davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1847-04-15
LECT u r E ~.
EDUCATION AND LITERARY INSTITUTIONS

EDUCATION AND LITERARY INSTITUTIONS.
In these, which are of very ancient date,
China ranks first among heather nations
But their literature is deficient IN what is
improving, and fails to secure awell balanced
mind 1t has reference to office, hence that
of females is eglected-commences at six
years of age, and is enjoined by their writer's
by many enlightened precepts. The first
name given to the child with some ceremo-
ny, is called "the milk name," usually the
name of a flower for girls, of some manly
virtue for boys. Parental government is that
of passion, not of affection. The girls have
no name but the milk name they associate
with the boys till eight years of age, when
they enter the female apartments. The boy
on entering school takes his "book name,"
with much ceremony; accompanied by his
father he is led to " the tablet of Confucius,"
where they kneel and supplicate blessing
upon the boys studies. Schools are all pri-
yate; no colleges; open at sunrise with
homage to Confucius, called " the teacher
and pattern of ten thousand ages" before
whose tablet candles and incense burn per-
petually ;-discipline is severe the pay of
the best tutors is about 5000 year. The
first book has its letters written on black
ground, which are traced by the young pu-
pill upon thin paper, the letters showing
through; the sounds he learns from the
teacher repeating them over. Classics are
only taught, of which there are five books.
History, Geography, Religion and Natural
Philosophy are not taught here, and keep
ing accounts and letter-writing are taught
in shops all study aloud. The boys school
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1847-04-15

name is usually retained through life. The
family surname usually numbers $50, among
which intermarriages are forbidden. Some
surnames amount to 10000, and one is dis
tinguished by his continuous given name.
In salutation the proper name is not called,
but such as "noble honored one' for father,
or noble loved one" for daughter. The
memory is so burdened in education, that it
prevents the talent Of invention hence they
are not an inventive people. The literary
examinations are four in number and de-
gree. The first, all males may attend, held
in district towns: 10000 or 1000 assem-
bic at Canton. The successful candidates
are posted up and said "to have a name in
the district" The first degree is often pur-
chased, and by government much profit is
realized in this way. The second examin-
alton is at the provincial capital conducted
by two examiners from Peking, the Litera-
Try Chancellor and ten other officers, in
large hall arranged in cells holding 1000
persons. The first trial is on three themes
and one poem; the second on five themes
of higher order the third on five questions
of political economy. They 60 into the
cells the night before and come out the
night after the examination, without food !;
seventy only can be successful, and their
names are cried off at midnight from the
high towers, and posted up the next day.
The third degree is conferred at Court, all
who receive it being eligible to office A
failure does not prevent one from another
trial, and therefore, sometimes father, son
and grandson stand side by side, competing
for the same prize. The system has good
effect in keeping up the standard of educa-
ton. The fourth degree is an office. There
is little in Chinese books that will repay the
reading to foreigners; they have few reli-
gious, historical, medical or biographical
works their literature is more properly d.
vided into ethics, Typography, history, poe
try and novels. Confucius was cotempora-
ry with Ezra, and he is held in the highest
veneratlon throughout China. They have
numerous proverbs, such as-"To win a
cat and lose a cow" expresses the folly of
going to law" Ivory does not come from
rats mouth" The number of Chinese
characters is A ,449, of which 1900 are
now obsolete or duplicates.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1847-04-15
KEEP THE LOAF UNDER YOUR
OWN ARM.
Ffom New-York paper, published in l776.
7 Il L e TORY

