The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1849-12-29

all, recommend 10 Congress the adop-
dftbat s,slem, fHing the duties NJ rates
W.. ,,o4,gh l0 afford substantial aud sutii-
Lt encouragement 90 dur own industry,
.,5 At lhe same lime 20 adjusted ns 20 insure
stability,
.,i, p,saaliry Hyhem IN respectfully submit
10 tbe wisdom Of Congress, u cpnlinu-
"A important notifications Off appear 10 be-
To, further details aud views on tho above
"A orher nintigrH connected with commerce
n. 6nanres. and revenue, | rofer 10 tho re-
moi die Secretary Of tho Treasury,
No direct aid lns been given toy lhe Gen
eel Gayerumcnl 10 the improvement Of Hg-
a,ulure, e8cem by the expenditure of hmnll
.ins for tho collection aud publication Of
,,,eulural statistics, aud for some chemical
,a,l,ses, WINCH have been, thus far, paid for
M oflba patent fluid, This aid IN, IN my
,poion, wholly inadequate, To give 10 tins
.Iua brunch Of American industry the en-
.oumgemont which Il merits, ! respectfully
,,,ompend the establishment Of hn Agrrul-
mai bureau, To be- connected with the De
u,n,nenl Of the Interior. To elevate the So
s,sl condition Of the ngricullurisl TO increase
h,s po,.erily, aud to extend his means of
ussmhe,s to his country, 10y multiplying his
.oBrrs NJ information, should bo the study
of0ey statesman, and primary object
win every Legislator,
Nociyil government having been provided
by Cangrars for California the people of that
frrlufy ,impellrd by tho necessities at their
.d.ucnl condition, recently met IN Couyeu.
6n, for the purpose of forming couHliiu.
900 aud Stulo Government, which, tie latest
duces give reason to suppose, has been nc
umplished;nnd II 10 believed they VIII short
hpply for the admission of California into
be- Iuiun, M % sovereign State Should
rrh be- The cnse, mud should their cuuHlItu,
an be- coniormnhle 90 the rrquisilions orlho
constitution OF the United States | recon.
neud lhcir application To the favorable con
sheraton of Congress,
T,r-ptaple of New Mexico will also, II IL
hthr,rd. III no distant period present them
sellers inf admission Into the Union PrrpHr-
ainn ~ lhc admission Of California aud New
Mr,ru. ihr propL' 81 rHrh wil hive institute
.iu. themselves republican turm ol gov
.. .Yrri. Hlp, iup ~ foundations ~ such ptiu-
..I- mad urguuliug it, powers iu such
ofu, %. ~ them slnll seem unst likely to
t1-rl their SAFETY aud hnppiurss.7
liy awaiting their action, all causes nl IN.
,s.ucs, inny br avoided, aud confidence aud
rTti6P W;stfVcd. With view uf
N'NlIIilIll'IE lllt NWllNNlN NllO INNVNNVN Fh
dsir lo bll, we should abstain tram the intro.
d.clion of those exciting topics OF n section
% character which hive hitherto produced
niu.ul npprchcusious la the public muud;
Hi repent the sutmru warning at tiic first,
ud most lllusirlous Of my predecessors a..
gust furnishing "nuy ground for character
lng parties oi geographical discrinnn-
upns.' -.
4 C4llrctor has been appointed at san
Francisco under ~" not of Congress rNt.ud-
WF W revenue laws over CuiitdruIu; mud
uc1'utc- hhvc been taken 10 organize the
custom houEcs NJ That mud the other ports
,itrgtnlrd IA that act ~ tie earliest period
~arTcahlr. The collector proceeded over.
Ilud.4 advlccs have not yet hcen received Of
lbs arrival AZ san Francisco. Meanwhile, it
understood that tie customs have contiu-
usd 10 ho collected there 10y officers netting
under The military authority, NJ they we're
unier my predecessor. II will think,
De cNpcdicnt to confirm the collections
lms made, and direct the nvnils, Infer such
sNrvsnccs ms Congress may see lii To an.
ihoule,) 10 he expended within the Terrific
~, or To loo pnid into the Treasury. for the
purpose Of meeting appropriations for the
Improvement OF It's rivers aud hnrbOrs
4 party, engaged on the coast survey was
de7pHtChud tn Oregon IA January last, AZ.
rooling TO the latest advices, they had not
lett CHliinrna aud directions have been Civ.
eh io Hhcm, as soon as they shall have
fixed on the sites ofihc two lighthouses aud
the buoys authorized TO bc constructed nnd
placed Ia Oregon. to proceed without delay
TO make rcconnnisnuces Of the most inpor-
'aul points on the const Of California, aud
especially To examine and dercrnine on
SITES Tor lighthouses on that coast, the spec
dy erection of which is urgently demanded
by our rapidly Increasing commerce.
] have transferred the lndlnn Agencies
from Upper Missouri aud Council Bluffs to
santa fe and Salt Lake; and hive caused to |
% appointed sut-6genTS tn rt1u vuttUyS OF rhgS
ula, the Sacramento, and San joaquin riv- /.
ers' Still further legal provisions will bc
necessary for the effective and successful en-
'en'lon of our system of Indian intercourse
over the new Territories. recommend |
NC establishment ofa branch mint in Culi. |
lorna, ms it will in my opinion afford impor- |
lanl lacllltles To- those engaged IN mining, M
well as to the Government ~ the disposition I
o the mineral lands.
also recommend that commissions be |
oTurTzCt ny Congress, to rxuruittr urtd-tir-t
eye upon the validity Of the present subsisl
lng .hUd - lilies ia California aud New |
Mexico; aud that provision be made for the
establishments of offices of Surveyor General
~ New Mexico, California and Oregon, aud .
lor the suVvoying and bringing into market
the public lnnds in those Territories. Those
lands, remote in position aud difficult of nc
ce'S,onght TO be disposed of on terms liberal
TO aA' hn' especially favorable to the early
.enlgrauts,
In order that the situation aud character
Of The principal mineral deposits in Califor-
MA may he nccertNined ] recommend that
geological aud minerologicnl exploration
ne connected with the inera surveys, aud /
,At the mineral lnnds he divided into small :
!. smlInhln for mininr md be lihnnael of |