davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The spirit of democracy. [volume] (Woodsfield, Ohio) 1844-1994, 1848-07-15
Gen. CaSs at CIeayeland.

The Plain Dealer of the 2lst ult.
says:-About 2 O'Clock yesterday after
noon, signal gun announced the ap
pearance of the boat that was telegraph
ed 10 bring this distinguished individu
al to our city. There was a general
gathering of our citizens along the bank
of the lake, and multitudes began col
lecling at the steamboat landing. The
"Cleveland Light Artillery" Gen. San
ford, semper paradis, fired national sa
lutte as the Hudson approached the har
Dor; and when the noble craft, bearing
"Cesar and his fortunes" came along
side the dock, there went up from the
dense throng there assembled Three ire.
mendous shouts, so loud and long that
their echoes have scarcely yet died a.
way. There was general rush on
board to see and shake by the hand once
more this old pioneer OF the West. A.
mong the crowd, were twenty. of the
Generals old neighbors from Detroit,
who had come down in the morning to
escort and welcome him home. Mayor
Kelsey was on hand 10 take charge OF
his guest, and after numeI Gus introduc.
tions and salutations on board, prepara-
tions were made for repairing to the
New England. On reaching the deck
the crowd was so great and so dense as
to seem almost impregnable. Happily
for the General and his immediate es.
cort, the "GERMAN GUARDS" Lieutenant
Mack, true as the patriotic sons of Old
Germany are ever noted, had, unex-
pectedly to.the Committee and to all,
marshaIled their forces and appeared
on the spot in full uniform, with arms
presented to salute the General, clear
the way, and lead the escort 10 the Ho-
tel.
There was a long train OF carriages,
many on horse back, and crowds in the
street and on the sidewalk. General
Cass with the Mayor and the Commit
tee rode in the New England omnibus,
followed by the Detroit delegation in
carriages. The whole movement was
spontaneous and enthusiastic; and when
the procession had reached the New
England the crowd had increased to
several thousand. They occupied the
street in front of the house, and presen-
ted truly ''a sea of upturned faces.''
The spirit of democracy. [volume] (Woodsfield, Ohio) 1844-1994, 1848-07-15
Lieut. L. Mayne Reid.

This young hero, whose career in
the battles OF the valley of Mexico, has
been singularly romantic, is now in
this city, at JONES Hotel, having just
arrived from the seat Of war. His dar-
ing vaIor in the battle of Cherubusco,
and bl. peculiar prominence in the
charge of Chapultepec, where he fell,
as was supposed, mortally wounded,
have made him quite a historical char
acterin our conflicts with Mexico. He
returns to his adopted country-for
he was an lrishman by birth-covered
with honors and with laurels. 2'
In conversation with this brave young
soldier, who has been so honorably
mentioned in the dispatches Of the Com
mander- in chief, we rejoice to find that
his heart beats warmly in favor Of his
country and his country's cause. He
left for Mexico strongly inclined to be
s.a whig." He returns decided dem
ocrat, made so by the events of the
war, and by the course Of the federal
party in regard to that war. He speaks
strongly and frankly what he feels upon
the great subject, and shows conclu-
siyeIy how sincerely he feels what he
says Pennsylvanian. o
The spirit of democracy. [volume] (Woodsfield, Ohio) 1844-1994, 1848-07-15

