The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1847-03-16

these, and be tamely driven to the other extreme of
granting, instead of exactng indemnity which would
be II required in money, change of posi-
ton which cannot reasonably expect, accustomed as
to the bathos of Mexican performance contrasted
with Mexican pretenson. No Mexican government
could enforce. if il survived long enough to decree,
the payment of the taxes necessary discharge their
ona debt, the interest it, if swelled BY the amount
of the indemnity justly due to the United States.
But the prospect of obtaining indemnity from Mexico,
is required in the shape of territory instead of money,
far from being hopeless The Mexican government is
poorer than ours and money is of importance to It,
1t would be easier for government to pay twenty mil
lions of dollars, than for that OF Mexico pay mil
lion On the other hand, in the proportion that
money is of more value to Mexico than TO u.s. the terri
tory which we would be willing to accept as indemnity
is of value than to us than to Mexico II, there
FORE should insist the indemnity in the shape Of
territory, each party could estimate its value according to
its own standard, and by consenting to pay
paravey small amount in money, arrangement might
be made satisfactory TO both, and equitable in itself.
| The question: then, is would insisting upon in
demnty the shape Of territory be either the of any
serious evil TO Mexico, violation of any OF the prin
cipes of public law Would it be either gravey inju
rious slightly unjust If would be either we
should hesitate and refrain, for the maxim jus
summa injuria, is founded on principle of natural
equity. would be neither just to Mexico, polite
respects ourselves exact from her such atonemen as
would seriously impair her prosperity as a nation
The reasons why the territory in the north of Mexico
which we would be willing accept indemnify is
less valuable to her than almost obvious
the fact is notorious, and proved both 10y the words and
acts Of the Mexican government.
! 1t is well known that general rule, the course of
emigration is from south to north-from genial
climate TO comparatively rigorous There has, there
FORE been but little emigration from the southern TO the
northern provinces of Mexico 1t has been asserted
~, N ,f 10th
provinces of Mexico is less than in the days of the
vceroyalty, when predios and misiones establish
ed and kept up not by the spontaneous emigration OF the
people, but by the exertons ana at the expense of the
government and of the church. These establishments
maintained great COST and other powerful inducements
failed attract settlers from the fertile plains and delight
full climate OF southern Mexico
The population in the most densey peopled parts Of
Mexico increases in greater ratio than in the most
sparsely settled districts For instance the population of
Guanaua the densely peoped State of Mexico,
increased from 1925 to 1912 at rate which would double
it in twentysix years that OF New Mexico from 1929 to
lS42 increased rate which would double it in twen-
tyseven years: that OF Upper California from 1891 to
1912, at rate which would double it in about thirty
nine years These facts-aken from an elaborate essay
on the population of Mexico published in the paper call
ed Ell Sglo Dies Nuere-are signal illustrations of the
tendency of emigration from north TO south, and, also,
of the unenterprising character of the Mexicans The
to them, north
In the United States the decennia rate of increase in
the thckly settled parts of the country from 10 to rs
per cent? in the States and Territories, from 60 to
800 per cent.
The consequence of this natural law OF migration, and
of the change in the political condition of Mexico has
been that the northern sections of that country have,
the revolution, been almost entirely neglected The
presidos and misones have been abandoned, and the
territory may almost be said to have reverted to the abort
ginal occupants The white mixed population, have
been unable defend themselves against the ncursons
of the Indians and the troops sent for their protection by
the government still more lawess and ferocous than
the savages In consequence of the neglect with which
they have been treated by the general government
The revolution the northern or frontier provinces Of Mex
leo have been continually threatening and have repeated
ly attempted to separate and form Independent govern
ments. Their condition is well depicted in official
port made to the Mexican Congress in March, 1915, by
the minister of and marine He says: sour whole
territory in the north object of the cupidy of
neghbors in that quarter, and it has not only been
elected, but than neglected generally
by individuals from the capital in the selection of whom
has been iaken and who have usually left sad
memorials of their government among the unfortunate
habtans;" and, abiding to recent popular movement
in California, he continues "An expedition purely mill
tary would be impoc in the present state of the Cali
tornias, Tor its inhabitants grooming under the most
oppressive yoke of the soldiery, who would per-
nit their territorial assembly, municipal bodies, tc
meet, and who compelled them to feel all the weight Of
brutal power. For these the government should
employ force but unless combined with other meas
ures of policy which, it is hoped will produce the hap
piest results
The governor of upper California at that time the
now famous General Castro, recently lauded by the
Dao, the government paper of Mexico for the irmness
and patriotism which he displayed in protesting against
the seizure of California by Colonel Fremont and Com
modore Stockton He is designated in another Mexi-
can paper, Ell picard de Casrohe rogue Castro and
is stated that all his associates the government were
characters of the stamp himself, and that their
whole time, and all the money which they could fitch
from the government, extort from the people, were
spent in bdaeS bor,acheras, juegos'-balls drinking
bouts, and gambling. These authentic accounts de-
rived from the Mexcans themselves, of the manner in
which these provinces have been governed Yet, not
withstanding the official report Congress respecting
the state of affairs in California, Castro was suffered TO
continue in the government until deposed by Governor
Stockton Another governor it is true appointed to
supesede Castro but he is accused of having embczzed
the funds, and sold the and ammunition ntrused to
him for his expedition TO California at all events he
never reached his destination.
The official report referred TO above, dates upon the
consequences which have resulted in New Mexico and
other provinces bordering the Rio Grande from the
abandonment OF the system of pesidios states that
the Indians by their trade with people, have been
provided with of every description, and have
qured the necessary intelligence to enable them to
efficiently in large bodies that the inhabitants
bic to offer resistance; and that the only service which