Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1847-12-16

mcnt, y hrn they Hind thrif dearest Interests secdred tn
them by the permanent laws Of iho land. and tina, they
arr NJ longer IN danger oi losing Thur homes and hard
esrnrd in,n> emen,s rs being bfonvh, int, competition
with a l,ote wealthy class Of purchasers nj tho land
stlcs.
The attention Of Cunt'ess w,s invited. NJ their last
and the preceding session, To tho Importance of establish
Ing a territorial government over anr possessions In Or
egot; and II is IL he regretted thai there was no leplsla-
tton ou the s%ullec'. Onr citiIrns " h, inllahil that dis
tant region OF country are still left without the pro,er,ion
ef our law. or amy regularly organized gpvcrnmant.-
Before thu question OF limits and boundaries of the terri
tory Of Oregon wss dciaiicly settled. from the necessity
III heir condition, the inhabitants had established 4 TEN
pprafy government ui their own. Besides tile want Of
legal authority iar continuing such y government. IL IL
wholly inadequate Ia project them In their ritl IA of per
sh aud property. ot Ia SECURE 10 Them tho cnnyufenl of
the privileges of otler cItlzrni, to which they are enti
tied under the Constitution of tho | ni,cd States. They
should have the figh, ot Suffrage. be represented In q
Territorial legislature and hy a delegate IN Congress;
AM possess all the lights AMI privileges which cilzens OF
atl,.r porilons Il the Territories oi the L uiird States have
heieloipre cuJpl Cd, or may now
Dut JuJicll system, revenue laws, laws regulating
Trade and intercourse With the Indian tribes. and the pro
lection Of our laws generally, sh uld bc extended over
them. In addition Ia the inhabitants in that territory
"hu had pres iobsly emturaiel Ia II large numbers ui gu
ellif"ns have followed them turing the present year; and
II II not doubted that during the neNl aud subsequent years
their numbers viii BE- greatly Increased.
Congress-. at its last session, established post ronics
leading In Oregon. and between different points within
thtt territory. and authorized the establishment of posi-
oillees Al - astoria aud ynei, other places m he rtust of
the Pacific. within The territory OF the l nitel States. as
the ublc Interests may require Post Offices have
accordingly been established. deputy pslnias,ers ap
p in'cj, aud provision mndr fr the transportation Of The
mAl4.
The preset vat5on Of peace with the lndnn tribes resi-
dlng west Of the Rocky mountains Will render It proper
that authority should ne gwen by law for the appoint.
m'nl OF an adequate number II Ind, N agents 10 reside a
mo ~ them.
| ecomncn ,ha, a Surveyor General's office be cs,ab-
llshed in that territory. and that the public lands be sur
veyed and brought into market nj an early period.
rcconnnrnd. also, that grants. upon liberal terms, of
limited quantities OF the public lnnds, be mado To all cli
zens of tho United States who have c~niprated, r may
hereafter. within a pre- ,crlbed peri ii, cnlprsir, 10 Orc.
gen, and settle pom them. These hardy and adventu
rons clliznns, " ho ira,o encaun' ed the dancer aud pr
siilons Il a long and ioIlsatnn 'ufney aud liayr 'itrir Fam
lies upon the utmost verge ut our wcslern limits, III ,uId
be secured IN the homes which they have in,ptoyrd by
their lahuf.
roicf ynu 4 the accompany M report of lhr Secretary
Il War In a detailed account 81 the operations Of ihf v,
rlous branches ot the public service connected viii, the
department under hs charge. The duties devolvlng IN
this department have been unusually oncfois and respun
tihlr during TIA, past year, and have been dlS,Iaured with
ability and success.