PRoPosALs TO LIBERATE THE SERFs.-
The National lntelligencer contains the
following letter from ST. Petersburg,
which is not without Importance at the
present moment:
"Every one here is expecting some
great event, is any credit is to be at
tached TO the reports in circulation, and
which, there is every reason to believe,
are we'll founded. The Emperor yes
terday sent for the President Of the
Senate, the principal dignitaries Of the
Empire, the Bishop, anc the Ministers,
and communicated to them the project
which he had in contemplation, for inn
mediately enfranchising all the peasants
from personal servitude. They would
then be placed in the same condition as
the Poles, and the people in the pro.
vinces Of the Baltic.
"The young Prince c. ".
who is very popular at ST. Petersburg,
warmly supported the plan; but the
hereditary Grand Duke, who was be.
lIeved to be Of weak irresolute char.
ter, supported by his uncle the Grand
Duke Michael, and great number ol
important personages, insisted with
much 6rmness on things remaining as
they now are, founding their arguments
on the danger which would arise from
giving freedom to men yet plunged in
the lowest state of barbarism, and who
have not yeireceived any of the advan.
tages of education; and that on the eve
of a probable war, any change of the
kind would be impolitic. Notwith.
standing this opposition, orders were
sent BY the Emperor TO the civil and
military authorities in the different pro.
vinces to sound the feelings of the peo-
pie on the subject" sIa
The spirit of democracy. [volume] (Woodsfield, Ohio) 1844-1994, 1848-07-15
Passage of the Postage Bill.

The following important bill, in rela-
ton 10 newspaper postage, passed the
House of Representatives on Monday:
! The first section provides that after
the first Of July, oil newspapers Of no
greater size or superfcies than 1900
square inches, may be transmitted .hro'
the mail by The editors and publishers
thereof to all subscribers or other per-
sons within the county, or within 80
miles Of the city, town or other place
in which the newspaper is or may be
printed, free Of any charge for postage
whatever.
Sec. 2. All newspapers Of the size
aforesaid, sent from the office Of publ
cation, and which shall be conveyed in
the mail any distance bey ond the coun.
ty, OF beyond 80 miles from the place
at which the same may be printed, and
not over 100 miles, shall be subject TO
and charged with postage Of one-haIf
cent, and of one cent for any greater
distance, provided that the postage Of
single newspaper Of the size aforesaid
from one place to another in the same
State shall not exceed one-haf cent.
Sec. 8. Upon all newspapers Of
greater size than 1900 square inches,
sent from the Office Of publication, there
shall be charged and collected the same
rates Of postage as prescribed by this
act to be charged on magazines and
pamphlets; and upon aIlnewspapers Of
a less size or superficial extent than
500 square inches. sent from the Office
aforesaid, there shall be charged and
collected, uniform rate, Of one.fourth
Of cent for all distances within or with.
out the State in which the same may be
published.
Sec. 4. All printed or Autographed
circulars and hand bills or advertise.
menls, not larger than foolscap, unseal-
ed, one cent sheet. /.
/ Sec. 5. Pamphlets, magazines and
periodicals two cents for each copy Of
no greater weight than one ounce. and
one cent additional shall be charged for
each additional ounce Of the weight Of
any such pamphlet, magazine, matter
or thing which may be transmitted
through the mail, whatever be the dis
tance the same may be sent; and any
fractional excess Of not less than one
half of an ounce in the weight of any
such matter or thing above one or more
ounces shall be charged for as if said
excess amounted to full half ounce.
Sec. 6. Papers sent by others than
publishers, two cents, prepaid, etc.
The spirit of democracy. [volume] (Woodsfield, Ohio) 1844-1994, 1848-07-15
LATE FOREIGN NEWS
Arrival Of the Steamer Caledonia
SEVEN DAYS LATER FROM EUROPE.
Another Crisis in France.

