The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1847-08-25
COMMUNICATION.
For the Union.
Magnetic Telegraph.

entIh patents the combination necessary 10 mark,
PRINT on make sounds by electro magnetism for feie
/ graphic purposes combined nam cirCuiS-SeCond
Il pdtent.-Local circuits
Il 1t is well for those who solicited TO invest their
money nteegraphic enterprises, and cannot but be in
erestng to the public to be informed precisely in what
Professor Morses inventions consist, and what ii is
which his patents secure There are Bretts in every
community, who do not hesitate to rob their fellow
OF either fame or property If they can reap any benefit
| from 1t; but there few in our country who with
their eyes open, will incur the responsibility and discrad
of such crime.
The following extract from the specification of Morse's
first patent will show what he does and does not claim
as original in that patent, viz
Having thus fully described my invention. wish it to
be understood that do claim the of the gavanic
current or currents of electricity, for the purpose OF tele
graphic communications but what especially claim as
my invention and improvement is, making OF the
tive power OF magnetism when developed by the action of
machinery which may be used to imprint signals
upon paper other suitable MATERIAL TO produce sounds
in any desired for the purpose of teegraphc
munication. Tie only way which the galvanc
has heretofore been proposed to be used is by decompos
ton and the action oihe defective force of
upon magnetizcd bar needle and the decom.
positions and reflections thus produced the subject Of
Inspection and had no power Of recording the conmnnca
ton. therefore characterize invention the first
cordng or printing telegraph by means of electronag
"There various known modes Of producing motions
by electro magnetism but none OF these have hitherto been
applied 10 give motion to printing recording
machinery which the chief point OF my invention and
'Iaso claim system of signs, consisting of dots and
lines substantially herein forth and illustrated, in
81 also claim the types and rule in combination with the
signal levers herein described for the purpose of con-
Meeting and breaking the current OF gavanism and cleo
81 also claim, in combination with electromagnetic
used for Geographic purposes the train OF work. ac
aed by weight spring, for the purpose Of carrying the
material which The record to be made under the regis
tering pen, substantially in the manner specified.
gavanism electricity generated by independent bate
Sin testimony whereof, have heIeunto subscribed my
this 9th day of December 1885, 10 the above amend
itipDf nt
were S''''' - 'l' :" 'i' - a F. B. MORSE"
Hence it appears that it is not merely machine which
is covered by the patent, but principte-a resMt-no
by What combination of machinery it may be made
available. 1t embraces any and all combinations OF ma
f T PSiN SIGWGIS upon par or 9th" Other ae
rial or 10 PRODUCE SOUNDS'm any desired man
ner for tie purpose Of Geographic eomIn,eat,on" No
Signals of whatever form, produces sounds OF what
ever character by of magnetism as means
of telegraphc communication, can be lawfully used IN
the United States without license from Professor Morse
1t mmateal whether the machinery be used TO make
dots and marks by indenation upon aohe paper, or to
print the Roman letters, any other caracters-boh are
equally an infringement of Morse's patent Different
modes of eectng the object may be devised and patent
ed but the vital principle of them ALL having been dis,
covered and patented by Morse cannot be lawfully used
without first procuring license from him.
OF this character understand it. is the printing
telegraph OF MIR. House, in America, and MT Brett IN
Europe proposes to use, not only marks but sounds,
produced by electro magnetism and thus far, cannot be
used without Morse's permission That obtained, IT
may then be employed if any prefers it, to Morse's
machinery Indeed Houses patent only covers mode
of arriung at end already patented to Morse and
secures nothing but the right to use Houses instrument
after having obtained from Morse the privilege OF using
the electromagnetic power to make marks or sounds for
telegraphic purposes. The use OF Houses instrument
therefore, without having first obtained the right to use
Morses prior invention, Is direct infringement Oh
| Morses patent
In addition to the general principle, thus secured,
Morse has also patented the combination of dots and
| conl, n p
bet Thus, dot makes one letter. two dots another
three dots another dot and mark another, two dots
marks through the whole alphabet, Some have seemed
to think that in these dots and marks, representing let
tiers, consists the essence of Morses patent and that
they can contnve to make print the Roman letter.
they would avoid an infringement upon his right On
the contrary this elegraphic alphabet though entirely
of Morse's invention is but the most convenient and
rapid mode of giving effect the main principle OF in
vention. He spent much time and thought in maturing
printing apparatus-all of which he threw aside, IN
machinery, and the comparative slowness and naccu,
racy of its performance His patent is not to be evaded
by changing the form of the marks to be used or making
Them by coiors instead OF tndentdft0n.
Passing over the two next OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES it is
difficult to make Ineligible without view of the ma
chnery-I come to the combination of two or more cir
cults Of gavanism electricity generated by independent
batteries, by means of electro magnets, as above desert
bed" This combination was based upon the possibility
that the gavanc electric power might so far tail or
be lost long circuit as to require renewal thus
suppose it desirable to communicate between New YORK
and New Orleans by single impulse and that the power
of the battery at New York should be found insufficient to
move magnet at distance of more than 2iO miles. In
that event, here is plan by which new circuit may
be commenced at Washington, to be worked by an inde-
pendent battery located here but opened and closed at
the will of an operator in New York by means OF an
electro magnet at this point. The current from New
York, having opened and closed the circuit running
south, thus renewing the power, would itself pass into
! the ground through ground wire The battery at
Washington would perform the same office at point $40
miles further south, and on, through five or SIX CON-
| dcirc New
the second circuit would be perfectly obedent to the first
the third the second the fourth to the third and SO on
the operator New York could move the whole at will,
and write at New Orleans readily as al Philadelphia
Thus Also line of telegraph may be extended from one
end of continent the etheral moved at the same in
| slant, and by the same will.
Although this combination has not been used, at least
in the form herein described it is not certain that will
| not be found valuable one on very long lines.
These the essential parts OF Professor Morses first
patent dated in lsiO He holds second, dated In 1916,
from the specification of which the following is an ex
| tract viz:
The economy of the galvanic power by the introduce
ton of the receiving magnet is obvious When the extent
tile telegraph very great the resistance to the
battery would be required operate the pen by
the register or local magnet which Is oil small d.
mensions and has comparatively short extent OF wire
around but ha discovered that by using very long
erfu magnet produced Notwithstanding the length Of the
eegapc line may be very grea by means ola SIN all gal
vanic battery. The extent OF gavanic battery that
would produce available magnetism in the register mag
enable produce notion and thus at pleasure to make
and break the ccuto the small local battery which being
on the spot and charging the register magnet, gives per-
ect control over it, and the apparatus connected with