The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-07-20
Eitsrarp Notifies.


republicanism emanate from Russian mind
That it may, however, occasionally, is proven by
the present book, the author Of which is an exile
in consequence Of one Of the frequent abortive con-
spiracies which have been set on foot by sanguine
men in the empire of the Gear. The work has EVIL
IDENTIFY been written in French and its strength has
not been frittered away by translation-the fact
being proven by the somewhat uncouthness and
turgdity of the style A resident of Paris, Col
ovine, threw himself into the excitements of the
Revolution, from which he expected nothing less
than the acknowledgements of Europe. He was dis
appointed, arrayed himself against the successive
governments, and finally was expelled from France.
The advertisement, preface, esquisss Of the
whole book, and commences thus forcbly: Mo-
dern history begins with l648. The old world is
overturned and new era is opened. Nations will
become sovereign and fraterna and instead Of tear
ing each other to pieces, will offer mutual assist
ance. There will be no more military or industrial
wars, but the excess of the population of one coun-
try will find refuge in another" &C.
Such were the anticipatiops Golovine formed
after the revolution of February, but now he ac-
knowedges that his hopes for the present disap-
pointed. He proceeds to dissect the policy Of the
reyolutioniss, and points out IL striking pecul-
arities-that the originators were not men of ac-
ton, and that actors were not statesmen
Golovine says that the revolutions caused ndi-
rectly in Europe sprang from contempt. In France
alone this feeling intense enough to prompt the
Il r
system that sent Metternich to London, and the
Court of Berlin to Potsdam. Metternich, Golovne
says at London, impressed on France system sur
passing the Africanism of Louis Philippe, for the
leaders of the Republic adopted the maxim of
peaceful expectation" Switzerland, our author
thinks, was a real Republic, and the revolution
which expelled the Jusuits had made it yet more
radical The Swiss wished to send 10000 men to
Italy at the commencement of the troubles in the
peninsula. DE- Lamartine, however, interfered and
prevented this, because he thought war Of any
power with Austria would extend to all Europe.
The dynasty ruling Spain, though connected by
marriage with the family of Louis Philippe, openly
proclaimed that the government of Lamartne was
more friendly to it than the one it succeeded had
been.
The government of General Cavaignac also
leaned to monarchists; for that general, one day
installing the Scilian agent for the Neapotan
minister, said, 81 am glad the expedition against
Messina has succeeded" The swarthy Siclan,
with flashing eye, replied, ''Sir, it was not the
fault of my country that it did,"
Passing in review the different revolutions of Eu-
rope, Golovine thinks they have not realized the
expectations formed of them, but promises that it
surely will happen that all Europe will be free. He
concludes thus: patience; the Cossacks will be-
come republican, for the republic is a truth, and
truth must triumph in the end"
Golovine is free from any faint of the atheism
which characterizes his school, the following
character of Pho Mono will show:
''Italy since the commencement of the present
century, has been subjected to three influences;
Rome, Paris, and Vienna; the Church, Revolution,
and Absolutism. The first was mediator between
the other two; and recommended docilty to its own
subjects, and humanity to kings, while, by the immu-
liability of its dogmas, it acted as a barrier
utionary ideas; by the necessity of its eristence it
a safeguard to Italian independence, and prevented
the absorption of the peninsula by Austria.
eThese two principles, progress and stability;
these two powers, France and Austria had hitherto
disputed in Italy with equal success. The empire
of Napoleon had been useful to the country, mas
much as he detached it from decrepid traditions,
and inculcated on it, with French administration the
democratic spirit which was its basis. The Aus
trisn restoration could destroy the ideas France
had bequeathed TO Italy. They continued to exist.
Secret societies insensbly undermined the govern
mental SYSTEM but, their plots had root in the
popular mind, they failed. This was the reason
why the Neapolitan revolution failed in 1890, and
the Piedmoniese insurgents in 1921.
"The accession of Pho Mono completely changed
the state Of things This pontiff, devoted to the
cause Of the people, made the advantages incline to
their side He did not limit his efforts the
rity of the rights of the church. but sought TO main
tain the interests ofthe subjects confded to him by
Providence
"sI wish,' said he, my government to be the
most liberal Of the free governments of Europe
Not understanding why men should be punished
for their opinions, he pardoned all political offend
ers. He did more-during his whole reign he kept
the prisons empty. His acts have been differently
Judged, but his chief merit is that he the sue
cessor Of Gregory the Sixteenth. IL is easy TO
rule after a bad sovereign, and the negligence OF
Gregory was great enough TO induce even Austria
and Russia TO admonsh him that the consequence
Of his administration would be trouble and revolt.
Let me alone, said the good-tempered old man;
let me die in peace, and my successor will attend
to reforms
"Po Mono had indeed much to do. but he set
boldly to his task. He made kings blush. Pope,
however is not born under the canopy ola throne,
60 which truth rarely penetrates. but was the re-
preventative Of christian devotion and humility, had
civzing mission to fulfil, and could ask more in.
return than any temporal prince. Pho Mono was
admirably assisted by man Of the people, Angelo
Bruncti, who.transferred to the Holy Father all the
devotion he had hitherto borne to Italian unity.
Cicirnaccho the chief Of the people, aided him also
IN his attempt to conciliate all hearts
THE liberty Of the press, which has not yet been
appreciated, and which the Pope refused to grant
unresirained, enabled him to discover abuses, and
even plots The organization Of civic guard de-
lighted the Romans, and compelled the other lts-
Ian soveregns to take similar measures. The es-
adjustment of the Consaiia was a step towards
constitution. In selecting the representatives OF the
DISTRICTS the choice Of the Holy Father was nearly
,dentical with that Of the people but this had little
influence, when people remembered that the people
had right to choose for themselves.
"Pio Mono good man, but not a statesman.
Though his motives were praseworthy, his inn
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