The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1848-06-23

tHB NHVy.J WHO uCttu Hy BuIue
veyor to the Commissioners, on the morning we left
San Juan del Rio came very nearly being killed, with
two dragons, by robbers. We were warned at San
Juan which was the last place stopped at before
arriving at the city, to be the look out for robbers
but Capt Wyse disregarding the caution proceeded
with the two Dragons in advance Of the comma nd,
to order breakfast ~ Aroyasoc and when about two
miles from the town eight ten robbers rushed from
an ambush, with their cooked and attempted to
seize the brides of Captain Wyse and the dragons
The captain and the men unprepared with their
weapons, and fell back upon the comma nd, and as
they retreated, the robbers all fred upon them, but
fortunately missed The same day we learned that
the passengers in the stage going from Queretaro to
Mexico, and those in the stage coming from Mexico,
were robbed of every thing they had by this party
One of the robbers Rad the strap of Mexican officer
on his shoulder and some of the inhabitants of
Juan predicted the captain would be robbed We had
every reason to believe he was an officer 1t is not
uncommon for Mexican officers, and Others in this
country who style themselves respectable when from
gambling their fortu become desperate take to
the road until they obtain sufficient to return again to
the monte table.
About five miles from this city the Commissioners
were met by Mexican escort Of sixty lancers COM
manded by Capt Don Luis Poztilla. The nome mt the
carriage in which the Commissioners were was sight
Don Luis NJ de Herrera, Adjutant General of the
Mexican Army, and Col. Almonte, brother of the
Minister to Washington dashed forward to receive
them. The American escort advanced, and passing
the Mexican escort at present, formed the right
The Mexican troops then took the advance which they
kept into the city Nothing can be more beautiful at
distance than the appearance of those Mexican lam
GERS Their uniform near is gaudy, but when
terng from the lance, their appearance is picturesque
in the extreme AS the procession entered the city,
we found several carriages on tho road filled with the
most respectable part Of the population, waiting to
witness our entrance, and perhaps still curious
to American troops The streets through which the
Commissioners and the troops moved were filed with
spectators and not only the Streets but the DOORS
the galleries and the house-tops. The Commissioners
found house prepared for them and their suite, and
the officers and men were comfortably Quartered by
night During the night some stones were thrown at
the men, and for time 1t was feared that collision
would take place between troops and the people,
but the forbearance of the and the precautions
taken by the officers prevented it, and since all has
been quiet Major Polk the day after arrival report
ed to the government, through the Commissioners,
this belligerent conduct the part of the people,
and he received Of the protection of the
army and government, but 1t confessed that the
quest made that every possible would be
taken to prevent collision.
The city OF Queretaro is not from the road until
arrive within about two miles of It, when 1t lays
your feet you sta nd the summit of steep hill
Ahead as far as the eye reach, extends beautiful
plain thirty or forty miles wide enclosed by two
Of low mountains The city is built the only ee-
waited spot to be seen on the plain and contains po-
puaton variousy estimated at thirty forty and fifty
rishng and wealthy city, but now like most Mexican
Cities it bears the evidences of rapid decay In Mex-
and Pueba, decidedly the most prosperous cities
have in the country you will find frequently four
Ave families in house. but here you rarely find more
than one, and numbers of the houses in the suburbs
entirely tenantess. Rubio cotton factory,
of the most extensive in the country within
two miles of the city, in which between three and
thousand hands are employed. They have excellent
the Marquis de Viladil, who entirely at his ex-
pc brought water into the city spring twelve
miles distant For about 10 miles through the highlands
the water Is brought through tunnel and the remain
der ofthe distance passes through spe ndd
the arches of which from ninety hundred feet
high This work constructed previous to the
luton. Viladil. not content with constructing the
work at his cost, before his death the
city extensive estate the proceeds Of which he wed
should be appropriated to keeping the aqueduct in
pair. When Santa Anna on his return from Buena
Vista to Mexico he sold this estate public property
giving excuse that the exigen of the country
demanded the sale of all such property. Rubo the
purchaser, and Santa Anna lost power, the
people of the city to tear down the factory
unless the property given up and the proceeds a
propriated designed by the donor.
