The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1846-09-19

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crease IN the commerce of the Uei,ed States with
me Kingdom of Sardinia. This increase is owing
10 the successful efforts OF the American ,niuistel
at urn, Mr. Wickiite, in inducing the leading
Anefciahts and manufacturers of Genoa to import
American produces, ana export that of their own
country to the United States irectly. As consc.
iuerce, American commerce has been relieved
lfou, the Intervention of third nations, and, by the
es'an'lshment OF direct relations, augmented. A:
an instance of the increase the article of cotton
may be taken The usual average quantity oil
Afnerican cotton imported into Genoa yearly has
oecn ten thousand bales during the first six
months tthepresentyear eighteen thousand bale:
nave been already imported.
1t is stated that the Prussian government j.
about to declare Stettin free port, and to estab
large entrep6ts there. The government has bough
a considerable space OF ground near the town
for the construction of a new port and docks.
Viscount Falkland had an audience of the
queen on Thursday last, at Osborne House, on hi.
return from his government at Nova Scotia. The
noble viscount also had the honor TO kiss hands
on being appointed Captain of the Yeomar
Guard, and received from her majesty his gold
stick OF office.
The income OF Great Britain, ending the 9Th O
January, 1915 and 1916, was E56, 935, 022, f53
590,2l7 and E57 .602 26S, whilst the expenditure
was f55 ,50I, 740, E55, l030f7, and E55, SIS, O63
COMMERCE IN THE EAST lNDIEs.--Thc Dutch
have recently proclaimed Sambas and Poniana
on the island OF Calamantan and RHO, on BaItam
to be Tree ports. rumor, however, has reached
Europe that the Moluccas are immediately to be
placed in the same category and, if so, we may
perhaps say that the state OF things contemplated
by the British plenipotentiaries, who signed the
celebrated treaty of 1924, has been at length in a
great measure realised.
BELGIAN TREATY.-The Monitcur Beige publish
es the following royal decree -" Thread and
woollen tissues coming from France only TO
be admitted at the reduced duties on certifica
being produced that they are of French orgn.''
THE GERMAN ZoLLvEREIN.--The Congress oil
the German Customs Union held its closing sitting
at Berlin on the 18th. The German journals state
that the advocates for an advance in the tariff
have been defeated by the partizans of the status
quo Those journals also declare that the duty on
English thread will not be augmented, notwith-
standing the unanimous demands of the German
spinncrs.
CONVENTION BETWEEN AUSTRIA AND PRUssIA-
from recent advices received from German nv, il
appears that a convention has been concluded be.
tween austria and Prussia, by which those two
powers bind themselves to guard over the rights
Of Germany relative TO the succession in the
duchies.
HE MINERAL RICHES OF THE IsrHMus OF PA.
NAMA.-At the present moment, when either the
cutting Of canal through the American isthmus
or the making oil railway, or both, are nigh to be
accomplished, a report of the mineral riches o.
that locality has been widely circulated in the
French periodicals. 1t is said that distinguish.
ed French engineer, on surveying the istkmus
to the amount of five millions of francs.
IMPORTANT COLONIAL ApporNTMENrs.-The sys.
tenn upon which the present government is acting
IN Its colonial appointments is enineniy satlstac.
tory Instead OF being given to the partzans Of
tue minister, they have, in every recent instance
been made the rewards of efficient public service
and in this respect partake rather of the charac.
ter OF promotions than appointments. Thus, Lord
Egn, alter acting with much ability as cove rnor
oil Jamaica, has been appointed TO the more i'm
pottnnt post OF Governor General of Canada
Sir c. E. Grey, late Governor of Barbados. will
succeed Lord Egn in Jamaica while Leuten-
rat Governor Colonel Reid from Bermuda, will
replace Sir c. L: Grey, aud he himself be sue
cecded at Bermuda by Captain Elliott. The only
fresh appointment is, therefore, to the least I'M
porant post and the principle is established tina,
a colonial governor, by an able and diligent dis
charge of his duty, may rise through regular gra-
datlons to the highest honors and emoluncnis Of
the department
American AfsIrs In Europe.
[From the London Times. August 3ll
The lassitude and the quiesceuce which mark the
waning period Of this eventiu year have extern
the continent Of America and the Hibena brings us the
intelligence OF concluded session and subsding war;
since the declaration oil their Independence the United
States of America have not passed through more re.
markable and momenous session Of Congress They
have stood upon the brink Of a war with the power
most formidable by land and by to the security of
their territory and the interests Of their commerce.
They have been plunged into rash wanton and ineec.
American hemisphere. They have set afoot consider
able army, acting eyond their frontiers while the
largest squadons which sailed under the American
Tag are blockadDg the ports Of Mexico in the Gulf and
on the Pacific. They have appropriated vast sums Of
money to these military preparations and by the Sub
Treasury Bill which received the sanction of the Legis-
ature at the close Of the session, the Government
has resumed the dangerous power Of tamperng
with the public securities of the Union Mean.
while, whatever may have been the real intentions
Of MIR. Polk and his immediate advisers the diplo
matte prudence OF the British Ministry of the Amcr
and fortunate termination In ell these transactions the
Cabinet Of Washing may have successfully promo
led its own party ends but the pol al conduct of the
the Mexican has done little raise his credit
as statesman, to do honor to the American nation
The Oregon correspondence including the instruc-
tons united from time to timo by MIR Buchanan
Mr. McLane at this Court, has new been commu ncaed
to the Senate and published by the American journals
II proves demonstration how far the real views lr
Polk fell short of the claims he had thought fit to en-
courage and adopt in his public discusses and il further
proves that 10 the final settlement the Americans gave
up one Of the pointsnamey, the Davigs of the Co.
iumhia-to which Mr. Polk and Mr. Buchanan had re-
peatedly expressed an unslterabe determination to adj
here On the lath OF July, l5!5 Mr. Buchanan declared
that with his present impressions, the President
never yield to Great Britain the free navigation Of the
Columbia" On the goth Of February, 1885, he added
The President cannot however, an,icpat any possible
change circumstances which would induce him sub.
nit to such proposition Chat OF temporary joint
pancyD should contain surrender to Great Britain Of
the perpetual right to navigate the Columbia grant
free navigation Of the st Lawrence to the United
ne no LOT suCn CONCESSIONS. Never
the!ess this concession made and nothing be
more shallow than the attempt Of Mr. Buchanan cloak
this strong inconsistency By asserting that the Senate
voted the treaty under the conviction that by the
construction of the second article Of the project the right
OF the uJson's Bay Company to naviga tie Columbia
would expire with the present license TO trade with the
Indians the north west coast of AmeIa, the 30h
OF May, 1859. Mr.. Buchanan must have been perfectly
aware that the fIutson's Bay Company is permanent
corporation nearly two centuries old and the navga
ton Of the Columbia is secured to it and all British
subjects trading with it in perpetuity.
in The conduct of tho Mexican the President has,
u possible displayed still marked falling of from
me course he had proposed to himself and promised the
country The hostiities originated entirely with his
instructions TO General Taylor for it is clear that
,ne Mesicans would never have marched hey ond
Matsmoras and the territory between the Nueces and
me no Grandc might with perfcc, security hsve re.
hed neutral until the boundary treaty could be nego.
tisted Mr. Polk, however, required a war-he required
military patronage and military expenditure aud he
boldly drew bill ut sight tho folly and OF
he people Inc drum turned their heads and the object
OF the Administration was gained We have all along
oreseen that the conduct of this war would in.
superabe military difficulties and that the cry Of march.
ing to Mexico investing the principal cities and
py ing the country the dream Of an ignorant