davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1849-11-14
lime. than the others which are filed more

lime. than the others w2ca are filed more
rapidly.
Alter careful inquiry. ! find. tina. the
cholera assumed Il more Indignant form
IN the families whose wells Of water filled
up most rapidly during rainy weather.
Tins effect seems 10 be In accordance
VITA other a>certaned facts. The pres
ence OF phtrid hatttr. IN streets and al
.ry>. is supposed 70 be an exciting cause
Of cholera. the miaSma. or anslalculai,
from which. being inhalcI OF penetrating
tae pores OF the skin. May We hot then
conclude that the same putrld material,
transferred bv the rains 10 wells or Sp:in Is
and then taken into the stomach. may a.
50 be an exciting cause OF cholera, 9th
er exciting causes existed. such a. drink
ing acid. spruce beer. eating green fruit.
and other indi9estanle vegetables. &c
But in nearly all the cases where these
causes did not exist. and the family was
not surrounded by local deposits 81 pulrid
matter. the epidemic was most malignant
where the water used for drink was taken
from wells filling up rapidly. as before
described.
II the College. where the wells are
deep. and are not affected hv rains. there
But the water of these wells like those in
town. of the same kind, IS more highly
impregna,ed with lime than the other
class. Is il not a far inference, there
fore. that the carbonate of lime. in the
wafer. is not an exciting cause of cholera,
The town Of Eaton and the city o. San
dusky, and also New Boston. Il little cas-,
of Richmond, Ind. where the cholera
was SO fatal. are all upon the elf lime
stone, or upper siluvian. The rock at
all these places lies near the surface and
| should eXpec: the circumstances con-
nected with their wells 10 be similar ,o
those of Oxford.
The town of Hamilton, and most Of the
other larger towns along the Miami Val.
lev. are built where the diluvian is o
great depth and the water may be per-
fectly filtered in its passage through the
sands These places suffered but little
from cholera compared with the towns Oh
the highlands where there is less depth o
diluvian
1t has been observed that cholera has
prevailed more generally in limestone re-
gions, than in those of sandstone or gran
tie. and il has been supposed tina, the car
Donate Of lime with which the water is
impregnated, is an exciting cause Of chol-
era. This opinion derives no support
from the facts ascertained at Oxford. Blu
it may be asked, why should it have had
more extensive range in the limestone
districts, if carbonate Of lime be not the
cause! | need only remark III reply, tina
the explanatory statements made in rela
ton TO the Geology of Oxford. will apply
! n a lime
Both springs and wells. in limestone
countries. are generally affected by rainy
or dry weather, in the first being ilusl
and full of water, and III the last otter
failing almost entirely. May not The
greater prevalence Of cholera in these ca
ses, be due TO the influx Of putrid matter
from the surface Of the surrounding
lands, Yours,
DAVID CHRlSTI.
Oxford, O.. Oct. 20, 1919.
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1849-11-14

matter is so VIGOROUSLY true, 50 generally adj
united, tina, it is needless 10 argue it further.
Az IN, IN varioia, neasel- hoo piug-coI.ii. Sc
once IS all we will have them bat man may
have cholera d dozen times.
Again. in all contagious complaints, the mali
dy can be traced from pate mt to patient, not SO in
cholera For Instance in practice of thirty -five
consecutive days with cholera, C onme ncing the
iirstday of Ju'y, and ending the fourth of August
and about seventy well III ,rk-d cases, I can
!-ct, AT least one third Who never were
near u cholera case
Two facts go far to explain the prevalence Of
the notion that cholera is contagious, viz: Its
usually rapid course, and often fatal termiIa-
ton. But these facts would equally prove colo
plague, apopicxy, congestiv- ciiIls, &c con,t-
gious, for their course is rapid and often fatal.
..sain, people take cholera as suddenly, Gle
suddenly. who never saw case, as those who
nurscd it for weeks. How many take The small
pox, &c, who never saw or approached a case !!
Not in THOUSAND I will here relate
anecdote, illustrative of this matter. | was
called to the wifi. aud daughter OF Mr. Ks,
well, before ! had time to breathe three times at
the bed side, the question came, mot the chole-
ra, DOCTOR aud from another, mot the cholera,
DOCTOR ! Observed not sure Of that, and
after due time for examinations | pronounced
them we'll mark ed cases Of cholera. On hear
ing this, all exclaimed, ..can't be. poss:ble-not
been with the cholera, nor even been with those
who have, and to make the matter certain, the
old lady observed, "why, since the cholera broke
out at Boston, we have not been out side Of the
yard fence" Here, III many other instances,
there '.iink Out''-a conpete failure TO
trace the passing Of the disease from person 70
person; for two individuals took the cholera, who
had not only not been with cholera, but had not
even been Ith those who had.
Now be it known, that the chain from case to
case, is esse ntia feature of all acknowledged
contagious diseases. But this feature is Who'll
~ wanting III the progress Of cholera, both as
willing 10 risk the whole question on this single
argument.
But enough, has been said 10 oonv ince any
candid mind that cholera is not contagious in
the sense the word is used; hence must &C
count for its progress some other principles,
and th. shall attempt 10 show in some future
effort, should you deem this worthy place III
your columns.
W. T.. MAXW ELL.
7. :. again ask why should not have II
mail along our pike. w +. W.
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1849-11-14
Cholera and Animalcule>.

