The examiner. [volume] (Louisville, Ky.) 1847-1849, 1848-02-05
-. e slavery ON Iad.s,ry.

iDi labor is considered mental and de
il il is the business Of slaves. Ii
G,es States, the majority work with thei
- counting il the'natural business Of |
no. NOT a repToach, but duty and dig
'. Tins. in Boston-the richest city o
=. my ,onnlalion in America, and perhaps il
~ y. rwoTd-out Of 1907 private families
We ,st5 there were 1874 who kept nc
u and only 1 ,069 who had more thar
-. assistant TO perform their household la
Snr Ia the South, the free man shuns la
-. SIN a slave country, evssy freeman i
~ ,-;srOcrat." and of course labor is avoid
= h. such. Where work is disgraceful
nan If spirit will not submit to it. SO the
Lisb minded but independent free men are
o19linnally getting worse of, or else emf
1s,pg oui Of the slave States, into the new
=. States not as the enlerprising adventur-
= soss from New England, because he
,r,1,s more room. but because his condition
IS sreprosch.
Most of the productive work oil the South
..5o,s by slaves. But the slave has no
.,;g,nlu. the nstural instinct of production
!. m,,erislly checked. The master has the
nth which consumes, the slave only the
san1 which earns. He labors not for HIM
III but for another: for another, who con-
';rn,llv wrongs him. His aim, therefore,
go do the least he can get along with.
Ne will practice no economy; no Thrift;
!. breaks mis- tools. He will not think for
rs master; il is all hand-wOrk, for he only
rvss what the master can force from him,
md he cannot conceal; there is no head
srork There is no invention IN the slave
Erl. ,mong the masters, for their business
!, "a act on men. not directly or things.
Tbis Circumstance NAV fiji the STAKEHOLDER
a, Poliiics-of certain character; it I'M
n, him for the great operations OF produc-
rive industry. They and all labor-saying
,on,riyances come from the North In
1876. there were seventy-siI patents grant
a by the national Office for inventions made
in fourteen slave States, with a population
of Z33i,43l, or one for each 96,5O5 pei
sons al the same time, there were SOL
granted 10 the free States, with a population
I972S. 922. or one for each II ,249 per-
sons. Maryland, by her position, Partakes
more Of the character OF the free States than
mos, of her sisters, and accordingly msde
twenty-one inventions-more than fourth
mart OF all made in the South. But Mas
sachuseuts mad made siIty-two; and New
York with a population Of only 2, 42S, 92l,
had received two hundred and forty seven
p,tent rights more than three times as many
as the whole South. Works which re-
.-qs intelligence and skill require also the
= q the freeman. The South can grow
. aoIu " = the North which builds the
me IT. = - - can rear cotton; the free
suPs. Inc oou@- n must weave IL into
intelligence of the Nol.
cloth. Ill.
In the North, the freeman acts 18th
upon things By his own will in the So-
only through the medium Of men reduced /
to the rank OF things. and they act on ma
Iensl objects against their will. Half the
moral and Intellectual effect of labor is
thereby lost; half the productive power Of
the labor itself. All the great movements
Of industry decline where the aristocracy own
the bodies Of the laboring class. No fertility
o. sol or loneliness Of climate can ever make
up Tor the want Of industry, invention, and
hnlL in the lsboring population itself. Ag.
nculture will not thrive as under the free
mans hand. Slave labor can only be pro-
niaoly employed in the coarse operations Of
held work. 1t was so in Italy 1000 years
ago; the rich gardens OF Latium, Alba.
tuscany, were the work Of freemen. When
taeIr owners were reduced to slavery by the
nonan conqueror, those gardens became
only pastures for bufaloes and swine. On.
~ coarse staples-sugar, cotton, rice, corn.
'Ooaeco-can be successfully raised by the
slaves OF America! His rude tillage i'm.
pOVenshes the soil; the process Of filth {
consists IN killing the land" They who
VIII Keep slavery as "patriarchal institu-
uoh' must adopt the barbarism Of the pa
GlaIehs, become nomadic, and wander from
ae land they have exhausted, to some vir-
sln SOL. The free mans fertilizing hand
snIches the land the longer he labors. II
IN Maryland, Virginia, and the Carroll '
aas The soil is getting exhausted the old |
sna less valuable than the new. MIST. l.
,slo Oouvemeur Morris, in the National 1
Convention, Compare the free regions of 8
'ne MIDDLE States, where rich and noble S
marks the prosperity and hsppi.
ness OF tine people, with the misery and pow i
Sr.y winch oversPread the barren wastes of t
virginia, Maryland; and the other States q
having slaves. Travel through the whole )
continent and you behold the prospect con- +,
s,hOally varying with the appearance and u
pIsdPPeafance Of slavery. The moment you 5
,esSe Tie Eastern States, and enter New c
io,S' The effects Of the institution become q
visible Passing through the Jerseys. and i
en'erng Pennsylvania, every criterion oil T
SoPerloI improvement witnesses the change. /
- : iOceed southwardly, and every step YOU ,
.aAe through the great regions of slaves pre- '
'oHs desert, increasing with the increa.
'ns proportion Of these wretched being, {" I
~ a. 'S Gay, sixty years later, the contrast is
81 SIsn more striking, as will presently appear
30. has wrought after its way. Every :
''ee bears its own fruit. II
.b1 slavery discOurages the immigration of /
IT, s ou' poor men from the free States. {
=, ney go elsewhere to sell their labor: ali [,
IT.. SOu'en States afford proof of this. {
h;- nee man from the North will not pu,
I I.n.s and his intelligent industry on
I r. with the slave. degraded and despis,d.
-. .ns 'Ie Tree States, the farmer buys his land
quo MS cattle; hires men to aid him in Ii. ,
"otk-he buys their labor Qo,L