The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1850-02-27

Xoo UInto ~ ET0D00u
IGron the London STANDARD Of rss1on, Feb. 81
The return Of q socialist deputy Tor department
IN which the royasts Of various grades, legimists,
Orlesnists, or Bonspartists, were believed 10 be
TO all France, and through France to all Europe.
We must, for our own part, confess that as " ex-
tremes produce extremes" 90 fanatlcism Of faction
on the one side ID sure to generate an equally
cant event occurred, there had been, to those who
looked narrowly at the political phenomena OF
French society, other, though more obscure, indl-
cations Of the spread OF "communst' or social
even amongst the troops. II has been evident for
some time, that the party Of General Cavaignac-
whom, we see, the editor OF the New York Weekly
Herald classes as irrational republican"
themselves in a minority, have been, to a certain
extent, concihatng the socialists, whom the Anne.
rican editor considers TO be, without their intend
ing II, amongst the most dangerous enemies Of re-
public liberty. In this mode of viewing the matter,
which Is universally the mode amongst the Ame-
rlcan democratic. writers, we concur: We lament
TO see these wild doctrines springing rapidly In
France, forced on by the influence Of the fement-
ing political hot bed which France now Is; but we
General Cavaignac and his friends, many of whom
we believe to be both high-minded men and men
of great practical talent, may in the end prevail
upon their socialist allies to give up tor the time
some Of their most impractlcabe theories, and
unite IN one common effort to obtain for their
lacerated country cheap and practically free GO
vernment, under which, If there be inequalities Of
condition, there need not be any extremes OF want
on the one hand, or Of monopoly on the other.
1t Is quite clear that socialism,, In its first ef
fecte, produced the Royalst Chamber OF Repre-
sentatives who are now distracting their country
by means Of factions the most contemplate and
pernici0us and that, in return, the roy alsts are
unconsciously doing their. utmost to give fresh
impulse to the equally mischievous, though not
equally contemplate, theories OF the "con-
munists." This Is as evident as the sun at noon.
No .( ia allu
causedb by the extravaganza and open corruption Of
Louis Philippe and Gulzot, the financial pressure,
the want of employment, the low rate of wages
given for labor, and the absence of poor laws in
ample might have spread all over the continent had
the so-called "republicans' been Of what the
American editors call the rational sort. Had
they eschewed all the monstrous chimeras Of
ton, and set calmly to work prepare good, prac-
teal remedies for the evils Of their country, which
are Palpable enough; had they at once set vigo:
rously to operate upon the taxes and the debt and
stituted a moderate system of general rehef for
the poor and unemployed all over France, all might
have gone on well. Unfortunately, those most
active, overlooked everything practical; and phan-
President drolly calls F" era~dss pewsees" were
at once the order of the day. There was
to be community in land the poor were
to grow rich BY lending each other paper money;
were to stand in the place of bread, beef, and
clothes, which the poor really wanted, but which,
Communion" will never give them, because,
though Communism" Is really Astonishing theory
for supplying TO all the common comforts OF life, II
is, in the means 1t takes, so much at war with the
laws of nature and of God, that 1t must at once
fail in Its end. Such was the case here The
very echo of the Socialist doctrines, held by the
man whe had demolished the corrupt system OF
Louis Philippe and his utterly worthless minister,
Guizot, alarmed all France. In that country the
land is too much divided, perhaps, already:
There are three millions of persons all owners OF
property in France, mostly having wives andchil-
dren, or relatives. France cannot be said to be
commercial country. The influence OF these three
millions was, therefore, decisive, they holding the
real wealth Of the realm. They were well dis
cheap and free government, taking a model the
general government of the American United
States; but 10 all chance of this !" Socialism"
put an end. Three millions OF landowners, with
their relatives, will never submit to confiscation
Of properly, under any theory, however well
meant! The consequence was, seeing that the
really high minded and rational General Cavagnac
was at that moment in a small minority, they
joined the royalist factions, voted tor the nephew
Of the Emperor Napoleon as President of free
republic, and returned royalist Chamber OF Re
personalities TO help him 10 carry on the work Of
freedom and amelioration Of the peoples condi-
tion!
Nothing could come out Of such a compound Of
monstroslties but that which we now sorrowfuly
cont. mplste. Instead OF a reduction OF taxes, the
burthens OF France are now heavier than under
the corrupt, and at last reckless, LOUIS Philippe
Instead oil beng reduced, the debt at first imposed
Oh France by foreigners as punishment, and aug
M nted by the BouIbons In succession, they have
stili further increased. 10 consequence, all propo-
sails for poor laws In France are shelvcd and their
finances are in irretrievable confusion. France 10
powefless abroad, and distressed at home, In spite
Of one Of the finest harvests on record; and So
cialist doctrines are spreading more and more
fheo he frpn
Of the line in France, who are thoroughly disgust
ed by the miserable factions that are dstractng
their country; by the absurdties Of Falloux and
the Portt Pene; by the petty intrieues OF Theirs
ard the "Orleanlsts;" and by the stupld bigotrics
Of "Legltimists," who want TO set up the divine
night OF kings to govern wrong IN the nineteenth
century.
Il is toerably manifest that the existing state of
affairs cannot long last amongst our high spirited
neiphbors, who, though they do not well under
stand freedom, will never long submit to tyranny
in any shape. Were President Bonapare a man OF
more talent than - vouchssied to hun, he could
hardly form a tolerable government out OF the
heterogeneous materials with which he is, Mt pre-
cent surrounded. II seems that some new combi-
nation Of French political elements must take
place, and that, ii the republican leaders can agree
upon sny common ground Of action, they must ul-
tImately govern the country. To do this, they
must. however, have the holders Of real properly
on their eide. and practical smeiorations must
peIsede isntasiical theories.
The Electric relssraph In Paris.
The Journal DIES Dtbafs contains the following
The Minister q the Interior had presented q bull
for the establishment Of three lines Of telegraphic
communication by eectncity, from Tonneue, from
llsvre, and from Angers, the cost Of which he es-
timaied az $50, 665f. The committee appointed to
examine the project proposes, IN addition 90 the
above line, the establishment Of four otherstv
from Chalons-sur Nam, Nevers, Chatesuroux, and
Durkirk. The Minister came TO an understanding
the subject with the committee, VINO, after
rectfying the estimates, have come TO the con-
clusion, that sum Of 900 637f. would suffice for
the construction of the seven Rew lines. The re-
porter, Mr.. Leyerrcr. caused the result Of his
labors 10 be distributed to the Assembly. Amer
giving historical sketch Of the system Of tele-
graphic communication generally, he Investigates
the various systems and apparatus adopted for the
electrical telegraph: The committee having desired
to ascertain the rapidly with which correspon-
depce could be carried on by this means, caused
experiments to be made In their presence. The
greatest speed which was attained under their IN
spection was 81 letters minute, but the reading
then became difficult. aad frequently even impossi-