The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-09-26

thoroughfares. Few, If any, take thelr own teams
| TO the West from this side of the mountains, and
every kind of stock is 10 be purchased arriving
at the place of destination, whereas formerly emil
grants were conveyed by their own teams, which
| were at hand when they were needed.
If YOU estimate the expense OF going West and
! the expense of sending your produce 10 market,
YOU will find strong inducements To resusctate
| YOUR old fields In these remarks il is not to be
! derstood that depreciate the advantages of the
! West, when attempt To show how richly you en-
| ioy here the advantages of the East The West is
my home; my choice in early manhood; my family;
my untailing support.
General Washington, who had visited most OF
the Atlantic States, and had seen a portion of the
West at different times, and at distinct periods,
in writing TO Arthur Young, in the year 1871
after remarking on the climate and productions
of the North and the South said, 90 Was 10 COM
mence my career of life anew, should not seek
residence north of Pennsylvania or south of Vir-
ginia, nor should go more than twenty live miles
from the margin of the Potomac" In assigning
for the remark he said 1t is between the
extremes of heat and cold; il is not so far TO the
south TO be unfriendly grass, far To the
north as TO have the produce of the summer con-
sumed in the length and severity of the winter. II
waters the soil and runs in that climate which is
most congenial 10 English grains and most agree
able to the cultivation of them"
Montgomery county and the adjacent territory
is within the bounds OF the country designated, by
the wises man of the age, as the most desirable OF
any within this extensive and fiourishing republic
III cannot nave escaped your OD5erNdtlOn tiat
your lands to great extent so much impov-
ershed that they are longer profitable for the
culture of tobacco, and that you compelled TO
turn your attention and apply your industry to a
course of husbandry which has not been extern
siyely praCtised. Tobacco, cropped from year TO
year, exhausts the soil, but leaving il necessa
rily must, the surface bare. Whatever of vegeta-
Bile matter is exposed is carried away by the winds
when the earth Is dry, and washed into the rivu-
lets, brooks, and rivers when drcnched by rains.
ne hat "a
since is deposited in your rivers and bays.
MIR. Ferris, of Delaware, informed me about two
years since, that he had in his possession letter,
that written to England after the settlement of
Maryland which described the Gunpowder bay,
the head of which is now crossed by the railroad
from Baltimore TO Wilmington, a body of water
large and deep enough to float the whole British
navy. At this time, he said it was so shallow as
not to be navigable by small sloops except in
one channel of no great width
The Potomac, between Georgetown and Alex
andria, presents large flats of mud in low tide,
which, within the recollection of many of the in
habitants, covered with deep water These
deposits are not mainly owing TO the abrasion of
the banks, but TO the washing of the soil from the
surface, and the removal by water of immense
quantities of earth, and the formation of gules
runous TO your fields and offensive to the eye. Ma
ture Is bountitul in her gifts, and most of your
country, when first put under the plough, rich,
and the soil adapted TO the growth of grain grass,
and tobacco The earth had received the vegeta-
age, in the falling leaves and decayed roots and
trees Rich soils open, and receive and retain
the water from the genial showers and the invigor-
ating SHOWS. Poor land is hard and compact, and
the water which should nourish and contribute to
sustain vegetation, if permitted mngle and unite
with the earth, is rejected and thrown off, and in its
lmpetuous course carries with il whatever its power
can move.
The popular mode is TO let land rest, and recu-
perate itself. It lies bare for while then a few
weeds appear followed by briars then by sassafras;
then comes the pine cedar, and if the surface
not ruined by gulies, in the of ages virgin
soil might be produced.
Your land has stood the exhaustion of two cen
turies, and it has stood against bad husbandry val
iantly, but it has yielded to time at last and now
needs your parental care. Your prosperity has not
kept pace with your years, and you must put forth
all your energy to avoid being distanced by your
enterprising companions.
The exports from Maryland, in 1899, of domestic
and foreign articles amounted to-. Sl6,299 COG
Which Is the greatest amount on re-
cord from this State.
Your registered tonnage was-(tons) 81 40 81
The population in 1900, the next year,
was. ........... ....... ........... 34l ,54s
The total amount of your exports in the year end
ing June 80, l54s, was. ............. S7,0I6,034
Imports ....................... 1923 7s2
Grand total ............... S14 ,I45,sl6
from the Maryland ports.
The American tonnage of Maryland the same year
was (tons) Observation-Disclosures. 81 709
Foreign ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. 36,22l
1870, s3C
The population ofMarylandin 1910 was 47O,0lS
Being an increase over the census of
1880 of observation-disclosures. 22,s7e
The population of this county in $50 was l9,sIt
- 1910 l5,44t
Loss IN ten Observation-Disclosures. 4.SI(