davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1847-08-05
AUGUST 5, 1871.

ROADS ROAD MAKING.--VALUABLE INFoRMATIoN.-
Professor Gillespie says his book roads : straight
road uneven and hily country may, at first view
when merely set upon the map be pronounced to be bad
road for the have been obtained either by
submitting to slopes in ascending the hills and descend
ing into the Valleys these natural obstacles have
been by mourning great and unnecessary
pense in making deep cuttings and filings
s. good road should wind around these hills instead OF
running them and this it may often do without all
increasing its length For if hemisphere (such half
bulle be placed rest upon its plane base the
halves of great circles which join opposite points of this
base all equal whether they pass horizontally ver
caly. Or, let egg be laid upon table, and it will be
that If level line be traced upon from end to
the other will be no longer than the line traced between
the points, but passing the top Precisely may
the curving road around hill be often longer than the
straight it; for the latter road stragh only with
reference to the vertical plane which through and
curved with reference horizontal plane while the
former level road, though curved the vertical plane
straight horizontal one Both lines thus but
call the latter straight in preference, only because its
vertical curvature is less apparent to our eyes.
" The difference in length between straight road and
which is slightly curved, is very small If road be-
tween places miles apart, made to
that the eye could nowhere farther than quarter OF
mile of it once, length would exceed that of per
tccy straight road between the points by only about
one hundred and fifty yards.
But if the level and curved roads very much
longer than The straight and steep one ii would almost al
ways be better to adopt the formers for on 1t horse could
safely and rapidly draw his full load while the other he
could carry only part OF his load up the HILL and must d
minsh his speed in descending it, "A general rule the
horizontal length of road may be advanageousy increased
avoid ascent by at least twenty times the perpendcu
lar height which to be thus saved that is escape
hill hundred feet it would be proper for the road to make
such circuit would increase its length thousand
feet The mathematical axiom, that straight line is the
shortest distance between two points, is thus to be
unsafe guide in road making, and less appropriate than the
paradoxcal proverb that the longest way around is the
shortest way home
The geny curving road besides its substantial advan-
tages is also much pleasant to the traveller upon-it
for iatgued by the tedious prospect of along straight
stretch of road be raversed and is each by
n constantly varied view"
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1847-08-05

In the New York Commercial Advertiser of the cd
inst, we find the following statement:


inst, we find the following statement:
UNITED STATES TREASURY WARRANrs--We had show to
us this morning war warrant for $780, mo s95s regular
ly signed by W Selden, Treasurer Of the United States,
and X. III. Gtlet Register Of the Treasury, and drawn
upon the Assistant Treasurer of the United States in the
city Of New York 1t endorsed in due form, and pre-
sened to the latter officer this mornings when, very much
TO the surprise of the holder, payment refused not for
the want OF funds in hand, from any suspicion OF the
genuneness OF the draft, the manner In which u had
been obtained but because, being dated ON the 2ih OF
April last it had been issued more than eighty days The
assistant told the gentleman who presented the
warrant that il he cashed IT, would not be allowed IN his
settlement with hegovenmeni tor ne had positive nsrnc
than eighty days. What can be the object of so
singular Order il s hard to divine bur y easy to see
holders of drafts many of whom may be unable TO present
trouble and risk and farther delay of sending
them the department at Washington, have others
issued in their places
We think it proper state that the editors of the Com
mercial Advertiser the draft only not the warrant
on which that draft issued. The latter is always
retained in the Treasury the authority for issuing the
former.
II is OF the greatest importance to the speedy and
curate settlement OF public accounts that the drafts should
be returned TO the accounting officers as early as may
after they shall have been paid; because, until
turned, the Treasurer who draws the drafts cannot get
discharge for the warrants he may have satisfied This
rule has been stringent, that where sundry drafts
have issued in discharge of single warrant and any
of those drafts has remained unesented at the proper
place for payment, the accounting officers have delayed
all credit to the Treasury account of any payment
under the warrant To speed, therefore, the presenta-
ton and payment of drafts drawn upon depositaries
distance the Secretary has directed, by printed circulars
which have gone the rounds of the newspapers that
drafts payable at given distances from the Treasury shall
be presented within prescribed time and if not, the
depositary shall decline pay them until he shall have
placed upon those drafts some further authority from the
department. But in no instance has the government
hestated to give the further authority when asked give
it, provided nothing but delay accident has pre-
vented the payment the first presentation The holders
OF the drafts take them with knowledge
if not acual-that they required 10 present them
within given time and if they fail to do So it their
own fault
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1847-08-05


