The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1850-05-29


read from the organic law. and the first article in the
first chapter OF her State constitution:
AR. l. All men are born equally free and Independent
and have certain natural nheren and unaenabe rights
among which the enjoying and defending OF life and
pursuing and Obtaining happiness and safety Therefore
no male person born Ia this country, brought from
vant save or apprentice afer he arrives at The age Of
twentyo years. emale in like manner, she
their consent alter they arrive such age.
By Law FOR rHE PAYMENT or DEBTS DAMAGES, COSTS
FINES OR THE LIKE.
Plainly then, all persons, male or female, phAe or
black, with without their consent are liable be
holden as saves IN Vermont il within twenty and
eighteen years OF age espectvcy with their consent
without any limitation at ALL and may be sold at any age
aues "yoR DEBTS, DAMAGES, COSTS, FINES. AND THE
LIKE" Yet. with this organic sanction Of nik slavery,
OF Vermont peonGge prexed the very frontspece OF
her constitution, she deliberately in her egs
aure and procams in the Senate chamber Of the Union,
that At southern slavery is cRIn.
most tosome portions of this discussion might have been
spared to the Senate had honorable senators conented
the stubborn facts Of record which this case presents
Senators have quoted the law OF nations decisive OF
the rights Of conquered people to retain certain portions
stitued other laws in their place Nobody disputes that
but senators seem to have overlooked entirely that
the law OF nations never interposes Its authority in
regulating the rights and duties OF nations except upon
matters about which the treaties and conventions OF
tons silent On the other hand the law of nations
silent whenever such treaties conventions contain
spulatons upon the subect-matter issue Tor these
stpulatons must be and the exact measure OF the
rights and privileges yielded to and secured by the people
who have been subdued. Clearly, then, the spuations
Of The treaty Of Guadalupe Hdago contain the full gauge
Of all the rights and privileges secured to the inhabitants
Of the ceded Territories Let us, then, look into that
deprive southern stakeholder from exercising such
rights OF property in such Territories as he might exercise
under the constitution Of the United States anywhere out
OF these limits and not within OF the free States,
less under claim Of extradition Of fugives from SER
vice. have that treaty in my hand and beg leave to
refer to the ninth article OF IT. which will now read TO
the Senate
Arr. The Mexcans, who, in the Territories atore.
said shall not the character Of citizens Of the Mex
republic conformaby with what 10 stipulated in the
preceding article, shall be incorporated the Union Of
the United States, and admitted as soon as possible, &C
enoy@ent Of ali The rights Of czens Of The United States
IL The s Of sna y e
ey rights vested IN them according 10 Mriean aDs
an @ equally with Of the iniabans The other Terri
tories and At Least equally good with ahat OF .he m
from the French republic and the crown Of SPAIN
became Territories Of the United States &c concnding
Thus Ii is seen that while the treaty aims to define and
and regulate the rights under il of the inhabitants Of the
ceded Territories the very clause which might have been
exico over the civil rights Of these Mexicans, has been
stricken out from the original treaty But prepared
to show that even under the clause as originally Stood
the Mexican Americans acquired from preensions
to the privilege claimed from the United States in
their namea claim no less than this That the Mexican
e s%sy o s
This is obviously gross distortion Of both the spirit and
letter OF the clause II means nothing Of the sort II
more Even had the original article Of the treaty
manned unmodfed how would that prove that the per
manent exclusion of slavery Of the rights which
it the object Of the treaty to secure TO the nhabi
tants The pretension is absurd
| demand OF honorable senators who occupy these
strange positions how the iact Of STAKEHOLDER ngra
teriere with the eivl rights Of the Mexcans residing
there II this government were to attempt to reduce
them 10 become savehoders, thai would be palpable
breach, not only OF their cuI rights but also Of their
personal liberty But il Mexcans cannot enjoy their
NAL and destruction OF the equal civil rights OF American
citizens, then the treaty is sgrant breach OF the cons
tuhon and void for the want OF constitutional authority
in the President and the Senate 10 have made and ra
fed it, But have shown already that no such absurdity
or nulty ains avoids the treaty OF cession that the
clause u the " o. S.a I,ossGs :svs
classed by every Pubics OF reputation among the poe
but are brought 70 an end 60 insianis with change OF
dominion. Besides, civil rights must first be conferred or
recognised by the cedng government before they can be
and how the provisions OF the Mexican constitution,
taking atcav from Merican citizens prsextsing rgh
10 hold aues, can be construed comforting on them any
civil rights, - rights at ALL s problem too subtle
and mpapsble for the grasp OF any faculty Of mne and
which must leave to honorable senators who wiser
than am 10 ponder on and solve.
know not il have the pardon of the Senate for
having dwet long upon the nature and operation OF
the "civ rights said to have been secured by the treaty
to the resident Mexcans when know oil the time that
the treaty, ratified, neither mentioned nor provided
for any civil rights whatever. The only way can ex-
plain myself for thus discussing matters not IN
eura is that but followed the lead Of senators Of far
experience than have, who, ia debate upon this
point and for to unknown left out o view
altogether the 9th article of the amended, and argued
the matter upon the basis OF the 9th article OF the orr
gnal treaty; and the issues and arguments based upon
this assumption thus laid before the country through the
speeches oil senators and through the public press, would
have left my remarks void OF all point and scarcely in
tegibe, had strictly confined myself TO the provisions
of the amended treaty. This will be seen Ut once by my
calling the attention OF the Senate TO the 9th article Of
the amended treaty. Just handed to me by my honorable
friend, the senator from Mississippi [Mr. DAvIsl with
the same article OF the original treaty, which have al
ready laid before the Senate.
Article 9th Of Amended Treaty
The Mercans who. in the Terri,ore. aforesaid shall
public conf6maby with what Is stipulated IN the pre-
cedng article shall be incorporated into the Union OF she
United Satcs and be admitted NJ the proper time o be
judged Of bv the Congress Of the United Sses 70 the en-
according the principles Of the constitution, and in the
time, shall be maintained and protected In the free
enjoyment OF their liberty and property and secured In the
| free exercise Of their religion, without resuction'
Now in the corresponding sentence OF the original trea
ty touching the protection guaranteed TO them as 10 their
existing rights, the language thus: En- Ell entre-
tanto eran mantenidos y protegidos en- el goze de
su Rbtod de proprsded de los dsrsehos eisss que
hoy tenen scgun Las leyes Mexianos which, angczed,
AZ. i'm. thov .h.ll hn and