The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1849-05-13
SUNDAY MORNING. MAY 10, 1S49.

ment and contravenes the constitution of the province
he sanctions he sronts the aggregate majority or
the people, and ofends the loyalty OF tho English
Should his lordship trace in the man9uvres OF his
ministry any deliberate scheme for involving the colony
in fresh insurrection underhand plan for dis
gushing the English inhabitants. anu thus comprising
repeal Of the unon' between the eastern and west
provinces, he will be fully justified in exercising
the power Of the veto and Diminishing his ministry IT.
on the other hand he believes the to be
nnpopularty and even of civil tumult, rather than
break his pledge the representative Of a constitu
tona sovereign and neglect his duty as the admins
traitor OF constitutional government.
What will the Canadians do 1t Is easy to gather
from the Transatlantic journals that Notwithstanding
this victory the French party is as disconnected
the Enslith its plans have not been uniformly sue
cessful it, leaders have failed in carrying their re-
form of the representation which they counted for
talk loudly of the perils which threaten their
tionaity" They call out for their own laws, habits
jugates 100000 Frenchmen to the Saxon yoke, just
loudly AS the 900 Of British complain of
their own subsection to French insolence While the
French clamor is Repeal the Union.n the British
thunder out z" Annex to the Statesn The French
forget that, were the union repealed 1t would be no
such easy matter to raise Indemnity of 100000
~ that the loyalty Of which they proud would
suffer more from Yankee annexation than it ever has
from French amagamation We suspect, indeed. thai
the yehemet in consistency OF these clamors and the
unre uat,d fcrvor Of this excitement may be attribu
FUSION OF the lrlsn
This suspicion is rather continued than otherwise by
occasional limitations which We receive of visits with
which Canada may expect to be favored by indepen-
dent and unauthorized troops OF extra evncial sym
puthzcrs. Certainly, to those whose clustering me-
So udicrously defeated last autumn in Ire
land an opportunity like this. of getng up.a little war
their account in province but scantily pro-
vidod with troops, must be amazingly tempting But,
unless We are mistaken they will find their match,
and more than their match in the province Not
withstanding the temporary cstangcmcnt and dsscn-
sions which commercial stagnation and the changes
in own fiscal system may have mainly contributed.
VIC convinced that the majority of the English 0f
not Of the English and Irish) population in Canada
attached to the imperial crown and English inst
tutions are convinced that they will resent aud
resist any attempt to dsmember the province the
empire; and that they appreciate Alright the fears of
those who talk If some 100000 French hQbtans estab
shing a perpetual dominion over the growing and
pandng body OF English colonsts. For the rest we
mus trust to the discretion of Lord Egin and the
solution Of the English Parliament
The English Navigation Laws and Free
Trade In the United States.
GFrom the London Chronicle, April %
IL has been confidently stated and may be believed
in some quarters that the liberal system of
cia policy is rapidly losing ground in the United
States and that MI Bancroft exceeded his authority
when he pledged himself for their willingness to meet
Great Britain on perfect footing Of reciprocity in
case of the contemplated modification of the Nayiga
ton Laws The point is important, and admits OF
yrry simple olucidaion The American free trade Ia
r of 1916 has answered the expectations and fulfilled
the promises of its trainers in all respects Mr. Mac
kay Tin The Western Hod states, that both imports
years since it came into operation. These stood 70
millions sterling for 1915, and 32 millions for 1913,
showing an increase Of two millions year the aver
age increase for The three preceding years having boon
very attlialy less But interests formerly protected
have suffered particularly in Pennsylvania In which
the supporters of the rival systems are very nearly
equal and this State declared for General Taylor
Losses really attributable to the failure of the
crop or the state of Europe ut set down to
the credit Of the policy in this country and
the result is that the candidate of the wings, pro-
tcctionist party has been elected President and the
same party has temporarily acquired small majority
in the House of Representatives But General Taylor
his success principally to his military rcnown
and his personal popularity the Senate is still demo-
legislative change in the iberal direction Is prac
tcable for the present and If the manufacturing
States should succeed in their design Of imposing dit.
fcrential duties for their benefit to the manifest
injury Of the cotton and growing States, thera
can be little doubt that separation must speedily
Cnsuc.
