Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1850-12-11


of the stpulaons which the parties concerned in
The project of the railroad deem necessary e, ,ha.
ton and security. Further consideration IL 10 h tt
or some modification of terms, may yet ciIe the %
existing between the two Governments in this
Fresh instructions have recently been given to the Min.
lister of the United States in Mexico, who prosecuting the
subject with promptituGe and ability.
Although the negotiations with PORTUGAL Tor the nav
ment oSclaims of citizens of the United States against that
Government, have not yet resulted in formal treaty vet
proposition made by the Government of Portugal for the
final adjustment and payment of those claims, has recently
been accepted the part of the United States 1t gives
me pleasure to say That Mr. Clay to whom the negotiation
the part OF the United States had been entrusted dis
charged the duties Of his appointment with ability and dis
cretOn, acting always within the instructions of his Gov
eminent
1t is expected that regular convention will be immedi
atey negotiated for carrying the agreements between the
two Governments INFO effect.
The commissioner, appointed under the act Of Congress
for carrying into effect the convention with Brazil of the
9th January, lS49 has entered upon the performance
of the duties imposed upon him by that act. 1t is hoped
that those duties maybe completed whinthe time which it
prescrbes. The documents, however, which the Imperial
Government, by The third article of the convention, spu
ates to furnish to the Government of the United States
have not yet been received. Asitis presumed that those
documents will be essential for the correct disposition Of
the cams it may become necessary ot Congress TO extend
the period limited for the duration fthe convention The
sum stipulated by the 4th article Of the convention to be
paid TO this Government has been received.
The collection in the ports of the United States of dis
eliminating duties upon the vessels of Chill and their
goes has been suspended pursuant 10 the provisions of the
9th Of May, 1928 1t is be hoped that this measure will
mpart fresh impulse TO the commerce between the Two
countries, which, Of ate and especially since our acquisi
ton of California has 10 the mutual advantage Of the parties,
been much augmented.
Peruvian guano has become so desirable an article 10 the
agricultural interest Of the United States that is the du
~ OF the Government to employ all the properly in
It's power for the purpose Of causing that article TO be i'm
ported into the country at reasonable price Nothing will
be omitted my part towards accomplishing this desirable
end am persuaded that in removing any restraints IN
this traffic, the Peruvian government will promote its own
interests while will afford proof friendly DISPOSE
ton towards this country which will be duly appreciated
The treaty between the United States and His Majesty
the King of the Hawaiian Islands, which has recently been
made public, WILL it is believed, have beneficial effect up
on the relations between the two countries.
The relations between thuse parts of the Island of ST.
Domingo, were formerly colonies of Spain and France,
respectively, still in unsettled condition The prox
unity of that island the United States and the delicate
questions involved in the existing controversy there rem
der it desirable that it should be permanently and speedily
adjusted The interests Of humanity and of general COM
nerce also demand this and, limitations of the same
sentiment have been received from other Governments
hoped that plan may be devised TO effect the
object in likely to give general satisfaction The
Government Of the United States will fall by the ex-
ercse of all proper friendly Offices, TO doS in its power TO
put end to the destructive which has ragged between
The different parts Of the island and secure them both
the benefits Of peace and commerce.
refer you to the report of the Secretary of the Treasu
ry Tor detailed statement Of the finances.
The total receipts into 10 Treasury, for the year ending
10Th OF June last were forty million four hundred
and wentyone thousand seven hundred and forty eight
dollars and ninety cents ( SH ,42l 748 90)
~. .l;.,,x
ty thee million two thousand hundred and sixty Eight
dollars and ninety cents, (Sl3, 002, los 90.
The public debt has been reduced since the last annual
report from the Treasury Department, four hundred and
nneylye thousand two hundred and seyenysx dollars
and seyeniy-nine cents, (46j,216,16)
BY the 18th section OF the of 18th January. lS47
the proceeds of sales of the public lands were pledged
for The interest and principal Of the public debt The great
aona OF those lands subsequently granted by Congress
for military bounlies will is believed very nearly sup
ply the public demand for several years come and but
little reliance can, therefore, be placed on that hitherto
fruitful source Of revenue.
Aside from the permanent annual expenditures, which
have necessarily largely increased portion of the public
debt amounting to eighmlllOn seventyve thousand nine
hundred and eighysx dollars and fifty nino $5 075
$500 must be provided for within The TWO fiscal
years Ii desirable that these accruing demands
should be met without resorlng to new loans
All experience has demonstrated the wisdom ard policy
OF raising large portion of revenue for the support Of Gov
eminent from duties imported. The power to lay those
duties is unquesOnabe, and its chief object of course
repensh the treasury. Butifn doing this, incidental
advantage may be gained by encouraging the industry of
citizens it so duty avail ourselves Of that advan
tage.
duty laid upon article which cannot be produced in
this counry-sdch or coee-adds To the cost of the
article, and is chiefly wholly paid by the But
duty laid upon article which may be produced here,
stimulates the skill and industry of our own country pro-
ariir ich ino Tho
competition with the foreign article, and the importer is
thus compelled to reduce his price 10 that at which the do
nestle article can be sold, thereby throwing part of the
duty upon the producer Of the foreign article. The coniin
uance of This process the skill, and invites the cap
ital, which finally enable produce the article much
cheaper than could have been procured from abroad there
by benefing both the producer and consumer at home
The consequence ofthis Isl that the arzan and the ag
culust, brought together each affords ready market
for the produce of the other, the whole country becomes
prosperous and the ability to produce every necessary Of
life renders Independent in well as in peace A
high tariff can never be permanent 1t will cause dssalis
faction and will be changed 1t excludes competition, and
thereby invites the investment of capital in manufactures
such excess, that when changed brings Distress bank
rupIcy, and rnn upon all who have been mlsed by lis
aihess protection. What the manufacturer wants, is
uniformity and permanently, that he may feel confidence
that he is not TO be ruined by sudden changes. Blu. TO
make tariff uniform and permanent, it is not only necessa
ny that the law should not be altered but that the duty
should be specific, wherever the Of the article is
such to admit Of it. Ad valoem duties fuciuate with
the price, and offer strong temptations 10 fraud and perjury
Specific duties on the contrary, equal and uniform in
all ports, and at all times, and offer strong nducement
10 the importer to bring the best article, he pays
duty upon hahan upon of inferior qnali therefore
strongly recommend modification OF the present tariff
which has Frustrated some OF our most important and nee
essary manufactures aud that specific duties be imposed
sufficient to raise the requisite revenue, making such dis
elimination in favor Of the industrial pursuits Of our
country to encourage home production, without excluding
foreign competition 1t is also important that uniortu
nate provision in the present tariff which imposes much
higher duty upon the raw material that enters into our
manufactures than upon the manufactured article should be
reHeded
The pape accompanying the report OF the Secretary ofhe
Treasury will dsce frauds attempted upon the revenue
in variety and great, as ojGsty the conclusion
that il is mnossbe under any system OF ad valoren du