The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1848-08-12
INTELL,GEACE BY THE NAILS.
INTERESTING CONGRESSIONAL PROCEEDINGS.
Speeches Of Webster, Calhoun, and others, on
the Oregon Bill
THIRTIETH CONGRESS-
FIRST SESSION.

miles, and within that distance to let them 20 free Of
charge MI Niles goes not only for free soil aud free
free newspapers. The bill and anne ndmen mt were laid
over till tomorrow.
THE OREGON BILL
On motion Of Mr.. DOUGLASS, the Senate took up the
Oregon bill from the House, with the several amend
ments offered in the Sc nate to wit =
J. That committee the subject stating that mas
much Oregon lies north of the Missouri compromise line
here the principle Of TIE ordinance Of 1871 extended
Mr. underw declaring that as the territory
was north Of ~ dg therefore the said ordinance extended
The amendment Of Mr. Downs running the line of q; der
% Ss on the seo o Nd e ss to -, the rsso
senas providing for for New Mexico California
New States q and having sufficient eepqa
tor hereafter be formed out Of the territories Of New
hesso and California which all be entitled to admission
te formed Of the portions Of said territories lying
mouth % Ssiss hy nSr
sG NE Gn9n with or without slavery the Of each
hall BE of iad territories California and New
SIh o s @ or " G
States shall be formed in said territories legislation excluding
i s he pS but the question shall be
The CHAIR announced the question to be first upon
the amendment of MIR. Underwood
Mr. UNpERwooD, on leave, withdrew it.
MIR. WEBSTER then rose and addressed the Senate
in opposition to the extension of slavery.
mr. webster's speech published in the Herald
yesterday, it having been received by telegraph-ED
Mir Bv-LER declared that he put no value upon the
amendment Of the committee, upon that Of the
Senator from Kentucky. Neither of them reached the
the Missouri compromise Of 1920 large acquisition
Of territory and power In Congress- secured to
the compromise the sake Of peace for the sake
the harmony Of the Union. Now, sir, we see dispo-
sion on the part Of the North to abandon all COM
promises and having the power to exercise 1t to the
utmost agai st u.s. The Oregon bill from the House.
indicates, far it goes this design; why leave
out New Mexico and California from the benefits Of
the act! Virginia and the Southern States generally
have passed resolutions against this proposed viola
ton Of the rights of the South under the constitution
Sir pass your law excluding slavery from New Mexi-
CO and California, would advise my constituents
from South Carolina to go out there with their slave
property and with their in their hands, to pro-
t.ct their rights in those territories would
mend them out there armed to the teeth to defend
themselves How would you GUST them from the ter
ritory! Would you send your regular troops, paid by
my money, to shoot me down at my plough and to
drive me and my slaves from our lands? Would you
shoot down upon our soil, acquired by our own
blood and treasure equally with the blood and
sure Of the North say, before God, would advise
my constituents, If you pass law excluding slavery
slave labor would advise them, sir, t" go out there
with arms In their hands to defend themselves and
their rights OF property He deprecated the war; he
had opposed 1t as war of conquest he foresaw that
our acquisitions would lead to dscord; but now,
have the territory far is adapted to slave labor
would advise them to go with arms in their hands
to defend themselves and their rights of pro-
perty. TO admit this amendment Is to reiin-
qush the whole principle. Our destruction may
opposed to this Mexican q war of conquest;
but sir have conquered and acquired the territory
we claim our equal privilege in its occupation and II
adapted to slave labor we claim the right to appro-
pirate it to slave labor If we think proper d. sir
advise brethren Of the South to set aside that law
and to go armed into the territory ready to defend
themselves and their property You may call this null
lihcaton, or whatever you please but this Is what
should do Gentlemen propose to admit Irish Scotch,
Germans, Dutch all the refuse population of Europe
If they choose 60 settle these territories but
e ntleman from the South with his negroes is to be
excluded We claim an equal right to occupy these
territories with our brch and shall resist all at
Mr. HALE next took the carpet. He went back to
the annexation of Texas, and claimed and argued
that it then understood that Oregon should come
in as free territory He replied decsvey to the de-
claration Of war by the Senator from South Carolina
and demanded that Oregon should be free at all ha
yards fthere was strong spirit of resistance
kened in the South, the sentiment of the North
equally strong.
. stI Nh. cALHoUNs SPEECH.
Mr.. CALHouS-Mr President, shall vote against
this amendment, but for very different from
that assie ned by the Senator from MR.
Webster shall vote against it, sir, in the first place,
for it, because they regard unqualified sentence
against slavery down to other side may vote
for it because they believe it may give security
for the existence of their rights south of that line
Now sir my wish is to be perfectly explicit. 1t is
cesary the country should be advised of what will be
the probable consequence of what is occurring Wher
there is ambiguity there will always be injustce
the majority viii always have force enough to force its
J., u
its naked FORM instead of voting for bill which may,
for time, keep things quiet, but ultimately place
.1Sm IN worse conoion Mr. fr,sident nave an
be more determined in their belief that the constu-
ton excludes us, than am it does not / am deter
mined to resist their pretensons Every vote of this
kind yields something's if it be necessary for the North
to be resoute in resisting rights il is the
necessary for us to be firm in standing up for them
would not sir, because could not in my conception
Of the constitutional right Of those represent vote
for tie principle contained in the bill But lift be
ha w Cf 10 nnrfU In fha thn
Missouri compromise, would acquiesce as i did on
that question But sir if it should be carried by the
thatit will be carried out in good faith a
compromise Of that description + like bargain made
such resolution will come from Southern man.
with, sir to be explicit this point wish to state
ptxi of the question, briefly but clearly It has
ever been my opinion, that this question can never
be better the North and South that 1t should be
promptly met and settled at once My conviction was
strong at frst-is stronger than it at first
that this question can never be settled here. Sir
there diseases, both in the body corporal and
polite That never can heal themselves This Is of
those. 1t results from its character and nature; and
the manner in which it stands in relation to cur
character and history. Sir, the question arises in
consequence of serious and deep conviction in the
minds Of portion Of the people of the North, that
slavery is sinful, do not speak, sir from recent
observation. 1t was my fortune, and not bad for
anS sss in early life to reside In New
derived from the scriptures for looking to them the
South may well maintain that If it Is not the best GER
taDly 1t Is not the most sinful of It
Is not my business to go into history of it, but may
say that this Is q government Of progression From
berg federal Union, we now in the opinion of a
where this feeling takes possession of any portion of
the people, they feel interest personal stake in
all its acts This was not the feeling at first This
was believed to be federal government for a long
time contrary feeling first became apparent in
1885, 1t first showed itself at the North IL first arose
in consequence Of tho horrible descriptions of slavery
in the British West India Islands Now, sir if this
feeling had been left to struggle alone II II had not
joined itself TO politics. would have Quit would
have run out. The people who Of opinion that the
Institution Is sinful are weak minded set with more
out But sir there is that in the constitution which
will prevent the question itself from running outthe
-'-''" Of elections, The fanatical party, who be-
eve ley are gKns the 600 ana t Ian s@en