davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-08-03

''The Republic labors under a msapprehension
in regard to the operation Of the British Corn
Laws When those laws were in force large por-
tons Of the surplus productions the flour and
grain Of the western States, went down the St
Lawrence, before the canals around the rapids
were completed, and when the navigation Of that
river was difficult and expensive. At that time
the Canadians were large purchasers in the bread
stuff markets Of the West By colonial regula-
ton, American wheat was admitted free into
Canada, where IL was ground, and entered the
English markets colonial four at a mere nomi-
nal duty, whilo American -four was nearly cx-
cudcd by the sliding scale Of prohibitory duties.
The statistics Of the last ten years, showing the
receipts down the st. Lawrence, and the exports
from Montreal and Quebec, will give an ntcigi-
bic idea of the operation Of the laws in Cana
da Under the abolition Of thosc laws, admitting
into the English markets American and colonial
productions upon an equal footing. tho Canadian
exports Of brcadstuffs have largely fallen off, and
the commercial and agricultural interests Of Cana
da have been seriously impaired. Hence it is that
a large portion of the comparatively small Canadian
surplus has been diverted, By the operation qg our
U'arehou,ing lar, through our commercial channeis
Instead of buying IN our markets, the Canadians
hare become seller, erciwireiy, at rates twenty per
cent. below the value Of agricultural productions
grown ON the American side Of the line"
IOslpego Commercial Timer.
We were perfectly aware of the facts by
the Times in the above extract. They are given
in reply to our remark that the Canadians did
not contrive TO get the carrying trade Of our
surplus breadstuffs by the way of the st. Law
renee prior to the repeal Of the corn laws. We
knew that the Canadians then purchased our
wheat, and made it their flour; and that the adj
vantage they had in the discrimination in their
favor, at the British custom-houses, was suffi-
cent TO enable them TO use the greatly inferior
navigation Of the st. Lawrence, and yet under
sell American flour and wheat which passed
through the cheaper channel of the Erie ca
nal. II is TO be remembered that thoy were not
then permitted by our Government to cross its
territories with their breadstufis, except upon
payment Of duty Of twenty per cent. All
that IS proved is, that the navigation Of the
New York canals is not cheaper, TO the amount
Of one-fifth the value of the articles transported
than the ST. Lawrence. That it is enough
cheaper to divert the trade, the moment il was
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-08-03
Theory of Secession.

AS for the notion of the Republic, that 'the
United States or the Government Of the United
States, would remain in the sense those terms are
now understood, after a number of the States OF
half the States had renounced the Union il is utter
" untenablc. majority of the Senators of all
the existing States is necessary, under the Consti-
tuition, for quorum 10 transact business. II hall
Of them were to withdraw, there could be no quo.
rum
"In tho failure Of the people to elect President
by districts, the Constitution requires "a major
ity Of all the States 10 elect If two States were 10
withdraw, and the remaining twenty eight were
TO be equally divided, there could be no election,
and the Government would fall. That event might
happen, indeed, by equal vote Of all the existing
States. II one State should withdraw, there could
be neither Senate House of Representative
under the existing Constitutions for it declares that
the Senate shall be composed of two Senators from
each STATE, and the House, Of members chosen by
the people Of the several States. Nor could Presi.
dent be elected at ALL If one State withdrew; for
the Constitution requires each State to appoint Pres
idential electors, and majority is required Ia
elect Southern Press.
The Constitution provides that 'the Senate Of
the United States shall consist Of two Senators
from each State - and that, in respect to both
Houses, :" a majority Of each shall constitute a
quorum to do business but a smaller number
may adjourn from day to day, and may be au-
thorzed to compel the attendance Of absent
members in such manner and under such penal
ties as each House may provide"
1t is very clear, from this, that il the attend
auce of members of the Senate is necessary to
preserve the existence Of the United States. in
the sense those terms are understood in the
Constitution, minority of that body, however
SMALL have all requisite power for maintaining
the United States.
The argument of the Press involves the con
tradiction that the seeding State may be a con
stituent of the United States, and at the same
time not a constituent. II is an absurdity TO
suppose that the Constitution can regard as
among eristing States, for the purpose of per
petuating its operations, any portion of territory
which it admits to be exterior to its Jurisdiction
We referred, in the article (Which the Press
makes this reply, to the period between the 2lst
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-08-03

