davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-07-02

We have the best reason for believing that so
far from Mr. Buchansn's admitting that the course
Of the Cabinet, IN the name Of General Taylor was
right in the affair OF the steamer United States, his
opinion uas The pcp reperN Let the Republic call
upon Mr. Buchanan for his opinion, il il dsrcs risk
the answer, and see If we are not correct in our
statement Union.
The notions Of the sole organ, with re-
gard to the conduct Of public press, are
very primitive. They are well enough
suited to politics in the patriarchal State,
which prevailed in VIRGINIA whilst the
senior editor hourished in the Richmond
Enquirer, but they will not answer in
Washington in 1849.
The Union does entertain the funniest
ideasl II seems to think we have nothing
to do but catechise our public men. II is
all the time calling on us to call on some
body or other, and put questions TO him.
In the above paragraph he asks US to call
on Mr.. BUCHANAN, and request his opin-
ion on the subject of the war steamer
United States. Every day or two il calls
on us to call on General TAYLOR, and as
certain whether or not he proposes to veto
the Wilmot Proviso.
II is obvious enough to the humbleSt ca
pacity that no gentleman outside Of Bedlam
could think of undertaking these enter
prises. We should be compelled TO have
blank circulars printed Of the following pur-
port:
WAsHSoTos, -, l6--.
The editors Of the Republic present their compIi-
ments To ---, and would be pleased 10 know his
opinion on the subject o.. They are advised
I by the Union that the country demands to know.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-07-02
Countries

8. On all letters conveyed by closed mails between
the United Kingdom and the British North Ameri-
Provinces, (the same being transported by Bri-
tish steamers) the British is 20 account and pay
the United States post Office at the rate Of l2l cents
for each ounce, nett weight, and cents for each
newspaper.
7. On newspapers transmitted between the Unit
ed Kingdom and the United States there IL a sepa-
rate postage Of two cents per newspaper Tor stamp
duty in lieu Of postage,) which IL 10 be paid sepa
rately In each country
:. But newspapers may be sent IN transit through
the United States, and also through Great Britain,
10 or from foreign countries, &C. AT transit charge
Of cents per Newspaper, 10 be paid by the post Of
fee Of one country % that Of the other. The post
age 10 be paid by the party sending newspaper 20
or receiving IL from a foreign country through
Great Britain is 4 cents each.
9. Periodicalworks and pamphlets are not entitled
by The treaty TO trsnst conveyance but they may be
sent from the United Kingdom 10 the United States,
and rice verso at cents Of United States postage
each, II they do not exceed two ounces in weight,
and at cent per fraction Of ounce, when
they exceed that weight 10 be collected in all cases
in the United States and the same will be subject
10 an additional like charge in the United Kingdom
when not exceeding two ounces but the third
ounce raises the British charge 10 pence, with
additional charge Of pence for each additional
ounce.
TO- All British and foreign letters, and all foreign
newspapers remaining on hand refused or not called
for, 10 be returned by the postmssters ss dead
letters and newspapers 20 the General Post Office,
under address 10 the Third Assistant Postmaster
General separately from all other letters, and ne
frequently regulations require. This is ncces.
sary 10 enable the United States post Office 10 re
claim the amount with which IL stands debited upon
each letter and newspaper
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-07-02
TIL E r E ? U B L | G..
w ASH N GTON:
MONDAY MORNING, JULY 9, ls49.
POPULARITY.


