davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Iowa capitol reporter. [volume] (Iowa City, Iowa) 1841-1855, 1849-04-18

We copy the following seleg1aphic dc.-
patch 10 the New York Herald for the
benefit Of those no-party wing applicants
for solscs in Iowa, whose actions since the
election furnish such striking contrast to
their hypocritical professions and pledges
in behalf Of Old lack when he was cam
didate before the people. That they will
ultimately get "the Guillotine" to work
with will, we have never for moment
doubted. But unless il is done soon, we
may expect to see trouble in the wing wig
wan.
Az for the democratic incumbcnts of
Office in this State, we may be permitted
to observe that the main issue made by
the wings at the ptlls-that between "the
ins'' and "the outs''-entirely and most
signally failed them. Decency, therefore,
if nothing else, would seem to suggest an
adherence to the pledge made by Gen.
Taylor, to be guided by the wishes of a
majority Of the people. That majority has
spoken in Iowa, and spoken in terms
stronger than ever before. We shall see
whether their voice will be needed. Lest
we should be misunderstood in this mat
ter, as well a. in justice to those in whose
behalf we are speaking, we must be per-
mitted to observe that the democracy Of
this SITE az. Oh ,i,isaccount expect mel
Their do democratic incnmbents of Office
here wish, to be made exceptions to any
general rule Of prescription which may be
applied to their brethren Of other portions
Of the Union.
The following is the despatch referred
"The question Of prescription was for
mally considered and after most interest,"
ing debate, the question was put, and Tie
decision was against prescription, by tha
following vote:
For proscription-Mr. Ewing and Mr..
Collamer. 4
Against 1.-THE President, Mr.. Mere
dith, Mr.. Crawford, Mr.. Preston, and
Mr.. Johnson.
Mr.. Clayton was unavsidably absent;
but his views were considered with those
Of the majority. Mr. Meredith made a
courteous, firm, manly, and determined
stand against the views of TIE minority;
and the President himself declared he
would stand by his pledges. Whether
Mr.. Ewing or Mr.. Collamer will remain
i'll the cabinet is to be seen. Il is thought
they will not resign. Mr.. Fillmore is on
their side, and is warm advocate for
prescription; but the question is now set
ted
Iowa capitol reporter. [volume] (Iowa City, Iowa) 1841-1855, 1849-04-18

4 Sad siory.-We have CHANGED. says
the Memphis Eag'c, upon one of those
singular and melancholy episodes in do
mestice lie, which are not the less inter
citing frcm the fact that tLcy seldom be-
come public; though SO frequently OCCUR
ring.
Or two brothers (Enelish) Of this city,
fine looking md powerfully built men, one
died suddenly on Friday. He was buried
ana his living brother, having been inn
pressed with the idea that a project was on
foot 10 resurrcct the dead ior dissection,
watched over the grave en- Saturii;.y MIC 1t
At ) o'clock in the morning he, ter, was a
corpse. And now The sod lies heavy upor,
the two brothers dead who, but few DAYS
since were full Of lusty life, breathing as
deeply and walking as frmlyas any of tie
thousands now living beneath the ever
going s,,n.-There is more in this little
history OF domestice affection, than in the
labored sermons Of learned and eloquent
divines.
A subsequent number of,ilc Eagle states
that the wife Of the brother who died last
went out & watched over his grave all the
next day, she too, was dead. 1t isa sim
eular and melancholy episode in H!e's
history.
Iowa capitol reporter. [volume] (Iowa City, Iowa) 1841-1855, 1849-04-18
AsfcDorE OF THE PRIsrpENr,-It

AsrcDorE OF THE PRIsrpEsr.-It is
stated that Judge Mason. Secretary Of the
Navy, just before retiring from office, cal
led upon President Taylor with the bill
which had passed through Congress re-
storing certain officers OF tie Marines to
their places, in order TO consult him in re-
gard TO some questions involved in The
construction Of the bill The Judge STA
ted the points Of the case, and while wait
ing for the Presidential advice. was greet
ed by the following reply of the General,
delivered with inimitable nairetfe-' Oh,
| don't know anything that's lawful.
Judge-anything that's lawful will suit
me !"
Iowa capitol reporter. [volume] (Iowa City, Iowa) 1841-1855, 1849-04-18

