The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-10-11

Of the House of Representatives and enjoyed all of IL
prvileges-the privilege, the exemption
menl Notwithstanding, he was despatched by the Execu
tive TO California, under the pay oi the government WHY
was he selected for that mission IN preference TO tens
thousands OF others as well qualified who could have
been sent upon il without the violation OF the laws q
which have referred He selected because he
member OF Congress. and especially because he was
makes this perfectly evident The object OF the admins
tration 10 avoid the issue Of the Wilmot Proyso
The ready mode 70 do this il was thought was 70 induce
the people OF California to adopt State constitution
and apply for admission into the Union But il
without its difficulties. There was no law 10 authorize
il; and 10 convene convention under military authority
by which the mode OF electng its members and the quail
cation OF voters was pescribed extremely irregu
lar, and at with the spirit Of free institutions.
and Il was To- have been anticipated would be resisted
been exercised And them IL they formed constitution
without clause prohibiting slavery il known that
the North would either resist her admission and insist
o. do as they hsa done ID Tie case OF Mr. Prsstons bill
ingrat the State constitution, and thus compel the
Executive in either event, 10 meet the issue And, on
slavery, they would meet with difficulties at the South
who would thereby be etiectuay excluded from the
Territories as BY the Wilmot Proyiso. 10 this dilemma
member Of Congress from southern State, II ne was
willing to do so. could Cooperate most sfsctually with
the Executive As member oil Congress OF long stand
ing and who could speak with some show OF authority
be could do much to remove apPrehensons on the first
them the last and thus the adoption OF
constitution acceptable to the northern majority, by
whom California would at once be admitted as State.
By this scheme the issue Of the Wilmot Provso would
be evaded and although the South would be as eectu-
ally excluded from the territory If the provso had
been applied was hoped her people could be queted BY
being told that what had been done the result of her
doctrine Of non-iniervenon, and the right of the
people upon whom they were TO operate to frame for
their own institutions. But that doctrine
precudes the intervention OF any authority of the Exec
utive even more emphacay than OF Congress and that
right Is mockery II be exercised under constrant oil
any kind. t es Etnais - .aM.
But other causes besides the anxiety of the people OF
California for a government which had been refused
them by those protesting be their especial friends
because il not coupled with the unconstitutional pro-
yso powerfully contributed to ,he result which we now
the state Of society there The STAKEHOLDER being KEEP,
out of California by the threat Of the Wlmo Proviso,
which has been constantly held over him. most OF her
population men without capital, who have been
tceds there by the prospect OF sudden gain. Few have
gone there with The view OF permanent residence on
the contrary, most OF them with the hope o speedily get
ting ches and returning TO the Atlantic shore TO enjoy
them. But ue land is appropriated in the gold region
and the business OF mining has not assumed the charac
ter OF regular pursuit. to be carried on sysemahcay
and by the organization OF capital and labor On the
contrary, use homey but expressive phrase every
man is working on his own hook" In this condition
OF things the fewer competitors they have the better for
them. Such people, under such ances, would
OF course exclude slaves. however desirable they might
be TO them under other circumstances Ii is for the
reason that the people Of California attempting
expe ioeigasIs that they excluded slaves Insy are
foreigners and negroes are the only classes they can ex
pei with show Of authority and they expe them
thai they may have, e near as possible monopoly Of
country where labor is scarce and dear, emigration
would be encouraged. q. #afts Igsltb st
know it's constantly said that California is not suit
ed to slave labor and that under circumstances would
II have gone there Such is not my opinion and never
has BEEN In its climate and pursuits 1t is admirably
suitedto African slavery. Il is warmer than that OF
labor can be SO well employed in mining, especially
of the precious metals One Of the difficulties OF employ
ing tave labor in agriculture is the neciency OF ii the
absence OF supervision, and the difficulty OF proper
pervson where the slaves dispersed But in mining
operations they are TO large extent, imboded and the
superntendence which is requisite with any kind OF
labor is quite sufficient for them Where white man is
employed in mining the precious metals if he come across
a valuable deposte, he can make way with il without
difficulty But In all slave States, every one s prohbi
belong to his employer have doubt therefore, that
but for the law prohibiting IT, slaves would be carried TO
California soon mining there should become asys-
iemaic pursuit. The only dithcutyis one which is moi
properly appreciaedhe inadequacy at this time OF the
supply OF them They are all now profably employed
the demand for them exceeds the supply and consequent
y large number OF them could not be removed from any
OF our southern States without creating deficiency OF la
bor and augmentng It's price THIS difficulty rapidly
disappearing under the natural increase OF that species oil
population. which, in short lime, will require new
black man and the white A
Mr Chairman, the constitution of the United States
violated by the admnIsauonin in other respects ia its
In the CaIlf,rnia con III Mr.. Shannon said A @
"When this proposition before them, southem
bersthoso from the savehoding States-wl that
strikes from beneath their fee. tact OF
tsy which they desire Introduce slavery hereafter
Add that the further argument OF the enormously eren
sive territory that includes and then add 10 that the fur
Argument that large portion OF rt territory has
In this bodyiha the feelings and wishes
Of the population known--snd think you leave
open ground enough for them bnid argument upon
tat win defeat your constituion that you at least biing
oil those difficulties which gentlemen hope avoid directly
bear sgaIns. tia result which every gentleman here,
doubt, honestly seeks TO avoid These argu
rnents which you cannot get over" tIEH EEt NlE a#
These views are strongly cofroboraed by what Mr. Nc
Carver aud Mr. McDougal said inhe California conven.
tiouf Ii If ~ .k thattH
+ "Mr. Nee aryer then moved the following section,
.s.39 Tue egsaiure shall at IT'S first session. pass such
laws rs wi eecusiy prohibit free persons OF color from
mmssng aud settling IA this S,,te and TO eiiectualy
prevent the Of slaves from bringing them into hi
State for The purpose OF settling them free
= aMr. McCsrver This 10 the article which offered &c
the House some nie ago withdrew st the suggestion
OF several gentlemen who hought world he more appro
PIRATE In smother part OF the consultation Ia ,l,
" have doubt SIR, that every member ot hls tonse
s aware oi the dangerous position In which lbs country
placed owing To the inducemen, existing hereior slave
holders bring their slaves California and set Them Ice
am INV self acquainted with number oI individuals who
/ am informed are preparing to bring thef slaves
here uon indentufes ard set Mem ircc hoiu 70 De
correct Doctrine sir that every State has right 70 pro
tect iiseli against an evil 10 enormous AZ hs W
Again. the same gentleman, page 35i
Le Us look al the inducement and see whether hsse
fears are without foundation let nsseo what ne
value OF an abeboded negro man ~ the southern
They hire there at from sixty 70 one handreu
and set biln free on condition that he shall serve YOU
for one yesr He produces, according 70 the o,dnat,