davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-06-28
IRON.

A friend writes from his Iron Works in Penn
sylvania follows:
"The late change in the iron business in Eng
land, fear, will stop all our establishments.
Our r. r. Companies nop able TO contract for
the English bar at S42 SO per ton, at which price it
cannot be manufactured in this country; and, al
though the quality Of the American bar is much
superior, yet they will all buy the English iron, un-
less furnished at the same price. This condition
Of things arises from the want Of continental de-
mand and hence their surplus stock is sent to our
market, and sold at any price that il will bring.
We have our Rolling Mill in operation, and every
thing works like charm, but shall not continue
long at work il English prices do not advance
We cannot reduce the labor iecer than it is nom,
and no good American ought to desire il. ! shall
write you, ere long, more fully upon this subject.
We manufacture now near to the English
prices that slight modification Of the tariff would
give us all that we desre''
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-06-28
THE POLICY OF NEUTRALITY AND
PEACE.

The Union, few days since, contained
leading article headed "An Age of Brass
and Brazen Face" Never was there a
more appropriate exordium to such an es-
say. In this article it alludes to a state.
ment made by our highly esteemed con-
temporary-the National Intelligencer-
to the effect that Count Bulow, Presi-
dent Gagem, and Nj. Duckwitz, had ex-
pressed their satisfaction with the course
adopted by the Secretary of State and the
Administration. To this the Union re
plies:
every likely Mr. Clayton and the Cabinet play
ed directly into their hands In their zeal 10 dis
grace the preceding Democratic administration.
and TO show to the struggling patriots Of Europe
that they had nothing TO expect from the friendship
Of the American Government, they had unwittngly
played into the hands Of the King OF Prussia in his
scheme to break up the German Empire, in the sue
cessful establishment Of which he saw an ultimate
confederated republic. Truly, both he and his
ministers should have been gratihed when they saw
their own grand scheme so efficiently aided by the
gross blunder Of the American Administration, com.
mitted in its zeal TO reflect upon its predecessor and
to discourage the popular cause IN Europe Be
sides, even IL they really had any particular desire
to build up a navy for Germany, monarchists as
they were and favor OF the old state Of things they
were willing to forego the lesser advantage for the
greater one, OF having the American Government
on their side against the popular movement, which
they had the greatest interest in suppressing"
These remarks prove one Of two things
that the Union has never read the CORE
spondence recently published between
Baron RoENNE and the Secretary of State,
or that it is guilty of wilful misrepresenta-
ton. The distinct allegation of the Union
in the same article that Messrs Bulow,
Gagern, and Duckwitz, were distinguish
ed ministers of the King of Prussia" be.
trays either gross inaccuracy of informa-
ton or gross audacity in misstatement.
of the latter quality we can never suspect
journal which rejoices so in moral issues
as the sole organ Of the Opposition.
President GAGERN minister of the King
of Prussial President GAGERN was the
president of the Frankfort Parliament, and
as such at the head of the Liberty party in
Germany. This is the noble patriot who,
with one hundred other true friends OF
German liberty, has now removed from
Frankfort on-the- Main to Stuttgart, in
Wrtemburg, where he stands almoA as
conspicuous as HANCOCK was in the days
Of our Revolution, at the head Of the party
defending popular rights.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-06-28

