davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1849-05-17
APPOINTMENTS.

Commissioner of Patents Thomas Ew6ank,
of New York, has been appointed Commissioner
of Patents in place of Edmund Burke, of N. H.,
removed A very good change: Burke unscru-
pulousy abused the privileges of the station TO
sustain the South Carolina notions of free trade,
and SO far of course he was a servant of British
interests rather than our own. Mr. Ewbank is
practical mechanic, and one of the best informed
men in the world as to the history and philosophy
of invention, and TO that extent Is admirably
qualified for the station. We hope he will sue
coed in every branch of his laborious and i'm
portant duties as Commissioner.
Pos,masters appointed. Charles Lyman, Mont
pelier, vice George Reed removed. Mr. !. is
well known in this vicinity as Wing; Mr.. X.
is on the other side, and has had the office five
years, if we remember correctly, having been
appointed under John Tyler's administration.
Merrck Mansfield, Barton, vice WIN. Graves
removed.
Appointments by The U. S. Marshal for Yer
mont. The following Deputy Marshals have
been appointed, to wit:
Addison County David S. Church.
Chlttenden County-Ira Shattuck.
WASHINGTON, Nay IL.
Appointments. New York appointments
are made:
For Collector Hugh Maxwell.
For Postmaster William V. Brady.
For Sub Trtasurer-John Young.
| William. H. Mitchell, brother to the Irish pa
triot, has been appointed to cerkshp in the
home department, by Mr. Ewing.
More appointments will be made early next
week, among them that Of Governor Kent, OF
Maine, as consul to Rio Janeiro
Major Scott at the New York Navy Yard is
found 10 be defaulter to the amount of $780,
000 He has been the Navy Agent here tor
fourteen years. Speculation is assigned us the
cause of his embeZz ing
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1849-05-17
SLAVERY IN CALIFORNIA.

0Cj% In the late news from California, IL is sta
ted that the elections to torn provisional Con,
stituton had taken place, and that meetings nee
been held TO express public opinion on The SUB
ject of slavery. There tOdS a unanimous Sent'-
ment against SLAVE labor.
That's the right sort OF talk and action. Cal
ifornia will adopt tree constitution, and even
the ultra slavocrats of the South cannot object
to admitting her as free State-ior their doc
trine is that Slavery is domestic institution, I'm.
der the exclusive control OF the people of the
gtates or territories. In this mode, Slavery tpiH
be excluded from the new territory, in all human
probability. But suppose it is not; suppose the
Wimot provso will be required of Congress /:
the anti slavery STATES constitute a large majority
in the House, and with Delaware Whose new
there is ujorty in the Senate without count
ing any other votes from the slave States. Now
if the Locolocos of the North are sincere in
their new born free-soilism, the slavery question
is to a moral certainty settled. The Wings of
the North are, as they have long been, right
We say, if the Locos are honest and prove faith
full this question is settled, and the people of the
North are at liberty 10 dissolve the Liberty par
~ and range themselves for a renewal of the TO,
litcal conflict between Wing and Locofoco pol
i,y. If they are not honest, the only coalition
that the tune demands would. be betv cen the
Wings and Liberty men.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1849-05-17
CALIFORNIA.

.9rriunl OF California Gold The ship Form
osa, which arrived at New Bedford IN Friday,
from the Sandwich islands, Dec. %, brings
$500 in gold to Samuel P. Morse g. Co; and
$500 to Deming Jarvis, Of Boston. The Mer-
curry adds:
"Since the arrival of Inc Falcon, wholer at
this port, few days since, it leaked out That the
cook, who was shipped at Honolulu, brought
with him $4,000 in gold dust Keeping his
own secret until the entry at the Gus ON House
yesterday compelled lis disclosure. it was gath
cred by lis fortunate possessor at the pacers In
California, during the past ycar."
The whale ship, Uncas, at New Bedford, from
The Pacific, is stated 10 have 0,000 in gold dust
on board.
Coming Back. Many of the California emil
grants, on arriving at Independence, Missouri,
became discouraged with the prospect Of get
ting across the Plains, and are returning. The
teams of many were worn down upon their arri-
val at the rendezvous, and the difficulty OF pro-
curing forage for them very great
O. Mr.. Buchanan, the only survivor Of a
company OF seven, which left New York for CAL
iornla by the Mexican route, has arrived at New
Orleans by the steamer HeizeI. His comrades
all persisted.
o. The New Orleans Delta contains letter
from Roma, Mexico, IN which the writer says That
all the adventurers he has met, including Col.
Webbs party, are heartily tired Of Their journey !;
but that they are ashamed to give it up so, and
therefore press onward.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1849-05-17
THE CHOLERA.

