The Arkansas banner., 1847-12-20

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 nisUi, under sutheriiy, should be, as soon as possible. established over tiem. Should ongTcss, therefore. determine tocld these provinces Pcrma- nensly, and that they shall, hereafteT be conSJ r ed constituent part of country the early eSiab- llshment 0f territorial governments them wi
 be important for the perfect prot Of per sons ana property ,,Iad eOIhnleal that s1eh ter riioria governments be established I will promote peaSe aad Tranquility eusoag the iahabitanls. by aliaying all apFrriesioas that they may eutertun
 og being sabls eted again io the jar ,saiction of M"Aica Invite the early and favorable consider a.ion of Congress to this important subject
 ijssides New Mexico ani the CalifOraias, there arc A,hcr Mexican provinces which have been dnccNss$o our pO~sessOn by conquest These ether MeHieaA provinces are now governed by ear naval and milifhry comInandeFS, under the general as- thoriy which Is conferred upon cenqaeror by the laws oi war. They should continue to be held a
 means of coercng Mexico to occede 10 just terms of peace. Civil well military officers are requlr- cd io conduct such government. Adequate com peuSation, to be drawn from contributions levied upon the enemy. should be fixed by law. for such officers may be thus employed What farther may become necessary and what final disposition il may be proper to make of them, mus: depend the future progr of the war, and the course Mex
 ico may thsak proper hereafter 10 pursue.
 With the views 1 entertain, cannot favor the policy which has been suggested, either to with draw army altogether, to retire to . desigHa
 ted line. and simply hold and defend it. To with draw our army altogether froul the conqnesss they have made. by deeds ef unparalleled bravery, and at expense of So much blood and trcasare, in a war I just part and one which. by the act of the enemy, we could not have honorably have avoided, wouia b. 10 degrade the nation in it's estimation, and in tnai of thc world. To retire to a line, and simply hold and defend il. would not terminate the war. On the contrary, il would encourage Me1ico to per$evere, aRi tend to pFotraet il indefinitely.
 IL k not to t. expected that Mexico, aftcr refu- sng to establish s'iciI a line permanent boun- dary, when oar victorious armies in possession of her capital, heart of her country would per init 10 hold it witsout resistance. That she would continue if. and that in the harrassng and aBnoying forms, there can be no doubt A border warfare of most savage character. extending over long line, wOsld unceasingiy wage. It would .equire large army to be kept continually in the tirld stationed ai posts and garrisons along such
 line, to protect and defend il. The enemy reev- ed from the presence of armies on his coasts
 and in the popueas parts of the interior, would di- rect, and selecting isolated post for attack would concentrates tis forces upon it. This would be condition ot affairs which the Mexicans pursuing their favorite system of guerrilla warfare, would probably prefer 10 any other. Were we to assume defensive attitIoe such line, all the advanta- gcs of such state oi war, would be the side of the enemy. We could levy contributions upon him, ia any ether way make him feel the pres sure of the war, but must remain inactive, and a- wait his app oaeA, being in constant uncertainty at what point of the line, at what time he might make the assault. H. may assemble and organize an overwhelming force ia the interior. on his own side If the line and conceang his puF Fposes, make a sudden assault upon some of our posts. dis
 ant from any other t0 prevent the possibility of timely succor or reipfoicemeni; and, in this way. our gallant army would be exposed to the danger of being cut off in detail, or m by their unriyallcd bravery and prowess, every where exhibited du- ring this war. they should repel the enemy, their numbers, stationed at any point, may be too small 10 pursue him. If the enemy be repuls.d
 n an attack, he w have nothing else to do but retreat 10 his side of the line, and being in no fear of pursuing enemy, may reinforce him. self al leisure for another attack on the same or some oher point. He may, too, cross the line be- tween posts, make incursions into the country which we hold, murder the inhabitants thereof and then retreat to the interior before sufficient force can be concentrated 10 pursue him. Such would, probably be the hsrra$sing character of a mere de- iensive war on our part If our forces. when at- tackled, threatened with attack, be permitted to cross the line, drive back the enemy, and conquor him. this would be agatn 10 invade the snemy's country after having lost all the advantages of the i conquests, have already made, by having voIun- i tarily abandone them. To hold such line sue cessfuily, and in security, il is far from being tain that it would not require as large an army as would b. necessary 10 hold all the conquests We have already made and 10 continue the prosecution } of the war in the heart of the enemv's eountrv.- IL is also far from being certain that the expenses of the war would be diminished by such policy.
 am persuaded that the best of vindca-
 ting the national honor and interests and of bring ing inc 10 honorable close will be to prose- cute it, with increased energy and Tewer, in the vital part of the enemys country. Iu my annual message 10 Congress declared that the war had , | not been naged with view conquest; but hay ing been commenced by Mexico, it has been ear
 risx into the enemy's country, and will be vigorous ly prosecuted there, with q view obtain an hon- orahle peace; aud thereby secure ample indemnity for the expense Of the war. well to our much
 injured citizens who hold a large pecuniarv de- mand against Mexico. Such, in my judgment con tinacs to be true policy indeed th- only poli- cy " hich will probably secure permanent peace lt has never hren coniem dated by me, as an Ot- Jeci oi the war. to make permanent conqGest of the Republic of Mexico. to annihiata her sepa- rale existence as an independent nation; oh the contrary. n haS ever been my desire that sine shouId m siniain her nationality, and under a good govern meni, adapt 90 her coalition, ba prosperous and tfree republic. The Unied States were the first among Inc nations to recognize her independence and has always desired to be terms of ainitv and good nciGhborhooc with her. This she would moi suffer. By her owa conduct we have been eot.I- p-iied to engage n the present war. Tn it's nrOs,- cution We seek not her overthrow as a nsiion but } in sindicatiRg patioaa! honor We seek 10 ob-
 tain redress for the wrong she has done us and in- ! dcalli;y for jus, dcmands against her We de- mand an honorable peace, and that peace must bring with il indemnity for the past and security for the future. Hitherto Mexico has refused ali accommo- ! cation by which such peace could be obtained.
 hilst our armies have advanced from victory to victory from the comme mt of the war; il has always been with The olive branch of peace m their hands, and il has been in the power of Mexico, at every step, 10 arrest hOstilises by accepting it.
 5 One great objection 10 the attainment of peace } has undoubtedly arAen from the fact thgt Mexico I has been so long held in subecon by one faction, or military usarPer, after another; and such has been the condition of insecurity n which these sac- cessive government have been placed that each has been deteFred from making peace lest for this very cause, rival faction might expel il from power
 Such Was the fate of President Herrera s admin isFation in is45, for being dsposei even to listen to the oyertres Of the U states prcven, the war as is fully confirmed by an official correspondence, wh'ch look place in the month of Angus, last, be- tween him and his government, copy of which Is