The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1849-05-21
TWO CENTS.
Message Of Governor Dana, OF Mainc-Viexrs
about;the Taylor Administration, slavery
In California. &c. &c.

In California, &c. &c.
The Incidents ATTENDING the
late presidential election furnish subjects for both
congratulation and regret. For congratulaton. be-
they clearly indicate that the most sensitive
chord in the American heart, is that which throbs
to the impulse Of patriotism General Taylor, by his
spD m an and nSS
fender of his countrys rights he has been promptly
crowned with his country's highest honors Every
good citizen must be grated in the bestowa Of such
reward for such services when done without viola
ton or disregard of other duties But it is just
source OF alarm that the people should have elevated
an individual to such responsible position, in entire
ignorance of his views relation to those great prin
distinct party organizatons-princip and
which the one party have urged indispensable to
the welfare Of the country. That such professcdly vi
tai interests should have been thus left the hazard
OF the doubtfal development of unknown opinions,
bcspeaks either nsincerity in the advocacy Of those
principles and measures, or Willingness to sacrihca
the weilbeing of the nation to considerations Of per-
success. -
But, notwithstanding these circumstances which we
cannot but deprecate of evil augury still IL il thu
duty Of all to give cordial support to his admnistra-
vctions of public policy doubt not that those who
opposed his et elton will DO governed by this rule i'm
| tXtending frank approval manly opposition Il is
TO be hoped that the country not be disturbed by
I'm attempt to abandon the commercial policy Of thu
last which has been eminenty
full In removing hackles from trade and in giving
increased facilities. Especially is it desirable that the
present financial stem of tho government should be-
contnued-that great agency, which, by its restrain
ing and sustaining influence has carried with
parative safety through universal convulson pot-
cal financial and commercial, great us the world
witnessed. ~r
The question Of the introduction of slavery into our
Mexican territory, is still open furnishing
abundant material for agitation aud irritation and de-
prving the people of those territories Of the benefits of
civil government In my first annual communication
to the Legislature expressed the deep feeling Of the
free States that these acquisitions should continue
they then were free Time has not in the least degree
weakened, but has rather confirmed that feeling.
also sumed the position that slavery could not be in
roduced there except by the force Of positive law
tah nd IN
by reference the nature of the title which the master
has to his avenot natural but mere statute, 10
cal righta right which to exist wherever the
statute to have force The view Of the SUBJ
ect has since been taken by the most eminent jursts
| in the country, and IL now not controversial Such
being the case the territories In question must forever
remain free unless surrendered to slavery BY act OF
tories If they ut the time their transfer to our ju-
rdction, had been permitted to determine the ques
tion have doubt their action would have been
prohibition instead of sanction of the institution
But il there reasonable ground Of doubt in rela
ton to the action Of the original population that doubt
cannot apply tho present or future. Shareholders,
knowing their inability to retain their slaves In the alb
tbe@ there while at the time the recsnt disco
very Of the mineral wealth Of that country attracting
thither flood Of emigration Of non savehoders Those
territories probably unanimously anti-slavery
in sentiment any state in the Union; and, being
the institution cannot exist there unless forced
them by positive law of Congresses measure
which the most ardent friends of slavery nave
never proposed. That country, therefore, is in no
than is the State Of Mane; the north have no
ground Of fear, and the south have no hope OF 1t.
Both fear and hope might perhaps have reasonably ex-
listed many minds before the character Of the popu
ation became fixed by recent free emigration, and
by the absence of any effort for slave emgrston but
since that they without foundation II such then,
is tire position Of the territory in question:, con-
gressional prohibition of slavery therein would be
more productive Of practical result, than congress
sional prohibition Of Mahommedanism; neither
list there with or without prohibition; and yet the
north and the south both excited the extreme
bitterness, the insisting prohibitions and the
other resisting IL as just cause of dtsuiOn The early
territorial governments desirable.
only for the protection of the exposed and
property fellow citizens but for the purpose Of
alayng agitation which only be productive OF
The timber townships contain far the most valuable
reservations, while they generally hold out but small
Undue to settlements. Undoubtedly the largest
receipts will be from reservations in townships which
will remain unoccupied for centuries am impressed
with the belief that 1t will advance the general nte
rests Of education and be far equitable and just
the products of all these reservations gathered
into fund for general educational purposes provision
lated sum to the inhabitants Of any township, in
mutation Of their reservation whenever they be-
diton may be made to our school fund.- large portion
Of which would remain for long and indefinite period
give aid to the cause OF education throughout the
State
The products Of agricultural labor undoubtedly
greater value than the combined products Of other
labor in the State and yet pursuit
general attention than any other From It's unobtru-
siveness 1t has allowed itself to be nearly overlooked,
although the great interest OF the State.
But with means ofeducation, little advance
be made towards its accomplishment There IL
in the State, and probably not in New England an
Institution where q practical scientific agricultural
education be obtained Three fourths Of our popu
aton are farmcrs three fourths Of the rising genera
ton will farmers, and yet there Is opportunity
for one of all this number, to obtain education
adapted to, and in aid of, his vocation.
the debtor for attachment the double purpose Of
enabling him to supply the necessities Of himself and
family and Of furnishing himself with facilities where
with he may ultimately relieve himself from his debts
has been recognized by our laws and Is both hu-
name and wise Rut am convinced that the sxemp.
the debtor might select whether personal Or real
instead Of the list Of specific articles now exempted,
would advantageous both to debtor and creditor;
because each individual debtor could then retain the
property best adapted to his circumstances and cacu
lated the most aid in plshing the objects
for which the exemption was made
AS the time is approaching when new State valuation
will be necessary it is well worthy your consideration
whether more just satisfactory mode Of preparing
In nv annual message to the Legislature Of lSlS.
suggested legislation for the classification Of convcts
in the State prison. in such manner as would remove
the Young offender from association with the hardened
criminal Impressed with it's important bearing upon
the public morals and the public safety ask your con-
sderaton Of the subject. .
impression upon the public mind that capital punish
ment wss practically abolished by making the duty OF
the improperly Of enforcing the death penalty while
such impression existed. The just inference from
the inacton the Legislature upon these suggestions
Is that IL did not desire its enforcement. But have
been unable to discover the grounds upon which such
construction Of the law rests and am forced to the
conclusion that the duty Of ordering execution is
imperative upon the executive unless the power OF
coinm1tatio Of punishment Is intcrposed.
The cent Dendment of the constitution providing
for the meeting the Legislature at the present time,
was induced by the belief that 1t would diminish the
expenses of the government by shortening the sessions
bit the result has proved this hope entirely unsjunc
Tie change has imposed heavy ald unnecessary bur
then upon the members Of the Legslsue and all VIII
lave legislative business transact by requiring thor
attendance at time when the private ensIS:@ I'm Of
all classes most pressing aud 1t has ias1 '" eeu'
any corresponding public benefit
AZ tie circulation Of banks Is now comparatively
small and a. n q NAV reasonably anticipate an MAX of
a. raano ,o,,s for some time TO come, the present
is favorable opportunity for perspective measures
oo,o,tcd Ia retain specie in rore general circulation
w, -. 80 a. 10 some extent at least, the basis OF
~ w. - issucs Speculative aud financial skili
'"i x