The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1850-12-13

mPntS IL ~ UtppO mat S'nl" p'h" h'"y "'""
he devisrd 10 effect the ohl'ct IN manner
likely to give general satisfaction. The
Government Of the United States vii not
fail, by the 'yrrcise. Of all proper friendly
oflices. to d. oil in its power - put an end
to The destructive war which has rnged be
tween the different pnrts Of the island, and
TO secure to them both the benefits OF peace
and commerce.
refer you to The report of the Secretary
If the Treasury for detailed statement OF
the finances.
The total receipts into ,hr Treasury, for
the wear ending 30'h Of June last, were
forty seven million four hundred and 'wen.
ty-one thousand seven hundred and forty
light dolIors and nInotv cents, (Sl7,42l,'
74S ,90.)
The ,n,,is,yoendrures during the same
period were ."rty.,hrse million Two thou
~ nd one hundred md sixty eight dollars and
ninety cents, (Si3 002, l69,90)
The debt has been reduced, since the last
annual report from tn" Treasury Depart.
ment. four hundred and nine'y.fve thousand
two hundred and seventy six dollars and
scven,y.ninc cents. (Si95 276.79)
By the l9h section of the ucl of 18th
January, lSl7. the proceeds of the sales Of
the public lands were pledged for the inter.
cs, md principal of rh" public debt. The
grca, amount Of these lnnds subsequently
granted BY Congress for military bountie'.
| viii, i, is believed. very nearly supply th"
public demand for several y'nrs 10 come.
and but little reliance can, therefore. br
placed OH that hitherto fruitful source Of
revenue.
Aside from the permanent annual rxnen.
diurcs, which have necessarily largely
increased, q portion Of tho public debt,
amounting 70 e,gh, millions seventy five
thousand nine hundred md eighty Nix dnliarS
and fifty nine cents (SS, ,075,9s6 59) mus,
be provided for within the next lw" fi|cn
years. 1t is most desirable that these nc
crslng demands should be met without re-
sorting to new loans.
All experience has demonstrated tho wis.
dom md policy of raising largo portion OF
revenue. for the support Of Government from
duties on goods imported. The power to lay
these duties is unqucstlonab'e, and it's chief
object. of course, is to rep 'enlsh the treasury.
But ,f, in doing this, an incidental advantage
may be gained by encouraging the IN 'nstry
Of our own citizens. j! ~ our duty to avail
ourselves of that advantage.
A duty laid upon an artic 9 which cannon
be prccurci in this coun'rv-snch ns tea or
cnticc-sdis 10 The cost Of the article. and Is
chiefly or wholly paid by the consumer. But
a duty laid upun an article which may b"
produced here, Stimulates the skill and IN
duslry Of onr own country to produce the
same article, which is brought into the mar.
ket IN u,mpe,i,i"n with tho foreign article,
and the importer is thus compelled to reduce
his price to that, q, which the domestic nrtI.
Gle can be sold, thereby throwing part f
tho duty upon the producer Of the foreign
article. The continuance Of this process
creates the skill. and invites the capital.
which finally enables US to produce the ar''.
Gle much cheaper than it could have been
procured from aorood. thereby benefling both
The producer ond the consumer at home.-
The consequence of this is, that the artisan,
and the agrcuIturist. are brought together,
each affords a ready market for the produce
of the other, the whole country beromes
prosperous; and the ability to produce every
necessary OF life renders US independent IN
war as well as in peace.
A high tariff can never be permanent. 1t
will ca ause dissatisfaction and will b. chang
cd. Itescludes competition, md thereby in
vites the investment Of capital in marufnc.
tures to such excess, that when changed j,
brings distress. bankruptcy, and ruin upon
oil who have been mis'cd by its faith'ess
protcction What the manufacturer wants,
is uniformity and permanency, that he may
feel confidence that he is not to be ruined
by sudden changes. But to mako tariff
uniform and permanent, it is not only ne
cessary that The law should not be altered,
but that the duty should not Anctunie. To
e!sct this. all duties sbOnld be specific,
wherever the nature OF the article is such o.
to admit Of it,. Edvalorem duties flucluat lie
with the price, ard offer strong temptations
to fraud md perjury. Spe clfic duties. on
the contrary. are equal and uniform in all
por,s, and at all times, and offer strong
Inducement to the importer 10 bring tho best
article as he pays no more du'y upon that,
than upon one OF inferior quality. | there
fore strongly recommend n modification OF
the present tsrif, which has pros'rnicd some
of our mos, important and necessary manu-
features, and TIM, specific duties be imposed
Su.tCIpHt 10 Tdlsc 'H' T'iNiHiNc
making such discrimination in favor OF the
industrial pursuits of our own country as to
encourage home pr"ducinG. withou, exclude
ing foreign competition. It's also import
ant that on unfortunate provision IN the pres'
ent tariff which itnpo.rsa much higher duty
.IpOn the raw material that enters into our
manufactures than upon the manufactured
article, should be gemchied.
The papers accompanying The rcrort OF the
Secretary Of the Treasury will disclose
frauds attempted upon the revenue. IN varie'
" and amount $" great, a. 10 Justify the
conclusion that i; is impossible, under nny
| system Of advsIOrein duties levied upon the
foreign cost or value 81 the article, 20 secure
an honest Observance and an ,ii.ctual ad-
mipisiration Of the laws. The fraudulent
devices 10 evade the L. W. which have been
detected BY the vigilance Of the appraisers,
leave no room, to doubt that similar impOsi.
lions. tot discovered 10 large amount, have
oeen successfully practiced since the enact
ment of the lsw now iE force. This state OF
things has already had a prcjudlcIal infiu
ence upon those engaged in foreign CON-
mcrce. 1t has tendency to drive the hon
est trader from the business Of importing.
and to throw that important branch OF EN-.
povment into the hands Of unscrupulou'
aud dishonest men. who are alike regardless
Of law and the obligations of an oath. BY