By the following letter from Professor Rumker, which
have been permitted TO copy, our readers will see that
another planet has been discovered II is probably an
asteroid II is represented to be about the ninth maSn-
tude, and first seen July 1, 1917. We shall, no
doubt have further of the stranger from Lieut.
Marry so the weather shall permit him to turn
the superb instruments of the National Observatory upon
it:
HAMBURGH, July Q, 1917.
My DEAR SR hasten to inform you that the same Mr..
Hencke who discovered Astrea, has discovered another
planet have observed it twice, and Professor Encke
before me- having had earlier intelligence
EHcke.
Mean time, Berlin A. r. Planet. Dec.
Iiosr. Min Sec. Deg. Min Sec. Deg. Min. Sec.
July 8, 10 IL IL 23o 81 3j4 II 292
hare Observed
Mean time, Hamburger A. r. Dec
Min Deg Min. Sec Deg. Min Sec.
July G, IL % - 256 IS 0t II 10 BIB
July A. 10 i6 1873 256 II 5l2 "a BOP
You shall receive further Intelligence Mauva has DIS
covered, the day before yesterday, new comet;
Mean time Paris A. " in time Dec
Hour. Min. Sec. Hour. Min. Sec. Deg. Nun
July 4, 10 80 ~ 10 --5J 70
in Ursa MINORS, which is still approaching the pole
Yours, truly G. RUNNER,
Lieut. M. +. MAURY, u. s. N,
Superintendent National Observatory.
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1847-08-05
British Postage on American Letters.

Major Hobbie, the able Assistant Postmaster General
who went out in the steamer Washington, has not
turned in her to the United States II is equally fortunate
that he went out and that he did not return because he
was met by regulation bearing oppressvey upon our
mail steamers, and hope he will remain long enough
in England to have it corrected. No is better
quanted with the laws which regulate the Post Office
Department, nor the in which the whole system
ought to be conducted The has been already OPEN
ed in the American papers, and have thought it
duty to investigate the facts We are indebted to in
ellgen officer of the General Post Oficethc Postmas-
ter General himself being absent for few days only from
the post TO which he has devoted much OF his time
and labors-for the following facts in the case.
We understand that upon the arrival of the Washing
at southampton, Unexpectedly found that the
letters landed for transmission within the British islands
to be charged with the foreign postage, in addition
to the inland, in the if the letters had
been conveyed across the water in the Cunard line,
otherwise under contract with the British post office,
Major Hobbie Immediately upon ascertaning this fact,
proceeded TO London to demonstrate against this exac-
ton In conjunction with Mr.. Bancroft he is still in
negotiation with the British government upon that sub
ect-a negotiation which can terminate, persua-
ded, but in way.
lhe united STATES entered lntO u CoHudC WIFI tie
British post office in 1910 to transport for Them IN bulk
their mails arriving Boston, territory to St
Johns in Canada, and backan arrangement, sup
pose very important to them the line to Boston far
surpasses in commercial value and Importance the line
up the St. Lawrence We stipulated for eighteen cents
and fraction the ounce, he distance being supposed to
be upwards of 300 miles being considerably less than
our established rates of POSTAGE and stipulated further,
if these rates should be reduced by law, to make
responding reduction in the rate of charge the British
mails. This reduction has been made, and now
charge but ten cents per ounce, with twenty-five per
cent for the fractions OF weight in letters Of the
charge of cents other foreign letters landed in
ports is not made any of these.
Upon the report of Major Hobbe giving notice of the
demand aforementioned, the Postmaster General in
structed him give notice TO the Postmaster General of
Great Britain of the abogaon of this contract at the
expiration OF ninety days, agreeaby clause reserved
therein.
This, suspect is all that has yet been done our
part.
Yesterday another report was received from Major
obbie, but it has been sent TO the Postmaster General
without the seal being boken and oday understand
despatch addressed by Mr. Bancroft to the Secretary of
State has been sent to the General Post Office by the
subject and merely shows that negotiation only still
being strenuousy urged upon the British government,
and upon the footing of the most liberal reciprocity.
Mrs Polk returned to Washington this evening from
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1847-08-05
Flour, bbls. Wheat, blu. Corn Blu. Barley bu
lSi7 I5l0l6 1868 3G9 1872 $685.
lS4G 65,490 79363 576O6 1886

