The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1850-08-29

or understand, when spoken, Inc convention,
that gave assent to the conditions OF admission
was not called by legal authority, but by the
Chairman of q Democratic State Committee. Not
onethird Of the people Of that State assented
TO the terms of admission. | had prepared myself
to discuss the whole question, but Others more
fortunate in gaining the floor, have brought out
the main facts | do not propose to repeat them.
have no disposition to turn over the old kaleido-
scope to get new reflection from the came bits of
broken glass | consider the objections as really
given mp The gentleman from Georgia, across
the way, [Mr Wellborn, whose spirit we all ad-
mired, and wish all might have initiated, pro-
posed to admit California with her present Con-
800 30 north lati,noe. NuvIV sny ..rss>~ -
raeuhyry in the want Of confessional action or
IN want or a census, IN votes oiIvrelgn poPSlA-
ton, south of that line than there was north of il
If not then that offer surrenders the whole ques-
ton, on the ground of irregularity. Almost every
Southern speaker has consentedto give up his OBJ
jections, provided Territorial Governments are
given to Utah and New Mexico without the Provi-
So What does tina, proved One of twothings, most
certainly either that there Is no real objection,
or else that it stands on such slippery morality
that it can be moved for fair price. Every
one can have his choice in the horns OF that
dilemma.
But when you have given up oil controversy
about California, why link II with others, many Of
them old and offensive about which there is dis
pute? Why bind the carcass to the living man
| have right TO a vote on California as a distinct
measure. | have a right to put myself and my
constituents on the record in her favor No man
can Justly deprive me Of that right by compelling
me to vote against California because you have uni
ted il with other hostile measures in hucksering
compromise Why are all the measures to be
settled from one section2 We have measures &C
the North in which we feel strong interest We
wish . ehsn~~ fsSy the, tsrit policy oE 1896
THE wool-growipg and manufacturing interests,
and the iron interest, are all staggering on the
verge of ruin they are In state of siege looking,
as they have a right to eek, for the Government
TO come to the rescue. Many Of the manufactur-
ers of the North have struggled against adverse
fortune without dividend since the passage of
the tariff of 1916. Intelligence has just reached
US that In one village thousand operatives are
thrown out of employ in single day and that in
three months, probably more than ten thousand
must share the same fate in New England. In
these circumstances we are tortured by this per-
petual delay Asa Northern man, feel morti-
fed that FIVE months of the session are now pas
sed, and the Committee on Manufactures have not
had their first meeting. We feel anxious that
something should be done by establishing an ag-
ricultural bureau to aid the farmers, who consti-
tute two-thirds Of the people of this nation. The
Government has worked long enough for the ben
eft .of politicians and placemen; it is time that
something was done for the people themselves
We wish to see improvements in the rivers and
harbors in all parts Of the land, measure that
was thwarted by an Executive Veto Now, sup
pose we insist on inserting In compromise all
these measures for commerce and agriculture and
manufactures and declare the one shall not pass
without the rest, California will appear with o
tell as long and ominous as the tail of a comet
portending war and pestilenoe to the land, Why
are sectional interests linked with her2 Is it not
confession that they cannot be risked on their
own merits-that they cannot go alone, and
therefore they must come crouching along under
the wing of California? The splendid vessel
rugged and manned on the blatant shore starts
on her voyage she doubles the cape at length
the signal announces that she has reached thu
offing. The masses Of people, reused and joyou'
at the tidings, throng the beach 70 witness hel
advent. The cry arises why does she delay he
her comng2 The only answer that can be givel
Is that there Is a bantering process going on Il
the commercial divan. Each one Wishes TO prof
by her coming She must tow irfhis packet, o
his sooty whaler, or junk, or fishing smack. A
length it is gravely decided that she must put on
to sea again, or come dragging on behind her a.
the old, crazy crippled, water-logged craft on al
the cosat
The second proposition of this bill is to cree
Governments for Utah and New Mexico. / oh
| ject to it, because 1t excludes the Ordinance o
| 1887. Vermont was The first to exclude SLAYER,
| from her borders She was the first to take tn
position now held by the free States in regMd h
slavery In the Territories. On November II
1919, she passed this resolution:
| "IH GENERAL ASSEMBLY, NoD. III, 1919.
"The General Assembly Of the State of Yer
mont view with deep concern the attempt to in
troduce slavery into the territories of the United
States, and to legalze 1t in States to be admitted
into the Union. They regard IL as a measur'
manifestly tending to increase and perpetual,
an evil Of no ordinary magnitude and danger
of magnitude, as 1t deprives portion Of mankind
of those privileges which republican principle
guarantees to all Of danger, a. II may, and that
possibly at no distant period, subject the master
to the vengeance Of the slave and, as it will
retain the physical force Of the slaveholdne
States for self preservation, when II may be most
needed for national effort or defence. They re.
gard 1t as tending To increase the number OF
slaves as the extending their territories, and in
creasing their demand and value, will encourage
the violation Of all laws made to prohibit their
importation; and rs tending to perpetuate sla-
very, by adding the influence and power of States
to be formed within our territories, which event
ually may constitute majority Of the Union.
"They do not perceive that the plea Of necessity
on which the existence Of slavery can alone be
palliated will extend to the territories Of the
United States. They cannot doubt that the
powers of Congress are adequate to the effective
prohibition Of the further introduction of sla-
very, that they have the supreme power Of legis-
lation over the territories for all purposes Of ma
tionsl concern, and that they not bound to as
sent to the admission Of any State into the Union,
unless upon such conditions AZ shall be consis-
tent with the general welfare.
"The General Assembly do therefore resolve,
that our Senators be instructed, and our Repre-
sentatives In Congress be requested, to use their
influence to prohibit the introduction of slavery
into the territories Of the United States, and TO
prevent Its being legalized In any State here
after to be admitted into the Union"
She put her reasons on the record, that slavery
| Is wrong In itseif-that 1t tends to weaken the
national strengtb-that 1t cannot be tolerated on
| the plea Of necessity-snd that Congress has the
constitutional power to prohfbh Il. These are
her sentiments now. The doctrine that contro-
verts them IL modern doctrine, affirming that
men 20 to any territory OF the United States,
carrying with them al that is held as property In
their several States. There Is remarkable uni
formty in the utterance Of that doctrine Look
| through the long debtes Ia both Houses OF Con-
gress, and you see II always in the same stereo-
typed form. We should suppose that as a mere
matter Of taste, for the sake Of novelty, II would
sometimes be varied but IL still holds the same
| immutable formula The reason Ia plain-chanes
the expression, and you kill the doctrine. Say
that you have q right to carry your local laws
into the territories, and you make an equivalent
expression that every lawyer will drop like hot
iron II is not true as any State North or South
There are fifty men in Vermont, who own bank,
with capital of one hundred thousand dollars.
They hold ssd damage their property ~ local
laws Of the State They nov propose TO take
that bank and migra'e to California, where the
law prohibits banking, or TO territory where
| H. . =. ~ l.ws IN tha suliect They propose