New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1850-08-15
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1t will now be obvious that any law, domestic
or foreign tending to interfere with the exchanges
Of the family or the eighborhood. would be OF more
serious importance than one that should, to the
same extent, affect those with the rest OF the ma
tion and that one which should Affect the trade OF
one part of the nation with another, would be more
injurious than one which should tend to limit the
trade with distant nations. Japan refuses TO have
intercourse with either Europe or America yet this
total Introduction Of trade with great empire is
less important to the farmers of the U nioa than
would be the imposition Of duty OF farthing
bushe upon vegetable food raised on their farms
to be consumed in their families
Tho sreet trade IL the home trade, and the
greater the tendency to the performance Of trade at
home the more rapid will be the increase Of pros.
perity, and the greater the power TO effect ex.
changes abroad. The reason of this is to be found
in the fact that the power Of production incre
with thel power Of combined exertion and all CON-
bination 10 an exchange Of labor for labor the OK
change being effected at home. The more ex.
changes are effected at home the smaller 10 the
number Of men, horses, wagons ships. or Sailors
employ ed in making exchanges and the greater the
number employ ed in the work OF production. with
increase in the qusntitity Of commodities produced;
ard the Porer to trade grows with the power to
produce, while the power to produce dimnishss
with every increase in the necessity for trade
Again, when the work Of exchange Is performed
ST home the power Of combination facilitates the
n
otherwise be wasted, aud an Infinite number OF
things that would otherwise have no value what
soever, but which, combined with the lab Dr. that 10
saved, are quite sufficient to make one community
rich by comparison with another in which such
savings cannot be effected. Virginia wastes more
labor, and siore commodities that would have value
in New. Englend, than would pay five times over
for all the Goth and iron she consumes.
Again the quantity OF capital required Tor ef
fecting exchanges tends to diminish as exchanges
come nearer homo. The ship which goes 70 China
performs no more exchanges in year than the
canal boat which trades from city to oity performs
in menth and the little and inexpensive railroad
car passing from village 10 village may perform
twice az many exchanges as the fine packet ship
which has coat ninety or a hundred thousand dol
lars. W it'll the extenion Of the home trade. labor
and capital become, therefore, more productive Of
the commodities required for the support and com
fort of man. and the wages Of the laborer ant the
profits Of the capitalists tend to increase, with fur
Their increase in the power TO trade. On the other
band, with dminution Of the power TO effect ex-
changes at home labor end capital become less
productive of commodities, and the wages Of the
lsborer and the profits Of tue capitalist tend to fall
while trade tends still further to diminish. All this
is fully exenplided on comparison Of the years
| 1868 with 1919, while the contrary, aud up
ward tendency is exemplided by the years 1866
and Z, ar compared with 1912
| singular enough, however, the fashionable doc
time OF our day Is, that the prosperity Of nation
Is to be measured by the amount Of It's trade with
people who are distant, as manifested by custom
house returns, and not ythe quantity of exchanges
among persons who live near each other and who
! trade without the Intervention Of ships and have
| little need OF steamboats, or wagons If the trade
Of neighborhood be closed by the failure OF far.
nance or q mill, aud the workman thus deprived of
! the power to trade of the labor OF himself or mis-
! children, or the farmer deprived Of the power TO
trade OF his food. consolation 10 found in the ia
creased quantity Of exports, Itself perhaps, the d.
rect consequences OF diminished db,ty 20 CONSUME
at home. II csnsLbolts cease to De built, the ma.
ton is deemed to be enriched by the substitution OF
ocean steamers requiring one Hundred times the
ita for the performance Of the same qusndty Of
changes. IL the failure Of mill aud furnaces
men to be thrown out Of employment, the remedy
10 tc be found, not In the revisal Of the measures
that have produced these effects bat 10 tue expor-
tstion OF the men themselves 10 distant cies thus
Producing q necessity for the permanent use u
ships instead Of canal boats, with diminished poe-
er to maintain trade, and every increase Of this
Eecesssty Is regarded as an evidence Of gro wing
| wealth and power.
"The whole tenoency OF modern commercial
policy to the substitution Of the distant marks, TO
the noar one. England exports her people TO Aus.
trhlis that they may there grow the wool that
might be grown at home more chesply, and wo ex.
Port to California by hundreds OF thousands. msn
| SN.f'Ss ~ ue1sspS BHO, ioaFlng %
hiEd them untouched the real gold mines -,hose OF
coal snd ironin which their labor would bs thrics
roreproductve. The reports ofths late scretsry q
the Treasury (Walker) abound In suggestions a. %
the value Of the distant trade. Steamships were,
be thought, needed TO enable ~ to obtain the con
troll OF the commerce OF China and Japan. "With
| our front on both Oceans and the Cali" il ga,
thought 1--WE might secure this commerce, and With
| q, In Tina command the trade Of the world. Eng
Land no, TO be ousdone In this race for "shs Dom
marco Of the world" adds steadily TO her aset O
| oc. an steamers, and the govefnmens contribution
;,s ia Sor shslr maintenance. by the payment o
| nnorxnons Sans vishA<sws IRON hs people a