeti
ton with tn Of other countries, require than
passing observation.
The Subueary is declared be Insecure nconvenient,
and expensive. The secretay proposes modification Of
the SYSTEM which shall embre the following provisions
LIST. That any person having draft on an assistant
treasurer b. permitted 10 deposit bis dra with the assist
an. trrasr r. and draw oI the frO tim t. time
in such he may desire, upnn his own orders, pay
nbs tn any person persons provided; that the whole
amount If the draft should be actually drawn within
short perJ say Two weeks AFTER the deposit of the draft
2d That any disbursing officer having draft on an as
be permitted Ia deposit such draft,
es''a''s amount in like manner provided that
rresented for payment within two
ssayisions would, il is believ
TIE NEWSPAPERS Doe.-o '',,' BENZ! beng used as
lhe Evening Gazette has recentIv r rssg..s;.
shgaclGus Dig owned by Mr.. Hawss ~ W. q :
Guy VINO comes regularly 10 the Tracee, co, .u.S
NY room every afternoon, and putting III
VI On the COUNTER receives his master,s ~ 80 ~"
a''d is on to his store This same doo bop ~
81 ways OF his own, which are often am,si h,
1noqgh occasionally little troublesome 0I I;Ig.'
us olped associates IN this world of bns,la Ia
hurry, he requires to be waited on with The lo ~
possible delays aud if he Is not attended r. '' bo
prisste likely to help himself, often making re-.
The pir9 US for our inattention bv taking fror,
dozen. He'soers a mouthiu perhaps half n
Of the Distinctions havevery imperfect IDEAS
much so as any perso'na nle,im and ,pirm---as
fore ON coming to our co1sanoe. n thee
of papers, he casts an imporinK~ finds II baso
room. and if a luckess boy loiters ~,ound ths
Nper {