davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Mississippi Creole. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1841-1851, 1846-07-18
The Mississippi Creole,
is pUpLIsHEp EVERY. sATuRpAY MoIaNINe

N IS PUBLIsHED EVERY SATURDAY MORNING'
.yo Is new published at So year, if paid within
one me nth from the time of subscribing. II
n t paid within that time, at SIS year, due,
ard will be sued for, in all cases, at the expi-
ration Of the. month Advertisements inserted
atone dollarper square, payable on the first
ilsertioA, ~ d will be sued for immediately, #
nt paid. Yearly advertising as heretofore. i
Articles of personal nature, whenever adj
Lars for every ten linesfor each insertion. Po-
1llical circulars orpublic addresses, for the be-
hoft Of individual persons or companies, will
tie charged as advertisements, and atthe same
Yates. 2 q a z, 49, Al
Announcing Candidates for Office will be Ten
Dollars each. NV n h
y. All .Job Hork must be paid for on delivery.
Postage on Letters must be paid, orthsy will
Not be attended to. 3 sss f-fSss # ga
The Mississippi Creole. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1841-1851, 1846-07-18

T Humphreys, Judgment 25th Novem-
Der l842. for 46l Is.
Mitchell, Callahan and Gillespie use
&c, VS. John Duke, Judgment 9Th May,
1912, for $50 10.
! w S Rainer admir-, VS. J R Grigsby,
Judgment 10th May 1842, for 292 874.
w S Rayner admir- vsJ t Heth, judg-
ment 10th May 1842, for 5l8 81.
Bulitt, Ship &. co. VS. w Joiner and w
benson, judgment 26th November l842,
for 1852 81. "
Stanton q. Buckner VS. E H Powell,
Judgment Cd December is49, for Ais rs.
w Draue, use &c VS. R M Williamson
Judgment 9th November 1842, for II &C.
Dyer Pearl VS. J C Boyd, Judgment 20,
May 1874, for 1000 80. ''' y. ~
Forsyth-& Auerbury VS. Williamson
Smith, judgment 4th May.ls43, for 45t
! 10.
Hamblen 4 Latham use &c VS. John J
Henry, S M Flournoy, r NJ Cox and w
Hoy, judgment 9Th May lS4o, for 9,o4o
90.
! CP Taliafero 4. CO VS. VIM Smith judg-
ment Goth May 1916, for 148 90.
G w House use &c, VS. R NJ William
son, Judgment 18th May 1916, for ,l98
66.
Wm Hardeman VS. William F Walker,
judgment 18th May 1843, for 267 25.
w Swami VS. J H Cheatham surv DC,
judgment 18th May 1843, for 213 80.
G w Tllley VS. &C Herbert, Judgment
9Th May l843, for 1898 80.
" A Pegram vsC w Allen, c W Cliff
ton and Allen &. Bennett, judgment 4th
May 1843, for AGO co.
Elias Johnson VS. B R Allen, ex'r, &c.
Judgment 22d November l843, for 1860
As
E f. S A Shumway use &c, VS. Phineas
M Garrett, judgment 22nd November
l943, for SO 81.
r Christmas surv, sc, VS. Israel Spen-
Ger, judgment .2Sth November l843, for
81 54.
w. s. BAILEY, ShF.
July A, 1916. 42-ts
The Mississippi Creole. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1841-1851, 1846-07-18
EXECUTORS NOTICE.

II ETTERS testamentary having beer
"a granted TO the undersigned a: the
May Tenn, 1916, of the Probate cour
OF Madison county, Mississippi, on the
estate of John G. OFT, deceased, all per
sons indebted to said estate are notified
to come forward and make immediate
payment, and those having claims a.
galnst said estate, will present them Ie-
gally authenticated within the time pre-.
scribed by law or they will be forever
barred.
E. G. HENRY, Ear.
June 10, 1916. 1914
The Mississippi Creole. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1841-1851, 1846-07-18
FOR SALE.
New York, 9Th month. list, Is

FKVHE subscriber offers for sale his
- Plantation in Madison county, stu
ated about eight miles from Canton and
six miles from Livingston, and adioin-
ing the lands Of Benjamin S. Kicks and
James Brown. The tract contains about
fifteen hundred and sixty acres of land,
one thousand Of which are cleared. =
This land is remarkably fertile and can
no, be surpassed in the county for its
superior state Of cultivation and i'm
provements. For the terms of sale en-
quire Of A. Il, Handy, Esq, Canton, or
address me at Hard Times. Tensas Pa
IRISH, Louisiana
s. ". DORSEY.
April 4, 1916. 29-l0m.
The Mississippi Creole. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1841-1851, 1846-07-18

