Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1848-12-11

tiles are would not But however this may be- the
question involving Us it does, principle of equality
Of rights Of the scparatcanl several States as equal
gardcd. - III IN III
In organizing governments ovcr thceo Territories III
duty imposed to.-rca NY ta ituiion rcl uireS
th2 tlcy sA51l i2E.s KIN cn l- H ic- ui slavery, Willie
icricl by r07 OF J,c sonlcst cxrou crs Of that IN
s,ruIlent Whether Con- res &A lcgislac a, nor The
poo e-cf Che e, nircl 4erri-er.cs when. assc ed in
convention to fora Stale buttons Will possess the
sole AMI exclusive towcr determine for themselves
whether svery shall shall not exist within their n-
it'll Ii C5nrcss shall abstain from interfering Will I'LL
question ho people Of these territories will be left co
just tas they may think proper when they apply ror
admission is States into the Union.
No clent OF Congress could restrain the rcorlc Of
, any of the sovereign States of the Union old or new
north o. south slaveholng or non-slavcholinr from de-
tc11nnnc the character of their domestic institu
tons they deem wise and proper ANY and all the
States possess this right and Congress cannot deprive
them Of it, The peopleo Georgia might if they choose
50 alter their constitution to abolish slavery within its
limits AMI the people Of Vermont might 80 alter their
constitution to admit slavery within its limits Both
States would possess the right though all know il is
not probable that either would exert il.
II is fortunate for the peace and harmony of the Uni
on TINT this question is in is nature temporary and can
only continue for the bci period which will ntrv
before California and New Mcvico may 10 admitted as
states into The Union From tile tidc Of formulation now
flowing iAty them il j. highly probable Aat VIII soon
occur.
Considering the several Stlt,s anl ,ho citizens Of Tie
several States equals AMI entitled to equal ri hits I'M
der the constitution If is original question
might wei be insisted Oh that the IEel.c OF non-iucr
ference Is the true doctrine and that Congress could not
IN inc absence Of any express grams q ywc-. interfere
wish their relative rights.
Upon great emergency however anl rnlcr nc-lqein.
dangers To The Union tlc Missouri C.lnuroi-c 1-ae III
respect T. slavery was adopted. ILc strc nc wuy cz
F. teDl-i ollthur ii ne acquisition os Tczs Aacr
an ocQuCsonoc Of nearly thirty years in the principle OF
conn promise recognized and established by these acts and
to avoid The danger 20 the Union Which Iii ght follow il ii
were disrogaricl have heretofore expressed the
opinion that the GAa Of compromise should be eNtcnled
the parallel "a hiryix degrees thirty minutes from
he western boundary Of Texas where terminates
to the Pacific
This Is the middle ground II Compromise, upon which
the .ant sections If tho Union rlay meet as tloy
have heretofore met. Ii ths ba dine, It is confidently
believed lage majority ot the people of every section of
The country. however widely ther aisfrc ct npninS On
he euject d slavery may differ. wouII chcprfuiy ar
quesco IN IT. and peace and AluAony would 5lin fill
! our borders
Ihc restriction north ofho Inc was ONLY WIT IaJ IN
N the case N AlsouTi and Icx!s, npDn prncpla II
compromise. made necessary for the sake Of preserving
the harmony, and possibly the existence Of the Union
II was upon these considerations that at the close u
your last session, gave sanction the plinaUls Of
the Missouri c3mionse line, by approving aud signing
me pm az establish 'tAa Territorial government ut lrl-
glf-D l'rlm daseto preserve thu harmony VI t.e
Union tnl in Difference iu thu ot thy prelc-css
tet constrained ~ yiad uy aisauce " le extent
Which they had gone 10 compromising this dolcae ana
dangerous question. But il Congress shall nav reverse
tie docIson by which lhe Mis,JH. compromise was ef
hc'ed and shall paqose 10 extend The restriction The
whole territory, south well as moth Of The parallel Of
thirty sIA dc5rss thirty minutes. it will cease ID be
COMPROMISE, ani nust W regarded original qaes
| lion.
i Congress. instead Conserving the course Of non I'LL
reference leaving the adoption Of their own domestic
inS'.' uoas to .he people who may inhabt these terrific
RES OF H. instead Of extending the Missouri compromise
me 10 the Fdclilc Shall prefer TO submit the legal and
constitutional questions which may arise to the decision
n e Judicial tribunals, as Was proposed bill which
PASSED tne Senate al 5ulr I4sl session, iust
my ny effected III this ulvlo. If The whole sutjcct ba
referred " tile judiciary, MI parts Of the Union should
c'eeTluly acquesce in tine GIa decision If The tribunal
created by the constitution for the settlement Of all qucs
tons hch may arise under tie CONSTITUTIONS, treaties
and laws Of the Uuitpt States
Congress is earnestly Invoked FIR the sake of Tie u
Mon lis harmony and uuy ntnuel prosperity, as Ia
ton, y adus at lis present session this Ie oIly DANCE
rem question Which is u pa:l i Tut III sJne one
Of HE made5 suggested, il other which may u
satisfactory.
In anticipation oF the Establishment Of regular govern
'aehs over the acQrird territories, iut commission
Oh 'ceTS Of the ary and navy has been ordered pro-
ceed TO the q California and Greg H. for the pur
pose q making econnosnces anda report as to the proper
5lies for the erection ooications other defensive
works o. land, and Of suitable situations nr naval
Mons. TIC information which may be expected fron
scientific and sul examination Of the whole face Of the
coast will be cmnenlly useful Congress- when they
come to consider he propnety of making appropriations
lot these great national SUBJECTS
Proper sciences land will be necessary for the Sc
guilty and protection Of our PISS ssonS and The esab
shment Of yards and dock fur the repairing and
Construction Of vessels, will be important alike ma
W and Commercial marine W tAou such establish.
ents every vessel whether Of the nayysr Of the mer
chant service, requiring repair, must at great expense
round Cape Horn to Of Atlantic yards for
that purpose. With such establishments, vessels, it is
believed, may be built repaired ceapy in Caliiur
MIA upon the Atlantic coast. they would give en-
Payment to many Of enerpri5iug ship builders anL
mechanics, and greatly facilitate and enlarge com
Incrce in the Pacific
rs is asceraincd that mines Of gold, silver, copper
and quicksilver exist in New Mexico and California,
and That nearly all the lands where they found, be
long the United States it is deemed Important to
the public interest hat provision be made for groog-
lcal and meteorological examination Of these regions
Measures Sh.ull be adopted u preserve The mineral
lands, especially such contain Tile precious metals.
for tile Of lie United States Ut brought into mar
pose Of them in such large return
Of money to The loasmy and at the time lead to .
the Developments Of their wealth by individual prop1ie-
tors and purchasers To d. this, ii will be necessary 10
provide for Immediate survey and location Of The lots
II Congress should deem It proper dispose Of the min
ora lands, they should be sJd il small quantities and at
fixed Z nimum price.
recommend that surveyor generals offices lie author
lzed 10 be established in New hlexicoanI California,
aud provision made for surveying and bringing the public
lands into market at the earliest practicable period In
dl5posng of these lands, recoLmend that the right
Of pre- eption be secured and liberal grants made 10
he early emgranls wko have settled, Or may settle upon