The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-08-18

was well understood and they asked IL State govern
ment must be made TO be allowed 10 divide the countf
WIN the emgranls, that they might escape the burden
(See Appendix) All thesproceedngs relative 70 con
yenton were conducted in language and with forms
which they were strangers The constitution was made
and published 10 language OF which they were who'll,
ignorant And yet this government was allowed to &C
into operation over these people, exercising authority ove
their liberty and property not only without resistance
but by instigaton OF the executive department Truly
does the message of President Fillmore fix stamp OF
reprobauon upon the proceedings IN California which u
will be difficult for his friends TO explain away II the
duty OF protecting the Mexcans against any jurisdiction
not exercised by the permission of Congress exists IN the
President, why is not that duty discharged IN California
assert upon ndubitable authority that the people in the
southern part OF California are deeply OPPOSED 70 Slaie
organization and feel themselves oppressed by lis opera
hon Iney are anxious 10 be relieved from H. and TO be
permitted TO live for the present under the fostering
guard anship OF the United States with territorial form
OF government How is it that these people allowed
TO be dragged reluctantly under the jurisdiction OF State
organization, while the army and navy are to be employed
against sovereign State OF the Union 10 shield the New
bexicans from the condition Can i be because
The surrender to the State OF California secures the
| whole Pacific coast to the n-savehoding interest,
while the surrender 70 the State OF Texas would yield
something 10 the slaveholdng interest
This is the first instance in which State government
has been put into actual operation upon the territory OF
the United States by the unauthorized action oil the Exec
uve II forms precedent and one OF 'ncalculable
consequence. The United States is the Largest landed
proprietor in the word--I mean of vacant habitabe
lands. high responsibility is deyoved upon Congress
by The constitution to this vast possession as
to promote the best interests OF the republic and OF man
kind The trust should be guarded wh the more care
because OF its vast Importance. ask the responsibility
met view of the purpose OF the trust IN view OF our
oahs, II permit s administration to be controlled by
the acts oi another branch of the goyernRent--if we
permit our purposes 10 be ioiIed, our policy distracted,
our discretion parayZed, action precpltaed by the
abrupt and usrpng interference OF the Pfesident Can
we direct the disposition Of this immense properly with
reference to own des'lnes and the advantage OF the
world, il do not carefully and cautiously preserve
full control over III II this new principle Of discreona
ry Interference ty the Executive 70 create State govern
ments at its pleasure sanctioned there will be sgni
the motto o the seal reported by COMMITTEES oil
The convention, which may well starlle by lis appca
biiity. The motto is " Eureka Q have found and
the committee which reported the explanation describe it
applying either 10 The principle niDotued "a the dd-
MISSION Of he Slae, Or the success OF the miner" Ap-
pendx, No So Yes, Eureka new principle has been
found in the action OF this government The Executive
can dispose Of the territory OF the United States The
Executive can create goveTAment. The Executive can
anticipate Congress in its territorial policy. and Dn Ii
under constraint TO admit State. Shall this
principle, this discovery, stand Ii the motto OF
California will stand TO signalize and perpeuate it. The
tive involved in the whole California State proceeding
makes duty TO refuse our sanction to them There is
no other TO rebuke the usurpaton OF the Execu
tive and vindicaie the constitution
There is another reason why We ought 70 refuse the
present application for admission, growing out of the
duty OF Congress to preserve with great care s control
The public territory The spirit manifested in the
convention. and the doctrines asserted there connected
with subsequent Developments render 1t Indispensable
in my vew to remit the inhabitants to subordinate gov
erament, means of asserting the supremacy OF the
jurisdiction Of the Union, and checking the growth OF
principle which will transfer the political control of the
territories from Congress the occupants Its the frs,
actca fruit of the doctrine of the supremacy of the in
habtanls oi our territory III respect TO their own govern
ment The doctrine there openly maintained that
Congress has no legal prescribe government for
the territories and upon this ground the propnety OF
putting the State government into operalnn, without
awaiting the sanction of Congress, mainly supported
IN the course OF the debate the convention principles
with the authority OF Congress IN The territories. Ii
this FRS, practical station OF disposition TO give
effect the dsorganzng doctrine that the United States
cannot control the political destiny of It's territories
is not checked may bid adleu 10 all further conIo
over the public domain The resolution 10 put the State
Cover into operation al the will OF the convention
passed by unanimous vote The sanction OF The
proceedings will give stimulus 10 the spread OF opinions
which am majority Of this body cannot counie
nance That the Senate mag understand the character OF
The opinions expressed by the principal speakers in sup
port Of the resolution will make brle running
tracts from the debate:
Nj BORIS. Foo my own part, however repugnant the
that the world has uust frankly avow
that hold he Congress Of The United States
legal authority ove, 's country ~ l'' present eondu'on
utterly deny and epuda,e the fashionable doctrine OF
altogether without any authority ba derived from the
con. .,ituiOn. q the United States
Its upon these grounds, sir. that hold and have
he'd ths, the Oongess o me uaiea states haa 20 y
=
Cafomistha in doing 80 they transcended the powers
etth which they invested and violated every pnnci-
pls Of republican freedom
For the have given conclude that there is
existing government la California that the right insti-
ute aiDheent Ia the people that by the exercise OF
into cosederacy of the United States that they
become member Of toe Uniou Congress have author
~ whatever 10 esisate ior the peoPe OF California, aud
hat foo the rahca ton this
the supreme law Of the snd and the Il
he only that ought recognised IN Csior-
MIA shol therefore Tor tie resolution
Mr. SNYDER The question - whether We have rSht
10 60 Immediately tao ration Safo government
orsahers had righ declare themselves odepe ndcut
and establish thirteen States think have right 70
fabeh
Mr. LIrrtrr. The chairman Of the committee give, as
or desiring this ayou the OF The House that
loss decide without advice that
there s division Of opinion among them 10 wbether
this constitution shouid into eject when the people
choose they should wait until Congress
The question OF the sovereignty Of the people raised by
this OF the c9mmuce II rs precisely that point
that the mnittee into the House and ask for i'm
slrucons now, that is only absolutely
sental that should give them these Instruction., but
that should put IN the grouud and let the
ernmen Of tue United States and General Riley, any
other general military commandant rpora know
the representatives. Of The people in this
soenly declared only that this constitution shs
10 into effect immediately It's adoption, but that they
when this constitution shall become the law OF the and
in viftHc Of the sovereignty that resides in them
Mr.. MoCARvER. IL understand this question, we 90
with constitution that does not claim this absolute aud
functions of State II the refuse admit
into the Union OF the oonlederacy may then
erci.e the sovereignty of independent State We do
catm the right collect the of the Union,
regulate Offices, exercise any of the functions
which have been ceded by the thirteen States the
raj government we only claim to exercise the rights and