Democratic banner., 1849-12-31

ought to be dedicated 70 The common uses o.
mankind; -
The routes across the tsthmus, at Tehuauts.
lpec and Pehards, are also worthy Of our seri-
lous consideration. They aid NOT fail to engag.
the attention Of my predecessor. The nego.ia'
tor of the treaty of Gusdaioups Hiaalgo was in
strucsed 10 offer a very large sum Of money fol
the right Of transit across the Isthmus of Tehu'
ansspsc. The Mexican Government did MOI
sccede to the proposition; or the purchase ofths
right Of way, probably, because it had already
contracted with private individuals for the cen
struction Of . passage from the Guassconalcs
River to TehUsDtepec. shall not receive any
proposition TO purchase for money . right which
ought to be equally secured to ell nations, or
payment Of = reasonable toll to the owners Of
tbs Improvement who would, doubtless, be vel
icontented with that compensation, and The guar.
an,sss ofthe maritime States of the world, in
separate treaties, negotiated with Mexico, bind.
ling her and them to protect those who should
Iconstrunt the work. Such guarantees would
do more to secure the communication through
the territory Of Mexico, than any reasonable
consideration that could be offered; and IS Mex.
|ico herself would be the greatest gamer by The
lOpSUIuK OF GIO CUL1WuusCctSUu O9sWCSu snS
Gulf and the Pacific Ocean, It is presumed that
she would NOT hesitate to ysild her aid in the
manner proposed, to accomplish an improve
Iment so important to their own best interests.
We have reason to hope that the proposed Rail-
road across the Isthmus at Panama. will be sue
|~cessfully constructed under the protection Of the
late Treaty with New Grenada, ratified aud ex-
changed BY my predecessor, on the 10Th day OF
June, lS4S. which guarantees the perfect n~euirali-
ty of the Isthmus and the rights Of the sovereign.
ty and property Of New GTenada,o over that Terito-
ny. with q view that the free transit from ocean
TO ocean may not be interrupted or embarrassed
during the existence Of the treaty Il IL our poll.
|cy to encourage every practicable route across the
|Isthmus which connects North or South America
either by Railroad or canal, which the energy or
enterprise Of our citizens may induce them to com
|plete, and ! consider it obligatory upon me to
adopt that policy especially in consequences Of the
absolute necessity Of facilitating intercourse with
OUT POSSESSIONS on the Pacific.
The position Of the Sandwich ~lslancsi with re.
ference to the Pacific, the success Of our psrsever-
ing and benevolent citizens who have repaired to
that remote puater, in outstanding the natives,
inducing them to adopt q system OF government
and laws suited to their capacity and wants and
the use made by our numerous whale ships Of tie
harbors Of the Islands, n places Of resort or for
obtaining refreshments and repairs, oil combine tnl
render their destiny peculiarly interesting US
II is our duty to encourage the authorities OF these
Islands in their efforts to improve and elevate the
moral and political condition Of the inhabitants,
and we should make reasonable allowances foi
the difficulties insepsrable from this task. Wei
desire thHt the Islands may maintain their indipen-
dence, and that other nations should concur with
US In this northumberland could in no event, bel
Indifferent to their passing under the dominion of
any other Power. The principal commerciall
States have In this q common interest, and It Is to-
be hoped that no one Of them will attempt to inter
pose obstacles TO the entire Independence Of the
Islands.
The receipts into the Treasury fer the fiscal
year ending on the Both Of June last, in cash
3 SS.83O,O97 90. and in Treasury notes fuuoed SlO,-
S33 900, making an aggregate OF $39,6SS,uS7 5O,
and the expenditures for the same time were, inl
cash, $46,7S9.667 81, and in Treasury notes fun
ded, $lO,SSS,OOO making an aggregate $57,63l,
667 50.
The accounts and estimates which will be sub
to Congress in the report Of the Seeutary Of
The Treasury, show that there will probably be q
deficit, occaSioned BY the expenses Of the Mexican
War and Treaty, on the frat day Of July next, Of
8 5,S23, l2l 66: and on the first of July, 1851, OIL
$40, 5I7, O02 73-making in the whole a probably
de6clt, to be provided for, Of SIG, ,2i4 ST.
The extraordinary expenses ofthe war with Mexi.
CO, and the purchase Of California and new Mexi-
Co, exceed the amount Of this deficit, together with
the loans heretofore made for these objects. ii
that authority be gwen TO
borrow whatever sum may be necessary to cover
that deficit.
! recommend the observance Of strict economy
in the appropriation md expenditure Of the public
money.
/ recommend q revision Of the existing tariff,
and its adjustment on q basis which may augment
the revenue. I do not doubt the right or duty of
Congress to encourage domestic industry, which
is the great source Of national, a. well Is %individu.
al wealth and prosperity. ! look to the wisdom
and patriotism Of Congress, for the adoption Of a
system which may place home labor at least on al
sure and permanent footing, and by due encour.
Of manufactures give new and increas.I
cd stimulus TO agriculture, and promote the devei
opment Of our vast resources and the extension OF
our m Believing that to the attainment
of these ends, az well as the necessary euRmentG.
ton Of the revenue, and the prevention OF frauds,
. system Of specific duties are best adapted, j
strongly recommend to Congress the adoption of
that system, fixing the duties at rates high enough
to afford substantial and sufficient Encouragement
to our " industry. and at the same time SO ad-
justed a. to insure stability.
The question Of the continuation Of the Sub
Treasury system 10 respectfully submitted to the
wisdom Of Congress. If continued, important
notifications of it appear to be Indispensable
For further details and views Of the above and
other matters connected with commerce, the finan-I
ces and revenue, refer to the report Of the Sec