The importance Of the microscope in
investigating the origin and phenomena Of
diseases, is daily becoming more apparent.
Already has it deter mined many disputed
points in medical science. and it seems
destined to still greater achievements.
The animalcular theory Of contag on IS
likely to receive important aid. if not the
triumphant establishment, by its wonder
full revelations.
Tha, Cholera has an animalcular origin
is no new theory, but it is recent micro
scopic revelations which has given TO it
apparent confirmation.
Prof r. ID. MUssEY. Of the Ohio Medi-
cal College, TO whom we alluded yester-
dav. in the course Of series Of investiga-
tons and experiments. as earl as the first
of September last, discovered in the at
mosphere of rooms occupied by Cholera
patients, animalcules in the greatest album
dance. and. by a series of observations.
noted the changes that daily took place,
and compared these atmospheric animal
cules with those found in the rice-water
discharges and the muscle Of cholera pa
ITEMS
Prof. MrssEY experimental upon speci-
mems Of fluid obtained by the condensa-
ton Of vapor by the side Of cholera patti
ents-on single drop. placed under the
microscope. a multitude of animalcules
were discovered moving in all directions.
In the rice ,rdter discharges also, the same
animals were discovered--one OF these
animals, viewed through magnifier OF
2OOO linear diameters. appears about one-
fourth of an inch long. and moves with a
lateral flexurc of his body. like serpent
on the ground.
These animals exhibit considerable
tenacitv Of life-they are active at nearly
eighty degrees Fahrenheit. The atmos-
pheric aniinalcules survived thirteen days
in a loosely corkcd phial. and the rice
water animals were alive after fourteen
DAYS
In the muscle Of cholera patient. ia
ken ten hours after death, mul:itudes OF
animalcules were seen: but the same ex-
pertinent with a piece of muscle taken
F.. from subject. dead of erysipelas, dis
covered no; single animalcule.
The hydrant water was also tested with.
out finding any Of these animals, and tine
atmos sphere Of rooms and nei ghboriIoods
some days after the cholera had disap-
peared. was condensed and examined
without detecting animalcules.
The atmosphere Of rooms in which are
small pox patients. has also been examiE
ed. and amin alcules Of apparently differ
emf species have been discovered.
The important experiments and dis
. coyeries Of Professor MISSY. will b.
!, made public in the forthcoming Noycm
f Der number Of the Western Lancet.
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1849-11-14
r. s. e r a 4 VI, e 3
Preserving Neal.

The following extract from tue Patent
Office Report ior 1877. relates 10 a simple
method Of keeping Indian or other meal
sweet. The process many be Of value 10
the farmer as well AS the shipper. for il IS
well known that meal. unless thoroughly
kiln-dricd. will keep sweet hut few DAYS.
if exposed 10 the warm air. Who VIII
try il!
The following simple expedient has
been published as from good authority :.
and has moreover been attested as like
wise applicable to rye Ii was commune
Gated to the New \ DIRK Farmers Club. by
a gentleman who has been for twenty
five years in the ship store business: lie
says that he formerly found much diff
Guilty in furnishing corn meal that would
keep Oh long voyages, and III warm eli
mates. On mentioning the difficulty 10
Zcnas Collin. Esq. one of the oldest
whalemen of Nantucket, he was informed
by him that there was no difficulty in
Keeping corn meal sweet for three years
voyage. by putin. IA beacl, stone. the size
of large paving stone. III the centre OF
hooshead of meal, and hoped light. and
for q barrel, stone four or five inches III
diameter. and made tight. Experiments
were then made in regard TO meal for the
Rio C:rande and other southern ports. by
sending the meal with the stone and also
without the stone. and on the return Of
the ship it wa, found tina, the meal vita
the stone in the centre of the cask kept
sweet. while the meal without 1t was spoil
ed-SOur X is necessary to have the
ca>ll watertight. Tie same gentleman
likewise stated that corn meal in tight rum
pune heons, when sent t. the West Indies.
will keep sweet, while in common flour
barrel it will spoil
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1849-11-14

