New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1848-12-06

and rrUt..T AnF arf 1T. fIr states lII.s |.H
snf Congress cannot deprive them Cf To- Tae pruq.r
of Georgia might f thry chosf. so s.t.r if,.r cnn.
s-frf1n as o. st.fsh slavery v..n itf l.rs ard fhr
tr1glr oi kerm0 90 mi gft 81 utr teir constitution
~ ,am.t slavery within IL limits R.if states would
possess the right though al know. 10 b. uot probable
that either vu-d cNert q
IL fortunate Tor the pescc and harmony 0 the MON
thsf This question !. n .fs n.ture temporary snt csu
only rrntale frr fhe brief peri d which viii Intervene
b.. rr,, Cs i1fris and Ses Mexico may b. admitted a
states INTO The Union From the tide 90 population
now iowlng into them u - hishy probable m" ~.
will soon occur
Considering the several states and the citizens o the
several states equals and entitled O. equal rslis -n
der ,he constitution. b tn.s were an ors.na Qaesi a
u might Vel be- Insisted on tfai the principle 30 non
irtrrerencs . the true doctrine snt thsi Congress
cou not n the absence OF suy express grant 90 Po"
I cr Interfere with their relative rtght Upon great
emergency however and under nenscing dangers o.
the ni0n the Missouri comprom-c lns no respect o
slavery was adopted The same Alc wss cNtcntei
farther west n the acquisition % rryss
AFTER an acqIcscencc 0f nearly thirty years n the
principle Of compromise cosuzed nod establishes BY
cheese acts sri ~ avoid the Danger Oh 'hg Jni0n which
. might follow IL twe-e now fsregarfct rRve hereto
fore expressed he opaon thst that Inc c comqrumls'
should be- extended ihc parallel of thirty sN fc-r'fs
I thirty minutes from che western boundary oi ltNas
where t NV terminates to tle Pacific ocean. This r
the middle ground of cCmprouisc aFon Nhica tle 90
f--nut sections Ot Che Iu.Un may meet they have
heretofore met % this be- done 5, j. confidently De-
leved large maory Of ihe people oi evcry section
of tire country however widely their abstract opinions
ire subject % slavery may AIrfr. would tntrffN.f
snd patrotcaiy acquiesce IN % snd peace and hsro
/ uy would again i Cur borders
The restriction north O- tfr inc was cr Weld . %
/ n the case OF Missouri snd Texas upon principle of
compromise made necessary Tor the -o of preserving
the harmony and possibly the existence uf the Union
10 was upon these considerations that 20 the close &C
your last session gave my sanction 90 The principe of
/ the Missouri compromise line. ly approving tui sisn
~. the bin 20 establish the Territorial government ot
/ Oregon From sincere desire 90 preserve The hsr-
m0ny of the Union and n teiercnce Dr Zoe acts of my
/ predecessors felt constrained % yct my tclacs
cence % the extent % which they hat gone n conpro
missing this delicate and dangerous question. But %
Congress shall now reverse the decision by which The
Missouri compromise was elected. and shall propose
extend the restriction the whole territory south
As well ~ north Of the parallel Of thrtysiN degrees
thirty minutes il viii cease o. be- compromise and
| must be regarded -inal question
% Congress. instead OF observing the course of non
Interference leaving the adoption OF their own dones
tic Institutions % the people who may inhaot these
Territories or H. instead Of extending the Missouri
compromise line 20 the Pacnc shall prefer 70 submit
the legal sni constitutional questions which may arise
o. the decision OF the judicial tribunals was proposed
a bin which passed the senate NJ your last session
an adjustment may be effected On THIS mode. II The
whole subject De- referred the Judiciary a parts oi
the Union should chceriully scluiescc n the final Dc
csion of the tribunal created by constitution for the
settlement OF all que sons which arise under the
constitution treaties and laws of the United states
Congress IL earnestly invoked for the sake of the
tnion rs harmony and our continued prosperity ss
nation % adjust It's present session this the only dan
serous question which lies In psth-f not IN some
of the modes suggested, In some other which may
/ Dr. satisfactory
ln anticipation of the csab shmcn of regular govern
ments over acquired territories iont commission
0t officers of the army aud navy has been ordered a.
proceed T. the coast Of California and Oregon Tor the
purpose of making rcc0HHOissgacss and report
the proper sites the erection of fort sons 9th
er defensive works land ana Of suitable situaiOns
for naval stations The Information which may be- *.
