The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1847-04-17


annexation? No one, apprehend. Slavery
was Mt the bottom oft. In the opinion OF
southern statesmen, it is perfectly consttu-
'.jioual, to invoke the aid ofCougress to OK
icnh slavery, but unconstitutional to in
voko its aid to restrict il! Well, Sr,whnt
has been done with this THRU acquisition of
trregn territory? Why, sir, it has been G.
rected into another slave State. So that we
have admitted into the Union five slave States,
creatcd out of territory acquired since the
adoption of the Constitution, and -four ont Of
territory ceded TO us by the treaty OF 1888
umSing, now in the Union, fifteen slave States
&-iourteen free Suites! Is this,sir, Il condition
vt lhings anticipated or desired by the patr-
DTS & statesmen of l776 aud l757?N O, sir,no-
iIr from it. They regarded savery as Il great
uroyal and political evil shameful Outrage
'upon human rightsand desired to see II abo-
'-hed in every part ofthe ConlGderncy.
will now sir, caI the attention olthe Sen
ate and the country TO the number ofpersOns
~ the free and slave States, the density ot'the
population, and the area in square miles Of
each.
In 1910, the thirteen slave States,0nd Flor
lila, then II territory and the District OF Col
unbia, had population OF 1884, 43l: Of this
number, 4,8lS,20S were free persons, and p
1926 were slaves. Tie thirteen free States
with Wisconsin aud Iowa, had n population
9,Z2S,922, which is 2,25l4SS, moro than the
whole population Of til" sinye States, and H.
TSl7l4 more tuu the free population Of the
Slave States. The fifteen slave States now
in the Union, including the District Of Cor
unha. have uR area, IN SQUARE miles OF $751;
Gi2. The fourteen free States, and the Ter
rrory Of Wisconsin, nave nn area in squire
miIcs ofGG3,0 04. SO the slave States coli
rin 297 ,63S square miles Of territory more
than the free Suites. The density ofthG pop
tia;iOn in the free StGtas is fourteen and Il
fraction 10 Il square mile; IN the slave states,
il is only seven and fraction 20 square
mile. Surely the slave States ought not TO
'caii for more territory
But it is the avowed purpose of!ha .hdmiD-
i,traton to prosecute this war until MeNico
will consent to ccdc 10 us New Mexico ana
Upper California these Mexican proVi0c
es contain an area in square miles, of 57j34t, /
I'this Mexican Territory, which the Presi- /
dent desires to acquire, Gad which his militia .
~ chiefs have already annexed to the United (
states, isto be oponyto the institution ofdo-
nestle slavery, we Shall have a slave terrific 7
~ of 1899 square miles!
will now, sir, proceed to show that slav |
cry not only discournges productive industry |
,ot every kind, but that it greatly retards the
r~ctticmeta Ola State, by preventing the cmi- |
grafton of whites.
This position shall attempt to sustain by !
comparing the population and productive III .
'I,,stry ofsome ofthe free States with the !
population and productive industry ofSomc |
Of the slave States. will begin with OAio |
and Kentucky.
1T. Ohio came into the Union in 1903, &. ,
haG Nn area, in square miles, Of $4,000, and
had population in 1910, Of 1916 81 IL
to IL square mile. Her annual products ofin-
,lustry are S63,90G,G?S
Kentucky came into the Union in 1892, !
and has an area, in square miles, Of 10000:
and had population, in 1910, Of 779,S2S: 10
I-2 to Il square mile. Annual products ofin-
,dustry, S38,62i, 19l.
Ohio, young as she is has larger p0puIG- ,
ton than Kentucky, by 1896 and larger
annual product of industry by &25 2S2,lS1.
Cd. Virginia and Pennsylvania,
Virginia has an area, in square miles, of |
10000, aud in 1910 had Il population Of H.
t!}9,779: which is II ~ to Il square mile. Her
annual products ofindustry are S7G,7G9,053.
Pennsylvania has an area, in square miles,
f46,000 and had II population in SiO, OIL
72f,033, which is 81 l-2 TO Il square mile
Her annual products ofndustry are $i3l,-
O33655.
Virginia, with an area, in square miles, of
$1,000 more than Pennsylvania, has less
population by 4S4, 254; and her ANIMAL prod
ilcts of industry are $54.264, Coz less Jhan tie
annt1l products Of industry in Pennsylvania.
Sd. Massachusetts and South Carolina.
Massachusetts has an area in square miles,
of7,S00; and had in 1910 population Of
737,699: 9S 20 a square naile. Annual prod
ucts of industry, $75, 470.29Z
South Carolina has an area, in square miles, |
of33,000; and had, in 1910, Il population of
;594,39S: Is to a square mile. Ofthis pOpu
flaton, 1927 OBS are slaves. Annual products
ofindustry 1927, 1856.
Massachusetts with a territory not one fourth
as large as South Carolina, has larger pop
;aun by 143, 21S; and her annual products
of industry are $48,296,7Gl more than the an
uua products Of South Carolina.
Vermont has an area in square miles, otS,-
900; and in 1910, had population of29l 2iS; |
80 1-2 to n square mile: and her annual prod |
ucts of industry are $25, I43,l0l South Car
Dina with territory more than four times as
large as Vermont, has less free population
by 23,95S, and exceeds Vermont, in annual
products of industry, only about $2,000C00.
I have proceeded far enough, by way of
comparison, to show that the free States, with
no advantage in soil or climate, have far out
stripped the slave States in population and
annual products of industry, and know of
no cause to which it can be attributed but
slavery.
The slave has no stimulus to industry, be-
cause he has no hope ofbettering his condi-
ton. He is doomed TO perpetual bondage,
and his children after him. The effect ofop- |
preston and ignorargee will always be TO de-
etroy the springs of industry, and consequent
Iy to diminish the annual products of the
country. The degraded and oppressed con-
dition of the slave renders his labor much
less productive than the labor of the intelli-
gent freeman.
The slave labors from compuIsion, and to
oh bo