Weekly national intelligencer., 1850-05-18

Of January the 27lh of March, 1850, Of l6 s57 Ths
number OF deserons from ships, as stated in the memos
before alluded to- 5000, in round numbers. The ocs
report OF the harbor MASTER made the first of March last
to the Legislature states that the "number of officers and
samen who have le their vessels from various causes
4,240 An aggregate Of all these statements will give
the population OF California at drent periods, and will
show the following result On the lst of January, 1919,
there were 26, 200 of these 900 Americans 600
were Cslornans, and 5000 foreigners On the lsl
Of January, 1850. there l07, ,O69; making total
number up to the 9Th Of March, 1880 of add to
this for desertng 24O and you will have total
population up TO the ls Of March Of 1856 266 to which
be added the population which has arrived from the United
States and other places since the time mentioned: have
no eany douot-ndesd am perfectly satisfied in my own
mind, that putting oil these statements together there is
this moment population in California that would enle
to two Representatives, supposng there had been
provision for the fraction exceeding the moey Of the ratio
fixed upon by Congress
Well, upon this question of population, do not wish
to take the time of the Senate Unnecessarily but SIR
will be said that they fresh population Sir they are bone
OF our bone and flesh OF flesh for the greater part They
have lost none OF their intelligence capacity segov
eminent by passing from the United States 10 California
There foreigners there il is true but by our treaty with
Mexico all the Caonans who remained became citizens
the United States in one year. hey did adopt the alter
native OF remaining Mexcans after the treaty of Hdago
signed remark that the Constitution of the United States
itself nowhere fixes any Of residence sufficient to con-
stue an individual or portion of the people of the
United States The language Of the constitutions in the ad
/" the people" and "number." think, them that how
ever long or short time they may have been there, they
ought TO be represented somewher those who have
LETT the United States and gone here-,here is little do,
that al this moment there number of citizens of the Uni
ted States sufficient to ente CaforDa two representa-
tives. Well, sir they not represented and will
be represented in the United States They ought be rep
resented somewhere and, having gone to Caornait is
said they have gone there only for temporary purposes yet
Mr. President they have gone to California they there
and the question Of how many will how many will
remain there is impossible to tell II is all right to
from place place and, with regard the State of Louisi
ana will state fact which will be ecoected and confirm
ed by the honorable gentleman in my eye from that State
that thousands and thousands who New Orleans and
Louisiana shortly after the acquisition of that territory by the
treaty OF Louisianaand who, up to the present time
go there, only for temporary purposentendog 10 make
fortune and return home did home but finding
delightful climate, and finding themselves happy when
they got there scarcely in hundred back
So Of California. | dare say that vast numbers going
there, some with the intention Of returning but, sir after
they connected by marriage and by social ties and by the
acquisition Of wealth, and by all those ties which tend fix
in permanent home the residence of this animal tman,
they enqush this purpose Of returning to the United States
On the question Of population therefore, think there is no
ground, serious ground of rational objection to the
Der Of representatives proposedtwo representatives This
Is precisely the same number as in the of Texas
Now with regard the limits Of California. Mr.. Pres-
dent upon that subject effort made in the committee
to extend line through California 36o so of north at
tude and one member who not satisfied with that line
proposed 35o 30. majority of the committee believe,
in favor & that amendment but the question being
taken for the line of $50 30f majority found to be
against it. Sir, is little remarkable that this oppos
tlon to the ne-his attempt to cut California in two by the
line Of 36o so, $50 30 or by any other ne-s line
not coming from the North ALL from whence might sup
pose would be proposed For with respect the North
there can be earthly doubt that if there half dozen
States made out Of California they would be all what call
ed free States The North however, does seek such d.
vision It from the South that the opposition accedng
to the limits OF California proposed in her State constu
tlon comes The South wants other States there another
State there Some gentlemen from the South, it is true,
propose that there should be express recognition Of the
right to carry slaves south of that line but believe that the
major part OF those who insist the establishment that line
do not ask for the recognition positive OF the
right to carry slaves south of that line and think that those
who are acquainted with the country, who have taken the
pains to look the map will the conclusion of
friend Of mine from the South, (who, believe, in
my hearing, arge planter who said the other day,
Mr CLAY, Congress 10 offer $500 piece for every
slave own, requiring condition to take hemto Calfor
na to either Of the Territories and there keep them
if coud keep themfor ten years. would not accede to the
proposal Now, suppose you take line at $50 30 $50
3V of north latitude, cutting California in two what would
become of her There would be the open the
side ready for the escape Of your slaves there would be the
free State Of California the other, and Mexico with her
boundess mountains, on the third Who believes that
you establish the line proposed slavery would be carried
there Moreover have understood that all the dees
in the Convenin-of all of them must, because the
Convention was unanmous-the whole Convention-al |
south Of the line $50 80 well north d t-voted against
the introduction of slavery 1t cannot therefore, be- and
presume it is not, under any hope-f California should be
curtailed in the poposed-hat there will be
slavery within her limits, upon the Pacific at ALL The
fact therefore, of the establishment Of State
States Of the present limits of California, is merely add
the objection which has been made by the South of the
and influence Of the North and the apprhe
sons which they entertain from that preponderance and
uence of Northern power If the North is satisfied and
if the thing is very unreasonable in ITSELF it
that there should not be any hesitation the part of our
Southern friends in Congress in accedng to these limits
But sir il is said that they unreasonable California
has six hundred miles Of the Pacific
1t is said that it is too large Sir it is stated in the
report that with respect to all the southern portion Of Cali
forDa SOUTH for example, of the line $50 30 shortly after
you have left the coast you encounter deserts OF sand which
be inhabited and that after you have passed these
deserts Of sand you approach mountains and then get nvo
cd in successive chains of mountains till you reach poIula
lion the midst Of these mountains and beyond hem which
has intercourse all with the Pacific and whose
almost exclusively with Mexico with countries
the Atlantic ocean and on the Mexican Gulf So also when
you 60 to the northern portion Of California there vast
desert known have been pissed, extending from the
country occupied by the Mormons down the Pacific
Now, you 60 there how could you reach the Of the
Pacific through this impaseabe desert There
be adequate motive for the curtamen of the limits of
the Paric, with view the accommodation of future
States least Judge not from the amount of geographical
knowledge which present possess of these territories.
But, Mr. President said here the other day, with
spect California that her different from that of the
other States which have been admitted into this Union
mentioned in the report that there of States
which have been admitted without the previous authority Of
Congress And is it not SO My honorable friend from
Alabama stated that in all the other instances Of States which