davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1849-12-01


No. ~ An Act relating to Floating Lumber
II ~ hereby enacted by the General Assem-.
bly, of the State si Vermont, as follows.
Sec From and dilcr the hlccnth day
Of April next, IT any lumber, such as spars,
masts, square timber, logs, or sawed lumber 4,
which have been or may be- put INTO any stream
or river, in or adjoining this State, and that
may bc by the waters thereof carried or ludc
ed upon any lands adjoining the same, or
dams crossing such streams, IN this state, and
which may not be taken away by the owner or
owners thereof, on or before the fret day Of
May annually, the owEcr or owners of such
lands or dams may dctain in his their pos.
session all such masts, spars, logs, other
lumber, until the owner or owners thereof, his
or Their agent, pny the owner or own.
crs of the lands or dams cncumbcrcd, oil
damages sustained by IeaHnn-sf said lumber
lying upon his tIf Their lands or dams as alUre.
said; and IN case the owner or owners of such
enc umbc rance, or his or their agent attor.
ncy, and the owner or owners of lands and
dams SO ehcumbered, shall not agree upon the
damage sustained aa aforesaid, the sclectmen
of the town where such lands or dams are st.
uatcd, or major part of them, not being in
tcrcsted, shall Just the same; but If major
part Of sueh sclecInFn shalt be interested then
any three Justices of the peace in the county
where such lands or dams are situated, notln.
terestcd, or major part ofthrm, shall adjust
the said damages which adjudication shall be
final and conclusive between the parties
Sec. =. lfany such encumbrauce shall moi
be removed by tito owner or owners thereof
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1849-12-01
ArlIovcd, \ lvcmb.r d. ID

No. . - Resolution relating 10 riauA",a
Volunteers.
Resolved, by the Senate and House %, Rr7'
rc,cutativcs, That the Secretary Of S'a'c u
M rrhy- rrqulfsd - ascertain the names o' 40
the SURVIVORS Of those who volunteered ld'f
srtvicrs to fcpcl tho British in their inyas'o
of Pittsburgh, IN ISL, who have had nu ''a.'
prnsaton for said srtyiccs. and ulso 20 as'''.
tain the amount Of services so rendered, lh4
the amount Of moneys paid by them, and i''
port TO the Legislature at It's next session
RcsolScd, That the said volunteers l." tr'
qucstcd to furnish To said Secretary ol.sie'
previous To the FIRST day of September, i''''
the information contemplated IA the foregoing
resolution, ttsis..tttt.ss i--''--
evidence "a they may be able to obtain 40 We
premises.
Resolved, Tia, the Secretary Of state a'
required 10 publish these resolutions among
Tho nets 20 be dcsignatrd by hm for pno.el'
ton IN the newspapers.
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1849-12-01

