The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1849-07-14

Aoalh Regulations
IN the 7 civil Engineerand Architects Journalr
for November, 1913, for a copy Of which we are
indehte scientific gentleman Of this ci,v. we
find az sting article on the Paris Council of
Health. L stated that from 1915 to 1929. up-
wards of four thousand three hundred and tbirtv
reports were made bV the Council. From 1929 20
1882 they made four thousand four hundred and
ihiriY-ar pris; and during the succeeding six
years Hber roseto three thousand and eighty.
seven. these reports are moi like the weekly
bills p alily with which our New Orleans
Board ith duly iavors US on every Monday
or luesal mornng-whieh weekly bills the said
Board have very unceremoniously promoted to the
brevebrank Of Report True, the functions Of
the Parisian Council are purely consultative
while our Board az Health is administrative also
Hence we have no right to expect from our BOARD
the elaborate reports which are furnished by the
Coasel De Salubrite. But we would recommend
to the Board Of Health the pernsal Of some Of the
Partisan reports, and we hope they will profit by
and act in accordance with the facts which have
been observed by the Partisan men ofseience As
half Of our Board are Doctors Of Medicine they
ought to be conversant with the reports Of the
Council We annex some synopzes of the observa
tions made by the Council Of Health in order to
give an idea Of the matter contained in their re-
ports The principal reports relate to the adultera-
ton Of food, the analysis Of bread, the ltrage Of
water the escape of waste liquids OF manufactures,
baths and wash-houses, the refuse of slaughter
houses, tallow melting, ue-making, &C., the
smoke Of kilns and cement works, tanneries and
foundries, the cleansing of cesspools, methods of
heating and ventilation, the regulation Of baths,
the publication Of street gas, precautions in the
manufacture and conveyance of chemical matches,
fusees and Eliminating powders, sfeam-engines the
sale Of arsenie metal-gilding, distheres, remedies
against drowning and suffocation, epidemics and
large number of questions respecting the medical
police.
SALT.-In a single year the Council analysed
nearly 5000 samples Of salt which had been taken
from different dealers by the police, and found
2561 samples to be adulteraied the principal in
gradients for the purpose being plaser and potash
After examining other samples, taken directly from
the saltpits, the Council reported thai where white
salt contains potash cacareOus matter or sand il
is arfcially adullered; that grey salt appears TO
contain naturally little potash caleareous sui
phate; but that the foreign substances always exist
naturally in very minute quantities.
WATER.-In ls4l, the Council reported on the
| different systems Of purifying the waters Of the
/ Seine. Two public companies employed Smiths
| process, with filters Of sand and charcoal in open
| vessels, and under small pressure. The layer Of
charcoal is between Two layers of sand which again
4 are between two beds Of flints. A third company
/ used the filters bearing the name Of Fonvielle
which consists Of several alternate layers Ofsponge,
4 sand and charcoal, contained in closed vessel,
subject to pressure of one atmosphere for the nur-
pose Of increasing the rapidity Of liberation.
| Another process most extensively used, is that of
/ Souchon, which consists in flteFing the water
through number Of layers Of woOllen tissue,
/ formed Of wool clippings, placed on the frames
forming the bottom Of the filter, and spread by the
action Of the water itself ina compact, uniform
| layer. The water passes through five such layers,
| Of whichthe two lowest are thickest, and remain
/ unchanged for five six days; the others are
/ changed two or three times a day. The public
conduit Of Notre Dame is supplied by five Of the
/ above described filters
| On a microscopic examination Of water filtered
by the three different processes, the Council of
| Health found the water containing the least inn
purity be that filtered by the FOnvielle process
| next to which comes that Of the SOuchon filters.
/ The purity of wafer depends, however, not en-
urely on the absence of matters held in susrsnsion,
4 but also Of dissolved organic substances, which
after time give disagreeable taste 10 the best
filtered water. Ia this respect, the wafer filtered
4 by the process first described was found to be by
I far the best, it remained a much longer time
without alterations. The result is attributed to the
use of charcoal, which is frequently renewed
washed and dried. The quantity of water filtered
daily by SOuchOn's Pre- is stated at about
l62, SEQ gallons; by Fonviee's process at IS, 900
4 TO 10 500 gallons. The relative rapdity Of the
/ Osher methods is far slower.
/ STREET GAs-The disagreeable odor of street
! gas is due TO hydrosuphurc acid, free or COM
/ bined with ammonia pyrogeneous products
| When the sulphuretted hydrogen and hydro. sui
phuret Of ammonia reach the burner the eombus-
| ton converts the sulphur into suphuric acid
which exercises a deeterious influence on health
II is curious that 10 this respect the provincial
towns Of France exhibitan advantage over the cap
iia In many 9fthe former gas is delivered TO the
consumer free from sulphuTetted hydrogen and am
moniacal gas. BY proper management, the process
of publication may he rendered complete and will
give, in place OF residue Of yalneless lime a pro-
duet valuable for chemical and agricultural pur-
poses. A commission appointed TO examine the pro-
cess Of NJ. Mallet, which has been successfully
employed at Boulogne, Abbevie and other towns
reports that his method consists in passing the gas
before it reaches the lime, through chloride Ofman-
ganese or suphats Of iron, which rob it Of the am
moDial salts bydOube decomE )sition; precipitating
certain products and leaving others in solution in
| the liquor in which the gas is washed. The sepa-
ton Of the suphuric and free carbonic acids is sub
| sequenty effected by lime, Of which much smaller
quantity is required than by the old method. M
1allet's process has the advantage Of utising
| substance otherwise valueless for the salfs of
manganese which he requires are the refuse Of
merous kinds of manufactures where it has been
! hitherto a useless incumbrance. In localities
however, where it cannot be procured, sulphate Of
| iron, the product of alum-wOrks, may be suhsti-
| tuled Moreover, either substance after being
used at the gas-works, furnishes valuable chem
ical product-muriate of ammonia or sulphate Of
ammonia.
LrcENsEs.-The following summary of the pro-
oeedngs Of the Council, in one particular class of