Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-11-20

people of any part of China without distinction OF per
sons To trac any of the languages of the Empire aud
10 assist IN literary abors and the persons so employed
shall not that be suhjsct any injury the
part either OF the government Of individuals; and IT
shall IN like be law full for citizens OF the United
States TO purchase all manner OF books IN China.
ARTICLE XIX.-Al citizens Of the United States
In China, peaceably attending their affairs being
placed ON common footing of amity and good will with
subjects of China, shall receive and enjoy, for them
selves and every thing apperaning them the special
protection Of the local authorities Of government. who
shall defend them from all insult injury Of any sort
The part Of the Chinese. Ii their dwellings or pro
perry be threatened or attacked by mohs incsndiaries
other violent awess PERSONS the local officers, on
requis,on of The consul will Immediately despatch 4
military force disperse the rioers and will apprehend
the guilty individuals, and punish them h the utmost
rsor Of the law.
ARTICLE XX.-C,zens Of The United States who
NAV have imported merchandise into any of the free
ports of China and paid the duty thereon hey desire
TO The snme in part or in whole to any other
of the said ports, shall be entitled TO make application,
through their consul to the superintendent Of customs,
who IN order prevent frauds the revenue shall
cause examination 10 be made by suitable officers, 10
thar the duties paid such goods entered on the
custom-house books correspond with the representation
made, and that the goods remain with their original
marks unchanged, and shall then make memorandum
In the port clearance of the goods and the amount OF
duties paid the same, and deliver the same 10 The
merchant and shall also certify the facts 10 the oncefs
Of customs of the other ports All which being done,
the arrival in port Of the vessel in which the goods
are laden and every thing being found examination
there to correspond, she shall be permitted 10 break
bulk and land the said goods without being subj ec 10
the payment of any additional duty thereon. ln II, on
such examinations the superintendent of customs shall
detect any fraud the in the case then The
goods shall be subject To forfeiture ana conscauoh 10
| the Chinese government.
! ARTICLE XXI,-SubIects of China who may be
guilty Of any criminal ac towards citizens of the Uni
ted States shall be arrested and punished by the chi
nese authorities according 10 the laws oil China aud ci-
,izens of the United States, who may commit any crime
in China shall be subject 10 he tried and punished only
by the consul q. other public functionary OF the United
lt,,n tbaI La S.l lr
United States. And, order to the prevention Of an
controversy and disaeclon, justice shall be equltaby
! and imparliay administered on both sides
ARTICLE XXII.-Relations Of peace and nmity be-
tween the United States and China being established
nv this treaty. and the vessels II the Emitted States be-
ing admitted trade freely TO and from The i've ports Of
China open to foreign commerce, II l. further agreed
tina, in case at any time hereafter. China should be al
war with any foreign nation whatever, and for that
cause should exclude such nation from entering her
ports still the vessels Of the United States shall not the
less cnntnue 10 pursue their commerce In freedom and
security and 10 transport goods 10 and from the ports OF
the beliserent parties full respect hene paid 10 IN.
neutrality Of the fac Of the United states Provided
That The SAID flag shall protect vessels engaged in
the transportation OF officers soldiers in the enemy'
service shall the said ag be fraudulenty used Ia
enable the enemy's ships, with their cargocs 10 enter
the ports Of China hut all such vessels so oft ndihe
shall be subject 10 forfeiture aud conScaon 10 the Chi
nese government.
ARTICLE XXIli-The consuls of the United States
IL each OF the five ports open To foreign trade shall
make, annually, to the respective governors general
thereof detailed report Of iha number Of vessels be
longing To the United States which have entered and
left said ports during the year. and oil the amount and
value of goods imported exported IN said vessels for
transmission and inspection o the board o revenue
ARTICLE xXIy.-lf citizens of The United State,
have special occasion 10 address any communication 10
the Chinese local officers OF government, they shall sub
init the 10 their consul other officer 10 deter
mine Il the language be proper and respectful and The
matter Just and right; in which event. he shall transmit
to the appropriate authorities, tor their
dsration and action III the premises. In like manner
il subjects Of China have special occasion TO adde's;
the consul of the United STATES, They shall submit The
commu ca,on 10 the local authorities of their
vernment, determine il The language he respectful
aud proper, and the matter and right; in which
the said authorities will transmit the the con
other officer for hs consideration and action In
hs nrrmi.es And II controversies arise between .ti
zens OF the United states and subjects of China, which
cannot be amicaby settled otherwise the shall b,
examined and decided confomaby To justice and equi
Is by the public officers OF the two nations acting II
conjunction
ARTICLE XXE-Al questions in regard 10 rights
whether Of property person. arising bet~ cen citizens
United States in china shall be subject to the jn
risdictcn and regulated by the authorities Of their
governments and all controversies occurring IN Chin;
between citizens Of the United States and the subjects
Of any other government shall he regulated by the
ties existing between the United States and such
srrnmrnts respectively, without interference on III
pant Of China.
