The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1849-12-05

ted. The laws Of several of the Southern
States, prohibiting the ingress Of colored
cooks and stewards into their borders, are
embraced in the same category. The
right OF the States to resort to preventive
legislation, in cases involving the security
OF health, life, and property. has been re-
pcaiedly recognized by the General Gov
ernment. The Act oflsO3 sustained the
law of North Carolina against the admis
sion of free persons Of color from the
| West Indies. The State ennctmepts on
this subject rest on the principle, that the
peace and security Of community are
paramount to al formal provisions, and
that, in every instance, losses, interests
and considerations Of convenience mus,
yield TO the imperious calls Of public safe.
ty.
That to prohibit the circulation ofinccn.
diary papers, through the mail, by Con-
grrss, is not granted power; that the first
Articles Of the amendments Of The Const.
tuition puts il beyond the competency OF
that body, TO legislate on the matter; that,
consequently, it is among the reserved
| rights Of the State, and one which the
South, at least, could never consent OF
abandon, hold to be incontrovcr,iblc
propositions. Congress and the States are
! indeed not only bound to abstain from all
contravening Legislation, but 10 grant cf-
| lectlVe AID, IN certain eases. 10 any mem
bcr OF The Union. The obligation Of The
former cmanates from the constitution: OF
tho latter, from international law, as well
as the Federal Compact.
Whatever penal safeguards, therefore,
the Legislature may deem i, necessary 10
provide, upholding and securing their en-
dnngcred institutions, no humun tribunal
could rightfully nnnul or modify.
| recommend that the circulation in our
limits fincendiary papers, be declared
offence punishable with severe and dcfin.
Itc penalties, and that the existing laws
be so modified, as ef1cctunlly 10 proven,
cmIssarics in the State, personal efforts,
or lnccndiar!cs out of the Slate, from cC
iecting, through the mail, the accomplish
mcnt of their ncfarious schemes.
FREF SCHOOLS.
| In my Inaugural Address, directed your
attention to the cause of education and learn
ing. Among the various schemes which have
| been suggested for its meloration and ad-
vanccmcn!, not one is free from difficulty and
! embarrassment. TO the ,h-Carolina Col
! iegc you have extended generous patronage
and parental guardianship. The amount of
intellectual power and moral energy cmana-
! ting from that source, whc! has been so sir
nally developed in the Councils of the Nation
and State, constitute the highest evidence OF
| the wisdom OF its establishment The pre-
~ .lt hi. ~,
/ vigor and commanding influence, ourht not,
; however, so entirely 10 absorb attention as 10
control the duty you owe 10 the people at
! large. Their me. al welfare is worthy Of the
! highest public muniiiccnce. How NAV thu.
, be most prolitaby bestowed, under the dis
advantages incident 10 sparse population, is
! question not easy Ot solution
| Among the NANTES, errors af our urcscu,
! system, Is the employment of Incolnpetent
| teachers. The success OF school depends
| principally or the character and capacity of
'hc prcccptor Teaching is not only PRO.
! lcssIon but science. While OF all pursuits.
none is more honorable, It's RESPONSE sIbill les and
/ me in"mcnions consequences 10 the prescn,
ana lutnrc generations nscparablc from the
! administration oi It's functions, renders the
| Improvement OF the Instructors occupaiion.
! as lar as that object is a'tanah!c by lcrisla,iou.
| primary duty of the sovereign authority.
/ By constituting the business oi instruction n
| separate profession, the two-tod end is ac
! c"inp!ish2d OF securing lis elevation, and con
sn.idatIng the influence OF the schools upon
the community. The purpose OF early cdu.
| cation - not The acquisition OF mere knowl-
edge, but the practical development anC!
strengthening OF the mind. Hence the ne
ccss''y that the master should be well ac-
! luhihtcd with the temperament and disposition
"i ms scholars. and the philosophy of teaching
| although, perhaps, all other pursuits into
! "hich society IS divided are well fur
! hishcd win competent followers, tho most
/ l'hl"f'ant-that OF asccrtaining tho in,cllcc.
t"'i resources ol It's mcInhcrs---s but mcau-
cry provided. This arises in part from the
want OF demand Tor the ittcst men, who
! again. ny the unalluring prospects held out by
t"c STATE are deferred from cmharking in a
cause unsupported by the popular viii
and the popular sympathy. An ado
! qnate supply of Instructors for the
masses, able. faithful and irrcproachallc in
character, is urgently required and these
should he invited into the pursuit by rewards
i'iiiy adequate to the Importance OF the SER
| wee rendered. The necessity OF such no.
ICY II! ths country-all other reasons apart
ARISES from the considerations that our chl
areh ought to be not only active members OF
civilized community, but efficient citizens of
'rec Government. 70 meet these require
hehtS, recommend the organization OF a Sc
Pc[atc department in the College for the spc
c'ai purpose OF qualifying limited number OF
young iucn, graduates OF tho State and Char
ieston Colleges, drawn according to some
equitable rule from different sections of South
carolina, Tor the occupation of teaching An
other mode OF affecting this design, would be
INC pledge of annual appropriation for the
hrSt three or four incorporated academies. To-
Gated IN the low middle and up countries
founded and successfully conducted for tho in.
structlon OF teachers; OF a similar promise to
any olthe existing schools Of cclobri,y, that
would provide for, and practically execute, a
course of tuition in the attainment of that OBJ
Jcct.
The oxpediency Of providing for Supcrn
tcndcnt OF Free Schools has repeatedly been
the subject of Executive recommendation