The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1849-10-27

by selecting for his envoy Russia one OF the most
fact distinguished equally by his great experiences
public affairs and the elevation Of his character He
enjoys a high reputation, not only in Turkey but
abroad, where he has managed difficult and i'm portsnt
missions"
Threats Of War from England, on the
Nicaragua Question.
[From the London Chronicle, Oct l3l
The Discussion which has arisen between the govern
mepts Of the United States and this country with refe
the territorial limits Of the State OF Nicaragua
and the Mosquito country. takes its origin and its i'm
portsnce from the project for establishing canal be-
tween the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, which shall
pass through that portion Of the sthmus the
two portions Of the American continent. Certain pri-
vste individuals citizens OF the United States who de-
scribe themselves members Of the NcRraguau Com
psDy have obtained from the State Of that CO.
nal charter grant, empowering them to construct
this important line Of communication, on certain
terms. But as considerable doubt exists (as shall
presently show with reference to the limits within
which the State Of Nicaragua has the power to make
such concession, there Adventures anxious to
cause treaty to be concluded between the
OF the United States and that Of Nicaragua whereby
the United States should guar antee LIST the right Of
sovrregnty Of Nicaragua over the territory through
ity and freedom CT transit which is essential to the pnb
lie utility of the undertaking An American agent has
actually been despatched Nicaragua by tina cabinet
Of Washington for the purpose Of eecting these OBJ
jects. We understand. however, that the New York
company does not propose to construct the canal and
has no minds for such an undertaking, but simply to
obtain the concession, surmount the political obstacles
and then sell its privilege
If this transaction to lead to the speedy execu-
ton of work Of such Importance and advantage TO
the commerce Of the werld with a due regard TO the
existing rights of all parties IL The heeht of absrdy
and injustice suppose thai could be The interest the
intention Of The British government Mtcaf such pro-
eet On the contrary we are satisfied thai the poiti
cal and mercantile interests OF Great Britain won Id
readily promote any feasible scheme for OPT ming di
rect communication between the Pacific aud Atlantic
and that the people of this country would be Of
opinion that such canal ought to be regarded as
free and neutral high road Of trade placed TOR that
pose net under the exclusive control Of any State
but under the protection Of all the maritime powers
II this principle and this plain object be adhered to,
there could be no doubt that public company pre-
pared to execute these works. would obtain as much
support here in the United States. But in order to
nneerstand the difficulty which seems to have arisen,
IL Is necessary to revert to the peculiar circumstances
of the territory In question.
The State of Nicaragua forms portion OF what
termed under the Spanish rule, The Captain Gene
ralcy Of Guatemala" and IL is now of the indie
pendent republics of Central America, bounded to
the south by New Grenada, TO the west by Guate-
nsla, and TO the month ADD sast by the eiosluto
territory This region is seated By AIR Walker and
Mr. Chatfeld British agents at Bluedelds and Qua
temaa. to have belonged to au independent race
OF Indian kings ever since the fan of Nontezums,
selves 1t is an unaoubted fact that for two hundred
years or more. Great Britain has been in intimate
relation and friendship with the Mosquito chiefs aud
people Articles OF agreement actually signed
totHeen the Governor of Jamaica and thu Mosquito
Chief IN 1890 and on many occasions in the last cen
OF Spain, but uncer the protection Of this
try 1be States Of Central America which have
thrown off the Spanish yoke cannot Of course pretend
TO any territorial rights derived from their mother
country, or any provincial highs beyond their own
n u
cal ovisepce collected by the british missions the
tpot, which has subsequently been laid before Psra
ment in the correspondence relating TO the Mosquito
territory, Lord Pamsrston laid down the Limits of that
State and the nature of it's relations to this country in
the most precise manner. lie instructed the British
agents TO inform the authorities OF the several States
fCentIal America bordering on the kingdom of Mos
quito thst her Msjesty's government consider tho
King of Mosquito be titled the extent of coast
reaching from Cape Honduras the southern mouth of
the river San Juan and TO add that her MaJestys go
woud riep ,ndiGty,nce any attempt TO
a
quito v1o IS und.r me protection Of hs Brish crOwn In
spite OF this announcement the Nicaraguan govern
me MT declared oetSbsr lss7 that IL d,d not recog
nito sDy King Of Mosquito or any such territorial
ana ne Of ST. usn % % sse Of pGs'e o
dominons, and declared that IL would receive
ofthe port OF San Juau effected by the Mosq tcs
der its protection The Council Of state OF Mosqu
Consisting entirely OF such familiar homespun names
ms George Hodgsop, James Porter and John Dixon
sponded TO this defiance By resolution Tor prscti-
cally e.tabhng the full rights OF sovereignty Of the
King If Mosquito sll the mouths of the St John
and over the navigation Of the lower part Of that
river the appearance Of the fret British ship Of
with orders 60 operate with the Mosquito govern
meBt ~ Shortly Afterwards her Ma cstys ships Alarm
AID Vixen arrived of Bluedelds, and the spirited expe
dition under the command Of Captain GrEr vile Loeb
tc'k place The Nieaiaguan estabishment was re-
mevcd from the mouth Of the 81. Juan, the British
fcrees sormed Serapaqui and entered the lake OF Nj
earssua where ON the 9TH Of March lsis, streaty was
esed by Ceptsin Loeb and the Niearagusa All listers
by which the government Of that state solemLly pro-
missed not TO disturb the peaceful inhabitants Of st.
