Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1850-08-13

~ stipulation be In force therein, such treaty
stipulation is the supreme law Of the land,
and is TO DO maintained and upheld, and accor-
dinghy, In the letter TO the Governor Of Tex
as my reasons are given for believing that
New Mexico is now a territory OF the United
States with the same e,,en, and the same
boundaries which belonged 10 ], In the actual
possession of the Republic Of Mexico, and be-
Cor, the late war. 10 the early par Of that
war both California and New Mexico were
conquered by The arms Of the United States,
and were in the military possession Of the
United States at the date Of the treaty Of
peace.
By tina, trrsiy the title by conqu,s, was
confirmed. and these territories, provinces, or
department. separated from Mexico Tor ever,
and By the same treaty certain imPorian, rights
and sccurtic, we're solemnly guaranteed to
the inhabitants residing therein" by the
fifth article Of the treaty 1t Is declared, that
the boundary line between the Two Republics
shall commence in the Gulf Of Mexico, three
leagues from land opposite the mouth Of the
Rio Grande ,-otherwise called the Rio Bravo
dol Noric, or opposite the mouth Of It's deep
est branch, Il Il should make more than one
branch, empiying directly into the sea from
thence up the middle of the river, following
the deepcs, channel where u has more than
one, 10 the pc,n, where il strikes the southern
boundary OF New Mexico, thepc, westward.
IN along the whole southern boundary Of New
| Mexico, which runs north of the town called
I Passo, tn it, western boundary termination,
thence Westward along the western line OF
/ New Mexico until Il in,crs,cis the hrsi branch
IL the River ella, OF II Il should not inierscc'
any branch Of that ri,er, then to the point on
the said line nearest TO such branch, and
thence in a direct line to the sane, thence
down the middle cf said branch and Of the
said River until II cInP,les into the Rio Colo
rado, thence across the Colorado, following
the division line between upper and lower
California To the Pacific Occan."
The s,h Article Of the Treaty II, the follow
,nr terms The inhabilani, 81 Mexican or
igin now established in territories previously
belonging to Mexico, and Who remain ior the
I future within the limits Of the United States,
shall h. free n cuOiinuc where they now r.
side, or To remove at any time 10 the Mexican
Republic, retaining the property which they
posses, IN the said territory, or dlsPcslng
thereof and removing the PrOcecds wherever
they please, without hcing subjected on ,hi,
aecoun, To any contribution Iaf. o. charge
whatever. Thosc ~ho shall prefer In remain
IN the said territories may either retain the
title and rights Of Mexican citizens, ur acquire
thosc II citizens Of the Dnitcd States, bot
thy shall b. under obligation 10 make ,hclr
election within one year from the date Of he
exchange Of n,lheauons of this Treaty, and
these who shall remain IN the said territories
after expiration Of that year without having
declared their lulrn,ion Ia retain the character
of McNIcans, shall be considered To- have t.cf'
elected ~ l-cvmc c,libn, II ,h- Iniic,l States
III the said territories. Property ofc,ery Kind
now belonging TO MeEicans not established
there, shall b. in'iolaie.
The ptescm owners, tbrI h,i,s, ,T Me-.
cans, who may hereafter acquire said proper
~ By contract, shall ENJOY, with rc'Pcc, TO It,
guarantees cqually ample, as Il the sane b.
lungcd io clllcns II the United States. -
The 9th arcIc 81 ihr Treaty b. IN these
words --" The McNicanS Who are "a the ter
uturcs aforesaid shall not preserve the char.
acirr Of eiiiEns of ihc Mexican kcpubllc.
cunionnably with what Is stipulated IN the
prrcccding article, shall b. Incorporated into
the Union II ibc l'nnri States, and b. admit
ted a, the proper time, to h. Judged Of by the
Congress Of the United States, in the snjoy.
mcnt Of all the right Of ciIIIens Of the United
States, accoulihg to the PuneiPlr 81 tho Con.
stltution, and IN the meantime shall BE- MAIN
tanned and protected IN the free cnJoymcn, OF
their liberty and property, and secured IN the
free exercise OF their rrligIon without rcs,rlc'
ton.
/ IL 10 plain, therefore, 10 the face 81 ihcsc
treaty sllpsla,ions, that all MeSicans eslab,
ished in territories north or east Of the line oI
dcmarcaiIon already mentioned, come within
The pruieciin Il the 9th AIT, and that the
treaty bcing part Of The supreme Law Of tho
land extend, over all such McNican. and 40
surcs To them perfect security IN the free en-
Joymen, Of their lb-ny and property, aHd ~
the irre c,crcisc Of their religion, aud this
supreme law Of the land is IN actual force
over this Territory, and 10 tn b. maintained
until u shall b. displaced or Superseded By
other legal provisions, OF ohs,rucied by coIn'
bina,ions too powerful TO be suppressed by the
/ civil authority" This ease is one Which
comes within the provisions Of law, and which
oblige. the President 10 enforce these proVls-
ions Neither the constitution por the laws,
nor my duty or my oath Of Office leave me any
alternative OF any choice OF my action.
The Executive Government Vi the United
States has no power or authority TO determine
what was the true line OF boundary between
Mexico and the United States before the
Treaty Of GuadalouPc llidalgo, nor has It any
such power now, since the question has be-
come one between the State OF Texas and the
United States. 80 far as this boundary Is
doubtful, tina, doubt should bo remoyed by
some act of Congress, to which the assen, OF
Texas may be necessary by some appropriate
mode Of legal adjudication but in the mean
time, Il disturbances or collision arise, or