The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1847-07-15
TUESDAY AFTERNOON, July 6.

YIN 49, ~ - ~~~~-~'
press SAYS:
The Hon. Mr. Stewart of Pennsylvania addressed the
at length He entered upon the supec. iuy'
and with very enlarged views to the powers OF the ma
tional government, and 10 what were nation@ woks
Among his remarks was one, in substance tha the mu
tionnHy of a work should be judged OF by Congress
and that il Congress approved, ITS nationality should De
deemed BY the Executive decided upon.
Mr. ID ID Field, of New York, stated at length that he
did not hold view extended Mr.. Stewards; and
that il such views were 10 be pressed, the differences
would be found to be serious in the convention.
Mr. Field then gave at length what were ms views;
and amid much interruption and cross-qqesonng from
various members OF the convention said he was IN favor
OF appropriations for harbos, rivers lighthouses, and
buoys whenever there was no doubt OF their necessity
for the commerce OF the States; but when there was
doubt such appropriations ought not to be made Inc
Illinois river, being within one State, was not national
workihe Hudson river, not above port OF entry Har-
bors could not be made when nature did not design one
&C. These views were, in the main, counter to the
opinions of The convention, but listened to with as
much eananimity as could be expected in the west
Mr. Wright editor of the Cincinnati Gazette) came in
with the following report OF the committee appointed
draught resolutions expressive of the views of the
convention, which, he said, was adopted unanimously
no one dissenting.
fsderol government the following propositions, express
ng their own sentiments and those ofther constituents:
Firsi. That the constitution of the United States
framed by practical men Tor practical purposes declared in
its preamble ITO provide for the fence, pro
mote the general welfare and to secure the blessings ob
whose functions should and would be adequate the pro
tecinn OF the interests OF all the states, OF TWO
of them, which could not be maintained by the
action of the separated States that In strict accordance
with this object the derived from commerce
surrendered to the general government with the express
understanding that they should be applied to the promotion
OF those common Interests ,.
LIST Foreign commerce. 10 the regulation OF which
quaie and Internal trade and navigation wherever
the concurrence OF Two or more States was necessary to Its
should be equitably borne by two States, and
where, of course those States must necessarily have
grant of power Congress ito regulate commerce with
foreign nations and among the States"
Of power which denied the States respectively
Congress became obliged by every consideration of good
kinds of thus committed its care, by expand
ing and extending the means of conducting the and of
atording them all those facilities and all at protection
which the States individually would have afforded had the
revenue and I'd the authority been left to them
Fourth That this obligation has ever been recognised
from the foundation of the government, and has been full
filed partially by erecting lighthouses building piers for
tons in rivers and providing other facilities for the
carried on from the ports of The Atlantic and
in providing similar facilities for commerce among
the States" and that the principle has been empha-
caly Acknowledged to embrace the western lakes and riv
ers appropriations for numerous lighthouses upon the
which appropriations have never been questioned in Con-
gress as wanting constitutional authority.
Fifth That thus, by series ofaets which have received
the sanction Of the people othe United States and of every
tratons, the common understanding of the intent and OBJ
ects of the trainers of the constitution in granting Con-
ed, md has been confirmed by the people and this under
standing has become much part OF that instrument
any one OF its most explicit provisions
Sirh That the power "to regulate commerce with for
egn nations, and among the States and with the Indian
tribes on its fnce papaby applicable in its whole
extent to each Of subjects enumerated equally and in
The same manner as to render any attempt to make il
righul Application Of the power foreign by
,acilitans and projecting its operations by improving
ssenty deny that itequaly authorizes similar facilities
commerce Among the Staes.'
internal trade Tor the distribution OF its feghs and the
means OF paying for ,hem that whatever improves the
one advances the other and they insepaable that
they should be regarded That export from the
american shore to British port in Canada, is as much
and that expectation to Liverpool neither gains loses
any OF The characteristics Of foreign commerce by the d
rectness or crcuity of the route whether through
custon-house on the British side of the ST. Lawrence,
ocean, or whether it passes along the artificial commune
cations and natural streams OF any OF the States At
lantic.
Eighth. That the general governlpentby extending its
jurisdiction over lakes and navgable rivers, subecting
them TO the same laws which prevail on the and
Its bays and ports not only for purposes of revenue but
give security to NE and I,onery BY the regulation Of steam
tor any other legitimate regulation of II has
power to control and restrain have the same power
protect, assist and facilitate and If it denies the us
dcton In the one mode OF action it should il in
the other.
Ninth That in consequence of the peculiar dangers of
The navigation OF the lakes arising the want har-
bors to shelter, and OF the rivers, snags
other DISTINCTIONS there parts Of the United States
more empbatcaly demanding the prompt and continued
of the government diminish those dangers and pro.
ec the property and life exposed them and that ny
who regard provisions those purposes as sec
tiona, local. and not national. be wanting in infor-
NATION OF the extent OF the carried on upon those
lakes ana rivers and Of the amount of eeming population
occupied or interested in that navigation.
Tenth That having regard the relative populaon or
10 the extent of commerce. the appropriations heretofore
made for the interior rivers and lakes and
fair proportion to these made for the benefit of Atlantic
coast anu that tue time has arrived when this injustice
should he corrected in the only mode in which it be
ny lne uued determined, and efforts
those whose rights have been overlooked.
Eleventh Iha independent of this right protection of
commerce among the S'aies" the right of common de-
zess lnhabng the country bordering upon the interior
lakes and TO such safe and harbors
may aord shelter TO navy whenever shall be rendered
necessary by hostlites neighbors and that
construction OF such hcrbors cannot safely be DELAYED to
Tie time which viii demand its immediate use.
dmfJfh. lhut the argument most commonly urged
against appropriations 10 protect commerce among the
States and TO defend the Inhabitants the frontiers that
they invite sectional combinations insure success to
many unworthy objects, is founded practical disrus
OIL Inc republican principles of and of the
iesehtaliVes That II may be urged with equal force
ess m legislation upon other subject involving various
and extensive interests That Just appreciation of the
rghs and interests OF feow-citizens every quarter
OF INC unon dse'anng selfish and local purposes will
icao chHe, representatives to such distribution of the
means III ue treasury, upon of moderation and
ultimate equality will in time meet the most urgent
wants OF n and prevent iealousies and suspicious
Wch threaten The most danger our conederacy
ihuteenM ihat we are utterly incapable of perceiving
the oinefenee between tor shelter and h,rhor for
commerce; and suppose that or pier which will ai
oio safe anchorage and protection against
storm, must necessarily improve such harbo and adan, II
10 commercial purposes ~ p' -
to"reenh That the imports on foreign goods and the
Puoiic lands being The common heritage of all citizens
80 ong as nesc resources of
special burden portion of the people tn obtain az,
means OF accomplishing objects equally within the duty