New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1849-03-19

their homes
California.
There 10 no novelty in the procession of the
most important Political and Social results from
the blind esgerness OF individual adventure In
quest OF sudden wealth. The Golden Fleece has
often dszxled the vision and aured the steps of
the needy and ssnguine. and though they may
have returned thoroughly shorn and naked, or
never lived To return at all the foundation OF
empires the transferronce of the centers OF Power
and OF Trade, have nevertheless resulted. No
matter whether the Gold of California shall or
shall not continue 10 justify the towering expecta
tons Of those horying in quest OF It, the hrst
day Of next November will see the valley OF the
Sacramento peopled by not less-probaby many
more-than One Hundred Thousand of the Aaglo-
Saxon race, to say nothing of the Aborigines,
Spanish Americans and Pacific Islanders whom
the same devouring passion Will have precipitated
upon the new Land of Gold. Nothing like this
immigration in suddenness or importance has oc-
CURED since the days Of Columbus and his imme
dia,e successors il ever. Nine.tenths of the whole
number viii have been lured thither within a
year by the glitter of the yellow metal alone.
No emigration equal 10 this in average intelh-
rence and vigor was ever before known. With
scarcely an exception, the whites now in Califor
MIA or hastening thither can not only read and
write, compute and keep accounts, &c. with cor
rectness and ease, but are schoolod in the ideas
and the habits of selfrespecting seli-governing
freemen. There are inevitably some bad chaFac
ters among them-gambling, fighting, cheating
l. al thatr
bihty and the last remnant of their neiehbors' con-
6dencc elsewhere, and who go thither to COM
mence a new career of debauchery and crime ;
bat these bear but small proportion TO the whole
number, and will ind their proper level much
sooner than they now imagine. large number
20 out expecting to live by trade, or law, or some
cort OF intellectual exertion; but the great MAJOR
ity 20 calculating 70 dig their fortunes out OF the
naked earth by their own honest toll, and these
must generally succeed The gold may be ex-
haustcd-nay, in time 1t mast be-but the earth
and its better uses viii yet remain; and they who
shall not have erasped the shining dust must also
in good part lngsr on some portion Of our Pacific
waters. They will turn their attention to grain.
growing, to cattle-rearing, numbering, &c. and,
after enduring season Of disappointment, priva'
ton and struggle for mere subsistence, they wall
become the founders of populous and flourish
ing community. The long season of drouth expe-
rienced over great portion of California and Ore
gon 10 serious drawback, but il is compensated
by the mildness OF their Winters and the general
salubrity OF their climate, rendering them among
the best regions for extensive tocks and herds IN
the world Very great diversities of temperature
may be obtained In California by a removal OF not
many miles up or down the slope from the crests
Of the mountains the deepest OF the valleys, and
thus cattle and sheep may avoid the drouth q
Summer amid the cool breezes and dashing streams
Of the mountain declivities aud the SHOWS OF VIM
ter upon the rich bottoms and grassy glsdes OF the
Sacramento and San Joaquin, costing their own
crs the merest trife for food and shelter Though
not 90 well adsp ted to grain.growine It does not
appear that the absence Of rain in Summer Is ey
any means universal, nor that 1t prevents the
grow tn Of bounteous harvest of Wheat aud other
early rpening cereals where II exists. OF Fruits,
many Of the tnest known to man now npen and
rot in neglected profuson around the ruins of the
old Jesuit Missions aud there seems little reason
To doubt tina, Upper California may justify Col.
Fremont's designation of it as the Italy OF the
New World when its resources shall have been
developed and its capacities fully understood In
time IL cannot tail TO become the homo Of many
millions OF people, irrsdia,ed by the light Of Chris
tisnity and skilled in all the arts Of mcdern civil
ration. With Jury Trials. the Printing Press, re-
galas Nails and Christian ministrstions among the
fundamental bases Of its Social framework, while
Land Monopoly, War and the subsection OF Labor
to Capital arc tor the present precluded, the Social
condition Of California ough, speedily TO exhibit
an Improvement on that OF any other portion Of
tho globe.
There il one fearful but we trust temporary
drawback on these initial advantages IN the alb
ssnco Of Woman. Probably nine-tcn,hs Of the
civilized population Of California, now and for the
next year at least. will consist OF men, generally
in the prime Of life This disparity will lead 70
deplorable disorders and mischief Men anblest
ny the rchoing and hsllowing influences OF female
society naturally tend TO become selfish. coarse
and cruel--tcnd toward condition OF sArbarism.
Bat this disparity cannot long continue. Many OF
the Csliiornlaus have left families behind them
only because Of their inability TO pay their pas
sage, and tho notorious restitution OF dwellings
and other comforts in the Gold Region. Many
more have gone re.c,scd to rcturn for those whom
they are eodcr engagement 20 marry IS soon as
hey aAn Afford " DO ~, Thsss aad others, v Ter