On the 24th the Commissioners were visited by the
principal members Of the Cabinet and the same day
they visited the President and presented their
tials You will find here with their speeches the
sion have endeavored to obtain the speech of Pena
Pena in reply, but up to this time have been unsuc-
cessfu On the 27th accompanied by Mr.. Clifford and
Rosa the officers of the escort and the citizens who
companied the Commission were, by invitation pre-
sented to the President They received in very
plainly. indeed may say meanly furnished room in a
private house, near the suburbs of the city Pena
Pena, and all the civil officers Of his government were
present. among whom was Anaya well Rosa, dress
cd in simple styie but at the very threshold of his
house was military guard and at the entrance of his
chamber stood a sentinel, showing what a mockery is
republicansm in Mexico. The manner Of introduce
ton the same among ourselves. The President
stood up each gentleman was introduced to him,
and shook hands. The introiUctions over, all sat
down, Rosa and Mr. Clifford the right Of the Presi-
dent andi maya and Major Polk his left Some ten
fifteen minutes were then consumed in conversa-
chiefly between Mr.. Clifford and Major Polk and
the President, and was expressive both sides of fe
lictatons on the prospect Of speedy peace and the
hope of long harmony between the two Countries
A delay has taken place in the exchange of ratifca-
tions in consequence of the national seal being in
Mexico, which the Mexican authorities declare
civ cot hat Tnr
and having been received the treaty will be signed
O'Clock this evening. The Commissioners have to-
day been endeavoring to obtain permission for
vary and artillery to leave the country by way of San
Luis Potosi and Sato but it has been refused in the
most positive manner, ana portion Of the army will
be allowed to go from the interior through any other
port than Vera Cruz or some in its immediate vi
cnity The Commissioners will leave for Mexico to-
morrow. Mr.. Clifford have already informed you,
will remain as Minister. General Butler will go to Vera
Cruz with MIR. Sewer, whose delay in Mexico will be
very short.
There are in this city and its vicinity $500 to 5000
troops and the place is filed with Mexican officers.
The intercourse between them and officers has
been most agreeable. They have dined each other,
and Wed In courtesies At the table the Mexican Of
hcers toast Washington Taylor and Scott, and Of
fcers return the compliment by drinking to Hidago
and Victoria and Santa Anna At any time u is diff
cult for Mexican to restrain his vain glory but when
under the influence of wine the greater number be-
come utterly disgusting. They all have badges, one
for Palo Alto and Resaca, another for Monterey,
again one for Buena Vista, and others for
all Of the battles the other line. Our officers would
politely inquire for wat these decorations
and they would Of deeds of valor which
them that would put the "Old Guard' to the blush
As well as can learn there about thousa nd
deserters whose terms of service in the Ameri
army expired previous to their leaving it, enrolled
In the Mexican army. Those who in this city,
nearly two hundred removed eighteen or TIVE nty
miles approach, but we daily meet men in SOL
ders garb the streets whom know, by their faces
u be from the American army They cannot now be
touched of The renal nder of the band Mt
San Luis Potosi Guanajua to and Guadalajara These
have been the preservers Of Pena Pena from
volution The Mexican soldiers and citizens have the
greatest fear of them, and at time when the go
vernment threatened by the population Of this city
with destruction these two hundred deserters station
ed here suppressed the instruction. They paid
higher and far regularly than the Mexican troops
and have stuck by Pena Pena throughout. II the
Mexican governme mt has not the to keep these
scattered through the country in small bodies,
they will yet be to it, for thousand of them
would terrify ten thousand Mexican troops.
HALr-PAsT Z. =. " The treaty has Just been signed
by Rosa and the Commissioners, and peace is made.
s.
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