New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1848-12-12

,s - - h -tirg The greatest injury upon TIE
c,5-. nv * "a tsr.-s The one would te read abroad
La fffir lss.ss'lfe enc fNfciift g -- - -.-r.
reducrion cf duties % cur products tne o'nef "o.'
. =. --.-..s Ii .s~1r 1t increasing such duties
u'-b Tariffs should be most useful Were ieey :,
mort elective Let - take ne interior CD t"l.' !,
-errat not only from the ocean. Dut from hsilp-s
nj Canals Now The duty were -V pr CENT 90 .-7
i,r-- sr-irirrst the CRY oi New-l OK or - Fein
- a.. civ and its nsishhorhood. By the frotsciFe
,ler-v "a. aid De- more injured bv ire imPort.lah
- t i~-r-.-r of th. state the freight D. which on
many of toe articles m GIT ADD ~ per cent % 'ne e'
r,,sirr the whole enhancement 90 the price % per
cent and thus ofersir- as iotoe go !. 80
Interior compared with the seaoual NyN tut
rrstictre theory 5e tue. The residents ~ the inie
Nor b. irs better protected. the tarr and iresM IN
tie foreign srrice operating ~ double duif snpul
BE- more prosperous than the resident o. the -saoeard
But the farmers products are highest apon ne . a.
ha.ri and lower 10 every point ~ We reure rom it
lower a. Albany ard Buffalo SUI lower * hrie'
Cleveland Detroit Chicago, Lssae while the prise Q,
al ihe farmer buys Is proportonately enhanced ana
nothing but the fact that MS lands are chesper 10 pro
portion as they are remote from the foreign mNAei
enables him 70 sustain the compeunon
The Protective system Il sgrsrian and var upon
--r~fv II attempts 90 organ ~ labor and capital pJ
.ar adding o. the profts o. one pursuit uy rel.---
that cf suother 10 j. Incompatible Win tn security ~
capital or labor aud therefore whatever destroys ue
seCurrr " profits rf capital. results I'D an eqla injury
II labor Beside its ilra4s elects upon INDUSTRY II
- an arbitrary and iespotc power and u tne 'te
should become accustomed g. - exercise ooAin- Joy
L legislative NNlf ana NlNktlt4NA+ tt fftttt
In strI--e i6r the division AMI Distribution ~ Con-
cress every year OF property, pToHts, ana captt'
among the favored classes No legislation oi msn can
change the isw OF capital snd wages, namely INST As
c,t.l augrranfs being the source from which wages
49, paid there vii Dee increased demand Tor .shof
and consequent addition 20 its reward capital ana
WAGES are the weights 10 the opposite sides ot me
sr.es vibrating under uuch changing laws wHCcs ascend
, "a -sr,ts = augmeuted and descending 81, the cap
I Z. Il. reduced No. then. would augment wages. 80
every lover OF mankind must desire ~e must increase
capital which no tsrh or orssnifsnon oi iapot 'Hn
effect although 70 may transfer capai from one pursuit
/ q. another always diminishing the -grtg4fe pfuHts
wh ihe transfer - forced by la"
The belief i erroneous that a. manufacturers M
crease in number skill capital sud products they VII
perpetuate High Tsnfs. When they attain THIS condi
ion aud thsr fabrics exceed the home demand they
will desire FIRE. Trade a. open O. them tnt foreign
markets In England his is now the case. and their
manufacturers the great advocates OF tree Trade
I a. our manufacturers n time vii Dec and ulti matey
unite with ADJ other classes 10 desiring me abandon
ment of an Tariffs aud Custom Houses. and the repeal
of all restrictions ON Commerce.
Congress having extended the Revenue laws % ore
son and created Astoria the port ior that district the
revenue cutter Cornelius W Lawrence wss ordered o
that coast undsr the command oi Captain Alexander
Frazer an officer Oi talents. zeal ana ndeiiiy Ile
Coast -urg4v las also extended there, srd through rs
AID huoys Will be- located aud hght house- constr uctri
I IL directed by Congress The Revenue Laws not hs
wing been extended California no duties could D.