ARTICLE XXyf.-Merchant vessels Of the Unite,
States lying in lh- waters of the FIVE ports Of Chin
open foreign will be under the Jurisdiction
of the officers OF their government, who, with III
without control on the part OF China. For Injur dom
the citizens the commerce of the Tinted States b.
any foreign power, the Chinese government viii no
hold il.ef bound 10 make reparaon. But II the mel
chant vessels Of the United States while within III
waters over which the Chinese government exercise
jurisdiction, he plundrred by robbers pirates heI
the Chinese local authorities, civil and military, re
criving information thereof viii arrest the said rohbe
or pirates, aud punish them according 10 Law and vii
cause all the property which can be recovered To h
placed m the hands Of the nearest consul, other off
of the United States, 20 be BY hun restored 10 III
But il, nv reason Of The extent Of terror
| and numerous population of China II should in an
case happen that the robbers cannot br apprehrnded
the property only in part recovered, then the law vii
,nke TO course IN r"eard 10 the local authorities, but tn
Chinese government will not make indemnify for TN
goods lost.
States shall be wrecked stranded the coast Of Chi
ma aud he subjected 10 punder other damage, lh
proper officers OF government on receiving information
OF the fact, VIII immediately adopt measures for thti
relief and security and the persons board shall re
ceive friendly treatment, aud be enabled AT once 10 re
pair 10 the OF the free ports and >hal
enjoy all facilities for obtaining supplies Of provision
and water. And If a vessel shall he forced, IN hat
ever way, take refuge in any port other than
The free ports then in like the persons boar,
shall friendly treatment and the Of safety
| and security.
| ARTICLE XXVIII.-Citizsns Of the United States
their vessels and properly shall not be subject Ia an
embargo shall they be seized or iortiby dealne
Tor any pretence Of the public service hut they shall b.
suffered prosecute their conmeice in quiet, aud with
out molestation embarrassment
ARTICLE XXiX.-The local authorities Of the Chi
nose government will be apprehended all mu
tineers or deserers from on board the vessels Of tn
tinted States in China, and will deliver them up TO III
consuIs other officers for punishment. And If crm
nails subjects Of China, take refuge in the houses
board the vessels Of citizens of the United States the
shall not he ha bored concealed but shall be deliver
ed up justice, due requisiton by The Chinese oca
officers addressed to those ofrhe United States
The merchants, seamrn, and other ciii7enr Of th
United States, shall be under the uperintendence 0
the appropriate officers Of their government II Indvi
duals of either nation commit acts OF violence and dlsor
der 10 The injury OF Others or create distur
endanserine life, the officers Of the two govern
will exert themselves In enforce order, and Il
maintain the public peace, by doing impartial justice
ARTICLE XXN.-Tbe superior authorities Of tn
| United State, and Of China in corresponding together
shall do in terms Of equality and in the form Of nu
tua communication CehaI hnuil The consus, and III,
local officers, civil and military, in corresponding toge
Their shall likewise employ the style and form al mnlu
al communication tehou hrnl When inferior officer
n the government address superior officers Of the
other, they shall de- so IN the style and form OF memoir
al shin chm Private individuals, in addressing sure
rior officers shall employ the style of petition pm ching.
In no case shall any style he suffered whcl
shall be offensive or dsrcspectnl TO either party. An'
whatever, shall ever be demanded Of the United State
by China or Of China by the United States
| ARTICLE NXXl-Communication from The Go
vernment of the United States To the court Of Chn'
shall be transmitted through the medium Of the imperi
al commissioned charged with The superintendent o
the concerns Of foreign nations with China, through
the governor general 81 the Lians Kwang that of Mil
| and Cheh. or that Of the LANG kang.
| ARTICLE xXXll.--Whenever ships of war of the
United States, cruising for The protection of the com
Of their country, shall arrive any of ports
Of China the commanders Of said ships and superi
or local authorities Of government, shall hold lnercours
together in of equality and courtesy, in token
the friendly relations Of their respective nations. Ant
The said ships OF shall enjoy all suitable facilities oil
the part Of the Chinese Government in the purchase
provisions, procuring water and making repairs, if
casion require.
ARTICLE XSXlII.-CitizeEs Of The United States
who shall attempt 10 trade candestney with such o
the ports of China not open 10 foreign
or who shall trade in opium any other conraband
tclr OF merchandise shall be subject to be dealt Will
by the Chinese government, without being entitled Il
any count~nnnce protection from that of the United
States; and the United states Will take measures pre-
vent their flag from being abused by the subjects
other nations for the violation of the laws O
the Empire.
ARTICLE XXXIV-When the present convention
shall have been definitely concluded il shall be obiga
tory on both powers and its provisions shall not be al
tered without grave cause; but, inasmuch as the cir
cumstances of the several ports Of China open 10 70
reign commerce different, experience may show thai
nconsiderable notifications requisite In those parts
which relate to commerce and navigation; IN which
case the governments will, at the expiration O.
twelve years from the date Of said convention, trea
thar IF