Cholera in Louisville. This disease is still
confined to the neighborhood in which it first
made its appearance. Campbell, whom we
mentioned yesterday morning as still living on
the pre- ceding evening, died during the night
Since, five new cases have occurred, three of
which, two men and one woman. had proved ia
tai up to last evening. One of them was deck
hand on the Major Barbour; the other was a
German who got drunk day before yesterday as
preventative for cholera. The public tboro'-
fares as well as many Of the dwellings, in the
injected district are in n most filthy condition,
but we notice that the CITY authorities and the
occupants have commenced thorough removal
ton.-Journdi, Sd.
The same paper cautions its readers against
the of fresh fish, which it says are more
poisonous than arsenic where the cholera pre-
walls.
The Cholera. 1t is stated that brig from
New Orlears Tor Europe, name not given, put
into 81. Josephs Florida, about three weeks
since, with all her crew dead Of cholera, save
the captain and cook.
CINcrNNAri, May 18th. The Board of Health
met to-day and report so new cases and five
deaths of cholera since yesterday noon-a large
increase.
portion Of the Board, think. however, that
half Of the cases are nothing but diarthea.
In st. Louis, the Cholera is on the increase.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1849-05-17
VERMONT wATCHMAN &sfzTE JOUR-
RAILROADS, &c,

Vermont Central Railroad The Green Noun.
tain freeman remarked last week that the re-
ceipts OF the road now amount to about six per
cent on the cost We understand that this
statement is correct The receipts for the month
OF March amounted to S0,707 05, and for the
month Of April exceeded $4,000. During these
months the road has been in operation to Wind
sor, running two passenger trains each way dali
ly Sundays cxcepted) to White River, and one
TO Windsor. The total cost Of this part of the
Dad, including furniture sufficient to stock the
road to Montpelier, aud the machine shop which
is sufficient for the whole road, does not exceed
two millions, of which six per cent. is $4,000,
requiring exactly $4,000 per month. Such are
the facts, and they exceed our anticipalions al.
together The road really is and has been do
ing lit.e more than the local business of the Sec
ton through which it runs, having as yet reach.
connections which ore relied upon to give the
road large through business AS yet, we re-
peat, the road has beeu almost entirely limited
10 the local business, which we have been accus.
toned to estimate as sufficient to pay the cxpen-
ses Of the road leaving the through business for
profit. The local business does better than that,
by good deal, and in our judgment warrants
strong confidence that the high expectations of
the stockholders will be fully realized when the
original project in all its parts is perfected. The
first step is to reach Montpelier, and it nothing
occurs to defeat the arrangements now mnde, the
road will lie opened TO this place by. the middle
OF June, or in one month from this time. From
this point two trains daily each way will be run,
over both of the lower routes through TO Boston,
adding TO tho accommodation of the public, and
doubtless increasing the business Of the road
The ne,t point is Waterbury, and then to Bur-
lington which the Company expects to reach
during the present year. This will bring the
Central road in connection with Lake Champlain
but beyond this lie the most important tributa-
res to its through business mean, of course,
The Vermont and Canada and The Ogdensburgh
roads. The Vermont and Canada is to be push
ed the present season, contracts for grading the
road, bridging Msslsqnoi bay, and tor various
materials having already been made. The Og-
densburgh is going ahead, and will be compile
ted as soon as The Vermont and Canada. Then
it will be time 10 begin to figure up ana see
whether the realty is to come up to the esti-
mates of profit on the capital invested. The
prospect, to say the least, now promises exceed
ingly well.
Ieiegraphic Co.-The first assessment on the
stock of the Telegraphic Co., from Boston to
Burlington, via Montpelier, has been made pay
able on The 18th instant.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1849-05-17
THE Public Lands. The subject of land m