CHOLERA, SUMNER COMPLAINT
Dinrrhna, Dysentary, and all other
DerangementS Of the STOMACH and
OWELS. cured By DR.. ia YNE'S
~CARlNKNAI TIVE BALSAM. ~
New York, 9Th month, LIST, 1888
Friend DR.. Jayne,--It gives me much
pleasure~to inform thee Of the result ola
case in which | administered thy Carmi-
aatire Ba2sam, and consider It to be a
matter Of duty due thee and the public,
to give. the following statements: Being
called to visit patient few days since,
/ found he was vomiting and purging
most violently, with severe Tormina and
Cramps in the upper and lower extremi-
ties, and also in the abdominal particles.
The cramp was so violent, that it took
four men to rub him necessarily, to keep
down. the spasm, and to use his own
words. he said it see mel to him as if his
bones would snap in two. There was
also violent cholic pains around The uu,bi-
lical region, attended with very distress
sing nausea. In short, considered tito
be case OF genuine cholera, found on
inquiry, the patient had been unwell the
day previous, with looseness Of the
bowels. That six hours before / saw
him, he was seized with the complaint.
and he gradually got worse. The ex-
tremities were cold, and he was nearly
pulseess. Immediately gave him a
spoonful Of thy BaIsam, which in few
moments was elected from the stomach.
but on giving it few times, The stomach
became settled, and he expressed him.
self much relieved. lthen gave him
calomeI and opium powder. In two
hours from the time saw him he felt
quite easy, and fell asleep, and slept we'll
for five hours; but on waking, the symp-
toms again returned directed more
Of the Balsam TO be given him, when the
disease subs'ded, and the patient was con.
valescent. 1t took only one bottle to ef-
feet a cure. Rave also so often wines
sed the beneficial effects Of the Carmi4
native Balsam in summer complaints and
diarrhpa. that would not he without il
for its aceigh' in Siirrr.
| remain thv friend.
THOMAS MOTT. NJ D
4S Broadway. n. Y.
For sale at the Drug Store Of
PRlESTLEI q .MOSBY.
July II, 1916. 4S-3w
The Mississippi Creole. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1841-1851, 1846-07-18
WAGON AAE:NG.

WAGON MAKING.
TyIHE subscriber respectfully announ.
n ces 10 the citizens Of Madison
county, that he has opened the shop
lately occupied by Nh. L. French, where
be will carry on the above mentioned
business in all its branches. Horse
Shooting on the most approved princi-
pies. lie has on hand few of the ce-
LIBERATED Dat Cutters which he viii sell
low for cash.
w. o. lIARGAN.
June p. 1916. 42-ly
The Mississippi Creole. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1841-1851, 1846-07-18

CHOLERA, SUMNER Complaint
Dinrrhna, Dysentary, and all other
. Derangements Of the STOMACH and
a BOWELS. cured By DR.. JAYNE'S
~CARNINA TIVE BALSAM. "A
The Mississippi Creole. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1841-1851, 1846-07-18
BLACKSMITHING AND

Anril 4. 1916.
The Columbian fountain., 1846-06-17
"A Card.

YNHE subscriber takes this method to inform his
- customers, and the public generally, that he
has, for the present, removed his Boot and Shoe
establishment on the opposite side Of the street.
next door to Mr., Kinchey's confectionery, and op-
lposite to Mr. Dyer's Auction Store, South side Of
Pennsylvania Avenue, between 10th and lth
Streets where he can be found at all times, ready
to execute any orders he may be favored with at
the shortest notice, and in the best and most fash
ionable style. He would also wish his customers
and the public generally, to take notice that his en-
tire stock will DO sold from and after this date, at
Cost, and no mistake. To those wishing to pur-
chase, he would say call and see his stock, consist
ing of almost every article size, quality and price,
in his line Of business worn by gentlemen, ladies,
boys, misses, youths and children.
THOMAS B. GRIFFIN.
N. B. The subscriber has on hand between 200
and 900 pairs black and white satin, and black and
white Kid slippers Of the finest quality, at 81 25
per pair. L. b. q.
march 25-tf
The Columbian fountain., 1846-06-17

