Republican vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1857, 1849-07-23
From the New York Tribune.
HUNGARY.
IT. Situation, Resources, and Population.

~ Situation. Resources, and Population.
The geographical extent of Hungary, including
the nclentdependepcies Of Pennsylvania and Gro
ana and that collection Of different tribes organ
,zeo uhder peculiar system as a military frontier
between her dominions and Turkey, more than
equa. ina o Austria with her remaining provin-
ces q bohemia, Galicia, Tyrol. Lombardy and
YEN venice e, 3fe traveller who approaches Vienna
iroln me North, sees at one glance from the slop-
ing heights which conduct him to the Danube.
sne impfrnl city at his feet, the spires of Hunga-
ran TiSodfg on the horison, and the outposts Of
= LarPalnssA range far away to the northeast
= rom tEe river March--the Austrian frontier north
OF the Oanube-a days forced march would take
an army to the walls Of Vienna. The boundary
line extends nearly to Cracow, on the north, fol
loving the of the Carpathians as they curve
eastward like grand natural arch, resisting the
pressure Of Russia. South of the Danube it runs
othe southwest in an irregular line, closely ap
preaching the great highway from Vienna to
Trieste, and striking the Adriatic at the head of
the Cult OF Fiume. The Danube sweeping to the
east for about seventy miles after leaving Presburg
turns abruptly to the south at Wazer, (the scene
OF a late glorious Hungarian vctory,) and parting
the rival cities of Pesth and Ofen, passes through
tho very hear; Of the kingdom. At the fortress Of
Peterwaradin-wh is to the Danube what
Ehrenbreitstein is to the Rhine-it again resumes
its easterly course striking the Turkish frontier at
Belgrade, and skirting Transylvania within a
hundred miles ofthe Black Sea-
The central region Of Hungary stretching out
from the Carpathians to the Dannbe in vast step
pes which are drained by the Thesis & its myriad
tributaries, lis not surpassed in soil and climate by
any other part of Europe yields, in great abun-
dance, all the products Of the temperate with
others common to Italy and Southern France
The harvests in grain are abundant and CERTAIN
The plains are protected from the cold winds of the
north by mountain range 5000 feet in height,
while the hot blasts Of the south are tempered be-
fore they reach the Danube, in the defles Of the
Balkan and the immeasurabe forests Of Serva.
Hungary thus produces within her borders even
under the imperfect system Of agriculture which
her peasants haye pracced for three hundred years
all that is necessary to her own sustenance The
valleys of the Carpathians support numharless
Hooks OF sheep, goats and cattle the central table
land, watered BY six hundred streams, brings forth
with llttls labor, wheat, rye, maize, barley, and
all kinds Of vegetables; the warm hills bordering
the Danube yield annually twenty-five million
gallons Of wine, among them the renowned Tokay,
while the marshes in some of the southern districts
are successfully used in the cultivation Of rice
The climate, more mild and equable than that of
Germany, is the healthiest in Europe, one proof of
which is shown in the sturdy frames and strong
physical energies Of the inhabitants, whose mode
Of life also tends materially to preserve the stamina
Of the race.
The mineral wealth Of Hungary, as yet very
impelfectly explored, promises to develope mex
naustnle resources Of industry and profit. The
Carpathian district, inhabited BY that branch Of
the Sclavonic race known as the Slowaks. and
some Germans who are connected with the miner
al operations is rich in the precious as we'll as the
ruder and more necessary metals. Gold s as u
oundant In some localities az in the mines of the
CIa, whence Russia draws her fabulous wealth
veins OF silver and copper of unusual richness are
frequently met with, and the wandering lapidary
picks up in the untravelled recesses Of the noun
talns, the emerald, the jacnth, s. the radiant opal
Mines Of rock salt. sulphur, and saltpere, on the
other, need but labor, enterprise and proper en-
couragement from Government, to rank among the
most profitable in Europe. and vast beds of coal,
which might supply the 'dsforested Orient J" still
lie untouched It is no marvel that Austria should
have enndeayored to bring such country under the
yoke Of her graspiug monopoly Of trade and op-
presslve internal customs, or that Russia should
seize on any Pretext TO take up the quarrel, with
far-reaching hope for lions share. 'e''' . ~
The kingdom of Hungary, with Transylvania
and Croatia, covers about $50 600 square miles,
and supports population reckoned at about a.
100000. 'Fhe country is less densely populated
than AUSTRIA IN fact portions Of it still retain the
original forests. in WHICH the deer, bear, and wild
boar are hunted BY the native noblemen. But de-
Quoting from the remaining population of Austria
the Polish and Italian provinces which are disaf
fected, and % whose support she cannot rely, it
VIII be seen p numerical strength Hungary falls
little short Of being Der equal. The difference of
9Noc4 md la M L
different portions Of the Hungarian people are,
however. influences which prevents the country at
present from displaying its full power, Whether
the more impnent danger which threatens It, will
eflace TOY l5e time jealousies and unite all fyater-
nally N solemn struggle, is question whose
favorable solution is earnestly desired.
HE Magyars constitute the original Hunga
ran stock, whose chiefs founded the kingdom
thousand years ago, and in whoee hands tho gov
erning power has always remained They sprung
from the same Mongoliap origin as the Turks.
thelr near Aeighbors, Yhose language strongly re,
semhles their own. They received the na,ne of
Ungvs from the Sclsyonic tribes, when in the
tenth century, they disposed of the fertile plains
q the Danube. This title was taken up by the
Germans. ard under 1t they became famous as
nation nation 4 he Magyars who number about $780,
oUu souls, still inhabi the generous soil which at
tIacied them from the East and one Of their cities
gary.
The Sclavonic tribes hold all the mountainous
districts and are estimated collectively at $780,
oOo. divided between Croatia on the south, EN-.
bIaclng the sea Of Fiume, the Slowaks. among the
Carpa'hlans, and the Seekers. Bulgarians, Serv-
lans' and other small groups on the Military From
ler. The Germans. $50, 900 in all, in6abit the
rch' wooded, and billy province Of Transyvania,
east OF the Carpathans. whittier they went in the
lz'n century. and where they still preserve the
language and customs Of the Rhine, surrounded
on all sides BY the Nlsgyars and Sclavonic races.
mo country in the world holds within an uninter-
rupted boundary and under single civil system,
50 many striking contrasts Of language and blood.