Carroll free press. [volume] (Carrollton [Ohio]) 1834-1861, 1848-12-15

and sent to the Pacific, and are expected 10 ente
: upon the mail service between Panama and Oregon
and the intermediates points on the first Of Janua
~ next and a fourth has been engaged BY him fol
the service between Havana and Charges, so thai
a regular monthly line will be kept up after thai
time between the United States and our terrtorie,
on the Pacific
} Notwithstanding this great increase in the mai
service, should the revenue continue TO increase
the present year it did in the last there will be
received near 100000 dollars more than the expen-
ditures.
These considerations have satisfied the Postmas.
ter General, that with certain notifications Of the
Act OF ls45, the revenue may be still further in.
creased, and reduction Of postage made to a uni.
form rate of five cents, without an interference
with the present principle, which has been con.
stantly and properly enforced, of making that de.
partment sustain ITSELF
"A well digesled postage system is the best means
a. alnusng intelligence among the people, and is
OF SO much Importance in country so extensive as
that o. he United States, that recommend to your
favorable consideration the suggestions of the Post.
master General for its improvement
Nothing caI retard the onward progress Of
our country, and prevent Us from assuming and
maintaining the first rank amsng nations, but a
disregard Of the experience of the past.
A recurrence TO our immense public policy.
We have just closed a foreign war by an hon
orable peace-a war rendered necessary aud
unavoidable in vindicalion ofihe national rights
and honor, the present condition ofihe country
Is similar in some respects TO that which existed
Immediately slier the close of the war with
Great Britain, in 1915, and the occasion is
deemed 10 be proper one TO take retrospect Of
the measures of public policy which followed
the war. There was at that period of our his.
tory departure from our earlier policy. The
enlargement Of the powers ofthe Federal gov
ernment by construction which Obtained, was
not warranted by any just interpretation of the
Constitution. A few years after the close of
that war, aseries Of measures was adopted which
united and combined, constituted what was
termed by their authors and advocates the
"American system."
! The introduction ofthe new policy was for a
time favored by the condition oft country; by
the heavy debt which had been contracted du.
ring the war; by the deranged state of the finan.
ces and the currency; and by the commercial
and pecuniary embarrassment which extensive.
ly prevailed. These were not the only causes
which led to its establishment.
| The events Of the war with Great Britain, and
the embarrassments which had attended its
prosecution, had lcfl on the minds of many Of
our Statesmen the impression that our govern.
ment was not strong enough, and that TO WELD
its resources successfully in great emergencies,
and especially in war, more power should be
concentrated in its hands. This increased DOW.
er they did not seek to obtain by the Legitimate
and prescribed mode-an amendment Of the
] L.. L
governments in the Old World based upon diE
ferent orders Of society, and so constituted as to
throw the whole power of nations into the hands
Of few, who taxed and controlled tho many
without responsibility or restraint.
In thar arrangement they concevedh strength
of nations in war consisted. There was also
something fascinating in these luxuries; and dis.
play of the highten Orderwho drew their wealth
from the toll Of the laboring millions. The au.
thors OF this system drew their ideas Of political
economy from what they had witnessed in Eu.
rope, particularly in Great Britain. They had
viewed the enormous wealth concentrated IN
few hands and had seen the spleEdor of the
oVer'run establishments of an arisocracy which
was upheld by the restrictive policy. They
forgot 10 look down upon the poorer classes of
the English population, upon whose daily and
yearly labor the great establishments they so
much admired were sustained and supported
They failed to perceive that the scanty fed and
half clad operatives were not only in abject
poverty, but we're bound in chains Of oppres.
slve serVitude for the benefit of favored classes
who are the exclusive objects of the care of Ii Q
government.
1t was not possible to reconstruct society in
the United States upon The European plan; here
there was written constitution by which or
ders and titles were not recognized or tolerated.
system of measures was therefore devised.
calculated, if not intended, to Withdraw power
gradually and silently from the states, and the
mass Of the people, and by construction, to up,
proxlmate our government to European models,
substituting an aristocracy of wealth for that of
order and titles.
Without rejecting upon the dissimiority of
our institutions, and the condition of our peo-
pie and those of Europe, they conceived lhs
vain idea o. building up in the United States, a
system similar 10 that which they admired a.
broad. Great Britain had national Bank OF
large capital, in whose hands was concentrated
the monetary and financial powers of the nation;
an institution welding almost kingly power and
exerting vast influence upon all the operations
oftrode, and upon the policy of government its
elf Great Britain had an enormous public
debt, and it had become a part of her public po.
hey TO regard this as a ''public blessng."-
Great Britain, had also q restrictive policy which
placed felters and burdens on trade, and tram
meled the productive industry of the mass oI
the nation. By her combined system of policy
the Landlords and other properly holders, were
protected and enriched by the enormous taxes
which were levied upon the labor Of the coun.
try for their advantage.
Initiating this foreign policy, the first step is
establishing the new system in the U. S. wa,
the creation Of national bank, not foreseeing
the dangerous power and countless evils which
such an institution might entail upon the coun
Try, nor seeing the connection which it was do
signed to form between the bank and o,he
branches Of the miscalled "American System,
; but feeling the embarrassments of the treasury