Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1848-12-29

every wear Thus ii The plice oi sugar was -.
ems pound, and he duty three cents, II WON
ne equal o fly ser cent. ad Valnfem; uu' w
price ui sugar T. II 70 three cents, Inc GUY "ou
nave risen 10 one hundred per cent. al Vaioiehl
hus doubling the protection, and coh''hud,
,uemenlina with decreasing foreign prices, uo.'
he duly becomes pTun,biiory and The revenue "
such ar icles disappears; whereas The 40 Va'oien
bears, under all c6angrs oil price, Inc sene
Act ratio 10 The cost Of the foreign iaoric, an'
therefore is the most just and equal, as a'so NJ
cessarlly ensuriDg larger revenue.
Annexed will be found the table (markeo q
of seventy fur principal prntrc ed a'tcies, pre-
pared al The Treasury Department 10 1919, ron
ac.ual returns. ami attached, ioge her with ohe,s
T. the very able report by Mr.. Mckay, tfom ,n'
Com,oi lee OF WAYS and Means oil MaTcn IL
1874, embracing coal, iron, glass, sait' susa'' COZ
ton goods, &C., showing The actual spec'nc ah.
min;mnm duries under he tariff OF lS42 on thos'
ar,ic;es. and The equivalent ad valerem, fahsins
from Al TO 213 per cent. Now, II ,hrse iof1.sl
articles have Ia len in price since Nat a"'e ~,
Der cent, tn. equivalent ID valorem Won" vow
cou,se nos ran.e rom So per cent. 10 900 pei
cent, and wuu 90 IN increasing as 'he ~, 's'
articles diminished in price, soon oecotn''s "oso
lu,aly prrh,bnory. ami destroying all revenue :
In lhis aspect OF The case, tie objections u '"e
soeci6c du les asa permanent system, WIN
view TO revenue, are iasupera able, whilst 'heif un
lust upe aton upon labor, in imposing So muct
niohcr duIies as n equivalent ad val"fem ON ~
che per than the m"ie costly quaiiles u so'u
cannot bs successfully def nded
Our ma uiac,ur r, no desire me res o'a." =
OF The riff 1882. They know, from seAIe,
sive and prob b, duties IL WIN soon ahn'n"" a.
,mpoits and revenue, and produce reacllon Id
ltpu
from is Immense bJunlies, ranging al Piesen
nrices from six,v 10 three hun red per cent u
will simulate domestic production IN Few Yed's
to such m extent IS finally 10 Prov mos u'saS
irons 10 our manufactures. That which our
manufactures now desire l., what ihey le2diu d.
moderate dulies, made SPECIFIC IN CERTAIN cast
3 !. these specific duties wiii, rs has oeeh SNOW"
be found constantly auemeGIlns IN ratin unuei
me uopralion II Ihr general p inciple 10y Wnicn
the foreign a,licle j. continually lending 10 "
min>h-d price. whereas The ad vnloem, always
b.artne tns me prop rliun 10 The value oi inc
,mnorl. is therefore always The most Just ano
equal and yielding the largest revenue. o.c
The ausmrntr revenue under the iarifl OF io7o
has proved lnal id valorem du'Ies eau DC ldiiiy
assessed and cul ected. II is shown also, oy inr
Ietutns, that lhIs augmeu ed revenue IS uelv'u
IRON compa raiiyely small amount OF iofe's"
Imports consumed IN the Unled o'dtesi ,"@
a,p.un. IS shown BY the table before referred TO-
1ma,ked FL oil all nose reign imports thus con-
sum.d ia The YEAR ending 80 h June, io4S exrlu-
,,vc OF spec -,bcing bu' Sl3749o0l2 -"pon when Ul
was resl,z.d a nett revenue oil S3l ,IoIuIo 10
II aprears also rom thai table MAJ, 50 Tar li"t
inns la,ltf having filed the country with i"feis
good, beyond IL capacity Tor consumption M
domestic exports last year, exclusive o' sPcie'
actually exceeded by The sual (per same 'doie
81 ST 8 81 he foreign Imports. Exclusive ~
sps ie, consumed the same year 10 Inc ohheo
Saes, in lui,ns ali articles but specie, BON 'fee
ami dutiabe; thus showing balance OF io'eisu
rate m oar aysr without taking into view lhr
immen>e prof realzsd in the foreign markets on
our exports, generally estimated al aooui uteeh
per cent on the profits, freight, and naVieallon =
This was moi year OF famine abroad, ou' Vi
ABUNDANT crops in Europe, attended also WIN ie-
yulsions there highly uniavofaoe 10 our com
merce, creating innumerable f'reisn banRrup =
cies, BY which vast sums were lost 10 American
creditors, required 10 be replaced by Inc export OF
our specie, which was greatly augmented ny lhe
discred. il our market OF all bills drawn on OF
foreign shipments, producing, by his artificial
rise oi exch ,nee. an unnatural demand Tor specie
and cons, qlent expectation. But all this specie
must soon COM back Ia our country, except So
lar as il is losl by foreign BANKRUPTCY.
