The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1849-05-28


Austria These the three great schemes which, If
understand their policy at ALL Lord Palmerston
his admirers would oppose to the triple danger Of Ger
anarchy, Russian aggran dizement, and French
cendancy Italy II these projects likely to be
realized and were as easy reorganze Europe as 1t
IL to write diplomatic notes, not prepared
to contend that such views might not conduce to
the advancement and freedom Of the nations princ-
paly concerned in them. But the authors Of such
schemes have mistaken the commencement of great
period of revolution for the termination None of
these plans be carried into execution without a
tremendous conflict; all of them totally opposed to
every existing right in Europe; some of them would
obviously fail to the proposed object They
would make fabua the whole political structure
Of the continent not Tor the purpose of raising another
substantial fabric but OF lighting protracted battle;
II the entire present generation he sacrificed to the
horrors of and the miseres for better
object than crafty its worst passions try its
extravagant theories and to consign society for time
to the last extremities of democratic government.
The EngiiAh View OF the French interview
tiOn ana the French Reverse In Rome.
From the London Times, May Ill
The situation of the French expedition to Rome. If
1t has ceased to be critical is not the less humatng
the martial character OF the French nation
position of the government by which this expedition
undertaken Is even moro critical than that of the
army A more rema rkable series of bunders and fail
ures both political and military. it has seldom been
duty to record and In the last moments of the
stence of the National Assembly, this unucky incl
dent has given degree OF and force to the
ire h mas wen nga
very unfavorabe influence the approaching cleo
ton. The root Of the mischief to be the extra
ordinary cquivocaton practised by the French
ment to conceal their real object in this expedition
They had the courage to undertake it, but not to
the reason for which they had undertaken it-nay,
when that suggested to them in the Of
a taunt they denied their policy aud disowned their
intentions They have suffered accordingly
The result of the conferences Of Gaeta, had been
resolution of the Catholic powers to restore the
rcgnity OF the Pope in Rome. Austria and the two
Sces were ready to take lead in this enterprise
Spain encouraged it, and the French republic which
still kept its ambassador at the Papal and had
frsad In ack Roman RI A
that this restoration of the head the
church should be effected without her active opera
ton-thc more SO, she hoped to secure the liberal
institutions granted by Pho Mono to his subjects from
Austrian reaction. Under these circumstances the
expedition started taking of the resolution
adopted by the Assembly month age which authors
ed the French government to occupy some point in
ltalyfor very different purpose 1t the less be
doubted that virtual concert had been arranged be-
tween France, Austria and Naples, inasmuch as the
Imperial and Neapoiitan forces have simultaneously
entered Tuscany and the Papal States whilst General
Oudinot was marching from Civita Veccha upon Rome
But far from stating acknowledging this to be
the the French government continued assume
the credit Of demonstration against Austria for what
in reality demonstration approved by Austria for
the restoration Of the Pope Be the policy govern.
ment bad good just unjust Is SO dangerous
and absurd that which the minister who has adopted
The instructions to General Oudnot bear evident
marks of this false and equvocal position Instead of
announcing that the French troops landed in Italy
the request of the Pontif whom the French republic
still recognized the lawful sovereign of Rome thew
sought to evade this engagement by language equally
party, if the defence of their own influence was
sufficient justification of the invasion of foreign ter
ritory With these instructions General Oudnot
landed and Immediately possessed himself of Ciyita
Necchia completely as If 1t had been French sous
prefecture Had the restoration Of the Pope been his
sole and real object 1t would have been at least deco
rous 20 have occupied this place in the name of Plus
TX, and If the Papai standard had been raised II is
possible that some portion Of the population might
have rallied round it, the Neapoitan army at Fer.
