The examiner. [volume] (Louisville, Ky.) 1847-1849, 1848-08-19

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whca be passes from an educated 10 An - ~
Gated nation. Sir, there are eOuntries N
rope, lying side by side, where, without Co.. -
or chart, without bound or land-marx~ -Pdss
run the line Of demarcation between N. sood
by the broad, legible characters which uNo,
has written on loads, fields, houses. sn9 ,S-ahee
sons OF men, women and children on 90 pet
and which knowledge has inscribed On The &c &C,
This difference Is most striking in the p,sch-'
&c arts; but 4 IS clearly visible also in h1.S'-a
ry- Not the most fertile soil, not mines oS ~
yer and gold, can make a nation rich x,,ks
intelligence. VINO ever had more fertile -
than the EgyPtianss Who have handed mo- 81
silver and gold than the Spaniards7 IN. We
verssl cultivation Of the mind and h..,, 1a'-
only true source Of OPulence; the cuItivs,,.'1s,
the mind. BY which 10 lay hold on the ,r-,sa,o. :.
Of nature; the cultivation Of the r., -
which TO devote those treasures 10 bep-s.'..
uses. Where this cultivation exists. No
how barren the soil OF engenial the clims ,I'.
comfort and competence will abound. a., 4, =
the intellectual ami moral condition az ,L..-,.s4
vator that impoverisbes the soil, or m.LS- !.
TEEN with abundance. He who disobey, nm. n"
Of God In regard 10 the culture Ofthe iatsIl..,'
al and spiritual nature, may live in the vsl.v -
the Nile, but he can rear only the slesn kias,'
Of Pharaoh; bat he who obeys the highest Ia,
may dwell In the cold and inhospitabls regoa.
Of Scotland or Of New England, and ssx-l'
formed and fai-heshed kline" shall feed On nj
his meadows II Pharaoh will be a ta.k.,'.s -
er, and Will not let the bond-men 40 fr.s -
corn in his field shall be the "seyen tbin IN. '
blasted by the east wind: but II he wiIl -
the commandments Of The Lord, then. k-hoI3
there shall be "seysn ears Of corn upon one 80
all rank and good" SIR, the sweat Of -
poisons the sod upon which Il falls; nj, 49,
Is mildew to every green thing; his tear Eirhsr,
the veFdure II drops upon
Bat slavery mskss the general education af,b.
whites impossible. Yoa cannot have a gsps,.I
education without common sehOols. Commos
schools cannot exist where The population /,
sparse. Where slaves till the soil, or DO lba
PrinciP4 PsFf q s4ysE woFk Is done, Tie
I lrss popn1<< In 1T - zpane. Slavery. than
ts th.s shlts~ n ; froSidcnss Of CO. /. -.
aad rsfsibuuFs- cats z scEf caste and -.
them fsoza sdpcztien, and yoo necessarily d,b,,
great portion OF the Priviiegedelass from -.
cation also IL Is impossible in the present a..
Of things, or in any state Of things. which r,n
DO foresesn, TO have free and universal ,dur.,,--
in a slave State. The difficulty is insun,,on-,
able. For weli-organiscd system Of COMA.
schools, there shOuld be two hundred ehIld,s-
at least, living in such proximity 10 each o,h.s
that the oldest Of them can come together a. !.
central school. IL Is not enough TO gather from
within circle Of half-a-dozen miles diams,.-
fifty or sixty children for single school. T,i'
brings all ages and all studies into the sameroon
A good system requires separation Of sehoo
children into four. at least into three cl,-...
according 20 ages and attanmenis Wlthept
this gradation. a school is bereft Of NOR, tb,,
half is efficiency. Nov, this can never Be- ION.
In an agricultural community, where there ara
1.-TWO classes Of men-One to do all the work. an
the other 10 seize all the profits With New
England habits Ofindustry, and with that diver
sified labor which would be sure to spring fran
intelligence. the Stale Of Virginia, which skirt,
rs here on the south, would support all the Don.
ulatiOn Of the New England States, and IN
them with abundance.