The SHIP Observation-Disclosures from the
ship Ticonderoga has been received up to Tues
day evening. She lies inside the outer bar, about
one hundred and fifty yards from the beach, and
still remains perfectly tight The passengers have
all been landed safely, and preparations were
making to discharge the cargo, part of it, when
il is expected that she will come off without sus-
tanning much injury. The hands were waiting for
the anchor, steam. pump, and cables, which we're
expected every moment. The steamboats, had
passed through Fire leland Inlet, and two of them
were inside Of the wreck. If the weather should
continue fair, there is strong probability Of the
vessel being got off uninjured. The Ticondcroga
a vessel, of ,059 tons, built in Williams
burgh in lS49. She valued at $4,000, and
insured for $50 900 in four equal Gums in the
Aston, Atlantic, Sun, and Mutual Offices 10000
on the freight insured in the Mercantile Mu-
tual. She sailed from Liverpool on the 23d June
with n valuable cargo.-N. Y. Tribune.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-08-03

FRoN THE WEST ISDIEs.-We learn from Capt
Bryson, Of the brig Daniel, from ST. Thomas and
st. Kits, July 18th, that hurricane occurred at
st. Thomas and the Windward- Islands, on the 18th
and 18TH No damage done to the shipping at
st. Thomas; but number of vessels were lost at
St kits, Dominica, and Antigua. An American
schooner was lost at st. Croix; also two British
briggs at st. kits were wrecked, and the crews,
consisting Of twenty-six persons, were drowned
British bark from st. Kits, for Europe put into
St. Thomas the 18th instant, with loss of her
spars, having been knocked down on her beam
ends
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-08-03

LETTER FROM GENERAL WooL.-The name Of
this distinguished citizen and soldier having been
mentioned one of the Democratic candidates for
the nomination for governor this fall, tho following
letter, in reply to addressed to him on the sub
jet, has been published by the Rochester Adrer-
tiseT:
TRoy, 18th June, 1850.
MY DEAN Sin: have but this moment received
your favor of the 10th instant, for which tender
you my thanks.
In reply, have only time to say that have been
applied to by many Democratic friends to become
a candidate for the gubernatoral chair Of New
York, which have uniformly declined, and for
reasons which, doubt not would be satisfactory
to you as well az my friends in general. For
vices rendered my country, trust have the APP
probation and good opinion of the people of my
tive State. This is more precious to me than office,
and more than satisfies my ambition.
For the favorable opinion you have been pleased
to express in my behalf, and tho exalted station you
would confer on me, offer you my grateful ac-
acknowledgements
With considerations Of the highest respect, have
the honor to be your obcdicnt servant,
JOHN r. WOOL.
To JAS. AMEs, esq, Rochester, ". Y.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-08-03

GEsERAL CHILDs.-This distinguished officer,
now in command at Fort McHcnry is at present
on visit to Philadelphia, and learn has been
handsomely entertained there. On Wednesday
he was the guest of Hon. Judge Kane, whose son,
Dr. Kane, was kindly taken care of by Gen. Childs
while suffering from a wound received in
skirmish near Puebla, Mexico. The Ledger states
that the officers and soldiers now in Philadelphia,
who served with General Childs in Mexico, were 10
hold meeting last night at Captain Binders house.
to make arrangements for waiting upon tho Gene
raj in body to-day.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-08-03

INpIANA.-The State election for choice Of mem
bcrs of the Legislature takes place in Indiana on
Monday next. Neither Governor nor Congress
men are to be chosen. An United States Senator is
to be chosen, by the Legislature now to be voted
for in the place ofMr. Bright, whose term expires
in March next Delegates to a convention to re-
Monday.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-08-03

FaoM BELIZE, HoNpURAs.-We learn from the
passengers by the brig Allen King that revou-
ton had broken out in the States of Guatemala and
San Salvador. One party was headed by General
Psise, and the other by General Carrera. The
governor of Belize Honduras, had enrolled all the
male inhabitants, and would leave shortly for the
aen of ,rnr
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-08-03
TIL E RE ? u BLIC .
w ASH N GTON:
SATURDAY MORNING, AUG UsT 3, 1851
Congress.