racina actually received with of y Tfra Pho
Mono" No precaution Of this kind was taken and
with very imperfect nowedge of the state of Rome
thc division moved towards the city. 1t consisted of
between 5000 and 600 men, with "a guns and no ca
cavalry, though General Oudnot himself has only
served elsewhere as a cavalry officer The Roman
provisional government upon the receipt of this intel
Igence, very naturally sent to inquire what was the
motive and the object of the presence of the French
army in the Roman territory Here again. the Gene
raj was compelled by his position by his iustruc-
tons, to cquvocate instead of saying boldly that his
business to restore the Pope put down state
of things which France and Catholic Europe refused
recognize, he pretended that he lmc to protect
Rome against the Austrians, and to reprcss anarchy
republic lie had business to do either one or the
other This language intended to suit the temper
Of the National Assembly at Paris but it could neither
encourage the ropes friends subdue his enemies
in Rome Mazzini was perfectly of the position
in which he stood and he acted accordingly when the
French troops advanced to the gates of the city
1t has excited great establishment that well-ap-
pointed corps Of rench troops wholly unac1uan
ed with street warfare and barricades sboud have
been foed with considerable loss in their attempts to
enter open city like Rome, with better defeuces
than the emergency had supplied and stronger gar
rson than the partizans Of Maz2in and the
remnant Of the Roman people. No one, certainly an
ticipatcd that this modern invasion would find an Iio
ratius Coolies the bridge. But this
Of piece with all know Of the dominant faction in
Rome As Florence held, till the other day in the
harshest durance by party OF LivOruese (achai so
Rome il occupied and ruled by nest OF adyenturer,
from every part not only Of Italy, but ofEurope The
heads OF the Roman government, and Of the popular
bands in this revolution, all foreigners The fail.
ure Of the revolutionary party in Sicily and Genoa
has driven the soldiers Of anarchy to Rome and Leg
horn as their last retreat The French red republi-
cans Themselves have sent Uncomfortable rein
forcements to NJ Mazznis 'Rome of the People, aud
II is, by no means, Improbable that the same hands
which barricadod the Porta del Popos had served an
apprenticeship in Paris the barrcadcs of February
and of June The leading spirit Of the insurgents in
the latter contest is known to have arrived in Rome
time ago and 1t has been in the Nation
nj sscmbly by the extreme party that these French
propagandsts will be the cunt the barricade
of Rene against the French troops Hence no effort,
have been spared to debaucb the French regiments
now in italy, by the influence of their language
and their couptrymen in presence of the en-
envy; and the uncertain spirit of the army both
abroad and at home, Is formidable addition to the
reiils of the government, and Of society in France
The revolutionary party in that country looks
to the anarchy OF Europe for the restoration of its
power
Reinforcements have, of course been despatched |
from Toulon to the coast Of Italy but we should he en-
rious to learn what instructions have accompanied |
these achievements in consequence of the last bose
and imperative Votes OF she Assembly 10 proclaim the
Pope and depose the Roman triumvirate Is onenIv 4.
defy the voice of the National Asser,,v nd sxoo",h
ministry to impeachment If tho next Assemhtv ~. a.
as aus predecessor to acknowledge the Ro.
man republic ~ 10 sanction the deposition of the Pone
ana 10 break fath with Austria and Naples whose
FORCES are probably before this at Rome i'm numbers
greatly superior TO the French army alrs.dv th
Inc FORMER alternative Is to France violent contest
Mt home, In which the extreme party have ALREADY
gained az advantage tho onset the other aItcr
native Is to plunge into foreign war with Austria
Naples and Tuscany and to abet the very cause which
Twas the object Of this expedition to put down The
French find themselves In Italy the enemies of Austria
by their prudces and traditions the enemies of the
Italian republicans by their present policy and their
fears they cannot adopt either the revolution or tho
counterrevolution as their cause and they learn
late that the prudent would have been
either to have started upon clear and definite
principle which they could to their own country
men and TO Europe. or to have Sustained altogether
rom this Intervention To withdraw from the country
h. however moro difficult and shall probably see q |
very considerable French army assembled long /
within the Papal domini0ns without distinctly knowing
what object IN liz intended o