The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1849-01-24

utterly at variance with their own principles that
they will be found acting in unison with the anti
liberal party in Canada unfolding commercial re.
sucuons, which do no good, against commercial Tree
DOM which works no injury throwing impedlmenis IN
tue paths OF those who marked out by the great fea
lures OF The districts they nhabt for friendly Intercourse
ami Creating these embarassments for the ayowed pur
pose OF making them alien to each other.
Notwithstanding the opinion OF the senator from Ma.
rytani, there is another Consideration in favor of this
bill which | consider of vital importance TO us We
nave earnestly desired since the American revolution the
free navigation OF the St Lawrence. In 1926, il became
The subject OF diplomatic correspondence between the two
countries The discussion exhibits the high value we
have attached to this privilege Indeed, claimed
rght; and II was asserted by Mr.. Claw III letter of
great power and eioquence. The right not admitted
by Great Britain aud the matter dropped But there
has been no period whan we would probably not have
been willing To grant an equivalent for the privilege in
which. according 10 Mr. Clay, nine States have an inter-
est. Canada IS DESTROYS of granting it without
equivalent She stands ready to pass bin opening the
free navigation OF the st. Lawrence TO vessels Her
Parliament now IN session The liberal party. which is
now in power IL about to bring the measure forward !;
and am happy to say that Lord Egin, the governor a
gentleman distinguished for enlightened and liberal
craftsmanship, IS in favor of the lis is
certain il we do not decline the reciprocity asked for by
this bill When the senator from Maryland said that the
navigation OF the St Lawrence useless TO he could
not have been that canals have been construct
ell around the falls OF Niagara and other points below
connect lake Erie with the Atlantic ocean by way of the
St Lawrence, and that vessels of $50 pass freely
through these internal channels OF communication. Du
ring the last sunner two o vessels passed
renee 10 the Atlantic. When our ships 90 to Que
bee by and meet vessels from north western States
there can be no doubt hat large quantities of the products
Of those States viii be carried, in summer spring.
ami autumn IN lhls direction by Our vessels to Eu
rope II this bill becomes law, have no hesitation in
preilchns that vessels at no distant day will be laden
with wheat in Chicago. Green Bay, Detroit and Ceve-
Land, and unade in Liverpool Shipowners, producers,
all will be greatly benefited by this free commerce, which
will have an advantage in avoiding lranshpmen between
the point of embakation and the sea- or the for
market, LII the result affect nv WAY
producers in the middle States, Kentucky in the
west, and Maryland and Virginia the Atlantic, it W i'll
be 10 relieve them from competition market
with the wheat growers of Illinois, Michigan and Wis
consin; and greatly If gentlemen from the wheat
growing States do not find themselves acting in direct
contravenon OF the interests OF their constituents In OPP
posing this measure. In any point of view under which
the subject can be considered the opening of the St Law
renee will be of ncacuabe benefit It is, indeed, the
only outlet OF the northwest to the for vessels OF any
magnnde-the only outlet of this kind they ever
have for with all the facilities for internal communica
ton New York possesses, ship canal through her terri
tory rs opposed by physical obstacles too serious to be
overcome.
believe the adoption of this great neasure-the free
navigation OF the st Ltwrencedepenis the passage
OF this bill II the reciprocity 1t provides for is refused
we cannot expect that Canada will grant what she
considers as boon, what we claim as right and what
all must concede 10 be privilege OF nestimabe value
On the contrary if tie liberal she has pursued is
met by an iiliberal spirit in US, fear she Will be
PEELED, IN self-dccncc, to resort to her old system of
dieTenilal duties, and TO continue the restriction on
navigation There IS strong party IN Canada In IA
vor OF this course. have already alluded to it as the
anti liberal party have quoted their petition to
the Queen in favor OF discriminating duties on our pro-
ducts. And, sir, greatly fear, if this bill is defeated
that we snail put weapon into their hands, to be WELD
Ell to our serlous annoyance and injury. To withhold.
therefore, Just measure OF reciprocity as verify be-
lieve, OF mutual advantage TO both parties, would not
only be exceedingly narrow policy part, but like
all seihshness, it would defeat ITSELF and result in loss
already shown, arelst, equal duties in Canada on Amer
lean and British goods and ID mark for at least three
millions OF dollars IN value of the products of in
dusiry.
Mr.. DAYTON VIII the senator allow me to inter-
rupt hum The statement OF facts he makes is important;
and desire to know on what authority he says that
manufactured articles received in Canada on the
same terms those OF Great Britain
Nj DIX; state it on the authority of the Canadian
tarH' which shall be happy TO show the from
New Jersey; and will ada that large quantities of our
manufactures are carried into Canada for consumption-
IRON castings coarse cottons and variety OF articles
from the New England States, New Jersey. and Penn
this bill will be OF great Importance. The prospective
beneilt-whlch we should reject by narrow policy
IS the free navigation of the St. Lawrence, one of
the highest prizes offered to the commercial enter
PRISE OF the country for many years 1t will also
carry with It the applcaon-which we have con
tended to,-of principle Of the greatest value in in
tenstonal in'ercoarse-a principle generally conceded
IN Europe the right of riparian States to an out
let to the sea by the wdercourses which they border
These seem TO me to be advantages which far outweigh
IN Pora nce any considerations of pecuniary profit to
ne Drawn IRON a mere computation OF the number OF
bushels OF wheat which may be recprocay received
and exported; though, even on this narrow ground
trust have shown that we not likely to be losers by
the competition.
There is another view Of the subject which ought to
weigh with u.s. The liberal party in Canada has been
struggling for years TO obtain the measure of polt
cal and commercial freedom which they believed every
community OF men 10 he fairly entitled Commercial
freedom iney have securednO fully, but so far as 10
give them the regulation OF the impost political freedom
so Tar as to give the popular voice control over all car
dna subjects OF internal administration AMI external in
tercoufse The first use they have made of this partial
Independence OF the mother country tender us the
most liberal terms OF commercial exchange They have
extended to us these benefits without equivalent WEI
have enjoyed them for nearly two years with great ad
vantage. They now ask equality in exchanging a few
agricultural productions common TO both countries Sir,
should deeply regret that the United States powerful
and populons they are, should withhold from n
comparatively weak and dependent neghbor a priv
lege Claimed on grounds so fair in themselves and
50 entirely in accordance with the liberal principles
by which we profess to be governed 1t would be
but poor encouragement to a country adopting our
political maXms to some extent and carrying them into
the administration o. her commercial affairs. to be
driven from the liberal policy she has espoused into the old
system OF exclusion; to be thus checked the very out
set in her attempts To cast oil the shackes which she
has regarded the greatest impediment to her prosper
try above all others most interested in the establishment
and maintenance OF enlightened policy in government
and III commerce
Mr.. PEARCE said that this was the first argument
made IN support of the bill, and sgnied his desire 10
look INTO it. He would therefore that the further
consideration of the bill be postponed until tomorrow.
The bill was accordingly passed over informally.
INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL.
On motion by Mr.. ATHERTON, the Senate proceeded
to th.. ,.,.tlo az H.. IL