New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1849-07-06

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,,srs for the convenenes OF snoring the y,.se snd
working under tie bottom
The .de wal. are aid up with English hond. VIZ.
Nteruste course. OF stretchers and hesders
The stones IN the alternate courses are 81 the
length which give, what % termed psa-5 ae~a. a.
though the the same course diner N length,
variety % ler siEs hs'ng Seen previously determines
gpon g. facilitate the qnsrrying 81 ne 'i'ne. ne
courses So chiefly - inches thick. = lev near ne
bottom beng . inches ihick.
The beds u the stone Ia The sirc,cher courses srs
from o. 3. tee, broad and the header courses srs
from 4 70 icct broad The iensth Of the headers 10
from % ieci and Of the strrtchers from 20 icrI
he heaisrs d. cases one ball Of the length Of ne
/ strstghfrs
/ and the average . sbogi zoo posnds Many 81 tho
copirg and other large stooes exceed lAoo pounds
The Interior also large. and VII average
upward OF l.l,, pounds.
The facing stone. are al aid 'ont bot esce>dins
jleth % an nch sna the osns are kePs up ial 10 ne
ines FOR the fuli depth Of The stone.
The whole 20 the work hSs been I'D 10 hydraulic &C
meut 81 the hest description
Tss Gafs', n-hirias F.~p. Essrss s,--The folding
gates are similar Ia torn 10 those used upon canal ocks
The opening wide and the depth great hat each
WING required 20 be shout 20 feet long and ~ feet
| high
such gate. are usually nsde of wood. ba, these will
/ - auit wholly OF ~Toasb, Eon, sad vii weigh up
/ The euo.n post j. sustained IN the hollow quon. 81
the masonry ~ massive irun straps. and the ostsr
iremliy Of the gate : supported ~ two rollers ira
yersns spon circular plates aid upon the toor OF The
! io,k
Valve gate. Inserted pas. when required
/ INTO or from the chamber.
The gates moved BY tour srge cspstsps Inserted
10 ne masonry and attached 90 the gates by chains.
\ seating gsts. also ct drought non, 10 10 b. built
Which viii weigh nearly loo tons
This gate Il la the form 81 ship o. iest Ions
io ice' vide and 80 ee deep the keel = inside 70 NJ
groove Which has bcen cut 10 the masonry a. the lower
| end ui the Dock
BY admitting water INTO the vessel il sink. into this
groove and forms bsrtcr against the ses- IL IL
moved from its place by PunPsns cut enough water 20
doat clear Of the groove.
Means are provided ior passing water through the
gate slso into or from the chamber
These the trst instances where has been used
for gates In America
! The Dock tled by means OF eulvert passsse-
through the lower ends Of the wss which dischsTgr
INTO the g.lleries leading into the main chamber
When the Dock 10 10 bc empted the water passes from
the chamber through the ssl!cue. into vsated pass
ages each wal, which unite At the head OF the Do,k
and Is thence carried 20 the draining well by large
! culycrt Of cut stone
The draining well 4. placed under the north md
OF the engine house. and but OF cut stone. oval
shape. the two diame,cr' being % and - feet
The Pumps which are designed 10 remove the water
from the dock are OF immense size. VIZ % inches a
smeer and Id feet stroke, snd the water 1, raised at
- greatest eleysuou) 80 feet high The pumps will
discharge about 5000 gallons per minute, and viii
| empty The dock 10 TWO hours
These pumps are exceeded iu dimensions only by
those hlch have been lately built 70 drain the sflsem
! Mer Ia Holland.
cUutensing beam engine, set IN Gothic frame, nni
finished IN the most perfect manner With cylinder u
30 inches diameter and ~ feet stroke Is built 10 work
these pumps
The engine house i. built OF fine cut granite /. JoO teet
long 0O feet wide aud three stories high The part net
used tor the engine pumps Ac 10 occupied as ma
chine shop tor repairs.
Tis Mathf1es. Tools ST. s'i N ~ construction TO
tho pro ssonal man hcss equs In Interest any part II
| the work.
