Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1848-11-30
AGRICUL TURAL.
From the Southern Pldntsr.
DEEP TILLAGE. SC.

After thorough draining, deep illage and always hav.
ing grow ng crop the land, Of inesrrna
bic importance. i his subject hardly be too much
talked Of and studied Ivy practical farmers Deep tilaqe
what IS II! How does it enrich the surface soil and
nugment the annual crops Of the husbandman? 1t ena-
aofS the sphere, with lis natural moisture its oxy
gen, carbonc acid and mnnia-wih all the gaseous
clemens OF plants and animals which die and deconpnso
on the gronnd-lo penetrate deep the EARTH losened
and mellowed asst should be by sub-so ploughng-
Porous loan clay, mould, mari and sand and gray
ely earhs, have the power condense both the vapors
and pure gasses contained in the air TO absorb and fix
them IN the soil, where they perform most important
chemca functions IN the laboratory of nature In the
first place, desire the reader bear in mind that the
gases which pervade the are the elements of
wheat cord, clover, and sh for which God has given
10 the earth strong natural affinity. Hence, ifa dad
pig be buriedln soil foot deep, you get smell from
the same which Is not the if the lie and ro,
IN the ground shallow soil with the hard pan close
10 the surface. Will absorb small dose Of these ferznu
constituents OF dead plants and animals. No how
richly laden shower may be with the elements Of a
crop, poorly poughed shallow titled piece of ground
absorb and hold very little of The much needed mos
ture and other food Of starving grain
Durirg he heat Of summer when the farmer makes
MS crop, an immense quantity of insensble moisture
fyaporates rem the surface of the EARTH and especially
from the leaves of The trees and smaller vegetables
tight vessel that will catch and hold all the rain that ia lis
during the SIX wamest months in the year. sandino ont
fairly to The weather. will be dry more than half Of tn.
time IN ordinary Evaporatin greatly exceeds
the fall OF ram during the time when cultivated plants
are grown. This excess of evaporation causes springs
10 dry up and creeks and rivers small in the sum
iner and autumn. As tight jng will prevent water
from running IN as well running out so compact
.npervluus sub soil will prevent the ascent of moisture
IN dry weather supply the roots of plants with their
ulHpenslbe water, well obSuct the descent of wa
leT when In excess on the fields.
Nothing palmer than the fact that when the rains
M sDrIu and fa1l ,ba.
earth with moisture for many feet in Depth the wafer
that descends the ground solution all the SO
liable organic and Inorganic elements of plants down so
tar as II runs Dissolve an ounce of salt in gallon of
wafer and wherever the pemeates the salt goes
with It, You must evaporate the water to separate the
salt.
Providence has made the sub soil and the earth below
1t vast reservoir OF water, less mpregnaed
with those things that combine in cultivated pans-in
human food-o form ultimately the ZONES, trans flesh
and blood Of man and of inferior animals Then break
The undercrustS that the moisture below with its salts
OF lime, It's dissolved bDnes potash soda maonesia
chlorine sul phur phosphorus, iron, cabn and nitrogen
may come 10 the thirsty Of your plants and fully
noursh the same. deep titled soil imbbes more solar
neat IN summer than shallow Ploughed Being
warmer, chemical changes rapid-more food
Is prepared Tor your crops In given time.
After corn is planted, or the seeds Of wheat barley
rye and Gals are covered there advantage in rolling
the ground to compress the earth the seeds and
cheek me 100 RAPID evaporation at The surface Of the titled
land We have studied this matter of solar evaporation
with care, IN more States than one
To enrich farm, by accommodating thereon the mate
1ias tor making cheap bread, milk, meat and clothing
every acre forest, meadow. pasture and plough land
should have during much of the time as is practical
bic. large burden OF grouing vegetation 10 organize
and hX IN tangible shape all the constituents of crops
as they eXst IN the moving air. and in The surface
and sub-s1il.
1t NOT fixed, they will be lost to the favmer Air and
water are never stagnat and still and in the earth
Of healthy neghborhood. So soon as one crop is off
another should ben, 10 collect and save the dissulvng
mould me salt OF lime. potash &c in the suil to ex
tract fertizlng minerals from the sub SOIL and gases
from the atmosphere II these auxiliary crops are not
needed iar nay or pasture. soipg, or 10 sell ia
'narHei, plough them in and more Seed still further
70 enrich your land. Nege able vitality constantly ad-
ding weight and substance the total Of organized
matter on Your plantations is the great and mysterious
power which God has provided for industrious and rea-
s'nng man to work with. and supply his increasing
"umbers with abundance Of food and clothing Veue-
table HE to De useful in the highest degree TO our race,
must De active in the highest degree-not dormant rnust
OF ihe year and only half developed when cultivated
pants are pretending to grow.-Gen. Farmer.