New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1847-12-08

Va Wts0On We f10HlQ avail O4rn<INe9 o.
our resources and thus limit the Of the public
Indebtedness TO the lowest possible sum.
recommend that the existing laws the subject Of
ptempton rights De amended and modified % q. TO op-
crate prospecvey and 10 embrace all who may settle
upon tne public lands and msks improvements upon
inem before they are surveyed 60 well as siierwsrd Ia
s cssss where such settlements may b. made after the
lnfi.n tile shall hsvr been exiting uished.
II The right Of preepptOn be thus extended Il will
embrace large and nerorous class Of our citizens
IL Will Increase the number Of snsu freehoders upon
our borders. who will Do enabled thereby 70 educate
tneir children and other~ife improve their condition,
While thay Will be found A. all tncs they have ever
proved themselves 10 be 10 the hour Of danger 10 their
country among hardest snd best volunteer soldiers
ever really 10 tender their services IN Of eer
geDcy aud among the lest t0 lesve the field long
40 enomy remains 10 be encountered Such policy
will sso Impress tbese patriotic pioneer emigrans win
deeper feelings Of grsUde for the parental Of their
government when they md their dearest interests
cured 10 them BY the permanent laws Of the land, and
that they longer IN danger Of losng their homes
and hardesrned improvements BY being brought into
competition with more wealthy class Of purchasers a.
the land sales.
TIE sttenton Of Congress invited their last and
the preceding session - the importance Of establishing
T1rritOris government over possessons IN Ore
gOB aud IL 10 be regretted that there was no egsa
ton the subject Our citizens nhablt that dis
t4D region Of country stl left without the protection
OF cur laws or any regularly Organized government
Before the question Of limits and boundaries OF the
rory Of Oregon was definitely settled from the
city OF their condition the inhabants had established
temporary government OF their own.
Betides the want Of legal authority for continuing
such Government il 10 wholly inadequate 10 protect
toern In thr rights Of person and property 10 secure
TO them toe enjoyment OF the privileges 4 other cn
zens 10 which they are entitled under the contribution
Of tbs United States They should have the right Of
suffrage, b. Represented 10 Territorial legislature. snd
by deszsts 10 Congress- and possess ell the rights sud
privileges hlch citizens Of other portions Of the Terri
tories q the United States hsve heretofore enjoyed or
rra6u ant rircourse win the Indian tribes. and TIE
projection Of our isws generally should be extended
over them
10 addition 10 the inhabitants In ihs, territory who
had previously engr-tad % IT, large numbers OF our cit
izsrs have followed them during the present yssf and
Il not doubted tos during tne next and Subsequent
years their NUMBERS viii be greatly increased
Congress 81 its last session, established pOstroutes
lesdirg 70 Oregon SUD between different points WITHIN
that territory, aud authorized the Establishment oil posi-
Offices AZ Astoria such other places on the coasts
of the Pscg, within tue territory Of the United states
the public interests Dsy require. Post onces nave
accorsuely been established deputy postmasters sP
pointed and provision sde for the transportation Of
tho malls
The preservation of peace with the rdisn tribes re-
siding OF the Rocky mountains will render II pro
per that authority should be given by law Tor the sp
pOntnent Of adequate number OF indian agents ID re-
side among them.
recommend tina, surveyor generals Office DO esiao-
shed 10 that territory and that the public anos De sur
veye1 snd brought into market At an early period
recommend siso that grants, upon liberal terms, OF
limited quantities of tho public lsnds be made 10 all clt-
of United States who haze emigrstec, or Insy
hereafter within prescribed period emgra' 70 ore
gOn aud settle upOu them. These hardy and sdyentur.
Gus citizens WAC have encountered the dangers ana
priya,ious OF long and oilsome journey and have al
eDG IN found abi6iDgpac Tor themselves aud tner
families upon the utmost verge OF our western iimts
should be secured ia the homes which they nave I'M
proved by their labor.
refer YOU to the accompany log report Of the Score
tsry Of War for a detailed account Vt the operations OF
the various branches Of the puoc service connected
With the department under his charge Inc dulles de-
vovipg on this department have been unusually onerous
ana responsible during the past year. AID nave been as
charged with sbiity and success
Poetic relations continue 10 exist win the various 10
dian tribes end of them manifest strong friend
sbip for the United States. Some deprecauons were
committed durios the psst year upon our trains usns
oortng suuplies for the army on the road between the
western border OF Missouri and santa re- these De.
prsdsOps which supposed 10 have been commiiiea
Oy bsncs from the region OF New Mexico nave oeen ar
rested by the presence OF military force, ordered out
for lhst purpose some Outrage have been pofPersted
by portion Of the northwestern bands upon tns weak
er aud comparatively defenceless Dsighoorns tribes
Prompt were taken % prevent sucn oceul'
TeBces 10 future.
