Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1847-04-08

1DVmpnt 1GX1n Janus ludb LHG SUM liu5 duNuuCGu !
be paid over as an indemnity for the abolition of |
slavery: and | am authorized by the Texan Minister to q
to Won. that Lord Aberdeen has agreed that the
Government will guaranty the payment of the
interest on this loan, upon condition that the Texan
Government will abolish slavery
y \ y
"a movement of this sort cannot be contemplated
bv us in silence. Such an attempt upon any neigh
boring country would necessarily be viewed by this
Government with very deep concern; but when it is
made upon a nation whose territories join the slave-hoId-
ing States Of our Union, it awakens a still more sol
emn interest. Il cannot be permitted to succeed with
out the most strenuous effort on our part to arrest a
calamity so serious to every part OF our country"
Again in the same letter Mr.. Upshur says;
"But there is another view of this subject still more
important to us, and scarcely less important to Texas
herself. The e~stablishment-in the very midst of our
slaveloldinr States-of an independent government
f~orbidding the existence of slavery, and by a people
born, for the most part among us, reared up in our
habits, and speaking our language, could not fail to
produce the most unhappy effects upon both parties"
In a despatch from the State Department to
Mr. Everett, our Minister in London, Mr.. Upshur
says; at is quite obvious that slavery could not
easily be maintained in a country surrounded by
other countries whose Governments did not rec
ognize that institution" And, in a dispatch to
Mr.. Murphy, dated January is, 1874, he says,
'that if Texas should not be attached to the
United States, she. cannot maintain that instltu-
ton ~(slavery) ten years, and probably not hall
that time"
One more extract, and will dismiss the di-
plomatic correspondence upon this subject. On
the 10th of April, 1914, Mr.. Calhoun, then Sec
Rotary of State, in a despatch to Mr.. Green, our
charge d%'affairs in Texas, says;
ain making the fact known to the Mexican Govern
ment, the President enioins it on you to give it, in the
first place, the strongest assurance that, In adopting
this measure, our Government is actuated by no feel
ings of disrespect or Indifference to the honor or digni-
ty of Mexico, and that it would be a subject Of great
regret if it should be otherwise regarded by its Govern
ment. And, in the next place, that the step was forced
on the Government OF the United States, in self de-
fence, in consequence of the policy adopted by Grea
Britain in reference to the abolition of slavery in Tex
as. 1t was impossible for the United States to witness
with Indifference the efforts of Great Britain to abolisl
slavery there. They could not but see that she hat
the means in her power, in the actual condition 0
Texas, to accomplish the objects of her policy, unles,
prevented by the most efficient measures and that
accomplished, it would lead to a state Fittings danger
S GUS in the extreme to the adjacent States and the Tn
r ion itself. Seeing this, this Government has BEEF
G compelled, by the necessity of the case, and a regart
to its constitutional obligations, to take the step it has
c as the only certain and %effectual means of preventing
/, it"
c Who, sir, with this proof before his eyes, Cal
doubt the object and purpose Of Texas anneXa
ton? No one, | apprehend. Slavery was at tn
bottom of it. In the opinion of Southern states
S men, it is perfectly constitutional to invoke tn
aid of Congress to extend slavery, but |unconsti
II ~tutional to invoke its aid to restrict it Well sill
what has been done with this, third acquisition
IF of foreign territory? Why, Sir, it has been erec
ted into another slave state. SO that we hav
d admitted into the Union five slave States, Gre
L ated out of territory acquired since the adoptio
at of the Constitution, and four out of territory &C
ID ded to us by the treaty of l783-making, no.
ID in the Union, fifteen slave States and fourtee
free States! Is this, sir, a condition of thing
E. anticipated or desired by the patriots and states
III men of 1776 and 1887? No, sir, no-far frol
&c it. They regarded slavery as a great moral an
political evil a shameful outrage upon huma
lie rights, and desired to see it abolished in ever
in part of the Confederacy.
r will now, sir, call the attention of the Senat
and the country to the number of persons in tt
,e free and slave States, the density of the popul
ton, and the area of square miles in each.
III In 1910, the thirteen slave States, and Florid
r. (then a territory and the District of Columbi
IS had a population of 1884 ABA of this numbC
ID ~ 4 ,84S POS were free persons, and 2 ,4S6, 900 wei
slaves, The thirteen free States, with Wisconsi
and Iowa, had a population of 9,12S,922, whic
= is 2,254, ASS more than the whole population
the slave States, A ,7S0, us more than free pop,
to lation of the slave States. The fifteen sla,
States now in the Union, including the Distri
Of Columbia, have an area in square miles of 957
a 642. The fourteen free States, and the territol
n of Wisconsin, have an area in square miles
500, 004. SO the slave States contain 297, 60
n square miles ofterritory more than the free State
lie The density of the population in the free Stat
IN is fourteen and a fraction to a square mile
the slave States it is only seven and a fraction
IN a square mile. Surely the slave States ought n
TX to call for more territory.
he But it is the avowed purpose of the Admin
We ~tration to prosecute this war until Mexico w
&c consent to cede to us New Mexico and Upp
&c California. These Mexican provinces conta
or an area, in square miles of 576,344.
SIS If this Mexican territory, which the Preside
ch desires to acquire, and which his military chic
er have already annexed to the United States, is
he be open to the institution of domestic slavery, V
y. shall have a slave territory of | ,339,9S6 squa
r. miles.
lat will now, sir, proceed to show that slave
tie not only discourages productive industry of eve
IN kind, but that it greatly retards the settlement
nd of a State, by prcventing the emigration of white
en- This position | shall attempt to sustain
he comparing the population and productive int
no ests of some of the free States with the popul
Dr. ton and productive interests of some of the sla
he States. | will begin with Kentucky and Ohio
to LIST. Ohio came into the Union in 1903, al
has an area, in square miles, of $4,000, and h
a population in 1910, of l,5l6,467: 81 I-2 tc
square mile. Her annual products of indust
ties are $63, 906, 77S.
is Kentucky came into the union in 1892, al
his has an area, in spare miles, of 40, 900; and h
a population, in 1910, of 779,S28; 10 1-2 to
nd square mile. Annual products of industry, SO
624, 1911.
.en Ohio, young as she is, has a larger populate
ed than Kentucky, by 739,629 and a larger amt
product of industry by $25, 2S2 ,487.
ed Cd Vir0inia and PENNSYLVANIA