The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1849-12-12
The Sandwich Islands.
SKETCH OF THE ISLANDS-THE EFFORTS MADE
IMPROVE THE PEOPLE ETC ETC

rscter OF the government Was most oppressive
cal and bloody Through the influence Of the Chris
tisn religion, idostry was destroyed, and In later
times through the same influence, the character Of
the government has been changed to q limited mo-
nsrchy, under mild ana, far possible liberal laws
but during these changes there has arisen opposi
ton to the progress OF things the part Of
or less violent Is their anced Interests or pas
siops actuated them.
In 1926 the laudabls efforts Of the government to
suppress the proverbial centousness Of native f.
males, by the enactment Of law against their going
on board ships for purposes Of
ly resisted by who would be ashamed to scknow-
ledge the part they then took this resulted in the
visit and glorious victory Of Lieutenant Perov the
United States Navy The result to- that officer, Is vol
In 1882 the Catholic religion having been introduced
without the consent of the government, certain
sures taken to exps the priests Of that religion
who we're mostly Frenchmen, from the islands. At the
same period the importation of eprits prohibited
Thefe measures aroused the foreign community, aud
resulted in the visit Of Captain La Place who reapsd
surels q In enforcing upon the government the Ca
tholic religion, and treaty binding them to receive
wines and brsnaies at duty not exceeding ave per
cent ad rsoem Captain La Place also took away the
sum of twenty thousand dollars in specie as guaranty
FOR the fulflment of that treaty which money after
passing from ship to ship On the Pacific station, was
returned in 1876.
erosion Of foreign powers despatched Messrs
aud Hssllo to the United States England and France,
pencenos Of the islands, and negotiating treaties with
those powers in the first OF which objsots they
successful This measure excited the alarm of the TO-
reigners particularly the English The English Con-
sui anxious doubt to anticipate the movements Of
the ENJOYS, secretly took hs departure for England
leaving the Affairs of his consulate with svowed
enemy of the government, who allowed to aot
Out Of this proceeded all manner Of grievances the
principal Of which were complaints against the dec
sions Of the courts which had begun to be
after the manner Of civilized nations The unsccepts
Bile Vice Consul made his reports to the British
Admiral, who despatched the Csrysport Lord George
Pauet as Is presumed for the purpose Of enforcing
such demands and reolamatisns as the Vice Consul
pressive, and deemed unjust that the King, In the
circumstances OF doubt ~ to his position among the
time being TO Lord George Pauet and refer the ques
ton Of the justice Of the demands to the decision OF
the British govsrnment The Vice Consul, nov salts
ned that he had obtained valuable colonial scquisi-
ton for bis country, set off for London in order by
his presence to impregpate the British cabinet with
bis views He was met very coldly by the Earl Of Alb
erdeeD, their minister of foreign aGaTs, aud due
consideration of the various questions aud demands
the decision of the British government given IA
vorAhle to the Hawaiian government in every particu-
lar and full unity would have been awarded for
the oocupancy Of the Islands BY the forces Of Lord
Pauet bad NOT the cession been considered willing
one. Meanwhile, thesBritish Admiral the station,
receiving intelligence of what had been done fastened
heved his ordshp not only of his honors but Of his
embarT assments The foreign community had become
quite OF different mind and, compared with British
rule that OF the native authorities had become popu
lar.
In 1s4s, France and Great Britain entered into .
joint engagement to regard the Hawaiian Islands
independent State and never to take possession either
as proectorsts or In any other FORM of any part Of
the territory Of which they posed The nited
States admitted their independence
Since The date of the fret warranty, the Hawaiian
government have made the greatest efforts to organize
In the islands . system of government which should
be promotive OF Hawaiian interests emphatcaly, and
at the same time give satisfaction to Foreigners In
order to strengthen the naive element, marriages OF
native females with foreigners encouraged and
every inducement held out to them to become natu.
rallied The ministers OF the king, with excep-
ton chosen from the naturalizsd foreigners the
judges, heads OF police for the principal towns tue
registers Of deeds, and several other officers also
appointed from thiscass of oregners indeed la almost
trantsct business they we're provided with agents
familiar with the usnges Of their country Juries
in eases between natives aHd foreigners are composed
of half foreigners and half natives but the judge
not be q native, except In the inferior courts.
