davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Middlebury galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1848-1850, 1848-11-07
STATE FINANCES
Abstract of the Auditors Report.

Abstract of the Auditors Report.
Disbursements far the year ending Aug, 81, ls4s.
Expenses of Legislature, &C. s25,s29 OF
do Executive, 2,4ol Do
do Judiciary. 43,6ls IS
do Militia 9s7 40
Common Schools 23I7ls
Geolor;caI Survey LIPS 80
Gor;c,7I,ur.I 1870 a
pniaon =, H. Tropsurv $500 40
IT,, s99,O76 81
Bal. in treasury Sept. ], ls47, o1 20
taxes vi So J;x;dands 1856 80
Sofct, school q surplus funds & ST. bank 1897 IS
States attorney CO. clerks ,pedlers, &c 1864 I3
Interest on arrears OF taxes, 4l9 u
y. H. Bottoms state tax, ~ w
Loan from bank of BratIleboro', 5000 90
Total, s99,O76 81
We give give the footing of the official report
If correct, there is an error of 100000 in the
details: doubtless an error Of the press.
From the two Statements of Auditor & Treasurer
State Liabilities, Sept. 1, ls4s.
Safety fund banks, principal and int s3s ,O36 70
Salaries and pedlerS' licenses, 5,OII Oe
Bank of BratteborU', 5000 W
Total, e4S, JOY 70
RESOURCES.
Taxes not collected So, ll5 O3
Notes on account Of school fund, 5,I46 80
Duo from county clerks, las So
Demands good. 5000 81
Bal in the treasury, 1853 40
Total, s4s,5s4 O4
The Middlebury galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1848-1850, 1848-11-07

suffered to remain at homeland tina, every f.
cility, with respect to votes and Otherwise !,
senably provided, for bringing out the 80,
Wing strength of the district Withsuch ,r..,: wi
as the occasion demands, we may Cobs5.,|
calculate upon success-oVr triumph is cer,.in
The Middlebury galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1848-1850, 1848-11-07
9TH of November,

and use every honorable effort TO secure his tri-
umphant reelection. What will be gained by a
change in your representative ?
No man can be more devoted to true Free Soil
principles, than GEORGE P. MARSH.
No man can be more faithful to all the great
of this district than Mr.. MARSH has
been.
No man is better qualified or more jealous to
combat and effectively oppose every attempt at
and overreaching on the part of the
South-or to defend and advocate
The Middlebury galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1848-1850, 1848-11-07

~ Give no credence 10 new rumor.,
in circulation by political opponents. on .
eve Of the election.
e. Remember that JOHN QUINcr "a
EMS said to Charles Hudson, last W int III
GEN. TAYLOR WOULD Do MORE TO cURP
SPIRIT OF CONQUEST. CHECK THE ST A
OF SLAVERY, THAN ANY OTHER MAN g
WHIGs COULD ELECT.
~ The autograph and RemGrke'
some very sensible remarks on the absu
Of Free Soil Wing" voting for A s
Peck-an untried professor Of Free .
principles-in preference to George Pm
who has been proved, and found ava.
faithful on this questicn-and has not
The Middlebury galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1848-1850, 1848-11-07
ALL THE PRINCIPLES,

of which majority of the freemen of this dis
trict have again and again declared their approx.
al.
No man DESERVES more highly ofhis con-
sttuents, by every act of his public life, and his
EXPERIENCE in public affairs cannot pru-
IDENTIFY or safely be set aside at period so i'm
portant in its results to the North, and to the
whole Union, as the present.
Let every voter, by whatever name he may
choose to calhimself act deliberately in this mat
ter, and carefully weigh the consequences, before
deciding to casthis vote against MR. MARSH.
But above all, let EVERY WING DO HIS
WHOLE DUTY-see that every Wing vote is
secured in his own immediate neighborhood-
hat no real friend Of Freedom and Protection is
The Middlebury galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1848-1850, 1848-11-07
EVERY WING

