The spirit of democracy. [volume] (Woodsfield, Ohio) 1844-1994, 1849-08-11
From the Philadelphia North American.
A Sketch of Hungary.

| A Sketch Of Hungary.
| The recent revolutionary movements in
the Hungarian provinces, and the noble
stand they may yet make against the two
powerful armies of Au> tria and Russia
have induced one ofyour constant readers
to have resort to several biographies and
| gazeteers, with view to inform himfelf o.
its extent, population, &C., &c. But as
these contain no statistics, he has hastily
thrown together the following short ac.
count Of upper and lower Hungary, the
statistics being taken from Maggregor's
work, published in Loncon in 1874
In the 18th and 18th centuries, Hungary
comprised part of modern Poland and Eu-
ropean Turkey, and was divided into ten
separate governments or kingdoms, viz:
Hungary proper, Croatia. Sclavonia, Dal-
malta, Bosnia, Balgarir, Moldavia, Lordo-
mia, and Pennsylvania. Several of these
provinces have since been detached from
Hungary, and it now forms a part of the
Austrian Dominions, being bounded on
the west by part of Germany-north by
Gallicia, from which it is separated by the
Carpathean Mountains by Transyl-
vania and Wallachia, and south by Tur-
key, Sclavonia and Croatia. Its present
territorial extent is 81, 500 square miles.
Thus it is nearly twice as large as The
State of New York.
1t was formerly known as Upper and
Lower Hungary, but this division has been
superseded, and it is now separated into
following six circles, viz:-Circle this side
the Danube, circles beyond the Danube,
circle this side the Theyss, circle beyond
the Teeyss, Province of Sclavonia, Prov
ince of Croatia. These circles are divid.
ed into counties, of which there are 13 in
the first circle, and / 1 in each ofthe others.
The principle rivers ale the Danube, the
the Drave, the Maresch, the March, the
White, Koresch, the Izarnos, the Theyss,
the Waag, and the Ternes.
1t contains Sc large towns, 751 market
towns, II, FOG villages, 1, 3O7, 172 hous-
es, 2,885,50O families, 5,917,2O2 males,
6,179, 900 females. Total population 12,-
O96,2O2. Ofthese, about 6,50O,OOU are
Roman Catholics, and about 100000
ofthe Greek church, about 100000 Lu-
therans, 100000 Calvinists, 25O,OOO |
Jews; and its regular army is $4,000 men.
There are about 100000 of English |
acres arabic land, 100000 vineyards,
4 100000 gardens, 4,85O,O0O pastures,
and 100000 English acres of wood
land-whole number of acres being about
100000, 100000, 4,5OO,OOO head
Of horned cattle, 650,OOO horses, 8,OOO,-
300 sheep.
Buda is the capital, stands on the right
'ank of the Danube, and has $4,000 in
labitants. 1t was once the residence of
he Kings of Hungary, say till 1926, when
t was taken by the Turks. For 100 years
was contested between them and the
Christians, and it was fully surrendered
o the latter in 1886. In 1910 600 houses I
we're destroyed by fire, but they have re-
'laced with improved buildings.
Immediately oppsite Buda, on the east ,
ide of the Danube, is Pesth, which is the {
argest city in Hungary. 1t is we'll built,
ontaining many elegant public buildings
nd mansions of the Hungarian nobility. ,
is University is one of the most richly
ndowed on the continent of Europe, and ,
his city of Besth contains about 10000 ,
it is about 13O miles east
outheast of Vienna.
Throughout Hungary the Sclavonia +
population are the most numerous, and ,
erform the most servile kinds of labor
The Magyars original Hungarians-
hough generally illiterate, are spirited :
md intelligent race. fond of active employ :
nent and military life-avoiding as much .
Is possible, either labor or traffic. In 49,
n there were not less than 259 ,648 privi- ,
eyed noblemen. The number since that =
ime has considerably increased. They :
'ay no taxes, are thus very burthensome, ,
nd greatly retard the advancement of the -,
1ost generally fertile kingdom in Europe, !
which also suffers much from the want of ,
ood roads and cheap transportation. r
In the absence Of a better account ofthe !
hungarian country, this sketch taken from ;
everal Of the best books within reach of
lie writer, will probably be acceptable to 6
our numerous readers. Its large popu- !
ltion will surprise many, but that state
tent, with all the other statistics, may be 6
lied upon, having been collected from !
B36 to 1889, b. Iohn Maggregor, one of
le Secretaries ofthe Board of Trade Lon
on, and published in 1914. :
he Irish Patriots s-The last Scene. :
1t is always sad duty, says the N. Y. h