davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1847-05-01
HARDWARE,
ESTATE OF JOHN MOORE, I'D.
STATE OF VERMONT.


Alta Probate Court holden at the Probate Of
flee in Danville, in said District, on the 18th
day of April, A. d. 1S47,
Jarvis JEWETT, Administrator of the
~ Estate of John Moore, Cd, late of Barnet,
in said district, deceased, presents to the Court
here his petition in writing, setting forth the a.
mount of debts due from said deceased, OF the
charges of administration, and of the value OF
the personal estate, representing that the per-
sonal estate is insufficient to pay said debts
and charges, and praying the Court here to
grant him license to sell the whole of the real
estate of said deceased, for the purpose of dis
charging said debts and charges-Whereupon
it is ordered by the Court here that said appli-
cation be heard and decided at II Probate Court
to be holden at the Probate Office in Danville
aforesaid, on the 10Th day of May, A. ID. lS4I,
at o'clock in the afternoon; and that SAID
Administrator cause all persons interested TO
be notified of said application, and of the time
and place of hearing, by publishing a copy OF
this order three weeks successfully IN the Cal
cdoninn, n newspaper printed at st, Johnsbury,
in said district, all of which publications shall
he previous TO the time of hearing.
5O7w3l Attest, NORMAN DAVIS, Register
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1847-05-01
CLOTHING WORKS.

TEJHE subscriber will sell, or rent for term
L. of years, the Clothing Works and Card
ing Machine at Irasburgh, belonging to the
estate of the late Roger Enos. The CardIng
Machine is said to be very superior. one ana q
the Clothing Works, with some repairs would
do Il good business. .....- ..-c
If rented, the occupant may pay part Oh
the rent in repairs upon the premises. Apply
to the subscriber in Burlington, or to H. M
Bates, Esq, in Irusburgh
Burlington, March, 90, 1s47. QUAR-
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1847-05-01
Stage Fare Reduced,

So DOLL& RS TO ALBANY ORTROY NY.
A LINE of Coaches leave Haverhill, N. III.
n every day at ~ noon, arriving at Albany,
n Y. next evening in season for the western
Boats.
Tickets can be obtained for SIS, 90 to Albany
OF Troy. l.. A. RUSSELL, A cent
Haverhill, N. H. Feb 90, 1916 3A5tf
LIBERATION. L have given my son,
~ James Harvey, his time, and shall claim
none of his wages, and pay no debts of his
contracting after this date
JOSEPH MASON.
Derby, March 30, lS41. 5OSw34
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1847-05-01

THEOPHILUS CIRCUIT, JR. ESTATE.
n ME subscribers having been appointed by
the Hon Probate Court for the District
of Caledonia, commissioners to receive, exam
inc and adj just the claims and demands OF all
persons against the Estate of Theophilus
Grout, jr. late of Kirby, in said District, de.
ceased, represented insolvent; and the term of
SIX months from the 18th day Of March, A. d.,
lS47, being allowed by said Court to the cred'
tors of said deceased to exhibit and prove their
respective claims before us-Do hereby give
notice that we will attend to the duties OF
our appointment at the dwelling house of wild
ow Hannah Grout, in said Kirby, in said dis
trict, on the last Saturday of May, lS4I, and
on the second Saturday of September, lsi7, at
10 o'clock forenoon, on each of said days
ALBERT w. BURROUGHS, Commits
JAMES CHURCH., sioners.
Dated at Kirby, this 9TH day of April,
lS47. 5O7w3
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1847-05-01
Railroad Line from Boston 10
Canada East.

Stages leave Franklin, N. H., daily, on the
arrival of the first train of cars from Bostor
passing through Plymouth, Franconia Note.
TO Littieton, to lodge first night Leave /
Teton ext morning at Se1eR, for Lyndon a.
passing through Waterford, and st, Johnayy
TO connect with Canada Stages passing through
Burke, Sutton, Sheffield, Wheelock, Glove,
Barton, Bloomington, Derby, to Stanseat
Canada East-rcturning opposite days Through
the above named places, making tally stage
from Stanstead to Boston, by the way of LII.
rLEroS, N. II. and FRAScoNIA MOUNTAINS.
The aJore is t,ceire miles the shortest rOut
from StaRStead to Boston, Fare as Cheap, aHs
as good teams and coaches, and quicker driver
than any other Stage Line from Boston to
Stanstead.
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1847-05-01
Chairs ! Chairs !