The Steamer Caledonia arrived at New-York
on Sunday last, and brought dates to the 23d from
London, and oath ult. from Liverpool.
Paris was still greatly agitated, but the fearful
demonstrations which were anticipated in favor
OF Prince Louis Napoleon were prevented by his
resigning his seat in the National Assembly, and
this will probably allay the trouble which at the
date of our last advices threatened to overthrow
the Government There was not, however, much
feeling in favor of Prince Louis.
There are six candidates for the Presidency,
in the field, viz-.-M. Lamartine, Theirs, Prince
Louis Bonaparte, NJ. Marrast, General Cavdenc,
and Caussidierre, Ex-Prefect of Police
The Orleans party will support M. Thiers, and
Berger has declined in his favor. The legitimal-
lists are divided between Theirs, and Lamartine.
1t Is, of course, difficult to say who will be the
successful candidate, but if the election was soon
to take place, little doubt exists that Louis Napo-
leon would be elected, and accordingly the con-
stitution has been altered, and the President, in
stead of being elected By the people, will, unless
he has an absolute majority Of the votes gwen, be
elected by the National Assembly from five per-
sons returned by the people.
A telegraphic despatch to the New York Cou-
fier and Enquirer, received at Liverpool from Pa
ris, dated at noon on the Mth ult. says, that the
crisis has actually arrived in Paris.
On Friday the 23d, the telegraph reports, that
the troops and the National Guards were fighting
desperately with the people, and that terrific
sacrifice of lite had already taken place.
1t was also reported that the profered mediation
Of England will be accepted by Austria, regard
ing the Italian quarrel. ......-... ....
1t is just reported that the Executive Govern
ment have resigned, and that General Cavaignac
has been placed at the heads of the armed forces,
and has declared Paris in siege.
Prince Louis Napoleon was elected Colonel of
the 4th Legion of National Guards. .... ...
Prince of ofLeuchtenburgh, son of Prince Eugene,
is spoken of as new pretender.
The war in Denmark continued undated At
conference of the Kings of Sweden, Denmark,
and the Grand Duke Constantine, Russia, in be-
half of Denmark, demanded the Germans to evac-
uate the Duchies before the negotiating OF Chies-
wig was given up Russia claimed Hostein, ac-
cording to treaty with the Danes.
A collision occurred at erlin between the peo-
pie and the Bursher Guard, while tn! latter were
attempting to disperse the workmeD, who were
demanding work or money from the Minister'S
Five were severely wounded. Barrcades were
then formed, and the people captured the Arsenal,
and distributed two thousand stand of arms They
afterwards retired from the building. ..--
outbreak occurred at Prague in consequence
of the King refusing to confirm the provisional
government. The students and the people rose,
put themselves under the protection of the people
The government resigned.
The spirit of democracy. [volume] (Woodsfield, Ohio) 1844-1994, 1848-07-15
Massachusetts Whiggery repudia-
ting Taylorism- Great Meeting
at Worcester.

One Of the largest political ccnven-
tions that ever assembled in New Eng.
land, assembled at Worcester, Mass,
on the 98th inst, to repudiate the nom-
ination of Gen. Taylor. The number
present we have seen variously estima-
ted at from to 10000 persons. Let.
ters were read from Mr.. Palfrey, a
leading whig member OF Congress, and
Fl iom Mr.. Williams, one Of the senate.
rial delegates from Michigan, to the
Philadelphia Convention. expressive oi
their opposition to Gen. Taylor
Speeches to the same effect were made
by j. r. Giddings, member Of Congress
from Ohio, l.. d. Campbell delegate to
the whig convention from the Warren
district, and others.
The convention resolved against both
Taylor and Cass--approved the recon.
mendation OF the Ohio Free Soil Con.
vention, for National Convention al
Buffalo-that Massachusetts was now
where she always was, and where she
always would be, &c., &c.
In numbers and in talent, the con-
vention was one of The most respecta-
Bile that ever assembled in New-Eng.
land, and the determined opposition OF
the leading spirits of abolition whigge'
ry not to swallow Taylor, negroes and
all, will make, even old federal Massa-
chusetts, State wherein democrats
will do battle for Cass and Butler, with
strong hopes of success.-Statesman.
The spirit of democracy. [volume] (Woodsfield, Ohio) 1844-1994, 1848-07-15
From the Democratic Messenger.
Whiggery Renowned Forever.
FOR CASS, BUTLER AND WELLER.

