The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1849-06-21
NATIONAL oUARD.

SHOWN Anmete0 sense OF duties, comprises
at present nearly 100000 100000 Of when
armed with muskets or light arms. 1t possesses 500
Inc orgamsation OF sVU osttaons Of dspossbls
the 22d July The reorganization Of the Gsrde
Mobile which was engaged for single year in ls4s has
quently saving Of 7,0oo,ooof
ARMY.
The army always faithful to Its honor and its duty
has continued by its firm and unfnching attitude, to
restrain the evil passions in the interior and to give
abroad just idea Of our power. We have now alto
gether under arms 451 900 and 90 horses We
have 495 guns Of every kind, of which 1870 in
bronze Our field pieces amount to $3.50 1t is to our
army that Algeria owes the peace which she enjoys.
certain agitation has been apparent among the Arabs
and the Kabyes but some well concerted and well
cuted operations have promptly restored order aud
sury, and our influence has increased The works of
the port Of Algiers and these which designed to
with the activity which the appropriations Of the
budget admit Of The state of the produce of this year
establishment and dsveIopement Of the asrisutura
colonies continued with zeal and perseverance,
flag respected in every sea- is composedOf the active
sailing fleet comprising 10 ships of the line frigates
lscorvettes, "a briggs II transports, and "A light yes
sells Of the active steam fleet comprising IA frgates
| Is corvettes and "a despatch boats Besides the
| active fleet, there are advanced ships and ships
shortest notice 1t is composed of ten ships of the
line, fifteen sailing igates ten steam frigates six
steam coryettes and six mail steamers To these
vessels there required $50 officers Of all ranks not
including cadets and an effective OF seamen not less
the bosom colonial society which has on the
solid basis OF civil and political equality To the bene
sation Of indemnity to the planters An equitable d.
vision will prove is to be hoped an element of peace
labor and prosperity As far as It Is possible CON
hopes to maintain intact the naval and colonial estab
| lishments, until 1t can propose an improvement and
| further Development to the Legislative Assembly
| AGRICULTURE, INDUSTRY AND COMMERCE.
Agriculture, that source Of all wealth. has been
Since the Goth Of February last twenty farming
schools have been opened Added to the twenty. five
schools Of the kind which existed before, they form
the first step in agricultural instruction Some
Of these schools will be established The institutions
Of Sauslae and Grand Jouard have assumed the rank
OF district schools They are now establishments Of
the State according to the law Of the Sd of October
The administration has caused itself to be put in pos
session Of the farms in the little park of Versailles
which intended for national agricultural institu-
ton 122 agricultural societies. and than 800 mi
institutions have taken part in the distribution of
the funds which voted for the of
agriculture. According to the decree Of the 18th Of
study of the question of agricultural colonies. The
government wished to discover the most eficacious
means OF assisting the la6oring classes by inducing
tatipg the example Of other countries the documents
relating to which have been coected) to make OF
the profits arising from waste lands for the advantage
ofthc poor The organisation of the national studs
has been greatly modified by the decree of the 18th
| ing AL the establishments which depend on that
branch of industry, aud which once thought their
proper level The judicous of the credit of $780,
ooof which were allowed for remounting the cavalry
| mas promoted tnls result. Inc remOunC5 nave never
been SO considerable and splendid during this
year The supply Of food in the country is satsfac-
tory; the harvest Of ls4s though less abundant than
| that which preceded it, is more than sufficient
to meet the wants Of the country. The
turns Of the condition of the growing crops are
very favorable 1t is comfort, amidst all trials to
find in the abundance Of produce hope of cheap food
for population The exhibition of objects indus
try which exercises favorable influence business,
opened the 4th of June The former number of ex-
hibtors $685. their present number Is above 40O0
The execution Of the law on the Of work
men continues and 0pprOacheS its end. 900 caima
which were made to the Trade Department only so
still under consideration; 292 OO0f have been allowed
to ~ associations out of vote Of 900 O0Of The
sulting and commercial committees about to be
tablished on another basis. The foreign trade Of
France amounted. in 1847, to total of mlliards and
614 millions. 343 millions Of these were imports, and
121l millions were exports Sorely tried by political
witnessed considerable decrease in French commerce.
An exact computation Of that has yet
made for the administration ofths custom house
as yet determine the exact amount though there
be no doubt but that the supposed will be consider
fallen greatly The iron trade has sunk from o5 ga tons
to 65b3 tons; Goals from 2173O00 to 17o6 900 tons
Wool from lbs 900 to 80 se2 cwt silk from 5000 to
be accurately judged by the custom house returns
In 1s47 the monthly average number IL ocO o0Of
was S,700O00f March and the next three months
showed n steady decrease down to 6OOO,OoOf Tho
average number Of July, August, and September,
to little above 5000 6O0f and finally the last three
months of the presented average of 5000 0OO
that to say double that Of the most agatad months
1t is that the course of the last three months
and in proportion as the country approached the regu
lar and dehnitive constitution Of power, the improve
ment in trade and public confidence went steadily
increasing. This influence told especially upon
exports Almost every article had in the first half year
experienced severe losses The increase and extension
Of bounties decree Of the 10th of June lS4 impaired
an activity which lasted to the end Of the year. when
most articles returned to their level and wines
brandy. silks, and Hen) had risen If compared
with lS4s. But this improvement is most strongly
months Of lS49 IL the difference is not so striking in
January and February Tin comparison with the same
months in ls4s) decided advantage will be found
the side OF March and April 1S49. in imports well
as in exports Thus Ito quote but few Of these arti
Giles which support native industry, cotton
April to Il millions of kilogrammes, instead Of l3
coal, to 6G7 600 TONS instead Of 447,Oo0 WOOL
to 1906 cwt, instead of 21,4so; raw sugar to
26 millions If kogrammes instead Of Is indigo
to $4,000 kilogrammes instead of 1856 900;
100000 logrammes, instead Of sos 600 and the return
of the total receipts of the Customs on the 3Oth of
April, 1s49, amounted to 10000 OOOf, Instead of to
267s7 000f in April ls49. That this amelioraton con-
tnued in May in spite Of the agtatons which troubled
that months proved by return exceeding that of May
ls47 by millions and half and by the fact that
Paris has seen the amount oits EXPORTS compared like
lions The decree which for the time the
o. b1untes on exports having ceased and from tho
our exports would fall of from that date and that this
legislative measure would lost in 1918 the prodts
o. 1ssg M0tih,1i9f the kind has happened spun
marked increase The may be said OF our refined
sugar our curekins, glasP, &C. In short the condi-
ton of French trade precarous throughout part
1t4s II improved towards the end Of the year, and
since the commencement Of 1s40 it has been steadily
progressing This aresu which gives present advan
tages aud hope flor the future The questions penal
reform prison labor are bound with the interests Of in
dustry Each Of these systems have been subjected to
special examination strenuous efforts have b. made
to reestablsh discipline, and the administration
ptcnlly occupied with the idea of perhaps making
agriculture play part in the organization Of convict
labor.
The number Of county prisons Is. ..."........ 400
OF central depots. ................... 81
OF houses OF correction for juvenile Offenders .. IL
Agricultural colonies founded by the Government.
Agricultural colonies under private direction. :. z
445
In January 1sfs the number Of prisoners in
the county prisons was. .26,653
In the central depots. Observation-Disclosures. .177S9
In the establishments for juvenile offenders. 5000
1902
There in France above 1900 public establish
ments for the sick, the aged and for children The