New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1848-12-06

A''' ~ 5'u '' '"Iaii'nA o tnat leirtmJri Tor the
10 f.. .n,nyiu. o. fri ,se revenues o. The dep.r,.
mrn'f .nirf tie rates ot postage nos established IS
LAYS, g. oiy Increasing The gross amount .i poet
scss 14ra- The asi a-cs year amounted to four fl
lion tofee hundred sud serertyon thousand and se
ven DO ar- exceeding ne auuua average received for
tc tf t.t.s lg InDli+''If pf'rrd ~ fAe p+-l-e 0I
tlc 30 az ih n rl ID Nsrrt I-i- b. the sun of -x
teuussn1 four hundred add Guy three dollars and
cec1L- tl. amount received far t-e year ending The
fIrte-i Df iune I- 80 oy fhe sum t four nIld- ald
t"enty Owe ito.sand one alnd cd All eighty our Dol
The cSpcnd iures for the year excluding ttc sum Of
ninety fouf thousand -x hundred ana seventy 'w d'
srs alwc- By Congress AZ fs st session g. Individual
claimants. and Including the suu of one hundred thou
sand aga l.afred lo4rs paid for che services of the
I lnr of STEAMERS hetaccn Bremen and N-eYork
amounted o. four millions one hundred and niI'y eight
Thousand ci-ht hundred snd forty I'VE dosrs ahi.n
ices tae ANNUAL average for me n.nc ye.rs previous
o fre rrt az 1885, ~ three hundred thousand sereu
| b 1nGrt0 and f.rfy eight dollars
The mail routes the 31th day ~ June last we're
one hundred aud sixty three thlusand two hundred
sn4 ,i ~ m ~ 10 eytcntbelnr increase during Che
sa' year of thousand ihree hundred and ninety
n..... The mails were transported over them during
to same time. forty one millions twelve thousand i've
truflll and seventy nine miles making an increase
of Tramp ration for Joe year oi tFo millions one hun
d-'d and Te MS -four th1ussId six hundred and eF-y
miles while tho expense Jess than that 0f tho pre-
r.aus year oy four thousand two hundred and thirty
ON. doUars
The increase Foo the mai transportation within The
] .
f"re0tyristt tfousaud three hundred and Ten mles
wtfr fhe expenses were reduced four hundred sn1
L'tFsix thousand seven hundred and thirty eight do
lar-s1ing increase Of service az the oi fifteen
ger cent and reduction LOO the expenses # more than
| lifelr per cent
During the past year there have been employed uu.
der contracts with the PostOfce Department TWO
oce an steamers 10 conveying the mails monthly be-
tween Sew York and Bremen and one, since October
it.t performing semi monthly service between Charles
ton and Havana and contract has been made for the
f.ff Inn. mail he hmm
from ChagrDs % Panama
Under the authority given 20 the Secretary 81 the
Navy three steamers have been constructed and
sent o. The Pacific and expected b enter upon the
mail service between Panama and Oregon, and tee u-
t.rfne iltc pOrts, the ist Ol January next ADD
fourth has been engaged by him for the service between
Havana and Chagres 60 that regular monthly mail
line vii be kept up after that time between the uniied
states and our territories 90 the Pacific.
Matchmaking this great increase in the mail SER
vice should tine continue % increase the pres
year it did in the last there viii be- received
SflUO0O more than the expenditures
These considerations have satisfied the Postmaster
General that with certain notifications Of the act o.
1875 the may be- stl farther increased and
reduction Of pOsiages made 20 uniform rate OF five
cent. withoutan interference with the principle, which
has been constantly and properly enforced Of making
that department sustain itself
A welldgested cheap postage system is the beet
means of dIhusiDg Intelligence among the people, and
is of e. much Importance IN country extensive
that Of the United States that recommend 20 your
favor able consideration the suggestions of the Osnas
ter General for lbs employment
Nothing retard the onward progress Of coun.
Try aud prevent from assuming and main sinng the
hr-t among nations but disregard Of the expo
ncnce of the past and recurrence 10 an unwise pub
De- policy We have Just closed foreign War by an
honorable peace-a war rendered necessary aud una.
