New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1848-07-05

erumenis IN the Of Necunoeh she s,ae q
May Wheston. az the Chef Justice giving the
opinion Of the Court speaking n this .rcle and he pow
~s u Congress grow Of H. apples the Terrio
nal Goyerumeots and says all sdml lher constuuonsty
Add again the ~ The Amcuean lpsor.nce Comr-ny
g. Can,rr Peters - ~ m speak 81 ne ce-s0u q Flor.
"a nuasr he treaty with Spain he says hsi ordA unui
he shall become safe, continues % BE- Territory u he
United States, governed BY virtue q hAi clause N ne
C,.fr.r y heb empowers Congress % ake al nceocl
rules and regulations respecting ne territory or otDef prop
cry Of he Cued SS,es In tniied Mat" vs. "a'0f
-Perhap The powered governing the territory ee.oosng
the United States, which has uo og nreoint s..s
acc red the means 81 segovernmeni, msy result necss
sary from he within The lufisccon o.
sny nar',r Sfsfr and : within the power and srsdie
ion II The Uniei Saies The ngh 10 govern may De Nc
inevitable consequence OF the rgm 10 SECURE rffhoff
Whchever nav Be he source hence the power derived
- possession = urCgestoned -CaiQ yAn.s
~ fnecaa iashrases Company ~ Caate fe'e'N -
m sht refer 20 other decisions Of the court IN N'..u
TIE same pnncpei recognized, though lcss ur'SLy
perhaps but sustaining the Interpretation OF me
Constitution, and giving validity 10 the legislative pre-
ccdents have cited. Writers constitutional lA~
lRawie Sergeant >tory) IN this construction.
In short Il believed thst power exercised under the
Constitution OF such magnitude that Of governing the
Territories belonging 10 the United states has been more
nsornv scouesced In from the formation of the Gov.
rep, 10 the present day, and In al its departments
legislative executive snd Judicial No system OF rules
voulf be- safe n is authority could De- disputed aud
overturned IN the face Of such comprehensiVe aud long
continued sanctions. Government law, social snd 20.
H,ical order would become unstable, uncertain and
worthless as safeguards, either % property or me-
their foundations could be thus sspPed ana undermine
by o.ca subtlety and rehnemcnt-oy ne" versions OF
the Constitution A. war with is ancient interpretations
and running % the whole course OF thc Peohe
administration from the earliest period OF time
And here Mr. President, / dismiss the question OF
power H. As think the affirmative il sustained some
thing nevertheless, remains 90 De considered power
may be possessed and yet u may not be usni 20 eNeft
IT. exercise must De iusfined By consideration, OF
public or private advantage must not work either
public or private wrong propose TO consider Il un'
der~his sspcct
-. ~ g., ,fa.. f,,s,s O., s., ,,sh,,g L.,
gard % private interests excepting this that there IL
no proposition before us 20 interfere with Slavery where
Il exissno restriction on the exercise OF private OF
personal rights within the sphere OF the local avs IN
der which they arise. The question before as u,
whether slaves sha be permitted 20 be introduced into
Oregon. or whether their introduction shall be proho
ted Il is remote Territory. generally conceded
Though in this DO not concur as shall hereafter ex'
plain fully not likely 10 be occupied by slaves,
II they were allowed to be carried there The fact that
u generally admitted be unit for Slave Labor must
diyest the question OF all practical infringement ~ pm
waite rights IN the estimation OF those who lake
extreme views of the subject shall therefore consid'
il only in It's bearing upon great public Interests
Mr. President consider this question, IN the form II
has assumed as involving the extension of Slavery. |
consider IL so under the motion 20 strike cat the I'm
section which substantially prohibits the Introduction
of slaves INTO Oregon But 10 is INSIDE 20 more parucu'
larry by the amendment oAcrcd by my friend nom MIS-
sissippi Mr. Davis which provides
THAT nothing contained m ms sct shs oe 50 eohs'u
A. authorize The prohibition OF Domestic slavery IA 'Aa
Territory while remains In he condition OF Territory "
the United states ,.-
understand this az an assertion of the right 20 carry
slaves into Oregon, both against the interference OF
Congress and the desire of the inhabitants TO exclude
fhem understand t maintaining the right 10 miro
duce Domestic slavery INTO Oregon THIS i EXTENSION,
md against the wishes OF the inhabitants who ha'e
prohibited this introduction. Let me then, present
some considerations concerning this whole subject OF
extension.
