The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-08-18

make these people rredcemaby LOST all ocaI equality
national ad antage.
population there corroboraled by The statements have
extracted from the leading Journal in California The
Alta California la the paper OF the 3lst December il
an atlcle which compares them unfavorably with the
free blacks. | will read il:
Can IL be urged, for single moment, that the free
blacks coming as they d. aud they vii eoe in limited
numbers, are worse than the herd OF Sonorans Chlsno
and The miserable degraded lazy and nbeeie Indaus The
degenerate child On OF the red nen? We loded with
How, well met With them but when free nego con 81
aiong inhnriy superior, hue and cry j. msed II
We We're hunting down wolf And what shali say OF
our beautiful convict emisIaon from South Wales Oh
nohing! Ina. = MI perSedy 1gh! sydney can pour a.
country, ard We sIiltpgly bid them welcome our shores
y = Wen a'eeslantd iaci that very many desperate
Sonh Wales and although portion Of the emig
nay be very woahy class YET Us general character is
The same paper of the lst Of March Of the present
year says
The emigration Of foreigners 10 the shores Of California
has contieu-d throughout the winter, and the oaenng
spnR hns the intuS at THE ounone the less They
iIom south America and from The English colonies u the
soash Pacific. i5nThiua, aad from the Hawaiian Islands,
tthopghih lever umbets) aud ate the same heefoge
OF gold diggers, posed persons every
rank aud station life, OF oil characters I'D com pie
have been thus particular to show what is stated Of
the character o the foreign poulan IN California that
may find toll warrant for The opinion that these people
ought not to be even counted in the number OF those
VINO We're entitled 10 be regarded as composing the com
".
whole number OF inhabitants in California who const
tuled The legitimate material for political organization
namely, native Calliornians and Americans amounted
on The lst OF August TO only 1924 persons Now,
right that thus handful oil PERSONS 13 900 OF whom
were but recently transferred from Mexican allegiance
and were unacquained with our language should be al
lowed TO take their hands the high trust ol moulding
The institutions and giving direction 10 the desnies OF
the Paciic country, intimately interviewer as they
aust he with the history and fortunes Of this whole
republic No man can estimate the Importance Of that
mar pt N
As agricultural country include Oregon,) am salts
ed from the letters have, and other sources OF nlor-
uailon, il has been greatly undervaued II is great
country in every point OF view which has regard 10 its
capacities and never there higher duty devo'vng
upon this government than IN Of experimenting and d.
rectiag its early which in its progress
may deeply Influence, for veal or wo, The condition not
only of this Union, bu' through this Union OF the
globe.
The precpitancy with which this State organization
entered upon involved alsoa sectional wrong Not
only the South deferred from migration by the Will
mot Proviso agitation, but time not permitted 10 the
western and southern coonists 10 reach The country be
fore the government formed The gold reached
the States in the as Of ls4s By the effect OF OF the
early compromises, the North enjoying monopoly
OF the navigation interest She was able 10 throw her
emgrans forward at once IN her ships. The western
and southern emigrants obliged to await the return
of spring for Their overland march, and could only reach
there in the autumn The northern colonsts, strength
ened by northern eingant regiment which, under The
policy OF northern Secretary bad been transported there
public cost, invited organization adv
IN California that twenty thousand Americans and more
from the western and southern States, the way
member oil the convention adyer,ed TO the fact And
yet the State pressed forward under cir
cumsances absolutely excluding them from representa-
ton in the convention. There occasion for this
remarkable haste There was in fact, no occasion for
the stimulation of State organization at a--no excuse
whatever for the assumption by General Riley the Ex
ecutve Of the authority TO inee the people there 10 such
movement. Whether correctly not, the Executive
bad declared the existence Of the Mexican laws there
md ,be tho cls.i hN
governor On The 3i oi April Mr.. Clayton, Sece-
tary OF State, his instructions to Mr. King, the
legal continuance OF the Mexlcan laws Very soon alter
Mr. Crawford came into Office Secreary OF War, he
directed General Smith to aid and respect the government
existing there and the 26h June he wrote 10 General
Riley "that all laws existing and Of force in California al
the period of the conquest sl in operation with
the limitation that they epugnani 10 the const
luton OF the United States What was the form OF the
government existing there stated IN the proclamation
OF General Riley of 80 June; and will read 1t, for the
purpose OF showing that II bad form and uness ample
for all the necessities Of the country He says in that
proclamation:
brief summary OF the organization OF tho prcscn gov
not be uuntee,tng. IL consists hrst, OF
governor appointed by ihe supreme government Ia do.
fault Of SUCH appointment the office s temporarily vest,d
tie commanding military officer of the department. The
powers and duties Of be governor ol limited charsc
but fully defined ard pointed out by the rws Second
secretary, whore duties and powers also properly de
hned THIRD, territorial Or departmental legislature, wlh
mlted powrr % pass avs q local character tounh,
superior court Vfibnha snpeHo) ~ me leflioy CONSIST
ing o four JUDGES and nscaL Ftth, project aud sub
projects for each dlsulct who charged with the pfese
vaion o pubc order ahd ne ecution o. ie iiws helI
dutes pond, in great measure with those OF district
nsrshas and shets SIKH, Judge Of FIRST instance iJr
each district Tbs Office n, by custom not inconsistent
with the laws, vested 10 tue fret acads OF the disuic
Seventh acaides who have concurrent jurisdiction among
them the district, but subordinate the
higher Judicial tribunals Eighth local justices Of the
peace Ninth, aynnnmientos or town co1nois The
powers and iuRcuons OF oil ese officers se snY dened
the laws Of ths county and almost identical with
those oi the corresponding officers - the Atlantic and west
States.
Here. them were all the necessary agencies Of govern.
ment legislature 10 make laws, judiciary 10 enforce
them, and an executive to take care that they
cuted These Offices all filed by election under
General RIleys proclamation. and the order and peace
oil the country well maintained In making this state
meDt rely upon General Riley's dispatches, IN
than OF which he notices the effectiveness Of the
ganizaton and the quleness and good order o the pop
ulaon under ITS influence As late October 81, 1s4g,
whole country remains remarkably quiet and the civil
officers encounter serious difficulties in enforcing the
laws"
The wrong then, which the overland emigrants suffer.
ed in being excluded from voice the convention
wanton. and without warrant OF necessity.
But besides this, the whole proceedings connected with
the formation OF the constitution preepitae and
loose Very few OF the population according TO The 10
orfna ION have received from that country, participated
in them Very few votes cast One OF the lead ng
members in that convention who represented himself,
think TO have received higher number OF votes than
most OF his colleagues, from an important DISTRICT had
altogether 20 votes. and this probably fair sample
OF the election in most of the districts The convention
added largely its number by eiiet OF It's own un-
der the proclamation OF General Riley, 81 delegates were
elected The convention increased lis number to go after
eonvenng II was IN all respects too loosely constructed
10 represent the public voice IN important matter as
The establishment OF the fundamental law OF society.
4 fflon, nj