davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1848-07-26

l,v its fruit. But the fruit would be the
same whesher the vote be cast for Taylor
or Cess, or not cast at all. Then it fol-
lows that no effect for good or evil would
be produced by change of vote, or no,
voting. in this case.
But Taylor and Cass are not alike =
Their course Of policy is different. Tay-
lor's policy is superior to Cass'. Hence
to elect Taylor, since we cannot do better,
according to the above argument. is to do
right, and to elect, or suffer Cass to be elect
ed, when we can prevent it, is TO do wrong
The sin will rest upon the heads of those
who suffer this wrong to be done.
II is thought however, by some Of the
seceders from the wing and democratic
parties, as well as by the third party. that
some good may be done by voting for a
third candidate; which is urged as an OK
cuse and even as justification for thus
wasting their moral strength on a man
whom they know cannot be elected. This,
to me, is very strange doctrine! 1t is works
without faith, or even hope Of success
The object Of the vote is to operate ihro'
the officer to effect or prevent the accom-
Plishmcnt of some particular thing. or
things. Is it expected through the nomi-
nee OF the Buffalo convention, officially as
president, to prevent the extension Of sla-
very! No. lie will not be elected
Then what good will it do! Is il, that
you want to shoU your strength! Is it
that the number Of votes polled for him.
will have beneficial influence upon the
other parties! This we clieve is the sup
posed good. How singular! Will an
unsuccessful number of votes do good!-
Most remark able-most wonderful discov-
cry! What kind Of infuence-what char
acter Of good will it do? Is there a magic
power in an UNSUCCESSFUL NUMBER of
votes which we know not of! Is there an
argument in it! No. Does it apply itself
to our reason? No. Is it development
Of principle or creation Of facts to en-
tighten mankind! Or, does it appeal to
our judgment? Not has nothing to do
with reason or judgment. Well, then. is
il designed as temptation, or compul-
sorry process to induce other parties to no.
tice them, and to court their influence
and their votes! Perhaps this will be the
effect. if not the design; for it is about all
the effect ! can see it will have. 1t may
possibly induce other parties to sacrifice
principle and even honesty to secure their
influence and support. We acknowledge
it to be Turing tcmptation-a bate to
catch bass. 1t may catch some suckers
or sofi-shcUs-some broken-down polit-
cians--some who cannot command that
attention in their own party. which they
think they are entitled 10, and many an
honest man will no doubt be entrapped or
hooked also.
This unsuccessful magic number OF
votes, may have an influence of some
kind; but it is not justifablc to use it as
an argument, for it does not appeal to rea-
son, judgment, morality, nor religion, and
consequently it is not an excuse, nor pail
alton for such a waste of moral force.
To be continued. '.B."
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1848-07-26
LOOK BEFORE You auY.

"HE celebrated Straub Flame Eueiresed
Oven Cooking Stoves, for sale Il Tie Tin
shop of NJ. r. Underwood. This Stove has =
decided advantage all other Stoves lift fails
to pc rform well. return the Stove and the usouoy
will he refunded. Gail aud see them before pur-
chasing elsewhere
Also, Premium Stoves Of a superior quality
Also. Tin. Copper. and Sheet-Iron ware. or
every description. Wholesale merchants ordes
promptly filled at Cincinnati prices.
Cutter and SpOuttlnE.
Particular attention paid TO this branch Of husi-
ness, all Of which aIn deter nsned 10 sell low
Shop opposite Sioan's Hotel.
Old Copper, Brass and Pewter wanted.
NJ. r. UNDERWOOD
Richmond. Feb. I, ISIS. 6-tf
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1848-07-26
For he Pallxd iun,.

