Weekly national intelligencer., 1850-10-19

I'm me SuOSIuMe QVeTeu Oy uI. Z rkLCH JOT - tNe
bill TO make temporary Prorision for the soork-
California, and preserving order IN the gold
In THE srxArH, SEpTExsKR 2, 1850.
Mr.. FREMONT said Mr.. President the very advanced
period of the session when obtained and
able bring forward the California business induced
take in relation bills which thought
agreeable to the Senate and best suited 10 for them
favorable consideration This the indulgence
of the Senate for making speeches. but to con6ne myself
brief exposition of the nature and principles Of bill when it
should be called up, and then to well as could
the inquiries and objections of Senators either principles
details But 6nd such difficult this bill, which
introduces subject and which, from its novelty
and Importance exces, and ought TO excite much interest,"
and requires close examination The principles Of this BILL
have already stated hem to exclude all idea OF max
ing national out Of thcsc mines TO prevent the
possibility Of monopees by moneyed capitalists, and to give
to natural capiathat to say, toabor and indusrya fair
chance to work. and Che secure enjoyment of what they nd
To carry these principles their just results all the de-
tsns Of the bill are carefully directed
The Senator from Michigan, (Mr. FELcH,) who has made
the motion strike out the whole bill and to insert subst
tute does object these principles, but the contrary
supports them, and objects only to details Adopting the
principles Of the bill and is leading provisions he objects to
the machinery may call il, Of executing the system
objects to the egens the PERMITS and Of course TO the
small which is to be paid for the permit He would
to leave the law TO execute itself that 70 say, leave
every act for himself under the law. the honorable
Senator familiar with the working Of things in Cali
fonia who have drawn up the bill for which he pro-
poses this substitute, believe be would have intro
duced such proposition 1t would work well any
where but would throw every thing into disorder and
fusion sd make every judge and jury in bis own case
Laws must have officers to execute hem and think none
could be cheap convenient and suitable to the people
than such this bill provides for In the first place, there
agents. who reside each in gold mine district
grant the permits applicants visit the mines and, with
NJ
promptly, and without the delay and expenses Of
court Of justice for every little question which grows up
among the miners To that the agents faithful and
attentive superintendent Of gold mines is created, whose
business it is to supentend all the agents. examine their
books and accounts hear complaints sgainst hem take ap
peas from their DECISIONS and suspend them and appoint
others in of misconduct The superintendent is thus
armed with strong power, the miners, but the
agents, and for the benefit of the miners considered
necessary to have this strong controlling present with
the agents and the miners that all possible attention should
be paid to the faithful execution Of the act and the immediate
redress of all wrongs The superintendent is necessary to
give regusy to the operations of the agent to hold them all
accountable and be the head Of the sysem To accom-
Pish these purposes authority upon the spot Is rdpen
safe The gorges Of the Sierra Nevada are too remote from
the Metropolitan Govemmenthe President is too far of to
observe the conduct of agents. TO hear complaints redress
wrongs dismiss the unfaithfu 1t would be equivalent to
no redress for injuries il miner who is wronged is obliged
to send bis complaint Washington city, and prove up at
that distance from the scene of his complaint.
The quantity allowed to each person is ample consider
ing the privilege he has of changing his location often as
he pases and selling his lot when he is offered good price,
Thirty feet square is to be the of lot to be worked by
manual labor in placer hundred and feet about
acre. TO be the size of lot in mine to be worked by
machinery in the rock.
placer lot accordingly, contains hundred superficial
feet with depth the Of the earth cute Of these
dimensions would be twenty thousand solid feet and
place Of toerabe richness is found, industrious man
may say his fortune is made Sooner later every indus
trious man expect 10 find good lot and whether he
uottz vkust h,oro dupsll ho apnplo
If be SELLS he may take another permit and work until
he makes another good discovery and either sells this
hausts it and until be is satisfied the mining ex
haused Wherever he may plant his stake, exclusive pos
session guaranteed the miner long he works his
mining lot his assignee sod his legal repeseI-
aves in the Of death. All that he finds is to be his
there is tax to be paid, per centum, fifth,
TENTH twentieth to the Government officer stand
over the and require him give account all he
fnds and surrender up part to the Federal Government
All bis that he has the industry to collects and for
these multiplied advantages with the protection of law and
the security Of orde the citizen pays only dollars month
for many months he may choose exceeding twelve
with pre-emptive right to continue his lot This
nominal of dollar month all that the bill proposes
for him pay and while will be sufficient indemnify
the Government for all expenses and to yield respectable
besides it will be burden the miner He will not
feel it but will pay it cheeruy in return for the advantages
which the permit secures him. Under this system every in
dusous man-every who has courage to persevee
try places until fortune favors hm-wi feel assured
that his fortune is in his own hands
For the more extended and regular operations by mach
nery the dimensions Of the parcel Of mining ground fixed by
this bill hundred and feet square, about
In mineral country eputed to be Of such exraod-
mary richness these dimensions considered abundany
large for the mine ITSELF and sufficiently to afford for
temporary buildings in the beginning Of operations Here
after when the mineral districts shall be better known and
tie locality of the odes veins precisely marked out larger
contiguous spaces may be granted to miners for the
Of the buildings absolutely necessary for extensive works
In the mean tme should be remembered that these veins
will in of ground rich in loose gold, and that all
the advantages attending permit to work placer apply to
the permit work mine, Of which the superficial content
about thousand feet and thirty feet depth Of which
would be one million three hundred and twenty thousand
solid feet. The dimensions of lot of mining ground are
therefore about fifty times greater than those Of placer lot
For these great advantages propose that the Government
should ask only twenty FIVE dollars month, dollar
month being the fixed for placer permit and the per-
NIT for mine therefore only half that for placer, fifty to
one being the proportion between them.
The bill contains beneficial provisions in favor OF first dis
they have double quantity without the
ment Of any fee and with the privilege of preempve
right These privileges have been recognised just and
polite under the laws of every mining nation Under the
many mining lots be chose to stake out upon the ven
and under the mining ordinances Of New Spain several such
lots granted the dscoveer and upon many veins
as be might discover in entirely mineral ridge II is
only apope reward industrious discoveer, and in
ducement researches which result in great benefit
10 the country The discoverer of placer of
mine, therefore, will have full reward for his enterprise and
his expenditure in time and money
Five centum Of the proceeds from the sale of the per-
nts TO to the State Of California for purposes of inter-
nal Improvement This upon the principle Of the sale Of