The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1848-08-27

soiI forever Yet that there a portion of them where
free labor could be introduced He thinks slavery
can compete with free labor anywhere have not quite
so high opinion OF IT, The gentleman has no prac-
tica knowledge on the subject | speak from my own
observation, and say that in the beautiful county where
reside although slavery is egalzed and protected there
are but about hundred slaves population OF about
forty thousand souls, because free labor profit
able The gentleman, like most others from his
lion, who know little OF slavery, except IRON books and
the speculaons of persons entertaining northern opn-
sons, thinks free labor can compete with slave labor
on a rice plantation, a sugar-ml, or IN cotton field
He in the midst OF men from the southern States
and if he will ask any one OF them, they will tell him
that his opinions entirely erroneous and visionary
Ii was because knew that portions of New Mexico and
California including the land of the Root Diggers" and
the parts where the of heaven for months together
do not bless the parched soil, and where irrigation fur
Dshes the only means OF watering the productions OF
the earth, would be cultivated by white labor
that | expressed the sentiment 10 which the gentle
man took exception. The senator from Massachusetts,
Mr.. Webster,l IN late speech on the Mexican treaty
declared his opinion at great length, that the north
ern laborer would never settle in those portions Of
that county and the gentleman viii make the inquiry
he will ind that IN the pastoral and grazing portions of
California, slave labor could not be advantag
poyed because the slaves sent TO tend the herds would
be less apt to return to their master than the herds them
selves Climate and production will sometimes make the
laws which to regulate the character of the labor Il
be employed in despite Of The gentleman thinks h,
egsate free labor into any part OF the earth crave
10 know OF him, then, why that he did not legis
late Il into all that vast region OF Texas lying south OF
80 degrees 80 minutes! Did not the Senator give
vote-aye a casting vote-ln favor of the resolution
which annexed Texas to the Union in 1882
MIR. DIX, in his seat, assented
The gentleman admits that he did. BY his vote ter
rltOry extending, according to his construction OF It's
boundaries, from the Sabine to the Bravo and from 33
degrees 80 minutes to the Gulf, danger than SIX OF his
great Stae,) made slave territory forever The
resolution annexng Texas contained the Missouri com
promise in the very form which IS now most objectionable
TO northern Yet he not only voted for 1t, but made
able speech for it, only three years ago! II he cou
apply the compromise line there why is he
uous against the same or any other compromise line
han the nfIema friend RIM ctIcut
MIR. NILES could doom beautiful and fertile country,
worth fifty New Mexico, and large enough for five
great States TO that very slavery which they denounct
in measured language and which senator declares
to be an neradicabe curse. Why great change The
resolution annexng Texas by simple ACT of Legislation
passed the Senate by majority of vote. 1t brought
with il a war with Mexico, which has resulted in the
QUESTION OF the adjoining Territories OF New Mexico
and California. The honorable gentleman, like him from
Connecticut voted Tor the and spoke tor the
voted for the treaty of acquisition, and spoke for the
QUESTION did not. Yet now, when the Territories
have been acquired by their efforts and design and when
the very worst evils predicted by myself and my frend
the inevitable consequences of the acquisition
upon uswhen that demon of discord RACES the midst
of whose approach foreold in debate the three
million bill year ago, the legitimate fruit OF this
accession OF territory, Tor which both these gentlemen
were then so anyious,nsead OF devising To al
lay the evils resulting from their conduct they
thiow every impeachment in the way to any amcable
uement of our difficulties. This is the mode in which
these gentlemen exhibit that bold and manly spirit for the
want which the committee that reported this bill ha,
been tainted They offer nothing to calm the tumul
they have raised bal find fault with everything which
others propose. The very who shun ali respon-
siby themselves, charge others with the
want OF courage 10 meet It
10 the support of this bill of peace the South has raj
lied with extraordinary unaninlty. Four members
this, and eight in the other House. constitute the whole
apparent southern opposition to and they have baseo
ina! opposition upon grounds which VIII place every
northern opponent, protesting hostility the existence
slavery, whether felt teigned, most unpleasant
puson il he refue their arguments to the salts
faction of his constituents for if the southern opposition
he
court, these northern gentlemen have rejected bill
which would have male the whole territory free! And
do they not perceive that by their defeat of bill which
SIMPLY makes the regulations necessary TO enable the
to exercise its appellate Jurisdictions they have
fused to comply with paipabe constitutional injunction
upon all; denied to themselves and their southern
brethren constitutional right; and subjected themselves
10 the inference-aye, the foregone concuson--tha,
their argument about free soil in these territories is
mockery' Are they afraid to try the questions What
will what must be the inference in the South from their
conduct in defeating the bill' What will be the proba-
BILE consequence OF denying to the South their cOnsttu
tiOnal right totry this question:
This, sir, is a question which put with and
alarm | am neither northern man a southern man
on this question. stand on middle ground. In the
spirit OF request from the legislature of Delaware
voted, at the time the Mexican treaty before the SEN
ate, extend the ansavey proviso in the ordinance of
1857 over the Territories to be acquired by that treaty
The resolutions of the Legislature OF Delaware not
as they have been represented to be- instruction TO
vote for the provsO but request to vote against the
acquisition OF slave territory 1t from men whose
opinions ! respect men who had the wisdom to oresee
the dScOrd and danger that would this acQul
stl0n OF Mexican territory, and who anxious 10
avert an evil which now threatens with disunon and
civil war. They are abOlltionists; neither they
the advocates of the extension of slavery In the spirit
of their request voted for the proviso against slavery
when no other man from slave holding State voted with
me. Some ten fifteen gentlemen from all the non
savehoding States voted with for that provso On
the treaty present colleague joined this vote,
and there but thirteen senators from all the North
Just Onehalf her delegation the Senate the lime)
who gave us their concurrence that vote Even the
senator from Ohio, Mr. ALLEN,l who voted with me tor
the proviso on the bills granting two and three millions
to secure peace with Mexico. went the other
side on the motion to insert it in the treaty of set
Element and limits made at Guadalupe Hidalgo My
votes given in the spirit of the legislative request to
me. were aimed against the acquisition OF territory,
which oresaw would be the apple of strife among my
were, with the aid of myself and my colleague Just
fifteen for that provso-less than one third But the
moment the barnbnrners blew their trumpet change
came the spirit of the dream of two or three sena
tors who sixty days ago scoed at this provso and its
effect, and they might number sixteen or TWEEN
ty friends OF II in the Senate including the from
Ohio, Mr. ALIEN who has returned to his first love
Under these circumstances, say of sense ,oH
euer calculate that majority Of thus body ,oW per-
penf extension Of slavery those territories By direct
fdn o. congress There is prospect of that than
OF majority vote in the other House introduce slavery
into the Territories
With the perfect knowledge of this fixed fact how
40 northern gentlemen who defeated this bill in the other
House, where they have large majority expect to settle
this question Do they expect the South to give up
their constitutional objections, because political major
lty IN one branch of Congress insist upon if Would
they give up their settled convictions of their con