The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1846-04-24
EDITORS CoRREsPONDENCE.
[FrOm our regular eOrespOndsnt.l


Parliament by the provincial miasisrs-- Ihf 1ooa'
Die abolition Of all duties on sphsai shipped from me
United States ihros,gh Canada 10 England, as 'o.H
as on -four ground from ihs ,ohis in bond or In
transitu.-7hs probable Effects Of these important
measures upon the business " the canals and hs Guy
Of NsW YoTk.-Ihe bsa remedy found IN me com
pieii0n Of the Eric railroad-Speeeh and statistics %
Mr.. Cayisy the inspector general. -Jhmisfsrtai
crisis, &C., With other matters
The Oregon has been released from her perilous
position In Hurgate, and towed to one Of the lifting
docks OF the city.
The Henry Clay has been raised out of water,
and, on examination, has not been materially dam
aged beyond losing her false keel 80.
! am indebted TO Messrs. Livingston & Wells's
express for copy Of the Montreal Transcript Of
the 2lst inst, which contains an important debate
in the provincial Parliament on a resolution sub
mitted by Mr. Cayley, inspector general, for the
total abolition OF 3s. per quarter on wheat INTRO
duced from the United States, and intended for
port TO Great Britain. This measure, If adopted,
with another resolution which ministers declare il
their intention to submit, TO allow -four ground
from United States wheat in bond also To pass,
will result very unfayorably TO the canal trade and
export business Of New York. This city will then
be forced into the completion Of the Erie railroad
or suffer materially in It's commerce.
The facilities opened for the shipment Of
wheat in schooners from the upper lakes through
the w tllAnQ canal, en- rOtle 10 MONTREAL, COmDLcu
with entire exemption from duty, must cause large
quantities Of wheat 70 be forwarded direct from the
western States 10 Montreal, that would otherwise
reach tide water at Albany, Orders under such
circumstances 90 out probably direct from Chicago,
and other points, that have usually been filed at the
United States Atlantic ports.
Mr. Cayley, who seemed TO have the part Of a
Sir Robert Peel, at the opening Of the provincial
financial scheme OF minlstep, prefaced the resola-
ton with a speech Of considerable ability, during
which he stated some interesting facts. He argued
that Canadian -four could enter into competition with
the American, shipped via the New York canals,
the freight on which from Buffalo TO Albany was
50 cents per barrel, and via the 81. Lawrence TO
Montreal only Is. 3D., making difference Of 3D. in
favor Of the latter route, about 10 per bar
rel. He thought the result would be, that a great
diversion Of the western produce Of the States would
reach tide water through the st. Lawrence that was
row received at Albany. To show the importance
Of the trade he stated that in l540 only 5000 bush
els OF wheat and 200 barrels Of -four arrived at
Buffalo for shipment In 1874, the quantity OF
wheat received was 1851 bushels, and 43l, 1871
barrels Of -four, thus exhibiting the enormous
amount Of trade that might be carried through Can
ada. He supposed the greatest amount Of export
from Canada Of wheat, &c. was reached in 1910,
when about 2l7 1913 quarters were exported. In
lS44 only increased to 294 264 quarters. To show
the proportion which this amount Of export from
he would go through series Of years. In 1888,
the import to Great Britain WAS ,37l ,957 quarters;
in 1899, il 800 900 quarters, in round figures;
in 1910, 800 900 quarters; and in l64l, 2703, 900
quarters-giving an average Of 26l5,9S2 quarters.
He considered As. I'D. currency at the lake ports,
remuneratns price for wheat to the Canadian far
mer. A bushel Of wheat from Lake Ontario to
Montreal was Cd. for freight, making first cost in
Montreal As. l0d. currency, or IA. sterling.
In 1910 the English government took great pains
to ascertain the average value Of grain in European
ports and found it to be 40s. Sd. per quarter the
highest 54s, and the lowest 26s. Cd. per quar-
ter; showing that 6s. remained as a margin in
favor of the Canadian farmer He thought
European ports had some advantage in the cheap
ness Of freights, the average Of which for past
years on a barrel Of flour was As TO So. The
freight on quarter of wheat was rs. to Ss. from
Montreal to England. He thought freights would
be lower this year, and leave a margin in favor
of Canada.
He next gave the cost of freight from European
ports to England. From the ports of the Baltic,
from whence wheat usually paid a freight Of d to
SIS. From the Mediterranean, &c. 3d. TO los, inclu-
ding Odessa and Sicilinn ports ut the same. From
south Of the VistuIa, the best wheat country, or
from Warsaw to Danzic, the inland freight was IS.
3d., which exceeded the inland carriage Of Canada
by Is. per quarter. Bohemian wheat, which reached
Hamburger, down the Elbe, paid an inland transit
b
was transported in open boats, and much dam
aged Denmark and Hanover wheat, shipped from
the same point, of an inferior quality. The
Canadians had further advantage in opening new
and cheaper lands to cultivation. He thought as
the stock of wheat and -four accumulated for expor-
tation, freghts being more plenty, would attract
more vessels, and that competition, being greater
would reduce prices.
He concluded by moving the resolution in favor
Of abolishing in toto the duty on wheat, which, if
carried, he announced the intention of ministers
to propose to admit -four ground from wheat in
bond also to be exported duty free.
member asked, if wheat coming into Canada
free, -four ground from such wheat, and export
ed free, to be admitted into England duty freei
Mr.. Cayley said it was not in his power to answer
the question.
Another member (Mr. Wiiams) felt that, do as
they might, wheat would still 60 through the United
States from the upper lakes nearly as freely as ever
but he was willing to try the experiment.
The measure was strongly opposed by those
members representing the Canadian farming inter-
est. They seemed greatly to fear an open compe-
ttion between our western farmers and those of
Upper and Lower Canada.
The measure was warmly supported by the soil
citor general Sherwood. The opposition made q
motion to adjourn without taking the question, as
they wished time for further deliberation before
coming to a final vote. On this motion ministers
were defeated by seven majority. The vote on ad-
journment stood 36 ayes to % noes. 1t was said if
ministers were defeated on final vote, they would
resign. The question has created good deal of ex-
element and discussion. 1t was thought however,
by the Transcript and other papers, that the minis
ters would be sustained on the final test.
clip the following piece of news from the Trans
cript:
"The legislature of New Brunswick voted, on the
I'd instant, the sum of 100000 to be appropriated
for the defence Of the province, in of hosites
with the United States"
The late mayor of Montreal took his departure
for Europe under great and imposing demonstra-
tons, especially on the part Of the fremen.
A Mr.. Belden is engaged in making a model Of
New York.
The stock market more buoyant to-day, and
the less substantial railroad bonds had quite an ad-
vance. ...
Flour was lower to-day. Sales of some few hun
dred Genesee sold at IS IS; market heavy at that.
Rye was held at 70. No change in corn or other
articles. s...
Eight hundred bales cotton sold; no change in
price. The decline since the arrival Of the Caedo-
MIA is put down at ID. per ID.
No change to notice in sterling bills.