VOID IN vndicatiOn of the national rights and honor
The present coalition Of the country Is similar ia
respects u that which existed Immediately after the
close OF the with Great Britain in l-5 and the
c,sion Is deemed to be- proper one to tase retro
spcct of the of public policy which followed
that war There was at thst period of our history
departure from our earlier policy. The enlargement
of the powers of the federal government by consr4c
tim which obtained not warranted by any just n.
depreciation of the constitution few years after the
cosr Of that war. series of measures was adopted
Which, united aud combined, constituted what was
termed by their authors and advocates the american
system.
The introduction of the policy for time ia
gOred hy the condition of the country by the heavy
debt which had been contracted during the war the
depression of the public credit by the dersnged state
of the finances and the currency and by The CONNER
| cla and pccaniary embarrassment which extensively
prevailed These not the only causes which lcd
t. establishment The events of the with Crest
Britain and the endorsements which had attended u.s.
prosecution had left the minds of many Of
statesmen the impression that our government was not
strong enough. aud that To WELD It's resources success
fully great emergencies and especially IN war, more
power should be concentrated In its hands This in
creased power they did seek TO obtain by the eg
..'a sud prascrisad innfean amendment OF tho com
stfutinp- but bv cOn.rDcfiog They saw governments
and 90 constituted to throw the whole power OF
tiuns into the hands OF lew, who taxed and controlled
the many without responsibility or restraint In that
arrangcmtnt they conceived the strength Oh nations IN
war consisted.
There was also something fascinating in he ease
luXury and display Of higher orders who drew their
wealth from the toll of the lsbOriDg millions. The
authors of the system drew their ideas of political
economy from what they had Witnessed ia Europe and
particularly in Great Britain They had viewed toe
enormous wealth concentrated In few hands and had
seen the splendOr of the OyergrOwn establishments OF
an arstocracy which was upheld by the restrictive
/ policy. They forgot TO look down upon the poorer
classes of the English population upon whose daily and
yearly labor the great establishments they so much al
mired sustained and supported. They failed 10
perceive that the scany.ied and hafclad operatives
were not only IN abJect poverty, but were bound In
chains of oppressive serytude for the benefit of favored
classes who were the exclusive objects OF tue care OF
/ the government
Il was not possible to reconstruct society in the
United states upon the European plan Here there was
a written constitution by which orders and titles were
| not recognized or tolerated system OF measures
was therefore devised calculated If not intended &c
withdraw power gradually and silently from the states
and from the of the people, and by construction
| 10 approximate government TO the European mod
els substituting aristocrscy OF wealth for that OF
/ orders and titles
Without rejecting upon the dissimsrty OF insii.
utons aud of the condition OF our people and those of
Europe they conceived the ven idea OF building up q
the United States system similar 20 that which they
admired abroad Great Britain had national bank OF
large capital whose hands concentrated the con
trolling monetary and financial power OF the nation
an institution welding almost kingly power, and ox
erting vast influence upon all the operations OF trade
! and upon the policy OF government nselL Great
Britain had enormous public debt ana II mad become
part of her public policy 10 regard this AS public
| blessing Great Britain had also restrictive policy
which placed letters and burdens trade, and tram
melted the productive industry Of the OF the ma
ton by her combined system Of policy the landlords
and other property holders were protected and en-
riched 10y the enormous which were levied upon
the labor OF the country fortheir advantage.
Initiating this foreign policy, the first step in esiab
fishing the new system Ia the United Staiec was the
creation of q national bank Not ioroseeing the dan
gcrous power sud countless evils which such an inst.
tuition might entail the country, porcciyng the
connexion which it designed 10 form between m,
bank and the other branches of the miscaled Amer
can system but feeling the embsrrassments Of the
treasury and Of the business Of the country conse
| oueni upon the war some Of our statesmen who had
held different and soundcr views were Induced 10 yield
their scrupcs and indeed settled convictions OF u.
uncOnsttutonay and give il their sanction, AS an
cNpedent which they vsnly hoped might produce re-
! lief
nwasa most unfortunate error, as the subsequent
history aud final catastrophe Of that dangerous and cor
| rupi institution have sbundaniy proved. Inc oAhA