New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1850-06-18


soin,, that The lateu, nsat. evolved by the orma-
ton - much dew viii prevent frost II the A.
unssphero 10 dry, clear and still the dew. point Is
lower. and all the circumstances are favorable 70
frsrze the little vap0r condensed on such sub
stances as radae hear with the greatest facility.
An, thing which checks the radiation OF heat, like
a cloud smoke screen, or wind which agitates the
atmosphere serves 10 prevent frost Every farmer
,hould have q thermometer and rain. gunge, and
know the degree Of heat most favorable b al bis
crops The due temperature and moisture Of the
soil are as much elements u production and pr0it
as good manure a1i skllfgl uilage The writer has
studied the growth OF corn in different months 10.
ting the changes from ( O'Clock A NJ. TO NJ. rom
neon to Z P. NJ and from 2 NJ. 10 A. Nj.
When the temperature ia favorable, corn grows az
much per hour in the night as in the day time. No
aericuturist is 90 far advanced in the science Of
cmatology, ss to make al that cen be made Of the
water solar light and heat which nature 90 beau
tfully supplies There is no State in the Union
where the mean temperature OF summer is too low
10 rpen maize, or corn, as is the case in England,
Scotland and Ireland. The cutting down Of too
much timber in some parts Of the country has
operated 10 change, in some degree, the eli nate,
and render large districts more subject to alternate
droughts and rainy seaEons. In summer when
frequent and moderate rains are greatly needed,
the air is too dryto yield mach more than res pecta
bic dews for many weeks in succession.
To lean the well authenticated results Of clean
ing forests in drying up natural springs, and
changing climates, regularity Of rains, &c, the
the reader is referred 70 the writings Of Humboldt,
Kaemtz, Forbes, Boussingaut aud other meteor
oloeists Humboldt remarks: In telling trees
which cover the crowns and slopes Of mountains,
men IN all climates, seem to be bringing on future
generations two csamities at once-a want Of fuel
and a scarcity Of water. Humboldt vol. " page
l73l The waste OF valuable timber in the United
States 70 say nothing Of GrewoOd will hardly be-
gin 70 be appreciated until our population reaches
fifty millions. Then the folly and shortsig htedness
Of this age will meet with degree OF censure and
reprOach not pleasant to contemplate.
Different plants require unlike degrees OF heat
and light 70 bring them 10 maturity. The potato
will produce an edible tuber at a mean tempera
ture go low that neither its own seeds those Of
any cereal cen be formed. Boussingaut found
them cultivated IN South America at an elevation
bavpg mean heat so 10 ~ ss 40, requiring eleven
months in which TO grow, or 335 days between the
planting and digging. In many parts Of this com
try persons begin to dig potatoes ia 20 days from
the planting; and potatoes planted the lst of May
will be ripe by the lst Of August. In some Of the
Southern States they grow best in the Winter
season. Winter barley and rye will mature their
seeds e. a lower temperature than wheat Hum
boldt found akousk in high Central Asia, where
the earth was constantly frozen at the depth OF
three feet below the surface, both rye and wheat
Welding return sometimes Of Is 10 Of seed. At
that place the mercury is frozen two months in the
year-the cold being over 70 below freezing.-
Short as the Summers are, they have mean
temperature Of GA deg.
On the northern slope Of Monte Rosa in Swift.
zerlsnd barley ceases TO grow at an elevation of
1860 feet above the sea on the southern side it
continues to be cultivated at the height OF about
656O feet. Boussingault says that the difference
is atcribed 10 local causes.
In study ing the mean temperature and annual
I'll IoC- 4
States and the distribution OF both heat and water
through the year, one can hardly escape the con
victon that no other equal area on the globe has
equal agricultural capabilities Without including
Delaware, there are within fraction Of 500 100000
acres in the southern states. On tw0thlrds OF this
vast surface, wheat is harvested early enough in
May and June TO permit crop OF corn 10 mature
on the same land before autumn irOsts. By dra y
ing line from the Atlantic due west 10 the Rio
GTande so as to have 300 900 south OF it,
On every arabic acre two crops OF our most vaua-
bic breadstuils can be harvested In year. Allow
che third OF this for forests the beds CT rivers
aud irreclaimabe surface and there are left 200,
100000 acres for cultivation. On the suppOsitiOn
that the south had apopuaton adequate % dem and
such crops, 100 600 0O0 might be drilled with
seed wheat in November aieer corn harvest. put
ting hall the neediul fertilizers In with the seed
and sewing the balance broadcast in February or
March, after the English and Belgian practice.
With skillful culture and feeding. an average 70.
turn Of 90 bushels may reasonably be expected, |
producing en- aggregate crop Of 2,000000,0 900 OF !
bushels This crop would be harvested between
the Isl May and 18th June, after which a crop OF
corn may be grown. With dense population, as
in Belgium, France, and many parts Of China, there
can never be real lack Of fertilizers, so that 60
bushels of corn can be produced on every acre OF
arabic surface in our thirty States. By this e.
innate it is seen that the same land which had pro-
duced 1900, GOO bushels of wheat, might, SO far
as the climates concerned, easily ied 600 1000
bushels Of corn in season TO seed with wheat gain.
Gov Hammond Of South Carolina estimates the
preselt capacity Of the sayehodng States equal
10 the support Of 20O.OOO,OOO of inhabitants. To
give Virginia as dense a population as Belgium
has, which exports far more Of human food than
Virginia does.) would require all the people nov in
the nted States, to reside in the Anc.en. Do
miLion.'
OF the other 100 600 900 acres OF arabic soil. one
half may be planted in cotton, aud enriched no
more than TO give an average Of bale OF 400 lbs.
to the acre. This viii secure an annual crop 20
times larger than Is now grown in the United
States, snd 10 times larger than the consumption
Of the whole human family There viii still re-
main so million acres adapted 70 the culture OF
sUgarcane, rice, Tobacco aud other important sta
pies.
The nted States possess a territory embracing
over 1900 millions OF acres, more than moety OF
which is susceptible Of tillsge. Taken as q whole
the country has climate whose mean tempeFa-
ture and fall OF rain greatly favor the production OF
human food and clothing.
AS we are now engaged in laying the fJunda-
lions Of an empire such as the world has never
seen, nor scarcely conceived possible every advan-
tsge OF soil, climate, natural product and such val
uab]e trees for timber, fruit and fuel as may be
proftably cultivated, should command universal
care and study.
The following meteorological tables and STATIC
ties are compiled from the accounts received At this
Office and contain valuable information az 70 the
temperature fall Of rain, DC in various parts Of the
United States.
We condense as follows:
MEAN ANNUAL DEPTH or RAIN.
Places lnei-s.f Places I,.h=..
Fsrt COusi tutoo Ri q g. Fort Smith. Ark....356i