The Camden journal. [volume] (Camden, S.C.) 1836-1851, 1848-11-08

might be derived from the purchase OF soihe
other kind Of manure.
In the neighborhood Of cities, where sup
ply can be obtained without so much adul'
teration, its use may be made very protlta-
bic.
Turning in Green Crops.-This plan OF
"renovating worn-out lands,' has long been
advocated by many. have given it fair
trial; and with the exception of CLOVER as
The green crop, little advantage has resulted
from its adoption: very poor land, without
some cxtraneous aid, will not produce a
green crop worth the turning in. 1t qnes-
lionab!e, whether The same amount OF time
and labor (supposng the occupant without
The means to purchase manure of any kindly
could not be better employed on such land,
in adding to his stock of manure, by COM
posts, prepared from dccaying vegetable
matter, alluval soil, &c. g., abounding more
or less on all farms. lflhe land possess ler-
,i,y TO produce sufficient clover for pasture
the use of plaster either without, or certain
" ,oiM good management, makes it yield
luxuriant crop. Bat it should be borne in
mind, that TO improve in this way. little NOW
ing, and less Pas'uring must be permitted.
The land is not only benefited by what is
turned IN, but is also materially aided in the
process of renovation, by what is left ont,
and on the surface; to shield and protect the
soil from parciling sun. prevent throwing
out the clover roots by the winter frost. and
washing away Of the soil, by heavy dashlng
rains.
This brings to mind another matter though
perhaps not strictly ''in the bargain but
which is of much more importance than
many seen TO be aware OF; and as yet only
incidentally alluded to. II is the preserra-
tim of the land after it is renovated. from
washing away ofihe soil, and into guIles,
and "gacd places" as they arc called: this
is best done by regular water furrows made
with the bar-share plough, and throwing the
earth on the lower side. will attempt
brief description ofmy plan Of operations;
but without a diagram, snme may possibly
be at lnss.
The points 10 commence at are dctcrmIn-
cd bv the eye; a cheap spirit level, costing
but trfle. will soon give the termination
with precision, and the proper inclination.
The ~ orator takes station some so or 100
yards distant from the designated pion'; the
assistant. having the staff, with a movable
target, and also bundle of stakes, some
to feet hong, place one in the ground, ard
bv its side raises the staff and moves the tar
get up or dnwn. To range with sight from
The level: the target is then raisca 6 inches
and confined bv screw; the assistant
walks seventeen steps and raises his
staff; the operator bv merely turning hl'
level, and not otherwise varying It's po-
sltpn. soon determines the paint for the
second stake, by the assistant moving the
staff, backwards or forwards, (kceplng his
distance from The first stake) until the target
again ranges with the level; then set another
stake and raising the targ", six inches at each
station. throughout the field. One position
for the level, If selected with judgement,
will serve for 8 or 10 sights; they should be
taken in aduuncc. and on nr near the suppos-
ed line ofthc Iurrow. With a little practice
tie levelIing is done very cxpcdI'lnuslv, and
by any person of ordinary capacity. When
ready for the plough, The levcIlcr walks be-
fore it, (he pIousIIman guided by his steps
picks up the stakes as they arc reached, and
# necessary by much inequality in tho land.
wares the lime little between The stakes,
still more to preserve the level.
This gives uniform escape for all surplus
wafer with regular fall Of about one foot
in a hundred. My experience has proved,
that if the burrows are not tho far apart, lone
for each fall IF 5 to 6 feet will generally s'lt-
fice) they effectually prevent washing; and
the gradual descent OF the water does not
form guIIics They arc made directly after
secd& whcat--are as carefully attended to
as thsjseeding ilseIf-and remain open unit!
the land is again broken up. They are val
liable on all lands liable to wash, and have
ma,cria y aided in my efforts in "renova'ing
worn-o and" All the unsightIy "gulllcs
and gaiIcdRlaccs" have disappeared.
Rotation ofSerQps.--This is also subject
of Importance; aud it is also one on which
much adversely II opinion exists. Nothing
short Of The cnncurEnt testimony OF neigh
borhopd, will eslhblisb one plan as the best:
We, in another, a different one has equally
strong advocates: for in some sections OF tie
country "rhc three field shift" is pretcrre;;
in another, five; and third will adopt the
six or seven field rotation. Different "localI-
ties" and other circumstances may perhaps
by good grounds for this variety of opinion.
But as general rule, /, is believed that where
the latter mode is adopted, or nearly so, other
circumstances being equal, the farming IS
better done, is more profitable, and the lands
more permanently, # not more rapidly I'M
proved: close pasturing, and "renova,ng
worn out lands,' may do in theory, but are
not very likely to succeed in practice. The
seven field rotation, certainly admits of a
better opportunity to benefit by the aId OF
the artificial grasses; aud whenever they can
be succcssf ulinyokcd, the good work is more