davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Baton-Rouge gazette. [volume] (Baton-Rouge, La.) 1819-1856, 1848-11-25
INVALUABLE
FAMILY COMPANION.

SIX Lectures on Causes. Prevention and Cure of
Consumption, Asthma, Diseases of the Heart, and all
Female Diseases. 234 pages, % engravings. Paper
50 cts, bound IS cts. Mail to any part-postage q
1-2 cts.
Shoulder Braces and Chest Expanders, 40. Mail
TO eny part, 80 cts. postage. Inhaling Tables, Silver,
%, DY mail, letter postage. Abdominal Supporters,
perfect, 80 TO $40, for all. Ruptures, Falling of the
Bowels ard Womb, and Weak Back and Chest sent
by Express everywhere. For Braces or Supporters,
or Rupture Supporters, give height from head to foot,
and circumference Of person next the surface, Just
above the hips. If Rupture, mention which side.
Agents wanted for the sale &c the above goods. Ad-
dress DIR. S. S. FrrCH, 7O7 Broadway, New York,
post paid. April I-9. iy.
GEORGE n. HERoMAE, agent, Baton Rouge.
CASTLE Soar. for sale by
ID B. .yor4rAs.
Baton-Rouge gazette. [volume] (Baton-Rouge, La.) 1819-1856, 1848-11-25
FOR

a double geer horse co n-tnflI, aifrer, reprs
two h rise AMI every thing complete, requi-
site f'r sad mill. For particulars ppl, ut
this office
Sep. ga t848.
Baton-Rouge gazette. [volume] (Baton-Rouge, La.) 1819-1856, 1848-11-25

NOTICE.
Just received Il fresh supply of Tar in
small kegs. ts"pt. q A. MoNrAN.
Baton-Rouge gazette. [volume] (Baton-Rouge, La.) 1819-1856, 1848-11-25
NOTICE,

NO person is authorised to contrsrt any debts what
ever, on account Of the undersigned, without a writ.
ten order.
August 10th 1919. SrEpuru 1fEvnrpsov
Baton-Rouge gazette. [volume] (Baton-Rouge, La.) 1819-1856, 1848-11-25

CLOTHING CLOTHING12
Just received and for ale a fue asst TT
m'nt q gentlcmen's clothing, consisting in
part.
black Cloth Dress Goats,
French Coat,,
=" Paltoes and sacks,
Cord tweed,
Black and fancy cass. pants,
Black SATIN fancy tass, and silk vests.
All of which have been manufactured
expressly for EUGENE LANUUE.
Baton-Rouge gazette. [volume] (Baton-Rouge, La.) 1819-1856, 1848-11-25
GREAT BARGAINS

PUBLIC SALE.
OF Liquors, Groceries, &C., twice a week,
on Wednesdays and Saturdays, from len in
the morning 10 4 P. M, at the house If Mr..
Tberiot corner Of Convention and third Street
JOHN L. PULLEN, A~uc,ionerr.
Sept. %, 1855.
Baton-Rouge gazette. [volume] (Baton-Rouge, La.) 1819-1856, 1848-11-25
ST EnrEN EEnHE
LINSEY's & KERSEY,S

Just received direct from Manufacture. for
Iealeh. tSeP 49, EUGENE LANOUE
Baton-Rouge gazette. [volume] (Baton-Rouge, La.) 1819-1856, 1848-11-25

DEAFNEss.-use Doot McNair's Aoousrrc
OH, tof tn cure Of DE ,fncss. Also, AL those
disagreetbt e noises like the buzzing Of in.
serts, IaltiD Of water, w1izztng Of seam,
which are symptoms Of approaching deafness
Many persons who have been deaf for ten,
fifteen, or twenty years, and acre subject to
use ear-'rnmpnts, have after using one ortwo
bnttles, tIIroAm ASIDE these t u%lnpets, being
m ale perfectly well. l. has cured cases Of
10 II, an even 10 years standing Of Deaf.
ness. Price Isl per flask
Baton-Rouge gazette. [volume] (Baton-Rouge, La.) 1819-1856, 1848-11-25
Sugar Cane,