IN seat Dining Chairs, for sale by
49Qr f.. JEWETT * co.
N ITERATION. This ccrtifies that have
Il i given my son, ID. AFRO a. b. Sly, his time,
with liberty to transact business for himsclt;
from this date | shall claim none of his earn
ings, nor pay any debts Of his contracting.
JOHN SLY.
Rycgate, April 7, lSI7. 507w3*
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1847-05-01
also, STAGES LEAVE FRANKLIN
FOR DANVILLE, VT,

on the arrival of the first train of cars itoH
Boston, Mondays, Wednesdays, and Friday,
passing through Plymouth, Franconia Notch
60 Littleton, to lodge the first night, Lear
Littleton Tuesda Is, Thursdays, and Satu:
days, at screen, A. Nj, passing through Wate,
ford, and St. Johnsburv to Danville, Vt, and
returning opposite days through the aboy,
named places.
For further information inquire Of Agent,
at Franklin, and Drivers on the above Route,
and Cephas Bracket, Littlet,'n.
BRACKETT, MESSER, & co.
Jan. !, 1S47. 4H6m6
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1847-05-01
Concord Railroad.

siTa's7ss; zssSs17 ff=aa;lssis-, Ti.-t "a
-Sv(S "A 81 va
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1847-05-01
WiStar'S BaISam of Wild Cherry,

The great remedy for CONSUMPHON, and
die best Medicine knO,on to man far .3Sthma Of
Hrery stare, Lioer Complaints, bronchitis,
Influenza, Coughs, Cotds, biecdiHg IF the
Lungs, ShortneSS Of Breath, pains and
1ccakneSs in the side, JreaSt, &c. and
all other Diseases OfMe
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1847-05-01

BLANKS for sale 0tthis 0FfiCEs
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

s,y,din., till a great number was formed. w men
stndving the anatomy of these links he ascertained
thar there was a continuous tube running through
all-in fact an alimentary canal, but oranched IN
such a manner in every ring as to supply the ring
with substance. these brauchings oil the almeht
AIRY canal being at the same time sort oil ooon
vessels or organs of circulation. nut ne FOUND
moreover that in each ring there were seVeral nun
dreds of eggs. each having the true character ana
three essential parts OF an egg W heh these
bodies were cast then of course innumerable guam
tti.s of eggs escaped into the water and were
swallowed by the fishes with their food ms al
fords a perfectly clear solution OF the manner In
which those intestinal WORMS lind their way mlo
the bodies OF these fish
Az To the terrestrial animals IN whose ca'ities
intestinal worms are found. the same process taxes
place With the vegetables on which tney nve,
there are constantly conveyed INTO their aimentary
canal nnumerable quantities OF eggs. And now
we can also explain the reason why some animals
have one species of worms aud others other species
The alimentary canal Of some mas an iunuehcs
which the eggs of certain species cannot resist ana
they therefore perish while in other ANIMALS they
grow and propagate.
IL has been still farther ascertained thst these
eggs exist in the blood cavity nay they nave oeen
found circulating with the blood corpuscles oil Ger
tain nnimals-in the frog. for instance.
These researches of course require great patience
and care az they are attended with obvious diin'
culties but they have been repeated by comPe
tent observers and there be no doubt oil the ac'
curacy of the results. -,
All this shows US how defective the old classlh'
cations must of necessity be. Even Old DIVISIONS
Of intestinal worms can no longer be admitted
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