-. ..asissysss Ies he Palladium.
@ 40 " NOTICE
aaesenaS aoA IGea0D - FnMnilte1
- de cry q Blco0oD0.
~ will please 10 take notice. that The
..;.s,ev.helders Of Richmond end vici"''
- very much annoyed by n'isch'ev-
= bsys who ave ranging shout over 10. ,os.
lfarms, doing mischievons ana "''''o'
itssy to oil kinds Of property ana crops
La they can cosse Il; such as break
- locks ~ of gates, breaking tools or
1919 asem away and hiding them,
saaeise op corn, potatoes, &C., running
,i,,seh grain and grass and ira'"Pling il
-, ssd destroying Il, taking large stones
- he size of their heads or larger
- throwing them into the moving
80. 10 spoil ne grass and annoy the
.vsrs. &C.; in short, all kinds of mis-
1A;ef which they can do. or think OF. they
=. =: and many Of those boys are large
1ssseh to be at better business, if their
.essvas would put them to il.
Now, parents. il is in your power 10
~sysaa this mischief, il you will attend
!. ,ess Children and teach them industry,
e,ral;ay and good order; and you are. by
eaisees Of Richmond and vicinity, re-
aeecslslly requested to attend to your sons
- restrain them from such mischief.
~ YOU will receive the thanks and good
sia Of the people and confer lasting
bsse6i to your children. But if you will
~ sttend 10 them, others must; for this
nischicf must be stopped, and as these
a,ischicvous depredations arc indictable
tslore the grand jury Of the circuit court
they will be attended TO there, (if their
easents do not attend 10 them at home,)
a,d regular business done up for them
tIeye-justice will be done to them, or
their parents, If they are under age to an
swcs for themselves. Care has been ia
ken to find out who these deprcdators are
ssd what mischief each one has done
even to lock breaking,-and il their pa
rents do not attend to them, IL riH be
done for them. To do it, will be Justice
10 the boys, to their parents, and to the
people at large; in short, il will be justice
y oil. They must be attended to, old
and young. one way or the other. TO let
them 60 on, will be wrong TO them, wrong
y their parsnts, and wrong to the people.
Il will not do TO let such outrageous mis-
chief pass unchcckcd-fhey must be al
lesicd to. wELL-wIsHING CITIZENS.
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1848-07-26
For the Palladium
FREE TERRITORY.

MEssRs. EDiroRs:-My predictions, prior
and subsequent to the PhiIadeiphia nominations.
for free territory; for the circumscripton Of
Slavery within it's present limits. ! at once
yielded to my first impulses the subject. and
dete rmined to operate with thosewho avowed
themselves favorable to a separate organization.
Time and reflection, however, have convinced
me Of the inefficiency Of such an organization at
this time, sud am FREQ to acknowledge that
what ] first embraced a. a matter Of choice,
now rcIinquish a matter Of expediency. in
pursuing this course, .o not feel that am
abandoning my favorite doctrine, but that it is
merely in allegiance until a favorable opportunity,
which is at hand, shall prese Mt itself for ma
king il the first, tho last, the only issue in the
North.
GREAT ERROR
II was we'll unde rstood prior to tho nomina-
ton. that this question Of Slavery had 10 be met,
and instead Of permitting ourselves to indulge
in the belief, Of the ability Of the Convention to
select man in every respect unexceptionabe in
the North, and acceptable to the South. we should
have raised the question without distinction Of
party. and instructed the nominee. to that Con-
vention to either withdraw from it. or insist mp
on the nomination Of person whose opinions
upon the subject Of FREQ territory were well
known and explicitly expressed. But with the
usual zeal, ardor, and frankness Of Wings, who
are always for their country when she 10 right,
TO keep her right, and whes ske 10 wrong, to
make her right, We launched forth into the po-
liticaI arena. determined. by ell the means that
indie fatigabls industry, and attachment to the
rights secured by the Cons. tuition could suggest
to prevent the inception Of dynasty which por-
tended the most ahject and ignominious serviIity
70 the South, or, failing in this, submit, for a
time. to such lave As God in his providence might
permit them to inflict upon 10.
THE DYE Is CAST.
That period. the most suspiciou has passed
away. when political feeling and the lust Of as
tendency, the most bigoted and intolerant fea-
lures Of our characters a. citizens, had not We,
formally arrsyed themselves, and individualized
the two great parties Of the country in the heat,
strife and acrimony Of Partixan conflict That
period. before the two great parsie. had selected
their champions, while the asPerities Of our ma
ture were yet restrained. while the social, con.
6ding and Submissive feelings Of citizens Of the
Same commoa cosntry. still existed, while the
unbiased and uncommtted Judgment was pre-
pared to lead ~ to correct conclusions. that pc
Rod. say. 10 gone beyond the reach Of sftec tua
reclaimat ton.
THE RUBICON IS PASS ED.
The alarum has been sounded Tho masse
Of the two great parties have enlisted for tn
campaign, and dis:rsst, political distrust, nov
reigns aud abides among %.
Az . whg,a free territory wing, I fslt deter
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1848-07-26
For the Richmond Palladium
A. Dsvcstigati0n Of the Dates Of ~ Chris
eian Cssizen. IN regard 10 Voting.