In the Senate, yesterday, the California bill
was under consideration. After debate, the
amendment of Mr.. FooTE to divide the State
by the line of 500 so was rejected-yeas %,
nays 33. The subject was postponed till Mon
day, to which day the Senate adjourned.
The House Of Representatives., in Commit
tee Of the Whole on the state of the Union,
were engaged in the consideration of the In
dian Appropriation bill.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-08-03

The Iowa CONTESTED ELEcTIoN.-Daniel F..
Miller, the able Wing contestant of the scat in
Congress, from Iowa, has arrived at Burlington, in
that State, from Washington, and will at once
enter upon the campaign. Mr. Thompson, his
Locofoco opponent was hourly expected at Bur.
lington,
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-08-03

PESSsyLvASrA.--The Native Americans of Pitts
burgh, (Alleghany county,) Pennsylvania, have
nominated John Beightley as the candidate for
Congress for the short term, (vacancy occasioned
by the resignation of Hon. Moses Hampton and
Israel Cullen for the full term of two years.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-08-03

a FRoG-EATgR ON FisH.--A Frenohman had
heard the phrase, 'J'vc got other fish TO fry" and
learned its application. One day friend invited
him TO go and walk, and, being otherwise engaged,
no thought of the above expression, and gave IT,
little nltered' Excuse me TO day, air, must 60
and fry como hsh"
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-08-03
TRoy, 10Th June. 1850.
To JAS. AmEs, esq, Rochester, N. y

InmtGRATIoS.-The number of emigrants ar
rived at this port for tho past month, is 34,SlO,
while that for the month previous is ll,762, or
something more than one-third. The immigra-
ton this wear shows decrease Of Is $50 that of
lsl9 the total for both years being as follows
lsfg-li4 $50 lS50--i25, 97t--N. Y. Foe. Post.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-08-03

The annual meeting of the American Asso-
citation for the Advancement of Science is to be
held at New Haven, and will commence on
Monday, the 10Th instant.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-08-03

and the country that they should now act Thii
WAS all he desired to submit.
Mr.. SrANLY remarked that IL the gentleman
and his friends would not discuss the Wllmot pro
viso, in three weeks the California Territorial sno
other bills could be passed, and all go home.
MIR. GIDDlNGS said that, If the questions should
come up. he would treat them fairly would not de-
tain the committee one moment beyond what II
was his duty TO do, and vote with all possible alac-
rity.
Mr.. BAYLY said that there was not contested
item in the BILL All the appropriations were to
carry out existing treaties. This being the case
and as two speeches have been made he moved thai
the committee rise.
The motion agreed to; when Mr.. BAyLY
submitted a resolution, that all debate on the bill
shall cease in five minutes after the House shall
again go into committee.
Mr. STANTON, of Tennessee, said he did not
know how long they were to stay here-perhaps
during the fall II was necessary they should have
rest; and he proposed that when the House adjourn
1t adjourn to meet on Monday next.
The question was taken, and decided In the mega
tive.
The House again went into committee; and the
consideration Of the bill making appropriations to
defray the expenses Of the Indian department &C.,
was resumed.
Five minute speeches were made amend
ments; and the committee rose without coming 10
a conclusion, when
Mr. POTTER moved that when the House ad-
lourn, 1t adjourn until Monday. The motion was
disagreed to-ayes Al, noes o. And
The House adjourned until to- morrow.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-08-03

The following petitions were to-day presented
under the rule. viz
By Mr.. CALVIN: The petition of Susan Tool, Of
Pennsylvania, widow and rslict of Jacob Tool,
deceased, who a soldier in the late war, pray
ing Congress TO grant her one hundred and sixty
acres of bounty land. Referred to the Committee
on Public Lands
Also, the petition OF John Penn Jones and eight
Others Of Pennsylvania, praying for modification
OF the tariff of 1916. Referred to the Committee OF
Ways and Means.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-08-03

! Mr.. NELSON moved that the rules be suspend
| ed, and that the House resolve itself into Commit
i tee OF the Whole the Private Calendar; and the
! question being taken, it was decided in the mega
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-06-14
Import.tions OF Iron.