Ut IT IWEAC,
ABOUT forty acres of zane for sale on
DR.. sC,Tr's plantation in this parish.
sept. l6--33
Baton-Rouge gazette. [volume] (Baton-Rouge, La.) 1819-1856, 1848-11-25
~tf5RH tFk3s
FRANCIS HUGUET,
OSCAR MENARD

THE undersigned having (ormcd A copara.
nership under The firm Of HueueT q PtKr.
will continue the Hardware business, AID
sol cir the patronage Of The friends Of The lats
firm. 90
Baton-Rouge gazette. [volume] (Baton-Rouge, La.) 1819-1856, 1848-11-25
June 1920


TIE e'p 'rtnersh'p heretofore existing u1.
DER the firm Of NENARD Il tIvGuEr, IL This
day dtssolvedby mutual eons,nt. Oscar Men.
ard having disposed l. Of hsi Ter 1t to CgaWLFa
LIKE tie business VIII be continued an
formerly. under the firm 81 ~ITUGuEr q PKG.
who are charged vi b lhe settlement OF the
affairs Of the late firm.
BATON Rouge, July 18th, 1913.
Baton-Rouge gazette. [volume] (Baton-Rouge, La.) 1819-1856, 1848-11-25
.ARLTON'S RING BONE AND
SPAWN CTRE.

For the Cure OF Ring Bone, Blood SPAWN,
Wind Calls, SpIints, and Curb on Horses.
Caution to he remembered all oftha above
articles sold only, remember, only in Baton
Rouge by II. T. Waddill and o. P. Davis, in
New Orleans by Constock &C.,, so Poydras
st. only proprietors of Dalleyz Genuine Magi-
cal Pain Extractor and Jew D4vids or Hebrew
plaster. Janv r. Do.
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02
BADsTArE OF AFFAIRS IN CUBA

A letter received BY the Boston Trav-
eller from gentleman who has resided
twelve years in that vicinity, gives de-
plorable picture of affairs in that place.
The distress which prevails In the COM
mnnily is truly alarming. Daily there
are failures Of one or more houses, hi,h-
erto extensively engaged in trade. Du-
ring the week ending July 22d, more than
Twenty-Five mercantile houses sus spended
payment. Nsos ,-tsI1
Yesterday afternoon, followed 10 the;
grave the remains Of one of our first ,ner-
chants, who, frantic at finding himself ir-
retrievably ruined, committed suicide.-----
Many others, owing from Fifty 10 one hun
dred thousand dollars, have left the civ,
unwilling 10 meet the gaze of those with
whom they have been accustomed TO as
sociate in the time Of their prosperity
Ii is estimated that there are in this i'm
mediate sicinity, but outside Of the city
wall, some eighteen thousand souls, who,
lacking The means 10 supply themselves
with The daily necessaries Of life, are lit
orally furnishing with hunger. They con-
sist chiefly of cigar makers, whose en-
ployers have been Obliged TO close their
factories for the want Of means 10 prose-
cute their business"
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02

4 Picture Of Cliitornia.- That portion
OF California acquired by the United States
includes all Upper California ard very
little Of The lower division. A CORES
pondent Of the New York Sun gives ye-
ry nnpromising picture Of ii:
" lie says it is very much broken, and
luil Of small sand deserts. No part of il
is really tit for agriculture, except the val
ley Of the Sacramento. and that is very
unhealthy inGeed. The other valleys are
very small----uot exceeding one mile
square, and they are few and far between
at that. The emisranis, and their name
is legion, who have come on here for sp-
cultural purposes, are woetully disappoin-
ted' and many OF them are turning around
for return
We do not lhmk much Of California a.
an agricultural country but it IS rich in
mineral wealth, and Mill probably furnish
more quicksilver 10 commerce. art. and
medicine than ell the other ,nercnryrnine.
in the world Il ubonnds, loo, in >Ayer.
80 Oygon. u
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02

