Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1848-07-11

'''.' o' me views, the soundness of the advice.
and The gratifying picture of our national con-.
ol''o1' 50 plainly, yet SO strongly and IucidN
presented oy the Message |, spikes number
u feuefa' guns which have been yainIy aimed
az The ADMINISTRATION Where is the nirbtv
weight OF debt (half million per day. accord.
ing to Webster, or one hundred and ,wsn,v -.
one hundre1and fifty, so vOlubly descan,ed uDon
by !Hhis politicians and presses which was -
crush down ips energies of our people, destroy
American Credit, .p!s bring lamen,ation and ruin
upon the Dud' Burn 10 the Message. and il
will be seveha. the whole debt GncIudinp the
seventeen millions before Mr. Polk came into
onlce,) lsa little oyer sIxty-fve miIl;ons-and
mat wilha proper economy and sound Icgi,l,-
ton. whJcfsthe Presiden, most justly and wise
" recommends, The debt can be easily paid of
rom the accruing revenue, without any increase
oil taxation on the people, Before il shall become
due. And this is to be done loo win,
affecting the principles Of our present escsllsnt
Tariff for revenue.
Fhe -hc'e country WIN endorse me Presitem.
hIsh compliment 10 our citizen soldiers AMI he
suggestion 81 reduction OF The army 10 q neacc
establishment 10 language as clear and elsoan,
as IS patriotic, The Presden, touches felca,elv
TIE important! questions growing out OF the ar.
QUESTION Of new and valuable Me1itan'lerrj,o.
ries, and ioreshadows the spiri, OF comnrom;ss
which framed the Constitution, and which Is nov,
invoked 10 preserve that Constitution inviolata
ana guarantee lis blessings 10 the whole Union
In few months The President will Law down
me responsibilities and powers OF his office. and
Ie.fe 10 quiet HE. and We cannot doub: thar his
waning voice OF peace, wisdom and patriotism
will be listened 10 and needed, upon a oue,t;on
SO profoundly interesting, and al line presen, cri.
SIS, one OF The most Interesting periods in our b;..
tory.
But we have no room for farther notice OF ,hs,.
interesting papers, which will be eagerly read
By The whole country, AMI which will furnish 10
our friends Toe sltonges, weapons Of defenc.
against tbe numerous misIep.o sensations of their
opponents. The Wings have tia!ed upon ,he
"ard deserts" and worthless wastes whirh We
have CHAINED b. The treaty. and Tor which they
say, We have paid al enormous sum- Some val.
liable information is published in the New York
Evening Post, in extracts OF work on Calitor
MIA, by Edwin Bryant, who accompanied Ere.
mont IN his adventures, and is acquainted with
The country. de thus describes an immense and
most fertile tract OF country in the new acouisi.
lion-the very reverse of an "arid DESERT"
"The Sacramento and San JOAQUIN rivers
frs flowing from The North and the las, from The
South, and bo'h emptying into the Bay OF San
! Francisco al The same point. They water the
large and icrile valley lying between The Sierra
Nevada and the coast range Of mountains |
subJoin description # The valley and San Jca-
! quiz, from The pen Il gentleman DR.. March)
who has explored the rlYcf from It's source 10 lis
| mouth.
"1his nob!c valley IS the frs, undoubtedly 10
| California and oac Of The most magnificent in hc
rorld. # is abou 500 miles long, with an ave.
rage width OF about so miles |! is bounded on
the East BY The great Snowy Mountains, and on
the West by the low range, which in many
! places dwincles into insignificant hills, and has
its Northern terminus a, the strait o, Carquines,
on the Bay Of San Francisco, and It's Southern
near the Colorado river
1.-THE river 0! San Joaquin flows through the
middle Of he valley Tor about hall Of lis extent,
and thence DIVORCES towards the Eastern muun.
tain, in which II has lis source. About sixty
miles further Souh is tie Northern end Of The
Buena VISA Lake, which is about a hundred
miles long, and from Ten 10 wenty wide. Sill
further South, and near The Wts'ern side OF The
valley, is another and much smaller lake.
