Baltimore commercial journal, and Lyford's price-current. [volume] (Baltimore, Md) 1840-1849, 1849-08-04
THE TnRACC0 TRADE

shines upon In late tract issued by the Liverpool
Financial Reform Association on the subject oil di-
rect taXation find many valuable statistics, illus
trating the condition of the tobacco trade in Great
Britain and the effects produced upon that trade by
excessive taxation, which we have briefly digested
for our readers.-.N. Y. Post.
The manufactured or leaf tobacco is imported
into England from various countries, but by far the
greatest proportion of it comes from the United
States. The kinds from thence named from the
states in which they grown-Nirginia, Maryland,
Kentucky, Missouri, and Ohio. The other princi-
pal sorts of manufactured leaf are Havana and
Cuba tobacco, both from the island of Cuba; st Do
mingo tobacco, from the island of that name; Column
bian, Cumana, and Narinas, from Columbia; Bra
lillian tobacco from Brazil; Amersfoort, or Dutch
tobacco, from Holland. There are also small i'm
ports occasionally made from Porto Rico, Turkey,
East Indies, sc.
The leaf tobacco imported from the United States
is chiefly employed in the manufacture of the several
kinds of cut and roll tobacco, and for snuff The
leaf tobacco from the other countries named is chief
ly used in the manufacture Of cigars and cheroots;
but is occasionally used for cut, roll and snuff
The forms in which manufactured tobacco is i'm
ported almost entirely confined to negro
head and cavendsh from the United States, segars
from Havana, and cheroots from Manila and the
East Indies
In the manufacture of tobacco and snuff in Great
Britain, the leaf tobacco converted into
rious forms, having different denominations, which
may be thus eXpainad viz
Tobacco stalks.-The stalk, or mid rib, after the
same has been separated from the leaf.
Tobacco Stalk Flour.-The stalk ground to fine
dry powder, without any preparation addition.
Rcturns.-Tke small pieces of broken leaf, and
the dust and sitting produced in the various processes
of manufacture.
These three articles are, by subsequent processes,
converted into snuff though occasionally returns
used for smoking.
Cut and Shag.-Thesc include all kinds W hich
have been manufactured by the process of cutting
the leaf into small pieces shreds varying from six
teen to a hundred cuts in the inch.
Thumb Cut, Brood Cut, Grass Cut, and other
names are used for varieties of cut tobacco.
Roll, Twist, Pigtail, Ncgrohcad, and Cavendish;
these are varieties manufactured by spinning
twisting the leaf or by twisting and pressing into
rolls, Jumps sticks.
Carrot Black Leaf, and Lug are other forms of
compressed leaf tobacco, now little in
Cigars and Cheroots the rolled leaves now so
well known, differing only in shape.
Rappee Snufs include all the varieties of snuff
which have been prepared by grinding the tobacco
together in the moist state.
Scotch, Welsh and Irish snuff prepared by
drying the tobacco by heat previous to grinding it.
Brown Scotch snuff is Scotch "..~H ofte-
beng ground.
Besides these kinds of snuff and manufactured
tobacco there are several varties made by variations
in the materials and extent of adulteration.
The duty " fb., on tobacco in the year 1875, was
in England and Scotland, Is. 3D.; Ireland Cd.
IN 100, Ill anu oColldiu3 10 III iiN
land Cd.
In 1898, in England and Scotland, Is. 12-20d.;
in Ireland Is.
In 1902, in England and Scotland, Is. 33-50d.; in
Ireland Is 4d.
In 1906, in England and Scotland, Is. 14-20d.; in
Ireland Is sd.
1912, in England and Scotland, Is. A 12-20d.; in
Ireland Is. 2 12-20d.
In 1913, in England, Scotland, and Ireland, Is.
3-16d.
=. Il a,,I o,,IT ro1o and &c
1919 in England Scotland, and ireland, As.
1925, in England, Scotland, and Ireland, IS.
16-20d.
1910, in England, Scotland, and Ireland, 3s.
16-20d.
The duty on manufactured tobacco cigars, che
ROOTS Sc into the United Kingdom,
From October, 1928, to 5th July 1925, 1Ss. " ID
weight
From 5th July, 1925, to 9Th July 1926, lis.
From 9Th July, 1926, to the present time, rs.
The following statement Of prices of tobacco at
the period of 1914, and statement of the rates OF
duty charged and the percentage of these duties to
the prime cost of the article, sufficiently explains
the temptations to smuggle.
Prices of Virginia and Kentucky Tobacco, list June,
1874, London, the duty charged, and the rate "
cent on prime cost.
Average price. Duty IS. l 16-2Od
Kinds of tobacco, in bond equal to
Virginia leaf .......34d. " ID. 100 u cent
DO STRIPS. ...34d' Iuo
Kentucky, ...........ohu. " lEoo
Do strips. ........... 4Sd. ouu
There variety of other tobacco, varying in price
from / to 5s. U b., in bond, which principally
used for cigar-making; therefore, taking the average
price at IS. " ID, the duty OF 5s i6-2od on tobac
co used for cigars, is only equal to about 100 " cent
on the prime cost. The duty on all foreign manu-
featured tobacco, whether cigars or negrohead, is
9s and the addition of 5s. U ID.
Average price, in bond. .... Duty s 5s. " To-
Havana cigars S. ~ equal to 112 q Ct
oh 6s iP III equal to l5tD " ct
East India cheroots, Is u h.. equal to 900 ~ Ct
Negrohead s Cavendish, Cd. U b. equal to SOOFc ct
Although there is an apparent protection OF ,oOO
~ Ct against the importation OF manufactured to-
bacco vet as it sells only at from to 3s T. ID, the
actual temptation is only from 400 to 600 u cent.
And as it is admitted that there large quantities
OF manufactured tobacco Struggled, the duty being
from 400 to GOO " ct, we might fairly infer that
much larger quantity will be struggled of unmanu-
featured Kentucky, at temptation of 200 " ct.
Tobacco stalks produced from duty paid leaf are sold
generally by the tobacco cutters to the snui-makers
at 3s to 3s I'd. % ID. The importation OF tobacco
stalks is prohibited But as they can be purchased
in Holland at Id. ~ H., the temptation, Therefore,
to smuggle them into the United Kingdom is equal
to $500 ~ ct.
With these inducements to smuggling, we shall
here quote some of the proofs OF its existence Mr..
William Maurv, who had been twenty years an I'M
porter of tobacco in Liverpool, was deputed by the
American Chamber of Commerce in that town, to
give evidence before the committee OF 1S44 and
there stated:
g The state of trade is most ruinous to the manu-
facturers from the efforts of the smugglers as well
as of the adulterers. The prices reduced below
what would remunerate them if they paid the duty
regularly, and only used that description of tobacco
For example, it costs them to manufacture the to-
bacco, 3s 4d. ~ ID. They cannot afford to sell it
under 3s 4d and yet it is sold in many parts OF
England and ireland at IS. Id and IS. ID. Indeed,
sample was brought to me the other day, purchas-
ed at retail shop in Liverpool, at IS; of course
the party selling it at IS must have adnterated, or
adulteration, can mention the of a manutac-
turer in town near Liverpool who was one OF the
few who dealt in unaduteratcd tobacco, and he was
~, , .-,uroler He told me that the first wear he