Weekly national intelligencer., 1848-04-22

there the country sustain II that be so-and
unless tie Senator has coored dscoored the picture by h
ancy-aere will be Senators from that country in
hurry Our Southern friends not likely 10 admit repre-
senaves of this pebad with great haste st least ht
hoor Besides, there another difficulty In the way The
Rio Grande in the Of this territory OF New Mexico
with lis popu alton of sixty seventy thousand and Texas
adhere TO her claim after the treaty ast stood before the treaty.
or you admit the validity Of her claims ut least onehaif
the territory belongs to Texas and you can have ne new
State created there without her consent repeat sir
disturbed by those fears which to agtate the Senator
from Massachusetts, although do not mean to deny all force
to this objection
Bot them he speaks Of California and states that there will
be al least new Senators from that quarter. Pray when
those Senators to come from California He speaks
of California Siate and Of New Mexico State. But
they do here us States at ALL They here
Tenitoriesoose unorganzed Territories The Senator
speaks Of California u State What! State TO he ad-
med into this Union, embracing ten degrees OF latitude
The Pacific ocean, and extending from hive hundred TO
thousand miles into the interior We never have such
State admitted into this Union Before that country can be
represented here there be population to
authorize the creation of State and that too within territorial
limits bearing proportion TO the extent OF the largest
States Of this confederacy We must scoect what kind Of
country California is it can be farmed only by artificial irr
CATION II grazing country, where the wealth Of the in
habtanis consists in horses and cate and which must Of
cessy always be sparsely peoped How long. then, will it
be before there will be population concentrated in suii
cienty small space in California to justify the admission Of
State out OF that territory Neither 1850 1860 will wit
ness such result But, the SENATOR these States will
come in at suitable time y and that the only limitation
which the treaty imposes These TERMS grant, pretty
much what the party power peases say they do
But IN the OF Louisiana which under treaty stpulaons
was to be admit ed possible according to the prn
eples OF our federal constitution, the inhabitants Certainly Of
much better class than be supposed to exist in Mexico
and California and Of greater numbers demanded admttance
They claimed the right admission as treaty
right these words "suilabe time, intended merely
to invest in Congress clear discretion the subject But,
looking at the possible changes which may this body
between this period and 1885, it scarcely within range of
probability that friends the way WILL that early
day. need additional Senators from New Mexico know
thathese remarks do not sound agreeaby in the of po
cal friends but they nevertheless, true and it folly
shut our eyes ears TO the truth
pass to another aspect of this question There
consideration which very much commended the line Of this
treaty to my favorable regard II avoids practically all that
wreched question of the Wimo Pioviso and think that
the sober thoughtful men of the North will reflection view
the question in that light This line Of lhiy-two degrees
north latitude gives country which, apprehend can
never become permanently slave country 1t grows no
cotton sugar. rice, tobacco II is not at all adapted to
slave labor Tn the contrary Of Southern friends
actually object to the line the ground that at future
day may be the of surrounding the South with tier
of free States In connexon, then, with this exciting and
unhappy question: this view Of the treaty vastly important
with the utmost respect for the feelings and
judgment of ohes-I hold have ever held 10 be
positive institution. exist nowhere except by force Of
positive law There slavery in the territory which
acquired by the treaty. Ii citizen OF the South go there
with his slave, and that slave escapes Of his neghbor
employ him. the master cannot ver court Of justice
either the slave the value of his labor II he that the
slave is his property he must show that he That
be shown only by municipal law and need not say that
when called show that the produce the
statue-book of South Carolina 1t for this our
constitution provided for surrender Of fugitive slaves. Our
municipal laws too, provide generally the free States for
visiters holding their while in the State ranseny. Mol
with him the law Of the State from which he emf
prae In ia code andc
applicable to the slave. If slave strikes his maser-f
other harbor save-here is penalty imposed The slave
dcbarred from the witness stand and under many other
restrictions. Wel when the master carries his slave Cali
orna Of these municipal regulations accompany him
man stands there whether he be black white
The argument then simply to this the country acqur
ed by the treaty is free and Notwithstanding the
ment OF my friend from Alabama, (Mr BAGBr,) hold that
there principle better settled than that the laws Of ihe
country which take remain they until they are
changed by positive enactment Now the only remain
ing question is that country become permanently
slave country hold that it cannot Thus, then, the adop
ton Of this line practically avoids this great evil opposed
TO all extension of slavery opposed TO all extension Of
this principle of representation But while entertaining these
sentiments will turn fanatic, and set the world fire
Of abstraction, theory, unattended by
practical results Representing constituency with nothing
at all akin political abolition about hem rejoice in the
termination Of this in which avoids to great
extent this dlstracting and dangerous question.
have expressed my views at length former
gress to limit slavery in the territories While discamng all
Identification with Northern aboionists Of any kind creed
will sustain the rght-the law. Liberal Of the North
suffer constantly from being placed 10 false position and
ranked side by side with those with whom they have a sin
gle feeling in II the South would bot understand
the feeling Of right minded the North, would be
that there substantial difference Of opinion between them
Right minded men, mutually understood, generally stand To-
gether But in reference to the power impose this ma
ton, there difference OF opinion. find that in the last
October number of the Southern Review review which
take this occasion say alike distinguished by its literary
excellence and general abliy-my this subject
characterized ssutra audnsrsn" In that article find
the first aboed attempt to sustain the position that Congress
has power egislae upon this subject The review col
ecs all the facts and all the Arguments bearing this sub
ect and furnishes what doubt not will be staple for many
Southern speech, both in Congress and out OF it. But it
wholly fails shake my confidence in the soundness Of
views II Congress has not the power legate upon this
subject power do exists nowhere and we have then
the spectacle presented Of political community large in
bers, in territorial extent, incapable Of gsatng upon
subject which is only essential will be essential
their prosperity, but may be their absolute safety Before
arrive such conclusion the TO sustain ought
certainly be unanwerabe Either the power egislate
this subject exists in Congress- the whole history the gs
aon Of the country from beginning has been assump
ton. From the beginning Congress has acted the prn
cple Of possessing this power. After certain number Of in
habans have been collected tetory-5 000then there
has been vested in governor legislative council and
OF representatives the authority make all laws for the good
Of the district This power is thus clearly delegated by Con-
grcss to the Territorial Legislature, acting with the OF the
governor the federal appoine without whose signature
law be valid has indeed been suggested and think
tb.ttl IL Gun ~