Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1848-06-24
EXCHANGE OF THE RATIFICATIoNs OF THE
TREATY OF PEACE WITH MEXICO.


We are indebted to the correspondence Of the
New Orleans Picayune for the subjoined account
of the visit Of the Commissioners Of the United
States to the temporary seat of government Of the
Republic of Mexico, and Of the formalities which
took place in that city on exchanging, the ratifca-
tons of the Treaty Of Peace.
QurnrrAno, (MrxIco. mar 80, ls4s.
The Commissioners left The city of Mexico on the 22d
instant early the morning. and sved hers.on the after
noon Of the a5th, having made The uneyabout one hun
dred and fifty mies-in less than fos days. They were es
cored by company Of rifles and ona Of the Sd Dragons
former commanded by Capt PoAa Ind LIEUT. Palmer, and
the latter by Capt. Jener and Lieits. MsQs and Blood
Major Polk, although suffering severely from chis and fever
when the Commissioners left Mexico, in command Of
the escort and his health re-etablshed op The road
Lieut. Dwyer, Of the Sd ag6ons aed qu9ermaster and
commissasys Lieut. Don Of thss same regiment adju
tant and Dr. Reyburn, Of New Orleans surgeon to the
commissioners and the escort Capt. Bandng, Of the South
Carolina volunteers and Mr.. Johnson, aitachd Of the
commission, accompanied the party, together with the Mess
Hargous Of Vera Cruz and New York. through whom is
presumed the money to be paid by Government to that
of Mexico is pass The composing the escort all
picked and might challenge the world comparison of SOL
dery appearance and high discipline. The officers too,
all gentlemen Of fine intelligence and do honor to the army
its representatives On the road where American troops had
been before, at every stopping place the people,
urged by curiosity, gathered round the command and it
amusing witness the expression Of wonder in their faces
they behed the American horsesone of which large
two Of theirs.
But little Of interest occurred on the road The Commits
every where received with poeness and when
they stopped at hacendas Of the wealthy, with hospital
f., he I a frop, sCua.
rearo the finest have in Mexico with the exception
of the valley Of Ozaba and is generally highly cultivated
Corn the staple production and is to
fields of from five hundred thousand but with that
ignorance Of the principles of agriculture which pevades
nearly all Mexico the field is planted with year al
year for twelve years. and the fact that good crops
are still grown the richness Of the SOIL This city is about
thousand feet lower than Mexico and the descent though
the country rather unduang than otherwise regular
With few exceptions, water sufficiently abundant for ga
ton. For the first forty fifty miles, the canal by which the
of Lake San Cristoba carried from the valley oMexco
into the Rio Tula branch of the Panuco together with the
lula ITSELF waters the country and during the remainder Of
the journey, where living wanting, found
immense tanks reservoirs for preserving rainwaier and
these frequently spaces Of forty, sixty, and eighty
Tula and San Juan del Rio the only the road
worth noting The river of the by the for
town. and considerable anoiher branch of the
Panuco by the latter Both towns very neat and each
has population of about four thousand The pazas pub
lie squares surrounded by shade and than
binary Mexican taste displayed in the aaoment Of both
towns. Two haciendas which stopped Zone named La
Golea and the other Aroyascoca elected general admiration
The grounds finely cultivated and extensive view Of
corn wheat and barley edsthe first well grown and the
latter rpened to that golden hue frequently the theme of
If Of havin
for rural life.
About FIVE miles from this city the Commissioners were met
by Mexican Of sixty ancers. commanded by Captain
Don Luis Pozilla. The the carriage in which the
Commissioners in sight, Don Louis NJ de Herrera,
Adjuant General of the Mexican army and COL Amon.e,
brother Of the ex-mnster Washington dashed forward
receive them. The American advanced and, passing
the Mexican escort at present. formed the right. The
Mexican troops then took the advance which they kept into
the city. Nothing be beautiful, at distance, than
the appearance Of those Mexican ancer Their uniform
is gaudy but when from aar, combined with the tn
coored pennon uerng from the lance, their appearance is
picturesque in the extreme As the procession entered the
city, found several carriages on the road, filed with the
respectable part Of the population waiting witness
entrance, and perhaps still curious 10 American
troops. The streets through which the Commissioners and
the troops moved filled with spectators and not only the
streets, bot the DOORS the galleries. and the housetops The
Commissioners found house prepared for them and their
suite, and the officers and comfortably quartcred by
night During the night stones thrown at the
men, and for time il feared that collision would take
place between troops and the people, but the fobcaance
Of the and the precautions taken by the officers prevent
ed IT, and since all has been quiet, Major Polk the day after
arrival, reported to the Government through the Com
mssioners this begerent conduct the part of the people,
and he received Of the protection OF the army and
the Government but confessed tina, the population
hostile the Americans, and request made that every
possible would be taken prevent collision
The city Of Querciaro from the road until you
arrive within about two miles Of it, when lays at your feet
you stand the summit Of steep hill Ahead far
the eye REACH extends beautiful plain, thirty forty
miles wide, enclosed by two ridges Of low mountains The
city built the only elevated spot be the plain,
and contains population vsousy estimated At thirty, forty,
and City thousand In the time Of the Spsniards il
fourishng and wealthy city, but now like most Mexican
cities bears the evidences OF rapid decay. In Mexico and
Puebla, decidedly the most prosperous cities have In
country, you will find frequently four FIVE families in
house, but you rarely find than one ard numbers
Of the houses in the suburbs entirely tenantess Rubo
owns cotton factory, OF the extensive in the
try within about miles Of the city, In which between three
and four thousand hands employed They have excellent
here owing the mun6cence spaniard the Mar
qus de vladi Who entirely at his own expense, brought
water into the city from spring twelve miles distant For