The examiner. [volume] (Louisville, Ky.) 1847-1849, 1848-08-05

BY TRK HlBrRsIA.
France.

The following is a resume of speec
/ delivered by M. Theirs in the t,ureaax O
the 30th ultinl0; on the question: OF reiec
: ing the preamble Of the Constitution cor
tanning the declaration OF rights lie sal
{ that in principle he much approved tina
! which was clear and certain, and that h
, had little taste for the vague, general am
declamatory declarations by which most Q
the French Constitutions were introduced
that the example OF preceding Revolutionary
assemblies was OF little weight, fer. alihoug
they had been eminent for patriotism an,
talent, they had less political experience
that the new Republic, Of which they al
desire the peaceable establishment, ough
not. If its success were desired, 70 endeayo
to initiate the first Republic Of 1872, bu
that il ought to distinguish its progress BY
simplicity Of Language and wisdom Of con
duct in short. by good sense.
This declaration OF rights and duties Die
continued) which. for my part, would moi
have adopted as preamble, is, how ever, SO
adopted. To suppress il now would, per,
haps, be more incOnvenient than advaa-
tageous, and our course must be to change
what is really defective in this Constitution,
and TO suffer that which is without defect TO
remain, in order not to give offence to cap
tious obiectors. On this ground | Admit
the principles Of declaration OF rights and
duties, and will consider it under one sole
point Of view--the utility or danger OF the
rights propoundei in it. For instance:
approve as Of high utility, in the midst Of
the anarchical ideas which are now attempt
ed to be disseminated the declaration Of the
double principle of property and family.
But it has been supposed that the declar-
alton as to two other principles could not
be dispensed with--the right OF relief and
the right to labor. think we should do
all We can for the people, keeping in view
at the same time what is possible, but do
not think we should promise them what is
impossible. To promise that which is i'm
possible is to deceive them. for which they
will afterwards take vengeance by insurrec-
ton. Let the right TO relief be proclaimed;
| see no great danger in this. for, with char
liable institutions we'll administered, more
loyalty developed, and better endowed than
those which exist. this promise may 10 a
certain extent be realised. Beside, Society
does its duty in succoring old age. in tend
ing sickness. and assuaging the in6rmities
which render labor impossible. But, TO
proclaim the right to emPloyment-is it not
to take an absolute engagement to furnish
at all times and at all seasons, occupation
to those who have it not!
IL we can possibly fulfil this engagement,
| will not oppose its being entered into; but
is there one whom address who will as.
sert that il can be fulflledl have reflect
ed great deal on what is now called "Or-
ganizalion du Travail "a new name for an
old thlng,) and | have deplorsa sho ;~Pr--
denes wish which questions have been rulsed
that are incapable Of solution. 1t is indis-
pensably necessary that in the Assembly
We should have calm and deliberate dis
cuss on on this subject, with all the princi-
pal chiefs and supporters Of this sect, in
which all respect shall be shown to men
and opinions; for we must ascertain il any
one possesses the secret OF remedying all
the lniseries Of the people; if any one pos
sess such secret, he must impart il; but if no
one possess il, then by none must such a
promise be made; for to promise, and not
perform, in such case, is TO insure The ef
fusion Of blood.
or this, the horrible scenes we have late.
ly witnessed, are the unanswerable proof
Meanwhile, until this discussion shall take
place, we mayj ask if any one here can
propose means Of always insuring work to
the operative classes. Doubtless an able
Government can, by legislation, by good
financial measures, contribute TO favor pro-
ducton, and increase employment but in
the richest and most industrious countries,
can any one prevent the industrial crises
which result from over-production, and
which are followed by suspension OF Ia
bori Can any one in these cases, which
happen too frequently, assure employment
TO the operatives? would not to promise il
be TO renew the recent and unhappy expert
ment Of the national workshops. The drain
ing the marshes, and agricultural colonies,
have been proposed as means Of furnish
ing, at these crises employment for the un.
occupied. 1ta4
But this would be sorry resource to OF.
fer to the unemployed workmers how could
you offer to a weaver or an engineer to go
into distant province 10 dig the earth!
Their removal, their inability, their inexpe.
rience, would render this resource more cru
ell than misery. do not however, re-
nounce, confess, the possibility Of propos-
ing some means which, to certain point,
may satisfy the double condition Of occupy.
ing the unemployed in periods of industrial
crises, and Of furnishing them with various
employments BETTING their several scalhngs.
Without becoming manufacturer or an
agriculturist, the State manufactures linen,
cloth, Shots, and arms for the troops; il
builds walls Of .fQStresses, carriages for ar
lITIH1ul n.... !.