davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10
when IL Citizens is II traitor.

Mr. Lelber, in his celebrated work on
ethics, thus lays dowuihe duty of the cit
zen 10 his government. 1T was not writ
ten tor any special period or crisis. or for
any particular people, bat il apples now
with most slgnai force 20 the .dmerican
clhsen:
"Remember chat il is yenr state; your
nation, that declares and fights ont the
war, not this or that minister; remember
ibat tue honor aud history al your conn,rl
are engaged; that however conscientious
You be in your opposition, you may err
after alli that YOU cannot oppose the ad-
ministIa,ion, without strengl hening the
enemy, who las unsheathed his sword
againsl your kindred. A traitor is he
ssass~,val's 's'4, GLADLY .peleud his ewn cFnn.
TRY. II an opposi ionieels really aiif tan.
SC eniloi,sl, convinced lLal the war is in-
cxpedient, LEI them follow The old Roman
rule: Eeut ajter vinory, dul fight until
MpH.'
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10

BEAR SToRiEs. has been more
bears killed in Michigan the past season
than any previous seasons. Ia lonia
county, alone, upwards OF 900 have been
laid to the land One Indian killed 12
in one day --Deiro'i Free Press.
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10
Tit for Tat.

tWhat do think of Adam!' asked a
country preacher Of a new convert.
Nothing. replied the latter, contempt
uously.
Nothing, echoed the clerical wight in
surprise.
Nothing repeated the new convert,
in decided tone; cause, when lie com
mi'ted the original sin he 'hought nothing
Of us!
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10

A LEssING IN PARsiNG-'W is Mr.
Maddle? said q country schooimaster, ad
dressing onebf his grammer pupils.
He's hard case, thir, was the answer
'Wrong--ihe next
He's an objective case, ihir.'
How SOL
Case he objected TO pay daddy that
FIVE dollars he's we'd him 50 long
You may all 60 TO your seats. Plea.
yune.
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10

Dreadful Storm An exchange com
plains that great storm turned number
of inhabitants honseless and homeless, in
the streets. and states that many old gar.
trets were filled to suTocation by people
wuh their gable eads oui.
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10

A LEARNED MAoisTRATE.-Ata a peti,
sessions recently held in Bsla, an attor'
ney having quoted Blackstone as his. an
thoriiy upuna point Of law in dispn:e
one of the magistrates who had lately
been elevated to The bench, said, 10 q
very authoritative manner, that he differ
ed from blackstone en,irely; he did no,
sgree with him at all. !-ErgIish paper
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10

At Loss FOR Would you
young lady of'npper ten, would you be
lieve il! Uncle solomon, here, tells me
that the ladies on, West actually speak
10 the tradesrn and retail store keep
ers! They must he sadly in want ofsocie.
". mnsn't ,he,!
.lIumph, yes interrupted Uncle Solo
mnn. The, are rs badly off far societ,
m dear. as y"mr fa'her was when lie pull
led and asparagus for living and you
mo her sold them in the old Hy market
ba, ba-society, humph!'
Miss Polly Dolly Adeline tainted, an,
her aunt was visible in the mex, room.
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10

OF The following epigram, on one o.
The heroes of the Mexican war. is from
The New York SphH ofihe Times:
Onr army must be well inclined,
The best in fact, on earth,
Because in every action shines,
IDesiimahe WORTH.
Camden ~ j Dem.
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10
Information for the people.

We have been requested to define 'aeri.
al perspective,' aud to givean example.
Tie definition our aux ious scholar will
fiud in any dictionary Of art. The best
example we can give is that Of Mr.. CLAY
looking at the White House.-Joha- Don
keg.
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10

Our idea Essays a fellow that gst .
.hrew Tor a wife--ihst
Wunsu's love is like Scolch snuf,
We get one pinch anu tIafs euoags
Our old darky SAYS =
womsu' 5 iub n India rubber
t-,re,ch &c mere De mcrv you lpbksr
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10

'o'sS"f"b - -" y ~ 49, sttt. - - ttSn"
FAST COLORS. @
4 lady few days ssince, sent an elegant
dresssio 4 dysr's, with ius,ructions that
he should dye il 10 handsome colors, soar-
rauiednoi ioynn; aud she was somewhat
surprised, when the garment WIS seut
home ornamented all over with heautltnI
little .american flags, accompanied by
the following explanatory noIe;-
My dear Lady:--The colors I have
selected, and used for your dress, have
been tried b., the English. the French
aud more recently b, the Mexicans, ant
as the, are convinced M doub that these
cpinrs alwass stand / have no hesitator
my self suPwafraafing them 6ot to run
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10
No iced oft.