Dccted from scientific and sailui examination 81 the
whole face Of the coast will be- emnenty useful 90
l WIN ID az
making appropriations for these great national objects
Proper defences lend will be necessary tor the
ry and protection OF our possessions and tho estlh
snmen, Of navy yards and dock tor the pair and
construction OF vessels viii be important alike to
navy and commercial marine. without such establish
nents every vessel whether Of the navy Of The
chant service requiring repair must great expense
round Cape Horn 10 one of our Atlantic ysldtior
that purpose With such establishments. vesseis it j.
believed may be- built or repaired As chespy In Caltor
MIA ~ upon the Atlantic coast. They would give I'm
poymeut 20 many OF enterprsng shipOuiidrrs and
mechanics aud greatly facilitate and enlarge our com
merce in the Pacific
As il Is ssccrtainod That mines of gold silver copper
and aurksilver eXi.t IN New Mexico end California
aud that nearly I'll the lands where they found be-
long the United states Il deemed important 10 the
public interests that provision should be- made Tor age
illogical and meteorological examination ui these
gons. Measures should be adopted b. preserve the
mineral lands especially such contain the precious
metals for the OF the United States 10 brought
into market q separate them from the farming lands
and dispose of them IN such a 90 seizure
large OF money 10 the treasury and the
time lead 20 the Development OF their wealth hy ini.
vdusl propretors and purchasers To Do this it will
boz necessary provide for immediate survey aud
location Of the lots II Congress should deem 10 proper
To- sposc of the mineral lands they should be- sold la
small quantities, and az nxed minimum price.
recommend that surveyor generals offices be au
thorzed 20 be- established IN New Mexico amt Cafor
na and provision made Tor surveying aud bringing the
public lands into market AT the earliest practicable ye.
Rod In dspOsng of these lands recommend that
the right Of presumption be secured and liberal grants
made to the early emigrants who have settled may
settle upon them.
Il will be important TO extend laws over
these Territories and especially over California at an
early period There Is already considerable com |
merce with California and until ports Of entry shall
b. established and collectors appointed can |
BIZ received.
Il these and other necessary and proper measure. |
be- adopted for the development Of the wealth and
sources OF New Mexico and California, and regular
Territorial governments be established them |
such viii probably be the rapid enlargement Of our
and navigation and such the addition % the
national wealth, that the present generation may live 10
witness the controlling commercial and monetary pow
or of the world transferred from London and other |
European emporums 70 the City OF New York
The approximations which were entertained by som
OF in the earlier periods Of the Govern
ment, that system was Incapable OF operating with
sufficient energy and success largely extended ter
rtoral lmts and that II this we're attempted q would
fall q pieces by it, weakness have been diss pated
by experience. by the divlsOn of power between
the and federal government the latter found
the IL Il efficient In the Of the thirty
states which compose the Union, Il was 10 the
thirteen states which formed the constitution Indeed
10 may well be doubted whether II present pOpula
ton bad been confined within the limits 81 fho orr anal
thirteen states the tendencies % centraz ration anc
Consolidation would not have been such as have en-.
cruached upon the essential reserved right. II the
states and thus % have made the federal government
widely different one, practically, from what BE- Ia
theory and was intended - be- BY IL trainers 20 far
ire entertaining spprehensions Of the safety IT
sys by the eNtension Of territory the belief
uty entertained that each State gives
sire lh and additional guaranty Tor the preserys.
tol u the gnlonlt-ct
In pursuance " the provisions 0 the thirteenth Arii
Gle of the treaty 0f peace. friendship limit. and settle
with the republic of Mexico. and 81 the act Of
July the twenty ninth. l-l-. claims Of our citizens
which had been already hq1ds,ed and decided against
the Mexican republic amounting with the interest
thereon o. to million twenty three thousand eight
hundred and thirty tw0 dollars and my cents have
been iqgifsted and paid There remain . ba pad ~
these claims seventy four thousand one hundred aud
ninety two dollars and twenty six cents
Congress a is ssi session having made no prOvis GA
Tor executing the fifteenth article 0t the trs-,y By
which the United states % make sstsfacti8n
Tor the "unliquidated claims ut our citizen. against
Mexico, b. amount not exceeding three and quar-
ter millions of dollars the subject Il sgsn recon