Weekly national intelligencer., 1850-06-15

sion of California. In the next place. Texas presents great
many serious questions Of her own, some Oh mem
upon compact already existing with the Uhileo o'Ao
maay of them concerning the United ooacens
New Mexco-but no one reaching TO California cne mas
question Of boundary nominsly with New meAico' N ea'
with the United States, the owner OF N1" a.
that might he reason for joining her in bill 30 ar as that
boundary il oncerned with New Mexico out can oe no
reason for joining her California Inc western boundary
of Texas is the point Of collision WIN Nsw O';,aha a1
this plan of the committee instead OF proposing suitable
naar betyeeu them adapted TO localities, or leaving to
each its actual disturbing no interest," until the
decision of title upon the universal principle oil ut Possde
=, instead Of these obvious ard natural remedies the plan
AZ IN. deep the actual OF the
limited States in New Mexico rousng the question which
tbe committee proesses 10 avoidhe question OF extending
sIovsrv-and disturbing the whole United States.
And here must insist the error OF the committee in
constitutional and municipal law, before point out their
mistakes geography and history They treat New Mexico
as having controversy with Texasas being in danger OF
collision with her-and that compact with Texas TO settle
the boundary between them is the only way settle that
controversy and prevent that collision Now, all this is
mistake. The controversy is not with New Mexico but
with the United ates and the judicial power OF the United
States has jurisdiction of it, Again, possession is title until
the right tried and the United States having the possession
may give at according to the possession
and then wait the decision OF title
avoid all argument about rght-he eventual right OF
Texas to any part what New Mexico before the exist
ence Of Texas Iavod that question Amicable settlement
of contested claim and not adjudication of e is now my
object need argument from any quarter 70 satisfy me
that the Texas questions ought be settled happened to
know that before Texas was annexed and brought IN ps
and made speeches for that purpose at that time brought
in such bills six years ago. and again a. the present
and whenever presented SINGLE either by myself other
person. shall be ready give It generous consideration
but as part Of the California BILL wash hands Of t.
am against disturbing actual possession either that OF
New Mexico or Of Texas and, therefore, in favor OF
leaving 10 each all Its population and ample amount Of
compact and homogeneous territory. With this view all my
bills and plans for divisional line between New Mexico and
Texaswhether Of 1874 ls50-le to each all its settle
III jts
and divided the remainder by line adapted to the geography
and divisions of the country well suitable to the
political and social condition Of the people themselves This
gave longitudinal line between them and the longitude 100
degrees my bill of 1884, and l02 degrees in my bill Of
S5O-and both upon the principle of leaving posses
sons intact Texas having extended her settlements in the
mean time The proposed line Of the committee violates all
these conditions It deep and arbitrarily into the actual
possessions of New Mexico such she held them before
Texas had existence and conforms to principle of pub
lie policy private right territorial affinity or LEGAL proprey
It begins the Rio del Norte, twenty miles in straight line
above Ell Paso and thence dagonay and enthusiastically,
to the point where Red the longitude Of 100
degrees Now this beginning twenty miles above Ell Paso,
is about three hundred miles in straight line near six hun
dred by the wndngs of the ve above the ancient line Of
New Mexco and this diagonal line to the Red river cuts
four hundred miles in straight line through the
cent New Mexican possessions cutting of about seventy
thousand square miles Of territory from New Mexico where
there is slavery and giving to Texas where there s
This constitutes serious of tag than that
of sticking ncongruous bills together, and calls for most
will examine these circumstances, first making state
ment, and then sustaining 1t by.proof
Ell Paso which the Texas boundary proposed
to be placed by the committees Of the most ancient Of
the New Mexican towns and to which the Spanards of New
Mexico in the great Indian revolt of $780, and made
their stand and thence recovered the whole province. It
the residence Of the lieutenant governor of New Mexico and
the southern of the province Taos the
most northern. Being on the right bank of the river, the
dividing line between the United States and the Republic of
Mexico leaves out Of limits and consequently out Of
the present limits of New Mexico but New Mexico still
tends the Rio del Nore at the Paso and therefore this be-
ginning line proposed by the committee cuts into the ancient
possession Of New Mexcoa possession dating from the
1896 That ne in its course to the Red river, cuts the
river and valley Of the Puerco (aed Pecos in the upper
pa into parts leaving the lower and larger part to
Texas; the said Rio Puerco and its valley, from head to
mouth having always been part of New Mexico, and now
in its actual possession Putting together what is cut from
the Pueco and from the Del Norte above and below Ell Paso
and would aoun about seventy thousand square miles,
to be taken by the committees line from its present and
cient possessor and transferred to new claimant This is
what the new line would do and in doing would raise the
question of the extension Of slavery, and Of its existence
this time, by law, in New Mexico part of Texss
This statement is too important to remain mere state
therefore proceed verify ii and for that purpose
have the highest Essay
upon New Spain, Pixies Journal of his passage through New
Mexico and Dr. WisIizenu report of his tour with Don
phans expedition begin with Humboldt and quote him
10 the boundaries Of New Mexico the east where that
province bounded upon Texas aud Coahuia At page 2S2
vol !, Paris edition Of the Essay, he says
Ja trace les lmites de Coahuia de Texas pres de
lembuchure du Rio Puerco les du Rio de
San aba tees que e les al trouvees ndquees dams les
specaes les archeves de Ia
au ct dresees par des pgenieurs au service du rol
d'Espagne"
In ENGLIsH: I have traced the limits of Coahua and
Texas the mouth Of the Rio Puerco and towards the
Of the Rio de San Saba such have found them
the special maps the archives Of the viceroya
and drawn up by engineers in the service of the King Of
SPAIN
This is what Humboldt says Of the eastern boundary Of
New Mexico and his map illustrates what he says. He
places that boundary leaves the Rio Gande del No
twelve miles below the mouth of the Puerco
longitude lO4 and north latitude 49,, and thence north
easwardy the head of the Rio San Saba branch of the
Rio Colorado Of Texas north latitude 32o 49, ard in
longitude l0l This is the line he gives found in The spe
ca maps drawn by engineers in the service of the King Of
Spain, and preserved in the archives of the Vceoyay in
the city of Mexico Further than that he does not
but that is far enough for purpose 1t is enough show
that New Mexico under the Spanish Government extended
far east 0 degrees of longitude, covering the whole
of the Puerc aud entering what the county
Bsxar, in Texas So much for Humboldt: now for Pike
He says at of his appendix to the journal Of bis jour
ney through New MEXICO & g...
New Mexico lies between 30 3V and A4o of north at-
tude and 1O4 and 08 degrees of longitude and the
most northern province of the Kingdom OF New SPAIN 1t
north and by louisiana by New Bscay
hula, and by Sonora and California. Its length
known its breadth may be 600 miles but the inhabited part
s not than 4U0 miles in length and so in breadth lying
along the river del Nore from the $40 So of north
latitude but in this there is desert $50
miles Santa Fe the capital and the residence the Gov
FL Paso is the second city and the residence OF The
Inntan NJ Gnysrn II =. ka