New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1848-09-13

tl' OF infffIsI aiNl. iUr
son. does not rank D.. ID .n their regards
nave taken some pains 90 tate tle extreme South
ern views on this question with perfect fairness as
understand them from the writings and speeches o.
their prominent advocates and have done 20 ior two
reasons. frsf because do not believe they Pre- gsner
and correctly understood nc the NORTH and second
because 10 IL essential fo the inquiry We ere conduct
uz. that The tue state 90 things IN the region re-
ierred 20 should be- known tnst We may contrast Il
with The condition OF other portions OF the people Of
this Union and Judge how ia the iheory adapted % the
one may be- applicable % the other.
You need le told that this i aso the modern the
cry o. English statesmen and writers. By system
directly opposite 4 in every particular which has
been continued for hundreds OF years England has
been egsDled % make the world tributary 70 her inter
e-ts, and % build up her mighty fabric q wealth and
power But result not quite 20 agreeable hs- a.
tended that system population excessive and dspro-
toned o. her territory. Tor whom employment and sub
sistence must be found To this state Of things her
modern theory Is better adapted, as j. calculated %
deter other nations from entering into competition with
Der w0rkmen and her writer's ak US 10 permit her 10
supply us With her u,anulactures. very much on her
own terms 10 she has the monopoly. and that shall
pay for them 81 long we can IN raw materials for
her Workshop sud IN such Agricultural products
sne may not raise and which may be able 10 afford
orher cheaper than her immediate nei-hbOrs 20 whom
-he offers the terms and trade, which j. thus
limited and restricted. Is called Free Trade.
These views are adopted. also. by our importing and
exporting merchants and by the owners OF ships for
the obvious reason that hv such system they may levy
contributions from the producers both sides IN the
shape Of iregEs forth and backoi proni on imported
articles commissions on sales OF exports aud on adv an
ces and ike operations This interest although main
tanned the expense OF producers and mechanics. Of
course finds he advocates
such are the extreme views on the side and the
reasons and grounds which really induce their support
whatever may be the distractions OF political econo
nis and the professions Of philanthropy urged n'neir
behalf
On the other side there are also extreme views which
would cOntue our agricultural products almost cNcu
nHHNH aNUIlI1 OF Ms
create and maintain such market BY high o9untes on
own manufactures, IN the shape Of prOhOitory du
ties upon foreign fabrics Of heavy aud excessive ln
posts upon them without reference 10 the amount OF
revenue required for the purposes Of governmn or 10
the interests of commerce and navigation. Perhaps
there lew who would push their views 10 this eN
tent but propositions are sometimes advocated "hlch
would lt al 90 such result ne-e propositions coHe
from manufacturers who. Ike the other classes refer
red TO- have eye that confines is range to their own
peculiar interests
Having never been partisan on either side, and
having no interests present prospective 10 crafty IN
the decision of this question feel that can approach
without prejudice OF any other bias than lnat "hich
may be- caused by the love OF my own country IT. ~
erest ard il people in preference b all others II j.
apprehended that political party feelings can be
wounded by frank open and candid discussion Oi the
subject IL is not party questiOn-t II, IN iac local
one states known for their support Of party are
equally well known tor their adherence TO nat some
cho Sc 10 call the American Sysem and prominent IN
digiuas OF The other party are known 10 be no-te 10
that system. But 20 farther ana deny the nsht OF
politicians 30 seize upon topic OF universal interest,
and appropriate il To elcctio1eU ring purposes. The
great mass have interests which are superior 10 the
cphemtr success defeat Of party leaders ana tney
should not suffer themselves to be- compelled 10 take
one side or another when the truth may perchsncc be-
found between both And have the lees reluctance 10
engage ia this discussion after the example 81 the as
uugushed whose address was read 10 you Al your
last anniversary The tendency Of that address was To
favor the extreme Southern view which has been eN'
hibcd 10 you and To convince you that your reliance
Tor the purchase and consumption OF the products o'
your farms, should 5c upon "a foreign market ] am
quite that you not only willing but DESTROYS 10
hear examination Of the grounds OF that opinion
conducted with all the respect for great merit ana Lgh
talent which the occasion demands aud when long a.
