Richmond daily Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1842-1861, 1847-03-27
REMARKS OF Mr.. CALnoUN-
Al the Meeting OF the Citizen. OF Charie.to.,

remarks to the subject OF peculiar done.e in.,i
uuon not only because is by far the most important
us. but, also, because have fully expressed INV views
my place IN the Senate the only other important sub
jcet, the Mexican war
fully concur in the address Of your committee and ,b
resolutions accompanying it, The facts stated are unques
uonsbe, aud the conclusions irresistible
Indeed after all that has occurred during the las, twelve
months, would be almost diotc 10 doubt that lary,
'Jo'V W oo Paiues IN the non-ssvehoding States hav
come 20 hAeu determination TO appropriate all the Terri
tories OF the United States now posscssed or herea,r 4,
be acquired to themselves, the entire exclusion of III,
savehoiding States Assuming. them that TO be beyons
doubt the grave, and u.s. vital question is presented 4,
consideration have they the power carry this determ
| nation into effect
II will be proper PREMISE before undertake to m
s"er hls question: that II Is intention to place bsor,
you the danger with which from this de
termination, plainly and fully without cxagsera,ion or
'enuauon and aso the advantages have Tor rcpeinC
It, leaving 10 you determine what measures shou bs
adopted Tor that purpose.
now return To the question, aud answer Yes they
nave 'he power as Tar as mere numbers give They
will have majority in the Congress IN every de-
Patimeni OF the Federal Government The admission
OF Iowa and Wisconsin, will give them two additional
States and majority OF four in the Senate which
fore has been our shield against this and other of
the kind. We already in a minority in the Heu.e q,
Representatives and the Electoral Colleges that with the
loss OF the Senate, shall be n minority IN every de-
par'men OF the Federal Government: and ever must
unue So the non-slavchodng States should carry into
cee' 'neh scheme OF apptopratng o their exclusive
all the Territes OF the United States. But fortunately
under our system ct numbers are not the
ohy element OF power There are others, which would
give ample OF defending ourselves against the
threatened danger, IT We should be ourselves
We have. IN the first place. the advantage OF having the
Constitution on our side clearly and and IN
is entire fabric; much that the whole body OF the in
suumoni stands opposed To their scheme of
the Territories themselves. To make good this assrr
uon Is only necessary 10 remind that Fed.
erol, and not National Consolidated Government-a
distinction essential 20 correct understanding the Con-
sutsuon and safety. Il ought TO be forgotten
overlooked. As Federal Government the States rn,
posing the Union constituents end stand in the same
relation to H. m that respect the individual tizcns of
State do to its As constituent members of
the Union all the Territories and other property of the lin
ION belong p them, partners and nt "a
he government as enormously supposed by some The
Government Is but the agent Entrusted with the manage
men And hence the Constitution expressly declares the
Territory 20 be tho property OF the United Stass-tb,t a
the States united, the States the Union which ~.
but synonymous expressions And hence also Congress
has no more right to appropriate the Territories of the L.
states u the use ct any portion OF the States the exc
sion Of The others than has appropriate in the sam. way
the tors o. other public building the Navy any other
property OF the L. States. That has RIGHT no ns
would venture TO asscri and yet Is placed exactly
the ground with the other by the Constitution
IL this solid foundation that placed tho r,,b =,
the savehodng States TO full and equal participation in
the Teore ct the United States opp ston TO the de-
termination OF the nonsayehodIng States 10 appropriate
them exclusively % themselves IL was my intention =,
urge them ! vote, but was unable 20 do 81, ii, consc
quence Of the great pressure OF business during the las,
lew days OF the session Il et by those opposed 70
u.s. that, the foundation which placed INV resolutions
be admitted the conclusion could not be successlv ns
ei and hence the bold but unsuccessful aempt TO as
the foundation iiself, by contend ng ours is Nations,
OF Consolidated Government, which the States wouId
stand 10 the unon as the counties do the States and be
equally destitute OF all political nights Such conclusion
1t 1t could he established would indeed place Us and ON,
peculiar domestic Institutions mercy OF the nonaye
holding SAFE; but fortunately II cannot be rnnin,,no5
without sUbyernng the very foundation OF our poli,
cal SYSTEM s1i denying the incontroyerthe facts
connected with the foundation and adoption OF the Cons,
luton.