~ ms oT ihfF agent ~ agents, 0u 90 t....
thr hfti DAY ~ November, auuu4II,. f...
owner o. owners 0l such lands NO d.u..
Gun bend, nay iske al such eursmt-,---
and convert The saiur 90 hIs-nf their ..s.-.,
Provided always, lbat when tbr pwr,r .r..
era Of Aby such ~plrs, mlsfs, hgs .-
lumber, shall have paid che di4sr.-
cosir, 10 aioresaid, lir owner or nu..r..
such lumber uhuii have irbrriy ~ Tt......
same FROM all such lands ~ dams. ai .,..
bctwrrn The sad first day or Aoysgb
the Gfsi day If hlay, thrn next
fsrr - ~ " sli-4l u. i41s a4Gty trl-
owners oflands 90 dams upon winch sG,....
niasts. logs ~ nihet lumhrL ~
lodged, 10 aiofefaid, 10 advertise Hr .,.
the most publiciplarr 40 the t1Wl rf.r...
faid fpaTs, mastH, logs pr luUhrfmI,
cd, Eiy,uR ~ SAID dvrrIisemral ID r-,
otrurh lnmbrL together with W. ....
Nurrs mark or marks, l there b. .r..
also cause the raid adyrrisrwrulloter. IN
cd va the town CLERKS office, 40 -aIG ...
the month ~ September, annually, urfH...
lumber shall nos become iorltilrd o. pr,.
rd by tbs act
SEC Tho pcron adyeHlsnru- ILL.,.
LrT, uf AFORESAID, shall Do ruiiurA a. uf....
lhiuy four cents for the copy otthr atI,ns.
mont lrli with the town olrfk, and .t..
per NILE tflyrl 60 advertiser and iIr I..
4
frcotdiug s1id copy, seven cruH O..
winch i,'rs shall be- paid by tllc ownr.
fuI-ffT 5IT 10 iIlIIr ffrF PIf tilH d4ti... t.--
owner fthriand ~ dams, ~ ben tli4 lu...leI.-
not hrcomc Griiitrdi bot islil lumu.r...
brcomr forfeited, uirn ihr rRp,u.r. uI ads.
tIs1uHrhHii hr b1 THr hYrhT parry advrTUs...
Sec . ltany persons tb % stop aus mH.,
spare, squur umbrT logs or sawed luu.r
aud cpuunr thcm iu any place iu this Sair..
aa tu prevent The Same from floating dras
auy uyrf ~ stream 10 othdJuulny Ws s4f.
Tint arc ot shall be- marked with auy Owner,
name ~ uatk, or destroy, make ore nj .f .r..
pose of thr same, or rui out ~ drrr. au,
mark az aforesaid, otherwise Than ru.. .,
come forfeit, az provided IN tins ar', r ,..f
forfeit and pay a. such owner orunr.rt ..r.
uuirs the value ot sad lumber, Go hr r..s.r.
ed 800 ANY court proper 90 o.. tur sls.. .r .r
iut,- rr, ip-l-,''. cot the r~tr- IRVING
tom of iur rpur
Sec q ~ act Go plrvrri tIu..-
may be- urcsuunrd hy iumuar, 90 uaHtf..
land lyiog 90 and adjoining Cuuucrrrpf f
o., approved October -, l-iu, ahd 900 a.,
acts iucunsrt,ut with thr provisions uI N,.
act, are hrrrby repealed
Approved, November 10, l-ll.
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1849-12-01

NJ % An Act 20 establish the doing. .fG.
Town ol Lowell
iUis hereby cnartcd by the Grucrrt Assem-.
bis cot the State of Vermont, as follow
Sec / The warning and wgc'ur o. ih'
lava. oc Lowell, hcldon the thuty frsl da, o.
March, l-i9, at Iiprdugs sash ilc'.p, afr
hrtcby established
Sec All elections and proceedings L'i
under said warning, at said meeting, 90. hr'..
by also established aud confirmed
Sec 3 This act shall take effect ...- - .
passage
Approved, November 10, l-il
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1849-12-01
LAWS or YER MONT.

conclude if"m moi p1Gr
SO ~ An N,t relating Go the recording cot
Deeds and other e,,druc,s or Talk to Rval
Eu1ir
ltis hereby enacted by the General Assem-.
bis ct the State ct Nrtmont, a. follows
Sec Whenever any deed or other con.
ycyanco. of land, or evidence OF title thereto,
nov 5y law required To Dc recorded IN the
town clcfk office, shall have been recorded,
the town clerk may make aud enter upon thc
sane a certificate Of such recording, certifying
that the same has been duly recorded IN hIs
sad office.
Sec, , Whenever any such decd or other
conveyance, ot other evidence Of title, shall
have been recorded ~ III" town CLERK office,
tie sawr, II the Frautrr 90 elects, t-ay a!sa Be-
reootd-a ~ ti.' county clrtk p office, N thr
county wherein thr iaHd ~ stvr-rcd, aud On
such case the county clerk shall record tbs
sad certificate OF the town clerk; aud copies
ct such records ~ the county clerks Office,
duly certified by the county clerk, shall be- dl
the same validity, ana may be used ior the
same purposes, MS dolly certified copies Of the
record Of town clerks.
Approved, November q, l-l9,
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1849-12-01