Flrru JrDIcIsL DIsTsIcr.-We are
sorry to hear, by friend just returned
IRON the southern portion of the State
that cur friend. Thomas Baker, democrats
ie Candidate for Judge of,hc Filth Judicial
district, (created BY law of last session, !,
was beaten by Geo. w. Mckay ,whis. One
OF those beautiful tools Of whiggery, yclept
an independent democratic candidate q,
did the business. McKay's m:jority Is;
Stanfield got 1873 votes.
Iowa capitol reporter. [volume] (Iowa City, Iowa) 1841-1855, 1849-04-18

ITAt Democrat melting in Bedford
Pennsylvania, were reported series Of
powerful resolutions, couched in nervou,
ana elegant language, and strong with i'm.
pressiHe truth. We give the following as s
specimen: .....-..'
Resolved, That we can review the AID.
mlnls'ra''on CT James X. Polk, Geo. Nj
Dallas, and the National Cabinet, with fee
ings OF profound pride. Everytrue Amer.
lean can ielici'ate himself upon the proud
posillonh his country lias!atlained under II e.,
guidance. Our territory has been near!,
doubled and avnnrs thereby opening for
the enterprise OF our 'co,lntrymvn0vas
ard important treaties have been formed
with foreign powers, thereby acquiring for
our country privileges denied to other ma
nations Questions dangerous from their
war'ike and explosive nature have been
a a arranged-the idea of "a National
Bank has received lis quietrls the INDIE
pendent Treasury System has convinced
the world Of its excellence-sta stability has
measurably hcen obtained fer the hitherto
Iiuctnating tarif--the wrongs which our
ci'izens and goverhm ent had sustained for
years from Mexico have been redressed
--awar denounced and opposed by por-
,ion OF the people has been closed in a
oiaze OF glory-our arms have gained a
worid wide renown--our national escut-
cneon is salnted with rapture in every
cline, and our motto that we will submit
to nothing that is wrong has received the
impress Of law, and will be acknowledged
accordingly by ~! nations.
Iowa capitol reporter. [volume] (Iowa City, Iowa) 1841-1855, 1849-04-18
The Home Department.

A good deal of curiosity is manifested to
know the character Of the Home Depart.
ment recently created by Congress. The
following details are therefore interesting:
1t is TO have Secretary and Chief
Clerk, the former at salary of 5000,
and the latter at a salary OF s2.CCO; and
all its other officers are to be taken from
the other Departments along with the BIZ,
rcaus which are TO be transferred from
them 10 the Homie Department. TIE rsw
Department takes from the State Dera,:-
'nent, the superintendent and control of
the Patent Office and Census-frcm The
Treasury Department, the control Of the
Land Office, the Coast Survey, and, be.
lieve, the Light House Bureau-trcm the
War Department, the Naval Pension Bu.
rtan-and from the Executive, tie con-
trol CT the Peniteniary and the Commits
sioner Of Public Buildings. That is, lie
heads of these several Bureaus are to re-
port to'he Secretary of the Home Depart
ment, (instead Of reporting, as heretofore,
to the above named heads of departments,
respectively and to the Executive
Pennsylvania.
Iowa capitol reporter. [volume] (Iowa City, Iowa) 1841-1855, 1849-04-18

tSDIA.-Another murdtYous caca!:.
has taken place betw cen the army Of tie
punjaub. under Lord Cough, and The
Sik's, under Rajah snwere Sire Tie
British have 10 deplore tie los Of SO Off
GERS and :5CO men killed and wounded.
The struggle terminated'in vic,cry over
the sikhs, tut it was diseraced by The
Bengal cavalry regiment and the retreat Of
the British ccrps of Dragons.
The news from India is Of the most C!s'
astreus character. Lord Cough has been
superseded by Sir Charles Napier, who
was to have proceeded to the scene Of hoe
Titles on the 10Th instant.
Iowa capitol reporter. [volume] (Iowa City, Iowa) 1841-1855, 1849-04-18