The Public Lands. The subject of land mo-
nopoly has excited considerable attention IN va
Iious sections OF the country, particularly at the
West. Throughout the entire West, immense
tracts of land may be met with in an uncutlva-
ted and unImproved state, which are owned by
wealthy men IN distant cities, and even IN Eu-
rope who intend to let them lie IN this condition
until the improved state Of the country around
has advanced their value. There can be no
more effectual drawback to. the growth aud pros
perty of that portion of the country, than thus
keeping the lands out of the possession OF actu-
al settlers. Most certainly some measure should
be devised to remedy this evil. Inc most APP
parent remedy is The prohibition oil the sale OF
The public lands in large tracts to single ihdIvld-
uals or TO corporations. Heretofore, grants OF
the public land to a very large extent have been
made by Government TO persons ana assocla-
tions In Wisconsin, one OF the Elghsh hooii-
nv Inns purchased, within the last two years, a
s,4ogle tract of 10000 acres. Such system
viii soon establish in this country landed aris-
,nc,acv ns odous as that which now exists in
| Enrone The public lands should be sold only 10
sc,ual settlers aud in such quantities only as
are sufficient Tor their reasonable wants. The
interests of a Republican Government require
that as many of its CITIZENS us possible should De
Landowners. This alone Will ensure general
prosperi,y, elevate the condition OF the masses,
and bind them together IN strong ana ardeht at
tachmeut to the country and lis INSTITUTIONS IL
The lands at the West fall into the hands oil
snecula,ing capitalists, il IL Impossible 10 doubt
,bnt serious calamities will ensue. we trust
,ba, lie aiIeu,ion OF Congress may be called 10
,h,s subiect at It's next session, ana that some
+ s,ntary regulations will BIS adopted In regard IL
the disposition Of the public lands.-Bos. 1fap
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1849-05-17
EDITORS TABLE.

Godey's Lady's Book Philadelphia, l.. A. Co
dcy, publisher, Sarah j. Hale, Grace Green
wood aud l.. A Cooley, editors.
The June number is the last of volume 80,
and quite rich in matter and illustrations. AS
this is favorable time for new subscribers to
commence, we repeat the commentator of the
Ladys Book heretofore given. For the variety
OF illustrations and articles, particularly such Il s
are of practical and useful character, this mag
azine is altogether superior to any other. The
publisher promises to make the next volume even
better than its predecessors. SO in advance will
pay for two volumes ZONE year, OF the Lady's
Book and also for the J.ady's Dollar Newspaper.
Lneips Living Age. Contents of No. 26l for
May 10: Letter to Young Married Lady, Ma
cuulay's History of England from BIockwoo6,
Lizzie Wilson, Popular Medical Errors, Night
Funeral of Slave, Magnetism among the Sha-
kers and various short articles.
1ytler's Unirersal History. No. 5 OF T. Wi
ley, Jr.'s (}oston,) handsome reprint has been
received
THE World as il .Mores Six weeks campaign
in the Kabylie, An adventure ina Cemetery, An
cient Literature in the East, the Gold Seekers,
Ross's Adventures on The Oregon River, A Gu
risity in Literature, and half a dozen articles
from Chombers's Edinburgh Journal, are the con-
tents Of No. z.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1849-05-17
Prospects of the next Clip.

The Wool Grower contains a communication
over The signature Of r. L. on this subject.
In regard to the prospect OF the "next clip" in
Maine, we can tell him it viii be uery small
one.
The sheep have depnried from our borders
We know Of some neighborhoods wbere few
years ago, you could find thousand sheep;
now you will not find enough there to supply
sufficient wool TO make stocking yarn TO furnish
that same neighborhood
We can take you into towns where, a few
years ago, the woolIen factories were buzzlng
night and day, and giving profitable employment
10 hundreds OF industrious hands; now the spin
dies are rusting in idieness and the workincn
dispersed. Even those mills that are in opera
ton, turn slowly and every revolution Of the
wheel mourus doleiuy of hard times.
| Such is the prospect Of the "neXt clip" III
Maine. These are facts. We say nothing of
the causes
The writer of the above alluded TO es mates
from the statistics and other data of 1910, that
there will be in 1850, thirty millions of sheep in
the United States, and that the clip of that year
will be seventy millions of pounds, and thai the
clip of this sping l649) will be Sirty millions of
pounds. lie thinks not over one fifth OF this
viii he worked up at home, and that there will
be- therefore, upwards Of fifty three millions for
the uanulactu err.
thinks that the old stock Of wool will be pretty
well worked up; that the Imports will be about
fifteen millions OF pounds, or sny twenty millions.
This, with The clip, deduc,ing what will be
worked up at home, viii give seventy millions
for the manufacturer, lie then estimates the
number OF woolen factories in the United States
at fifteen Hundred; aud allowing only two sets
Of machinery to each factory, they will require
ttoo hundrea and tceniy fire thousand pounds per
day. They Will thus work up SIXTY eight mil
f lions during the year, thereby leaving surplus
of TWO millions Tor tee tOay and parialion," as
sailor would say.
According to the above calculations, it is
probable that the clip will all be wanted at home
but the price, as every one knows, must depend
, upon the price OF fabrics and the condition OF the
money market.
Without trenchng on political ground, we
b presume we may be allowed 10 say, that it is
unfortunate that the price is regul led by the
T. gents OF The English manufacturers Instead OF
having a home valuation to be attached to for.
= elgn fabrics which pay an ad uaiorem duty
u that is, duty according 10 its value, the value
a is sworn to by foreign agents as il is in hei,
q country, not in ours and abundant experience
e proves that they consider custom house oath a
. mere farce, aud the taking false one there, the
least helnous and most pardonabe of all mor,u
sns.-.ie. Farmer.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1849-05-17

