The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1846-12-26

Oh being axed Tor the benefit other interest," has been,
and Is s protected 10 the injury OF other interests In
the United States the very this policy been
the practice No nation, either in modern ancient times
has been 50 entirely AN agricultural II Is
this that has fastened It's growth its present gigantic
greatness and this under wise legislation, that is
make IL the gnaTy from whence all needy countries
draw their supplies In agriculture, Of include
cry interest connected with tllng the soil place high
m estimate upon our commerce. and navigation and
lacures any citizen OF the republic but consider az
rculire the great pedestal upon which they Tor
support and If IL be undermined by the wild spirit
protection 10 navigation proposed by Mr. Webster they
necessarily must sink upon its ruins Permanent national
wealth can only be secured In Union through ageu
lure. The capital" says Adam Smith, 'hat is acquired
to any country by and manufactures is all
very precarous and uncertain possession till part
has been secured and realized in the cultivation and i'm
poyemen OF its lands merchant il has been said very
properly necessarily the citizen of any particular cou-
try is in great indifferent him from what
place he carries on his trade and very uhing disgust
WIN make him remove his capital, and together with il,
all the industry which supports, from coany
other No part of be said belong any particular
county, till 1t has spread, twere, face Of
country, either in buildings in the lasting improvement
OF lands" This doctrine Is much applicable the
United States now than was to Great Britain the time
| il promulgated.
Mr. Webster selected the treaty with the Hanse Towns by
the way Of demonstrating the operations of the system
which he assaled with much feroci. II be reco
ected that MI Clay was the penpoenary the part
our government who negotiated this convention and
whether the object Of the ex-premier give TO
Pentup malice which had choking him or the last
eighteen months, To do service his country his own
conscience must determine but this Is certain thai
he chose most unfortunate subject When the treaty
mentioned concluded the exceptions taken 10 in one
respect by Mr. Webster might with good deal of propri-
ETY., have been made. Those that have entered into
with other States spuate, believe without exception
that 1.-THE privileges secured by the present treaty TO the re-
Spective vessels shall only extend such bull with
IN their respective territories, lawfully condemned as
nF,a.. - E....-l
municipal laws Of either of the high ting parties and
belonging wholly their subjects citizens" Thus the
party contracting with compelled purchase such
vessels may require in addition those built by ITSELF
exclusively from citizens, and TO the emolunent Of
hip-builders The convention with the Han,e Towns,
the contrary, covenants article A.
In consideration Of the limited Of the territories
the republics oLubeck, Bremen and Hamburger, and ofthe
intimate cOnneNOn of trade and navigation subsistng be-
tween these rcPublics II Is hereby stipulated and agreed
that ANY VESSEL which shall be owned exclusively
by citizen for citizens Of either OF them, and OF
which the shall also be citizen of any either Of
subjects of either of the said republics, Of
either OF the States of the confederation OF Germany such
Of this convention be taken ~ be- and considered
sci belonging to Lubbock, Bremen, or Hamburgh."
Under this article the Bremeners when the treaty first
into effect and for several years afterwards purchased
ships occasionally in the Baltic but il ascertaned
long since that the motive for doing mistaken
Omy, and the practice has been wholly abandoned Ii
found from experience that American ship cheaper
than constructed from fir timber, procured adjacent to
the Baltic, inasmuch the latter than half
durable the former To this concession part
the HanseTowns the slightest value is any longer
attached by Bremen for all purchases of ships in addition
to such built at home, made in the United
States OF the 60 900 of tonnage owned by Bremen,
about 1000 onesixh, built in the United States,
and sailed under flag until each bottom attained
green old age. Mr.. Webster therefore, utterly
mated the injury to shipping account of our not
ning the navigation Of the Hanseatc republics with
% O
ton do.
Mr. Webster asserted that Bremen gave equivalent
for the indirect carrying, and that there could be such
thing reciprocity between the United States and so
dimnutive republic. This than even the Lon
don Times with its professions OF regard and for
hs sound opinions upon the State debts and upon other
subjects could suffer pass unnoticed In short review
OF his speech that journal asked:
as Mr.. Webster ignorant when he speaks of the mpos-
sibtty OF eIta6ilshing system OF reciprocity between
power of 900 Of inhabitants and city that
this city of the chief of central Europe backed
by the whole of Germany and only distinguished from Ger
many by The Rs sh of its being free the hip
United States to Europe cheaper than the Americans is
place check on them PRECISELY EouivAEEST 70 AN EXPORT
DUTY and thus to put an additional restriction on the whole
trade of the countryP'
Now, what would Mr.. Webster make of the agricutr-
lists OF the United States if they left his mercy
If we may Judge by his political economy en-
phacay "hewers of wood and drawers OF water his
class interests He would continue in force upon the
minmums and specifics" and levy export tax under
his PHILOSOPHY ofpoitc principle upon their various
products In order to reconcile the shpowners a high
tariff he endeavors persuade them that their interests
demand the abrogation of the reciprocity treaties. He
would induce them believe that they need protection but
adures them not to seek it at the expense of protection
TO Lowell Nc, but at the of agriculture. The doc
trne upon which he would practice is nothing more
less than this the restriction of the
the consumption of manufactures produced in the United
States; and the restriction of the agrcuurss TO the
limits of the United States for the sale of their products
In his zeal for Lowell &c. he would make the planter and
the farmer buy not only dearer all that they consume but
sell also cheaper all that they produce BY combining the
carrying of flour Rio de Janero in American bottoms
he would lay export the producer; and by con-
in American bottoms he would lay an import tax upon the
consumer, article which is admitted duty free!
As Mr.. Webster chose Bremen show the inequality
against OF the indirect carrying generally let examine
whether even in this shpowners the gain
ers. The direct carrying could deny the
chief German ports even if we acted upon the rigid Web
serian policy. Great Britain, whose navigation code
bodies rather, from whence the derives his
PHILOSOPHY of politics." has permitted it since 1925
intercourse with them. will take last year and this as
fair test OF the indirect voyages made between the
countries Last 43 American vessels arrived Bremen
indirect from the United States, ID from Hamburg
from Antwerp, from London from Havre, from Rot
terdam, from Amsterdam 2 from Aquedila l from IIa-
vana from Mazuella de Cuba, from Gutenberg from
Einlagus, from Galveston and from Sumatra-otaI 49,
OF which number % were owned in Maine, in Massa-
chusets in New York. in Maryland, in Virginia, in
Rhode Island, and in louisiana Up to the 10Th of the
present month"; the number this year has been fifth larger
There arrived from London 26 from Hamburg T. from the