The Arkansas banner., 1848-01-24

 pose or snch properly as h might possess. and which authority l. csssn;Ial ainiost 10 Is being BRt the lives and pefSons Of cur ci izens with the vast variety of objects connected wiah then cannst be controlled by an anthorisy, which l. sEsy ca.l cd into existea6e fer thepuifosc ef making rules sBd regutnftsas er tss dspo 's1 and saaHagtsat e pre- Pgrty
 sach, it seems to me. would bs the eoas:rastion put apon this provision of fhe consultation, were this question now first presented for consideration. and not controlled by imperioas eiFenmst4acet.- The original ordinance of the CoRgrrss of the Con- act upon this subject in force a the adoption o the conslitutiou. ProsIded complete fraspe of gov ern,nent for the country north of the Olo, while in territorial condtion and for it's eyeHina adtnisson in separate States into the Union, And the pcrsna- sion, that his ordinance contained within iself all the necessary nesas of execution probably proven
 ted any direct references to the subject the eonst
 tuition, further than sesting in Congress the right to admit the Sissts torrsed under it into the Uaion.
 However, Eifcusstsianees asDae which seqaiFed te- gislation, well over the territory north of tse Ohio as over other territory. both within and with out the orgiaai Union, eeded to the general govern ment; and at various times, . eniasgea power has been exeycised over the Teni'osies--msAnIng thereby tie different TesFiicrsal goveEausentsthsn is conveyed by the limited grant referred to- How far an existing necessity may have operated in pro- ducing tbis legislation and thus extending, by fA- ther voieiIi implication, powers not directly given. now moi. Bat certain 1t is that the principle of interference should rot be carried h,yond the ne- cessary implication which produces i'. It should be limited io the creation of proper govern
 nents for new countries, acquired settled, and o necessary provision for their eventual admission in to the Union; leaving. in the mean time to the peo pie inhabitiug them 10 regulate their isiernal con cerns in their own way. They are just as capable of doing So as the people of the States; and they can do so, at any rate soon as their political in dependence is recognized by admission iaio the Union. During this temporary condition, it is hardly expedient to call into exercise doubtful and invidsons authority. which questions the intelli gence oi respectable portion al citizens, and whose Iimitalion. whatever il may bc. will be rapid y approaching it's ierininatioH-an authority which would give to Congress despotc power. unconiroii. ed by the constitution over most important sections of our commoa country. For, f the relation of mas ter and servant may be regulated os aanhated by its legislation, s9 may the relation of hpsoand ara wife. ef psreHt and ehild and ct any ether condi-
 ton which our institutions and the habiis of our So, cieiy reeognize. What woaiI be thought if Goa gross should undertake to prescribe the terms ol marriage in New York, to regulate the authority of parents over their children in Pennsylvania !-- And yet. II would be ss vain 10 seek justify ing tie interference of the national legislature in the cases referred to tn the original States of the Union. speak here of the inherent power of Con- sress. and do not touch the questions of such con. tracts as may be formed with the new States when admitted into the eonfederacy.
 Of all the questions that can agita,e us, those which merely sectionaiin their character gre the most dangerous. and the most to be deprecsted- The warning yoi-e of him who, fo,n his character and services, ard virtue had the best right 10 warn us, proclaimed to his coHntrymen in his Farewell Address-thst monument Of wisdom for hin, as hope 1t will be of safety for them--how much we had 10 appFehend from measures peculiarly affecting geographical portions of our country. The grave circumstances in which placed make these words, wors.s Of safety; for am satisfied, tIom ali have seen and heard here. that success fu attempt 10 engrait the ptincipies of the Wiimot Proiiso upon the legislation sf this Government, and in apply them to territory, should new ter. fitory be acquired. would seriously affect cur tTan- quility. do not suffer myself tc foresee 10 fore tell the consequences that woald enSue; for trust and believe there Is good sense and good feeling enough in our country to svoid them, by avoiding all occasions which might lead 10 tbein.
 Briefly, then, ain opposed 10 the exercise or any lul sdicion by Congress over the matter; end ain
 in favor of leaving to the people of any territory which may be heJeaiter acquired the right io rsgu- late it for henstlyes. under tie general principles of the constitution, Becansc-
 | do not see in the constitution any grant ofthe requisite power to Congress; and an mol disposed to extend donhiui precedent beJ oni its necessity -,he establishment of territorial governments VI hen to the inhabitants all the rights compatible with inc relations they bear to the con 
 ?. Because I beliese this measure, if adopted, would weaken, if not inpaf. the union of the Stitcs and would sow the se'es of future diScord. which wollJ grow uP and upen into an a5andant harvest of calamity.
 8. Because I bri ve general conyj,tion, that caeh propcsi'ion would succeed, would lead to an immediate withholding oI the supfhes, aud thus io a dlsho1urab.e tcrtaination Of the war. think no dispassonate observer al the seat o government can doIb, lais result.
 |, II, however, in this sta under irissppre- hensicD, snsier in the practical operation of tkis restriction, if adopted by Congress- upon a treaty peace making any acquisition of Mexican territory, Such treaty woati be rejected just as certainly as presented to the Senate. More than oHe-thifd of Ihat body would vote against it. view ing such principle exclusion ol the citizens ef the siayeholdng States fom a participation in the benefits acquired by the treasure and exertions of all, and which should be common to ali. 1 am rpeating-neiher advancing defending these views. The branch of the subject does not lie in my WAY. and shall not turn aside to seek it.
 In this aspect of this matter, the people Of the United States must choose hrtween ths restriction and the extensioD of their territorial limits They cannot have both and which they surrender must must depend upon their representatives first, and hen, if ihese fail them, upon themselves.
 5. But alter all. it seems Co be generally e0hce drd that this restriction if carried into ehaci coald not operate upon any State to be formed irom new ly acquired territory. The well kRown attributes of sovereignty, recognized by ps as bslonging to the State governmenk, would sweep before them any such barrer. and would leave the people 10 ex press snd exert their viii al pleasure. ls the ob- Iect, then. of temporary exclusion for short pe- rod as the duration Of the teyriofai governments. worth the price at which ii would be purchased .- worth ihs disccrd il would engendsf-ihe trial to which il would expose Cnioa, and ihs evils that would be the certain consequence. let that result tt might. As 10 the course which has been inti- mated, rather than proposed, ol engrafting such res,riciisG upon any treaty of acquisition, l per suaie ruyself t woaii hnd but iittis fayss of any portion of this eonaiFy. Such sn arrangement would render Mexico party. hasing rigai to ia- terese in ear internal institutions ln questions ei by the consultation 10 the Ssaie governments. and would ialiict serious how upoa our fundamental principles. Few iadesl. trust, there are assoag us, who woald thus gaat 10 fossiga power the rigai inquire into the constitution and conduct of the soyereiga States of this Unipa and il there are any. an Ra among them. and neses shall De. To fha ne0x,te t,t this cauatry ufire fso.i nayr and