THERE was living at Haraem an old man
possessed of good estate and an only son.
who had married and then lived ii.his f;t-
theirs house, as the latter was widower.
Things went nicely for awhile, when the son
proposed to take the property and support
his father-which. was agreed to and a deed
of gift given.
After a few years the father grew old and
fretful, the son forgot his flial duty, and the
old man had to eat his meals alone from
wooden bowl in the chimney corner A
little grandson undertook to make bowl in
imitation, and being asked what. this was
for he answered, 'for you to eat out of when
you get as old as grandfather This cut
ting rebuke produced no effect, but things
went on worse and worse, until the old man
called upon friend either to take him or
aid in, recovering the property. Agreed,
said the friend Rsw take this bag Of dol.
liars, carry it INTO your room at your sons,
shut it up in. your closet, and aboutthe time
they call you TO dinner haze all your dollars
spread on your table When they cali YOU,
make a noise with them by Sweeping them
into the bag again. ..
The bait took completely. The wife had
seen the money and told her husband and
when the old gentleman came down they in
sisted upon his sitting at the table with them
and treated him very politely. The old man
informed his.friend, who gave new directions
in case the ,spp shdald' ask for the money! =.
After a few days his sop discovered the
old man yer& busIly engaged counting the
money, and at the next mealtime asked what
money il was he had been counting.
Only some money l had received for the
discharge of bond had standing out.
expect more in n few days, and fear | shall
be obliged to take Mr.. Ms farm upon which
have mortgage, as he is'not able'to raise
the money, and if the farm is sold it will not
fetch as much as will discharge the mort
gage. -.
After few days the son told the father
that he intended to build house on the farm,
and he would be glad if his father wouldlet
him have that money
Yes, child, all that l have is coming to-
you l intend giving you all the bonds and
mortgages have, but then think it will
be best to have it put altogether lin new
deed of gift will get neighbor l. to
call here and draw new one. This was a.
greed to by the son, and when the old man
got the deed, he burnt it, saying Burn,
cursed instrument of my folly and you, my
dutiiul child, must remove Immediately, un-'
less you are content to be my tenant lhave
learned by sad experience that it is best for
parent to HOLD THE LOAF UNDER HIS OWN
ARM and that one father can better mann
tain ten children, than can ten children a D..
father"
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1847-04-15
miscellaneous.
From the Young Americans Magazine.
KEEPING UP APPEARANCES.
FROM LEONARD WILMINGTON.

JUST one mile, two furlongs and seven
rods from my grandfather house, on sight
ly hill called Mount Pleasant, stood the a.
bode of JONATHAN OLDBUG, my father, in
whose spacious mansion ] spent part of my
time for would not have the reader inn
agine, that my parents were always so neg
ligent as to leave me perpetually to write
REFUSES with my uncle Gideon, or to eat
turn-overs from the hand of my aunt Han
NAH
My father was tall, stately man. with
one good coat, which he kept to wear to
meeting; one decent pair of shoes, which
lasted in my memory, seven years one cot
ton shirt, with linen collar to it--and he
was sometimes compelled to lie in bed, in
order that it might be washed. He dwelt
in large house, whose exterior, though not
splendid, was much preferable to some of
the rooms within. II was surrounded with
white fence with some of the parts bro
ken down; front gate swung upon one
hinge several of the window panes were
broken; on two of the front windows hung
two shattered blinds, which had once been
green; and before the house, as you entered
the garden, grew two spacious lime trees,
lOIHiIB d BIdlClui SiduC' ho you tHtclCu
the house, you came to large, massy, oak
door, big enough to be the gate of castle,
with an iron knocker on it, shaped for a Ii
on, but looking more like dog and hav-
ing entered the building, you saw front
entry the paper torn and colored by the
rain; on your left hand was one room COW
cred with carpet, containing an eight-day
clock, reaching from the floor to the ceiling,
and telling the age of the moon the other
furniture passable; but the rest Of the rooms
in condition which / blush to name
There, in this stately mansion, dwelt my
venerable sire, who might justly be denomi.
mated poor gentleman; that is he was a
gentleman in his own estimation, and poo,
in the esteem of everybody else.
MY father was a man of expedients and
had spent his whole life, and exhausted al
his ingenuity, in that adroit presentation o
pretences, which, in common speech, il
called keeping up appearances. In this ar
he was really skillful and | often suspec
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1847-04-15
1t is main great ocean
Withouten bank or bound,
A deep abyss, wherein there is
No bottom to be found.
LECTURES ON CHINA.
DELIVERED IN NEw-YoRK, BY THE MISSION
AIRY WILLIAMS.
From the New England Puritan
LECTURE III.
CHINESE DOMESTIC LIFE.


