New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1850-03-30
NUMBER S0S.


5ry sesson 1; should therefore be encouraged /.
Government u the ssrvey and disposition OF ,h
public AIDS. Is fsr a. p-xcsicG0.e.
TIE farue. derives some very important oenelt
from tie dry season HIS crops n harvest tune A.,
never injured b. rain he can WIKI perteci oosh
Gelcc permit them D. remain in MS heles - .or;
alter thsv have been gathered as has conveulenc,
may require be has no tears that they viii Dc
l7ed by We; OF un.avoTsb.e weather. Hence Il D
that MANY who have lon- been accustomed % tina
climate prefer u - the changesbe weather east o
the Rocky Mountains
As already stated. the 'orcsts OF California souil
Of latitude 3s'. and west Of the oothls Of the Ser
"a Nevsds. are limited 70 detached. scssserina
groves Of oak in the vsleys. and II red wood Q.
the ridges and or the vorSes OF the hills.
II can 10 ofuo practical use 10 speculate on ii,
causes which have dcnuded 50 large an extent 81
country further than - ascertain whether the SCI
isor IS 10. .avorsble % the growth O. forest trees
When the dry season sets In. the entire sariace
Is covered With a llxgrisnt gr0wta o. grass and
osts winch. as the summer ady ancts becomes PEI
,scty drv The remains az al dead trees Snd shrubs
aso become cry These materials therefore, az
yer, combgssb,e AMI usually take IRE IN the latter
part 0. sumner sad beginning O. Autumn WIN .
commonly passes over the whole country d.
st-oyiuE in rs course. the young shrubs AMI trees
In fact Il seems 20 be the same process which has
DESTROYED or prevented the crovth OF nrest trees
quality IN the soil gniriend.y ~ their grOwth
The absence ct timber ami the continuance oi
the dry season are apt 70 bc regarded by farmer,
ON frs, going iatO tle country. as lrrcmcdable a.,
fectS and as presenting obstacles almost nsur
uoantsbs % the successful progress OF sgricrl
turc 4 ..tt'c experience WI modify these cpia
ions
It's SON sscertsncd that the sol. Will prNiuce
abuuisuty without manure that aocks and herr.
sustain themselves through the W inter without
beng f,d az the farm ard. and, consequently. n'
labor Is necessary % provide forage tor them tnai
bitches are easily dus which present very co'i
barriers for The protection oi cops until 1--we Iencts
can be planted and have time to grow. Forest
tees may be planted with little lsbor, and IN ver
ew wears attain sufficient size ior building AZ
euc.ng purposes Time may b. usefuly employed
la sowing ysr.ols grain and root crops durw-
the wet or Winter season. There Is no wealth
cold enough O. destroy root crops. and thereto
rs lot necessary 90 cathcr them. They can ho
used ol sod from the field here they grow The
labor therefore required n most Of the old states
Oh fei the forests, clear the land oi rubbish at
prepare It for seed may here be spphcd To 'ther
objects
All these things. together With the perfect 'ftpf'
~ of az crcps. ia halresf time, from iytry ~
,r,t rsaffer are probably sufficient TO meo; ar
expense which may b. Incurred ma irrigation. cr
caused 'or a time, by scsnty supply Of timber
In the northern part " the Territory above lat
tude Jas and On the bids which rise from tie
great plain OF the Sacramento ard San joaquin. 20
The foot ~ the Sierra Ne, ada. the 'ofess OF I'm
Der arc beautiful sn0 extensive and would q
brought INTO use, be sufficiently productive to sup
py ths wants ol the southern and western per
ions oi The state
have spoken OF the agricultural products sd
resources OF the country, without reference 10 Tho
remarkable state OF things cluseS By 1hs discovery
OF gold which 10 IS probable, viii postpone Tor a.
indefinite ,me all efforts 20 improve the soil As
ong as .aborers can earn hiteeu dollars or more
Der day. "a collecting gold. they can very well a.
