The Arkansas banner., 1850-07-16
TIE INLAND VP CrBl.

The little continent Oe Caba--ils political mpog.
 tanee-ts eemVDeftIai and agricutiatai Fesousees-- the disposition ot its populksioA--ass nov iall a
 substaniiai interest. Oveer spot. one mofo fer tile, perhaps, does not sxfst. Add yet theFe is
 nowhere 9exait0ss atd errefe desp0ism. It is deeeed to an amax,ng amount, to sustain a weak tyrsnnieal. absolute home goVeFhmeat. l. is ham-
 nelIed on every eide. Thefe is beaheF free govern ment, freedom of speech nor eomtBeFcisl freedom enjoyed by is population It h nov, politically, nothing bat pasture gsuand of Spanish isechss. whess whole aim is to draw much moaey out oi
 it, and render little service. wiih as htiIe abos
 as possible.
 Caba Is about as large as Ensisnd. and nearly as large as all the New England StAies. It contains 4s, soc square miles, sad has pow populalioa not lar Irorn m,lIioR oaehai( Of whom are whiies
 It's trade is of immense value. In lS47 its imposts smonuted 10 922 62i sg7; ofwheh were nine miriion dollars worth sf provisions two piloRs aaa third of cotton goods, twe mllllphs and haM of Iinea | goods, ke. kc. The exports were S22, QUO, ,sse-ol which $40 SS7 .27S were products of the island Ot the impos,s SS.746, ,2s3 were from the Uatea Ssases and ihs exports to thn county were S, sos, ,3SS - The tonnage in elearaaees and entrances was IIa4- l9S: ot which. the portion belonging 10 the United States 476. 773. Thus oae ToWTfk of ats trads sad one-hay of tAs tsaasys q Csta are fio on Oas owa county. Such ls the value ol the trade under the wretched, monopoixing system ot old Spsin.- Let this remarkable country free itself from it's let ters and its productions would uhdou btedy increase ia astonishing EAlio and its consun ptlon of pse visions snd manufactures also increase in the same ratio. As an instance, take the article ot iour An authority before states that in isi6 onfy ( gso barrels entered Caba under both Spanish and foreign flags.
 But ih2 enormous duties oA this article lead to smuggling, and hence the number of barrels Is set "owR at h. .000 Abolish the duties and the writer calculates that the annual eonsuaBpiioa would be s00,0OO barrels Su of rice. Now some sixteen millions Of pounds are imported, which Day an ex. cessive daty of S3 per cent. The eor.nm ption of 'hls aficle inigst Ue uipled. Graia and provisions are but tie cultivated iB Cuba. Its gIeai products are sugar, eofre. tobacco and fruit; and although the product of them is iinmense, yet but small portion es the island is under cultivation It abonnds wIsh large torresis and uneaitivate. lands. Stlll under government han IS absolute without arceIy any means of good internal commune ation--ior there are but o'Ie or two railroads the island with common roads that are praverbially bad with population paItaking of the languor that charAe. terIzes the people o tropical regions IL has kept up Tor yeats honrishlng commerce, and steadily in. creased its exports.
