The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1849-04-12
EDITORS CORRESPONDENCE.
Correspondence OF the Union.
NEw YORK, April 8, 1919.

NEW YORK., hPfH ., ioto
kaian -sgans.
Next to the threats against the spirit of progress involved
in the present attitude of Russia the condition OF Italy, It's
past and prospective future fill the hearts and minds
of the people OF Europe the regeneration of the government
of France being already fixed fact, well the regen
Grafton of many of the political of Prussia and
Germany The advices from southern Europe by the
Niagara point surely immediate renewal OF hos
ites on the northern frontier of Italy to some great
antiberal movement on the part Of Russia. nations
fate, it may be- hangs upon the of the Italian news
to by the ext steamer. The lives and fortunes OF
the Italian millions aud political future of their de-
cendants tor single generation, will probably have been
decided the next English reaches this port
With such momentous issues hand is remarkable
that all in Europe and ia this country who desire
the speedy political regeneration of the world should seek
information concerning Italian affairs with great eager
ness.
That your readers may comprehend the Italian news,
telling OF The moves upon the military and political
chess-board OF southern Europe occurring between the
respective departures of the Canada and the Niagara it
necessary that go back and briefly recapituate
leading previous occurrences.
Not long snce-a few short months ago--Pius TX was
hailed the reformer OF the Upon him supposed
the hope ofepublcanism in Italy Already many
his subjects who then the oudest hosannas his
recognise in him but the instrument of the despo of Ma.
pies This change in the sentiment of of the liberal
lists Of Italy and OF all Europe is the result of overheated
etottish misnamed democracy 1t is general to
justify such an idea. cheeruly allow the Pope much
credit for original sincere intentions in favor Of pro-
gess and interests OF the Roman States He stopped there
while his people farther Their hearts struck for the
nationality of Italy and the dependence the Peninsula
They desired put end to the political relations which
have periodically drenched all Italy in bloody internal dis
sensions and civil war; and made for centuries every
general continental contest the ring I" in which the
scourges OF the human racethose who MURDER rob, and
otherwise Cypress by 'the grace of God"have pited
their instruments (their armes) against each other
To carry out his honest purpose of partial REFORM on
the nth of March, lS4S Pho Nino granted his subjects
constitution literally oord but carefully guarding power
and knowledge from the prone touch of the people His
Senate was composed OF cardinals, supported by i'm
mense salary wrung from the poorest people in all Europe
and this body thus constituted, endowed with an abb
soute negative upon all the laws which passed by
the representatives of the people But make all
laws satisfactory himself beyond peadvenure lie re-
served still another veto in the Popedo, upon the
ures OF State which sanctioned by the representa-
tves and the Senate. This veto absolute and
qualified One clause of his constitution refused civil rights
Sfcltizcnshp) all but Catholics, and another accorded
TO the church religious and political censorship the
press rigorous existed In the days of Spanish
inquisition The libcralists of Italy who in their pubca
lions have treated the regulation OF Pic Nno with remark
able tenderness maintain that this sh constitution was
forced upon the Pope by the yran of Naples and recent
events 20 prove it, But the Lombards a hardy and
dependent against the oppression of those
who plundered and otherwise harassed them in the name
Of religion and good government and Plus IX before his
governor" lot Napes) could interfere, himself joined
them in pronouncng for the indie pendence of Ialytha is
against Austria Indeed in the ervor of his for
Italian liberty he blessed the flags and of the voun
eers going om the Eternal City to aid the tombardans
The Austrian churchthe bishops of the empire-Lreat.
ened to set for themselves il the Holy PonT favored the
rebels against the authority OF their temporal sovereign
So to ward OFT schisn in the church, Plus TX surrende
the liberties OF Italy In the hope of thus pre
ing the of the Tiara he recalled Roman soldiers
and heaped upon them reproacles for drawing their
swords lately blessed be thus drawn his own ben.
edcons too de went SO far under this threat OF the Aus
tran church upbrad the Roman volunteers for fight
ing Austrian Catholics" who he knew WELL had massa
cred and mutated Italian and children for the
sake OF the Paity trnkets upon their persons. Had Plus
TX stood by Lombardy the result of her campaign would
have been far different But the Austrian church threat
cncd and the Neapolitan government commanded diff.
erenty So the Pope secretly became reconciled to his
Austrian enemies. leaving his people ignorant of the
change that had thus taken place in the policy of the
head of their government His used the fatal
retreat of the Pedmonese army followed, that was
by the Austans crossing the Pc, under General Wei
den their march Bologna bringing them Papal
surrounding of the Popes prime pal
cities; and yet his government moved finger main.
tain its national rights defend the lives and property
OF its subjects So the Popes people, smartng under the
prick OF the Austrian bayone, took their defence in
hand, and drove the Emperos minions back into Lom-
hardy. Not until the people, unaided had driven the
enemy out of his dominons did the Pope protest aga
the conduct OF Austria His protest vain however,
form ing the for the shameless treaty made mme-
diaey AFTER in which the Roman States and Italy
sacced the Emperor extending the boundaries of his
empire, at their expense, ofcourse
Among the odous features of this treaty was one which
surrendered the fortress of Ferrara The village Bondeo
with miles in circumference and the fortress of
Ponte -d. Logo-S curo-awiil Roman terrory-nto the
keeping of the Austrans
This than the people of Italy could bear-more
especially the treaty sanctioned under the protest of
the Chamber OF Deputies.
In a short time, so great the popular indgna-
ton throughout the peninsula, that all Marche Umbria
1HA pnA RAJ innS IN ako III G.ll
order to drive the Austrian gar beyond the Po The
united Italy with the exception the organs of the
Cardinals and Jesui took ground against armsce or
treaty accusing the Pope of sacrificing the rights of his
subjects and their glorious nsuecon first blest by his
bands He wa. called on everywhere to place himself at
the head of the Italian forces, and try virtue of bull
of accommodation upon the Emperor Austria He hes
itated, and his lost its odo in what had been his
domnions; but which, early and without strug
ge he had virtually surrendered up Austria on the one
hand and Naples the other THIS state of things in
cited the people form clubs and was done throughout
Italy. Dr. Sterbni, lately exile but now Roman min
lister of Sa.e in his place in the Chamber of Deputies
denounced and exposed the Pope and his pocy-demand
ing his abdcaon of his failure by word or
deed, stand by his country against Austria The peo-
Pile after and against the of the Pope
PEELED tools of Austria aud Naples in controlling him
the Jesuits The clubs formed q junction, and once
demanded a liberal constitution. The Pope hesitaled.
The people, however, in dead earnest and next
submitted him the alternative of abdication, change
of ministry. He saw the danger and chose the neither
horn of the dilemma empowering the libcrast Mamani
to form the ministry. On the 14h of August lSIS NJ
reached Rome but his ideas radically republican,
that the old cardinals became extremely dissatisfied and
the Pope himself censured him The result was that he
Quilted Rome, and went once more into exile