The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1847-07-30

ny CAPT JOHNSTON, ATTACHED TO GEN KEARNY's CORPS.
(Coneludsd from Wednesdays Unon)

ny CAPT JOHNSTON, ATTACHED TO GEN KEARNYs CORPS
(Coneluded from Wednesdays Union.)
NovsmSsr lath.-Awoke this morning to hear the crow
ing Of the cock and the baying of the Watchdog re-
mndng OF civilization aar OF in the green valleys o.
our country. We waited until before starting; len
mules with the chief Don antoine whose Ss a ss
ments of the Pmos and Cocomarcopas, which are all
south OF the ella, and encamped beyond hem-distance
fifteen mes-under the base OF mountain lying west OF
their villages The houses of these Indians all built
alike rib work of poles twelve fifteen feet in diam
put up matched with straw, and then covered on
top with dirt in the centre of this they build their fires
This is the winter lodge; they make sheds with forks
and them with flat roofs OF willow rods for sum
mer shelters The heat is. doubt very intense here IN
on the soil bareooted The Indians exhibit no symptoms
Of tacurnity but, on the contrary give vent 70 their
thoughts and feelings without reason laughing ana cha!-
ting togcther and parcel OF young girls WIN long na
streaming to their waists, and with no other covering
than clean white blanket folded around their
middle and extending to their knees were merry as any
group OF like age and sex TO be met with in our own
country The Pimos and Cocomarcopas have only re-
Gently got together The fable OF the Pmos is, that then
first parent caught up to heaven, and from that time
God lost sight OF them and they wandered to the west
that they from the rising sun; the others found
themselves on the Colorado and have since gradually
got here by following the CHA They are evident
~ different race; speak entirely different tongues
but have adopted the same costume and apparently the
same habits Their houses alike, and they unite in
good principles The chief of the Pmos sand TO the Gen
eral that God had placed him over his people, and he
endeavored to Go the best for them lie gave them good
they nan fdtlerS anu grann1aneTS VINO
them good advice also They were told TO lake nothing
but what belonged to them, and to ever speak the truth
They desired to be at peace with every one Therefore
would not Join the bleXicans our difficulties
He shook hands with us, and babe us welcome, and
hoped we might have good luck on our Journey lie
said we would find the chief of the Maricopas man
like himself and one who gave similar counsel to his
people On our road the Interpreter OF the Mancopas
said the fiat land could across the ella towards
the mountains through which debouche the Salt and san
Francisco rivers, is filled with ancient ruins, and that
some OF the houses still standing that their people
know nothing of the builders of them. Our route was
through the plain, overgrown, when il was not cult
waited, with Fremontii or musquet nc. "A string OF cot
ton woods border the river, and throughout the country
there are no other trees The road was dusty and dry
our camp extensive pasture, reaching for miles
der the mountain The vast number OF people who once
lived in this country, shown by the ruins, proves that
by irrigation, il might sustain numerous people; but
its resources will not be called into play by people,
until thousands of of unoccuped land have been
taken mp elsewhere, unless this should get value as
high point between the two Oceans-a thing no doubt
perfectly favorable OF capital and energy should
undertake to open route between Galveston and China
The long hair of the men OF the Pos and Cocomarcopas
is remarkable, reaching TO their waist They put it up in
twist and coil it their heads at times al others
it hangs down the back 1t is cut straight the
the sun The men and women both have long hair but
the men the longest. They sometimes put up tur-
ban, with mud ; grows very thick.
November i3h.-Lay in camp until -, preparatory
to taking the journey of 40 miles without water The
I'd chief OF the Cocomaricopas visited the General, the
1s being lame. He said we had his peoples that they
e s peoe o us
vsons it good to do So people should exchange
when they had articles to trade but we had come here
hungry and poor would have been his pleasure to give
us all we wanted without compensation Afterward the
chief in, and offered like expressions of friend
ship and peace. For want of an Interpreter, an old
woman, with fine countenance, was taken. She had
half ola watermelon in her arms and was naked except
cloth from her waist to her knees-a state of nudity
which would seem inconsistent with modesty b9t mere
she proved that modesy is independent of refined taste
for she took upon herself the office OF interpreter and per-
formed it reluctantly, but with very becoming modesty
of manner. After making the chief small present.
prepared TO start bringing our animals up and watering
them at well which we had dug-some of them drink
ing three paisful of water as in anticipation OF long
reach without it. We started at IL TO cross the Tesota
or forty miles without water or grass on route lay 10
the south OF the mountains below the Pimos, on the
south side Of the river ella For the first two miles we
had grass plain of salt grass The ground in places
crsted with salt, and occasional pools of water AS
rose the slope of the higher ground found the gravel
of disintegraed granite; but granite STU, which
was our footing for many miles-bushes and peteya
growing upon it, but nc grass Alter progressing four
five miles, the eye turned back, took in at glance the
vast plain the mountains the San Francisco, the Salt
river and the mountains towards Tucson limiting,
cent in few gaps towards the southeast where il was
bounded by the horizon This plain had been the
aSs to o. the ps wess the s SOIL a
our march west, and lay by at dark and tied ami
mails fast to the stink wood bushes for there was no
grass. Here rested until o'clock in the morning
November l5M.--It rained quite briskly last
nght-the second rain since left Santa Fee The
cloud Made its appearance the northwest on the
mountains; the wind southeast So it is probable the
of the rain lay to the north of u.s. We may find
10 have waered the desert on the north side OF the Col
orado Lay by all day, to give animals chance to
recruit little; killed beef in the evening. We have
two lefnot being very successful in buying them from
The Pimos--nstead OF eight got four. They were
unwilling to sell them for anything but beads. forgot
to ask the Pimos tor numerals beyond 10; but have
never yet seen tribe Il have seen hundreds) which
did not make of decimals--compoundng all higher
NH from ten we do Whether
first invention, to the natural digts, know not.
November ;SM-Marched al quarter past s. and passed
close TO rock Of basat, upon which various Americans
had scratched their initials and names. This point Car
called 'lndependence Rock Here there had been
little grass, which had been graZed of. We travelled
sixteen miles, and found a good moorlng place in
tabeland for miles, and encamped the left bank of
The river al scany camp in slough containing pools OF
wafer with salt The best OF here from
raouItain 10 mountain. about IS miles, with plains
Ming up between the peaks This table land composed OF
small pebbles, lof all the rocks have the Gila)
very much rounded by attrition These cemened by
carbonate of lime into concrete about hard as what
would be made by common mortar; The peaks on both
sides of the river very rugged, particularly on the
north. ono Of them looking like large city on bill
three or four miles below camp. On the plain near
the ella is black pyramid OF basai standing isolated
and about 800 feet high On the high plain found
little tufts OF grass under the punches OF Fremont the
country almost barG and only an occasional musquet
uee, and tree the mountain On the plains of the
river this morning, saw some signs OF former habitaon
hut very little. Two of our mules were abandoned to-
day.
November 19h-Awoke at day-dawn as usual, and
found ceh half an inch thick the M vcolI Na