We are therefore, under apprehension that the
United States will practically rctrogadc the language
of the President has been extremely guarded and
1t appears from the ciciai document entitled REPLY
of the nitcd States government respecting the Pro-
posed Relaxation Of the British Navigation Laws that
it entirely depends upon the British Parliament to pro-
cure for British ships the privilege Of trading from
any port in the world to any port in the United
States, and Of being received protected and in re-
spect to charges treated like American ships" This
is clear from the Act OF Congress approved the 2lth
May s2S. and from the Interpretation put upon it by
The American law courts and administrative authori-
ties The Act provides that. upon satisfactorily cNi-
d.ncc being given the President by the government
of 1UIClnn tUit no
posed in the ports Of the said nation vessels
wholly belonging to citizens Of the United States, or
upon goods imported in them the President may issue
his proclamation declaring all discriminating duties
suspended far respects the vessels of the said
nation and the good. conveyed in them by Irca-
snrv circular dated November q, 1Sf1. it Il laid
down that the ship Of any nation which cxcmpts
American ships from the duties in question, shall
at once. and Without any Prcsi lcntal proclama-
ton free from such duties in the ports Of the United
States: and MI Buchanan, February g. 1Sio) refer.
rir to the act and the circular, writes:reat Britain
may thercuIe. any moment, by complying with the
fair and equitable conditions required by this act place
her vessel and their both in our direct and in
direct foreign trade upon the same footing with YES
sels Of the nitcd Siatcsi The coastng trade is, OF
course rcf,ryod Indeed the liberal principles OF re-
ciprocity In commerce and navigation, sanctioned by
his ac, had been practically adopted previous TO its
massage in treaties which had been concluded by the
United States with d, nnak, Sweden, the anscatic re-
public, and Prussia aud have since been carried into
eff ct in treaties concluded with AUSTRIA Russia, and
other powerstAll Of which are It'll in force"
No seriously supposcs that the present govern
thu Sc treaties or pass n new law to exclude Great
Britain from the provisions of the Act OF May, 1913
II follows that We shall be under very serious dis
advantage. In competition with our most Formidable
rivals. il VIC ptrseverc in uphodipg our navigation
laws a. they stand The Americans already enjoy the
free range IL wide field from which excluded
and il stands to reason, that ii we limit COM
mtrcal relations, whilst they are rapidly extending
theirs shall eventually be distanced in the race. II
Il idle point ut the latIO at which American tonnage
increases unless additional stmulant to British
Sntcrpiise IL Is not possible for to retard their
progress to anything ike the same extent 10 Wn'ch
The restrictive system must rctard own. We can
partially exclude them from our ports Is true; but
what will b. the relative condition of the two COM
munites at the end OF half century, if they are
ccvcd Oh a footing q equality in the ports Of all
other nations whilst discriminating duties are imposed
ON English vessels by the German Zollyercin, tho
Italian States, and the maritime Kingdoms Of the
North?
At present there Is no ground for alarm, OF the
entire foreign tonnage which catered the ports OF tho
United States in 1S47 nearly three fourths British
and the British tonnage employed In the direct trade
with them has than quadrupled since 1924. It
a g94 tons in that year, and 205l % in 1916 The
American tonnage in the trade for the same
years stands 153i7j and 44s 1856 Let those who con-
tend that tho present excess OF American tonnag ,
over British in the direct trade is owing to tho reel
pretty treaties have the goodness to explain why til
American was than three times as great as tn )
British in 1924 We suspect that the same train OF
inquiry would show why British tonnage has not in
creased in Of the Baltic ports the fact being that
tho country which exports the bulkicst commodities
in airy given trade always employs the greatest num-
Der OF ships.
But 1t Is uuncccsary to go into details regarding the
Baltic ports Gas MIR Dsracli pontcdly argucd) they