Pacific relations continue 10 exist with the various In
dian tribes. aud lnosi OF Them mlnlirsi u strong l. lond ship
fl III" Cnlcd States. Some lrpr.latlun. WIPE c,m
lmilted during the last year upon umr trans iransp 5riinp
supplies lmr the army, on tho rad b. I ,een the western
bo'der ul Missouri and Sanaa Fc. 1hrse DIP ,cdaiinn~.
winch are supposed u have hren committed Il, band,
irml He region 81 New Mexico. have been arrested b,
the presence IT military inec. onlend on tor that puf
pose. Some untages have been prep tmtci b, a Ior-
ilun ol The porlhnr-t.ln ban. II mn he weak T md com
paraIVely drirncrlrss nrishbpnnI ttibcs. Prompt
,neasate We're aAen,o prevent sub Occurrences IN iu.
inre,
Between enc and twn ti5u7,nl lndi,ns, hrlonriup to
ss.rd lIldra, have been removed during III" ycsr from
he east oi the MAsIssippi 10 the tsuntry allotted /, thrm
west OF hat riv.l, as their permanent hon Q. and arrange
ncnts have been maj. ii ohcts Ia follow.
Sinca The treaty of 1916 win, The Chrrikees. the
lu Is Among them appear Ia have sub,ided, and Il cy
have bccono IN re united and c,ntenicI than they have
been Tor many years past. Tho commissioners appointed
IN pursuance ot the act of juno 9th. lsI6, 10 settle
claims arising under the treaty Of 1880 80. with thai
lrhe, have executed their duties; AMI after u patient in
Vesilgatlon, and a full and far examination OF all lie ca.
s@s brought before them. clhecd their lab, : in the month
ii July last. THIS ~ the fourth hoard Of commissioners
which has been Org gained under tins irrsiy. Ample OPP
lorlunity has been all 'rt,d In all rlas- interested 10 hrlng
forward their claims. NJ doubt ~ entertained thai iu'
partial justice has been done by the laIc bnrd, and thai
al valid cldims embraced by The treaty have been con
sidcred aud allowed. Ills result. and the inil .ciilc-
inert 10 be madc With lhis Tube, under HE treaty of SAT-
which will be completed aud laid before Won during
your session, Will adlus, I'll questions III controversy be.
them and the United States, and produce a
state of relation with them, simplr. we'll defined, and
sail llctlfy.
tndcr the discre lunary authority conferred hy the
act al the ilird OF March llst. the annulliies due Ia the
vsr,uts tribes have been pad during thu present Y ar /,
the heads at ia uliGs Inslc1d OF Ia their chiefs. or such
persons as they nigh designate, as required hy The laws
previously existing. his mode ol payment hts gwen
4 sr rral satisfaction 10 The great body ot The indians --
justice has 6eon done to them. and they are grateful to
the ,ycrnmaur Tor II. A lew chiefs and inlercs. ed pei.
sons may OBJECT 10 this mode Of paytn,nt. bat it is balnv-
ed 10 be The otly mode Of preventing iraud and imp 81
lion from being praetiscd uppn the great b,dy Of nnmon
Indians, = Ill ,itutIug a niI MY Of all the Tribes.
1t Is CRAFTY ing 10 perceive that a number # the tribes
have recently manifested an Increased inleres, in the rs
IN agrlcnltnre-some Of them producing a snti
cent quantity Of food tr their support, aud IN some cases
a surplus 10 dispose Of 10 Their n%eigIbors. The comforts
by which those who have received even a very limited
ela,atIon. and have engaged N agriculture, are surround
tend gradually 10 draw off their less civilized brethren
from the prfcarnus means Of subsistence by the chase, 10
habits otlabor and civilization.
The accompanying report cf the Secretary Of The Ma
w presents a satisfactory and gratifying account Of the
aud opera lens ut The naval service during the
year. Our commerce has been pursued with incnas
ed activity, and with saioty and success IN every quar-
ter OF the globe under the protection OF our nag. which
the navy has caused to be respected in the most distant
seas.
In the Gulfo f Mcxic', and in the Pacific, the officers
and men ofour s~qradrnns have displa yed distinguished
gallanury an peftor ned valuable services. IN the e-rly
Stages OF the war with Mexico, her poits on both coasts
were blockaded, and more recently many Of them have