davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1849-11-02
ton of Mr.. McB. would at once de.
stroy the equilibrium.

GruRdy COhnty.-ln this county
We observe no nominations have
been made for the different Offices,
and there are in consequence a score
or two OF can Iidates ont on their own
hook. Among others We notice the
name of our former townsman NJ. ID.
Pendcrgast, Esq. for county jndse.
Mr.. p. has for several years held the
Office Of probate Justice OF Grundy
county, and having discharged lis
duties well, his consequent poPulari-
ty places lis election 10 the office he
is now running for, beyond reason
able doubt. Mr. L. \. Armstrong,
we also notice, is pro nincnt can
didate for county clerk. As he is a
young man Of irreproachable char
acter, and Of great energy and en-
tcrprise, and an excellent clerk
withal, we venture to predict his C.
lection by handsome minority.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1849-11-02

Calyornians.-Thc Lockport Tel
egraph publishes letter from the
company of CaliforniaEmigrants that
started from VIII county under the
command ofCapt.I. A. Cooling and
who were guided by Capt. Cutting,
formerly of this county. The COM
pany had arrived in California on
the 22d of August, having made the
trip in so days from independence.
Not a man was lost on the trip, nor
mule. They made about the
quickest trip of the season.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1849-11-02
Independent candidates.

For .4ssssiata Jas.ise-CKAS {. ELLIOTT
Far County Clerk-GEu S FiSihE
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1849-11-02

The bridge across the Illinois Ri
yer at Peoria is finished and teams
are crossing almost constantly.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1849-11-02
Free Soil Nominations.

Far Coanty Juige-HENRY G, COTTON
For Iissoe!aie Jastices--C. H. GILLIAN,
Elmer BALDWIN
For C,.,ty Clrk-MAURl]E MURPHY
For Treasurer \ .isa.s,ar- REESE u0RG4N
For County Sar5syor-R0BERr RoH En-
For SstO3! CJmm sioner-- WELLS WAIT
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1849-11-02
Dem Ocraiic NOIninatiOns ..

FIR County ysdgs-N E. H)LLISTER.
For .Associatt Justice. VI. klLDCFs,
J. NsBURNEI.
FIR County Clerks w RAYMOND
For Treasurer X 4 ssssar-.l. +. WIGNsR.
E,r County Sarpeyor--o "a So neIf
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1849-11-02

to be built in Paris for those WHO
profess the Mahommcdan faith.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1849-11-02
BY Telegraph,
REPORTED F0R THE FREE TRADER
Philadelphia, Nov. |, 6 y. III.

--E-'' ~ - y = '1''
Gov. Johnston issued his procla-
nation appointing the 9th ms, as a
day Of Thanksgiving.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1849-11-02

The Peru Telegraph has discov-
cred peculiar fitness in Mr.. Wait
for the office Of school commission
er, in the fact that he has been an
Examiner Of public schools in New
York. The same Office is perform
ed by our school directors here, yet
there are hundreds in the county,
who, although they have been charg-
ed with the duty Of overseeing the
schools in their districts and eXamin-
ing the teachers, for a number Of
years, claim no peculiar fitness for
the office Of school commissioner on
that score. We believe Mr.. Delano
has also been a school director in his
life time. But the question as TO fit
ness cannot be raised between Mr..
Dclano and Mr.. Wait. There is
coniesSedly little difference between
them. We urge Mr.. Delano's cleo
ton, aside from party considerations
on the ground that the school COM
missioner should reside in town.
Who, having business with this Off
Ger, wants to post off in search Of
him five or six miles out on the prai-
RE, then to find him "gone to town"
or TO mill, or 'lo the timber?' Per-
sons in the country must come to
town occasionally on their own bu-
siness, and they generally avail them
selves of these occasions to do their
business with the school commission
err; bu. if that functionary resides
away out of time, it will always take
a special half or whole day TO see
him.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1849-11-02

election Tuesday, November 9th.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1849-11-02
DALE BROWN.

The following is the communica-
ton referred to by Mr.. Brown,
which was received at the Admiral
~ thiS r,orpipr
The examiner. [volume] (Louisville, Ky.) 1847-1849, 1849-03-03
From the Louisville Democrat.
Plan of Emancipation.