At first these changes produced great excitement
and alarm Opposition raised against the oath Of
allegiance, and even rdicue hesped upon all who ac-
cepted Of IL. There was much cavilling aganst the
the decisions Of the courts aud the acts OF those
naturszed foreigners who had been inducted into Of
foe. Nor was this opposition confined TO foreigners
the natives remote from the seat Of
officers and the oath OF allegiance, but without pro-
ducipg any impression upon the government. These
agistons at their height in lS35, ana par
cipsted in by the government agents Of the nited
States and Great Britain.
In the same year. new treaties we're entered into by
France and England with the Hawaiian government,
aud all former treaties and conventions declared
void One clause Of thsse new treaties gave to the
Hawaiian government the right to impose upon wines
aud brsndies and other spirituous quors any
able duty the government might think proper, pro-
yided 10 did not amount to absolute prohibition
upon which the government passed a law liking the
duty distilled spirits nc five dollars per gsllonit
being understood that France was paying to England
ut the time, duty Of twenty-five ehillings sterling
upon her braudies.
Mr. Ten Eyck the United States Commi.sioner,
shortly after his arrival have been informed,
espoused the and became the legal counsel and
advocate Of an iDsolvent American firm who preferred
claims against the Hawaiian government to the amount
Of three hundred and seventy eight thousand dollars
This claim was submitted to the arbitration Of two
before the court a difficulty arose between Mr. Ten
Eyck and the governments but We do not pretend TO
have full understanding Of the facts we will not at
tempt to give statement touching this part OF the
subject We also ps,s series Of events in which
MIR Ten Eyck has been made TO agure somewhat con-
tpcuousy-tbe establiehment q paper in opposition
60 the Hawaiian government. 40 object Is not
70 decide between Mr Ten Eyck aud tbs Of
the Sandwich Islands but simply to present, In
dsnted form certain facts which led the out
rnge by the French Consul.
Early in 1s4s, ratrick Dillon ccnsul Of the fret
clafs arrived at the Islands and succeeded MIR Dudoit
the French consul For time be stood slcof from
the opposition among foreigners which a. the time be-
gan eebsiby to decline-but he at lesyth commenced
series Of intrgues with the ministers Of the King,
calculated to set them at oggerheads With each other
and finally went 40 far TO write letter to Dr. Judd,
in which he abused the minister Of foreign relations
proposed his renewal from Office and new eppontmen ts
made sgressby with the views Of Mr. Dillon The col:
lectOr Of customs In particular named TO be liked
upon by Mir Dillon aud MIR Judd. acting In concert.
A soon as the knowledge Of this letter came TO the mo-
tce of the king, scopy was forsardsd TO the French
government requesting the recall Of Mr. Dillon. Not
succeeding In his ntrigues With the ministers, and
Mr. Dillon naturally sought other resources for conso
lstion.
The French consul, thu. disappointed in the hope,
OF overthrovipg the ministry Of obtaining for him
self as tupposed, some fat Office and finding himself
Unexpectedly thrown into the opposition. com
msnced series Of official complaints aud de
mands, Of character either trivial or unfounded
In justice. From perusal of the official correspon-
dspce In voluminous printed pamphlet u appears
that the Hawaiian Minister Of Foreign Relations
took official notice Of all these demands arguing
them at great length, and finally referred them to the
confederation OF the government Oh France
linz he raeuf ~ a.
ference there appeared Ia the harbor OF Honolulu an
armed French steamer, the Gassendi, and the Pour
suivante freste under the command Of rear admiral
de Trommelin, which forces u was soon ssceri aimed
destined 70 enforce the demands Of the ccnsuI
We have been unable to ascertain whether the admiral
acted under any instructions from the French govern
ment most probably be did not or II Instructions ha 4
been issued they based upon mis- statemsnts end
misrepresentation, and without awaiting the arrival
of the counter statements Of the Hawaiian Cover ament
The principal demand, aud one which was insisted
upon a. positively nd pepsable, was the reduction Of
duties upon French brandy, while 10 70 notorious that
the high duties, poeed for the best OF motives
60 discoursge iptempersDce, particularly among ths
/ ratiyeF entirely the Of French