The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1847-07-27
THE UNION.

hills, to let the Apaches know coming, and to
invite them in. The mountain peaks on the lett oil the
road, capped with trap, and the trees more numerous
and lofty We are approaching the mining region OF the
copper Mines and abundance Of fuel is provided East
OF the coppermnes high cap OF trap rock OF puis
gray tnge, irregular columnar structure ms same
seam descends and the valley north OF the copper
mines East OF this is dark OF patonc rock, re-
semblng in appearance Quincy granite, but OF different
materials; and in the valley west OF the hill OF trap
whsh rock scanned like marble veins, with the ore OF
copper, furnishes the great cobre, or copper mine
once worked extensively and the metal was 80 rich
in gold that it bore transportation to the CITY OF Mexico
for the filming furnace The remains of the establish
ment consist OF quantity OF adobe houses, and piles
of charcoal and ashes, and drifts.
October lgthVisted the copper mines, and examined
the old excavations The OF suphuret OF copper
run through whsh scious rock, like the blue veins
running through white marble they vary IN then knees,
but traverse the whole substance The rock breaks easily
and the pick appears to be the only tool used formerly
Occasional veins of pure "copper" very yellow from the
quantity of gold II contains, traverse the whole mass
the rollers lying the NINE masses OF the blue
many of the abandoned chambers OF the mine; in others,
the flies had perched themselves IN great numbers, TO
pass the winter The fort which was built to defend the
mines was built in shape OF an equlateral triangle with
round towers at the corners; IT was built OF adobe with
walls four feet thick The fort was still IN toerab!e
preservation; remains OF the furnaces were lett
and piles of cnders but idea could be formed OF the
manner of smelling the ore, except that CHARCOAL IN
quantities, used Several hundred dollars worth OF
had been got ready for smelling when the place was
abandoned. Mcknight, who was for nine years pms,
in Chihuahua made fortune here, and abandoned
the mines consequence of the Apache Indians cutting
off his supplies AT time they took eighty pack
mules from him. (authory, Carsono lhe mlne Is very
abundant and pasture fine, and many lands which Will
furnish breadsufs by cultivation. Wood is very album
dant and particularly in the vicinity Leaving the cop
per-mnes, the rocky show iron IN the
greatest abundance; then, going west we came to the
blue limestone standing vertical, ranging SOUTH, and
bent so as TO lie level west Through the seams Of this
limestone some gneous rocks had been nterected, and
occasional masses OF iron similar to that seen on the
Blue and False Washita rivers Then we came to a
mountain mass OF the same rock as OF the coPPer-mness
From this westward, we came upon an amygdaod OF all
sorts OF gneous volcanic rocks The hills were not
very lofty; SO that gradually passed the great back
H thea apnd Pegs
out to march fifteen miles to San Vlcenta spring; but
finding no grass, he came on, expecting to lind water-a
Spanish guide said at three leagues but it proved to be
fifteen miles further where all arrived after night
Before we left the copper some Apaches showed
themselves; and as we came oft, they rode upon hill
commenced calling out to mot TO be afraid but
on" We replied, at is yoa that afraid. Why don't
you come onf They then approached, but motlcned us
all back but the guide Carson, until he had talk and
satisfied them. Some OF mules gave out to-day.
Three Apaches came to camp. Distance, 80 miles
October 20M.-The Apaches came to us this morning,
as we did not start until late Red Sleeve came with f.
teen or twenty persons, some women they ride small
but fine horses. The high roads leading from this noun
tain to Sonora and California show whence they
they partly clothed like the Spaniards, with wide
drawers, moccasns and leggns to the knees they carry
knife, frequently in the right laggin on the outside
their moccasns have turnedup square toes their hair is
long, and mostly they have no head dress some have
hats, fantastic helmets; they have guns, but
mostly armed with ances and bows and arrows, their
ances pointed with stone points Carson remarked yes
ter;ay, that henever knew how fine weapon the bow
and arrow was until he had them fired at him in the
night at that time they than firearms, for
they are fired by the feel rather than the arms. The
vegetation westward from the copperm mines grows thin
until get TO the Sierra del Buno which is noun
tain covered black with forest growth the pine is
found here live oak, three kinds the CANA and other
fine grasses, some resembling timothy A rain storm
passed by the heads of the ella last night it the first
we have seen since we left Santa Fe; although high
winds and heavy lightning betbkened distant storms
ns mules Is dull work With the Aaohes Red
Sleeve, Black Knife and asady, the three principal
chiefs OF the APaches on the west of the Del Nore, So
is the headman OF those the east of the Del Norle
There Is another band about southwest OF this the
Panqatong mountain another band The Apaches near
Taos OF the stock with thesetheir Whole people
have not been together for long time The General
gave Red Sleeve and two other chiefs papers to show
he had talked with them, and that they had promised
perpetual friendship with the Americans they seemed
all anxious to conciate the Americans, and they did
not forget the Shawnees; the copper mines their
country which lies north of the 32d degree north latitude
Marched at IL m. and descended narrow winding val
ley with brisk running stream, two three feet wlde
meanderng through It, with few trees occasionally,
and very tall grass We found two small patches where
the AaCneS lau made corn the nils were hIyh eaCn
side composed of rugged of volcanic rock and
very few trees We followed this creek for five miles,
and fell upon the famous Gila beautiful mountain
stream about thirty feet wde and foot deep on the
shadows, with clear water and pebbly bed frnged with
trees and hemmed IN by mountains the bottom not more
than mile wide. The signs of beaver, the bear. the
DEER and the turkey besides the tracks of herds OF Indian
horses, were plain to be seen on the sand We came
down the river about u miles more, about SOUTH and
encanped at the head Of one Of its caons preparatory to
long Journey over rocky hills tomorrow Norhward
from where struck the river open country lying
in which it is said the Salt forks also head Our camp
well supplied with fine fish from the river re-
sembng little the black bass; its flesh not firm but
very delicate. The California quail abounds in the bot
toms. sort of sycamore tree made its appearance
here it has bark precisely like sycamore tree
button wood, and leaf resembling the maple; the
leaves yellow with the FROST they OF the
most deciduous plants Found some of the fruit of the
black walnut Of this country is about half the size of
our black walnut, and not rough the outside ours,
but shows the veins of the of the outer bark the
roses the hops, musques, and poison oaks looked IA
miliar and some other plants known in the United
States, unknown. Just leavisy
camp day, old Apache chief in and harangued
the General thus: "You have taken Santa Fe let us go
on and take Chihuahua and Sonora we will go with
you You fight for the soul, fight for plumber,
will agree perfectly their people bad Christians, let
us give them good hrashing &C." Marched u miles,
and encamped at the upper end of canon, through which
could not travel to night grass good.
ITO be continually
Gaivnnism Uersus Disease.