The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1848-01-11
Lecture Of DR.. Baurd In Brooklyn.

Lecture OF DR.. Baird In Brooklyn.
We had the pleasure of hearing DR.. Baird de-
liver the first of his course of lectures on Europe,
IN the Female Academy, Brooklyn, last evening;
The lecture was attended by numerous and
highly respectable audience, the elite OF the City
of Churches. The Rev. lecturer fully sustained
his former character; and we should advise our
Brooklyn friends, who have not already deter
mined on attending this course, to do so imme-
diately. The subject is interesting; and DR..
Baird has had opportunity. personally, OF making
portion of the globe, which few Tiers possess.
The subject of this, and the following lecture of
tomorrow evening, is {" Russia and Poland"
The learned gentleman said that had he had his own
mind, he should have preferred to have begun with
Greece but circumstances have determined otherwise
have, therefore, to call attention to the least civil
BY emigrants from Asia IL is only lately they have
been known In Europe. The Turks not considered
speak Of going into Europe 70 little do these
nations consider themselves Europeans In the early
history Of Russia Of other nations there very little
We can depend on 1t is only when We come to more
modern times that we can arrive to certainty. The
learned gentleman gave very minute and interesting
of tho early settlement and histories Of Russia
and Po!aud-the various revolutions and changes which
have taken place. Poland, no said was much earlier
civilized than Russia, in consequence OF its proximity
to Rome, and the wars 1t had with Germany
Church matters, well as civil policy completely sepa.
rated and indeed, begat hatred betwixt Russia and
and the other to the Roman. What would you think
of aunon betwxt these churches! answer Impossible
Yet the newspapers of this country said last year that
the Emperor Nicholas was going special mission to
Rome ns to bring about union. Every ono In this
room IL acquainted with them and their differences,
knows that this is impossible; they continually
Poland being farther advanced than Russia In civsa
ton the arts and science, was victorious They took
Moscow burned it, and extended their conquest several
hundred miles beyond that city. The Tartars came
upon the Russians also, and they were nearly dc
stroyed. The arst king Of Russia reigned about the
time Of Queen Elizabeth They began to have some
transactions with England In 1914. TIE present dy
nasty commenced you are aware with Peter the Great
When he came to the, throne they were barbsrians
You know what Peter did to raise the Russan nation
travelled through England, France, Germany Sc and
collected artisans introduced them into his empire
He also founded St Petersburgh. Many have asked
why he foundea 1t in so unhealthy place. and the au
is very simple he did it because he had no other
place. Riga did not belong to that empire then. Ca
Uterine did more than even Peter for Russia The
present Emperor Nicholas, has also done much for
bis dominion He isliberal in the encouragement of the
arts and sciences These three were decidedly those who
raised Russia Let us now turn to Poland In the six
teenth century the reformation took place Poland was
Germany and you may well suppose would be Affect
ed by the change, The Roman church had great many
proseiytes in Poland. The reformation passed Po
land and svangezed to very great extent The in
habitants of Poland changed their constitution, and
made their monarchy elective The FIRST King elected
was Frenchman, and after reigning few months he
run away and refused be their King any There
only about 10000 proestsnts In Poland and they
found Themselves persecuted-not by the diet but the
King Had Poland become protestant country, no one
acquainted with Its history would hesitate In saying
that it would have been independent at this day The
QluerenCe
bottng 1t out from among nations Napoleon, in
deed, tried to re-establish Poland. He formed the
present kingdom under the title Of the Dutchy Of War
saw. The Congress Of Vienna gave the Duchy to
Russia, who oppressed them in every way. The conse
quence the part of the Poles in 1880 to as
their liberty died in tn, T
bottom Of the movement God only knows but II
so, it very bad indeed Of him to cause such
the other European nations would have assist
ed thsm, 1t would have been all very we'll Instead
ne
the people to enlist. The consequences was, they
could not raise soldiers the peasantry refused to
COW. In that small republic . number Of men had
copgregaed sgsins Austria They entered the Austrian
struotion OF Crscow. When was in Poland, talked
With thes, Poles and said there to assist you
and you Roman Catholics !, What has the Pope done
It there soldiers thtthey threat
ened put knives in the hands Of their dependents to
tn oa o. hs tho
ted tn. Poles for what they did to them The Poles
pressed Poland England and conquered by
the Danes and Ireland into the bargain and Denmark
for this has been severely handled BY the English Sc
veral times within the present ceHtury These things
are warnings beacons to us saying If we do uojusy
to any NATION on our borders the time will assuredly
come when they will repay US. (Greas applause) The
Russian nations has much, territory than all
the other nations Of Europe put together the inhabi
tsnte Of Russia amount to about oty four millions
scarcely any mountains The soil Is also very fruitful
though there places very barren In the
Of Russia including Poland, much greater population
could exist There . great many things in Russia
similar to what are In America, and remind the Amerf
can of hi, own country There are great many large
commons In Russia there great many log cabins;
ia fact all log cabins except In tine cities and made Of
round trees The streets are wds and the houses are
separated from another Tbs people hospitsbe
as in America | have been sstonished ut noblemen
to whom had been just introduced, pressing me to
main at their house AS there are points on which we
her nro In htrh nn mt
There, there Is an absolute monarchy and dtspotism;
here there Is perfect freedom. The present Emperor
called my attention to these points Of
saw him. There are great many things which makes
one think he s not In Europe their dresses their hou
their tables, Sc, 40 different The learned gen.
tleman here gave very amusing account Of their
Of devotion, and the gestures which they exhibited
those occasions, prostrating themselves in eastern
fashion. This is practioed not only by the poor but
by the rich ! have seen young lady, he saiG come
out of q hsndsome csrrisgs her servants walk
with her into the church, place carpet for
ard she think nothing Of this, though there so
60 people beside her. will call your attention to
First the MOBILES TSsrs are half q million in Russia
proper, but taking Poland, there about million.
The present Emperor Is at the head, and s Ger
man than Russian His foreiathers have often
ried Germans that their blood chiefly flows in his veins
There are great many mobiles descended from the fol-
s Sss sns Tnsrs are rich snd poor nSos
you thar names. Some Of them ere yrnsee, IL was
curious when wanted to see prince, and wna-tQld
nobies and they were known BY small badge their
coats. An American gentleman went with badge, and
all the people began to knee to him Nobility easily
got hcrs captains Of vessels nobcs the of
bes nobles one order some OF whom have not an
income of $780, look down IN sovereign contempt upon
wealthy merchant. Mobiles only ore allowed to have
carriages with four horses abreast There various
grades Of merchants ALSO according to their income
they must give account of what It Is to the govern
ment and there are certain duties that they have
perform according to their rank to call yeur at
tenton to the serfs. They quite different from
slaves here They are bought and sold with the soil
They pay their masters certain yearly, about 81
AVID they allowed to TILL tho land You have heard
Of tho Russian who liberated 5000 serfs know him
be came to me at Paris and had several conversations
with him about their condition People can raise them
selves more in Russia than in any other country in Eu
rope. Serfs make money. There Is one serf who il
richer than his master He has offered to buy his Free
dom, but his master will not take the money as he
visbes for a mama In have him ottcn ~ hi. toh,s -