The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1848-07-27
INTERESTING DEBATES IN CONGaE IS.
THIkTiETss COSGI,Ess.
FIRST SESSION.



S,.ate
WA.HrNsros, July Is, 1s4S.
weather oppressively hot. Thin congregation o.
spectators In the galleries. Respectable quorum pre-
sent in the Senate.
TsE MICRO QUESTION CONTINUED.
On motion Of Mir tLAtros, the Senate resumed the
bill providing territorial governments for the three
territories Of Oregon, New Mexico and California.
The VIcE PREsIrESr announced the question first
20 be upon the ame nda,enL offered by Mr.. Hale. to
STRIKE out from the oh section the word. free white
80 as 10 extend the eIectora franchise males
II years, without distinction @t color.
Mr UNDhHwooD, from IA sense OF Justice to himself
and bis cons tituents, thought it his duty to give an
exposition Of hi, opini' ns upon the great subject
whch Is before the Senate He believed IN the power
OF Congress To egslae over the subject Of slavery in
the territories In The committees ANXIOUS for paci-
hcaton Of this vexed que ton he had the
adoption and extension Of the Missouri compromise:
but 1t had failed He had then proposed another plan
to the committee, which WAS to provide territorial
governmentfor each the three territories give
legislative assembly to euchto leave them
admit or exclude slavery NJ their peasure but in
ference to New Mexico and California, Mt of
OF Indians and Mexicans. which constitute the -
sof the poi ulaion he would allow them branch Of
the legislative assembly u be- elected by themselves
and the other to be constituted Of the Governor and
Judges, to be appointed by the President each
branch to have negative upon the other
Thus would these poor Ignorant creatures be
gradually prepared for the exercise of the attri-
butes Of sovereign people; and would leave it to
the inhabitants of all these tories to decide
sttutions of the North Of the South. He thought
that after the Missouri compromise, this the only
plan Of settlement He next gave series Of statistics
from the history of slavery in The several States going
to show that from natural causes the institution
slavery recedes to the southwark and that
beyond certain latitude along the Pacific, If left to
the people slavery would never be planted because
cannot, north Of certain latitude and ,rth Of the
cultivation Of certain products be ndered
free labor Passing then To consideration Of the
cation plan distinguishing slavery the erudts Senator
argued that by plan transporting all female slaves
as tney arrive AZ Inc age puberty ana males ut the
OF the Mexican war would remove slavery from the
Union. He next pleaded that while dissolution of
the Union would rapidly lead to the abolition of
Aavery, it would also NIL the bern States with the
runaway slaves of the South thus, while it would n
hct upon the South the greatest annoyance and
perhaps, thu greatest dangers it would infct upon
the North, In the accumulation Of ack population
tho grestest annoyance fIe next contended in be-
half OF the people of the South equal right in the
territories Of the Union Finally, Mir. Underwood de-
clared that though indsposed to support the bill his
amendments having failed, he would yet wait. before
deciding conclusively as to his for tho OPT
Mons OF his friends Of the South in this discussion
MR. BuTLERs VIEWS.
