The freeman. (Fremont [Ohio]) 1849-1850, 1849-12-29

urt notes, $40, ,833, 900, and the expenses
We're IN cash $l6,79S 667,92, and in
treasury notes, S1O,833,OOO, making an
aggregate of SCI, ,63i, ,66732.
The accounts and estimates which will
be submitted in the report of the Secre-
tary of the Treasury, show that there
/ will probably be deficit, occasioned by
the expenses of the Mexican war and
treaty on the 1stof July next of $5,628-
l2l,66 and on 1st of July next, 1851
of $O,647, ,o92, ,72-making in the whole
a probable deficit to be provided for, of
Sl6,375,214,39. The extraordinary ex-
penses of the war with Mexico and the
purchase of California and New Mexico,
exceed in amount of this deficit, together
with the loans heretofore made for these
objects. therefore suggest that author
ity be given to borrow whatever sum be
necessary to cover that deficit, and l re-
commend the observation of strict econ
omv in the appropriations and expendi-
lures of the public money.
recommend a revision of the present
tariff, and its adjustment on basis which
may augment the revenue. l do not
doubt the right Or duty of Congress to
encourage domestic industry, which is
the great source Of national as well as in
diyidual wealth and prosperity. l look
to the wisdom and patriotism of Congress
for the adoption OF IL system which may
| place home labor at least on Il sure and
and permanent footing, and by due en-
coura9ement of manufacturers. give Il
new and increased stimulus to agricul-
ture and promote the developement of
our common country. Believing that to
the attainment of these ends (as well as
| the augmentation of therrevenue and pre-
yention of Frauds the system of specific
duties is best adapted, strongly recon-
mend to Congress the adoption of that
system, fixing the duties at rates iigh
enough to afford snbStan;;a and sufficient
encouragement to our own industry, and
at the same time SO adjusted as to sure
stability. s..
The question of 1.-THE continuance of the
Sub Treasury system, is respectfully sub
mitted to the wisdom of Congress. If
/
appear to be indispensable.
For further details and news of the
above and other subjects connected with
commerce, finances, and revenue, / refer
to the report of the secretary of the
treasury.
No direct aid has been given by the
general government to the improvement
of agriculture. except by the expenditure
of small sums for the collection and pub
lication of agricultural statistics and for
some chemical analysis, which have been
thus far paid for out of the patent fund,
This aid, i'll my opinion ii wholly made
quate to give to this leading branch of
American industry, the encouragement
which it merits. respectfully recon-
mend the establishment of an agricultural
bureau, to be connected with the depart
ment ofthe interior To elevate the con-
dition of the agriculturist, to increase his
prosperity, and to extend his means of
usefulness to the country by multiplying
his sources of information, seould be the
study of every statesman, and the prima-
ry object of every legislator.
No civil government having been pro-
vided by Congress for California, the
people OF that territory, impelled by the
necessity of their political condition, re-
Gently met in convention for the purpose
of forming constitution and state gov
ernment, which the latest advices give
us reason to suppose has been accom-
plished, and it is believed they will short
ly apply for the admission of California
into the union as asovereign state
Should such be the case, and should her
constitution be comfortable and the re-
quirements of the constitution of the Uni
ted States, recommend their app!ic5-
ton to the favorable consideration OF
Congress.
The people of New Mexico will also,
it is believed; at no distant period, pre-
sent themselves for admission into the
Union. Preparatory to the admission
of California and New Mexico, they will
have instituted for themselves seems like
Iy to effect their safety and happiness"
By waiting their action, all causes Of un-
easiness may be avoided, and confidence
and kind feeling preserved. With aview
of maintaining the haromony and tran
guilty so dear te all. we should abstain
from the introduction of those exciting
topics of sectional character hitherto
producing painful apprehensions on the
public mind, and repeat the solemn
warning of the first and most illustriouS
of my predecessors against furnishing
''any grounds for characterizing parties by
geographical determinations,
A collector has been appointed at
San Francisco under the act Of Congress
extending the revenue laws over Calfor
mia, and measures have been taken to or
gslnize the custom house at that and the
other points mentioned in the Act at the
earliest period practicable. The collect
or proceeded overland, and advices have
not vet been received of his arrival at San
Francisco. Meanwhile it is understood
that the customs have continued to be
collected there by officers acting under
the military authority, as they were I'M
der the administration of my predecessor
1t will think be expedient to confirm
the collections thus made, and direct the
avails (with such allowances as CONGRESS-