,Thoss who oppose the extension of slavery to wider
limits believe that such extension promotes the multi.
pcsron OF slaves On the other hand IL is commended
tina, il makes no addition 20 their numb.rs nut metey
spreads them broader surface. This position u
believed 10 be wholly inconsistent with all the received
laws OF population The tendency OF the human race
h. 10 increase IN compound ratio OF the extent and
producveness of the surface which II "a sustained
The highest possible impulse Is given 10 this increase
in AN unoccupied country. distinguished tor rs ictuly
and offering rewards for the products OF labor
This Is the character of our own soil wherever slave
labor can be carried i will for time. be produ tive
Missouri affords a strong illustration OF the ruin OF TINS
proposition That state lies wholly norm OF 20 W
north latitude, excepting strip about thf} nies WAC
On the Mississippi running down 70 te thfty-siN,h
norsllel and vet though far north, slavery made
rapi progress there after her admission into the Union
By the census of s2O there were O slaves IN leJo
81 so an increase of 40 per cent In ten years and
in 1870 y 2l0 increase OF o per cent IN ten years
For several years the slave population increased more
rapidly than the free. In all new and icrthe soils
where the demands for labor are urgent TINS VIII be
the inevitable result The multiplication of the human
species Is governed hy laws ndeNbe and certain ~
those which govern the reproduction OF vegetable NE
In both the stimulus. Whatever II may De, coh-ulhWs
the law Of the increase am aware mat the rHuo oi
increase in Missouri both In respect 20 the white ana
| black race was materially modified by immigration
and 10 that extent the result Is independent OF the APP
| pcaton of the principle have stated. But x can
hardly denied that surface productive surface Is e
great element in our extension Il u TINS alone when
has carried the ratio OF our increase lar beyonc tnAt
of any other people II had been restricted 70 me
area of the thirteen original States how different would
have been the result of our decenna enumerations =
The same principle governs the "hite ana he Diack
N.m al..taN and
ton both though not everywhere with tho same
/ Intensity. -,
II these conclusions are Just enlargement OF the
surface over which slavery spread carries with IT, ~
| force of nvincibe laws a multiplication Of the race
held in bondage in other words substantial increase
Of the number OF slaves Extension In respect To sur
| face Is multiplication in point Of number The two
propostio be legtmatey separated either 10
reasoning or in practice In this view Of the subject
the extension OF Slavery Il reproduction OF the orgi
nal responsibility of introducing Il and In this respect
70 has a raj bearing 10 which the great mass oil inc
| community cannot be Indifferent
Mr. President, in providing for the Government OF
our Territories while they continue subject To the cx
elusive regulation OF Congress no view Of me subject
would be- complete which OyerlOOks the part We are
performing in the great movement OF cVlh1ed so'ley
on both sides OF the Atlantic. Let us iurn our hehton
10 some Of the considerations which suggest
connection with this point II requires n" powers OF
prophecy 70 fOrete that destined 10 spfe'h our
selves the greater portion OF the American CONT
this side the great lakessouth 70 me deh-sy
peopled portions OF Mexico, and west to the Paeihc
Nor il Il aD idle dream Of the Imagination 10 iorcsee ~
our poit a organization the foundations OF nm empire
| Increasing more rapidly and destined 10 expand TO
broader limits than the Roman Republic not an empire
ike the latter founded in war, and propagauDg ltsei
~ brute force but empire founded In peace and ex
tending Itself by industry enterprise and me arts OF
civilization Rome in receiving into her bosom the
surrounding population she conquered thctn' M
.truced them In the Of war, and made them the IN
stnIments Of aggressions. We receive INTO ours
the surplus population Of the Old World to instruct
them in the OF peace and 10 accelerate thf inarch
Of civilization across the Western continent There 10
nothing in the history human society calculated TO
exat 10 as the spectacle preseDt-receiFDg INTO tne
bonds Of friendship and admitting 10 the rights o cru
zenshp the surplus OF the Oyerpeoped ana over gov
| erned countries Of Europe. These annual additions
constitute an element Of Uncomfortable i0rce IN tne
ao OF our progression In the last quarter OF CEN
tury-about the period take for duplication OF our
uumbers--we have received from the United hinRdom
"a Great Britain and ireland alone. nearly million OF
immigrants and from continental Europe we have hsH
large additions These drsns the one hand and ac'
cessions on the other not only likely TO continue
5ut 10 Increase in force. Asurpus population PROVIDED
Tor BIZ grafton, Is certain 70 BE- regularly rrpfonoceo
Europe therefore, will no,be numerically weskenenD ~
these annual drains though they should De n1eh
nitely augmented and every addition 10 our numbers
| rom abroad renders the force u immigration more
intense by relaxing the ties which bind 70 tner DArvs
Ill ~ fsltf