The Arkansas banner., 1848-06-27
2. = \ ". W :, 2 ' ' ~

AAptN 1t NAtI 0At1t WNNE M tGfEAtu4tt aad fpr is eseniuai samsssicn in uepate S'atrs inio fhe Union. And tee peSsaasion, that ths ordsnaace cUntaintd within self all the nrers- ssry Eneans of exeestion, pFobahiy prevented any direct 'siessece 10 ihe subject iH inc Constitution futth~r tah yestlng n Congess the rret te Aisais the Siatne fprped under n istoths Hnoa Hew- ever, effchfnsfsnees ssose, Hbeh required lerisa- tion. well ever the tsrtory north of rhe ohia, as over ether territory, bcth ishin and witoss tsse oSigiBal Cniea, ceded io the General Gpverument aad, as ssrieas times. more enlarged power has zen cxescis d thc Test1iories- thsse- by the difFeseut TefTfcfias G0vernnen's- is eonseyrd by iiIe limited gsani referred to How fsF an existing necessity may have opeTaiea h pre- dHcing this Iegislation, and thus exteBding, hy rather a vioieHt implication, powers moi directly given. know no.- But certain if is thatfhe ryir. ciple Of interference should not be carried t&vord the necessary implication, which prodncns n. IL ssosaid he lited b the creation nf proper eeTera ussnts for countries, acquired sssied and 10 the necessary provision for their evrn,aas admission info tae Unicn; iesyirg, in the mesnfi,ne, to the peep1e inhshiting them, to regulate shsir internal conceFns n their own ~ay They are 'iast ns eapa. bls cf doing so the people of the states; and they can do so. al any rnte as their political in- dependence Is recognized by admission Into the Union. During ms temporary condition, it ia hardly expedSen so call Into exercise doubsfui and iayidioas authority which questioas the iDteIli- gebce of respectable portion cf cur citixrns and whose limi'ation, whatever 1t may be, will be rapid. Y approaching its tefmination-an authority which would gise to Congress despotc power, uneontrol- led by the Cousti uiion. over most important sec tisns ef common coahtry. For, if the relation of master snd servant may be tseulased or annihi.
 lated by iss egisati0n, Tnay ihe relation of bus band and wife, of fSrcnt and rhd and of any other condition which ouf institations and the habits Of our society recognize. What would be thought if Congress should undertake prescribe the terms of marriage in New York or to regulate the autsori- ty of parents over their children Tn Pennsylvania .- And yet q V ouid be as vain 10 seek one lassfying the interference of tue National Legislature in the csses referred to in the original States of the Union l speak here of The inherent power of Consre s. and do Dot touch inc question of such eonirscts sx may be formed ~iih new States when admitted into the CoHfedeTacy.
 Of all the questions that can agIsAie us those which merely sectional ber character are ttse most dangerous. and the most to be depFecAied The warning voice of bia who, from lis character and service, and virtue had the best right io warn us proclaimed to his eountryuan, m hss Farewell Az dress-ihat monument of wisdem Tor him, as hope II will be of safety for them-bow much we tad 10 arprehead fro measures peculiarly affecting geo graphical portions ot our country The grave cir- enEasianees in which are nos placed make these words, words of safety; fer am satisfied from ali have seer aud heard here. thst ssecessful d. tempt 10 ngtsft the Priaciples of ths Wlpot Pro- yiso upon the legislation of this Government and tn apply them b new territory should territory De acquired, woaid seriously ae,t tranquility do 1ot suffer myself 10 ioTesee or to foFetelI the consequences that would ensne; for trust and be- lieve ihefe is good and goodIeeiag eaosgs in the eounry 10 avoid them, by avoiding li occasions which mig at lead to them.
