The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1850-12-07

tiou 20 b. paid 10 this Government has been
received.
The collection in he poris d the United
States ~ discriminating duties upon the yes
ssis Of Chill aud their cargoas has been sus-
pended pursuant 90 tho provisions OF the act
nj Congress OF the 24th az May, 1879. ID 10
10 be hoped that this measure will impart a
fresh impulse "a the commerce betweeu abe
two countries, which, OF late, aud especially
since our acquisition of California, has, "a the
mutual advantage OF the parties, been much
augmented,
Peru, ian guano has become so desirable an
article 10 the agricultural interest ofthc Uni
ted States, ihnt IL Is the duty OF the Goyern-
ment 10 employ all the means properly Voc iis
power for the purpose Of causing that article
Ia be imported into the country AZ a reasona-
hlc price. Aethlug will be- omitted on my
paU towards accomplishing this desirable
cnd. am persuaded hat ia removing any
frA uuts on this traffic, the Peruvian gov
snmcnt viii promote rs own best interests,
while IL will afford q praofof q friendly dispo-
sitou towards this country which will be
duly appreciated
The treaty between the utcd States and
llis Majesty che King Of the Hawaiian T.
lands which ha- recently been nldc public,
will, IL b. he.ipyod, have beneficial effect
upon tho. relations between the two copu-
tries.
Tho relations between those parts OF the
Island oi ~ Domingo, which were formerly
colonies oi Spain aud France, respectively
are stll 10 Hn unsettled condition, Tile
proximity 0fthIr island WtiC t-Uird -SUTcT
and the drir0tc4uc-iiuus involved IN iLp rN-
isuug controversy there, render b. desirable
that 10 should hr permanently aud speedily
adjusted, The interest. ol humanity aud ot
general commerce also demand The; aud, az
limitations Of the same sentiment have been
received from other Governments, IL l. hoped
that some plan mly r01n hc devised tu effect
the nlrCl iu y lIlluar -. 4!l.l..-I44-I.-
al -ati.mctiou. The o,rrnmcnt of the I ni-
ted States viii not TAIL, by the exercise OF all
proper friendly ullirr-, to do al ia ~ power
Ia put an end 10 the destructive war which
hla rlgcl hclEreu liz lliLlLlL g.aIi-- - -il---
island, and Ia secure % tlom both the bcne-
iils OF peace and commerce.
| refer you 10 the report OF the Secretary
of the Treasury fora detailed statement OF
the finances,
The total receipts into the Treasury, for
the year ending auth of June last. were for
ty.srvou million four hundred aud twenty
one thousand seven hundred and iOrty-cight
dollars and ninety cents, (I7,I2l,7l7 800
The total Expenditure during the same
period wcr" forty-thrcc million two thousand
one hundred aud -iNty-cight dollars and nine
- sentA- Ga, mag 4I.Ai g"l T
The public debt has boon reduced, since
the last annual report lrom the Treasury
Department, four hundred aud ninety fl, e.
thousand two hundred aud scycnty-siN dol
lars aud sr,cnty.niuo cents, (slg5,27G 20,
by the 18th section OF the act Of 2suLJan.
Isi5, the proceeds ufihr .alcs-,t the, public
lands were pledged Tor the Interest aud prin-
ripal of the public debt. The great amount
OF those lands subsequently granted 10y Con-
grcss for military bountics, will, IL s. bclcv-
ed, very nearly supply the public demand
for several years Ia come, and but little rcli-
ancc can, therefore, De placed ON that hithcr-
a. fruitful source ofrcvenuc,
Aside irum the permanent annual cxpcn-
ditures, which have necessarily largely in
creased, portion of the public debt, amount
ing to eight million scvcnty-fye thousand
nine hudrrri and cightysEtX ,ioiiAn and my
nine cents, (s,O75,9s So must bc provided
for within the next two fiscal years II IL
most desirable TINT thrvr HTCTuiuu demands
! should be met without .r,--orting To new
loans.
All experience has demonstrated tho wis
dom and policy Of raising n large portion Of
revenue, for the support OF Goyornment,trOm
duties on goods imported. The puwcr to lay
ltNt NNltHN " tcNllH Nlllfl tlllttl
of course, i 20 rcplcnish the trcasury But
! IT, in doing this, an incidental advantage may
be gained 10y encouraging the industry Of our
own citizens IL is our duty Ia avail ourselves
! VI thst-..l ssntar'-s-- --------------
a duty laid upon an article which cannot
bc produced in ihis country--such AS tcn or
cofrc-add. To- the cost OF III. article and is
chiefly or wholly paid by the consumer But
a duty laid upon an article which may bc
produced here, stimulates the skill aud indus
/ try Of our Dawn country to produce the same
article. which j. brought into the market in
competition with the foreign article. aud the
Importer i. thus compelled to reduce his
price to that At which the dolNestic article
cnn b. soll. thcrehN llrnwinn u paIl-al-i liz
duly upon the producer of tho foreign article
The continuance Of this process creates the
skill, aud invites the capital. which Gnelt,
fcnablc rs 10 produce the article much cheap
en- than IL could have been procured from a.
broad, thereby bcnrftiug both the producer
and the Cuusumrrat home The consequence
nj thiv Is, thar the aTi,an aud the agriculture
1T arc brought together, each affords ready
market Tor the produce of the other, the
whole country becomes prosperous mud the
ability Ia produce every necessary Of life rem
dcrs us independent ~ War a. well as in
peace.
y liAn IlllU can mover ne permanent. "
will cause Dissatisfaction and will be- changed
IL excludes competition, and thereby invites
the investment ot capital in manufactures to
such excess, that when changed it bring, dis
trcSs, bankruptcy and ruin upon all who
have been mislcd by It's faithlcss protection.
What the manufacturer lF1t.t-,--tttifortrt+v
and pernnncncy, that he may feel conf
dnnce that ho IL NOT to Ice Ruined hy sudden
changes. But to make tariff uniform and
pcrmanGnt IL is not only necessary that the
law should not Ice altered, hut that the duty
should not iluctuatc. To effect this all dll-
ties sheHld be specific, wherever the nature
of the article is such IA To admit of IT, I'd
vnorrm duties tluctuate with the price, and
offer strong temptations totraud and perjury.
Specific duties, on the contrary, are equal
and uniform in all ports, and At all times and
offer n strong inducemcnt 20 the importers 20
bring the best article, as he pays no more du-
" upon that, than upon ono Of inferior quail !
~ ! therefore strongly recommend mod !
ilicaton of tho prrsuut tariff, which has pro--t
tratcd some of our most important and ncces- |
sary manufactures, and that specific duties be |