The Arkansas banner., 1847-12-20

eevce n esses ~ emerRency, asd fs Insg to lesvs the held as 6ng an eRenny rernnSns Co he encou- tered. Bach peliey wIll alss ss.s=sss sA>== sss- nesr enigranis with deeper fncngs sf gFsftnde for the psrentl care of thsir parcnt r0tesnnssnt when they ind their d~arest interuslS secured them by the PsrnEaReRi laws ef the land, and that they are 10 longer h danger of loo<inr tiseir houses and hard-earned improvements by being brought into competition with more wealthy class of gurehas- CTS at the land sights
 The attsnsSen Of Congress was invited at their last and is again st The present senisR to the m- Portance sf esiablisiing TerriiOrinl Government over possessions ia Oregon and it is lO be rs- gretteG that there Legislation npoa the sub jeet Oar eirizeas who snlsahit taf dissAns rexion of country still lrft without the protection of eur laws q any rpgulnEiy ofgani1ed goVernmsna. Bcfore the question of the lniia snd homnAarrs of the territory of Osegoa was ds6sisay settled from the necessity Of beir condition. the etaens o that teFritofy had cfeaisd temporary gsEerameas al their own. Besides the want of legal authority for confirming such gOvernment, II k wholly made qnate ta protect them In their rights Of peFsen and property, to secure to them the privileges and en- loymeut of other citizens which either are ent- tied, under the constitution of the United Sta,4a- They shoald have the right of suGrsge, be repre- sented In Territorial Legislature. and by Dcls- gate in Congreas, Poases the rights and privileges. that citizens of the United States have hsreiofore enjoyed, or may now enjoy.
 Oar judicial systems-~fevenue lawn--lEws re- gArding trade ndintercoae with tho Indian trfbes and the protection of oarlnws genegally should be extended over them.
 In addition to the inhabitants of that Territory, who had preSioasiy emigrated to it large numbers of citizens have followed them during tho pre- sent year; and it Is not donbsed that. daring the next year, there numbers wf 6e greatly increased
 Congress at Its last session, established post routes leading to Oregon and between different points within that Territory; and authorized the establsh- ment of post oces at Astoria, and such other pls- css the coast of the Pacific, within the territory of the United States, the public interest may re qaire Post o6ees have accordingly been establish ed,-deputy Post-masters appointsd,-ah proFis- ien made for the transportation of the Iaails
 The preservation of peace with the Indian tribes residing west of the Rocky mountains, will render it proper that authority should be given by law for the appointment of an adequste number Of Indian agents to reside among them.
 recommended that Surveyor Generals office be established in that Territory, and that the public lands be surveyed, and brought into market at an eariy period
 l recommend also. inst grants. upon liberal terms, of limited quantities of the p1bc lands be made to all citizens of the United States who have emigrst- ed, or may hereafter, within prescribed period, eEnigYate to Oregon. and settle upon the land.
 If these hardy and adventurous citixens who have encountered the dangers and privztions of a long and toisome journey, and hare si length found an abiding place fer themselves and their families upon the utmost verge of western limits, sh>uld be secured in the homes which they have improved by their labor.
 refer you to the accompanying report of the Se- cretary of War, for detzied account of the opera tions of the various branches of the public service connected with the department under his charge. The duties devOlving on his department have been unusually onerous and responsible, during the past h-AnxR claayn dsrseh and success
 Pacific relations exist with the various Indian tribes and most of them manifest strong fire nd ship for Some depredations were committed, during the past year. upon our traias transporting supplies for our army, on the road between the western border of Missouri and Santa Fe. These depredations. which supposed to have be-n eou- mitted by hordes from the region of New Mexico, have been arrested by the presence of a military ferce, ordered out for the purpose. Some catrages have been perPetrated by portion Of the North western bands, upon the weaker, and comparative ly, defeReeless neighbOring tribes. Prompt mea- sures were taken to prevent such occurrences in fu ture.
 Between one and two thousand Indians have been removed. during fe year, from the east of the Mis- sssippi, 10 the country allowed 10 them of that river, as their permanent home; and arrangements h1ye been made for others 10 follow
 Since the treaty of lc46, with the cherokees, the feuds among them appear to have suh~ided; and they haze become more united and contentsd than they have been fsr TnaHy years Past--The ComLnis. sioners appointed in pursuance of the act of Jane D. Is46, to settle the claims arising under the trca Y of e45-6, with that tribe, have executed their duties; and after patient investigation, aud full and fair examination, of all the cases brought be- fore them. closed their labors in the month of July last. This is the fourth board of commissioners which has been organized under the treaty. Am pie opportunity has been offered to all those inter- ested, to bring forward their claims. No doubt is entertained that impartial justice has been done y the late board, and valid claims embraced by the treaty, have been considered and aIlowed.-This result, and the fnaal settlement 10 be made with this tribe under the treaty of-fSi6. which will be completed and laid before you during your session. will adjust all questions of controversy between them, and produce a state of relations with them, simple, well defined and satisfactory.
 Under the discretionary authority conferred by the ac; of 3d of March last the annniies due the various tribes have been paid, during the present year, to the heads of families instead of 10 their chiefs, or to such persons they might designate except by the laws previously existing. This mode of payment has given general satisfaction 10 the great body of the Indisns- Justice has been done to them, and they grcaiful 10 the govern mrnt for 1t. A few chiefs and interested persons may cblect io fhis mode of payment; but it Is be- lievcd to b. the only mode cf preventing fraud and imposition from being praciiced upon the grea, body of the common Indians, constituting majority of ali the tribes
 Ii is gratifying to perceive that number of the ,aters have recently manifested an increased inter est in the establishment schools amongs; them; and making rapid advances in agricul'ure; some of them producing suhcigpt quantity of food for their sapport, and surplus 10 dispose of to their neighbors. The comforts by which those who have engaged in agriculture. are surrounded, tend grad ually todraw Of their less civilized brethren from the precarous means of subsistence by the chase to sbits of labor and civilization
 The accompanying report of the Secretary of the Navy presents a satisfactory account of the coBdi- tion and operations of the Naval service daring the last year. Our commerce has been pursued with increased activity and with safety and success In every quarter of the globe. under the protection of our Rag, which the Navy has csused to be respect cd in most distant seas
 In the Calf of Mexico and the Paeific. the officers and linen of our squadrOns have displayed distin. guished gallantry; and have performed valuable vices