Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1847-04-01
VERMONT wATCHMAN & STATE JOURNAL. ARPIL 1, 1917.


pairing the population and productive industry of
some of the free States with the population and
productive industry of some of the slave States.
| will begin with Ohio and Kentucky.
lst Ohio came into the Union in 1903, and has
an area, in square miles, OF $4,000, and had pop
uaton, in 1910, of 1,5l6,467: "a l. to square
mile. Her annual products OF industry are $685.
906,67s
Kentucky came into the Union in 1902, and
has an area, in square miles, of 10000; and had
population, in 1910, of 779S2S: 10 l2 to a
square mile. Annual products of industry $685.
624,l9l.
Ohio, young as she is has larger population
than Kentucky, by 1909 and larger annual
product oil industry by $25,2S2407.
"a. Virginia and Pennsylvania.
Virginia has an area, in square miles, of TO-
0OO and in 1910 had population OF 1,239,779:
which is IL l2 to square mile. Her annual
products OF industry are S76,769,053.
pennsylvania has an area, in square miles, of
100000 and had population in 1910, of l,724,-
OBJ which is 81 l-2 to a square mile. Her an
nual products of industry are Sl3l ,033,655
Virginia, with an area, in square miles, of pa
600 more than Pennsylvania, has less popula-
ton by 4S4254 and her annual products Of in
dustry are S54,26l.602 less than the annual pro-
ducts of industry in Pennsylvania
Sd. Massachusetts and South Carolina.
Massachusetts has an area, in square miles of
$500; and had, in 1910, population of 737 500:
% to square mile. Annual products Of indus
try, S75,470,297.
Sodth Carolina has an area, in square miles, of
$4,000; and had, in 1910, population of 594,-
300: Is TO a square mile. OF this population,
321,03S are slaves. Annual products Of indus
try, 1877, 1856.
Massachusetts, with territory not one-fourh
as large as South Carolina, has larger popua-
ton by l43,24S; and her annual products OF in
duStry are S4S,29G76l more than the annual pro-
ducts of South Carolina.
Vermont has an area, in square miles of 5000;
and, in 1910, had population of 29l, 2lS SO l-2
TO square mile: and her annual products of in
dusry are S25, l43,l9l. South Carolina, with
territory more than four times as large as Yer
mont, has less free population by 23,959, and
exceeds Vermont, in annual products OF industry,
only about $2,000,00O
have proceeded far enough by way of COM
parson, to show that the free States, with no adj
vantage in soil or climate, have far oulstripped
the slave States in population and annual products
of industry, and know OF no cause to which it
can be attributed but slavery.
The slave has no stimulus to industry, because
he has no hope of lettering his condition. He
is doomed to perpetual bondage, and his children
after him. The effect of oppression and igno-
rance will always be to destroy the springs of
industry, and consequently TO diminish the annual
products OF the country. The degraded and OPP
pressed condition of the slave renders his labor
much less productive than the labor of tie intel
ligent freeman.
The slave labors from compulson, and to en-
rlch his master; the voluntarily, and to
ehfich himself. The slave has no home TO enjoy,
no family that he can call his own to love and
protect, no country to shield him from cruelty and
oppression. He is the property of his master
SUBJECT, at all times, to be restrained of his liber
ty and chastlsed in his body What lnducement,
ask, can the slave have to render his labor pro-
ductlve? None whatever.
i Slavery, sir, is not only an element of weak
ness In the Government, but it is an element of
uahger-oi appalling danger. Three millions of
oppressed, degraded human beings, in the midst
OF the country, deprived Of all political rights, and
heid as mere property, cannot but weaken the
power and efficacy of the Government to defend
ana protect lts-7ii from foreign aggression and
Invasion. Whit, sir, if Great Britain should wage
war against US, invade the southern States, and
arm the slaves against their masters? Who
then, would escape their vengeance? Sir, the
scenes OF blood and slaughter that would follow
are 100 appalling to dwell upon-nor age, nor sex
nor condition. would furnish the least security a.
gainst their brutal ferocty. Yet, sir, if we should
be so fortunate as to escape the horrors of for.
eIgn war, is there not danger to be apprehended
from the rapid increase of the slaves. We have
r We shall have 100000, and fifty wears hence
100000 Now, sir, may they not. at some
time or other, and IN some way or other Learn thei
numbers and their strength, and something Of
their OPPRESSION and write their title to liberty il
:, characters of blood and fire. Sir, | tremble fol-
e my country when think of the judgments tina
= must be in store for US for the sin of slavery.
/ One word more, sir, upon the inequality Of slave
representation.
: The free States, with a white population o
n 9,4o5,l93, are entitled to 1875 Representatives il
: Congress; that is, for each Representative O26:
n of the white population.
The slave States are entitled to 6S Represen
ID tatives IN Congress, with white population o
/, only 334O, which gives a Representative t
every 81 ,4O4: so that 81 AGA free persons in
a. slave State have as much political power on tn,
n floor of Congress as 70,2G2 white persons in
{ tree State that Is, it takes in the slave States
,d 1898 less than IN the free States to send Rep
rs rescntative to Congress. South Carolina, with
!. free population OF nearly $4,000 less than Yer
as mont, sends seven Representatives on the foo
e of the other House, while Vermont sends bu
y four.
CT But when we compare South Carolina witt
ul New York, the inequality will more clearly ap
IN pear. South Carolina, ut a ratio of 706S0 FREE
y inhabitants for one Representative with accor
C. ding TO the last census, free population of 267,
0OU, ana slave population OF 1927 30S sends L
n the House of Representatives seven members
l. whereas, with population of 2428,92l free in
At habtans, New York is represented by only thir
n ty-iour members. Hence it appears, that Will
&c II 43S inhabitants Of New York arc entitled l.
J. enc member only. in South Carolina 80 1914 cleo
member. 1t was supposed, when the Consti
: tuition was formed, that New York and the othe
IS free States received some consideration for yiel
1t ding TO South Carolina and other southern State
e slave representation, i'll the consent of thos
e States to be taxed in any system of direct taxa
+ ton which might be adopted, in proportion t
& their representation. This consideration, how
q ever, has entirely failed. The public debt ha
u been paid, and the expenditures OF the Govern
ID ment have been betrayed, without a resort to di
# rect taxation, except at three short intervals, AM
= 1t is quite certain, if the settled policy of TN
n Government for the last thirty years be not a
n bandoned that it will not again be resorted to
a means OF supporting the Government. Sl
g Vermont cannot consent to the acquisition OF for
e egn territory TO be created into new slave State
l. TO be represented upon this unequal basis.
But, sir, we have territory enough-more thai
d we can occupy for two centuries TO come.
d, The United States now have all area of 2, 600
u 600 square miles, with population Of only L.
&c to a square mile. If the population in the Unite
u States were as dense as it is IN Massachusetts, On
. to square mle,) we should have 100000, 900 c