The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1848-12-15

some years been suffering from those untowaTd crcun-
stances necessarily arising out of close contact with
rapidly Increasing white population TO which, in tune,
the vcnage of the Indians has also been great disad
vantage For their own interest and welfare, well as
tor the prosperity OF that part OF Wisconsin, Il has Tor
some time been object OF much Importance TO induce
them to cede their lands and 10 where they could
reap the full benefit Of the policy OF the government for
the CIVILIZATION and Improvement OF our Indian Tribes
This important object which unfavoTable circumstances
and influences have heretofore prevented being effected
has at length been attained treaty having recently been
negotiated with them by myself IN their country under
Instructions Of the 1I7h of September last, by which
they cede all their lands in Wisconsin, containing about
fouVOOo OF ates ana agree 20 remove 70 hose SCI apart
for them on the upper Mississippi, which are in all re-
spects well suited to them where with proper care and
attention, they mast thrive and prosper, and where they
and their nelghbors and former associates and friends
the Wnnebagoes may be made the instruments Of pre-
venting, III great measure the sangninary hoste5
arising ont OF the bitter and hereditary euds existing be-
tween the Chppewas and Sioux that frequently
between those two tribes. This treaty may be regarded
as having substantially completed the extinction OF the
Indian title 10 all lands Of the Mississippi river south
OF lake Superior subject to the jurisdiction and control of
the general government
Since the 4th Of March 1915 treaties have been ne
gotlaed with the following tribes viz The Cumanche
and other wild tribes of Texas the Cherokees the Chip
pewas Of lake Superior and the Mississippi, the rager
band of Chppewas the kanzas the Pottawatonies The
Winnebagoes, and the Menomonees. The first was
treaty of peace and friendship, for the purpose Of
giving some dehniteness 10 relations and inter
course with the various tribes within the bounda-
ries of Texas; and the object Of the second was 10
heal the bitter internal dissensions by which fhe
Cherokees had so long been afflicted and 10 provide for
the settlement OF all matters at issue between them and
the United States BY the remaining treaties about egh-
teen and half millions OF of land surrender
ed to the government; of which about two million one
hundred thousand acres have been assigned TO other
tribes "a permanent homes; about two million nine
hundred thousand are held in reserve for a similar
purpose; and the remanderabout thirteen and half
millions OF acresn the States OF Wisconsin and Iowa,
will now come into market and soon be occupied by
white population This large extent Of territory OBJ.
tanned at cost of about 81 Si2 000 of which $3.50 900
the value OF other lands assigned the Indians and the
balance was consideration IN money liberal portion
OF which set apart for beneficial objects, and the
nander is 10 be paid IN a series of years annuites.
These treaties were all made without granting single
reservation without assuming dollar OF any Indian IN
debtedness and where removal necessary, they
provided Tor It's beng accomplished by the Indians them
selves, which experience has shown can be done with
less trouble and expense haa by any OF the modes here
ofore adopted by the government The department has
thus rid itself these of three fertile of
pepleyity and embarrassing controversy, If not Of cor
rap'ion and fraud.
There has also been submitted to this office treaty
concluded the Sth of August last with the Pawnee In
Grand island, the Platte river and strip Of country
the north side of that river. sixty miles in length,
which understand is intended for military r,s,ses ana
where one Of he line Of posts the route to Oregon is
to be established In this treaty the Pawnees pledge
themselves to fidelity and friendship towards the United
States that they will not modest nlure the persons or
property OF our citizens, nor make war upon other In
dams; and that in all cases OF difficulty they will abide
by the arbitration and directions of the President
The last clause of the first section Of the act making
appropriations for the service OF the Indian Department
approved 10th July last pamphlet laws, page 99 appro
praed five thousand dollars for the removal OF the Ca
awba tribe OF Indians, in the limits OF North Carroll
ma TO the Indian country west OF the Mississippi, with the
consent of sand tribe = no part OF which Is to be
pended, however uniil the President shall first obtain
home for them among some Of The tribes west OF the Mis-
river with their consent and without any charge
upon the government" The department was without
any information whatever in relation TO these Indians
but supposng, from their locality and former probable
al, FL
they might prefer home among them, letter was ad-
dressed after the passage OF the act TO the author
ties Of thatrbe, TO ascertain whether they would receive
the Catawbas on the terms prescribed Subsequently,
formation obtained that they desired TO Join the
Chickasaws, who had once invited them TO DO and
letter smila to that 10 the Cherokees addressed to
that tribe through the government agent No answer 10
either communication has yet been received though suf
hcen time has not elapsed for from The Chlckasaws
Every further necessary effort will promptly be made to
carry out the law according to lt5 tenor.
The fourth section OF the act required the
number and Of the Cherokees in North Carolina
al the date OF the treaty of New EchotaMay 49, 1896
who have not removed west OF the Mississippi,
ceived the Communication for removal and subsistence
allowed by that treaty TO be ascerained and reported
the Secretary OF the Treasury with reference TO the
amount of that communication beng set apart for their
benefit, and interest thereon per cent from the
above date, being pad TO them. The department
embarrassed by the circumstance of appropriation
having been made defay the expenses Of this
IN consequence OF winch II had no means OF compen
satng any person TO execute the duty One Of the gen
uenen OF llS ONCE OSstSsf1 OF cOnSNHTdDe UiOrfna-
ton respecting the Indians IN question, having however,
to perform the service, and his midi
vdua account 20 make arrangements Tor the amount OF
his until an appropriation therefor could be OBJ
tanned OF Congress- the department being DESTROYS for the
prompt uhlmen OF the law, consented to the arrange
ment He has bat recently returned, after having
pleied the business and the reqnred report will ~ a
short time be made TO the Secretary Of the Treasury 10
enable him 10 fulfil the other provisions OF the An
item has been inserted the estimates that have been
submitted for appropriation Of bur unired dollars
to reimburse the expenses necessarily incurred By the
person referred 10 in the execution Of the law
AZ required by the sixth section of the act in ques-
ton, comm ssiOner duly appointed issue certid-
for the amounts allowed on the claims against the
Potdwatomle Indians examined and adudcatc, by Gen.
WIN. B. Mitchell ~ 1910. He was furnished with the
necessary instructions and documents aid and guide
him in the execution OF the duty, upon which he pre-
suDed 10 be now engaged.
Pursuant TO the determination announced IN the last
annual report, the annHues Of most Of the tribes have
this year been paid annually; and generally il
believed, much to their interest and advantage The
department has seen no reason 10 change s views on
this subject From various causes, inconsistent with
and opposed 10 The true interests and welfare OF the In
dams, opposition 10 the expected, but has
not been realized 10 the extent anticipated and the policy
should be continued with If not adj the tribes whose
annuues sufficiently large to admit Of division OF
them being made with advantage,
The per capita mode OF paying annues has been Al
tended with the happest effects Il prevents speculation
and extoTOn being pTactses upon the Indians through
the OF national credits the benefits Of wbich-if
principally n the chiefs and their friends and ia
YOues, 10 the injustice and wrong Of the Of the
common Indians, while Il gives 20 every knowl-
edge Of his Just rights and them TO him 10 the
whole course u our Indian policy, there has been
measure productive of better moral effects The ln.
.ll.t a. IL