For the Richmond Palladium.
A Dsvessigsaioa Of the Datie. Of ~ Chris
sias Csaizcn. IN regard TO Voting.
(coxTIxuED.1
Some persons object to voting for Tay-
los, because they imagine it is a sacrifice
Of principle. II this was true, they would
be excusablc and even justi6able. But is
iitruc! We think not. In the first place.
they ccrtai,ly make it a paramount I'rin-
eip'e TO do all the good they can. All
other principles are suLservient to this
Now, if it DC granted that Taylor is pref.
cradle to Cass, which no wing doubts. and
that one or the other Of them will be elect
ed president. which is not doubted, then
il follows that some good will result to the
country by defeating Cass, and clecting
Taylor. This argument is conclusive in
itself; but lest there should be persons
who may think they can sec way to get
around il. the supposed objections or by
paths, Is they are imagined, though mer-
gcd in the principal question, will be no.
siced. II may be thought that it would be
approving whatever we think is wrong by
casting such vote. II it were so,
would not ask you to vote for him. Blu,
Is il so! Certainly not. We approve that
Scr which we vote--nothing more. We
may tell him what We approve. and what
Ne condemn, and if he has hundred err.
voss, nc will feel conscious Of those which
are condemned, and those which are not.
fos will know which you approve, and
which condemn-so will the world. Take
the example before US. Does not Taylor
know that his connection with slavery. and
Holding slaves, will not be approved by
The opponents Of slavery who may vote for
hint Will not we and the whole world
know il! We avow what parts we ap-
prove and what condemn, and could tell
them to you; but you know them already,
80 does he-so does the world. Then
where is the error, and where the sacrifice
OF principle! Are we no. still preaching
the same doctrines and avowing the same
truths. and making use Of every hor ora
BE means, and every opportunity to carry
chem into effect! There is nothing crimi.
nal, or secret in this. All is known and
xnderstood--fair and honorable. Moth
itK mean. nor underhanded. We take
10 advantage Of any one. We wrong no
body. We do not give '.aid and comfort
u the enemy; but. on the contrary. we
strengthen our own cause. The letters o
we slave are no. more tightly bound, MOI
Is his hardship harder; bu, we Strengthen
oir strength for hi. relief We do no
create. support, nor prolong any evil; bu
she rcverse-we put down some-ou'
whole moral action. - well as moral pre-.
cePts are brought to bear against evil
This is known TO the supporters Of it as
well rs TO others. They feel condemned
Scr the wrong, and justified for in the
right.
Suppose Taylor and Cas- were jus
ahke in every particular. which God for
bid! what evil would be created. and wha
reward by voting Sor the one or the other
What difference whether we vote or not
The consequences would be the same
Tho tree shall be known by its fruit. The
good or evil Of this vote would be known
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1848-07-26
DMINlSTRATOR.S NOTICE..

