Weekly national intelligencer., 1850-03-02


stances by which are surrounded
We therefore declare that he unity Of Government which
constitutes people justly dear us for is main pill
lar in the edce of real independence the support OF our
tranquility al home, peace abroad Of saiety OF our
prosperity and of that very liberty which highly prize
That National Union is Of immense value 10 our colec
tive and individual happiness that should cherish cor
dial habitua and immovabe attachment it accusoming
ourselves to think and speak Of the palladium of po
lcal safety and prosperity watching for its preservation
with jealous anxiety whatever may suggest
suspicion that can in any event be abandoned and
Indignantly ownng upon the first dawnng of every attempt
to ALLEVIATE any portion of country from the res or to en-
feeble the sacred ties which now link together the parts
Ciizens by birth choice Of couny that coun-
try has right concentrate our affections The name Of
American which belongs in national capacity, must
always exal the just pride of patriotism than any ap
pelaton derived from local determinations. We have, in
cause fought and trumphed together the ndpen-
dence and liberty possess the work Of joint counses
and joint efforts of DANGERS surngs, and successes
But these considerations however powerfully they address
themselves sensby greatly ouweighed by those
which apply Immediately to our interests Here every
portion of our country finds the most commanding motives for
carefully guarding and preserving the union of the whole
All the parts combined cannot fail find in the united
of and efforts greater strength propoonaby greater
security from external dangeE and, what is of nesimabe
value must derive from union exemption from those
bos and which frequently aict neighboring coun
tries tied together by the Government which their
vahps alone would be sufficient to produce but which
opposite foreign alliances attachments and intrgues would
stimulate and embitter Hence, likewise, will avoid the
necessity of those oyergrown military establishments which,
under any form Of government nauspcous to liberty and
which be regarded particularly hostile to republican
liberty. In this is that Union ought to be cons
dered the main prop our liberty and that the love OF the
ought endear the preservation of the other
These sentiments Of the Father of his Country entitled
to the respect Of the people of every part Of the republic East
and West North and South He lived FOR THE UsIoS, he
died and buried USIoS, and in this Congresson
district Let not the future historian record the melancholy
fact that his honored remains pose in dsonied member Of
a once powerful and united empire Of freemen.
With these feelings proceed TO the business for which
assembled The question of Slavery has agated the
councils Of the country various periods from the foundation
Of Government. In the formation Of the Constitution its
influence was powerfully felt but conflicting opinions
then reconced by the spirit Of enlarged patriotism and COM
promise which animated the members Of the Convention /;
and since that time there have been three occasions only
far the Congress Of the United States is concerned
which there has been legislative action and these we will
briefly refer.
The first the celebrated Missouri question, which
was finally adjusted by Congress- with the assent of the
assent of the most distinguished statesmen Of the South
well the North and their act sanctioned by James
Monroe Southern President and Of his Cabinet composed
of five members, three Southern men, wit VIM. H.
Crawford, John G. CALHOUN, and William Writ.
The second the insertion Of the Missouri COM
promise line in the joint resolutions for the annexation Of
Texas But these resolutions gave to the Executive the al
Tentative OF proceeding upon the authority which they
feed, by treaty. he might think best and, in the
ecse Of this discretion, the Executive with John Tyler
Southern President its hesd and with John c. Calhoun
Secretary Of State decided promptly under the
thority of the joint resolutions and not by treaty and thus
effected the exclusion of slavery from any new States
be formed out Of Texas north of $50 3V.
The third the insertion Of what commonly called the
Wimo provso into the Oregon Territorial bill As the
whole Of this territory north Of the line $50 30 it
supposed to fall within the principle Of the Missouri compro
mise and the act of Congress, voted for by Southern and
Northern men, sanctioned by James X. Polk, also a
Southern President Of the United States.
We pause this PERIOD and all dispassonate men if
any act has been passed by the National Legislature which
will justify US Southern men, in resorng the
which have been suggested in quarters
remedy for grievances We know that the
Legislatures of several of the Northern States and of many
Of their citizens have Just of complaint, for have
been grevousy wronged by them but far any legs
ave action by Congress concerned think the appeal
must be answered in the negative.
But new difficulty is upon We have by the late war
with Mexico acquired immense territory and the question
is how shall it be governed while it remains in territorial
condition
The question is not to the policy impoicy Of that
acquisition. It is now acquired by joint
exerons and ought to be held for benefit The
disposition Of the North far indications of public sen
ment have reached u.s. insist in any territorial bill that
may be formed upon the exclusion of slavery, while the
South, with entire unanimy resist this legislative exclusion
The latter do not ask for any positive law establishing slavery
but they demand that Congress shall legsate upon the
subject and that it shall be left be decided by the Judicial
tribunals whether under the Constitution Of the United Sdes
or the local law Of the Territory, both combined slavery
may may not exist there In regard the right Of the
people Of the Territories when forming State constitutions
to exclude to admit slavery, them shall best
we believe there now serious diversity Of opinion and
views that subject will be found in the fifth resolution
which is copied verbati from submitted the Senate Of
the United States the honorable John c. Calhoun of South
Carolina.
The Legislature Of every Southern State in the Union has,
with almost entire unanmy declared in the solemn and
explicit manner their unqualified opposition the applca
ton Of the Wmo poviso to the territories acquired from
Mexico In March, ls47, Legislature acted the
subject Again, in January ls49, and for the third time at
the present session. Upon the second and third of these
casons the subject of the abolition Of slavery in the District