The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1849-04-01


slanly 10 shut 1t In the face OF its opposers and
denim Them TO penltence or to obscurity In this il i
like the open sesame" of the Arabian Tales, which hac
only to be spoken clear and strong with emphasis ant
junction. enough, and at the rocky door to which il
was addressed flying open, offered OF gold fo
the spoil oil the spokesman So here let the words "no
extension be only spoken out by some -soiler with
no Mussuman faith but with hearty and believing
spirit, and barred.up and heavy door swings
wide open TO the speaker and admits him to share OF
dallah.
But sir, to the words themselves in what sense are
We to understand them! As far have understood
the gentlemen who use them they do not place their oh.
lecons to slavery upon the ground that IT any
particular superices of the country-as Alabama OF
Louisiana, or Texas, for exampleor upon the ground
that may any other superces but upon that of
It's intrinsic qualtes slavery established amongst US,
tution-wrong in principle, wrong IN practice, wrong
every wayand one, therefore, the strength and the
growh OF which, and The personal sufferers from which,
ought never TO be increased by act OF the government
and never shall be by any act of theirs,
This is their ground And ii the gentlemen who take it
can only show, that by extending this. institution into
our Mexican territories ITS basis made rmer and deeper
than evertha stronger supports OF law thereby pro-
vided to foster and sustain itthat condition and
habit OF society favorable to its continuance than any
pre- listing is established-tAat when is extend
ed in that direction it is not corespondenty weakened
IN any other, and that the number of slaves is actually
increased by the process il they show that by these
means, collectively, OF by other means of equivalent eff
feet, the institution OF slavery, considered whole is
rendered by its admission into those territories
powerful institution than ever-beter sustained by law
by social preferences, by private interest," and more In
capable, throughout the length and breadth of it, OF vol
uniary coniro then they will make out a case of
real and substantial extension' and of ideal only
But, Mr. Chairman, deny that the admission of slavery
into these territories will be followed by any such gene
raj and nvigOatng consequences to itself as these and
deny therefore, that the extension" of it thher in any
substantial sense is extension at all Nay, sir go
further than this, and maintain that such admission
Tar from being extension inauguration of the sys
TEN of slavery, is, the other hand one of the direct
means by which ITS ultimate extinction (siould that be
ever desired by the people who have sanctioned and who
only have the right to control i may be rendered more
accessible and more easy Every slave be it recolece
that is taken to California or to New Mexico, makes
less of the States Let them be tax an BY thou
sands by tens of thousands, it matters not the whole
process of filling up the territories with them, whether
faster slower process for reducing pro ano, the
numbers OF them where they are and, consequent
ly amounting in national effect neither less
than transfer OF these people from portion OF the
United States to another And not only Is this true OF
fer For the slayeholding States being altogether as
fruitful in the production OF everything necessary to hui
man subsistence as our territories are the people that IN
habit them just as remote any equal numbers IN the
territories could be from the period when their nau
raj progression would be checked by the sanctness OF
food Whatever, them the number to which the emgrant
slaves and their poserlty might grow up IN me iero-
RES if admitted there, it will be- allowing for the diff
ference the outset, substantially the that TO
which 1t would have grown up IN the States, had
none of them ever been removed Now, the original
supply OF slaves for this emigration must be furnished by
the slaveholdng States, whose numbers must there
be reduced by the exact amount OF that supply and
their reproduction in the territories in degree greater
than in the supplying States is clear that whilst rag
men of the slave population has changed odresdence
ioT new one the population IN other respects IS just
what it was. Not solitary human being has been made
slave by the extension who would not have been
onenecessarily and inevitably onehad such extension
taken place, and been dreamed Of As the
extent Of personal slavery cannot be changed by its trans
fer to the territories what that be changed? Not
the personal hadshps of the condition. and not the legal
enaclmens by which that condition is secured
forced for it in no respect supposabe either That
thnt nf ka thu
ries than in the States, that the property police laws
which govern him there Will differ in any material point
from those to which he has elsewhere been subjected If
slavery them in its most important aspects IN It's personal
numerical, moral, and legal aspects is unchanged If not
Interchangeable, by its admission into the territories,
where is the harm which comes OF this 'exlen-
sion,' that it should be furiousy and reentessy
| resisted! There is but solitary element OF IN
creased strength or power to slavery which this
which may contingenuy inue TO it from an increased
representation in the United States Senate. Should the
admission OF 1t into the territories result, as probably
would in the final recognition and establishment OF It
under their State constitutions, there would result with
the advantage OF being represented by additional mem
beers in the Senate; and that partcula and that only
the extension would bring along with it an unquesiona-
BILE gain In this House there would be The rep
resentaon in being founded in numbers, the whole of
the slaves who would be counted for representatives in
California and NeW Mexico, but for their removal there,
would have been added, with all their increase, TO the
count reckoning of the States from which they were
taken.
In this House, therefore, the strength OF slavery will
not be increased particle by its deprecated extension.
In the Senate will be, and is just and right, upon The
whole spirit and structure OF government, that 1t
should be We OF the South, as have already sad,
in double minorty--one of numbers and of inter-
est; and behalf particularly OF our interest minority
we entitled, consistently with the defensive prlncl-
pies of political SYSTEM to direct and adequate con
s,itutona protection
minority in numbers may be so identical in sympathy
and interest with the majority in numbers as to ENJOY
practically, and in fact the full benefit and protection OF
the majority power. But this never be the case with
the minority interest, have painful occasion
to know. Our interest separate, sectional and pecu-
lar-at all points interest OF antagonsm; adversary
constitutional colleagues allege to their feelings
their habits, their convictions OF right, and their sense oil
public duty to sanction maintain 1t and hence II Is an
interest which especially liable to attack and aggression
and will be to suffer from both unless protected by
sufficient constitutional shield. This would be afforded
in measure, by adding directly to its representation
in the Senate and afforded precisely the prlnci
pie which that representation originally granted
to such States Rhode Island and Delawarc-the prn-
cpe, namely, of defending the weaker against the power
and aggression OF the stronger But even them with all
the benefit of new and augmented numbers In the Senate
reached for, 10 other minoes, are destined to that
of minority of States we'll OF population and IN
| terest.
| Turn your eye upon that part OF our national map
which yet to be parceled into States the Mexican
territories included and it would that the probable
and natural division of it would be into about five new
slaveholdng States and six eight savehoding or
fourteen, (for | do not reckon Delaware amongst the
slaveholdng States) and shall have nineteen States
represented BY thirty eight senator's Add the new 10 the
sixteen free States and they will amount at the lowest
estimate to twenty in all, having forty -four senator's
| Thus, upon the supposton that New Mexico and