The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1849-07-30


Translated from an article published in the Ammonia
Social Of Gusdslsjsra
artcie which of the greatest possible interest aud
gives description Of the climate fertility or rather
historical facts. considered from Mexican point of
view Audi ct aiteram partem. EprroR HERAlp1
the Snowy Mountains, that run In the direction Of
N r. w. Nobody can form an idea Of the immense
average not more than TIVE out Of hundred find any
thing and even If found. cannot get it with the
nSsSs was SUPPOSE VIZ Win .ne point NJ
three yards varas broad and one vaa or more deep,
working with crowbars on hard soil, and sometimes
In water till up to the knees, shiverng with cold just
rs in any other mine. Only strong men, who are &C
customed to this kind Of labor able to bear it, and
lucky 1t does not pay them for the largest
piece have seen did not contain more than about sl2
worth OF gold and that out of an immense heap Oh
earth. Nor describe the sunerugs and priva-
tions Of those who go to the placers If you leave
weight Of luggage S. and then for the rest Of the
route distance Of 25 leagues as miles) you have to
Is $a5 and luggage sii hundred weight, besides 81
a pound till you reach the placers This is a heavy
sixty who have to take with food for six weeks
Those who 60 by land have to buy for the transport
which rsanre each pai yunta Of oxen that cost
nom $500 to $3.50 pair Horses worth at home S14
to San Francisco and the psosrs Of stanisaas SO
leagues GAO miles). Not rancho Is to be found du
ring The whole way except the Rancho de los Positos
water and food for and cattle who both have
to pick their way between frequent patches Of deep
sand Many horses and drowned in the rivers
of San Joaquin and Stansaus, and have seen men Of
considerable wealth in the greatest despair at tbs
breaking Of u wheel or similar accident. On The
for TIE reach the placers to lose all people aud
work for nothing, amidst rocks thrown about by q
At this date l2sth of Apr) there may be at the
mines say $4,000 people, OF which there are to my
opinion
4Ooo Peru Chilli San Luis, and Central America;
1000 spaoiards English, French, &C.;
1000 Californisns;
5000 Americans;
OF these there are
goo engaged in building cars or other labor
1900 F" in business;
2 600 gamblers and drunkards;
5000 who work In the Mines each Of whom does not
work than four days week, at an as tho
population 10 very migratory and absent themselves
push on to the Altar del sacriacio each of whom is
sompeilsd to be his own driver, cook &c, sc.
The Americans have row got the country, and with
1t large field for the displaying of talent and enter
prise The enlightened will be aware that If it would
have been possible to make anything out of it, the
missionaries would have tried it. who possessed Of
many and wisdom easily could have founded
village and farms they have done anywhere else
1t is true they not allowed to work the mines,
but they knew Of the existence Of valuable subsraum
as there proofs In e1tence ofits havingbeen used
In the groundworks Of different buildings.
The possession OF California by the United States will
be highly advantageous to South aud Central America.
well rs to the inhabitants Of the Mexican ports Of
the Pacific. IL may prove injurious to the Chilian
Republic II the Americans should make San Fran
her foreign trade; but Chill owing to her fertility aud
high state Of agriculture wsud send much Of her
TO California well as Goals, OF which there rich
mines. The trade Of Central America wond increase.
The Mexican ports on the Pacific would get the pro-
duce Of Europe and Asia much cheaper and owing to
thsr vicinity could compete with any other port in
the OFT Of grain which would be Of the greatest adj
vantage to cur States Of Jaisco snaloa and Janara
winners; the former through great export Of her
timber. and the second through that of her Goals,
This Is my candid opinion on the country, and !
believe to be correct notwithstanding my limited
knowledge (modestyD and, At at all events, time will
sndeceive the blind.
Manifesto OF the Legislative Assembly at
San Eraosisco.
The Committee appointed by the speaker under re-
solution Of this house to draw up and submit an at
fully &c submit the within to the consideration OF
this body
The Legislative Assembly, in behalf OF the people
they Represent would most earnestly but respectfully
address their fellow citizens Of California upon SUBJ
ject the first i'm porance to all as frsemen and
civilized human beings We would not thus trouble
you upon trivial occasions urge upon your consider
alton subjects light and unimportant In their charac
ter but in the opinion of this Assembly of thssc
periods has arrived In the course Of human affairs,
when people, claiming to be civilized aud free
called upos by every consideration Of justice to each
other and respect and yonernon for the institutions
of freedom under which they born to act promptly
The discovery the rich and ezhsutle.s gold mines
of California has in and Of itself produced strange
aud singular state OF things in this community, un
pAralleltd, perhaps In the annals Of mankind. We
have here In midst, mixed mass Of hunan beings
mar ners customs and opinions all however, i'm PEELED
onward by the feverish desire Of fortune
But pereer, anomalous may be the state Of po
pulaiion the state Of government II still
prscedented and alarming Weare In fact without 20
v.rpmeni-a eomniercsi, e,sllIsa An. yea psopae,
them In tho peaceful enjoyment OF thcse rights and
privileges inestmsble, bestowed upon them by thois
Greater and holden. by the fundamental principles Of
cur country to be inalierable and absolute.
For the irs time In the history ct the model repub
lie and perhaps in that Of any civilized government
the world. the OF nIted states
s~uting great nation Of more than twenty millions
OF fe,men have assumed the right not only TO tax
us without representation " but to tax US withous
giving W any government at all-thus making us feel
endure and bear, all the butthens OF government
without it's giving distant glimpse Of ts be-
Dedts. special and separate act was introduced In
the House Of Representatives, at the late session Of
CONGRESS by the Committee on Commerce, and subse-
queptly passed by both Houses ert ndins the
laws Of the United States California, and leaving
the hill 10 organize territorial government for tss
neglected people TO perish at tie close Of the session
In persons 81 the peopls 81 California have been
rrneipss the unjust violation OF which by the par
lament Of Great Britain. led 10 our spsrste aud inde
pendent existence, and which at this day constitute
the ba,s of cur liberties.
IL is not our purpose discuss at large, that most
unjust and arbitrary act OF the late Congress, but
briefly 20 refer TO the fact q show that while are
left 10 depend wholly aud entirely upon our osn re-
,ouIees ana s..r',1h , - a. n"s ls,,nrs 20
ind iced cothe protect aud govern .uraeves and az
one and the same time to pay tares In common Win
our fellow citizrns east 81 the mountains 70 supp1a
that gives them Laws and courts 70 enforce
those Laws. while We are TO receive nothing In return
for the money pay We are forced 10 bear the bur-
thens 81 government but the benefits where are they
wesre thus left -ihou, any government for our pro-
teetn and In the opinion Of this Assembly there ~
but Of two TO take, either TO resain in
state 81 perfect snarchy and confusion, or to form
government for ourlelyes
lave the % ope of California the rights that belong
20 asfuch' And II 90 have they The risht TO Ia.
sttuts governnept r Themselves, in the absence OF
any territorial organization By Congress' And NJ they
have the right to organize any government 81 alt what
,or, OF can they create and what sort ~
government do they rsquire' These are questions
which e cry sensible must ask and la Relations 10
which he must eek information. -
That the Congress 81 the United Ststes had snd su
has the right 70 extend the laws ~ the mother country
In the shape Of territorial -rgauzaon we do
net qussiior. But IL T. equally plain, that while the
United States refuse through the appropriate depart
ent 70 give us goyerpme nj at alt they sb1cste
for the time being the right ~ government here and
leave 10 rely upon the orgina tights that belong TO
human nature 70 institute govsrnment for oursclEes
We are throvn back upon tho~s srzlual and funda-
IL. L.Aa ILL