The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-07-21

= III ~ ~
introduction Of slavery Tor the reason here indicated
would be impossible Any man who should even think
seriously OF taking his slaves country elevated
and ~ Tar removed from good markets. would only be
worthy OF . commission Of lunscy.
ma my OPINION on this entire subject abundAntly
confirmed by gallant and highly accomplished officer
OF our army (Col Emory Is follows.
The country from the Arkansas this point The Colo
ada river more than 3O miles, ia Its adaptation 10 az
ncu'ne, has pecuaries which must forever stamp seli
upon the population which nhabls H. All OF North Mea-
leo, embracing New Mexico chihuahua, Sonofs, and the
Calllornias. far north SACRAMENTO lar
the best Information the IN the physical charac
tor OF It's surface aud differ but hide Ia climate OF products
ln part oil this the rains from Heaven be
relied upon, extent, for the cult walton OF the SOIL
The earth is destitute of and IN great part also OF any
vegetation whatever.
few feeble streams aow in dieren, directions from be
great aans.as which IN many places ;assIss , re-
and sometimes by moun'ains without water aad without
ssseaon and may be called deserts 20 ia u ney per
The cultivation of the earth is therefore confined 10 those
strips Of land which are within the level OF the
waters of tue streams, and wherever pracsed in com
tnuny with any success, or to any extent Involves DC
gree of subordination aud absolute obedience to chief
repugnant TO the habits OF our people
The chief who directs The time and the quantity oil the pre-
cous rrlgatng water must be implicitly obeycd by the
of water, distribution OF H. neglect To
NJ ko the proper embankmen,s may sndanser
Of subsistence OF many people lie must therefore be
armed WIN power TO punish promptly ana immediately.
o. aD0 .s 100 ol bv M Msx
cans under the form Of peonage which their
get tho services oil the adult while in tho prime OF
life without the obligation OF recurring him in infancy sup
porting him in old age. mantainnK his family, Affords
data Tor estimating the profits OF slave labor as Il exists
in the United States
No who has visited This country aud who is
with tho aud value of slave labor
the Uned States, would ever think Of bringing his
slaves here with any view to profit much less would he
purchase slaves Tor such purpose Their labor here If
they could be- reainsd as slaves among poems. nearly of
their own color wond never repay the cost Of traaspor.s
IL, n.
There involved in this territorial question principle
which am not disposed to treat lightly VIII show
practical consider this dispute. rather the sub
ect OF it, OF sort OF value or Importance either 10 the
free States the slave States This is new opn.
ion with me. The policy of the late administration was
sufficiently developed as long ago the fall Of ls47 to
indicate that they would not close the war short OF the
acquisition Of New Mexico and California then de.
ed at New Haven. that every rood Of the territory to be
acquired would be free, and that the Wmot Proyiso
was not Indispensable to security to the North II is
with inexpressble satisfaction that find the truth OF my
prediction realized in part California is free the resi-
due OF the country will be so, and willing TO stake
what little reputation have on the result II we have
could have prevented these acqusitions the wings of
that section tried Why did not the democrats co-ope
rate! Why did they not look into the situation OF these
many OF us did, that they would
be free and then govern their course accordingly! Why
they not sagacous the honorable senator from
Georgia, [Mr BERRIEN.l who insisted that. unless the
evlable consequence would be the exclusion OF the
South from the territories TO be acquired Inevitably
he exclaimed with the certainly OF fate, this exclusion
would follow !"
In view Of the considerations advered insist there
nothing in the subject which should disturb the bar
mony OF the counirythat should lay aside all these
dsputatons and attention to other
subjects OF more practical Importance We should feel
that people, living under one and the same
constitution with perfect identity OF interests, and that
we committed to and the same destiny OF good or
evil ri n not
successful consummaton the great experiment OF eef
government which we are making in the face OF the
world. What If we, by OF senseless dissen
and obstinate perversy, fail Whose cheek will not
1t was my purpose to consider the title Of Texas 70
80 much OF New Mexico as is situated on the east
side Of the Rio Gande and TO insist that her claim has
no adequate foundation whatever; but a. have made
up my mind to accord TO her not merely justice. but
debate this point when the result, though adverse to
Texas will not vary essentially my course But |
wish to make few remarks which, though they have
no bearing the question OF title, nevertheless are OF
interesting and important character. and should not
be lost sight OF in final disposition OF the subject.
l. A. division. of New Mexico BY the Rio Grande
any boundary there, il should include the whole
province To have the community the west side OF
the separated from the people the east side. with
whom they most intimately connected In all the rela
OF business and OF family, would be alike n)url
and absurd 1t would be to deliver over the inhab
itants certain prey to the savsges OF the adjoining
res" age 1857 expresses opinions coincidence with
these views.
O. Any recognition OF title in Texas TO the country on
the east side OF the Rio Grande would to me TO be
with the 9th article OF the recent treaty with
Mexico which provides that Mexicans who shall choose
to remain in the country and TO become citizens OF the
United States shal be maintained and protected in the
free enjoyment Of their liberty and property" But il we
recognise the tile OF Texas good when will be
deemed 10 have taken efectl What will the courts OF
Texas say on the subject Will they not hold that such
title has been good from the act OF 1885, extending her
its source Will not that se aside all grants Of the
public domain by the authorities OF Mexico! VIII ~
not vAcate transfers OF real estate between man and
man, made conformably to the laws OF Mexico aud
not those OF Texas. and hus will not private affairs be
thrown into disorder aud confusion
g. II the northern boundary OF Texas be liked as pro-
posed in this BILL then New Mexico, though the
ute be considered good should be free TO carry into
effect the annexation resolutions, according TO their
spirit and intent These resolutions provide that IN any
such State An should be formed of the territory
nexed lying north of the parallel OF SO deg 80 min,
slavery OF involuntary servitude Except for cnme)
should be prohibited II 10 true that these resolutions
limit us to 3s deg 30 min, and part OF New Mexico,
with the boundary thus arranged. would lie below that
line but there il nhabtabe territory enough above
il TO make State and the incldslon OF some below -
inevitable II, then, 10 have free State IN Tex
as ION the supposton that her claim is good we must
lind in New Mexico. partly above and partly below The
parallel OF 30 deg 80 min.
4 The question of title he settled by Congress-
in such manner Congress may point out This il the
ground taken by the late Secretary oil State, (Mr. Blu
chanan) In his letter to Governor Henderson, dated
February IL. lss7, he says this is subject which
more properly belongs to the legislative than TO The exec
sage OF the 24h July s4s lex Doc House OF Reps sh
vol Ma 10 n dl5l cOncurre in this view. Texas