.,~. us "a reasoning on a sgpposition which has
been scattered 20 the winds. Applause be
cau.s one such fact well asccrtained-as that has
been and yoa will see that similar facts nave oeeh
well ascertsiued-is sufficient 10 destroy Tor ever
such theory. Another case adduced IN is'o' u
the theory Of spontaneous generation mas oeeh
shown 10 be equally untOunded in fact alude 10
the infu.oria But the rotfers also lsy eggs have
seen some rotifera living in the snow At the hight
eight aud ten thousand feet above the level OF tne
ses causing the snow OF higher mountains - be as
red as blood and presenting most beautiful appear
ance. This red snow Is only an accumulation OF mi
crusc0pc animals belonging % the class OF ro,lers
among intusOra. / have seen some OF these laying
eggs | have had the good fortune 10 have been
able to trace some Of the changes in these eggs.
not all of them SO thSt | mention here al mper
feet series Of observations because can stand tor
that. but other Observation-Disclosures In particular
who has made that beautiful history IN fact created
the natural history OF infusorla-hsve completed
the researches on this subject Ehrenbers has seen
rotiiera LAYING eggs an hundred times be has seen
the young form and grow within the egg He has
not only seen them grow. but he has traced them
for a series of generations. individuals which be
grew from eggs he has seen laying eggs. he has
seen them for three. four. SIX. ten generations he
has even seen individuals arising from stoc from
which millions have been derived, and now, assin'
! ask. what remains OF the theory OF spontaneous
generation Loud appausel
But there are other intestinal worms tor whose
presence IN other animals as parasites It Is not 50
easy to account. These are found IN the eyes OF
almost all fishes and in other portions of the body
How they were introduced is a question which
could scarcely be answered, were IL not tor the
discoveries Of dstins uished Professor OF Natural
History in Copenhagen. The reporter did MOP
catch the name He traced them IN fishes 50 az
TO BE- able at a moments notice TO kill sufficient
number Of fishes and examine the condition OF the
intestinal worms within each animal Heiound that
in the scopin Of the Baltic at acerialn epoch there
were always very large tenia IN the shmeutary
canal while AT other seasons there were none 10
be found He sscertained for e series OF years,
that the presence Of these teuia was periodical
and he knew at what season he could Ind them
and in what condition he would find them
The moment that he ascertained this prehm'
mary fact, which cost years OF patient invesn
CATION ne went on tracing still farther the phe
nomena. till he discovered that these animals
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

worms, bat only the sacs in
which the actual worms are
found.
In fact. the whole classliica
ZION of this type Of the Animal
Kingdom should be rewritten
aud made to accord with the re
suits OF recent investigation and
discovery.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

there are several ganglia. and when comparing the
nervous system OF the Daruacles with that Of the
greater number Of mOllusca, sIt = .th that OF the
greater number Of other articuated animals twas
found that this very great PECULIARLY constituted
the most striking difference between them. From
that time IL vas suspected thar, though the barna
ces were supplied with shells they might Vet be.
long n the srticuleted animals. A British natural
ist-Mr. Thompson of COrk-when engaged in the
study Of the barnacles found that the Young when
escaping fom the egg, IS true crustaceous All.
nal; precisely like othe. crustaceous animals and
fixing itself only after certain time, when the
shells are formed 10 protect it and combine in such
manner with the animal as 70 give it an external
resemblance 10 the mollusca. But the internal
structure is entirely different So there is no doubt
that the bsrDacles. considered a class Of mollus
ca by Cuvier do not only not form 4 class By them
selves bat are true crustacea- This change in the
classification is made necessary by those recent re
searches into the structure Of the nervous system
Of barnscles and into the grow tn aud metamorpho
SIS Of the young. But II has not yet been effected
IN general works.
Through the kindness Of Professor Watts. ! am
enabled 70 show this beautiful preparation, Illus
trative Of the structure Of the artic1lsted animals
This is a large ScoloDendra where the divisions Of
the body into transverse sections. and movable
rings. with appendsges each side IN the form OF
feet, seen much more distinctly than they could
be perceived IN any insect
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

liver which has been descrlbed IN the class q IN
tcstnal worms underline name of Disf0ma Hepati-
cum.
Several other worms are found 70 enter the alb
dOminal cavity in the same way. have lately
seen some Of those penetrating into the gils. One
of the gentlemen present saw it within the flesh Of
the abdominal wall, penetrating through the flesh
and reaching the internal organs 1t had nearly
gone through the whole thickness Of the fish, and
was about to reach the abdominal cavity when the
fish was opened. SO that in the case of the dis
toma the way 10 which these worms penetrate into
the cavities of other animals is well known. do
not say that all intestinal worms are introduced in
the same way into the alimentary canal those and
not found in the aimentary canal but found in the
organs Of the abdominal cavity We shall see in
what manner others introduced into these cavi-
ties. WHAT still more curious is that this distoma
after it has been in the cavity OF the body will lay
eggs and these eggs have very singular structure.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

