The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1848-11-13
The Meet OF the Discovery OF Gold and
Coal In California, ON the Engush.
Hiram ths Linn don standard, Oct. ~

Calfornia as noticed in our last number We find
that We have omitted 10 state the discovery OF ano-
tber mineral slore important In some repects than
even cold IT'S IF, namely, COAL on the borders of
the Bay of San Francisco. This will greatly facl-
6,ste the proposed steam commune alton between
thai port and China, TO which latter country
GOOD steamer may go from San Francisco IN little
more than three weeks. II will also be of great
service 20 the line of steamers determined on by
the American government to run from Panama to
the Columbia River. A short nme also, will, We
doubt not, see railroad made from the more
western borders Of the United States, as known
before the peace with Mexico, across the Rocky
Mountains to the Pacific at San Francisco. That
active officer, Colonel Fremont, has already set
out on journey TO explore route for that pur-
pose, and should he find, as he most probably will
find, a practicable passage thr ough the Rocky
Mountain chain about the head-waaers of the Ar
Kansas, which runs lRto the Mississippi and the
Green River, great and head branch Of the Colo.
RADIO, which runs into the Cult of California, or in
lat Al deg by the Platte or Kansas Rivers, which
run INTO the Missouri, then communication by
steam the eastern rivers and by ral TO the Pacific
will speedily be effected. The head-walers of the
Arkansas, the Kansas, the Platte, and the Colorado
come very near to, IN fact almost interlock with,
each other and there is every probability that rail-
road may be found practicable, keeping to the
north OF the Color ado, and to the south Of the con-
meeting range, which runs from the Rocky Noun
talDs TO the Sierra Nevada or more prone rv sneak
ing, the eastern wing OF that chain, and running
along by the loot OF the most southern point of that
last named chain, In about lat. 81 30 N, and lon
III 80 w, and thence running N. w. into the RIO
Joaquin, end along IL to the Bay of San Francisco
This Effected, would complete very rapid llne of
commercial communicated between the Atlantic
and the Pacific. and add prodlgiously TO the wealth.
power, and influence of the UGited States. We
are confident few years Will see such commu-
nlcaton completed.
Amongst other matters impol tant for this country
10 know, is the vast number of emgrants arriving
IN the United States from Europe, aud more
especially from the United Kingdom, and which
constantly adding to the numbers, the wealth,
and the power of those States. From sunrise TO
noon 500 emigrants landed at New York, and IN
the afternoon $50 more landed, making 275O in
day, all IN health and spirits, and the greater
portion, says the Neto York Herald, from Great
Britain. From May to December, 1917, there
landed l29, 0S2, and from LIST January TO August
ls4S, 1l0l04 were landed, making 239, 1856 IN
fifteen months; of these, 3d. $50 were Germans and
81, irish. Every month the numbers arriving
were lncye aslng
In reference to the agricultural produce and pros
pery OF the United States, these papers that
aboul y miles below Cincinnati, on the Ohio there
ss a field OF corn covering 5000 acres, the crop of
which (about eight yrs. to the acre) is valued at
$4,000 This can be carried down the river to
New Orleans at a trting expense, and shipped
from that port to England at very low rate of
freight, The land Pays neither rent, taxes, poor
nsts. under free trade, compete with this Ger
talnly not
[From the London News, Oct l2l
We always thought that it the Spanish race was
mines and working them. In Mexico espec ally,
from the time OF the iovasion OF Cortez to the ex-
pulsion Of Rodl, gold-fnding seemed the only
branch of industry to which the hidalgo race
would ,condescend or would apply. And yet here
have the Spaniards been, some hundred years, in
possession OF country where gold Is found to be
Ike "fiakes OF snow and they saw 1t not
Jonathan" coveted North California sinolv for
its hides, and for Its harbour of San Francisco
But no sooner does he get possession OF it than his
Keen seen, r,,,~ discovers the great object of hui
man pursult-gold.
There appears to be little doubt that considerable
quantities of the precious metal have been fouad
on the Rio Sacramento, which empties itself into
the Bay OF San Francisco and, as may be sup
posed, the discovery has had magical effect on
the population The habits of this population aud
their trade are nowhere better described than In
the graphic pages OF 1.-Two Years before the
Mast" 1t would require Dana's pen to depict the
present me tamorphosis. The coast aud Its towns
are deserted of their population. Hide curers and
and active Sandwich Islander, men, women, and
children, have all set off for the Sacramento, with
every house utensil that could hold water to serve
wash earth, for the finding the precious metal
ic sediment. Never did pots and pans reach such
a price Earthenware is worth its weight in sll-
yer. A wooden bowl is quite fortune. revo-
luton similar to that which has affected the hui
man race IN so many European scapltals, notably
In Paris, Berlin, and Vienna has befallen Califor
MIA crcckery. And whilst printers devils have
become statesmen, and taken to represent in the
mugs, jugs. ana IOIIi08eTS nave SOiQ ana been
priced as costly plate in the other.
Indeed, the resemblance might be carried far
iher, the Californian revolution not having been
confined 10 crockery. The discovery Of gold in
the Sacramento, like that of communism on the
Seine, has produced a confusion of rank and
startling degree of equality. The governor and
the mepdicant, the Indian and the Don, the con-
quering Yankee and the subject Lepero, stand side
by side, up 10 their knees, In the sands of the
yer, stopping, poking, scraping, washing all intent
on the one gleat object. Meals neglected, and,
when had, paid for at price that distances the
Clarendon-vestment forgotten, dignity thrown
aeide the comforts and the decencies of life alike
lost IN the American Pactolus. Even politics have
disappeared, and republicanism ceased to be
preached tor the moment; for two newspaper edl-
Tors have declared themselves without readers
and have deserted pen and scissors for spade and
bowl
We must hear more of this FL Dorado before
We bestow upon il serious attention. There are
some textures which will not bear many weeks
washing, and the gold mines of Sacramento may
be OF them II may even happen that this
discovery OF gold may IN the end produce poverty,
not wealth. The vessels which are weekly crowd
ing in great numbers the harbor Of San Francisco.
will be too numerous to export the gold, while
they may no longer get the provisions, the hides
the produce, which they sought Old Spain knows
well what 1t Is TO have POI iulatlon abandon the
cultivation OF the SOIL in order to wander forth in
search OF gold, the peninsula having not yet re-
covered the effects of that mania. Population
however, Will nat fail in the Sacramento, for the
American press Is so busy working the mine of
wonder, that We should not be surprised to find
the population OF whole States migrating over the
Rocky Mountains int the fabulous regions of
North California.
SINGULAR OCcURRENCE.-The following circura-
stances OF an occurrence which recently took
place in q neghborng town though they bear strongly
he Marvellous come to in a reliable and well
authenticated form. An old man. upwards OF seventy
years OF age by the Of Be nson, inhaEant OF
LIZ pdon, whose chief occupation during the past sum.
has been the gathering Of ivy and other leaves
for the purpose Of dististon, lett his home on Mon
day, the $50 plt with the intention of passing the
day In his accustomed pursuit Falling to return that