New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1850-11-07
Ceolo sical and Typographical View of Now
Jersey 80 ~ 1T.
, =, -. - ,bs Tribune
lsecond Division coniinued.l

Genie lcsi
Lersey....,.N III
To TIE Editors Of the Tribune:
fSecoud Division Continued
r.. minnie investigation of the secondary for
r,o.or If this State we find that at Springfield
where the trap rangeis almost entirely broken, the
,ern,iration OF the Newark mountains occur.
The greensboro ridges here, some of which are OF
considerable elevation, take nearly southwest
orn direction about seventeen miles, and extend
rto the vicinity of Boundbrook thence they take
northwest course for a considerable distance to
point at Pluckemin-' the second mountain
taking the curviture of the first" Greensboro OF
the secondary formation is seldom found in lodges
Of anv material magnitude; bat it is exclusively
the rock in place of the summit and sides of both
ridges The base of these hills, as usual, is formed
by the sandstone which is found and SITUATED be-
meath the greensboro, nearly horizontally, with
an unimportant dip, ard frequently alternating
with secondary limestone.
There is range Of mountain which extends in
a south western direction from Springfield which
has been termed the Granite Ridge, by some ge
oloeists. in consequence OF a grey stone whichhas
been discovered in different places along its base
but larger quantity of greensboro occupies the
entire range and which forms the summit rock OF
all the other ranges in its vicinity. The general
direction of the primitive strata is northwest
and southeast in the same course as the highland
chain extends; but none Of the secondary ranges
of New-Jersey pursue course parallel with the
primitive An even and exceedingly level sur
face is preserved by the latter in many places, for
a number Of miles, which assumes the appearance
oftabe.lands but lofty eninences and elevations
dot the high land ridges, which is characteristic
Of the primitive formation. The secondary range
which begins in the immediate neighborhood OF
Pompton, and about half mile from the high
! lands which extends i'll a semicircuar curve until
it again connects with them, favors very materl-
ally the above hypothesis The valley encrcled
by the Granite, or more properly, Greensboro
Rdge-and the high lands, is composed of fresh
water alluvion and there is no rock, in place, in
many OF its smaller hills Between the sources
of the river and the Little Falls peat OF an excel
lent quality has been found in the valley. This
plain is well calculated to yield abundance OF that
article, being III many places from three TO tour
miles in width Considerable quantities have
also been discovered near the Momlstown and
Newark turnpke-thc bed is from six to eight
feet deep.
That broad and beautiful valley, commonly
known as Pompton Plains, which is about % mlles
in circumference, is evidently composed OF entire
fresh water alluvion still, the inhabitants, IN dig
cling wells have frequently found strata OF sand,
gravel and clay, without rocks IN place II rom
these Indications IL is evident OF ~ ct1' =
that at some penod ioL8 abo 'itS H. no.;
ers from Long Pond, Pequannock anu the hama
no River find an outlet through it. Much OF the
plain is exceedingly marshy, embracing about
500 acres OF good peat land Granular or Bllia
ceous oXde OF IRON - .U"iu ,rl VI and
pes spacG % Iij is orned nv the
Nolli'- " o' i;i :; lic,;n,si 10 hordcred nv tbe
IilsilanJS' ,1,rsning q sernentiye c6prse
rom North Pompton 10 the vicinity of Morriston,
senarating the wide alluyia pains, watered by
/ Tho pom0tou and Passaic rivers" The summit
rock in Mace uu0n this range, is observed TO
,osepss n singular uniformity and is composed OF a
dork secondary fine grained grecnstonc which
Noe No orI,eoyance Of being in a state of decom.
nosition In such q state. they form beautiful
Ip,,.ol ,,ro,i,iccs in some ulaces of considerable
Elevation and. M their SIDES and base, a pretty
good nu0litv of sandstone is found. IL this range
Of mouItaiH the plineralogist or the ipidary can
find sufficient interest to assuage their curiosity by
examining the large quantity OF geolte- chalcedo'
ny. agate aualcime, prehuitc, amethyst, Jasper,
CRYSTALS fQuartz. and veins OF SATIN spar me
agatcs are various sizes, from that OF small grams
OF sand TO nearly two or three pounds III weight,
nearly chalceGony. In one or t~o instances tine
fertilization or eyed agate has been discovered
here Judge KHsey It IS asserted upon good au-
thoIity. discovered a mineral OF tins KIND winch
weighed nearly sixteen pounds, "hich contained
agate, white quartz and amethyst.
There is another range oi greensboro OUT ol
less quantity ard inferior quality, situated III me
great Valley under cQnsderatlo4 when taxes IT'S
rise near Chatham ana runs IN " Gs'eIiy IeC'5on
Tor about ten mlles' calleH Long tliii III Jus 'lsq
the rocks never appear lii pace II consequence o.
tue tfap pelh8 II a stale Oh 'i l;
are mural lfeciplces near 1e nlluuc Ii .iilS i..s'
composed o. soit o' Sheit9cA IGso.
oIhS the stone louq On tnG hftah MS ~. 81
GohdHfy formation lohoWs 'he hlsuI"hus 10 1llo
Delaware hl'er IL IS pierce" ny seSet"' o'ohcl
rdges IN many places by the same trap re character
which we have Just been describing. inns is the