The interregnum between the abolition our old courts
olaw and the operation of the new produced sort OF
legal ancursm which is regarded with an evil eye both
by lawyers and suitors The Supreme Court of law and
equity will not hold its first until next month and
before the end of last month beyond 1000 cases were a
cumulated for its decision We shall want five or six
courts constantly in session in this city, for many months
George H. Barrett-"genlemanC ieorge"--sour George
has arrived in the Hibernia from England He says
he offered Jenny Lind five hundred pounds night for
short American engagement of forty nghs-say 100000
for the whole and was refused
The imports the house on Monday last amount
ed to 1887 S5i and the duties received $194I6 o.
The weather continues fine heart could wis,--tla
hotels and boarding in the country always excepted
There is irresistible temptation leave aud The
comforts OF your own home Just ZED
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1847-08-05

MARYLAND LIGHr ARruLERY.--Thc company of volun-
eers under the command Capt Tghman were yester-
day marched TO Fort McIIenry, and mustered into the
vice of the United States Forty three present
but this does comprise all who ready start There
is arm OF the service in which distinguish
themselves than the light artillery, and this opportunity fnr
nishes chance being the first given to volunteers to
raise such corps The company is to be attached to the
battalion under the command of Col Hughes, which has
already left for the seat OF war.-Bat. Sun
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1847-08-05
CITY OF WASHINGTON.
TuUpsDAy NIGHT. AUGU$T f. 1917

10, Some idle reports put in circulation this
tnp-sad have been received through the telegraph
from Richmond-that General Scott had been defeated
and wounded, &c The whole story without any oun
aton for the telegraph, in fact announced that the mail
had not through from New Orleans, and that there
was no nail from the army.
Our southern mail which arrived this evening does
extend further than Savannah The failure is ascribed
the state OF the water
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1847-08-05

DISEASE AMONG THE cArrE.-The cows and horses OF the
neighbohood Of Pennsville, Salem county, New Jersey,
have been attacked with something like the cholera. We
notice enumeration OF 100 cows well several
horses, having died in week
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1847-08-05

CHEAP PosrAGE.-The number of letters mailed Mt The
Salem ass) post office, in the quarter ending June 3d.
last was 209@b increase the corresponding quarter
Of last year. 3,lIl The receipts postage amounted
to 81, 565; increase OF the quarter SlsT 80.
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1847-08-05

Hon Henry Clay is Mt the White Sulphur Springs,
having arrived there Thursday night last He Is said
to be looking in funer health than for some time past.
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1847-08-05

a recent letter from the Hon. H. L. Ellsworth, of lndi-
ana formerly Commissioner of the Patent Office, states
that be has 1000 acres in from which he expects TO
axe 90 bushels to the Only imagine 900 bushels
Of corn on farm !-Aie1 Ga-effe.
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1847-08-05
EDITORS CORRESPONDENTS.
From our New York Correspondent.

New York. August 4, 1917.
As if not half satisfied with the he has done
already on General Tayor's presidential prospects, friend
Greeley puts into them this kind of plunging fire:
We do not believe General Taylor will be the candidate
for Pesidentn the free States, at ratebut shall
need and hope 10 have the least OF the wings who
prefer him for the whg candidate when minated"
As the ''nced," "dvil doubt" Mickey says
TO the res-nous 1t is very clear which way
the wind blows More than show il. Tho Ex-
press too, little while ago fierce for Taylor" backs
water and, if taken with sudden twinge of emorse
gives faint huzzas for the embodiment" 1t says:
"As TO our own personal preferences hesitate
say and never have hesltaed To that Henry Clay is
man, if our wishes can be gratifed."
The Express, too-et tw Brutel
The ewing State Central Committee CONSISTING Of as
F. Kirkland, Seth G. Hawley, IL z. Haynor aud some
hall dozen Others whom nobody knows) have called n
convention OF the universal whg party" this State at
Syracuse the 9th of October nominate candidates
the offices of Secretary of State Comptroller Attorney Gen
era Treasurer State Engineer and Surveyor Canal Cou
mssioners and Inspectors of State Psonsall whom
under the constitution, be vored at the fall
election. swell, let em CALI saith testy democratic
friend, and firm foe OF anrensm and all ts works
and the comment is significant The democrats mean TO
carry New York this time
comparison of New York 1T is with what it was
twenty years ago, exhibits in very strikng manner the
rapid growth OF the young Empress of the West The fol-
lowing statistics given in morning paper, and
doubtless correct enough in the main, though the popula
ton (tor mstance) may be somewhat overrated:
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1847-08-05
1927. 1917. Inc rease Decrea3e
Population, l7,22O $4,000 22OSsl
Imports, I7S3lH 1929, 1872 80 4S664J
Duties received, H. IT'S l39 IL ,3O0.697 6,l2255S
Exports, 22,309,362 81, 493,4S3 l5,lsil2l
Registered
12S,7O2 260,S96 132 1871
Licensed
mage, I32443 3II,626 I79IsI
Banks, 100000 2i,0lI,76O 7,9ll,76O
insurance
panes, H. 5000 5,ss3,7OO I5633J0
Other corpora
tons, 4,sOO,392 ls,i65,s2o 10 6G5 42s
Value arrivals
by Hudson
ri,,a nnon

