The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1848-11-05

sh Jud have been. Now what Is II The aggre-
ate vote for Johnston and Longstreth is but 1885,
744, leaving As $50 votes not poled.
The expectations of the democrats depend upon
this vote held IN reserve aud II is unwarrantable
to suppose that of the 40 600 votes not polled
there is a decided majority of democrats; but
whether they will vote for Cass, after having been
Sufficiently Indifferent to give Longstreth the GO
by, the election alone can determine. The 10th
, OF October, however, was fine day, and many OF
the farmers could not afford to lose it, from the
cessity of getting their wheat and rye into the
ground tor the next autumn's crop. In November
all this work will be done. From the vote yet TO
come out, the democrats expect to turn the tide OF
victory on the 18th of November.
The wings claim the State for Taylor, by from
five 10 ten thousand majority. They expect many
warlike democrats to 60 for Taylor-tthey expect
many barnburner democrats to vote for Van 81,
question. We had the curiosity Today to go
through the Penn cotton mill IN Allegheny City.
II employs some 220 operatives IN all the processes
OF the cotton manufacture from the raw mate
rial TO the plain coarse cottons for shirts,
&c, for which there is a large demand In the
West The gentleman acting as our pilot said
that upon the ten hour system, IN addition
to the fimsy protection OF 1916, the factory, as
well as all other factories OF cotton Is doing
but starving business, and only living In hopes
of better times. We expect, said he, some good
yet to come out of this Mexican Wharf.-The heavy
debt II has created will compel an advance upon
the schedules of 1916; but we have no faith in
Cass. The reason we have not felt sooner the
mischief of the law of Mr.. Walker, is, that the
famine IN Ireland opened a large market for our
produce, and returned us a large surplus IN money
back to our farmers, giving them the means of
liberal purchases OF goods. Hence, under this
extraordinary state of things, our home manutac-
lures, from the surplus consumed, have continued
IN operation But the evil Is now beginning to
be felt, not only among the cotton mills, but among
the worsted, the jeans, and the woollen factories,
iron works, and glass works, In all these arts
we cannot yet compete with the pauPer labor of
f<, fbo thoro nd
the consequent reduction of prices from the de-
rangement OF exchanges, we are now really be-
ginning to feel the necessity of protection. De-
pend upon IT, sir, the naked question of protection
will array all Its strength In this contest. Manu-
features in this country are no longer secondary
incidental business-ihey are a great interest OF
the first class, commanding In Pennsylvania
balance OF power which, when united, decides the
opinion Of the State. In 1874, this interest was
divided; in 1S4S, 1t will be united in support of
Taylor, because he has promised to sign any
bill Of protection which Congress may pass.
The State, said our conductor, will go for Taylor
by from five to ten thousand majority. He will be
elected; and once elected, the necessity ofmeetng
those loans will do the duty of protection. With
Cass, direct tax might be resorted to, or an ex-
else, or tax upon gold watches and silver spoons,
staring us In our faces.
Such are the views of the conductors of the cot
ton mills.
ITEM.-The Penn mill Is model of Its kind.
drying, and weaving machinery is OF the latest and
most improved inventions, better than that of the
old works at Lowell, and after the sly OF the new
mills at Salem and Newburyport. The dlsci pine
of the operatives makes 1t all work together with
the system of beehive In this respect, however,
the only Improvement upon the system at Lowell,
or, at least. the most important, Is the ten hour
the days work OF the girls was from twelve to
fourteen hours, and, as far as we know, at the
same prices. We do not as yet feel assured that,
after the act of ~, the compensation to the opera
uves in cotton mills, was increased, though we
know that the profits of the stockholders were
HANGED But, If we could only be warranted in
the hope that the labor would be better paid for, In
an increase the tariff, might advocate protec
ton for the sake OF protection. At all events,
revenue tariff upon imports is preferable to whIs-
key Instruction
The opinions of the manufacturing interest in
Pennsylvania are clear. First-that the act OF
1916 is a democratic measure. Second-that it is
an inadequate measure ofprotection: Thlrd-that
If Cass Is elected, this measure will continue to
exist, or that any Improvement which may be
made will be insufficient. Therefore, we cannot
support Cass.
The tanning interests, on the other hand, are
still getting fair prices for their crops They were,
to great extent, supporters OF this administration.
and, as their interest has not suffered from Its
policy, they may be considered as equally disposed
to the support OF Cass and Butler, as the represen-
tatives Of the democratic party.
But the military gory-the plain, honest, and
his moderate WING notions-the charm of his
achieveme ns, and the novelty of his position, will
win, to some extent, upon the prestige of demo-
cracy. The main difficulty is In ascertalnlng the
extent of the draft which the unquestoned popu-
larity OF General Taylor will make upon the demo-
cratic ranks. The wings expect II will be over
whelming the democrats believe 1t will be insg-
nl6cant. We know not what to expect; but we do }.
know that the democrats will lose something from
this cause.
The free soilers suppose here il Pittsburgh, that
aylor will get the State-that many Tree sol!
wings will vote for h,m-that the Quakers will
vote the wing electoral ticket, and that the barn.
burners, WHO are bound to go for Van Buren,, will
subtract sufficiently from Cass to counterbalance
the free soilaboitIon vote, which went for Johnston
and which will 20 for the Buffalo nominee. The free
soilers have reduced their expectations to 1900
votes for Van Buren, In the State and they say that
the decision depends upon David Wilmot. Ii he
and his friends some 100 Of them, 60 for Cass,or
halt of them, the State may go for Cass but they
think that Davy will carry his whole strength for
Van Buren,, and that that will give the State to
Taylor.
To sum up, Their
l. The democrats expect to carry the State by
from TO 10, 600 majority.
2. The wings expect to carry 1t by D, 10, or TO-
GOO majority.
3. The Tree. soiers expect the State to 60 for
Taylor.
4. We are compelled TO give our own opinion.
We are not at all certain ofthe result 1t may be
from two to five thousand on either side. The pc
pularity of General Taylor may sweep over all OBJ
structions; and while we have no interest IN the
election of either candidate, while we would not
hazard pair of boots on the success Of either,
while we have strong suspicious that Taylor may
succeed, our original opinion, though reduced TO a
doubt, Is still an opinion that Cass will carry Penn
sylvania. and the main element OF this opinion Is
the unpolled vote OF October.
THE PRoPosED MEXICAN ARlFF.-Accounts
differ as to the probable tate OF the tariff measure
proposed by the present Mexican Government. We
think the probability is that it will become law. We
propose to give very slight synopsis Of the bill as We
find 1t in the Mexican papers.
The ports Of entry are to be-
III The tsu Merico-The mouth Of the Rio Grande Tam
pioo, Vera Cruz, Tabatco CAM eachy and Ssal -
III the PocUdc-Huaulco Acapulco Asnza1lo, Saa Bias ana
kagstlap,
IL The Gutf Of acknowledgements.
Then follows list Of places which are only open to
the coastwise trade.