Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1850-06-28

free from the nnoyance of iana.is, and aboliton>ln-
secure from the arts Of ambition, employing me Jury :" Ia
lalitSH AMI ao"nsnl. Circumstances nav" lhecii''
o dc@Ius ~ min North latitude ~ The l!nt IN bc ih'
extended II has become With certain politicians
10 treat as absurd proposition for this arrangement be
t;s they say II cannot hc obtained and We must Therefore
take llss. Nothing b. obtained by who proclaim
Iey ready to submit. Bu anything us can b. e1tor
ted from the world by nine millions oi men, determined I,
maintain their rights The South can obtain 10 de-. 50 min
only BY deciding u have' when she makes that tn t
so:c, she will get it,
- deg. 81 MN, ar dissolve the unl"n II this question
b. scented - argument ii involves The soplisin 9" h!
ln@ virtue responsible for the evil enltei on tr w"! hs
Vice We demand nothing but justice Justice Is vlr'nc-
l'" suhmis-nsts urge that from dread ot consequences
wr shall whl"ld the demand; thai H. under the io'se ~
ar, shall submit to injustice. Injustice is vice. We II,
then, by this argument through motives Of tcar-whieh j,
c"waiirc-t" surrender justice and submit 10 injustice
which is 10 overthrow virtue and establish vice.
The argument assumes, that good men mus abstain from
Tie assertion :" tclr rights csf bad should refuse hci
and IN TIM struggle great evil shall bcI the world which
involves perpetual submission Ia the wicked without an Ell
lori to support the virtnons which at condemns the
world 10 despair.
The truth is the question unfairly put, and its alurcn,
unfairly stated because implies that the South tenders the
ISSUE Of observation-disclosures ask nothing but what
entitled 10 receive, by the very terms OF our compact
Mon Let the question pruponnded The abolition
ISIS "Wl you dissolve the Union than accord To
ihe Son,h Just constitutional drmand!' am persuaded
will be demonstrate that the line Of 30 degrees 81
only usl and reasonable but Tar bclO" what
wc might Justly demand.
The circumstances at.cndin. acquisition Of territory
from the Republic ol Mexico matter ot history aud be
l"r the world II The result q" TIE Treaty al Peace
The Wa: terminated by that Treaty; wis costly bp!h III
blood and ,rclslTr. The cost al the acquisition III money
cannot have iarn tar short oi lr rnoinous sum oi
3,nuUDD. Ii is difficult Ia ascertain with precision the
exact proportions o this sum- contributed respectively ny
the North and The South. By process Of reasoning, con
elusive Ia nv min!, convinced that tir South, win
one hndo lie population 81 The Unon pays at leasi io
thirds ri ir derived from customs ar duties on IN
r,rl-. Ii This c tr S"nh, when the war debt shall
br cNn-usiei will have paid more than SlGWUoui hn
ii, ~
u tlr present argument, shall a"smc the proportions vi
fpnGlt,n ~ furnishing The ratio 81 cnntfibniI"n "hch
wlI cnc n a credit OF S2SSi3,553 pad ~ purchase
money !' he! interest III the territory acquired lroi hrN-
." ihc North according u this rule, advancing
GhuE ibG We enabled by tie aclvc, III tiir war
p"a icui Ia speak with far 4ohcr eAaen,s' - 20 IN,
contribution "i yauni9crs and The Sol, with one liih
in population, may b. asserted Ia have furnished loIo
volunteers towards he prosecution ol The war whilst me
North, with tm,tltls ol the popaation furnished only
2U-i volunteers. Thus stating the question III The mod"
disayanlagcous TIE South, she presents claim .r
diSrbuyc share, supported by the payment o Se5 bib'
and furnishing ij6i0 volunteers; whilst the Nortli presents
claim supported hy payment o si6,bbbo ami inIhS!
sf0Si volunteers. The amount oi the Mexican arfI
.on in Caorn, aud New Mexico is 52i,0Is siarc miles
which 81 Gg5 square rifles situated North oi So DE-
,lcr, 80 inmates; anL 2u:iSS square miles ar: situated
South oi that line Surely II cannot or Gc'ca ir'iSnh
a expect the territory South ol that line as tr Just n
5uyc SHARE her claim Is here exhibited hui
wrn the claim is fairly stated the moderation oi her dc
iaid h,ro,.cs cons cu> She, in TRUTH furnished lWo
Iii is al the money and twotrds ot The volunteers ahI
III the Partition she proposes 10 acceGe TO me Nolt
/
square miles. -.
The moderation oi the demand becomes s'i more striking
when examined with risronre la or III conneXlon withlor
Territorial arrangement. and important hlStoFcai events
inou.:i all t!l stages colonial rNsun:c African
| >liycr, bc genera. characteristic ~ liS posses
,ipn. This was generally down ~ the date OF The ID"
cilr;,tin mio icaencc. II important eIcneh' :"
III, social system throughout tc six States situated Sn'!th
Mason and Diyun1 lnc and the territory SUBJECT !" w,
jurisdiction. II hl! greatly dcpc'aed III tlr sesth '"'
Worth "i that lin" n, thcr were al r." leIiii
ytcnt PENNSYLVANIA New Jersey anI New OK, WIN n"
New England including the District oi Name presented al
area o lfl0Sl square miles, whilst the SIX slave 'a,e'
with the rlioes SUBJECT 10 their jurisdiction 'n1fae''
area 6 20l square miles Let II be observed men, ana
fcnl.mber'd hat when the confederation was loi'i i'
law, States cnnyc territory greater than the tree States
rs amount Of 53l2l s1uafe miles, wanting "F s''.'
