New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1850-03-30

AZ probable they ars too low
we have no data on which n found calo. .na
ton os wha. the value Of the trade between une
States east OF the Rocky Mountains ara ~ =,
will be during the current year VII sc.' ~ 80
opinion hOwever that il viii not isu sho'' ~ -,
10000 II may 90 far beyond 'na' s1in - r
ssnt. | can perceive nc cause wa"
tard or diminish emigration .. ,..
n The ,cve,,ent shall continue five years, cur
,o,a,oa,oe ,yitb that Territory may reach SOD
ooO ooo osr apnum. This Is doubtless staring
80 hot n must be borne ia mind that We have -
boiI5 cities and towns, supply machinery ff
mining coal for domestic purposes, and s;esh na'
cation ard ali the EDntiauous articles used IN
crovding the comforts and iuxuries Of lie i1f heI
million Of people, wIo viii have transferred
themselves 70 z country winch "a b produce, com
paratively nothing except minerals and the pre-
cious metals and whose pursults VII enable tnem
70 purchase al any cost. whatever may he heces-
sary for their purposes
IL il difficult 10 imagine or 60 cnlate we eheC'
which wiil be produced on all the INDUSTRIAL Puf'
suits of the people Of the old States o. the linton
by this Withdrawal from them 0. hai a million %
producers who, IN their ne" homes and nc" puf
suits will Rtre cLiSfencc 10 commerce almost
eagal in value 10 our l0reign trade. Let no on"
therefore suppose be is not Interested 10 tbe wei
fare Of California. As well may ne bens'e MS
interests would not be nh1en' en- ~ c.'s'- CIi
tOrts and cutting OFT Intercourse WIN al tne "'i"
The distance round Cape HOru Is 50 great thai
breads,ufs aud many other articles Of Joi deieFio
rate and many others are 50 peHshaole ii the'F
nature that they would decay on the passage
This would be the case particularly with an KINDS
oC vegetables and undried fruits. Until some more
sneedy mole Of communication shall he established
b. which produce can be transferred, the farmers
and planters Of the old states viii not realize the
fng value OF this new market on the Pacific.
MANY other important interests viii be kept
back, especially the consumption Of coal The
American steamers now Oh the ocean, those on
their way there and others shortly 10 be sent out
will consume not far from one hundred thous and
TINS of coal per annum. The scarcity Of wood in
California will briny coal into general use as fuel
as soon az il be obtained at reasonable pricos
Suppose there may be three years hence forty thou
sand houses which shall consume hYe TINS each
per annum. This with the steamers, would be-
consumption Of three hundred thousand t'ns II
delivered at s2O per tun il would compete success
fully with the coal from Nancouycrss Island aud
New. Holland and amout 10 81 O00,OOO.
The construction Of railroad across the 18th
mus of Panama would secure the market Tor these
articles against all competition
Some idea may be formed OF the demsnd Tor
them from the prices paid in San Francisco last
Autumn Coal was sold at ESQ 20 500 per tun ,
potatoes sl6 per bushe tgrnips and onions Tor rs
10 62l cts. each eggs from go 10 SIP per dozen.
The distance from Chagres to New York has re
Gently been run in seven days. The same speed
would carry a steamboat from Panama to san
Francisco In ten days. Allow three days TO con
vey freight across the ls,bmns on railway, and
both passengers and freight will be conveyed from
New.York to San Francisco in twenty days.
This CELEBRITY OF movement would secure tor
American produce the entire market OF California
Sailing vessels may be successfully employed be.