Mr. BUrLER-l have forborns making any remarks
spoken upon it, in all probability but FIR the remarks
the extraordinary attack upon institution peculiar
to the South, made yesterday, by the Senator from
is between fifteen States of this Union struggling for
an unlimited control over territory which Jointly be-
which are contending for what soemnly believe
no more than their political rights rs citzens of this
copfsderacy: ! am reminded by the Senator from
Ohio that the States Of South Carolina ani Georgia
would not consent to enter into this Union, under
your federal constitution without guara to them
Of the continuance Of the African slave traffic for
twenty years. And the Senator said that better
had those States been forever excluded from
the Union, than that this concession should
have been made SO say sir had better South Caro-
lima and Georgia stood out and refused for to
enter this Union, than that their desce should
be neuted tramped under foot and told of their iu-
fo~tn HI VfnAf rha nfS ont
terdsy by the Senator from Ohio against poor worn
out Virginia Yes. sir but the Senator forgot that he
has gone out Of her ders to build the States Of
the great west Were the South FOR ever to be taunt
cd with their inferorty and degradation! Mr. Butler
argued the equal rights OF the South. In the common
territories of the Union following the opinions hereto
fore expressed by Mr. Calhoun Sir the nator from
Ohio, with his uncommon powers of eloqueuce his un
rivalled invsctive, ssrcasm and ad captandum argu
ments, would have it appear that q profound mo-
ralsy IL his controlling impulse My opinion il, that
ambition is at the bottom Of it. 1 dent put it
down to morality The morality Of the North on this
subject reminds me Of anecdote which the Senate
will excuse me in relating Many years ago. at
tain religious feast given % where in New Ensi.nd
killed in the neighboring woods As proper act in
the religious ceremonies Of the day blessing was
asked upon the venison but subsequently, 1t was dis
covered that Pequod the Indian, had killed the deer
Sunday. Here dilemma. But 1t was finally
that the blessing on the venson had removed
clear their condolences entirely the brethren ordered
that Pequod be given thirty nine lashes Such is the
slavery but to clear their they would give
us the thirty nine ashes The political morality Of
New York reminds me Of Irstram Shandy. Tristram
Tristram can any good come out of Tristram! With
several other hits at the mercenary spirit of the North
with all their professions Of alty, Mr.. Butler
to consider argument of Mr. Baldwin to the effect
that slaves carried from the limits Of the local uris
diction to which they belong on ship board, became
free.
Mr. BALDWIN explained The Tvs of the State
whe CO the slaves are taken, do not accompany them
ON the chip.
MIR. BurLER-So understand you, sir.
MIR. BALDWIN cited from the Supreme Court.
MIR. BUTLER appealed to the guarant es Of the con-
stitution.
MIR. BALDWIN referred to another of the Su-
preme Court, which sustains the assumption that
Congress has no power and no control ov the trans
fer Of slaves between the States, as merchandise.
Mir. BUrLER-The gentleman's doctrine Is. that If
our slaves are taken of in hip and are dred into
Northern port, they are Free and we have no power to
recover them but Mr. Butler continued that IL was
the dut Of the Northern States to restore slaves to
their masers whether wing in the North by land
this BILL The bill makes, confess very great con-
cessions on the part of the South. Suppose we
tale the Missouri compromise will gentlemen say
that under IL they would not contend for the excu-
sion Of slavery South Of the line! Do they not the
contrary, go directly against it! hey say no, we
viii take all we can get north Of $3.50 and will fight
compact with hand that has a sword over tiff
make agreement | desire that it should be honest
prao icable compromise that we get do not
know but that sh II feel it to be my Juty to sup
port 1t.
Mr.. FooTE's REVIEW OF THE CASE.
Mr.. FooTE pres nted an apology for his trespass
ing upon the patience Of the senate, the exraor
binary attitude in which he le to stand before
the country He had been set down an infuen-
tisl newspaper the Charleston Mercury, Ms worse
than an abolitiopisti and ~ worse than the Sena-
tor from New Hampshire, (sir Hale) which that Sc
major will be much astonished to hear as | Was.
Yes, sir the opinion expressed that upon this
bing question before more da ngerous cha
racer to the South than the Senator from New Hamp
shire himself
Mr.. BUTLER said the statement made without
any authority from the people Of South Carolina
MIR, FooTE that the distinguished Sena-
tor his relative, If he might say would dscaim any
authority for the declaration Of the Mercury and yet
he proceeded to defence IF his course this sub
ject, which he maintained needed no defence where
his sentiments were Understood not perverted.
The learned Senator from Mississippi spoke then, as
first proposition generally upon the inst ution and
with all the evils charged upon It. he man tn At
1t had civilized and distinguished the African race In
this country; and that to the pernicious African
slave trade itself to attribute the plm
-t-s,t- .pI Ehri.t II