The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1849-08-03

TAe Austro-nnssi.o and nuA g.r,an War
Hts Result, 60.
from the London Siasaard o. Freedom July III
Though the swor. at war is raised in air, and
actually, 60 TO say, descending in one of the most
memorable conflicts upon record the lapse of a
week leaves us nothing to remark, on the whole,
unfavorable to the Hungarian cause.
Events have now made II clear, that the plan Of
the Hungarian gene coils hos brsn to fall back, In
stead OF anywhere Sighting on their threshold, or
defending the strong natural mountain positions by
which Hungary is girt upon nearly three sides, like
wall, ard maintaining the formidable line Of de-
fence taken up by Gorgey. The strategy, obvious
~ systematic, on account OF its coincidence, was
unexpected, and, though In some respects unin-
feigible, IS not without advantages. In the
North 'Paskiewich has been allowed TO penetrate,
without any attempt at resistance certainly be-
yond Kaschau, as far Zorro, where his head
quarters were last fixed. In Transylvania the
Russians were allowed to advance upon Bstrz,
and to occupy Cronstadt, without notable resist
ance, unless from the local Seeker force. West
ward, Gorgey also withdrew his left wing from
the Raab, on which il was resting, to an interme-
diate position between the Raab and Danube,
formed by the Balaton-hIll forest and the Patten-
See; Tor Gorgey, II must be remembered, was not
beaten back. After his stack along the Aus.ro-
Russian line, he retired, covering in a mastery
manner his retreat, and abandoning the open town
Of Raab, IN which the lmperialists boast of having
picked up two old hoaey -cOmbed cannon.
Some encouragement may be dreaded from this
abandonment by the Hungarians of their first posi-
ment, without a combat, OF 200, 900 men, accuston-
ed hitherto to victory, cannot permanently be
mlsnterpreted, and assumes totally different as.
poet from retreat, after unsuccessful resistance at
the frontier 1t is impossible say how far these
tactics may have originated in the neglect of the
Aungarians to secure tie strong position of Duckla,
situated in Gallcia, which Kossuth personally was
strongly of opinion should have been occupied, but
which was respected from political motives, aud
TO avoid afiording to Russia pretext for inter-
feripg.
Amongst some apparent Inconvenience, the fol-
lowing advantages result, however, from this con-
centratIon The warllke Magyar race, numbering
about five millions out of thirteen, In Hungary,
most densely people those banks of the Thesis and
Danube, and the great Hungarian plain, comprised
within the more .crcum-cribed circle of actual
Hungarian operations. This territory, amongst
the most fertile in the world is laden with the gar
ncred produce OF two successive harvests. The in
vading armies have, therefore, to advance through
comparatively sterile districts, which the Magyars
lay bare they retire, obiglng the enemy bring
with him all his stores, AID weaken his strength
by detachments proportionate to the importance
and length OF their lines OF communication.
Furthermore, the contraction Of this circle will
practically enable the Hungarian leaders more east
Iy to direct an overwhelming force on any desired
point of its circumference On the other hand il
must be remembered that the Hungarians have, by
this strategy, In a great measure, abandoned the
protection to be derived from their great natural
demonstrating, like the unwaled Sparta, more
In the living ramparts OF their line of battle.
Beyond q certain point it obviously, however,
formed no part of the Hungarian tactics to retire.
and hence, in several directions, collisions have
already taken place with the advancing Imperial
lists, and may speedily be expected IN many more
In the two quarters from which we have notices
the most authentic, these collisions have resulted
In the decided repulse Of the Imperialists.
AT old and new Szoly the main Russian and
Austrian army, under Wohlgemuth and Paniutn,
10000 strong, and backed by 300 pieces of cannon
made desperate attempt to carry the bridge head
and separate Gorgey's left wing from his centre
thA IL. L,.s
after many hours fighting. the allied army was re-
pulsed along the whole line, and pursued to some
distance by the hussars. There is reason to be-
leve that the loss OF the Imperalists will turn out
to be excessive. SIX hundred wounded, by the add
mission OF the Vlennese, were brought into Vienna;
and, as the Daily Nttrs inquiries, was not this be-
cause the hospitals OF Presburg were already full
At O'Beecz, situated on the Thesis, beyond the
Baczer Canal (Which connects the Thesis and
Danube), Jelacbich has met with a defeat, which
has obliged him to retrogade to Sove, behind the
famous, though now ruined, lines Of st. Thomss
and where, according TO his own admission, he 10
forced to walt the result Of the advance Of the
northern armies.
In a previous bulletin Jellachich boosted Of hav-
ing advanced TO Theresianople. and the efffontery
to ask whether he should direct his march on De-
breczin or on Pesth The mcndaclty of this Chi
various hero is only TO be exceeded by his military
lncapacity, as displayed in tha attack In question
REMEMBERING his division OF 10, 900 infantry with
the prepostcrous number Of 80 pieces of cannon,
he advanced to capture the brldge-head Of O'Brece
from a Hungarian force avowedy of only oae-
third the number Of his own. Abandoning the
long and struggling village OF that name, he COM
menced what he describes as a triumphant march,
extolling the bravery Of his troops, kept on foot,
without time TO cook their food, for thirty hours.
Unfortunately, this march was to the rear; and he
omits TO explain TO us what became of the bafta-
hon lett behind nj O'Brecz, which he admits TO
have been enfladcd by the Hungarian brldge-hcad
batteries.
ON the north, Paskiewich prctends, with 10000
men, after hard lighting, TO have disodged 1000
Hungarans at Tokay. II thus be authentic, on this
point resistance has commenced; but where Is
Demblnski, with his 30 900 men The German
papers report that, on The advance Of Pdskiewlch,
he had retired into the mountains about the Gran
but this is highly improbable, regards the main
body, and we incline 10 think that he is the left
bank OF the Theirs. Certain intelligence has, on
the other hand, reached us, that BEN Cater leav-
ing what he considered a sufficient force in Tran
sylyania, TO protect the country against the minor
Russian Inroads), mad entered the Banat, where
there was no enemy with an Imposing force.
Here he has been quite lost sight Of We may
hence conjecture that BEN - directing his course
northwards, and that DembInski, or whoever has
superseded him, having fallen back in the reserves
AT Debreczln, Is waiting the junction of BEN, to
fall upon PaskiewIch. This would accord with
the cautious instructions gwen to their generals by
the Magyar statesmen, who seem full of confidence
in their eventual success, II no mistake be CON
mItted by theN military leaders.
Intelligence, received before we went TO press,
confirms conJectnres and a report has come to
nand OF the ucieat Oh one portion OF ldshlewlcns
army about kapolna, former battlefield.
fErom the London Globe, Govt Orgsn) July Is
since the middle OF the thirteenth century. when
Batu Chan OVERLOADED Hungary with his Mongol
hordes, no danger at all comparable to the present.
has threatened, not merely the Hungarian nation,
but the very existence OF civilization, in the coun
tiles which border the Danube. When the
hoides of Batu Chan Withdrew TO their congenial
deserts, the awful ravages ~ had COM
mtted were slowly, though surely, repaired, by the
energies Of a free, sslt-coverned, unsbackled ma
present crisis, should all thosc who represent the
wealth and Intellect Of the country be ex,ermi-
mated, or driven into exile, what vitality will be
left behlnd-whst power OF reproduction Ger
many. at the distance Of centaries still feels
the effects Of the thrIy years war; and yet, its
princes did what princes can do for itsmateria adj
vsncement. Hungary, a mere province of Aus
fria, would be vaueless to Austria itself The soil
Of Hungary would indeed remain; but every
a al a.. ,roI 10