The miners' express. (Dubuque, Iowa) 1849-1854, 1849-12-27

doubtless would be we'll contented with
that compensation, and of the mari
time states ofthe world, in separate treaties
negotiated with Mexico, binding her and
them to protect those who should construct
the work.
Such guarantees would do more to secure
the completion of the communication thro'
the territory of Mexico than any other con.
sideration that could be offered, as Mexico
herself would be the greatest gamer by the
opening between the Gulf and the Pacific
Ocean. 1t is presumed she would not re.
fuse her aid in the manner proposed to ac-
complish an Improvement to her own best
interests. We have reason to hone that the
proposed railroad across the lsthmus at Pan.
anna, will be successfully constructed under
the protection Of the late treaty with
New Granada, ratified and exchanged by
my predecessor, on the 2lst day of June,
1916, which guarantees the perfect neutral.
ity OF the 1sthmus and the rights of sover-
eighty and property Of New Granada,
over that territory, with view that the free
transit from ocean to ocean may not be in
terrupted or embarrassed during the exis-
tence of the treaty.
1t is our policy to encourage every practi-
Soo1e 'o".e dCfoSs Tue lSlhmuS which con-
meets with South America, either by railroad
or canal, which the energy and enterprise Of
our citizens may induce them to complete,
and | consider 1t obligatory upon them to
adopt that policy, especially in conse ouence
of the necessity of facilitating Intercourse
with our possessions on the Pacific.
| The position of the Sandwich Islands
with references TO the territory of the Uni
ted States, on the Pacifc-the success of
the persevering and benevolent citizens who
nave repaired 10 that remote quarter in
chnstlan'z'ng the natives, and inducing them
10 adopt the taovernmen mt laws suited 10 their
capacities and wants, and the use made by
numerous whale ships Of the harbors of the
| Islands as places OF resort for obtaining re.
freshments and repairs, all combine to reu
der their destiny particularly interesting to
US. 1t IS our duty to encourage the author.
ity OF those Islands TO increase efforts to i'm.
prove & elevate the moral and political con
dition of the inhabitants, and we should make
reasonable allowance for the difficulties
inseparable from this task. | desire tina,
these Islands may maintain their independ-
ence, and that other nations should concur
with us in this sentiment. We could in no
event be Indifferent 80 their passing unde,
the dominion of any other known power.
The principal commercial States have
in this common interest, and it is to be
hoped, that no one Of them will attempt tc
interpose obstacles to the continued indie
pendence of the Islands.
The receipts into the Treasury for the
, fiscal year ending on the 3Osh of June last
were Ss48, 630.997 50; in Treasury notes
| funded, $l0,S33, 900, The expenditure:
were, in cash, $46.795. 1872; in Treas:i,
notes funded, SIC, osU, OGO. making an az
f gregate Of S67, 63l ,667 81. The account.
and estimates which will be submitted ir
the Report of the Secretary of the Treasu
; ny show, that there is probability tha
there will be deficit, occaSoned hy the
expenses Of the Mexian war. and Treaty
or the LIST of July next of $552l2.l66; ane
, on the lst of July, 1851, $lO:5l7, O59 49,
making, in the whole, probable deficit t.
to be provided for, of 1863 1852, l43 II.
The extraordinary expenses Of the wal
with Mexico, g. the purchase of California &
+ New Mexico, exceed in amount this deficit
,, together with loans, heretofore made, fol
these objects. therefore submit, that au
thority be given, to borrow whatever sum.
, may DE necessary to cover that deficit, ant
recommend a strict economy, in appropri
atoms & expenditures of the public money
, recommend revision of the existing tar
t III, and its adjustment, on basis which ma,
, augment the revenue.
do not doubt the right or duty of Coz
sress to encourage domestic industry, which
is the great source of national as well as in
, dividual wealth and prosperity. Look t,
, the wisdom and patriotism Of Congress 70
f the adoption of system which may plac,
J home labor on sure and permanent footing
and by due encouragement of manufac
, lures give new and increased stimulus t,
f Agriculture, and promote the development
of our common country. Believing that Il
y the attainment of these ends, as well as tn
1 necessary augmentation ofthe Revenue ant
e prevention Of frauds, a system of specif
E duties is best adapted to the country.
{. strongly recommend to Congress the adon
tion of that system, fixing the rates hig
enough 10 afford substantial and sufficier
encouragement 10 our own industry, and a
] the same time SO adjusted as to ensure sta
bility.
f The question of the continuance of tn
= Subtreasury system is respectfully submit
r ted to the wisdom of Congress if continued
important notifications Of it appear to b.
i indispensable. For further details and view
e of the above and other matters connecte,
e with Commerce, the Finance and Revenue
!, refer TO the report of the Secretary.
a No direct aid has been given by the Gen
e eral Government to the Improvement Q
: Agriculture, except by the expenditure Q
!. small sums for the collection Of A gricultura
: statistics, and for chemical analysis, whic
e has been paid for out of the Patent Office
f This aid is, in my opinion, wholly made
/. quate to give to the leading branch of Amer
o lean industry the encouragement it merits
E respectfully recommend the Establishment
o of an Agricultural Bureau, to be connected
: with the Department of the Interior, to ele
vate the social condition Of the Agricultural
[, list. Toincrease his prosperity, to extend hi
o means of usefulness to his country BY mul
: tiplying his sources Of information, shout,
: be the study of every statesman, and III
s primary object of every Legislature.
y No civilGovernmentha having been provide,
j for California, the people of that Territory
! impelled by the necessities of their poli,ica
r condition, recently met in convention for III
!. purpose of forming Constitution and Stat
Government,which recent advices lead us t
i c,nnOse will be accom- Mi hed ond - &c ha