Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1848-12-08

of the male population Of the country have gone
to the gold district Ships arriving on the coast
are deserted by their crews, and their voyages
suspended for want Of sailors. Our commando
ing officer there entcrtains apprchensions that
soldiers cannot be kept in the public service
without large increase of pay. Deseriions in
his command have become frequent and he re-
commends that those who shall withstand the
strong temptation, and remain hithiul, should
be rewarded.
This abundance Of gold, and the all-engross-
ing pursuit Of il, have already caused in Caliior-
MIA an unprecedented rise In the price OF the
neccEsaries Of life
That VIC may the more speedily and iully avail
ourselves Of tho undeveloped wealth Of these
mines, il is deemed of vast importance that a
branch of the mint Of the United States be au-
thorzed TO be established, ar' your present scs-
sion. in California. Among other signal advan-
tanos which would result from such an establish.
ment would be that Of raising the gold TO it, par
value in that Territory, A branch mint Of the
United States at the great commercial depot on
the west coast would convert into our own coin
not only the gold derived from our own rich
mines but also ihi bullion and specie which
our commerce may bring from the whole west
coast of Central AID South America. The ives,
coas. of America and tho adjacon, interior en-
brace the richest sld best mines Of Mexico, New
Grenada Central America, Chill, and Peru
! The bullion and pccie drawn from these coun.
tries and especially from those Of Western Mex
| leo and Peru, to an amount in value Of many
millions Of dollaB, are now annually diverted
and carried by thi ships Of Great Britain TO her
| own ports TO be recoined or used to sustain her
National Bank, AID thus contribute to increase
her ability to Command 80 much Of the CON.
merce Of the word. If a branch mint be estah-
| ishcd at the great commercial point upon that
coast, vast amount OF bullion and specie would
| flow thilher to b. rccoined and pass thence to
| New Orleans, New York. and other Atlantic
/ cities. The amiunt OF our constitutional cur
rency at home would be greatly increased while
| iis circulation abroad would be promoted. Ii is
well known to or merchants trading 10 China
and the west coasl Of America, that great in
convenience and loss are experienced from the
fact that our CONS are not current at thoir par
value in those Countries
The powers Of Europe. far removed from the
west coast Of America by the Atlantic ocean
which interviews. and by a tedious and danger
Gus navigation aiound the southern cape Of the
continent OF America, can never successfully
compete with the United States in the rich and
extensive commerce which Is open to US at 20
much less cost By the acquisition Of California
The vast importance and commercial advan-
tages OF California have heretofore remained I'M
developed by the government OF the country OF
WHICH II CONSTITUTED part -NpN inh Nil4 hun
] province is part Of our country, all the State.
OF the Union, some more Immediately and d.
rectly than Others, are deeply interested in the
speedy development OF its wealth and resour-
ces. No section Of our country is more inter
esled, or will be more benefited, than the coul-
menal, navigating, and manufacturing inter
csts of the eastern States. Our planting and
farming Interests in every part Of the Union
will be greatly benefited tyit. As our com
mercc and navigation are enlarged and extend
cd our exports Of agricultural products snd Of
manufactures will be increased; and in the new
markets thus opened, they cannot fail 10 com
mand remnnerating and profitable prices.
The acquisition Of California and New Next
co the settlement Of the Oregon boundary, and
the annexation Of Texas. extending 10 the Ric
Grande, are results which, combined, arc Of
greater consequence, and will add more TO tho
strength and wealth OF the nation, than an,
which have preceded them since the adoption o.
the constitution.
Il But to effect these creA, results not only Cal
iiornia, but New Mexico, must be brought un
der the control OF regularly Organized govern
menis. The existing condition Of California
and Of that part Of New Mexico lying west o
the Rio Grande, aud Without the limits Of Tex
rs, inPcriously demand that Congress should. a
its present session, organize territorial govern
mcnts over them
treaty Of peace with Mexico on the thirticth o
May last, the temporary governments which hai
been established over New Mexico and Caliior
MIA by our military and naval commanders, b,
virtue OF the rights Of war, ceased to derive AM
, obligatory force from that source of authority
and having been coded to the United States al
government and control over them under Ia,
authority Of Mexico has ceased to exist In
pressed with the necessity OF establishing terri
torial governments over them, recommends,
the subject to the favorable consideration O
Congress in my message communicating the rat
flied treaty Of peace, on the sixth Of July last
and invoked their action at that session. Con
gress adjourned without making any provision
iOI their government. The inhabitants, BY III,
transfer Of their country, had become entite,
TO the benefits Of our laws and constitution, anS
| yet were LEFT without any regularly organize,
government. Since that time, the very Unite,
, power possessed by the Executive has been ex
! erciscd to preserve and protect them from tn
inevitable consequences oil state OF anarchy
The only government which remained was tina
, established by the military authority during tn
war. Regarding this TO be a de tacto govern
ment, and that by the presumed consent Of tn
inhabitants Il might be continued temporarily
they were advised to conform and submit 10
for the short intervening period before Congress
would again assemble and could legislate on tn
/ subject. The views entertained by the Execu
. tive on this point are contained in a communi
cation Of the Secretary of State, dated the al
Of October last, which was forwarded for publ
cation to California and New Mexico copy o
, which is herewith transmitted.
, The small military force of the regular arm,
I which was serving within the limits Of the &C
qured territories at the close of the war, was re
tanned in them, and additional forces have beef
! ordered there for the projection of tho inhabi
! tants, and to preserve and secure the rights an,
, interests of the United States.
+ No revenue has been or could be collected a
the ports in California because Congress faile,
r to authorize the establishment Of cusiom.house,
or the appointment Of officers for that purposc
The Secretary of the Treasury. By circula
I letter addressed 10 collectors of tho customs Of
the seventh day Of October last, a copy of whicl
: is herewith transmitted, exercised ali the powc
A with which he was invested BY law.
In pursuance Of the act of the fourteenth G
. August last, extending the benefit Of our 10.
office laws to the people Of California, the Post
/ master General has appointed two agents, VII
r have proceeded, the one TO California, and III
t other to Oregon, with authority to make tn
5 necessary arrangements for carrying its proyiG
: ions into effect.
;. The monthly line of mail steamers from Pan