EVERY WING
whom this sheet may reach before his ro,.
finally cast, TO stand fast by the PRIyc,,,
OF his party, and NEVER TO DESERT
THE STANDARD-BEARERS
whose triumph or defeat must be equally sb,.
ed by us all.
In1S44, HENRY CLAY received clear NJ,
jority, In this State, of 5000 votes. IF II.
majority for ZACHARY TAYLOR, in 1sIs
be less than this, must it not plainly be bec,u.a
men protesting to be WH1Gs withhold from
him their vote ? And now, in all carSo.
what plausible reason can be urged for on,
such course?
Certain men. (who TT the next breath deelare
their intention to vote for Jt.rtn IAN E..
rem , assert that Gen. Taylor is not a poo5
Wing. Now, we respectfully submit that This
is both unfair and unreasonable Gen. T,v-
Tor, long before his nomination, asserted al
AM A WING, AND SHALL EVER BE pyvor
ED IN INDIVIDUAL OPINION TO THE PRIV.
cIPLEs OF THAT PARTY" his most intimate
friends unite with his most bitter enemics
in declaring his identification with the Wbiy
party; he was nominated by Wing Cenvcp.
ton, receiving votes from every state in the
Union; and he is as fairly and fully committed
before the country to Wing doctrines and
Wing measures as ever candidate WAS. or
easily could be. Says Daniel Webster. in
his late speech at Faneuil Hall, speaking of
Mr.. Buchanan's assertion that Gen. Taylor
will Of ne ;ssity, if elected, carry into Ell
<ect Wing principles and Wing measures"
agree TO all that, gentlemen, and agree that
he would be prompted to Wing principles and
Wing measures, no more byhe necessities Of his
position than from ,rkut Leiiere to be HIS DEEP
CONVICTION OF THE POLICY, PROPRIETY.
JUSTICE, AND soUNDNEss OF WING PRIV
CIPLEs. Gen. Taylor is, beyond all cavl,
decided, sterling Whig-ihough net sifru, in
the sense Gas he himself explains his neal.
ing that would make him prescribe and with
hold confidence from everybody whose view
might differ from his own. Being, then, the
regularly and fairly nominated candidate
why should any Wing withhold from him hi,
vote?
Iii said that he is unsound on the vital
question of the Extension of Slavery. Yet
his most jealous enemies have not adcluced
shadow of reliable testimony going to show
that he would veto the Wilmot Proviso. il
passed by Congress during his Administrations
while, on the contrary, the only fair and in
telgible construction of his first Allison letter
binds him not 10 veto any such measure. Or
even to use his influence to defeat its rasgnoc
And again, we have assurances from the most
reliable private sources that Gen TAYLOR is
accustomed 10 express his dislike of The iusri-
tuition of Slavery, and his settled opinion that it
should moi be extended beyond IFS present Inn
iis-anG on the other, hand not single tesri-
mony (Which has not been shown 10 be false)
has been offered 10 prove that he entcrtains
a contrary opinion. Whatever. his indi,iI-
ual opinions, however, he hasso explicitly de
clared his determination 10 leave all such ,sa,
tiers oflegislaIion
T,NrrTDT,TN mo r,A~-%---o
The Middlebury galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1848-1850, 1848-11-07
THE PRESIDENTIAL
ELECTION

Is at hand On the very eve of The s,..
full day which is to decide the characle,o g W.
Administration Of our national affairs g. %
next four years, We make solemn IN,
The Middlebury galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1848-1850, 1848-11-07
ENTIRELY TO CONGRESS.