Mn. MEREDITH AND THE VEro.- It is
confidently asserted (says tie FennsyIva-
ni,n( ttst Mr.. Meredith voted for Skunk
twice fer Governor and The following II n,
he Centre pa. Democrat, would seem
to show that he did so because Of The fear
less manner in which that iamen,ed man
exercised Inc veto power.
Mr.. Meredith is perhaps as little CO.
j;sctIonab!e TO the democracy. as almost
any whig whom Gen. Taylor could have
seiecie,!, He was en- able member of the
Reform Convention, and opposed with
great zeal and ABILITY all attempts to modi-
~ or weaken in any way the Veto Power
of course he will not n2.t,te TO advise
Gen. Taylor to use it, should tie safety
OF our institutions render il neces sary."
1t thus appears to be general prevail
ing opinion that the Whigery of the new
Secretary of the Treasury does no. lie
very deep.-Del. Gazette.
Iowa capitol reporter. [volume] (Iowa City, Iowa) 1841-1855, 1849-04-18

A PaAcTIcAL HEATHER. Some weeks
since We alluded to a charge made in the
Hawkeye,against the Land officers of this
State, for loaning or advancing funds to
the State officers, |'to pay the members Of
the Legislature and the State Printers, .
without authority of law. Now every
body knows that such was not the case !;
and further, that neither tie members nor
the State Printers had received cent in
cash to give the color Of probability to this
grave charge. We called for an explains
ton, yet Old Hawk says not one word in
explanation, shus showing that he does not
consider his own charac er worth defend
in. Q, no; he does no such thing; but to
cover his patrid carcass with The mantle
Of pretended charity, he is sever soand the
loud inouthed advocate cf every philan.
tnropic effort to civilize and christianize
the Heather himself far more dangerou,
to community, Through his habitual black
defamation Of private eharacter) than the;
veriest heather in!exisssnce.
1.-the Columbus fOhio) Standard,
the organ Of tl.e Free Soil party, has beea
suspended for want Of patronage.
Iowa capitol reporter. [volume] (Iowa City, Iowa) 1841-1855, 1849-04-18

L!erEpEMAtz.-Some time ago pro.
Iess'r Of 'egerdemain ferrorned before Il
audience in an English village. which WI.
principally comp osed of GOLFERS. After
astonishing the natives with varctis
trcls : metamorrhosing wine into water,
he asked the loan of half penny from any
Of his admirers. A collier with little
hesitation, handed ont The coin which tie
lugeler speedily exhibited,as he said Trans.
formed into guinea. can is th;t ny
hawhee?' exclaimed the collier. or
don tedly,' answered the juesler. Lets
see it, said the collier; and turning it
round and round in examination with an
ec<tacy Of delight, thanked tie juec'er fer
his KINDNESS, and putting it in lis packet,
said, Use warrant yell not tnrn't in:oa
5%wbee again.'
Iowa capitol reporter. [volume] (Iowa City, Iowa) 1841-1855, 1849-04-18
Corporation.

On Monday next the qualified voters
Of this city will have an opportunity Of
voting for, or against township crs ,ni-
zatien, and also for five Trustees who will
be invested with full power to regulate lis
internal affairs, provided a majority Of the
votes cast are in favor Of a corporation.
We have before stated some Of the main
reasons why we favor corporation It
this time. Should an absence of these or
equally cogent reasons at any time render
retrogade step necessary, the ger.ral
act for the incorporation oftowns provides
ample and easy facilities for their dissolu-
ton. In addition to The reasons hereto
fore spoken Of, we deem an appeal to The
pride Of our citizens hardly necessary,
however appropriate such an appeal mig
be on this occasion. Tie distractions and
nniscances in our streets ard allies fur
nish theme fer every day remark from
our own citizens. How must they then
appear to strangers who visit 'the Capt.
tai City?" The bountiful hand Of Nasu; E
has thrown around our beautifully siu :
ted town advantages surpassed by few in
the West. Let us, therefore, no. be mig
gard in the matter Of their improvement.
A citizens meeting which met on ST.
turday evening, pursuant to previous
call, and without distinction Of party, nom
mated the following Trustees. They are
all good men, and we commend them to
the people: JAMES Ronrssos, Tuos-
RECORD, ASsoN HART, 'HaaLEs Swan
and JoHN CRuMMEY.
Iowa capitol reporter. [volume] (Iowa City, Iowa) 1841-1855, 1849-04-18
The Mormon Icsslplc.

