Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1849-04-13

s 10 violate The iaw OF nature by separa,o,
.; me sexes; 10 send tEousan ds ol her sans ac,ao
rom tneir happy condIlou al home TO cnconr.
er he hamships 81 lie West; 10 sen! muIint.,
81 others 10 DE b. dissipation IN her cie>, AM
| 10 place ser lonely and deserted women, nor !,
| converts, but in tdCluiIes. have SAT-: that lhe,
are abou; fifty thousand women employed 10 tho
factories af Massachusetts. Such is The e>,;
moay Of The official census Of the State ia lSa,
Those who are linus employed, il is well Known
are generally young, unmarried women, as such
vncatiun would be "a her Incompatible Wiz
,he domestic duties OF wives. Now, accort:ro
~ me census OF 1910, there were but about fire
s.y.u thousand women in that Stale, between he
.oes o, seventeen and twenty. hve-so tha, abou
scvrn.eishths OF the marridgeable women d,
Massachusetts, al q lime Of lie that ought 10 h
sacred 10 love and couushp, 10 pleasure an! ia
hopc. 10 home and 10 society," are sent tonh from
tns parental roui. 10 labor for years coDhne 10 an
| over-heatei room. containing hundred Persons
each. confined 10 space five fee. square. for
thirteen hours a day, under male oyerseer, and
no, prrmiiie,. 10 receive visit ron a lover or a
relative in Inc MILL except by The perm sion 81
me prorrielor's agent, or At The boarding house
rxceat by the permission oi the pfopre,ois
huusr-kecpri; Tor such are the rseulatel5 and
! c,nJuion o: Lowell This confinement 10 lac.
tories. rostpones the marriage OF the women o.
MASSACHUSETTS, 10 an average OF % or "a years,
do mol know a. what age precisely, marriage
o.cnr in Virginia, but the census shows that Viz
oinia, win lever alalS, has ioouuo m0fe o!
children.
| Ia determining The con,.i ion ol civilized com
muriieS. il is general ;y:considered essential Il
| eDquiIc inio The state Of their panpersm mol on.
| ly because the paupefs themselves usually con.
| s;i!u,e ConSide!a! lc class, but because their
number affects vilaily Inc condition Of the entus
| lab ring cases.
In ,he STATE 0. New York The progress OF pau.
I psrism has been rapid IL 1880, the numter
| supported or relieved vas 1896. In 1885 was
So 362 according To Chapin's U. 5 Gazetteer
| for 1914 IL lsi3 or the number bad increas
ed 10 about 1900 permanent, and the same
number of occasional raupers, making
total OF IA 600 as appears from me Jour
nal .: Commerce. These we're Tor he whole
| State and there was thus, one pauper 10
| -ycrg seventeen inhabitants. In lSi7 ihtIe
| there were received al he principal aims houses
or he civ 0. New York - 692 persons, AMI
out.,lo0y teiet was given out o.! public nnis %
1852 pcrsons making n total OF IS, 26i. 81
maj about 0,lc person sut ot ererv fire IN he cIs
oi New York was dependent, more or less on
pubic CHI. rily. Thr total cost hat year d Ia.
pau -eri.m was S3l9 1913 81. For this pieseEl
wear OF IS49, The estimate is 100000, ACCORDING
10 The mayors message
In Mas achuse,ts, it appears by the returns,
,ha, there were in 1886 $3.50 paupers, and IL
lsiS, 1858 These were all in the aims houses
Those relieved ou' q the aims houses weIs
9,Sl7 making TOTAL Of 2S,5lO according 10 III
.ep,it OF the Secretary u Siate OF Massachd.
selts. And Inc return from iony-one towns are
omiucd. II allowance br made ior these, il vii
IN fha4 IN Il. ID
every tHenty is a constant or occasional pauper
II thus appears that in these 100 States pauptl-
ism is Advancing len times as rapidly as lhell
wealth Or population |; has become So great as y
include large Numbers ui abe bodied men who II
appears cannot, or, what is worse, will not
earn 4 subsistence, and, if such be the case,
VIVA, must be the condition Of the great mass o
people hanging Oh the verge Of pauperism, but
withheld by an honorable pride, from applying
Tor public charity.
