The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1849-06-16
MISCELLANEOUS.


For than century the kingdom of Hungary
although enjoying separate legislation, retaining in fac
her own ancient system OF laws, and recognising onl
the sovereignty OF the house of Hapsburg has in great
measure merged her nationality in that of the Austrian
empire She has thus lost her place, natlon in the
chronicles OF the modern historian the character OF her
people, her position, and her social and commercial re-
lations, no longer familiar to the memories OF the
present generation. Since the commencement of the
European revolution, however, her situation different
Leading the victorious vanguard of the armies OF repub
cansm, she fights with the eyes of the world upon her,
holding the hopes OF other the fate OF other strg
giles, dependent upon her own While she continues 10
keep at bay the vast forces pressing upon her frontiers,
let take brief glance at her position and the
sources she can command to meet the coming necessity.
The geographical extent OF Hungary including the
cent dependencies of Transyyana and Croatia and that
collection OF different tribes organized under peculiar
system as military frontier between her domnions and
Turkey, more than equals that OF Austria with all her
remaining provinces of Bohemia, Gacia Tyrol, Lombar
dy, and Venice The traveller who approaches Vienna
from the north, sees at one glance from the sIopng
heights which conduct him TO the Danube the imperial
city at his feet the spires of Hungarian Presburg the
horizon, and the ouposts of the Capathan range far
away to the northeast From the river March-the Aus
an frontier north OF the Danubea days forced march
would take an army to the walls of Vienna The bound
airy line extends nearly to Cracow the NORTH follow
ing the course OF the Carpahans they eastward
like grand natural arc resisting the pressure OF AUS
STA. South OF the Danube it runs to the southwest in
Irregular line, closely approaching the great highway
head of the gulf of Fiume. The Danube, sweeping to
the east for about seventy miles after leaving Presburg
turns abruptly the south at Wailzen the scene of
late glorious Hungarian vctory,) and, parting the rival
cities of Pesh and Oen, passes through the heart of the
kingdom AT the fortress of Peterwaradn, which is TO
the Danube what Ehrenbresein is to The Rine. again
resumes its easery COURSE striking the Turkish frontier
at Belgrade and skirting Pennsylvania till within hun
dred miles of the Black sea.
The central region of Hungary stretching out from the
Carpathians to the Danube in vast steppes which are
drained by the Thesis and its myriad tributaries is moi
surpassed soil and climate by any other part of Europe
1t yields in grea. abundance all the products of the tenn
perale zone, with Others common to Italy and southern
France The harvess of grain are abundant and certain
The plains projected from the cold winds of the north
by mountain range 5000 feet in height, while the hot
blasts of the south tempered before they reach the
Danube, in the defes of the Balkan and the mmeasure
able forests OF Servla Hungary thus produces within
her own borders, even under. the imperfect system OF
hundred years. all that is necessary to her susie
The valleys of the Carpahians support number
less focks Of sheep goats and cae the central table
land, watered by SIX hundred streams brings FORTH with
little labor, wheat rye, maize, barley and all kinds Of
vegetables; the hills bordering the Danube yield
annually twenty-five million gallons OF wine, among
them the renowned IOkay; while the marshes in some
of the southern districts successfully used in the
cultivation of rice The climate, more mild and equable
than that OF Germany, is the heacst in Europe one
proof of which shown in the sturdy frames and strong
physical energies of the inhabitants, whose mode of life
also tends materially TO preserve the stamina of the race
The mineral wealth OF Hungary yet very imperfect
" explored promises to develop lnexhaustbe resources
Of industry and profit The Carpahan district Inhabited
by that bran oh the Sclav0nc knOwnas the SOwaks
and some Germans who connected with the mining
is rich in the precious well the ruder
and more necessary metals Gold is abundant in some
localities in the mines of the Ural, whence Russia
draws her fabulous wealth; veins OF silver and copper
of unusual richess frequently met with and the wan
derng apdary picks up the unraveed recesses Of the
the emerald the acnth and the radiant opal
Mines of rock salt, sulphur, and sapere on the one
hand and "copper" iron, and the other, need but
labor enterprise and proper encouragement from gov
enmeDt rank among the most profitable in Europe and
vast beds of coal which might supply tue disforested
Orient" still lie untouched 1t is marvel that Austria
should have endeavored TO bring such country under
the yoke of her gaspng monopoly of trade and oppres-
sve internal customs, that Russia should seize on any
pretex to take up the quarrel with 1ar-reachng nope
for the lions share,
The kingdom of Hungary, with Pennsylvania and Gro
alta, about 10000 square miles, and supports
population reckoned at about 10000 The country IS
less densey populated than Austria in fact, portions OF 1t
still retain the original forests, in which the DEER bear
and wild boar are hunted by the native nob emen But
deducting from the remaining population OF austria the
on whose support she cannot rely it will be seen that IN
numerical strength Hungary falls little short of being her
equal The difference OF races, and the consequent hos
tty of blood between different portions OF the Hungarian
people, are, however, influences which prevent the coun
try present from displaying its full power whether
the more imminent danger which threatens IT, VIII Grace
for the time these jealouses and unite all raernay IN
common struggle, question whose favorable solution
is earnestly to be desired
The Magyars constitute the original Hungarian stock,
whose chiefs founded the Kingdom thousand years ago,
and in whose hands the governing power has always re-
NAMED They sprung from the same MongOlian origin
as the Turks, their near neighbours whose language
strongly resembles their They received the name
of Ungrt from the Scavonic tribes whom, in the tenth
century they dspossessed of the fertile plains OF the Dan
ube This title taken up by the Germans and under
il they became famous nation. The Magyars, who
number about $780, 600 SOULS still nabt the generous
soil which attracted them from the east and one OF
their cities, Debreczin, is the temporary capital OF
Hungary.
The Scavonic tribes hold all the mountainous districts,
and are estimated collectively at 100000, divided be,
tween Croatia on the south, embracing the seaport OF
Fiume, the Slowaks among the Carpathians, and the
Seekers Bugarans, Servans, and other small groups
inhab the rich, wooded and billy province OF Transyl-
vania east of the Carpathians, whittier they emgraed IN
the twelfth century, and where they still preserve the
language and of the Rhine surrounded na sides
ny the Magyar and Scavonc races No country IN me
World holds within uninterrupted boundary and under
a single civil system, many striking contrasts OF IAN
guage and blood
The same which have operated to prevent the
advance Of the Hungarans IN all modern arts nave also
contributed 10 preserve, in spite oil persecution ad IN
trgue the ancient balance of sects in religious view
The Magyars embraced Christianity soon after their SET
Element on the Danube and for centuries kept the nde OF
Turkish invasion from flowing upon Western Europe
At the time of the Reformation the greater part OF neh
went over to the Protesants, conneXlon with the Ter
mans of the Pennsylvania and some OF Scavonc triDes
The PROMOTION now stands Professionals five and nal
millions, Catholics nearly five millions, and members o.
the Greek Church about two millions. The unjust perse
cuon of the Pedestrians by the power at Vienna is among
the wrongs which Hungary is now so vaantly avengng
We have said that Hungary is still in the beginning
No. Her but Yesterday re