The Hillsborough recorder. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1820-1879, 1850-03-13

common territory belonging to all Of the
States, as the members Of the Federal
Union, and which have had the effect oi
extending vastly the portion allotted TO
the Northern section, and restricting
within narrow limits. the portion leil The
South. The next consists in adopting a
system Of revenue and disbursements, BY
whichan undue proportion ofthe burden Of
taxation has been imposed upon the South,
and an undue proportion Of its proceeds
appropriated to the North I; and the las,
is a system Of poliiicalmessures, BY which
the original character Of the government
has been radically changed. I propose
TO besiow upon each Of these. in the or.
der they stand, a few remarks. with the
view Of showing that il is owing ia-ihs
action Of this government that the equi.
librium between the two sections has
been destroyed. and the whole powers ol
the system cenlered in sectional major
ity.
The first Of the series Of acts by which
the South was deprived Of IFS due share
Of the territories, originated with the
confederacy, which preceded the exis-
tence Of this government. II is TO be
found in the provision Of the ordinance
Of 1877. Its effect was to exclude the
South entirely from that vast and fertile
region which lies between the Ohio and
the Mississippi rivers, now embracing
FIVE states and one territory. The next
Of the series is the Missouri compromise,
which excluded the South from thai large
portion Of Louisiana which lies north ol
80 80, excepting what is included in the
State of Missouri. The last Of the series
excluded the South from the whole oil
the Oregon territary. All these, in the
slang Of the day, were what are called
slave territories, and not free soil that
is, territories belonging to slaveholding
powers. and open 20 the emigration ol
masters with their slaves. BY these
several acts, the South was excluded
from ,23S, ,025 square miles, an extent
of country considerably exceeding the
entire valley Of the Mississippi. To the
South was left the portion Of the territory
Of Louisiana lying sonth Of SO 80. and
the portion north Of il included in the
State Of Missouri. The portion lying
south Of 80 80, including the States Of
Louisiana and Arkansas, and the terrific
ry lying west Of the latter and south oil
80 80, called the Indian country. Those,
with the territory Of Florida, now the
State, makes in the whole, 2S3 sos
square miles. To this must be added
the territory acquired with Texas. II
the whole should be added to the South
ern section, il would then make an in
crease Of 325, $50. which would make
the whole left to the South, 609. .023. But
a large part of Texas is still in contest
between the two sections which leaves il
uncertain what will be the real extent Of
the portion Of territory that may be left
to the South.
I have not included the territory re.
Gently acquired by the treaty with Mexi-
co. The North is making the mos,
strenuous efforts to appropriate the whole
to herself, by excluding the South from
every foot Of it. Ifshe should succeed, il
will add to that from which the South
has already been excluded, 526,O7S
square miles, and would increase the
whole which the North has appropriated
to herself to l,76i,023, not including
the portion that she may succeed in ex.
GLIDING US from in Texas. To sum up
the whole, the United States since they
declared their independence, have ac-
quired 2,372, ,046 square miles Of terrific
ry, from which the North will have ex-
cluded the South, If she should succeed
in monopolizing the newly acquired ter
ri,ories, about three.fourths of the whole,
leaving to the South but abou, one-
fourth.
Such is the first and great cause that
has destroyed the equilibrium between
between the two sections in the govern
ment.
The next is the system Of revenue
and disbursements which has been adop-
ted by the government. 1t is well known
that the government has derived its rev.
ue mainly from duties on imports. l
shall not undertake to show that such
duties must necessarily fall mainly on
the exporting States, and that the South,
as the great exporting portion Of the
Union, has in reality paid vastly more
than her due proportion Of the revenue !;
because | deem 1t unnecessary, as the
subject has on SO many occasions been
fully discussed.
Nor shall |, for the same reason, un-
dertake to show that far greater por-
ton Of the revenue has been disbursed
at the North, than its due share; and
that the joint effect Of these causes has
been, to transfer a vast amount from
South to North, which. under an
equal system o. revenue and disburse-
ments, would not have been lost to her.
If to this be added, that many Of the du-
ties were imposed, not for revenue, but
for protection--that is, intended to put
L. h,,f dirocf "