Juan, understanding that any such act would be
sdred by Greet Britain a. declaration Of hos
ites and that the Mosquito tarin established in that
rcrt should be respected AZ the same t,ne, tue Nj
oarseuans refused altogether 10 forego their claims
NJ tho port St. Juan which they contin usd 10
az trt Ight, whilst the British gov,rnm, mt treats
that port part OF tho Mosquito territory, reoos
n!nd pfoteot,d and defended Tor more than a CEN
Jury ly Great BfItain
II may readily be eorJectured. from the Importance
attached On both sides to this question: that Tits
tccttate lad ceased 20 be abstract honorary
function. THIS Juan is The Inlet ~ IRE m0sf gracf
caLle line u water communication he ItHs, and
IL ~ H.. q
fdsees. 1he NicaisgusDs have therefore proceeded
take to the beet market the claims they them
i,iFostie force 20 ssftnG By making cDpoessian OF
tie passage TO citizens Of the United Sta,ea aud by
tanning IL possible the countenaHcs and guarantee Of
the ritod States government TO heir pretended rights
over Mtfquiii1n Territory, they evicenty hope TO
t1tort la the name OF the cabinet of NMhiugton shat
loid ftlmeton Isremp'oriy refused to tae ministers
q Nicsrngua ~ IS clear hocersr hof ne strong qsa
sues and ctt,rmfnea ieHgDog, u he British eornneat
ocEu II no qvel .eton and mach bound - de-
ytrd It .ids end lie Sea Juan 0fg put 81 s Bffih
,nTire The interference ~ the Uni a State govern
d, MT 10 support a. what is ct most than the
private intsret Of tracing comIany II is less easy TO
EXP lain or to justify ard hardly supyo.e that
they intend 70 abet the state Of Nicaragua Ia coarse
Of the Nisareg1an canal IS We repeat common to all
rttions and IL would be absurd. ilibcrsl and mpou-
tic to tab advantage Of our ancient relation, with the
Noquito lnctns TO ffustreta such scheme But pre-
cis bschue u i great public object the little state
Of Nosrsgta has no ght TO claim sole possession OF
OF On inoepcrdr nehhcr II the canal Is 70 be made
itnay fairly he the subject 81 = treaty or equitable
convention between the different States through whose
territories IL may pass, and n terms " such atty
ought 70 be of the most LIBERAL Kind; but IL the excu
sve end unouuded pretens'ons Of the state Of Mica
ragua are taken by the United states instead Of an
aincshle combination for great pacific purpose, ne iUo
c0yntres Dositnfrcsssd ~ me he undriaktng
ney Je ssPosed 10 a ss' fous mtsvHdrsidndiHg.
fFrom the London News Oct 81
We rcPrst to sss that the President q the United
States Who has given many proofs OF moderate aud
pecifc spirit has found occasion In 80 short an Inter
val that which has elnrsed since bis intaltion TO
fall into bickeriry and pue not only with the d.
plomacy Of France, hat With that 81 England. Our
claim open the Mesquite coast and espec ally our ha
wing forebly dr,escssed the Ncaragusns In January
sst 81 TIE town at the Of the river ST. John, Is
the cause The Americans take part with Nicaragua
We uphold The rght q the Mofquitos 90 the rivers
mouth, CT rather cur riabt, In their rames And
Hence have arisen the mate Tias for vsryptety qUsr
rel We fbs lot at presen enter into aoy detail on
The quetion q distinct night 90 uphold the tDde
pttotncs q the Motquito thofe, or our supremacy
over t. and the e1tenson II both the settlement
which we call Grey TorD, and the Nicataguans 81
John Biitsh protection Of these Indians daes as far