The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1848-10-30


powers, or a Limitation of them. Nicholas OF Rus
STA more absolute or yrannlcal than will be
the French Characteristic only difference is, one
man dictates, instead OF majority of $50. The
condition of the government, under the constitu-
ton, so called, will be In substance what it now
is-One chamber absolute, with an executive at
will. General Cavaignac now exercises all the
powers that he could under the constitution; and IS
Just as independent of the Chambers as he would
then be, in practice for although the Chambers
could not remove the President, except by way of
arrestlng HIM, there would not be moments
hesitation upon the subject and he would be re-
moved IN that form, as readily as they removed
the ex-Commlssioner, or imprisoned Emile de
Gerardln. In each of these cases, they acted
under the law of necessty-and SO they would
consider the arrest OF President, if he stood the
way of the Chambers, or even arrested their pro-
gress three days-the time assigned for HIM to
do so in the constitution. The French go In for a
representative dictatlon, an ollgarchy, tor gov
eminent, based on universal suflrages.
There is not one guaranty In the constitution of
any considerable Importance; indeed, there can
hardly be said to be office that is not IN reach
of the Chamber, and at It's mercy. The judiciary
looks, on paper, the most like exemption from Is
control but, practically, that is in the power of
the Chamber. The Chamber is despot, IN every
sense of that tenn both in theory, and will be in
practice, for the French very arbitrary in their
practice, whatever may be their theories or their
instructive love of liberty, Hence, the power of
Napoleon; and the love which the people bear HIM;
for they did not see how arbitrary he was they
saw only the man, and his career of glory, and
the manner IN which he struck off the ancient
chains which had bound them to the earth and
improve the condition of the people-hence the
French obeyed him implicitly. I have always had
my misglvlngs, as my, letters, from their earliest
date, will show, OF the capacity of the French
same sentiment. They go to work to patch up
thing, which they call constitution; whereas 1t
is nothing but set OF DEGREES, ali OF which one
Chamber can overturn, repeal, or nullfy, in mo-
ment. There is no impossible gulf tor protection
against the Chamber 1t emb braces some moral
and political maxims, and assignment of duties to
certain officers, &c; but well defined divisions,
limitations. restrictions, and powers. indie
deed, do not discover why the present Chamber
and Executive is not fac sim,ie of what the fu-
tufe ones will be, and the provisions of the so
called constitution are only little drapery thrown
over the true state OF the question: to cover its
nudity. am sorry 1t is so, because believe the
people of France far in advance of their Chiefs
and that well defined, real constitution, would
have been of great service to the counry-that
wanted organic laws, and not decrees-and that,
until she has such organic lave, well defined, she
will have no more respect for any laws than she
now has, which IS, indeed, very little.
General Cavalgnac and Louis Napoleon were
not present during the discussion yesterday. 'All
kinds of rumors are In circulation as to the part
the government ID to play during the discussion of
the Presidential question but there have yet been
no Developments or action. 1t is now said that
there will be no change of ministry TIL after the
adoption of the constitution.
There have been some troubles ut Lyons and
Peuy. de-Dome, but not very serious. There have
been some indications m Paris. The French act
without talkipg the English and Irish talk with
out acting. Louis Napoleon, elected In five de-
partments, has elected Paris, the place of his
birth. There are, then, four vacancies to fill again.
What system But, in all cases, we must con-
slder the peculiar character of the French people,
that they have only been accustomed to despotic
and hort 70 fbn Iytpn
manners, and systems OF republicans; and am
rejoiced that they have succeeded as well as they
have, and that there is evidence of progress in this
respect. OBSERVER.
FRANKFo orr oN-THE- MAIN, Oct l, 1S4S
The War NTH Denmark-Ihe Outrage in Frank
fortified vblicamism-!State of Germany, &c
The hopes tbatA few short months ago ANNA.
ted the German Fatherland, in Its length and
breadth, have been cruelty blighted the beams of
10Y that enlightened every face and seemed to say,
we are now a bard of brothers" have given way
to the impressions of soul-corrodIng sorrow.
The scourge of civil war has swept Like hurr-
cane over the land of promise, and left gaping
wounds, which point to an sSenful future, and
The events Of the few cste Weeks in Germany,
have been like a race of history against time and
the latter has won the prize--for the ferment of
passions and the maniac rage CT the actors have
doomed many memorable scene to pass unre-
corded. Would that it were so with all, for there
are few, ihoeed, whose recital would not put the
blush on humanity. The war with Denmark has
been fatal one for Germany, in many respects,
but IN none more so than its connection with the
recent instruction in F frankfort. The nation felt
that it was time to conclude contest that mode
ration and GOODNESS might have avoided entirely,
andwhich has cost many precious lives and no small
pecunlary sacrifice. That this contest must be closed
on terms less grasping than the demands of March,
issuing from people intoxicated with their new
position, and lmbucd with an idea that Europe
must bow to their sceptre, is a result that every
thinking man foresaw. Even the Assembly of
Frankfort was, for a momeny famed by the breeze
of passion, and crushed ministry whose dement,
was an earnest endeavor to restore peace and
commerce TO the shores of the Baltic, and the
weary soldiers to their homes and fresldes. The
confidence of the victorious IN the justice of their
movements, may be judged from the fact that
among theof none could be found who were willing
to take the responsibility of ministry whose task
would be to carry out their own measures. Two
endeavors TO form new ministry falled-a sober,
second thought seemed to take possession of the
Assembly, and they solemnly revoked their act by
a clear and legal majority OF the representatives OF
the people. This affronted the extreme left of the
Assembly, and they resorted to the monstrous ex-
pedient of exciting the masses against portion Of
their body in the hopes OF producing disorder and
anarchy. A meeting was convened, by set of
heartless demagogues, and their tools induced to
give their reclamation to resolution branding the
majority of an Assembly, elected by universal suf-
trage, as traitors to their country II is needless
to say, that the Denmark treaty was mere sham
and pretext to excite the populace to acts OF
lence, and the red republicans invited their men
to resort to arms to expel the majority. Their
cess land the scene of terror that followed is known,
1t is necessary to make clear distinction between
the left and the extreme left of the Assembly the
latter, composed of about twenty blood-red' Mon
tagnards," see their only hopes of political adj
vancement, IN exciting the most brutal passions
among the masses, and their ardent desire is the
guillotlne and few hours of pillage They are
the curse Of Germany, and bid fair to give the
death-bow to the newborn free institutions, and
be the best instrument In the hands of the reaction
For what matters it to descant hours on the
beauty of republican governments and their fea-
sibiity In the present moment in Germany, when
their disciples use their influence to pamper to the
worst passions The result is horror at the very
name of republic, and the most liberal minded
cling TO monarchy as refuge.
The outrage of Frankfort is the greatest blow