Weekly national intelligencer., 1850-10-19
Is rHr srsArr, sErrrxsEn >, 1850.

4
In THE SEsArE, SEPTEMBER 2, 1850.
Mr.. FREMONT said Mr.. President the very advanced
period the session when obtained and were
able bring forward the California business induced 10
take in relation bills which thought most
agreeable to the Senate and best suited 10 for them
favorable consideration This use indulgence
of the Senate for making speeches. but con6ne myself
brief exposition Of the nature and principles of bill when
should be called up, and then TO well as could
the inquiries and objections Of Senators either principles or
details. But fud such doat this bill, which
introduces subject and which, from ills novelty
and importance excies and ought to excite, much Interest,"
and requires close examination The principles of this BILL
have already stated them, exclude all idea OF max
ing national Of these mines, TO prevent the
possibility Of monopolcs by moneyed capitalists and to give
to natural capiathst is 10 say, tolabor and indoya fair
chance work. and e enjoyment of what they find
To carry these principles their just results all the de-
tans of the bill are carefully directed.
The Senator from Michigan. (Mr FELCH,) who has made
the motion to strike out the whole bill and to insert subst
tue does not object TO these principles but the contrary
supports them, and objects only to details Adopting the
principles Of the bill and i leading provisions he objects to
the machinery, may call II, Of executing the system
objects to the agents, to the permits and OF course to the
small which Is to be paid for the permit lie would
to leave the law execute ITSELF that TO say, leave
every for himself under the law. the honorable
Senator familiar with the working Of things in Cali
onia as we who have drawn up the bill for which be pro-
poses this substitute believe be would have intro
duced such proposition 1t would never work well any
where, bat would throw every thing into disorder and
fusion, snd make every Judge and jury bis case
Laws must have officers to execute them, and think none
could be cheap. convenient and suitable to the people
than such this bill provides for In the first place, there
agents. who to reside each in gold mine district
grant the permits to applicants visit the mines and, with
jury of disntesed men settle Ill Disputes equably and
promptly and without the delay and expenses Of resort to
court justice for little question which grows up
among the miners To that the agents faithful and
attentive, superintendent of gold mines is created whose
is q h0 eYa
books and accounts hear complaints against hem take
peals from their DECISIONS and suspend them and appoint
others in of misconduct The superintendent is thus
armed with strong power not the miners but over the
agents. and for the benefit of the miners considered
necessary have this strong controlling power present with
the agents and the miners that all possible attention should
be paid to the faithful execution the act and the immediate
redress Of all wrongs The superintendent is necessary to
give regularity the operations of the agent to bold them all
accountable and be the head Of the system. To accom-
ph these purposes authority upon the spot Is rdspen
sae The gorges of the Sierra Nevada remote from
the Metropolitan Government-the President is far off
observe the conduct of agents. to hear complaints redress
wrongs, dismiss the unfaihf It would be equivalent to
no redress for injuries il miner who is wronged is obliged
send his complaint Washington city, and prove up
that distance from the of his complaint.
The quantity allowed to each person is ample consider
ing the privilege he has Of changing bis location often
he peases and selling his lot when he is offered good price,
Thirty feet square to be the size of lot to be worked
manual labor n placer two hundred and ten feet about
acre. to be the Of lot in mine to be worked by
machinery in the rock.
placer lot accordingly contains nine hundred superficial
feet with depth the of the EARTH cute Of these
dimensions would be thousand solid feet and
if place tolerabe richness is found industrious man
may his fortune made Sooner later every indus
tious may expect find good lot and whether he
sells or works it, his reward will be ample
If be sells, he may take another permit and work until
be makes another good discovery, and either sells this
hauss it and until be is satisfied the mining ex
haused Wherever he may plant his stake exclusive pos
session guaranteed to the miner long he works his
mining lot to his assignee sod to bis legal repese
taves in the Of DEATH All that he finds is be his
there is tar to be paid, per centum, fifth OF
tenth, twentieth to the Government; officer to stand
the miner and require him give Of all he
hnds and surrender up part 10 the Federal Government
All bis that he has the industry to collect and for
these multiplied advantages with the protection of law and
the security Of oder the citizen pays only dollar month
for many months he may choose not exceeding twelve
with pre-empive right to continue bis own lot This
nominal Of one dollar month all that the bill proposes
for him pay and while it will be sufficient to indemnify
the Government for all expenses, and yield respectable
besides, it will be burden the miner He will not
feel it but will pay cheeruy in return for the advantages
which the permit secures him. Under this system every in
dusrous manevery who has courage to persevee to
try in places until fortune favors hmw feel assured
that his fortune is in his own hands
For the extended and regular operations by mach
nery the dimensions Of the parcel Of mining ground fixed by
this bill two hundred and ten feet square, about one
In mineral country eputed to be OF such exraord
mary richness these dimensions considered abundany
temporary buildings in the beginning of operations Here
after when the mineral dsrics shall be better known and
tie locality Of the lodes veins precisely marked out larger
contiguous spaces may be granted to miners for the constuc
ton of the buildings absolutely necessary for extensive works
In the time should be remembered that these veins
will in of ground rich in loose gold, and that all
the advantages attending permit to work placer apply to
the permit work mine, of which the superficial content is
about foyour thousand feet and thirty feet depth of which
would be million three hundred and twenty thousand
solid feet. The dimensions of lot of mining ground
therefore about fifty times greater than those Of placer lot
For these great advantages propose that the Government
should ask only twenty five dollars month, dollar
month being the fixed for placer permit; and the per-
NIT for mine therefore only half that for placer fifty
one being the proportion between them.
The bill contains beneficial provisions in favor OF first dis
they have double quantity without the
ment of any fee, and with the privilege of preempve
right These privileges have been recognised just and
polite under the laws Of every mining nation Under the
regulations of the New Code Spain granted to discoveer
many mining lots he chose stake out upon the veD
and under the mining ordinances of New Spain several such
lots granted to the dscove and upon many veins
as be might discover in en,ey mineral RIDGE is
only apoper reward industrious discoveer and in
ducemen prosecute researches which result in great benefit
TO the country The discoverer of placer Of new
mine, therefore, will have full reward for his enterprise and
his expenditure in time and money.
Five of the procseds from the sale of the per-
ns is to go to the State Of California for purposes Of inter-
nal improvement This upon the principle Of the sale of
the public lands When sold by the United States five per
cenum paid TO the State for that purpose In this
the mines be worked before the land sold and
considerable amount received the low proposed
hundred thousand permits would bring above million and