Now, throughout the greater part Of Virginia
and Kentucky, pauperism is almost unknown
| passed, some time ago, the poor-housc OF
Campbell county, Kentucky, on the opposite
side Of the ri;er, and there was not solitary
inmate. And have known populous coun-
" in virginia 10 have but one.
II has generally been supposed that the pau
pcrs Of Massachusetts and New York are princ
pally foreign emigrants. But this is mistake.
10 the $3.50 paupers Of Massachusetts in 1896.
only 1872 were Of foreign birlh-but lite
over one fifth. which does not probably exceed
lnc proportion then. Of that population 10 the
State. IN lS45 Of | Ole persons admitted into
the aims houses of Boston 400 were foreign. vi
whom 3-2 were Irish; but that was the year OF
irish famine. In ls4S, Of 1898 pauprrs 10
reive: Into the alms-houses Of Mas acbusetts,
7,4l3 were foreigners We do not know
what proportion Of the people OF that State are
foreigners; in Boston there is about one-lhrd.
When pauperism extends 10 the class that are
able t. labor, IL Is evident that the wages OF Ia
nor are reduced Ia tn. cost Of subsistence. Aud
hence the whole class must be subjected 10 the
mcanchol, and terrible necessity Of workln.,
rather To avoid the poor house, han Of better.
ing their condition. Aid the pauper in
aims house is slave. He works under mas
ter, and receives nothing but subsistence. And
there are already in New York and Masss-
chJsei,s abou, one hundred thousand pcr.ons III
This condition. about al equal numLer occa
sionaly 80, aud they are increasing al the rate
Of 300 per cent, whilst the whole population
does not increase ~ per cent. in ten years. 10
Cincinnati the number of paupers, permanent
and occasional, already amounts TO two thou
sand.
Whilst lie property OF the North is thus com
pellet 10 contribute TO the support Of this great
aud growing burden, and TIE labor Of the
.>orln. must not only assist in lis support also,
on, must work in competition with il, they are
subjected TO another mighty evil, which spring
from, or, al least, IS aggravated by the sane
causes and that is crime.
The number OF conyicls in the three penI
tentiaries of New York, Auburn, Sing Sing
aud Backweiis Island is about two thousand.
III the Pcnrentiary Of Virginia there are only
Ill whites, 50 blacks. Th, indicates four
times The amount Of crime in proportion to the
white population in New York as in Virginia,
In Massachusetts there were IN ls47, 2S5 per
sons in The State prison, which indicates more
thsn twice the crime in that Stale as IL iE
gaia. Taking all The New Eng and States l..
set'ier, their pcnitentia-y convicis are twice =
numerous III proportion to population as in lIr.
glnla, IS will be seen BY consulting the Amer.
can Almanac for lS49 II contains sketches Of
The criminal statistics of the several States, AMI
is New England authority. In Ohio there are
40 persons III the PenIteniIary-In kentueki
l30, Ohio being twenty five per cent. the
most, according 10 population. ACCORDING -
the returns OF the Kentucky Penitentiary, one
half OF her conyic,s for the last ten years came
from The single county in which Louisville. her
principal town. is ocated-ahd one-lhirJ Of be
whole number were born in free States. >
much FOR The States Of the North, agricultural
manufacturing aud commercial, Old and new, a.
compared Si!h those OF the South in crime.
The results are uniformly, and largely III favor
| Of The South.
- REMINDER on SECOND PAG.
.American Almanac, 1919.
The Nashville Republican notices he air''
| OF Ex-Pfcsident Polk in that city on lie = H.
where lie was greeicd hy large concouse 2! y