The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-07-21

UNION.
the sxcemsnt which dosxnng in that section have
thousand citizens have fTom time petoned Congress
As long northern senators aud northern members do
not move in the matter, where is the harm
am sensible that the annexa alton OF Texas Is exten-
sveiy regarded at The North prolific source OF evil
concur in that view but do not agree with those who
charge the responsibility exclusively the South is
true that southern staesmenthe then President, MIR
TyIeT) two Secretaries OF State, (Messs Calhoun and
Upshur and the late Secretary OF the Treasury, (Mr
Walkerl-took the lead IN, or rather originated, the
venent, doubtless TO enhance the political power OF
the South but many OF the wsest and best men OF that
section Resisted IL To the utmost The patriotic States OF
Delaware, Maryland, North Carolina. Kentucky, and
Tennessee against BY casting In the fall OF ss4
their electoral votes lin all 46) IN favor OF MIR Clay
for the presidency and against annexation The tiuth 49,
desires TO find the guilt OF the transaction he must search
the skirts OF the entire democracy The Tree States gave
"a electoral for Mr. Polk and annexation, and In
CURED their full share of the blame.
While the principles involved in some OF these ques
tons important. canH0 help being struck with
their utter nsgnitcance III practical point OF yiew and
with the TRIVIAL character OF the causes which have occa
stoned much disturbance in Congress- and 80 much
bitterness and aenption among the people. The idea OF
any considerable aggression by the tree States on the just
pretensons and rights OF the slave States absurd and
chlmerlcal To the last degree.
But il am wrong in the views which have presented,
70 show that It is not important to the South to MAINTAIN
ready lost ietrievaby in the House OF Representatives
and the electoral colleges, the question arises whether
is not morally certain that our recently Terri
tories will be iee whatever Congress may on the sub
jecl.
l. 1t is significant fact that far the only region
is concerned into which slavery could be introduced
with advantage, the question has already been settled
against it, refer to much OF our new possessions
included within the limits OF the proposed State OF
California No matter whether California be or be not
admitted now, whether she be or be not emanded to
territorial condition, there has been such development
of public sentiment there 10 render the exclusion OF
the institution inevitable.
The result in California is exactly what it would be in
ninety times out OF hundred, in OF The acqui-
son of gold-producing regions by the United States.
is always prompt and energetic than slave labor
the former will ever get into such countries hrs and then
will exclude the latter
The only effect OF dividing California by the parallel OF
SO deg 80 min would be TO make two free States on the
Pacific place Of one The idea of making free Stale
State below that parallel, with the free State OF Cali
ornia the NORTH with the right OF recapurlDg fug
ves from labor" and with the free Mexican States OF
lower California and Sonora on the south, without any
such right. will be found illusory The policy OF the
States this side of the Rocky Mountains should be TO
make few StAies possible out oil new posses
sons and shall not depart from that policy though feel
perfectly assured that they will all De free States.
will next proceed to consider whether there Is any
danger Of the introduction OF slavery into New Mexico
and Desere,, Utah. it is called in this bill Is it
probable that either the the other will become the
theatre OF slave labor will begin with New Mexico.
And here observe that the obstacles to the introduction
OF the institution into that country afsl ega D. social
and, 3, physical.
WILL in the first place. advert to the legal difficulties
and under this head remark
/. That slavery had been abrogated in New Mexico
before the the United States by the late treaty
On this poinl refer exposition addressed to the
Senate by the honorable senator from Missouri Mr..
BENTok early IN the present session. which, IN my ludg
nenl, full and conclusive The Inhibition, no doubt,
continues this day, OF those municipal regula
tons which remain in force Notwithstanding the con-
quest
rs ard ~ ahr atipV
slavery do not continue yet may be assumed that there
faw authorizing 1T and this is just as serious al
obstacle 10 its introduction as positive law orbdding IL
Being against right, law Tor II Is ehcxcioue
much law against it, Such are the principles
Of Jurisprudence throughout the civilized world.
5. AT any rate, the right TO carry slaves into New
Mexico, and to hold them there is in doubt and this
will be serious barrier against its introduction. know
OF nothing sensitive OF danger slave property or 30
humorous, fear of legal doubt and difficulty Who will
think OF taking this species OF property from under the
guarantees which the well considered and thoroughly
maured code OF savehoding State has thrown around
the interior of this continent, when the will
have no assurance hxt-he hold il for single hour
he certainty OF litigation. and the uncertainty OF the
event. will be suthce TO deter him.
IN the next place, will speak OF the social difficulties
ln the way OF the Introduction OF slavery into New Mex
ico. And here | observe
l. l.is understood that public sentiment, without dis
unction OF race color, Is utterly opposed to H. The
American, whether from the free States slave States,
the Spaniad OF the fullbood and The mixed Spaniard
and Indian all alike opposed TO negro bondage
leo. This prejudice Is the principal buwark and sale
guard OF slavery The negro laborer would hnd hmse
footing OF equality with the white, Indian, or mixed
lxborer-jus respectable every regard; and how
could he be held IN bondage under such circnmsiances
8 Slave labor could not. II 10 believed, be advanta
geousy used petition with the cheap Peon labor OF
New Mexico Peon labor cheap IN wages. and cheaper
IN subsistence The wages are only iour dollars per
month"; and subsistence but twenty tour pounds OF maze
Indian corn, per week. This not even ground OF
converted into meal and the peon tastes scarcely one
rse OF meat from the beginning to the end oil the year
IT, therefore, any STAKEHOLDER had TO go 10 New
exico, embark 10 agricultural other business he
would find greatly his advantage TO sell his slaves
aud to employ the native labor OF that country
a. The slave would be to receive the countenance
and sympathy OF the people OF New Mexico, and OF the
who nfest the surrounding mountains and the
facilities OF escape into those and the ad
Joining territories OF Mexico would be great and the
encouragement ee and the protection alter fleeing
certain, render such properly valueless Some time
three highly respectable gentlemen IRON Santa ke
Messrs William Curtis Skinner, James L. Collins, and
Henry Connolly this city, and had full and
hghly satisfactory conversation with them. touching the
state oil things that county, in reference to the Ques
ton which am considering Al my instance they
addressed letter the subject, dated May 49, from
which submit the following extract
The greatest dang.r OPINION security
New Mrco lies proxiiy the settlements Of the
curing fugitive every ssan.s Upon
and powerful
Villages FIR removed from
with facilities Of winch would
SION Indian
him protection their hands which he could dese