One of our Locofoco contemporaries re-
proaches us with the design of abandoning
all unpopular Wing measures and doctrines,
and shaping our policy so as to make it ac
ceptable to the largest number of voters.
What is thrown out as reproach, we re-
ceive as compliment. This is precisely
our object. The Government of the United
States is government of opinion. An
Administration can sustain itself only by
receiving majority of votes. 1t can re-
ceive majority Of votes only by making
itself acceptable to majority of the peo-
pie. Our system rests upon the idea that
what is acceptable to majority of the peo-
pie, within the constitution, ought to be
the law of the land. If the majority is not
competent to determine what ought to be
the law of the land, within such restric-
tons, the idea of self-government is an
absurdity.
w Z UClCNC tldl LII tflC HAIL tUc uOC-
trines of the WING party are acceptable to
the American people. We believe that
the American people are in favor of peace
and neutrality. We believe they are in
favor Of "good roads, good harbors, and
good laws" and of going ahead" under
an administration that shall secure us these
advantages. We believe that they are in
favor Of national policy, and opposed to
sectional parties and issues. We believe
that they think "change of men and
measures" quite as indispensable to the
national prosperity, as the "reunion" of
the Locofocos and Abolitionists on the
Buffalo platform-which is now the lead
ing object Of the Opposition in CoNNEc-
TIcUT, WISCONSIN, VERMONT, and more
especially in New York. We believe
that as general rule they have adopted
the JEFFERsoNIAN doctrine, that an active
participation in elections by ofice-holders
is calculated to disturb the free expression
of the popular will as against the Admins
tration, and that such interference is al
ways a proper ground of removal. We
believe that the patronage of the Federal
Government ought not to be brought in
conflict with the freedom of elections and
that the Veto Power ought not to be used
as an ordinary power of the Executive to
thwart the will of the people constitution
ally expressed.
All these notions we believe to be pop
ular, and acceptable to large majority of
the voters. We adopt and advocate them
on that ground-and because they agree
with our own views of administration If
the Opposition can persuade us, by fair
reasoning and argument, that they are not
popular and acceptable, we shall certainly
be led to distrust our own judgment-be-
cause il is our belief that a majority Of the
people are competent TO decide upon all
such questions-and because, think about
them as we may, the will of the people,
developed through the organs recognised
by the constitution, must ultimately prevail.
We should be pleased to learn on what
other basis than this a man can lay claim
to the title Of believer in Republicanism,
or a friend Of the Constitution of the United
States.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-07-02
OFFICIAL.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
vIy.l. -. oo.l

Washington, June 30th, l849.
Decree of the Oriental Government, dated April 6,
l649, received from Robert M. Hamilton, ESQ.,,
U. s. consul, Montsvideo abrogating the decree Of
the 4lh May, 1885, by which, in addition to the
duty Of IS pr. Ct. on the market valuation, i'm
post was placed Of SIS dollars per barrel on -four,
to take effect from its date.
DECREE.
The Government being DESTROYS Of reducing the
mpost of fifteen dollars per barrel on -four, which
powerful reasons compelled it to establish, has
found the means, by making other articles (Which,
from their nature, better calculated than -four
bear the imposD contribute to raise the amount
then considered Indispensable, consequently de-
crees
Art. LIST From the first day of the forthcoming
May all merchandise, despatched in this custom
house for consumption, with the exception of
wheat, -four, and grain,) shall pay municipal
duty Of pr ct. at the same time, and in the same
Office, when the ordinary duties paid.
Art. I'd. Every barrel of -four its equivalent, in
any other package than those despatched through
the custom-house, shall pay the day after the pro-
mitigation Of this decree toenty rois, in the manner
and place designated in the anterior article
Art Sd. Each fanega Of wheat of all classes shall
pay ten riais.
Art. 4th. The -four and wheat despatched by the
customhouse but still under the inspection Of the
special commission Of this article subject to the inn
post Of fifteen dollars, shall pay, in order to free it.
SELF hoenty riaLs per BARREL and ten rails per fanega
of wheat, in all the present month
Art. 5th. This payment be made with notes
at sixty days. sight, with two endorsers to the salts
faction of the special commission of this article.
Art. 9th. This impost shall last no longer than
necessary to pay the debt incurred on the article Of
four the liquidation of which shall take place i'm
mediately.
Art. 7th. The Directory of the Purchasing So
ciety of the Revenue, of the custom-house, is
charged with the execution of this decree, in that
part which refers to its collection.
Art. 9th. Let it be made known, published, and
inserted in the national register, and communicated
to the honorable assembly of notabes
(Sgned) SUAREZ, Prssdi
F" BRUNO MAS, MIN. Ne.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-07-02