The Election. We have received The
returns from IA counties in this State, for
Governor and Lieut.. Governor, and the
official vote, as furnished TO The editors Of
the Metropolitan, by the Secretary oil
State. In these IA counties the demo-
cratic majority is 1928. Returns have
been received from 81 counties for Rep
resenlatives in the General Assembly
taking the list as published in the Metro
pOliian to be correct, the Wings have e.
lectsd 2Snsinbers, and the Democrats 6s;
leaving four counties to be heard from
each entitled 70 one member. By our
next we hope 70 be able to give the off.
eial vote Of the whole State for Governor,
sswell as for Congress by districts.
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02

New Posr OrFIcEs. "A new post of
iice has been established in this county,
on the route from this place to Waynes-
vile, via Erie, TO be known by the name
of "Deer Creek" and Jonathan Crane
appointed Postmaster.
I5The post Office formerly known as
"Whitestown," in the upper end of this
county, has been re-established, and Sam
uel Carlton, Esq, appointed postmaster.
We understand that instructions have
been received by our P. M. TO forward
the mail twice week belwee this point
and Oseola, on the route to Fort Scott
This additional service has become neces-
sary from the fact that llle mail matter ae-
cumnlating at this point for that section,
has become loo unweildy for single
horse once week. This has, in fact,
been the case for a long time, and we are
pleased to know that although the Post
master General has long disregarded our
urgent applications for mail facilities, he
has at length, probably from the same mo-
tives that governed The unjust Judge in
the Scriptures, set abOut redressing our
grievances. These accommodations the
people want, and we hope they will con-
Time to demand them, until their wishes
are complied with.
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02
FRANCE.

The account from Algiers represent
that colony 10 be in state of couimsion.-
The colonisIs are breaking mp their estab-
llShmeiis and returning TO France and in
the course Of short time there will only
be left the French army and lbe natl, e
population, who are waiting an opportuni-
iy for general rising.
1t is now said that the result of lie m
terview between the Enyoys from Italy
and Gen. Cavaignae, is that France will
endeavor to come 10 an understanding with
England, in the first instance, to offer The
joint mediation Of both countries to Charles
Albert and Austria.
The National .fssemJiy- Ledru- Roiiin,
Louis Blanc, Coussidiere and ProudAon,
inetdPaied. in he ReroHs.
The National Assembly, at its sitting on
the 81 inst. was occupied with consider
ing the report Of Committee on the insur-
reciions. BY that report the affair of the
Isl Of March is characterized as a mani
iestalion; that of the 9Th of April as
conspiracy; that Of the 18Th Of May as am
overt act Of treason; and that of June as
civil war.
Ledru-ROllin is inculpated in A pril and
May Louis Blanc and Canssidiere, The
latter very seriously, in all, and M. Proud
hon, in June. II is supposed that these
parties win be taken into custody.
Lamariine Is not compromised in any Of
al :. l..
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02
By Telegraph for The 81. Louis Union.
FOREIGN NEWS.
NEW YoRx, fug. %.

~NEw YoRx, .fug. %.
The rumors from Ireland are producing
great excitement. ~ ~
The "Tribune" secret correspondence
must have some foundation. t-i--
The English censorship is very, strin-
gent.
Letters from Dublin, dated the 81 inst,
state that 5000 British troops under Cen
erals Mcdonald and MeGregor, tried TO
force the pass OF. Slievenau mountain near
the seven mile South fork. The insurgents
met them, when the troops fired. The
Irish fell down fat, and the,fre passed o.
yer them. They then rose, shouting for
victory, and charged upon the British for
ces, while Simultaneously other insurgents
attacked them in The rear-cuiting the
British forces tremendously. 1
Slievenau is well supplied with proyis-
ions and anmunition-- il is seventeen miles
in circumference, three miles from base 10
summit, and surrounded-by bogs.
All American packets arriving at Liv-
erpool are thoroughly searched oy the po-
lice, who keep stnct look ont for ''Irish
brigades" and sympathy serS from Ameri-
ca.
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02
T3aWe would call The attention Of our

