The Madisonian. (Canton, Miss.) 1850-1855, 1850-06-27


the North allow her to enter the Union 2
Such were the territorial bills proposed for
California at The last Congress, but they
rejected Them, because the South was not
excluded from this territory, in express
terms. The inhabitants 81 this territory,
have been Ief without any civil govern
ment, solely because TIE South would not
consent 10 BE- legislasea Uus Of them with
her Institutions and now thai this object
is accomplished BY The constitution pre-
scented By California, heseconservatives-
these advocates Of law and order-are Gag
er to admis hes without any right or pre-
cedent, into the Union. We are aware
Of the Inconvenience The inhabitants Of
California may have suffered for want Of a
ciYl government established by Congress
and therefore, are prepared to yield much
ON account Of the circumstances in which
they have been placed.
The next measure is in perfect keeping
with tie FIRST feature Of "ihe report,'' il
takes from Texas territory sufficient fol
two large States, and adds them TO New
Mexico. What The bill contains with re-
spect TO slavery will be Of little conse-
quence ; fot it is designed that the nexl
winter New Mexico, thus constituted.
shall follow the example Of California, and
be- admitted as State with a constitution
excluding slavery from its limits-for with
out such exclusion she cannot hope to be
admitted BY the non.slaYehOlding States
into the Union. The effect will be thai
territory, over which slavery now exists,
equal to two States, will be wrested from
the South, and will be given up to the non
s~laveholding States. The pretext is that
there is some doubt as to the boundaries
Of Texas. Texas BY her laws, when she
was admitted into the Union, had but one
boundary towards the west, and that boun-
Diary was the Rio Grande. Congress in
the resolutions admitting her into the
Union recognized this boundary, bYlayiDg
down a line Of limitation between the
slaveholding and non-slaveholding States /,
(beipg the Missouri compromise line Of So
deg. 80 min. parallel Of north latitude,)
through that part Of her territory, her
right to which is now questioned. Her
boundary Of the Rio Grande to its source
alone gave her this county, and was thus
recognised and ratified by the resolutions Of
annexation. To vindicate this boundary
for Texas, as a member Of the Union, the
Mexican war took place and IN the treaty
of GuadalOupe Hidalgo, il was finally wins
dicaad and settled, BY d clause in the
treaty, designating the Rio Grande as the
boundary between Mexico and the United
States. Thus by the laws Of Texas, by
the legislation Of Congress aud by a sol
emn treaty Of the United States, the Rio
Gfande is The western boundary Of Texas.
Yet the pretension is set up, that her terri
tory does not extend to within three hum
died miles Of the Missouri compromise
line, where Congress, in receiving her into
the Union, determined that her territory
should be divided among the slave holcing
and acknowledging States. Texas is
the only State in the Union which has the
solemn guarantee Of the government Of
the United States in every possible form
Ii her boundaries. Yet this is the gov
eminent which disputes them ; and under
the pFetext that they are very doubtful
proposes to take from her nearly one hal
Of her territory. Il is BY virtue Of such
pretenslons, that BY the bill two States are
to be taken from the southern and given L
the northern States; and this wrong is ag.
gravated BY compelling US to pay for it,
throughshe treasury Of the United States,
Il is undoubtedly proper, that Texas
should be quieted as 10 her boundaries; bu
she should be quieted by law Of Congress
plainly acknowledging them. If after hel
boundaries are settled, the general govern.
ment, 70 carry out the purposes Of the con.
stitulion, Of in good faith 10 fil all the OBJ
legations the annexation Of Texas to III,
I
Union requhes, should think proper to pur-
chase any territory from Texas, the ar.
fangement may be unobiectionable. Blu
anY arrangement eoucetning her territories
which leaves a shade Of doubt as to tht
right Of Tie people Of the South to enteI
any portion Of the territory, which accord.
Ing ID tie terns Of annexation are now
free % them, neither Texas MOI the Gene
raj goyeramens have any right to make
The terms Of annexation constitute III,
e0aapaSi u Union, between Texas and III,
other States Or The eonfadsraey and thii
compact secures irrevocablY 10 the peopl
Of the slaveholdlug States the right of.en
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