ISOLATION and the most agreeable personal relations
have deeply impressed upon me. And am equally
confident that name however distinguished can cast
any shadow your held OF vision which your pene
traton viii not dss'pate.
The author OF the last wears Address combats the
idea OF oclasirc domestic market for your Asricu
tura abundance IN this heartily agree with him.
The narrow and sordd policy of China aud Japan j.
destructive OF Industrial and Social Interests as u Is
hostile % CigilizHt on and Improvement.
But the Address referred 10, goes much farther II
urges the paramount importance Of the foreign market
seeks 10 snow the nprobabty of adequate home
con.umpt on and advocates those reciprocal CONNER.
cial arrangements lately 50 much culogled by English
writer's which will admit into the respective countries
free OF duty the Agricultural products of cre and the
Manufactures If the other. Although this Is not dis
tinc,ly avowed, yet think there can be no mistake
that such is the impression produced on the mind by
the tenor Of that address. At ali events. this i me
doctrine which mean 10 contest and II u be not mat
Of the address referred to. 30 much the better.
You need not be told that this system OF reciprocal
commercial Arrangement IN other words, Free trade
would be the inevitable deahblOw 10 most OF our man
ufactures and would prevent the establishment OF
others so long as the system continued. The conse-
Guence would be- and thai is what Is intended by Us al
vOcates among us, that our chief and main reliance Tor
the purchase Of our agricultural products must De on
nd 70 Ia
system that destroys, intentionally, our domestic mar
ket And the greater part OF the argument OF tne last
years address is designed TO reconcile us to TINS re-
suit Surely no question Of social and pecunary inter
est more mOmentous 20 US and our posterity can De
presented and none deserving the most profound
and deliberate consideration.
The reasons assigned why we must depend upon
foreign market chiefly these That our Agrcultufh
products already far exceed the consumption OF our
own country As was shown by the large exports to
the demands OF the famine IN Europe the last year
That in hest cultivated counties there are yet
large tracts of land wholly unimproyed that we nave
immense territories organized and unorgsn.zed' and
almost bCundess tracts IN the states OF the rcnest
soil which destined for the pillow and that with the
great discoveries and mprOyeme made IN Asricul
ura science and practice Il Is next 10 lmpossloe 10
measure our Ayricutura capacities, or TO Tx limit to
our surplus production. And the consequence IS mat
these incalculable products seek market abroad
that existing at home being inadequate to tneir
consumption.
Now this view, il seems TO me. assumes the very
point dispute 1t proceeds upon the supposton that
our people will almost exclusively devote themselves
70 Agriculture, that considerable portion OF them
will be drawn OF TO other pursuits and tna tne
nted states Of North America, Is 10 supply the word
with breadstufs and provisions. The very OBJECT OF
those who advocate the establishment OF manufacture
20 afford lucrative employment for labor 10 other tna
agricultural products and thus prevent this undue ana
dlspFOportonate absorption OF labor and capital ID any
one channel. They deprecate most disastrous IN.
policy which would hazard the prosperity oil the coun
Try upon the cast Of single die.
They deprecate this very extension oi s2rcuiursl
pursuits evil in itself which can be checked only
BY the timely diversion of labor into other channels
And 10 accomplish this, they would proVide induce
msnts IN ygatiOn, IN mechanical employments ull
chiefly in manufactures Of every kind to the aDofeTs
and capitalists Of the country 20 seek those occupations
They ado what one will deny that this course oil
policy would relieve agriculture from superaoun
dance OF labor and az the time 10 great eAent
absorb the OF it products To argue then IN
favor OF d foreign market upon the hypothesis uai
there Will and can be- little no other employment
than agriculture for the great masses OF our people IL
70 assume without proving il what Is most strenaonsy
denied on the other side Ii i maintained that Il only
requires the exhibition Of facts and the PLAIN nierences
from them TO convince intelligent country tna
nothing can be more injurious % them than the dspro
oortioned concentration OF labor and capital upon any /
one interest that Il must necessarily and inevitably Dc
overdone and uroftess and that diversity Of labor and
variety OF employment mutually stimulate and sustain