New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1849-01-24

Route TO San Diego, by the ella River, the first
part OF which appeared in The Tribune Of 18th
inst.
Correspondence Of The Tribune
WASHINGTON, Jan. ID.
In commencing the jornsds the ascen, Is very
rapid the bills steep, and the footing insecure. The
view very extensive, rugged mountain, bounding the
entire horizon. The approximate hight Of the loffes,
peak Of the Pnou Lana range being "a feet above
the Ten twelve miles farther the traveller again
decends rapidly toward the ella along deep valley
the sands OF which are black with PARTICLES Of oxide
and peroxide Of iron the hill. on either side abound.
ing in strata Of black slate, compact limestone and
granite Grsss and water not 10 be found. The Their.
mometer at night the river bank go Of Fahrenheit
The Gia here presents inhospitsble look, and
not acquainted with the ground could tell from
what direction the river fOVed onward its mouth
from bat point IL In the cOurse OF SIX miles
the river is crossed and recrossed twice many times
Leaving II and following dry ravne 10 the south
three miles and crossing rdge, the traveller descends
BY another dfy creek ~ the san Pedro RIVER nsg
nhcsni stream few yards wide and about foot deep
This dry creek the Highway leading from the
mountain Businesses into the plains OF santa Cruz santa
Anna and Tucson. frontier towns Of Sonora Here 10
tue stronghold 81 the mountain robbers Nature has
done her utmost % favor condition Of things which
hss enabled savage and uncvized tribe, armed with
the bo~ and ance ~ hold tributary powers the three
and Durango. peoped BY Christian race, country
men Of the immorts COrHz. Population, commerce
and manufactures flying from the devastation aud
alarm created by these Apsches At rate which. II
speedily arrested. must leave them uninhabied
The reader viii perceive that the route from the
point Of commencing the iornada has not been d.
rect toward California and ha yet 80 miles from the
nearest Christian settlement IN hs course along the
ella 10 j. Singular that not object seen By the
pOTng party, animal vegetable, or mineral, had any
thing Ia common with the products Of any State 10
H.. IL 80 a
Latitude here 80 81 49,. Barometrical hight above
the sea 81 rs fert About two miles onward the san
Pedro joins the ella idst ss the latter leaps from the
mouth OF the csEon, IN bottom three miles wide,
seemingly continuation Of the Ola. Pursuing the
river some seventeen miles aud crossing IL four We
times tbs traveller arrives at lat sandy PLAIN. Of
smsl' extent 1T the mouth Of dry creek With deep
washed bsnks. At the Junction Of which clear pure
stream of water lows. From the many indications OF
gold, iron and copper At this place. Major Emory
named II Mineral Creek and gives his opinion that
few years Will bat boats descending the river
this point ts mouth freghted with is precious
ores Here too hocks oil geese and turkeys.
tracks OF deer and wild hogs signs of beaver. aud
myTads Of blue quail This. Of course 10 good camping
ground The next days journey IL through canon
and u will be necessary the river dozen
fifteen times, aud through the most dense grOw,hs Of
willow.