Exhibitions
Il ~ hereby enacted by The Cereal Nts,W-
bly of the Sisic Of Vermont, ns follows
An act entitled Fan net 90 amendment H'
chapter one hundred aud one of the Rrvs
Statutes, relating ~ cucus and other cibp.
TONS, approved November :, \ -. l'ir.'
hereby repealed
Approved, October -, lsio.
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1849-12-01

No ~ An Ac, Ia relation to Married so.
men
IT., hereby enacted by the General Assem-.
bly ct the State Of Vermont, as follows:
sec II shall be lawful Tor -ay married
woman, by hrrsrlf,Eud ~ horhamc, or IN the
name of any thtd person, with MS assent, a.
her trustee, to cause to-hc insured, for hcI sole
use, the life Of her husband fir any definite
period. or Tor the torrE-ai his natural life and
IN case Of h,t surviving her husband, the sum
or nett amount of the insurance, becoming du'
and payable by the terms of tht insurance
shalt be payable TO her, and for her own
use, FREQ from the claims OF the repro.
scniaiiycS Of her husband, or of any of h's
creditors. but aurh.cScmpuons shall not apply
when the amount of premium annually pald
shall exceed three hundred dollars.
Sec. 3 In case Of the death Of the wife, be.
fore the dccc1sc Of her husband. the amount
of the ,usuf,ucc may bc made payable, nfler
DEATH 10 her children, for their use, and to
Their GUARDIAN, II undrf age -
Sec 3 1t shalt be lawful for any unmar,
red woman, by herself and IN her own name,
or IN the name Of any ihitd person, as her trus-
tee, to cause To- hc insured, Tor her sole use,
the life of her father or brother, for any def
mite period or during his natural life; and IN
case of he surviving such pcraon, she shG!! be
entitled to receive the amount OF the nett IN
su-unce in the same manncr an case of mar
rle,l women,
Approved, November 10 l5i9
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1849-12-01

so ai--Ao Act to a.agss a .ray lor tho .s.
port ui Government
A. is hereby enacted los ihr G.nnrI 'u
ais ct the state oi Vermont 20, irliHN,
\ tax ct thirteen crulsuu B d.it.fIt .-..tt
90 on The lot OF thc'pplls aud rrH... OOH.
OF inhabitants ofthr State i.f lHr t..
,t,,usuttd rtrh, hundred aHf i7rry U-r7,
PAID iuil the Treasury by the fret tu ~
nest, ~ mpnry, certificates run'rs ..... b..
thr Iussur,t 81 thr Slalu. ur.rr- trIvU .g i..
.,'t,i-,f ~ A'--'i'tt. ''fri--rr drawn i'vt'-
Supreme OF County Courts, .uL 900 u.g ..s
drawn by County Cl,tas approved Dy C.ug
Aulttnrs.' Approved, November lat'l-il.
The freeman. (Fremont [Ohio]) 1849-1850, 1849-12-15
South Carolina,

