The examiner. [volume] (Louisville, Ky.) 1847-1849, 1847-06-26

1 SiosCIy - 6i4hoct cACAuH"ciy COhuucu-
Those who have the curiosity to examin
the census tables minu,ely, will find tina
the slight increase in the population Of Viz
GINA, from 1880 to 1910, has been con6ne,
10 the western part Of the State, while the,,
has been an actual diminution east of III
mountains, and this in spite Of the fact tina
he tobacco regions is chiefly confined u
The east. The same small tendency to in
| crease in the western counties Of North Car
Dina is observable, with a correspondent,
',agnation in the east. The number o
yhite inhabitants Of South Carolina exhb
Is no increase from 1880 to 1Si0-,h.
blacks increased slightly. The result, con
non 70 the three States, is clearly ,racea
Die TO the same origin, The occupation Of 81
he lands in them adapted to the growth o
obacco, cotton, and rice.
The surplus labor arising from the na;ua'
Increase above what is necessary for th,
cultivation OF those lads, is taken 10 Il,
Southwest, which accounts for the raps
Increase OF the new States. But the sam,
circumstances will necessarily bring abou
he same redundancy in the supply OF la5o
here, so soon as the lands adapted to co;
ton and sugar are occupied; and the SAM
-endency to the deportation Of the slave
will exist, 20 long as there are other new
lands further IVES, to place them on.
II might be supposed tina; the adaptation
to the production Of articles Of prime mar
Setable value, as tobacco, cotton, rice, &c,
would hold out the greatest encouragement
the improvement Of the soil; and a State
Virginia, for instance, which had been en-
jagged in the profitable cultivation OF ONT
Of those articles for more than two cen
uries. would be in the highest coDdition
If Improvement. The case, however, i
quite the contrary most Of the good land
IL the eastern part Of the State having beer
feared and Worn out, large par, Of then
having undergone thai process two or three
INES Perhaps the river bottoms may
orm an exception to this rule, as they
are nourished by occas onal inundations.-
That the lands are suffered 10 wear out is
nor attributable to the idolence and bad
lusbandry Of the people, as some imagine.
out to the expens veness Of the process
he inadequacy Of the means. Nearly all
he people Of eastern Virginia are engaged
agriculture. there being scarcely re
spec,ablc town OF village in thar section o
he State, excepting Richmond, Norfolk
md Petersburg which places would hard
ly afford market for the beef and butter
IF dozen square miles The scarcity Of
population, have shown above. has re
suited from the system OF slavery, which
absorbs the CHIEF part Of the accumulated
wealth of the people, leaving brf little 70.
investment in the manufacturing ARTS, CON-
nerce, DC. Its effect is to dispense with
he necessity Of breeding beef cattle, there
being no market to Justify it. and eonse-
quently TO cut off the principal source from
which manure Is ooJained.- No one oonld
afford 10 breed cattle merely for the SAKE
Of the manure; and experience, as well a,
he custom OF the country. shows that bee
will not be substituted for bacon in subs;s,
ing the slaves.
So trifling is the market tor products o.
this kind that they are almost wholly neglec,
I'd wherever slavery abounds 10 a considera
Die extent: and even such markets as ex
st are badly supplied. at a high price
The consequence is, that tire living, in
The towns of the Southern States. is great
~ more expensive than is the case in the
Nlrth, which accounts for the tact that the
mechanic arts are found to langush in TIT
,laveholGing States. The mechanic Is co n
PEELED to advance the price OF manufacture:
proportion TO his expensive living which
brings him in competition with the similar
article admitted free Of duty from The Nor
.hem States. Ii Is thus that slavery a, frs
opposes the Introduction OF the manufactur
.ng arts, by turning the chief part of The
wealth OF the South into different ant
mp-oductive channel, and then discoura
yes their prosecution BY the extra expense
which attends them. Such Of the nechan
&c arts as can only be exercised at the spot
o; near where the manufacture is TO De con
sumed, being exempt iion Northern com
petition, are found in the highest degree
profitable, whenever demand exists. Thi.
true Of house building, some kinds o
smiths work, &c.
The census table shows that slavery ex
SIS to very limited extent in the noun
tain regions OF the So ,:hem States, which
are unsuited to tobacco and cotton; and the
number of Slaves in Kentucky and Tenn
essee is also dispropor,ionstely small, com
pared with the more Southern and Allan
tic States These States and parts OF S-aie'
contain the bulk Of the white population o
the South, and exhibit a slow, stead,
growth. The towns and villages in thi'
region, though smaller and less prosperou:
than those Of the free States, present an
agreeable contras, to the slualid dilapicatior
which is everywhere visible upon the Dor
dors Of the Atlantic. There is scarcely ;
respectable town in any part Of the South
ern States where slavery has long been tn.
chief Interest, excepting those engaged IL
the external trade, and these are retroga
din, in population, or making no advances
deserving Of mention; such is the cas-
with Norfolk, Richmond, and PeteIsbursh
Charleston, Williamion, North Carolina
and Savannah. The counties in the int
rior, wherever slavery exists 10 cons der
able extent, are almost destitute Of ,best
evidences Of civilization. But in those
| counties further back, where there are bu
few slaves, the villages are numerous. anc
present lively appearance; and The manu-
featuring arts and agriculture are found tt
flourish in ratio inversely to the amour
Of the slave property. Here but a small
portion Of the accumulated wealth Of III
people assumes the shape Of slavery, ant