CHINESE DOMESTIC LIFE.
The third lecture of Mr.. Williams was on
Chinese Domestic Life, in which he spoke
of their architecture, social intercourse,
dress, and food.
Their architecture was peculiar, retain
ing the form of the tent, never having been
studied as in India, which is remarkable a.
mongst people so numerous. The usual
materials are brick and mud. Their bricks
are of the same size as with us, of blue col
our, from something in their composition,
their tiles being red. The mud used in bull
ding is made of sand, lime, and oil, which
is filled in between boards to make the wall a.,
and beaten down; this is more durable than
brick. This material is used near rivers,
where sand is easily obtained. The poorest
classes have houses of mats. Pagodas, so
frequent in China, are of religious and SUI
perstitious character. They are not only
temples for conducting the Buddhist religion,
but have an influence on the clements con-
sequently they are built on eminences, to a
great height They always have an odd
number of stories, and the smaller ones on
ly are used as temples. The celebrated
Porcelain Tower is 2l2 feet high, covered
with porcelain tiles, having nine stories, and
twenty or thirty images in each. The Chi
nese house appears like dead wall with "A
gateway as we pass by; the roofprolecting
over the door, and under it hang lanterns,
with the name of the owner, and his title, if
he is an officer. Through the gate is a small
paved court, on each side of which a roof
covers the passage way to the principal a
partments, the door-keeper and servants oc-
cupying small rooms near the entrance, and
in niche on the left side stands the house
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1847-04-15
There must be Something Wrong.

When Earth produces, free and fair,
The golden, waving corn,
When fragrant fruits perfume the air,
sAnd noecy hocks are shorn;
While thousands move with aching head,
And sing their ceaseless song
We staive, we die, oh, give us bread !"
There must be something wrong.
When wealth is wrought as soasons's roll,
From off the fruitful soil;
When luxury from pole to pole;
Reaps fruit of human toll;
When from thousand, one alone,
In plenty rolls along
The others only knaw the bone
There mus. be something wrong.
And when production never ends,
The earth is yielding ever,
A copious harvest oft begins,
But distribution-never
When toiling millions work to fill
The wealthy Golfers strong;
When hands are crushed that work and till,
There must be something wrong.
When the poor mons tables waste away
To barrenness and drought,
There must be something in the way,
That's worth the finding out;
With surfeits one great table bends,
While numbers move along
When scarce crust their board extends,
There must be something wrong.
Then let the Law give equal right
To Wealthy and to Poor;
Let Freedom crush the arm of might,
We ask for nothing more;
Until this system is begun,
The burden of our song
Must, and can be, only one
There must be something wrong.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1847-04-15
PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY MORNING.

ERMS-$ so cash in advance; So 90 if payment is not
made in advances interest always charged from the end of
Tho Venr
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1847-05-03

siarviug condition Al Ire TIM. which made Thorn
desperate On lie mefatz zfierte 14h. after lying IN
the elJ ground that gH. without any Thug TO eat sr
Two days 'ooui surprise ard satisfaction. iltre could ~
DC one lrNaa stem. NeoRt the Gfad ami wosndcd left
On the II H. le f.at had lef that ught great munp
deserted. Il VAS ma Anna's determination to whtp Us
hefo Il possible and Ia dfee u teiare hm 10 the ilo
6'anot--to take no pr ms but t all they could It
MAS death Ct v,ciety Wthus. Nothun tut the hand q
f~N dcnco saved Is. l. 0as he greatest victory ever
Won ty Aucrcaa s4dtafs. Gen. taslurat thus time Is
At Mntccy. lilo lsttatsn daas ai#tf the battle. Gen.
Wool Is with us. lleW oa2 tie VI win continue
know not. tat cue lining hnas. am ur,d ,tvut
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1847-05-03
TIIJ. NAILS.

The nail from Rl,hn3nl to this place, which nsad to
come by way of Charlottesville three times week. Is
now forwarded by the i'arnve route, 20 tar the ar
rangetnea has MT worked we'll. Ga Friday night, we
received no Richmond paper. except the h'puulran-
We hope after the LIST of July, when the contract COM
msnccs, taa mail by Farm vile mry be delivered here at
an earlier h,nr thaa hiss hitherto been By the way oil
Charlottesville
Flochs IF Pidgcms-Thc Niagara Canada " es' J
Mail Of the 18th says "A trenedaps Immigration OF
Ydgens from the ADJOINING States took place on Sunday
last. They crossing the Nla'ara r'm leioTe nne
IN thenor1ng Until past one in tho afternoon ana ta-
N.ve ~ urv..3t -7c ~ !t! ~ !":s . ,'''s' -
t7et.a
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1847-05-03
AiR MEnSlEH.

