Sunbury American. [volume] (Sunbury, Pa.) 1848-1879, 1849-12-29

fris suefhitied ~ II wis,lorii Of lC1nere.,.
whether afurihef fedub4on Of postas should
not now Be made moro pa rticuIarjy on the
letter cdrsespondence. This should be re.
!ieyed frtp the must burhen transport.
ing and eliverl ~ franks matter Of
Coneves<y for which-pSOlic service provision
should be made from the treasury. I conf.
IDENTIFY believe that change may safely be
made, reducing all .ingle-letter postage TO
The enfosm Ctte # fife cents (leefrdlsA
Of distance, without thereby imposing any
iute very moderate compensation for this
public service; and sihetefose iisepSctfully
recommend such a reduction.
Should Congress prefer 10 abolish the frank.
ing privilege entirely, it seems probable that
no demand on the Treasury would result
from the reduction Of postage. Whether any
further dimnuiion should now be made, Of
The result Of the reduction TO FIVE cents,
which have recommended, should be first
tested, is submitted to your decision.
Since the commencement of the last ses-
sion OF Congress- a Postal treaty with Great
Britain has been received and ratified, and
such regulations have been formed by the
Post Offce Departments Of the two countries,
III pursuance OF that treaty, as 10 carry lis
provisions into full operation. The attempt
!
England, TO France, has not been equally sue.
cessfnl but the purpose has no, been aban.
doned. ,..
For particular statement Of the condition
OF the Post Office Department. and other mat
iers connected with that branch ofihe public
service, ! refer you TO the report of the Post.
master General. yt.l isil. a,l,- y. si se4-I
y,ihe actofth The 81 Of March, 1s49, a Board
was constituted 10 make arrangements for
taking the seventh census, composed OF the
Secretary OF Stale, the Attorney General, and
the Postmaster General and it was made
The duty OF this Board ''to prepare and cause
to be printed such forms and schedules as
might be necessary for the full enumeration
OF The inhabitants oi The United States; and
also proper forms and schedules for collecting
in statistical tables, under proper heads, such
information as to mines agriculture, COM
merce, manufactures, education, and other
topics, as would exhibit full view Of the
pursuits, industry, education, and resources
Of the country"
The duties enjoined upon the Census Board
thl" established having been performed, il
now rests with Congress 10 enact law for car
rying into effect the provision Of the Consii-
tuition which requires an actual enumeration
of the people of the United States within the
ensuing year.
Among the duties assigned by the Cons,itu-
tion 10 the General Government is one of To-
cal and limited application, hut not, on that
account, The less obligatory; | allude 10 the
iiust committed 10 Congress, as the exclusive
legislature and sole guardian of the interests
OF the District Of Columbia. beg TO com.
mend these interests 10 your kind attention.
As The National metropolis, the city of Wash.
lngton must be an object Of general interest (:
] fDuDHpI ne 1 xra ho If
him whose immortal name il beais, its claims
TO the fostering care of Congress present,
themselves with additional strength. What
ever can contribute to its prosperity must en-
list The feelings of lis Constitutional cna, dians
and commend their favorable consideration
Our government is one of limited powers,
and its successful administration eminentlv
depends on the confinement of each of its co.
ordinate branches within its own appropriate
sphere. The first section of the Constitution
ortia'ns that. al legislative powers therein
granted shall be vested in a Congress of the
United States which shall consist ofa Senate
and House of Representatives" The Exc
enlive has authority 10 recommend mot 10
diciaie) measures 10 Congress. ..s ... .-.,
Having performed that duty. the Executive
department, OF the Government cannot right.
fully control The decision of Congress on anv
snbject of leeislaiion, until that decision shall
have been officially submitted TO the Pres-
dent for approval. The check provided by
the Constitution, in the clause comforting the
qualified veto, will never be exercised BY
me, except IN the cases contemplated by the
fathers OF the republic. | view il as an ex-
treme measure, TO be resoried TO only in ex-
traordinary cases-as where il may become
necessary to defend the executive against
The encroachments Of the legislative power,
or to prevent hasiy and incOnsiderate or un-
constitutional Legislation. b. ....,. ..... .-...
BY cautiously conining this remedy with
in the sphere prescribed 10 il in the cotempo-
raueons eXposiiions of the trainers Of the Con-
slilu'on, the will Of the people, legitmately
expressed on all subjects Of fleeislaiion, ihroue b
their constitutional organs, the Senators and
Representatives of the United State. " III have
its full effect. As indispensable TO the pre-.
servaiion Of our system of self-government
the independence Of the Representatives Of
The States and people is guaranteed by the
Constitution; and they owe no responsibility
TO any shnman power but their constituents.
- BY holding the Representative responsible
only 10 the people, aud eyemp,ing him from
all other Influences, we elevate the charac.
ter of the constituent and quicken his sense
OF responsibility 10 his country. II is under
these circumstances csfy that The elecior can
feel that, in the chcice of the law.maker, he
Is himself, truly, "a component parts OF The
sovereign power Of the naion. With equal
care we should study 10 defend the rights of
he executive and judicial departments. Our
Government can only be preserved in its pu-
| riiy by the suppression aud entire elimination
OF every claim iortendcncy of one coordinate
branch To- eneroachmenf upon anoiher. '!I-
\ ..Wilh the strict observance of this rule and
The. other injunctions Of The Constitution
with a sedulons nculcaion of that respec,
and love for the Union Of The States, which
our fathers cherished and e,1oiued upon
their chIlti'en, and with the aid of that over.
ruling Providence which has so long and so
kindly guarded ouI liberties aud Institutions,
we may reasonably expect TO transmit them
with their innumerable blessings to the re-
rnotest posierity.
But attachment toihe Union of the States
should be habiiuaIy fostered in every Ame.a
rcan' heart. For anore than h,lf ceu,ary,
during which akingdoms and empires have
fallen this uniou has, slop,i, unshaken. The
patriots, who. formed il have ,lspga aimee
descended 10 the grave vet sill il rsma, ina