Governor Seabrook. in his Message, applies him-
self first to the consideration of the Federal rea-
tons OF South Carolina with the other States Of the
Umon. he warmely recommends the Mississippi
scheme OF southern Convention, and suggest The
the expediency of empowering the Governor, by
statute eitherto convoke the Legislature, if not
in session, or to issue writs of election fer Con-
vention of the People, should the Wilmot Proviso,
or any kindred measure, receive the formal enact.
ment Of Congress He also recommends that the
circulation of incendiary papers; be declared an Of
fence punishable with severe penalties, md that
the existing laws be SO modified as etfectuaIy to
prevent emissaries in the State, BY personal efforts
or ncendiaries out of the state, from effecting
through the mail, the accomplishment Of their
shemes
After the adjournment ofthe last legislature the
Governor made tour of visitation TO the arsenals.
and attended as many of the regmental reviews as
bis civil engagements would permit. The result
was to convince him that the military condition of
the State is deplorably defective Not only the
ordinary means of defence but measurabiy all the
materials of war and military arGor were wanting.
He saysi
1T Is, perhaps, unnecessary TO assure Sou that
South Carolina must hereafter, exist as military
people. The history of our country, for the last
ten years, affords abundant proof that as long as
the Union endures there is to be no peace for the
slaVeholdeK An eternal warfare against his rights
OF person and property, under the associated in-
huence of the people and the States of the North.
and the central power, has been soemnly and deli
berately decreed. For this reason, it is essential
that the community, of which he is a member,
should be prepared, at any moment. for every emer.
gency"
He recommends measures to be taken for the re-
organization of the military; the appropriation Of
$4,000 to purchase arms and munitions of war,
&c
He proposes plan for winding up the Bank Of
the state-depriving it of its banking powers, but
continuing it as corporation until $780, Its ad-
mnistratlon be eommends, but condemns the pol
| icy in which the institution itself originated
The public debt of the State, payable at various
periods within the next twenty years. is $2,sI0..
1885,
The resources of the Bank, applicable to the
payment of this debt, amount to $3,8ss, ,366 so.
abilities of the State, of $685., ,843, 90, or over
two and half millions, if the sum of $l,o5I ,oo0
received from the Federal Government on deposit,
| be included.
The white population ofthe State of South Caro-
lima is 2so,386-a little more than half that of the
city of New York.
/ The three principal Railroads under contractand
the lesser ones on which operation may shortly be
expected to commence, with the Columbia and
/ Hamburg Road and its branches will exhibit when
completed, net work of railways, equal to an ex-
tended line of 95l miles, in territorial area Of
10000 square miles. Jour. Of Com
The freeman. (Fremont [Ohio]) 1849-1850, 1849-12-15
Conversation.

The Rev. Mr.. Giles is leeturing in New York np-
on variety of 'home and every day snbiects"---
A few evenings since he lecLured upon converse,
tion,' in which occurs the following passage--a
picture which will be readily recognized true To-
the life:
He said that large portion of conversation was
an interchange of words without thought There
were certain topics that seemed made for the pur-
pose 1t was observedby brilliant English writer
that all accidents were evidently dspensation of pro-
violence for the benefit of the newspaper; and as a
proof of this it might be noticed, that they occur.
red with much greater frequency during the recess
of Parliament Enlarging on this saying,we might
assert that certain important phenomena take piace
as subjects for conversation One of the most i'm.
portant of them is health. The fual cause of all
this one would suppose, was to serve as an OPEN
ing for conversation. We commence every inter-
view with an inquiry after each others health. No
one expects the enquiry to be answered. You
meet one rosy as rising sun; but you cannot be.
gin to talk with him unless you first ask about his
health You fall in with friend in the last stage
of consumption on a frosty October morning, and
you hope that he is very well. The object is to
have something TO say. If rheumatism colds and
dyspepsia were lost to the world how many would
be suddenly struck dumb, You might as well
seal the tongue at once as to take away the pet
complaint.
The weatheris another phenomena made to pro-
vide people with the subject Of talk OF what use
is the weather unless for persons to tell each other
what it is You inform your friend it is hot, while
you are both bathed ina river of perspiraton or
that it is cold while you stammer from the chatter
ing of your teeth, Politics and the dollar other
topics that answer the same end But as politics
may breed contention, men fall back the dollar,
OF 10000 nouns in the English language, the dol
lar is that which is most frequently heard. Like
the theme of symphony in music, it is never lost in
the storm of the orchestra. The dollar is noun
substantive, ubiquitous noun omnipoten;.
Conversation ought to be mental in music, in
which diversity Of thought in the unity of human
ity makes the harmony of the soul Amenity and
proprety are essential conditions. A march would
not go music in church. nor an anthem in a ball
room.
The freeman. (Fremont [Ohio]) 1849-1850, 1849-12-15
James Russell. the Astronomist.

