New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1848-07-19
WHOLE NO. 33G6.

going on there reflect on the tendency Oh events Tor
the last three years reference b. this the most isl
oi s 1res...ns aai YOU must that no time should
+ be lost,
/ am thus brought 10 the question How can the
/ question De sst..sd IL can. IN my opinion oe
hnaly and permanently adjusted put one way, a.'
that ls ca tie hsh principles OF justice ana the
Constitution Fear not % leave i TO them Inc
/ less you do TIE better 10 toe North snG SCUM eAh
not stand together their broad and sold ioundaon
mere Is none other which they II thc ollga-
tons % The Constitution aud justice be- too feeble 70
command m respect oi the North how The ~oulh
expect that she VII gard ihe Tar more feeble oohss
lions oi AZ at o Congress N0g should the North tear
that by leaving L where justice snd the Constitution
cave o. she would 6c excluded from hsrfuil share OF
the territories In my opinion. lett there. climate
soil and other cilcums tlnces would as tle line be
tween the savehodins and nonsavehOld.ng states IN
about COZ 30. II may Z-La- hale, 10 accommodate
t-elf % pas M. the North
and at others passing 20 toe south % 81, that would
matter little and would Do more satisfactory 20 all aud
tend less 10 alienation between the two great sections
than rigid straight artificial ine prescribed by an act
I 0i Congress.
Aud here let me say 20 Senators from the North you
mskc a great mistake Ia surprising that the portion
which might fall 70 the south I'd whatever ae might De
drawn II lev @ soil and climate ami circumstances 20
determine would be closed % the white labor % the
North because j. could not mnslc with slave labor
without degradation Tine fact Is not 50 There d no
part Of The world where agricultural, mechanical and
other descriptions OF labor more respected Than M
l the South with fho exception of two descriptions OF
] empioyment-that Of monal and body servants. No
southern manic, the poorest or the iowest-w IT,
| under any circumstance, submit % perform eNner
Of their. Hr has TOO much pride Tor mat, ano Ic
I iOicc that he hes. They are uusulcd 10 the spuN
| 0f freeman But the nan vho would SPUN them
feels not the least degradation 80 work % the same
field with his slave 20 be employed % work with
l them in the same Geld or in any mechanical opera
ton. and when 80 employed. they claim the right and
are admitted. In the country portion Of the SOUTH Oh
sitting a, the table of their employers Can ~ much
on toe score ofcquaity, bee said OF the North Win us
nc two great div .ions o society src not the ch ana
poor but white and black and al the former the poor
rs well the rich belong 20 the upper class, and are
respected and treated As equals d honest aut iniustr
Gus and hence have position and PRIDE Cd character
of which neither poverty non misoriun" can deprive
them
But 90 father. and hold that Justice and the Consu
tuition are the easiest and safest guard ON which thc
question can be settled regarded m reference 10 party
10 may De- settled that ground simply by non action
by leaving the Tern Dries tree and open % tAe eni
grafton OF al the world long they continue so,
aud when they become states 10 adopt whatever Con
srtutOn they please. with the single fesucuon 20 pe
Republican order to their admission INTO the mon
10 party cannot take this broad and solid position and
successfully maintain l what other can u TAKE ana
maintain 10 70 cannot maintain itself by an appeal 70
the great prnc pies of Justice the Constitution and sell
government o. what other sufficiently strong 10 up
hold them in public opinion can they appeal sieeut
mistake the character OF the people OF ms lnon
such an appeal would not prove successiul II either
party shsad have the magnanimy 20 step forward and
boldly make h. 70 would in my opinion, be received
with shouts OF appreciation by the patriotic ana in'eh
gent In every quarter There Is deep icelng per
yading the country that the Mon aud our political IN
situations are m danger which such course would
dispe and spread Joy over the land
Now Is the time 10 take the step. End bring about
res1,t 90 de.outy a. be- wished have believed nom
the beginning that this was the only question sufficiently
potent 20 the Union and subyeff our stem oil
Government and that the sooner Il was met ana SET
tied the safer and better Tor all have never DOUBTED
that DE- rmfted TO progress beyond certain point us
rgpuf heroine irluos-lDlp. and unutf
deep conviction that IS now rapidly approaching H.
