Richmond daily Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1842-1861, 1847-02-24
CONGRESS.
Chesterfield. Feb. 90, lSa7.
MUTT TVU' 10, IofI'
IN SENATE.
Mr.. CALHOUN,S REsoIuTroNs

|, appropriation Fe
millions OF dollars for the purpose bringing the wa, viii
Mexico To concuson-the subject commonly
he extension OF slavery. VIVA, propose (ssd Mr. C.
~ before send these resolutions the table 10 make
lew explanatory remarks. IL was, Mr. President solemn
asserted on this floor, ago. that all parties IN
inc on-slaNohoding States have liked and so
Tenn determination upon two points which are of IN,
deepest interest tho sla,eholding States One is tina
snoud De no further admission OF any territory into
s Union which permitted the of slavery; and
the other Is that slavery shall hereafter in any
the Territories Of the United Stites; effect OF which
VIII be- to give to the nonslavehoding States the mono
oy o. me public domain 10 tho exclusion of the savehol-
ding States Since that declaration made We have
proof that there was satisfactory ground for
oeinR made Tor we have already received resolutions So
emny passed by OF the yehoding States
OF the number OF the nonslavchodng States al
ready IN the Union. Iowa being counted using tho
strongest possible language TO that effect and no doub, In
progress OF ume shall have similar resolutions from ali
the non sayehoding States. But need not 20 beyond
inc walls OF Congress The subject has been agtated i'm
the other House. and bill has bscn there brought up
hbi'ing the extension OF slavery Ito their own Ian
aSe 70 any territory which may be hereafter acquired by
inc United States and, At the timc two resolutions
which have been moved during the present session 10
hu the compromise limo from the Rocky Mountains to the
| racine have been rejected by a decided majority
SIR there installing the signs Of the times. and i,
appears To me that 1t is high that the
States should inquire what now their relative in
hs Union, and what 1t will be II this ation sbopId
be carried into effect. Already are we in a minority I
use the word ash regards suprcmacy-slready arc va in
minority IN the other House, in the electoral college
may say IN every department OF this Government except
IN the present Senate OF the United States Here fo- the
present. we nave an equality, twenty eight States voting
counting Delaware which Is of doubtful character ON tbe
side OF the onslayehoding States; but this equality of
strength exists only in this Senate One of the clerks M
my request, gave statement of what il tho
strength OF the two descriptions in the other House
OF Congress and in the electoral college There are Dos
Representatives, including Iowa. which il already tepr
sented m that House; of these l3S non
ing States, and 81 from slevehoding States giving ma
oriiy in the aggregate IS votes 10 the non
ing states In the electoral college there les votes
Belonging TO the non-saveholdng Safes and lis the
slaNehoIdng States, giving IA majority Of so We hive
VII Tesldent nj present. only position under this CO.
'crnnent by which make any resistance 10 this
Pess'e policy against the South, which the slavehod
ing States manifest strong disposition 10 adopt And
'hey are rapidly increasing in strength and consequently
'eT power OF carrying this policy rapidly incre
AeSdy Iowa Is State. When she appears here there
viii be two Senators Of the avChoding dvision
Al the next session there will be additional Senators
rom Ue new STATE OF Wisconsin, making majority of
Tour on the side OF the non-nysholdng States They will
then carry branch this Government nj their m
ana pleasure But SIR, II this policy upon U.S. this
determination that there should be no slavehodng STATES
hereafter admitted into the Union that shall no
ehey excluded from every territory that possess
III this Is 10 be the fixed policy of the Government ask
"ha' VIII be our situation Sir, there ample space for
Twelve or fifteen ct the largest description of States IN the
territories now belonging tins Government Already law
mas passed creating the State o Wisconsin aud there is am
room tor another north OF Iowa. another north of
and then IN that region extending Rocky Mountains
and yng between the ioriyninh degree north latitude
and the Texan line, which may be down at about
ana ha degrees OF latitude there territory capable of
being divided into eight large States There ia
oy enough TINT already without reference 10 Mex
So 10 make WeiNe OF the largest sized
be and will be shortly added How will we then stand
mere Will be fourteen the part the slaveholdng Sates
ana "ehVegh on the part OF the -sayehodng States
Just double our number. And, with the same dspro-
portion IN the House and in tho electoral college the
Government will be entirely the hands of the
holding States They will have overwhelming maori,y
81 TINS STATE OF hings - 10 and the determination
splemny made and avow,d be persisted in where shall we
hu is Iaf a tins Federal Governmen concerned
We must look rights must look to our interests
rs Wp has. 40, a.