a DMlNuSTRATORS NOTICE..
N Motto. 10 hereby give u. that the unde rsign-
ed has taken out letters Of administration on the
estate Of THOMAS HAMMOND, late Of Union CO :,
Ia, deceased. All penoDs indebted to the said
Estate are requested 10 make immediate pay
ment; and those having claims against the same,
notified to present them duly authenticated
and filed in the Clerks Office for settleme Mt
The estate is, beyond doubt. insolpenf.
JOHN YARYAN, Admir-.
Liberty, Ia, July 18th, lS4S. 3O:3w
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1848-07-26
Pleasant Residence and other
Property for Sale.

VuNHE undersigned offers for sale, reside nee
on Franklin street, near Friends Meeting
house. The dwelling is two stories high. and
contains seven rooms, with convenient out bu i'd
ings, and a neat garden with shruhbery, &C.
Also, the Machine and Blacksmith Shop, recent
~ occupied by F.. d. Borton on Fifth street.
This property is we'll calculated for a carriage
shop, or any other similar business. Terms viii
be reasonable, and possession given at an early
day. JOB BORTON.
Richmond, March 18th, 1913. t2-tf
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1848-07-26

LARGE lot of PRINTING PAPER Of
~ ali kinds: also, CAP, LETTER, DRAW
ING. aud WRAPPING PAPER, Of every des-
cription; also, BOX BOARDS For sale at the
ssCheap Western Cash Store
TAe AigAest Msykef pTscr 3 'sea ~ R6gs.
Richmond, Oct. (, ls47. A-u
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1848-07-26
Who Wants o lusture.

HAVE for SALE, of the most Spe nded
i double Seated Family Harrison Car riage ever
offered IN this market. at the price-inade Of the
best Of meterials. and IN a substanti manner,
aud flushed in good style-suitabis for either
one 10 two Horses.
BENJAMIN MATHS.
NJ Call at the Shop, u few doors last of the
Starr House.
Richmond, April l2ti, 1s4S. 16,E
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1848-07-26

0NE Of the best and most approved kinds OF
~ Franklin stoves, very heavy plates. Tor
sale at the store of HAINES 4 rAkOUHAh.
Opposite tho Bank.
Richmond, Feb. 9Th, le4s.
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1848-07-26
VALUABLE FARM
FOR SAG,29

% II n :" ~ II
II viz: undersigned, offers for sale or rent the
FARM on which she now lives, adjoin-
ing Nathan IIollngsworth's Mill, one and a half
miles South Vest of Centreviile, in Wayne CO..
Indiana. 1t contains lSO Acres,-about 100
Of which are well cleared and under good cult-
walton. The land is Of GOOD quality and WE'LL
ti,nbered. There are. the Farm, three good
Orchards; large new frame Barn; and "a
LA large and commodious New Brick -
Dwelling House, with c eliar under the whole
good Well. Cisiern, aud all the appurte nances
much to be desired in a Farm House,-tle
fences all newly set over the entire Farm, and
every thing in the best condition.
One half Of the purchase money would he
reguif~d d0Wh; uud tIe TeuF1uo I'm foer eqsel eAs-
nusl install nsents, well secured.
1.-THE title il unquestiOnable; and the Fam,
to quality and location, will suit any person
wishing to purchase.
LYDIA z. VAUGHAN.
May II, lS4e. 2lH
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1848-07-26

NJ OTICE.-The stock holders OF the Rich
~ mond and Newport Turnpike Company are
he reby notified. that the first instnme mt on their
respective shares. will be due the first day Of
August next. As the road is now under contract,
it is to be hoped that pa yment will be promptly
made. nAIPayment to be made to the under
signed, Treasurer Of said company.
July 4th, iS4s. DAVID HOOVER
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1848-07-26
SUGARS, SYRUPS, AND FRUITS.

