New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-11-25

flfuliAF u the IhIfVtAcfl q
uu-but oi sende b. -. s.sSS5,.s,s<4zs-s e
frame and the body indL sc/s<sssS ..<zf3A Eys4s
Gates an animal Of quicke - yss,s
motion while the iorme 8 49, y y Z : x
was more heavy and slow cs * ssss.sse.
The main difference - In ine arrangement of the
teeth. There Is 10 vacant space between the in
cisors and canine snd mOar teeth OF the latter but
in the former you see the canine csn cross each
other and fll the vacant spaces when the jaws sre
brought together. These animals have never been
found entire bur the skeleton has been drawn from
related bones. Never was even . complete head
found o. n PalFOtherlum or EnGiiosanrus. They
have been reconstructed even from much more i'm
perfect fragments thsn are now contained ia the
Museum of Paris. The difference 10 the animals Is
not only 10 the teeth but also IN the feet the Email
i0saurus has three fingers the middle finger being
much larger than toe lateral ones, while the other
has two fingers only The older pachydermata
found in the gypsum are not OF 81 santic size-the
largest Is not greater than the horse aud some are
as small rs M ass. But IN the more recent ter.
tiary beds other genera Of this animal have been
discovered, such as the Hippopotamus. showing
the same characteristics in the canine. ncis0r a.
mOlar teeth And not only isolated teeth are found,
but ia the Val dArro, near Florence. complete
skulls have been found larger than the largest
specimens known 10 naturalists. and most Of these
are preserved IN the Museum of Paris which con.
tains the largest and most complete collection OF
fossils.
Several species oftne elephant have been found
and what is most remarkable. they Tie 10 the
coolest regions OF Siberia ami the most arctic por.
t0u of this continent The species is similar 10
the Asis,ic and African elephant, 50 that we can.
not doubt that they lived IN a much warmer eli.
mate than that where they are now buried
thereby. proving extraordinary changes intempera-
tnre IN those regions and more particularly 1t is
evident that they buried IA the countries where
they lived. The best evidence OF this is the fact
Cd. .fa rrHa.n ftaIIF
served that after disnterring the body. the flesh
was actually deyoured by wolves. These well
preserved remains are numerous in the North Of
Asia Parras. and more rcccl.iy Admiral Nrengel.
when visiting the White sea says he had % travel
for DAVIS over remains OF these fossil elephants,
aud rhinoceris and hippopotsmi, gathered on the
beaches 80 as actually TO form bills Il is m the
frozen region of Siberia that the soft parts have
been found. The hairs, skin and even the muscles
which are known q exist. show plainly that they
must have been suddenly buried alter their death,
ana could not have been dragged from the tropical
regions
There is a genus Of Pachyderms, the Mastodon.
which is entirely extinct lt Is sometimes cal ed
the Mamm0ih but Improperly, as that name should
be reserved for the fossil elephant OF Northern Asia.
Several species of the mastodon are found in this
country Europe add tropical America. The largest
species is common In this continent and appears 10
be Of recent geological date-so recent that few
geological phenomena can have taken place since
their extinction. 50 thatit is question among
biologists whether this species has not lived within
the existence Of mankind. This is a pendant q1es
ton upon which evidence Is not sufficient b deter
mine the facts. All this shows how recent such
animals inhabited this continent and how stipend
ous the changes that have occurred on the surface
OF our globe.
Next 70 the Pachyderms comes the family OF
PumiuGnt.q. Of which the Northern Elk is one The
horns Of the elk are fat on the Internal margin aud
with projections on the edges. All the Illuminating
animals are characterized By the want OF incsors
on the upper jaw. There are two groups those
which have compact horns which fail on every year
and those which have hollow horns which are per-
mauent These horns stand upon a bony proiec
ton formed ofs horny substance similar 20 the hair
and different from the enamel-iikc substance com
posing the horn Of the deer. species Of very large
size has been found.
The family Of R0deHtt1 containing many minute
species among which the beaveri the largest have
only two upper and two loser incisors.
One type ia the class oi Msmmalia has puzzled
nsturasts exceedingly, being similar in one re-
spect 70 mammals aud entirely rissimilar Ia many
others. IL Is the family Of Didsiptide containing
the kangaroo and opossum. This family has one
peculiar character they bring forth their young IN
. very imperfect state which are afterward intro
duced into a large pouch under the skin, where
they remain III they can provide Tor themseives-
BAks except TINS rNulN4tA NNriANNFf hA- si' 49,
that they have common structure OF the brain.
they differ widey-somc having the structure OF
the teeth ike carnivorous and others Ike herbv-
erous animals some are 10 fact carnvorjus and
others herbivorous and 10 Is probable that higher
consideration than that Of food will prevail to make
these a nataral group. TIE whole family Of these
Diiclphidcs except the genus Opossum. Il peculiar
10 New Holland. where also numerous fossil specie.
are found The OpOssum i the only species which
is a native OF This part Of the New World. There
are some few species in South America In View
/ Holland the species are quite numerous and ex
tremey varied iu the strnftlre a. their teeth and
aimentary ORGANS. The fact that the fossil species
are numerous also IN New Holland shows fha, the
opcssum has relation 10 that type. rs among ios
sis IN ;hat country We find almost none but The D
delnhides. Only one has been found in the plaster
| OF Paris mad no one elsewhere
/ The next group IS the ClrHir0ra. Ia those va
observe dsrreily the cutting canine teeth and tho
slender claws adapted for seizing the prey. This
Characteristic Is prtcu ary strong 10 the cat tribe
The claw which terminates the toes il arrhod and
sharp so as 70 be used As A fang.
The order Of Caruiyora contains families sun
ciently diiiercntto be distinguished. We have rsl
the family Of Sells which have all ihe structure ~
carnivora except that their nRsrs-sre united a. tH
inns and toe posteTior exiramltes are exceeding
| far back.
Next the carnivora proper which have the fingers
divided, the legs loug AMI The cutting teeth most
strongly developed. These carnirora have been
numerous Ia former ngss and 10 nct differ ~ vide
~ rom living carnivora a. fnssil hefhvora DO iruu
the corresponding living group and when speakos
Of the order of succession in the next lecture sna
show that the nearer We come - the actaal Up
which prevail upon tho surface OF our globe, the
less numerous are the corresponding ioss'is
Another family is the Bei' and d.iler chiefly BY
the firm of the anterior exIcmltrs They has q
four fingers which unite BY msinbfAns Wills ~
thumb is separated aud u used 40 l-a-As "a ~,
pending itself ia caves ~-a '.' 80 f-.r.-I =
rrsUlnr. Darias ~ sases - - -sql-l .4ea4eis g
/ BY their HAD iaet 49,.
The la.s tanii, the -.airru Or Mo1.e3 :.
hs.in 20 approach ~ ls4s - 1eni .l-s slaAS