BY letter received from our brother,
+. W. Cook, who was one that left Coun-
Gil Bluff lastSpring for The Salt Lake, dated
Aug. I'd, written while cncamped OF the
Sweet water River al the South Pass, (in
sight OF Fremont's Peak, we gather some
information which may not be undressing
to our readers. The new Mormon Temple
at the Salt lake is to be splendid building.
They enclose lot II miles long and l2
miles wide, with mud wall s ice, high
and 4 fee, thick. There are to be four
cities inside. They have discovered noun
tam rock that resembles Cornelian stone.
which writer says is beautiful tr temples
and pillars. The size OF tie temple is net
stated, but its highest point is 70 be 6CC
feet, AID Cab be seen eighty miles either
way. The party that wen, out last sea-
son lost many OF their oxen-having died
with what they called the 'swcll head"
Many Of the streams which they crossed
were so strongly imprcenated with alkali
that they dare not let their cattle dliuk.
On the shores of many Of the lakes ascrus,
is lermed an inch and hall thick. They
break up this crust, scrape off the dirt, on
the bottom and top, and find il pure sale
:atus. Strange as this may seem, it is
nevertheless true, aud the writer collect
ed IN short time IS pounds. A noun
tain OF pure rock sal! has been discovered
near the Mormon settlement. The Nor
mors have discover ID a rich gold mine $50
miles soutwes, from the Salt Lake. The
last end of the journey 10 the salt Lake,
say 2OO msles, is attended with little ia
'igue. Nearly all the way the roads are
as good as on any prairie in Michigan
The writer was living on the meat OF bears,
a':telopes, and buifaloes - animals very MT
merous on the route. He recommends
mule teams instead Of oxen,and that cows
be driven along for their milk, and for beef
if necessary Niles Republican.
Iowa capitol reporter. [volume] (Iowa City, Iowa) 1841-1855, 1849-04-18

fin UnnsnS;nn City Brought 10 Light
The Courier des Tate unis states that al
ancient city has been accidentally d''co''
cred in Asia Minor, situated VI the ~
ders Of the old Kingdoms of Pontus, ("2,,
padocia, and Gallatia. Seven 'crr'-' sd
about two hundred houses have been tonnf
although in L partially ruined condition
DR.. Bruner, who has visited ,h'se stfac,
lures, has not. as yet, been able TO hn me
amy inscription or bas-reiief, that could
furnish the least trace 10 the name or his.
tory Of this city, situated in the midst o.
extensive excavations which no Traveller
has been known ere now to visit.
Iowa capitol reporter. [volume] (Iowa City, Iowa) 1841-1855, 1849-04-18

A CLEVER BoY.-A farmers wife, II
speaking Of the smsrlness, aptness' 'tu ~
intelligence OF her son, lad six years OH
to la y acquaintance. said. He reaes hu.
emily in every part ofthe Bble,repe"'s ne u
whole catechism, and weeds onions as wen
as his father" ssYes, mother" sddtd 'e
young hopeful, sand yesterday ! 'eSe.
Ned Dawson, throwed the CT :. 80
well, and stole c!d Hinckley'' s'm's''
Iowa capitol reporter. [volume] (Iowa City, Iowa) 1841-1855, 1849-04-18

II .Ma'den Lndys Aoiiloquy.-'1is won
droHs strange, how great the change, s'nes
was in my teens; then / bad be"'S anu
billel-dea's, and 10 ned the gvyest scents
But lovers now have ceased TO VOW ~
way they now con,rivc to poison, drown
or hang observation-disclosures I'm tN.fI
FIVE. Lnce,if the night was Ger SO O! Iigs.
| ne'er abroad could roam, w,i!oI'- '%
bliss, the honor, Miss, of seeing ycu s"I
home.,' But now l 60, throug h ram anu
sncw-ia,igued and scarce alive-ihroug"
all the dark, without spark. because
I'm thirty-ive.
Iowa capitol reporter. [volume] (Iowa City, Iowa) 1841-1855, 1849-04-18

CALrroRsrA EaIcHArioT.-Up to thi.
date, two hundred and thirty five team,
have crossed the Iowa at this point, OF
their way to California. The compan,
going from this city, have finally fixed up.
on Monday,thc so.h of the present month
as the day Of their departure. ....
Iowa capitol reporter. [volume] (Iowa City, Iowa) 1841-1855, 1849-04-18

