Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1849-11-19
VOL. XXVIs.---No. 90.

its branches 10 the North aud the SOUTH. II will enrich
the people and increase the capacities Of The country
ain population. and i, will give to Ibis Government
the power IN tax AID :" raise from the wealth.,
and rn that fcensd popuaion and lis prusteriiy for
ever These Of the peaceful frnis-diridends
II van pease--of this great national defence.
The nfiiets besides troops ard munitions OF war which
10 he transported this road hat class known
in railroad las The ligh and bulky. the vsl
table articles ot merchandise, We may expect branch
roads Ia he bull by private enterprise from il nto Nor
thern Mckee, md They will extend down inio the heart
Of the eonnty until The expense of transportation by the
iron Nurse from the North shall meet equal
with ihe eagoes brought over the mountains the backs
OF mules and asses from the ports Of MeSeo. All iis
Nexcans abovo this line win he Supplied with foreign
merchandise over I'll railway They will amount to
several millions Of dollars and this coudty al have the
mnnoplY Of that commerce. We may expect each
Mexican To consume of the goods Of Lowell and other
yankee naiions' NJ the least Two three dollars per
bend and we shall receive aud return therefore The pro-
doce of the Mexican mines Ban there nther arlies &c
commerce ~ the great agricultural products Of
this country which cannot afford pm, the expenses "
transport. ton 'rm end of this road IL The olher
have examined the tariff OF reighw merchandise ~
pei lily odd railroads in this c0nn,ry Mercandse In
divided generally by them intoihfee eassps The first
class censs o III heavy articles such coal and iron,
winch require the rudrsl open cara Tor asporati n.
Which do not require houses io stofsp and which ara
nut liable 10 Ios- or injury by wealherm The road.
HE second class consists oi such articles grain,
provisions. &c and the third class consists of liut and
bulky le'a, Which charged by measurement and
noi by wright, aud which consists of the valuable
articles al commerce, such cloths and manufactured
rnods. The average # elph enrued hy these fif
ndd rnds on the first and cheapest cnss of hese
eles tonr and hall cents per Ion pr mil and the
ffagn rate on The ihtd ind dearest cnss eight cents
mf.lon per mia. Now suppose Tint lahe but one.
fi iiom The cheapest class aud say that this raroad
whlei has no dvldondS To make nnfd T., carry all
Articles ID merchandise at the nie ii lee per
per mile lie distance OF the rrpth Il mad by an air
lac will be about 500 nlrtcnl miles which increased
by necessary dot0m, would give the length Ut the
mad aY 5000 statute miles, whch three per
Ter mlle would require toll Of S. per fran one end
OF The mad 10 tie oh,r arren then The gentlemen
present from Illinois, Mssoui, Ohio, krn'ocky. lenues-
aud the snlh,ra States and nsk II TIER hemp their
wheat or helf flor, them pork pnd beef lhf tobacco
OF enfn, elr cotton. ihcr sugar ilir ce II any uns
al llse ARTICLES afford 10 pay $50 per part uf
the eNpens,s only Ut finding market Among ihe six hun
dfed mlllnns al people who ulahlt The countries washed
by the Paei,2 10 dud n market there tor any une Of
THESE afiles nlnlus the constfucon oi "A commercial
Thor ugh are across The isllnus which joins ihs two A.
meiens Il eno be shown that all these articles eau pay
the expenses III voyage To the slhnns Of Panama,
and oll ri len ceus per ton per ne 10 r,irad there.
and be delivered in the makes Of Peru in less
third The ilnn, ard at uchalf the that ii takes
by the why of Cape Horn. -
Let IA for lnomeu cuneidt the commercial advan'a-
ges which We derive from the Of rivers and
from The geographical portion Of that Wonderful nceau
hasin. whirh Is composed OF The Gulf o Aesicp and the
tafflhean sac. They arr in trn'h the Mednersn,anof
the New Nnfld. river which runs rh south
crpsses parallels Of latitude and consequently passes
through varous climates; therefore variety uf pr,duc-
tons ls 10 be uned ming lis banks anl Of
produce are delivered at is Houlh, he hrne tho
oeean by the wings of commerce. The Mississippi river
ciassea h,nfe parallels Of latitude tlnn any in the
world. aud therefore Gnd IN lis valleys greater VA.
ely ol agricultural staples than the banks of any 9TH
ef rvef We hase wheat aud corn, hemp aud tbbacco.
rrs@ans, eoiion, sugar and nee, with vast variety Of
articles Of mimi importance river which uns cas-, or
west crosses parallels Of latitude TIM same elinate
which exists ~ lis mouth is found at iis sonlee, aud
there Is M variety Of agricultural productions ahng It's
banks. IL this fact. Of The great sources Of
commerce aud wealth afforded by the Mississippi river.
sea, commercially speaking. "a import mi III nolorrn
to he extent aud clunole of he back country by which
II Is dfained And IN this point OF view, there's Is part
81 The WIDE ocean which is parable 10 this NJ dte-
Iahtan STA In oar midst. II is midway between North
and South America rivers that run from the northern
aud southern heni. perc empty inrol In their course
they cross seventy degwrs Of latitude and embrace sill
the agricultural RI mat Of the world The back cum
try drhined by these rve's is greaier in eAr than all
the hack country thu s drained into the Mediterranean
OF the Old world added all the country which drnin-
ed irom Earote into The Aanr and all lha, is Grained
from ndla Into the Indian ocean. There their rivers
are all In the same hemisphere and they have but
harvest during The year. Here rivers rise in both
henisIheres. and we may have harvest every six
n'ihs. HeIt lnfN nave 10 SAIL ZU,DtD hlps 10 eX-
change thu praucs IT The river basin for hose Of an
other IN diff rent climate. Here do il within
distance of 1000 miles. There. is much as ship
can do 10 make one voyage In year between their
mite liver haslns. IN the same tune here, one
ship may make tea voyages between remote river
basins
W hal is il that has caused the natons Of Europe 10
aiach so much value aud Importance the commerce Of
me indies u Is because the basins there lie in
a'iiudes which are not found IN Europe and which theru-
fore supply commerce wi staples Ina, produced
there All The supplies thai 10 be lound IN the bs-
snsol Europe aud Of lndi". with the exception Of
spices, abound IN tar greater prouson in the may
nifcien system Of The New Wuhd. As before stated,
this Mediterranean sea is midway between the two A.
merlcaS; only GIVE us therefore. commercial highway
across this l,lnus. and make it the commercial cen
ire of theenrh |, will then stand midway between Eu
rope and Asia.
As surely a railway is ted across the 18th
mus. 50 surely will II lead u the construction If ship
canal For experience will prove HAT all the railways
thdt can be rucled the slmnses of Panama
and Trhuanepen will be incapable Of transporting the
merchandise which will seek transit there ~ It'll ship
canal vessel may sail from Liverpool or New York or
Charleston, or New Ofeats and entering the trades,
may with fair winds aud flowing sheets sail the world a.
nund and accomplish the voyage in much less time than
II Is possible To do Such commercial lhurona hiare will
place HE Atlantic and the Gulf ports Of the Uni ed aes
on The way side o commerce. and in the great vt
lal; and IN the return voyage fran India. the ports VI
California Will be the half way ouse. He
Owing TO the course which The winds made it beces-
sary Tor vessels IL pursue, Britain is than
we are by ten day. sail and upwards to all the foregn