Within the egg we see young
one formed which has that shape.
The moment the shell Of the
cgg breaks the new individual
escapes. and here there are nu-
merous vibratory ella by which
Il moves with great rapidity, in
a manner 50 similar 10 some Of
the rotifera that | do not doubt
Tor a moment that many Of them
are only embryos Of these in.
testinal worms. But even with.
in the egg we see through
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

wesee a suckcr-a mouth whicu
il small. The intestinal tube
still retains its bifurcated form
But here is another large sucker
formed. and with these two
suckers the animal walks over
the inside of the abdominal cav
its, over the organs in a manner
similar to the lcech. and likes II
self upon the liver, which it pen
etrates. and we have there tha
common intestinal worm of Oh,
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

m0Ilusc and there they l0rm Ilttle cysls N winch
they bury themselves. Fixing thems elves on the
skin by means Of these suckers, they produce
sind OF irritation. The mucus is sccreted in large
quantities aud accumulates around them. forming
kind OF cell in which they are buried They remain
there cured up In such sac, aud may be found in
great abundance in the skin after the mucuI has
been removed
During time they are buried in that way in these
seas. they undergo a metamorphoss similar 10 that
Of the caterpillar which is TO be changed into but
terfy. The tail is cast and a circle of folds is
formed around the head. and we have then an ami
NAL of such form which escapes from these little
sacs. The animal then penetrates into the skin
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

This is only one state Of an ami
NAL. 50 that it must be combined
with that class instead OF forming
an independent division. SO with
others which belong to the disto-
ma, which, as we have seen, un'
dergoes many changes. but is
still the same animal. Then we
have the Cystiea. which perhaps
.ra nor real
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

. NNAA' "
You see here n long tail
like appendage. Here the
tail is shorter-the head
very distinct. All these
appendages can be com
bined together, and we find
them to be very analogous.
It is in the worms that we
can best understand what
they are, and | shall defer
these details till | come to
snaoh of tho worlns
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

PiONuSlb- lbulFiuuaIs uii
ierent from the mother, and 50 for
three generations, till at last we
have the form Of the common
intestinal worm, which reaches
the internal cavity and there be-
comes a parasite.
How difhcalt 70 identify ell the
successive generations. when
each generation in its metsn'or-
phosis assumes such different
isrmsl But when the gredf
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

grand faiheT Is repf0d1eeu ia ZIG NV"
all doubt must end.
Wbatremains then of the theory OF spontaneous
generation Ii is gone foreveri Every one no"
VIII attempts 10 reason on spontaneous generation
LOWS that he is reasoning on what las no exist
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

which are exceedingly long
with a small head, a very
slender neck aud thin body
Of extraordinary length, dl
vided into transverse artlcu
lations-csst. at certain sea.
sons. the greater portion OF
their body, and that he
could produce it by dividing
this portion of the head, the
articulations dividing and
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

All the rings have feet.
The number OF them may
-each hundreds, even Sc
geral thousands. When
here are appendages
hey are soft, as indeed 10
general the covering of
he worm ia soft. The
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

1t is only recently
that a young French
naturalist found that
there ws- . nervous
system in all intesti
nal worms, evea where
least expected, and
found that it differed
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