 Briefly then, am opposed to the exercise of snj Jarisdiciion by Congress over ths matter; and aui Tn favor of leaving 10 the people of any territory, winch may be hereafter scquue4, ibe right 10 re- guaie t ter themselves, under the general princi
 pies of the Gonsiituten. Because-
 l. to not see in the Constitution any grant of the requisite power 10 Congress: and am noi ds-
 nsed ID extend doubtful prece ieni beyond its
 eessIty-the estabiisbnsnt of Territorial Goyera-
 menis when needed-iesviny to the inhabitants sil
 iiss rights compatible with the relations they bear To inc Confederation.
 ,. Because beIere this measure, if adopted,
 woaid weaken. il no impair, the union of tie States; and would so~ the seeds of futare discor5, winch would grow uP and riPeh into an abundant harvest of caiaIaiiy
 ;. Becsass believe general cSnyicfion, thst snch proposition would succeed, W oud lead to Immedia'e withholding of the suPrIi-s, and thas to oisbonorsbe term. nation ot the war. think dIspassionaie observer al Ute seal of government Can conbt this result.
 4. II. however. a this anu under a nissppre. pension, am under tn the praeticei operation of this restriction ii adopted by Congress, upon Il treaty oi peace fnakitg any acqeisrion of Nexlcaa territory Such trea'y wo'sid be rejeciei Iosi as certainly as presented to inc Senste. Mere than one third of Sha, body would yoie sgain4t ii view ing such principle exclusion of the e'iEeps oi the slst steholdiag States from participation in the benefits acquired by the treasure and exeiioBs oi al, and which sheaid be common 10 all l am repeating -neitfer advancing nor ceiehdiBg these Yie~s- That branch of the subject eoes ret lie ia my way. and shsll not turn ssidet 10 seek IL
 In this aspect oi the matter. the peoplo oi the '. States must choose between ths restffctIon and tie extension of their territorial limits. They canno; have bafb; and which they will surrender must de- prnd upon their rsprescnis'ires first, and then, d taese tsiI then, upon themseives.
 5 Bat, after all ii ssems to bc generally eonced- ed. Hat ihs resuieiion n carried into effect, could not operate upon any Sfssu 10 be fsrn1ed from new " acquired ieFs1osy. Tine well-kncwn attributes ef sovereignty, cgnzed hy is belonging 10 the State 6o, etnDents, would sweep before them any sGch barrier and would leave the people express and exert heir wl al piessur~ Is tie obieet then, oi iefsPorary exriuson icr so short period as ihe dsraiioa of the Territorial Governmens, worth the pasee al wtsch it would be purchased l-weyth tAe dascord II would eBgender, the trial to which II wouid expose our Union, and the evils that would be The certain eonsequence. let tla trial result it nsighg As to the course, which has been infI- nstsd rather than prcpOsed, of Ingraiting such . restriction uPon any treaty of acquisition, per | sa@de myself it would 6ad bu; little fAvor in any portion of hs country. Such all arrangement would reader Mexico FArty. having r'ght to lntesfese ia out internal siiiat0ns In questions ieft ey lie Consultation 10 the State GoveFanfs nis, and woaA iahsei serious blos upon our faDSamentai FrIne- pies Few. indeed. trast, there are among us who would thus grant 10 foreign power ihe ught 10 inquire imto the eoastitntcu and conduct oi the sovereign States of this Union; and if there any. sn not among them, and never sisali be. To the people Of this county. under God, now and here l afser, ifs deslinie$ cosnmittsd and we Wani DO foreign power to inserrogat treaty in hand, and to say. why have yoa done this, or why have yoa efi that gndones Our own dignity aud the prlIaei- pies of national iadependence nHite to rePei such proposition.
 But ihere is sncfheT imror,aB; consideration, 1 Ebich ought not 10 bt icst ssgh cf, in tie invrst gsties of this s1b3ect The question that presents tsslf s not qnesiSSn Of the increase, bat Of the iffdsioa ef slavery Whether iis sphere be station ny oF progressive. is srnounf will ee the same, The rejection cf thss resrictOn wilI ne add cne to he class Of servitnde, nor will is adoption give IA. Al -H~ Nt