OAF, Havana and Orleans Sugars. Ras-
berry. BoNberry. Sarsaparilia, Straw be rry.
and Lemon Syrups. Lemons, Figs. Prunes. r al
sons, Almonds, Eug. Walnuts, Fi!berts. Pea
Nuts and Dates, all fresh. opposite the National
Hotel. T.. H. CITIZENS
June :. lS4S. o4-tf
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1848-07-26
I Am NOW FOR TAYLOR.

Suppose that Taylor and Cass arc both objec-
tonabie on account Of their views Oh the sub
ject OF Slavery in the Territories, how stands the
case! With the former il is only matter Of in
huence from his position in the South; with the
latter, Cass, it is part Of his political creed pub
licIy and impude emily announced. Suppose far
ther that the South may thus be regarded as hav
ing two strings to her bow; if she succeeds with
Taylor, her ability to that power is mere
matter of inference not necessarily involved
II she succeeds with Cass, it is matter Of in
ference, but assertion and positive demonstra-
ton Of the power. for he openly avows the doc
trine. Then surely If the people elect Cass,
they not only aid in that which they condemn,
but they assert the truth and correctness Of the
proposition, that have right to control
Slavery in tho territories. And thus will
find ourselves placed in a situation to he told by
a Loco Foco administration, 1--WE avOwed the
doctrine. and the people confirmed it,
But Gen. Taylor occupies diffe rent position.
He has planted himself the rock which held
the fathers Of the Constitution. Their interpre-
tation is his, and by them this question has been
settled. Let US do our duty then, and crowd the
halls Of Congress with Free Territory wings.
aud the day is ours. In the hands Of such man,
who will he the President Of the American peo-
Pile, "fAe aciH Of the people ,riH be respected.''
"Once more to the breach dear friends once
more.'' NORTH.
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1848-07-26

ELOUR! FLOUR: AMI
Retail at LYLE'S Wholesale and Retail
Grocery Store.
April sc, 1913. 1S
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1848-07-26

ME subscribers have Just received 4 Lot OF
Cincinnati Pressed Taiiow Candles, which
they will sell low by the Box.
w. w. LYNDE, s. CO.
Richmond, Jan &c, 1S4S
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1848-07-26
EXCHANGE Office!

IL TRE undersigned, having gone into the
Exchange business, at their old stand opposite the
Post Office, would inform their customers aud
the public generally, that they are just receiving
the largest stock Of
f a mn ly @ 70 G cr fcs.
ever before opened in this place, which they wish
to EXCHANGE Immediately for CASH Of
Country Produce preparatory to purchasing .
larger supply.
Their stock consists, in part, Of Imperial. Cum
Powder, Young Hyson and PouchoDg .Tess :
Rio and St. Domingo Coffee N. Orleans, Loaf
and Brown Sugars; Golden Syrup. Sugar Houss
and Plantation Moiasses; Nos. /, and Mack
crel, in Bbls half bbis. and Kits Shads Lake
Fish Goldfish, Herring, Chocolate. Rice, Saiera-
tus Starch, Zante currants, Raisins, Fresh ground
spices of all kinds, warranted pure, Starr and
Press tallow candles, Soap, Indigo, Madder.
Alum, CoPperas, &c. &c.
ALSO--A general assortment of Queens
ware, Glass ware, Stone w oode n wsses
Window Glass, Nails, Grain Scoops, ShOvclss
Spades, Forks, Trace and Halter chains, Min and
Halter Ropes, Bed Cords, Coach and Broom
Irvine, Market and School Baskets, Shaker
Yankee and Domestic manufactured Brooms.
and l(DOI dffe mt articles, which va shall take
pleasure in showing to any one who may favor u
with call.
0rPlease call and examine our stock, ~ II
costs nothing for looking.
Richmond, May 10. le4s. IL
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1848-07-26

,,iIs isT IIs Lea ar.
and all other such luxuries. They also de
Iightfui perfume. For sale at
DR. HOWELLS' DRUG STORE.
June Is, IS4S. 24tf
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1848-07-26

