The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1849-03-11

ratifes what has already been done Hence, do not
deny the right Of the people OF territory to assemble
the Union When done with that view, II is act of
loyalty TO the republic. But do deny that they have
the right without the consent OF the States, through Con-
gess, TO organize government which will constitute
them independent OF the States OF the Union which
would supersede the temporary government which may
have been established by Congress The relation of the
territories to the United States PROFESSIONALLY that OF
dependence and susordinatlon, and matter of right,
they do nothing inconsistent with the sovereignty Of
the several States over them.
That circumstances may which would Justify the
people OF territory setting up an Independent separate
government, not only admit, but advocate Territories
held by the United States to be admitted ultimately
members OF the conederaey II their condition is one OF
subordnaton and dependence, il is also one OF puplage
and protection is the relation of parent and child IT,,
therefore, the States through their federal agent do acts
inconsistent with that relationship; if instead OF foster
mother, the Union becomes memorable tyrant IT. IN
stead OF uteage, she nho the evils of vas,aage; II she
capciousy and unwarrantably refuse TO admit il into the
Union, alter II has obviously attained TO the capacity Tor
self government, the inhabitants OF territory would be
absolved from their allegiance and justified in setting up
separate independence II the States, In giving their
consent of which have before spoken for the people of
a Territory to form State government, impose cond
tons or restrictions incompatible with that equality in
sovereignty and dignity which apPertalns TO the other
States of the confedeacy, it would justify ii in set
ting up an independent government II is upon this
ground that Missouri would have been justified in de,
clarIng her independence IN 1920. She had reached
constitutional majority; she possessed the requisite pop
uaton TO constitute State OF the Union; her peo-
pie were sufficiently intelligent and ylruous Tor SELF
government; she had presented republican constitu
uon and she asked to be admitted into the Union, and
to be clothed with that sovereignty which resided in the
States But Congress sought to impose upon her pro-
viso restricting slavery This was condition not i'm
posed upon the other States. 1t incompatible with
thai equality and sovereignty which belonged TO the other
members OF the conederacy; To such condition she
was not bound to submit; and, having right to admis
sion, without Its imposition, she would have been lust
he'd IN setting up an acknowledgements So she
thought at that day; thought the people of the south
SO he mberS
OF Congress by the powerful argument of Mr. Lowndes,
OF South Carolina, that they took shelter under the Mis-
souri, compromise and actually forced it, nolcnS U0ienS,
upon the South Sir entertaining these opinions of the
want OF power the part of Congress- could never
| sent 10 any bill which attempts to create State.
The other proposition for admitting these territories
into the Union States is the bill reported by the senator
from Illinois, Mr. DoUGLAs,] chairman of the select
committee 1t provides
That Congress doth that the portion of the
ritoy of the Unted States which included within the
following limits wit: beginning in the Pacific ocean,
the parallel of forty degrees Of north latitude thence
east on sad parallel 10 the dividing ridge which separates
the flowing into the Colorado river from those which
How into the Great Basin thence along said dividing ridge
TO the point where II was crossed by Lieut. Col o. Ere
mont in eighteen hundred and ortyour, shown the
map OF his exploration thence souhweswadly along the
Inc OF SAID eXpoao as shown on the map OF said Free
mons surveys published by order oil the Senate in eighteen
hundred and ofyeigh TO its intersection with the one
hundred and seventeenth meridian of west longitude
thence IN direct line to the intersection OF the Sierra
Nevada mountains with those OF the west range thence
due west to the Pacific thence along the in
Gliding the adjacent islands, the place OF beginning, shall
DC set apart the territory OF Sae and the full
sment OF the conditions hereinafter contained, the
is hereby declared be Of the States OF this Union by
the and style OF the State of California, upon equal
oo'ng with the 8na States IN all respects whatsoever
And
That Congress doth that the portion of ter
ory OF the United States which is bounded as follows
wit: On tue north by the second parallel OF north lat
ude, on the east by the summit of the Rocky mountains
and the State of Texas, south by the republic Of
Mexico. and The west by the proposed State OF Callo
the Shore snail become one OF the States OF this Union by
the name and style Of the State OF New Mexico or such
adopt upon an equal footing with the original States, in
all respects Whatever as It shall contain the proper
number OF inhabitants; and they shall establish for them
selves constitution and republican form OF govern
ment."
Mr. President this is departure from long establish
ed usage. We have heretofore required the inhabitants
OF territories to remain in territorial condition for sc
RES OF years This usage is in strict accordance wit
the object for which the United States hold territories
mission into the Union; and their inhabitants occupy
the relation OF pupllage, TO be ndoctrnaed in the prn
clpes OF repubcanism, preparatory to their admission
into the confederacv If there is any reason in this
usage, applied to our other territories, how much
more forcibly does it apply to New Mexico and Cali
lornia' Their population is mixed, composed of pie
bald mongre races and but recently severed from the
republic OF Mexico whose history for the last TWEEN
ity years is that of revolution and INSTRUMENTATION.
By what magic have they suddenly become capable
OF segoyernmeni? Why, sir, it is proposed to admit
them into the Union before they have become citizens Of
the United States. By the eighth article of the treaty
the inhabitants of New Mexico and California are al
notifications to make their election whether they will be-
come American citizens return to the Mexican repub
lc The exchange OF Publications took place the 30th
of May, 1913, and therefore the people of the newly
acquired territories not citizens until the Both OF May
next but this bill proposes, contrary to all and TO
the obvious intent OF the treaty to incorporate immsd'
aely the greater portion of them into the Union, Sir,
why this hastei Why this prurient anxiety TO add an
other State to this Confederacy? Was with Florida
Sir, Florida knocked at your door for admission for five
long years Was Louisiana admitted in such hot haste
No, sir, Florida and Louisiana were slave States and
therefore there was great eagerness for their adms
SION But it is certain that, with its present population,
California must be free State, and hence there those
quite willing Tor her Immediate admission. Who are
the people that have gone there from the United States
| They mainly citizens from New York and Massa-
chuses, and they those who would control in the
convention which would meet to frame State constltu
ton What voice would the people of the South their
institutions have in such assembage' Sir, cannot
give my consent to any such proposition II is tame
and ngloous surrender of the rights of the South 1t
is the Wilmot Proviso in disguise, and will accomplish
all which that odious measure intended to ac-
oomplish.
Sir, where the necessity for admitting these terrific
ries into the Union Is it indispensable TO their safety
and protection Or is there any moral political Obli-
CATION for to do so Have they asked for admission
Are informed that California has the requisite popua-
| ton These grave questions, and ought to be
upon to add another State to the Conederacy. The
amendment of the senator from Wisconsin Mr..
WALKER gives the people of those territories the most
ample protection That is all they claim; it is all
we bound to give them at the present time Or, II
this is not enough organize Territorial government In
accordance with settled usage Let it be liberal in It's
provisions, and confer upon them all the powers COM
patble with their relation TO the States, and the rights oil
the States of the Union.
Blu, is said that Territorial bill pass Congress