The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1848-02-23


This is the only course to pursue.
The New Treaty with mecico-Its COnse-
quences.
The new proja of treaty, negotiated by Gen.
Scottwith the Mexican government, Will be be-
fore the United States Senate, at Washington,
| to-day. The President, II seems, has overruled
all the objections of the Cabinet, accepted the
treaty, from the necessity of the case, and has
thus thrown the responsibility of the result on
the Senate All eyes will now be turned to-
wards the Senate, and their movements will be
! watched with most intense curiosity.
Every opinion expressed Is in favor of the
ire, ", and its probable confirmation by the Sc
nate Such confirmation will lead TO the most
importan, consequences-consequenc that will
he felt in M. xco, well as IN the United States
-conseouence> touching our trade and com
merce with that c.'untry, as well as the ultimate
determination of INV current in the elements
now in motion for the election OF President.
In fact. this treaty will re-cast the whole OF our
relations with Mexico, as we'll as remodel the
different proprarn mes for the Presidential cam
paign.
The terms of this ,.-eaty, as already developed,
are very remarkable The United States will re-
ceiye one third of the repu hic OF Mexico consist
ing of the provinces of New Mexico and the Cali
forpias. leaving the rest of tina, country under the
authority of the Mexican Congrs> IS; wn'ch Ooh-
gress is to be supported in its acts a. ~
permanent American army of twelv> 'hVusahu
men, to be continued there for a certain 'enE'"
of time. These conditions are most remark o'e'
and will lead to the most curious results. O.
neral Scott has been great student of Roman
t),a 81
the Roman model-that model on which Rome
conquered and reorganized the ancient world.
The important issue of the absorption of the
whole of Mexico, is yet left perfectly open as
it ever was, just as Rome left her conquests
In fact, Mexico, under the treaty, will be more
influenced by American principles, wishes and
ideas, than il would have been in the anomalous
position W hich it has held since the capture of
! its capital. The Mexican Congress, which has
yet TO pass upon, and which will probably ratity,
the treaty ,was at the last accounts at Queretaro.
| This Congress, with the Mexican Executive,
President, and Cabinet, will probably return to
Mexico, resume power, pass laws, and put their
m ary chiefs at defiance, trusting to the Anne
army of twelve thousand men for enforc-
ing their authority. This is precisely Roman
policy. BY this means the Mexican Congress
will take all the responsibility of legislation in
the republic, as left to them by the treaty, while
they will be supported and Influenced by the
American army and the American Generals
there. In truth, and in fact, the treaty will
place Mexico in the exact position in which
the Romans held their new conquests during
their transition state from foreign country
| into a Roman province. Mexico, under the
treaty, will be merely military province of the
United States, governed, indeed, by her own
| Congress, by her own laws, and having her own
executive; but all this under the influence of the
| military power of the United States. At any
moment, difficulties may arise between the Anne
rican military and the Mexican civil power
| there. war may p,vak vut, aud tire question OF
final annexation may be opened up afresh, when
it is least expected. Precisely Roman all over.
This singular treaty, therefore, which has
been negotiated by General Scott, is probably
one of the most remarkable things of the cam
| paign, and will be more favorable to Mr.. Folks
views, and those of his Cabinet, in the approach
ing presidential election, than any other arrange
ment that could have been made. The great issue
of the ultimate annexation of all Mexico-ofthe
gradual absorption of the whole oithat country
is Just as open as it ever was, and may still be
taken at the Baltimore convention. There is
up and creating an issue; but this is also non
sense The domestic institutions of Mexico
are situated half way between those of the south
ern and those of the northern States of this
Union. Those institutions recognise no southern
slavery, butyet they recognise aservitude, equal
ly divided between the slavery institutions of
the South and the free labor institutions of the
North The democratic party and Mr.. Polk can
| l. a. ~ N I, nd thuo do
the Wilmot proviso, and all future movements
regarding new territory to be acquired, or the
ultimate annexation of the whole of the Mexl-
can republic. The wings will approve the treaty,
being glad of getting peace and quiet. The de-
mocrats willapprove the treaty, because il leaves
them with large army in Mexico, for which
they will require immense expenditures, and
also because it still leaves the ultimate annexa
ton of the whole of that republic open and &C.
cessible-preclsely as old Rome did. The COM
mercial interests of the United States will also
soon take the new, position of things created by
this treaty. They will throw their goods and
wares into Mexico, and the specie of that coun.
try, instead offoding its way directly TO England
will first come through the United States, for we
can beat the English in cur cheap manufactures
in any part of the world, and some of the specie
will certainly stick by the way
Thus, it will be seen that this remarkable and
singular treaty, negotiated by General Scott, on
the good old Roman plan, and upheld by the
wings, will produce some singular consequences
in the condition of parties, and in the result of
the presidential election.
Law Intelligence.
CouRT OYER AVID TNMNER, Feb. ~ Before
| Justice Strong Aldermen Oliver aud Smtth.-Tbe
court organzsd thi. moruil proceed With the trial