Fruit Trees. Two objections to fruit trees in
gardens and yards are commonly made to wit,
either that the trees grow too rapidly, become
bark bound and die, Or if they thrive, the boys
steal all the fruit. TO remedy the first, careful
ly scrape off the rough loose bark and moss in
the springs and then paint the trees, as high
as you can reach with whlte-wash brush,
with paiit mixed in the following proportions:
5 lbs. whale oil soaplson'non soap probably will
do,) ID. fiae salt lib. fine sand, 2 pounds pot
ash, andy o.. sioHss,of soda, mixed with water
to the consistency of cream. Repeat this paint
ing in rpidsnrnmer. To do away with the other
objection, let every body plant trees and be lib
cral with their fruit. This is the fashion in some
of the European States, where even the roads
are lined with fine fruits of every variety, and
travellers are expected to help themselves. If
you have an old and worthless apple or plum
tree, or vigorous shoots springing from them,
don't cut them up or neglect them, but jus, spend
an hour or two at the right season in cngrafiing
good fruit upon them.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1849-05-17
Foreign, Nous.
by Express and Magnetic Telegraph for the Boston alas
Arrival of the Hibernia at Halifax.
ONE WEEK LATER FROM EUROPE
ST JouN NJ r.
ST. JOHN, N. j., I
Nav 10th. 10 O'Clock. A, nj.

ST.. JoHN, N. b.,
May 10th, 10 o'clock, A. M.
The Royal Mail Steamship Iibernia, Captain
Stone, from Liverpool, with 43 passengers for
Boston, arrived at Halifax about s o'clock last
evening, bringing London papers 10 the morning
Of April 9th, aud Liverpool of the 2Sth her
day of sailing.
The amount of specie by the Hibernia is sta
ted 10 be GS3 600.
The fate Of the navigation laws is sealed.
majority Of 81 has been obtained upon the third
reading of the bill in the House Of Commons E;
1t is not likely TO be rejected by the Lords.
lloslilics between Denmark and Prussia con.
tinuo to be wagcd without any preponderance on
either side likely to affect the eventual issue.
The German troops entered Jutland In consider
able force on The 10Th ult.
France continues tranquil. The expedition
in aid of the Pope sailed on the 22d, and on it's
arrival at Cva Vecha would proceed lmmedi-
ately to Rome. The Pope will remain at Gaeta
until the temper of his revoled subjects is ascer-
tanned.
Sardinia rejects the terms offered by Austria,
and the two Governments are again at ISSUE
The PIedmoutese Ministers have given fresh di-
reclions to the War Department, to prepare for
the immediate resumption OF hostllities, Tor
an event likely to occur.
The international condition Of Germany is
distracted III the extreme. Al partleS are ut IS
sue, aud the probability of speedy adjustment
appears to be as far removed as ever.
Austria continues to be foed in Hungary
The accounts from the seat of war are So con-
iicling, that little reliance can be placed upon
them.
The fortunes between Naples and Sicily still
continue to be adverse for The SIclll0ns. In ad-
dition to Cstanin, Noto has surrendered TO the
Neapouans. Palermo, it is said, has proposed
to capituatc.
| Father Matthew, it is said, will positively sail
for New York in the Ashburton, on the % May.
LIVERPOOL, April 2Slh.- Commercial and Mon.
eiary Considering the actual position of cont-
mental affairs, the public securities have been
firm since the departure Of the last steamer; but
mercantile operations have been dull languld
and unsatisfactory. In Manchester, and through
out the manufacturing districts generally, feel
ing OF depression largely prevails. The conlin-
uance Of the war between Prussia and Denmark,
and the threatening aspect O! political affairs IN
Germany, having the effect OF cutting oil orders
! from those quarters.
Advlces from France are dispiritug, and the
trade Of the continent generally is nearly at a
sland-stlll.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1849-05-17
The Difference. In Tennessee the Locofoc

