Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1848-12-29

his Creator Tor the acquisition OF knom'eu asaI,b
| These laws also whilst diminishing .he oh
Of nations, produce discord between .nen ns,rv
nv high Tariffs proclailning war upon 'he '"n' NIL,
OF ali Others. Under free trace edcn ne nil, ON.
1T hv ,be labor OF every other; each WI en-
noy lis industry in those pursuhs lor VIM" ~.
be-; adapred and The surplus OF each De mus "a
changed with the Other by reciprocal eoa
n,srce beneficial 10 all parties. The true ihuus-
I;.l interests Of nations are Identical, and 10 eA
chano;no with each other The products mos
cbeapy produced by each, labor eVe,y WIZ I
hsne6is labor. man his brother man, ana nauons
e.ch other and their only anIagonism is in.lo-
dnced nv human legislation. The doctrine OF Tree
,raae is he petition Of labor to employ nsen
~ where in those pursuits best aoapleu W n".a,
10 every country, and yielding therefore W e"In
The largest produces and highes wages. II ioon'
w. nsI IN righls nd united in interest and des-
inv Richly understood, there is perfect uni'y o,
;n,s,es between man and man, and nation ana
nai,on. and br,we en- capital and labor.
We see the ben, Fl ol reciprocal Tree 'raue
smnnp aJl Ihp Sales ii This Union; although theii
Wages, produces and fabrics are as various a.
,hns4 III senarate nations, YET all The States mo Il
n be their rue interest 10 admit freely Inc pro-
The henr6ts OF this unrestricted reciprocal COM
merce constitute The great bond oil inlelesl, COT
sranIly augmenring, which keeps losether Inc Vd
rions ratIs. but il The protective doctrine be rue
= ,u,,nId he The real interest of each and OF all
,hsss STATES 10 impose duties upon similar pro-
dnc,s in others for the protection OF The people OF
.,ch State. Yet clear as is this proof ol lhe De-
nr6,s IT reciprocal free trade between The States
al This Union, the principle, as question OF po
| iuIcaI economy, is The same EXTENDED 10 oshel
STA ,es moi uoiied with us under The same govern
meor The difference in their political inslitu-
lions cannot affect The great principles OF COM
merce. The local laws Of Ohio and LOUISIANA
| OF Mississippi aud Massachusetts, are more va
! ricnr in some res poets Than those OF many oiher
States beyond the limits OF the Union NOW
whilst We ac knowledge The benefits OF reciprocal
Tree trade between these four States thus differing
| IN their local institutions, wages and prodnc's,
me protecioulsls deny thai Il would De beneflclal
! 10 esahIish reciprocal Unrestricted commerce
| wuh other States beyond our limits. YET va
rient forms OF government Cal make no difference
a. ~ Inc ,ecnrora al benefits OF commerce. III Tree
trade he beneficial among all republican States, u
| miphI al least, b. extended 10 Them, although
munaIchies were excluded; but none will main
| rain that nations should restrict their commerce
with each other, because they differ IN their form
of government. Although governments may oil.
| Ter we are one race throughout Inc giooe Tue
toipg millions who inha Bit ii have one interest,
| and as question of political economy, the bene-
6ts Of tree trade must be The same whether
extended 10 States within or beyond The limits oil
| me same government; and each Stale, though Sc
narrated hereafter by some catastrophe from every
o,her Safe, would be alike still >benehtied oy re-
| cirrocal Tree Trade among the whole; for their
| commercial interests would MOI change with the
| >epaIatioB tfGm The cuniederaCy.
