The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1848-07-21

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trcs tel I'm the Constitution a. property. They
m.ss property by the local law.
The Supreme Courts of the United States have dc-i-
d. q at unoerths power 10 regulate among
the aer Congress conld interfere with the slave
,rsd b.t~een The States Aud with hos much gr ar
Vp ETY. aud force Of argument could such power be
susts ned than the power establish slavery In
ry. In the latter there is nothing from which the
po~e' be applied white the former Is admitted to
inc ude all commercial dealing among the States. And
wa pom the ground that in the constitution slaves
ated persons aud not property that they
we're b, not To come within the commercial power.
II Conri ess, under any implied power may institute
sia cry in aterrtory Of the United States, much
stronger grounds may they exercise the al
over The transfer and sale OF slaves among the
States.
In the territory OF Louisiana and Florida Congress
recogDses and TO limited extent regulated slavery.
But before remarked slavery existed in those terri
torei at the time they cecod the United States
and. H. the treaty OF c. sion of louisiana the United
sta es bound tn, melves To protect the proper OF the
citiz' M slaves in that territory considered as
properly and within the treaty. And il is sngu-
lar hat thi ct in the Missouri controversy not
b,lievc reli upon by the South IL was the strong
est position at could not have been taken on that
y de Of the qu.stion.
If free err CRY be admitted and Congress have not
pow tnins itute sa' within it, ihe territory must
In free uni the people shall form State govern
mel tten the qu son may arse, in the exercise of
tb ign power neither slavery shall be admitted
Can the Prcsicent and Senate by treaty establish
slavery in the Lew territory Such power is not
found in The contribution nor in The laws of nations
On the 25th February, 1890, North Carolina coded to
the Union territory which the State of
Tenn ssee which was accepted by of Congress on
tie % of AIrl ensuing In the act of cession among
oil er provisions vas stipulated that regul
mace TO be made by Congress shall tend TO ma n
clip te slaves;' and, on the 10th May, 1890, by he
. Of Copgreff, the ordinance of 1857 with certain
eeptn in the of cessiou was adopted for the
sovernp ent OF the territory of the I'm ted south
Of the Yer Ohion
United States Louisiana, within which slavery ex-
listed NJ der the French and Spanish governments
Elonfa ., which subsequently an n. xed was also
slave tate Texas was slave State
Hsly part vi Mexican territory shall be annexed,
as slavery is not sanctioned in Mexico it must come
ihto the Union as free terriory and the important
question arises whether Congress have power make
10 slave territory
No question is better settled in this country than
that slavery exists in State by virtue of the local law;
that IL power over tho subject is exclusively vested
In he State; and that Congress, except the
saI ture Of Slaves, can exercise power over it.
From the N Y Commercial Advert July 20
And This brings US TO the radical defect Of the system
the bill far regards Oregon ptio nable
at for any thing yet know but those in relation
10 New Mexico and California If not expressly design
ed to insure the introduction slavery without re-
gard TO the will The wish of the nha btants at least
make no provision whatever for consulting that will.
and certainly give the President, slayehoder power
to make ats introduction all but certain The laws for
these territories are to be framed by Governor and
JuuR's. We may be sure that these Judges and this
q vernon appointed by the President will be slave
holders or in the interest of Shareholders it is very
easy tofee, there that they will enact laws Great.
Ing the institution Of slavery human beings
porrty--in effect notwithstanding the nominal pro-
hilton to lrgisate upon the subject That is they
ftn coming into the territory with their propertyn
W rom dealing with it as property; and the same
invo Dg the question directly indirectly in favor
q the PROF erty' holder The advocates Of slavery
extension can desire nothing Well may the
Union hail The bill rainbow - full of promise TO
the sls sholdng interest
1t may be said that appeal lies from the decisions
O. The territorial courts TO the Supreme Court of the
United States But of what value will that appeal be
on tuch question! Who will be at the vast trouble
and expense OF making it! And if it is made how easy
viii it not be to procrastnate the decision for years
While IN the meantime Shareholders still pouring in
With tLeir"' property and gaining such q prcpond
ance # numbers and pow insure a final enact
eat OF slavery laws when the time for the de-
81 Of that question by the inhabitants
ieo?le OF the free States this cop omise is no COM
IT nifc at all 1t is total surrender Of your rights
your interests. and your convictions.