nj. DUCKwITz a minister OF the King
of Prussia M. DUcKwITz was the min
lister of Commerce and Marine Of the Ger
man Confederation--7ot the minister OF
the King of Prussia.
Both President GAGERN and M. Duck
WITT, as we'll as all other true friends Of
German rights who are known to have ex-
pressed themselves on the subject, have
declared that they entirely and highly APP
prove the course pursued by Mr.. CLAYTON,
under the neutral policy of the Administra-
ton This is not the approval the Presi-
dent sought comes unsolicited. He
desired only the appreciation of the Ameri-
can people. He has obtained not only
their appreciation, but thatof parties which
he did not solicit, because it is his duty to
execute the laws of his own country with
out reference to the favor with which his
policy may be received abroad If our
policy had been as odious to the German
authorities, as that of President WASHING
TON or that of Mr. Secretary JEFFERSON
was to Citizen GENET, that fact would not
have disturbed the course which President
TAYLOR and Mr.. Secretary CLAYTON felt
it their duty to adopt.
The policy of the Administration on one
great subject of national interest may be
stated in two brief phrases in our domes-
tic relations, concord-in our foreign rela-
tons, amity and neutrality. In the words
of an English philosophical statesman,
"The proposition is peace. Not peace
through the medium of war not peace to
be hunted through the labyrinth of intri-
cate and endless negotiation I; not peace to
arise out of universal discord, fomented
from principle in all parts of the empire !;
not peace to depend on the judicial de-
termination of perplexing questions, or the
precise marking of the shadowy bounda-
ries of a complex government. 1t is sim
pie peace sought in its natural course and
in its ordinary haunts. 1t is peace sought
IN the spirit of peace, and laid in princi-
Piles purely pacific"
If the Union is very solicitous to learn
our commission to proclaim this as the
policy of the Administration, it may con-
suit the first Alison letter, the inaugural of
President TAYLOR, and the correspondence
between Baron RoENNE and Mr.. CLAYTON,
in regard to the war steamer, the United
States.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-06-28
MICHIGAN.

The Wings have nominated, for Governor, john
A. Coz, of Coldwater Branch county; for State
printer, HUBBARD H. DUNcKLEE, of the Detroit
advertiser.
The name of JOHN OWEN, on this ticket, will be
hailed by the Wings of Michigan tower of
strength. He is one of the most eminent merchants
of the West, always devoted to his business,
wherein he has gained wide and honorable repu-
tation. He is gentleman who has grown with
the growth of his State, has held prominent place
for many years one of the regents of the univer-
sity, has made himself beloved and respected by all
who know him, who, if elected, will do more to
bring prosperity to that young State of Michigan
than any other in it. Mr.. Coz, the can
didate for Lieutenant Governor, has at various
times represented his district and county in the
Senate and House of Representatives. He is
lawyer by profession, well understands the nte-
rests of the State, and will prove an able ally to
the candidate for Governor if friend succeed in
securing his election. Mr.. DuNcKLRE, who is
candidate for Office never before elective in that
State, will receive, as he deserves, the full strength
of the Wing party. With such ticket, we are
confident that the Wings of Michigan will not be
easily defeated.
The Free-Soilers and Locofocos have nominated
for Governor, F. J. Flavious, Of Alegan; for Lieu
tenant Governor, Austin Blair, of Jackson and for
State printer, Erastus Hussey, of Calhoun.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-06-28

ameter, the fire tubes four feet in diameter, and the
lengths being "a feet
The following regulations were adopted, VIZ
The Goals were weighed out every twelve hours.
The clinkers and ashes were weighed every
twelve hours.
The temperature of the feed-water was taken
every hour, day and night.
The water was measured by metre into the
boilers, and the counters were taken every twelve
hours the counters of the engine being taken every
twelve hours also; for as the weight lifted by the
engine every stroke was the same, Its working
formed an admirable check upon the other observa-
tons.
! made severalexperiments upon the consumption
of fuel with different quantities of admitted into
the fue through the bridge, and the one recorded
was the best, each opening in this being equal
to nine square inches, in the aggregate 81 square
inches.
The two experiments recorded in detail were,
first, with three boilers toithout the furnace;
and secondly, the same boilers ,oith the new fur
mace.
The Goals used were small Newcastle Goals, of
inferior quality.
~. A,ypp rfare
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-06-28

We understand that, by new regula-
ton which has been adopted at the Phila-
delphia mint, with the concurrence of the
Secretary of the Treasury, and which is
to take effect on and after the first of July,
gold combined with silver will be parted
at such rates as will yield an increased
return to depositors. The California gold,
for example, will pay about half of one
per cent. more than heretofore, and the
return upon pale doubloons, Bechtler's
coins, and most of the gold of North Caro-
lima, will be somewhat greater.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-06-28