We take pleasure in laying the fol-
lowing letter from an influential citizen
Of North Bloomfield tp., before the pub
| lie.
Mr.. SMITH, who now abandons his
former political friends, has long been a
whig and nothing else; but we are graf
flied 10 know that he has at length seen
through the shallow covering that hides
the deformities of that party from public
gaze. And, there are many others like
him, who have been deceived, but will
now abandon that party and its selfish
creed-and 60 'for Cass, Butler, Vel
Ter, and Democracy" But let him
speak for himself:
NORTH BLOOMFIELD tp., June %, lS4s.
Mr.. EDIroR: Although long a whig,
unlike most Of that party have been in
the habit of thinking and examining for
myself, and in doing SO, have discover
ed that the tendency Of the principles
advocated by my friends, is of the most
dangerous character. Granting special
privileges TO a portion of the communi-
ty, that comprises within its numbers
most OF the wealth of the country, can
never enhance the interests of the mas
ses who are debarred the enjoyments Of
them-and as such is not the avowed
object of our government, |, for one,
do not feel willing to support the party
tha, is in favor Of granting them.
The position of the whlg party in its
opposition to the present war, was al
so long matter Of regret to me-and
when our leaders openly abused the
soldiers in The tented field, anG refused
to vote them supplies, could no long
er act in sympathy with them. My
country, right or wrong, when the con-
troversy is between her and a foreign
nation, has always been, and is now.
my motto, therefore will oppose the
opposels Of that country whether | find
them at home or abroad. M
For these and other reasons, Mr.. Ed
itor, have determined to abandon my
former political iriends,and request you
to publish the fact to the world. lgo,
hereafter, for CAss, BUTLER, WELLER
and DEMooRAcv. m s4s s2 eelt
Yours respectfully, 4
WILLIAM SMITH. Il
The spirit of democracy. [volume] (Woodsfield, Ohio) 1844-1994, 1848-07-15
Arrival Of Gen, ButIer ii N. Orleans.

Ii will be seen among the list Of pas
sengers arrived at New Orleans on the
26th ult., on board the steamer Fanny,
is the name Of Major General Butler,
commander.in-chief Of the army, and
the Democratic candidate for the Vice
Presidency. The New Orleans Mer-
curry, OF Monday evening, says:
"While we write, cannon loudly pro-
claim the arrival Of the commandment
chief Of the army, and the hearts Of our
citizens beat responsive TO that adeeP.'
toned welcome. lt,is a fitting way Of
announcing the return Of a brave and
successful General 10 Ms country-it
recalls the memory Of The victories he
has aided TO achieve, and speaks Of the
dangers he has dared for the glory Of
the American arms. We hail the ar.
rival of General Butler not as the cans
didate for the Vice Presidency, but as
a patriot and sodier-a man whose
early youth and ma,ured vigor were
spent in battling for his country, and
whose waning wears have been devoted
at the same l.olv shrine. 7 ~ sfss "a
"General Butler, we learn, has ac-
cepted an invitation TO participate in
the festivities at Gretna on the 4ih Of
July, in the celebration Of our national
anniversary. A barbecue, on an ex-
tensive scale, we understand, is 10 form
one feature in the grand doings on that
joyful OCCASION"
The spirit of democracy. [volume] (Woodsfield, Ohio) 1844-1994, 1848-07-15
From the Washington Union.
The Ratified Treaty.

