The examiner. [volume] (Louisville, Ky.) 1847-1849, 1849-06-23

. 'N sio' ~ duus greatly botli 10 thc pd'
Perlsm and TO the wealth Of the nor:her
States. Ii adds to their pauperism becsus
mulutudes Of the emigrants are laborin
} poor people, who land destitute OF mean
10 support themselves, until they can ear
money by their labor. Many of them hav
for time, to get charitable aid, especisll
Il they fall sick, OF do not obtain employ
menI Immediately. Some Of them. too
are people Of bad habits, who OH that ac
count add both 10 the crimes and The pau
perism OF the country, and especially Of the
cities. Yet, on the Ephole, the emigrant la
borers add much 10 northern wealth BY
their labor This is demonstrated by thu
actual prosperity Of The cities and States il
which most Of them are found. He who
looks only al the dark side Of this subject
is either unwise or uncandid.
One more remark. and we shall lei Mr.
Fishers panPer argument go for what it i:
worth.
The class Of white people in the South
ern States, who would be most apt to fall
into pauPerism, are in part driven away by
slavery into free States. Many laboring
man with large family, finding his pros
poets Of support cut off by slave labor,
packs up and moves away into a free State,
where he hopes 10 better his condition.
The removal has perhaps exhausted bis pit
lance Of means; and then. if any mislor,
tune beiall him, his family is thrown upon
the charity of the free State. Thus :'lhe
unrivslled system Of Southern civilisation''
casts part of its PauPerism upon the free
States. Ii Mr.. Fisher or any other man
would say, that this effect Of slavery is also
good, We do not envy him either his
heart or his principles.
Next as To the statistics OF crime in
the Northern States compared with the
Southern. about which Mr.. Fisher makes
such poIher. and on the ground OF which
he bstters especially the cities-the same
remarks, that We have Just made about pau
perism, will apply generally to them We
have the full record of the Northern crimes,
bat not OF the Southern. The crimes and
punishmens Of slaves, short of felony and
hanging, are not recorded. Minor often
ces, such as Drunkenness, fighting, disorder
Iy conduct in public places, &c, are. in
most parts OF the South, scarcely noticed,
and in no part, So strictly dealt with, as in
Northern cities, whore thew have vIgilant
police, and d slI,,, ..i..;..- ..l,r,.,i Justice.
IL is a well known tact. that ae administra.
ton Of criminal Iuslice Is culpsbly lax in
most parts OF the South, so far at least as
white men are concerned. The South, es-
pecially the far South, is emphalicslly the
land OF the pistol, the dirk and the bowie
knife. and yet how rarely. how very rare
ly, has a Southern gentleman ever been
punished for using these barbarous instru.
ments Of DEATH
Mr.. Fisher admits that SoulheTners
play cards-b1t then, lest this admission
should imply something uniavorable to the
morals Of the slaveholding community, he
says that they do it sat home" where no
harm ensues. Did not Mr.. Fisher know
that gambling, in various forms, is exceed
ingly prevalent in many parts of the
South
Instead of noticing any Of the things
Just sluded to, he betakes himself to nous
ing among the statistics of crime in the
cities Of New York and Boston, and count
ing the arrests and convictions for every
petty offence, ss well as for high crimes,
and then, finding the number Of convicts
in Southern penitentiaIies small in the
comparison, he crows over the dePrayity Of
morals in the Northern States, as If moth
ing aggravated the moral evils OF society
like Tree labor and cities, and nothing
cured them like the slauery Of the laboring
class and the idleBsss Of their masters.
And did not Mr.. Fisher know, that
propably nine .tenths or more Of the con-
vicIs in the penitentisries, are OF that class
in society, whose place is. in the Southern
States, filled in great part BY slaves, who
are not sent to penitentiaries Tor their
crime?
A few general observations upon the NOR
al Influences Of slavery, free labor and
cities, will close what we have 10 say on
this topic.
Homer has said ''The day that makes a
man a slave, takes half bis worth away"
Generally the moral feelings are blunted
by slavery, and the vices of theft, lying and
lewdness, are extremely prevalent among
the degraded, untulored slaves Of the South,
though there are some noble exceptions.
Shareholders having much leisure, and
living on the fruits OF other mems toll, are
apt to be generous, high.minded, proud and
passionate. They have some Of the social
virtues in higher degree, than the people
OF free communities. But Incidence, want
Of enterprise, and the kindred defects
OF character, be,et the class. Though as a
class they have more leisure and less dis
turbance OF mind, than any Numerous class
in the free States, they rarely become
learned, or scientific, or inventive. lndo-
Ience and the love Of social pleasures pre-.
vent them from forming habits Of profound
study and investigation, or encountering
mental labor of any sort. Though some bril-
liant exceptions have occurred, yet the gen.
eral truth Of this remark msy be inferred
from the records Of the patent Office. Let
any one examine the patent Office reports,
and he will be astonished 20 see how small
a portion of the inventions and discoveries
patented in the United States, have origi-
mated with Southern men. This fact
evinces a sisgnation of Southern intellect
in all those departments Of knowledge and
Of ART, which contribute directly to the
wealth of society and the convenience Of
living.
II is not because the writer Of this re-