Since the Union is in the catechizing
vein, we suppose it is as ready to answer
as IT is to ask questions. Now, we have
a serious inquiry to put to the "sole or
gan" of Locofocoism at the seat of Gov
eminent. A few days since the Union
called President TAYLOR "Nero." Yes
terday, in its leading article, it called him
can honest old soldier" We wish to
know by which of these opinions il in
tends to stand.
If we know the particular Nero to whom
the Union refers, he was any thing but
can honest old soldier" He was an old
fiddler. He was an old debauchee He
was an old murderer. He kicked one of
his wives and killed her He caused an
other of them to be put to death. He as
sassinated his mother. He poisoned sun
dry of his friends and counseIlors All
this he did before he reached his thirty
first year, when he died by his own hand.
This is the gentleman of whom the Union
declares that Gen. TAYLOR is another of
the same kind.
We therefore call on the Union to ex-
plain. Did it call General TAYLOR Nero
in Pickwickian sense' Or is the Union
really under the impression that Nero was
Gan honest old soldierw We pause for a
reply.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-06-28
COPPER HARBoR MINING COMPANIES.

The Pittsburg and Isle Royal Company have
been in operation about three years. and are doing
good business They have mnde one shipment Of
Smelted Copper, and have more ready to ship.
Siscoroi Mining Company have about 30 men a,
work; they commenced this spring, and have made
small shipment Of Smeted Copper. The pros
poets Of these companies are very haltering.
Ohio and Isle Royal Company have employed
about twenty-five through the winter, and their
force viii be increased this summer. Minnesota Min
ing Company, on the south shore Of the island on
the Ontensgon river, are in successful operation
they are also to work in an ancient mine, and will
employ large force this summer. All the above
companies are doing profitable business. And,
although copper is not gold it is thought that il will
prove full ssprohnbIe to the "dggers," AZ the gold
mines OF California TO the dffsrs.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-06-28
LAP-wELDEp IRON TUBES.

Job Cutler, Of Birmingham, civil engineer, for
certain improvements IN Yielded iron pipes tubes 10
be used as the fues Of mboiiers-Granted Janu-
airy l3-Enrolled July l3 lS4S.
The object of the patentee is to produce lap
welded iron tubes or pipes, so formed 10 give in
creased strength TO those parts which are exposed
10 wear, without additional weight TO the entire
length Of the tube, and thereby to obviate the evils
to which boiler tubes are at present ext posed He
makes the internal diameter Of the tube greater at
end than at the other, instead Of its being the
same, uniform throughout, as has hitherto been
the case; the external diameter remaining, how
ever, the same, and uniform throughout the entire
length Of the tube. The tube will, Of course be
cylindrical upon the exterior, and conica upon the
interior surface. The increased thickness Of metal
at the one end is TO be drawn from the remaining
portion Of the entire length Of the tube. And, fur
Their, the operation is effected at one heat that
the ductlty Of the iron Of which the tubes are COM
posed shall remain unimpaired.
The Bpodtp operandi IL as follows: The paentee
employs series Of grooved rolls, moved by suitable
toothed wheels and maDdri, with a conical bulb
or head, the stem Of which is Of Increasing dame
ter towards the opposite end. The skeip, after
being properly prepared, as is usual IN the manu-
facture Of apweded iron tubes IL heated and pass
ed between the first Of the series Of rolls. IL is
then welded over the conica bulb and forced, at
the same time, over the stem Of the msndril This
mandri is held by q grip, attached by hinge there
TO in a stop, TO allow Of its being lowered and
passed, after the conica bulb has been removed be-
tween the second series Of rolls, the diameter Of the
groove Of which is smaller than that of the first
RES The tube, with the mandnl still inside, is
then passed through the third series Of rolls, the
groove Of which is smaller than that Of the second
series The object of these successive rollings, az
the skelp has been welded on the mandril is TO
remove any irregularities upon either Of the sur
faces and TO make the edges Of the tube perfectly
smooth and uniform. The tube is then taken 10
the drawing bench, in front Of which a stop, and
against which the pipe rests. The stop is furnish
ed with hole TO allow Of the passage Of the grip
Of the mandril, which is held by pair Of piers
and, the bench being made to move while the pipe
remains stationary, the mandril is Withdrawn
When il happens that the mandr sdheres too tight
y to the tube, it proposed 10 heat it in mufie or
furnace then 10 cool the end which rests against
the stop, and repeat the above operation, or 10 roll
It cold between three rollers, as is usually done IN
Strengthening shafting Ibid.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-06-28
THE coLLECTIoS FOR Plus TX.

