The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1849-10-04

The Annual Fair OF the American Isstisuse.
Yesterday morning the 22d anniversary Of the great
Fair Of the American Institute opened at Castle Ger
den. having been postponed from Monday on sseouut
Of the storm The variety Of the articles entered il
only equaed by their merit, aud the triumph Of the
mechanical genius Of this country exhibited st
step Mott Of the articles received yesterday
Of the more substantial kind though Of them
possessed Of great beauty and finish To day the
exquisite and delicate fabrics will be exhibited aud
Will continue to be entered till the end OF the Fair
Agricultural implements, the instruments Of science
the tools Of the mechanic domestic utensils works OF
manufacture and art the beauties OF fruits and
no~srs oil found their appropriate pisce ami excited
the day and number Of the fair seq was very great
Even American ingenuity exhausted in showing OF
and praisng the sxcellencies Of the useful aud the
beauties If the orDameDts in fact every device
employed 10 induce purchasers to part with their dol
lars hut did not learn that these efforts very
successful Tbls day and TO morrow better business
may be done The nts Of the most order
y ard correct kind and reflect grrat credit upon the
managers la the evening at half past O'Clock, the
Hon Henry Meigs delivered the opening address He
tsid = One year ago from this place our smahle aud
nual fair lie complmented quiet city for its
goody houses hut added. that the country's good
demands an dhce In New Ysrk adapted to the proper
accommodation Of the American Institute. IL ought
to arite promptly proudly. in your city, Within a
few months afterwards tho good mans win is accom-
No 35l Broadway with rooms SIS feet long by rs feet
wide The lower floor let's for SO 600 per annum, for
five years The institute PAID, In cash 10000 or your
quarter dollars aud has to pay the balance
at per cent interest-the whole purchase money he
to ali me with its library reading room and repos
tory free ofexpepse II the institute should be dis
solved which Is about the end Of the repub
lie, each member will npd his share OF property about
double the amount OF all his payments to it' The
speaker then took review Of the history of this
try from the landing OF the pilgrims on Plymouth rock
to present time He touched upon the Of
Waship Rton--wbem the anciepts would have called
god bad he lived among them and Benjamin Frank
lin, mechanic, printer. the first of race,
(which had the lightning fash for 5000 years)
who proved that the electric fluid in the clouds was
identical with the petty sparks from cats back
silk stocking or him alone it could he said In the his
tory othe world he tore the thunder from the heavens
and the scepre from the yrsnt He then referred to
the invention Of Whitney by which could
BIZ picked from tho seeds In day than human be-
Ing could pick In many weeks; so that now there
rs much cotton cloth made here every year would
neatly give garment to the whole human race. Full
American first took the wind out Of the sails Of
the ships Of mankind, and made them go against wind
and tide leaving the sail vessels behind II they
at anchor. An American. following In tho wake of
Franklin has Invented plan by which intelligence Of
what IL passing thousand miles of. be oommuni-
Gated In few minutes. Junius Smith, another Ame-
rcan, first confidently asserted the practcability Of
steam navigation when almost every seaman had
decided agaiBst it; and he Is cuvating the tea
plant in America, successfully, that Americans will
have Of their growth tea than they can drink
The Russian emperor has employed American to
make one OF the most magnificent roads in the world
that from St Petersburg to Moscow He adverted
to the mechanical skl Of Americans, their omuibases
to ride in for for which Cleopatra would have
given provinoe; and carts and wagons for the most
common purposes that squalled by the tri
umphal cars Of the Roman oopquerers for beauty Of
ricaps have learn fortfy the nde pendence
they have They have been recently admonis shed
world that all republics but this are laid low-that
struggle perhaps for free system approaching The
way to be PREPARED for TIL. i. By having nothing under
! lend. Let Ms keep Washington and Franklin and the
other great spirits before constellation aod
let us work out our own resources Then adopt
the old Scotch motto iapsrs iaesssif. The
American syem by which the millions ell free aud
all love Law and order IL alone In tho world and In
worlds history They prefer to torcs aud tho
ballot to the bullet, like their ancisnt English
excluding ladies from the shrons The time NAV cons
whom We too may bsve lovely lady presiding over u:
who,s hand We may kiss That however. is postponed
ps Of liberty shall BE- nnishsd csrs Of isnrbtsr
After alluapg to the honor in which females uni
products Of American skin and labor collected at the
fair Agriculture alone produces In this country what
placer. Of California for 100 yssrs The little island Of
Great Britain In 1914 raised BY 1900 millions
Of dollar: Our grass worth 100 millions Of dollars
world He possessed In body 10000 Of land,
kert "a plonshs going at all times sowsd 600 bushels
more In corn S.risy potatoes sud sasa.; 500 .e i"S
down in grars; 100 Of turnip., lao horses l2
eows 23b working oxen, 500 sheep In ono fall he
killed 100 hogs weighing IS SEQ pounds for hi. use
exclusive Of provisions for the negroes After few
| ether observations he concluded amid loud cheers
At the conclusion Of tho address, brilliant fireworks
thrown up from the Battery and the visitors Of
the Fair continued to promenade till 10 o'clock.
CONVENTION OF rRurT GROWERS.
The genealogical Tor Fruit GrowersD Convention
met yesterday In OF the saloons OF the Garden and
deusssd the merits Of every description offrui The
delegates and two long ranges OF tables
loaded with fruit the choicest and the fairest
the world. The chairman was Marshall r. Wilder, Esq,
Of Dorchester There delegates RON the East the
Wet. and the South the number from Massachusetts
was very considerable The chief business add
to the list ri Last year those Kind the convention
might adopt and recommend for general cultivation.
sSae :. ias a,sasn' we're enr,on. enough especially
too species OF fruit considered by many to be ideu
teal For instance, enc gentlemen commended that the
only way TO distinguish one Kind Of apricot from
th.r kind that closely ressmblcd Il. was by q hole
IN Inc stone rp1n which, smother connoi,seur
kinds. Nothing bsfred by this the critic saii
the leaf Was much thicker In one Kind than tho
Other which might easily be felt though IL could
not be seen. Ibis hnotty question was reserved
for another day Upon tbs vapdervers apple there
was learned di.eu'iioD which resulted in its unan
mons adoption though many Of the delegates declared
they knew apple ~ that name that worthless.
Then another debate oiiossd about the Golden Russell
adopted upssimousiy, with the proviso that u
WORTHLESS. In noston Among the species OF apples
adopted were the white Seek no farther" the Red
Astrseban,n IN. Wine sapn and = IN. sssaru-or
rseiArnrs the folorng the rlssge, the early violet
the sos n'"n- Of hrrsot', iS. large early snd the
cruunb bob, iron morrsr Houshton seeding red cham
psigne yellow sulphur Pitaston gage and green
/ walnut. One gentleman warmly recomn ended sse.t
currsBt which, he said required lees than any
ether. ~ ess 90 very suset. while t~o gentlemen pro.
nouDcsd u az sour vinegar The con vsnton having
pass.d rste 81 thanks 80 the institute for the u
The room and made present Of the specimens ~ fruit
for the hov. adjourned 20 Circiura-t meeting to
be held such Day IN the end OF September or begin
ming Of October may be deemed most desirable By
tie elaiImss and tko Cincinnati fruiterers.