in the extreme, but one minute. The attitudes
given by the sun and moon differ from each other
but one mile.
The longitude was determined by three chro-
nomelers from Messrs. William Bond & Son,
which were taken on board on Monday and re-
turned on Thursday, and were proved by the final
comparisons Of Thursday TO have run correctly.
twenty-five observations, taken on the fifth and
sixth, were used TO ascertain this element; the
mean of those of the fifth differing from that Of those
of the sixth by only second of time. Several
sets, not employed in obtaining the reported result
were also taken for confirmation. Not being abso-
lutely required, they were worked out with less
care.
The latitude of the rock, by the me-
ridan observation Of the SUM- is 42o Sc N.
The longitude, the mean of both days,
The latitude and longitude Of this rock, recently
given by the best authorities, are 42o A., and $50
o. the former differing twelve miles, and the
latter twelve miles, from the Coast Survey determi.
nation. Formerly, the latitude and longitude Of
this spot were laid down as 43o on and $50 IL
the former eight, and the latter twenty, miles in
error. These errors, particularly in latitude, give
additional value to our determination and render
its early announcement important to navigators.
The least water on this rock is twenty.six (26)
feet; less depth has been reported by the fisher
men, but they sound with their fishing lines, not
accurately marked, and having on them lead of
three and a half pounds only; not heavy enough
to press down, or pass through the thick kelp that
covers the rock. The extent of rock having ten or
less fathoms on it, is about half mile in a N. w.
by w. and s. E. by E. direction, and very mar
row. It is surrounded by deep water, at short
distance, particularly on the south and east Sides
where the depth increases suddenly to sixty
fathoms.
1t is my wish that this should be called Ammen's
Rock, in compliment to The officer by whose exer-
tons last summer the means were afforded of dis
covering and correctly determining,its position at
this time.
Yours, truly,
(Sgned) CHARLES HENRY DAVIS.
A. D. BAcHE, L. d.,
Superintendent United States
Coast Surrey Washington.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-07-02
s. X. HOBBIE,
III. BOURNE.
j. COLLAMER.
Approved :
GENERAL PosT OrFIcE, LONDON,
Nav 81 IS4q

GENERAL PosT OFFIcE, LONDON,
May 81, lS49.
Having examined and considered the twenty four
additional articles for carrying into execution the
postal convention between the United States Of
America and the United Kingdom Of Great Britain
and Ireland, which were agreed upon and signed
ON the l4th May instant by Selah r. Hobbie, esq 4,
behalf Of the Post Office Department Of the
United States, and Henry Bourne, esq, ON behalf
Of this Department, the same are by me hereby
ratified.
In witness whereof, have caused my seal Of Of
r, =, fee 20 be hereto affixed, this day and year
lNI first above written.
CLANRICARDE,
Posfuinsfer General
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-07-02

Mechlenburg Schwerin is, ST. Kits, st. Lucia,
Mechlenburg Strelitz st. Vincent, Tobago,
Moldaua Tortola, Trinidad.
This leaves, in those cases, the British and for
egn postage to be collected the other end of the
route. But British inland postageis to be charged
in such cases.
(Mem.--The foregoing provision does not super
sede the pre-existing arrangements Tor sending cor
respondence the German States and the countries
east and south of them by the American line to
Bremen, by which the entire postage to destination
on the German correspondence may be prepaid or
left unpaid, at the option of the sender.]
4. On all correspondence between the United
States Oregon and California excePted) and the
following named countries through the United
Kingdom, and by the routes here specified, there
must be prepaid when sent, and collected when re-
ceived the following rates, (of which the United
but five cents the single letter, unless United States
packet conveys it to from England, and then for
all but twenty one cents:
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-07-02

A suspension bridge is now in progress Of cree
ton over the Ohio river at Wheeling, one thousand
feet in length, terminating on the west at island
which IL about to be laid out into building lots
When finished, this bridge will be OF the largest
structures Of its kind in the world II is TO be ele-
waited about eighty feet above the water. so as to
enable the largest steamboats, TO pass below, and
sustained on both sides Of the by substantial
stone towers. II is built by joint-ssck company,
and is designed to accommodate the immense travel
continually passing over the national roed.--.N Y.
Commercial.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-07-02

Il is said that Mr.. Henry A. Wise has written
letter General Foote in reply to the recent episIe
Of the latter gentleman, in which he declares that
he has entirely renowned politics, and win take no
part in the subjects to which General Fooie has
directed his attention. II this be So it is another
brick" in General Foote'S hat Maybe he will
pitch into Mr. Wise--.9iersndrio Gazette.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-07-02
TABLES AND INSTRUCTIONS.