and his language on this subject has been 50 inva.
riably interpreted in that sense by all Northern
Wings, who advocate his election, and from
whom his chief support is to be derived tina no
man in his situation, unless utterly infatu ted
would think for moment of violating this m
piled pledge
Ofhis fitness for the Presidential office, hi V.
career, his unequalled correspondence wit le
department, and Others, as well as the unite s.
timony Of all who best know him-not v
friends but political opponents-afford suffi It
evidence to satisfy any candid mind. Tha &c
is not a politician by profession, VIC regard
decided recommen1ation-an when We y
in addition, that integrity, sound judgment
teal habits, cool, deliberate discernment. al j.
eral and enlightened views, are disiingu
traits of his character, we cannot but rcgar,
as, on the whole
TIE MAN FOR THE TINE
a person raised up by Providence, to stay
downward tendencies Of things in this
and to
OVERTHROW AN ADMINS Ri
TION,
whose spirit is hostile TO the pure rcpubl
of
WASHINGTON & JEFFERSCN
That salutary reform will be the direc
Of the election of
TAYLOR AND FILLMOR
estoring the government to its true an
i've spirit, is our firm bclief-and under t
iction have we labored, hitherto.
This is our last appeal.
We ENTREAT EVERY VIII
DO HIS DUTY.
The Middlebury galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1848-1850, 1848-11-07

TAYLOR IN LoUlsIANA.-An immense
The Middlebury galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1848-1850, 1848-11-07

whom this sheet may reach before his ro,. 9.
finally cast, TO stand fast by the PR1yc,p, -
of his party, and NEVER TO DESERT
The Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1846-1852, 1848-11-10
scienrific prnnhesY.

About Dine,een years agp Mr. Halt, OF
Wilton, Conn. then rcmarkabley good
student 10 his Collegiate course. ~as sud
denly deprived Of ms reason and memory.
In those circunstsnces. biz father, Rev
Mr.. Halt, sent him TO HartforI; but finding
no relief. he sent him 20 DIR. Chaplin, 0f
Cambridge. Mass. The DR. said there was
no relief, Tor him M that time = hut at the
sge OF thirty siX or seven, there would be Il
change; that the brain vas 90 o,Dch eXpan
drd Tor the crsniun and there would al that
age be a contraction, which would enable II
10 act beautifully.
His anxious father aud family saw thrl
h pes peremptorily deferred tor nIneterr
years That time has recently expired and
10 their great J"y the prophesy j. fulfilled
The man began % INQUIRE for books, as u
he had just laid them down. and resumed
his mathematical studies where be left them
There was no trace on hls mind ofthls
long blank IN his life. or Of anything which
has 0crured in It. and he old rot know that
he was almostforty years Il age.
The clrcnmstanCes Of grea'est interest is
that whereas hs went INTO this state Of de.
rangement m deep religious xiety, he
cam" ont OF it with bright Christian hope
which had been obtained without the Enowl
edge VI his friends a short time before -
Jour COmUpTcP
The Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1846-1852, 1848-11-10
81. CriSD,m.

Oct. 25th. is called in the old calenders,
the festival day Of St. Crispen Tho pat
ron saint Of shoemakers. In some coun-
tries Of Europe. it is observed as the
great holiday Of the numerous brother-
hood Of cOrdUdiRcrS-sO called originally
from their working in Spanish leather.
manufactured at Cordova-their cordo-
waning having sofened down to cord
,caiR,ng. 1t is recorded that Crispin aud
his brother Crspianus. having travelled
to Siossons in France. maintained them
selves by shoemaking; whence they came
to be regarded as patrons of the gentle
craft They were both natives Of
Rome.
Speaking of shoes. we find that the
regular trade or mystery Of shocmaking
is Of very great antiquity. So is that Of
tanner. The tool for cleaning hides,
the shoemaker's brisile and yarns. are
matters Of record in the annals of the 18th
century. The manufacturer at that early
date was accustomed to hawk his COM
modities; and it is supposed that the a.
dapting of soles was separate trade.
The Romans, in classical times, wore
cork soles in their shoes as defence a.
gainst wafer especially in winter. High
heels were not then IN vogue; but tho
Roman ladies' of short stature contrived
to add plenty Of cork to their understan-
dings. In the times Of Domitian. the
streets of Rome were so much incumber-
ed by cobler's stalls that they were re-
moved by an imperial order.
| Speaking Of shoes, introduces shoebuck-
les.-The antiquity this Of implement. OF
ornament reaches only to the 14th cen.
ltury-alihough, somewhere about thai
time skeleton was found in an old Irish
Abbey, with marks of buckles on itt
shoes. They became fashionable in
England some years prior To the reign oi
Qeen Mary-the wealthier classes wear.
ing them of silver, and even gold. Others
of gilded copper. They went ont ot
use for some time. to make room for shoe
roses. but reappeared in 1859. and bore
away for an hundred years; finally he
coming extinct throughout Europe. du
ring the reign ofterror in France.-BOs
fon Star.
The Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1846-1852, 1848-11-10
Darious nlattrrs.
Dca,, Of General Kearney