GEsTLEMES: You have my thanks for
publishing my note Of the 18th inst, and
for allowing me TO exhibit more fully before
your readers the plan Of emancipation brief
ly stated therein. The press is a great
power---and to one who wishes to extend
his opinions, confident that they are sound,
important and timely, it is great favor to
be permitted to express them in sheet so
widely circulated and so influential as
yours. For it not only gives him access
to very large number Of intelligent and
respectable persons. whom he might not be
able otherwise to reach-but il also gives
him decent introduction 10 them. For
though you may oppose his opinions, you
do say something both for him and them, in
giving him an open field, and them fair
hearing. | do, therefore, highly appreciate
your courtesy in this matter, and it shall be
my aim not to abuse it. Nor will object
to the most rigid examination to which you
may subject my opinions. am in favor
of free discussion. One Of the great OBJ
jects Of my life is to scatter light and bring
the truth to view. | have no interest in
being deceived-none, in misleading others.
Ii you will prove to rne that am wrong, 7
will thank you from the bottom of my
heart-and will instantly turn upon my
steps. ! will not be ashamed to acknowl-
edge my error--but will as freely do it, as
do now, with confidence and without fear.
insist that am right. When truth and
reason lead, / hope l shall never be afraid
or ashamed to follow.
have not known what are your views on
the subject Of slavery; but being myself, in
the old and proper sense Of that term, a
democrat, the son OF democrat, nurtured
in the faith Of my fathers, | had hoped that
the LOUISVILLE DEMocRAr would stand
for liberty in every aspect Of that sacred
and glorious cause; the business Of its name
indicated by its course; its influence en-
ployed 10 widen out, il possible. the area Of
freedom. Nor will yet give up the hope.
True, you say, 1--WE do not admit the ne.
cessity for this movement for emancipation
and we do not believe any plan that can
be devised at present practicable or posi-.
bic in this Commonwealth" But when
remember that sensible and thoughtful
The examiner. [volume] (Louisville, Ky.) 1847-1849, 1849-03-03
G. l.forn,a and tn. COW tina. Cav. Cream.

The discovery Of the contents Of Cali.
fornia puts us in mind Of circumstance
which occurred to cowkeeper within our
own knowledge. and though it may appear
strange we can answer for its truth. The
man had for long time struggled against
adverse fortune. and, as not the least, the
milk from one Of his best cows turned out
bad; it became unusually thick and yellow,
and was by him pronounced to be bad, and
unfit for use. The loss was most serious,
but at length after some weeks had elapsed,
and pailfull after pailfull had been cast to
the dogs, he discovered that his cow gave
forth cream instead Of milk. The dis.
coyery made his fortune. This circum-
stance, on a small scale, is type of Cali.
foma. That which was hitherto esteemed
to be mere worthless rubbish, has turned
out to be the richest Of its kind. A con-
tinent Of gold, instead of continent Of
chalk and clay, gladdens the fortunate pos
sessor,-Herapatt's Journal.
The examiner. [volume] (Louisville, Ky.) 1847-1849, 1849-03-03
The wabash and Eri. Canal 3. Indiana.

The Trustees of the Wabash and Erie
canal. in Indiana, have made their annual
report to the Legislature OF that State, from
which the Toledo Blade gathers the fol.
lowing
The work from Coal Creek to Terre
Haute, which was put under contract little
ns.a-, than year since, is now so nearly
complei =, that the water will be let into
the canal, to the latter place, by the first OF
next month. From Terre Haute to Point
Commerce. forty and half miles further,
the work was contracted in May last, and
it is believed the distance will be ready for
navigation in the fall Of 1s49. Another
letting was had in November, for the con-
struction Of the work from Point Com
merce to Newberry, seventeen miles furth-
er.
There has been paid for construction,
during the year ending on the first Of De-
cember last, the sum Of 1883 TO-
The present force employed on the canal
is 1880 men, whom it is expected will be
employed during the current year. There
remains seventy-two miles, from Newberry
to Pigeon dam, to be put under contract,
to complete the entire line. For the pur-
pose of carrying on the work agreeably to
the plan Of the Trustees, call has been
made upon the subscribing bond holders. Of
twenty collars upon each bond, TO be paid
on the first day Of February. l849, and the
balance of the advance of $500, 900 will
be called in during the ensuing year. The
tolls and water rents Of the flashed part OF
the canal, for the year ending on the first
day Of November, amount to sI46, 14S 80,
being an increase over the amount Of the
previous year of go, Ice 10; the eIpen-
diture for ordinary repairs, superinten-
dence, &c., amounts to a34, 883 "a. A
heavy expenditure for extraordinary repairs
has been incurred, but for the deficient
wheat crop last year, and the early fall
rains, which rendered the roads impossible.
The canal has been navigable the whole
season from the State line to Coal Creek,
a distance of l89 miles. The whole amount
of receipts, from the first Of December.
l847, to the irst Of December, lS48, is
$797,S77 Oh. Disbursements. for the same
period, s459,Oo4 y. Leaving balance
Of S26S, 872 %.
Appended to the report are tabular state
ments of all the articles cleared at different
places on the navigable portion Of the
canal, from which we extract the follow
ing, as the total number Of tons cleared from
each:
The examiner. [volume] (Louisville, Ky.) 1847-1849, 1849-03-03