The Difference. = In Tennessee the Locofoco
" brethren" Of the Patriot Junto are openly for
notification or dlsunion in case the Wilmot pro.
vso succeeds. Far different from this is the Ian.
guage Of the Wigs far more patriotc it is too.
Position Of Whig Candidate in Tennessee. -
Gov. NEIL 5. BRowN of Tenn. addressed the
recent Wing Convention at Nashville, bv which
he was nominated for reelection in speech of
some length, in which was The following
He was in favor Of the institutions at the
South, but he valued the Union above every
thing else. lie deprecated the fanaticism that
seeks to array one portion of this glorious Union
against another; was opposed to the proposition
made IN some quarters OF non-in,ercourse with
the North in case Of the Wilmot Proviso said
he icoAd mol gire one foot OF ground on Bunker
HH, or Saratoga, or Yorktown, for all The land
tceSt OF The Rio Grande, though The hills tcere
studded with gold, and all the valleys filled ,ciih
Slaves. lie was opposed to those who would de-
ny the Southern people their rights IN the newly
acquired territories, and thought that in the
present threatening aspect of things u compro.
mise should be made; but he tVas for the Union
AT ALL HAzARps--for the South So long as he
could be, consistently with the preservation Of
the Union, but for The Union at all euents.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1849-05-17

Connecticut Election of Stute O6icers.-A gree
bly, to the resolutions passed on Wednesday by
both houses, they met IN Convention on Thurs
day morning, at ten O'Clock, for the purpose OF
choosing State officers for the year ensuing -
On proceeding to ballot Tor Governor, there
were cast 232 votes, OF which Hon. Joseph
Trumbull, (Whig) received y, and was de.
CARED elected. For Lieut.. Governor, 240 votes
were cast, Of which Henry ID. Smith, (Dem.l re-
ceved l2l and was declared elected. For
Secretary Of State, 239 votes were cast ofwhich
Roger II. Mills, (Wmg,) received 1913, and was
declared elected. For Comptroller, PAL votes
were cast OF which Abijah Catlin, (Whig,) re.
cclved 1872 and was declared elected.
OF the twenty one members claimed as Free
Solers, eleren voted tor ilr, Seymour, the candl.
date IN every respect obnoxious to sincere Free
Soil men, while only one voted for Mr.. Trumbul
Of the remainder, SIX put in blank votes, aud
three did not vote.
hr TrumbuIPs majority, under the circum
stances, may be considered a handsome one, and
upon the result it viii be needless for us to con.
graduate the Wings throughout the State. We
were defeated only IN our candidate for Treas
urer, the remainder Of the Wing State Ticket
beipg elected HWiford Courant
The Governor delivered The usua. Inaugural
address IN the afternoon. A large portion o
this document is devoted 10 he discussion OF The
question ofslavery, in which the Governor take.
strong Northern ground. The following is al
extract from this portion OF the message.
Whatever differences OF opinion there may
be among US, as TO slavery within It's presen
boundaries; or as 10 the measures respecting 1t
which we ought to adopt; or however much We
nay feel ourselves bound to submit to It's perpe
tulty, within il present limits, we can rever con
sent TO It's extension into any portion of our coun
try, where it has hitherto been carefully prohlb
tied. 10 do this, we do not feel ourselves bound
either us civilians or as morasts and | deem /
matter OF devout gratitude to that being wh'
controlleth the hearts OF men, that this sentimen
has become among US SO universal"
The remainder OF The document, which ia short
is devoted TO State affairs.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1849-05-17
The Protective Policy favorable
to Freedom.

The South Carolina State Banner laments the
establishment of manufactures at the South, ana
demonstrates in long and bitter article isays
the A,las,) the phh of which is contained in the
following paragraph:
awe regard every factory established at the
South as fatal blow struck at Free Trade, and
if This s not also a covert blow at the institution
of slavery ITSELF we shall be ogreeaby disap-
pointed"
Aye: blow at Slavery indeed, and blow OF
locofocoism is getting mealy.moulhed about
free soiIism at the North it is yet going the
whole figure in favor of the Slavocratlc doc
trne of Free Trade. See the creed of the Wis
consin coalition.