The steam engine and pump. used ior tho temporary
Drawings have been mentioned before.
sNr..t
used in various way. 10 facilitate the operations.
| in hosting the mud buckets and hauling up the cars
from the bottom OF the pit ON inclined railroads. IN
driving piles and in dschsrgns the heavy blocks %
granite sc from the vessels aud Ina laying portions oi
! the masonry
la removing the excavation Il found necessary
20 use ght vessels because the sand fuid thaf
would escape almost wherever water would aos
Boom derrieks were used 10 some extent Dumping
tubs we're suspended from the end OF th' boom, which,
when allied holsisd 10 the Lowell OF the ground by
steam power
The chief part OF the excavation, however WAS taken
OUT IN cars which. when loaded were hauled up toe
, inclined pianos BY stoam power from the pumping
| engine
These car. possess advantage over the common
earth used Tor this purpose, they were hung
very low not above a ee from the top ~ The ground
20 the top Of the box This saved the labor Of shoveng
twice 10 reach the car They dumped between the
! aNles and between the rails
The Pdiny Machines Ot tho most approved
form, The hammers were hoi.ted by the pumping "a.
| zine The piles vero generally driven by hammers
weighing 40 pounds, falling through leaders - i'st
long and the piles were driven ~ deep ss these blow.
would force them.
The Engineer has kept accurate record Of tho
number 81 blows required 10 drive each pile which TOT
the whole number averages 100 blows Driven IA tbs
manner each would 81 the moment the last blow ~ss
given sustain weight Of $50 TONS but the subsequent
subsdencs Of the earth around H. would enable IL Ia
! sustain nearly twice that weight
Hammers OF 1900 and 800 pounds and leaders OF ~
feet length, also used. The use Of these large
hammers was very economical ~ II was found that tho
pile received less injury and Was driven by lees num-
Der of bOws and IN less ise with tho same power ss
J applied 10 the smaller hammer
All OF the piles bound AZ the head with an iron
ring three inches wide and one inch thick and the force
Quifcd DIVE the piles 20 great that ono ~
these rings could not be- used % drive more than two
! piles before II burst
Where the ground worry hard the lower extremity
! OF the pile armed with an iron ,hoe.
A contract made Tor OF Nasmyths steam pile
dryer. and Of hls best machines was imported Tor
the use Of the work Unfortunately however, the
machine constructed too ght 10 perform the
labor 10 which Il was here subjected.
When in order IL produced the most astonishing re
sus-drying tho piss 10 less than one third tho time
Or expens, of any other known method.
| LIS principle consisted Ia very rapid blows with
yery heavy hammer The steam cylinder was Inverted
over the hammer 70 which IL was connected directly by
the piston Id -nd the hammer which weighed y tone,
boosted by the stroke OF the engine st every rev0u-
ton Both the cylinder and the hammer were cup
ported By the pile tseli 10 which 10 was attached ~
/ deep cap or band. The cylinder moved up sDd down
alongside spar, and the stsafn was conveyed 70 ~
a flexible tube leadng from tbs boiler On the ffano
below
The arrangements which have been made for dis
charging and Transporting snd slowing the granite and
tor laying up the masonry are very complete
There are large strong wharf cranes, which has
led equal numbe' OF vessels " be discharged ct
the time.
The necessity II this large number 10 apparent when
II 10 mentioned that during two months last season mere
~ csrgoes OF granite received and discharged
large boom dsfrcks we're provided Tor asserting
and s,onag the until hey wsrs required Tor u'e
large ana ar equal number Of small boom defneh
we're built and stationed around the pit ~ that hey
the large oaes) commanded the whole ssrises OF ihs
masonry.
The stones were transported almost entirely on
rail roads which tbgs arranged
One Line laid entirely sround the docx-brsnchss
extended from this line % esch dischsfsng crane and
70 each of the l.ying denicks, also 70 each OF tbs
slowing derrcks and also Ia front Of tho stone cutters
sheds.
BY this means stones which received from tho
vessel. unwrousht s-nt ~ The stone cut
er sheds and when cot reloaded and sent 10 tho
laying derricks when they were required Or n tho
stone Wa, received cut then cent direct 70 lts
own derrick
These admirable srrsngemerts enabled them h. die
charge each day in large vessels loaded With heavy
blocks oil granite all u which spoftei their