The Hillsborough recorder. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1820-1879, 1849-01-03

: .enators fTem he smaller S.aies; and yt
) none. il i presumed. are PIePared 10 DIN,
! 10 him The exercise sf the power undo
! the constitution.
BuI IL j.. ~ poini 81 fzri. untrue that n
: ART raised hy Congress IS sOErlnsi,e Ell
denre that il j. N emanaii"n a. lie pnp
. ular VIII. A n,ajority oI Ilr whole mum
her elechd 10 rarh hnnse ni Grncrrss ron
J sliluies qnnram. and = mainriiy Of lha
quorum i competent 70 pass laws.
might happen ,hst quorum 81 the Iiorr'
&c Representative. consisting &c sinsi,
member mare Than half.f Tie Whole mum
her elected In thai llnnse. micht pass /;
bill by majority 81 single vote. AMI ia
Inst ease fraction mere Than one fourth q
The people of the uniied States would D,
represented By ihnse Who voted for il. d
might happen thai The same bill might b,
passed by majority Of one, 81 quo.
rum Of The Senate. composed .f senator.
from The fifteen smaller States. and sin,
gle senator from sixteenth State. and i
The senator's voting lar il happsned 10 IN
from The eight 81 tie smallest nliliere state,
i, would be pssscdbs tile votes oi sensI0rs
from States ll.ting hui fourteen Ieptesrn-
isIives in the liousr Of Representatives.,
and containing less Than onc.sixpenih oi
HE whole population 81 The United States.
The extreme rase is slated Ia illustrate
tie fact, il,al ille mere passage If a ball hy
Congress is no conclusive evidence that
those Who passed il represent The majnr-
iIy Of The people Il The United States, or
truly refec. ll.eir will. II such an ex-
irene case j. mol likely TO happen, eases
ihai approximate il are of constant occur.
renee. Ii 10 believed tina, not single law
has been passed since the adoption af lhe
constitution. upon which all lie members
elected 10 both houses have been present
and voted. MANY of The most important
aeis whnh have passed Congress have
been carried by close vote 10 ihin houses.
Many instances Of Ibis nigh, be given.
Indeed, ouI experience proves Tia, many
nf the most lmpoflsn, acts Of Congress
are postponed To The last days. and often
the last hours OF a Session. when they are
disposed Of in haste, and hy houses b.,
llnle exceeding The number necessary 10
iOrm quorum.
/ Besides, in most Of thr States the mem.
bers of The House OF Representatives are
chosen by pluraliiics. and NOT by MAORI
lies nf all lie voters in their respective dis
iricis; and Is may happen that majority
Of that House may be returned by less
aggregate vote az The people Than that re.
ceived by The minority.
II the principle insisted on be sound,
the constitution should be 80 changed that
no bill shall become law unless il is ro-
ted for hy members representing in esc',
House majority Of The whole people OF
the Unied States. Nc mus, remodel our
whole syslem. strike down and abolish
not only The sanlary cheeks lodged in lhe
executive branch. but must suke on and
abolish those lodged in the Senate also,
and thus practically invest The whole pow
or Of The government in majority Of =
single sesemhly--a majnriiy uncontrolled
and absolute. and which nav become des-
poric. TO conform 10 This ,Ioc,rire Of the
righ, Of maloriiies 10 rule, Independent, Of
the cheeks aud limitations OF The cnnsiilu.
lion. We must treyolu,ionize our whole
system. We must destroy the consilu j.
tiona compact BY which the several States
agreed 10 firm federal Union. and rnsh
into consolidation. which mus, end in mon
arrhy or dpspolism. No enc advocates
such propositions; and We, the doctrine
maintained, If carried OUT, must lead TO
this result.
One great object Of The constitution in
comforting upon the Presiden, qualified
negative upon the legislation Of congress.
was to protect minorilIes from injustice
and oppression by majorities. The equal
lily Of their representation in the Senate.
and the veto power Of the President. are
the constitutional guarantees which the
smaller States have tina, their rights will
be respected. Without these guarantees,
all their interests would be al the mercy
Of majorilies in Congress representing
the larger States. To the smaller sn,.
weaker States, therefore. the presefsati n
of this power, and lis exercise upon pro-
per occasions demanding it. is OF vital i'm.
| p'uance. They ratified the constitution,
and entered into the Union, securing TO
themselves an equal representation with
the larger States III the Senate; and they
agreed TO be bound by all laws passed by
Congress upon The express conditions. and
none other, that they should be approved
!! by The President. OF passed, his objections
To the contrary notwithstanding. by vote
of lwo-ihr,ls Of both houses. Upon this
condition they have right 10 insist. as
par, Of the compac, to which they gave
/ their assent.
| A bill might be passed by Congress
against the will Of the whole people OF 2
particular Stale, and against the votes ofi:s
senators and all its representatives. How
ever prejudicial il nigh, be 10 Tie interest
&c such State. ii would be bound by i, il
The preSdsnr shall approve il. or it should
ne passeI hy a vote Of TWO thirds Of both
houses; but il has right TO demand that