Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1850-05-17


sion and say that il was effected against The conlco ans
the wishes Of he North. In fact il neither N"fl, 10
South that has made these extensions oi our empire. o
the glorious fruits of that republican policy Wleh a' "
sectional views, and which has ever looked, ana "t
will look, 10 the welfare Of the Union and The wh"ic mon
And this enlarged and catholic spirit which In le
induced the Northern Democracy Ia extend the area o o'
Union by embracing within the State OF Texas has eve
been reciprocatcd by the South
In the Revolution the South her sons 10 leiisi VI
Northern fields, in defence of Northern soil cs IN na
struggle North and South stood shoulder shoulder BY eac
other. The of 1872 waeed for rights pecala'i'
dear the commercial States of the North IL was "''
for Stree trade and sailors rights" rights III "nc m u'
South felt peculiar concern, but which she h"l'iV' T.;
with as much spirit her interests were III
voved So of the South stood by you IN Your coh,'
versy respecting your Northeastern bonndary ana sun
though threatened with the power OF England whei % WI
time had come for asserting your claim 10 the III N"''e''
territory of Oregon. ,.h,,
Blu, an honorable gentleman from Ohio Clr Campbell
complained That the South had repealed the ann ac's
1873 and l5l2 and spoke o these acts OF rrpca as
sions upon the North and upon Northern capital lhs u
coSery is entirely due TO that gentleman and ieci coa
will with him the merit Of having made H.
Why sir those had proved OF the greatest INJURY u
interest in the country excepting the lalhachs
interest only Our selfish pncy as developed in them, had
closed against the markets of the world ANA lett Inc ilc
and varied productions Of the earth 10 waste upon our an
and shipping 10 rot for OF employment al ther
wiarves Their repeal has given impulse To eact oil
these cmpoyments and, under the genial influence OF @ir
present Tariff act, the husbandman is Ia receive That
reward which is due 10 his industry and our commerce. ul
sLackled whens every ocean, bearing upon lis
bosom productions of every cline. and free 10 contribute
to the comor, and relief of man wherever be found
And yet the honorable gentleman speaks OF laws ln' nave
proved thus beneficial dggrsSSDRS upon The NORM.
now leave the consideration OF charges snch rs ihese'
and will briefly examine The justice OF those complaints
which the entire South uers against the North
And in the first place. gentlemen oi The Norti permit me
10 direct your attention To subject OF complaint ahon which
the people represent feel the greatest anxiety ana concern
II the conduct of your people al your Jhd"es ana
your legislatures with respect 10 The restoration VI
IL is well known that the Articles Of Confederation
|
as might flee from State another. And prior Ia he
adoption OF Constitution the want oi such provision
subjected those States interested IN slavery 10 4fthl
inconvenience annoyance and loss We also know t''t
this entire subject carefully considered IN the I"hven
| ricn which framed the Constitution and we iurthtr
| know that the Constitution would never nave bcrn
adopted had il conaincd that full and complete prov
sion for the protection ofor slave property which wc find
in it, That provision ia that mo person held I" service "r
labor i'm one State under laws thereof eschpin. into
another shall in consequence o any a or regulation hcr'
in bc discharged from such service or laoor o Sa ~ dr
vered up claim of the party 10 whom such Servrc ur
labor may be due The object Of this provision oi The
Constitution is plain 10 be misunderstood. II was
intended 10 the owner "l 4 fugitive SLAVE tlf
right recapturc his slave IN the state 'o Whc
hc had escaped ilcd that he had in he STATE from wl
he escaped And any Law regulation ol any State winch
in any interrupts, limits, delays, "r ispnneS tins
,iuhi il violation of this Constitutional guarantee ana
anv conduct the part o the citizens o any state whh
has such effect reprehensbc in the extreme vI
laon Of The snpcne law of the land and should be pun
ished in the exemplary Snch i The copac
the solemn stipulation, which you made with rs. And
ask how has il been kept your part - although
the members several State Legislatures, and all
ynr Executive and Judicial officers have each oi them
sworn support this Constitution, aud hy taking that
oath have sworn abide hy his compact and Ia aniln
il in ful force how has il been kept For many II
construed By people according L. It's true Intention
aud design; and slave escaping I'M" nonSia'"ho'ain.