lacion being "p times ~ lar.r - hr Territory :" '
t,.r States. Such the CONDITION oi thln@S wh'h "'
polical conncNlon formed IL Mas al an cveh'lhi
rii,s the csiin, ." America. Var prevailed we ",'t
engaged in mor! conflict for NATIONAL Independence 'u'
uni .Ycn the sense ol pressing common danger could cA
iinnus in the North spirit Of jealousy o the south ana
especially jealousy o! Virginia Her large possessions II.
unuccupeI lands made the subject 81 cohpn' anu :"
p.icxi with of the Northern States tor "i'hion9
supplies Of and money essential Ia the shccrSs o
~nruon To remove all canse OF complaint ~ -
virginia authorized commissioners 10 convey 10 it Ih,'e
states all her territory living North and Northwest I"
ns act has been often described as one oi heroic magma
nmy hni niagnanmity and tiulty are often very nearly
allied notwithstanding this cesson the territory was sun
open the Introduction OF slaves but was soon plou
in Congress prohibit it, which was done IN loi oy ,ht
adoption oi the famous ordinance oi ma. year. l"Ni'
that as the territory slavery or Involuntary Sc'i-
ulr Except for crimc) should be- prohibited The territory To
which This ordinance apprabe comprised an area o
iii al square miles which being deducted from The slave
territory left III 1881 square miles aha au'ie" "
Ihr tree territory formed Al 81 42oioi square ''s -
t,lslnn Tie prcpdnderancc Oi Tree territory Nv f'i~'i
..,u..rc mills and fixing the doom of the South "fevef
Thus in the short Of about eleven years iro 'hr CON
nncctnen Of the Union, the Sonh by slnslr o''apn M
y,s reduced from condition o superiority IN wil'h s''t
was tour times ~ aracs the free States To condition "i
u.yc ending n.crlofltv. ,..,;,,s
er are several important circumstances and reflections
r,,i,t 10
your attention. u. The unavoidable length oi THIS conhnhl-
| cation commands me IN iorbcar 80, -,
Thus stood the territorial Distribution tnl me prc:
- ,na un,,r the administration OF Mr. Jefferson. This
was al slave territory when acquired, ana comprised IN area
l59 l2 square ns--,n amount srea'et ''n M; Wv ]
sIpcrtci ol the United States before 'his aci
,inn. and sufficient sartlc the apprehension ana arohs'
The ambition Of the North. Accordingly, when iissou
attained sufficient importance ana applied lor a.iIo'
mia IN. Union the question Of slavery was Introduce
in,o The Halls of Congress The North demanded lat
should BE- abolished in hc State making The aprlcatloh s W
nr;rc and condition of her admission into the noi iar
ing cxcicmcns were seen to pcval anu We ',e Wv @ ,a ~
Mon iultccd its deep foundations J" ilgm pu. M W.,
Union in danger! Who were he asscssors NJ NJ ' i
only stood the defensive. slavery cAs..a ~ .ho t
II existed every where in Louisiana The Norfh came 10Y
ward 10 demand the destruction o an existing ls''"i
establish new order oi ings--and sooner man snol "
h ,nwar:c in their purposes they were prepared 10 ci w
r,inn nto fragments But compromise was ntroducrh
an which they seized with casorness and iorceu - m
Sou,h by their united votes. Ii provided or me
nf Missouri with her constitution permitting shs'! n
an her limits; but il adopted The line oil lc Sou't -
,,y viz 81 drm. ~ min. North latitude III" io'' " "
m Indefinite extension West, to the extreme b",aary
nnr posscssions applying 10 all north oi t!a hn IN p
;or of The ordinance o lISi. Let us pause anu eAa'"
,he effect of this celebrated Missouri coinpronis''
II has already been stated that the Louisiana Pnth'
,mprsed an area Of ll2 square mics wllc' Was u
lyr tetoryaf This, 445 square miles are s''uie
s,urn of The line is 81 North latitude, ana :m4oo' t
n,l.- no ui HAT line. Thus thr N"h bv .,eiI om @
vn,cs and AGAINST the almost united v"tr I" 'he .o'
,r,,d a n,.asli,, on the South, by which Il Was sa'l'.s
,runit,cI hat The institutions al tle SoGi l@s' ''''
io exist in il5 square miles, where iney ".'' 'ap
,4ah; shrl bllt a the institutions "i ne >"un sl''a y
81 abolished III 96i GG1 square miles, which s'ni 'h p va
f,i.L IN ti uses South, and appropriate" !" l'h ~"
o me Nnrlhthc North taking la itsc W. squire 'i'
more ,an il permitted 10 rcmnn 10 the S"i'N.
Il, the Florida Treaty The United States aclm''i ~, ''
1ii.ry now forming dat State with an area .. ~ - l
,,.. We al-o cSiinauscd The Spanish uiie I" ota",
and - strengthened title 10 thni tsrlor ar Oh iu
o,nt a, the quest with the Cont ." ~ 'ahnS' ~ " ~ ~
n The United States 3i i6S square 'its al urts'l'
institutions o South permitted !" ''''nee m ~ ~
!a bu, Oregon las been appropriated ~ IN. Is'i,"'
Smith are allowed 80 26S square mIcs wus' ne 'i
take. to ITSELF "a l53 square miles; Or lJ square III"
,nnrc th,n .r permits the nses "i The S"ith . j,
Thus il apnear. that rhe North has taken rom III" ""h''
>ithou, compensation equivalent, The following amour
Z - ''''i"'!' " Square Nil"
! p 49,, w l;n,,c. oe 81 26l.G
= Eycrss Of Louisiana purchase BY Missouri Com -,.