The 1927 was the great year of expansion and specu
laon in insurance stocks, when Jacob Barker aud Henry
Eckord 6ourished and fell. Hence the decrease in that
single item The imports and exports for 1876 The
increase under the head "Arvals by Hudson river" is
worthy of notice. The Erie canal first opened in
1927 That is the
BY the official documents in England the number of pas,
sengers csatutc ndus') that left Liverpool for the Uled
States and British provinces, from January June 3D.
six months, was 80 952 Children under IL months be-
ing counted, and those from that the of ii being
counted two statute adult, it is much
sumo that the entire number of souls added popua-
ton of North America was fully 100000.
The French steamer Philadelphia appears to be u
nervessel than the Union She is 24S feet long 45 feet
beam, and 45O-horse power Her cabin accommodations
are CONNIE FAM for instance, her silver plato the
amount of $l5,0U0
The movement of produce from the interior shows, as
yet but very slight symptoms of abatement The quantity
OF flour, wheat and barley left lde-water during
the fourth week in july in the years 1916 and 1917
lows;
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1847-08-05

The New York Evening Post OF yesterday says that
the elections which take place this week may decide the
political complexion OF the House of Representatives in
The next Congress Representatives were chosen in In
dlana' Alabama, and Iowa, on Monday and during the
hrs' threesays of the week in Kentucky. Tomorrow
he elections are to be held in North Carolina and Ten
hessee, and to NIL Me vacancy in Virginia"
We have yet received returns, of coursc-except
IRON the district in Virginia. which took place to- day.
and for this return, brief 1t u.s. we are indebted to the
telegraph. The following is me bulletin we have re-
celved from Richmond:
BY TELEGRAPH.A
THE UNION.
RICHMOND, August 8, ISi7-C H. 4J M
In Petersburg, O'clock Boiling (,vhig) ony seventy
eight votes ahead of Meade Wing passengers in ME cars
say mere were about hundred wing votes that had not
been poied Last spring Bongs minority over Dromgool
was III Inc democrats in fine spirits and confident
Meades election.
1--WE confess that we cannot yet realize the wonders of
the telegraph Here we have accounts in washington
at 45 minutes past O'Clock this evening of the state Of
hepo in Petersburg at o'clock There is no ,ele0y,nb
from Richmond TO Petersburg and the intelligence from
the latter city brought in the railroad cars Tins we
hear in Washington of what took place at Petersburg this
evening in two hours and fortyfye minues-much the
larger portion of that time being consumed in carrying
The news to Richmond II the telegraph line had been
extended TO Petersburg, we should have heard of the
Stale OF the poll down TO o'clock, or later-UNIoNJ
IMAGINARY TRouBLss-Half gricls are imaginary.
before you have arsenic, therefore, try what
virtue there is In Instead of your business be
deranged, tmay out to have been nothing but your
stomach Two thirds of the melancholy in the IN arke is
nothing but Indigestion.
heal
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1847-08-05

Mrs Polk returned to Washington this evening from
Tennessee.
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1847-08-05

The telegraph is now completed from Buffalo to Mon
The northern tribune. [volume] (Bath, Me.) 1847-1855, 1847-12-15
Reception.
chusetts.

All the arrangements being completed, Gen.
Taylor as the guest of the City, will enter
New Orleans to-day. The Mary Kingsland,
with the City deputation, will proceed to the
Barracks at nine o'clock, and with the ac-
companying boats, will return so as to land
the General at the First Municipality ferry
wharf near the Place d. Armes, at o'clock,
when the reception and procession will take
place.
We learn with pleasure that Gen. Taylor
will back "old Whitley" in the procession,
unless from a slight lameness, which he at
present has, he should not be fit for duty, in
which case the General will mount his other
war steed a troop horse which he rode at
Palo Alto, and sold Buena Vista" will be
led in the procession, withouta rider.
The ship and steamboat Masters are respect
fully requested to hoist their colors and dress
their vessels with flags at sunrise.
The Corporation dinner will take place at
the St. Charles, at o'clock, at which, besides
the city authorities there will be, as invited
guests, the officers and dignitaries of the Gen.
eral and State Governments, ex-Members of
the Legislature, officers of the Army and
Navy of the United States, etc. etc.
The General will attend the Orleans Theatre
in the evening.
There will be display OF Fire Works in
the Place d Armes at TO clock, and in Lafayette
Square at half past 8.
st. Charles Hotel will be brilliantly illumi-
mated in the evening--N. o. Bulletin, Dec. 3.
The northern tribune. [volume] (Bath, Me.) 1847-1855, 1847-12-15