We congratulate our countrymen,
upon the administration having receiv-
ed this important document. 1t gives
US peace with Mexico--an honorable,
and we dare to hope, from the impress
sion we have made upon her. a perma-
nent peace. Santa Anna will no lon
ger boast OF "gaihering Iaurels on the
banks of the Sabine" Mexico will
abandon her Dragging and arrogant
temper, avoid all future collisions with
thesUnited States, cultivate cordial
peace with US. and reform her own in
stitn,ions the more willingly in conse-
quence of the energetic example we
have set her, and the moral force which
our character exhibits.
The treaty reached Washington on
the Fourth Of July and added another
event to signalize that glorious day.
1t was brought in the southern boat by
DIR. Rayburn, who left Mexico with
General Butler and staff, Commissioner
Sewer, &c. They passed Gen. Pat
terson five leagues beyond Vera Cruz
on the 92d. The city was compara-
lively healthy-,he transportation was
abundant--and our gallant troops were
rapidly arriving on our own shores.
Col. Sewer had left New Orleans
for New York, via Louisville, on the
evening of the 26,h June. We regret
to hear that he is much indisposed.-
He was anxious to deliver the copy OF
the ratified treaty with his own hands,
into those of the Executive; but as he
could not travel as fast as he desired, he
commissioned DIR. Ravburn TO bring
the precious document to Washington.
The packet containing it was deliver
ed to the President on Tuesday, soon
after he had returned from the scene Of
laying the cornerstone of Washing
toms Monument.
The spirit of democracy. [volume] (Woodsfield, Ohio) 1844-1994, 1848-07-15
From Belize, Honduras.
YUcATAN INDIANS 4 THE BRITISH

x
The New Orleans Picayunc has re-
ceived a file OF the Observer and Ga
zette, from Belize, to the l4th inst., by
the schooner Dream.
A correspondent Of the Picayune, at
the Belize, under date Of June l6, says:
The Indians in Yucatan are still
plotting the destruction OF the whites,
and at Bacalar, 10y way Of keeping
their hands in practice,) they occasion-
ally kill each other. learn from a num-
ber OF gentlemen who have recently
returned from there, that they are near
ly all drunk a portion Of the time; that
they quarrel, fight and kill each other
on The most trivial occasions; that their
conduct is most beastly, and disgrace.
full in the extreme. Nearly the entire
trading part of our Inhabitants have
been up among them, and have bought
for mere song, all Of the property lefl
by the flying Spaniards; and for this
property they supply the Indians with
powder, shot, guns and rum. This is
not done by the government Of Belize
but, as it is known TO the aulhoritie.
here, and they do not try to stop oil
prevent it, it is not more than fair tc
say that they encourage it! am o.
the opinion that the Indians have as
surances that they will be protected ane
taken care Of by the British Govern
meni, Ia la musquito fashion,) and also
opine that the assurance has been given
in hopes ofgaining a larger foo thold and
more territory on This continent. Thai
passage Of the Presidents message.
where he refers to European influence
on this continent, has been very freely
commented upon and roughly bundled
by the Government party and at the
Government House. His Excellency
says this is very strong and presump-
tuous language.
A small sloop boat, about twenty
five by fifteen feet, pompously called
"his Mosquito Majesty's sIoop Of war;
Sun, manned by Englishmen, paid us a
visit short time since. The comman-
der was very much displeased with
your correspondents description Of his
"King."
The spirit of democracy. [volume] (Woodsfield, Ohio) 1844-1994, 1848-07-15
Gen. CaSS at Detroit.

The Detroit Free Press says:-The
peoples candidate for the Chief Magis-
tracy of the Union, LEWIS CAss, reach
ed this city yesterday morning about 9
o'clock, in the Steamer Hendrick Hud.
son. The probable time of his arrival
was transmitted by telegraph late on
Thursday evening, yet his fellow citi-
zens assembled in crowds on the public
wharf at the foot of Woodward Aven.
ue at an early hour yesterday morning,
and the multitude kept increasing until
the boat arrived. Meanwhile detach-
ment from the Frontier Guards, with
two field pieces, were firing federal
salute, and when the boat touched the
wharf, cheer after cheer, and shout af-
ter shout arose 10 welcome the ilustri.
Gus statesman to his home. At the
landing the General was met and coldi.
ally greeted by his Excellency, Cover
nor Ransom, Hon. Senator Fitzgerald,
his Honor Lieut.. Governor Fenton, the
heads of Departments of State, Adju-
tant General, &C., who escorted Gen.
Cass and suit to carriage in waiting,
when a procession was formed, which
escorted our distinguished citizen to his
residence. The streets through which
the procession passed were lined with
people, and at the windows appeared
the fair ladies of our city, all eager to
welcome home again their illustrious
friend and neighbor. Leaving the Cen
eral surrounded by his Iamily, the pro-
cession misunderstanding the distin-
guished guests who accompanied the
General from our sister city, TO their
lodgings, at the National Hotel.
The spirit of democracy. [volume] (Woodsfield, Ohio) 1844-1994, 1848-07-15
In Favor Of a New Constitution.
REFORMS ADVOCATED BY THE OHIO
q- DEMOCRACY. SRI

