New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1850-11-07
-aAle cnnnerce vn.
- ne tribune.

IN -! rosr PRINCIPLE in relation to the equaI-
ti0n V'',s stability OF prices, resulting from the
itg s'' innate Of the rclatiave repugnance Of
Sfe'0s' .tinds Of industry, and after establishing
dis'es s,otiop. by citing the practical results at
tha' ;f,e stated that several most important re
11a, o.s necessarily from the inequality of esti-
su'' .tcb still exists The first of these results
hl9ss .t, ,hat Competition is directed to aud made
a' York at precisely the right point-superi0r'ty
.fa.rtrmanee, not security Of c0ndlt1oa--was then
.1s;dered. will now state some other results
ofeooal Importance.
o Eyery person is aided in being placed in the
.edonmancc of his proper function In the exist
inp social disorder men are, for the most part,
thrust by chance into the positions winch they o0'
capy and the pursuits which they follo" NOBODY
Init the man himself feels the slightest interest IN
HE being in that place in which he can make the
test use of his powers. If his position happens
10 be fortunate adaptation to MS Wv
ga3n is his own 1t is monopollzed ny MN 'uIou5"
sho operation of the value principle or tle oenc
6, if felt at all by the public, IS so remoteiy lel'
,bst there is no general interest manifested III the
natter and it is accordingly lett entirely 10
oh.nce. Consequently men, considered merely
a. ;astyvmeats Of production, are now employed
- nucb at random as the implements OF iarm
MD he if some savage, smitten with taste tor
sa.;cvl,nre bad installed himself III the farmhouse
I'll bepan by using the harrow tor hetchel, tne
bandsaw for an ak, the sickle tor pruning NOOK
.bo rake for hoe and so on. Under the operation
NJ the Cost PRINcIPLE the superior ftceiieAce OF
Zach individual in that occupation IN winch he eX-
L ,iOy7rpa II DDt1 because
tbet il the pont upon which Competition bears,
ard because the advantage OF his being employed
- i eIures directly to the benefit OF society by
Iou,c,ine the price of the article winch ne pro-
duces, rendering every one ANXIOUS to see MN 80
nlaced and ready to aid him by every means to
nlace himself there Tins leads us 10 tLe next
o0Et which is:
TIT Competitions rendered cooperative instead
of antagonistic This may not at first seem to be
a distinct point, but 1t is really So 1t was SHOWN
before that competition is made to work at the
right point viz. excellence OF performance. But
that excellence or superiority might sun enure
exclrsiyely or chiefly to the benefit OF the lndl-
.;Snai who possesses it. Such is now the case,
ION fearful extent with machinery, which has the
first of these properties, namely, that 1t completes
With labor at the right point excellence OF perform
ance but has not the second; that u.s. 1t Is not CO.
lucrative with unaided human labor but antago-
nietic to it, turning out hundreds aad thousands OF
lab0rers TO starve, on 0cc0~"I " 100 0N'' S"Pe-
Tf07fty.
Tho point to be shown now, is, that under the
oneration of the Cost PRINCIPLE excellence OF
performuuce--the point competed tor whether by
individuals or machinery equally TO the
benefit of all, and hence that competition, rightly
directed and working under the true law OF prlce,
is co6peratve and not antagonistic; although, as
yespects machinery, the demonstration will be
rendered more perfect when we come to consider
fbe Ie01tJru0fe USp Of CdDltdi.
Illustrations of practical operation will be bet
ter understood if drawn from the affairs OF the
small village than if taken from the more extend
ed and complex business Of the large town
Suppose then that in such village A is an ex-
trsordipary adept with the AK Hecan chopth
chords of wood day and d are the next IN
facility this labor to a, and can chop two chords
and half day. Now, under the operation OF
this principle, as showed previously, II they are
employed at all in chopping, they Will all De Palo
as the same rate per hour II there rs any I',lG
e1ceit will 1robably be that A, along with thls
snrer;or ability. will have an extraordinary fond
mess for the kind of labor as compared with other
Kinds or which is the same thing he viii nave
less repugnance for it, and that he Will II thorough
II imbucd whit the principle, place his labor at
less price than the established average PRICE Tor
housekeeping. The consequence VIII oe that tne
services OF A will be first called into requsltlon Tor
all the wood-c hoppng IN the village, so long as
thcre is not more than he can or IS willing TO 40
Itpill only be when the quantity OF lnborts great
or than he can or will perform, that the services oil
Cand ID will be REQUIRED, then those OF the next
grade ofcapacity. aud so on The pohthoW 10 De
iustratodis thatit is the Whole vlilageth IS pen
Gifted by the superior excellence OF a. and then OF
T. and G. sc in this business, and not those in.
diyldunls alone While a, can chop all the wood
for the village, the price oi wood chopplnS is less
or in other words, bookkeeping IS cheaper to
the whole village than it is wien the interior
grades OF talent have to be broughtln; because be
ftee more work III the hour and IS pad no more
IN any event and perhaps less Tor IT, Conse-
Quoutly. again, the cost and hence the price OF
cooking and hence again Of board, is all less to
every consumer. So OF heating rooms. SO OF the
blacksmith S work, the shoenakers work, and IN
fine, oil every article OF consumption produced IN
the village because the manufacturers OF allthese
articles While engaged III the manufacture, con,
sumo wood, which wood has to be chopped, and
the cost OF which enters into the cost ct ther pro
ducts; md ipasnuch us these products are again
sold Mt cost it follows that the price OF every artl
Gle manufactured and consumed is reduced ny
the SUPERIOR excellence OF y. as wood chopper
In this general advantage a. is merely common
PARTICIPANT with the other inhabitants but then,
in turn, the same principle IS operating to
place each of those others III that occupation IN
which he eNCes and their excellence IN each OF
these occupations respectively is operating IN the
san manner to reduce the price OF every other
article which a, as well rs others, has to purchase
Hence it follows that the very competition which
crowds man out OF one occupation and nils IL
with another on account OF his superior perform
ance comes Just as much to the benefit of the man
who lis outside Of his place it does to that OF the
man who is installed in it, provided all avenues
sFe open TO HIM to enter other pursuits, and pro-
ysded there is labor enough at some pursuit tor
all-pomts which viii be elucidatcd presently.
Hence il follows that under the operation of the
Cosr PRINCIPE competition is rendered cooper
atiye and not antasonistic the point now under
consideration,
Let us push the illustrations little further. In
wood-chopppg the chefpoint Of superiority is in
the rapidty of performance. In other occupations
iii different Take the case of clerk or copy
list. Here there three or four points OF excel
lence, speed elegance, legibility and accuracy
Ar this does not in the least affect the principle
The competition may be fer the combination Of the
greatest excellence in each OF these properties or
it>lay be, in case there is enough Of the business
n j. a i. ~