Bloomington herald. [volume] (Bloomington, I. T. [Iowa]) 1840-1849, 1848-12-23

ain 10 her own ports, to be received OF used
by her to sustain her National Banks, and thus
contribute 10 increase he, ability 10 command
80 much Of the commerce Of the world. Ii a
branch mint be- established a, the great COM
mercial point OF that coast, vas. amount Of
bullion and specie would Aow thither, TO be
received aud pass thence to New Orleans and
New York. and other Atlantic cities. The
amount OF our constitutional currency Al home
would be greatly increased, while ita circuia.
lion would be promoted. Il is we'll known
to our merchants trading TO China and west
C cast Of America, that great Inconvenience and
loss are experienced from the fact, that our
coins are not current at their par value 10 those
countries.
The powers Of Europe, removed from the
ives, coas. Of America by The Atlantic ocean,
which intervenes, and by the tedious and
dangerous navigation around the cape Of the
continent Of America. can never acccessfnlly
compete with the United States in the rich
and extensive commerce which is opened TO
Us. al 80 much less cost, by the acquisition OF
California.
The vas, importance and commercial advan-
,ages Of California has heretofore remained
undeveInped by the Governmen, Of the coun-
Try to which i, constituted a part. Now that
this foe prosIoce is part Of our country. all
Of the States Of the Union, some more imme.
diasely shan others, are deeply interested in
the speedy development of i,s wealth and re.
sources. No section Of our country is more
interested, or will be m ore bsnefit,ed than the
commercial, nayigalonal and manufacturing
interests OF ihp eastern States. Our planting
and farming interests, in every part Of the Ua-
ion, will be greatly benefited BY il. Az our
commerce and navigation are enlarged and ex'
tended, our exports Of agricultural products,
and our manufactures, will be increased. and
ia the new markets thus opened they cannot
fail TO command remuneration aud profitable
price.
The acquisition Of California and New Mex.
leo the settlement of the Oregon boundary;
and the annexation Of Texas, extending 10 the
Rio Grande, are results which combined, are
of greater equeEce, and will add more to
the strength and wealth Of the nation than any
which have preceded them since the adop.
ton of ,he Constitution.
But to effect these results, not only Califor.
MIA but New Mexico mus. be brought under
the control Of regular organized government.
The EXISTING condition at California and tina.
par, OF New Mexico lying west OF the Rio
Grande and wi'hoa, The limits of Texas, impe'
rcusly demand that Congress should. at. lis
present session, organize territorial govern
tnenl over them.
Upon the exchange Of the raiica ion OF the
treaty OF peace with Mexico, on the thirteenth
of May, the temporary government which had
been established over New Mexico ceased 10
exist. Impressed with The necessity o. es.
tabIishng territorial government: over them;
recommend 10 the favorable consideration OF
Congress in my message communicating me
ratified treaty OF peace, on the sixth oil July
last, and their action at that session. Con
gress adorned without making any provision
Tor their government. The inhabitants, by
the transfer of their country, had become emil
lied 10 he benefits Of our laws and Constl'u.
ton. and ye, were left without any regular or.
paDIzed government. Since that time very
limited power possessed by the Executive,
has been exercised 10 preserve and protect
them from the Inevitable consequences OF
slate Of anarchy.
The onlv Government which remained was
that established by military authority during
the war Regarding this as de facto Gov.
eminent, and tina, by the presumed consent Of
the Inhabitants, il might be continued tempo,
,arily, they were advised 10 conform and snb-
nit to i, for The short intervening period be-
fore Congress again assembled, and could leg
isIa,e on the subject.
TIE views entertained by the Executive on
this point, are contained in a communication
of the Secre' AIRY OF Stale. dated on the 7'h Of
October last, which was forwarded for publ.
a.:
Of " hich il herewith transmitted. The small
military force of the regular army which was
serving within the limits Of the acquired ter
r;,ories. a, the close Of the war, remained ~
them, additional forces have been ordered there
fer he protection Of the inhabitants, and 10
preserve and secure the rights aud interests OF
the United States.
No revenue has been. or could be, collected
at the ports in California. because Congress
failed TO authorize the establishment OF Gus
tom Houses, or the appointment OF officers tor
that purpose. The Secretary Of the Treasury,
by circular letter addressed to Collectors OF
the Customs on the 7,h day Of October last,
"a copy Of which is ,ransmi'ed,) exercised all
the power with which he was invested by law.
In pursuance Of the act OF the l4'h Of Au
gus, last, extending the benefit of the Post
Office laws to the people Of California. the
Post Master General has appointed two agents
who have proceeded, the one 10 California and
he other 10 Oregon, with authority TO make
the necessary arrangements for carrying tie
provisions into effect.
The mou,hly line Of mail steamers. from
Panama, has been required TO deliver and take
mails at San Diego; Monterey and San Fran
cisco.
These mail steamers, connected at the 18th.
mus Of Panama, with the line Of mail steam.
ers, on the Atlantic between New York aud
Chagres, will establish regular commercial
route with California.