Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1849-04-26

on the little Colorado, which we reached the 4th
dav afierward, the tenth after leaving the camp
on the mountains, having travelled through snow
and ON foot, 100 miles.
lax mon the feeling which induced me to
set ont from the camp as an inspiration. Had |
remained there, waiting the return of poor Kings
party, every man of us must have persisted.
The morning after reaching the Little Colora-
do Pneblo (sorses and supplies not being there,)
Cooley and rode on to the Rio HOndo, and
thence to Taos, about twenty-five miles, where
WE found yha. we needed; and the next morn
inc Cooley, with four MexiCans, thirty horses or
m1les and provisions, sat out on his return to
the relief Of Vincenthalers party. heard from
him ot the Little Colorado Pueblo, which he
reached the same day he left me, and pressed on
the next morning. On the way he received an
accession of eight or ten horses, turned over to
HIM by the orders of Major Beall, of the army,
Commanding officer of this Northern district OF
New Mexico. From him received the offer of
every aid in his power, and such actual assist.
ance as he was able to render. Some horses
which he had just recovered from the Utahs,
were loaned to me, and he supplied me from the
Conn.ssary's department with provisions, which
[ could have had nowhere else. find myself in
the midst of friends. With Carson is living
Ovens Maxwell is at his father-in-law's, doing
lrospefous business as merchant and con-
traitor for tide troops. remain here with these
old comrades, while GoDey gees back because
it vas not necessary for me to 60 with HIM, and
it Vas necessary for me to emain, and prepare
the beans Of resuming the expedition to Cali
foe has soonas he returns with the men left be-
hsE2 expect him on Wednesday evening, the
3lst inst this being the 18th.
Say to your father that these are my plans for
the future: At the beginning of February (Go-
dew having got back at that time) shall set out
for California, taking the southern route-the
old route-by the Rio Abajo the Paso del Norte,
the south side of the Gila, entering California
by the Aqua Caliente, thence to Los Angeles,
and Immediately to San Francisco, expecting to
get there in March, and hoping for your arrival
in Anil. 1t the first time | have explored all
old road, but cannot he'll it now. shall move
RAPIDLY, taking with me but part Of my party
The survoy+ has been uninterrupted up to this
point and shall carry it on consccutvcly. As
soon as possible after reaching California | shall
20 on with it, shall then be able TOT draw up a
map and report of the old country, agreeably to
our original plan. Your father knows that this
is an object of great desire with Inc. All my
other plans remain entirely unaltered. A home
in California is the first point, and that will be
ready for you in April.
Euening.--Mr. ST. Vrain and Aubrey, who
have lust arrived from Santa Fe, called TO sec
me. had the qualification to learn that St
Vrain sets out from Santa Fe on the 18th Of
February for St. Louis; so that by HIM | shall
have an early opportunity Of sending you my
letters the one now write, and others after the
return of Cooley, and up to our departure fol
California. Lieut.. Beale left Santa Fc on his
way to California on the 9th of this month. lie
probably carried on with him any letters that
might have been in his care, or at Santa Fe, fol
me.
Monday, Jan. 29.-My letter assumes journ
al form. No news from Cooley. A great dea
OF falling weather-rdin and sleGt hcre-snow
in the mountains. This is to be considered a
poor country, mountainous, with little arabic
land, and infested with hostile Indians.
| am anxiously waiting to hear from my party
and in much uneasIness as to their fate. My
presence kept them together and quiet: my alb
sence may have had a bad effect When We
overlook Kings furnishing party, Breckenridge
said to me " He felt himself safe"
So far the extracts from the first letter, unC
they are mournful enough The next, writer
after the return Of Cooley, with the survivors Of
the party, will be still more SO. Though writer
with lapidity and confined to events-the mind
pcoiing from the description Of scenes and the
Asails Of woeit is stil too much for this nights
per, and must be deferred till our next.
j A fork Of the Colorado Of the Gulf of Cal
trnia.
II With a view, among other great objects, t.
H. Mississippi and Pacific highway.
FARTHER AND FINAL ACCOUNTS.
| We resume the extracts from Col. Fremont'i
Letters, prefacing them with some brief dcscrip
ton of the localities made memorable by disas
ter, for the information of those who have no
recent maps at hand.
1t is known that the great Rocky Mountain
Chain, with general direction north aud south
sends out branch toward the south, cast from
between the heads of the Askansas and the Rio
del Notte; and this branch forms the dividing
ridge between the upper valleys Of these tive
rivers, and between the headwaters of the Red
River and the Del Norte and having accom-
plished these purposes it subsidies and disap
pears in the plains of Texas. The highest par
Of this branch chain, and the governing objcc
in it to travellers, are the Spanish Peaks, frs
made known to American geography by the theI
7 10 nh II
north latitude 81 IL deg; and west longitude
from London los deg. and about on line Ion
gitudinaly with the Puebos of the Upper Ar
kansas, distant from them hall degree and il
sight. They are seen at q great distance, 1nt
are guiding objects to travellers. The road It
Santa Fe passes below these Peaks and crosses
the chain about two degrees south; Colone
Fremont passed above them and entered the val
lev of the Del Norte high up above the Mexl
can settlements, and above Pixies stockadc, ant
intended TO follow the Del Norte 10 its held, ant
cross the great Rocky Mountain chain throug
some pass there to be found. He was there
fore, SO to speak, going into the forks of tn
mounlain-into the gorge of two mountains
and at great elevation, shown by the fact of til
reaI rivers which issue from the opposite side
| Of the Rocky Mountains at that part-the Ar
kansas and Del Norto on the east, the Gran
River fork of the Colorado Of the Gulf of Cal
Iornia on the west. 1t was at this pont-th
head of the Del Norte-whGre no traveller ha
ever gone before, that Col Fremont intended
pass to survey his last line across the continen
eOmplete his knowledge of the country betwee
NJ IA mississippi and the Pacific, and crown tn
lsbors of long explorations by showing the cour
trv between the great river and the great sea
be inhabtable by civilized people, and pract
cable for a great road, and that on several line
and which was the best. He had been sevo
wears engaged in this great labor, and wishe
iocomplote it 1t was the beginning of Decen
bpr That be crossed the chain from the Arkar
sss valley into the valley of the Del Norte, an
aNbouph late, with the full belief of the o.
hunters and traders at the Pueblos, the guiC
inclusive whom he there engaged, that he wou
90 through. He was provided with everythlr
70 carry arr. The men to California, and with grain
corrv all the animals across all the mountain
in,o The valleys of the tributaries of the Gre
CoIerado of the West, where the SHOWS wou
be- lght, wood and grass sufficient, game album
IL.