and right, his paternal love for the whole
country, the absence of all bitterness of feel
ing towards opposers, and the elevation above
sectional and party feeling which characterize
the papers of Washington, are strangely and
strongly in contrast with the anxious, fevered
excitement, which runs through the paper
now before US, with the desire everywhere APP
parent to make a case, to justify one course
and party and to reflect upon another-the
fear of standing unfavorably in the estimation
OF the country, and hence pleading his own
cause as it truth and singleness of purpose
would not Go it for him in short, tone of
selfish care pervades the whole, and gives pain
to the reader from beginning to end of his
task.-Mercantile Times.
The northern tribune. [volume] (Bath, Me.) 1847-1855, 1847-12-15
DOMESTIC PORTS.

NEW ORLEANS-Ar I'd a 4th, ship United States,
Swanton, Boston. Cid barque Alice Frazer, Trott do.
MOBILE-Cld I'd, barque Mcdora, knight, Havana.
PENSACOLA-Ar prev to LIST, brigs Monterey, KEEL
lar, Baltimore; Uzardo, Mereen, Havana
BALTIMORE-Ar 10th, sch Romeo, Blanchard Port
land. Cid 10TH barque illus, Whorf Sagua la Grande.
PHILADELPHIA-Cld 1lth, brig Martha Kinsman,
Dennson, Maanzas sch Avon, Gushing, Newbury-
port.
NEW YORK-Ar l2th barque Franklin, Cook, Lam
zerotte, 90 DIS; brig Cordea, Hatch, Ponce, 10; schs
VIM Henry, Leo, Patriot, and Texas, Thomaston sip
Senator, Westpor Sid llth, ship Archelaus barque
VIM Larrabec; brig Capt John.
PROVIDENCE-Sld 18th, sch Henrietta, Crowell,
Wilmington, NC.
BOS1ON-Ar 18th, ship New England, Sprague,
Sprague, Liverpool, Oct 30 Cid brig Almira, Brown,
N Orleans; sch Eliza Jane, Spauding, Thomaston.
Sid barque Express.
PORT LANDAU 18th, sch Jane Yates Yates, Bos-
ton Lucy Spear, Robbins, Thomaston for Richmond !;
Milo, Waterman, and Royal George, do for Boston.
Cid barque Nathl Blake, llsley, Havana.
WlSCASSET-Ar 9th brig Helen, M'Fadden, Bos-
ton schs James, Echo, and Challenge do. Cid 18th,
ship Tellassar, Wood Charleston schs Oracle Cros
by, and Visscher, Robinson, Boston. Sid big John
Clifford, Staples, hatanzas.
BANGOR-Ar 9th, brig Allston, Pierce, York
10th, sch lvanhoe, Packard, do.
EASTPORT-Ar I'd brig Albert Fearing Bucknam,
Philadelphia (and sid 9TH for st John, NIB.
The northern tribune. [volume] (Bath, Me.) 1847-1855, 1847-12-15

From WAsHINGToN.-A caucus has been
held by the Locofoco Senators, in relation to
the organization of their Committees. Mr..
Hunter will be Chairman of the Committee of
Finance, and Mr.. Sewer of Foreign Affairs.
Mr.. Benton wishes to decline acting as the
head of the Committee on Military Affairs,
and he will be succeeded by Gen. Cass, or Col.
jefferson Davis, of Mississippi l. CorrespOn-
dence Of N. Y. Jour. Of Com. dated Dec. 10M.
The northern tribune. [volume] (Bath, Me.) 1847-1855, 1847-12-15
The Presidents Message.

There is a sad falling off in the tone of
American state papers generally, and in none
more conspicuously and painfully than in the
messages of late years. Compare the message
on hand with the state papers Of Gen. Wash
ington, for example, and the most ordinary
mind must perceive the difference. The calm
dignity. the conscious integrity, the serene re-
pose Of the mind in its reliance upon truth.