1--WE would call the attention of our
merchants and others, visiting St. Louis.
10 the advertisement ul John T. Martins
mammoth Clothig establishment, 10 be
found in another column. He keeps on
hand the largest and best assortment of
all sorts of clothing, and sells for the cash
at almost any price. Country merchants
who deal in ready made clothing, would
save lime and money by calling on Mar
Tin, at his old stand, No. LIS, (formcrly
ll4,) Nam street, 81. Lonis.
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02
FRoMCANADA

a Revolution j Canada is rapidly ma
turing Tive thiFs Of die entire popula-
ton Of both the upper aud lower proyin-
ees, with a large lpprliP Of the inhabi-
tanis Of New BrunIwickhnd Nova Scotia
are fully prepared, mor4ly, at least, for
Independence. 1t is nohobger the Door
uneducated Edbito1 Of tanada wBo e.
pires 10 republicarism. EStronseesrl minds
mOre !, , s'ienunc warriors, nd men Of larg-
81 possessions are fnrollAg themselves Oh
me sac Of Canadian i4ependehce. A
young ana vigorous racelthe descendants
Of Scottish and English and dIrisL ellnnigrs Bis
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02
LATEST.
CharLes .lIben Diciaior.

From Turin telegrSphic despatch an
nounces that the Provisional Go,erlDent
having been broken up, Charles Albert,
by the wish Of the people, had been pro-
claimed Dictator. A slight engagement
had again taken place between lie Aus
irians and Piedmontese on the 27,h, in
which the Italians were AT first successful
N recovering their former positions, but
owi'g loareiniorcemen's arriving 10 their
enemy, they were obliged 10 abandon
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02

GRAND Mass MEETING IN GREENE
Next Wednesday week is the day fixed
for the grand Democratic Mass Meeting
OF all Southwest Missouri, 10 be held in
The vicinity of Springfield. Senator Atch-
ison, Hons. Willard P. Hall, James S.
Green and Jno. s. Phelps, of the House,
and number Of other leading democrats
from various parts of the State, have pro-
missed and are expected TO be present.
The Advertiser promises cordial well
come, good speeches, fat beef, and plenty
of fun 10 all that may attend. Who will
be there as delegates from Benton?
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02
in Mcident of the IJ,,zy.

In Ecident Of the tJ,x.-
he following is an extract of Il
letter from New Orleans. pub
Ilshed IN the Philadelphia LED.
ger: You viii remember that
Gen. dc, la Vega was taken
prisoner at his battery in the
frst battle Oh the Rio Lrandc-
that there Duncan's battery and
his opposed each other In mortal
fight. Now, it is remarkable.
that On the morning of our eyac.
uailon Of the capital, Gen. dc
la vega commanded the Mex
ican battery that saluteA our
flag, and that Duncan's battery
saIpted the Mexican flag, on its
rising to float again over the
palace. Thus the battery of the
two men Which first opened up
on each other at the wars com
mencement, in May, 1916, on
the kio Grande, exchanged in
amity the national salutes in the
city OF Mexico in June, l84s,
at the wars ending. 4,
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02
WHO TICKET.
FOR PRESIDENT,
Gem Z.9CEE.gEeY' 9.9 E.E1OR.
FOR VICE PRESIDENT,
.MXLK.9RKB FILLMORE.

Electors for Presidad and Giice President.
lst Dist.--T. l.. ANDERSON, of Marion
2nd 4" "A. LEONARD, of Howard.
3d "A. w. DONIPHAN, of Clay.
4lh =" j. G. RICHARDSON. of Cooper
5th f" CHAS. N. HANDY, of Benton.
9th +" ALVIN COOK, of C. Girardeau.
7Ih " URlEL WRIGHT, of St. Louis.
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02

I9Rev. Messrs. WEEDEN & RAY,
Of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church,
VIII hold a protracted meeting in this
place. embracing the % Saturday and
Sabbath in September next. auglo
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02
ITALY.

