Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1849-07-26
AGRICUL TURAl.
From the Southern Planter.
yvHEAe CTTU TTrns,

TEA NOLIORE.
During the last thirty DAYS have paid particular al
tenon In The maturing and divers mishaps of the whea
crop in Richmond and Burke counties. The frcss al
anG near the middle Of April, did less damage than the
dry weather, Hessian fly. rust. Several things mus
De studied and better understood than they now are
fore wheat growing become prof able and safe bu
sness IN the valley of the Savannah and Central Geor
ga. The writer DIES claim be wise in this branch
Of rural industry particularly in this climate but coming
from county in New York that produces on an average
over million and quarter bushels Of wheat year
he has had occasion to investigate defects in Soils in
the stems. heads and kernels of wheat the causes OF
rust and smut the habits of the Hessian and wheat flies
and the appropriate remedies for The evils.
The defects in the soils of this region clearly in
Dictated by the SOFT feeble. and spongy texture Of the
stems Of wheat condition that greatly favors an at
tack OF The maady called crust" This is parasite of
which there are several species. Rust wheat
always he avoded by any treatment with which are
acquainted. We have however, seen it prevented in
portion of field when it prevailed bgh;ing degree
in another part of it,
In giving public lectures through the State of New
York on Agriculture for its State Society we had oc-
caslon TO notice that wheat growing land naturally
abounding in lime, made rich in potash and Soda by
the liberal use of wood ashes and SALT very general
y free from rust On the CONTRARY soils rich in vegeta-
Ole mould, or poor in lime and in fhe alkaes named and
In damp locality, were extremely APT to be characier
Zed by rust cereal plants Befe ard since that time
the writer has had opportunities for seeing wheat ha
vested IN Western Pennsylvania, Ohio Indiana, Mich
gan and Illinois Asa poor calf is prone become lousy
one so wheat plants badly fed are apt suffer much
from insects and parasites Our observations in Georgia
and South Carolina confirm This theory. We have not
yet visited the Cherokee region and regard as not ex
traordlnary that we have with few fields of sound,
healthy wheat in the South To form good wheat
soil is not the work ofoae year. but of several where
nature has omitted the task Let deceive him
SELL or say that the Cultivaor has deceived him in this
mater 10 make money year after year BY raising
wheat, some study as well as work is Indispensable
In one hundred pounds Of the ash of wheat straw
there Is according to Dr. Sprenge and NJ Boussngault
sxty-seven and half pounds of pure flint every par
tcle OF which has to be dissolved in water before it can
enter the roots Of The growing plant. plenty of this
nnt IN The stem protects it from rust Lime potash and
SODA favor the solution of the acid called Silica or flint
IN way which we will not now stop explain
Onl SOILS In this vicinity rich in mineral acids Of
which silica is chief, but poor in alkaline earths We
nave h"vever an lnexhausble supply of lime Shell
Bum and IN The rotten limestone formation which ex-
tends quite through the State, passing little souh of
Macon Measures are in progress which, trus will
render good lime very cheap in this market u supply
The whole surrounding country. and to the head Of navi-
CATION on The Savannah. Our idea is that good IN
Stacked lime can he sold in this city bv the quantity at
twelve and a half cents bushel. One bushel Will
make from two to two and half Stacking with water or
air One hundred pnIts of one If the best deposits at
chf Blum yield us ninety four per cent of pure carbon
ate of lime.
To peven smut seed wheat should be soaked from sly
70 eight hours in strung brine and then dried in newly
saked lime. Some of the best crops of wheat eve,
grown In Western New York, were made BY the use o.
fertilizer composed of twelve bushels Of lime mixed
with three of common SALT and sown with The seed ~
good wheat land. On ordinary land we should use
twice as much per acre, if desire an extra crop
But ab"ve all. we should plough deeper, and harrow
with good implement drawn by three horses or mules
ABOUT ihree times more than wheat growers do Geor
GA lh'rorgh tiFage, draining when necessary lime
ashes and salt are the basis Of good crops If wheat
Mr. Michael Bisclair has made fair crop on poor nj
hey WOODS land near this city BY feeding sheep cpon
iaklng seed twenty four hours strong brine and by
using TWO bushels Of slaked lime to one of seed 1t is
proper to remark that it is unsafe to keep wheat twenty
tour hours In brine in hot weather, at any time
unless very cold
There is large number of farmers who put in seed
last autumn with an eye TO the very liberal premiums
offered BY Messrs Cunningham and Colmaa who are e
Iectng hne merchant mills in this city.
he He>san fv has nearly ruined many fields Of
wheat 10 This and Burke counties. Those that we
collected ~ the plants came out perfect insects between
The 9Th and 18th Of this aaonth-May. 1t is curiou:
fact IN the history Of the cecidomyia destructr that
April I"
Ahat we regard as rare exception, attributable to
warm winter As general rule. wheat sown in De-
ce"eer will escape The attack Of the fly till it ha,che.
IN May. when in this climate it can do little harm. Sc
var as We have SEEM late seeding has done better thar
early.
Skilfu wheat growers in New York are very carefu
20 save all the manure derived in any way from the
straw and wheat consumed The farm This to some
will appear small matter but close attention TO small
matters constitutes nearly the whole difference between
poor and good farmer. Both wheat and straw will
make capital material for the reorganization of perfect
wheat plants farmer who will raise crop of peas
after wheat this season, let his hogs the peas and
scatter their excretons the field will have with
little lime, his land in good condition to seed with wheat
in December again. We have seen good crops in one
ield harvested year after year. by taking pains to keep
the land free ofoal weeds and applying to the soil the
precise elements demanded by nature make the seeds
STEMS leaves and root Of this bread producing plant
easy and natural to feed and ften any cutiva
Ted vegetable spot of earth year after year. as is
q feed I'D fatten haas eatia