The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1848-05-17

o. tSisx 81. xsiy Wlssss Ssspsss4 q a. 'wss!d
stance asR II had occurred but ysstsrday Mr. Rush
communicated to US the decision Of Mr. Canning late
In the year The information sent round to every
member Of the Cabinet The Cabinet met-they had
elaboration full and long elaboration and the re-
suit was, the Anal declaration which | have just an
nounced. But all this has now passed away That
very movement Of the English government gave blow
to the Holy Alliance from which 1t never recovered
and finally the late revolution in Europe has over
has all gone away Now, sir by what ingenuity, by
what sophstry of srgumen this declaration be APP
piled to this of Yucatan.
2 The intervention of European powers in the al
fairs Of the nations Of this continent could
not be admitted by the United States, because such in
terventon would be against US This was the
second declaration of Mr. Monroe The same reasoning
will apply this declaration to the other because 1t
was made under the same events, and at the same
time IL was intended for the Spanish republics which
having just struggled through their independence
as yet in the weakness Of infancy Hence this specific
declaration Now. sir, this question does not come
within the application of this second declaration.
Has any foreign power nterfered in the affairs Of Yu
catan to Cypress it. to its sovereignty, in
any way to endanger her existing government Ne,
sir. But it may be said, that If they have not such
nterpositon meditated by European powers and by
this term European powers, it is clear that both the
England, and England alone-that is the power ind-
Gated Well, then has England shown any disposition
to interfere apprehended or to change the govern
ment Of Yucatan from a republic to a monarchy, or q
province Of monarchy! There is no proof of it. Mr.
Sierra insnuates IT, but his letters also disprove
it. And ! think here. sir, the true reason why
the English have not furnished arms to the peo-
pie Of Yucatan is, that they contraband of war
There is no prooftha England has moved a military
force into Yucatan though 1t is boldly charged by the
Chairman on Foreign Relations. The President says
if do not grant supplies England may and that she
may ultimately take the sovereignty of the country
He goes no further But If this So will it
within the declarations Of Mr.. Monroe Not at
all. Suppose she shall give the aid and assistance,
and take sovereignty offered does the case come within
usurpation but with the assent of the govern
ment. We may object, but it does not come in con-
fct with the declarations of foreign nonntcrventon
g. But the President fears that Yucatan may become
a colony Of an European power This point refers to
the third part of Mr.. Monroes declaration which is
that the United States can allow no republic on this
continent to be colonized by any European power.
The Of Yucatan does not come under
this branch of the principles laid down. | will
attempt to show that it does not The term colOnzing
has a specific meaning. which cannot be contemplated
in this instance. Let give the history of this de-
claration Of MIR. Monroe don't believe it ever
made the subject of cabinet consultation. At that
time there question pending between the United
States and Great Britain the side, and Russia
the other The object Of Great Britain to keep
Russia the Pacific coast far to the north pos
be. and she applied TO for cooperation The pro-
position In the message the other referred
IL was in reference 10 the Russian possessions
the north west coast that this declaration made
II had especial reference to that subject because the
other portions If the continent excepting Maracabo
and other Gnulportant points had passed into inde
pendent hands and therefore, beyond the legit
mate reach Of European colonization in the
Of this doctrine The declaration does not there
fore apply for the assumption of sovereignty
over Fucatau would not be colonization but a sove-
regnty people already there. II Great Britain
should accept it, does that make it colony! No it
il n province possession, but not colony. The
statement of the Chairman Foreign Relations Of
conversation with Mr. Adams. on which the latter de
clarcd that these declarations Of nonntervention had
all originated with himself and unknown TO the
cabinet till he disclosed them. must be a mistake
mistake between MIR. Adams and the honorable Chair
Nha ata1 Grst
Mr.. Canning TO Mir. Rush and by him transmitted to
Mr. Monroe All the papers passed round to the mem
bers Of the cabinet before they met He referred to
isolated part of the declaration against European
lonization on this continent. Mr.. Adams may have
given the exact statement. for the declaration
broader than the fact intended to be met. It
prcciptate, and not marked apprehend. by pro-
per Caution for there manifest improperly in
it. In the second branch of the declaration acted
with England and II was to US question of great
magnitude. We relied upon her protection against
the Holy Alliance We were then but governme mt
Of some six or seven millions, and with few Of the IA
cilites Of roads, and the means Of ntercommunica-
ton and defence that we now have. The subsequent
branch Of the general declaration theu, against Eu-
ropean colonization this continent was calculated
offend England and did offend her; and she did not
join with in the settlement Of the Russian question
Had this branch Of the subject come before Mr. Mon
roes cabinet he would have given it another form for
he was wise and cautious man This ia my belief
and the statement Of the by the last surviving
member of Mr.. Monroe's cabinet.
Mr.. CALHOUN having thus given the history of the
declaration of non-interventon, by Mr. Monroe, pro-
cecded to argue that branch Of that declaration
authorized the ressta against foreign
suggested in the Presidents message in refere to
Yucatan The Presiden Mt makes it duty to resist
all occasions and to resist to the utmost He tells
in this very message that this thing is not to be
permitted and in conformity with his mistaken inter-
prctations of the principle Of Mr. Monroe, he
mends in this the policy of resistance, and Of
sistance by arms, even to the utmost extremity.
BOTH PARTIES CHANGED.
Mr. CALHOUN pleaded that such construction was
authorized by the declaration of Mr. Monroe There
v,ntn tVafo In WhiC had ham vvtaA ont
More than that the declaration itself three years after
it made was disavowed by the republican party in
the debate upon the Panama question, in Congress.
and by the present chief magistrate himself 1t
a republican doctrine. There has been entire
revolution by both parties upon this principle and
hence it is that who have stood STILL and maintain
the ground find myself with the opposition
side Why, sir, fyou carry out this doctrine. you ne
yer will have peace-the temple Of Janus will always
be open
THE CASE OF CUBA
Under this new doctrine. whenever there Is inter-
nal war on this continent and the weaker party asks
assistance shall be bound to do for fear Of
foreign intervention. There is such idea intended
in the declaration. This idea goes far beyond and
dangerously too 1t will keep us always Mt war But
there cases in which should have to 60 to
Do Senators ask for one? There is then the of
Cuba So long Cuba Is in the hands of Spain there
into more formidable hands Not because Of own
ambition but for the safety Of these States and for the
| freedom Of our commerce.
TEXAS ENGLAND.
| Mr. CALHOUN argued that the designs of Great Bri-
| tain upon Texas left other alternative than
annexation, but England could have designs upon
Yucatan itwas barren country, destitute of streams
had commercial advantages. and though 1t COM
manded the straits between 1t and Cuba, and that
inlet into the Gulf from the Caribbean Sea, owing to
the current of the Gulf Stream it outlet and
therefore Of little value compared with the pass be-
tween Cuba and Florida, which inlet and an
outlet. Yucatan add nothing to the naval power
Of England There are no ports along the peninsula
not Of any considerable depth Great Britain has
power with her navy in case of war to prevent single
vessel passing those straits.
NAVY OF ENGLAND
Mr. CALHOUN entered into description of the stu
alton of the West India islands in the Gulf show
that Great Britain with the island of Jamaica its good
harbors and her large navy and from her position ut
the Balze and the windward islands, long as she
maintains her supremacy on the could lock up
the Gulf in a state of without either the posses
sion of Yucatan Cuba; but while there is peace
there is no danger
This interpositon may cost us too much. in men
and in money. To what extremity it may lead we
have data to tell. The population Of Yucatan ID