were using our own iron and coal, as we
conceive according TO the laws of nature
under the protective tariff of 1912. We
have no means Of ascertaining what is the
exact amount of injury sustained under the
benign influence of the Secretary's tariff
OF 1916, but it must have been very great,
for we are continually informed Of furnaces
going out Of blast. and OF rolling and slit
ting mills, and other iron works stopping,
because the business has become unprof-
table. f.3 ---ts la
The truth is, end it must be the convic-
ton Of every candid mind, that the coal
and iron Of the United States was not placed
where it is by the laws Of nature, that we
should let it remain there and import coal
and iron from Europe. But the learned
Secretary says we must do so; and why!
Because the vicious political institutions of
Europe cheat the masses out OF large por
ton Of the value Of their labor, and until
they are so defrauded in the United States,
we cannot proftably manufsctrrs any of
the raw materials with which nature has
endowed us. s-l "- f
We submit these views in all confidence,
satisfied that what Mr.. Walker calls free
trade is nothing more nor less than low
wages, for if interest and wages were as
low here as bad laws make them in Europe,
we should hear no more OF Mr.. Walker
or his free trade; for then he would be com.
PEELED to be satisfied to allow us TO manu-.
facture for ourselves, which would put an
end to the interminable dogma that ma
lions should buy where they can buy the
cheapest.
The examiner. [volume] (Louisville, Ky.) 1847-1849, 1849-03-03

These roads are, therefore, direct anC
straight, only excepting the DETECTION into
the South Pass; the distances. roughly est
mated, being 1850 miles to San Francisco
and I $50 to Astoria.
have stated 120 days as the length oil
the journey; but parties of young men,
having packs and good animals and guides,
may easily reach tie Sacramento in forty.
five or fifty days; nor need such confine
themselves. to the wagon road. but may
take the route Of the Arkansas, or by Santa
Fe.
independence has been the point selected
for the departure Of the military and ex-
ploring expeditions to Oregon, Mexico and
California, both before and during the war,
and Of their return and discharge. Other
points higher up the Missouri, as Weston,
st. Joseph, and the Mormon settlement
near Council Bluffs, have occasionally been
selected by emigrating parties. These
places have all the disadvantages of being
on the eastern bank of the Missouri, and,
as yet, far behind independence in the
abundance and cheapness Of supplies.
The maritime country on the Pacific ex.
tends along the ocean from San Diego to
Vancouver's Island, and is confined be-
tween the snowy ridge Of the Sierra Ne
vada and the beach. It's average width ex-
ceeds $50 miles-its length 200. This
Sierra Nevada is the prolongation Of the
Andes Of Chill. Peru, Columbia, Central
America, and Mexico-preserving all its
characteristics unaltered, OF great height,
volcanoes, volcanic rock and lava. It is
grander here than in South America, be-
cause, receding from the coast, it is accom-
panied by this maritime region, which gives
room for series Of fine rivers-the Bona
ventura, San Joachim, Sacramento, Shasty
river. the Flameth UmPqua, WalIamette,
Columbia, Puget's Sound.
This whole region, therefore, abounds
with the same mineral productions as Span
ish America, whilst it has its own grand
eIcellencies for commerce, agriculture, both
arable and pastoral, infinite fisheries, for
ests, internal navigation and position be-
tween the valley Of the Mississippi and
China delicious and tranquil climate
and sublime scenery, make this incontesta-
bly, the finest new country OF which the
human race has yet anywhere possessed
itself.
Yours respectfully,
W. GILPES,
To Messrs. Sam. Ramlston, Sam. ID. Lu-
cas-, Smallwood holland.
The examiner. [volume] (Louisville, Ky.) 1847-1849, 1849-03-03