New HAmrsn1RE ELEcr1cs.
Congressional delce alton is now changed
by the late election in New Hampshire.
1t stands as follows: 1st District, Amos
Tuck, Free Sell Democrat; Cd do, Charlie.
n. Peaselee, Democrat; 3D. do, Gen. Jas
Wilson, Wing; 18th do, Harry Hibbard,
Democrat. Dinsmoor, the Democratic can.
didate for Governor, is chosen by some
thing over 1000 majority. Democratic
Senators are chosen in Districts No. l, 3.
!, 6, Z, 8, 10, ! | and ~. In the 9Th Dis
trict, John Preston, Wing, is chosen. No
choice in the I'd, aud in the 9th it is ex-
tremely doubtful which Of the two candi-
dates has succeeded. In the House, as
far as heard from, 243 Representatives
have been chosen, of whom 8 are Dem
ocrats, and 81 Wings and Free Soiscrs.-
The same towns last year chose 223 Rep
resentatiyes, of whom 100 were Demo-
Gratis, and lO3 Wings and Free Sellers.
Patent JYnyoa.-Mr. Start, of SMYRNA,
Delaware, has made an improvement in
manufacturing wagons, which will GER
tainiy be great advantage to The farmer,
inasmuch as it will effect great saving in
labor. The bed Of the wagon is placed on
small rollers, fixed in the frame work on
which it rests, and in front is fixture for
a lever by which a lad can run the wagon
bed back, and shoot its contents on the
ground It would seem that this wagon
can be introducedto great advantage among
fhoso ,s,l,o ho,,l feel E,,1 9
their farms, as they can 1t once discharge
the load inst as readily "a they can that Of
cart thereby saving, where the load is
lime, an hours work or more. Old war-
ons ,lat slightexpense, say some ten or
fifteen dollars can be rugged on this plan.
1t was exhibited at.the New Castle County
Cattle Show, and was highly spoken Of by
tsse gentlemen who examined il. - Farm
er and Mechanic.
Iowa capitol reporter. [volume] (Iowa City, Iowa) 1841-1855, 1849-04-18

4. 1.-the Columbus fohio) Standard,
the organ Of The Free Soil party, has beea
suspended for want Of patronage.
Iowa capitol reporter. [volume] (Iowa City, Iowa) 1841-1855, 1849-04-18
AN Ac|

Il B.u~
kres a.
s.nblGea,
49,, -.
cert. I
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1849-02-07
MAILS FOR EUROPE. ' "".
y~~D~~~>>~~~oO~~~r~~~-s~~>-si ~ IfI ..u
TEE wHEKLX, herald.

The steamship Canada. Capt. Judkius, will fesv.
this port 1T ~ o'clock to-day for Halifax and Liver
pool. Her mails wiz close at half past 10 O'Clock THE
Eornipg urr" % a -rrtD.s iiss 4:
rleuf- -i.fE f.ft4 . fss.ItIi
The Wsekiyy Herald, printed in French and Eng
lish, for circulation In Europe VIII b. ready at pre
cissly O'Clock this morning. It's contents will en-
brace all the important and interesting intelligence Of
tbs veek lfHT ulccitE 'lf -Ytafl tf1h ~ %. s..,
80 Nffi'-' 'e" ooSrrnrs 'g'i t1 . 4-''+ctii p
The Latest News from from New Yor
And elsewhere for tho Gold
tween hyer and Sullivan relative TO their great s which aNes
Place todayDsbaintkc New York Legislature pxs
The Addrss the Southern xemS Congress- thor Con-
Of the President
Council including Letters the State Roman Gove,o
mcnt-Pocecdgs Of Account of an Eo
gemsnt between the American Volunteers and the
Indians in Yucstsn-stae Of Affairs In Canaaa-Inessno.
from Chagres and jamaica and Loc, Il
nercal Affairs Ship Nsw A.d variety Of otbs
Interesting matter. r,s, lf.sfto ..I $50 =,
:. Single copies, in wrappers, ,xpenos The pos..g.
on each paper is two cents, to be prspaid Hsef n.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1849-02-07
Court OF General sessions.