Congress representing the several states ~
this Union must perceive how injurious would b.
ne effect u a lanh' ny any one upon us own IN
eresl, and maj Of all the Staes. Now, Trade IS
MT geoera phica or policai, and !! Congress IT
delegates from all nations were assembled, they
| wuuld soon perceive that commerce was unit
ha ii was moi local, bot international-an that
iar,f. hy one or more nations on The products OF
Others were Just as injurious 10 each and 10 all
nations AS would be a tariff in one SAFE upon
The productions OF all The other States OF the
Union. II then, IN such Congress Of all ma
lions, reassembng from lime 10 time, their seve-
raj tariffs discussed, and their Injurious ell
feels upon each and every other nation demon
slrated, The Whole protective system throughout
the world would TALL before The light Of such an
investigation. Wherever The laws OF nature are
beyond The reach Of man, there is perfect order
under The direction OF Almighty ower-buI,
whenever man can disturb these laws, dlscord
and injury are sure 10 ensue
The earth, thc sun, and countless syse ms, wheel
iog through universal spec, move onward IN
perfect order and beauty ; bui even the ha mnny
~ lhe spheres would be dsl bed, II he legislation
al man could interfere and arrest The laws OF ma.
lure The natural laws which control trade be-
tween nations, and regulate the relation between
capilal aud profits on one hand and wages and la
Dor on the other are perfect and Harmonious, and
binh eff a fh arp
always Injurious The laws of political economy
are fixed and certain. Let them alone is all that is
required OF man; lei all int, natl nal exchanges
OF products move as freely in their orbits as the
hea venly bodies in their spheres, and their order
and harmony will be as perfect, and their results
as beneficial, as is every movement under The laws
OF nature, when undisturbed by the errors and in
reference OF man.
If labor is dear here. and low abroad, in tho
exchange of products we GET more OF theirs Tor
a smaller amount Of ours, and gain Nv the ex-
change. The cheapness of foreign labor - an
argument in favor al exchange with them.
Thus, If we concede, as tn linens, that Europe
from clean labor could afford TO sell two yards
fur what one would cost here, il would be cur
interest 10 purchase from them at The reduced
price But according 10 The protective theory,
The cheaper the foreign labor, and he lower the
them by higher rates Of duty. In the absence
of duties, we will exchange our surplus products
for their cheaper fabrics, and our labor being
applied TO the production of articles thus e1-
changed abroad, wages will be enhanced here
by obtaining more extended markets for our
products, and getting for them greater quantl-
iy,of useful articles at lower prices.
In the absence of Tariffs, the division Of labor
would be according 10 the laws VI nature in
each nation, and the surplus of each would thus
be exchanged among the whole, each employing
| its labor only in the most productive pursuits,
and, therefore, the aggregate profits would be
| largest. II labor were so low IN any foreign
country that they could furnish US goods al al
most nominal prices, aud these cheap articles
were such as wanted here, It would DC to our
interest 10 purchase them IN exchange for our
products, and the cheaper the foreign articles
the greater would be our gam in tie exchange.
| Ii Is a strange objection 10 the purchase oil 10.
reign articles that The price is too low.
| The argument that we must encourage our m
| lant manufactures was always lallacious; 1of
| Iney would encourage themselves As soon as The
| country was adaprd 10 Them. Bui are they
| now infant manufactured We have called
them so Tor sixty years, and will they ever cease
| To be infant manuta lures until weaned from le-
| Srlal1Ve pTUiectlDhf On Inc UISt VI rtuIudil
next the markets Of Great Britain will be open
o our breaos'ufls, AL nominal duies. Snail We
enlarge The markets for our Produces by sellin.
mem 10 Grral Britain in the only way in which
she can purchase Them for series OF years-by
taking in exchange such Of her abrics she
| can sell 10 us al Cheaper rates Ihah we can make
| them} To Inc farmer or planter this Is Just a
! question whether he shall have Two markets or
me, or whether he shall sell more al higher
price, or less al lower price. II u be our lnte-
rest TO smut on British fabrics, il would be heirs
10 renew their carn-iaws, and exclude cur bread
stuffs from thel! markets.
II is SAID that Other nations will moi lake our
products N exchange for their fabrics; bur, with
reciprocal tree irade, they musiakc them, by the
universal rue tlai he purchaser will buy The
cheapest articles without iaquring whether they
were maze at home or abroad To force our in
duslry by protective dues into less protective
pursuits, by iorbiiding these exchanges is 10 in.
crease the amount Of labor and diminish lis pro-