Arkansas intelligencer., 1848-12-16
From the y. o. Bulletin.
Late from The Gold RngiNn.


Orleans. 22d ut. from Jamaica. brought as pas
senger. Lieut.. LoESER. bearer of dispatches from
Governor MasON. to the Department at Washing
ton. Lieut.. Loeser ictl Monterey, on the Pacific
on the lst of September, and, came by the way Of
Panama and jamaica. lie confirms the glowing
reports of The rich gold mines which have been
discovered III that region, ond says that the Cover
Eor has agreed to take gold ore in payment of du-
ties. proclamation has been issued stationing
the troops in the gold region, to prevent persons
from seeking for the metal. unless those leaving
San frarclsco and other ports should make provi-
stons for the supper; Of their families during their
absence.
4 perfect maa.iq, has seized all the inhabitants.
Farms have been deserted, and the s.aulGg crops
ett un Latherei. The prices Of all the neccssp-
r'cs Of lie We're extremely high. Flour was worth
so and pork 8 100 per bb
Tho army has been Increased 300 men in Ore
Gon, and The Indians were driven back. Tn Y
wished to make peace. hut the whites would not
consent, except Inc muG-iarers Of DR.. WHrG3IAN
were Delivered up. which was refused, as many
Indians were already killed, which was sufficient
satisfaction.
Lieut.. LoGsER. we understand, oaves to-day en-
9Ols'e for Washington.
The following from the Californian of the l4h
August, contains somc Interesting particulars roa-
tive to the gold region
THE GOLD NINE.-A few months 20 we were
cas and the commercial qualities Of California rs
boIng the source of her greatest wealth, and al
though they are not inferior any portions OF the
world the soil Constitutes but small part of her
woat5, all interests having boen absorbed in the
working Of the mines.
The present number Of The Californian is ia
tended for circulation aborod vol rs at home,
and will by giving minute and general view of
the aIi-abSorbiug topic, the gold mine, be found
useful to persons send 10 their distant friends
Ine IntormrtIpu Which we snail give has been "a
thgreI from actual observation. and from persons
who have been engaged al the mines. aud from
The most authentic sources, Il Is desirable tbal
the facts be correctly known through the United
States.
Some time since. in tie spring. Messrs. Mar
shall ~ Bennett, m opening ditch for tail-raco
for 4 saw-mlIl which had been buiit on the Ame-
rican FORK OF the Sacramento. found sOms gold
which the current bad collected in the bottom of
the race, which after being examined was found
10 be very Pnre. IL soon began to attract utten-
lcn.Ion, and some persons disco, cred the gold in
the river below, aud for some distance above. in
large quantities. much 50 that persons who on
Iy gave credit to third O.. that WAS said about
II left their homes and went to work IN the mines
It was The work Of bat "a few weeks 10 bring ;,I-
most the entire population Of tho Territory logcth-
cr TO pick up the precious metal. The result has
been that in less than four months a total royulu-
OF Alta California. Then The capital was in the
hands Of a few individuals engaged in trade and
speculation, now labor has got the upper hand of
capital, ana the luboriuL men hold the great mass
OF the wealth Of the county--ihe gold.
There are now about four thousand white per-
sons. besides number Of Indians, engaged AT the
mines aud, from the fact that no api,ui is requir-
ed they working IN companies on eqI.Jl shares
or alone with their 5rshCt. In one part OF the
mine, called the - dry GiGgjuS," no other Imple-
meui Is necessary than ordinary shcaIh-knif.
TO pick the gold from tho rocks. In other parts
where the gold Is washed ont she cAiuery Is We
ry smp'e, being an ordu,ry trough made Of pIani,
round on the bottom, "bout ten fee; long and Two
feet wIte at the top win riddle or soiyo ut one
end to catch the larger gravel, ami three or four
small bars across tine bottom. about half an inch
nigh, to keep tho gold from guiuE out wiih the dirt
ana water at the lower end. ThiS machine Is set
upon rockers, which gives hoIr rotary motion to
the water and dirt inside. Bat the largest number
use nothing bat largo iiu ppn or au Indian bas-
Nci, INTO which they place the dirt aud shake il an
H the gold gets 70 I'D" bottom and the dirt is car
rI-i over the s-a in lae shape OF muiIy water
1t Is necessary lu sD.Ia cases 10 have cro,g bar
plcH and shoFoI. bgt a great deal Is taken up with
large horne, shaped sPoyn-lasA,oa al Inc large
end.
tro-I tho fact that no capital is necessary fur
canP.I'tlon in labor wg..ruI the Influence OF cup.
''t', men VINO we're HuIt 70 procure ono month 3
provisions, hrvo now thousands Oh dollars OF lne
precious metal. The IaHor,ng class have now be-
come the capitalists OF the country.
As to the richness of the mine. were we TO So,
down half the truth. il would be looked upon in
other countries Siub1d" " story, or tho hIsto-
ry Of " Alladn's lamp" which required that lis
PoasesSor should but wish and his wishes should
be accomplished. Many persons have collected
IN one day Of tho finest grade Of gold, from three
TO eight hundred dollars, and for many DAYS to-
gether averaged from S75 to $50. Although
this IS not universal, yet the general average is
so well settled that when man with his pan or
basket does not easily gather thirty to forty dol
lars IN day he moves 10 another place. 50 that Ia
KING the general average. including the time spent
IN moving from place to place and looking for bet
Ter digglnS, we are of the opinion that we may
safely set down an onnco Of pure gold. or SIG
per day to the man. Suppose there are four lhol-
snnd persons at work. they will add 20 the aggr,-
gate wealth of the Territory about four thousand
ounces, or 100000 dav.
ho value of the gold, like all things else is re-
gulaed by the demand. Four months ago. -four
was sole in the market for four dollars per hun.
dred, now sixteen beef cattle SIX, now thirty
ready made clohng, grocers' and other cooIs
have not risen IN the sumo proportion, but are al