New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1850-06-13
NETWORK DAILY TRIBUNE. JUNE 10.

National disaster and subversion but, after
making due allowance for this, we must be-
lieye bis tartness i'll placed. His book would
have been more effective had it been less
indignant. Had it been less shrewish, it
might have been shrewd. But it is sound
in It's main inculcations, and very thorough
in its replioations to all forms and phases
Of tho Free Trade theory. We cannot re-
member an argument for Free Trade az the
true National policy which Mr.. Phillips has
not adduced and considered. We extract
some specimens of his arguments-frst with
regard to the introduction or naturalization
Of now acts or processes in any country-its
difficulties and its advantages.
alt is one proposition to say that any art or
kind Of production is not 70 be introduced into 8
country unit the country is adapted 70 Il, and a
very different Gre 90 gay, that Il VIII spring up Of
Itself whenever the country Is adapted to It. II
one should advise that youth shous not be put 70
trade uriil he was old enough, we should assent
but If he were 70 lay down, ~ a universal rule,
that youth would, At e suitable age, OF bis own
mere oiion, without encouragement or incentive
betake himself TO some useful calling, we should
directly remember if indeed we had not too much
occasion to regret instances enough to the con-
trsry
In order to form an opinion whether the arts and
manufactures TO which q country is adapted, will
spring up spontaneously just at the proper time,
where foreign producers already have possession
Of the market observe the requisites and obstacles
to their so springing up.
"The mere habit OF being suppedby the foreign
err has in itself like all other habits, tendency to
f,ak .ot Il
much that the good will of an establishment, that
is the habit Of customers to resort to IT, is sort Of
property, that fetches price in the market This
advantage to the foreigner already in possession of
your market, is worth something to him. When
the useful arts began TO take root in this country,
about the time Of the war Of 1872 this advantage
TO the British and French, more especially the
former amounted 10, at least, ten per cent. That
is to say, the consumer could not, at first, be
tempted away from the foreign article by the mere
difference of cost unless be should save, at least,
ten per cent. by so doing. This advantage has
wholly disappeared in respect to many articles,
those Of our own production being in quite as good
esteem as the foreign; and is greatly diminished in
respect TO others In respect to some the domestic
production Of which is still recent, it remains in
full force AS general rule, we will estimate this
advantage at three per cent. on the proceeds
"Whoever makes an article, must have the re.
requisite tools and materials, and pay rents and
wages, and charge interest," lOr the Tune on tnebo
OUTLAWS. Interest in England, France, Holland
and Germany, is from four to seven tenths of our
rate A year is a short time enough, 10 allow in
general from commencing an article to realizing
the proceeds Of its sale Our rate of interest may
be estimated at six per cent. per annum, at least
The foreign competitor accordingly has the adj
vantage OF three per cent. on this item.
ALLOW wages TO be, in general, one-thlrd OF tho
cost of the article; and the money rate, in those
countries TO be three-fiths as much as ours. This
gives the foreigner an advantage OF thirteen per
cent.
"a well organized system for carrying on bust
ness, has very great advantages All the auxiliary
arts concerned in its prosecution, are near at hand
with frequent and cheap communication with the
sources Of supply Of materials, stationary aud
travelling agents and corespondences, at home and
abroad Tor distributing the manufactured articles,
and forcing them upon the attention Of every con-
sumer, civilized or savage, not merely at the com
mercial centers, but also in the remotest corners
and obscurest recesses, whero creatures possessed
Of anything to barter, can be found. This gives an
advantage that may, in general be estimated at
three per cent. at the least.
"The preceding item is confined wholly to tho
system of arrangements. agencies and communi
cations. Another advantage OF much greater i'm
portsnce In favor OF the party already exclusively
possessed Of the field, is the organization and skill
OF bis artiiicers and workmen The difference be-
tween these. and those newly brought into an EN-.
ployment is the same as between regularly drilled
troops, and militia sort Of twist or gimp made
in Great Britain, which cost three shillngs |
making, when first introduced, is now manufacture |
ed for penny, and this solely through tho increased
dexterity OF the workmen, without the interven- |
tion Of any new machine This is an extraordina- |
~ case, aud is therefore, the striking ilustra-
ton of q consideration Of momentus import in |
national economy. The manual dexterity acquired |
by practice Ia dspatchng a greater quantity Of |
work Of superior quality, ayals much in all en-
Payments, and in many predominates for years
over competition. The disadvantage Of inferior
manual skill cannot be overcome at once by import
ing workmen from abroad. This is the first step
Many foreign artisans come to us from Europe
So we send from time to time, company of over
seers and operatives in cotton manufactures to
Mexico; and ia like manner have dispatched ship
wrights and cotton cultivators to Turkey. and ma.
chinists to Turkey and Russia. Intelligence and
public spirit ia the governments and their subjects
Of our times, is doing for other arts. what brutal
persecution the continent, did for the wooden
manufacture, in England, in the seventeenth cen
tury"
We close with another extract illustrating
the nature and worth Of Cheapness, which
is the great idol of Free Trade
Free trade triumpbs greatly in beating down
as If TO get atices made by them cheap
were great national blessing. Thus, writer in
recent EubFOt'S" fteoteHl hltAeS Hlcn SrAtua-
ton that the reduction Of the British tariff Of
duties on gloves and linen, had reduced the
price at home, and augmented the expectation.
Now, if the reduction had any influence what
ever upon the price, (which it probably had not,D
it must have been by reducing the pay of the
already miserable makers in London, and in the
north Of Ireland. Thus, the writer in effect feici-
Lates his school and the British Empire. on the en-
iancement Of the misery Of the miserable. Free
trade had, as be imagined, given that fortunate
people gloves at penny or two cheaper. and put
Irish damasks on the tables OF the Gear of Rus.
,is, and the kings Of Denmark, 'Saxony, and
Sweden the 'exking Of France, and even
Queen Victoria. This is the sort Of glory, real or
imaginary on which free trade plumes itself