The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1848-09-20

and protect all As deep the sake u the sous IN the
Union and political INSTITUTIONS. not deeper
ihAi Of the north. We shall be well prepared and az
capable Of ceeling whatever may come. Is you
No~, LEI say, Senalors If oar Union aud system OF
government doomed perish and the fate
Of many great people who have gone before his
orsn, ~ho n future day, may record the
ending IN 90 cAlamous result viii devote his first chapter
10 the ordinance Of lauded and authors have
been as The first 10 that which led HIS next
chapter viii be devoted the Missouri compromise and
The next 70 the agitation. Whether there vii be
another beyond knsS moi. Ii Will depend on What ~e
NAV do.
Hhc should possess philosophical Of mind, and
be disposed look and reconcile causes
thecal truism, bot WHICH as now expressed ana nov
understood the false and dangerous OF all political
error. The proposition TO which allude has become an
axiom the minds of many both sides Of the
Atlantic and repeated daily from tongue TO tongue
established and nconrovertible truth that all
are born free and equap | afraid attack error,
however deeply may be enrenehed, however widely
extended whenever II becomes my duty 10 do So be-
lieye il TO be this subject and occasion.
Taking the proposition literally "a, is in that is
andersood there word of truth in IT, 1t begins
with " ali men born" which is utterly Men
are not born Infants born They grow TO be men.
And concludes with asserting that they born free and
eGuaI,' which is less false. They born free
Wnie infants they incapable Of freedom being destitute
alike of The capacity Of thinking and acting without which
there be freedom Besides, they necessarily
born subject 70 their parents and remain among all peo
PIE and civilized, until the development Of their
themselves. They grow all the freedom of which the
condition in which they born permits by growing
be Nor is i less false that they born equal"
They not 80 in any in which be regarded ;
and thus have asserted there word Of ruth
the whole proposition expressed and generally under
stood.
emily expressed in the declaration Of independence That
asserts that all created equal The form OF
expression though lees dangerous less
All not created According the Bible, only two
man and woman were, and Of these pro-
nounced subordinate the other. All others have
into the world by being born and as have
shown either free eqnal. But this form Of expression
being less striking and popular has given the
and under the authority of document put forth on
has spread far and WIDE and xed itself deeply in the public
mind II inserted in declaration Of Independence
without any necessity. IL made necessary part Of
justification separating from the paren, country, and
declaring ourselves independent Breach Of chartered
privileges, and awless eneroachment acknowledged
and well established rights by the parent country the
real and of themselves sufficient without resortng
any other, justify the STEP Nor had any weight
constructing the governments which substituted In
the place Of the colonial. They formed Of the old
materials and practical and well established principles
borrowed for the part from experience and
that of the country from which we sprang
III the proposition be traced still further back will be
found have been adopted from certain writer's govern
who had attained much celebrity the early settle
of these States and with whose writings all the prom
Inent actors Revolution familiar Among these
Locke and Sydney were prominent Bot they expressed
very differently According to their expression, all
others derived and this which l referred
when called it hypothetical uism. To understand why,
will require some explanation.
Man. for the purpose of reasoning may be regarded
three different in Of individuality that
living by himself apart from the of his species In the
social that rs living IN society associated with others of
his species And IN the political that living under gov
eminent We may reason as to what would be his rights
and duties in either without taking into consideration
whether he could exist it not Iii certain that in the
first the very supposon thar he lived apart and separated
from all others would make him free and equal No
such could have the right command control
another. Every would be his master, and might
do jnst as he pleased But il is equally clear, that
exist such state that he by Social and
that society necessary not only the proper develop
of all his facuiues moral and intellectual but the
very existence Of his Such being the case the
Is purely hypothetical and when say all
free and equal IN H. we announce mere Hypothetical uism
/ that truism resting suppostion that
exist, and OF course OF little practical value
Bot to call il state Of nature great msnomer, and
has led dangerous for that Justly be called
man as TO be inconsistent with the existence of his and
the development Of the high faculties mental moral
with which he is endowed by his Creator.
Nor social of itself his natural state for society
can more exist without government, form or
another than without society IL the POLITICAL hen
which includes the socathat his natural II the
for which his Creator formed him. which he i'm
PEELED irresistby, and which only his and
all It's faculties be fully developed.
Such being the case follows that any, the form
Of government better than anarchy and that individual
be protect society against anarchy within
destruction without for the safety and webeing of
ciety paramount individual liberty the safety
and wellbeng OF the TO that Of individuals and
the same proportion the necessary for the safety Of
society il paramount to individual liberty On the contrary
government has right control individual liberty beyond
wha, necessary the safety and webeing Of society
Such the boundary which the power of
men, and the Liberty of the citizen subject in the political
stale, which, have shown, the natural Of
the only which his exist and the in
which he is born, lives and dies.
follows from all this that the quan,um of power on the
part Of the government and of liberty that OF individuals
instead Of being equal all cases. necessarily be very
unequal among different people, according their different
conditions For Just IN proportion people ignorant
stupid debased, corrupt exposed violence within and
danger from without the necessary for
order TO preserve society against anarchy and
destruction becomes greater and greater and individual lib
ery lees and less until the lowest condition reached when
absolute and despoc power becomes necessary part
Of the government, and individual liberty SO,
the contrary people the scale Of n,elg
virtue, and PATRIOTISM and the perfectly they become
acquainted with the of government the ends for
which ordered, and how ought to be administered
ant the less the tendency violence and disorder within
ana danger from abroad the necessary for government
becomes less and less and individual liberty greater and
greater Instead then, of all having the RICH,
liberty and equality claimed by who hold that
they are all born free and equal liberty the noble and
highest reward bestowed mental and development
combined with favorable circumstances Instead then
liberty and equality being born with men, instead of all men
and all classes and descriptions being equally entitled TO
them they are high prizes to be won, and their
perfect state not only the highest reward can be
slowed on but the difficult to be won and
when won the most difficult to be preserved.
1 Thrvh have hesn