RE FOX CONSTRUCTING CH!MNEYs-A
very erroneous practice prevails. among
chimney builders. of contracting the. pas
sage for the smoke al the lower par, near
the Fireplace. ..This,'' saws Treadgold.
Is Ike contracting the aperture of pipe
which supplies let Ch:mnevS. TO draw
well. should be contracted al the top. The
rule for ascertainlng the required degree
of contraction j, as tollows:-
Let Il times the length Of the CRATE. in
inches. be divided by the square roo; oflhe
height o. the chimney, in feet. and The
quo,ient will be the area III inches, of the
section of the aperture at the top Of the
chimney. For example. CRATE ) inches
III length. with chimney 81 feet high. 10
which the contracting top is required--l7
multiplied by Is gives 255. which number
divided by q. the square root of 81. gives
42aa inches for the area of the top.
APPLE> AS AN ARTICLE OF III MAN Foop.
The Importance Of apples as food, has
not hitherto been sufficiently estimated III
this country nor understood. Besides
contributing large portion of sugar,
mucllage, and other nutrative matter. in
the form Of food, they contain such a fine
combination Of vegetable acids, eXtractive
substances, and aromatic principles. with
the nuiratlve matter, as to act powerfully
in the capacity of refrigerants, tones, and
antiSpeptics; and when freely used at the
season of rpeness, by rural laborers and
others. they prevent debility, strengthen
digestion. correct the putrefactive tenden-
cies of ntrogcnous food. avert scurvy,
and probably maintain and strengthen the
powers Of productive labor.
The French and Germans use apples
extensively; indeed, it is rare that they sit
down, in the rural districts, without them
in some shape or other, even at the best
tables.
The laborers and mechanics depend on
them. TO a very great extent, as an article
Of food. and frequently dine on sliced APP
pies and bread. Stewed with rice, red
cabbage, carrots, or by themselves. with a
little sugar and milk, they make both a
pleasant and nutritious dish.-Imericdn
1gricuiturist.
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1849-11-14
FOR THE I.>DIrM.
NE\ILE ED L CATO y .

lis education forms the infant mind.
jus, the twg is b~n,, the tree ; Inclined
Man is strictly AN initiative animal
When newly born. he Is without education
and characterize mind is mere non
entity and he is hcl pless in the extreme
IS he advances ia life, he takes his I'M
pressions from what he hears and sees.
and acquires the habits feelings and scnll-
ments of his instructors; and thus his
character is formed. | am aware that this
assertion has been much disputed. partic
ularlv of late: bu, his whole history is IN
confederation of the affirmative.
Is he born Of Christian parents he
becomes a Christian aud 4 believer in the
Bible. tre his parents lllndoos! he
grows up worshppcr OF Drama and IS
strictly Taught to perform the duties Of his
cnMc. II born Of Turkish parents. he
becomes faciturn Mussuman and 4 IA
nalical disciple OF Mahomet. In lily, he
becomes Roman Caiholc-in England.
a Protestant. and. in Scotland. PreSby
terrain. With regard 10 politics america
makes him Il Democrat. and III Britain.
il the offspring 1T arj,tocrat,; he becomes
either naughty tory OF a trucking wing:
but if u son Of those WHO earn lh"ir bread
hv the sweat Of their brows. he is an adj
yocata for Justice Prussia makes him an
educated defender o. mDn1rcaica! de>-
p3ti>m. and Russia trains h!.ll up pas
>ive and miserable scrt. In AFRICA. he is
Taught To be the slave of il white iyrant.
FIR from his ia,herland. IN China. he
learns to be the aiorer Of the Celestial
Emperor. \ New Icalandcr is taught 10
fight and To eat the flesh and drink the
blood of those whom he kills in betilc-
An american Indian is instructed to ven
crate the Great Spirit. and 10 endure nun
ger. fatigue and the most cxcruciating tor
lures. without shrinking. In short. the
character of every man IS formed for him.
by his early education. and the circum-
stances by which he IS surrounded-whlch
he ne ithcr makes nor controls: and, con-
>eIuentlv. he has no more merit in THIS
formation. than in the choice of his color
or his country. Surely. then. j. is Of vital
Importance that proper system OF juvenile
education should be established; that the
child may be trained up lin the way he
should 60. that when he is old he may not
depart from il. :JrNIUs."
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1849-11-14