Bishop Hughes has addressed letter to the edi-
tors of the New York Courier and Enquirer, COM
planning Of injustice done him by the Tribune
newspaper, in stating that the collection to be taken
up in the Catholic churches on Sunday next il for
the relief and support of Plus TX, in his present
struggle against he Roman Republic. The Bishop
objects to the words marked in italics, which, he
says, express idea that has not entered into
his mind and adds, that the collection is simply to
relieve the present Of the Supreme Bishop Of
the Catholic people; Popes, Cardinals, and Secre-
taries, being like other men, under the necessity Of
having something TO eat, and something wherewith
to be clothed. Concerning the Roman Republic,
the Bishop expresses himself in the following Ian
guage
"a revolution has indeed taken place, but there
is no evidence that it il the work Of the Roman poo
ple whilst it is certain that TO great extent those
who have taken part in it are strangers 70 Rome,
who found other parts Of Italy and Of continental
Europe unwilling to receive or retain them. They
have succeeded in expelling the government which
had given them hospitality. They have established,
according to what regard the truest accounts,
reign of terror over the Roman people, which they
call government. They have broken and burned
the carriages of the Cardinals, as if that were hero
ism. They have plundered the churches--they
have extorted money from the people-they have
almost legalized assassination, wherever their
thority prevailed. And this is the phsanx rccog-
Missed by Mr.. Greeley as the Roman Republic!
Yet no Ambassador from foreign countries has re-
cognised such Republic, except it be the female
plenipOtentary who furnishes the Tribune with
diplomatic correspondence"
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-06-28

Within few years past, says the Savannah Re-
publican, the State Of Georgia has at one bound
placed herself indisputably in advance of any other
Southern State in manufacturing enterprise and in
terna improvements. We have between forty and
fifty manufactures with from one to FIVE hundred
spindles in each, in operation in this State. Our
mines have been partially explored, and are pro-
ducing similar railroad iron, castings MARBLE lime
at price low that ii s used in considerable guam
titles to revive the worn out lands Of the State.
The eternal fields of cotton, and nothing but cot
ton, no longer appear in the up-country, except to
limited extent. The cultivation Of that staple in
the northern counties will comparatively cease in
few years, and be transferred more and more to the
fertile bottoms of southwestern Georgia. The hill
sides in the Cherokee region and middle Georgia
are now smiling with green crops of wheat and
other small grains. There are Touring mills, as
the Etowah, Lebanon, Columbus, those in Clarke,
and elsewhere, where the wheat il purchased at q
liberal price and converted into -four, which has,
some time since, found its way TO the Atlantic mar
kes, while some has been exported from this coun-
try to Brazil and other countries The article of
northern -four is almost banished from this market.
One year the Central railroad conveyed into the in
terror 5000 barrels of northern four the year fol-
lowing it brought down 5000 barrels of Georgia
flour, the upward current being completely turned.
These manufactures and railroads have created
home markets. They gave employment TO the farm
er, carpenter, the mason, the tanner the MINER and
in short to almost all who follow the various and
devious ways of human industry. The moral and
physical influence of railroads in bringing about
this order of things is not sufficiently appreciated
The up-country Is now no longer sealed book.
The travel on the State road has probably quadru-
Piled since it was opened to Dalton. II will increase
vastly moro when il is completed to the Tennessee
river.
II has been estimated that, when the Nasty vile
and Chattanooga railroad is completed, the Georgia
road will require four times its present locomotive
power. Our great work has already paid back TO
the State the cost of Its construction in the shape of
multitude Of benefits, beyond the power of calcu-
aiion, and IL is not daring prophecy to make, that
in less than twenty-five years it will pay all the
debts Of the State-principal and interest-and re-
leve her citizens from all taxation.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-06-28

