The Columbia Democrat. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1837-1850, 1849-12-29

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portaut audi garfield INTO effect whit sbeleyed
promote the harmony Of the service The plan
proposed tor rrurIug disabled officers and proyld-
ing an asylum lul such 81 the rank and Tile 40
rom age, wounds, and other lnhrultles occasion
ed by service, have become unhl To perform thelr
respective duties, Is recommended ash means oI
increasing he efficiency Of The army and as an
act 0f Justice, due from a grateful cOumfy TO the
faithful soldier.
The accompanying report Of the Secretary OF .
the Navy presruls lull and satISlacOr! adcount
Of The condition and operations OF The mVn ser.
vice during the last year. Our citizens engaged
in the legitimate pursuits Of commerce have en-
loved it's benefits Wherever our national yes.
sells have been received with respect, our oihceTs
have been treated with kindness and courtesy,
and they have, on all occasions, pursued course
of strict neutrality, in aCcoldance"lIh The policy
! OF our government
The naval force at present in commission is as
large az Is admissible, with the number OF men
authorized bS Congress 10 be employed.
Invite your attention to the Recommendation
! oC the Secretary OF the Navy, on the suhecN OF
reorganization ofthR Navy in lis various grades
ofofIcers and the establishing ol rellreu ll't 10y
such of the officers as are disqualified for actlY
and effective service, Should Congress adoJ
some such measure as is recommended, II w
reduce its expenditures
| also ask your attention to the views express
ed by him in reference to the employment W
war.sleamers, and IN regard TO the contracts iot
the transportation Olthe United States mails, and
the operation OF the system upon the prosperity
Of the Navy. .,o
Ry an acl Of Congress passed Aug l4h, ls4S,
provision was made for eXlrhdlg lrsl'ou'ce ana
mail accommodations To California and Oregon
EXerliuns have been made to execute lhat Ia"
but the limited provisions OF The acl'lhe lhauequa.
cy the means 1t aulhurisrs, the III adoption of
our post office laws to he situation OF that couE-
try. and thrIneasures of compensation for services
allowed by III, Sc laws, cen pared with the prices
OF labor and reursin Caiiorniarender those exer-
ptons, in a great degree Intellectual. More par.
; ucular and efficient provision by law IS required
! on this subject.
The act If ls45, reducing postage has now, oy
its operation during iUur years, produced results
, iully showing that the income from such reduced
hostage is sufficient TO sustain the whole expense
ofIhe services Of the lest Office Department, not
including the cost of Transportation IN mail steam!
els on the lines from New York TO Chagres, and
from Panan to Astoria, which have noi bteh
4 considered by Congress as properly belonging 10
p the mail services
: II is submitted to the wisdom Of Congress,
y whether further reduction Of postage should
not now be made, more particularly on the letter
corrpspordpuce ! his should he relieved from
:, the unjust burrhen OF transporting and delivering
Il the rranked matter OF CCngltss, for which public
" service uroyison should be made from the treas
my. confidently believe that a change may
. safely be made, reducing all single letter poslag
- TO the uniform rate Of five cents, ,Tegardless oi O.
tance, without thereby imposing any greater
h on the treasury than W0nld consume
: moderate compensation fer their pnhllcse ser
and therefore respectfully recommend suc'
uClion, Should CongIes prefer to ahoIl
irankiug privilege entirely, II seems prtbF
no demand on the treasury would rtsnIl
. proposed reduction # postage. WINS
y, iunher dIminulirn should now lie HNV
" result of the reduction to five cenA,r
II have rrcoumend,d should be first to-
4 mIlled to your dtClSltn. 81
u Since me commencement Of tie l%,v
y Congress, Postal lrtall with Great
~, been received and ratified, and such re
4 have been formed by the Post Office Depa",
- of the two countries, III pursuance Of that :
as 10 carry its provisions INTO iutl operation
. attempt to extend this same anangeu rrit
a England to France, has not been equal
4 ful; but the purpose has not been aOeDdc
. Fora particular statement Of the Condil ,
=, the Post Office Department, and other matters
j. connected with that branch oithe public servre
Il refer YOU to the report Ul the Postmaster GentT'
It al.
By the acl Of lie Sd ci March, ls40, Boart
v, was constituted to make arrarrtmrl T. for taking
r. the census, c. mpt sed Ci tie SeCretay Of Slat,
!. the Attorney General al dit Wa made the duty
D; of this Roard 'tO IrtpaIe and cause 10 be printed
= such lufn ard sci eGuts az lEhi he hecessary
e Tor the iul rnumtralCn h NE United States;
n .rd sl,u lroI cI loms ard sci etrls for coeC-
, -. ~ ,'or lt., ia g,rn
- information as Ic mines, agIlCuulc, commerce,
If Manufactures, etuc arron md other topics at would
IS exhibit a lull view OF the puruiIs industry, ed
d ucarion, and resources oi the country"
d The duties q joined uprn the Cersus Board,
r Tins established, having been putuntd, II now
J, ItsIs with CoTgmss 10 rrad law TOR carrying
. into eject lhp pICIiion Of the Constitution " hlch
reGuirts an actual enuu eraltn Of the people Of
# the United STATES within It E eDusuirp year.
: Auug the duties assigned ty the Constitution
Il toIhe General GCyuI is Cne olltCal al lin
II tied az pICttCn, bit net, On hat account, the
y. less cbIgauy: alludp 10 lie trust G. mitttd 10
il CougTCssas tie exclusive legislator and sCl' guar
# dian Of the Interests ol the Districts Of Columbia
h beg to c, nerd these interests 10 your kind
+. attention As ll' NalI,rPI ntuUUlH, lie city
Of Washington Il ut bt IN rjtCl ol CEREAL inter.
est and, ltubCCd as II v&S ~ tt &usI ices If him
e whose in mortal NINE II lrals, lis claims 10 he
i fosterI Cale q Cur'P's IIts,Iliitnst'e' W IN
}, additional sirtrglh Nha'O,r can contIittte TO
. its prosperity must q ll II feelings C lis Con-
if slrurioral gundiaHs, and Command their iavCra-
!. | bic consideration.
a Our Gwen m,nt is one Of Limited powers, and
d its successful adu ,Iistr5li,r emnsntly depends
G on NE CO. fltUrlt Il each Of its coordinate
;. branches within lis twn appropriate sphere. The
t. first section Of the Constitution Ordains that call
g legislative IGWers II er,in granted Il all be YES
/. ted in a Congress Ct the Jnlltd Slatrs, which
If shall consist Of Senate and Home of Represen-
lativCs. The Executive has authority TO recon-
- mend mot TO diclatt) Ttasurts 10 Congress. -
b Having ptfun ed Hat CutI, the Executive
;. derarm Of II le GONcrrH Hfni cannot righiiulIy
;, control the tCCisicn Of CcrgrGs on any subject
Of Legislation, urlIl tlSl decision shall have been
e officially :, In iutd 10 tleiGn for approval
E The check IrCyiGod ly tie CCrstluli'n. in the
. clause Conlcrrrg The GualjfedNric, viii never te
n exercised BY ne, exec in the taes conltnpIa'
>. led by the iaIleGs Of lhe Republic. yltw II ss
r an exreme ntasuIP, to lie ItsClifd TO only IN
. eXitaolCinaIy C5sis-is wluP il may become
necessary 10 telerd the Executive against the en-
/. croaCl mems OF tie legislative lt"n, cr TO pre-,