The ExposItor, published at Independence,
NO., contains letter written by Col. w. Gilpin,
in relation to the overland route to Califomia.
1t conveys information of much interest to emf
grants:
JACKSON County. Mo-, Jan. s, 1849.
Gentlemen: independence, now for
twenty years the emporium Of the COM
merce Of the prairies, possesses peculiar
advantages as the point Of rendezvous and
final embsrkation for emigrants going to
the Pacific.
Independence recommends itself from
the unlimited abundance Of supplies to be
had at all times, their excellent quality, and
adaptation to the journey.
The habitual annual departure and srri-
val of emigrants and travellers. has created
a body of skilfnl mechanics and all kinds
of complete manufacturing establishments
in every department Of the trades, CON-
bined with stores filled with supplies for all
wants and tastes. Here may be had the
small tough horses and mules brought from
California, Mexico, and the Indian tribes
of the mountains and prairies, as well as
the horses, cattle and mules Of larger size
and good blood. raised upon the prairie
grass of the settlements.
The only road practicable for wagons at
present, from the States to the Pacific. is the
one through the South Pass, beyond which
it branches near the Salt Lake; the right
hand fork descends by Snake river to the
Columbia; the left hand traverses directly
west through the Great Basin Of High Cali
fornia, crosses the Sierra Nevada by the
sources of Salmon Trout river and the Rio
de los Americanos, descending the latter to
the Sacramento, and down it to San Fan
cisco Bay. These roads, which only four
years ago were uncertain, difficult and dam
gerous, are now permanently established.
easy, and safe. The large and prosperous
settlement Of the Mormons at the Salt
Lake affords central point to rest and re-
cruit. Families travelling with horned cat
tie accomplish the trip in one hundred and
twenty days, and, if judicious in the man.
agement Of their animals, at no expense
| but the small cost Of provisions and groce-
The examiner. [volume] (Louisville, Ky.) 1847-1849, 1849-03-03

We have been favored with the subioined
extract Of letter from Vienna, dated De
cember 7th, 1913:
"Matism is the order Of the day, even at
the theatre. 1t cannot be said that order
does not reign in the Austrian capital. 1t
would be wiser to allow the popular voice
in matters Indifferent to condemn or ap-
Plaud. Absurd prohibitions show the want
Of moral strength in government. One
good enterprise has been projected by the
minister Schwartzenberg. it is the founda-
ton Of agricultural schools, and Of colonie.
for the poor; this design deserves encour-
agement. Austria possesses vast tracts IN
occupied, and which only await the hand
Of man to become available to human sus-
tenance. II in these waste places govern
ment should establish centres Of reception
for laborers in health, utensils for labor,
accommodations in advance, and intelligent
superintendent, such provisions would do
much for the extinction Of mendacity and
popular discomfort, without resorting to the
odious means which are the scourge Of
England, CT Holland, and OF Switzerland.
This passage refers to the poor laws Of
these countries.
"Vienna contains multitudes Of INDECENT
people, who might be advantageously en-
ployed in agriculture. It's whole population
IL reckoned at $4,000; FIVE thousand are
supported by public funds; fifteen thousand
subsist upon casual charity; one thousand
are thieves; two thousand are presumed to
live by gaming; twenty-thousand subsist
upon precarious labor, while a number
nearly equal are employed upon the public
works. The prisons contain about SIX
thousand, the mines in the vicinity, employ
fifteen thousand men wretchedly paid, and
perhaps one thousand find miserable live
lihood in sundry insufficient ways, not de-
signedly dishonest; ten thousand are under
the vigilant eye Of police as suspected per-
sons, and there are not less than ten thou
sand drunkards there still remain eight
thousand honest laborers, very poor, and
ten thousand petty traders who would be
glad to exchange their condition for one Of
certain resource. The fertile steppes Of
Hungary, now Of no benefit to the proprie-
tors, or to the country, might. by means Of
this surplus population employed upon
them, disembarrass Vienna Of part Of this
burden. II only a half Of the one hun
bred thousand men, women and children,
who rise up in want every morning, and
lie down without hope every night, were
detached from the present inhabitants, it
would 20 far to the re-establishment OF the
public tranquility and security, far to the
diminution Of vice and misery in Vienna"
The examiner. [volume] (Louisville, Ky.) 1847-1849, 1849-03-03
value q q word.

The necessity Of exactitude in legal IN
strumens was never more cogently shown
than in case in England, in which en-
eminent conveyancer, the late Mr.. Butler,
accidentally omitted single word. "Glopr
cester," in drawing the will Of Lord New
burgh. which deprived lady. the intended
devisee, of estates worth about seventy
thousand dollars year,
The examiner. [volume] (Louisville, Ky.) 1847-1849, 1849-03-03
RELIGIOUS INTELLIGENCE.