The tables 10 the foregoing, prepared by the COM
missioners and fully approved, exact and au-
thentic erpositons Of the treaty adapted 70 prac
teal operations by the additional articles; but the
most valuable Of them for general information IL is
impossible 10 compress into a newspaper publica-
ton. A. they will be furnished 10 the postmasters
and officers for whose they arc prepared In the
shape Of printed blanks their chief contents are en-
bodied into the following statements, and appended
here in lieu Of the tables themselves because in this
form they can be more generally published, and
VIII b. more easily understood by the public:
!. Between any Office in the United States (Ore-
gon and California erceptcd) and any Office in
Great Britain and ireland, the entire postage Is "a
cents the single letter, which may be prepaid or
sent unpaid OF this amount the British post-ofce,
when il conveys the letter by its own packet and
collects the postage accounts 70 the United States
for FIVE cents; when il collects the postage without
conveying the letter. IL accounts for 81 cents. The
United Ststes post-ofce accounts 10 the British for
cents the letter when IL carries and collects, and
for 10 cents when il collects only. Payment by the
party Of any thing les than the entire postage goes
Tor nothing The Offices Of exchange viii treat such
letters wholly unpaid.
2. Between the Office Of California and Oregon
and those Of Great Britain and Ireland the entire
postage is SO cents the single letter which may be
prepaid OF sent unpaid, and Of which the British
share u 3. OF ~ cents, depending on the circum.
| stance whether conveyed by the United States OF
British packet, and the United States share IL So
or 40 cents, depending on the same circumstance.
| 3. On all correspondence between the United
States and the following named countries, the Uni
ted States postage, and that only must be collected
In the United States by prepayment when sent, anc
delivery when received, at the rate Of cents th
single letter when conveyed by British packet FUN
less from 10 Oregon California, then 40 cents
| and II cent? the single letter when conveyed b,
United States packet, unless aforesaid from or
Oregon or California, then So cents, 10 wit
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-07-02
OFFICIAL.
settlement Of Details under the Postal
Treaty with Great Britain.

Whereas the Postal Convention between her Bri-
fannie Majesty and the United States of America,
signed at London on the 18th of December last
and confirmed by exchange of Publications on the
Goth January, required that all measures of detail
arising out of its stipuations should be settled and
agreed upon by the Post Office Departments of the
two nations, in the form of additional articles; and
such additional articles duly prepared and signed
by the two officers of the respective Departments
aforesaid, commissioned for that purpose, having
been approved by me on the l4th May last have
received the further approval of the Postmas-
ter General of the United Kingdoms; the publica-
ton of the same is hereby directed TO be made, as
information to those whom it may concern, and as
Instructions to all Postmasters
]. COLLAMER,
Postmaster General
Posi- OFFICE DEPARTMENT.,
Washington, june 10, l849.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-07-02
DEPARTMENT OF STATE,

Washington, June 30th, l849.
Information has been received, from the u. S.
consul at Laguna, Island of Carmen, that order
has been issued by the Government of Mexico to
the State of Yucatan, ordering the 8pr. ct export
duty on logwood to be taken off, and devoution
to be made Of all charged since the month of Au-
gust last and also that notice has been given that
the port of Laguna will be closed for imports on
the LIST of August next
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-07-02
CoAsr SURVEY STATION,
Man ANNAroLls, Mp., JUNK -, Is49


