The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1850-12-14
Our washington Correspondsnes.


Our Washington Corrcspondenee.
WASHING TON, Dec. IL, 1850.
The Letter of Mfr. Rosa to Mr.. Webster The
Dreadful Condition OF the Frontier Settlements,
a~d the Starving Indians.
Mr.. Webster has been addressed by Mr. Rosa,
in reference to the treaty with Mexico and the de-
fence of her frontiers ag ainst our wandering and
thieving Indians. The letter is before the Military
Committee of the Senate.
The llth article Of the treaty of Guadalupe Hi
dalgo, is as follows:-
A.rIoLx I.-Considsring that . great part Of the
territories which, by treaty are to be com
prehended for the future within the limits OF the
United States Is nov occupied BY savage tribes who
will hereafter be under the exclusive control of the
government of the United States and whose ncursons
within the territory OF Mexico would be prejudioal In
the extreme s soltmply agreed that all such In
cursiops shall be forob restrained by the government
of the United States whatsoever this may be nscss-
sary and that wh,n they cannot be prevented, they
faction for the shall be exacted ell In the
way and with equal diligence and energy As II the
same noursons were me oitated or committed within
its own territory, sgaibst its own citizens
IL shall not be In sful under any pretext whatever
fer any inbsbitant OF the United States to purchase
acquire any Mexican, or any foreigner residing In
Mexico, who may have been captured by Indians in
habitins the territory OF either Of the two republics
nor to purchase acquire horses, mules cattle or
property OF kind stolen within Mexican territory,
BY such Indians. nor 70 provide such Indians with
firearms, or ammunition, BY sale, or otherwise.
This Is the pledge given to Mexico sin the name
of Almighty God" AS the treaty was submitted
TO the Senate, the llth article embraced two other
paragraphs, one binding the United States TO reco-
YER and restore Mexican capiives taken off by the
Indians, and the other re. affirm ing, in the mos
solemn manner, the intentions OF the United States,
with constant vigilance and gool faith to carry out
he aforesaid stpulstions. (Sec. 2.) These two
paragraphs however, were stritk ken out by the
Senate, the duties of this government being re-
garded as sufficiently laid down in the first two
paragraphs, which constitute the article as adopted
and ratified between the two countries Sin the
name of Almighty God"
All this goes 10 show that the llth article of the
treaty. with respect to the frontier Indians, is to
Mexico of equal importance wllh he fugitive slave
law TO the South. There is striking analogy be-
tween the Mexican treaty and The slavery adjust
ment. In the treaty Mexico made all the terrific
rial sacrifices, getting in return Some indemnity
money, and the protection Of the United States
against the Indians. In the slavery adjustment,
the South make all the sacrifices OF territory, Texas
getting some indemnify for her share of the sur
rendered soil, and the whole South the sworn pro-
lection OF the government with respect to fugitive
slaves. But the analogy goes even further. The
treaty with Mexico, and The treaty with the South,
have been both dsrespeced. In the one case, the
government OF the United States has not fulfilled
It's pledge Of protection 10 Mexico; the other, our
own citizens have acted the part Of traitors to their
own government. In both cases, there has been
the most liberal and lavish compensation from the
weaker party for these pledges. The treaty is the
equivalent TO Mexico for the surrender of 100000
square miles of her soi-the fugitive slave law is
the equivalent TO The South tor the surrender of the
richest Of this territory 10 the Wilmot proviso.
To show The importance of this llth article Of
the treaty of Guadalupe Hdalgo to Mexico, let us
give birds eye view Of the boundary and the
condition of the Inhabitants along the same.
From ibe mouth of the Rio Grande to Ell Paso
del Norte, by the course Of the river, thousand
miles from FL Paso, across the mountains to the
Gilaj thence down that river to the Colorado;
thence across the country 10 the Pacific, is not far
short Of 200 miles; making line OF 2, 200 miles
along the Mexican fronters-a line which ia its
whole extent, from the mouth of the Rio Grande
to the Pacific, is almost destitute of white inhabi-
tants on our side; but swsrning with Indians from
one extremity TO the other. The following, from
an official source, is a list Of the Indians ''raaQng
the country within the territory of New Mexico
and its borders" most Of whom make their regu.
lar descents upon the Mexican States adj Dining
the boundary line