tween our Atlantic and Cult ports and the terminus
OF the railway on this side OF the lsthmus and pro
peliers from Panama 10 San Francisco. These lat
Ter vessels will be found peculiarly situated to that
trade; they can use their steam through the Gains
OF the Bay OF Panama, and against head winds and
currents going north and their sales with favorable
winds and currents coming south
These modes OF conveyance IN connexion with
the Railroad across the lsthmus would be sufficient
~ expeditions and economical to turn the tide OF
commerce between tho Atlantic and Pacific States
OF the Union, into that channel The tendency Of
our commerce on the Pacific 10 promote the en-
plOyment OF ocean steamers is OF much import
ance as connected with the defense OF our eNten-
sive line OF coast from latitude 81 to 499, the
protection OF the whale fishery, and other branches
OF trade en- that ocean. The establishment OF line
ofheavy steamers 10 China would promote all these
objects increase our intercourse with the country,
aud probably be the means OF opening communica
tons with Japan Money wisely employed in pro
noting these objects, II Is believed would add more
10 the power aud prosperity OF the country than
it's expenditure on any general system OF tortihcs
There is one point, however, OF such vast import
ance that no time should be lost in taking the ne
cessary steps 10 render IT perfectly impregnabe-
that is the entrance to the hsrbOr san Francisco
On the strength OF the works which may be erect
ed TO defend that passage will depend the safety Of
California IN time Of war with maritime power
Permit hostile ileet 10 cast anchor IN the hsrbOr
Of San Francisco and the country would he sirtu
ally conquered.
The coast has not been surveyed, nor has It's
outline been correctly nscertained. There are
many rocks above and below the water line, and
small islands not mentioned or indicated on any
chart, which reader navigation near the land es-
pecialy at night, extremely dangerous
An accurate survey Of the coast to commence at
the most important points. the construction OF
lighthouses. and the placing OF buoys In proper
positions, are objects OF much Importance, and, 1t
is not doubted, will attract the early attention OF
Government
METALLIC AND MINERAL WEALTH
The gold region OF California is btweeen 100 and
500 miles long and trom 80 to 80 mites broad follow.
ing the line OF the Sierra Nevada Further dscoye-
ries may, aud probably VIII. increase the area 1t
embraces within its limits those extensive ranges
OF hills which rise on the eastern border OF The pain OF The
Sacramento aud San Joaquin, and extending casiwEfd
ifom INV to ssy mites they attain an elevation OF soon
Aooo eel aud teImloste al tH base OF me mNn Hdge OF
the Sierra Nevada. There numerous streams hicl
have their sources In the springs ct the Sierra and receive
the water rVm It's melting SHOWS, aud That which falls n
rain during shs wet season
Thceo streams form rivers which have Cut their ohtnnc
through the ranges Of foot bills westwEEdy 10 The plain
and disemeogue inlo he Sacramento and san Josqlin
These rivers lrom TO Aeen and probably some q
them twenty miles apart
The principal formation sabsusNm IN these hills h
1l1oso sale the snpers alum sometimes penetrating 10
great depth, 10 quartz This however does th
epro face ot the country, bal extends large
various dirScuOns-is found IN small fragment
the surface and seen along the raviuos. and In ih
mountains oVefnAngg The MYERS, and IN Hill
rs original beds 10 crops Out Ia Tie valleys aud M
tors OF the hills aud forms sinking lsauTc Of the tnr
country over which Il cNiouds From nnumerabe ey
dence and indicatons has 10 be The universally ac
lted opinion snorg the miners and lEel gent men VII
have examined this Iegion, thai The geld rAsA ~ dclcte
yayics cad pieces tcas, created n CoHahtH
fipn eth Ae gadys Gold is not found on the surface
the county, presenting he appearance OF having bee
II only found IN Garcnsr ocsues and attended by "a
eulsr circumstances kad Indications Il lie iOund IN n
bars and shoas OF rivers rtviues and IN that ~
called the dry digstngs
The rivers Ia FORMING .heir channels, % breaking The
through he h Is have come IN contact Nh ihe guam
consinng the gold veins and by constant aiTitou cal n
gold .aio 6ue askes and dust Snc Il 10 found among d
ssnd ard gravel Of heir beds a. those places where l
swnness Of The reduces IL Ia the dry sesso O. IA
narroxesl possible limits, and whcre wide margin u
consequently each side. which TIE water rust
80 during the wet sessoH, with great fogSo.
AZ The velocity OF streams greater than Oicfs
II toe god found IN sue psraclc apparently COZ
responding The degrce OF stiTicu 10 which T. hss bvc
exposed TIE water from he hills and upper valleys
finding us way me rivers kss cut deep svnes al
wherever eswe IN contact WIN tbs quartz has disco e
ossf1me,sa nir pieces
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