The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-11-01

Hts the idea of obligation TO the employer 80 also the
employer feels imPerieciy ihe sense Of obligation to-
liberty there is comparatively little thought Of either
equality or fiatefnty and the dissolution OF CO. relation,
though involve bankruptcies and adulteaton OF
mobiles IN one class with paupeTsm and depedations
on property in the other and frequent hostility between
both, YET comes TO be deemed the sum OF human hap
piness.
His passion is to occupy land but in the indulgence Of
he Is carried away by individuslism and he takes
wherever he can without punctiious regard Tor the
lights q property in others and, as he is IN temper
unsocal and Iepeent towards other races he exerm-
mates or expels the previous occupants.
In word. among Anglo. Saxoos, the federatye prin-
eipe oo.ansi tee cen'riugal Ioce Is stronger nan me
centrpeta; and the society pepetually tends towards
anarchy and dissolution. ltatss
Accordingly, there such thing permanent
Saxons until the Norman French conquered England.
and infused into The society portion OF the Celtic ele
ments OF cohesion by mutual relation or Independence
and Capitalization OF political authority. Then, and not
until then, did Britain become power in Europe
Now, is il because of the ADglo. Saxon blood and
character OF the primitive settlers Of these United States
manifested in their political tendencies and in their
religion, that these United States became and have
Ireply.no race and blood. with inherited instincts or
habits belonging TO them, determined the quality, not the
fact, OF greatness: the proof OF which is, that the
Spaniads Celtic with genius the opposite OF the
Teutonic. with Capitalization Of political IDEAS. codepend
ence OF social habits, and catholic unity OF religion yet
in less time than the English and with greater obstacles
TO overcome, established more magnificent empire in
America -
Il required but one hundred years for the Spanards
bind together the two continents in powerful State
extending from to ocean, and from Santa Fe in the
morrill, Valdivia in the south, through seventy i've de-
grees of latitude to establish definite and equitable re.
aiions between the conQuerors and the conquered to
chrstanize the laer 10 create in all that vast region
rich seaports OF maritime to build up refined
and populous interior cities; TO organize productive in
duslral enterprises the largest and most profitable
scale 10 construct edfces and establishments oil re-
lgion, government, military defence, education, and
philanthropy such to this day exist nowhere else in
America. 1t needs only to compare what Spain did IN
America in the sixteenth century with what England did
in the seventeenth and TO contrast the condition OF Span
sh America the year 1900 with that OF British Amer
in the Year 700. 10 dspel the common deuson among
which, from partial views and pardonaole national
vanity assumes superior and peculiar intrinsic ap-
tude for colonization and for empire
Whoever examines carefully the history and condition
OF the and northwestern States. and how,
a, time when The English still hmdly chung to the At
aDc seacoast, and owing TO their repellent qualities OF
race, perpeually at war with the lndansat that
very time the French the other hand, had implanted
their IDEAS their authority. their language and their
lgion, among the and powerful tribes OF the
West from Canada all around to Louisiana-whoeyer,
say, considers this will be inclined to think that
any particular line of policy, any wide reaching
ideas, any intrinsic superiority OF blood the part OF
the colonies themselves but the contingencies OF war
in Europe, which decided the question whether the pre-
dominant influences in North America should be English
or French. Teutonc or Celtic.
We, in New England, have been accustomed to take
still contracted view OF the question, and TO over
estimate the influence exercised by the peculiar IDEAS OF
the Purtans in the colonization OF America: unjust in
this to the Holanders Of New York; to The Huguenos of
Of Virginia, and to the Irish in all parts OF the United
States. That religion was not the pivotal fact in The
successful colonization OF the United States may be
plainly by the rapid growth, in day. of the Au
sralan colonies, which, though unable to boast Of any
exemplary purity in religion or morality, have yet adj
vanced faster in population and production than did the
Anglo American colonies
What, then, is Tie explanation Of the rise. greatness
wealth. prosperity. freedom and stability Of The United
Siaesi have hesitation in say ing that, in my
opinion, the handspring OF all this is land The abund
ance Of land has been The primary fact in the advance
Of Spanish America, Portuguese America. French
America and British America as il has IN that Of Aus
tralia.
Hay down the following Of propositions, in cu
cidation Of the subject;
raj foundations Of all society because. without land and
its productions life is difficult and precarlous. il npos
sble In the position thus broadly stated are included
Of course the natural products, whether vegetable ami
NAL, or mineral OF the air and water, as well as the
earth.
q Manufacture which is the modification of these pro-
ducts, and commerce, which their distribution by
change secondary in order OF time and OF necessity TO
the occupation OF the EARTH which alone furnishes dwell
ling place and food the prime exgences OF life, and
which also furnishes the objects OF manufacture and com
merce.
g. In all societies. land is the chief conservative ee
ment OF the society. OF its institutions whatever they
may be- and Of lis particular spirit and moral IDENTITY
Whether the government be arstocraical as in Great
Bain. or democratca in the United States, its dis
unCuse Quduy 10 mofe particularly Pioniheht m inc
agricultural interest
Hence il is that the great empire OF the East, whose
robust identity oil type has dehed all the chances OF time,
proof alike against external violence and internal corup
ton for thousands OF years. mean Chna-has the
shaken basis OF IFS greatness laid In agriculture, uni
vesay recognised by its sages and its statesmen the
noblest OF their ancestral arts the palladium OF public
stability, the inexhausble OF national prosperity,
second in estimation TO the cultivation Of the mind alone
Ia testimony oil which s that the great occasion OF
the year which the ruler oil three hundred millions OF
descende from that solitary ovation oil HIS which
half the throne Of sovereign and half the shrine OF
demgod TO mRge in person with his people, is solemn
agricultural pomp, when he himself guides the plough in
the unow example and a sign TO the universe.
4. Whatever may be the political name Of govern
ment, il Is monarchcal in spirit and fact If the land be
held chiefly or in great part by the sovereign as in Egypt
Russia lDda il is arisocratc ii IL be held in large
is democratic il il be extensively distributed among the
people for cultivation in France the United States
s. political society will be stable, or Otherwise, &C
coding TO the predomnance in its composition and
troll OF those interests which directly associated with
the earth and the natural productions Of land or sea- or OF
those which consist only the modification or dstribu
ton OF natural productions.
Accordingly, countries-like Egypt, India, China
whose primary interest agriculture seem TO possess in
destruciibe vitality Persans, Greeks, Romans, Arabs
Turks, have, by successive OF invasion, broken
down the monuments OF su in Egypt, but not her pros.
pery; Mongols and Manchus have expended their
and English have in like manner labored nnsuccess
fully TO exhaust the wealth OF India for IL Man be pow
eriul to waste and destroy Nature is yet more powerful
TO renovate and repair.
g. The tendency OF agriculture is TO distribute
the country at argeof manufactures and commerce TO