The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1849-06-27
From the New York Courier and snauirsr.
California;.

We had the pleasure yesterday of an interview with
Mr. James l.. Lorlng, who has just returned from San
Francisco, California, whittier he months since
on commercial business Mr. Lorng left San Francisco
in the steamer California, the first of May-afier an
unexpected and injurious detention OF fortnight caused
by the failure oil the steamer to sail the day rs adver
used lie spent some weeks al that city, and althoug h
he did not visit the mnesowing to the constant appre
hension that the steamer would sail every day-he ac
CURED very thorough and accurate knowledge OF the
condition OF things IN the Territory We are indebted to
him for many items of very interesting and important
Intelligence, which have not hitherto been given TO the
public
Mr. Loring has brought with him complete and relia-
BILE Map of The Gold Regions, embracing the whole dis
rct, and designating all the important localities de-
nnltely, and with greater accuracy than any map when
has ever been published II has been carefully made
from the best sources of personal informauon and Will
be OF very great utility We believe he has made no ar
engagements for its publication, though we presume that
some OF our map publishers will take measures 10 place
at before the public possible o,.,
Inc number OF oregns chiefly ybo O are p penr0s Unto no
California is almost incredible Seventy or eighty YES
sells were lying in the harbor, completely deserted by
officers we'll us by men, left with one to take care
of them, and rapidly falling 10 pieces al the wharves
The Peruvian has sent portion OF Its navy
TO San Francisco to bring away the Peruvian merchant
vessels lying there and IS only~by similar action on
the part Of government tina, any portion OF the Amerl
vessels there be saved from entire destruc
ton. From 5000 TO 1900 foreigners, chiefly from South
American ports, supposed to arrive IN California
every week: The proclamation OF Geoeral Persior F.
Smith, torbdding them to come, exces no attention
whatever, and is not regarded in the least
On the 18th OF April news reached San Francisco that
an attack had been made upon the Americans at the
mines by the Indians. proved that such an attack had
been made, and that five Americans had been killed 1t
rs supposed that the Indians set on by The MeXcans
The miners Immediately formed strong party and started
in pursuit They soon overlook the Indians, attacked
Them and killed fifteen on the spot They also took
twenty live prisoners, and brought them into the camp
According 10 the usual forms oil proceeding, steps were
immediately taken to give them an er tempofe trial.
which would of course have been followed by summary
ATTEMPT
escape the first night after they were brought in They
were detected, however, and twenty -four of them were
killed on the spot.
We learn from Mr. Loring that Judge Lynch is the
only mag strate known throughout the mining region,
and that his DEGREES are pronounced with all proper judi
cla forms, and executed with relentless severity There
rs no law, OF course for the district except such is
created by the emergency of the No military force
can be maintained there for u moment Gen Smith was
applied to by an express from the mines, for soldiers to
chasse the Indians after their attack upon the American
camp The General smiled and said that " if he should
send company there would not be skeleton TO return
soldiers would DESERT OF course instantly upon their ar
rival. There at the mines, and few in the Ter
rltory--a small detachment being near San Francisco
and The main body at Monterey.
Whenever any offence is committed among The miners
the cuprt is seized, Jury OF II persons empaneed
testimony is heard, the verdict rendered. and sentence
promptly executed All this is done, as we are informed
with perfect fairness and the greatest There is
very little robbery crime of any kind at the mines
Since the opening of the district TO emigants, eight
ten executions have taken place for robbery and MURDER
and TINS has had most salutay and restraining effect
The great peril to the whole country is TO grow ont of
The great influx OF foreigners Not only do they seize
formal proclamation Of the Unted States government,
but their department towards the Americans said to be
IN the highest degree insulting and provoking AT the
latest accounts, the Foreigners outnumbered the Amer
cans len TO one In the mining DISTRICTS and their de-
neanor was correspondngly oyerbearng and nsusrabe
This bad created the deepest Indignation among the
insult and baggadocio The Yankees had already taken
STEPS towards organizing themselves into a Natire
OF large bodies OF the Americans who were understood
to have sailed from various parts of the United States,
during the months of January and February, they were
determined 10 dIue erery foreigner out Of the country, at
ecery hazard. Although they are now greatly ounum
bered, still The Americans far better armed than the
foreigners, nearly all Of them having revolvers and other
mental, and moral qualities Mr. Loring tells that
they are determined to massacre the icoe popuat,on
rather than submit TO their insoence and competition
They claim that the United States laws require them to
leave and they are determined that these laws shall be
strictly enforced During the coming MIR. LorIng
says there will inevitably the bloodest and most
terrible growing opt of this feeling, that the i'm
agination can conceive. The Americans are hardy,
desperate, determined and well armed and they will
deslst from their purpose till the whole country cleared
OF foreigners, or they themselves are forced to yield
10 illustrate the condition of things at San Francisco
Mr.. Lorng related an anecdo!e which he knew to be
true The captain Of the St. Mary went ashore with his
baggage and seeing shabby, AFFECT looking creature
standing on the landing, he asked him if he would carry
MS trunk to The hotel Certainly" said the fellow;
',Pll give you dollar" "a dolari" yes" repeated
the captain, "rll give you dollar" "We now, look
here, said the man, "I give you frc dollars, if you'll
carry your trunk yourself" The captain saw through
the case. and closed the bargain He shouldered his
trunk, carried to the hotel and paid five dollars for
doing it, by the whom he had tried to hire for one
The most ragged, shabby abec loafers about town all
have their pockets filled with gold
AS TO the extent and wealth of the gold regions Capt
Lonng says the truth cannot well be exaggerated the
only deceptons practsed in regard to the with
which 1t is often represented that it may be gathered He
several old miners who had crossed the Rocky noun
tains and settled in Oregon; but the first report of the
discoveries OF gold they had left that country and gone
to California They state that. judging from The volcanic
formation of the country and the appearances that every
where meet the eye, they have no doubt whatever that
the Rocky mountain chain for very great extent New
mines were discovered within thirty miles of San Fran
cisco, few days before Mr.. Lorng left He brought
with him some beautiful specimens of the gold found in
the dry 'diggings." Some of them weighed five or six
ounces, and had the appearance of having been melted
an open fire. being irregular in form, and slightly dis
colored by ashes dust These diggngs are mainly be-
tween the North and South forks, upon elevated ridges in
the mountains The earth is very hard clay requiring
strong blows with pck-axe TO break il. The miners
go into this section and strike at random If there is
gold there, will soon be evident by the appearance of
pieces, large or small mixed in with the clay On see.
ing these, they Immediately fill their bags with the dirt
and carry IT, either on mules their shoulder ten or
twere miles to the nearest streams, where it is washed
and the gold separated from the dirt Even with this e
dous and hard process three ounces dan ia fair ay
ever, from lack of proper TOOLS men dig with their
hands, after hole has been made and their fingers
soon Income so sore that they are forced 10 give IN
The great increase the number Of m,ners was Al.