The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-09-27
Agricultural.

The Newark advertiser contains an in
teresting account of the annual exhibition
at Princeton, Of the New Jersey Horticul-
tural Society, with sketch of the address
delivered on the occasion by Professor
MAPEs, of Newark. In the course of his
address the Professor alluded to the estab-
hShment OF bureau of agriculture in the
Home Department, subject on which we
have published valuable hints from the
professors articles in his american Farmer.
1.-The Professor stated that the farmers paid nine
tenths of the taxes, and that they did not receive
any part OF the benefits of government patronage.
The farmers did not ask for public Offices but they
demanded az a right, and not privilege, that
they might be permitted TO apply their strength,
both as agricultursts and philanthropists, TO in
creasing the wealth Of the nation No duties should
be charged on fertizing materials, and the newly
organized Home Department at Washington should
include an agricultural bureau, the chief Of which
should bold even station with the other Secretaries
having charge Of the other departments Of the Gov
eminent Farming would thus be rendered fashion
able. and labor would no longer be considered, as
now, discreditable.
cit was urged that the plans proposed by Wash
ington should be carried out and that the energies
Of the Government should be in part directed to or
ganzing schemes for the collection Of agricultural
information, and it, proper dissemination through
out the country. Theories could be tested by such
an organization, and facts ascertsincd would soon
be disseminated, properly endorsed, and therefore
believed. We now find one hundred and twenty
bushels Of sheled corn as the product Of acre in
one part of the country, where but ten years since
the product bat thirty bushels; and still for the
want of home department, the method by which
this result has been obtained is unknown TO the com
munity at large. Premiums should be offered by
the Government for improvements in the construc.
ton Of ploughs and the truth of the adage that in
crease OF production causes increase Of national
wealth. would soon DO verified.
But eighty years since and we had no iron
poughs--thc clumsy instrument then used with
the same amount Of power, would plough but one
seventeenth of the land which is now ploughed in
the same time Who doubts If premium of
10000 had been offered in lS45 for the best plough
10 be produced by the year 1880 that a plough
would have been produced which would perform 80
much better service 10 increase the agricultural
product of the Union per cent; and if ~, Gas
the Indian corn crop Of last year exceeded 600 0O0
900 bushels, worth S3OO,OOO,OOO, being one-cigh-
tecuth Of the whole agricultural product) that the
increase Of national wealth from this cause alone
would have been greater than for any other posi-
bic cause Of the current time. A premium for
method which would produce crop Of $50 bushels
Of sheIled corn the acre. 10 be repeated on gov.
ernncut farm provided for the purpose, and the
amount offered sufficiently large to engage the
best talent would not be long without claimant
the process, by being published, would soon in
crease the crop throughout the country, and the
benefits TO be anticipated truly great scions,
seeds, &c, should be transmitted by mail free Of
postage our foreign consuls instructed TO collect
and transmit 10 the Home Department the scions
and seeds Of other countries, and all improved
modes Of tage should be printed and circulated at
the public expense.
"When did the radical Democracy undertake a
task 10 which they were unequal "'-Aaas.
When they undertook to out general the Hunkers.