The Pennsylvania, are talking about
suthorizing free banks. Sucha thing Is
entirely super6uous-seversl of their banks
are already quite free snough--of spseis:
john. Donkey.
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10

Mrs. Marsiou. can you allow your
Henrietta Georgianna to come and nurse
Claudus Alfred, while our Louisa Ann
goes TO dancing school!'
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10

OF The following quesuon is now be
ing debated at the ,Nscayuna Lyceun:'
Which will corn man the q;cke,i, put
81 brady OF atigtt svcti
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10
March 9TH, ls4S

Leap Year-Thc Brattleborough Eagle
states that the ladies of Vernon VT, awaiting
themselves Of the time honored prerogatve Of
leep-year, made arrangements for a dance on
Tuesday evening last, invited the gentlemen,
gallanted them back and forth, and--paid he
bill Er
Great gals those. Wonder ifthey would.
nj buy the license and pay other necessary
expensesi
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10
Cure for a .sDreaaful coId.n

Fow often is IL that young lady, wLso
pressed fer song, is afflicted With aud
den cold. TIE bes, enrs fsr ibis j. t.
ash der slsset 10 s:s..
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10

Femenine politeness has rendered the
vulgar term ankles hemisphericaI pro
jections Of the pedestral extremities.
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10

a Broom Slick Some men know the use
of this article better than others.
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10

6F Why are The Mexicans like poodpn
clock? Because the Yaakees first Sc
,hes, running!
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10

-4poli'e lady.--A lady that sends card
to church in her absence.
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10

G- Tke A.nerary socieiIesof Dari
moarh Coliege. have prepared for b,
Hon. Lewis Csss, as present, spleudiu
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10

Smith run up The stairs in a good and
scorkmaa-iike manner" but how fast we
can't say.
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10

o. An inn keeper observed postil
ion with only one spur, and inquired the
reason.
"Why, what would be the use OF anoth-
err" said the position, 'if one side of The
horse goes the other cannot stand STILL"
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10

An association has been formed IN Boston
called the 'Anti-poking your nose into other
peoples business society An agent should
be located here.-ET.
We have society in this place called the
'knock your nose out of other peoples bust.
ness.'
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10

Fan.-Trading brass ear Bobs 10 girl
for gold rings and getting boot.
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10

Reaer Observance ef The Sa66aih.--Es-
tablishing an association to put aside ali
worldly matters and circulating tory speeches
at church.
The Democratic pioneer. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1845-1853, 1848-03-10

TA Alta meeting where the II ana nose
are couated, man blind of one would only
be entitled to half vote.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1848-07-19
Chief Engineer l.. r Il [

lMPosITIoN.-We see in the Fipcastle Demo
c'a' ana otaunton Spectator, what purports to be
an extract from Mr.. Clay's address to the public.
slgnityIng his willingness to accept nomination
at the hands of tho Wing Convention. We have
just examined the address, and we can inform these
fair and candid Editors, that the extract in qucs-
'ion, is gross misrepresentation, and we call up
on them to make the amende honorable. Lcwis-
burg Chronicle.
There Is some mistake about this. The "gross
Misrepresentation" above alluded 10 never appeared
In our columns, and our friends Of the Chronicle
will greatly obge us by stating this fact to their
readers They probably meant to say .4,.e,.sto
Democrat
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1848-07-19

Four FAcEs.-The Washington correspondent
Of tho N. Y. Express under date of S,h inst,
writes -
have seen no less than FIVE lives of Cass, in
tended for different meridians. There were two
editions issued in March last, and two in June,-
the two in March were, in character, unlike those
OF june and the two of June, like those of March,
obviously designed for Southern and Northern
Market. All attempts at explanation only make
the matter worse. Here are the books and here are
trade opinions are inserted in ono
edition, and omitted in the o,her,-,he letter to
Nicholson, against the "Wilmot Provso," insert
ed In one, and opinions upon the French Revo-
luton taking its place in the other Instead of be-
ing Janusfaced, therefore, Gen. Cass has four faces.
one for each of the different points Of the compass
lie looks North and West, in favor of Internal I'm
provements. Southwark, he endorses Mr. Folks
notes against them, and approves Of all that he has
done. lie has two faces upon the Wilmot Provi-
so, two upon the tariff, two upon the French King
and Revolution, aud his friends have shown him up
IN so many ways, that no has more lives than cat
The last have seen is in German, and this is ex-
Pressly intended by its omissions and additions to
mlSead and deceive tina, large portion of our adopt
cd citizens, who dwell among us. These little
tricks of little politicians, can hardly have any other
elect, now that they are exposed, than to recoil
upon those who make use Of them for party success
f. r.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1848-07-19