But, il may be asked what do We gain bv havi,, tho
Constitution ever 80 clearly side, when a majority
the Notwithstanding States stand prepared TO deny
Possibly sucn may be the still cannot fail 10 gain
much by the advantage gives US. [ speak from ION,
experience have known truth promptly advocated
IN the spirit Of truth fail in the end Already
here are many highly enlightened and patriotic citizens
IN 'hose States who agree with US on this great and y,l
point The effects OF the discussion will not niprobaby
greatly increase their number and what is OF no e i'm
portanee induce su greater number 10 hesitate and
abate somewhat Ia their confidence Ia former opip,ns
and thereby prepare the way to give full aft CT 10
another advantage which possess To understand what
Il " will be necessary 10 explain what is the motive and
object OF this crusade the part Of nOslavehodng
safes against our peculiar domestic institution.
Il Is eear that 1t does originate in any hostility of
interests The labor OF slaves does not conflict with
The proht OF their capitalists tho wages Of their on,ra
uves any way inJuriOusy OBJECT the prosper,tv oS
those States. either IL relates their or wealth
"a the contrary greatly increases both Its product those
whch mainly stimulate and render their capital and labor
prohiabie while slaves furnish, the same time an
extensive and profitable market for what thew make A.
initiate the products OF their abor-str from the st the
three great articles, which almost exclusively the mo-
duets Of their aborooton, rice and tobacco and WIN,
would bc become OF the great Shipping nayigatuu co
mefcia and manufacturing interests Of the Notwithstanding
States hat Of their LoVes and Wal.haus: their Nv,
fork and Boston, and other manufacturing and commercial
cites What 10 enlarge the question, would become Of
the exports aud imports Of the Union itself its shipping
ana tonnage, is immense revenue in the disbursements OF
which millions IN those States, directly or indirectly live
and prosper Fortunately iAen the crusade agans our
domestic institution does originate in hostility of inter
Inc Iu fty Of ~.
danger, ard saving ourselves short dsrupure of the
Union would be altogether hopeless so predominant the
regard or interest IN those States all other consdera
tons
Nor does Il originate in any apprehension that the
savehOldng States would acquire an undue p+cp,nd.,
IN the Union unless restricted to their rreent Limits
il full share OF the Territories should fall - our
ot, could never hope outweigh, by any increased
number of saychoItug States the great petonderance
Nhch teir numbers give TO the nonsavehoding States
~ the Rouse 81 Representatives and the Electoral College
All we could nope Tor would be- preserve an equality IN
the senate at most TO acquire pfopond rance in tina,
branch Of the Government.
But d 1t originates neither In the ono nor the other of
these what are the real motives and objects Of their cru
SADIE against our institution To answer this it will be
necessary explain what the feelings and views d the
people 81 the non-ssyehodng States IN reference to H.
With their effects their party operations especaIly IN
relation to the Pfcsidenull election
They may. in reference the subject under con.dera
ton, be divided into four classes. OF these the Abolition
ists proper-the raJd fanatics who regard slavery q.
and thus regarding %, deem their hgnes duty to destroy
IT. even should u involve the desTucuoB OF the C0nsttu
ton and the Union one class Ii is a small
one not probably exceeding five per cent Of the populn
ton Of those states. They voted. # | recoect correctly
about 10000 30 900 votes in the las, test Of bc,
strength in tic State Of New York out Of about 400 600
votes which would give abou i've per ceai. Their strength
n ihai State, Id suppose fully equal Ia their
age strength in tue nJu-savc- holding States Rcncray-
Another class consists D the gre1t body OF the ctk Of
those states, constituting OF least of the whole
and Who, while hey regard slavery evil and a. such
are disposed 10 aid 10 restricting and exfplng H. when Il
can be done consistently with the Constitution and with
out ondangefirg Inc peace property Of tho country
do NOT regard as sn, to be put down By all and every
means.
Of the other two, small ca.., perhaps not Ok.
cocdng hyo per cent Of the whole who view slavery a. we
Co. more o. ouInsuluon, and the only by Wfc w.,
races 20 disamar a. those innabnR tho sla,ehoding
states can live together nearly equal numbers In peace
and property, and that No abolition would end in the cS
upouon nt tue other n they regard IL as an
evil, is no The abstract Just Roycrnmen with oil IN,
burdens labor, with oil ne , Punishment, with oil MS in
cuons. and thousands n other hinr- arc evils when
viewed 10 uIc abstract but FAR Otherwise when viewed In
ho concrete because they prevent greater amount
. sH.H O. LODI.