 Cuba has no, much of history. It was discovered by Columbus In lI92, and Conquered by velasqaex, without the loss oi SpaniaId, in l5II. The Span. iards made al hst clean work with Cuba: massacre slave labor, the small pox and bad government did their work ct desolaiion thToughly. 'The whole l island vas soon Teduc-d to desert. says Ravnal In the communieaiIon, however. that sprung up be- tween Mexico and spain. the harbor of Havana became invaluable. and this was that revived the importance ot Cuba. For two centuries, however. Cuba makes littie hsnss a history. Ths Esz,;.h. under Admiral Vernon, attempted to eonouer if in TAI. but the expedition terminated in disasteg In ' l762 the British made more formidable attempt. fleet ot iS ships os the line, Is sma vessels and l5O transports, conveying l2 600 troops, appeared before Havana on the s.h of June. They were re- Intotced by 1000 more itom North Aneriea. The SPanaIds surrendered on the 18th of Auxust and the British obtained great booty In 7g3 nha |. as exchanged by England for Florida, end It then be- came spanish island, governed by captain gen. eTal and swarm oi greedy dependents. The island, for many years TemAined in sort of stagnation-its commerce being under q complete monopoIy--i,s | e0e'gies every way completely hsmpersd 5y Spain Al length eane the South American revolution which so fighteously swept from Spain her vast possessons in the new word-ieavinx the gem of lrn all still in her hands. But Cuba felt the liberal effects ot this revolution. Her ports were opened 10 foreign tIade-heI people were allowed repre-. sentaton m the eorlez. For some time Spain acted in 90 liberal way towards her that she may be said to have protected the Queen of the Antilles. ''
 Bat tyfAnny envies people its prosperity. The more Cuba produced, the more it's eeehes demanded Spsin took step backwards in its treatment ol her. while all The world We're going forward. Her rep- resenlaiion n the coItez abolished. The 6rain upon in The shape of taxes increased. This drain upon 1t IS indeed enormous. The revenue IS about twelve millions ot do lars. The white population oniy numbers some hah miiicn. Here thea IS a tax levied upon Il oi over twehty dollars ahead.- Now ihe tax on the people ot the United States is about two dollars One hail of this d. ain from Cuba goes To Madrid 10 feed the national treasury and the other 10 iced the captain general and his greedy undeflings and The troops that are used 10 keep The planters under snbecuon al the point ot the bayone Almost nothing Is laid out on the island. There may De oHs or two railroads buiH by private corpo- fsuors. bat there IS not 8 good puiic road on the island. and hardly public school. The late Alex ander II Everett spent some time in Cuba, and he says, tleli). "Tns colony now struggles. like young gaot n letters, with weight ot oppression unpa aeie', m some particulars, in the history of he world" "No such extent oi taxation was ever hesId oi before in any age or country"
 There have been some slave instructions in Cuba which were suppressed, and the negroes were by the authorities with ai,aost uphead of crueltiss One broke out, for instance, m lS42 ia the snxaI plantation of Alcancia one of the largest in the dis tIc ot Carde1as; another in 1874 n the plantation ot TTiu,BviretO. O0 these occasions the blacks usually massacre the whites on plantation fire the cane, and fly tO the mountains A lew days after the last most tormidabIs conspiracy was detected by which rising Ot sixty thousaad slaves was 10 have taken place. This was planned with 60 much skill ane came 90 near success, that the planters suspected that # was under intex ence superior to that ot inc blacks. was at length fastened oa Mr. Turnbuii, a late British consul al Havana. On Oe- easions oi rebellion General ODonneii. thea captain general, was tern5iy severe the poo negroes, and the papers oi the day contain narrowing descriptions oi tue toIsaent he iafieted on them.
 Such few iAets about this Femssksbie island The designation given te il in the cid spanish chIo on. icles will describe it's importance. IL IS described as Tue baiwaEk ot the Western IndIea,'-the H Key to the Mexican Gatf"-tbe ''G Gusrdian of the Bi. hama ehaanels." IL is certainty, now the most iIn- portAnt colony ever possessed by Easopean aai,on and its importance 10 the United States is daily in ereasing. IL may well be called the farest iswet of the crown ol Spaia. l, supplies her treasury with revenue, her ships with seamea. and her maaufas- tares wiih market. IL adds immensely to her nslIosal importance. h tetan, ti, blind, obstinate
 sabsce oid monarchy treats t with the snost cruel tyranny. l, sends out some proud. sell-coaesited
 military chisiiain; soas bully bead only 6t. as . aAtiys Eemasks, Ito paader the island under pre- tenee oi goseraing it." Such a slate of things cannot. ln the nature 0. things. last. The American people. with one heart and voice, wouid unqaes- .l.. ml.. h.. (L.k-