GEN. TAYLOR AND THE AcCEPTArcI.-The
Raleigh Register Of the 18th, states that "Gover-
nor Morehead addressed letter to Gen. Taylor,
announcing his nomination, and asking his ac-
cePtance, on the evening of Friday, the 9th of
June, (the very day of the nominalion) and de-
sPatched itby mail"
This letter had not reached Gen. Taylor on the
9th of July-nearly one month after its date -
Gov. Morehedd, says the Register, will no doubt
Immediately write again, as &bon as he hears that
his first letter had not reached its destination.
The Charleston News hears, from good author
ity, that Old Zach will not accept the nonina-
ton, pledged to any "party platform" That's
precisely what we expect. The Wing Conven-
ton of 40 and IA, erected no party platforms
and that of '4S followed, rightly and wisely in
their footsteps. We would support no man, who
would pledge himself, as do the nominees of the
Baltimore Convention, TO abolish Congress and
the Constitution, and be the mere tool of an ire
sponsible and defunct convention. TWAS Polk
subserviency TO the Baltimore Platform, which
created the difficulties about Oregon, and involv-
ed us in the Mexican war. Old Zach, like true
Republican and genuine Wing, has always set
his face against this usurpa,ion on the part of a
party Convention-and the people of this country
will sustain him in it.-WMg.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1848-07-19
HIenLANp DIVISION, No. 8. S. of T.

July 10, 1s45,
The following Preamble and Resolutions were
offered by Bro. JOHN w. WOLFE, and unaDi-
mously adopted
Whereas it has pleased Almighty God in his
All-wise Providence to remove from our midst
our venerable and beloved Bro THOMAS JONES,
whose genilemanly department, christian mild
ness and incorporating integrity commanded
our love and admiration.-Therefo
LIST. Resolved, That this Division deeply re-
greet the loss it has sustained in the sudden death
of our lamented Brother.
2nd. Resolved, That the Order of the Sons of
Temperance have lost consistent and useful
member, the cause an able and successful adyo-
cate and the community an estimable citizen.
Bird. Resolved, That we tender to the family
OF the deceased our sincerest sympaihies and
mourn with them tor one who was an ornament
TO society and pillar in the Church, and COM
mend them TO the protection Of that God who is
the Widows husband and the Orphans friend
4th. Resolved, That we deeply regret that
from uncomfortable circumstances fthe distance
of his residence from the Division, the shortness
OF the notice, &C., we were unable to paw that
respect to the remains of the deceased that we
could have wished
5tb. Resolved, That in token of our respect for
the departed Brother we wear the usual badge of
mourning for thirty days, and shroud the chairs
OF the officers together with the emblems of our
order in black during the remaiader of the pre-.
sent quarter.
lions be sent to the family of the deceased, and
published in the Banner of Temperance. Soutb
Branch intelligencer, Harrisonburg and Staun-
ton papers.
G. ]. HILL, w. p.
X. ID. DICE, X. S.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1848-07-19
HOME HXLL FOR SALE.

VIII sell the above farm by way of public
dac'.on on the premises, on "Wednesday the Both
day OF August. lS4S, if not sold previously, (of
which due notice will begiven) by private contract
This most valuable and desirable farm 10 s;,n,.
ted about two miles northwest of Lexinoton Reel
bridge county, Virginia, and contains about -
333 ACRES,
abont 200 Of which are cleared and in a good state
OF cultivation; the wood land is very heavily tim
6ered. The soil is regarded by good judges as of
the very best quality, not exceed by any land in
virginia for its productive quality and inexhausti-
Die fertility. The land is bounded on one side by
whistle creek and the North river. There is a
hrs-iate site for any kind of Water Works, at the
mouth OF the Creek. There is a never falling
spring OF the purest water near the dwelling house
Inc DWELLING HOUSE is large and com
modlous' built of Stone. The other improvements
are such as are usual upon farms in this country.
Any person desiring TO purchase, can view the
premises, or confer with Dr. Il. S. Moore. near
Lexington, or John Doyle, Esq. at Lexington, or
the subscriber on the premises-from either Of
whom the terms may be known.
JAMES. G. MOORE.
July Is, lS4S-tds.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1848-07-19
$500 REV ARDl

