The Hillsborough recorder. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1820-1879, 1846-10-15
Mr.. MAnnlsnS.s VIEWS.

MIR. MADDiSOS's VIEWS.
Tns toliOsing Tsmsrks Of James Madi.
zoo. on 'hs constitutional power Of Con-
2tess 10 the various srapchss OF industry
oi osr eoua,rg. ara worlhy OF the moe /
attentive perussl and close study. 10 1877.
constitutions! scinplrs. Tor the first time.
began 10 be expressed. snd Mr.. Madison
~ss sPpeslsd to and his opinion asked
upon tie point. and he gave il in le,.er
TO Jossph &. Csbsll. esq, on the 18th If
SePtsObsr. 1898. to be found in Niles
Register. The distinguished phiIosophs
and sss'esman. who took notes Of ssery.
thing that vas said and done during The
formsiloa Of The consultation, who loak
part 10 ali the discussions in regard 10 il,
sho was a member oil the first Courress
1ndsrii. Who ~as subsequently, President
OF The United Slater, alter .rgving the
question 81 length, sums up HE opinion,
10 sish' general proposiIon,. lie Gays:
"I'n simple que ston under The cen.
siIiUiien Of the United States, ~kelhsr
"ihs power TO fegUls'e trade with foreign
nations" 80 \ distinct and substantive iiem
10 The enumerated po vsrs. embraces The
osjest Of encouraging. BY duties. restic.
lions, aud prohibitions. the mapursc,ur..
and products OF the country! And The |
sfhrDsiian must be inferred from the acl. !
lowing considerations: =
81. The meaning Of the phrase "Io
regulate trade" ousi be sought in the gs.
neral use OF IL; in other words. in The Of |
Iee's 10 which The power vas Generally |
understood TO be sppllestls when the |
phrase was inserted IN the constitution,
"2. The power has beeu understood
and used by all commercial and N aauf.e.
turing ns'ions Is embracing the objsc. Of
sneoursg ng manufactures. |, 10 believed
that not single exception can be uamsd.
80. This bad been particularly the case
wish Great B'i,sin. whose coDmefci,I
vocabulary 10 the paren. Of ours. A pfi.
mary object Of her commercial tesulailon
- well know to have been The Protection
and encouragement of her nanviae lures.
"A. Such was undefs ood to be the
proper use Of the power by The States
most prepared for manufacturing industry
whilst 'sIsining the power over their TO-
reign trade. |,
IS. Such use of power BY Congress
aecord' siih Ire intention and expectation
OF the States in transferring the power
over trade from themselves 10 ias poyeru- ,
nent of the United Sl,tss. This was
. mphahcsily the case 10 the eastern. tha ,
more manufacturing, members Of the con.
fsdsrscy. Here be Gle, the opinions ,
'i several distinguished men who aided ,
n the formation of the cant,tuilan.1 /,
80. # Congress has no. power, il ,,
IS dnnihiiated for The nation, a policy :
Ti'hous example 10 any other nation, s.,
md not within The reason Of The soIitsry =,
'ne In our own. The example alluded I,
o 10 tie prohibition Of . tax on expous
Thlch resulted hom the 'pp.rsn, iapos. :
ioili;y OF raising, 10 that mode, retenus 4
rom The Ssatss Pfop1rIioned 10 the ability !,
o pay 1.-THE sbilIy OF sons bslng deriy- !
%, IN a great measure, no! rom Their ex- =
arts. but from their fisheries, from lhe,r =
Tsisbt'. ard from their commerce a, large, :,
n soma of IT, branches altogether exisr. =
'si to the United Slsies; The profits from !,
II Of which, being invisible and iut,nei. :.
lie, would ese,pes tax on erports. A tax q
q imports, on the other hama, being tax =
n consumption, which is IN proportion b
the ability Of the consumers, whence. h
oVet derived, vas free from that InequaIl. a
Y. :,
~. II rssenue be the sole offset OF ! "
'gitImste iWpost. aud the encouragement, ~
domestic articles be not withln The poe- =,
10 rogn!a.e trade, il would follow th,,l :,
nonoPo!'zing or unequal regulations of n,
'teign nations couidbe coUnltracled; that al
either The staples OF subsistence, nor the :,
'senllal implements for the public safety, h,
'uld, under any circumstance. he INJURED m
fosieted al home by regulations of :,
'mmerce, the usual and most convenient in
ode Of providing for both; and hi the ne
netican navigation. though the source an
naval defence. oil cheapenng compe.
ion 10 carry ing our valuable and bulky q,
tIcles TO market, and Of an independent /.
riage of'hem during foreign war when an
Iore'gn navigation might DO Wi.hdrawa, =