Greet Boh'e- Dgeotcf Charles Albert.
There has been long and close battle
between the AUsirians and the Piedmon-
toSe, and victory has finally declared for
Radetzky, who has succeeded in eii,cting
he object he had in view, and in forcing
Charles Albert to retire beyond tie Min
clio. On the 23d the Ausirians, " ho seen
10 have taken the piedmoriese by surprise,
were completely victorious. They wept
,he whole country before them
On The 24lh they ~ ere attacked in tLeir
position by the riadmpuiase, and driven
farther, leaving 2,5UO prisoners in the
hands Of the Italian Army. On thc 2jlh
tlae battle was renew ed. and continued un-
Ill night, When the Piedmontese Army re-
tired in good ORDER taking with them their
prisoners. The headquarters OF Charles
Albert were, on the 26th, at Golo.
Nj. Gourierl had arrived from Milan,
with an address TO the French Govern
Inent signed by the whole Of the mem
ters ol the Provisional Goternment of
Lombardy, an! earnestly ipy oking the in
ter,ention OF France, by sea and land, in
favor Of Italian Independence.
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02
Great E.rciiemcR in Cincinnati
Three peysotS KiNed!!
CINCINNATI. Anc. 23.

'-A - -AHE' 80
Great excitement prevails in
Cincinnati in consequence of all
examination of two Germans,
on charge OF ripe, committed
on a girl OF ming years Of age.
After an examination, they were
committed to bil for further
hearing, when 5mob attached
the jail, and were fired upon BY
the officers from the jail wind
owS, killing three AMI woundlng
seyeral-others. At 9o'clock the
mob had not dipersed, but Was
increasing, anl it is thought
probable they may force the
doors of the pEson and get pos
session Of the prisoners; if sd,
they will no doubt deal severe
ly with them. Am,a
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02
CoNGEsTIYE FEVER.


\ peculiarly in the bilious diseases of
lhe west and South, is frequent conges.
tloh ol the blood vessels, particularly in
'he paroXysms of Intermittent and remit
'en' types of fever. This congestion ia
produced by the loss of nervous pow er and,
Inc sudden contraction of the anastomo.
sing surfaces at the extremities, thus in.
terrnpting the free circulation Of the blood
IN the veins, al owing IT to accumulate a
tne arteries until they become goreedZ.
ana the more, vital parts, the. brain, the
lungs and heart, become so oppressed tba,
death frequently ensues before an eou;E.
oripm can be established IN the circulat;on
between the veins and arteries. Norem.,
ed'es that have ever been tried have been.
50 successful in restoring health to tbess. !,
ueht afflicted With this peculiar ccndlti5og p
Of bilious feveri' as Dr. ByaoS,s S,,aIryss
Coated e Vegeia6te A'atbiisOus Gna 7S,si6
rus Il they are used promptly, ana Sd 5
directed. "'" -
u /. GU Dy pfpDwR 4 pnpPs warssw, and
other agents in the country. q ..''' a0 '
See 81 Dr. Glags's Advertisement in I : moth. 81
er column. '.n az Ff.r"YNN
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02

ate coming upon the sphere of aclion, and
amid the overwhelming distress now pre-
vailing in Canada, il is not strange that
they should sigh for that liberty Of trade,
commerce and manufacture - which Eng
land refused 10 ihem.<--.E Y. Sun.
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02
PREACHING.

IS7A Protestant Methodist protrac,ed
meeting will be beld al Laccy's School
house, l-2 miles west of Warsaw, com
mencing on Friday before the 2nd Sab
bath in September next. iuly29
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02

Gs-The attention of parents and guar
dians Is referred to the advertisement of
Miss $. +. BUsn in another column. AS
a teacher, she is highly spoken of by
those who have patronised her school.
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02
LOUISVILLE, Aug. %, 10 P. NJ.

LOUISVILLE, Aug. %, 10 NJ.
The Irish newsis creating great excite
mert here. h'o@
There wasa large meeting at The mar
ket space tonight, and considerable a.
mount of money was subscribed in aid Of
Ireland.
We have aayices from New Orleans Of
the 18Th, and from Vera Cruz OF The l7ih
inst. Gen. Paroles has not yet been ia-
ken---som of his coadjutors have beenap-
pretended.
Morales pronounced at Mazatlon his
object is unknown, unless II is to secure
conducla to a million and half dollars in
specie which had arrived. The govern.
ment had sent troops 10 suppress revolt.
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02

Deaths IN Boston.---.There were 100
deaths in Boston last week---59 males.
and 81 females; eied Of diseases of the
bowels, 42;' consumption lp; drinking
cold water 2. :
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02
SATURDAY MORNING VISITOR.

