Boon's Lick times. [volume] (Fayette, Mo.) 1840-1848, 1848-07-29

WIN view 10 encourage The early set
Element of the most distant possessions, !
recommend that liberal grants of the public
lands be secured TO all our citizens. who
nave se'!led, or may in limited period sci.
tie, within their limits.
In execution of the provisions of the
treaty, orders have been issued 10 our mill.
tary and naval forces to evacua,e withou,
delay the Mexican provinces. cities, towns
and fortified places. in our military occupa.
| iinn. and which are not embraced in the
territory ceded TO the United States. The
army is already on its way to the United
States. That portion Of il. as well regulars
as volunteers, who engaged to serve during
the war with Mexico, will he discharged as
soon as they can be transported or marched
TO convenient points in the vicinity ofiher
homes. A part If the regular army will
be employed in New Mexico and Upper
California, to afford protection to the in.
habi'ants and 10 guard our interests in these
territories.
The old army, as it existed before the
commencement Of the war with Mexico.
especially if authority be given to fill up the
rank and file Of the several corps TO the
maximum number authorized during the
war. it is believed, will be sufficient force
to be retained in service during period Of
peace. A few additional officers in the line
and staff of the army have been authorized
and these, it is believed, will be necessary
in the peace establishment, and should be re.
tanned in the service. The number of The
general officers may be reduced, as vacan.
ces occur, by the casualties of the service,
to what it was before the war.
While the people Of nj her countries xpho
live under forms of government less free
than our own, have been for ages oppressed
by taxation 10 support large standing armies
!, IN periods OF peace, cur experience has
shown that such establishments are un-
necessary in republic. Our standing army
is to be found in the bosom Of society. 1t
is composed Of free citizens, who are ever
ready TO take up arms in the service of their
country when an emergency requires it
Our experience in the war jus, closed fully
may be raised upon a weeks notice, and
that our citizen soldiers are equal TO any
troops in the world. No reason, therefore,
is perceived why we should enlarge our
land forces, and thereby suhjec, the Treas.
ury to an annual increased charge. Sound
policy requires that we should avoid the
creation of large standing army in q
period of peace. No public exigency re-.
quires it. Such armies are not only expen.
slve and unnecessary, but may become
dangerous to liberty.
Besides making the necessary legislative
, provisions for the execution of the treaty,
and The establishment of territorial govern.
menls in the coded country, we have upon
the restoration of peace other important du.
, lies 10 perform. Among these | regard
none as more important than the adoption
. of proper measures for the speedily exlin.
J., gulshment Of the national debt Ii is against
! sound policy and the genius of our inslilu,
tons, that public debt should be permit.
ted to exist single day longer than the
means of the Treasury will enable the gov.
eminent TO pay it off. We should adhere
to the wise policy laid down by President
|, Washington, of "avoiding the accumulation
of debt, not only by stunning occasions OF
expense. but by vigorous excrtions in time
Of peace to discharge the debts which IN.
avodable wars have occasioned, not ungen.
/. erously throwing upon posterI!y the burlhen
which we ourselves ought to bear"
At the commencement of The present ad-
minis,ra,ion, the public debt amounted to
Sl7,7ss,799 60. 10 consequence of the
war with Mexico il has necessarily been in.
creased, and now amounts to S65,77S,45
Al, including the Stock and Treasury notes
which may yet be issued under the act of
January %. ls47, and the sixteen million
loan recently negotiated under the act of
March 81, lS4s.
In addition 10 the amount Of the debt. the
treaty stipuates that twelve millions of dol
lars shall be paid to Mexico in four equal
annual inst ailments of three millions each,
the first Of which will fall due on the 30lh
day Of May. ls49. The treaty also stipu,
lates that the United States shall assume
and pay" to our own citizens, 1.-The claims
already lquidaied and decided against the
Mexican republic" and "all claims mol
heretofore decided against the Mexican
government" "to an amount not exceeding
three and one quarter millions Of dollars
The "liquidaled' claims of citizens of the
United States agains, Mexico, as decided
by The Join, board Of Commits sioners under
the convention between the United State.
and Mexico of the llih Of April. 1889
amounted to S2O26.l39 IS. This sum wa.
pay able in twenty equal annual instalmen,s
Three of them have been paid TO The claim
ants by the Mexican Government, and two
by the United States, leaving to he paid OF
: the principal of the "liquidated" amount
5 assumed by the United States, the sum o.
$l,5l9604 rs, together with the inieres
thereon. These several amounts of liqui
? dated" and unliquidated claims assumed by
the United States, i, is believed may be pail
n f,lt IS al