The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-03-06

than his constituents, but they would regard the
passage Of that measure violation OF their
rights II Is not 10 be wondered that the people Of
the South excited II 10 not to be wondered that
the temper Of the debates tend to ALLEVIATE their at
iections from the people OF the North II patriot
ism be not dead in this hall, Congress may adjust
their differences before the close Of the present SEES
sion. He believed that they be settled by non
intervention. He knew, however, that the ex
trefnes OF the country could not be satisfied To
restore peace, there must be spirit of Cancellation
lie believed this would Danish sectional enmity,
which he feared was too strong. Ifthey could call
up the spirits OF the good men who formed this
serve their country, all would be well, and strife
cease; and love Of country, and good feeling and
brotherly regard would continue.
Mr.. CABELL of Florida, after giving his rea-
sons for not voting for Mr. WINTHROP for Speaker
one Of which was, that the caucus who nominated
him would not entertain the resolution Of MIR.
TooMBs, declaring that Congress ought not to pass
law prohibiting slavery, or abolishng slavery in
the District Of Columbia-said that refusal to pass
the resolution regarded by him us the converse
Of the proposition. Mr.. WIsTHRoP great
favorite ia Florida more so yet, under
the circumstances, he could not vote for him. But
the Wings OF the North are more conservative than
the Democrats of that section. He believed, how
ever, that all parties there hostile TO the insti
tuition OF slavery, and are endeavorng to bring all
the power Of the Government against il. The at
tempt to destroy fifteen hundred millions of pro-
perty 10 well calculated to produce excitement.
The South is in danger, and southern men should
be bound together as one man.
Hccondemned thecourse of the Washington Union
newspaper, which spoke Of nothing but the interests
OF the Democratic party without reference to the in
teress Of the country In that paper the President is
accused Of having taken to his bosom an Abolition
Senator OF New Hampshire, and the whole Wing
party are charged with being responsible for the
present difficulties. He exonerated the senior ed
itor Of the Union, who is from the South Northern
editors Of southern papers GO ahead Of the South
itself-ahead of those who native born, and
whose interests with that section. Whenever
II Is to the advantage OF the northern Democrats
10 coalescc with the Abolonists they do it. 1t was
in Vermont, Connecticut, and in Ohio. Gentle
men had said that there was no hope for the coun-
try but in tho Democratic party But the South
do not believe that, and cannot go with them. In
the consideration of this question he knew no party
Wing Democrat. He knew that his section of
country was in danger. So believing he approached
the subject. His interests, feelings, and affections
were in the South. Her people were his people;
her God his God; her fate shall be his fate. If
she comes out of the contest triumphant, he should
rejoice; if in ruin, he should be involved in it.
The cause Of this South the cause Of Justice,
and he appealed to the patriotism of all men. They
fought for and have to pay for the territory acquired
from Mexico, and therefore claim right TO enjoy
it. The North have no right to exclude them from
it. Congress, with its limited powers, cannot ex
clude them, and with any powers should not ex-
clude them. They stand on the Constitution,
which guarantees equal rights to all. They be-
lieved that in warm climate, in the cultivation of
the soil, it was absolutely essential that there
should be involuntary labor. They did not believe
that the Jews and Lacedamonians were less pow
erful because of slavery. We find that Rome lost
her liberty when the freed men became equal TO
the Roman citizens. We believe that we have more
individual happiness than the North, and suffci-
cncy of political strength. The northern aims
houses are filled, and in his State there were not
five paupers
Mr.. c., after speaking Of the sentiments avowcd
on the floor against slavery, said that the South
determined to prevent the contamination of
the contemplated aggressions. People Of the South
hay ed rat trad b,,5 pt,ed
persons who hold such opinions. He had been told
that movement was made in the Georgia Legis-
lature to make 1t a penal offence for n lawyer to
collect a promssory note for northern man, or
for the sheriff to levy execution. This a
transcript of the law Of northern States, substitu
ting "promissory notes" for fugitive slaves. He
had recommended his constituents to revolutionize
in certain contingency-when the power Of the
Government should be arrayed in hostility to his
section. He desired to prevent it, and should
avail himself Of every constitutional and paria-
mentary privilege to prevent il, and in SO doing
he would find that he was discharging his duty to
them and to his country. Violent diseases require
violent remedies. Better that there should be tenn
porary disorganzation than permanent dissolution.
IL your fanacal love for the slave is stronger than
your love for the sacred Union upon you rests the
responsibility of its dissolution We desire union
with you but il be the constitutional union of
liberty and equality. We do not love the Union
more than we love our liberty; claim the equal
benefit Of the blessings Of government. If you are
determined that shall not enjoy this equality; If
you are determined to place US under the ban Of
the empire, and to place the powers of the govern
ment in hostility to section, and thus dissolve
the Union, upon you be the deep, the bitter, the
damning curse, and not upon the South.
We Of the South feel that we able to take care
Of ourselves; and our community of interests and
great resources Of the South might make one of
the great republics of the world. Gentlemen say
that ii is unpatriotic and reasonable to calculate
the advantages Of a separate organization. We do
IL in self defence, and to show that what you say is
not true-that we must submit 10 degradation, be-
cause the Union is indispensable 10 He held,
as our fathers did, that when government became
subversive ofthe ends for which IL established
it becomes the duty Of the people TO alter or abolish
it. We are very FAR from desiring dissolution.
We enjoyed and feel the benefits Of union; and we
know and dread the dangers which may result
from dissolution. We fear the strfes and wars, and
other innumerable evils, that might ensue We do
not court these dangers and these evils; but the APP
prchension Of them shall not deter US from the
maintenance OF what we deem 10 be right. A brave
man never calculates consequences in defending his
honor and his rights.
Mr.. q. expressed his regret that the period 10
which he was limited in debate would not permit
him TO address himself to the question Immediately
before the committee-thc admission Of California.
He would avail himself of some other occasion TO
declare his views; and he concluded by saying
Regarding the Constitution and the Union as one,
no where is II held in such high esteem as among
the people Of the southern States. They compose
the minority in this government They look to Il
as their shield and their protection They regard
.
They love II for the thousand Of endearing associa
tons clustering around IL. They cling 20 IL as
their best hope. Gentlemen Of the North, respect
the Constitution carry out the principles Of that
sscred instrument in the spirit in which IL was
framed. Love the Union do we Of the South
the Union of our common fathers-a Union Of lib
erty and equality--not Union 10 be made use Of
an instrument Of oppression. Then may we
and our children, and our children's children,
pursue a common pathway OF boundless prosperity.
cheercd by a. hopeful prospect Of still brighter
and happier future. May nis Union be pepefuoil
Mr.. fEATHERsT0N obtained the floor, when
the committee rose.
Mr. BROOKS said that the correspondence ac-
compan ying the Presidents message received to-
day had not been read He moved a reconsidera
ton tho vote by which IL referred 10 the Com
mittec on Foreign Affairs; and remarked that he
wished 10 refer TO the Committee on Commerce that
part relating 10 the coasting trade; and the other
the remembrance against an increase Of duty
iron or any other British products-to the Commit
tee on Manufactures.
Mr. STANLY said that IL this was a treaty, az
ought 10 be referred 10 the Committee on Foreign
Affairs.
Mr. BROOKS remarked that IL was not a treaty,
but correspondence between the American Sec