DREAD, Crackers and Cakes, fresh, con
D stantIy on hanG, opposite the National 10
tel f.. II. CITIZENS.
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1848-07-26

TelogF0ph Notice.
SUBSCRIBERS to Telegraph Stock in the
Richmond Station, who have not paid up,
are respectfully requested to do 20 immediately.
D.. p. HOLLOWAY.
July 10th, ls<o. 29-3t
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1848-07-26
0dWY7rlDN PD0IDUU12g

OF almost all varefi bought and Sold The
highest market price is paid for the same. and i
is sold again at the smallest advance which wall
nav for the trouble OF retailing u He has now
ON hand a 6ne lot Of BACON and LARD
He keeps a supply of Corn. Outs, Flour, Corn
Meal, Pototoes, and other vegetables.
Thankful for the patronage heretofore rsce'v-
ed, he respectfully sosicits its continuance
quality Of the articles or the prices
Richmond july u, lS4S. 2Su
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1848-07-26
DOUGLASS PATENT PUMP.

=. BARf:IS. has just received lot al
these Superior Anti Freezing Metallic
Pumps, and all sizes Of Lead Pipes to attach,
which lie will sell low, at his Stove Store, Main
street, Richmond, Indiana.
Oct. /, 1917. 4l-tf
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1848-07-26

TOBACCO AND CIGARS.
VIRGINIA, Missouri and Kentucky Tobac-
v co. CASTILLO, Canone, American, Eagle,
La Tolora, Half Spanish aud Common Cigars,
Just received opposite the National Hotel
f.. II. CITIZENS.
June Z, lSIS. 2l-tf
Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1848-07-26

mined 10 do my duty IL could ascertain what
that duty was.
KNEW that political battle was to be fought,
that event was inevitabiei il was tho solemn
compact Of our Con stitutiou made sacsed by the
blood Of our fathers, that every four years We
should Sight this battle in remembran Of them.
l beseld those with whom ! had formerly COM
mingled in the ranks of the wings, flying to res
cue our country from the hands Of aspiring
Tyrant, whose greatest apology for premedita-
ted wrongs, is a long life Of Panderius to power
for its Gavors. The great majority of my best
and true friends had left me; but was not alone.
A numerous, respectable and influential body
yet remained, and we were the advocates Of free
territory. Yet with all our strength, it required
but little discernmen mt to see that ne were pow
erless. that we could not form a guard, a
reserve corps for either party. But even in this
situation if il had been possible to have rolled
back tho tide Of popular feeling which rushed
impetuousIy to the conflict, if it had been possi-
bic to suspend the election TO a more distant pc
Rod, when organization Of both parties, by
simultaneous movement could have been effect
ed, should have been content. But the consti-
tution of my country was imperative, that the
battle must be fought nc,c.
saw IN the ranks OF the great wing party,
frie nds and brethren with whom had struggled
against oppression. in times Of dark foreboding.
knew they carried with them sacred pledges
and principles, which. in time. past, felt could
never r~iinquish as long hope. encouraging
hope, pointed TO a relief from the deep be " ilder
ing night Of political usurpation- The Consti-
tuition Of our fathers dispe nsing blessings in the
light OF their wisdom, necessarily guarding
against executive ucroachme nts; opposition to
the spirit Of conquest; the improvement Of our
great channels of commerce.; protection to
American industry for the sake Of protection; in
all Of these l saw affinity and felt q congeni-
atty that not TO be found realized in aid
ing the elevation OF Northern VandaI.
What could !. what should I do? could, il
is true, follow in the line Of duty on one subject
and abandon il on others. l could declare a
great principle, opposition to Slavery in newly
acquired territory. Ny duty would be perform
cd in one thing. abandoned in others. What
then? For the sake of that principle, I may
have permitted a tyrant to be elevated to the
throne, and with him a thousand satellites to re-
fleet his WILL and thus defeat my most che risl,ed
object l could hesitate no longer, and