New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1850-07-01
Mexican Boundary Commiss,oD.

| Mexfcnn Boundary Commission.
Since the confirmation Of Mr.. BARTLETT as Com
missioner for running the boundary line betwee,
the United States and Mexico, he has been busily
occupied in organizing his corps of Engineers
Surveyors, &c. which is to constitute the Commi,
sion and we now learn that IL has been com Dleted
The point OF departure, as we have before stated
has been changed from the Pacific side to the Rio
Grande The Commissioners of the United States
and Mexico will meet at FL Paso on the frat OF
November, when the survey of the boundary will
be resumed. The plan, we understand, is to be.
gln by tracing the line westward. The treaty
OF daudalupe Hidalgo provides for running the
line as follows:
nhe as IOnOWs
beginning at the point where the Rio GRnde strikes
the Southern boundary OF New Mexico; thence westward
~, along the whole southern boundary Of NewMexico,
(which runs ncb Of the town called FL Paso TO It's
ern termination thence nor,hward, along the Hns
Of vMexco until 1t intersecs the hTst branch OF
River ella II should inerse any branch OF that
river then the point the said line nearest to such
branch and thence In a direct line to the same"
The determination Of this line is the most diff
cult part of the whole survey, as it extends along
an imaginary line, which has been the boundary
betweenthe States of Chihuahua and New-Me xco
since the earliest settlement OF the county. But
as nothing is known of the country along this line
and as the maps all differ in defining it, It may
prove a serious obstacle 1.-THE outset. The treaty,
however, will tend to remove some of the obstacles
as IL provides for the boundary rs laid down In Dis
turnells map of Mexico. published in ls47, which
map, we believe, is Mexican map reprinted 10
New York, with some additions. After striking
the River ella, the difficulties as far as determn.
ing the line are overcome. This is a natural boun-
dairy, and the Commissioners will only have TO
trace this river TO its junction with the Colorado
near the head of the Gulf Of California After com.
plotting this portion Of the line, the Commissioners
will return to FL Paso, and trace this river some
twelve hundred miles, until it minges its waters
with those of the Gulf of Mexico.
This will be the most extensive line OF surveys
ever made in the United States extending more
than two thousand miles, from the Atlantic to the
Pacific, and mostly through a country scarcely
known, except by the rapid march Of an army,
without any opportunity to examine its resources.
To accomplish such a work. beyond the bounds
OF civilization, where for seven or eight hundred
miles there exists neither village nor hamlet and
where the lords of the soil still maintain their indie
pendence, in numbers and in strength far surpass
ing that of any tribe east of the Rocky Mountains
is a task not unattended with difficulties. The or
ganizatlon OF party OF eighty or a hundred men,
consisting Of engineers, surveyors, and their as.
sistants, and large body Of mechanics and labor.
ers, to take the field for two or three years, is
matter requiring much preparation.
In regard to the organization Of the Commission,
we learn that It will consist of three complete and
separate parties Of engineers surveyors and their
attendants. One OF these is TO run and mark the
boundary between the United States and Mexico
nations, surveys, and run lines Of level from the
Rio Grande to the Pacific, as required by the sixth
article Of the treaty Of Guadalupe Hldalgo, which
provides for the examination of the country and
the collection of information relative to the con
struction OF a road, canal or railway"
Such an examination as is contemplated IN this
article must be accurate survey to be Of any
value. a military reconnaissance was made by
Colonel Emory, ia bis rapid march with General
Keamey, which, as far as 1t goes IS very good bat
20 examination was made beyond the line of
march, it was not possible hence, We are Ia To-
tai ignorance as 10 the praciicability OF commune
cation across for either road or a railway. IL is
possible that an accurate survey Of the country on
both sides Of the CHA provided for in the treaty,
may open to as valleys which may present direct
and practicable route to California. If il should
prove practicable for & railway, then the most ser
Gus obstacle is obyiated In the construction of the
Great Railway connecting the Atlantic with the
Pacific. From the Rio Grande this great channel
of commu nicotion whether a mere road or railway,
might be connected with the contemplated railroad
to Missouri, Arkansas or Texas, as might be found
most expedient.
1t is to be hoped that the opportunity which will
be presented by the slow movements Of the engi-
neers necessary in an accurate examination Of the
extensive region north and south Of the Gila, may
be embraced 70 send a corps Of scientific men 10
accompany the Commission. This corps should
consist Of skilful geoloHsts aud mineraogists Boz
tanists nsturaists artists &c IL is OF the highest
Importance that We should know as soos as pos
sibe what are the resources OF the vast and unex'
plored region lying north OF the CHA, between the
Rio del Norte and the Pacific. Mach OF il Is
doubtless a desert while another portion, we have
every reason to believe, is rich diiuvia country.
The valleys Of the great Colorado and us trol,
tary streams are known 10 sustain large trloes Oh
Indians, and the waters Of these united rivers, a
they empty themselves into the Gull oil Caliornla'
come charged with washIngs from Tue lana slinia,
TO that presented BY the Mississippi and Missouri
Rivers.
But the soil and agricultural resources oil THIS re-
oion are not the Only inducements Tor sclennhc
exploration Of il. It's metals and minerals are VI
greater Importance Copper and lead IT'S Eno 'n,
abound near the ella. Mines OF qulcA slyef' OF
greater value than gold ITSELF were formerly KNOWN
6.re and .one are still worked in Western Call
fornis. Gold was found by the Spaniards Wno con.
ouered the country in 15j0-15e5, and the numerous
evidences Of silver mines still to be traced here,
sbov the extent 10 which this metal exists through
ont the country. This region, once occupied oy
the Spaniards, has long since been reclaimed "
the Indians bat the ruins Of deserted VlAases WIZ
deem sunken pits whence the ore was exracted'
marx the extent 10 which the Spanisrds nad ex-
tended their settlements, and from VIVA. source
they derived thci- support From the shenI SA
aminstiops made oy Col 4 ory IN his reconnOs
sauce of the ella and Of Col. Fremont In ns raPlu
journeys across the country, they were Jul ~ ~
pressed with a strong belief Of the eAs''
mineral treasures Of crest value.
we .haIl recur 10 this subject again In 4 &c"
DAYS. when we shall give list Of the Peno' ~
nointed b the Boundary Commission drea' ar
bss been taken In the selection OF proper |on -ne
% numerous have been the apPhcsrons. saH, Cs-a
ing. we learn, 70 several kandredl tnA' .no ~ ~.
,,.s;oner mas found great difficulty IN MAKING MS
.-Iaa.;.,. nnnber of Young men OF our CITY are
- - - re nsrtv. and there is scarcely state IN