We have already announced by telegraph
ic dispatch from st. Louis, the death of Brig
adler General Stephen W. Kvarney. on the
3lst ut. No officer OF the army stood high.
er in the estimation OF his feIIow-sIlders
or of the country generally. The PhIladel
phra Bulletin says: r.
General KearDey was born in Newark
New Jersey, about the year l793, and was
thus in his 55th year at thetim his death
He entered the army ,as Lieutenant, in 1sl2;
fought at Queens ton and served through the
war with credit. He was made Ma jor in
1924. a Lieutenant Colonel in 1893, full
Colonel III 1876. and tull Brigadier Gener
al IN lS46. His abilities as a tactician were
acknowledged to be very superior, and have
been frequently made Use of by our g lvern
ment in drilling and improving The caValy
arm of the service.
when the war with Mexico broke out,
General kearney was selected by the Pre-
sident to command the expedition against
New Mexico and California. His march TO
these distant provinces was admirably
planned and admirably executed. The va
rious engagements on the river GIla, with
superior forces Of the enemy, aud suppress
sion ofthe revolt of the native population,
established his character as al able CON
mande. in the battle field, and as judicIous
military governor. HIS return tO the Unit
ed States after the establishment of peace
IN the province, was hailed with joy, and he
was every where received with de,monstra.
tons oil respect. HIS subsequent services
10 Mexico were also every where applauded
The Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1846-1852, 1848-11-10
THE SENTENCE.

The Clerk pfthe Court then asked Mr..
O'Bren what he had to say why the sell
lence of the law should not DO passed
upon him? ..''.' ..''t aF
Mr. O'Brien said-My Lords, it is not
nv intention TO enter into any vindica'
ton nfmy conduct, however much might
have desired to avail myself Of this OPP
ponunity Of so doing. am perfectly
satisfied with the Consciousness that
have performed my duty to my country;
that have done only that which, in my
upinon, it was the duty of every Irish.
man to have done, and am now prepar-
ed to abide the consequences of having
performed my duty to my native land
Proceed with your sentence! Cheers in
the gallery. t. 1- -s' ha,
4. The Lord Chief Justice then proceed.
ed, amid the most profound aud painful
silence, to pronounce the extreme SEN
[tence Of the law upon the prisoner. He
said William Smith O'Brieu, after a
long, painful aud laborinus trial. a jury oI
yo,lr countrymen have found you guilty
lnf high treason. Tneir verdict was ac'
companied by a recommendation to the
mercy of the Crown. Thatirecommen
dation. as isour duty, we shall send for
ward to the Lord Lientenaut.to whom
as you must know, exclusively belong'
the power to comply with its prayer. \
1t now remainswitb us toperform the
last solemn actof duty which devolye'
lpon ,us---to pronounce tlm; sentence
which marks the enmmiiy of your guilt
lund aims at the prevention of slmlla
crimes, by the example and infiction Q
a terrible punishment. OIL lthatyon woult
reflect upon that ctime, and dwell 'uPo'
liz with sincere repentance and remorse
The Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1846-1852, 1848-11-10
WHOLE NO. 1907
The A,nerican srmpnlhl.era.