Three T'isc Hints.-Nr. Kennedy, in
his Life Of Writ gives letter 10 a young
lawyer. which contains the three following
paragraphs. They will apply 10 other
phases o! life as we'll as 10 the profession OF
law
Cultivate simple style Of >pe aking, SO
as to be able TO inject the strongest tho't
into the weakest capacity. You will never
be good Jury lawyer without this faculty.
Never attempt 10 be grand and mag
niiice MT before common tribunals. and the
most YOU will address are common. The
neglect Of this principle Of common sense
has ruined - with all men of sense.
'keep your Latin and Greek, and sci
ence to yourself. and 10 that very small
circle which they may suit The mean
and envious world will never forgive YOU
your knowledge. if you make i, too pub
lie. 1t will require the most unceasing
urbani,y and habi,ual gentleness of man
ners. almost TO humility. to make YOUR SUI
pc rior attainmen,s ,olerable 10 Your asso-
ciatcS."
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1849-11-14
Picked Ciabb:l.cS.

Take the heads of the red cabbage. and
quarter them. Then pack them in u cask
or stone ware vessel, giving each layer a
good sprinkling Of salt. and place some
weight on them. After remaining about
IA week. prepare some vinegar by adding
10 each gallon one ounce each of mace.
cinnamon and black pepper. and small
biz Of alum. Heat the vinegar scaling
not. and pour over the cabbage. When
cool. tie over or cover the top of the yes
sci, 50 as TO keep the contents from the air
as much as possible Morgan Chronicle.
TEANsPLiNrIN4 TREES-ts the Fall
season for transplanting shade trees is
at hand. some hints in relation to the
subject may not be inaPproriate 1t has
generally been supposed that il was ne
cesSarv 10 transplant small trees in order
10 ensure their growing. But the Utica
Gazette states that an experiment was
made last winter By MessrS. II. Pomerov
Jr.. and w. H. Dutton. of that CITY. in
trans planting large shade trees to decorate
their residences. which has proved 50 sue
ccSstul as 10 deserve making note Of
for the benefit of persons of taste else
where. The trees. comprising naples.
elm>. beach &c. were some thirty feet in
height. and were transplanted without be-
inu shorn of any of their branches. The
process of removal was as tollows:-In
the Fall. before the Frost. trench was
dug around the trees selected. from ten TO
fifteen feet in diameter. and the roots
severed. III the winter. when me ground
had become solid from freezing. the trees
were pulled up by the aid Of oxen and
levers. with the mass Of earth firmly at
tached 10 the roots. They were then trans
ported erect on long sled. built for the
purpose. and set out. They put out their
foliage last spring. as if wholly uncon-
sc!ous tn II they were not still in their native
soil and the enterprising gentlemen who
took this unusual course. are rewarded
with shade trees which By the old practice
il would have taken twenty years TO pro.
duce. II larger trees are desired. they
can be transplanted in this mode Of any
size. with the certainty of similar result.
We have seen the experiment made at the
east with entire success, with trees eich-
teen inches in diameter. Whole parks
are so filled with majestic forest trees in
England.-Bnfalo Express.
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1849-11-14
For the Palladium
NEW PI'BLIC ATOMS.

TIE WEsT, IRIS COMMERCE AND NAVIGATION; ny
JAMES Hall OF CISCINNATf.
This is an animated work of easy style, sum
ming up ~ an intelligent and statistical way the
commercial resources and advantages Of the
West. On the Utility Of Commerce he speaks
thus:
"What would this country have been now
without Commerce. Suppose its rural popula-
ton had been left TO struggle with the wilder
ness, v ithout the aid Of the numbc rless nppli
muce. which have be en- brought TO their doors
by the spiri, Of trade, TO what point would their
population and prosperity have risen Without
money, without steamboats,, canals. railroads,
turnpike e., and other facilities for trnnsPorfafion
what v oud have been the destiny of our broad
and fertile plains1 Desert and blooming. they
would have sustained II scattered population,
rich in hocks aud herds-a roaming, pastoral
people, whose numbers would have grown by
tho natural increase; while the country would
have remained unImprovcd, ana us rich resource
e. locked in the bosom of the earth. But com
Inerce came, bringing them Il market for their
products of- ring ric, rewards to industry, aud
stimulating labor TO the highest point Of cxer-
ton. She brought with her money, and the va
rio,,s rcpr. tatves of money, established cred
il, confidence, commercial intercourse, united
action, and mutualiiy Of interest. Through her
influence the forests were penetrated by roads.
bridges were thrown over rivers, and highways
constructed through dreary morasses. Travel
ing was rendered easy and transportation cheap.
Through this influence the earth was MADE to
Weld its mineral treasures; IRON, lead. copper,
coal, salt, saltpetre. aud vnrlons other products
Of the mine, have been taken from our soil. and
brought into common Our agricultural
products have inc re us,d, and daily AND hour
w increasing, in variety and value; while IN cv-
cry village ~ seen the smoke Of the mauulic to-
rv and heard the cheerful sounds Of the eng Iue
aud the hammer.
Such is the style OF james Hall in his Com
merco aud Navigation. The work can be had
in our market, price - cents Also. lIildrrth ;
late and Interesting history Of the North West
-rn Territories, and Ohio Valley work iuli
of valuable information, unfolding IN or tphic
and anIIIatIug way the hard>hp~ and taven-
lures Of the worthy pioneer. who have chanrcd
the wilderness TO a fruitful field. We shouli all
know the history of our own country.
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1849-11-14