| The Mountain cheered him furiously
NJ. Louis Blanc next spoke, with still
more embarrassment than LedriI Rollin.
I The first part took an hour in the deliy-
cry, and at the close of it the session was
suspended for short time. Certain pas.
sages in this strcpely inculpatedM Ledfu
Rollin, Louis Blanc, and the Caussidiefe
and the reading Of them ELECTED from
these individuals severally most violent
reclamations, and drew from NJ Caussidi-
ere, more especially, epiihets in reference
TO the report which polite ears do not de-
( light in.
Il ENGLAND.
In the Peers, on Thursday, Lord
Brougham moved for copies of proclama-
iions issued by the Lord Lieutenant Of
IRELAND for ale apprehension of certain
persons in that Country, and tlien proceed
ed TO descaht on the insurrection in Ire
land, OH the activity which the Govern
ment had shown in repressing it, and on
the measures which should be taken 10 ex
tinguish discentent.
In his opinion Tie real remedy for the
evils under which ireland has so long la
bored, would be found in judicious sys-
TEN Of colQnizationsnd. in The suppression
of ilIegalIpssemblies and seditions5 clubs.
(, The Marquis of Lansdowne saldihat tho
the Insurrection in ireland mig ght be said
to be suppressed, yalyitc state of that
country would require .the greatest care
and precaution for some time 10 come.
Under that con, iciion Her qAiaiesty' 3
Government were resolved TO mike am
pie use ut the means confided 20 them by
parliament. The Duke of Wellington
said, thai though it appeared there wasno
danger Of an actual outbreulS, il wasastill
admitted that an extensive conspiracy a :
gainsi the Constitution existed in ireland.
Before al things, it Was absolutely ne
cessary that the clubs should be put down
aud he was, therefore, happy TO hear that
the existence oi lhese sediious bodies
would receive The attention of Govern
meHt.
a meeting Of the Chartisis of Glasgow
on Tuesday night, the End inst, nunlb,r
;nc oL,,,, : oOn ....,..
49, 49, F'''"''' was suppressed
N N''N
oFAlN.
Maoriu letters oi the zo'h MI. mention
a military revolt at La Graitia. 2CCO
COW ic'S iiad re'm'ed' murdered Their
guards ana nea In'o 'he country witII the
intention o. joining me M"hlemolInlsis.
PRUSSIA.
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02

Wheeling. -The population
OF this place is. ,l57, of which
29G are people of color. H
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02

Ig-Sir Jas. G.. Ross has sounded the
Southern Sea TO The depth of 5 Ia miles,
without finding boitom--- which must have
lallen outl.
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02

General lane, of Indiana,
has been appointed Governor OF
Oregon rice len. Shields de-
olined. lsiis4a as l7r
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02

why IS young widow like
a poets coat!-Because she
wants to be repaired.
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02

Intelligence from Berlin 10 Aug. J: The
Prince and Princess Of Prussia have a.
gain taken up their residence in Berlin.
which 'hey had net Visited since lie 18Th
Of March last.
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02
SPAIN.

Madrid letters Of the 26th nit. mention
a military revolt at La Graia. 2,CGO
con'ieiS had reto!led, murdered their
guards, and fled into the country wilh the
Intention OF joining the Motitemoiuists.
Saturday morning visitor., 1848-09-02
SENATORS ELECTED.

Howard s. Chdriton-C. F. Jackson.
Lafayette, johnson, Han Buren g. Jack
son DR.. Burtis- Dem. gam.
Cooper g. .Aonitea-Da id Jones-dem
gain.
Cole, Miller g. .Norgan-E. L. Edwards
81. Charles s. Lincoln Voolfolk dem
gain.
81. Louis--M Miron Leslie-dem. gain.
Jasper, .Ne~ton, Barry g. Laurence
Landers. Elected 10 fill the vacancy oc-
casiOned by the removal of WIN. C. Jones
from the State.
LeTis, &c, JAS. Ellison, w.
Cape Girarpeau, S'c.-l. N. Williams,
Dem.