This man has done more to advance the Science
of Astronomy, than has been accomplished in any
of the sciences, during the last half century! He
constructed two P20nitartdnoS that commanded the
admiration ofthe scientific world The first was
purchased and taken to Europe. The second was
burned in the destruction of the exhibition room,
in Providence, Rhode Island. At present the ad :
vantages of that great mans genius and learning
are lost to this country!
Will not the Senate and Representatives in Con
gress make an effort to have Congress make an
appropriation for the purpose of having Mr.. Russell
construct a new Plantarian, with the improve
ments which his former performances have sug-
gested. to be placed in the Smithsonian institute
Mr.. Russell is now advanced in life without hav-
ing met with that favor and encouragement, which
the magnitude of his achievements in science, and
the lasting influence which his genius has produced
upon the age in which he lives merited
His fame and genius belongs to Ohio. Her re-
representatives. will appreciate him.
70, Statesman
The freeman. (Fremont [Ohio]) 1849-1850, 1849-12-15
srien tihr.
From the Z ncinmati Gazette.
Velocity of Electrical Waves.
CINCINNATI OBSERVATORY, J
Nov. 29th, l849. {

Messrs. Editors lin my last communication on
this subject gave the results of experiments at the
Observatory on the evening of the 18th inst. BY
those experiments, | found that it required tUeni
tyrone h0usdndths of one second of time, for one
electrical or galvanic wave current to traverse
circuit of wire 6O7 miles in length.
That experiment alone could not however deter
mine any thing absolute with reference to contend
ing theories. The magnet placed at the end
of the circuit, and since it could not be compared
in its moment of response with other magnets along
the line, it was impossible to decide whether mag
nets are operated in their order of distance from the
battery. or whether they all respond at the same
moment of time wherever situated, this simutane-
Gus response occurring after the completion of alb
solute circulation, or at the moment the galvanic
wave from one pole of the battery reaches the 9TH
er pole of the battery.
Experiments were performed on the evening of
the 26th inst with every care) designed to aid in
determining the true theory of magnetic action as
produced by galvanic batteries. AS in the exper
imens of the 18th inst, the sideria clock pendulum
closed local circuit, which operated the magnet
driving the Stdndardpen. This pen remained un-
changed during the entire series of experiments
and recorded the alternate beats of the clock, by
striking minute round dot into metallic plate re-
volving on my disc, with uniform velocity.
A second pen, adjusted to the first in such man.
ner that the line joining the dots of these pens
would pass through the centre of the disc, f struck
with the disc at rest) gave the opportunity of per-
forming the experiment in the most simple and per-
feet manner. To avoid all possible source of error,
the main circuits Operating the receiving magnet
which closed the local circuit operating tis second
pen,) were made by the back and upward stroke
of tn" standard pen. By this arrangement in case
the local batteries of the two pens and their arma
times are equal, with equal short circuits the
pariable will follow the standard, by the same con-
slant interval, viz: the armatesre time Of the stand
ard pen. This constant once determined, any
change in the interval by which the variable pen
follows the standard pen, produced by the use of
circuits of different lengths, will be due the velocity
of the galvanc wave, all other things being equal
With this explanation I proceed to the expert
ments:
Experiment No. 1.-The battery in Pittsburgh
was placed on the wire circuit, which passing from
each pole of the battery terminated in the transit
room of the Observatory One Of these wires pas
sed to the back screw of the standard pen, the
other passed through the receiving magnet to the
metallic handle of the same pen. Thus at every
back stroke of the standard pen a complete metallic
The freeman. (Fremont [Ohio]) 1849-1850, 1849-12-15
THE f r EEMAN.
TERn ma.


Faymentih auvance' $IOU
Do s wthih the yearsa .s........ .s2 90
Do. afterthe expiration Of the year a, 81
Afailureto notify usof desire todsconnue, isundef
stood wishing eontnueth subscription, aud hepa
per will be accordingly but all orders discontinue,
when paid, win be faithfully attendedto
Law Of Newspapers.
l. Subscribers who do give express notice to the
contrary are wishing continue their sui
scfiptons. 3iss5
D If subscribers order escontnnanee Of theirpa-
pers pubiishernay continue to send them until all
arrearages are paid
t hscribers negector refuse to take theirpapers
from the office which they directed, they held
responsbetll theysete their aud order their papers
discontinued. sfsz. ts-s.-. n s..-.-.
4 Isabscrhers remove TO other places, without in
forng the Publisher, aud the paperis sent to the form
srFfirection, they heldresponsble
s. The courts have decided that refusing to take 1
newspaper periodicalfrem the Office, removing
leaving uncaed FOR, prima facie evidence of nten-
tional fraud.
How To sToP APAPER. First that you have paid
for it mp the time YOU wish stops notify the post
desire, aud ask hmto notify the publisher
under his frank, he lis authorzedto dol ofyou wish
o discontinue.
The freeman. (Fremont [Ohio]) 1849-1850, 1849-12-15
The California Constitution.