Peremptory Instructions have been re-
eeived by the American Council in Dub
lin from the Minister in London. to insist
upon the immediate release Of the two
American citizens. arrested some weeks
ago on their landing in Ireland. and who
have since been confined in her Majesty's
gaol at Newgsle. 10 this case the
prisoners were not only guiltless Of any
overt act of treason, out. ifso disposed,
they had no opportunity Of offending in
any way against the law of England. Il
appears the information on which they
were arrested came from the other side
of the Atlantic. and their arrest and aui-
val in this country we're Simultaneous.
Directions have also been given to fur.
nish the particulars aud details connected
with searches Of American vessels.
The Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1846-1852, 1848-11-10
TIle I,Inh meclinn-

The meeting offhe Rough aud Ready
Club on Friday night was one Of tho
best ofthe season. being largely at;en.
ded and well addressed. The speakers
were Messrs. Van Trump, of Lancaster.
and Pitts of Wheeling. The former de-
voted his remarks TO the Veto Power and
to democracy" aud made very power
fol exposition Of Popular Rights. MIR.
Pitts ranged overa broader field of dis
cussion, touching all things cursorily Of
course but ably. 1t was said on all hsnds
that the two speeches were among the
very best made here during the season.
ZanesriHe Courier.
The Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1846-1852, 1848-11-10

Prof Mitchell nOtlnes the citizens, through
the Gazette, that for several months the
planet Saturn has been seen divested Of lis
usual appendages, the rngs.-This is occa
,ivned says Mr.. Mitchell, by the fac that
The illuminated side Of the rings has been
turned from the earth, and of course the
dark side is invisible. According to com
putalionJ,he earth should pass through the
pIane of the ring produced, on the night OF
the Sd September, on which night the ring
was expected to be seen as delicate fibre
OF light passing through the ceutre of the
planet aud extending OH the right and lelt.
On the evening of September lst, two
DAYS in advance 1.-THE time at which the re-
appearance Of the ring was expected, while
he planet was yet some two hours east 0
the meridian, ! caught sight ofthe edge o
the ring, which appeared as minute line o
light extending beyond the planet on eiihel
side A very fine spiders web is drawn
across the field of view of the Thermometer
and is seen when illuminated, as beantl
ful bright line on the dark heavens. lis
diameter is less than half second OF an arc
aud yet il appeared as a large cord compar'
ed with the delicate illament OF light re-
Aected from the edge ofSatur"'s ring The
thickness Of the ring is estimated at about
100 miles, While the distance from the earth
is about 900 900 900 Of miles. ....,
This curious phenomena will continue
visible for about ten days, when the sun
aud Earth will again be on opposite sides
of the pauc Of Salu MS ring, and the rine
will agala become invisible. The last dis
appearance Of Saturp's rings took place j
1852, and the next will rot occur for hiteei
ve,rs.s gwi 'p 3N3 E9H59 stEaoi .3
The Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1846-1852, 1848-11-10
Mrhe Law and Newspnpers.o

|. Subscribers. WIN do not give eGpress notice
to the contrary are considered wishing TO continue
their subscriptions.
o Ii subscribers order the discontinuance OF
their papers. the publisher may continue to send
them until all anearages are paId.
g. Ifsuhscribers neglect. or refuse to take lnelr
pap ers from the offices to which they are senlihey
are held responsible till they have settled their
bills, aud ordered their paper discontinued.
A. Ifsubscribers remove to other places with
out informing the publishers, and the paper Is
sent to tue former direction, they are held res"ll'
sible. H-r
S. The Courts have decided that refusing to
take newspaper or periodical from the Office OF
removing. aud leaving it uucalled for, is ''prma
facie" evidence Of Intentional Fraud
The Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1846-1852, 1848-11-10
The MISSISSIPPI RIvEa.--F,ve hundre

The MISSISSIPPI RIvEa.--F,ve hundred
steamboats,, carrying at one trip abont 2O0-
900 IONS, arc now employed in navigating
this RIVER and lis tributaries. At an aver
age Of36 trips per annun, the amount OF
yearly tonnage transported 's 2 ,200U0O toms.
or the land adjoining and in comm"nica-
tiou Of the river, not more than one-teOth
is under cultivation. 50 that when the whole
OF this extent of country shall become set-
tied. tie number of boats required for the
Increase of population will be JnO 10 lieu
of 500. Add to this the prospect Of the con-
stanty improving state Of husbandry in tho
west, and we may safely calculate the num-
Der ofsleamboats necessary fer the increase
Of business at that time, at 10 .0tNl--making
an amount of tonnage per annum, at the
same ratio as above, 44OO0, 900 tOns.-.NesS
York Sun. -I..l--
The Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1846-1852, 1848-11-10
A SCENE

