Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1848-04-01
Total ......I39, leo

This recapituation shows that, during the last year.
239 $50 emgrants arrived in the United States Where
have these emgrants gone Let facts speak 1t will be per-
ceyed that 1877 $40 landed in the free States and 81 93l in
the saveholdng Staes-34, 500 of whom landed IN Lous
Now, il fair to presume that half Of those land
ing in Louisiana go up the Mississippi and settle upon free
territory. II this true, co., $50 Europeans have gone to
the free States, and only "a, 534 the avehodng States
during the last year. This does not Of course
cude the large numbers who have landed in the British Pro-
yinces, and gone from thence into the free States
Mr.. MEADE asked Mr.. SMART if be had inquired how
many landing in the free States had gone Texas, &c.
Mr.. SMART replied that few could have gone because the
whole population of Texas amounted at present TO only
100 000ess than emgraed to the United States in year.
Mr.. B0WD0N said that men from Maine and Pennsylva-
MIA had gone there and they Representatives this floor
Mr.. SMART said this might be so, and men from Maine
might to Texas too for other purposes than to cultivate
the soil But sir the bone and muscle the real laborers do
not there When they emgrae they stop at the borders Of
the free States square mathematical line. This know
myself from personal observation, having resided in slave
State Such the with Illinois and Missouri What
assert in relation TO European immigration to the free States
is corroboraed by the Southern press. find substantially
the following statements in the Charleston Souh Carolina
News, taken from the Augusta (Georgia) Chronicle.
twenteths OF these European emgrants of both
are laboring people, Nearly all Of them settle IN the
free States Only eleven during the last year came to Geo
ga, and only eight hundred and to Virginia
large portion of those landing New Orleans up the Mis-
sisspp to the free States Of Indiana, Illinois, Ohio, Iowa.
and Wisconsin. The city of Buffalo increased in population
ten thousand the last year. and Cincinnati numbers one
hundred thousand European emigration already amounts to
million in four years il will amount to one million
per year.
In of this Tremendous influx Of emigration, nearly all
into the free section of the Unon is not difficult to the
necessity that will exist for additional free territory
Mr. Chairman in view OF all these facts regret to say there
those who think it too much to ask that Oregon shall be
free And let it be remembered that comparatively small
portion of this immense territory ever be the abode Of
civilization To expect then, freemen to live on the bleak
Lad md
to surrender the valleys TO the peculiar institution, lit
tie much for present ideas of civilization But sir if
slavery be excluded from Oregon think have shown that
there still much greater necessity Tor additional free than for
slave territory.
Mr. Chairman there arc some individuals who wish 10 be
considered the advocates Of free territory and yet by voting
against any restriction Of slavery, virtually vote to propagate
where il does not exist Such men gravey assert that
slavery will regulate ITSELF and that will stop at See 80
precisely Sacacous men, discover how far this peculiar
institution will CO. TO inch But, sir slavery will and
does 90 upon new soils wherever il is permitted by law. Its
found in Missouri much above 36o 3d. has indeed re-
gulated itself in MARYLAND and Virginia. and elsewhere Il
has gone there has encountered those States for hundreds
Of years. and is not extinct Slavery passes into terri
tory il permitted by law provided the soil is good that
of the Willamette valley in Oregon remains five hun
dred years exhausts the earth it ncumbers and then dies
After this the poor white laborer may creep in Is
this slow and degrading process in providing free tern
tory for the white aborng men Of our own race
Some gentlemen tell also that the land in Oregon and
California and New Mexico 100 poor 70 De cultivated by
slaves and that slavery prohibited in those territories by
nature Now if gentlemen sincere in this remark,
10 me they have objection TO give them legal
sanction Are they unwilling to say in the statute book that
they will give this poor land to the the poor white man.
II they cannot assert there, have doubt they
say il seriously any where
II is stated also that If action is taken by Congress the
inhabitants will make the territory in question free when ii
formed into States Sir, this is doctrine that is not safe for
the free lsborer.
Prohibit slavery in the Territories, and who will emf
crate TO them Free white laborers from the North free
white abores from the South and free white laborers from
Europe. Such men would always preserve the soil free.
Leave these territories open 10 slavery, and few Of these
will go there Persons owning slaves would go into the
rories in sufficient numbers 70 WELD the influence Of the