Washington telegraph., 1848-11-22

level route, hnhlitiiullN sunplltu win TIM.
heruul water the whole distance, The
route, thence along aud upon the Gila,
10 the Colorado ol the Pacific mud the
gull of California presents an almost I'M.
interrupted course for travel of wagons,
transportation OF ordnance, munitions of
war aud supplies, And, rs II direct lme
ul trade. and emi grafton from the SRtes
To SANTA fe. the distance will be short.
oned some two or three hundred miles III
following the route proposed, to the point
where il Is proposed the California road
shull diverge from the Arkansas river
aud thence To continue up the main river
to the neighhafhondu Of Benl's Fort, The
geography oi the country points out the
route from Memphs, Tennessee, along
the military road, (Which it is hoped the
proper authorities will soon take occasion
to eomplete) rta Little Rock, Van Buren,,
Fort Gibson. thence to Santa Fe aud Cal.
inrnia.
Entertaining the opinion, MS | do, mud
my Information Is mainly derived from
thos, who have passed over the whole way
that tins route combines more advantages,
aud presents Itself most iavoObly to the
notice of the Government of any other
now known To the pnhllc
The dease population on the western
verge Of this State, together with the
amount ol wealth, industry and enterprise
OF rhe wlule population on the one SIDE,
aud that Of the civilized Indians an the
other oHer every facility ior making out.
fits for emierants aud for the supply Of
means Of transportation on a long wilder.
ness route, It. importance IN a CONNER.
cis1 point, IN the whole population Of tins
State. n furnishing a Profitable aud ready
market nj hame for most OF the produe.
tons. and particularly those on the ives.
tern frontier. oilers n sufficient induccment
for tins General Assembly by memorial
to attract the attention OF Congress to
the hgh an1 important advantages pre-.
scnled 10 the country by their cousirue.
ton
The acquisition Of large scope Of nd.
dliioual Territory has caused spirited
revival Of abolition doctrine in many Of
the ftee States. fheprinciplc contended
for by ifee soilers IN the north j. to the
rilsei that a citizen Of slave State shall
not be permitted, IN removing TO such
territory. 10 carry with him hi, slave
property. md the restraint is proposed
hy them, Though the action Of Congress.
To prohibit slavery IN all such territory,
Notwithstanding the blood OF the people
from all .ie Stutes has been shed. aud
the lTeusuTa Of The government. IN which
all haee M eana risli. has been spent.
NJ Trend oi the abolition ol slavery
vii nEelend TO Doubt, that, should Cou.
gre,s arbitrarily prevent the migration oi
riiztns Witli Iheir Lave property. that the
people IN the formation Of State Consii.
lulon subsequently would have the rich,
to tolerate slayer, And II the majority
m Congress should refuse her admission,
upon that gfaund, mo the Union-and
require her to eonc III rs Tree State
she would suIlpn.sess the natural aud po.
lineal fight utter her admission a. free
State, to alter her constitution in this r..
garl-to change her fundamental law
enlire-wilhont any regard to the usurra-
lions by Congress OF powers not conferred
\ by the constitution upon II.
The Institution Of slavery i. local. not
national. Power 10 interfere with this
within the States, or territories, Of the
United States, has never been conferred
upon Congress. or any other department
OF the General Government The States
derive none OF their powers from the Gen.
cr,l Government, but, the General Coy.
crnmeul all it, llom the States, through
the action oi the people under the pre-.
scribed rules oi the State authorities -
The rights Of the States are inherent,
those oi the Gcncni Government deega.
ted. 10 tie General Government that
division only oi sovereignty. whicl, Is IN,
derslood from the character Of the powers
conferred upon il by the constitution-al
the rest that pertains to sovereign pcwel
ais reserved to the States respectively OF
to the Icypic. 20
The great distinguishing feature oi on
government, Is the recognition Of the iirsl
great conservative principle IN the poopl,
they, with the and Of territory, make d
Safe. or States the States may make
for useful purposes, a federal government
10y delcgalng certain restricted powers o
general character for It's exercise and
in doing 50, may restrain is action to th,
specifications OF The powers thus dclcga
ted Such, lapprcbcnd, was the position
once Of Our pcoplr-silch was the position
Of the people of Orrgon-nndno for ihc
exercise Of this monstrous restraining
power ot Congress has such power Of de-
icunnling political rights OF the people o
u territory ever been conferred for unlcs,
il has been so conferred, II cannot consti
mtionolly exercise it. Now, MAINTAIN
that such power has never been granted
aud not being granted aud Congress be-
ing a coordinate department Ola govern
mcnt of delegated powers, and restricted