The Middlebury galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1848-1850, 1850-01-01

making an aggregate Of tiriy-seven mil
Hons Elk hunared and ihirty-ops thousand
SIX hundred and si1iy-seven dollars and
eighly-two cents, (s57 63I ,667S2)
The accounts and estimates which will be
submitted to Congress In the Report of the
Secretary of the Treasury, SHOW that there
will probably be deficit, occasioncd by the
expenses of the Mexican war and treaty, on
the frs' day of July next, of five millions
eIght hundred ami twenty-eisht thousan one
l.unlred ard twenty-one dollars and sixty
SIX cents, (S5,S2S, I'll 0o,) and on the first
day Of July, 1851, of ten millions five hum
dred and forty-seven thousand and ninety
two dollars and seventy three cents, (SlO,-
547,092 73) making in the whole n probable
deficit, to be provided for. of sixteen mil
lions three hundred and seyenty-five thou
sand two hundred and fourteen dollars aud
ihlrty-nine cents, (Sl6,375.2l4 80. The
extraordinary expenses of the war with
Mcxicn. and the purchase of California and
New Mexico, exceed in amount This deficit,
together with the loans heretofore made for
those objects. | therefore recommend that
authority be given to borrow whatever sum
may be necessary TO cover that deficit !
recommend the observance of strict economy
in the appropriation and expenditure of pub
lie money.
| recommend a revision Of the existing
tariff, aud its adjustment on Il basis which
NAV augment the revenue. | do not doubt
the right or duty of Congress to encourage
domestic industry. which is the great source
Of national as well as individual wealth and
prosperity. | look to the wisdom and patri-
Oiism OF Congress for the adoption of a sys-
ten which may place home labor, at last, on
sure and permanent footing, and, by due
encouragement of manufactures, give a new
and nciensed stimulus to agriculture an
promote the development of our vast re-
%Onrres and the extension of our commerce.
Believing that to the attainment of these
ends az well az the necessary augmentation
of the revenue and the prevention of frsuds)
a system Of specific duties is best adapted,
strongly recommend to Congress the adoption
OF that system, liking the duties at rates high
enough TO afford substantial and sufficient en-
cuuragement to our own industry, and at the
sams time so adjusted as to insure stability.
The question of the continuance of the
Sub treasury system Is respectfully submitted
TO the wisdom of Congress. II continued,
important notifications of it appear to be in
dispensabIe.
For further details and views on the above
aaI DINER matters connected with commerce,
the finances, and revenue, refer 20 tho re-
port of the Secretary of the Treasury.
No direct aid has been given BY the Gen
eral Government TO the improvement of ag-
ricu'ture. except by the expenditure of small
sums for the collection and publication of az
ricultural statistics, and for some chemical
analyses, which have been thus far paid for
out Of the patent fund. This aid is, in my
opi.isn wholly inadequate.
TO give to this leading branch of American
Industry the encouragement which it merits,
/ respectfully recommend the establishment
of an Agricultural Bureau, to be connected
with tho Department of the Interior. To
elevate the social condition Of tie agricul-
tarst, TO increase his prosperity, and to ex-
ten his means OF usefulness TO his country.
BY ultiplying his sources of Information
should be the study of every statesman, and
n primary object with every legislator.
NJ civil government having been provid-
ell By Congress for Califaynia. the people of
'ha, Territory, impelle,l BY the necessities of
their political condition, recently met in con-
vention. for the purpose of forming consti-
,s:iea and State government, which, the lat
rs. lvices give me reason to suppose, has
been accomplished; and it is believed they
will shortly apply for the admission Of Cali
fornia into the Union, as a sovereign State.
Should such be the ease, and should their
constitution be conformable to the requisi-
lions Of the Constitution of the United
Bates, recommend their application to tho
favorable consideration CT Congress.
The people of New Mexico will also, il is
believed at no very distant period, present
themselves for admission into the Union.
Preparatory to the admission OF California
IA New Mexico, the people OF each will
have inst uted for themselves republican
form of government, laying its foundation
in zach principles, and organizing its powers
&. such form, es to them shall seem most
likely to effect their safety and happiness"
2y awaiting their action, all causes Of un-
eas;nas5 NAV be avoided, and confidence and
kind feeling preserved. With view of main
tanning the harmony and tranquility SO dear
to all, we should sbsiain from the introduc-
ton of those exciting topics of sectional
character which have hitherto produced pain
nj apprchensions in the public mind and
rsoea: the solemn warming of the first and
rsost ilustgous Of my predecessors against
f. nishing any ground for characterlzlnS
part es BY geograp hical determinations
A Collector has been appointed at San
Frs.r-isco. under the act of Congress extend
ing :hc revenue laws over California; and
mrsurcs have been taken to organize the
custom houses At that and the other ports
mentioned in that act, at the earliest period
1,r1.ticablc The collector proceeded over
tnd, and advices have not yet been received
OF his arrival at San Francisco. Meanwhile
i /, UNDERSTOOD that the customs have con-
t:nued TO be collected there by officers act
inr IN lerthe military authority: as they were
un.ler the administration Of my predecessor
I, will. I think, be expedient to confirm
tho collettious thus made, and direct the a.
,,;ls. (after such allowances rs Congress may
think fit to authorized to be expended WITH
in the Territory, or to be paid INTO the
Treasury. for thu purpose ct meeting appro-
prations for the Improvement OF IFS fiNer'
snl harbors.
A party engaged on the coast survey. was
deA, stched to Oregon in January last Ac-
co7hl:r ID the latest advires, they had ho'
lett Nalrlrnia and directions have been CIV
en- 70 tneh as soon as they shall have iIxed
on The sites " the two Ii ht-houscs and the
pinis authorized 10 be constructed ana
placed II Oregon, to p,oceed without delay,
TO make reconnolssaacesof the most impor-
tant points on the coast o California. and
especial. to evamne and d.,srmine on sites
for lighthouses on that coas;, IL. sneedy e.
rrction of which is urgently dennnded by
our rapidly increasing commerce.
lhAve transferred the Indian Agencies from
Upper Missouri and Council BluGs to Santa
fe and Salt Lake and have caused II l..