Weekly national intelligencer., 1850-06-08

Of that kind spprehsnd, MI. President that there are
none who will doubt that the federal relation OF Terri
tory this Government is that OF property, and as always
the case of property held by sovereign, that carries with
ii only the right to the soil, except where Prvae rgnt
utervene but also dominion the people lnhabnng that
soil. k38
II was under such guidance that the convention assembled
in California and framed the constitution which has been
submitted by the Presdent-under the poclamauon Oh
military commander, without the sanction OF the congress
Of the United States but in derogaon OF ITS authority And
this constitutions with the exact boundaries 1t prescrlbes Tor
the new States called to sanction as matter OF
political necessity Sir have looked somewhat INTO the re-
port the debates in convention in California which were
placed days upon tables and found as other
gentlemen will nd ithey will look through this report that the
polar star which guided their deliberations all the great
questions TO be determined was so TO them as would
best ensure speedy admission OF their State into the Union
On the question of boundary of domestic sertude, and OF the
exclusion of the African altogether from California every
thing seems TO have affected and extent
troed by belief in the necessity of propatng the mejor
ty in Congress on subject of African slavery One OF the
earliest propositions in the convention in relation to the boun-
dares was they should prescribe the boundaries OF the
new State The existing boundaries of California those boun
dares by which the territory ceded by Mexico-bounda
es which would embrace nearly equal to that OF the
thirteen original States and the gentleman who moved this
proposition gave his for it. that they undertook to
and for themselves to prescribe more conve-
nient boundaries for the State of California the effect would
be produce dissension Washington, and difficulty and
delay in gaining admission into the Union That gentleman
said substance If take the whole Of California, will
be considered by any body that this immense of
hundreds of thousands Of square miles should remain
State but that would necessarily be divided the
number Of the population required il, and formed into differ
ent States and his proposition that the territory, when
the proper time arrived should be divided into SIX States,
each them having front upon the Pacific Such
was the proposition made by this gentleman who was ap
prehend, of the most intelligent and enlightened mem
bers Of that convention Those views, however,
ruled unjust the twenty thirty thousand people resd
a.. h~.s,~ So okn
miles off who ignorant that such convention was
session. and the ground that to take the whole territory
for the State would be likely dissenon
at Washington than arbitrary boundaries assumed
The result was that the idea Of embracing the entire territory
abandoned and feeling liberty choose for themselves
the convention eventually agreed take such boundaries as
would be Of most seeming advantage to the coast population
which doneby aline embracing the entire Pacific 'front.' from
the boundaries Of Oregon to those Of Mexico extent of ten
degrees of latitude and extending eastward to embrace the
mountain range, called the Sierra Nevada Thus the coast
population in California by dash of the pen, exclude
from the commerce of the Pacific the immense and
boundess territory which lies behind them with the millions
Of population which will swarm there at future day. And
this is done, although Nature herself would intend
otherwise by leaving open to the ocean, between the
parallels of "a and 35 degrees where the chains Of mountain
subside into the plain. .".~
will dealn the Senate by reading from the debates in
Convention. But propose quote from them the points
alluded above we'll others hereafter to be noticed,
and append to my remarks when in print" alude to
.ArrENp1x, containing quotations from ereportof the de-
bates in the CaEfora Convention. ...
ON THE BOUNDARIES OF CALIFORNIA.
Mr.. GwrN said (page 1876 of the report of debates y
" If understand the gentleman from Sonoma, (Mr. SEM
PLE he this morning that establish boundaries
Congress will be forced to admit with the boundaries
have cannot admit the argument. do not look upon
it, that to send constitution to Congress- they
forced to give all boundary that have described
that they forced to give it TO do not describe it.
think gentlemen aborng under great mistake regard
if pronounce certain line as the boundary Of California it
shall be the boundary notwithstanding any objection OF Con-
gres have the idea that the Congress the
United States would this great extent OF boundary
expected that should remain State And when gen.
emen that they will give up inch Of the Pacific
they say what they carry So far
cerned should like to see six States fronting on the Pa
cihc, in California. l want the additional power in the
Congress OF the United States of twelve Senators instead Of
four; for it is notorious that the State Of Delaware,
smaller than smallest district has much power in
the Senate the great State Of New York not the pas
sage bill through the House Representatives that makes
law that bill has to through the Senate, and in that body
the State OF Delaware has much the State of New
York And the past history of country sir develops TIE
fact that will have State upon State hereprobaby many
the Atlantic sideand accumulate States
muae strength institutions become powerful do
good, and do evil have doubt the time will
will have twenty States this side Rocky Noun
tans want the power and the population. When the
population comes they will require that this State shall be de
AS evidence that the inhabitants residing south of the para
lei Of $50 so preferred Territorial form Of Government the
same gentleman (Mr Gwin) held the following language,
page 1867 I".sl.
"Sir, not here forcing State Government upon
portion Of the people Of California whose delegates have by
their recorded votes stated the fact that their constituents
against State Government and in favor of
Do you expect and require that
they shall sustain this Government and become part of
not let US require their delegates retire from this
yenon, apply Congress for Territorial Government and
exclude them from State boundary Gentlemen affect to
believe that taking large Of territory not repre-
sented here and from which opposition our action has
Is. q nF
those peoples when at the moment we have here be-
fore US the direct protest against State Government of por
ton OF the inhabitants OF this territory who represented
But do we stopdo we refrain from committing this of
Justice No, sir; we 60 and include them; we never
think of excluding them They bear the expense of State
Government while they prefer Territorial Government
but rather than submit separate organization or run the
risk OF getting no Government at all they waive their obec
ton and act with u.s."
And again, page 1877:
"The provso of the gentleman from Monterey (Mr Hal
leck) added at his suggestion prefer sending my pro-
position offered it. We should not Inuate our cons-
tuition this subject We send i: great Power Gem
emen deny the right of Congress interfere with the sub
ect OF our limits Congress has the power to designate
what shall be, why do send constitution there
opposed any oher boundary but that California as
recognised by the Governments of the United States and Mex
for another reason and consider very important one
that we leave portion OF territory would
ry open question which here should interfere with
We all know what SO deg. so Is 1t is the great bone of
contention North of that there is contest South of it
there is contest If gentlemen will look where this line
strikes the Pacific they will that solitary vote was
by delegate this Convention south of that lne except
hose cast against State Government The representatives
from that region unanimous their against the
ory these delegates represent the why exclude the
barren waste beyond, where white lives We take
the substance and leave the shadow take the
whole territory stop that line If stop that ne