MISSIONARIES TO CALIFozNA.-Ths follow
Ing letter to the Rev. DR.. Berrian, and M, an
'wsr' have been handed MS for publication. Tho
anxiety Of the religious community Is naturally
awakened BY the circumstances under which
the colonization Of California Is begun, and m,
sudden uprising In that quarter Of a community
OF men more intent on making their fortana.
than establishing churches A plan Is on foot
for making collection next Sunday in IN.
EPiscoPal churches Of this city and Of BrOOkIya
for mission to California:
February 10, ls49.
nv DEAR Sal have Just been informed thai
a movement is making in New York to sstas-
lish a mission in California, of which you are o,
the head
About ten days since sent communication
to the Christian Witness, at Boston, on the sane
subject
rejoice In all this. The uphsavIng Of ths
church in all quarters is wOndsrfal-giori0us.
trust that among rs We shall be able to do
something honorable 10 the church, ussfal
to man and acceptable to God In this great
cause.
Very truly and respectfully yours,
The examiner. [volume] (Louisville, Ky.) 1847-1849, 1849-03-03
WHOLE NUMBER 90.

ries, so excellent are the roads, the climate
and the pastures.
The following table Of ATTITUDES and
longitudes shows the directness OF the routes
and the distances:
The examiner. [volume] (Louisville, Ky.) 1847-1849, 1849-03-03
Rev. DR.. BERaIAS.
NV Yonx. Feb. Ia,h- Is4a

Nrw YORx, Feb. 18th, l549.
Ny Dear Sir:-I have seldom been mora
gratihed, than by the spontaneous appreciation
expressed in your letter, Of the movement In
New York in behalf Of the church in California
II was seasonable and refreshing amidst the cold.
ness and encouragement which this indepen-
dent action has met with in many quarters here,
to degree which was bat little expected wher
the first steps were taken. There was some
reason to aPprehend that the source from which
ii sprung might indisPose certain persons to
unite with Us in the measure, even though the
object Of IL were approved; but We did not look
for 80 strong an opposition on the part Of others
with whom in general we were accustomed C
think and act in perfect harmony. Indeed, the
thought Of awakening hostility to il. by a sup
posed interference with the operations of the Do
nestle Committee, had not even entered my
mind, until l had actually learned that such
was the fact. So far as l was personally con
cerned in the origin Of this movement, had but
one simple object in view, the desire Of doing
good in a quarter where it was so much needed,
and Of saving the church from the rePrOach and
dishonor which IL would suffer from it, negli-
gence and supineness, when the public mind
was stimulated to such activity and enthusiasm
in the mere pursuit Of worldly things
My course through life has. am inclined to
believe, been sufficiently quiet and unObtrusive
70 shield me rom the imputation OF vanity In
the matter; and the phantom which has been
raised up by the fears Of an excited Imagination
as furnishing different motive, am very sure
was never presented, even in . more pleasing
shape, to the minds Of others
In truth, it was considered by all who engs-
ged in the measure, that the spiritual destitutiOn
Of California was one Of the most extraordinary
occasions for the exertion Of Christian bensvO-
lence that has ever occurred among rs; that q
great work called for great efforts; that the ut
most We could hope to do even with the mos,
cordial cooperation on every side, would still
fall very short Of the wants Of those who were
furnishing for the bread Of life; that all which
We could accomplish by an independent, ardent,
energetic action, would only be carrying out
more fally the designs Of the society itself. that
the committee would still have ample scope for
its benevolent labOrs; and that the bounty Of
many would probably be drawn out in this way,
while il might be wanting towards an assoeia-
which, from a variety Of causes, has lost in q
measure the interest il excited upon its FIRST
establishment, even in the minds Of many who
had been among its wamest supporters
Such, my dear sir, were the Circumstance BY
which those have been Influenced, who have
been forward in this matter; and am disposed
to think, il they were generally known, that
they would not be regarded by candid and IN
preJudiced minds as furnishing any ground for
clamor and reproach.
. Yours very respectfully and truly,
WIN. BERRIAN.
'of the object in view, being the restoration Of the
The examiner. [volume] (Louisville, Ky.) 1847-1849, 1849-03-03

The success Of individuals in life is
greatly owing to their learning early to de-
pend upon their own resources. Money,
or the expectation Of it BY inheritance, has
ruined more men than the want OF it ever
did. Teach the young men to rely upon
their own efforts, to be frugal and indus
trious, and you have furnished them with a
productive capital which no man can ever
wrest from them; and one which they them
selves will not feel disposed to ALLEVIATE.