Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1848-12-14
THURSDAY, DECEMBER IA, 1913.

anu Navigation are enlarged and extended, exports
oil agricultural products and of manufactures will be in
creased and in the new markets thus opened they
cannot fail to command reTunerating and profitable
prices.
The acquisition of California and New Mexico, the
settlement Of the Oregon boundary, and the annexation
OF Texas extending to the Rio Grande, are results
which, combined Of greater consequence, and will
add more to the strength and wealth of the nation, than
any which have preceded them since the adoption ofthc
constitution.
But to effect these great results not only California
but New Mexico must be brought under the control of
regularly organized governments. The existing condi.
ton of California, and that of that part Of New Mexico
lying west OF the Rio Grande, and without the limits Of
Texas mperlousy demand that congress should ut its
present session, organize territorial governments over
them.
Upon The exchange of ratifcations of the treaty of
peace with Mexico The thirteth Of May last, the
temporary governments which had been established
New MeXc0 and California by our military and naval
commpnders by virtue OF the rights of war, ceased to
derive any obligatory force from that of aulhor
~ and having been coded to the United States, all
government and control over them under the authority
OF Mexico had ceased TO exist. Impressed with the me-
cessty of establishing territorial governments over
them recommend the subject to the favorable consid
Grafton Of Congress inmy message communicating the
fathed treaty OF peace on the sixth of July last, and
invoked their action at that session Congress ad oun-
ell without making any provision for their government.
The inhabitants, by the transfer OF their country, had
become entitled the benefits OF laws and constjn-
ton, and left without any regularly organized
government Since that time, the very limited power
possessed by the Executive has been exercised to pre-
and protect them from the inevitable consequences
ola state ofanarchy, The only government which re-
NAMED was that established by the military authority
during tile Regarding this TO be de faco govern
ment, and that by the presumed consent Of the nhab
ants It might be continued temporarily, they adj
ysed to conform and submit it for the short interview
ing period before congress would again assemble and
could legi5ale on he suoject The views entertained
by the Executive this point contained in a
munCaon of the Secretary Of State, dated the seventh
of October last which forwarded for publication TO
California and New Mavioo, copy OF which hhere-
with trn"smiued.
The small military force of the regular army which
serving within the limits Of the acquired territories
the close of the war, retained in them and addi-
tiona forces have been ordered there for the protection
of the inhabitants, and to preserve and secure the rights
and interests of the United States.
No has been could be collected the ports
in California, because Congress failed to authorize the
establishment of custom-hoIses, the appointment of
officers for that purpose
The Secretary of the Treasury, by circular letter
addressed collectors of the customs, on the seventh
day Of Octobe! last, copy of which is herewith
mted, exercised all the power with which he in
vested by law.
In pursuance of the act of the fourteenth of August
last, extending the benefit of our post office laws to the
people of California, the Postmaster General has APP
pointed two agents, who have proceeded, the one to
California, and the other to Oregon, with authority to
make the necessary arrangements for carrying its pro.
visions into effect.
The monthly line of mail steamers from Pana-
ma to Astoria has been required to "stop and de-
liver and take mails at San Diego Montery and
San Francisco" These mail steamers, connect
ed by the isthmus of Panama with the line of
mail steamers on the Atlantic between New
York and Chagres will establish regular mail
communication with California.
II J,,t,r
practical delay, for New Mexico and California,
regularly organized territorial governments. The
causes of the failure to do this at the last session
of Congress are well known, and deeply to be
regretted. With the opening prospects of in
creasng prosperity and national greatness which
the acquisition Of these rich and extensive terri
torial possessions affords, how irrational it would
be to forego or reject these advantages, by the
agitation of a domestic question which is so CO.
eval with the existence Of our government ITSELF
and to endanger by internal strifes, geographical
DIVISIONS. and heated contests for political pow
er, or Tor any other cause, the harmony OF this
glorious Union of our confederated States; that
Union which binds us together as one people,
and which for sixty years has been our shield
and protection against every danger In the
eyes of the world and of posterity how trivial
and insignificant will be our internal divisions
and struggles compared with the preservation of
Cii9 UNIV. 81 lllo III "'1 I' "liu Itt
all us co9n.ess DRESSINGS! To p1'IoI Mouiu 10
iiohC anu TA0iVo G %,,u euo Joio
N'ohs No iot w.. ~ o GaL Woulu
Future generations would look in amazement
upon the follies of such course. Other nations
a. I Ploaot 10y "oV oe ioom "PoI. :. III 10
",u aU'i " 'lG'1 10 " ''l,-
ar anu Pc @ r' o t
tion and Jolinbt boranso i, # tbo, vii 500 10
oIon,onts If Sct;,, vbicb tbo,, bona r,,,st IN;
matclv evertnrn orr system Onrs is the qreat
exam3le Of prosperous and free self governed
rpnnbI,c commanding tbn admiration and mia
tidn If all the lovers Of freedom throngbont tho
world How solemn. therefore is the drtv how
;nnressivo tho cali mnon nc and mon all rarts Of
the country 70 cultivate natriotic shirt Of har
monv. of Good fellowship. Of comnronise and mn.
tual concession in the administration Of the in.
coIonornbIn svstom If government formed by, o,r
f,fLfrs in tbe midst Of almost insnnerabIe AK.
cnlt;os and transmitted ~ rs With tho ;ninnn
tion that we sbonld eniov its BLESSINGS and hand
i down unimnoired to those who NAV come of.
forms
Inview of III, high and RESPONSIBLE dutios
which we owe 70 onrsevcs and To mankind
trnst Won NAV he oblo at vour nresent session 70
onnrooch tho adjustment of the onIv do,noS.;o
oprston which Seriously threatens or nrobabIv
ever can threaten TO disturb the harmony ond
snccnesfnl onnrotion of our svstom
Tbp immensplv valuable nnssnss;on of No,r