The sole organ Of the Opposition can
not conceal its disgust at the mode in
which removals are about to be made. 1t
understands that printed circulars are to be
issued, and this reminds it of lettres de
cachet and the Bastile 1t calls for copy
Of the circular. II is very difficult to take
the sting out of removal from office.
Suppose it were to come in the shape Of a
billet dour, does the Union imagine it
would be any the more agreeables Does the
sole organ imagine that men in their senses
are to be moved by such arrant nonsense!
To set this matter right and at rest for
ever, we will copy the paragraph of the
Union:
PREMEDiTArED PRoscRIPTI0N.--We are inform
ed that the heads of Departments have had large
number Of blanks printed to be used for notices to
those clerks and other persons in Office, whom
they design TO remove. We understand that this
is the first time in the history Of our Government
when printed notices have been required by the
gency Of prescription, and the number Of victims
destined for butchery. 1t shows that the system OF
prescription is premeditated and will be sweeping.
If any of our friends will furnish US with speci-
men of these modern "letres de cachet," SO common
during the reign Of the Baslle in France, we will
give il to our readers. When such preparations
are made for wide and sweeping political butch
cry, how can the mendacious minions Of this cor
rupt Administration have the hardwood to assert
that removals made for other than politi-
caP How much more manly and honorable il
would be if they would come out and frankly admit
that they want the Offices and therefore they re-
move their opponents.
The circulars to which the Union refers
were prepared in the Treasury Depart
ment, by the order Of the late Secretary,
as long ago as the Oath Of January. They
were printed by his employees, and delivered
on the 9Th of February. The whole mat
ter, then, it seems, was begun and COM
pleted by the last Administration. The
present heads Of Departments have had
nothing to do with them. Will the Union
correct its statementl
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-06-28

Anthony Hill, esq, OF the Plymouth Works, Mer-
thyr-Tydvil. IL is TO the science, energy, and re-
search of this gentleman, that the iron-trade is
indebted for the practical discovery that the cinders
produced in the various stages of converting, in
our FORCES, crude cast-iron into wrought or mall
leable iron, capable of being resmeled and re-
converted in the blast-furnace, and the iron they
contained (amounting to so, 60, and 10 per cent
probably extracted from them. These cinders
were formerly thrown away refuse used only
for the repair of roads and thoroughfares-they
are now eagerly sought after, and purchased at
values as high some of our richest iron ores
To Mr. Hill debt of public gratitude, and some
thing more, is due, which should rejoice TO
properly acknowledged and paid. Mr.. Yates, of
Rotterdam, Yorkshire, has at his works at Win
gerworth, near Chesterfield, erected blast-furnaces
of an entirely different construction from those
in use in this district, and the plan of which he
has patented They are about 20 feet in height,
Of peculiar shape, and are blown with soft fam
blast When | visited them, few months az D,
they were working admirably, and producing ex-
ceent pigiron, at the rate of 100 tons and upwards
in week, at each furnace. These furnaces, and
their blowing apparatus and appendages, appeared
to me simple and inexpensive of construction in
comparison with the huge piles of masonry and
ponderous machinery of bast-furnaces and
engines in Wales, that | imagined they would
create perfect revolution in the iron trade. In
the anthracite districts Of our mineral basin the
improvements effected by the late Mr.. Crane, and
the application by him Of hot blast to the smelling
of iron with anthracite coal, were acknowledged,
certainly not more gratefully than they deserved to
be, by those who interested in the mineral pro-
auctions of the anthracite districts wherein the de-
post of lronstone is enormous but It's reduc
ton with its accompanying fuel almost new. The
recent Improvements Of Mr. j. Palmer Budd,
adopted at his extensive works at Ysalyfera, near
Meath, and patented by him, are worthy of the
greatest attention. Mr.. Budd, who read an admira-
bic paper explanatory Of his improvements, to the
chemical section of the meeting at which my adj
dress was delivered, and with the kindest berality
invited the members of the association to visit and
inspect his works, has succeeded in economixing
the use and consumption Of an expensive and valu-
able fuel, and in preserving from positive waste,
and applying to profitable use, volumes of heat
evolved in the process of smelling, heretofore al
lowed to escape.-Enginser and .architects Journal
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-06-28
TKLEoRApuIc REGISTER.

We have received from Mr.. JoHs T. TowERs,
the publisher a copy of "Thc Register Of the Elec-
ro-Magnetic Telegraph Companies in the United
States and the Cenadas,' by AIvRrp Van. The
work is a handsome quarto, well gotten up, and is
credtabIe to the press Of Mr.. Towers. II contains
valuable information and will be useful to all who
have business with the Telegraph.