The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1848-05-08
Hamburg was occupied by Danish troops. %
Charleston Mercury, Nays.



The Berlin papers of the 9th contain the follow
ing paragraph:-' During the siege of sSantern the
Crcasslans made an unexpected sally at night and
cut oil one third of the Russian army, including
iiree generals and 100 officers. Schlmyl fought
like a lion"
Poland.
ne BTeaduer Zeunng contains also news from
warsaw up to the lst inst The Emperor has made
numerous and important concessions to the Jewish
inhabitants OF the kingdom of Poland, hoping there
by to detach them from the national cause
Switzerland.
A decree was issued on April 6, by the president
and executive council OF the Federal Directors
whereby they prohibit in the cantons the formation
OF any armed organized corps. BY a circular
they also convoke the Diet for April H.
Italy.
We learn that the basis on which the federative
organization of Italy is proposed to be constituted
the soverelgns who now cooperate with the King
OF Sardinia, when the present war shall be brought
TO a conclusion, Is rs tollows:--
The peninsula will be divided into six great
States-l, Naples 2, Sicily; 3, Pontiica States 4,
the kingdom OF EIrura, comprrehendng the present
Grand Duchy OF Tuscany and some of the smaller
duchies % the Lombardo- Venetian States; 6, Sar-
DINA. The population of these States will be as
follows: Naples, 800 900; Sicily, ,05O, 900 Pom
ilical States, 3,oO0,OOO Etruria, .33SO,0OO Lom-
bardo- Venetian, 1900 600; Sardinia, 400, 900
A line of fortresses will defend these States upon
the Alps, upon the Plain, and on the Apprentices
Diet will be held at Rome, under the .presiden-
cy of the Pope for the solution of great federal aues
scented by the same number of deputies.
An Amglo-RepubIicnn View Of the European
Revolutions.
From the London Telegraph, April 12J {
The agitation that peryades Europe does no
spring solely from desire OF political change.
Let us not deceive ourselves. The cause lies
deeper. In England as IN France, in France as in
Germany, IN Germany as IN every other country
where political CONFUSION has aroused the masses,
a sentiment burns in the popular mind, which
seeks change OF government merely a means
to an end. 1t is folly in the bureaucrats, and in
those who pretend to be the instructors and leaders
OF the people, to imagine that simple desire of
innovation has led to the great moral upheaving of
which we are the daily witnesses It is not from
any hatred to monarchy. as monarchy, from any
dislike of abstract aristocracy, from any love of
change for the sake of change or from any desruc-
tlveness alleged to be natural to the people, that
the political excitement OF our day has taken its
torn, and communicated Its pressure upon us.
The revolution Of 1913 is strictly ond emiAenty
SOCIAL repontion: Let our public men be warned.
1t Is no longer safe for them to deny, to qualify or
to palter with this mighty fact.
The people OF Europe, and an increasing num-
Der of the people of England, dislike monarches
and arlstocracies and support democracy, for the
great reason, paramount with those who suffer,
that under these ancient governments of the few.
the many have become degraded and miserable
They have been morally stgmatIzed as unfit to
rule themselves. They have been physically de-
/ pressed They have been weighed down, pressed
down, sunk down. They do not eat bread like
their fathers. Although they may have no desire
| to divide the rich mans Injuries they have very
strong. very natural and an hourly increasing
desire to share with the rest of Gods creatures
the necessares OF existence. The bureaucracy,
after having fixed burdens upon their backs from
which nothing but revolution can release them
have driven them into slough of despond-to
sink or MOTTO live or to die-as chance may de-
termine. Hence the idea which pervades the mass
es In all countries, that democracy may lift them
from the mire, and give them, in addition to the
great right of thinking and speaking, the still more
essential right of living and eating The hungry
belly is the most furious and invincble of demo-
Gratis. Let not our government and aristocracy
and our well-fed members of the upper strata of
the middle classes, forget in their pride Of victory
this weighty truth. The 'polltical history of hun
GER would form the key to all the revolutions
fthe world, past, present. and to come; and he who
would write that great book ought to be written
would derive from the present uneasy and alarming
state OF Great Britain, some most pregnant illusra-
tons of the danger of trling with the stomachs of
the people, and OF fostering system by which the
wealth of few individuals is greatly augmented,
while the numbers and the poverty OF the poor are.
augmented in still more rapid ratio. No doubt
the problem to be solved is one OF excessive diff
Guilty; but, difficult, or the reverse, we must not
wonder If those who suffer should be somewhat
camorous for solution, even although our politi-
cal, SOCIAL. and moral knowledge may not enable
us to discover it. The tory Morning Chronicle, in
its impression of Monday, states that it has re-
ligion which teaches it that the end of mans being,
and the completion OF his happiness, are not to be
looked for in this world "a fact which may be
quite true in the in which comfortable man
would have the people believe 1t ; but which is not
at all incompatible with the truth, that if one man
be happy in this world in so far food, clothes.
and shelter can contribute to his happiness, two
men can be happy-and If two, then two thousand;
if two thousand, two millions, if two millions,
then all mankind. Perfect happiness no man
aspres to but Christianity is not a religion
of toryism and excusiveness but of peace, equali-
ty, liberty, and fraternity. 1t Is democratic faith.
The Chronicle may affect to believe that the men
who anxious to make this earth somewhat more
haas, than Of. ,,o u.A
the exclusiveness of arstocras have made it, have
no hope of any future heaven but it has yet to learn
the fact, that the great social revolution OF our time
is essentially religious and Christian revolution.
IL will not do for the uphoders of the present sys-
tenn to raise the cry of atheism aga inst those who
have more exalted ideas than they have of the des-
tiny OF man In this world Ihe cry Is worn out;
and those against whom it is directed will treat it,
not with anger and scOrn but with and pity.
Those who, with the Morning. Chronicle, consi-
der that their conceptions are fulhlledtheir In.
stlncs satisfied, II earth is made place where good
men may win heaven must open their minds
some day or other to the truth that "good men"
cannot be found In hungry men who offer their
willing hands to work, and find to employ
feed them. 1t is the problem of our day to trans
form these men, who are unfortunately the mass OF
the laborng classes, into the good and well-fed
men, who shall have the serenity of mind necessa
ry to enable them to cultivate their moral nature
and to fit themselves for heaven.
This serenity never can exist In the minds OF
those who are suffering from hunger, and who see
their wives ana cniluren plnlnS 1000 IN world
of plenty BY the system of rendering men mise
rable, we not only deprive them OF the compare
tive heaven that this world might be made, if men
loved each otiser; but we brutalize the heart of
millions, sink them into degradation and vice. and
unfit them for that superlatlve heaven, which is
not held out to us as the compensation for misery,
but as the reward of well doing. Were heaven
the compensation for misery and starvation, what
would become of crowned, and mitrcd, and coro-
netted heads! What would become of even this
complacent and comfortable writer in the Chroni-
cci But the doctrine zealously inculcated 10
teach conentment to the poor and the humble, IN
order that the rich may have more than tar
share of the blessings of this world, will not In fu-
ture receive such implicit credence from the masses
of mankind as has hitherto been gwen to It, The
ncvy xyill II. E,mphatlcaliy