The North-Carolina standard., 1850-02-06
RALEIGH CAROLINA MORNING.

ered, greatly exceed in amount any injury that Great
Britain attempted when she drove the colonies into
resistance Besides. sir, their aggressions have in
nneI less show OF constitutional right or color OF
natural justice. But what they now propose is too
papable even for our southern generosity. IT. after
having been free for seventy years, the southern
States were to consent to be thus degraded and
saved, instead Of the pity, they would meet the
Grafton, who would be responsible, ought to be whip
ped through their fields by their own negroes. I
thank God that there is one in my district that
think so meanly of, to believe that he would
readily come into whatever movement might be ne
cessary for the protection of rights and liberty.
tell northern gentlemen, who in hopes that the
South will be divided, that shall not have half
many traitors TO hang did Tories in the Revo-
luton.
If gentlemen mean that the Union, upon the prin-
cples of the Constitution. is desirable, will not
controvert that opinion. But the Union never could
have been formed without the written Constitution.
So if you now, by your action, practically destroy
the Constitution, those injured, if able to resist, will
not submit. That instrument was ordained, in its
own language, to I" establish JUSTICE insure domestic
tranquility, and the blessings of liberty to
all parties to t-namely, the freemen Of the Union
Ii, therefore, under its form, gross injustice is done,
insurrecon excited and the citizens of part Of the
States politically ensaved, then the Union ought not
to stand, instrument of wrong and oppression.
There is throughout the South strong attachment
to the union of the States This sentiment rests not
much upon any calculation of interest as on histo-
ric associations and the recollectons of common an
cestral struggles and triumphs. Our people take
pride in the of the United States, and in being
members of great republic that furnishes cheering
example to the friends of liberty throughout the world
But events of the last few years rapidly weaken
ing this feeling. Seeing that there appeared to be
settled purpose in the North to put them to the WALL
many of our people, regarding dissolution of the
Union as the inevitable result of this aggression, have
looked forward to the consequences of such state of
things.
will tell northern gentlemen, in the hope that
many Of them have not yet passed the point of
what IS the view presented in prospect many of the
highest intellects in the South. 1t is well known
that the existing system operates hardly on
the South and the West The Government raises
upwards of thirty millions annually by duty or tax
upon imports. But this system acts very unequally
the different sections of the country. For lus,ra-
tlon of the mode of operation will take single
ticle. Railroad iron is produced in England at so
cheap rate that tcanbe brought to this country and
sold. we may say, for $40 per ton. This is much
They therefore ask the Government to require the
payment of 800 per ton by way of duty. The inn
porter, therefore, instead of selling for $40 per ton
must ask $50, to reimburse himself for what he has
paid out abroad, and to the Government. Every per-
son, therefore, in the United States, who purchases
railroad iron has pay $40 for each ton. There
are however, some advantages to counterbalance this
loss. In the first place. some of people, finding
that they can make profit by selling railroad iron at
$6O per ton, engage in the manufacture, and thus
find employment. While SO engaged, these persons
consume the produce of the farmers and others, and
thus make home market for agricultural productions.
We see however, that the loss of $50 per ton falls
on all those any part of the United States who may
consume the iron. But the benefit is confined to
those persons who are engaged in making iron, and
those who live so near them that they can convent
emily get their produce to the factories In fact this
sort of manufacturing is confined to the State of Penn
sylvania, and perhaps few other localities. But
my constituents can no more pay the manufacturers
of Pennsylvania for iron in the productions of their
farms, than they could the British ron-masters. 1t
is therefore to advantage, must pay for it
In cash, to get the iron at the lowest rate. This is
true of the southern and western people generally.
This illustrates the effect of and protec-
tive system. The burden is diffused the whole
country, but the benefit is limited to the manufactu
rers and TO those persons who reside so as to
have thereby better market; very little than
one-third of the Union gets the benefit Of the system,
in exclusion mainly of the South and West.
1t is not easy to measure the precise extent of this
burden. 1t has been estimated that twothirds of all
the articles which would, if imported, be subject to
pay duty, are produced in the United States. To
return, for ready illustration, to the of railroad
iron. If two of every three tons of iron consumed in
the United States made in this country, it would
follow that the person who consumed those three
of iron, while he paid twenty dollars to the Govern
ment the ton imported, would pay forty dollars 10
the home manufacturer; and if he lived far from
the manufacturer that he could not pay him in pro-
duce, it would follow that, in fact, while he paid the
Government but twenty dollars, he would lose sixty
himself on account of the duty. When, therefore,
the Government gets as it is doing, thirty millions Of
dollars revenue, the whole burden to the consumers
of this country would be one hundred millions of
dollars; Of this amount, the South pays, according
to its population and consumption. forty millions OF
dollars. This SUN think too low in fact.
In the Patent Office report, made to the last ses-
sion of Congress, (the last pubished) it is sta
ted by the Commissioner, Mr.. Burke, northern
man, that the annual value of articles manufactured
in the United States is five hundred and fifty millions
OF dollars. This statement does not include iron,
salt, coal, sugar, wool, the products of fisheries, and
other articles, which duty is collected; adding
these, swefs the amount to nearly seven hundred
millions. Our imports for that year unusually
large, on account of the famine abroad. Neverthe-
less, all the articles imported, which duty is COL
lected, including the above omitted in the statement
OF manufactures, are in value only one hundred
and eleven millions hundred and fifty -four thou
sand three hundred and fifteen dollars. 1t thus APP
pears that the amount manufactured in the country is
more than six times that imported. 1t is preten-
ded, however, that this comparison affords proper
measure of the of the burden which the coun
try may stain and that while pays to the Gov
ernment thiryhree millions, it pays two hundred to
the manufacturers indirectly, thereby making the
whole loss to the consumers in the first instance,
two hundred and thirty-three millions. Some few
are manufactured here as cheapiy they be else
where; and very large number, at the places where
they are made, are cheaper to the consumer than
would be the foreign article when transported there
1t is also true, however, that in great many cases
the consumer loses even more than the whole duty,
because he is not only obliged to pay it to the
acturer or refund it 70 the importer, but also profit
OF per cent this duty to each trader through whose
other instances the price is intermediate between
what it would be without any dutv and that which