and that II IL 10 be Gyerted, II must be zone
speedily In uttering these opinions / look 10 te
whole. Il speak earnestly % - 20 save anu pio.eet
all A, deep As ia lie stake ut the south IN the Union
aud our political institutions It Is not deeper han mat
of the North We shall be well prepared and as ca
/ pable Of meeting whatever may come, as you
Now let say. Senators. II our Union and system OF
government doomed 10 perish, and we 10 share the
late OF many great people who have gone before US
the historian, who IN some future day may record me
events ending In clanltoUs result Will devote MS
first chapter 10 the ordinance OF lauded as II ana
IL authors have BEEN the nrst 70 that sere, when
led 20 IT, His mex, chapter viii be devoted TO me Mis-
sour compromise and the next TO the agitation
Whether there viii be- another beyond, know not IL
will depend what we may do.
II h. should possess philosophical turn OF mind snd
be disposed 10 look to more remote and reconcile
causes he will IL proposition when originated
in Hypothetical truism but which, ~ nov expressed
and now understood is the mos, ilse and erous OF
all political errors The proposition 70 VIII alude
has become an axiom IN the minds OF vast uthf on
both sides Of the Atlantic and is repeated daily from
tongue 70 tongue established and inc0ntroyeru
bic truth It H. that all men are born free and equal
am not afraid 70 attack error however deeply IL may
be entrenched However widely extended, whenever
it becomes my duty do So believe II 10 be On this
! subject and occasion.
Taking the proposition literally az s in that sense il
is undersoOd) there IS not word OF truth In IT, II be
gins with all men born" which b utterly untrue
] Men are not born Infants are born. Tney grow 10 be
men, And It concludes by asserting that they are born
free and equal which Is not less ialse Iney are
! not born free While infants they incapable OF
freedom being destitute alike OF the capacity OF think
Ing and acting without which there De no freedom
Beside they necessarily born subject 10 thelr pa
rents and remain among All people, savage ana CIV
iZed until the development OF their intellect ana pAy
zeal capacity enable them 10 take care OF themselves
They grow 70 all the freedom Of which the condition
/ in which they were born permits, by growing 70 be
men Nor i IL less false that they are born equal -
They are not in any sense In which II can DC re
garded and thus, 10 have asserted there 10 not
word OF truth In the whole proposition, a. expressed
and generally understood
If we trace il back we shall md the proposition dit
ferently expressed in the Declaration OF Independence
/ That asserts that all created equal. Inc
form OF expression though less dangerous. IS not less
erroneous All men are not created According 70 tne
/ Bible only two man and woman, ever were, ana OIL
these one was pronounced subordinate 70 tne other
All others have come into the world BY being born, and
In no sense as have shown, either Tree or equal But
this form Of expressOn being less striking and popular
has given ~ the present ana uultf u' tulLOIy
Of document put forth great an occasion, and
leading b such important consequences has spresl far
and wide and fixed Elf deeply IN the public mind. II
was inserted In our Declaration Of independence with
out any necessity Il made no necessary part Of our
justification in separating from the parent country and
declaring ourselves independent Breach OF our char
tered privileges and aWess encr0achment on our ac-
knOwlcdged and well established rights by the parent
country were the real causes End VI themselves SUM
cient without resOrtng 20 any other % JUSTLY thetep
Nor had t any weight In constructing the Government
which were substituted in the place OF the Colonial
They were formed the old materials and on practical
/ aud well established principles, borrowed Tor the most
part from our experience and that Of the country
/ from which We sprang. go
II the proposition b. traced still farther back Il VIII
be found 10 have been lopied from certain writers on
Government who had attained much celebrity Ia the
early settlement Of these states and with whose wit
ings an the prominent actors In Revolution were D.
/ millar Among these Locke and sydney were promi'
nent But they expressed il very differently. AccOr'
ding % their expression al men IN the state Of nature
were free and equal" From this the others were de
! rived and IL this b which referred when called
Il Hypothetical truism. 10 understand why VIII re-
| quire some explanation
Man, for the purpose Of reasoning may De regafeeo
in three different states IN state u individuality tnat
s living by himself apart from the rest OF MS species
Ia the social that q living in society associated with
others Of bis species And IN the poiiue@l mats Nv
| i1g under Government. We may reason a. - "nai
would b. his rights end duties IN either without taxing
] -. ,vhefhsr he could 10 not