The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1847-12-30

am under none in the practical operation OF this restric
uoI any acquisition Of Mexican territory Such
sav would be rejected just certainly presented to
be Senate More than one-third of that body would
vote against it, viewing such principle exclusion
" the citizens OF the slaveholding States from partc
nation in the benefits acquired by the treasure and
tons Of all, and which should be common TO all am
repeatng-nether advancing defending these views
That branch of the subject does not lie in nay way, and
shall not turn aside to seek IT.
In this aspect of the matter the people of the United
States must choose between this restriction and the
tension of their territorial limits They cannot have
both and which they will surrender must depend upon
their representatives first, and then, if these tail them
upon themselves.
S But after ALL il seems TO be generally eded, that
This restriction, If carried into effect, could not operate
upon any State to be formed from newly acquired terri
ory The weli-known attributes of sovereignty, reeog
nsed by belonging TO the State governments, would
sweep before them any such barner and would leave the
people to express and exert their will at pleasure Is the
object then, of temporary exclusion for short period
as the duration of The Territorial governments worth the
price at which II would be purchased s-worth the dis
cord il would engender the trial TO which it would ex-
pose our Union, and the evils that would be the certain
consequence let that trial result might As TO the
course which has been nlmated, rather than proposed
OF engraitng such restriction upon any treaty OF ac.
QUESTION, persuade myself it would find but little favor
any portion of this country. Such an arrangement
would render Mexico party, having right to interfere
our internal institutions IN questions lett by the constl-
ntion to the State governments, and would inllc Sc
uous blow upon our fundamental principles. Few in
deed, trust, there among who would thus grant
foreign power the right to inquire into the consii
luton and conduct of the sovereign States of This Union
and if there are any, | am not among them, and
shall be- To the people of this country, under
Cod now and hereafter, are its destnies commit
treaty in hand, and to say Why have you done this,
why have you left that undone Our own dignity and
the principles of national independence unite to repel such
aW0posltion.
But there is another important consideration, which
ought not TO be lost sight Of in the investigation of this
subject The question that presents itself is not ques
nf In ,ncro but If tha Of
Whether its sphere be stationary progressive, its
amount will be the The rejection of this resrc-
ton will not add one TO the class of servude, will
It's adoption give freedom to single being who is now
placed therein The same numbers will be spread over
greater territory; and far compression, with less
abundance of the necessaes of lfe evil so far will
that evil be mtigated by transporting slaves to new
country, and giving them a larger space to occupy.
say this in the event OF the extension OF slavery over
any new acquisition But can it go there This may
well be doubted All the descriptions, which reach us OF
The condition of the CALIFORNIA; and of New Mexico 10
the acquisition of which efforts at present d.
ced, unite representing those countries agricultu
raj regions similar in their products to middle States,
and generally unfit for the production OF the great staples
which can alone render slave labor valuable II we are
not grossly deceved-and 1t is difficult to conceive how
we can be-the inhabitants of those regions, whether
they depend upon their poughs their herds, cannot be
shareholders Involuntary labor, requiring the invest
ment of large capital only be profitable when
oyed in the production of few favored articles confined
by nature to special districts, and paying larger returns
than the usual agricultural products spread over
considerable portions of the earth
In the able letter of Mr.. Buchanan upon this subject
not long since given to the public, he presents similar
considerations with great force. "Neher," says the
distinguished writer, 'he SOIL the climate, nor the pro-
uctlons of California south of 90 deg. 80 min, in
deed OF any portion of it, north or SOUTH is adapted TO
slave labor; and besides every facility would be there
afforded for the slave TO escape from his master. Such
property would be entirely insecure in any part of Cali
crnia. 1t is morally impossible, therefore, that
oniy OF the emgrants to that portion OF the territory
south of SO deg 80 min which will be chiefly composed
Of our citizens will re-estabish slavery within its
limits
an regard TO New Mexico, east of the Rio Grande,
the question has already been settled by the admission of
Texas into the Union.
Should acquire territory beyond the Rio Grande
and east OF the Rocky mountains it is still more impos
ble that majority OF the people would consent to
establish slavery They are themselves coored popu-
alton, and among them the negro does not belong So
caly TO degraded race
With this last remark Mr. Walker fully comedies in
his letter written in 1874 upon the annexation of Texas,
and which everywhere produced favorable impress
son upon the public mind to have conduced very
ealy to the accomplishment OF that great measure.
Beyond the Del Norte' says Mr.. Walker, ''slavery
will not pass not only because it is forbidden by law
but because the coored there prepondcrates in the
alto OF ten to one over the whites and holding as tfev
DO the government and most of the Offices in their pos
session, they will not permit the ensavement of any po-
ION OF the coored race, which makes and executes the
laws OF the country
The question, will be therefore seen on examination
does not regard the exclusion OF slavery from region
where IT now exists, but prohibition against its intro
ucton where does not exist and where from the feel
ngs of the inhabitants and the laws of nature SIT is
morally impossible, Mr.. Buchanan says, that can
ever re-establish itself
augrs well for the permanence OF our confederation
that during more than half century, which has elapsed
ance the establishment this government, many serious
QUESTIONS, and some of the highest Importance have ag-
aed the public mind and more than threatened
The gaves consequences but that they have all in
eession passed away leaving institutions unscathed
and our country advancing in numbers, power, and
wealth. and IN all the other elements of national prosper
Bwlth rapldIty unknown ancient modern days
In tunes of political excitement, when difficult and deli
cate questions present themselves for solution there is
one ark of safety for US and that is, honest appeal to
The fundamental principles of Union and stern
termination TO abide their dictates This course of pro-
eedng has carried in safety through many trouble
and trust will carry safely through many more should
many more be destined to assa The Wilmot Pro-
so seeks to take from its legitimate tribunal question
domestic policy, having relation TO the Union as
such, and to transfer it another created by the people
Tor special purpose, and foreign to the subecmater
involved in this issue BY going back to true princi
PIES we back TO the road of peace and safety Leave
10 the people, who will be affected by this question: to
ADJUST upon their own responsibility and in their own
Manner and shall render another tribute to the ogi
ha principles OF government, and furnish another
guaranty for IFS permanence and prosperity.
am dear SIR, respectfully, your obedient servant
LEWIS CASS. /
40. p. NICHOLSON, esq, Nashville, Tennessee.
BRILLIANT RECEPTION CHARLEsroN.-Cieneral Shields
i and Major Gen. Quitman have received welcome in