I'VE subscriber, in passing from the Warm
Springs to Millboro' Springs, in Bath county.
on Tuesday evening, the It'll inst, lost roll Of
Bank Notes amounting to THREE. THOUSAND
ONE HUNDRED AND NINETY FIVE
Dot u There were about twenty One Hun
dred Dollar Notes, four or five Of which had tho
ini.,ais OF the subscribers name inserted upon them
Sl', o.ue INK, about sixteen or seventeen fifty dol
lar notes. some OF them with the initials on, as the
foregoing, and the balance in thirty, twenty. ten
and five dollar Notes. All Virginia Money. The
said Money was rolled up without any envelope.
and tied with red tape. The above reward viii
be given by me TO any who will return tho
money to me, or leave it at the Post Office at tho
Warm Springs, or at the office of any paper in
which this notice is published
THOMAS A. BELL.
July Is IS4S.-tf
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1848-07-19

We have been amazed at the efforts of some of
the Democratic papers in the interior, to prove that
Gen. Taylor is Wing. Being their first essays
in the cause Of truth, their movements are very
awkward and amusing. They find that their De
mocratc readers are about 10 boIt-and Old Zach's
Whiggery is the argument relied on to keep them
in the traces But then, on the other side, is diff
hculty. How can they expect people to believe
that the Hero of Monterey and Buena Vista is the
moral traitor and enemy Of his country which they
have represented all Wings to be? There lies the
Tub-Whig.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1848-07-19

The DOUBLE SHoTrED PAMpHLET-"Indepe
dent" the Washington correspondent of the
Philadelphia American, asserts upon the au,hori.
ty of a Democratic member of Congress, tina,
"Gen. Cass himself was privy in knowledge, il
not in participation, TO the base transaction" tina,
OF publishing two lives. We have not space to.
day, for independents" statement-but he is a
reliable man, and he puts "the Hero of Hull's
surrender" in very unenviable predicament.
The Washington "Union" calls the t,po hires
ga very small affair" People of less subima.ed
and interested morality may entertain different
notion about it. We shall see.-Vbir.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1848-07-19

DEATH-BED REPENTANcE.-The burden of the
Unions song nowadays, is of the treachery Of
Martin Van Buren,. In one amusing parapron nh the
Editor goes back to old times and mournfuily re-
cites how the Wings used to tell him that the Fox
Of Undertook was not to be depended on. We
did not believe it them he cries, but it wa, ali foo
true And in speaking Of the apostate he has e.
ven quietly adopted the old Wing soubriquet of
"he Magician" But, like most death bed repen.
tances, the contrtion of the venerable editor for
helping to bring Martin Van Buren, into consequence
is alas, too late. The mischief is DONE IfDemo.
crazy is to be ruined by the fault of VAN let the
sin rest upon the heads Of those who gaze him his
original letters Of credit-R Times.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1848-07-19

FooTE AND NILEs.-Senator Niles having re-
buked tho Senate for indulging in political dis
cussion, Senator Foote replied, that it was not
more und'gnlhed to make a political speech than
to write two columns in the newspapers for the
purpose of promoting political faction-,l,at of
the Barnburners-Niles being Democratic A.
boliionist. Niles retorted that writing poti-
cal essay was no. less senatorial than for Sena-
tor to leave his place fo- week and follow the
Presidential candidate as sort of tail to the
Presidential kite. Fooie was one Of CASE atten-
dants on his late electioneering tour through New
York.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1848-07-19
Executors Sale.

