Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1849-04-13

| NOR. Than their bravery. In EngIahu "hosc
commerce. las been enriched by The monopoly,
| Of The trade of colonies in every cline, ana
whose manufactures have been expanded by Inc
| most s,upendous inventions of genius, agricul,
,ure still maintains pre-emiDence IN wealth ana
political power, although il compartments only
about oDe-third OF The population Inc agri-
culture Of the South produces greater variety
and abundance Of The staple articles oil human
comfort and subsistence than that Of any other
region. Besides such breadstuifs and provisions
a, the North affords, the South has 6J the su.
pcrlor genius and energy of her people acquired
almost monopoly of the cotton culture Inc
South hus controls an extraordinary proportion
of lhat food and clothing which the world con-
sumes, and hence makes corresponding pro-
ercss in wealth.
Whit, agricultural life is 50 much more pro-
ductive han othei aYucaIicEs u IS Vastly less *
penslvc or consuming Almost all other pussui's
resort 10 Town and cities, where hr styir vi Nv
ing is costly ami exlravagant II Is ve:y rare
IL find farmers u planters residing IN palaces OF
marble or granite. Ii j, seldom tha' even pno'ic
buildings in The country are cGnSInctedo q such
materials. But in cites they are no; uh-
usual in private dwellings with nose
wgo have the means-Whlls! The great
number Of public buildings, churches, BANKS
offices, SC, are Of corresponding magnlhcehce.
The style Of building affords fair criterion oil
the other elements Of expense IN city lie, DIET,
clothing and amusements Ii IS well known
that in the larger cities The expenditure OF the
wealthy class Of families amounts 10 some
eight or ten thousand dollars year. Now
among the planters of The South Of equai
wealth, in the country, It would be hard 70 ma
mere domestic expenditure oil such an
amount--perhapS rarely more than hall OIL u.
In the country The Inducemcnt to buld such ma
citations is not so great. There are not 50 many
10 admire and TO praise IN a rural negh0orhooo
as throng the streets and avenues OF large CITY.
Nor is there 10 be found IN The ,ountry The over
grown millionaire 10 set the example, and 10
Ere the pride and vanity Of his poorer neigh
bors. their wives and daughters, with desire 10
emulate and initiate
In cit, the temptation 10 indulgence is in.
ces.ant because almost every object OF desire IS
in market, and desire itself is infamcd moi only
by opportunity but BY rivalry.
II is this great display q @ealn anu luxury III
cities, which has Caused the popular error ,hal
they are the peculiar abudes Of wealth ani pros
periiy; and thai the States where they abound are
more hourishns than Others. The world Is
that The very circumstances which have gwen 10
cities character Tor riches, should be the CAUSES
of that poverty whose actual existence has been
u oven. For Inc practice u extravaganza IS mol
confined 10 he flch bu extends TO every class o.
city he For in every class there are flVats
s,fugslin. wilh each other 10 make Tue oes! ap-
pcarance, aad hc distinctions 81 ciaN> are 50
ntistincl as Ia make each one ambitious 81
eoualIinc lis immediate superior In word, The
co.oinian OF fashion is Tar more Gespotc anu up-
p!essive in city ihan in country lie. EVth ne
poor sempsiIes>, who bends over ntr YORK du;ih2
The l. iious hours OF day, and Tar INTO me nIeh'
II earn : mcagre subsistence unill dimness gain
efs IN her eye, and distortion aslens On her form,
even she pays from her scaniy earnings TIE III
| butte cxacted by fashion, and arrays herself in
60 tune as coniormablc 10 The prevailing mode
as her means car make II Blu il the county,
where people do no, live under each others OBJ
scrvatiop and criticism continually, il is other
| wise. II is ony when visiting, or visited, maj
the occasion of display occurs, and the annual
expenditure is regulated accordingly. 1t istrue
that the average wealth Of the inhabitants oil
cities is generally greater thsn that oil ihc resi-
Of the people in The State, and almost equals
mat Of prosperous agricultural States. Blu,
his wealth is not the product Of city employ
0, PERSONS WHO have become rich in the coun-
,ry, and who res IT - the cities, because they
canno, carry on agricultural operations eXten
s,yeiy m the cuunlr, in free States This re.
