Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1841-1853, 1849-10-25
Annexnrion OF Canndn.

Annexation Of Cauada.
The Montreal Herald in an able article on the COM
parative advantages to Canada, of annexation with
the United States the hand and on the other
Of Federal Union of the British Provinces, with
independence both of Great Britain and The United
States pronounces the rmer TO be the only probable
remedy for the evils Of its present condition. We
quote the substance Of the article, promising that the
Montreal herald is of the nbest and most infu-
entail of the Canada journals:
II we should establish federation tomorrow, in
order To find sumo business for the General Govern
ment to do, in order To prevent such institution
from becoming useless mOckery that Of the
GOvernor-Generashp, under present system, "
should have 10 obtain from Great Britain the right
to treat with independent nations independent
State. The cost of maintaining the army aud navy
would be necessarily thrown upon US, as coGse-
quence; for it would be absurd to suppose that
could be permitted TO quarrel on own account,
and that Great Britain would bear the brunt of the
contest
We say, then, that Federal Union and Indepen-
dence are inseparable, and we proceed to show how
much less advantageous that arrangement would be-
than The Union with Southern neighbors The
expenses Of Government in of Federal Union
would be divided into two parts, that which belongs
the of Local State Government and that
which belongs 10 the Federal Government. In Can
ada at present. pay only the first set of expenses
Great Britain pays all those other charges, which in
the United States are borne by the Federal Govern
ment. and would have to be borne by the Federal
Government la Of a Union of the Provinces.
BY Federal Union, therefore, we nothing of
sources Of expense, which should incur by annex
alton IT Is easy TO show that these expenses would
be vastly greater in the former than in the lat
ter. We hove two millions of people in British
North America. Joined to the u. s. should form
a nation of about 240U0000. But the two millions
in order to the maintenance of n thorough system OF
diplomatic relations abroad, would require many
Ambassadors and Consuls, would be necessary for
the %. The millions would have 70 To all
the cost OF paying for President, instead of paying
an eleventh Part Of the of such functonary
for the %. The two millions must keep up a great
variety of other civil establishments, in the same
way and out of their own resources, instead Of slar
ing the burden with ten times their number.
Lastly the army and navy must either be manifest
ly useless, or it must be equally powerful with that
army and navy, with which it would probably have
TO Contend in case of war. The nation with which
the NORTH American Union would have TO dread col
lison, would clearly be the United States therefore
army would either be utterly incapable of afford
ing protection, it must be numerous theirs.
Two millions of population, then, must 90 to the
expense twenty millions or else waste all
the outlay IN useless furm, whereas by union with
the twenty millions, which would diminish the
cessary cost of the present military establishments
maintained by the larger population the same pro-
So far, then, 1t is evident that the items of in
creased expense rendered necessary by change.
would be intellectually greater in the Of a Fed
eral Union. than IN that of Annexation. lie US
what would be The advantages. The great advanta-
ges to be looked for IN either case arise from
larged markets for produce-an increased field
for our future industrial enterprises. Now Fede-
raj Union with the British Provinces would add, If
they were all customers only, five hundred thousand
people 10 our commercial system. Of our two sta
plies, lumber and bTeadsius these five hundred thou
sand people would require nothing but breudstufs.
But annexation To The United States would add twen-
ty millions commercial system would give
US markets wherever railroad, canal going ship,
or pack-horse could transport our present produce
aud would open the regions
features, protected from foreign competition by a
high difeential tariff. Instead of taking our bread
stuffs only, this immense population would, every
year, require more and more of the produce of our
forests. while the funds which came here in return
would accumulate till they grew into capital, and
were renvested in the manufacture of fresh sources
of profit. Finally the Federal Union would give no
privileges TO our Canadian vesses-steamers or 9th
erwise-which they do not now possess; and annex
alton would give free entry to our craft in every
water of the Continent.
The contrast is succincty stated, but think it
is sufficiently striking to induce any who reflects
upon it give up the Federal Union, and ceave to
the larger, and better measure.
The Montreal Gazette propounds the scheme for
cutting Canada into three States for annexation to
the United States
/. The State of Canada West. TO include the
whole of Upper Canada down to the foot of Lake
Ontario. The population of this would be exclusive
ly English. with the exception of fifty sixty
thousand French, scattered over it settled near
Detroit.
2. The State of Canada East. to include the dis
tricts of Quebec and Three Rivers with the excep-
ton Of some Of the southern townships. The popu-
lation Of this would he almost exclusively French,
with the exception Of Quebec where the Irish labor
ing classes pretty numerous but go with the
French-tke mercantile classes having no political
influence, and indeed being quite apathetc.
3. The State of Central Canada, TO consist OF the
Ottawa District, and of that portion of Upper Cana
da which lies between the Ottawa and the ST. Law
renee of tie District Of Montreal and of that of ST.
Francis, leaving to Canada East the bordering parish
of purely French character. and taking on the
south the townships of British law and settlement
MONTREAL, Octo6er 10.-A declaration in favor
of annexation TO the United States has been drawn
up. and in the short space Of FIVE hours received the
signatures of 300 Of first merchants, land-hold-
ers and professional men, including two members OF
Parliament and two of the Queens Council
0ErThe Louisville Journal brags the appoint
ment Of Major Gaines of KY, to supercede Lane as
Governor of Oregon, eridence of the disposition
of the Taylor Regency to reward the heroes of the
Mexican war. The Journal is certainly Joking Of
the expense of the regency, for the New Albany Led
ger had just reminded it of the fact, that Lincoln
who offered the place before Gaines got it, ''was
of the fourteen who in Congress voted against
granting supplies Of snd money to the American
army in Mexico. Yet at the very hour when Lincoln
/ ~. I G.. H.