Mr.. Webster reached Rchnoud, "Wednesday,
and was to parlahe of public Dmncrho next day.
We observe that the Bar Of Charleston has had a
meeting, to make preparations i)r his reception enter
tainne1t. anl we observe m1s.ia5s called several
places to take measure, to do him honor We erior-
lain doubl that his reception. every where In Inc
South, will be highly honorable to himself and The PEG
pie,
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1847-05-03

The Undersigned. trustees IN a subsequent deed Of
sl exocatod IN John Stoner Sr, and John Stoner Jr;
dated l0 september - and oftecorl ia Bedford eoan-
~ cour will proceed to sclto the highest bidder. at the
lime aud place mentioned in the above advertisement,
So much Of the lands may remain unsod after satisfy
ng The deed mentioned in the above advertisement.
Thu land may be sold together in parcels To suit
purchasers. In the event that the whole IS sold togeth
er the trustee above mentioned and the undersigned,
will unite in decd to the purchaser.
JAMES /. JOHNSON,
EDWARD {. BJ RkS,
Nav 3-w4w Trustees
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1847-05-03

not the IN the two accounts On tn Whole though
the letter published in the Petersburg lntlig Is ef
hals the latest intelligence. we ucae to fear there
mistake IN the maJortes-aul that Dromg,olo Is elect
ed. By very thin majority.
o. W. rogiet 10 see i, announced that Gen. nram
yo1le has ded sauce the election
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1847-05-03
To DR. JAMES SAUNDERS.
LYNcnnrnc. Anr!I .9lh. lsl7

Gentemen:-l The dist nIushed aad 1analng honor
you have rendered OF an invitation oa pa6lie din
ner and The IN Isl kind and altogether ao Tutoring sen
nents Neu have accompanied tha' invitation with. az
know ledra with feelings and emotions that | be- You Ia
judo 81 rather taan undertake toeNPess and describe
mysff M1tal man ca have no be Ter and pronlerr re
ward IN this world. for any high ard vru9as pafp
than 10 lie mel a approved after such an OCCASION as
has Just passed. as have bccnm aud approved by So
many gallant and noble, and faithful and loved friends
met and cheerrd by them though having gained sig
n4l victory Il great p'tbHc cnrny,
,,npmen We have been possibly uccaicd III the receu
20 Struggle; but rctcrioS n deieai aud tending
ua d through yon to my othcrifends' very where,
The recent contest the aiierlIouate saluafians Of
warm and fithill heart, cannh but accept what, IN
der the circumstances feel bound 10 pai the hands
OF s. many gallant magnlnimous and iauI and valued
and chers ed lrends the distinguished honor indefad
to me At the time designated 10y you, shall have he
felicity t meeting ynu at 1.-THE festive bard, and, To
anatrst other praver and more solemn clncrnmonls 81
the ncnasea au "a that terrible sip - Gr joot a.
nine IN ii better guar lIng against thai iasal aeeIdent
o the AIpsDy and Funsta smashing HllI Is ad, at the
memorable Hat Creek precinct-ihe returns lfan winch
rrefnri II may BE- well ugh torennd yoo, have con
tinued 10 be aWtuy verified and conir ned ever slnfe
the election and In the same connecticut a feaihd
myself To beg Mr. Tunsall to PARDON NJ, as Al sure
he will fr The freedom Of his name IA christening anew
this N dern hue hunbug; las one god Turn always
Justiiie- another.
Accept. gentlemen, The assurances ct my hdehiy |"
you ever aud 10 those you present, as follow el2en
IN this FREE REPRESENTATIVE REPl BLlC,
and FREUD.
Your obedient servant,
JAMES SAUNDERS.
To Messrs. Daniel l. Warwick. John w. Dudley, d.
A. Wilson, Jr David w. Burton, John NJ Oney, Jas.
l.. Clay tor and NJ. Laoghornc, Jr, Of The Comalt'ee.
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1847-05-03
SECOND DISTRICT.
IronlgOole.


