The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1847-01-22

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Mexican Affairs.
THE CONDITION OF YUCATAN.
Correspondence of.he N. o. Picsyune1
US SayApRoS, Dec. %, Is4e.
new pronunciamcnto has been promulgated at Cam
psachy announcing tho neutrality Of Yucstan during tho
war, but contemplating future reunion 10 the Mexican
government, under TIE treaty of December, 1913 Fiji
teen hundred troops from Campeochy have marched
upon Merida to that State into scsucscsnee in
the terms of this last pronunciamento. The anomalous
position which Yucaan assumes, and her ndsci,ion in
taking any decided stand in tho present only
be explained byher past history and full consideration
OF her whole resources. Yucatan has always been a
poor country. Under the colonial government in con.
sequence desttuton her lack OF mines and her
Inability to produce rich staples all contributions to the
homs were RENTED and the other aod more
fnvorod Colonial departments were compelled to furnish
Yucatan with ono or two hundred thousand dollars
nuslly towards the support Of domestic government
When the rest OF Mexico declared for Independence Yu
ca'an for long time remained 10y and finally united
her fortunes to the Republic under express or implied
burden of the State should remain unatered This
agreement adhered to in manner satisfactory to
fucatsn until the tariff OF 1885 imposed upon Yucatan
the same high duties equally with the other States of
Mexico. Subsequently her quota Of men and money
wore demanded for tbs general defence and support OF
the Republic Yucatan demonstrated against these
actions contrary to the spirit of thelcompact which
united her to the republic Failing of obtaining any
mission Of the tariff peculiar exception in her IA
vor Yucatan declared the compact dissolved and re-
sumsd her sovereignty. constitution to meet the
new state Of things was adopted In March, ls4l.--
Then came the war with Mexico, the capitulati OF
AmPudia, the promise of sa factory treaty, and the
final adoption and ratification Of the treaty of Dsce
ls43 by Santa Anna This treaty confirmed by only
branch Of the Mexican Legislature Before the
house could oct upon it Santa Anna oveItArown-
Yucatan sent deputies to push the ratification Of the treaty
with the provincial government, and subsequently with
the administrations OF Herrera and Paredss During this
interval Yucatan was defasfo ndepe adent Though
presented by deputies III the General Congress and main
tanning commercial intercourse under the Mexican flag,
she neither paid taxes contributions OF any kind into
the general treasury. She was governed by her
President, her own officers and her laws without
any sort of reference subordnaon to the general gov
eminent After the declaration of war with the United
States Mexico solicited from Yucatan her quota of men,
for the defence OF Vera Cruz. Yucatan refused to
ply with the demand until the treaty OF s43 acknow
lodged and ratified The decision of the extraordinary
Congress- to decide the fate of the Peninsula resulted
in the affirmation of the resolution On the
OF santa Anna, Yucaan pronounced for him and reunion
with Mexico and the9 provisional government, in turn
granted the treaty ofls43 fucatan now politically uu
attitude towards the United States The bombariment
Of Tsbasco brought FORTH pronuneaments on the
part OF Campeacny Prosiaiang neutrality in the wac
adopt this plan but Merida having also marched her
soldiers, compromise ensusd, and Campeachy came
into the former order Of things In the the
vessels OF Campeachy detained in New Orleans the
coast 10 declared in state OF blockade and there
other significant indications that the United States do not
intend to remain passive while Yusatsn is playing di
pomatic game, and declaring for neutrality war nde
pendence or reunion with Mexico. with single eye to
her own interest with that government The last pro-
nuncamento is accordingly promulgated the 9Th inst
cmay be the last, aud despatched TO Com. Conner,
under Gag Of truce, which arrived the Goth instant
According to the best of my information the above
10 a succnct account of the political history of Yuca
tan Two things are obvious /: Yucatan has never sc.
riousy intended to become abso independent OF
Mexico, and always intended 10 be terms of amity
with the United States Both counties necessary TO
her support We supply her with -four, and Mexico with
money. Mexico is the principal and almost tho only
market for her products for which she receives silver
which is transported 10 the United States TO pay
aour. To separate Yuca,an from Mexico and subject
her products TO the duties which other nations pay
to Mexico would ruin her to remain uoiied to Mexico,
under system OF high tariffs, without some exceptions
in her favor like tho provisions of the treaty OF l94a,
would be equally runOus. War with the United States
would be the greatest calamity OF all Yucatan has no
resources to meet Of these contingencies and here
10 tho explanation OF her anomalous and undecided
with the United States during the war; and even,ful
union with Mexico under the provision OF Santa Annals
treaty after the war finished The United States
well afford to let Yucaan alone. 1t has been charged
against the Yucaecos that they Mexcans at heart
This 10 unqussonably true, for they would naturally
sympahiss with their race II il also alleged that they
have been taking advantage of our forbearance to fur
nish the Mexicans with Did and munitions of Any
one who will look at the position OF Yucca
yond the base Of the mountains and whstever their
sympathies or their cupidi,y might prompt them 10 I'M
deraks naurs still interposes nsupetable barriers II
Mexico demand money or men, Yucs,eco diplomacy
will invent reason for not complying With the request
Tho sme exigency which oompels Mexico to send for
men and money 10 carry on the war, acts also Yucca
TAM and obse her to keep her troops and funds home
to defend heissf The effect os blockade upon ports
Of Yucstsn will in great MEASURE lie obvaed by an in
ianu Wano WIN me British Colonies at the Balze
THE vroEpREyrpENr OF MEXICO.
From the New Orleans Plcay uns. Jan.
IL Ia remarkable feature Of the news and one which
exhibits the vicissitudss of public life in Mexico in
striking phsss that Gomez Forias Is Vice President
under santn Anna Farias was once before Wee fres-
dent during Santa Annals Presidency His willy superior
DESTROYS Of improving the finances by conhscson OF
the church property set him to work to digest plan
and prepare the public mind for seziog upon the ecce
vesnncnt about being made to feel the powkrof
interest II had alarmed, when Santa Anna dnssr,ed
Gomez Faras throw upon him tho odium OF the scheme
and escaped himself from the he had holped TO
raise. Gomez Fariss was baDshed the STATE and for
number Of years resided in this city with his family,
pinched by necessity, and oppressed with care Santa
Anna in timo overthrown and banishcd by Psredes
Fsrias immediately upon the fall of the dictator, return.
ed Ito Mexico where be has since taken a conspi
cuous part in the political affairs of the country Santa
Anna by sudden revolution in public opinion,
called from bsnishment and these two polite
as opposite On the poles in principles, and hating each
oherwith rsncor that has been nurtured in disgrace
occupy the first and second Offices IT. the republic.
Farias Is reformer of the ossve party; his OPT
mons are Of the most bara character He rcpubli
can at heart federslist in the Mexican OF The
srm aud ~ bitter against ligous political ammels.
santa Annals Just what his interest for the time being
requires him to be. The close proximity of two such
men, does not augur well Of the durability Of the govern
msnt which they administer Of the suavy that may
qusIy their councils In far the elevation to office
OF ,wo men occupying the extremes Of political faction
my interpret the public opinion Of Mexico II may ndi
sas iusion OF ell pares union OF all cliques sects
DIVISIONS and classes OF tho people in great war
FmW Gomez Farias was, IL an, thing, the NEST violent
:, III Mcxican politicians against the dismember Of
exes ana he may have united with Santa Anna TO set