Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1845-1851, 1849-01-02

are electors without anv proprietary qualification.
This admits Ia suffrage all persons o' nll age and
sound mind. not cN pariaied convicted OF crime.
and it founded upon the ralional dncirinc that prop
erty the only principal right ;or whose pro-
lection civil government was designed We w>,, That
the docrlnc prevailed in every State IN our Union.
But Trough The prevalence OF Engsi IDEAS. English
customs, and The institution OF slavery. right of
suffrage like that of aristocr Enc land than
that of Democratic France. In Massachusetts, the
lowest qua icaon Is The payment OF poll capitd-
tion tax, 81 30 In Virginia the qualifications arc
various, much higher than in Massachusetts, and
founded upon property. Hence while Massachusetts,
with population OF 100000 whites in 1910. cast
135 600 votes in 1913. Virginia with 900 whites
in 1910, cast only $4,000 votes in 1913 Thus 900
men are excluded from voting in Virginia, by want
of property, most all of whom would have been adj
United To vote in Massachusetts! So in New jersey
the whites 37i,OO0 1910. and the votes II 900
in 1913, while in North Carolina the whites
90 0OO in 1910, and the votes only $4,000 in 1913
Upon the basis OF New Jersey, the votes of North
Carolina should be lo, 600 Upon the basis oi North
Carolina. the votes of New Jersey would hive been
loniy $1,000. Thus see, even IN
try the effect Of that ari>ocrac idea which makes
property the principal right of society. In England
this basis excludes six sevenths of The adult male pop
uation from all share IN the government which rules
them Property Is n right merely conventional ;
though The insinc; * natural, the right In acquire
hold and enjoy IL - natural Hence the rights of prop
liberty character feeling, paramount to those Of
property, and therefore should be- the irst objects OF
care aud not the last, III civil government. The En-
elish doctrine, that n man without property has ~
stake IN The community is entirely unphilosophIcal.
He has The rights Of life, liberty character, and the
acquisition OF property, aud therefore much in
tcrc>ted IN maintaining government, The po>scssor
of millions, and general rule, nore DESTROYS Of
ma ntaining free government. DR.. Franklin illus
traied this. by lie case OF the voter owning an ass,
who lost his iraochlse oy the animals death Did the
franchise be one TO the the ass!
Another rood feature Of this constitution is one leg
islaive body II is good for France. and would be
for every other country in Europe, but would not be
good for ns Much speculation has appeared III Amer
lcau journals upon this question, maintaining
that only one chamber is great defect In The French
system, others thai, two great evil IN our own
Both to overlook very important considerations
the adaptation of institutions to the character and po
stions OF nations. The French mpeuous, rash
impulsive, yet obedIenf To discipline. Through
turtles Of military organization. they essentially
military chars Hence they require decision.
promptludc energy IN government. They act much
and deliberate little. Hence they are not qualified for
delay. doubt, uncertainty, INDIGESTION. They en-
dure tyranny better than suspense. Hence they re-
quire government that shall decide, that shall do
wrong, rather than 90 nothing. Not sufficiently vcrs-
ed in the practical details of free Institutions vet
enthusiastic upon ideas of freedom they will endure
despotism, if ii be democratic If them they should
have two chambers, checks upon each other the de-
lays and uncertainties resulting from such orga MIA
ton would place them in danger of frequent dIsur-
Dances. Decide! Decided Only decide. Such is the
French idea of government and such viii 1T be- until
France has lived through two or three generations Of
democratic republicauisIn.
But this peculiar character not the onls OF
the necessity of one chamber Europe is in the
midst Of struggle between democracy and arisiocra-
cy, which will probably endure through the present
generation, and may endure longer. Thrones NAV be
demolished and privileged orders suppressed But
the heirs and preienders thrones Will still live, and
enormous inequalities Of property the source of ors-
tocrocv, viii sill prevail and hence the privileged,
though defeated, will not be annhated. but will
tinuaIIy struggle Ia their lost position In
such conflict. French, or German, or Italian Sem
ate. Upper Chamber, House of Lords, any other
legislative check upon the immediate representatives,
of the people, would he honse of incessant intrigue
against popular rights and progressive doctrines The
habits and prcjudces of Europe The growth Of ceniu-
RES, and therefore not exngulshabe IN day, would
I'LL such house with ari>ocratic peiender< aud thus
keep popular rights continually IN danger. Should
Germany. Italy, Spain, become republics their ancient
aad present subdivision into separate States would Of
fer some excuse for second chamber. But in France,
consolidated republic such necessity does not
And in Germany, Italy, Spain, Federal republic
c"pism. which supposes domestic government for
each State, would not require two chambers to pre-
serve confederate equality or State rights. The Swiss
confederacv have only chamber, containing two
dcDu rom each canton, the vote bcns by cantOns.
and each canton Ina wing vote. Such sys-
ten during the Revolution, and under the old confed-
Grafton. TIL 1859. the commencement OF present
constitution.
In our republic two chambers are necessary. With
powerful and jealous ncighbors, accustomed de-
liberation, and being conederacy OF homogeneous
States, we are an no danger from delay, nford 10
waite ppd deliberate, and must maintain State rights
The inequality in States is inconsistent with n
vote by States, for il wonld render the small pow
ertul and II Is Inconsistent with a vote by numbers
for it would destroy the power Of the small States.
We require combination OF the two, and have got
It Some Americans who every thing througi, an
English medium regard our Senate The arstocraic
part OF our system. 1t is no more aristocratc than
the Honse. 1t is the representative of bodies Ot-
nc. our canions, our States, the members Of our con-
ederacy the House being the representative of the
people Existing IN this compound capacity, we re-
qulre this compound representations as security for
both State and popular rights. The rule will
ultimately apply to Germany Italy, Spain, but not un-
til they are thoroughly purged of political aristocra-
clcs. AS such mlSchIefs nave never existed in on
country, require immedla fences against them
But as they predominant in Europe, the people
guard against them I'LL they are thoroughly cytngusl.
cd. Therefore advise every European republic &c
have one chamber nj present.-Pd. Ledger.
Clay AND WEEsrER.--The TAYLOR orgnu of New
York, the Ere1ing Mrror, says .Cioy's influence
gave Virginia to the Lncofco> :" and That II cal
'trace thls streak of Ultra CayiSm, from Maine 1,
Georgia" Further "ihat Mr.. Clay wrote to hi
friends in this city letter, in which he spoke of III,
Philadc phIa uom nation degradafion 10 The 'chi.
party his own hand writing will prove We know
that he written 10 by his old and true friends
from nll Isars of the country, urging him. and be
SppC In N m vord mr. yrtfa Sin