Weekly national intelligencer., 1848-10-14
ID r A U q II L.

"THE rLorGH, LOOM, ANVIL"
The and other Of draugh have been
especially in Ireland, applied within few years with much
effect than formerly The description of horse
which, twenty years ago, pulled six hundred weight
with difficulty in tha, country, draw fifteen hundred
weight without any violent c1eron. The great improvement
which has taken place the level and formation Of roads has
mainly contributed to this advancement in the application Of
animal labor and petty general knowledge among
Of the palmer principles Of traction
Much difference of opinion PREVAILS however, among scion
tfc upon mechanical points affecting the principles Of
daugh especially where wheeled carriages for high
velocity concerned In England great prejudice prevails
in favor Of wagons of ponerous size requiring of four
five. six, and eight horses In Scotland, where economy
consulted, and in Ireland, where Of capital pre-
majority Of farmers from employing any descp
ton Of cart which is not cheap simple, and m for every turn
Of work, the onehorse light twowheeled is almost uni
yesay used The seveay urged by the advocates
Of the four and two-wheced vehicles as follows;
The voers Of the wagons Of various kinds much in
the southern parts Of England maintain that the horses by
working in team steadily together though they may draw
Lesser loads in this combined way last longer than il working
singy under wheeled CARTS which often press ntoeraby
upon their backs and shake them extremely roads
"They insist also that chose in the are, from their
varying Efforts tired and the is consequently
greater in wagons which they occasionally
other that the whole load being above the axeree in
the throws so much weight the horse in descend
ing hlly roads, endanger his safety while equally inn
pedes his exertions IN the and that while the
horse is compelled TO his strength any
sudden obstacle the power team is in similar only
applied to one half Of the load which, the wagon rests
equally both pair Of wheels thus supposng to be
loaded upon cart aHd that short rut the road be
surmounied the WHOLE being upon axle be dragged
but, the weight upon wagon Il be-
ing divided upon the two sxes drawn out at two separate
pulls the first Of which clears the fore wheels before the hinder
all in"
| The advocates for carts contend
"Ihat there but few articles except long timber which
be conveyed carriage with two wheels equally
well upon with four that sDglehorse easier
loaded and unloade handler for almost every purpose and
that or eight may be driven by man. with the
Of boy that they are also less destructive TO the roads
than wagons especially in hy roads, where the wheels Of
the latter require TO be locked that they in pro-
portion than either wagons carts drawn by
horses, and consequently more economical" -
On heavy roads iu Of ut very long journeys, and with
full loads wagons probably most advantageous bot in
ordinary cases. and especially where quick
qured in general farwork besides being expensive and
load in themselves they occasion great waste Of draught
power The that the horse to his lead the better
consequently the English mode, frequently pactised, Of
yokng IRON three 10 five herscs TO plough or wagon, in
ne after another, the worst possible. In proportion
the distance which animals OF drsught removed from
their load is the loss Of power Is bard, then, TO under
stand upon what prncipcsthey certainly not mcchsni
caths extravagant waste Of labor is systematically per-
mued We are safe in asserting that three horses (ppos-
ing in both be Of similar strength and FORM
with Scotch carts which partly drawn aud partly borne on
the would pull asheay load afour horses wou atsched
in line to wagon The loss Of in foor has
been sscerned the coees in Durham, when the horses
were probably yoked in the favorable Of
ilcoach horses The expeimcntis thus stated
twohorse cart carried SO bushels, weighing 2o cwt.
A three horse as 80
A four-horse wagon " ~ 90
Whereas now one-borse carries ~ bushels weigh
ing i9I cwt and travels twenysx miles in twelve hour
The same principle applies in degree to the case Of
two horses harnessed tandem Scotch cart here is some
loss Of power the two horses abreast would do and
with perfect equality Of labor which does not hold in the
other case for in descending bill The whole weight rests
upon the back Of the horse, while the other Is totally
sred or IL the driver, through stupidity drunkenness
allows the leader to pull tendency Of his drausht Is to
II
British Iusbandry o. i6O, British Husbandry p, 160