The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-05-14
CITY OF WASHINGTON, TUESDAY MORNING MAY "A, 1850

!, IOOU.
and yet they united most heartily in the true exposition
OF the compact between Texas and the United States
cordng to which, as we all know, number OF States
not exceelng FOUR with or without slavery having the
requisite population. with the consent Of Texas were
be admitted into the Union, from time 10 time, as they
might be formed and present themselves for admission
ject will now approach that which in the committee
and perhaps in the two houses, has given the most ou-
ble and created the most anxiety amongst all the meas
ures upon which the committee have reported-I mean
the admission Of California into the Union Against
that measure there were various objections One oi
these objections with respect to its population II
has been conended that il ought only TO be admitted i
admitted al all with representative that II admitted
with two Representatives, il would be violation OF the
constitution Of the United States and that there is no suf
hcent evidence before the Senate and the country that
It's population would entitle ii to representative
suppose that one will contend California and the
other acquisitions from Mexico having been admitted
into the Union only about two years ago last February
Chat believe, was two years from the date OF the treaty
OF Hdago) that that sort Of evidence, entie her to
one or two representatives which is furnished by the de-
cennai enumeration Of the population Of the United
to California that any such evidence should be furnished
she having part OF common empire only for the short
time ! have mentioned. Now, let me ask, what was
among the States Of the Unionl There
was no federal enumeration of the people Of the United
States upon which that superintendent was made. So
and % y
vded for by the constitution OF the United States but
that instance the convention that allotted these repre-
senatives to the various States based upon all the in
formation which they possessed, whether It per-
fecily authentic not Il is known by those who al
all acquainted with the adjustment OF the question OF rep
resenta,on among the several States that in several Of
them may mention particularly the of Georgia) il
was pretty well known at the time that larger number
Of representatives were allotted than the exact state Of
the population would authorize But il said in that
case, Georgia is new State, rapidly filing up; a
strong current OF emigration is flowing into her limits
and she will have-perhaps by the time the two
take their requisite population
authority but upon information obtained by all the modes
by which it could be procured, and which Of a ma
ture calculated to satisfy the judgment of the convention
the aPPortlonment OF the representation made by the
So OF more recent acquisition or annexaton-that OF
Texas Nobody believed think, at the time, that Texas
tves As in the Of Of the old thirteen States
so in the of Texas, il was known that she was
rapidly filling ups have doubt will turn o0 to be
Texas-that before the enumeration OF the next cen.
sus taken, she would have population emitting
her to two and probably more representatives
Now, sir there is an error existing as seemed to me
from the observation OF two friends the other
day, with regard to the requisite population TO entle
California to two representatives II is not as it sup
posed double the ratio which fixed by Congress
expressly provided in the law establishing it, that any
State which had excess beyond moiey OF the ratio
established should be entitled to additional represent
alive According to the provision Of that law, TO entte
California TO two representatives, she would only be
qured to have population OF 106 02l, and not
supposed, l4O odd thousand Now, the question Is
leaving out of view altogether the rapid augmentation
which daily taking place in the population Of Caor
MA whether she has population al this time-at the
time when two members come to be admitted-which
would ente her to two representatives Upon this SUBJ
hava n my m md.
and, trust, TO the minds of other senator's
In the first place, offer to the Senate extract from
State Of California the Congress Of the United States
To read this memorial or to state It in substance in detail
would take up considerable time and that memorial
has been before senators, and at any time be referred
TO and perused by any who have not already examined
IL will merely state, that according to the statements OF
that memorial portion OF which conectural and
part ofciahe population OF California, from the ist OF
January, 1850, 069, exceeding the number requ
ate snttle the State two Representatives But that
brings il down only to January, 1850. Since that time
authorized to add TO the number, by that Of the
arrivals by at the port OF San Francisco shown by
the official report Of the harbor master from the ist Of
January, 1885, to the 27th Of March, 1850. Without
going into the classification, there of Americans,
es sos4msSns total q Sna The number
Of deserters from ships, as stated in the memorial
before alluded to, is put at 5000. in round num-
bers The official statement OF the harbor-master, made
on the LIST OF March last to the legislature states the
number OF officers and that left their vessels
from various causes to be 1920 The aggregate OF all
these statements will give the following results. viz ls
January, 1S49, 26 6ooo-S 900 Americans $4,000 Califor
mans, ahd foregners the LIST of January $780, the
population io7,069-making total number on the
9th OF March, 1850, OF 1874 026 TO which add the
Der of deserving seamen IA 240, makes total OF 1885,,
256 Add to this the population arrived from the United
States and other places since that time, and altogether
have earthly doubt-l am perfecSy satisfied in my
own mind that, putting all these statements together
there is at this moment population in California that
would entte her TO two representatives, even supponng
there had been provision for fraction exceeding the
moiety Of the ratio fixed by Congress.
Upon this question oil population do not wish TO take
OF our bone and flesh Of our flesh for the greater part
They have lost nothing OF intelligence and capacity for
self government by passing from the United States into
California By the treaty OF Hdsgo, the Caliiornians
remain become citizens OF the United States, they
do not adopt the alternative Of remaining Mexcans with
OF the United States does not anywhere fix
any term of residence sufficient TO constitute an individual
one OF the permanent portion OF the people Of the United
States In the constitution, with regard to the subject OF
and representation, the term people and number
have very little doubt that there is sufficient number
mia TO two representatives Well they will not be rep
resented in the United States they ought TO be represented
somewhere Having gone 10 California, II is said that
they have gone there only for temporary purposes They
have gone there TO dig the mines and how many will
teiurn how many will remain there i is impossible at
the present time TO tell We have all right to move
from place to place.
With regard to louisiana am sure | state fact
that will be borne out and affirmed by the senator in my eye
from that State, [Mr DowNs1thousands and thousands
went TO New Orleans and other parts OF Loulsana snory
after the acquisition OF that territory by the treaty OF Lou
even up the present time they go there Tor
temporary purposes intending make lo,iuns, & 'oey