co Ircfef there but the Department exercised at rs
authority ty issuing the circular hereto annexed, open
ng Free Trade under fhe Constitution, between u
rts and the rect tee Union 40 the same time guard
isg th. revenue from .o-s far practicable 70 IL
recommended that beside Astoria. collection districts
ha aUfh1r ped n Diego Monterey Puget sound snd
Francisco upon the Pacific Our maritime irontief
uyou the Pacific Is now nearly equal O. our Atanuf
coast wiki many excellent BAYS aud haroors admirs
bis situated o. command the trade az Asia ana OF the
whole western OF America while our coast~ise
trade between the Atlantic the Cult snd Fschc, must
soon become OF great value. Congress having directed
this Department 90 recommend such measures A. VIII
increase our Commerce and Revenue, 10 4. suggested
thar II We would desire lucrative trade ana Ausnrn-
ted revenue from our Pacific this object beet
be- accomplished by many additional steam SHIPS upon
that ocean. well ss upon the Atlantic and the 1uf
Beneficial this system has proved upon the Atlantic
the Gulf In augmfnuug our commerce ana revenue
our tonnage and navigation, IL sti better adapted 20
toe Pscnc and the long voyages along shores and 10
Asia This tranquil ocean sindcated by It's name more
subject % caims better adapted % steam than the
more boisterous Atlantic and with less danger OF iun
~ 20 the machinery I0e Gains Of the Pacific 80 ot
trn refar4ing the sailing make shorter and saier
the voyage a. the steamships. while A. other perod Is
the trade winds blowing Tor months continuously IN
Que recti0n affecting the course Of the steamer
bur forcing sailing vessels 50 many thousands OF mles
out OF their way render steam necessary 20 the prona
bic navia at0n ~ that ocean. From al these causes
the Pacific must become the principal theaier OF the
peaceful trlumphs OF the great expensive power OF
steam sud we must extend It's use there, under our
own Tag II we would desire % contend successfully
with other nations for the trade and specie OF Asia and
Western America Our imports from Ass. such rs
teas silks and chiefly costly articles, still better
adapted TOR the steamships than heavy products The
time required Ia crossing twice the Tropics aud the
Equator from our Atsntc ports o. Asia IN the long
VOYAGE 0f the sailing vess. Il tet severely not only
In the loss oi Interest and ina the less rapid circulation
Of capital and roaiz atom OF PROFITS, uuL IN the sun
greater l0s arriving home too late with the cargo
and thereby losing the market OF at least better
price snd this loss Of time and interest Of price and
markets CREST in the return rs 10 the outward pas
sage The voyage by steam from our Atlantic ports
% Asia by ihe route Of Chsgres and Panama, with
Railroad - be- constructed by private enterprise across
the lsthmus. would soon be accomplished m month
instead OF three four months. aud the gain OF time IN
our trade between both oceans would be still
greater In snceut and in modern times the cities and
nations that secured that trade OF Asia were greatly
enriched This has occurred successfully with Tyre
Sdon Carthage, Alexandra, Venice, Genoa Lisbon
Amsterdam and London, while this rich traic built up
large cities the midst az deserts IN the caravan
route of the track through which % passed With our
front upon both oceans snd the Gulf aided By steam
ships by low duties. aud by shortening the voyage by
the shmus route ~ prcsented in my annual reports OF
December. l-i1 ard December, 1871 we may secure
this commerce and With H. IN time, the command of
trade oi the world. We may also extend our com
with all the countries bordering upon the coast
of Western America richer than al others 10 the pre-
cious metals and abouniingn articles which We desire
but do not produce, while new and vast markets, vii
be- opened there FOR our products and Manufactures
aud the number and profits oi our "haleships greatly
increased
Distant a. are now our possessions upon the Pacific
10 would desire o. extend o. them the benefits and
blessings of the American Union sud unite them with
in the bonds ot au eversu gmentlng commerce and
Intercourse there i a. present nothing but steamships
thai perform these important duties. la connection
with railroad scross the lsthmus OF Panama such
road would always be- useful for trade from the At
ant.c snd che Gulf with the Western Cost of America
and east Tor heavy products with Asia, and cspe
cisy with that portion VI 10 near o. OF south OF the
Equstor-with the Islands 10 the Indian Ocean ana
with Aususla-even 10 At some distant period Rail
road should unite the Atlantic the Gull and the Mssis
spyi with our hsr5Ors upon the Facinc That such
road a b. made some future period upon the most
practicable route - not t0ubtcd-atn0ugn from the
rne aud czqtal required. IL completion unfortunately
may be remote but the Railroad which private enter
prise could build within year or tFO, scr1ss the 18th
would answer al our present purpOscs, and would
80 once bring New York within ten day. OF the Pscnc
.ud within thirty days Of China sod New Orleans stl
nearer maintaining also he important communication
between oar own hafoors the Atlantic the Gulf sad
the Pacific
The estimates required By law from this Department
Tor revenue likely accrue from foreign commerce
Nth a. ports including those upon tie Pacinc,
o. pend uy0u future events II private enterprise
should construct the railroad across the lstnmus
u adequate number Of steam ships 10 continuation
0f the beneficial system already commenced. should
facilitate The sie between ASS and ggr Pacific ports
bringing thru vhIl twenty days ~ China. With thr
t-st sufcent number starting 40 re- lar
periods from the Atlantic and the Gulf o. Cnagre- aud
.r1f ~ - A L