"rhe great lake receives about q dozen ribu.
| ,aries on It's eastern size, which all ri.e ia The
great range OF The Snowy Mountains. Some Of
these streams f w through broad aud fertile val.
lies within The mountains range, and from inence
emerging, TTigale Inc plains ul the great valley
flr the distance OF twenty or thirty miles Tho
largest OF these rivers is called by the Spanish
inhabitants he River Reyes, ard falls into the
lake near lis northern enc; il is a we'll tinDerei
stream, and q ,ws through country OF great Ter
tili,Y and beauty TIE tributaries OF The San
Joaquin arc all Oh The east side.
ION ascending he stream We first meet with the
Stanislaus a clear, rapid mountain stream, some
tory or fifty yards vide, with considers Bile
depth OF water in lis lower portion. The Nor
mans hlve commenced a settlement, called New
| Hope, and built some two or three houses near
The mouth.
"Tnere are considerable bodies of fertile land
along The liver, and The higher plains atiordjgood
! pasurage.
Ten miles higher up is the river Of the TIA.
walomes; il is about The size OF the Sianislaus,
which il greatly resembles, except that he soil is
somewhat better, and that particularly abounds
with salmon.
"Some thirty miles farther comes in MERGED
much the largest of the tributaries Of The San
Joaquin. The lands along and between the tr-
butaries Of the San Joaquin and the lake OF
Bucna Vista, form fine pastoral region, with q
good proportion of arabic land and very in
yiting field for emigration. The whole Of this
region has been but mperiectly explored.
enough however, is known TO make il certain
that 1t is one of the most desirable regions on
the continent.
In the valleys Of the rivers which come
down from the great Snowy Mountains, are vast
bodies Of pine and red wood, or cedar timber,
and the streams afford water power TO any des.
rabe amount.
1.-The whole country east of the San Joaquin
and the water communication which connects
il with the lakes, is considered, BY the best
judges, 10 be particularly adapted TO the culture
of the vine, which must necessarily become one
Of the principal agricultural resources Of Cali.
fornla.'
The productiveness of this region, and the
slight and rude agriculture which alone is neces
sary to call forth its harvests, are manifest
from the facts stated in the following passages:
The soil OF that portion Of California, be-
tween The Sierra Nevada and the Pacific, will
compare, in poin, Of fertility, with any that
! have seen elsewhere. As have already des-
| crbed such portions Of il as hare come under my
observation, il is unnecessary Tor me here 10
descend to particulars. Wheat, barley and 9th.
cr small grains, with hemp flax, and tobacco.
can be produced in all the valleys, without irri-
CATION. To produce maize. potatoes, and other
garden vegetables, irrigation is necessary. Oara
and mustard grow spontaneously, with such
4
soil. have forccI my way through thousands
Of acres oi these, higher than nv head when
mounted On horse. The oats grow 10 the SUM-
mits OF he hills, bat they are not here so tell and
ranx as 10 the valleys.
"The varieties oil grasses are greater than on
| he Allanlic side OF inc continent, ani far more
nutritious nave seen seven different kinds ci
clover, several Of them in dry state, deposiliog
seed upon the ground SO abuniani as 10 cover
| il, which j, Tapped up BY The canls and horses
and other animals, es coin or oa!s, When ihresh-
| ed, would be with us. All the grasses and they
cover The entire country, are heavily seeded, and
when ripe, are as tai,eniag 10 our stock as the
grai,s which We feed TO our beef, horses and
| hogs. Hence il is unnecessary to the sus,enance
or fauenng OF STOCK, 10 raise cora Tor ihei, con.
sumption.
agriculture is in lis rude,t state. The farm.
ing imp ement, which have been used BY tho
Californians, with few exceptions, are the same
as were used three hundred years ago, when
Mexico was conquered ty Cortez. A descrip.