After pause several persons rushed
forward to take farewel of the prisoner;
he shook them warmly and affectionately
by the hand; he was cool and collected d
and his manner was calm aud manly; he
left the dock with a steady step and smi
ling counienance, and was conveyed to
the cell or waiting room adjoining the
dock. a..r. ..f tr M a.7. .
When the intelligence reached the
streets that he had been sentenced TO
death, crowds of persons collected about
the court house and great sensation was
manifested. Several women ran to the
gates shrieking and throwing up their
arms in violent grief A large body Of the
consta bulary. with bayonets fixed, were
al once marched into the square before
the court house; the gaol van (drawn by
two horses was then admitted inside the
gates, and the prisoner conducted from
the cell and placed in it. a
The vehicle was then driven TO the
! Jail surrounded by the constabulary. and
The prisoner rec0nducted to his CELL
the excitement in the street was intense
and it was not till considerable time had
elapsed that it subsidized. rH.4n
The Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1846-1852, 1848-11-10

Oh! that you would regret it as il is re-
grelIed by every rational being-thai you
would feel aud know that il is really and
substantially as repugDant TO the interests
Of humanity and the precepts and spirit
Of the divine religion you profess, as it is
TO the positive law, the violation Of which
is now attended by the forfeiture Of your
life. ...4e.ra' ......,. 49,
The few words you have addressed to
the Court, however, forbid me proceed
ling any further with this subject. 1t now
only remains for The Court to pronnunce
the sentence Of the law Here his l,rd-
ship assumed his black cap. and amid a
silence at once solemn and painful, pro-
ceeded as foIInws: That sentence is,
that you, William Smith O'Brien, he ia
ken to The the place whence you came,
and be thence drawn on hurdle to the
place Of execution. and there be hanged
by the neck until you be dead.
That afterward your head shal be sew
cred from your body, and your body be
divided into four quarters, 10 he disposed
of as her majesty shall please. and may
God have mercy on your soul The
most profound sensation followed the
conclusion Of this sentence, and coutinu-
ed to manifest itself for several minutes
! afterwards -
The Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1846-1852, 1848-11-10
Agcnis for lhc Lnmcn>tcr (saxctte.

MilerspOrt. Vance Greenfield T; Walter Mrtar'
Nan salem. Dr N Ii Brock lani rhnu,as .ucfcld
Pickeri gtoa: \ Ehright,J Jr PieasqfT 7 I.r NslWonk
Lofersot: David JrnninG East Rushuiiie; David Raker
Lith0poIs: Lewis iiuher Rashudic; n. " Nnu's"n
na,ai Wiyrhsster. Or Potter Bremep npery \shaiigh
Gookniis; VIM P. Tennput auburn T; Hall. B Black
1mnrJa, Nathan j. Worrall Bern 7: james r Pcarce
Roualiog; J. CIemenls Jr PerryT0pn: Levi Friend
sma"Ja tn VIM. AshImook Madison 7: e. Y KooniZ
Carroll; William F. Breck Ciearerses; Iol.N ''aho"
BasiE Henry Leonard G-anoHe: ]. h iiaeethah
paIiimors: H. /, NiceIy SOmerss,; David Hewitt
VB PALMER, ESQ., General Agent for Tie Eastern C"'t'
The Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1846-1852, 1848-11-10
Application for Mercy TO the Queen

The Limerick Examiner, repeal jour
nal, contains the following speculation:
1t is generally rumored that Sir Lucins
O'Brien and his mother, Dowager Lady
OBrien. had an intention of waiting on
the Queen, for what purpose it is scarce
I ly necessary to declare. 1t is also said
that Her Majesty intends visiting Ireland
to grant general amnesty.
This would tend more to pacify Ire
land than the most severe law which the
Government could ilfict on us. or the
most vindictive course they could adopt
towards the State Prisoners.