The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1848-11-19
The Civil War I'm Austria.

| The origin of the Austrian and Prussian monar-
| ches was the fact OF their districts being con-
| sldered the outposts of the German empire. The
| Marquis of Brandenburg and the Duke of Austria
were mobiles appointed to military command, on
the frontier, against Scavons, Huns, and Czecks.
Gradually absorbing the military power of the en-
pre-, they became lis chiefs and thus the princi-
| pal seats OF German power and dominion were
| transferred from the centre of Germany and the
Germans to remote capitals, the population around
which were Scavonlc.
Prussia or Austria righting themselves, after
having struck upon the shoalof revolution. Prus-
fla Is embarrassed by the Polish race Of its west
ern province; Austria, by the Scavonic hordes,
mode could have been invented SO likely to render
such elements of discord uncomfortable as the in
PRODUCTION of universal suffrage. 1t has made OF
Austria perfect chaos. W.
l. Seine good has, indeed, arlsen great good. The
national assemblies, composed In great measure
Gpeasants, have, at least, emanclpated peasants,
abolished forced labor tenure atwill, feuda rents
game laws, seignoral courts. But. having done
this, the Sclavonian peasant is satisfied. He cares
not tor civic rights, or Jury law, of liberty of the
press, or any of those refined Institutions. He
has made his farm comfortable, and he wants to
go home to the farm, and leave politics to the
emperor or his ministers. The citizen and the
German, on the contrary, seek the development of
their civil rights, the completion OF charter free
dom OF all Blnds-of press, OF p rson, OF buying
and selling, of coming and going. Thus It Is that
classes. and races differ, and the old governments
and military chiefs are seeking to take advantage
Of 1t.
The King of Prussia, to do him justice, has pur-
sued moderate and honorable course. He has
not excited Pole against Prussian, nor fattered
tie Sclavonianlsm OF the Siesian In order to make
him cut the throat of his TeutonIc brother, the
Westphallan. Now, this Is precisely what the
court and the statesmen OF Austria have done.
They have treated the different subject races like
SO many puppets, employing one to beat the other
They have made the Hungarian crush the Italian,
the German lombard the Geek. They then stirred
the Croat against the Hungarian, and suborned the
Geek to rise against the German. 1t has been
their aim to foster International hate, and they
have sedulously sown an immense crop of civil
war, IN order to CLEAN out of 1t some portion of the
old lost sovereign authority Instead of being
pastor to his subjects, the emperor acts verita-
bic wolf worrying and tearing them to pieces.
The tact OF the Austrian court having pad and
rians,, has been fully proved BY intercepted and
published correspondence. Indeed, the untortu.
nate Latour confessed IT. and, at the same time,
the same Court sent the Archduke Stephen to pre-
tend to command the Hungarlans against Jel-
lachlch, of course, merely to betray them. No
wonder that the Hungarians dlstrusted Count
Lamberg, sent to take the command, and COM
pete the treachery; and that they were impe!ed to
Kossuth seems to have acted with wonderful
energy. This man, an advocate and journal
lst, alone refused to despair of Hungarian free
leagues, who began the revolution with HIM, one
by one deserted it--when even Deak, his col
leage OF the middle class, shrunk back from his
side, and proposed to bow to the Sclave--Kossuth
alone refused, and marched with the armed null
ntude OF Hungarians to battle: They defeated the
Croats, drove Jellachic round the Pater.see and
took numerous EAustrians captive, the most emil
nent OF whom, being convicted traitors, were
hanged. And the Hungarans have thus reco-
vered their old and wonted performances. =.
,, Vienna at the same time responded to the cry OF
Kossuth. There, too, the Germans were me-
naced by the SclavOnians in the assembly, as the
Magyars were threatened IN the teld Sympathy
united the two races, simultaneously threatened
by Sclavonism and the court and the people rose
to prevent regiments being sent against the Hun
garians. This popular demonstration, mere
burst of feeling, ended in an lnsurrectlOn, which
ministers had not the sagaclty to prevent nor the
tact or courage to resist. Vienna then fell into
the power OF the students, the mob, and the Ger
man members OF the assembly, the Sclavonlans
having Withdrawn.
The more recent events, the march OF
Kossuth, the withdrawal Of Auersperg and
JeLachlch, are known. Austria is divided
into two camps, the emperor and all the Scla-
woman soldiers and regiments in the one, the
German and the Magyars OF the valley of the
Danube In the other: The peasantry have risen
in the Landsturm, and, instead of their old loyal
ty, show their adherence of the Croats and their
cause. In such state of things sanguinary tri.
umph would be almost as fatal to the imperial
house as defeat. For the army Is fast dividing.
The Croats and Hungarian soldiers in Milan can
scarcely be Kept from coming to blows, and the
late csnqueroIs OF Lombardy threaten to make i
field for battle amongst themselves Amidst all
this the Archduke John is said to have interven-
ed, as the chief Of the central government of
Germany, to mediate between the popular party
and the court-between hesSclayonian and the
German. Let us hope that he will succeed, and
prevent the terrible slaughter, the cruel action and
reaction, OF the alternate fortunes OF civil war.