New-York daily tribune., 1849-02-19
Chemistry In its Relation TO A AsricuIture.
DR. AsTIsELL's EiGHTH LECTURE.

-7-~'- - As-1c-stsll r-lr--l
Dr.. AsTIsELL's Eighth Lecture was given on
Friday evening dis subject was ihe formation and
ton Of ihose M.nur>s which have the property Of
mentation. Iae portion Which fsrmen;s 10, generally
speaking, De observed. Of animal origin at all events,
II not derived 10 some way directly from organ.zsd De-
iDzs Il Is Ae Eek, thing H. coming from some vege-
tston which has very high power Of fermeniston.-
The great type Of animal Manure q fsTmyard manure
which Is I und 10 contain the srester part OF the
ss,s originally entering into the comPositon OF tne
soil Farm manure contains - per cent OF "a'er-so
thst II We take 100 pounds ard dry them down, TIE
solid matters remaining vii be found - weigh only -
poands This residue is Ihen discovered 10 De OF a
OmpOVD0 nature
n t.ke animal matter Ia is simplest form As or
einsry lean rnest-the muscle Of the OK or cow-~e
ind there are - paris Of water IN 100 with - per
cent OF ash Beside this amount Of water and $50,
there is 2f per cent % wheat Is termed G1tn1t maj
iers 10 tnese there il large proportion Of Nitrogen
and by the action Of one upon the other Ammonia -
found and s evolved ~ the process OF pgtreiacton-
When sny vegetable substance fernents, ammonia -
given OF, accompanied BY considerable degree OF
heat
Beside this. the blood of animals has composition
very sIaos aesh-the later f-rng only N losing
nail part OF its water and containing iriae more
OF solid matters while the only difference IN the
sctiOn Of the upon the soil IT, that the blood from
its hquicity, decompOses more quickly BLOOD 10 used
estensively as manure In the Norm Of france ana 10
other > aces where II Il not employed for manuihctur
ing purposes. When used sgricultursyt u u seneraly
10 the form OF = compost soaked IN with some solid
matter This is generally Peat, which = capable, when
the blood ferments Of being itself set IN fermentation
and adding si!ll 20 the fertility Of the land.
substance analogous % the nesn OF animals 10 sn
refuse item particularly applicable to the farming
Interest Of Long Island between which and the action
of ssh upon the soil tnere Is difference. In Their
chemical composition slsO there "a no essential differ
eDce-althou.h fish parts with Ire Ammonia much the
more readily.
There il another animal substance which demands
attention, continued the sPesker) and which %
perhsps important than any other, VIZ the B0He
Of snimals-whch, de rived IN the animal from much
the process the blood. found 70 be com
posed mainly Of the same substances Bone contains
10 per cent Of water and IN this Il differs slightly from
both iosh and blood Gluten is exactly Identical with
that animal matter Of bones 10 which has been given
the name Of Gelatns OF gelatnous tissue, and which
may be readily separated By the process Of burning
after which only half the former substance remains
composed altogether Of saline substances the eject OF
the hre being drive OF al the animal matter and the
water
Keeping 10 snima substances. continued the Doctor
we tDd Guauo, the refuse Of sesoirds 40 the pen
gums the abstross the BOBBY etc He then went INTO
detailed panEi0n OF the modes and principles OF
the formation Of this useful unct Of farm operstons
with its frequent sdnliernons By the sdmiXture Of
white marbles and cisys aud even powdered bricks
The sdret and most mode OF testing rs purity
cODsldered - be- simply burning a small pOrOuVhen
Il adulterated white ssh will be formed He thought
tnst there Is crop which the application Of Guano
wi not sbundsnuy pay whether !; be- green or any
other kndsnd tnst As general result onethlrc more
produce may be ob,sined Of the ground where itis
poyeo than By the Of any other erzing substance
From this the Doctor advertd briefly 10 the efficacy
Of Bonedust prepared by sulphUric acid, which ne
considered excellent for the Turnip crop and thence
passed TO consideration Of the merits Of liquid ma
nures-but for farther notice have no room-The
Lecture will be upon the Fertilizers OF Mineral
origin Lime, Msgnesia, Mari, &C.