II appears thai tur The year ending June ou,
1913 mol OF famine out Of abundant crops IN Eu'
rope, our exports OF breadsuifs and PROVISION
per table l. announced u Inc sum of ~ 4iz,-
ISL: being larg, " more than double thr dvtrasr
annual export during The tafif al 1872 Int &C.
Su.t mis- wear demons rdes that. even wnhoui +
famine. aud in seasons oi good crops abroad, and
-veu when her mean, wtre exhausted Inc PIE
cedins year by an unprecedented loss 81 specie,
or sducins uuparale ed tegulsions and bankrupt
cIes, yet with low Gu les, enabling 'hem 10 e5
change their fabric our surplus OF agricultural
oroiucis, they could and sid 'as- large am IN
Of our breadsluns and provisions 10 The vaide
1i S37412, ISL. Thus, whiisl our farmers lonnu
mis- lafge reign market Tor their surplus, Whicn
otherwise must have rrmai ed unsold here, our
navigating interest received new IMPULSE a
well AS car commerce, our t'nnage having IN
increased during tn les year fper tablr from
o39 O45 To 8 SO 500 TON; being more Than 'hree
lines n. ipcie. sc we ever realized in The same
lime under any proec,ive tariff and making ne
whole increased tonnage under The iar,n 1910
,SS AIT IONS The increase Of our commerce du' :
40 N ,wo wears siuce he enactment OF the taf'n
Of 1916 nas been 81 great hat on domestic ca
potts, exclusive oi spccr carr abroad eSc'eo.
"a by the vast slm Of SSa ,6no Isl tie exports 1
he Two wears prsc-iIna Jude the larn VI lofs
Whils; ne tariff II 1876 h 5 thus augmented our
commerce, tunnegs and fevennr, u II seen Tue
couolry pass unlnJurrd through the ordeal "l an
expensive foreign war, absorbing AMI Wilhntd"-
ing from industry nearly hity millions oil capi'a'
Tor loans. Ii has seen the great revulsion w
England OF iS47 pass over US most unhafmeo,
a midst the general overthrow oil Governments on
the continent of Europe, with The unparalleled
destruction oil confidence, credit and industry
here, and wifh millions lost 10 our merchants oy
foreign bankruptcies; YET even through ms az
deal, under The ovnisn Influence OF the 'anH OF
1916. the cuualry has passed and IS still prosper
Gus and progressive, and prices OF Manufactures
are lar less depressed than has been the case N
all sucn preceaing reyulsions.
Upon The Ie-enaclment OF the tariff of 1872, or
any similar restrictive measure, smuggling 10 =
vas, eytent WILL become an organized system. BY
estimates from the Typographical Bureau an'
Coas. Survey, hereto annexed, (marked "A anc
5S1 il appears mat our direct man I'M ocea o
rom, exclusive OF bays iniets, islan0S, ".
amounts 10 $50 s,iles; our frontier upon Mex"
20 10 .456 and our lr aier upon The British po,
sessions Ia 1913 mics; making, IN All 3oiJ
niles, whica We have Ia quart against smusS'tis
But il. in addition 10 ms, As must be done, We
tak, me shore ine OF the Unlled Safes IN !ht
Atlantic. the Pacific, ard The Cult. including he
n.ys, sounds, and other irfcsularilies'oi The sea
shore and of sea islans, and III IN rivesi To heat
i .,te. IL makes a distance oil IS Cos miles, as e.
tirna,ed by The coast survey, WHICH. adced u
1859 miles If frontier upon the BRUSH an
NJ xlcan possessions constitutes an enlire I'm,
,pen 10 smuggers - 81, S22 miles, 10 proec
which aeains. illicu iDPJna,ions under The temp
lalions of sucn la,f - that ot lS42 would bt
impossible In this manner Smuggling, 50 deba
sing and demura lZns, so destructive OF reveun'
% inu ious 10 The hones' trader and to The whole
country, creating a con emp Tor the laws and I'M
au,nvsl,y vi lie Uniou would p~coU:e NJ "sale'y
valve" OF the proecl2c policy, by ne operation
.! ca use, beyond a governmental control.
Since my last report, ne continent Of hGror'
mas been convd>ed o. revolutions aud civ'l CON
no ions, parayzag ,helr commerce, credit an'
Industry, aud diminishing our trade with them
compared with wnat IL @onti nave been II thss'
ry-a,s h.I NO occurred. Never heesS, suci
nave been Inc advantages OF our more uaresiflct
ed commerce with al me world, that the estimate
OF revenue Tor this fiscal year, presented 10 mJ
last report, may yet be reaIIzd; Inc quarter end
ing on The 30ih OF September last, being The flrs
guar er OF the presen! fiscal year, having yielde'
So 99i 1885 VI
The adoption oy each nation Of high tariffs j