Mr.. Bayly. We have as great population
a. New England now.
Mr. Mann. As great population as New
England.
Mr.. BAyly. We send fifteen Represents.
lives.
| (AvOi And how many of them represent
slsves7)
Mr.. Mann. Massachusetts, alone sends ten
Representatives
I'll A voice And the rest Of New Ehglan-
, twenty-One more.
III Mr.. Mann. say, SIR. the single State o.
? Virginia could support in abundance the whO'
! population Of New England. With such frs
' population, the school children would be - ~
1 merous that public schools might b Opene,
within three OF four miles Of each other, all owe
!. its territory-the light Of each OF which, blend
\ ing with IFS neighboTing lights, would illamiR
, the whole land They would be schools, tOs
!. | in point Of eheaPness, within every mah'
. mssns. The degrading idea Of psaPeT school
4 would be discarded forever. Bat What Is u
4 lconditi0n Of Virginia now2- one-quErter pa
: Of all is adult free bite PopalationArs uRab
a | % rcd o. sritss and were proclaimed 80 By
! hts governor. u Ia annual message, EiIAO'
: | prs1srsnE zn5 rzlsrn- Thssr remedy =
4 {al1.-rn <srescSl -. sftf not proclaim sac
f.ct Wh<a b~s Virginia, in any State or N
d ltonsi election, given majority equal 10 u
. number OF It's voters unable 10 read write ,
. A republican government, supported BY u
: two pillars Of slavery and ignorance
al In South Carolina there Is also fund FOR d
, support Of pauPer sshOOlss bat this had beeOu
= so useless, and Was 50 disdained by its oblsci
! that late governor Of the Stale, in his aBhu
l. message, recommended that il should be wit
IS drawn from them altogether
81 Yet, in many Of the slave States there a
}, beautiful paper-systems Of cOmm0n schools
e dead laws in the statute bOOks-but the Gems
e tells us how prOftless they have been
a 1910, In the fifteen slave States and TerritOT'
}, there were only POI 0S5 scholars at the primal
& schools. In the same class Of schools, IN
> free States, there we're l,626, 02s-eight tim
:. as many. New York alone had 5O2. 80,
= 1.-Two and half times As many. The sch0is
As in The primary schools Of Ohio alone outnni
l. bsrsd al those in the ffteen slave States a
T. Territories by more than 1900. In the Sls
= States almost 0ne-tenth part Of the free wh
A. population, over twenty years Of age. are N
o. Die 10 read and write. In the free States i
As than one in one hundred and fifty; and at ls
IA four-ffths Of these are foreigners, who 01g
4 not TO be included in the computation Ma
n Of the slave States, too, have muniheent sch'
4. funds. kentucky has one ef more than n
lion Of dollars, Tennessee Of two miiiiOni
lie ly-t, in 1887, Governor Clarke, Of kentaei
al declared. in his message TO the Legislature,
Ell 'one-third OF The adult population were ana a
a TO write their names" and In the State OF II
IN nessee. according 10 the last census. there "
M s.. Sal Of the same description Of persons
n. Surely IL would take more than hve Of these
he make three fresnen; for the more STATE
a. Of them the less Of Intelligent freedom
nv there be in H. And IL the schools in the 81
N States are compared with the schools in the
h. States. the deficiency In quality will be as 9
10 as the deficiency in number
tie Sir, daring the last tan years have Ia
to most extensive correspondence with the int
b gent friends Of education In the slave State
ter They yearn for progress, bat they cannot Oh
X IL. They procure laws to be passed, bat u
Is is no one 10 execute them They set ior1h
he benefits and the blessings Of education, ooi
tie speak In vacuum, and no one hears me aP !
st. | III parent wishes 20 edusats his children
de- must send them from home, and thus sun
,es sort Of bereavement, even while they I've;
my my wnses si ~ BE s 49, rek may
i but what becomes Of the children Of the p
IN In cities the obstacles are less, but the nun
he of nenznns resultant In cities Is rraliEtlY 30