IN the 10th day of August next, at the late re-
=, sldence of VIM. b. Calhoun, will be sold to
the highest bidder, the following property A
carnage and Harness, one wo-horse Wagon and
GEARS and all kind of farming utensils two Hor
Ses ana one Colt, Cattle, Hogs, and Sheep, House
tcles +; also, Wheat and Oats. The terms will be
made known on the day of sale.
All persons holding claims against the estate,
VIII present them And such as are indebted will
please settle the same "'
JAS. W. CAGHoUN, Executors of
Ill.,, 10 1910 WIN. b. CALHOUN.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1848-07-19


RESIGNATION OF GOVERNOR SHuNK-It will
DO seen, by the subjoined letter to the People of
pennsylvania, that Gov. Skunk has resigned his
office. Its duties will now devove upon the
Speaker of the Senate, the Hon. William f. John
ston, Of Armstrong county.
To the People Of Pennsylvania:
1t having pleased Divine Providence TO deprive
me OF the strength necessary to the further dis
charge of the duties of your Chief Magistrate. and
to lay me on bed Of sickness, from which | am
admonshed by my physician, and my own increas-
Ing debility, may, in all human probability never
rise, have resolved, upon mature reflection, under
conviction of duty, on this day, to restore to you
the trust with which your sutfrages have clothed
me, IN order that you may avail yourselves of the
provision OF the Constitution, to choose successor
at the next General election. therefore, hereby
resign The Office OF Governor of the Commonwealth
OF Pennsylvania, and direct this, my resignation. to
be fied In the office of the Secretary of the Com
monwealth.
In taking leave Of you, under circumstances so
solemn, accept my gratitude tor the confidence you
have rePosed in Inc. My prayer is, that peace,
virtue, intelligence and religion, NAV peryade ali
yours bordeEs-that the free institutions YOU have
inherited from your ancestors, may remain unim
paired till the latest posterity-that the same kind
Providence, which has already SO signally blessed
you, may conduct you to still higher state of in
divldual and social happiness-and when the world
Shall close upon you, as feel it is soon about to
close upon me, that you may enjoy the consolation
OF the christians faith, and be gathered, without
wanderer lost, into the fold of the Great Shep-
herd above FRS. r. SKUNK
Harrisburg, July 9, 1S48.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1848-07-19

The Wings of Elizabeth City and Warwick
had grand Mass Meeting at Baytop's Spring,
near Hampton, on the 9TH inst, for the purpose Of
ratifying the Philadelphia nominations. Dr. MIf-
LoRY, who represented the Norfolk District for
many years in Congress, addressed the meeting.
Gle said he had served six sessions with Mr.. Fiji
more, was intimately acquainted with him. knew
his opinions well, and declared that he was quiet.
mild, amiabe gentleman, of high qualities and mn
doubted abilities, and decidedly moderate and con-
seryative on the subject of slavery; and that sneak
ing from his personal information. he preferred Mr..
Fillmore as Vice President to any man at the
North that he knew"
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1848-07-19

The New Orleans Bulletin Of the 3D. instant,
says Lieut.. Col. Black, Of the LIST Pennsylvania
Regiment Of Volunteers, has been nominated for
Congress. by the democrats Of Pitlsburg. Col.
Black, with portion Of his command, arrived in
this city short time since, from Mexico, and left
last week on his way home. He is an excellent
officer, and highly respected by all who know him.
Democrat though he be, he goes for old Zach, and
we will venture to say, so will nine out Of ten Of
his regiment.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1848-07-19
FOR PRESIDENT.
GEN. ZACHARY TAYLOR.

The following is complete lis, of the Wing +
lectoral Ticket of Virginia:
WING ELECTORAL TICKET.
]. JOHN J. JONES, Isle of Wight.
z. GEORGE w. Boiling, Petersburg.
8. HENRY p. IRVING, Cumberland.
q. JOSEPH X. IRVING, Lynchburg.
5. WILLIAM MARTIN. Franklin.
Q. ALEXANDER RIvEs, Albemarle.
z. ROBERT f. Scorr, Fauquier.
8. HENRY Il. GARRETT, Westmoreland.
9. JOHN A. MEREDITH. Richmond city.
10. ROBERT SAUNDERS, Williamsburg.
ii. ANDREW HUNTER, Jefferson.
~ ALEXANDER III. III. STUART, Augusta.
Is. SAMUEL Med. MOORE, Rockbridpe.
IA. CoNNALLY F. TRrGG, Washington.
10. GEORGE w. SUMMERS, Kanawha.
10. GIDEON ID. CAMDEN, Harrison.
IL. FRANCIS III. PIERpoNr, Marion.