Sra: I have the qualification to transmit to you
report from Lieutenant Commanding Charles II.
Davis, U. S. N, Assistant in the Coast Survey,
giving the particulars of his recent determination
of the position of Casbe's ledge, off the coast Of
New England
This ledge, termed dangerous" in the "Ameri-
can Coast Pilot was sought for last season 10y
Passed Midshpman Ammen, under the immediate
direction Of Lieutenant Commanding Davis, but
his efforts were not crowned with success. They
paved the way, however for the present successful
determination by Lieutenant Commanding Davis
in the steamer BIbb My attention was called spe-
cially to this subject last year by the Hon. Daniel
p. King of Mass, and the steps which were taken
in consequence are detailed in my report to the De
partment in November last. They were followed
up in the instructions Of the present season, and
the ability Of Lieut. Commanding Davis has
brought them to a successful issue. The difficult
ties incident to finding this ledge, uncertain in posi-
ton, nearly miles in latitude and in longitude,
Of small extent, and distant from the coast
than seventy-fve miles, are easily understood.
They may be well appreciated by the fact, stated
by Mr.. Blunt in the American Coast Pilot, that il
has been searched for recently by Capt Owen, r.
N, IN the surveying vessel under his command,
three times without success, and by the result Of
one attempt, made last year by Mr. Ammen,
compenied by two experienced fishermen from
Rockport, as pilots.
The determination by Lieut.. Com. Davis places
Ammen's rock Of Csshc's ledge in latitude 40 So
~, Longitude $50 sly w As this differs nearly
10 minutes in latitude, and ~ in longitude, from
the last previous determination, and is Of great i'm
portance to navigation, would respectfully ask
authority to give publicity to this Official report
Very respectfully, yours,
(Signed) A. ID. BACHE,
Sup. u. s. Coast Survey
Hon. w. NJ. MEREDITH,
Secretary Of the Treasury.
UNITED STATES STEAMER Bins,
BosroS, June 8, ls49
DssR STA ! have the pleasure TO inform you
that, on Monday, the 4rh inst, sailed from Bos-
ton execute that part Of my instructions relating
to the rock al Cashe's ledge, and that have found
it, and determined It's position satisfactorily.
The Bib remained at anchor on the rock from
FIVE O'Clock on Tuesday 10 five O'Clock on Wednes-
day afternoon, during which time the boats were
employed in repeated examinations Of the surface
Of the rock The sea was smooth, the wind west,
the weather perfectly clear, and the southern and
western horizons well defined.
The latitude wss determined
First, by the meridian altitude Of the moon, with
three observers whose readings differed from each
other less than half minute. The meridian pas
sage occurred sttwelve minutes past midnight; the
declinston of the moon was l7,o south, which,
the night being remarkably cIoodless, secured a
distinct horizon
Second, by meridian observation Of the sun,
with four sextants, the readings Of which differed
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-07-02


NoayoIx AND BosroS--In 1906 Mr.. jefferson
prophesied that Norfolk would speedily outstrp
New York, Boston, Philadelphia, and Baltimore.
The traveller Mellish gives the following account OF
a conversation which he had with the President on
this subject;
cit appeared to him that Norfolk would proba-
bly, in the process Of time, be the greatest seaport
in the United States, New Orleans perhaps except
ed. He pointed out the circumstance OF the vas,
confluence Of waters that constituted the outlet of
the-Chesapcake Bay, on which Norfolk is situated,
and remarked that these rivers yet but par
tally settled but they were rapidly settling up,
and when the population full, the quantity Of
surplus produce would be immense, and Norfolk
would probably become the greatest depot in the
United States, except New Orleans"
Since the above prediction was uttered, Boston
has increased four-old in population, and ten-fold
or twcnty-fold in wealth, while Norfolk has re-
manned stationary, II, indeed, she has not gone
considerably backward. And yet, to Judge from
the map, the commercial capabilities Of Norfolk are
hundred times greater than those Of Boston. The
former stands at the outlet Of noble estuary into
which magnificent rivers pour the wealth Of an
almost boundless extent Of fertile territory. Bos
ton, on the contrary, stands on a rock-bounded
coast, without any water communication for FIVE
miles into the interior; the staple productions Of
her neghborbood granite and ice Mr.. Jeffer-
son knew all these facis, and his judgment on the
face Of things was most logically plausible, that
Norfolk must become every thing, and Boston little
or nothing. Hartford Christian Seerstny.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-07-02

Information has been received, from the consul
late of the U. States at La Guayra, Venezuela, that
the Congress at Caracas had decreed, on the Cd
May last, that all goods or merchandise, now pay
ing impor duties in conformity with the tariff of
1S4l, shall pay an additional duty Of 10 per CT ad
valorem, to go in force on importations from the
Islands the LIST of June, and from the United
States and Europe on the LIST July next.