ford 20 import their supplies from countries where
the wages OF labor are not more than from my
cents g. one lar per day 10 Is not, therefore, 10
be supposed that the soA VIII be cultivated mO'e
than the production OF vegetables, fruits. aud other
articles - perishable ~ their nature that they ca
not be brought tom great distance VIII require
To secure this important market Tor the pro
ducts and manufactures OF the states sst OF the
Rocky Mountains is undoubtedly an object OF The
greatest Importance. II viii be considered In IT'S
proper place. ..,
! The extent and value Of the public lands, saita
bic for agricultural purposes IN California, cannot
be ssceraned with any degree OF accuracy unit
some very important preliminary questions shall
have boon settled.
Itis uot known whether the Jesuits who found
ed the mission, or their successors, the Francis
cans ever did or do now hold any title rom the
span,h crown 20 the lands which they occupied.
Nor has any investigation been made 10 ascertain
how far these titles they ever existed, have been
inyaidafed by the acts OF the priests on the De.
crees OF zoe Mexican government
Asuperhclal view Of The matter would be yer}
act 20 cad 70 the suppositon that the Jesuiis, 20
celebrated Tor wisdom aud cunning. would not fail
% secure that which, AT that time, would probably
have been obtained BY merely asking ior ia
ROYAL decree, granting 10 them all the lands they
might REQUIRE ln that remote country Tor eccesies
teal purposes There nave been some ntmatloha
20 tha, effect bus moth ag is distinctly known
These missions embrace within tner limits some
al the most valuable lands la the Territory and u
i, very important that IL should Do ascertained
whether they belong 70 the Government or may
Justly be claimed by individuals
Most OF tia and ht for cultivation south Of laii
,nde 39s and ives, Of the valley OF the Sacramento
and San Joaquin is claimed under what purp0f'
IN l, Grants from the Mexican Government.
On mos. Of these grants the mineral. and metals
ar, reseryed 10 the Government-conditiOns were
eouped with many Of their which have not been
complied with. ia others tie boundaries De
scribed embrace two or three times az much land
IS the grant conveys.
The Mexican law required al grants made by
the Provisional Government, with ie" ekcep'lyns'
10 be confirmed BY the Supreme Government Tie
great distance which separated them, and the un.
freaarnt or difficult means Of communication made
compliance with the law 40 expensive ami iardy
that il came 10 be almost dsregrded.
There we're other causes which led y THIS neg
ect.
Previous 10 the treaty with Mexico and the IN
migration VI American citizens % that country
and was not regarded as Of much value, except hr
grazing purposes There was room enough ior al
Therefore the claimants or Propnetofs did no. no
lest each other or inquire into the validity Of titles
These extensive gratis are described " nat9fai
boundaries such as mountains, bays and PfoiHoH-
tories. which, 10 many instances, might aAO" o.
va7aton Of several miles IA the establishment ol
corner with chain and compass
BY tae Treaty Of Guadalupe Hidalgo, the Jalted
states purchased al the nights and interests Z"
Mexico TO snd in Caiifornia. This purchase not
oo!y embraced all the lands which bad not been
grauted by Mexico but al tie reserved minerss
and metals. and also the reyisO1ary nights winch
might accrue % Mexico from a want Of compiance
ou The part Of the grantees with the conditions oi
her grants 0r a rant Of peLsctpoH ~ me graHf'.
IL vii be perceived that this . SUBJECT o. yer
-reat Importance not Only 10 the people Of Car
rois bat 70 .be nlted states and cala iof prompt
AID e1cien, action on The part Of me GOvernme1t.
Il . believed that the appointment, Of competent
Cornn.ssG1ers. fuly empowered 70 InYest gate
these tlrlos IN a spInt q kndness toward tLe
claimants, srita power % oontrm zach uues ss
i..tice NAV seem % demand, or with Instructions
N reoorttheir proceedings and awards 70 Congress,
for Confirmation o. rejection, VII be the Dest AID
-. 80 N, " ss-.facfory node II ad 1s.nR