Richmond daily Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1842-1861, 1846-08-22
AID DIR Z SIS
OF the Hon. VIM. III. Haywood, Jr.
To The People Of North Carolina.


Ii the least circumstance connected wit
the passage ct the that this vaorom article
Q distinguished name but Henry Gays. and Mr.. Clay
friends say that even be has been msePesened, to ur
, | nsh the authority.
Another unimpsrtsnt ance is that III. PEG
pie OF NV State have been commanded d.honot me-
10 the doctrine OF party tariff Of ad vaor.n
duties" and. therefore ueacherous 10 them when pu
IL To eonscences that there thousands and
thousands OF good North Carolina democrats, who, ia
from having adopted II in their political creed, dd
much as hear OF until long since election the Sen
ate Let each one answer for himself Did you
derstand beiorei In sincerity DECLARE that until
my election TO the Senate, did and presume you d.,
. not But mink understand II now, my counuymen
and venture TO guess that the you know OF IL,
the longer 1t shall DO tined, the less you will like it,
But let me tell you what IL is duties
upon goods imported from foreign countries according
the value OF the goods the market from whence
come-ihe iac liking the per cent aud the collector OF
aseertainng the foreign value Of whatever taxedvz
the sum Of the tsx-ior which lac is not responsible
but TO the Treasury Department And specific duty
the same tax imposed upon the same sruee-the lais IT,
self, however, dstngu shing the values by establishing the
particular Of taxation, and leaving nothing for the col
Leetor TO do but weigh the quantity where
IN, he be gaiy Of fraud he probably be convicted
II disposed opprese the merchant be preven-
ted In short, where the specific the collector only
weighs or measures the qusnty where Is ad raIoreH'
he not only measures weighs the quantity, but likewise
determines upon his judgement, the foreign value
the things imported. The uniform rule, approved
your government has been heretofore that OF making all
the duties specific which be msde aud let the 9th.
es be al yalOrem but reduce the list Of al du-
ties from time by adding the list steei6es The
experimental tariff condemns and this policy
gether. and prescbes one Of having oil the duties
ad valorom and OF them specific With this erplp-
nauon. you can have no difficulty in comprvhendng my
objections TO the principle OF the experimental tariff
Ii was maxim OF the revolution, that representation
and taxation should together Now, this great
principle OF liberty be despsed; and the abrcgaon
OF cannot be necessary the the Republic
But means nothing unless the duty OF laying
taxes by the IGs and by the officers who collect
that the citizen who reads the law may far practical
bic, what him: officers whom he
pie have agency IN appointing aud cannot remove-o
GERS who IN assessing values exercise their discretion
and whose individual judgment. IN this county, the
market value ct property in all foreign lands cannot be
ccss:uy mpeached because the witnesses to do live
abroad aud cannot be got here and If they could would
still be almost impossible the officers inten.
tiOnGI talSehOod IL must be proved that he wrong
and knew so. Is not this doctrine then,
slight departure from thus maxim OF the repubc Shall
be approved upon the notion that this great prncpe
representative democracy has become mpracucabe D
Shall sanction the pretenee that the peoples rrpresen
iaUss will cheat them adopting the spee,fe duties and
assume at the same time that customhouse officers will be
sc!upuous and just you fixing the values
under a system OF Gd rd!Oren duties Ought such de-
partue from great and fundamental doctrine OF represen
atve 10 be tolerated much less ingaed per-
maneny the laws Of people without unavoiGa
bic necessity, and sancrfed part OF our democratic
faith, without nouce the people step further
and shall be carried point where Congress can do
nothing but declare the aggregate revenues which may be
levied for the and leave the Treasury Depart
ment TO collect them may seem best TO its officers, and
according 10 Its rules.
come to show that what the experimental tariff
makes rule OF the fathers the public made
the exception. What they declared a fruitful moth
er OF frauds 1t has adopted the only Of
nues
In 1898, when Washington was President Alexander
Hamilton, his Secretary OF the Treasury, a report TO
the House OF Representatives used the following words
According the present laws imposing duties on ar
tces imported the United Ststes much short Of
oncihd OF the whole OF the duties derived from
articles rated ad valoIem.