%. The last Petersburg ntelligenrer says that let
ter had just been received from Aela which stated that
Dr5mgooe's muorities were as f1llows-CouTt House
l6-1errapn Neck lS-Chnk Church II. Total Al
The majority for Boiling, in the other counties, Is %
which, if this the latest, negligence Re correct, elects
him by ten votes.
The Wig Of same day, horevcr, gives the flowing
To-,
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1847-05-03
Extract from the letter of IN Illinois Volunteer 10 his
brother in Lynchtutg.
Camp Buepa VISTA near salliIlo, Mexico,
>

Camp Buepa Vista, near Salllllo, Mexico,
March - lSi1.
Dear Brother You have doubtless heard ocore this
reaches yon of our long expected battle, which came of
triumphanty on the 22nd and 23d u cannot describe
to YOU the feeling bad IN seeing an army OF 45,oOo
Mexictns. under HE cumnand Of their best treneals
marching to meet 5000 green Nolun1esls. 1t was an
awful scene Al s O'clock On the I'D, the army came
in SIGHT w TOOK position IN the pass 1t 'he noun
tam and waited their arrival. The MeAcans threw
shells al us all that day without nfllcng any damage
Al day light, the next day our slumters were aroused
BY the awful sound ofcnnon roaring through the valley
Oar Reoiment was the first to receive the fire. We
were accordingly marched in front When the fire com
mencod never did see balls fall 50 fast and hustle as
they passed Ny comrades fell by my SIDE their limbs
torn from their bodies Ia tho agones Of death, they
would cry for help. Our Regiment suffered more than
any, having ID killed and 81 wounded among lhelhs2me
OF our BE- st officers Our whole lss. killed and wounded,
yas seven hundred ard fifty Ageat many Of the wound
ed will no doubt die, they are badly hurt ne less
the Mexican side was great sono say from lou 10
XO), besides several hundred prisoners. sana Anna
hsi b. nc slo, t-,r 1alsi him Et agrr" rs IL
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1847-05-03
TE.AlpEHAhnE .MEEllNG-

Ry inquest, Nh se5Hg1y VI. dc.,ctol address "a
Temperance. at B.thel. IN APumitl4N. On tao fourth
sunday in May, Al u o'eaeh.
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1847-05-03
fagttss

Married. On The l'lh lust. by the Rev. Samuel =.
Rec, Mr. SAMUEL K. IR'lsr, 10 Ais, EDIlAurrI '.
AlAFTIPlY, all 81 AmHrtsl.
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1847-05-03
~ Cd iss I'D.

1,UtRIES PIEI rs returns his sincere laaaks 10
his reads and the public generally for he very III
eTll patronage extended to hun, during the 'rst fifteen
years, and respectfully 9ecits Continuance q tho Same
i, the new firm
Me- 81
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1847-05-03
AlTENlInN nnsEenNrANY

Attend regular ueeilue Il Auui Compluy tl. FEe
nlng at hc Council hatoter. al O'Clock equipped d
Tie By Laws direct
JESSE. !. III ETON
l. L L..-L- ..-L-.- ll.-D .
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1847-05-03

reonis,on has baea made upon the Governor OF il
oi, f,r no more than two companies ofvoloneers he
Amlant General Of the State suggests that squads u .
men be raised in counties, IN when idii coP'
cs could not be obtained, aud that fur OF these conn
rrnts be united. AMI then proceed 10 elect Their OH
GERS.
Three companies are 10 be raised in the District ''
Cl,obi, which. with two more % be received from
B,lun ,re are To t,rn a ba'allionhe conman o "meh
has been conferred upon Charles Lee Jones' Esq. Of
WASHINGTON.
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1847-05-03

NLw bag GOODS AND cLcTzrzo

FEuIE saiseils.. respectfully ihfoTn The c.A4ers Ct
q Lynchbqfg aud - surrounding country. iLai ,hes
have opened branch II tlcr Busutss in this town. i,
ale house ouaerIg eenPflty Msers 19ltot 4 Iansi.
'htfc .iry VIII lake pleasure in showiog t~r Gvods
10 at hose who NY IN want in ihcr Err. Having IT,
etltics IA purchasing we a IN Manufacturing, la
ct confident tlst Ia vii &c able to sell as chssp -.
any house IA town iaey viii ho receiving fresh Ges
every week, one Of the Psftiefs Icing autly Tho
buying marscl
DAVIS, ABRAHAAIS e. 60,
i.ynchbnig.a p
LYON. ABRAnAaiS x DAVIS,
May s. t. FeiersbuTg.