License QUESTION ~ NEw.JERsEY.-The cleo
Ton to determine, BY townships whether they Will have
any licenses for the sse Of Intoxicating llquors
granted for their respective townships ornot viii take
-l,es on the first Tuesday (the 7th) of December.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

formed which become numerous
and grow. We see some as
suming a peculiar form. We
see through this body new indi
yiduals formed inside, which have
a form somewhat different from
that. When ripe TO escape. their
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

rings are also soft so that the body OF these animals
has less constant form than other artculated ami
mails
In insects, if several rings are combined, we
usually see the body divided into two or three
t.r,nna thru.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

movable on tbs one. Many Of the afticulated All
mails have all their rings uniform and very numerous
So it is with worms Others have appendages 70
these rings Of very varied form. In some these
appendages are even very complicated. Ia some
insects with rings there are asmanv feet as rines
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

cape, We have this animal. the
common Cercaria the third gen
GRAFTON from the egg Of the disto-
ma. (Applause.l / have DO part
iu these beautiful discoveries /
only relate them. iApplause. -
Here we have animals Of sue-
cessive generations undergoing
in each generation a series OF
metlmorphoses. We have three
skernate generations each IN
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

and out OF Il comes sIugglsh worm, moving very
slowly, which grows and grows, and We see
within that these extraordinary phenomena which
alsts would be well deemed Incredible The
moment the skin is cast we have very slug
gi.h animal OF that shane We now see eggs
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

form likethis
And now they
escape, and
now they grow
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

Here is the articuls
ton, but the ring does
not pass across the
whole. There is a fold,
and the next rIngisso
The membrane here j.
thinner and allows a
fold 70 be formed. and
so the next ring il
HH a..
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

You will recoect the characteristics of the
radiated animals Bear then in mind now that |
direct your attention to the structure OF tho mites
final worms which are now classed not with the
radated but the articnlated animals.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

dOmlual cavity, en'0'in5 e''" INV '"0'' 'e"'
These folds then disappear and the anterior re-
-, 81 81, animal assumes another form. Here
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09
NEIy-YORK TRIBUNE.


The Philadelphia North american has the fol
swing telegrsphic dispatch from Cincinnati;
.On Saturday November -. HENRY CLAY will speak
,Iexingtop Ky on the Mexican war, It's authors and
Sjects'
This announcement will be received with great
pleasure throughout the country, and we shall look
ir report of the Speech with the deepest interest
The North american says it has taken such steps
Is will enable it to lay the earliest and fullest re-
port Of it before the public.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

The body is divided trans
yersely. Every one Of these
divisions forms a protectingring
Of horny substance. Here We
have no calcareous substance
only in some Holsters. In some
OF the crustacea the shield Is
hard and contains limestone.-
ed together for membrane.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

a minute size. These worms
have this form. Here is a kind
II sucker Here the alimentary
csusl. dividing into two tubes Ia
that way-a iorked slimentary
canal At particular seasons
these worms Tx themselves upon
the skin Of this shell-hsh and
within the mucus which sur
rounds il. They swim in innu
merable quantities in the water
ull they tx themselves upon this
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

with these folds, which are harder
than the outer portion of the sni-
NAL. 1t bores rs way into the
skin aud passes through the skin,
aud enters into the wall Of the On.
imal, and passes across the wall
OF the animal and enters into the
abdominal cavity, and reaches
the organs contained in the alb
terip0 even into these organs
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-09

worms HdimiHthcs that is their systematic name.
They have been the subject Of many specuiations
How DO they come % exist IN the bodies 81 other
animals HoE can they be introduced into csyi.
ties perfectly closed And II they cannot be intro
duced into those close cavities. how are they pro.
duced within those cavities These were ques-
tions which were apparently answered in qaite
satisfactory manner and the reply-these worms
originate where they are found. That was the com
mon solution Of these questions and IN fact II has
TIL recently been believed that intestinal worms
originated. in particular circumstances. within the
bodies Of animals, within the slimentary canal
within the surface Of the abdominal cavity OF ami.
mais in which they are found But that true This
statement rested merely on assertion and no one
made observations 80 as TO prove that the sni
mails had been produced where they were found. IL
was only because it could not be explained or
shown how they were introduced that il was quite
generally admitted that intestinal worms originated
where they were found. But recent researches
have explained the way in which these animals are
introduced into the cavity OF other animals.
! Wi give the history Of one OF them. and then
show what conclusions may be educed. and then
give some details OF other divisions OF worms.
The history OF the intestinal worms is most inter
esting. owing 10 the fact that they have been re
gardei afiording the most striking example Of
spontaneous generation. This mode Of formation
without apparent cause has been called sponta
neous generation-the intestinal worms. as also IN