The organizer. (Oxford, Miss.) 1845-18??, 1849-05-19


ground with the least possible horse power.
| MIR. Parker produced his valuable treatise
on field gates and Enclosures Mr.. Edg-
worth gave his attention to the improve
ment Of wheel carriages and horse traction,
and many other subjects which The mere
laboring farmer never would have thought
OF, were written upon and discussed by men
of high talent and ability ia their several
departments.
This society likewise contained among
its members several men who. were skilled
in Chemistry, and who by papers which
they wrote, showed. that many OF the opera
tons OF the farmer involved chemical pFin-
cipIes, and could only be investigated BY
chemical processes. This subject was soon
found to be, so important that my much
respected and revered instructor in Chem.
istry. Mr. afterwards Sir, Humphrey DaYy.
was elected Professor Of Chemistry to
the Board Of Agriculture, and for 10 years
be delivered regular annual courses of
Lectures on the connection Of Chemistry
and Agriculture. the substance of which
Lectures he Published in 1913. under the
title of Elements of Agricultural Chem
isfry." This. believe. is the first dawn
Of this new born science Agricultural
Chemistry, the importance Of which is now
so fully aud completely established that it
has for some years pasFoceupied the alLen-
ton Of many Of the first men Of science,
and hasl been extensively written upon
by the French chemist Chaplai. Berge-
Illus Of Sweden. Thompson Of Edinburg,
Liebig Of Germany. Johnson Of Dur
ham, and many other men Of high emf |
nence. And / shall drawmy present dis
course to close by pointing out some Of
the leading points which connect the
sciences Of Agriculture with Chemistry.
The chemist can by his working pro
cesses get any and all of the Natural
Earths into separate and pure state, and
in this case they are known 70 be altogether
white, like powdered chalk or whiiing,)
whether they be clay. lime. hinty sand. !
magnesia. or any thing else, and il has been
ascertained that no seed will grow. or any
plant live and arrive at perfection in any OF /
these pure eaTths, even though they are
KEEP, damp and exposed TO open air and
light thence we are assured that no plants
can grow and flourish in pure eanh aloae
Again,--if we take an acorn, or even
walnut or almond, or other hard shelled
seed and support il in tall conical wine
glass, or even over the open mouth Of
bottle, so that the point from which il will
sprout be downwardS, and we then 6ll the
vessel with clean water, and keep it ia the
sun or daylight, filled 70 within half an
inch Of touching that seed, it viii swell.
and the radical or FIRST formation Of the root
will shoot downwards through this space
into the water, in search OF nutriment, and
the plumula or young plant will soon after
appear at the top Of the seed, and will in
crease and develope its. leaves aud grow to a
height Of or inches.-In this way III
have several times raised both oaks and nuts
10 the height Just named. without any earth
whatever, in single summer, but such
plants are always weak and feeble and |
could never get them to much greater
height OF 10 maturity, even by transferring
them into good soil, for they bad not vital
strength sufficient to resist winter, and con.
siantly died. These two experiments show
that plants will no, grow and reach matur-
ity, in any or alilhe pure earths which con-
ytiiuie the surface Of our globe, even when
aided BY the presence Of air. light, and
water; neither can vegetation be perfected
BY these three latter elements when the
aarths are not present And vet We know I
hat al vegetables grow in The earth or
ground in a state Of nature without any /.
1ther visitation or assistance Than what they
derive from air. light, and water This /
alone will be sufficient 10 excite the in-
lnisifire mind into an examination as to I
what Is deficient 10 our experiments 30 as I
o prevent our plants from thriving. u
Looking around af farms and planla. 7
ions as they occur IN nature. We. fnd those q
pots Of hand that are mos productive. con-
sanity covered by grass or low vegetation. 4
mixed with shrubs or tees and II we ex-
mime tie soil ittwill be found yellow. /,
,rown. rel. Or very dark brown approach
ne 70 black color snd that portions n I
,orfect whheness win Be matters of rarity
el3om occnrring IN iodividlal plantations. i !
,nt generally Distributed ever large lora-
ions; and these. when they occur. are con-
family the most sterile end unprOduciire
,laces N
Such simple observation Of nature as n
his. throws great lighi on our subject e
Chemistry shows rs ihai al eaiths in their q
,ure STATE are While az chails. Bot nearly al y
he carlh Of our pltniations is more % Jess e
olored coosoqueniiyii isuoi pure but rs &
zen cslore3 bv somehinr cEiraneous - q
self We 60d LIKEWISE lhai tbs colared j
- = .lrfI.l ....h r,.sssrI,rr =. Ala Hte 4.
ghile and pnre earth was incarabl1o q Sos, ?
iininz 81 Thore can Be 70 denht there. e
,re. 81 ilal 4 eroai rouion oifh1n pis.lees s