The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1846-01-19
EDITORS coRREsPoNpENcE.
Iron our regular correspondent J
NEw YoRE Janus,vI II

/
bic Considerable snow fell during this forenoon,
and continues in the afternoon, but mes as fast as
! j, falls. .. .. ......a..
The packet-ship Yorkshire sailed today for Liy-
erPool, with full assorted cargo, humber of pas
sengers, and large mail
The Courier dss Flats Unis" Of tn.dsy contains
a suQamary OF congressional proceedings, with
rssus& Of European news. IL also contends for the
extraordinary sut-hsmonhage virtues claimed for
the "Datsr" Of Boechenir II sets forth several ex-
permenIs made on sheep, the carotid arteries of
which were cut and suddenly healed, or stsunched.
by the application Of the "leatsr," applied to the
wounded vessels. II is possible il may prove use.
fui stypuc, which might be the Gaze without much
novelty.
The Globe Of this morning has esding article
IN iGvor OF the sttbsaSiuy and the iCaysh0SiHg sys.
TINS. They are both measures OF great importance.
The Constitutional treasury, beyond the influence Of
the banks, Is popular, and even among the whIg
portion Of the commercial community, il does not
meet win as much opposition il formerly did.
IT. as some have suTmlsed, the banks in view. OF
the passage Of the sub treasury bill through Con-
gress have advanced the rate OF interest To perrt
AMI adopted other stringent financial measures cal
eulAted to create opposition 10 among the ucopc;
their course affords the strongest argument IN lOr
Of it's immediate adoption.
The board OF brokers have come 10 no ,eci.iou in
relation TO the Erie railroad "eornsr." They have
postponed the subject I'LL Monday, II o'clock.
stated, Ia previous letter. that the legislature of
thiS State had abolished the laws enaeed 10 license
and regulate pilot licenses, leaving the business To
free composition, IN WHICH the odcsl and most cape.
rienced New York pilots fully acquicsced,
Since then, the board Of underwriters, with the
chambsr OF commerce, have taken up a portion of
the old law, on which they have attempted to o4tsb-
Sh regulations OF their own, for the licensing Of pi.
lots, &c, without, however, power to make thea
compulsory. For giving or granting Eccusos, they
charge TWO per cent, and require bond with sccu-
riiy IN the sum Of three hundred dollars for coed
conduct, &c
These assumed regulations are Objectionable 10
many OF the oldest and most capable OF The sew
York pilots, " Ito refuse compliance Wilh theGt
The regulators, under these circumstances, ere
puzzled IN hnding enough pilots willing 10 EuLul'l
to their demands. They, therefore, Confened H.
censes upon many whom the heads OF tie -ra Iuol,-
ed upon al unskIliul and incapable The couuC-
quenco has been, that kind Of "gusraila rn,Gu,''
has been waglng between the pilots Of uulervr,-
tiers, with their coad tutors the chamber Of con-
merce, and the old veterans OF the ndepcrd,n put
service If the latter board and bring IN u vessel
the owners by the influence OF this '',li -charH5t
regulation, have TO employ one Of the 'tceuuL'
TO carry her out again. the exclusion Of the old and
skIful "anlicensed' corps. Under these rircun,.
stances, the lHtter have determined on gong before
the legislature with their grievances Al The present
session. The undtrwriisTS have now g,eat row
or over the pilots, as they can 90 sAapc
their policies to compel shpowuCrs to Civ, sue IA
pilots as they license u preference | will do tho
Old ard hardy race Of New York pilots the uH &c
to say that more enterprislng, bold, aud HdYCn-
turous race o. men never foaled The ocean. o.
ten have they boarded ships 200 miles at soH IN
rough and stormy weather, and brought them sale
into port. Ii is an arduCus and labOriOuS service,
aud II Is due to them ti:at fair and cyen-hamded JUS
tee should be mettd cut 10 them. undc rstaHd an
attempt will be made to have the law Of COnCrcss
authorizing Jersey pilots 10 operate repealed. This
- wrong. They had, one ana oil, better apply to
Congress at once TO enact general law regulating
pIIonse, as England has done, and 20 to Albany
al all. The collectors of the ports. Gc,,ng with
board of old pilots, or board Of experienced ship
masters, ship-owners, &c, should be authorized 10
examine and license pilots. Ii is vCry important
services on the faithful and skiIfuI Performance Of
which the safety Of vessels and the lives of rasacu-
gers depend.
In England pilots are cxaminci nal licensed Nv
the Trinity house. and the lorL, toun r,ssoners Of
he Cirque Ports, for pilots of those l~ts. To be-
a"me pilot an apprenticeship Of five years is ne
;essary before examination. They become, then,
competent pilots for vessels of minor importance
Several years additional service advances them L.
the privilege of plotting into port, &c, rugged
vessels under a certain size. And further probG-
tIon Of some years qualities them to take charge ola
vessel of any size whatever. An examination Is
prescribed for each advance. Severe penalties are
prescribed for derection of duty or improper con-
duct, with liability to dsmisson from the service.
Every vessel making the coast Of England bound to
an English port, is compelled to receive pilot on
board. Should the captain refuse II pilot, and his
vessel should afterwards be wrecked English Judges
have decided that underwriters shall not be held re-
sponsible: in other words such conduct amounts to
forfeiture of policy. 1t is evident that legislation
is required in reference to this subject the part OF
Congress, which shall apply TO the ports Of the
United States generally See article Piotcge, IN
McCulloughs Commercial Dictionary.
We have had another dull day on change.
The sales Of cotton for the week have amounted
to about 4, 200 bales The decline at the close OF
the week, on common qualities, beneath the prices
current OIL Monday, is equal to cent per 10. The
article may be considered dull at the following
prices, especially for the lower grades: