Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1849-12-27

[ recommend a revision Of the existing tariff
and its adjustment on basis Which may aug
ment The revenue, believing that TO that attain
nent system Of specific duties is best adopted.
strongly recommend to Congress the adoption
of,hat system, fixing the duties at high rates O.
nengh to afford substantial aud sufficient ep
enlargement to our own industry, and at the
same time SO adjust as to insure stability.
The question of the continuance Of the Sub
Treasury system is respectfully Submitted to lhe
wisdom of Congress. If continued, important
modi6cOtinRs appear to be indispensable.
No direct aid has been given by the general
government to the Improvement Of Agriculture,
except by the expenditure of small sums for the
collection aud publ cation of agricultural Stats.
tics. respectfully recommend the establish
ment OF an Agricultural Bureau, to be con
nected with the Department Of the Inter-
or.
Our latest advces from California iHform us
that they have adopted State Constitution. aad
will shortly apply for admission into the Union.
Should such be- the case, aud should their Con.
stltul0n be contIFnable to the acquisitions of
the Constitution of the United States, | recon-
mend their application to the favorable consider
alton OF congress- The people of New MPxIcu
will also, ii is believed, ut no very distant peri
Cd prese0t themselves for admission intn The U
nlon In relation TO these sections ofthe Union,
and with view of maintaining the harmnny and
Tranquility 80 dear to all, we should abstain FROM
the introduction of those exciting topics of "A sec
Lonal character which have hitherto produced
painful apprehension IN the public mind: and
repeat the solemn warning of The first and most
illuslous OF my predecessors, against furnish.
ing any ground for charscierizng parties by ge.
oTian!!csi determinations.
h,,o, 81 c..
CISCO, under the act of Congress extending the
revenue laws over California, and measures have
been taken to org nize the custom houses at that
and other ports mel toned in that act, and at the
earliest practicable period.
The party engaged OH the coast survey was
despatched to Oregon in January last, but they
have not left California, and directions nave hetal
given to them, as sooIi as they shall have fixed
OIL The sites of the two light houses, to make re
eonn0iSaBces of the most important points on the
coast OF California, and especially to exaInii @
and determine on sites fol lighthouses on that
1Oasi.
have transferred the Indian Agencies from
Upper Missouri and Council Bluff t. Santa Fp
and Salt Lake, and have appointed sub-agcnts
an the valleys of the ella. Further provision
will also he necessary.
recommend the establishment of branch
mint in California. also recommend that com.
missions be organized, to examine and decide
upon the validity OF the present land titles in
California and New niexico, and for the estab
lshment Of offices of Surveyors General in New
Mexico, California, aud Oregon and for the sur.
veylng and bringing into market the public lands
In huse Territories:
In order that the situation and character of
the principal mineral deposits in California may
be ascertained, | recommend that geological
and meteorological exploration be connected with
the linear surveys, and that the mineral lands be
divided intn small lots suitable for minng, and
be disposed ol by sale or lease, SO as 60 give our
citizens an opportunity of procuring perna.
nent right OF property in the soil.
! recommend careful reconnaissance of the
several proposed routes for railroad to the "a
cifc. on our own soil, by scientific corps and
and report us to the practicnbiry of making
such road, with an estimate Of the cost Of its
construction and support. believing that the con
structlon Of such line of communication would
De material benefit to the prosperity OF the
whole country.
recommend eally appropriations for,continu
ing the river and harbor improvements, which
have been already heGnn ed as; ,nS ~ o e.,
made, as well as for examinations and estimates
~ tihE COMMENCEMENT VI SuCH OlIl'
ers as the wants of the country and especially
the advance OF our population over new districts
and the extension oil cUmmerce may render ne
cessary.
recommend to the favorable consideration O.
Congress an increase Oh the several Loyps Of the
army at our distant western posts, in order tc
fulfil our treaty with Mexico. Great embarrass
ment has resulted fiom the effect upon rank il
the army heretofore given TO brevet and stat
commissioners. The plan proposed for retiring
disabled officers, and providing an asylum lo
such VI the rank and file as from age and wounds
occasloned by service. have become unfit To per
form their respective duties, is recommended Il!
means Of increasing the efficiency OF the ar
my, and as an act Of Justice due from glate
fu country to the faithful soldier
Tue arrangements Tor taking the seventh cen
sns have been completed, aud il now rests witt
Congress to enact law for carrying into effec
the provsiun Of the constitution which requires
an actual enumeration of the yeopc Of the Unit
ed States within the ensuing year,
The naval lnrce at present 10 commission IL
as large as is admissible with the nuIFser o
snen aalhorized by Congress to be emFoyed
invite your attention to the recommendation o
the Secretary of the Navy on the subject Of
reorganization Of the Navy in its various grades
of officers, and thu establishment OF a retired
list for such of the officers as are disqualified
for active and efficient service.
Itis submitted, whether further reduction o
postage should not now be made, more partlcu
larly on the letter correspondence. This shout
be relieved from the Uni ust bnrthen Of transport
ing and delivering the ranked matter OF Con
gress for which public provision should be mad
from the treasury: confidently believe that
chqnge NAV safely be made, reducing all slngI
letter postage to the uniform rate of five cent
regardless of distance, and respectfully recon
mend such a reduction. ShLud Congress pre-
fer to abolish the Thanking privilege entirely,
seems probable that no demlnd IN the Treasu
ry would result from the proposed re iuction o
postage. Whether any further dImlnutlo
should now be made on the result of the reduc
ton to FIVE cents, which have recommends
should be first tested. is submitted to ynnr de
csion Since the commencement OF the las
session OF Congress, a postal treaty with Grea
Britain has been received and ratified. The al
tempt to extend this same arrangement throug
England TO France has not been equally success
full, but the purpose has not been abandoned.
In relation to the trust committed to Congress
as the exclusive legislator and snle guardian o
the interests of the District of Columbia, be-
to commend these interests 10 your kind nlten
ton. As the national metropolis, the City G
Washington, must be au object Of general in
terrst; and IFS claim to the fostering care
Congress. whatever can contribute 10 its PROS
perity. must enlist the feelings Of It's CONSTITUTE
onal guardians, and command their favorabl
consideration.
The Executive has authority to recommend
not to dictate, measures to Congress. Havin
performed the duty, he cannot rightfnlly contr'
the decisions of Congress on any subject
legislation until that decision shall have bee
officially submitted to the President tor approva
the check provided by the constitution; III u
clause comforting the qualified yetn, VIII neve