Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1849-04-13

1 tllS is Inc great pOiit IA "HiSh P"'',
| philanthropy and philosophy are concerned,
But il is asserted that the system 81 the Sou'i
is depopulatng; tina, the people OF Virginia AZ
deserving her: that The population OF Kentucky j
almost stationary, and that the whole Son'hesi
section is bur lhinly SET ed, and promises 70 re
main so. II il be meant By all ihIs IhaI Sou.heIi
modes oil living are Incompatible win dcES'
| population, admit il, and rejoice 10 II. 30 idl
as The concentration IL people IN towns and c:te'
is concerned, have endeaYorcd to show ma
such a thing is not so much ~ be GeSiled. -Soi
do | think il eIpetient Ia promote lnc aug
men,a!ion OF numbrs within the territorial iiiiii>
of STATE, BY minute subdivision CT farms aLc
plantations among multitude OF propflstots oi
, tenants. Such is too much The tendency IN Nit
free States. anil in other countries; and u has
been found iatal 10 agricultural improvement
Il has resulted in France, in reducing ne average
s;z, ~ arms Ia an area ut three or four acre., hri
under their laws of descent BY distinct proprie'
tors. And in part of Scotland, and IN Ire
land. tracts cf similar size are held Dy sepa'
rate tenants And it is precisely among lhe
peasantry of France, the croitiers OF Scot anu
and The cotriers of Ireland that stagnalon an
deso.ation have overspread the land, and SENT
barbari,m and starvation the people. nc ~
vision Of land Tor cultivation INTO very sinai'
tracts, is destructive II lis value Inc soil OF
France is, on an average, OF unusual ler''ii'g'
and its climate SO genial as to be faSorao'e 10
great variety of productions. Yet there, with
dense population of lis own, and IN the neigh-
borhood Of Great Britain, with IT'S mighty cites,
The greatest market in the world, the average
value of land is only FIVE or six dollars per
acre-is less than in Virginia. In England Inc
average size of tracts held BY the several sorts
of tenure is about 50 acres, which Is about as
small as can be made proitabe-as small Us IS
comptab. with the due rotation ot crops, aJu'
dcous variety of stock, and The prompt auop-
lion Of improvements in culture and utensils. III
France the owner OF three or Tour acre
farm, worth only S25, cannot ot course afford 10
buy an improved p!uueh-much less can t"e
uHter uf such tract ~ Ireland. IL wouli cos'
more that the whole crop is worth. Accordingly
a large proportion oil French and irish Iila"e :
performed with The spade, Al great expense 81
manual labor; art, accordingly, II IS III rns'hhu
chiefly where he tracts are large. mat Inc Hhneih
Improvements in agriculture have been maGe--
and there the sell is more productive ami Foh1-
able. Tha! some VifgiLiaaS ns'ead oi adopting
some 4! The new mehuis vi preserving ans' ~.
storing the fertility .! their lands choose 10 emf
CRATE 10 The new States where ne SOL Is already
Itch by nature, and is cheap, results from I mere
calculation and comparison oi the Cost Of me '"o
systems. And il it BE- ionnd more prom acte 70
remove 10 new, than 10 rcGovale an Oh SOIL u
is an evidence OF htii rather than poverty IN me
emisiant. And Of this the superiority ol the
new Southwestern over the new NORTHWESTERN
states, which wili appear 10y a comparison Of
their plolelty and population is ample proof :
But the impression exists, that the population
Of the South, as a section, is really stationary,
or is declining And this being assumed, It Is
regarded as evidence that the people OIL Inc
South are migrating, either from dissatisfaction
with lis institutions. or with lis progress and
prospects, or that the vices peculiar TO rs sys-
tenn are unfayorabe 10 the increase Of is po-
pulalion--or that al these combine 10 depopu-
late her.
But all this IL a mistake. II we deduct from
the free States the foreign emigration ard lis
Off prng, the residue representing the native po-
pulaion, does not indicate SO great a natural IN
crease, as the present number Of people IN the
Southern States.
or the foreign cmigrants. no register was
kept until 1920. From that year until l'iO, u
amounted % morc than &c 900 persons, accord
Ing 10 the returns. But large numbers came ~
the way Of Canada, for which during conslde
TaOle pcTloH tne lacI'ti"S were sicuei 'a -
the direct route. These nave oeen essluia-
ted at hal the number registered ID 'he custom
house. Assuming. however, The whoic nn'nosr
TO DC q million, when IS tnc lowest estimate
nave seen. their haturai increase ~ 'He '"1ny
years, could mol have oeeh less 'fiah 'lii 4 UNI
lion-making oU0 OoV. Now lhc "ni.c Popu i
laion oil ISIS, III the itee states was 500. 40
dsducting l,ouu,oto u "ou'i pc o'oo''4oi' =,
1890 il was 5,o35 9,3 ara mas consequently IA"
4 natural increase ol 6O per cent. o
The while population ~ mr. SCUM was IN io-o'
2-s53aSo anu Is now = "'o'oo', wh'ch c."'I'9 .
na'nFal increase ol % pei ecu. 10Y -, ,..'"
an ihr l're'sH e"isid''on ~ ~ s.,'n ~, ~,
~ ~ h""' w. '"' So. :, ,,h,
NOR uia" 'ne -, rN :. az
Ha ~, .en"ss" :" ~ ~ - -, >,
rms evidence % W. s'.'' "d'"'"' i"e.s',S.
oou'hcih WIG '"r':a'' - -. H.
n.hef ihpn,aion "sdiis' :. 's1s .ui;."' :. Wv
N"Ilh. \ h"s oesh ~ '"a' S'"s.,; : a - .
clifton ~ 'ao'i' ''"' W. - W. RI
ne SCUM 'e'u>e ~ WIN, gu "'e ~ ''..".'
anu 'hdt fom o'e"'>s 'ie5 oo'o'"I W 'f"', =
vicious an" ''e"' ~ W '"'"' - ~
'"c'e,s' " i'P"'"'" t;i
'ohai ''gor, u''hinisHes ue huu'oel VI e' ~,
nIeu, anu an'Se wv ~" '"a. 90 - 49,"
hereditary ihhrmiiy anu premature ueh'.' INC
TACT IS disclosed oy me census, which Is very
significant on this point. There IS an excess
among the white people OF The South OF l32,Oi2
males. Among those OF tho North only 1870
This is about 81 00b less than The proportion the
North ought 10 have, 10 equal The South. But
when we consider that the foreign population
sc,tles almost exclusively in The Northern
states and contains much more than lis prnpor-
linn of males. il is apparent that The deficit o!
10 NH !, noie nonilo,;on i mrch larper.-
Non, ,l,s v;cs. If civilized societv affect male,
ia. ,o,,ur man ond h,.a f,r moro than any
'"i'"y, Joa"s nv" 49, 49, -
other. Ano II II were true mat tne ooilh l.
more immoral than the North, il would appear
!, ,hs deficit nf male nopuIation But The re.
verse seems TO he The fact.
The exclamation Of mis- result is 10 be found in
mo same circum,raoces ina, determine the reIa.
~. we.,,h M N. two sections. The South is
,,r,I IN ,es;derce mi ha HIS. II DOES not present
-, ,an'n,,,;nn ar ,be ornor,untv for sensual .fa