The examiner. [volume] (Louisville, Ky.) 1847-1849, 1848-12-09

pt,fation a,eadv made warrant the Belle that the
supply il very large anil fhat gold isfound 81 vsrl
| Gus points in an extensive district OF eonntfy.
Information received from officers OF the Navy,
and other sources, though not so full and minnie,
confirm the account OF the commander OF our mill
tary forces in California. II appears, also, nom
these reports, that mines ofquickslver are found
in the vicinity Of the gold region; one OF them Is
now being work ed and IL is believed 10 De among
the most productive in the world.
| The effects produced by the discovery of these
rich mineral deposites, and the success which las
attended the labors of those who have resorted TO
them, have produced surprising change IN The
state of affairs in California Labor commands
a most exhorbitant piice, and all other pursuits,
but that OF searching for the precious metal, are
abandoned. Nearly the whole male population OF
the country have gone to the sold districts. Ships
arriving on the coast are deserted BY their crews.
and their voyages suspended for want OF sailors.
Our commanding officer there cntertains apPre-
Ihensons that soldiers cannot be kept in the pub
lie service, without large increase OF pay. De-
seriions in his command have become frequent,
and be recommends that those who shall with
stand the strong temptation, and remain faithful
shall be rewarded.
This abundance of gold, and the all engrossing
pursuit Of it, has already caused in California an
precedented rise in the necessares Of life.
/ That we may the more speedily and fully avail
ourselves of these mines, IT is deemed OF vast
/ importance that a branch OF the mint OF the Uni
ted States be authorized 10 be established, during
/ signal advantages which would result from such
an establishment, would be that OF raising the
gold to its par value in that territory. branch
mint Of the United States al the great commercial
/ depot Of the West coast, would convert into our
coin, not only the gold derived from our own rich
mines; but also the bullion and specie which our
/ commerce may bring from the whole West coast,
Contra and South America. The West coast OF
America and the adjacent interior embrace the
best mines Of New Mexico, New Grenada, Cen
trail America Chill and Perm.
\ The bullion and specie drawn from these coun-
tries and especially from those of Western Mexico
and Peru, 10 an amount in value OF many millions
| of dollars are now annually diverted and carried
by the ships of Great Britain TO her own ports, 10
i be recoined used 10 sustain her National
Bank, and thus contribute 10 increase her ability
20 command SO much Of the commerce OF the
world. If a branch mint be established al the
| great commercial point upon that coast, vast
amount of bullion and specie would flow thltheT
10 be recoined, and pass thence to New Orleans,
New York and other Atlantic Cities. The amount
of our constitutional currency would be greatly
increased while its circulation would be promoted.
II is well known TO our merchants tredingt China
and the West coast Of America, that great neon
Iyenience and loss are experienced from the TACT
that our CONS are not current at par value IN those
countries.
The powers Of Europe, removed from the West
coast Of America by the Atannc ocean which in
tervenes, and by the tedious and dangerous naVl-
CATION around the Southern cape OF the continent
of America, can never successfully compete with
the United States in the rich and. extensive com
merce which is opened TO US at SO much less cost
by the acquisition of California.
I'll The vast importance and commercial advantage
of California has heretofore remained undeveloped
by the government of the country Of which y con-
lstituted part Now that this fle province is apart
Of country, al OF the States Of the Union, some
Imore Immediately and directly than Others, are
deeply interested in the speedy development OF
its wealth and resources. No section Of OR
teountIy is more interested, or will be benefited
more, than the commercial, navigating and man.
ufactuTing interests of the Eastern States. Our
planting and farming interests in every part Of the
Union will be greatly benefited by IL As our
commsrce and navigation are enlarged and ex-
. tended, our exports OF agricultural products and
our manufactures viii be increased, and in the
new markets thus opened, they cannot fail TO
command remnneraiing and profitable prices.
The acquisition of California and New Mexico,
the settlement of the Oregon boundary, and the
annexation of Texas, extending TO the Rio Grsnde,
are results which, combined, are OF greater con-
. sequence, and Will add more 10 the strength and
wealth Of the nation, than any which have pre-
eeded them since the adoption of the cOnstitu-
tion. 5000
But to effect these results, not only California,
! but New Mexico, must be brought under the con-
troll Of regular, organized Governments. The exist
ing condition Of California and OF that part Of New
MEXICO lying West of the Rio Gnande, and without
The limits Of Tsxis, imPeriousiy demand thai Con-
lofial Governments over them
UpoE the exchange of rati6cs,ions OF the treaty
Of peace with Mexico, on the Stl OF May, the tenn
Z porary Government which had been established
over New Mexico, had ceased to exist Impress
ed with the necessity of establishing territorial
!, Governments over them, recommended 10 the
!, iavorable consideration OF Congress, in my mes
! sage communicating The ratified treaty of peace,
on the 9th Of July last and invoked their action
that session. Congress adjourned without making
4 r. sI-e. - -
s R1pvssoe lol .ns me nam Inaass
leone entitled 10 the benefits Of our laws anC
constitution, and yet were left without amy regu
larry Organized Government Since that tune, the
very limited power possessed by the Executive has
been exercised 10 preserve and protect them fror
the inevitable consequences of state of anarchy
The only government which remained was that Is
tabshed BY military authority during the war. Re
garding this de facto government, and that BY the
presumed consent OF the Inhabitants il might be
continued temporarily, they we've advised TO con-
form and submit TO il for the short intervening pc
! Rod before Congress again assembled, and could
legislate on the subject
! The views entertained By the executive on this
point, are contained in a communication Of the
Secretary Of State, dated ON the 1th of October
last, which was forwarded for publication to Cali
lorna and New Mexico: copy of which is here
with transmitted.
The small military force Of the regular amy
Z which was serving within the limits of the G.
qured territory at the close Of the war, retain
ed in them, and additional forces have been order
ed there for the protection Of the inhabitants anC
10 preserve and secure the rights and interests
the United States.
No revenue has been or could be collected a
the ports in California, because Congress failed Il
authorize the establishment of a custom-house, o.
: the appointment Of officers for that purpose.
The Secretary of the Treasury, by circular lette1
addressed to collectors Of the customs, on The
7th day f0ctooer last, copy ofwhch is herewith
T transmitted, exercised all the power with which
he was invested by law.
y In pursuance of the act Of the 14th of Angus
last, extending thebeneft of the Post Office laws
TO the people Of California, the Postmaster Gener
I al has appointed two agents, who have proceeded
: the enc 10 California and the other TO Oregon
with authority TO make the necessary arrangement,
: for carrying its provisions into effect
e The monthly line Of ma il steamers from Pana
ma 10 Astoua has been required to stop and deliv
e er, and take mails at San Diego, Monterey anC
= San Francisco. These mail steamers, connected
. by the lsthmEs of Panama with the line of mai
steamers on the Atlantic, between New York aaS
2 Chaeres, will establish regular mail communi
cation with California.
: Il is our solemn duty 10 provide, with the leas
practicable delay, for New Mexico and California
: regularly orgsnized territorial governments. The
CAUSES oftha failure 10 do Ibis at the last session
E CT Congress, are well known and deeply to be re
: sretbsd. With the opening prospects Of our in
ereas sd prosperity and nat onal greatness, which
the acquisition OF these rich and extensive ter
rtcTies affords, how Irrational il would be TO oregC
J and 10 reject their advantages, which is eossa
with the existence of our Government Itself, ant
TO endanger BY internal strifes, geographical div
sions and heated contests, Tor political power, o.
Union OF our confede-acy rs il now stands: tina
E Union which binds us together as one people, ans
wnicA Tor sixty years has been cur shield ane