Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1849-03-27

liunmept uf is numbers. Il most al oi the ="
reign and almost all OF The inleinai immigration
is also to them; aud, what is more, il 10 IN IN
nnwer of their representatives in Congress, bein:
majority oi The whole, SO 70 dispos- oil ms Ter
rirorial subject as 10 stimulate that emigration
from the slavrholiing States 10 a greater AM
more mischeyous extent than ever.
Although it would be easy, Mr.. Chairman, Il
illustrate The nature and effect OF that "eIten
siop, SO denounced and so resisted by gentlemen
here in sill other aspects, yet enough has beef
sail. [ think, 10 show that the main idea which
il CONVEYS 10 The popular mind is deceptive ant
mistaken ont; that, in point ci fact, The extern
sion oil slavery 10 The territories will not an
cannot make one single human being 10 this
country slave, who would mol have been one
without il; that il will no, render the personal
condition Of the slave a particle haTsbtr than
nov; thai IL will not render the rights OF slavery
as sociaI or legal system, particle stronger
than now; that j, will not add anything whatso-
ever 10 lis strength, except, con;ineenliy, N lis
greater political representation in the Unired
States Scnale, ana tina. the adGition made TO il
there is no only 10 stlictes accordance with the
guarantee principle on which that b:srch Of
Congress, ior Just such cases is construed, but
falls short q inl! and rerlsci protection, because
81 that Ultimate minority in which the slavehold-
Ing stdie> are dsstineI 10 re an.
We thus s"e, Mr. Chairman, what extern
SIN vii not do. Let US reverse the picture for
moment, and see what il will do, not rollti
cally but practically. 1t will CO operate with
other auses already existin. for the gradual
transfer Of slaves from situations where their
labor i leas, valuable, To where il will bc most
so-that is, from the grain growing 10 The
ple nting regions Of the United States Where
ever sugar and cotton growing lands could be
had in these territories cheaper and more pro-
dIctiye than similar lands in tiIe States, they
would be bou.h, up and settled With slaves, and
these, 10 that extent, would be drained oil from
their present abodcs into them TINS deporla-
ton of slaves for The very purpose oil settling
such lands, has been steadily going on for many
years amongst the States themselves, until al
length il has Come TO mark itsel! upon the con
ditiou Of property and the structure oi soc!ety
in some of them Virginia, for instaEce-oy
consequences of the most decided and almost
revolutionary kind. First, the annual reduction
Of The black race by removals is eqna' 10. II not
greater, than their natural annual increase. Sc
condly, his reduction Of black labor opens up
many cmploymenis, especially mechanical EN-
poyren ;, 10 the easier and more profitable
pursuit Of the white man, and thus dl-courages
his emigration from The State. Thirdly, tins
reduction has the further elect OF leaving
progressively increasing deficiency f labor Tor
the full occupation and tillage Of the soil and
so throws out Of use and into market immense
quantities Of improved land. which, far ex
ceediug the wants and the means OF local pur-
chasers, are left 10 grow on into greater and
greater amount, until by-and by, perhaps at thi,
bob of fahI Ia ind nd nI
indefinite extent, can be had upon better terms
in the Oldest, and commercially considered, the
best portions Of that ancient Commonwe alth,
than even in the unpeopled Wllds Of the "iar
West" These causes, combining with one
another and with other causes, have SO opera
ted upon the relative growth Of the two races
in that Stale, as 10 be daily adding TO the more
and more decided preponderance of the white
one. IL they are allowed 10 work on as they
have already done, and are now doing, especial
ly If the auxiliary and stimulating cause OF q
free admission OF slaves ino the territories be
superadded il is evident as their number. both
absolute and relative, will grow less and ess,
that the whole system OF slavery in Virginia
vii be placed in new and more controliable
relation than it has ever stood in before. When.
under the uniform and wholesome law OF pri
vale interest, the black population of Virginia
and Mary land, and North Carolina, Missouri
or kentucky, quietly cmpties itself out upon The
sugar and The cotton lands Of the territories, or
of the lower South where the torrid sun is SO
propitious TO their constitution and labor and
when, as consequence OF this removal free.
men enter into ami occupy the homes they have
left, what is there in this 10 lament? What
shock does il lnhict upon personal humanity or
general freedom, that those Of Us here who are
the proiesscd, if not the exclusive supporters
of both, should denounce and deploIe il
But, Mr.. Chairman, let this transfer of the
slave TO the lower, moro congenal and more
productive ATTITUDES of the South be stopped
negin the stoppagc Of it here, by shutting him
out o. your territories in Mexico; let that act
Of yours be followed, as it surely would be, by
prohbitory acts on The part OF the sIayeholding
States themselves. mutually forbidding iuiporla-
liuns from one another, then the relative pro.
erosion OF the black over the white race will
rapidly advance, and disastrous future 10 them
both will tegin at once TO be Swallowed out
Not only IS the increase of the black race great
or under all circumstances than that of the
white, because OF the absence, in their case, Of
all prudential restraint, but when no emigration
is allowed 10 keep down that excessive growth,
il will follow, OF course, that that race will alb
sorO all the occupations upon which the labor
ing part of the white one can live and they as
a consequence, will be driven away When all
the field labor, when all the handlcraft trades,
such as carpenters, coopefs, tanners, black
smiths, shoemakers, &C., are cngrossed b. the
5 ave, and taken away from the resources of III,
laborng white man; when, in addition 10 THIS,
the hopcs and means Of common education are
all cut of by contiguous settlements Of slaves
over whole districts OF country; when this comes
TO pass, what earthly consideration can prevent
a Iaboring man so situated from instantly picking
up his family and gong 10 some other community
where he might hope 10 improve and better their
condition! Nothing could prevent him. Thus,
thropg after throng Of this class amongst the
very soundest ana best of all-would pass ava.
from amongst Us, almost as numerous and as un
returning as the passengers 10 the iumb; and 80
they would continue 10 pass away. until. ~ and
by, in the course Of a few generations the whole
population in our slaycholdins states would be
reduced To the slaves upon one side, and The
masters and managers on the other-a ,lspro
p r;ion great, 80 palpablc to every eve, 20
suggestive To the slave himself of the ;cariu
secret Of nj, gigantic physical power, that no.
thing could take from his heart The temptation
10 Try il, and try II he would, no matter what
tie con equehce and thus catastrophe would
!olos catastrophe, and our sunny and happ,
South would be covered over with scenes oi
conflict and Of weeping Concentrate the slaves
where they now are. and strip u BY tia; very
act Of the energies and protecting presence Il
the laborlng white man, and the bloody proc 3
of s.. Domingo emancipation will be tried
amongst ourselves vainly, but yet allictingy
The culy preventive Tor This which IS al on
CONF and, the only constitutional MOI. in which
slavery IS accessible 10 rs al al, i 10 open m,
as ar "a We have the power, every pracrIcatlr
outlet Tor lis diffusion Let il 60 into he trrrl-
tories; let il 60, unTeslrained, wherever il i
thought most TO lis interest 10 go-lo the ends oil
the earth, il il were possible. You thus cut az
the great mass Of il INTO fragments, which you
divide or parcel ont amongst siea,ct nuoltcs
OF States, thereby rendering il comparatively
harmless Tor evil ana hereby, 100, 50 reducing
the magnitude OF H. Wherever Considered burden
that each particular Stale upon which Il presses
will he heller able Than before 10 cone with and