The Middlebury galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1848-1850, 1849-03-20

: three years, LOT Inc Pu' -
to meet the expenses OF the eoions' anu Incl
subsistence for tie first SIX months;
10 Tb. Pennsylvania act of emancipation
6xed the period Of twenty-eight for the liberia
ton Of The slaves; snd provided, or her court
have since interpreted the system to mean ina
the issue of all who were to be free at the lin
red AGE. we're from their births free Th'
PENNSYLVANIA system made no provision TO
colonization. -, =.
IS. Until the commencement Of the systen
which am endeavoring to sketch, l think al
The legal rights Of the proprietors Of slaves, IL
their fullest extent, ought TO remain unImPair
ed and unrestricted. Consequently they woui'
have the right TO sell, devise, or remove then
from the Slate, and, in the latter case, withou
the latter being entitled TO the beneht OF e
Emancipation, for which the system PROVIDES
IA. 2d-The colonization Of the free blacks
as they successfully arrive, from year to year
a, the age emitting them TO freedom, eonsld
er a condition absolutely indispensable. With
out il, should be utterly opposed to any scheme
of emancipation. One hundred and ninety
odd thousand blacks, composing about one
fourth of the population of the State, with
their descendants, could never live in peace,
harmony and equality with the residue of the
incubation. The color, passions and preJu-
dices would forever prevent the two races
from living together in state Of cordial I'M
ion. Social, moral and political degradation
would be the inevitable lot of the colorcd race.
Even in the free States Il use the terms free
and slave States, not in any sense derogatoIy
from one class. or implying any superiority IN
the other. but for the sake of breviiy0 that is
their present condirior In some of these free
States, the penal legislation against people OF
color is quite US severe, if not harsher, than 1t
is in some of the slave States. AS no where
in the United States are amalgamation and e.
quality between the two races possible, II IS
better that there should be a separation, and
that tie African descendants should be return
ed to the native lands of their fathers.
IS. It will have been seen that The plan l
have suggested proposes the annual transport
alton of all born after specified day, upon
their arrival at the prescribed age, TO the colo
ny which may he selected tor their destination,
and that this process of transportation IS TO be
continued until the separation of the two races
is completed. If the emancipated slaves were
to remain in Ky. until they attained the age OF
%, it would be about 81 years before the first
annual transportation begins, if the system
operation began in 1860.
l6. What the number thus to be annually
would be, cannot be precisely as
certained. observe it stated by the Auditor,
that the increase of slaves in Kentucky last
year was between three and four thousand
But, as that statement was made upon COM
parison of the aggrt gate number of all slaves
Of the State, without regard to births, 1t docs
not presume, exhibit the natural increase.
which was probably larger. The aggregate
was effected by the introduction, and still more,
~ the expectation of slaves. suppose that
here would not be less probably more Than
i've thousand, TO be transported the first year
# the operation of the system but after it
vas in progress some years, there would be
onstaut diminution of the number.
II. Would it be practicable annually to
5000 persons from Kentucky There
annot be doubt of it or even much larg-
II number. We receive from Europe annual
v emigraHts to an amount exceeding 100000,
/ a cost of about $40 per head, and they en-
ark at European ports, more distant from the
United States than the Western coast Of AT
lea. II is true, that the commercial marine |
Employed between Europe and the United
states, affords facilities in the transportation of
migrants, al that low rate, which that engag-
ID in the commerce between Liberia and this
country docs not now supply. But that COM
nerce is increasing, and by the time the pro-
posed system, if adopted, would 60 into opera
ion, it will have greatly augmented. If there
was a certainty Of the annual transportation of
not less than 5000 persons to Africa, it would
create deman for transports, and the spirit
Of competition would, have no doubt, greatly
diminish the present cost Of the passage. That
cost has been stated, upon good authority, to be
Mt present, $50 per head, including the pass
age, and six months outfit after the arrival of
the emigrant in Africa. Whatever may be
the cost, and whatever the number to be trans
ported, the fund to be raised by the hire Of
the liberated slave, for period not exceeding
three years, will be amply sufficient. The an
nual hire, on the average, may be estimated at
$50, or $3.50 for the whole term.
Is. Colonization will be attended with the
painful effect of the separation of the colonists
from their parents, and in some instances from
their children /; but from the latter it will be
only temporary, as they will follow and be a
gain reunited. Their separation from, their
parents will not be until after they nave attain
ed mature age, nor greater than voluntarily
takes place with Migrants from Europe, who
leave their parents behind. 1t will be far less
distressing than what frequently occurs in the
state of slavery, and will be attended with the
animating encouragement that the colonists are
transferred from land Of bondage and degra-
da.ion for them, to land Of liberty and equal
ity.
10. And Sd, the expense of transporting the
liberated slave TO the colony, and of maintain.
ing him there for six months, think ought to
be provided for 10y fund derived from his Ia
Dor in he-manncr indicated. He is the party
most benefited by emancipation. 1t would
moi be right TO subject the non-slaveholder to
any part of that expense and the STAKEHOLDER
viii have made sufficient sacrifices, without be
ing exclusively burtheneG with taxes, TO raise
that fund. The emancipated slaves could be
hired out for the time proposed, by the sheriff
or other public agent, if in each county, who
should be subject to strict accountability. And
it would be requisite that there should be KEEP
a register of all the births of all children O
color, after the day fixed for the commence
ment of the system, enforced by appropriate
sanctions. 1t would be very desirable regu
lation of law to have births, deaths and mar
riages, of the whole population Of the State