The Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn. Territory) 1849-1855, 1849-06-21

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From Bicknelrs Reporter.
Our Country and the Future.-The Dis
position to Wander.
LAND AND LABOR.
We have already alnded to new publ
cation on Political Economy. by Henry L.
Carey. Esq. of this city. We have looked
over It's pages with no little interest, and
have marked several passages Tor transfer
TO our columns on the first opportunity
The work is the result of deep thought,
close observation, and profound study ne
details are by no means so duh and stat!stl-
cal as the hasty reader might infer IRON the
nature OF the subject. n vast amount OF
valuable information Is here collected. he
views of Mr.. Carey on the future, and the
disposition of Our population 10 leave cult
waited for wild lands-civll'Zed for compar-
atively savage life, arc especially entitled to
attention. He says the population Of the
United States is at the present moment about
81 ,000, 00tj, and The surface comprised With
in the existing States and Territories eX-
ceeds million of square miles, or Gao, )OO,-
600 of acres. Each of these Is capable At a
moderate estimate, of feeding full grown
man, and were it properly cultivated, IT
would cioihe him TOO. The surface that L.
already organized, Is capable Of maintain
ing Gao, O0O, 600 Of people, or two-thirdS Of
the whole population OF the globe. And
vet, saws Mr. Carey, men are seen by thou
sands aud almos, tens OF thousands, remov-
ing 10 Oregon and California, to appropriate
more land, Of which they must cultivate the
poor soils, while behind them are left fertile
lands covered with the fines. timber, and al
most utterly vaueleSs. He says that ioF the
l,enefit UI' iiic rich lands iropi which 'atnn
thus flies, his predecessors have iabored du-
ring more than century. For their bene-
fir. they have made roads, railroads, and
canals, have built houses, and towns, and
cities; and he can purchase them, with all
their advantages of timber and soii, at the
price sometimes OF sixty cents an acrc--or
une-twentleth OF the Interest they have ac-
qnired in these Improvements; yet he flies
from them To commence the work o' cult
walton upon poor land that has no value, ana
that can never acquire any la, from the Ia
Dor hat he bestows upon II. He flies from
rich lands, that be may have at far less than
cost to Obtain poor ones ut full cost; and a
heavy cost it is. He flies from lands that
are covered with manure that has arcutnu-
lated Cor ages, and that he may have for lit
tie more than the labor of clearing them,
while men near towns pay thousands OF
dollars q year for the manure yielded by the
produce of poor lunds cultivated by him and
Others Ike himself.
This too, notwithstanding the natural ten
dency of man is to combine bis labprs with
those of his fellow man. He knows that
two can roll, and four can lit, a log, that
one alone could neither roll nor lift. Here,
however, men are seen flying from their
fellow men, each one seeking to roll his own
log, for lift it he cannot The labor of each
is .hus wasted on the road. The manure OF!
his horses is wasted on the road; and his la
Dor is unprofitably employed at the end of
his Journey.
Why, then, is this why is it that men
should leave Western New ork, or w est
ern Pennsylvania, where railroads run thro'
rich undiscovered with dense forests through
swamps that need draining alone to give to
cultivation the richest soils in the world, TO
seek the West, where they must cultivate
poor soils distant from market, and in many
cases yielding but ten bushels of wheat TO
the acre! WHY do men seek Iowa, 10 raise
from IN acre thirty bushels of Indian corn,
that before it can reach market must he con-
veft-d into pork, while the lower lands of
Vi nia and Maryland are abandoned
La that are nearer to the great market OF
Eal pc, and from which, by careful cult
walton, hundred bushels might he obtain
ed? Why is it that men fly from the mead
ow lands of South Carolina, leaving the re-
manning inhabitants prey to fevers and
malaria consequent upon diminished poru-
latioB, to seek the thin lands of Texas, ut
the heads of the streams there to raise
small crops to he wagoned over hali-nade
roads down 10 new towns, possessing no one
Of the conveniences that tend so greatly to
diminish the friction between the consumer
and the producers; Why is it that men are
everywhere seen flying from their fellow
men: from those destined by the Deity to
be their helpmates: from parents and rela-
tions: from old houses, and old churches,
and old school, houses old comforts, aud
old feelings: and from all the convenIences
and advantages that tend so largely to pro-
mote their happiness and their respectable
ty, and to increase their powers of exertiOn:
to seek in Texas and Iowa, Oregon and
California, new homes and new relations,
amidst woods that they cannot fell, and
swamps that they cannot drain, and upon
the poor soils that yield, invariably, the
smallest return to labor?
These things, continues Mr.. Carey. would
seem almost impossible yet if we turn to
India, we may see the poor Hindoo cultiva-