Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1849-08-24

governed IN Tue teTfltOry UtioIe luc Hs"J'
laws Of sovereign, vho cedcs territories, can De
impressed upon territory alone and mace insePa-
rable from it. II a territory be transferred with
out people incorporated by the treaty with the
people who receive the cession, the anlhoIhy OF
the laws of The former sovereign, in Inc teffho-
ries, ceases With his dominion.
The Mexican kabans have the risht lesel-
we'd TO them by The treaty, which for any'hlps
We can foresee, they may exercise, 10 leave 'ne
territories, and reside in some part OF Inc hePuo-
lie OF Mexico, or TO continue their residence In
California and New Mexico, as foreigners Sh.
NJ exican cizers Should IBey become clizens
OF The United States, will be the IF CT OF pro-
cess OF naIuraz stion alter residence, Tor heces-
siy for some lime in the territories, alter tney
became territories OF the United States.
They were foreigners before the cession, and
their righs to remain in the territories as toIesn-
ers was recognized by The treaty, which prescr'o-
ed mode in which they might atierwdrG DC ma
turaliz and become citizens VI the U States, as
acts OF Congress Go Tor the ben,fi; OF all Other
foreigners, vao establish themselves in the U nied
Slates and apply Tor the rights vi cll.zsnshIp.
The Mexican inhabitants have the privilege, IN
common with all other foreigners, Of seeking
and obtaining naturalization, but neither they Or
any oher foreigners have or can oquiye, the night
TO subject to tie laws OF The native country OF
any CT them the citizens OF The Uuio1 10 States,
or 10 ATTY Territory Of The United States.
Tie eleventh article of The treaty contains
statement OF fact made, and therefore affirm, d
10 be true, by the governments OF the States
and OF Mexico, that great par. OF The terri erie
That were ced,d, was occupied BY savage tribes
OF Indians They were mol subject 10 Mexico,
or 10 any local authorities established by that
Republic. From other sources OF information
we have learned, that all bu; sma i pars, lomrasa-
lively, oil the territories were occupied exclusive
ly by The tribes referred 10 in The treaty. They
Rad preserved that independence. They had
chiefs and council; aud usascs. or laws vi their
own. They acknowledge no allegiance 10 Mexico,
and rendered no obedience TO her laws; bu, w.re
almost constantly engaged in wars against her.
The Mexican inha banis were indebted, for heir
occupancy OF The sell, in many oil their settlements,
10 The suilrages OF some OF The tribes, which had
the power 10 terminate The privilege whenever
they chose-and they frequently c1tioguished it
suddenly, and took compensation Tor The Temporal
~ possession CT the SOIL in the plumber oi pro-
perry, aud massacre OF The people.
These Tribes had by their power and cruelty
excited such terror 10 Mexico that The United
States were required, by mat Republic, 10 create
by Inc treaty an obligation upon tie General
Government TO prevent the tribes lorciby il ne
cessary, IRON making any incursons into any
territory, which CONTINUED, alter The treaty, to b.
a par Of Mexico, an 10 punish and exact sails
faction for them from The Indians, il they should
elude The vigilance ard power CT me Unilcd
States, and make aay such incursions.
These in:ians, in The uL.!istlrhed possession
Of nearly ail the .srTiories, held slaves, as tie
parties 10 the treaty admit, in lie lib artice u
il, and would sell and transfer them 10 others;
and according 10 enc Ol The mos. recent ~ hor.
tiles, Iodian men ard women are held in lecll
serviluce " Callornians who are The descen-
danls OF The Spanish conqne!o's, and torm !hc
best part II The whole population oil Cali!eioia
The usage, OF law Il The Indians on III, cub |
.ct, which prevailed over nearly all the leTriio-
res aUii.ol!2.f s!avrfy. Al the time, and before
Tic local government OF the territories vas over |
thrown b. lhe en- plofmenl I'll the military pow
er u The Uned States, this Indian usage or
law as we'll as the authority in relation 10 prop
eny OF The same kind under which The CaliiJ.-
mans ac.eo, prevailed. Properly in slaves, !.eld
by The Indian inha bilanls Of The territories, ard,
probably, by white persons and MeXiclas resi-.
ling among The tribes 4, The time OF the ccssor,
IS recognized by The United States in The eey.
nth article OF the treaty.
One Object Of he article was 10 prohibit, in fu
ure, any purchase, by any inhabitant Of the U.
Sales, o! any Mexican or foreigner residing in
Mexico, who had beef cap.ufei by Indians in
labiIins The territory OF ether Of The two repub-
les. This prohibition relates 10 all the persons
vho had been previously captured before The ses.
ion b. the Indians OF California and New Mex {
60. Another, and The next part OF The same ar
icle, binds The United States 10 exercise The in ;
uence and power of The General Government ,
aithuliy to rescue and return 10 their country,
T deliver them 10 he representatives Of tn Mex
an Government, all persons captured within
] lxican territory and carried into the territory
The Unhtd States after the cession, as we un. r
.rSlaId The meaning and effect OF the treaty to I
e. No part Of the treaty requires The Govern !.
lent OF the United STATES 10 exiirguish The claim =
the Indians to property in their capivcs, or 10
-event them from selling their cap,iyes 10 any
her person than an inhabilanl Of the United
Ises. The prohibition in The Iealy extends no
riher than 10 make il unlawful for any inhabi.
nj OF The United States 10 purchase Or acquire I
~ such capliVes. In The Limitation Of the pro. F
bition is recognition by The governments Of "
c two Republics, OF the property Of the Indians C
those who claimed under them, ia such cap
res, and OF The right Of those who were The ow.
rs al the time OF The ccssion 10 sell their slaves
ATTY other person than an inhab itant OF the u.
ales" p