constitution Upon this must rely ii upon any thing
ANA no" put this solemn question: put It TO all sides of
the senate, Are be protected Sir look 10 the
constitution Tor protection. II look the operation of
TINS Government will that from the beginning of the
Government to the day, far pecuniary mat
"e concerned as Tar the supply and disburse
"l revenue are involved, have been that portion of thc
community who have SUBSTANTIALLY supported the Govern
meni, and without receiving any thing like pronoron,,
return But why should beyond this very measure it,
e-ts determination the part the non-ssvehoIdng
states mat there shall be participation the part of Tho
saVchodng States in the benefits derived from tho
possession OF territory Sir what the effect of this
Pocy will not say with what design IL is adopted
WIZ not say what its causes aFe-wheher proceeds from
ohnd ianatcism, whether from hostile feeling Of slavery
Hoety entertained by who anatcs or hethcr
II be the work OF men who have been looking for political
power and have agitaed this question the
mode OF attaining their object. But effect of the policy
Government " ''''
Now, ask, is there remcdyl Does the constitution
aHod remedy, and not, there any other7 These Mr.
President solemn questions not only TO US but la,
me say 10 gentlemen from nonslayeholdng States 10 Them
r the day on which the balance between tho two sections
INTO winch we divided upon this question s DESTROYED
will be day not very for removed from political reyou,io,
from anarchy, from civil The balance of our system ~
N he sa'ehcIjng States they the power;
they are sustained the balance will be preserved and for
generations 10 come this glorious Union may upheld but
hs policy 10 be carried and they are 10 be
to mere handful, become mere ball 10 be banded
about To be used for the purpose carrying out the views
parties IN the presidential this 10 be the case
say, wo' NO. to the people OF this country. Now put
the question IN this solemn ID, es the constitution
noru any remedy j. there provision in it by which
tins aggressive policy thus boldly ayowed cat be arr
Is such policy ak, consistent with the cons ttuon3
no, SIR IL u IN all It's features deadly decidedly
TO It, What are those eaures7 The ,reny-eg1 States
(he twenWnnc including Iowa might like so many in.
dlviduals. stand consolidated for their mutual benefit
The constitution Of the United States was not made for
mere individual prosperity; II intended for the benefit
OF the whole mass Of the people, It had higher aims than
those OF individual benefit; il intended that the States con-
shutting this Union should enjoy all the Advantages natu
raj and acquired which they were entitled TO enjoy and
ENJOY them with greater security The whole system
was formed upon principles justice and equality perfect
equality between thc various members Of the Union
Vow can this be consistent with the policy which would
make the public domain monopoly for tho benefit Of one
P'on Of the Union which would place the power
ton oi me unonf that the Of policy that the cons.
tuition contemplated How do we stand IN reference 60 the
public domani IL is the property Of the States
OF tins Union and s called the territory Of the IT, States,
and what the United States but the several States uni
cdi S the territories the property Of this Union col
ccuyoy aud held Jointly for the common benefit Of the
"hole' ana ~ consistent with justice. with equality, that
one portion OF the p'pneors partners in this Joint in
fs ouinumbsrng the other poron should Gust them Of
ms common property, should pass law which will p-o-
sSipe the ehen7 OF tho other portion and rive them
o the nght o emgfang with thgir personal property 10
me Territory Of the United States, just perfectly md
freely as citizens Of the nonsavchodng States may dol
Shall this be considered be consistent with our idoa OF
common property OF property held jointly for tho common
bcnch OF n'i Would II be considered in private life
Certainly not II would be considered the fragrant
outrage ~ the world
hf President, only lie this branch Of the subject clear
but The ohof which undotakcs 20 say that State
rtpy shall be admitted into this Union which by s cons
luton shall permit tho existence of slavery b clearly an ont
rsge aRainst the constitution Sir, hold II 10 be funda.
mental principle 10 our political union that the people hay,
right 10 cfabsh what government they think proper fo
themselves that State which s about 10 become mem
Der Of this Union has right to form he government o.
peosos. In order be admitted into the Union there il
but ono qualification demanded the form Of IT, gov
efnmenii and that ~. that 10 shall he republican. Now
what is proposed II s proposed, by vague, indefinite
ana most dangerous conception Of liberty override this
principle by which the people permitted form tho
81.