Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1841-1853, 1846-07-09


ohcer and four or five men, relieved ut each post
the only practicable mall-carriers over such line
and while carrying the mail, will also be in the line
OF their military duty, in looking for DANGER and
giving assistance to travellers and emigrants.
In the land grants, the bill from the House is en-
tirely deficient tproposes three hundred and twenty
acres to each settler. Now the bill which passed the
Senate heretofore gave double that amount to each
father OF family, and half that amount for each
child under eighteen years of age, including the
children born within five years after he went the
country, and also half that amount to the wife in her
own right; and to all single eighteen years
also gave six hundred and forty acres Such bene-
hcIal provisions these, once sanctioned by the
Senate, should not be given up without effort to
restore them.
The bill, therefore, now before the Senate, is in
some respects, unnecesSary-in some, iniuriOus-in
some, deficient justice TO the settlers and defn
ing boundaries for the territories to be occupied
is dangerous to the peace of the country, and COM
mlts the hazards of TO the collisions accidental
or designed, OF government agents, four thousand
miles from the seat Of government. II confounds
temporary and permanent measures, which should be
kept distinct temporary government, to provide
for the preservation of order and the administration
Of justice until the convention expires, is
permanent territorial government Is another; and,
for the purpose of having these measures appropri-
atey brought forward, and in a way TO pass, shall
move to recommlt the bill with instructions 10 bring in
the temporary and the permanent separately
NAMELY a temporary extension of law to the extent
recommended by the President, and plan for per-
manent territorial government, fully organized TO
take effect the instant the present convention expires
These are my views. | would not mix temporary
and permanent provisions: | would do nothing half
way, or niggardly. At the termination of the pre-
sent convention, would take possession Of the ter
ritory to the extent that it held by Mr.. As
tor-from the sea to the mounains-and take posses
sion as an owner knowing its value, and determined
to maintain IL. A governor who should be both a
statesman and a soldier with an adequate salary,
should be at its head; distinguished general should
be under him the immediate commander of the
military force, regulars and militia. territorial
eglsature-superior and inferior courts of law and
equity, and of admiralty jurisdiction-and a custom
house, should be established. skllful engineer
should be sent out to superlntend the planning and
construction of Notifications giment of artillery
should 60 to man the works. A navy-yard should be
established for the repair of vessels. The militia
should be organized and divided into classes. ready
for service when called to be compensated in land for
holding themselves ready and paid for their services
when i'll the field. Mounted gun-men, cavalry, and
horse artillery so we'll adapted to country of plains
and grass should be relied on for field service against
Indians or any invader: artillery and infantry IRE
guars and mlitia) for the defence of posts and forts
chain of posts the commercial route of the Co.
umbla and Missouri should be established. That
route TANKS the British establishments, and is open
to the depreciation of the northern Indians. Posts at
the Oka-nag-an, and at the Upper Falls OF the Co
umbla-in the valley of Clark's river-at the great
falls of the Missouri and at the mouth of the Yellow
Stone, should be established The protection of gov
eminent should be extended to both routes the land
line of travel through the South Pass, and the water
line of commerce through the North Pass. This
would keep the Indians in order both routes, north
and south, and speedily open direct communications
with the Pacific ocean. In q word, would prepare
to take possession of the country (or its exclusive
possession comes to under the Client treaty, whe-
Their Great Britain treats now or nOD on scale COM
to its Importance and to rank and pow
in the world. For this purpose l would have the
bill recommitted, and the committee INSTRUCTED to re-
port separately the temporary for the preser
walton of ORDER and the permanent government for
the territory, which have sketched.
Mr.. President, have performed painful duty
one from which have long held back, hoping that
events would correct the OF the day, and free
the country from danger. There great danger
of war with Great Britain when Congress met last
fall, and all upon mistake and blunder. Wal
speeches and preparations were Immediately
commenced on this floor, and the people were intiam
ed up TO the fighting point endeavored gently to
quiet these dangerous movements, all TO no purpose
At last felt it to be my duty to my country to SPEAK
out and to let the people that they had been led
into great errors and to the brink of war; by editors
and orators assuming to speak with great authority
know the fraity and vanity of poor human nature
and how hard il is for party leaders to odmit mis-
take which they have induced myriads Of good men
to adopt The leaders ashamed to reract not the
mass of their followers. They have no interest in be
ing deceived, and no petty vanity 10 be mortified al
the retracon of error. They only wish for what Is
right and honorable, and with them truth prevails
and error passes away. For two years the people
have been indoctrinated with Russian line upon hf
ty-four forty, from the sea to the Rocky mountains
| al on1 onf
and leaving no room for Great Britain between
Well the treaties supposed TO establish this bounda
ry and thus to cut out Great Britain, are produced
and they show that there Is no such line-that the
United States line with Russia is insular, and no
continental and that Russia, by treaty, admits thu
British title quite out to the Pacific ocean, and cover
ing the exact place where the boundary of fftyfou
forty was supposed to be established The treaties
show this and their production is enough for those
who have been deceived into the belief of fftyfou
| forty boundary. Again: for two years the people
have been deluded into the belief that this 81 40
their true and rightful northern boundary The ex
ecutive documents of 1924 were produced; and
they show that the statesmen who made the treaties
supposed to give this northern boundary actuall,
proposed it, at the time. over and over again, e
Great Britain, her northern boundary, coming
down fortynine for quantity, and that not upon
principle of compromise, but of right, to cover hei
settlements in the valley of Frazers river settlement
well known TO the statesmen of that day, howeve
unknown to- the brave fyfour forties of the present
day. For two years the people have been told tina
every and every inch-every grain of sand. ant
blade of grass and drop of water, from forytwo tc
ifiy-four forty, is Geography, history and thu
maps produced, and show that Frazers river flow
from ffty-fve to by the British
in 1793-settled by them in lSO6-covered from heut
to mouth with their settlements, and known by thu
Scottish name of New Caledonia when we negotiated
with Spain in 1919; and then the executive docu