Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1850-04-11

rcns 10 enc dollnr nrr aay Ii.nnl. Therefore. 10 BE-
-nposrd thu lhr sol will he cultivated mono than he
polnc'ien d" vegetables. fruits and nher articles per.
shah'c IN then nature that They cannot be brought from
great distance vii require.
lo secure this important mnrle f,r the produces and
manufactures Il thu Stes east of the Rocky Mnnnaiu
: undoubledls ohirc OF he grentest Importance l.
VIII ho considered IN its proper place.
Tho pIns,es vety lnNufiani and nuitnes nil rd.
ing excellent pasture. The oats. which sarnp up he
whe' lngh ii thu sea cons. aud ltom forty 10 siNiy
miles inland. Tender the cultivation at that cup entirely
unnecessary, and yield very great quantity If nuti-
luus od to horses. cattle aud sheep. The dty
mainfes. an my say, these grasses an oas. 50
hat they tematu IN excellent sttie # rtc- otvann
dnting ihr summer mud autumn. aud allufd an ample
supply ol forage. Nhlln The whole surface al he eoun
tty appears porched aud vrriteou Destroyed the nume
fous tlnchs ana herds, which it. continue IN
excellent condition
Although The miucss &C the winter months, and the
Frty ofihe soil secure In California decided aar
cultural advantages 1t is admitted hat irrigation would
be- Of very great impotauco, aud necessarily uctrasa
the prolucs OF the su In quantity and variety. during
the greater pnti Of the dry II Ii nld thref
be nc nfagcd by government. In the survey aud dWpl-
sltinn of the public lands, ar iar ns pra teal
Tho hfnef Jerres some very IMP rtan hrn"h Inn,
The dry lis ctaps In harvest tue are never IN
ured hv ao; he with perec' confidence permit Ihem
10 elu,ln IA his hed lng after HEY hava hren gath
eied ns his convenience mny requires he NJ ~ lcas that
they viii b. inquired by wet NJ unt,vnmllr woa 'hrr-
llehfe II II thht many VINO hhNr lhlN herh hfrsnlned
that climate ptrcr it 10 the changrablc weather tast
of the Rocky mounians.
rs alreadv stated. he irtess ot Cllilprn,, smth of
latitude 80 drp and west ot the tun h. ol he Scrfn
Nevada. lm cd +, detached. scattering groves OF
OAK III the valleys. aud red wnod hn ideea aud
on the anrges m hnhlls.
II ran be o M ptecea use Ia speculate on the causes
which have dcnudrd 81 large extent # counity further
han 10 asc'ran whether The soil not favorable h
the growth ui / resi- tioes.
Whom the Dir, SITS in the entire surface X
vcred with uxLrianl erowlh Of pa aud ants. which.
as the enmnar advances, hecnue pcftecrly day. The
cmaIns o all dead lrrrs and SHUTS nlso h dry -
ihesn materials, heeloe. very canhslhle. aud usu
ally take hta IN the hitter pt Of 81 mer aud h'pinn my
o autumn, Whch cpmmlnlv tassra the Whole coun
Try dosr, iup lis the vounp shtubs aud
ln fact. II 10 be III pruccsa which hns dee
troyed prevented The growth If ht,s ihr pra
r,s o thu " esorn SNt's. and MI ANY quality IA iii, sh
unltiendly Ia their growth.
The ahscnce ol lumber and the nnnnce oi the dry
apt To be regarded hy farmers. hrsl gnp
into HE eouotfy uoncdraho def cts, and II, pteSrn
ng obstacles almost usutmoun' 10 he sucres'nli
progress al agriculture llalo experience will modf,
these opinions
ptfBIslC pONAlN.
The extent aud value or ha public lnn17, suitable fr
ar cultural purposes in California. conno be asceroined
with any dcpree Of accuracy unrl some very important
preliminary euesons sha have heen setl"d
Il ia mol known whether lhr 1esn,'a wlo founded the
do now hol any rtlc from the Spanish crowu the lands
whrh they oreuplrd Nor bne any investigation hcen
made to ascertain haw i thuse ties Il they ever exist
ed have nvqdo'ed hy tie aea Of the prsts.or the
dccrees ii the NcNican Government.
superfcln vew OF Tho matter would be very apt IN
cad IL snppos that he Iesnits. celfhuted Tor
sdau aud cunning wsud md tall 10 seoufe that which
At that ume. would probably have boan obt1lncd by
merely asking for ia noy0 docree ortnog 10 hem NIL
'he lands thy mPbt require IN thai remote country for
lions of that III et hu nothing Is dsnclly knnwn-
These onbface within rheir limits oi the
most valuable lnnds IN The lettory and II Is very lin
p,rtani Hl II should be aseeralncI whether they be
ong 70 the Government 'r may be Justly claimed by N.
div lduals.
hlihl Of III hnl fit for cultivation. south of ulilude
80 dec.. and wcsl of the vdly ii the Socnmenp aud
San jaqno. claimed under What puport 10 be gIants
lf.n the MEXICAN government
On most oi these grants he minerals and metals are
reserved to The government conditions coupled
with many Of them " ch hav" mi been complied with
In others the boundaries described embrace Two three
times ma much lnnd as the grunl convrys.
Tho Mexican law required all efnnts made by the pr-
vsiana pnvrrnmrnt, with few exceptions, 10 be confirm
I'D by The Snrren government. The great dls'nncn
wlrh separated heu aud the nnfaqueni or difficult
means OF comrnnnicati n. made g nipanee with the
law SO expansive and ady HAT II came 10 b. almost dis
regarded.
There were other rnnses which led 10 this ncpleo
prcvous to lhe trcaiy with NJ, N,co aud hc lmnigrs
tm of American cllz tlmt country, land was moi
regarded as much valuc except tf grazing purposes.
lner- was room enunah i,r all. Therefore. III claim
anis or proprlrors did not lest each other, inquire
iu'h The validity ol tillrs.
These extensive grants d 'scibed by natural boun
nIies such ~ mountains. bays and r1mrniors which,
IN many ms ances might nllo oil a variation nj several
MI, 5 in the establishment Of with Chain ard
compass.
BY the treaty of Guadalupe IIalg the United States
purehased all The H. his and lnletssn 81 Mexico n and
IN California This purchase not only embraced all the
lands which had mol been grant,d by Mexico. but all the
reserved minerals aud metals, nnd also nversnnaty
rpts which might 10 Mcxlcn from want oi coui-
pl1nre on the part Of the antes with lhe Conditions
Of their grants, lcam oi perfection IN H,' gfanfs
II Will he petctlved that this Is subject o very great
impurlance not only In the penrle Of California. bu 10
the United States aud calls for prompt AID 'nr!en' ac-
tim on The part the government. Il is bIlevcd thai
the appoiunent ot competent commission t1ily eWp1W-
cred to investigate lhese tes in spf of kindness
ties a justice may den and with instructions
to report their proceedings and awards 10 Congress- for
confirmation or recl1n vi he the best and perhaps the
only satisfactory mode Of adjusting h complex and dil-
cult question.
he land in the northern part of the Ieflory, above
tie 80 den have moi been explored granted. they
are supp sod emhrace ot about twenty millions
Of acres large plriloa ol which Is doubtless valua5e
lor lts TIMBER and sill.
Cum,nravely lew grants have been chained IN The
orcat valley OF he Sacramento and san Jmqun. ihis
vast trac therefore. contaul q as is esin'aied tom
twelve to fifteen millions Of acres. bco'gs mostly 10 The
GoVeramenf Sonh ol This valley. and west If the CO.
lorado within the mis Of CalIo,ha. A. md Gated IN