Western union. (City of Hannibal, Mo.) 1850-1851, 1850-12-12

By rneoaIs'' ng the Industry Vi our own Cit
scns, Wi' /. { duty to avail ourselves u ths
sdvsntsge.
A duty l,i' upoa an article which can Not BE
produced IN the country, such - tsa end coffee,
adds " the cost of iis article, and 10 chiefly o.
wholly psi, b. the consuinerj but duty laid
upon on srticls which may be produced here,
stimulates the skill and Industry Of our own
country IL produce the same article, which 10
brought into the same market IN composition
with the foreign article. The importer 10 thus
compelled 10 reduce the p!ics 81 which the do |
nestle article osn be sold, thsrsby throwing a
part o: the duty upon the producer and con
su,nss st home. The consequence Of this 10,
that the sr,izsn and the agriculturslist are.
brought toge.hssj each aff"rds ready market
for the productions OF the other. The whole
country becomes prosperous. end the ability co.
produce every necessary Of life rsndsrs Us
independent in war - we'll % in peans.
A high tariff can never be permanent. II
willcsusa dissa.isfaolion, and will be changed;
IL excludes competition, and thereby invites the
investment Of capital in manufactures 10 such OK
cess The, when ch.ugsd, ii bring. distress, bank
ruptcy and ruin upon all who have been mis-
led BY ito faithlsss protection. What the man
ufactursr wsuts 10 uniformity and psrmsnenoy,
that he may feel confidence that no 10 not to
be ruined by sudden chsngss. But, to make .
tariff uniform and permsnsnt, It is not only neo
sssary that the law should be altered, but the
duty should not Auctuats. To effect THE, oil
duties should be specified. wherever the nature
Of the article 10 such % 10 sdtni. Of II: I'D vso
rem duties huct,ia,s with the price, and offe,
strong temptations TO fraud and perjury. Sps
cifo duties ON the contrary are equal and uni
form in all parts. and at all times. and offer a
strong iniucsmen; to the importer to bring the
best ar'icls, as he pays no IN III duty upon that
Than upon one uf an inferior quality. !, there
fore strongly recommend a mo,iitic ton Of tn
prs.snt Tariff. which ha. pro.tratsd soms OF
orr most important and necessary manufac'ur-'
AMI thu, specific dn,ie, he imposed sufficient
raise Tho requisite revenue, making such DIS
elimination in favor nf the industrial pursur,
Of our own country. A. to enc"ur 'gt hume pro
dnc,ions without excluding foreign competition
Il 10 also important. that an unfortunate provis-
ion in the present Tariff which imposes much
higher duty upon III. raw material that enter
, into our manufactures, than upon the msnnfac
tured articles. should be mndiisd.
: The papers accompanying tho Report Of the
Secretary of the Treasury will disclose frauds
q attempted upon The revenue, in variety and a.
noun: great ss to justify ths conclusion, that
i, is impossible under any system Of sdvslo
! rem duties, levied upon the the foreign cost
or valusso the article, u secure On honest ob.
ssrvshcs and en- efFsctual administration Of tn
laws. The rsudu-n, de, ices to evade the law
. which have been detected by the vigilance q
the Apprsi.sss, leave IT, no room TO doubt Iha
; similar imp"si'i"ns. to be disooverrd) TO
l.rgr am, unit. kav. been successfully prsctice'
A since the enactment Of the law now in furce
. This state Of things has already had . projnd,
c'al ,nffurncs upon those engaged in foreig'
G commerce, because il has . tendency to driv
u The honest trader from the business Of impor'
ting AMI to throw that important branch Of EN-
: ploy msnt into the hands of unacrupulons AM
Q dishonest men, who are alike regardless Of isw
: and the obligations Of an oath. By these mean
l. the plain Intentions oil Congress, ~ expresses
d in the lsw, are daily defeated.
:. Every motive Of policy and duty. therefor
n impsls me 10 ask the earnest attention Of Con
;. grsss 10 this subject. II Congres should dee,
:, It unwiae to attempt any important changes
, the system Of duties st this season, Il will be
o. come indispensable to The p election Of the r.,
l. enue. that such remedies ~, IN The judgment {
Of Congress, may mitigate the evils complains
Il OF, shonld u on Q b. applied.
le As before stated, specific duties should, in m
l. opinion, b rsmsdy for the evil, but, IL you
s. no. concur in this view, then, ~ partial RENE
;. dy, | beg leave respectfully 10 recommend the
" instead OF taking the invoice Of the article ,
m broad ~ . mssns Of deciding ito value here;-
=. the connec,ness Of which invoice il 10, in man
of Instances, impossible to verify -ths law Be-
i, changed a. to require . home valuation or o.
)" prasal, 10 DO regulated in such manner -
~ give, rs lar as practicable, uniformity in u
several parts.
1t An extract from President Fillmors's Me-
e. sage up"n the subject Of an Agricultural B.
III r-au being established by Congress:
- 20 More than ihrss-fourihs Of our populali.
-, are engaged ~ the cultivation u The sUl. II
III commercial, manufacturing and Navigating II
N t.rss,s, ss all, TO . greet extsnt, depends
70 upon the agricultural. 1t il, therefore. the mo
ty important interest Of the nation, and has j.,
III claim 10 the fostering care and protection u Il
H. Government, 80 far ss they can b extend.
consistently with the provisions Of the Cons'
70 tuition, As this cannot be done by the ord
nj nArp modes Of isgi.lation, respectfully recon
a. mend the establishment Of On Agricultural b,
h. rsau 10 be charged with tho duty Of giving
this leading branch Of American industry u
% encouragement which it so we'll deserves.
~ view of the mineral resources Of our eountr
IL provision should also be made for the emplo,
~ ment Of competent minsrslogist end ohsmis
IS who should hs required, under the direction
iu the Bureau 20 collect specimens OF the vsrio'
N, minerals Of our country, and to ascertain,
st careful analysis, their respective elements, 81
b. their adaptation to useful purposes. He shou
. alan H.. venuiv ed IN sva,nina and yanoPt nm