Washington telegraph., 1850-07-03

and gives the reasons on which his opin-
ion was grounded.
A SOUTHERN STATE The following
sketch of the State of Georgia is from a
speech of MIR. Stephens, of that State.
1t will be read With interest. 1t shows
what Southern State is, and what the
South may be:
Georgia has he; beds of coal and iron.
her lime, gypsum and mari, her quarries
of granite and marble. She has mex
haustible treasures Of minerals, including
gold, the most precious of metals. She
has soil and climate suitable for the
growth and culture of almost every pro-
duct known to husbaldry and agriculture.
A better country for wheat and corn and
all the cereal plants, to say nothing of
cotton and tobacco, is not to be found in
any equal space on this continent There,
too, grow the orange, the olive, the vine
and the tg, with forests Of oak and pine
sufficient to build and mast the navies of
the world She has mountains for graz.
ing, rivers for commerce, ETC., waterfalls
for machinery Of all kinds without num-
Der. Nor have these great natural ad-
vantages and resources been neglected.
Young as she is, she is now the first cotton
growing State in the Union. Her last
years crop will not fall far short of six
hundred thousand bales, if it does not ex-
ceed it. She has, l believe, thirty-six
cotton factories in operation, and great
many more fastening 10 completion-one
Of them has, or soon will have, ten thou
sand spindles. with two hundred looms
capable Of turning out eight thousand
yards of cloth per day. Her yarns are
already finding their way to the markets
of the North and foreign countries; and
the day is not distant when she will take
the lead in the manufacture, as well as
the production of this great staple. She
has also her flour mills and paper mills
her forges, foundries and furnaces, not
with their fires eXtinguished, as the gen.
tleman from Pennsylvania said of some
in his State; but III full blast. Her ex.
ports last year were not less than thirty
millions OF dollars, equal to, if not greater,
than those of all New England together.
She has six hundred and forty miles Of
railroad In opera ton, at a cost of fifteen
millions OF dollars, and two hundred more
in the progress of construction. By her
energy and enterprise, she has scaled the
mountain barriers and opened the way for
the steam car, from the southern Atlantic
ports to the waters of the great valley of
the west. But this is not ALL She has
four chartered universities-nay five, for
she has one devoted exclusively to the
education of her daughters. She was the
first State, | believe, to establish a female
college, which is now in a f1ourishing
condition, and one of the brightest orna-
ments Of her character. She has four
hundred young men pursuing collegiate
course; a greater number, believe, than
any State in the Union, in proportion to
her white population. You will find out
not only these things to be so, but tell
you also what you will not fud. You
will not find anybody in the State begging
bread or asking aims. You will find but
few paupers You will not find forty
thousand beings, pinched with cold and
| saw it stated to be the case, not long
since, In the city of New York.
MIR. Sweetser interrupted. and asked if
the factories in Georgia had not been
erected by the northern capital?
Mr. Stephens said: No, sir, they were
built by Georgia capital. The six hun
dred and fifty miles of railroad now in
operation, to which have alluded, were
built by Georgia capital One hundred
and thirty-six miles, from Atlanta to
Chattanooga, on the Tennessee river,
which is one of the greatest monuments
of the enterprise of the age, was built by
the State. But her public debt is only a
| little over eighteen hundred thousand
| dollars, while that of the State of New
York is over twenty millions. besides the
fourteen millions owed by the city alone;
and the debt of Pennsylvania is forty
millions of dollars. The bonds Of the
State of Georgia are held mostly by her
own people. You do not see them hawk
ed about in northern or foreign markets,
at depreciation. But they, as wei as
the stocks and securities of the private
companies, are held mostly by her own
citizens, and are commanding premiums
at home.
Al the gate uhare suspicion enters love yoes out