The examiner. [volume] (Louisville, Ky.) 1847-1849, 1848-07-22

4 VI snAs conunents IN all that c0ncsr y
$500 . morals. civilization. prosperity,
nIssn' ana Prodnetiveness. would DO me-
likely to be promoted by peooliag n xith m,
race from which We are sprung. or with ~. ~
seenoans OF the EthioP and the Caffrs. Thar
may Do portions Of the southern Sta,s. An xhI-,,
the climate and objects Of cultivation r,a.I,-
me labor OF blacks. pass by al considsr,i,,,,.
| OF this character, for an obvious r.a.o, 7,
there are portions Of this Union which c., 49,.
be cultivated By the African race, thsx ar, am,
oraced within the territorial boundaris. az ar
gained States, over whose domestic condIt,a.
ana relations the federal government has no
GohuoL Inc question concerns only taem, and
1 foroear TO touch IT, But admitting tn 49,
sity Of slave labor there, the admi..iea furai.h-
es no argumentin favor Of the extension an An.
African race 10 territories in which no such n.-
cessity exists $500 -
Inc Character Of the population, by which
TINS comment 10 10 be occupied. II a An bs>ct AZ
vital Importance TO every section Of the u aion-
1 ne strength Of the whole 10 Concerned ri
with lis strength lis security from external a.
grossson and intestine disorder and yIolsne. .
! ne nearer the great body Of oar people shos.
ara nj. - ~ no N. ne sasss-spPreseh the sane
the more likely We shall be 20 maintain int.rn.l
tranquility in peace. and bring to the common
support IN war the united strength Of all.
A degraded class Is always, and must be bv
iofee OF immutabie laws. an element Of insecur-
ity anu weakness l will not say that the north
Is a. much interested in this question a. IN.
south. But We have a very deep interest In h.
hanuntted slaves come to Us in Considerable
NUMBERS Ihey viii continue 10 do so in spite
Oh any ANNOUNCEMENTS We may oppose, and
without the AID Of compulsory legislation on the
part Of the States in which they are manumilted.
IN -
highest degree undesirable. They add nothing
to our strength, moral or physical; and as We
MI up Their tendency is 10 exclude whites 10
the extent that theycOntribuie to supply the de
mand for labor. II the Il fty thOasand free blacks
IN New ork were 20 be Withdrawn, their place.
would be hlled by an equal supply Of white Ia
bOrers- Our strength and our prosperity vOuld
be DroPOrtiOnably increased BY substitatiny
white citizens for class labOrine under ciyil
disqualiheatiOns, and excluded, by the force of
opinion, from all share in the concerns Of gov
eminent We desire and need independent, not
dependent classes We have than. deem in
terest in this question, first as a member Of ths
common Union, and next as a community In
some respect independent and sovereign. In
both relations il concerns our permanent vel
tare, and We can never consent or contribute
by an act, BY inaction, by aeqaiescence, express
or imPiied-tO the extension Of slavery TO re-
gions in which it does not now exist.
Ii is generally conceded that there IS nothing
IN the climate or productions Of Oregon, which
requires the labor Of blacks II this be so, slav
cry, if introduced, would gradually give way in
the competition with free labor NOtwithstand-
ing this Inherent tendency in slavery 10 wear
itself out ia districts 70 which il IS not ndisDen-
SADLY necessary, it will be profitable for time
in new countries where there are lands 10 b
brought under cultivation, and where there 70
an urgent demand for labor. But for a tempo
rary PurPOse-with the assurance that il must
eventually be eradicateG-wOuld IL not be un-
Just and unwise, considering the question in lis
political bearing alone, to decline to exalt IL,
aud to make the prohibition absolutei
Gentlemen have said this is not a practical
slaves will never be taken to
Oregon With all Difference to their opinions,
differ with them totally. believe, Il permit
ted, slaves would be earned there and that slav-
cry would continue at least as long as in Mary
land or Virginia. The Pacific coast is totally
different in temperature from the Atlantic. Il
Is far milder. Lines Of equal temperature
isOthermsl lines, as they are technically denOm-
inated-traverse the surface Of the earth in
curves Of varied eecentricity in reference to the
parallels Of latitude The curves are nowhere,
perhaps, greater than on this continent. In the
latitude of Nova Scotia, which is bound for near
ly half the year in letters of ice. snow on the
Pacific does not lie mere than three OF four
weeks In the valley Of the Willamette, above
the 45th degree Of north latitude-the parallel
Of MOntreal-I.rass grows the whole winter and
cattle are rarely if ever housed. Green peas are
eaten at Oregoa city, in the same parallel, al
Christmas. Where is the corresponding eli
mate to be found on this side Of the continsntf
Where We st--near the 39th3 No, sir, far TO
the South Of US. The latitude of Georgia gives
on the Pacific e tropical climate.
When / say this is a practical question, / do
not rely on reasoning alone. The prohibition
of slavery in the laws Of Oregon was adopted
for the express purpose Of excluding slaves. A
few had been brought in; further imPOrtatiOns
were expected; and II was with a view to put
a stop to them that the PrOhibitOry act was pas
sed.
Shall We then refuse TO rztify this prohibi-
toni Are We unwilling to extend TO the in
habitants Of Oregon a privilege they ask for
themselyesi Shall we, by our judgment sol
eTnnly pronounced here, declare that the terri
tory Of Oregon shall be open to the introdue-
ton Of slaves, anles the people, through their
Legislative Assembly, re-enact the prohibition
might 20 further, and ask, In reference to q
proposed amendment. whether We are prepared
to say, against the wishes Of the iahabitants that
the introduction Of slavery into Oregon shall not
be prohibited
MIR. President, I desire Il not to be under
stood, in patting these inquiries, that / am in
favor of leaving 70 the inhabitants Of territories
the decision Of question, not only affecting
them, but OfvitAl importance to the prosperity
Of the whole community. / have always re-
garded il as one Of the high duties Of the federal
government to give direction and shape TO the
Institutions Of the Inhabitants Of . territory
while preparing themselves for admission into
the Union. This temporary sub0rdination wss
deemed necessary for the Northwest territory.
even though settled by the unmixed population
Of the thirteen original States, trained to self
government and the exercise Of political rights
under institutions Of the most faaltlsss eharac-
ter. How much more necessary is such a su-
pervisiOn now, when territories are becoming
annexed to the Union inhabited by the most
heterogeneous races, and wholly unused 10 the
enjoyment or exercise Of rational frssdOml
An honorable senator from North Carolina,
{ Mr. Badger,) denominated this Submission OF
power to the Inhabitants Of the territories = re-
publican measure, or as in accordance with the
genius Of our republican institutions Sir, 10 wss
not SO considered in former times-in the ear
lier and better days Of the republic Let ne
state some historical facts touching this ques-
ton.
In 1906, an sct was passed for the govern
ment of the territory Of Orleans. While the bill
was under discussion in the Senate, certain
amendments were offered, the effect Of which
would have been 10 give the inhabitants Of the
territory of Orleans the management Of thsir
own domestic concerns, uncontrollec by Con-
gress. The Journal Of the Senate does not show
6y whom the amendment was offered, but on
searching the records Of that period, 6nd the
manuscript copy endorsed, ~Mr. Tracy's mo-
ton to amend the bill" think this may b
regarded as the original, to which subssqasns
attempts TO emaneipate the territories frum the
control Of the Federal Government, before they