d
=, John McKsoh, Egg District Attorney. -,
. Fra o -Tke Grand Tnquen.- The Following gentle.
men were sworn ID be- Grand Jurors William s.
Csnly, foreman, william Cromwell, Francis Dunoan
George II Ball, Henry Frost Henry Gslston Tiouth
Gsrrick. Hoxsce lays John Harper, Robert Haydook,
Ebas Hatfield, Joel Kelley, jacob t. Merritt Elias @
Mocnty, Joshus ], underhb, John ,WiBismsop. Lewis
Doty, John rolhkmus, James Pinkertep, John A.,
Bcutsile, John Lewis NODES p. Taylor me- IN
His Honof hefeupon addressed Tie Jury, and stated
that the Law rsquired him to ea their attepton to
eer Atm matters provided Ny the statute, snd II vas
not neceeary to refer them 70 the imperative duty
ebet dsvolved upop them ~ u the msunes IN which
ry ehoud perform eertain duties prescribed by the
uatute After referring them TO the lave p,rsiaton
70 hrs irnits usury lotteries and The shameful sysr
ten that tolsrates sdvertsing SC. With visv to pso
cure for houses Of certain bad u.s.
70 which hs called especial attention e being lola,
rous 70 the morals ana the character 81 the cty hs
concluded upon which the Grand ury retired ~ N
j Fnse Prefsnces- William Willianis eharred with
on.anins goods under false prstsncss ives hersupon
RrfHAsp N. Jonrsos being sworn, tsstsa.d' : That
pkobsr obtained qusntty Of rope, valued Il As rs.
Dom Inn. on 70 November last - 'T.r'to'i'"
Tbs jsry foa nd the priscnef guilty ana seute
him to months oonfneme nj IN the BE- nits nttarv
p John " ilIisms (colDrsd) charged stA sk1eiitp
hofre and wagon valued NJ $500 the pvopsfty bf IN
Johnson was found not guilty, and acquitted
~: Court adjourned over to this forenoon, Ut II
O'Clock .....r, I'D 80 - -
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1849-02-07
rrELEGRAPHls lNrELLrsENeE
THIRTnBTh CONGRESa. ~
y SECOND SESSION. ~
6endtos
WAsHISoroN, Feb. 8, 184e.
PETITIONS, MEmoRIALs, &c.


w.sv,so-o r.h q ,o.o
- ... ~ - -'-'
--.- PETITIONS, MEMORIALS &o.-- s--
After the usual routine exercises Of opening had
bssn coma throu0b With uum.rous ucsmor,.,. .sd-.
~. I"..s.,ss 49, $3.50 rYITs1ur
H"ons were presen'eo ana fe"rFso" among incl
one by MI Bell of Tennessee, from . company Of
citizens uroooepe to carry thu mail I'm s.or.
@, ont. 80 ~. p..,s. 80 ~"
Oh. AYpfs - 'ne Ac'no'in.lG .4Ay zlln.iSaN t.i@
MT RkIAp ead that the petitionsrs men Of high
respsctsbity and and he thought that tbs
,. ,,, 800. pS'','r-f
propo'i,ion ougns 20 % serou'ly con'asr,d
The Eubject TaS referred TO the Committee on Post
CAice AZ Post Resds s,a-,,O a ,,.i6L ,ati,aa rds,
" soIT n c4neI,mA or TIM NJ lyr.r our.+,ona ,.tta
Mr. Rurfra Of south Caroii.s an hmis,ad, - "a q
ries 81 rssolutionr nsesd bv the soisstnra oS ~.
State ,of South Csro,ina sesipaN The snn,icsNisr
Of fhs Wilmot ,roviso la me nsv tsrritpr{ss ~
aso tie usual of the South vifh
recard IA Ire saverv onsstor Mr. RutI.r r.d~ n
IL sunoort AZ tbs in ths con
of Who'll he rsfsrred 10 Sour vronrs
the to forbesr on motion The wsre
ordered to BE- printed. "a ,rast a t..---1,r -,
:, ~. ADOPTION Al, 81 re Eox s AND CHAPLAIN, -. -
Mr. DAvs, Of Mississippi reported an Amendment 70
the existing Law on ths subject roydng for The adj
dtiou Of ten sur icons "a The ~
the United States army and also tan an
laips which Wa nv nnsnimons co,ssnf ncr.;dsrsd
asa naseed. 'hDe =, :, -. ~ N