Weekly national intelligencer., 1850-12-07

employ into the hands of and dishonest
sn Wo alike regardless of law and the obligations Of
osth BY these means the plain intentions Of Congress
in the law, daily defeated Every motive Of
policy epd duty therefore, mpe ask the earnest
ton ~ Congess to this subject fCongress should deem it
unto attempt any important changes in the system Of
eyn duties at this session. will become Indispensable to
the oection OF the revenue that such remedies in the
judgmspt Of Congress may mitigate the evils complained Of
should bsAt applied st
~ bers stated specific duties would in my opinion, af-
ford most perfect remedy for this evi but if you should not
co6cuf y this view, them partial remedy beg leave
rescy TO recommend that instead Of taking the invoice
Of ne ece abroad as Of determining its value here
the eecnsss OF which invoice it is in many mpossi
BIZ ~ veriy the law be changed to require home
vsIuain or appraisal be regulated in such
give - f as practicable, uniformity n the several ports
1h2g beng mint in California, am informed that the
lsbore n the mines compelled dispose Of their gold
dust ~ hrge discount This appears be heavy
sp1jQttaT upon the labor Of those employed in
ing hisprecious metal and, doubt not you will be dis
poea earliest period possible relieve them from by
The s6msnt Of mint. In the time, a. an as
sayers Office established there would Respectfully subm
for your consideration the propety authorizing gold bull
on which has been assayed and stamped to be received in
payment Of Government dues conceive that the
/
will raise bullion to its par vaiue and thereby save
if am rightly informed many millions Of dollars the la
boers which paid brokerage this precious
metal into available funds This discount upon their hard
earnings heavy tax and every effort should be made by
the Government 10 relieve them from great burden
More than three fourths OF population engaged in
the cultivation Of the soil The commercial manufacturing
and navigating interests ALL TO great extent dependant
the agricultural It is, therefore, the important in
naton and has us claim the fostering care and
protection Of the Government far they extended
consistently with the provisions of the Constitution this
be done by the ordinary modes Of egislaton re
spectfny recommend the establishment of Agricultural
Bureau be charged with the duty Of giving to this leading
branch Of American industry the encouragement which SO
well deserves In view Of the immense mineral resources of
country, provision should also be made for the employ
ment Of competent mneralogis, and chemist who should
be required under the direction Of the head Of the bureau
collect specimens Of the various minerals Of country, and
ascsan by careful analysis their respective elements and
properties, and their adaptation to useful purposes. He
should also be required examine and report upon the quail
ties Of different Soils and the best calculated i'm
prove their poduciveness By publishing the results Of such
experiments with suitable explanations, and by the collection
and distribution Of seeds and plants. with instructions
the best system Of cultivation much may be done pro-
| mote this great national interest. -.-
In compliance with the act of Congress- passed the 23d
of May 1850, providing among other things for taking the
seventh census superintendent appointed and all other
adopted which deemed necessary the
prompt and faithful performance Of that duty. The appro
pation already made WILL it is believed, be sufficient de-
fray the whole expense Of the work but further legislation
may be necessary in regard to the compensation of Of
the marshsls Of the Territories will also be proper make
provision by law, early day, for the publication of such
abstracts Of the the public interests may require
The unprecedented growth Of Territories on the Pacific
in wealth and population, and the consequent increase of their
social and commercial relations with the Atlantic States
to render it the duty Of the Government to all it's cons
tuonal powers to improve the Of intercourse with
them. The Importance Of opening ga line Of communca.
ior the best and expeditions Of which the of the
country will admit between the valley of the Mississippi and
the Pacific brought your notice by predecessor in
his annual message and the which he presented
in favor Of the still exist in full force, beg leave
call your attention them, and to repeat the recommends
lions then made by him.
The uncertainty which exists In regard the validity Of
land titles in California is subject which demands your early
consideration Large bodies Of land in that State claim
ed under grants said have been made by authority of the
Spanish and Mexican Governments. Many Of these have
been perfected others have been revoked and
believed to be fraudulent But until they shall have been
judciay investigated they will continue to retard the set
Element and improvement of the country therefore,
speculy recommend that provision be made by law for the
appointment Of commissioners TO examine all such claims
with view 10 their final adjustment
also beg leave call your attention to the propriey Of
extending at an early day, system Of land laws with
such notifications may be necessary the State Of Ca
liforna and the Territories Of Utah and New Mexico The
mineral lands of California will Of form exception
to any general system which may be adopted Various me
thods Of dspong Of them have been suggested was at
first inclined to favor the system Of leasing, as seemed to
promise the largest the Government and to afford
the best security sganst monopoies; but further reflection
and our experience leasing the lead mines and selling lands
upon credit have brought my mind to the conclusion that
there would he great difficulty in collecting the ren and
that the relation Of debtor and CREDITOR between the citizens
and the Government would be attended with many mschiev
GUS consequences l. therefore, recommend that instead Of
retaining the mineral lands under the permanent control Of
the Government they be divided into small parcels and so
under such restrictions to quantity and time will
the best price, and guard most eectuay against combina
tions Of capitalists to obtain monopoies
The annexation Of Texas and the acquisition Of California
and New Mexico have given increased importance to our
Indian relations The various tribes brought under our uris-
dcion by these enagements of boundaries estmad
to embrace population of hundred and weny-foyr
thousand. NJ
Texas and New Mexico surrounded by powerful tribes
OF Indians who Of constant terror and annoyance
the inhabitants Separating into small predatory bands and
always mounted they the country, devastating FARMS
destroying crops driving off whole herds Of cae and