The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1849-07-26

pecialy as she sits high in the water forward. She
is as graceful as the swan, with the strength and
swiftness of the eagle.
We now come to
THE GEORGIA.
She is constructed, in ali respects, the same as
the Ohio, with the exception of size and shape, and
therefore it is unnecessary 10 do more than notice
the points Of difference The hull of the Georgia
was built by Smith & Diamond. Her dimensions
are
Length OF keel. .245 feet
Length of spar deck. .......... .27O
Breadth of beam. .................. 40
Depth of hold from spar deck. ....... 50 :"
| The tonnage, measured from main deck, is 2,700,
| from the spar deck 3, 300 tons.
1t will thus be that, while the depth is the
same, the Georgia is five feet longer, three feet
wider and has greater capacity for freight than the
Ohio. She now draws but nine feet of water; when
her machinery is in, with Goals, &c. it is calculated
she will draw thirteen feet. The build is also diff
ferent. The Ohio is full forward, and sharp aft |;
the Georgia is the reverse. And as the materials
of which the two vessels are constructed are the
same, and their engines of the same power, the
sailing qualities of each would be fairly tested by
experiment, and the point about which nautical
men are much divided satisfactorily settled.
Ii was hitherto supposed that vessel could not
be made sharp without drawing much water; but
| the Georgia is sharp-stemmed a vessel of her
size as was ever built, and yet draws the smallest
depth of water Her stem is exceedingly beautiful |;
il is like the Ohos, in one piece with the figure
head but much finer Her hgure-head is the wild
horse of Mazeppa.
IL Is only when on board the Georgia you see
No. ,u,b,nafion of beauty and strength. Standing
A. her nro -, ssd looking back along her sides yop
canno, 900 Straight line of one foot IN length.
The curved line, th, e ~ .' .,a., - 49, IT,
its proportions gradual, ron siem 70 sern inns
vessel is furthest removed in h, N'0sp, ~. la.,
steamers. The Ohio is much mC n"e 'a,i,h
The perfection of steamships we take Ia, WIN
the same amount of machinery 10 have large Gu
pacity, carry more freight, and attain at least the
same speed. The cylinders Of the largest British
steamers are the same size the Georgia's, and
yet their burden is only 900 tons The accident
that occurred on Saturday last has amply tested
her strength. weight Of forty tons fell from a
height of twenty feet on her rail- which Of course
It cut through, crushing TO pieces Of the strong
Sanctions; but II stopped when il came TO
the heavy water ways on the gun deck. Ii did not
make the slightest impression on them; and though
that weight still rested in the nick II had cut for IL
self, so broad and buoyant is the vessel, and so
ttle did she heel that you would scarcely perceive
any inclination to that side. Speaking Of rails, we
may here point out difference between these and
other vessels. The rail is always cut for gang
which, considering its strength, is a powerful sup
port in preserving the shape unwarped. IL is
found that matter how strongly the boat is built
IN other respects If her rail rs cut, she will warp
more or less You enter these vessels by ladder
to the spar deck. Built as the Georgia and Ohio
are, with view OF being turned, IN a weeks no.
tee, into frst-class steamers we may remark
that the spar deck sfastened by means Of screws
andSa be removed at once. In other ocean steam
ers, for instance, the Hermann and United States,
the gun deck is down in the body Of the vessel, and
they should be cut down, in order to make them
available for the naval service. The water ways
also absolutely necessary for the support Of the
guns, on the main deck in the Georgia and
Ohio, which is not the case in other steamers
We shall now proceed to describe
THE nAcHrsERr
The engines, boilers, and water wheels, are the
same in both steamers, and the same description
therefore, applies to both They are built by Secor
& Co, who had to enlarge their establishment for
the purpose, and superintended all through by
the eminent engineer, Mr.. Joseph Scott. Each
boat has two engines, which gives a larger area of
cylinder and double power. In England the power
Of engines is measured by that Of horses. These
engines are each according TO the measurement of
the cylinder, which determines the amount Of power
what the English would call GOO horse power
| They are low pressure, side lever marine engines
! The following il their capacity;
Feet Inches
Diameter Of cylinder. ...........7 6
| Stroke OF piston. ...............5
weighing l60 tons, and capable Of boiling 100 tons
Of water. Ttey are worth $4,000. The Her
mann and Washington have two engines but have
only two boilers. The advantage in having four
is, that while the fires are being hauled the speed
need not be sackened as must be the case where
there are only two. The engines are on the same
plan as the Niagara's, but much heavier There is
no English steamer, large small, without two en-
gines. Two are not necessary for river steamers,
but are OF great advantage for the ocean. The
Empire and other river steamers have two engines;
but they are not connected. They act ndepen-
IDENTIFY. In the Georgia and Ohio they are con-
nected as in the Missouri, Mississippi and KAN
schatka. The advantage over the single engines is
this that with the latter when il IL on the centre
If wave strikes the vessel, the wrong valve will
be opened and she will be driven back, instead OF
forward. This cannot take place with double
engine, the stroke being alternate. Every time
too that engine ~ on It's centre, when the pis
ton is highest or lowest, there is a moment in which
both valves are closed, namely, after one has lust
shut and before the other is opened In that mo-
ment with single engine power is lost and nc
steam is applied. With the double engine It is diff
ierent for the steam in instant Of time suspends
It's propelling force There are two valves ALWAYS
open, while two are closed. There is more steam
required for single engine, and therefore il Is
more expensive. 1t is also more dangerous Al
sea, in a storm steamers must often slack down tc
Z five IN the minute but single engine can dc
, that Single engines strain the boat, double one,
do not.
! The bottom Of the cylinder in these engines !,
cast the bed plates and thus six feet Of room il