The importation Of iron into this country has
become a regular business. We notice items
almost daily, announcing the arrival Of cargoes
of railroad iron, 10 be used in the construction
Of American railroads. The Alexandra Ga
zefte says: 1.-TWO more vessels have arrived AT
Alexandra, loaded with iron rails, made in
Wales. for the Orange and Alexandria rail
road" The Baltimore Patriot. noticing the
progress Of that great work. the Baltimore and
Ohio railroad. gives information that ''the iron
is now arriving in large quantities at the com
pany's wharf at Locust Point, upwards Of 1000
tons having been received in the last month.
This iron is Of excellent manufacture, and will
compare favoraby, as TO cost, with any that has
been imported. The recent sale Of the com
pany's bonds, which were given in payment for
this iron, has been made in London by the
Messrs Barings, at los per cent, a gratifying
evidence Of the confidence which capitalists
have in the work and the gentlemen who have
charge Of it,"
Very gratifying, undoubtedly, in 50 far as
the credit and resources Of the company are
concerned; but the payment which is secured
by bonds-the paymentfor these importations-
must come as profits derived from the trade and
industry Of this country, TO be realized by for
eign industry, and to be made tributary to the
support and prosperity Of the British system Of
manufacturing monopoly. We are importing
their manufactures-and. in this instance, with
out even furnishing them with the raw mate
rial, which we do furnish in respect to cotton
manufactures-and we are giving them in re
turn our promises to pay-promises in the shape
of bonds. How can this system continue with
out involving the certainty Of loss and injury,
and of oppressive Indebtedness. and Of weaken
ing exhaustion
But we have still another item from our ex-
changes Of yesterday "The briggs Emblem
and O'Halloran, and the polaccs Thomas and
Elizabeth, from Newport, Wales" says the
Norfolk Beacon. "srrived al this port yester
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-06-14
[conarsposonscr OF THE nrpvuLlc.l

BALTIMoRE, June l3-p IN.
The proceedings Of the Nashville convention did
not reach here last night. They were detained to
too late hour in coming over some of the west
ern wires and would not receive them. find
however, that the public take very little interest
in the affair.
Summer Is upon us in earnest This has been
the warnest day Of the season. The growing crops
arc progressing admirably; and il nothing inter
venes to prevent, we shall not only have early
but most abundant harvest. The farmers from all
parts of the State say they better pros-
pect. The wheat l. particularly fine The corn is
also growing admirably
The era of ocean steam ma vi cation il now upon
US. From this time on may expect advices
from Europe every two or three days by the vari
will be the period between arrivals, that neither
politicians nor men of business can have time to
digest the news of steamer until another il
upon them.
The Canada's news appears to have had no spe-
cia effect on our -four market Sales of Howard
street brands at. SIS % a So 81, and City Mills
So 81. Red wheat is selling at ll6 lis cents
and white l25 a 100 cents. Corn is dull. Sales Of
white at IS 20 cents, and yellow 90 81 cents
Oats 40 a 43 cents. Whisky 26 a 81 cents
The tobacco market is steady.
Stocks are firm. Sales Of 500 Baltimore 6's al
1867; s 900 Baltimore and Ohio Railroad bonds
at 9s; shares So So; Maryland 6's closed at lO6,
Canton Company, 40, bid, 49, asked.
The money market is easy. Good paper is ne
gotiating freely.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-06-14

There IL hardly rich man in this community
who did not commence his career poor-began az
tosUrsyman in his line Of business The career Of
a few Of our leading men may serve as ipstanees.
The late John Jacob Astor--w6o died not long ago
and was probably worth thirty milhons-com-
mcnced his career on this continent az a journey
man pcdlar, beginning with candy, and getting on
10 fur pcddling, when he commenced investing in
real estate. Hs descendants now are stars at the
opera. The late John G.. Costar was a lourneyman
halter, and died recently miiiionairs. The late
John Mason was originally tailor, from Connec-
ticut; the late MIR. Jones, coopcr-yet both were
honest and industrious through life, and left large
fortunes, which their happy descendants are now
enjoying in every gentecl way stephen whitney,
who now owns blocks Of buildings in this city. be-
gan AZ a journeyman clerk in a small store. The
HarpeS, whose business now amounts 10 mi lions,
began "a journeymen printers, and now build
churches and cndow parsons. The Havemeyers
we're Journeymen sugar refincrs. Z. IA. Marshall,
the large ship owner, was sailor before the mast.
The wealthy merchants spafford 4 Tileston, we're
journeymen-one printer, the other in the shoe
business y. X. Collins, the great steamship and
packet owner, and liberal merchant, was jour.
neymsn clerk in a commission house stetson. Of
the Astor House. was journeyman barkeeper at
his start. Shorthand, the rich cooper and land
owner, was for years merely journeyman cooper.
And 80 IL is in every rank, profession, and extend
ed business in which men engage in this city
Our richest and moet prosperous citizens com
menced with nothing, and have amassed their for
tunes by persevering industry. We have very few
rich men who were born rich.'-N v. Herald.
There is little inequality Of wealth in this good
city Of ours. There is little wealth, little poverty.
We have no rich men. The prayer Of Agur was
truly wise one, and il appears TO have been an
swered as respects our people: GIVE me neither
poverty nor riches; feed me with food convenient
for me, lest be full and deny Thee, and say, Who
Is the Lord9 or lest be poor and steall''
Perhaps Il is in part exemption from the
temptations Of either extreme that effects favor.
able an influence upon the character cf our people
We do not believe that any city can point with
more just pride 10 her whole popustion-surely
none can exhibit more elevated class Of business
and lsboring men, whether we look 10 industry,
intelligence, or moral worth and nowhere do thes,
qualities more certainly secure esteem and success
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-06-14
A RURAL FESTIVAL.

