The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1848-05-30
nv OVERLAND EXPRESS.
VERY LATE AND IMPORTANT FROM
MEXICO.
Message of President Pena y Pena


touched at Ship Island Saturday evening, the Goth
instant.
The Tay took from New Orleans the following pas
sengers -Ex-Gov A. b. Roman aud son, Thos Dixon,
Cnas Briggs, 7. G. Elmer, + Charles, Roumien, w.
Wightman. Miss Wightman, and Madame De Val
cour and two children, for England and John Seor-
cor, for Havana
The following passengers came to New Orleans by
the Tay -Messrs. Georgen Saggo, Castanon, Dom ngo
dc Cozo Wade, Strybos, j. w Zacharie and servant
The Tey takes out to Europe besides large number
OF passengers in specie and 40 bales Of coch
neal.
Passengers by the steamer speak confidently of the
ratification of the treaty by the Congress at uere-
taro and state that it is to be signed the 18th inst
HERRERA.
1t is said also by passengers that Herrera has been
elected President but that he manifested some re-
luctance in accepting the office. This reluctance
however, 1t was thought he would overcome
THE TREATY PEACE.
QvrRErARo. Nav 6.-The number of Senators pre-
sent is thirty three and therefore have a quorum
Of this branch of Congress. Yesterday Pedraza was
elected President of the Senate There being seventy
Deputies present there is also quorum, and few
of the Lower House. Francisco Eoriaga is the
President of this Chamber. Monday, the sth inst,
is the day fixed upon for the discussion of the treaty
IL is presumed from the political division Of the Depu
ties that sixtyono will vote for peace and fourteen
Tor war
One of the principal States of the Mexican Repu bic
that Of Jasco has sent communication to the Gov
ernment, in which it says # Congress defers any
longer its dentvc meeting the State of Jalisco, for
its part will recog the treaty by the Mexican
Government ratified and will recall its delegates"
This communication sent to the Senate, and was
read in that body to-day.
Letters from Qucretaro of the 9Th eth Sth and 9th
instant SO to show military ascendancy at Quereta-
threatening the existence of the Government. In
the first place We find the troops menacing revolt
and the threat is sufficient to compel the Government
to accede to the demands Of the officers. Next
tho military thrusting themselves into the halls of
Congress, and openly attempting to influence the
ton of the National Legislature in regard to tho
treaty. Here, again, they succeed. The rules of
the Chambers require treaty to be discussed in
secret session, but few officers with about eight
hundred men to back them, overawe the assembly
and 1t is determined that pending the consideration
of the treaty the session shall be public To all this
must be added the that Paredes Amonte and ia
rauta moving through the States of Zacatecas
Aguas Caentes, Guadalajara, and San Luis Potosi,
endea voring to raise no against the gov
eminent and against peace. The prevailing opinion in
well informed quarters Is that the treaty will be rat
fed. The church. conscious that in the event of the
further prosecution of the the nationality Of the
country lost and the ascendancy of the clergy de-
stroycd is the fast friend of peace But the
Farias and nvcterate enemies of ecclesiastical power
These men therefore, not likely to be influenced by
the church
MAY Sth.-The communication from the State of ia
lisco to the Government has had effect. The opening
OF the Chambers has been appointed to take place at
past announced the defnitive opening of the Cham
bers. The'President Pena Pena, delivered n speech
The Chambers have the reading of the treaty
until tomorrow. Every thing is tranquil The officers
of the army have received their full monthly pay
Therefore for the present there idea of pronun
cidmento
MAY 11th-The Chambers assembled at half-past II
O'Clock. The session is secret At clock the doors
portance deputy from Rio addressed the Chamber,
and demanded that before the discussion of the treaty
was gone into the proposition of Deputy Don Manuel
Crecencio RECON should be considered. When he had
done Deputy Preto spoke and said that the proposition
and reasoning of Rejon absurd and fallacious,
and being he demands of the Chamber to reject it.
This motion prevailed by large majority.
