Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1847-09-02

1924. In lS4&, under MIR. Opshur OF III llINdi
appointments, the slave States had III; the free
States only 73.
POST OFFICE.
The greatest opposition to cheap postage is
from the South, The reason is obvious. As
multtudes of their Post-routes do not pay for
themselves, they must be paid for, through asys-
TEN of high postage, by the North or be gwen
up. Thus in 1912, the deficit in the Post Office
department from the slave States was 1871 900,
while the excess over the expenditures in the
free states was 5000, 900. This went of course
to make up the deficiency of the South, SO that
in 1912 alone the North paid all its own postage,
and &571 900 of postage for the South. Nor
was this all. The whole number of miles OF
mail transportation for 1912, was "a ,835, 1911, at
an expense Of $3,0S7, 1876 OF these miles, the
mail was carried 20 1871 ,46l, at cost OF Sl %
'I8. 4l3 in the free States and l4,504 ,530 miles
at cost of 81 $40 1888 in the slave States :
that is it cost $40 more to carry the mail in
the slave States than in the free, while it ran s.,
IS26 93I miles less. Under the new system, from
official returns presenting comparative view
of the postage received at forty-two offices, North
and South, during the third quarter of lS44 and
| 1915, it appears that while the falling off at the
offices in the free States has not been one third,
that at the offices in the slave States it has been
more than one half
II PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION.
During the twenty years ending in 1882, there
were six presidential elections. In these the
South cast 608 electoral votes but only Al of
them for Northern candidates. During the
twenty years. ending in 1885, there were five
presidential elections, in which the South cast
SIS electoral votes, only | Of which were for
Northern candidates.
In the presidential election of 1914, thirteen
free States had ISL electors and gave l ,89O,SS4
yotes--oae elector to / ,730 votes while tweloe
slave States had l05 electors and gave 793,S43
votes-0ac elector to 6 ,60S votes In other terms,
sir slave State votes counted as much in choice OF
a President and Vice President as eleocn free
, State votes. In the same election, Michigan
had five electors and gave IS, 222 votes, or one
eector to II pa votes while Louisiana had &
electors and gave 26 sos votes, or one elector to
t 4, Az votes-that is, foUr saveholding Louisiana
| votes were equal to cIcUen free Michigan votes.
: FEDERAL REPRESENTATION.
The present number Of the House of Repre-
e sentatiyes including Texas s228 OF these 81
0 represent slave property. In fixing the ratio OF
e representation, after the last census, the House
1t adopted that Of 50,l79. This would have given
" the House 306 members, and the free States
II majority of 50. But a small majority is moro
e easily managed than large The Senate reiec
Ut ted that ratio and sent back the bill with the ra
S ito of 70,6S0. This reduced the House to 22j
20 and brought down the majority Of the free States
J. to the more manageable number of II. The eff
1t feet of the odd number, $50, was to deprive the
+ four great States of the North Massachusetts
New York, Pennsylvania and Ohio, of one mem
e. Der each, with no corresponding disadvantage
A. to any Slave States. OF this proceeding ever
ID the correspondent of the New York Herald SAT-
Is ,-"The Senate apportionment has robbed tn
ut North of at least one qnarter of its practical in
al luencc in the Union, when regarded in its full
w. extent and the members of the free States VIII
OF voted for it, have thus surrendered the rights
&c their constituents, and violated their trusts"
% THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,.
~ The Speaker of the House has the appoint
i ment of all committees, and of course exerts a
immense influence in this, as well as other ways
in the legislation of the country. During 81 c
the "a years, from 1871 to 1915, the speaker
were all shareholders.
JUDICIARY.
I'd The Supreme Court of the United States
We the court of highest appeal in the nation. II
I'm decision on all questions coming before it is ina
by OF the 30 Judges of this court, the slave State
a have had II the free States l3 The circuit
p and salaries are still more unequal and UNJUST
nd Vermont, Connecticut and New York, with 4
r. representatives. in Congress, and free popul
of ton of over three miliomS constitute but on
il circuit; while Alabama and Louisiana, with bu
d. ii representatives, and free population of BIT
1t, half amjAiOn, constitute another. So Of othe
he circuits. Louisiana, with free population
IL l63,059, has one Judge at salary of $4,000
mt Ohio, with a population $40 AGA, more tina
eight times as great as that Of Louisiana he
only one Judge at salary of $1,000; that il
h, with eight times as many people to do busne;
y for, he receives one third as much pay. Arkar
*, sas, with free population of II $50, has or
, ne Judge at salary of 1000; New Hampshire
,a' with population of 284 ,513, has but one udg
"A at salary eff 600 Mississippi, with frC
W population of lS0,440, has one Judge, with
~ salary of $500; Indiana, with population
J 6S5 SOB, has but one Judge, at salary of S 90
bo that is, two-fitths as much pay for doing NOR
~ than three times as much work
no SURPLUS REVENUE
for The Surplus Revenue, distributed by the az
to Of 1886, amounted to S37 ass S59.-The slav,
to- holders managed to have it distributed, not,
it should have been, on the basis of free popul
ton, but that of federal representation. There
laS by the South, with free population of 3 1913
We 800, received $l6,05s, 0s2 IS, while the Mort
"a. with free population of zoos, 45l, receive
ny but $2l ,4lO, IN, 70 SO that for each inhabi
ny ant of the free North, there was received b.
OF 81 O6 while for nocb f.oo nnrson IN tho Sou+
, ,no there was received $4,20; or one LA mo
ICY for each free person in the South, than for eat
Gil free person in the North The South, by til
operation alone, received for her slave represel
tatlon in Congress, $4,35S, $40!
osI REVOLUTIONARY WAR.
me In this war,-New Hampshire, Massachusett
a.: al- Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, Ne
~ Jersey, and Pennsylvania-sevcn States flu
es' nished l72 436 troops and were paid for service
IT, S6l ,07l ,l67 Delaware, Maryland Virgin
/.