The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1846-11-13


OF Europe.
They have no stake in society; they hang loose
upon Il, and are often neither happy In their own
condition, nor without danger TO the Stale. Mr.. w
stated that he had lately compared the returns Of the
number of persons committed TO jail, in the several
counties in Eng and, for crime or debt, for thirteen
years-yiz: from 1904 to 1917, with the proportion
Of agricultural and manufacturing population in
those counties respectively. The result was what
he should have expected, except that It was much
more striking. La the most agricultural counties, the
number committed to jail was one IN $4,000. In the
most manufacturing, one in less than ,OOOi pro-
portion Of twenty 70 one in favor Of agricultural EN-
ployments on the moral habits, or on the means Of
subsistence Of individuals
IL was well known that the English armies had
been principally recruited from among the manufac-
turing population II had been stated he believed
that during the late war, the city Of Glasgow had
furnished as many recruits all the rest Of Scot
land. This facility of finding recruits might be
vsnient to government but il was hardly an ndica-
ton OF individual happiness and Independence. In
short, Mr. w. said, he would put It to any man who
possessed the blessing ofchidren, whether he would
not hope ra her that they would be freeholders,
though they should ill their own soil with their own
hand, with the reasonable prospect of responsibility
and independence, although this freehold were TO be
beyond the Yellow Stone, or beyond the Stony
mountains, than that they should go through life as
louTneymen manufacturers, taking the chance of the
ignorance, and The vice, the prohgacy and the pow
erty, Of that condition. although were in the best
mandatory in the richest city in the world
II was no accommodation TO him that the larger
factories gave employ meat to women and children
lie thought It kind Of employment not suited TO
the or the other; and he observed that in Eng
land Parliament had lately been obliged to interfere
u prevent the cruel and excessive oVer-working Of
children in these establishments He was happy,
most happy, to know that with u.s. all possible care
had haen taken in In moral hakifa Of the
persons employed, especially IN the excellent esab
lshments IN our neigh borhood, with which he was
best acquainted. But il must be remembered that
the system was but just now begun. Those who
come Tor employ must come with excellent habits,
already formed under the care oftheT parents in the
farm-houses ofNew England Thus far, all is we'll
But let not deceive ourselves. Some situations
are favorable TO moral habits, and others unfayor-
able, and among the last some Of such powerful
tendency care has been able 10 resist. He
would not but believe that the respectable young
men OF the country would choose hereafter TO look
for companions for life rather in domestic families
rather among those who the companions Of their
mothers, the guardians Of their young brothers and
sisters, educated IN the family society and with
family affections, than to go for their choice to the
crowded weaVing-room at factory, In an atmos-
phere Of cotton and oil, and amidst the din Of spools
and splndles. lie knew that he speaking upon
what might be thought the remote effect Of these
great establishments Yet not so remote, perhaps,
we may imagine. II the system be established
and adhered to- which he could not believe until he
should il, the effects will not he tardy 10 their
arrival. Two generations, in his opinion, would
change the whole face Of New England society. lie
persuaded himself however, that the proposed
change wns mpracticable. Our very state and con-
diuon warred against il. Our best interests he be-
lieyod were opposed TO il, and Of all public meas
ures It among the very ast to which he should
give his appreciation. lie believed the encourage
ment already given to manufactures would enable
them to extend themselves fast as the general
good required The question was constantly asked
"Wlll you do nothing for the manufacturer" But
this he thought unfair mode OF stating the ques-
tion; much is already done for the manufacturers
The duties, as they now stand afford great protec-
ton, and, in some cases. extraordinary bounties To
our manufacturers. IL was thought that complete
satisfaction had been giveA at the tme by the law
Of 1916; which yet had been again altered, most
materially, in favor OF the manufacturers Of woollen
and cotton cloth. by that law the duties on these
articles was put at IS per cent, after three years
By a subsequent act, however, this was altered,
and the duty kept at the highest rate. On woollen
cloth there is now paid duty Of 25 per cent on
their original value, which, with the usual addition
amounts to 81 per cent
On cotton cloths, although the nominal rate per
cent. is the same, the duty is in effect much higher.
IL 25 per cent the first cost; but then the first
cost is to be deemed always to be at least 25 cents
from India best suited TO our consumption, and for
which, consequently, there is most demand in our
market, the original price ordinarily does not eX-
coed u cents per yard Here thon is duty of Ct
cents on yard Of cloth which costs but u; that is
TO say, the duty is eighiythrse per csum on the
cost Of the arcle-and this, the importer says, in
addition to the cost Of importation. This is so
much bounty to the home manufacturers; and yet
in the face of this known fact, are asked if zee
icil do nothing Jr cotton manufacturers; and
it is proposed to raise the bounty from eighty
three per cent to hundred and thirty three per
cent Iron Is another article on which there has
been constant effort to raise the duty 1t is an arti-
Gle of very general consumption in most of the
pations in life The cost of importation itself is gen.
orally nearly equal to the original cost. BY the law
of 1910, the duty was fixed at nine dollars per ton.
1t has been since raised to fteen and it is now pro-
posed to raise it to twenty five.
He believed, upon the whole, that all reasonable
encouragement had been already given to manufac-
lures, and especially to the manufactures of cloth
He had the pleasure Of seeing gentlemen present,
not from only, but from several Of the factories
in this neighborhood. Iftheir business were ruin :.
Gus, some of the manufacturers had elsewhere
pretended, he hoped they would state it. He would
be quite willing to leave it TO those gentlemen them
selves to say whether, with the present protection
the best conducted manufacturing establishments did
not yield as fair profits on capital other branches
of busiress' He exceedingly doubted whether
tney Woulu oe "iiiib5 W CoHe an average, ana
to divide their present profits with the agricuuriss
and the merchants. He believed indeed, that the
persons connected with the establishments to which
he alluded had not petitioned Congress for new
duties. He believed that others would have been
wise to have followed the same course. That which
is most to be desired these subjects is seadness
and permanency. He hoped the present duties
would stand without increase or diminution; that
Congress would adhere to what it had already estab-
ished; and that both the government and the country
would resist all attempts to make new, frequent and
great changes in the value of property in the oecupa
tons and pursuits Of men, and in the means Of
living.
BosToN, Oct. 3, 1890
New TARIFr.-Yesterday an adjourned meeting,
on the subject of the proposed tariff, was held at
Faneuil Hall, Hon William Gray chairman and
William Foster, esq.,, secretary.
long and interesting report was read from the
respectable committee appointed at n former meet.
ing, which concluded with the following resolves
RESOLVED, That we have regarded with pleasure
the establishment and success Of manufactures
among us, and consider their growth, when natural