The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1849-08-08

| sides, at Washington to keep out this the great
est Of all questions, and to continue the old and OBJ
| soete issues Of both parties, is looked upon with
scorn and indignation. They are determined to
maintain their tights; ami If the North woa't let
| them, then they sdy, Let US have separation
| from those who show themselves our enemies
| Let them go their way we will 60 ours"
The South have already freed more negroes than
we have freed. At the last census, there were IN
the then Is slave States, and District OF Columbia,
25,S0i free negroes, and in the l3 free States but
| I70, fl4 negroes; that there are IL 357 more
free negroes iii the slave than in the free States
One Of the very first fruits of separation, brought
! on by the nudiclous movements OF the abolition
and free soil party would be, that every free negro
in the South would be driven out and forced INTO
the North, to be a burden or blessing to US.
Does any man in his sober senses, in the free
States, believe, that # the question put to the
citizens OF each of the Is slave States, Shall the
institution of slavery in this State be abolished or
| not?' doubt the answer! 1t would be- thun-
| dering " No" from each State. Is there any DOUBT
then, that If Congress drive these States to the
wall, by saying, in fact - We will abolish slavery
for you, by first commencing with your constltu-
uOna rights In the territores,' that the South will
make an issue for their existence and properly, on
| the very threshold, at any cost Certainly not.
| Then why, IN the name OF all that Is sacred In
| compacts, should such a dangerous and doubtful
question be pushed to a direct Issue, whea no pos
sble good can result from il, save to merc-nary,
! designing, corrupt. and God-forgotten politicians,
abolitionlsts and Tree soilers, and when The worst
| Of all evils, a ACKNOWLEDGMENT and separation OF the
| States Of this Union, must follow certain as
| Effect follows cause IN the final result For ii one
! slave State makes the issue upon this slavery
! question, or It's rights IN the territories, and
! falls back upon It's sovereignty, every slave
Stale will follow its eXamp le-they will be
forced to do il. to save themselves from annl-
hiatlon as independent States, and 10 save the
property and rights OF their respective citizens
Let every free soler and political trader look at
the result which their mad action would roll in
upon the country. Southern federal union would
be consummated ere year. The fifteen States
! her slavery px Gfa nm off
3lS square miles. California and New Mexico
would add to that area 526,07S square miles more,
while the North has but area OF 45i 80 square
miles. The South, too, has an extent ot Atlantic
seaboard six times greater than the North.
We have spoken a warning which We trust will
be needed by the good, and those who love the
/ Union. To retain it, the North must cultivate
! kindness and good feeling, and abstain from med
ding with the South, in a matter in which the
North has no direct concern; and the more so,
in matter where the consrltution-the only resort
and protection tor minority against The ma
Joriv-ls clearly against the North. The North
cannot force the Southern States to remain MEM
/ bers of the federal Union, If its own IN ustice
| drives them from It. Blood spillng is sad alter
native among brethren, and God grant that the
| folly or madness OF knaves and bad men may never
force us INTO IT.
| Let the Southern States have their convention
let them IN a fair and friendly spirit discuss their
grievances; and let the majority III Congress meet
| their statements IN the same spirit of accommoda-
uoD, and redress them We thus avoid difficulty,
alr and fresh, in our vigorous republican career OF
greatness and stability; and as preparatory step,
let the common sense OF the honest men aud patriotic
citizens kick 10 the devil those uciier spirits whose
pauy ambition and love of office, power and plum
! der have brought the country to this crisis
In former letter | have alluded to Southern
suit fiom them to the Northern and Eastern see
! lions. This has been brought about by long
continued unjust system OF telusoD, upon the sub
J'ct OF protection. beneficial 10 few aristocratic
,k,La h. .rfh and u IN, fh.
! South, irom the planter who raises 10 bales of the
raw cotton TO The PLANTER who Raises 300 bales
/ We cannot exhibit the real result better Than by
stating a case which clearly exhibits IN 4 il IN
tended, and that The effect of our protective sys-
TEN is, TO make the labor and capital of the Worth
profitable, AT the expense of the labor and capital OF
! The South.
We will suppose to be Southern cotton plan
ter, residing in Charleston. lie raises 300 bales of
cotton.
isa New England manufacturer, and resides
IN Boston, and makes 800 bales Of domesiics.
and II are here understood 10 represent the
! South and The North.
! We will suppose the 800 bales of A to be of pre-
! csey the came value in the home market, as
the 600 bales of b. A. the Southern planter, ships
his 800 bales at cotton direct from Chnleston TO
Liverpool, where II is cold tar sum ol money
which enable SHIN 10 purchase 800 bales Of English
cotton goods, Of precisely the same quality and
quantity IA those made by u, leaving 81 iicient
sum Of money In pay all the expenses Of the 300
bales TO Liverpool and The 300 bales purchased, to
fuciured goods arrive in Charleston, assuming the
duty 20 be 335 per cent, (and on an aggregate II IS
more Than haD and that the duty il paid IN kind,
A will have to deposit 100 bales in the Charleston
custom house in order TO obtain liberty to bring
IN the remaining 200 bales He thea inds with
bis 800 bales OF manufactured goods ready TO I'M
der eel him, IN consequence of the protective
tuties IMPOSED 10y the government Tor hts proiec-
! ton This drives A out OF hls own market, makes
| the labor and capital of A unproductlve, aud ON
pcls blm TO abandon cotton planting, and resort to
manufacturing, or some Other employment, or to
continu, with very little profit beyond the outlay.
But this is not all. The 100 bales in the custom
house ale the property OF the United States CO.
veument. Boutvotcs A, and then takes it to hum
self ~ the various forms Of appropl alton. lie thus
has, IN reality, 400 bales against the 200 of A, ow
| ing TO the unequal action and unjust inerpo-ton
cfthe government; and instead of AN equal income.
has n double lDcreaee from the same cause. After
having impoverished by this process, he sssails
The lahorers Of A, on the ground that they I'M
profitable, and attempts 10 destroy his property in
ihemo the ground that is sinful and reproductive.
This Is the hole state OF the case expressed in short
metre, allowing trliiing deduction, which goes to
A, In the foIm Ct appropriations by the government.
We think those presses who are ridiculing the
South and its institutions will ind II very difficult
matter TO answer this statement That the
South have suffered great many evils from the
equal legislation AT Washington, IN the pact period
# ,hrn years, IS not to be denied. They have
rights IN the Union as well az the North, and
IL tins Union is to be perpctuated, those rights
must be respected by the other section, even
though they have, the majority, and can carry
any congressional enactment We love the
Union, aud II needs but Justice to all from all
all TO mske the United States the greatest country
in the world. We don't care straw for the South
more than We do for the North, but we are deter
mined 10 see fair play-more than this, we wish to
lay before the North the real state of these sectional
relations, and that our Northern members
may not rush down to Washington the coming
winter, and in ignorance plunge the Union into a
civil struggle which cannot but result in its destruc-
ton. and destroy the North; for the South IL Gao
not BE- doubted, would be, when separated from the
free Sfsirs, more compact and more prosperous
tbsn che has ever been. Take your time. We wings,
and remedy this state Of things, aud don't drive
matters 10 extremiies, and ruin your party and
country.
Our baltimore Correspondcs