The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1848-04-26

with this great and wastug evil the States where il
exists We hnow that slave labor 10 the most wasteful
duoemsnt to complete his task for he must then
mspos snother-no motive to property either OF
his own or his ~aster motive to acquire chsracter
the summit OF his ambition Is to daily food and
clothing msdicius and attendance when he Is ILL and
decent burial when he dies These he Is in from
were AFrsnklin or a Washington would make him
thing but slave Where this institution exists let it
res bit when Is proposed to extend II beyond it: pre-
sent limits the freemsn of New York will resist suoh
tension They will insert prohibition against slavery
In the acts of territorial government This has been
permitted by law and who tho author Of the policy
1t trsess Its birth to the father Of the republican
party-the author of the declaration Of independence
Thomas Jefferson introduced into the Congress OF the
In the year 1884, the following provision
in regard to the northwestern territory osded by Vr-
Resolved That after the year 1900 Of the Christian
Era there SHALL be neither slavery involuntary
vitude IN any Of the said States 1.-THE States to DO
out of the north western territory otherwise than in
punishment of orme whereof the party shall have been
duly convicted, to have been personally guilty"
ordinances was rs I'd by Congress after thu
adoption Of the from the territory thus kept
free hay: Ss:n the great States Of Ohio Msh
population Of from to 100000, and In wealth,
resources, and enterprise. nov greatly exceed the
mind therefore, which produced the declaration of In
dspendsnce. II now inhabiting living body might ad-
miro and wonder at the growth Of new and grsatsr
independence said that Congress have no power
to insert such provision in territofial BILL refer
membsss of the Legislature upon this point in which
tho undsniabls existence of the power h proved BY
reference to the language Of the Constitution
tsntop of Its amero the expeditions Of commentator
the decisons Of courts and the courts of the
United States and tho uniform practice of the govern
ment since Its foundation Let me read to you short
extract, showing the results arrived at by an ex.
animation OF the action Of our government -
May We not safely challenge an examination Of our
princps than 10 here exhibited of that contend
What IT. LIST series of acts Of Congress
Sy
Adams, Jefferson Madison, Monroe, jackson, and Van
Buren, acts, to which would have been their sworn
duty to obectn they had doubted their
Id Acts Of character not less solemn than that
nzing the government the rights and duties
e spa ID Inc "a their
Of eleven erfitoros nine of which have actually become
States and members Of the oonfedsraoy and the remain
udng the provision Ohe tho existence Of slavery
In tho territories prohibited expressly and forever
and II all OF which with one exception express enact;
In Congress Of legislative control slavery In
the tsrrorss Yet strange to say this
array Of authority derived from the language of
constitution It's harmony With similar provisions In res
poet to which there has been any dispute, and
With the known dispositions Of its trainers on the
of tavsry tho confirmation from cotemporansous expo
sitons opinions OF writer's upon public law and
the solemn dscsions of highest judicial tribunals all
either Of sosmny Of the acts, general
long duration is without parallel In our history the
istenee of this power Is now denied Nay, more, that
DENIAL Is made by Southern associates In politics
basis Of prescription Of their political brethren at the
Nerts. a. despotio AZ 1t Is unjust"
The territory OF Oho was organised in 1887 and In
diana in 1900 with prohibition against slavery; the
done In Michigan in 1906 in Illinois In 1909
in Wisconsin in 1896 the territory Of Iowa formed
from portion Of louisiana slavery existed there and
by the treaty Of cesson yet the prohibi-
ton ef slavery inserted in 1888 inthe act ogans
ing tbs territorial government OF Iowa. and Iowa
tree State. Southern mon contend that the exclusion
Of slavery from territories which the pro-
perry of the people Of the whole United States is in
suit them and prevents their rating to such terri
tory Neither is true; the EXCLUSION has been made
since the foundation of the government in all the
have referred to- and Southern have usually voted
those acts they not prevented from emgratng
the most eminent representatives in Congress from
tho States formed out Of territory, where slavery
has been prohibited, arr emigrants from tho
Southern states. They unjust to themselves
when they imagine that they have either insult
ry by their acts. IT, then, 1t be true that
the policy of excluding slavery from territories ORR.
sinated with Thomas Jsiisrson, 10 sustained by ths
constitution and the practice of tho government has
been fostered and sanctioned BY southern men, and
offers reprosch injustice to them why should it
is to- =,
instituted for the protecon Of the laboring
The oppressed of other countries fly to for refuge
emgrents the number Of 200 000 s-year are
into the United States.
any fact is better settled than another it is that
the white aborer and the negro slave exist in the
region slavery dsgrades free labor tho whole social
system of winch the abong forms part deb ased
aud contaminated by the Of negro slavery
New Mexico and California are now to be settled Ali
experience shows that the question whether they shall
form free slave States depends upon admission or
exclusion of slaves from them Will. they remain
tories. Apply the great ordinance Of Jefferson them,
and the policy which to the free and
States of Ohio Indsns Illinois, Wisconsa aud Mich
ico and California Mr.. Jefferson abolished slavery
those who resist the application OF his ordinances New
Mexico and California, propose to abolish freedom; Of
all sboiton,ts they are tho worst Mr. Mcclellan has
asked what the wings can say at the approaching
ton He says the bank Is obsolete idea; the tariff
policy is settled the independent treasury law cannot
be disturbed and he enquiries again what the viii
say? Those familiar with the why policy know that
they do best when they say nothing.
fore" But put it in their power say that the demo.
Gratis favor of extending slavery territories now
free-that the friends Of liberty would exclude the
white laborer from our future Acquisitions aud you
them a club which they would with formidable
effect upon the heads OF the democracy This great
American principle IL in the hands OF democrats
Thos Jefferson originated democratic presses legea
tors writer's and speakers have earnestly advocated
point me to the first whg address which urges this
sure Of freedom nsmo to me the whig candidate for
the Presidency who fsvors it. Maintain this position
and glorious victory awaits the Democratic party
the narrow and miserable test to which gentlemen
OF the South have committed themselves-lst them
ouae delegates from their convention and Danish
the advocates OF freedom from the list OF Presidential
candidates and be nominee Of their convention whom
the polls close in this State, will require adsvIts to
prove he had been running at all. daughter
hsvs had occasion heretofore to say that the course
of tho democrats Of this State in regard the
annexation of Texas may have misled our Sou thern
brethren have said that the immediate annexation Of
Texas issue that divided parties In this state
ut the last presidential election 1t Ia true that Mr.
Polk in favor Of the immediate annexation of Texas
Is Is equally true that the avowAs OF Mr. Clay left the
opponents of ouch immediate annexation without any
intsgble mode Of choosing between him and his op-
ponsn, this point; candidate for Governor had
voted against the annexation OF Texas BY treaty;
and 1t Is notorious that the candidate for President
subordinate to candidate for Governor in the
affections Of our people Prominent democrats, opposed
10 the immediate annexation of Texas earnestly and
.saou.ly supported MIR. Polk Several Of them I'D.
dressed confidential circular to their friends urging
the support Of Mr. Polk, and individual who what
ever may have been his influence, deemed at the
time an important supporter Of Mr. Folks cause,
certainly opposed to immediate of Texas
alude to Martin Van Buren,. In the face Of thess
facts Is idle to contend that the immediate
OF Texas question that divided the parties at the
last Presidential election democrats generally desired
the ultmste annexation, annexation in the language
OF the Baltimore convention, at the earliest prsc-
ticable period !" but the warmest supporters Of
Mr. polk hi ha.n fauc a.