Southport telegraph. [volume] (Southport, W.T. [i.e. Kenosha, Wis.]) 1840-1850, 1848-12-22

VIII intervene before California and New Meyic,
may be admitted as States into the Union From
Tue tde OF population new flowing into them, il i
highly probable and this will soon occur
Considering the several States and ihe citizens O
'ne several States as equals, and entitled to equa
rights under the Constitution, if this were an orig
MAJ question, it might well be insisted on that tn,
PHncpie OF Northumberland is the true doctrine
ana that Congress should not in the absence of any
rights ~'''''
Cpon great emergency, however. and unde,
lilehaclhg dangers to the Union the Missouri Com.
promise III respect to slavery was adopted The
same line was extended further west in the acouisi
toH vi 1eAas- Alter an acqueScence of nearly
thirty years in the principle OF compromise. recon
hlzed and established by their acts md TO avoid tie
"di'ger 10 the Union which might follow if il ver.
no" o'SFegarded have heretofore expressed the
oP'ioh That that line of compromise should b.. ey-
tended on the parallel of IS degrees 80 minutes
from the Western boundary OF Texas where il now
teammates, TO the Pacific ocean. This is the mid
"'0 S'o'iu OF compromise, upon which the differ
| THt scc'ohs OF the Union may meet, as they have
heretofore met. Ii this be DONE it is confidently
oeieVed large majority of the people OF every see
t'oA OF the country, however widely their abstract
opinions on the subject of slavery may differ would
eheeiUIiy, patroticay acquiesce in it, and peace
anu harmony would again fill our borders.
Inc restriction north of this line was only welded
10. as IN the case of Missouri and Texas, upon u
PIihcpe OF compromise made necessary for the sake
oi preserving the harmony, and possibly the exist
eAce OF the Union.
1t was upon these considerations that nj tbo cIoso
OF your last session, | gave my sanction to the prin
cPie OF The Missouri compromise iime by approyiur
ana signing the. bill to establish the Territorial
Government in Oregon" From sincere desire TO
preserve the harmony Of the Union, and IN defer
ence TO The acts of my predecessors, | felt con-
ua"'tu 10 Yield my acQuescehce TO the extent to
NIica lley mad gone in compromising tins delicate
ana dangerous question But ii Conrress shall now
reserve the decision by which the Missouri compro-
mise was eilcccd, and shall propose to extend the
/ RESTRICTION over the whole territory, South as we'll
as North OF the parallel of 35 degrees 30 minutes
u "'I cease 10 be compromise, and must be reggr-
aed as AN original question.
! Il Congress, instead of observing the corrse of
on-!hterierrnce. leaving the adoption of their do
! 'h's"c institutions to the people vino may iuhabt
'h'se territories or IT, instead Of extending the Ms
solfl compromise line to the Pacific. shall prefer to
submit the legal and constitutional questions which
may arise 10 the decision o. the judicial tribunals. as
was proposed in bi!l which passed the Senate at
your last session. adjustment may be effected in
this mode II the whole be referred 10 the iudicia
rE All parts OF the Union should cherriully acauesce
III tle hnal decision OF The tribunal erected bv the
constitution for the settlement of all questions which
may arise under the constitutions treaties and laws
| OF the United States
congress Is earnestly invoked, for the sake Of the
ohon' It's harmony, and our continued prosperity
aS nation, to adjust at its present session this the
only dangerous question which lies in our path-if
not IN some OF the modes suggested. in some other
way which may be satisfactory.
In the anticipation of the establishment Of repu-
lar governments over The acquired territories Joint
coHihi>aoh OF officers OF the army and navy has
oeel ordered TO proceed to the coast of California
orpUOn he of
Sahces and report as to the proper sites for the
erection OF Notifications other defensive works on
iahd' and Tor suitable situations for naval stations
The other information which may be expected from
a scientific and skliu examination of the whole
lace o the coast Will be cmnently useful TO Con-
gress, when they come to consider the proDrietv of
making appropriations for these great national OBJ
JectS. Proper decnces on land will be necessary
Tor the security and protection of our possessions
ana iAe establishment OF navy yards and dock for
me repair and construction OF vessels. will be inn
poftaht alike TO our navy and commercial marine.
Without such establishments, every vessel, whch-
er OF the navy or merchant service, requiring re-
pair, mast, at great expense, come ro1nd Cape
Horn to one of our Atlantic yards for that purpose
WIN such Establishments vessels. it Is believed,
MAJ ot OdiIt or repaired rs cheapIy in California
upon the Atlantic coast. They would give employ
lnent to many of our eutcIprsug ship builders and
mechanics, and enlarge our commerce in the Pa
ciiic
As it is asccrtaned that mines Of gold, silver cop
per and quicksilver abound in New Mexico and Cal
norma, and that nearly all the lands where they
found belong to the United States, ii is deemed mn
Poitdht To the public interests that prov br made
Tor geographical and minerao yical examination OF
these regions Measures should be adopted To pre-
serve the mineral lands, especially such as contain
the precious metals for the OF the United states
or II brought INTO market, to separate them from
the farming lands, and dispose of them in such
manner rs to secure large return of money to the
treasury, aud at the same time lead To the develop
ment OF their wealth by individual propristors and
purchasers. To do this, it will be necessary 10 pro-
vide for an immediate survey and location Of the
lands. lfCOngresS should deem proper 10 dispose
OF the mineral lands. they should be sold in small
quantities, and at a fixed minimum price.
/ recommend that surveyor generals offices be
authorized to be established in New Mcuco and
California, and provision made for surveying and
bringing the public lands into market the earliest
practicable period In disposing of these lands, |
recommend that the right of pre-. Inpton ~
cd, and liberal grants made t" the early cipigrants
who have settled or may settle upon them.
1t will be important 20 extend our revenue laws
over those territories and especially over { torrla,
At an carly period There is already cor-d "a
bic commerce with California. and until ports Of en-
try shall be established and collectors appointed, no
| revenue can be received.
lfthesc and other necessary and proper measures
be adopted for the development of the wealth and
OF New Mexico and California. .nd r.gu-
lar territorial governments be established over them.
such will probably be the rapid enlargement Of our
commerce and navigation, and such the addition 10
the national wealth, that the present generation
may live TO witness the controlling commercial
and monetary power Of the world transferred from
London and other European Emporuns to New
York.