'ln other nations, where this branch OF revenue with
Is OF principal, very considerable quence and
where peculiarly OF situation hes tended keep the
OF duty low, experience has led and
more the number OF articles rated I'D vaorem and Ct
extend the number rated spt cfcay that L.
according 10 weight, measure other rules OF quantity.
The OF this obvious IT guard against eva
sions which intalby happen greater less degree
when duues high. IL Is impossible for the
any country have manifested mo:e proby than
OF the United States this subject; and firmly be
eVed that there never was one IN which Illicit purchases
the disadvantage OF the have obtained little
hitherto IN this Yet would II be deusye expectation,
that, with duties considerable those which ex
st, disposition will not be experienced IN ndydu.
ais, who cary import trade eyade the payment OF
thcm and this sufficient make prldent
guard with c5cumspectiOn and by every reasonable pre-
caution against the success Of such attempts. Ii need
less repeat, that this will contribute much the in
terest Of the fair trader that Of the revenue.
at IS believed that IN system the method Of rating
ad vaorem could with convenience be brought within a
much narrower compass, and It Is evident that do so
will contribute materially the security OF tho revenue"
-(See American Stat Papers Finance, vol. page 3is
la 1901. under Jeficrsons Administrator bert Gal
atn Secretary VI the Treasury, in report the Senate
SAID that
"In order guard lar possible. against the value
Of pods being moderated IN the Invoices would be eli
gbe to lay specific duties all such nrncles paying
duties ad yalorem as may be susceptible OF that aern
uon"-lSeO American State Papers, Finance, vol /, y.
1922
In 1916 under NlGdisons Administration, 4. Dallas.
the Secretary at the Treasury report 10 the House
Representative, and in resolution Of the peoe
ding session, after thorough examination, said.
That articles imported great should rather
be charged with specific dutIes upon their weight and
measure IN order 10 gsOrd against and frauds
than with ad yalorem duties their ya.le"-See Anne
rican Stale Papers, Finance, vol. 3. ?. 81
In lsl5, under MOnrOe's AdmInisratiyn William II
Crawford, the Secretary Of the Treasury,
resolution Of 1917. directing him report measures
a. might be necessary for the more eecua OF
the revenue laws, said:
"In order provide an adequate remedy against the
frauds 0nd eya,i5ns which already exists and To prevent
their further increase, It respectfully submitted" Sc.
And then, after recommending twenty -four additional
laws, he adds
Whsioyer may be the reliance that ought 10 be placed
IN the efficacy Of the foregoing provisions, certainly
prudent to diminish, tar practicable, the st Of sr-
Giles plying VALOEEN duiies."-(Soc American STATE
Papers. vol. B. p. 1861
These opinions, Of the great and eminent men Of our
country, were never cOnuOyertsd, fer know
al the present time and upon what principle of patriot
ism Of democracy wss expected refuse to them the
homage Of my confidence and support What should
have induced me 10 oTego the conclusions Of my udg
ment, fortified by such authority and confirmed by tho eS
poFicnce u the government for hbli century IN all my
conferences with senaDf- no better given
for than ihht the bill would destroy the arH Of 1912;
but the remedy bad u worse than the disease
aud the operation seemed to me almost ns unWise
"cut Of the E'nd Tor cure Of the tOOhlche."
nave nov explained o. you the origin, aud reminded
you Of tue character Of McKays ball Of lsi4 have in
TINTED 10 you the nature Of those party say those
moral Obligations which contracted anioceden the
elections Of lsIi; and have told you how they wero i'm
posed upon me, ns one Of your my beet at
emps TO sustain tho democratic party by harmonlng tho
country generally upon distructng conflict Of local inter-
ests hbye ns0 shown yO1 how tho utf bill proposed
az tbI- session altogether different one and every
way Objectionable boz its dsais and n s principles and
no the Tune of us operation, and, might have added in
the m1nnerit urged upon the Senate and how utterly
impossible was with me, account OF oil these things,
70 vote Tor tho blu without amendment along with
OihcfdcmOcrauc sluatos ~ mouths gagged. our udg
nen uuconvinccd, ond deliberations 1resalcd upon
question which always thought 20 be a National one