Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1850-04-05
From the Democratic Review for January, 1850.
Stability of the Union.


publican institutions in Europe, is, doubtless, the
proximity Of powerful arstocratic landed interests
whose system of internal oppression furnishes them
with the means of external corruption, and which
they have never been slow to apply to the internal
affairs of any state where the tendency Is to repuD-
licanism. Unhappy Poland was distracted, and ul-
tmatey dismembered, through the influence OF sur
rounding despcts, operating upon the interests pas
sions preiudices and vices of its own leaders The
circumstances of the first Republic of France, show
with what INSCRIPTIONS bOldness an English minis
try supported and paid partyleaders whose business
it was to hurry the republicans into excuses which
alienated the sympathics of the middle masses, and
compelled mOnarchical reaction. The enormous scale
on which the forgery of assignates as provided IN
courts of law, carried on by the government OF
England under the immediate direction OF William
pitt for the double purpose of corrupting partylea
ders in Paris, and of running the French finances by
destroying Through excuses of supply as well as
risk of fraud) the credit of that paper which was
the only resource of the revolutionary government
is fearful instance of the machinery which corrupt
governments put in operation against the sabIl-
iy of those institutions which they dread, and the
integrity of those countries of which they coVet
portion. The position of parties in the United States
and the general circumstance of the continent in
lation to Great Britain indicate the working of SINH
lar schemes against the integrity of the Union, and
the continuance of the " Model Republic" Within
the last thirty years. the most extraordinary change
has been ght in the position of England in her
relations with other countries; and while she has
been apparently descending in the scale of nations,
and seemingly becoming annually more dependent
for necessares upon the rest OF the world she has
been slowly and cautiously weaving a web of diplO
macy designed to replace her at and forever at
the head of commercial and manufacturing nations,
and to confirm her in the dominion OF the seas
From remote points her combinations have been grad
Taliv developed until the crisis is now at hand and
she hopes to make final and successful grasp at
commercial supremacy over dlsmembered union OF
the States.
The course of affairs since the peace of 1915, has
hoo tn of
materials of manufactures and of tropical produc-
TONS to the civilized nations of the temperate lati
tudes The progress of science, and the inventions
of genius have exerted constant influence in in
creasing the facility with which the nations of Eu
rope may supply themselves with industrial products
and, therefore, to diminish the amount and mpOr-
tance of their international trade. This tendency
has however, only served to enhance their COMPETE
ton tor the productions of tropical climates, and OF
newly settled regions, of which the exports are al
ways that rude produce necessary to supply the
dense populations of the older and Weather nations
with the material for labor. Those who can best
succeed in commanding these, in exchange for a
small proportion of the wrought fabrics, have the
best prospect of outstrppng their rivals in the
for wealth and power. This became manifest to the
British statesmen Immediately on the settlement OF
Europe by the treaty of Vienna, when the prospect
of continuing to England her manufacturing and
commercial monopoly, by keeping Europe emhrOlled,
was at an end. A policy then adopted
Since she could no longer maintain monopoly OF
ing competition by laying foundation for ample
supplies of raw materials and produce from her own
resources and at the time for cutting OFT as tar
practicable the supplies drawn by other nations
The great items of demand were cotton, hemp, flax,
silk sleeps wool, and indigo, materials, with
coffee and sugar as tropical productions each year
becoming more necessary to her people. Of the raw
materials cotton and wool were the most important;
as vet, however the demand for the latter had not
greatly exceeded the English home supply, but was
evidently increasing beyond it. The colony of Aus
trilia fixed upon the of future supply;
and of all her schemes of ACKNOWLEDGEMENT, in that
lone has England been measuraby successful The
wants of cotton manufacturers were daily becoming
urgent, and with every new spindle put ill op-
eratiOn the dependence of England upon the United
States was enhanced. The British statesman fixed
upon the East India possessions the quarter
whence abundance of cotton could be realized in full
confidence that any quantity could be there ralsed
of quality equal to that of the United States Ear
nest attention therefore directed to the ameOra
ton of the condition of the people of that region, to
prepare them for extensive system of cotton cul-
ture. Simultaneously with this confident reliance
upon the capabilities of India to produce cotton she
adopted the calculation that free African and East
India labor, applied to her West India Islands, would
produce sugar and coffee much cheaper than those
articles could be raised in Brazil and Cuba by thc
expensive and wasteul system of slave labor, more
particularly if the cost of slaves and the expense Of
procuring them should be enhanced by the suppress
sion of the African trade. 1t followed if her
ing sound, chat by raising ample supplies Of
wool and cotton IN her own possessions, and nCreaS
ing the sugar and coffee productions of her West In
dia Islands, by substituting free labor supplied from
her own tropical and densely peopied possessions 0
India, the suppression of the slave-trade would de
prive her rivals Cuba and Brazil of labor, and tina
blacks do not increase naturally, in those regions
she would soon extinguiSh, at least check thei
competition. The conspiracy of Turnbull, the Brit
ish Consul at Havana, to incite slave insurrectiO
in Cuba, followed close upon the emancipation
British West India slaves but it was discovered an
crushed under circumstances that left no doubt Q
the participation of the British government in the at
tempted crimes.
By the example of emancipating her own slaves
and by the exercise of collateral influence she hope
to b~ing about emancipation in the United States
event which would not fail to destroy the cotto
culture, and thereby protected India from opposition
well as deprive her European rivals in the manu-
tacture of a source of supply. The emancipation
her own slaves in the West India Islands was cfec
ed by the payment of 100000 as indemnity
Misunderstanding at hand the means of crushing an
attempt at instruction, to which sudden freedOr
might prompt the blacks. and bring on a barbarou
and bloody of races, such that of which 81
Domingo afforded an example, she remunerated tn
whites and gradually and smoothly freed the blacks
Emancipation in the United States would necessar
ly be different matter. Three millions of slave:
clothed and fed by their owners, could not be pal
for. In common with their masters, they SUI
ported by the products of their labor, in the
pacity of slaves. Their release from that condito
would involve at once cessation of production tn
planters credit with factors would cease, their non
NAL wealth disappear, and destitution overtake tn
whole In common. Putting aside all considerable
OF the natural enmity of races this restitution woul
necessarily involve scenes of robbery, outrage an
murder If these things occur in Ireland from mer