The spirit of democracy. [volume] (Woodsfield, Ohio) 1844-1994, 1849-02-24

to be summoned as we'll as those to
which their trade and Inhabitants were
transferred except1a few which petil
toned to be eased. Of the expense. then
usual, 7of maintaining their members,
four shiIlings day being allo wed for. {.
knight of The shire,, and two sIiIlings
for citizen or burgess-- which was the
rate Of wages established in the reign
Of Edward III. a Inst. 16.) Hence
the members for boroughs now bear
above d quadruple proportion to those
for counties, and the number Of pnr.
lament men Is increased since Fortes.
cues time. in the reign Of Henry the
Sixth, from 800 10 up wards Of 500, ex
elusive Of those for ScoIland.o The
universities were in general NOT eInpow.
cred to send burgesses TO parliament /
though once, in 20 Ei,oard l., when u
parli,ment was su'nmoned to consider
the kings right to Scotland, here were
issued wri,s which required the univer.
shy of Oxford to send up four Or FIVE.
and that Of Cambridge two or three. Of
their most discreet and learned LAWYERS
for that purpose. But il was King
James the first who indnlged them with
the permanent privilege to send CON
sranlly two Of their Own body I" serve
Tor those students VINO, though usei','
members Of the community, were nei-
ther concerned in the landed nnr the
trading interest. and to protec,, in the
legislature. the rights "f,he republic Of
tetter.." r Bkd. Com. ia. .aJaaa
Wills, | have shown. h." "wever, iha'
representation. other than hy counties. I.
~ n departure from The ieuiai system
md th- English constitution, ! have
nnittei IN speak nf the doctrine al elrc-
ting t,y slns sle dist, ets. & That is a-dm.
trlne l,f our avn tunes peculiarly. not
ronceiv.dmnre than atmut thirty years
since. nnd never hefnfr put intn pluc-
tice I'll the establishment ni the pres
en-, New York G"ns,itutinn. County.
oorough. CITY, and university nemhers.
ia The House Of Conmuns have nearly
always be. n rated by pairs. and are $"
rated Il, this hour. The ather system
(of elec,ing representatives singly) may
be good one, bu. il is. must assuredls '
an nniried one: for the experience oi
New York has vet produced no calcn.
iahle result. OF the 4S9 members Of
parliament elected Tor England, before
the reform act, 40 counties returned
iwu knights each, % cities tvo citizens
sich. AMI one city (lond"n) four cili.
zens, l65 beronghs i,oo burgesses each,
and two bnroughs Weymouth AMI
Melcomhe Regis four brrgessas each.
and eight Cinque Ports and branches
4 10 harons each. --Jncobs LaW Dict.
Tile, Parliament, vi B. In the Re
inrmed Parliament, there are 253 nem-
hers for counties. 399 ipr C lies and bo-
rnughs. and 6 6meml,ers Tor universities,
Scotch and Irish members.
To the English representation alone,
saws Mr.. Hovemien, "67 county mem.
hers have been added, whilst 90 bor.
ough members have been struck oH."--
| Bia. Com. I74. note.
A revision Of The various state con
in force at the time ours was
adopted, will put n guistus upon lhe as
sertion that tbs single district system
was then considered desirable, andwilI
show how i. came thattbe system Of
representation was adopted in
Ohio. . ~ 8.s ,;1-ss
The New England States were set
led by. population principally emf.
,rants from lbe cities, Ior it w'r in
he cities Of England that the Puritan
action preduminated,] whilst the South.
I'm colonies were planted by ceunty
cnvnliers, 10 whom the hat'-
Is Of trade and commerce were repul-
i've. We find, the reiore, that New
England, in. very early times, subdiyid-
ID her counties into towns, [precincis
ike our townships and erected them
MO corporations, with seIectmen and
',her officers Of considerable authority |
nd importance. The South, however.
,rone to agricultural pursuits. and
verse 10 density Of population. retain
a The county dioishns entire -en,rist
NJ their government, clue ay, 70 The |
'hesiffsand Magistrates manImsing the
ouniy courts, excrptsin The qcaseloi
it,es ors t"9ns pssui.'usls incorRorat,
d, and.enlistsiI. by ,ie ros nj charlers.
. separate representation. Ills mol
therefore, ,hal 'hpse ai,ersr
settled cpnpp..utlppii,irs should lh'ns. haye
dhp,eA diverse systfmst n9sd ssd .r6.
'dThns, ssIDssachnsetlsakv her constr
ition nfsi7so, provided thai svery,Gori
nr,, . sf0yn I s.o flttininy o0e hundred