The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1849-12-25

guffcepcy the expenditures OF the govolnmeub
IL viii be adopt measures for increasing
tie revenues and the most available means TO that end
to be found In raising the duties on impois I Ina
the Of the country will regulate the sppro
priations under existing circumstances, cannot be
doubted ,.., l.. A., ,-.,.,
with view, we'll to the necessary augmentation OF
m. revenue the encouragement Of industry, think
IL right present distinctly the views entertained on
the latter subject, in the hope tat may be
which may tend to harmopsxe tiscordant feelings and
promote the general prosperity.
l. entertain doubt Of the rightul power OF Ceu-
gress to regulate commercs and levy imposts and du
ties with the purpose of encouraging our own INDUS
try In selecting for ado ption of two proposed
rulstons ofrommerce, 1t would appear to be clearly
the right Congress to choose that which weuld
in its opinon be most sautsry the country in
Ire marner in laying imposts aud duties Il would
that the endervor ought to be TO regard the n-
Of the whoiipeople not as little but much as
Itis not quertion of assuming power not express
ly granted by the Constitution, the ground that
may tend TO tie attainment Of general end taerein
expressed Here the power TO regulate commerce. sad
the power &c levy and collect duties are expressly
given, and the only question io whether they ought or
ought not to be exercised With view TO the general
good.
pewtrs with any view would be misuse OF power,
and subversiye Of the Legitimate end OF government
fns no obligation written in the Constitution 10
lay taxas duties imPests ut the lowest rate that will
Weld the largest revenue.
Ifit were true that duty laid on given article
with view to encourage our own productions IS un
lawful because ii may operate, by dscurag ng impor
Il
beequally true every duty laid with that intent,
whether 1t were above below the maximum revenue
rete. But a unGer the power TO regulate commerce,
At il onpetent for Congress direct aud total
prohibition Of The importation Of article it can be
objection TO act lsyying duties that it may ope
rate in partially preventing Inn ion whether 1t
be wise just 10 levy duti-s is another question
What mean to say nos is that there Is no prohibition
OF 1t IL the constitution The proposition Id nain tan-
ed as universally true, that the express grant OF
power Congress pves to that body the righC OF
eisihg pever uch Ia It's opinion may
be most nducye 10 the advantage Of the country.
40 natahceS o. me eA.reise VI .De posr 81
impoIations except at desgnatrd ports the prohibi
lion Of the coastipg trads TO all foreign vessels, aud TO
all American vessels, not licensed and enrolled the
prohibition Of certain trade toforegn under the
Navigation act OF ol7 the prohibition of certain trade
u Antriecn vessels ~ the non.intercourse act and
Of all trade by the embargo act the drawbasS the
retxportation OF oIeigu goods finally the prohibition
zion OF sdulterated drugs into the
try. by TIE act OF Goth June. lois.
Under the poser to levy duties and imp ,ats,
refer the discriminating tonnage duties rseiga
vsfsels the dise inlunting duties thee cacgoes
preamble TO the first law imposing duties passed under
the consultations, and the ensctnients OF most OF tae
subsequent ones
These easements show that at most all periods of
our history the views which have expressed appear
to have been sustained and acted
II. Al legislation designed to favor particular
class the prejudice Of others mi particular
class the benefit of others il msIiestly wise and
unjust Nothing be more destructive Of the true
interests the country than such legislation except
the refusal OF really salutary legislation under
impression that t might ia class to
the prejudice OF others while in TACT the denial OF C
Injuries all classes and benefits nobody.
iii Aserery prod oer in one branch Of useful Indus
try is also consumer the products OF others aud
ss his ability depends upon the profits of
his production IL follows that to give prosperity to
branch OF industry is TO increase that Of the rest
Within each bIsuch Of industry there will be indi-
yidual riN airy but among the several branches
fu industry there must always exist urb oxen hsr-
mopy of interest
No country attain due strength prosperity
that does not by its own labor carry its own produc
tons nearly possible to the point necessary lit
them tor ultimate consumption To export its
material and emport the articles manufactured from
to tTa riala inn fha
articles manufactured from that Of another country is
to preterit the which nature has provided for
its Advancement.