Between one and two thousand Indians, belonging to
several tres have been removed during the year from
ths OF toe Mississippi 20 the country allotted 20
them OF that liver their permanent nome ana
arrangements have been made for others to follow
Since the treaty Of 1916 with The CheTokees the ieaa'
among Them appear 10 nave subsidized and tney nave DC
come more united aud conlsnted than they nave bsen
Tor many ycars past The commissioners, appointed Ia
pursusnce OF the act Of June 81 1886, TO settle claims
arising under the treaty of 1855 with that tribe have
execu,sd their duties snd after patient investigation
aud full and fair examination Of all ihe cases brought
before them closed their labor in the month OF July ss
This s the fourth board OF commissioners which nas
been organized under this treaty. Ample opportunity
mas been afforded 10 all those Interested to bring Tor
ward their claims No doubt 10 entertained that Impair
iz justice done by the late board ana tnai al
valid claims embraced by tho treaty have been eonsio
cred aud allowed This result and the neal settlement
to bs made with this tribe, under the treaty Oh lSfo
shich will be completed and laid before you curing
your session, will adjust all questions OF controversy
between them and the United States, and produce
state of relations With them simple, well-dehned ana
satisfactory. .
Uncer the discretionary authority conferred by the
act of the third of March last the anuutes due TO the
vsous tribes have been paid during the present year 70
The heads OF families instead of to their chiefs or sucn
persons they might designate, az required BY Inc laws
previously existing This mode OF payment mss gwen
general satisfaction to the great body OF the lhoens
Justice has been done 70 them and they grateful 10
the government for II few chiefs and Interested P8t-
sons may object this mode OF payment but II Is De-
Heved to be only mode OF preventing fraud snd lmPo'
ston from being prsc,ised upon tue great Dooy oi co
mon Indians constituting msjority OF all tue tribes
IL s gratifying to perceive that number oil tne .ioeS
have recently manifested an Increased ntrie'n 'ns
| tabHshment of schools among them, and are MAKING
rapid advances 10 sgiculture-soDe OF them producing
aucent quantity oiiood Tor their support ana IN some
cases surplus 10 dispose OF In their neighbours ine
comforts by which those who have received even s'ey
limited educston, and have engaged In agriculture are
surrounded tend gradually 10 draw OF their less civil
zed brethren from tue precsrous means OF SUBSISTENCE
by the chase. TO hsbits of labor aud civilization
The accom- panying Report Of The Secretary OF the
Navy presents satisfactory and gratifying account oil
the conditions and operations OF the naval service during
| the past year Our commerce has been pursued win
increased activity and with safety and success In every
quarter OF the globe under the protection OF Gus nag
which the navy has caused 10 be respected IN the mos'
| distsut seas. -
In the Gulf Of Mexico and in tbs Pacific the officer:
and men of our squsdrons have displayed disungusned
,allsutry and performed valuable service la me cary
stages OF the with Mexico Der pors on beth coasts
were bocksded and more recently msny oil them nave
been cavtured and held by the navy. When scung 10
eo6oersops with the lands forces the naval officers and
men have performed gallant aud dsti1s aisned serFees
ON land 40 well - water and deserve the bgn com
mendstioa Of the country.
While other maritime powers are AIDING 10 tn7lr "a
yes large numbers of steamers It Was wise poey
on our part 10 make similar additions 10 our navy ne
four war steamers authorized by the act OF tue tno u
| March lsl7 are la course OF construction. ..
Ia ADDITION 10 the four steamers eoiooti1c1 "
this sct the Secretary the Navy has In pursuance
il. provisions entered uto contract for the constructor
Of hye steamers to be- employed In the uanspo''Ano.
| of the Unted States mail from Ne"-fofk 70 ssN-OI
Leans touching ~ Charleston. Savannah and hANAoa
and from Havsna 10 Cnsgres for three steamers 70 y
EMPLOYED 10 Ike manner from Psnsma TO oregon .
a, 10 corusct with the mail from Havana to cnsgre'
across the ishmus and for i've steamers TO os EN-