The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1847-11-09
The next Congrcss-The Wharf.-The Presi-
dSncv. &c.

States will commence its ssion, being the
thirty-second since the formation OF our govern
ment. Before enquiring into the business whlch
our federal Legislators will be called upon 10 ac''
it may be we'll TO take glance at the condition
of parties. and their relative strength. In the
lower house the wings will have good working
ma;or;tv and IN the Senate the wings and demo-
Gratis exclusive of the party attached to Mr.. Cal
beun,s fortunes, will be nearly on par. The
Calhoun party cannot be depended upon, by
either the wings or democrats, to second any
measure which they may propose. They have
hitherto acted, and doubtless will continue to
act, independently of them casting their influence
in favor Of the one or the other, when the occa-
sion in their opinion seems to require ito when
the measure proposed meets their views.
Such being the state of parties the next enqui-
ny is, what measures of public veal will be
brought before them1 Our Mexican relations
will unquestionably be the first, as the subject is
certainly the most important at the present time.
The moment this subject is spoken of in any way,
the conduct of the wings and Wilmot proviso
men at the last session comes to mind, and the
enquiry suggests itself, will the advocates of the
slavery proviso insist upon their abstraction
going on the statute book before they will vote
supplies for prosecuting the war further, In case
such should be necessary If such should not
be deemed necessarily, in the opinion OF ma
iority of the members, our conquest OF Mexico IS
complete, and that it is not prudent, and would
not be necessary to prosecute offensive HOSTILE
ties any farther, what course will the wings re-
commendl portion of them, the fanatical
peace portion of them, headed by John Quincy
Adams, will doubtless recommend our retiring
back to the Rio Grande, and retracing our steps
from the capital, abandoning our conquests, and
virtually acknowledging before the world, that
the war on our part was unjust; but the wings
proper will not second any measure of the kind.
Again, another portion of that party will doubt
less be in favor of our establishing boun-
Diary line of our own, and retaining pos
session of the territory included within it, and
leave the nationality of Mexico over the remain
der intact A measure of this kind, we have
reason to believe, would meet the views OF the
Calhoun party in the Senate, and, probably, those
of majority in both houses. Again, portion
of the members of the two houses-how large or
how small, cannot now be estimated-will pro-
badly be In favor of annexing the whole of Mex
leo. or at least of keeping military possession OF
it until the Mexicans themselves sue for peace.
These are the measures connected with our
Mexican relations which will probably occupy
the attention of Congress Immediately after 1t
conyenes; and until we see the result of the first
few days deliberations, we cannot hazard
an opinion as to what course will pro-
badly be adopted. The supposltion, howev-
ever, is, at the present time, that msjori-
ty will be in favor of retiring to boundary
line of our own choice-one which will In
clude sufficient terrific ~ to indemnify us for all
the claims we have against Mexico, including
those for spoliato ns as well as for the expenses
of prosecuting the war and conquering it.
From the time the recommending party of Anne
ricans was ambuscaded on the Rio Grande until
our standard was placed on the Halls of Monte
yuma, in the capital of the enemy, large credit
is on our side in our accounts with Mexico
When the balance sheet is made out, this ba-
lance in blood and treasure will be fearfully great
and, reduced to dollars and cents, much greater
than Mexico can ever be presumed able to dis
charge in money. And that being wanting, terri
tory, the Only means which the Mexicans pos
sess of discharging their debt, must be rendered
by them, or taken by us, in discharge OF such
balance What induces us to suppose that this
course will probably be adopted is, the condition
of that country ever since the subversion OF the
constitution of 1924. Since that time, Mexico
has, to all intents and purposes, been without
government. The government de facto Of to-day.
consisting of a military tyrant and an army, would
be deposed to-morrow-the Presidents or dicta-
tors place filled by another tyrant, who would
nullify the acts of the preceding government.
Such has been the character of the Mexican
Al AE tIaa
tuition of 1924, to the present day. Since the
breaking out of the present war, even, the Mexi-
cans have had four presidents, whose popularity
with the army was the only title they possessed
TO the office. In fine, anarchy and despotism
have alternately ruled that uni ortunate country
since the time we speak Of Judging the future
by the past, what guaranty have we that any
treaty of peace we might make with the govern
ment, de facto, that might be in power at the
time, would be preserved We might, and pro-
badly would, find it necessary to guaranty the
stability and integrity of the power, that made
the treaty, in order to receive its advantages
This would, to all intents and purposes, be {
continuation of the war; for we should b,
forced to continue powerful army in their coun
try; and TO suppose that conflicts between it and
INC rival ldCllOHb WOuiu uOt tuhC PioSct "Ouo
be to suppose what is unreasonable. Therefore
1t is plain that a treaty with the government, and
we to sustain that government, is out of the
question. How would we fare, provided we
made treaty by which the enemy would cede
all we demanded in satisfaction for our expense
in blood and money, and our forces were to re-
tire to the boundary provided for in it, without
guaranteeing the government which made it
We would not be a whit better off. he war
party is strong in Mexico, and the hatred
of the masses Of the people to us is invete.
rate. We have seen, since this war broke out
the emblems Of the national religion lifted
high in the hands of the ministers of that religion
for the purpose of exciting the masses to resis
lance. We have seen priests at the head of, ano
IN command Of guerilla parties, saughtering oul
soldiers and annoying them to the fullest extent