could be pursued and in general easily apprchen
ed there az in the from which he He'd But lur any
wears past lis obligation has been almost entirely d.rcsa
Cd; aud in Of The States every obstacle Is thrown N M
way Of the who goes into such States 10 avail in
sell of right secured 10 him nv the Constitution ON
people inteIpose every difficulty in way, they cast
every insult upon and whenever II Is necessary Il"
insure the they do hesitate In
sort 10 any degree Of yiolence-a violence so:netncs
amounting 10 murder us in the Of Kennedy, III Mary
land So great indeed, the violence 10 which we aie
subjected that | know that from own district
thinks pursuing hi, slave into Pennsy lvana beng
tn State in which the runaway slaves from my portion 81
Virginia habnrej and concealed unless he goes arn"
preparod sell his life dearly he may and always ia
apprehension lest deal may be The consequence o his et
IL recover property which Is his by c laws - s ""n
STATE, his by this provision Of The Federal Constitution
Do yu say that guard against these act u sio-
lnc-tbat they are suddcn-he oi mohs yon cannot
,ntrop In reply say your las invites this violence and
these nobs For it, in the attempt 10 recover ms sdvc
ANY inui arises the Is made Responsible tor III;
and tunut is therefore always rcs"riod tnit being the
very mode for escape pointed out by y"r laws again
Your law makes il highly penal III any officer ar cizcn IN
any way mid the claimant in the recovery o his property
You further deny him the privilege OF securing hs pro-
lrrty in any "buiding belonging the Sat" or tn anv
town city, person therein" And YOU punish, by heavy
fine or long imprisonment magistrate who dncs To- com
pv with duties assigned him BY the Act oi Congress OF
1893
And now can the North which has derived 50 much
benefit and has grown great under this Federal onstlt
ton feel surprised that call upon her. by the dit shc
n.dped To us in sacred instrument and by thc obl"a
lions she thereby assumed Ia stand by Tins provision made
r our benefit Or she be surprised that her neglect oi
,. hgh obligations under which she brought herself s ac-
cepn@ this Constitution has given rise 10 dsanponimcn,
d much angry feeling part l. she - receive al
,he advantages union and yet be held bound by this
most solemn spuatinn-a stipulation distinct, that no
| prctcxt It's evasion
ly AT IHIn "A "A
that our Northern States do award 10 us in spite o all
real or assumed prejudice against Us and our institutions,
precisely that Of justice which Tie Constitution in
tended Let ihcm in this matter act up I" lis true intent
| aud meaning. We ask nothing more.
Such has been our devotion the Union, that we have
borne with patience that surprises ourselves when we
think of it, the many serious evils inflicted upon rs by yonr
studied denial Of constitutional right And such still
desire maintain the Union, that weare even now VIII
ling forget aud forgive the past III consideration o JUS
| ce hereafter.
but there is another question as important 10 ns OF the
South that have discussed scarcely less Injurious
her present interests and, if possible far more alarming
its future effects upon weliare and That Is your
assuming the right this Government 10 exclude slavery
from the Territories OF the United States THESE Terrific
es are the property ol the States acquired by the
ain blood and Of ALL through the agency "i this
Government Being thus acquired they are the property oi
each of the States and of all They the property OF
Virginia. much OF New York Massachusetts; and
are only the property Of the United States because the
pcry of Virginia and each of her sister States And yet
hy your clamorous threats exclude slavery from them by
law of Congress- you have virtually appropriated them 10
derment all the southern States ana
their inhabitants Is this the treatment which deserve
from you our partners in this Coniederacy Is this
discrimination against the South insulting her honor
as il is injurious her interests! Is it that Just division
to which equals cntled Is il wise polite thus 10
exclude from all participation in the fruits Of our joint
cilns And does such hold out Ia the States
thus placed under the ban the possible motive 10
withhold from the Federal head all assistance in future wars
the possible result Of which be the acquisition Of terri
| tory!
But let us leave these general yet unanswcrabe appeals
10 Justice and right and examine whether you have The
power thus egislae The powers granted 10 this Federal
Government few in number and limited in and
all the powers delegated the United States BY the
Constitution reserved 10 the States respectively or 10
the people And whenever "a question arises concerning
the constutionay Of particular power the first question
is whether the power be expressed in the Constitution II
be- the question is decided Ii bc expressed III
next inquiry be- whether it is properly incident 10
an express power and necessary its execution If be- 1t
may exercised by Congress If be no Congress can
exercise it, This is the test given us by Mr. Madison
in his well known report of f99le00 By which Try The
validity OF all doubtful powers claimed for this Governments
and have quoted its precise language because aut:
~ much respected believe by Democrats o! he
North by those in the South. therefore invoke pa
ical brethren from that portion Of country apply
ihs test given by Mr. Madison, the power 10 eN
cude slavery from the Territories by law of CongresS and
entr this Of Ia be