article in the California Constitution prohibiting
slavery was introduced by ex-Gov. Shannon, Of
Ohio This is mistake, as that gentleman was
not member of the Convention 1t was W. E.
Shannon, formerly of Bath, steuben county, who
introduced the article He went out as Captain in
Col Stevenson's regiment Capt. Shannon was a
whie, and his Introduction of the antslavery clause
in the California Convention is pretty good evil
dence that he adheres to his political faith.
[Rechester Dem.
The freeman. (Fremont [Ohio]) 1849-1850, 1849-12-15
The Power of Gold,
room.

Until recently no Jew wasallowed to live. or even
to sleep in the Protestant University town of Ell
rangen, in Germany. Now, however, if Jew be
worth 10000 forms. and will buy house in which
to dwell, Elrangen tolerates his presence. $3.50
Utica Gag.
Upon which the Buffalo Commercial Advertiser
Justly remaks: We have an instance nearer home.
A colered man without picayune, is not allowed
to vote in this state. But let him have $3.50, and
he is equal to white man in this respect, so that
there is just $3.50 difference between the two col
ors, or the right of suffrage s estimated to be worth
this sum. Therefore the 'power of god' restores
the equilibrium between the two races--or $3.50
are entitled to vote, while the man is not, provi-
ded his face is darker than the legal standard.
The freeman. (Fremont [Ohio]) 1849-1850, 1849-12-15
- Or try. @
For the freeman.
Who is the FriendG

r e &.
Is he friend that takes your hand
And smiles with gladstone face,
While fortune showers at your command
Her gifts for your embrace;
But when adversely is nigh,
Or dark ming prospects lower, rs-.
Withholds all tender sympathy
In that distressing hour?
Is he friend who does receive
All kindness at your hand,
And then, refusing to relieve
If you in need should stand,
Just looks, with thankIess heart, and eye
OF evil, not to stay,
But, Ike the Levite, passing by ~
The other side the way?
Is one friend, who. on distress, ,..
Great favors doth bestow.
While ever seeking TO oPpress,
He strikes fatal blow: -a=---
By SANDER, with fell design,
1nfliels deadly wound;
And charges crimes, by spite malgn, ......,.
While trrfng faults fouud2
Is he friend that. 6rst doth raise z- .-.,.. .
Affection in breast,
And talk Of future happy days.
And all that is possessed
By those, who, in true love, here spend
A life of union sweet
Then, recklessly, dscards that fiien d, .
Perhaps more TO meet?
/ answer NO: true friendship lasts ..
As long life endures:
And from its storms aud chilling blasts
The faithful heart secures,
Such friendship erst found below
Transplanted from the skies
An aniido,e for griei aud
The ''rGee Of Paradise"
The "Friend of Sinners" lett his throne
OF Majesty high,
Aud. Influenced by love alone,
For rebels came to dir.
Aud friends there are, who, though denied
A chanee Tor suit or plea,
Nay, when sIurned from oihers' side
Are TRUE As FRIENDS CAN BE.
In the breast # all mankind
Are passions strange aud wild;
But friendship tie strongest bind,
And make il calm and ml.
And friendship should unmlxed with fear,
Like that enjoyed above,
By his command be cherished here, g..
That taught US God is Love"
A misunderstanding of the name
Is the be ST gift of heaven:
''His wounds are faithful,'' with the same,
The healing balm is given.
To vindicate true friend's part,
never will eeliHe;
Nor check The beating OF heart, ..
Ia unison with mine. E, S.
fremont, Drceub r, I549.