T OF tTlc ] UTTfUIUII.
Bosrox, w AWE County. I>pi.NN.
October 1gih l~Jl
Messrs. Editors

October .9ili, i>I9.
Messrs. Editors:
promised IN my last to say some thing on the
rontagiousncss OF Cholera. My object To
elicit truti-the facts IN the caSe not 10 acfr nd
any notions Of my own or others. not founded
the above platform. Well then what is con-
tagion' Or what is a contagious disease Some
thing caught by approach. or tina; Will almost
invariably infect or pass upon another from an
Individual laboring under the same This all
the world know is true of smallpox, ,neasrls
hopping cough, SC, and no now a day pre-
tend. to deny that the above Lamcd diseases are
contagious.
The certainty Of taking variola and vasioloids
without having used the proper prophy tactic,
and meascla and hopping cough. without having
had them, very properly keeps the people at
such distance rs to insure escape. Now will
any ma" presume to say that there is any such
certainty in taking cholera. by merely approach
ing u; nay more, after nursing. handling. hang
ing over cholera patients for days, weeks and
months ! unhesi,atingly answer no. do
not pretend TO deny that take the cholera af-
ter being with it, but then deny that they take
It on the principles of contagon, for all couta-
gious diseases have some fixed rules of ,ro,,
ton. which are wholly wanting in cholera.
The fact that person will occasionally take
the cholera after being with it. is true Of all dis
eases. and no more proves cholera contagious
than the hundred aud one other complaints to
which poor mortas subject.
Let me illustrate u little further. am will
ling to risk The whole question on this PROPOSE
ton, viz: That while nine out Of ten will in
var'ab'y catch varioa. vario!ods, &c. by mere
~ approaching near such patients, nine out Of
ten will ~ invariably ESCAPE cholera with The
same exPosure-nay more, may handle and hang
over cholera Tor hours aud days, still the nine
out OF ten will escape. Now two facts directly
opposed cannot prove the same point. But this
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1849-11-14
Our Receipt for Curing Beef and
Pork.

There being 50 many apple atoms tor
our celebrated recei p: for curing beet and
pork. that we think it will be best. subser-
wing the wishes of all, by again re pub
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1849-11-14
10 gallon of water,
Take II ID. salt.
J Id. sugar,
!, Oh. saltpetre.
lISilln1 II

In this ratio the pickle 10 be increased
10 any quantity desired.
Let these be boiled together unit! all
the dirt from the salt and sugar. (Which
viii not be litt!c.) rises to the top and is
skinned of. Then throw il into tub
10 cool, and wheh perfectly cool. pour il
over your beef or pork. to remain the usu-
al time, say four - six weeks, according
to the size of the pieces. The meat must
be well covered with the pickle. and
should not be put down for at least two
days after ling. during which time it
should be slightly sprinkled with powder
ed Sultpetrc.
Several Of our friends have not boiled
the pickle, and found il 10 answer WE'LL
TER TEL
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1849-11-14

FENCE PosTs.-A practical farmer in
forms the Hartford. Times. that in taking
up fence that had been set fourteen wears,
he noticed that some OF the posts remain
ed nearly sound. while others were roued
OFT at the bottom. On looking for the
cause. he found that those posts that were
set limb part down. or inverted from the
way they grew. were sound. Those that
were set as they grew. were rotted off This
fact is worthy the attention of farmers.
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1849-11-14

I-Peter Banta. has presented a led Beet 10
the editor of the Eaton 90 Register which
weighs l6 fbs.; Il. III length, and d inches in
circumference.