Des Moines courier. ([Ottumwa] Iowa) 1848-1854, 1849-12-28

to the entire independence Of the Is
Ia nds
The receipts into the Treasury for
the fiscal year ending on the 3Oth of
June last were, in cash S4s, 800 ,097, and
| in Treasury notes funded SlO.S33, 900,
making an aggregate Of SIS, 663,97;
and the expenditures, for the same time,
were, in cash $46,79S, 1867, and in Treas
ury notes funded $lO,S33, 900, making
an aggregate of $57 1871, 667.
The accounts and estimates which will
be submitted to Congress in the report of
the Secretary of the Treasury, show
that there will be probdbly deficit occa-
stoned by the expenses of the Nc xican
war and Treaty, on the first day of Ju-
ly next of $5,S2s, l2l; and on the first
of July 1851 OF $lO,547,O92; making
in the whole probable deficit to be pro-
videJ for of $l6,375,2l4. The extra
ordinary expenses of the war with Mex.
leo, and the purchase of California and
New Mexico exceed in amount this def
cit together with the loans heretofore
made for hose objects | therefore recon-
mend that authority be given to borrow
whatever sum may be necessary TO COW
err that deficit | recommend the obser-
vance of the strictesI economy in the APP
preparation and expenditure of the pub.
lie monies.
recommend revision Of the exist
ing Tariff, and its adjustment on basis
which may augment the revenue. l do
not doubt the right or duty ofaCongress
10 encourage domestic industry, which is
the great source of national as well as
individual wealth and prosperity. look
to the wisdom and patriotism of Con-
gress for the adoption OF system which
may place home labor at last on sure
and permanent footing, and, by due en-
enlargement Of manufactures, give a
new and increased stimulus TO agriculture,
and promote the Development of our vast
resources, and the extension of our COM
m cree. Believing that to the attainment
OF these ends,as well as the necessary aug
mentation of the revenue, and the pre-
ven,ion OF frauds, system Of specific
duties is best adapted strongly rec
ommend that system, fixing the duties at
rates high enough to afford substantial
and efficient encouragement to our indus
try, a nd at the same time so adjusted as
to insure stability.
The question of the constitution of the
Sub-Treasury system is respectfully
submitted to the wisdom of Congress-
If continued, important notifications of
it appear indispensable. For further de-
tails and views of the above and other
matters connected with commerce, the
finances and revenue, refer to the re-
port of the Secretary of the Treasury. !.
No direct aid has been given by the
general government to the Improvements
of agriculture except by the expenditure
of small sums for the collection and pub
LEGATION of agricultural statistics, and for
some chemical analyses which have thus
far been paid out Of the patent funds, an
aid in my opinion, wholly inadequate to
give this leading branch of industry the
encouragement which il merits; res
pectfuIly recommend the establishment
of all agricultural bureau, to be connec-
ted with the department of the Interior.
TO elevate the social condition of the
agriculturist, to increase his prosperity,
and to extend his means of usefulness to
his country by multiplying his sources
of information, should be the study of
every statesman, and primary object with
every legislator. -.... ....... W.,
No civil government having been pro-
vided by Congress for California, the
people of that Territory, impelled by the
necessity of their political condition, re-
Gently met in convention for the purpose
of framing constitution and State Gov
eminent, which the latest advices give
me reason to suppose has been accom-
plished; and it is believed they will short
ly apply for the admission of California
into the Union, as sovereign State
Should such be the case, and should
their constitution oe conformable to the
acquisitions oil the Constitution of the
United States, recommend their appli-
cation to the favorable consideration of
Congress. s
The people of New Mexico will also,
it is believed, at no very distant period,
present themselves for admission into
the Union. Preparatory to the admis-
sion of California and New Mexico. the
people of each will have instituted for
themselves Republican form of Gov
ernmen., "laying its foundation in such
principles, and organizing its powers in
such forms, as to them shall seem most
likely 10 effect their safety and happi-
ness" and, by awaiting their action, all
causes of uneasiness may be avoided,
and confidence and kind feeling preserved.
With the view of maintaining the har-
mony and tranquility SO dear 10 us all,
we should abstain from the introduction
of those exciting topics of sectional
character which have hitherto produced
painful apprelensions in the public mind
and repeat the solemn warning of the
first and most illustrious of my prede-
cessors, against furnishing any grounds
for characterizing parties by geographi-
cal DETERMINATIONS.
A collector has been appointed at San
Francisco, under the act Of Congress ex-