Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1848-12-23

England. The number Of deaths in London last
week from all diseases was l,ls4, the average being
1854. OF these deaths 80 were from searlatina
and typhus, and only 81 by cholera The deaths
by cholera throughout England and Scotland con-
tnue to equal about halt the number of cases. We
have not yet heard of the cholera in Ireland.
The bread bakers of London appear to have had
more than their proportional share of commercial
and trading difficulties II might have been sup
posed that, dealing they do in the most necessary
and universal article Of home consumption, they
would scarcely have felt that stagnation and falling
off Of business which all trades must have expert
enced that principally depend upon foreign mar
ket but the reverse appears TO have been the case.
A meeting of the bakers of London has lately been
held, at which it was stated that the number of ba-
kers in London was about 2,400, and that nearly
500, or one-third OF the whole number, had become
insolvent during the last twelve months II was
also stated that some steps were necessary, not only
for the protection OF the trade but for the benefit Of
the public, who in buying what they considered a
cheap article, were supplied with food of delete
rious quality, and highly injurious to health; and
that large quantity of bread sold was not fit for
human consumption. From this unfair compet-
ton, it frequently happened that the quarern loaf
had risen in price when the price of flour had fallen,
and Uice OerSa. In the year 1914, when the Lord
Mayor regulated the price of flour, the baker was
allowed profit of lbs. 4d on the sack of 20 stones,
or go pounds weight. He did. not now realize
half that amount. The bakers appear to desire to
regulate the price Of bread by means of an associa
ton, TO be called the Bakers Assize Associa-
tion.' This does not seem to US to be the proper
mode Of doing it. Let the municipal authorities
severely punish those who sell bad Bread and the
evil will soon cure ITSELF Combinations of trades
are always bad Fair competition, under the pro-
lection Of the law, must always be the best mode Of
securing to the public good article at fair price.
There is but little news from FRANCE, The two
points of interest the Presidential election and
the state of the finances. The latter Is becoming
the more serious question of the two, for it is that
upon the solution of which must depend the sta
bliy of any Government and the return Of national
prosperity. 1t appears that the Government state
ments of the absolute condition of the treasury and
of the prospects of the revenue are considered as
being very unsatisfactory, and that the 10000 900
of the latter melt down into an astonishingy small
sum under little examination. Items are put into
it which no financial experience justifes, andefects
not negotiable, such as mortgages, &c. Govern
ment stock to large amount is also Improperly
included, and credited at value forty per cent.
greater than it would realize in the market In
fact, the whole statement is regarded obscure and
evasve, and worse than no statement al all. This
is very vulnerable point in the peace and pros
perity of France.
As respects the Presidential question, very little
can be stated with certainty. One thing appears,
however, clear-Gen. CAvAIGNAc is every hour
becoming more formidable opponent TO Prince
LOUIS, and will run him much closer than was ex-
pected AT Marseies, Nismes, and some other
principal cities, CAvAIGNAc will be supported al
most unanimously. He will have, it is said, half a
million of votes in Provence alone, and gery large
majority in the departments Of Heraut and lie Gard
| The great majority of Representatives have pro-
nounced in favor Of Gen. CAvAIGNAc. In fact very
nearly half of them are now in the provinces can
| vassing for him; so many having obtained their
congo from the Assembly that it is with difficulty
quorum can be mustered for the transaction of
business. An association of the members of the
Assembly has been formed at Paris, under the Pre-
sdency of Nj. BUcHEz, to promote Gen. C.s cleo
ton. M. DE LAMARTINE has not, it appears re-
linquished his canddateship. He seems TO think,
| like your pure-minded WILLIAM LowNDEs, that an
Office of such importance and dignity is neither to
be sought after nor refused. The Courier Fran
Gals and the Bien Public have taken up Nj. DE La
MARITIME s cause very warmly. LOUIS BLANC has
been solicited by his friends TO become a candidate
but he declines doing so, stating that, in his opinion
/" there ought TO be no President, the Presidency
being the remains of monarchical prejudces." LIZ
DRU RoLLIN still continues to be a candidate, and a
portion of the Red Republicans will probably vote
for RAsPAIL, or some other of his stamp.
But if there be no news from France, we have
an abundance from GERMANY ; SO much so that we
scarcely know how TO make a short abstract oft
Beginning with. PRUSSIA, ii may be observed that
the sittings of the National Assembly at Berlin have
been broken up by the military that the burgher
guard have been i'll great measure disarmed by the
same agency, but without bloodshed; that the
Assembly, before its final and forcible dissolution
voted the refusal to pay taxes after the 18th instant
This vote, the Minister EIcHMAN says, is contrary
to law, and warns the people not to attend to it.
The judges in the criminal courts have resolved not
to take cognzance of any charges against political
prisoners, "as all law" they say, is at an end'
Late intelligence states that the King has deter
mined to withdraw the decree ad journing the Diet
to Brandenburg, and that M. GRABow, formerly
President Of the National Assembly, has been
charged by his Majesty to form a new Cabinet.
| If we turn 10 VIENNA, we find very little to give
US satisfaction. General WELDEN, a co-worker with
RADETzKI, has been appointed Governor of that i'll
fated city. JELLAcHIcH quilted Vienna for Hun
gary on the l4th and Prince WINDIscHGRATz was
about TO follow. The entire subjugaton, if not an
initiation of the MAGYARs, is the next step in the
catalogue. In Austria, as well as in France, the
state of the finances is becoming very serious.
There is deficit in the revenue during the last
eleven months of no less than sixty millions of