Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1847-12-04

rRoN rHK LOUISVILLE Journal.

From LOUISVILLE JOURNAL.
II OF the two motive powers and steam, the latter
is not only convenient but less expensive, important
to know where steam be produced the least cost
Were state, briefly, that Western coal fields are
more extensive richer in quality, and far accessible than
any other known that the Ohio obtain coal at ou
cents per bushe good that which sells sixteen cents
per bushe at Manchester, England might not be believed
We have heard and read much of the quantity
OF coal used in and exported from England of the wealth II
has Produced and of the dense population and around her
coal measures that infer the English coal
greater purity, of thickness and more cheapy worked
than in any other country Text books and encyclopedias
give very few details of coiees and the following facts
which have gathered from books devoted exclusively to the
subject and from typographical works. may be Of interest
while they sustain my position.
The only coal measures of practical interest TO us are those
of France, Belgium, Great Britain, Nova Scotia, and the
United States There indications of coal in about thirty
Of the departments of Francethat of Aveyron Spain
said to be the most extensive but from the character OF the
country unknown cause is least worked The last
authority can find gives only 1000 persons employed in all
the departments in the coal mnes and the supply Of Goals for
the French steam marine is obtained from Belgium and Eng
land There is bed of coal, about 700 feet beneath the
suface extending from Yaenciennes France under Mons
and Namur, to Iiege, in Belgium This is so miles in
length and in width and about 900 Golfers there
employed The quality Of the coal is infeo and its cost
and distance from the prevents its coming in competition
with the English coal.
The coal beds of Ireland and Scotland are the whole
inferior those of England but have the general char
actersics
The coal measures Of Englandare west Of straight line
drawn from Gopor to the mouth OF the nVer Ieethe most
important being the British cdnnel 10 South ae and IN
Fintshre, North Wales in Lancaster and Cumberland,
the Irish Sea- Durham and Northumberland, the North
Sea and in Saordshre end West Riding, in central Eng
land The coal in South Wales only used on the spot for
the smelling and manufacture of on in the smelling of cop
per brought from Cornwall and in the manufacture Of tin
plate The quantity this used is about 49, 000 900 bushels
per annum. The Lapaster and Cumberland mines supply
manufacturing cities nthese countries, Liverpool and other
cities the channel md large quantity required for expor
aon to France, the West Indies, the Mediterranean, Ire
land, and the United States. may here remark that this
coal (known Liverpool" "Qrell," &c. in the Eastern
and New Orleans arkets) will continue to be imported by
US, the presentduty, long it will bring from twenty
to twenty per bushel but at this rate pay
freight is used ballast and of course the price which
it is sold is no criterion of its cost.
The Durham and Northumberland known generally the
Newcastle coee supply the western and southern sections
of England and the demand in France Belgium, and the
Baltic the chief market being London Of the quantity
CURED in that city some idea can be formed from the consump
ton Of nearly millions of bushels in her gas-wo,ks
The coal Of Central England is used in Birmingham STAFF
ford, Sheffield and other manufacturing cities Edinburgh is
supplied with coal from the vicinity and the extensive cotton
manufactures of Glasgow and Paisley also furnished from
coleres in the immediate district
In stating the cost of coal to the manufacturing
and for domestic purposes this explanation necessary II
of kinds and unknown to Seventy distinct vare
ties to London and the screened and the small COAL
the slack and the cnder of the Variety of different
prices often several varieties combined and the prices
the compounds. Bevey coal is a btumi-
wood, holding intermediate place between peat and
pit coal yet IL is worked hundred feet below the grass
Suphurous coal dangerous to work cum is of but little
value and neither used when better coal be had
The Oe and Camel varieties the best for manufacturing
purposes and nearest appearance and value
Western coal. AT New Orleans, for manufacturing pur
poses the Psburg coal Is the whole preferred to them
at the Boston gawos the Indiana coal has been tested with
and found superior TO them and the and
experiments made by Professor w. r. Johnson under direc
ton of Congress- both Psburg and Indiana coal proved
superior the best Liverpool and Newcastle coal for the gen
Grafton of steam When shall separate the amna of
coal seams shall probably find all the best varieties for the
manufacture of iron known in England.
Al Sheffield the prices OF household cosl "a mixture of
hard small slack and round cobbags is near seven
cents bushels the strong, clear and hand kinds used for
iron work about fourteen The immense consumption
OF coal in Manchester is supplied from colees within eight
miles, and at the cost Of from six fifteen At
birmingham The price ranges from six cents
The Leeds coal Is INFERIOR and sells at about
Al Liverpool the average cost OF small coal quoted 10
cents, aud Of hard at 3 At the Safiordshc pot
teries the price occasionally less than but the coal
seam is so soft that only one-thrd is mined /.
The London prices quoted g Heton' and oval
send, 25 LILO cents and Newcastle first ard second quail
lies average 22 cents These high price however, are
caused BY city charges and transportation.
By the term hard coal is the hand layers OF btu
minous coal
do not find any tabuhr statements Of except in con-
nexon with gas works Here generally the best Liverpool
Wigan and Camel is preferred and give the table below
taken from the report of j. Hedey TO the House of Com
mons in 1887: