Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, IA [i.e. Ind.]) 1839-1854, 1847-12-13

3 =
reason is perceived why they should be longer
held at rates above their real value. Al Tins Pc
riod, additional reason exists for adopting the
measure recomme nted- When the country IS
engaged ia foreign war, and we must nfcessa-
rv resort to loans, it would seem 20 be the die
tate Of wisdom that we should avail ourselves Of
all our resources, and thus limit the amount 81
tie public Indebtedness TO the lowest possible
sum.
| recommend that the existing laws the
subject Of presumption rights, be amended 50 as
to operate prospectveiy, aud to embrace all who
may settle upon the public lands, and make I'M
prorernents npon them before they are surveyed,
well aftersaE in all cases where such set
Elements may be made after the Indian title shall
have been rxtingnisiIrd.
If the right of pre-c rnption be thus extended.
il Will embrace large aud mcritorious class OF
citizens. II viii increase the number Of
small ireeholters upon our borders, who viii be
enabled thereby to educate thelr children, and
otherwise improve their condition. while they
viii be always found. in the hour Of danger to
country. arnoug the best of oar volunteer
soldiers; ever ready to tender their services II
cases of emergency. and the last to leave the
field as long an enemy romans 10 be "ncoHn-
tered. Such policy will ais. impress those pio-
neer emigrants will! deepsr feelings Of gratitude
for the parental care Of their government, when
thew fad their dearest interests secured 20 then:
BY the permanent laws Of the land; and tn they
are no longer IN danger OF losing their houses
and hard earned iuprovcme nts. by being brought
into competition wlth more wealthy class OF
purchasers Il, The land sales
The attention OF Congress invited At their
Y last, nnt Is again at the present session to the
/ importance Of establishing Territorial Govern
inent over our possessions IN Oregon; and ii IS to
b. tcgr" tied ihtt there no Legislation upon
the subject. our citizens who inhabIt that dis
tint region Of country are still left without the
protection Of orr laws. any regularly organ
izci government Before the question Of the
limits ana boundaries Of the territory Of Oregon
definitely settled, from the necessity Of their
Of II lei hfHr or
ted a temporary government Of their own. Be-
sidcs the want of legal authority for continuing
such government it IS wholly Inadequate to
protect them in their rights OF person and prop
rrt Y, to secure 10 them the privileges and en-
Iovment of other citizens 10 which either en-
titled under the constitution Of the nited
St1tes. They should have the right of suffrage,
be represented IN Territorial Legislature. and
by Delegate in Congress, possess tn" rights
and privileges, that citizens of the nIted states
have heretofore enjoyed, or may now ENJOY.
Our judicial syster--revenue lans-iaws re-
gart.lp, traIe aud intercourse with the Indian
tftbes--ant the protection of our laws generally,
should he cxtcnded over them
Ia addition to the inhabitants Of that Terrific
rv, who had previously emigrAicd 70 i. large
numbers of our citizens have followed them du
ring the present year. and it is not doubted that.
during the next year, their numbers will be great
l. increased.
Congress, at It's last session, estab'i, she'd post
routes l'ading tn Oregon, ANA between different .
points within that territory; and authorized the .
establishment Of post officers Astoria and such
other places on the coast of the Pacific within
tIe territory of the United States rs the public
interest may require. Post Offices hnv. accord
ingly been established deputy Post APP
utrd.amd provision made for the tralIsporta-
lion If the mails.
The reservation Of peace with the lnfian
tribes resi- 'ng west Of the Rocky mountains,
Will render II PROPER that authority should be
given bv law for -. appointment of an adequate
number of Indian agen'5 to reside among thrih.
% Dr re al :
be established in that Tcrrit"'Y' ana mat ''ie
public lands be surveyed, and br,'Gh INTO mar
krt ut an early period.
recommend, also. that grants upon. '1peFa' /
terms, OF limited Quantities Of the public IL '"S
he made to all citizens OF the United States whn- :
have ens'rrated, or who may hereafter, within ID
prescribed Prriod, engrate to Oregon ami settle
upon the land.
hay" encountered the dangers and prvatlons ola
long and t"'sSome journey. and have at length
found an abiding place for themselves and their
families, upon the utmost verge of western
limits. should be secured IN the homes which
they have improved by their labor.
refer yor Ia the accompanying report of the =
Secretary of " ar. for II detailed account of tie
operations of the various branches of the public
service connected with the department under his
charge. The duties devolving on his de pnrtment
have been unusually oncrous and responsible du
ring the past season. and have been discharged
with ability an success.
Pacific relations; EXIST with the various Indian
tribes and most Of II. en- manifest strong FRIEND
ship for US Some Expectations were committed
auGiug the past Year. ul, u our trains transport
snE supplies for army the road between =
the Western border of NtsSot r and Santa 70
These trprrI atoms, which are supposed to have
been committed by heracs FROM the region OF
Ncw NeNico, have been arrested by the presence
OF : military force ordered out for that "a rpose.
some outrag"s have been perpetrated by i'or-
ton of The Northwestern bands. upon the weak
er, and, comparatively, defrnceless neighborine
tribes. Prompt measures were taken To prevent !
such onira|"s III future.
Between and two thousand Indians have II
been removed. during the year from the east To !
the Mississippi, to the country allowed to them G
west of that river, IS their permauen home. and
arrangements have been maze for others to fol-
low.
since the treaty Of 1916 with the Chcrokces /
the iru4> among Them appear TO have subsiie:
ana they hay" become more united and content
ed thtn they have been for many years past j.
The Commissioner rs appointed in pursuance of q
the act Of June % SIC settle the claims aris-
ing under the treaty of l~35-6 with that tribe, $
have executed their duties; and after patient c
Investigation. aud fun and fair examination of
all the brought before them, closed their :,
labors in the month of July last. This is the I
fourth board of commissioners which has been ?
organized under this treaty. Ample opportunity r
has been offered to all those interested, to bring
forward their cltnis. No Goaht is entertained q
that impartial Justice has been done by the late
board. and that valid claims embraced by the d
treaty, have been considered and allowed. This l.
result. and the final settlement TO be made with E
this tribe, under the treaty of l6. Which Will 1t
be completed ana ltIi before you, during Your
session. Will August all questions of controversy
between them, and produce /, state Of RELATIONS {
with them. simple, well defined and satisfactory :,
Under the discretionary authority conferred i
by tile act of 81 March last. the annuities due TO
the various tribes have been paid during the pres
emf wear. 10 the heads of families, instead of to
their chiefs. TO such persofs they nigh, y
designate, except rs by the laws previously eN-
lstng. This mode of payment has given gener- 81
al satisfaction to the great BODY of the IND auS.
] Justice has been done to them, anu they are
CRATE ful to the government for it, A few chiefs
and interested persons may object to this mode u
of payment but II Is believed be the only mode
OF preventing fraud ana imposition from being
practiced upon the great body of the common
inCihns- constituting majority of all the tribes