For instance. we exported. during the fiscal year
ending GOth June 1sl9. law cotton to the value IF
about sixtys millions Of dollars II That cotton had
been spun aud woven NJ home (supposing It's value
be ncr,ased four fold by manuiacture) IL would
produced a value of about one huudred and ninety
eight millions addition. What would have been the
elect OF this Increased production on the property Of
the country!
This question would not be completely answered by
merely pronounciug the added value OF hundred
and ninety eight millions or dollars TO be large profit
to the uuiacturer more than the question OF the
effect Of the production Of Sheat would be by
dductg the cost Of seed wheat from the value Of the
crop. and pronouneipg The remainder to be a large
profit 70 the farmer.
The mar uiacture CT cotton cloth is begun with the
planting Of the cottonit is carried certain point
by the planter, and then taken up aud perfec By
the spinner and weaver Inc planter ana manutcturer
MT engaged In different branches OF Industry but
in the same-the one cumin.nees the process which
the other completes Cottoh iced OF usguidcsnt value
being by regular stages OF labor developed brought
to the form OF cotton cloth, lGs acquired value OF
about two hundred aud sixty -four millions.
The Planting States have added many millions to
the annual production Of the country by the culture
cotton ny containing the process they could quad
The planter would then have market nc bis door
for eli his produce ana the farmer would ia like
ntr have a home market for his The poser Of
sumption of not only lreadstuis but OF every article
ue'U necessary in the feeding, clothing GRd hou.-
& fman, would be vastly increased the consume.
and producer would be brought each Other
and In fact stimulus would be applied 70 every
bra eh OF productive industry.
10 IL gratifying q know that the manufacture q
cotton has already been introduced Into several OF the
acting Htes, (see document marked hereso
xed and 1t ought not to be doubted viii rapidly
be X'euded.
The nanuiasture Of iron wool and our other staples.
would lead TO similar results The effect would be
vas augmentation 1t our wealth and power.
Upon commerce. the effects might b. expected TO BE-,
npcnibs ttiil more marked IL IL not enough TO say
that no country oimiushed It's commerce. By In.
cIea.iDg ITS Production aud that no injury would
Therefore reulr TO that interest There would proba.
bly, be not only great increase in the amount, but
improvement not less important in the nature Of
OF the immense addition that would accrue to our
internal and ccHsting trade tshch In country
form tie great ana most valuable body Of commerce)
10 is unIeoe.sary 20 do more than merely speak In
passiug-but It may be wei. to ofIcr lew remarks ON
iortign coumeree
Commtrce l. the machinery % exchange IL "a the
bandmsid Of agriculture aud manufacturer IL wilt
not be sfrmo that 4 Is ever postvey inJuriou,bus
ltNil pc M OF less utoi a. co-opeiates note OF
lcs. with the productive Industry q the country The
mere carriage % commodities By land snscesss
ry prohtata only 10 the carrier. who paid for &C.
IL may be ueu net 60 others according TO crcum-
stances. The farmer nJts a railroad great cpoVe.
nisIcs but he undcrsands that tbs better employed
In carying bis crop than In carrying asay his seed
wheat snd manure.
The ctmm rec which should consist In carrying cot.
ton ed AbrC sd O. be there grown, would be
useful n at which g. occupied ia exporting the
cotton grown at home We sh )uld easily under
STAND. also, that the commerce thus employed would
BE- much more limited In amount and much less profit
able TO The than what have. Yet
present commerce i in fact Of the nature with
that above described The sssd bears TO the cotton
the relation which the cotton bears 90 the cloth
We export cotton Of the value Of about sixty six
m ions, the cotton, when converted into cloth,
would make export Of two hundred and sixty
four millions hundred and forty ave mill
Hons after deducting the fifteen twenty MILL 0ns
which would be required for consum pion. lin
addition TO the portion Of present manufactures
consumed az honey and eur imports would be thereby
in Ike manner incteAsed England NJ this moment.
L. 49,