Port Tobacco times, and Charles County advertiser. (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1845-1898, 1847-12-23

Ell people OF Italy, and admiration for the
frmness and decision of that great man oil
the age, Plus TX, in opposing the haugh-
~ rule of Austria over that fair county,
The article will we'll repay the reader for a
perusal. 1t will be concluded in the mex,
number of our paper.
From the American Review.
ITALY AND Plus TX.
BY C. F. sECcHI DE cAsALI.
0 Rome! my country city of the soul
The orphans of the heart must turn to thee
BYRON.
1t is now nearly thirty-two years since a
congress of sovereigns assembled in the
Austrian city of Vienna, to decide upon the
des.inies of Europe and divide its people a
mong themselves. The congress published
their manifesto to the people, inslructing
them in the duties of obedience. The ALI
ance that formed itself in this congress was
styled "Holy;" but it was
An earthly trinity, that bears the shape
vi Heavens; as man is mimicked by the ape.
The discipline Of religion teaches obedience,
and it is holy; the Alliance also taught ODE
dence, but /, was accursed: it came armed
not with sacred testimonies and sanity ex-
amples, but with the sword, the halter and
the bayonet; the bloodhounds of the Revo-
luton struggled with the wolves of despo-
,ism; the wolves triumphed, and this was
their alliance, to be consecrated with the
blood of myriads of freemen.
This league of the great powers against
the Liberties of mankind carried on, from
the instant Of its establishment, a plan for
reducing all Europe to an absolute slavery
they meant, at all risks, and, if necessary.
by the violation of every precedent of right,
to tread ont the fires of revolution, and ex-
tinguish forever the life of freedom in the old
world .. .... .. s..
Usurping the name and symbols of reli-
gion, like Belshazzar, they profaned the sa-
cred things a, their banquels; with ceremo-
MES and plus talk preparing war agains. the
image of God in man. By extending mil
itary police, aided by a system of espionage
they hoped to keep down the first risings
of rebellion, and prevent the organization OF
the people.
The first to rise against the universal des-
,potism was the Greek nation, which had
been made over by the allies to the govern
ment of the Sultan, Then followed the
Polish revolution, with its consequences
and now, in order we have the revolution in
Italy.
The Italian peninsula, formed by nature
to sustain an independent people !; separated
by seas and mountains from her neighbors,
with fruitful soil, serene and healthful
climate; inhabited by people whose an
cestors gavelaws and civilization to the world,
and, in later ages, religion, literature and
sacred art; people themselves the most
intelligent of Europeans-distlngushed for
ingenuity and capabilily this country and
nation, numbering twenty-five millions fl,
for freedom, were divided between Austria
and her dependent princes. serious OF
conspracies and partial revolutions had fail
ed to rescue them from the domination oil
their masters; they had realized none OF
the rights and privileges of freemen until
their annexation to the empire of Napoleon
who gave them their first taste of Just and
saluary government.
The fall of Napoleon brought them unde,
the power Of Austria. The free institution:
introduced by the French Emperor were a.
polished Secret trials, arbitrary taxation
suppression of free literature and instruction
and body of law derived Immediately from
the will of the prince, reduced them once
more to a hopeless survilude. Their Pope
Gregory XVI, Instituted no new forms ir
the government. but rather confirmed ano
aggravated the old expressions; it became
impossible to obtain justice IN any cause OF
at any price. The fuedal abuses contin
ued to increase the poverty of the people
Austrian influence operated verywhere, ant
increased steadily the people despared o
freedom, and, though they continued t.
cherish rebcllious spirit, made no efforts
to liberate themselves, when, by the unex
pected election of Pope Plus TX, new turn
was given to their affairs, and the liberia
spirits suddenly discovered in their pontif
leader and all organizer, sovereign and
statesman, fitted to. be the reformer and re
generator of Italy.
Gregory XVI, the preceding Pope, maj
we'll fitted TO be the head Of religious or
der, but unequal to affairs of state and igno'
rant of the spirit and demands of his age AM
nation, suffered his government to rest il
the hands of ministry of the most retro
grade and despotical character. He allow
ed the influence of Austria to predominant
in his councils, and in every part of his 60
vernment. Surrounded by a servile and ,y
ranical crowd of officials, his executive act
consisted chiefly in exiting, condemning
and depressing his exhausted and irri,ate'
subjects. Since the revolution Of 1881, thu