suits from Inc hign price OF agricultural labor
IN the free States, and lis rregularlty. An m
| duslrious aborer Oh a fam soon acquires
enough money 10 buy small tract OF public
land and cmigrates 10 it. Hence farmer
N
finds il difficult to extend his operations
N the cunnlry resorts 10 commercial opc-
fa,iors auG -crs IN town. Even N, s. VINO
would prefer emai:i:g ~ The county, ana yr'
| IL sire 10 eujuy their fortunes IN sucl3 inirf-
course find II difficult 10 spend their leisure plea
| sanity IN the nri2nbuihcod, from lie want .! as
| snCiales al equal means, nc gfeai mass oeine
| the occupants 81 small farms, without selidns,
| and therefore laca the inca S o! performing The
| rites ol Hospitality, without arrangement q
| their domestic sy.leu>. The want then, oi So
| cely IN he country he opportunity ci investing
| large, in to@Is, me CHANCES VI acquiring sftd'
| fortunes by speculation, ana ire laclli'ies !ni
| gratifying our various appeleS which wealth
affords IN ci JOS al pirr 10 divert the wealth
| II the country II he iossn, in free States Even
| il Eos,on. ;uf instance il appears b. recent
enumeration tia, nearly twu-hiids .! The m
| habiiants were NOT born in the city: nearly
| tnr-haI arc natives OF Inc Uniun, most ~ them
| II course iron Massachusetts, ard the oihcr
| New Eaelanf S.aies. In iact. not quuc one.
| ,.nth The neonle II Boston, over lweny years
o; AGE. were born there. The total population oi
| Ro>,on in 1925, was d. 29S, ant in 1913, The
naive reputation instead OF being double was
| bu al ,076 80 thar shere has been 10 Ga,l'ai
lncrrase ii the population q Boston III ~ years,
| These acis afnri striking evidence, ho' only u
| he sources u Boston ~ediin, 6uI ~ me raPidHy
| wub which il Is wasted on it arrival. Beside,
the exiiavagant ant speculative habits oil cities,
! which waste their rssourcef We must adj INC
| enormous taxation TO which they arc subject.
| Tn. civ OF New York with lis iour-huaifed
| thousand peoplc is taxed tor the present year,
! abont three millions al dollars, sum when i
about ha! as much Is the taxes oi all Tie NJ
I. en- Southern STATES combined.
gu;lhe mos, disastrous and appalling conse-
alences OF cit: avocations, Is me waste VI hn-
msu life. In Inc CITY ci New York. the dea'hs
asst wear exceeded $4,000, Or one person oul "i
.yery ~ MY eight, and II was year OF no IN
common mortality for that place. Tue great
Gonaii,y III The eastern cities is supposed To De-
ung chiefly 10 the e'nigfant population. bu' mn
i II n the case In 1886 when The deaths wereSoU9
- New York oniy a lille over one fourth were
oresn; and thai mus. have been about The pro-
poTtau OF thar population. In l64I The deaths
Ia the civ OF New York were Is, 7S8, Of whom
oaly 5,ll2 were foreigners, although The mor'ai''
y o taat year vas increased by the ship lever,
which very fatal 10 emgfan's. Inc asd1hs
week teiorc las, were 2s6, Of which lCS, or more
inan one-rhiTd were foreign. aud tie proportion
.. ina, population is nov much mere than one
lh,rd. The mortality Of n. York is much great.
cr than il seems; because being 50 largely emf
giant from he Interior and rom abroad, The pro-
A. ,tat sion tE NJ IL
cr lhaa ordinary, and among adults mortality IS
M, near 81 great as among children. New York
ma SO, 600 children less than her share.
In The las tweniy years The population oi New
York has nearly doubled, but rs mortality has
nearly uebled.
According 10 an official statements OF the 7,l-
ration of human lie in he several avocaIons IN
Massachusetts in lS47, itappears that The ave-
rage OF
aoriculturalisls is "a IA years.
Merchants 1920
n. ricc 1919