The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1847-10-20

Contagious raPiuity itnau enQeav0r TO give
you brief but accurate sketch Of the actual state of
political progress made in Italy at the moment write
but you must remember that the progress is SO rapid
that before this letter reaches you the entire face Of
things may be altered.
Well, then in the pontifcal States, which, happily for
the progress OF REFORM occupy all the central portion Of
this peninsular the reform began with the spontane
o@ movements OF the Pope himself The National
Guard has been established both in capital and the
provinces on the most liberal principes All citizens
capable OF bearing arms qualified to serve but the
lsborng classes are only liable be called out on emer
gencirs The officers elected by the men the arms
ana acGoaremsnts supplied BY the State, the uniform
(where II Ia used) provided by the men
Municipal constitutions are in progress of erganiza.
ton In all the towns The provinces will send
or % Rome where general counsel Of
press recognized subject only to such
Indispensable in country from which newspapers
into which inexperienced journalism liable to fall
and there LIS no doubt that the journalists
press becomes nuisance instead Of benefit their
sorship will be removed
The question of still remains without satisfac-
tory solution Hitherto that city has been occupied by
the Austri troops. The right of Austria to keep
garrison In the citadel conceded by the tresty Of
vienna or But she insists that this right extended
to the town itself and has acted accordingly ssxng
guard houses and bsrrsoks and placing entinss
on the part well Of his as of the people Pro-
tests and diplomatic notes have been interchanged but
no arrangement effected At the moment that write
we Wear that God has done for what man refused
The srian troops ut Ferrara have been struck with
that tbs awmsndsr, finding that he cannot man the
posts has been compelled to evacuae the guard houses
and the barracks and conne his troops to the citadel
If this report be trle, great difficulty will be removed
Next to the Roman State Tuscany has been foremost
in the work Of reform Che natioas guard has been
etituted there on the same footing here journalism
10 established under tbs mest control of censorship;
and several newspapers published in Florence Leg
DUKE Leopold has himself with these reforms
and popular almost with bis SUBJECTS as the rope
The Duke Of Luccha has been reluctantly brought
to acquisscs in = system Of reform similar to that
Of Tuscany This feeble and pusllanmous prince,
after yacating for q considerable time be-
tween liberal and reactive course, was ut length
compelled yield necessity and consent to authorize
his ministers to follow the course adopted at Forence
but such vas his nvesrats hatred Of all liberal prin
cples that he fed from his Duchy, leaving council Of
eets Of reform After be had got out OF bis own terri
tory he published proclamation disavowng all that he
had sanctioned and We are now expecting hourly to
he has marched back to his principally with
Aus,ra army.
In the ssrdnisn States nothing positive has yet been
constitutional principles The Gazette PiedmOntese.
which is the organ Of the government, is the only
paper allowed. but 1t Is conducted in very liberal man.
ner The articles from the Roman and Tuscan journals
copied into it, well those from the French and
ton to aid him both with his army and If Ne should
his independence violated by Austria other
people indication has been yet given of the nen-
tion to adopt any Of the great political and admnstra
tive which have been effected in the nsighbor-
ing States Nevertheless strong hopes entertained
that the is not far distant when these will
bs adopted in Piedmont
In the small princpaity of Parma and the larger
of Modena hope has yet been held out of
Still less in that fine portion Of northern Italy, the
Milanese and Venice, which pine under Austrian des.
potism The population groans under the iron yoke
viii Expresses it, but the vast military
manded its rulers destroy all hope, for the present.
In the Nespetan territory is in high nsurrec.
ton, including sicily The insurgents the Gala
bas have broken out and been suppressed alternate
y at various points Of Sicily large portion of the terri
tory is now under system Of terror and military
ties committed by the Neapoitan government Rewards
and honors offered public proclamation to all who
shall be bnse enough to betray the confidence which
may be reposed In them by the insurgents Persons
all ranks and conditions suspected of favorng the
nsurection brought out at the caprice Of the local
military commanders In the provinces, and shot The
insurgents are, nevertheless increasing in force and
numbers. An engagement has JUS. taken place In the
part Caabra near Greece in which the
troops worsted--one hundred and forty men, in
GLIDING u colonel and fourteen officers being killed or
prisoners. After this affair the commander Of the in-
sureeote apcrsen named Romeo a message to the
commander OF the royal troops, proposing exchas
of prisoners The answer to this that the proposal
late all the prisoners had been already shot,
in accordance with ths general orders given by the
King or course, Romeo, on receiving this reply,
ana had them instantly shot Such is u sample Of the
enacted In the dsmnions Of the King Of the
TO conceal these things from the Of the world
Efforts ere made by the government to surround the
countrv GORDON, which snail intercept the
mission OF Intelligence no newspapers allowed to be
prnted le ut the post office addressed to foreign
places are op, >oed read, and Intercepted, at the
pleasure OF the government; and their writer's,
ppsrhans. thrown into the castle of st. Eluoo
The most incredible system Of corruption and
yy.nay prevails 10 pSsoss Of nnSc sna
notorious sale The Kings con'esor Is the great factor
OF court patronage He, in copJuastion with Two or
every description are bought every DAY place the
other day, sold for forty tho wand ducats! Ten
Thousand is price, but for nlerior omceS tney
do decline to accept the smallest 81 ms
AT the of closing this letter. We learn that the
utmost excitement prevails in Naples its ana that
general outbreak OF the people is hourly expected The
guns the castle st Euco and the other iorts are
kept constantly loaded with grape and pointed on The
and the officers in command are ordered 10 Keep
the always ready and to fire on the people the
moment any movement Is manifested Nevertheless, II
Is said troops be- depended on to act
against the population and, consequently all Is uneer
tainty and terror.
MADRID, September "a, ls47.
EDITOR OF THE N. Y. HERALp--
Here still in o work of palace intrigue
You have already heard Of General Narvaez the Ambss
sador Paris being recalled to Madrid and Of his fail
ure form cabinet according to the wishes of Louis
Philippe and Queen Christina. Of mongrel cabi
net, half liberal and haf conservative then formed
under the auspices Of M. Salamanca, the banker and
hnaucier and has hitherto held its position in
of quescent equilibrium produced by the antagonist ell
ements of which it is composed. Its debut, however,
gave it little eclat 1t opened with most liberal
amnesty extending to persons of all opinions, to
The Carists Having issued that it stopped short,
though 1t were frightened at the magnitude of its
exertlon, and has since then been doing nothing
Nowit threatened with dissolution, and 1t II not
Impossible that before close this letter shall have
anDouncs to you new ministry
The dome sic relations Of the Queen and the King
mn. sort, remain unatered The latter resolutely
f, q live under the roof with his royal spouse.
All the sntrestes Of the ministers have been urged In
4 10 IAo Io q 10
snail nalacs ,r hunting lodge not far from Madrid He
dr,vsa INTO tow twice thrice week, to visit his
brothers who reside at the palace of his father
bnf n the s occasi he goes the Royal pa
i ia WHARF, his vouth VI Queen stays. thousand sto-
ss are current ga TO Of this curious state Of
things some OF which told you In my former let
tsrs General serrano h. >udsome dashng soldier Of
two and thirty is high ct the palace although
he hoas puoc office in the government NO minis
try hope 20 without his f4Vor In all changes
which are mplated he is consulted even than
the Queen herself for it Is well known thst whatever De