Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1847-03-06

solutions of my State.
Mr. CALHOUN. Well, that is the proposition of other
States. Ii be excluded, what vii be the result
Instead of having this dsproporon Of six eight will
have dspopoon Of fourteen TO twenty eight Double, pre-
cisely That will be the end of it, And if eer any portion
OF Mexico should fall under the authority OF the United States
and be property, and apply TO the same princ
ple where ask, would it end What has led the Senator
from Rhode Island into these extraordinary exclusions
have great respect for that Senator believe intends fair
But let me say him that he has viewed al this question
sidedy lie has considered il in SINCE aspect and
viewing thus partially, his clear and srorg intellect has
been brought very conclusions His og
the belief that this National Go~rnment-hat
nation-that one people, andno Union.
And prove that naton what documents does he
furnish single resolution by the State of New York call
ing convention for the framing OF the constitution
Mr.. SIMMONS. quoted the language of the resolution
simply for the purpose OF showing the Of tie word na-
ton at that time which the Senator has oerinacously
refused to employ Butt at all sustain my gene
raj position ~. ...
Mr. CALHOUN. Well, then, it argument at all.
All the rest was bare assertion and yet he threw his hands
and expressed his amazement that any suld hold the
doctrines that held will take il up, however Ii is
the State of New York said and what further true
that there large party in the United States that time
in favor of National Government The three States which
took the lead were Massachusetts, Pennsylvania and Virginia
They were actively and strenuousy in favor Of National
Government and the two leading spirits who ed Mr..
Hamilton, of New York. probably the author of that preamble
and Mr. Madison, of Virginia In the early stages of the
there majority in favor of National Gov
ernment and who regarded union great absurdy But
this stage there but eleven States in the convention
Rhode Island appeared there and New Hampshire had
not yet appeared with her delegates In process time New
Hampshire na very great addition the Federal side
which now became predominant and it is owingI speak
her England and the Northern Statesit is
owing mainly to the States of Connecticut and New Jersey
that we have Federal instead of National Government
hat have the best Government instead OF the despoc
and ino!erable the earth Who the of these
States TO whom indebted for this admirable Govern
q ia enp en-
On brass and live forever They Mr.. ELLSWORTH Roger
Sherman, and Judge Patterson of New Jersey The other
States farther South blind They did not the future
but to the sagsciy and GOODNESS OF these three aided by
few others, but prominent the present
tuton So completely did the National party succumb that
turing large portion OF the sttags OF the convention the
word National was not named "Federal," the "Unon
we're the terms adopted The National party completely
overwhelmed and, what still remarkable, the very
men who took the lead of that party assumed the OF
federaist, because that had become the popular
Honest and great they but they disposed TO
make the most OF the term and under that they
nended that constitution to the adoption OF the American
eope Now, if the Senator's eyes had been turned in this
lrecton he would not have been ignorant of all this and
o being Ignorant he would not have made the extraordinary
ecaraion he has made But this is all The original
ederaist party satisfied simply with that name though
convention 1t had assumed it, and it had been taken
om them by the National party, assumed The
Republican,, and under that asserted and carried
ut in practice the doctrines which inserted in
ution by the then Federal party and achieved that great
ictoy which brought Mr.. Jefferson into power That show
the deep of the people of that time that this should
OF be National Govenmen-that they would tolerate
would never have adopted and that their Object to
Federal Government. So if you look the oonstu-
on ITSELF the thing is manifest There ample pro-
isions to show that it is Federal Governments union
taes, and National Governmental combination of ma
ons and single nation-a far brilliant and striking
onceplon much more philosophical and better calculated
AIRY out the great object.
In the letter of General Washington recommending the
of yhc ha If
be convention, do we hear word of nation Do hear
syllable about consolidated Government Not 1t
TO perpetuate the Union And what does Union mean
We had union before. II league-no more
rices of confederation. 1t to pepeuae the Union,
lot destroy it. But the Senator used another argument
not certain that recall its precise terms, did
make note of it. But if do it correctly, the
senator will have the goodness correct Hedwelt upon
he change of the terms United States States united
did to get rid of the geographical idea, because the term
United States frequently means geographically that part of
The world which Providence has allotted but that is not
the meaning in the constitution In the first instance in the
preamble OF the constitution my memory me, the
states enumerated one by one We, the people Of New
Hampshire and orh-as in the declaration of incepend
ence But afterwards that form of phraseology changed,
and why That is important II changed his &C
count and other The constitution provided that more
States should assent thereto, e. atfying this constitution,
the expression believe should be adopted ard hence
the expression was put the people of the United States
meaning the people OF the States united Out of that
change OF language has originated all this about nliona
government Sir, devoted to this UnioI
portion OF the American people. the phrase meaning
the people of the Union But in nationality evils i'm
measurable to Admit to be nation where
stand We in a minority We have peculiar inslu-
tons have peculiar productions and shall have to
trust TO the mere numerical majority OF the wholethe
safest OF all Governments-fo protection wou rather
trust TO sovereign would rather trust to asuacy-
any form of government, rather than that hdd that,
wherever the idea is fixed one that the numerical
majority have right govern-thlt this right hidden by
sort of divine rgh-that there then no constitutional
liberty. 1t is Dorsm Rhode Island has tasted of tie fruit
or will taste OF II, and the last should expect this doc
trne from Senator from Rhode Island II is bad enough
when applied 10 State hut when applied the MON, it
is rulnous Now, Mr. President all the doctrines hat
have advanced have been the result of the fullest and most
consderate examination Our convictions srons as
those Of any Senator his side We are as good Judges
Of interests they of theirs and rather beter than
they be of There ought be respectful difference
on both Sides The Senator attempted to base Argument
on the annexation OF Texas and the attempt discovered how
far the mind may be diverted from sound conclusions ~ view
ing the in this partial mode. He asked where l. as
strict constructionist find any right annex Texas
Mr. SIMMONS. ! said that this movement began on the
part of this Government 10 prohibit the abolition OF slavery in
foreign nation, and desired know the constitutional
thory for that
Mr. CALHOUN. | intended state the position of
the Senator. foreign naton," then-that is Texas He
asks them where would find any authority in the constu-
ton Tor that The Senator must remember that the
British Minister himself Lord hhereen greatly re-
spect as man and satesmanhad the candor to send
communication to be read by the British Minister the Sec
rotary OF State, whose Office then filed announcing that
their object not only slavery abolished in Texas,
but IN the United States and throughout the world Now
think nothing clearer than this that the United States
A. al.