mile or two farther on we take final leave Of the
mOuntsios where Ga, released from its barriers
flows Of quietly at the OF three miles AZ hour into
wide plato, which extends syuth almost a. lar as the
tatiOn ADJ aBcing the valley the southern side OF
the river increases IN width In which Is me meadow
land reaching many miles south the whole route be-
tOkenng evidences Of once densely populated cOun-
try one feature of which found 10 the remains OF
threesoy mud house % feet square pierced for doors
and windows with walls four feet thick doubtless built
by the that hadonce 80 thicky peoped this
territory and left behind the ruins Nine miles farther
is yllage settlement offthe Pimos tribe OF Indians
very of the Apaches-frAnk, honest, unsus
pcious and intelligent The Traveller will fare well
IL 49,
struck Indeed they seem to possess civilization
worthy Of imitation oy people VINO make msch greater
boasts Off Fine fields Of corn wheat and cotton beau
tiiuy arranged and well irrigated show the peaceful
and sensible character OF these dark children Of
For Is or 20 miles onward the traveller leaving the
ella will pass the right through cultivated grounds,
uxurisnty rich soil % easily pulverzed As 10
make the pillow unnecessary. The latitude here 10 30
% 2o journey OF 40 miles Is now 10 be made without
finding sprig Of grass, when the ella Is again
met five miles along It's banks large and luxurisnt
patches of grass be found the las, for 300 miles
following Ten miles farther II Is necessary h mount
the tsblesnds to avoid bend In the river caused BY
low chsin OF black hills coming in from the southeast
These tabeands described being dreary IN the
extreme covered with blocks Of basalt and totally bare
of vegetation The bottoms Of the river, on descend
ing. will be found wide, rich, and thickly overgrown
with willow and tall aromatic weed, with many signs
of deer aud beaver Ten or twelve miles farther the
detestabe tablelands 10 be mounted again the
valley however. wdens gradually, and for most OF the
way six eight miles wide, and the soil excellent
The route u without variation Tor about - miles, when
the Gia ernptes iis into the Rio Colorado The
junction In ~ night angles through canon loo
feet long and 80 high. The Colorado is without doubt
nsvgAbe all for steamboats, up TO this point
shove ii is full Of shifting ssndbsrs, but Is doubt
susceptible of paygatiOn 10 great extent The ella
certain stages might be nsvigated up 10 the PimOs
village, and passing with small asibosts AZ al stages OF
water.
In no part Of this the rains Of Heaven
be relied upon TO any extent for the cultivation OF the
soil The earth 10 destitute OF and In great part
OF any vegetation Whatever. few feeble streams now
In different directions from the great mountains which
many places traverse this region. These streams are
separated sometimes by plains, sometimes by moun-
tsins without and without vegetation. and may
be called deserts far they perform sny useful part
in the sustenAnce of animal life The cultivation OF the
earth s therefore confined % the narrow strips OF and
which within the level OF toe waters OF the streams
and wherever prscuced IN community Win any sue
cess or 20 ssy extent involves degree Of subordina
lion, and absolute obedience 10 chief, repugnsnt 10
the habits of people The chief who directs the
time aud the quantity Of the precious trrgsng water
must be implicitly obeyed BY the whole community.
The profits Of labor are inadequate for the exist
ence Of negro slavery. slavery ss practiced By the
Mexicsns. under the form Of peonsge, which enables
the get the services Of the adut while Ia the
prime Of life without the oos OF rearing bum IN
infancy supporting him IN old age. maintaining hs
family affords no data for estimating the pronts OF ssve
sfor 10 the United States No one. says Major I'm
ory who hs, visited this country, and who 10
acquainted with the character aud value Of slave labor
IN the United Ststes would think Of ling his
own slaves here with any view 70 pront. much lees
would be purchase slaves for such purpose. Their
labor here Il they could De retained slaves among
peons nearly VI their color would never repay the
cot Of transportation much less than The additional
purchase money" These remarks are made here a..
most OF the mineral and fur regions of extent Of
country being drained BY these two rivers the location
NAV induce settlement At no distant day.
Departing from the ford Of the Colorado, there 4
fearful Desert 70 encounter about 20 nues long. or
from water 70 water immense triangular ain,
bounded on oue side BY the Colorado, the wee; oy
tee Corcieras Of California the coast chain Of noun
tsins extending from the Sacramento River 70 the
southern extremity of Lower California, and on the
north esst by smother chain Of mOuntains Tie route,
after crossing this dismal waste 10 chlety through mar
row valleys overtoPped by high bills. Of some fertility
covered with oaks This Is called ths Region Of Rains
The land In the barrow valleys Is good but surrounded
everywhere by high barren mountsns and bat little cal
culsed 10 impress favorable notions Of is Agricultural
resources 90 bill in the neighborhood Of San Pssqus
the Pacific opens for the hrst time 10 The view the
nearest port Of which Is san Diego. altogether eonsd
erred perhaps one Of the best hsbors the coast from
Caliso TO Pugets Sound with the single exception Of
that Of San Francisco. Oh
RErIRENEST OF NgrEsAS.-John n. Prentiss,
ESQ has sold bis Frec-zSa's JoAraa establishment 70
Messrs Daniel Shaw and J 7 Titus, who become ~
rrcprietors and Editors Mr.. Prenrss hN published
paper ct Coopetown nearly forty one years aud wa