Where delicious strawberries fresh from their fra
grant beds, cream cold ne ice, and every thing to
tempt and crafty the varied appetite viii BE- found
spread In profusion, IL In contemplation by tho
Ladies belonging 10 the CHUaoH or THE AscEN.
SION. AZ the object which they propose 10 ac
complsh, namely, the completion Of their Sabbath
u u 10 be earnestly hoped the Ladies may with
the success which their benevolent exertions de-
serve. We requested 10 state that the festival
Mr.. WksBINeroN Bsssy, a mile and a half north
Of the Capitol and that, tor the accommodation Of
those who may desire II, omnibus will leave the
corner Of and Ninth streets Thrsday, the 9th
instant at noon precisely, and every hour through
out the afternoon until o'clock the price Of CON
veyance l2l cents each way. The Festival will be
continued, should the weather prove propitious.
ON Friday and Saturday, with the same accommo.
dstions. Children will be conveyed TO and from
the ground at hoD price. June l4-d3t
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-06-14

"AMcus" is entirly correct in his remarks; but
the practice he aiudes to, it exists is without
knowledge, and certainly has not been intended by
US. Articles relating to European affairs are ne
cessarily quoted from other journals; and those OF
political bearing, as relates to a portion of Eu
rope, unavoidly infringe upon other subjects OF con
troversy The intination of our correspondent
however, will not be lost upon us, and greater care
will be taken in future to avoid even the appear
ance of the thing to which he alludes. Our pur.
pose is single one, he well intimates, and, SC
far action is concerned, shall not be impeded
by the improper introduction of other subjects, in
anv form whatever.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-06-14
Arrival OF the steamer VIceroy.

The steamer viceroy, Captain Ewing, arrived al
Halifax on Tuesday evening, June llth She left
Galway on Saturday, the LIST instant, with twenty.
two passengers.
She brings Dublin papers of Saturday, the LIST in
slant, and London and Liverpool papers of Friday
the 3lst ultimo. We under obligations to the
Purser for the prompt delivery of our packages.
She has had head winds nearly the whole dis
lance. Her Goals nearly exhausted, and she
will require to remain here till late in the day
morrow, "wednesday
DUBLIN, May 3l.-Flour and wheat extreme
ly dull. Prices since Tuesday unchanged.
There is only retail demand for Indian corn and
prices n trihe lower.
The wind, at o'clock, p. m, is very fresh from
the northeast
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1850-06-14
Telegraphie.
Nav OaLEANs. Hume -

New ORLEANS, June IL.
The examination of General Lopez is now pro-
crossing before the United States commissioners.
II will be continued daily until a decision is had
and inal disposition made of the accused. The
probabilities now are that Lopez will be discharged
for want of evidence. The trial produces good
deal Of eAcitement.
The adsices by the Atlantic have come 10 hand
by telegraph, but have had special effect the
cotton market. On Monday 600 bales were sold at
II / for middling. To-day the sales are 800
bales, under the Atlantic's advices, at the same
figures
excellent.
BALTIMORE, June 10, D. IN.
At Boston the Connecticut River Bank was rob-
bed on Tuesday of twenty thousand dollars; and
next morning the money was all found in a barn.
The thieves vamosed
At New York to-day flour was frm-wheat UNI
changed; corn dull. Government stocks advanced
quarter per cent