MEXICO. May 15th.-lt is now thought the Commits
will not go 20 Querearo until the treaty
tilted by the Mexican Congress and they will then go
there merely to exchange ratications In peace
is made, understand the infantry and artillery will
embark at Begara or Antigua for the United States.
and the cavalry at Tampco, to which point they will
20 direct from this city.
Mexico. Col Wilson is again Governor of Vera Cruz,
having taken command in that capacity on the 18th
instant.
Major Polk has been severely ndisposed for some
time but am happy to say, he is fast recovering
Capt. Shower, when last coming up from Vera Cruz,
attached the carriage of of his guns viameter
by which he measured accurately the distance from
Vera Cruz to this city, and between the immediate
points. The whole distance is 2521. miles, some
eighteen twenty miles less than the Mexican esti
mate.
MEXICAN coyGREss-NlEssAG AGE.
From the American Star
MESSAGE OF President OF THE REPUBLIC. d. MANU-
III DE LA rENA rHSA, READ AT the OPENING OF THE
OF 1s4s
Gentlemen Of the Senate and the Chamber Of Dupu-
ties Can there possibly be act more august,
ceremony of national interest than the presen
installation of the Mexican Congress Nay. could /
hope for a distinguished favor from Providence
than that Of announcing to you this day that the Re
public survives its misfortunes preserves its unity,
aud has yet in its power TO receive the proudest titles
in the estimation OF the word9 Was it to be expected
months since-the capital. the ports, and the
principal cities of the Republic, being lost the army
disorga uzed. and the passions of the people inamed
that the calamities of foreign war would cease and
should have il in power to noursh the hope Of
peaceful and happy future?
You have seen, gentlemen, and you have understood
also, the circumstances which surrounded us You
therefore appreciate the value and Importance of
event which places us in so advantageous posi-.
ton What was regarded as impossibty is this
day realized. Congress has assembled in accorda nee
q o.
about the dcstinies of the repub
lie to the wisdom of its representatives How national
and elevated is your mission-how great and glorious
your responsibility
it will be expected that sh 9uld speak to you of the
great and interesting points in the internal admins
traton Of the and refer briefly to its his
tory during the short period Of its existence. with
out the slightest exaggeration can assure you that
in the difficult crisis which the republic has
and with resources to meet its absolute
stiles it has maintained loyal order resisted with the
law. more than with armed force the viole Of
factions, preserved the morality of the government
prevented runous losses to the treasury and above
all it has allowed the bond Of the federal union
to be broken. A sincere regard for institutions
ardent desire to prevent shameful instructions and
bros in sight Of the foreign enemy firm resolution
TO assemble the chambers and entrust the rens of the
administration to a Preside nt-these will be sufi
cient to explain the few but measures which
the government has taken and especially far
laes to its coursealike constitutional and indspensa
be-in regard to the events in San Luis Potosi But
gentlemen these points should not, whatever your
feelings preferences under ordinary circumsa noes
draw your attic ntion from the awful responsibility
the prese moment when the question is, either
peace with the United States.
Being satisfied several years since, that the first OF
these alternatives not of any advantage to the
public took such measures were within my power
and such as were compatible with my 10y atty came
within the scope Of legal procedure to put end
TO the exciting differences which existed between the
two republics by pacific negotiation In forming my
opinion, and in sustaining il in 1Si5 il occurred
to that such negotiation Incompatible either
with the interests the welknown honor of the
ton have ever been persuaded that every people
fhp m Tho worifl ofiuaz find
itself in circumstance where 1t has power resist
the enemy which has invaded its soil They like indi-
viduals have their periods Of vgor and Of
and cannot be exempt from the ordinary laws of hu-
mainly 4 conjunction of circumstances to which it
rs unnecessary here TO refer more particularly. but
which might be explained very easily by our internal
dssen and failure the part Of the public admi
nstration has convinced Of the serious daicultes
in which the country would be involved by sustaining
with nrnrect OF slccneSful ISSUE. with the