The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1848-06-15

and the first prize has never been distributed Such
incidents beautiful Ia the history of mighty revo-
lutions, and mark the character of the people One
loves to refer to them and yet, the history of the
past four months; would erect monument to the
memory Of the French, Of incidents like the forego
ing so full Of honor and just sentiments and yet the
English, have words of for the hero
ism, magnanmity. and decacy of feeling of the
French peoples but only anathemes for any trihng
excuses, and sombre anticipations and forebodngs
At Mayence there has been bloody encounter be-
tween the citizens and troops and the city has been
put In state of siege Some fifteen men killed,
and NIFTY wounded This engagement took place on
Sunday the 2lst; the I'D and 23d there was some
fighting. and no citizen dared risk himself the
in the city The contention between the soldiers and
citizens Is Mt its height, and tho authorities Of the
city have sent to the German Diet for aid; but the
action ef that body Is slow. Some Austrian troops
have interposed their good Offices but from the last
accounts, there will doubtless be blood split ut
Mayence. A. titz, the member from Mayencc, has
called the attention of the Congress Of Germany to
the subject; and he declares that Mayence has been
oppressed by the Prussian troops and that their OPP
state Of things; be demands that the Assembly shall
recall the Prussan troops forming the garrison at May
ence The Assembly have referred the matter to
commission who are to visit Mayence to ascertain
the facts and report them to the Assembly. In the
meantime the Governor OF the fortress had address,
that Maycnce had been put in state of siege by
him. and the Diet replied to him to pursue with
dcration, the course he had marked out. Lord Pal
question raised by Mr.. Bulwer, ut Madrid; but |
pect in tho present state Of things he will throw the
OBSERVER
PARIS, May %, 1s4s.
Committee the Constitution Their Report-.q Presi-
dent-One Chamber, &c, &c, adapted to France
Habits Of the People.
The committee on the constitution Is composed of
much intellect and experience Barrot and De Toque
vile are OF the number, and understand are pro-
crossing rapidly with the great work entrusted to their
elaboration understand that they will agree upon
a President one Chamber and Council for the
Government to be chosen by universal nd direct suf
rage every three years. that the Judges Mayors and
their adoints the general and municipal councils and
all the principal civil Offices will be chosen for the
same time and in the manner; the officers of the
National Guard will also be chosen in tho same man.
that 1t will be the duty Of the Council Of State
prepare the laws to BIO submitted to the Chamber The
above gives sketch of Of tho principal out
lines Of this important organization which is exert
hereafter such mighty influence upon tho destnes of
France and Of Europe. My opinion is that such q
constitution will answer for France perhaps better
Mt this moment than two Chambers, each having q
negative upon the other as in our country 1t would
not answer for u.s. but the French are differently
constituted and acuated by impulses the force of
which are not so fully experienced by people The
French are quick In their reasOnngs and decisions,
impatient OF delay acquicscent in decisions, unless
they determine to resist them by force Whatever is
done in France, must and will be done quickly. The
delays which attend measures in the United States and
England would not be tolerated in Paris No legisla-
tive body could continue in session under such cir
cumstances; the people prefer bad decision to none;
intermnable discussions they will not tolerate either
in the Assemblies out Of them; to decide that is
what they require this characteristic of them in
all their private transactions and social relations
" Que pOules-pous ?'' is their interrogatory, and
prompt answer is expected-yes uo-instantly
There is no hesitation in assuming the gravest respon
sbiities no shrink ng from any danger, personal on
political Again Paris is France, practically and politi-
cally; the government will be a central government
municipal as well as legislative one it will embrace all
matters foreign and domestic; there will be divi-
sion of France into States counties towns and dis
tricts in the United States but all officers will hold
their places by election and appointment and subject
to the control Of the President and the Chamber and
their subordnates, under certain conditions and
restrictions. The people of France have been
ergetic police. and they require a government
that can act promptly, and powerful police for
their domestic regulation: They have been SO
toned to it, that they would not feel annoyed by it.
but rather feel security in it; and lift little
btrary occasionally, they would prefer 1t to delay
discussion. and INDIGESTION then again they are sur
rounded by neigbbors who may be required to be re-
strained, or need the assistance Of their armies in
twenty minutes notice. and central power is requi-
site to act in lies like these. The Americans
would not submit to this kind Of prompt, anu fire.
quently stringent exercise Of power. With there is
no necessity for it but it is different in France with
a central govcrnmen t in Paris, Lyons and Rouen to
control frontier surrounded by foreign States and
an army OF 6OOOOO men, and national guard in Paris
OF 3o0OO0 men and one in proportion in each city in
France Besides, parties do not and will not divide
in France as in the United States. The friends of
monarchy are few; there are no mitators and admir-
ers of the English government and the aboring class
es so far out number all others that there never will
be any such political divisions exist in coun-
try. Then. again, the change from monarchy to n
repupc Is immense-tme IS required to prepare mems
minds for ito accustom them self control and the
rights of frcemen without danger Of getting into
cesses. They have been accustomed to DEGREES all
their livesto unexpected decreesto sudden lcgisla
ton of that kind-to an instantaneous remedy for
new evil. or in Of exgency; and at present
they would not be quiet under any delay under re-
public. The French want strong government-prompt
In its execution-just in its operations-existing
through the will of the people-prompt remedies
feet order and public tranquility throughout the
country SYSTEM perfect order, and rigid discipline,
are the features of French society These apply ali
conditions, all classes, and all cases In social and
public life il is the There is as much discipline
upon the railroads and at the dcpots in the army
the rules are strict, and enforced with the ri
gor, there always being armed be call
ed upon instantly All their beautiful and magnif-
cent grounds palaces promenades bureaus hospitals
gardens, nunnercs, picture galleries, botanic,
logical and astronomical halls and laboratorcs their
lecture rooms their arches and monuments their sta
tuary-in word all themag niiicence, learning, sc,
and unsurpassed cegances of Paris freely thrown
open to the view Of both foreigners and citizens but
here too there is discipline and order the most exact
and guards stationed to enforce it, IL necessary The
population Of Paris in masses of thousands, in rush
ing to enter any exciting place of public amusement,
subject to the order they accustomed to
it. and they like it. Is there rush for the theatres to
hear new and popular actor, the crowd must form
only two abreast and those who last must fall in at
the tail end Of the queu they call it, it may be hun
dred rods longit the same; go there go away If
those before you I'LL the house must wait till the
next evening, and be in season. rushing, crowd
ing, or passing in in 'front.' Is tolerated patience till
your turn comes, only avail. Carriages. be they
ever numerous under the re gime-there is
never any confusion noise in Paris except in
Of revolutions. All these habits and ideas must be
consulted in forming the constitution Of France for
while there Is the greatest freedom Of opinion and
grace Of manners charming familiarity and kindness
of department., freedom Of individual action, &C &C.
yet acting in bodies they order and decorum per-
sonfed and they are accustomed to this condition
from their infancy and no change OF government can
change their habits in this respect. Hence a rcpub-
can government must preserve these features, which
Will snsure the force the promptiudc and the order
requisite to meet the French TASTE and the necessities
Of the case, in city like Paris, and country like
France OBSERVER.
PARIS, May 20, 1S4S.
.1rrea Of Bidngtl-Tncidents Touching Mm-Barbts
and ofhers-Triai Of General Cowtdis-Crm Ju-