FIR N the New York Eveins rost July POI
THE coNrRosIsE PROPOSED rnE SENATE.
The tei.,t committee tf the Senate. to whom was
referred the question OF territorial government,
seem to have considered 1t one of urgency.
No hesitation in the opinion of the slave interest is
TO be allowed in the steps taken to dispose Of the
troveny and If possible to prove further agitation
The public attention is turned to slavery mu It
lie diverted at once or it will forever put stop the
case APP eai that in less than the committee
ave acted upon of the most couprehr nsy inpor-
liant and vital questions that has before Congress
Ter years. They even held their sessions on Sunday
Renaissance that the public sentme mt generally dis
,nntenapces except +" in revolutionary times
u II North have an import Tut measure to be pro-
tables OF the same Senatorial body. Blu. when the
slave interest has point to carry all is life hustle
In that body Nights and Sundays not even given
to rest until the three hundred thousand
are g'atifed Such was the with the annexation
OF Texas How vas with Oregon the twin sister of
Texas How is it with the Branch Mint in New
York. How1s it with the subject of cheap postage?
II moment lavery utttrs its behests eyery ear is
open to hear; when other interests plead for atten
ton they must wait till the Senate is perfectly at
leisi re.
Tie plan Of a compromise nropose5 nv a con,. |
muee, ofwhich MIR. Calhoun is member and adopte
WIN his consent does rot materially differ, far
from the plan according 10 which that gentleman has
frequently expressed his desire that the should
ts etuea With regard to the territory of Oregon,
In " cst!on Is given up.
But III regard to the provinces of New Mexico and
Saht rnia is intended that they shall be market
for slaves snd here rdpgly is made here
Me scruples OF the sayehoders respecting the consti-
tuition revived in all their force The BILL there
fore, does not sanction the present laws those pro-
vnces, among which is prohibiting personal
slavery. 1t provides what somebody calls the lowest
and We may add, is the worst iorm of territorial 60
vernment, consisting Of governor, judges and
secretary, who are to make the laws but who ex-
pr.sly forb ddep to make any law respecting slavery
and 1t directs that all questions respecting the rights
Of property TO be eroye by persons removing the
territory which is gentee circumlocution for the
power Of master over the person of his slave
be decided by the United States courts with the right
OF sTpeal from the territorial courts to the Supreme
Court.
his. ifthe bill becomes a law amounts to a renup-
citation Of all authority on the part of Congress to egs
late on the question Of slavery II first takes the ques-
tion out Of the hands of the territorial government
ind next takes IL out of the hands Of Congress A
govern'r and Judges appointed by the President. him.
self prhals a slaveboidtr or their instrument, and
who ill therefore be likely TO take the from slave
holding States, to 1rsme the laws Territorial
judges appointed by the authority, are TO admit
mister them.
Under these circumstances, both In making and as.
miDiserDg the laws the greatest facilities may be ex
pect 10 be given to the slave transpanting
the peculiar institution Of the South 10 The new re-
gion Though there is power given egislate d.
ieely on tie subject OF slavery indirect advantages
may be given in thousand ways to the slave holder
The territorial judges, if taken from the South, WILL
Of eUurfe decide in favor of the slave holder IL
appeal should be taken from their decision 70 the Su
pr me Court Of the United States, that tribunal is
filled with SO members from the south that there
10 no ceItsDy that It's decisions would be in favor of
freedom. Talk as We may of the impartiality of our
courts judge from the Southern States allied to the
arstcersey OF those States, would share their preu-
dices AVID decide according TO their views
4 his conn romise j.. therefore ingenious method