FlRsr-The State Legislature not 10
NEE! oltener than once in two years
unless called together for extraordinary
purposes by proclamation Of the Gov
ernOr.
SEcoND--No State debt to be crea-
ted until the amount and object there
Of be approved by a direct vote Of the
people. q Nfit as'''si1
THIRD. Judges and Clerk Of the
court, members of The Board Of Public
Works, and all other State and county
officers 10 be elected by the people.
FoURTB.--The burdens Of taxation
to be equally distributed, and no dis.
tinction 10 be made in favor of those
who hold stock in Banks or other mon
eyed corporations. Il,
FlFrH.-A thorough reform in the
Judiciary, so that remedies al law may
be simpli6ed, and the obscurity, delay
and uncertainty Of legal proceedings
materially lessened. q & 'se -
SIxTH.-No corporation with Bank.
ing powers to be hereafter created,
without having been previously submit.
ted to and authorized by vote Of the
people. sa9lli9ag itilaf e ssf's
SEvENrH.-AIl legislation Of strict.
ly local or private character to be ia.
Zen from the State Legislature and re-
ferred under carefully established rules
to a county tribunal provided for that
purpose. .--Ohio Patriot.
The spirit of democracy. [volume] (Woodsfield, Ohio) 1844-1994, 1848-07-15
Important from South America.

Inc New I Y0rk Sun mas received
the annexed important and interesting
letter from its correspondent at Rlo.-
1t shows that the people Of the Argen
tine and Banda Oriental, are approach.
ing glorious termination of their strug.
gle for liberty and Independence, main.
tanned during three years Of priya;icn
and suffering, against the French, Eng.
llsh and Brazilian monarchical alliance
Rio JANEIRo, May 20, l84s.
We have glorious news from Mon.
tevideo and Buenos Ayres. News oi
the French revolution having been re.
ceived, the negotiation between the
English and French Ministers and Gen
erals Rosas and Oribe, was closed
The French fleet, which by its tyran'
nical blockade had destroyed the com
merce Of Buenos Ayres, was expected
to Immediately withdraw, taking with
them a portion of the monarchicaI lead
ers of Montevideo. General Oribe will
be recognized as constitutional Presi
dent Of the Banda Oriental. The right
Of General Rosas, as executive Of the
Argentine Union, to aid Oribe in re.
gaining his constitutional power, hav-
ing been recognized by the English
Minister, will of course be concurred
in by this (the Braz'Ian) government
and the New French Republic. Peace
is about being restored to the Republics
of the Plata. The ministry, at this
moment, is highly unpopular. 1t is ve-
ry probable thai they will be removed
in short time.
The latest advices from Montevideo
received at Rio, according to the Sun,
confirmed the views of It's correspon-
dent. That paper translates the fol.
lowing from Spanish circular:
"The astounding revolution in France
has caused cessation Of hoslililies in
these waters. General Oribe is recog.
nized as President of the Republic, and
the different contending forces are pre-
pairing 10 withdraw, the French squad
ron returning to Europe. We daily
expect TO hear Di the raising Of the
blockade of Buenos Ayres."
The Spanish squadron in the La Plata,
has been ordered to return to Europe.
The financial situation Of Montevideo
has improved somewhat. On The l4th
Of May, the French agents resolved to
take charge Of the support Of the fami.
lies Of the foreign legions, which will
considerably the expenses OF
the government for these legions.