TSRESH GROCERIES.-The subscriber is now
receiving by packets Statesman and Alexan-
dria, from New York, his Fall and Winter supply
of Family Groceries, making his assortment COM
plete. a 81
H 1t is deemed unnec easary to enumerate general
ly, but he will name the following articles, viz:
st. Croix, Porto Rico, New Orleans, Muscovado,
Sugar, in hhds and bbls.
I Loaf Lump, Crushed, Powdered, Brown, and
White Havana Sugars
\ Sugar house. st. Croix, and N !. Syrup
! New Orleans, Porto Rico, Sugar-house, st.
Croix, and Trinidad Molasses.
\ TEAS. :.
Gunpowder, Imperial, Young Hyson, Skin, and
Black fresh and of the best quality.
COFFEE. af
4 Mocha, Java, Maracaibo, Laguyra, (green and
white,) Rio, ST., Catharine's, and Angostura
i Spices of every description, ground and un-
ground
Catsups in great variety
Sardines and Curry Powder
Fresh Salmon, Lobster, and Clans hermetically
sealed
Anchovies, Capers, and Olives
Bakers Kitchens, and others make, Cocoa and
Chocolate
Salad oil Of very superior qualify
French and other Mustards
Fish, Mackerel, Tin bbls and kits, (Shad, Salmon
Cod, and Herring
CANDLES-Sperm, Adamantne, sterine, and
Mould atse
NUTS-Almonds, Pecan, English and Brazil
FRUITS-Raisins, Currants, Prunes, Figs, Ap.
pies. Cranberries, &c.
CHEESE Sapsago and dairy Cheese
BUTTER-New York and Glades Butter
FLOUR.
60 bbls. New York, Of choice brands
30 bbls. Virginia, Family, Extra, and Superfne
100 packages Buckwheat Flour, (New York;
Oat and CorDmeal
BACON AND DRIED BEEF.
200 choice Family Hams
1000 lbs. Middlings
1000 lbs. Shoulders !.
1000 lbs. fresh Dried Beet
OIL.
1000 gals Winter Sperm Oil, bleached asd un.
bleached
CIGARS
10000 Cigars, comprising Regalia, La Norms,
Pantiila, Cheroots, Lord Byron, Principe, and
other brands
Tobacco, in greatOvariety, plug and fne-cut
chewing
SOAP.
Is boxes fancy Toilet Soap
rs boxes Family Soap
Buckets, Pals, Baskets, Brooms, Brushes, Mats
&c.
Thankful for liberal share of patronage from
the citizens of Washington hitherto, he respectful
ly solicits contnuancs,o OF the same.
S. HOLMES,
nearly opposite the Patriotic Bank, 9TH street.
dec I3-tf
The Columbian fountain., 1846-06-17
DIR. SChWarfZe's

TNRIvALLED COMPOUND EXTRACT
~ OF SARSAPARILLA.--The afflicted are
respectfully referred TO the advertisement of the
above celebrated preparation in the " Sum-" which
has produced such astonishing cures in this Dis
trlct. Also, the celebrated Chrome Thermal Ague
Pill, which never fails to cure the most inveterate
Ague in IL hours. The proprietor can refer the
afflicted to hundreds Of cures performed by the
above remedies. april s-H.
The Columbian fountain., 1846-06-17
BUTTER, CHEESE AND FRUIT.
IIISrT reneiuad hu the snhnoner Cnlumhia ffnrn

BUTTER, CHEESE AND FRUIT.
Just received, by the schooner Columbia, from
u New York.
u packages prime Butter;
IS boxes do Cheese;
3 do Pine Apple do;
$50 Ia l-2 and whole boxes Raisns;
80 drums fresh Smyrna Figs;
s do Turkey Raisins Gree from stones,)
!. cases Bordeau Prunes;
Also, on hand: 8
2 casks Currants;
S cases Citron;
| do preserved Ginger;
Other Preserves and Jellies;
Cranbcrries in quarter bbls and by measure;
Catsups, Sardines, Olives, Capers;
Anchovies, Curry Powder, &c. &c;
A general assortment of Pickles;
Fresh Salmon, CLANS and Lobsters;
Hermetically sealed do;
Fresh Macaroni and Vermacilla; 4,
Do Salad Oils, &c, &c;
Which, with his former stock, renders his assort-
ment complete, and to which attention is invited
s. HOLMES,
7th street, nearly opposite Patriotic Bank.
Dec l8-tf 4qs
The Columbian fountain., 1846-06-17
FOR NORFOLK.

a sesn. Tie Steamer OCEOLA having un-
dergone thorough repairs, will resume
her trips to the above place on Friday the Sd of
April, leaving Washington every FRIDAY, at nine
o'clock A. NJ, and Alexandra at halfpast O'Clock.
Returning, she will leave Norfolk every MONDAY,
at o'clock P. M. Passage and Fare Sc.
The OcEoLA will stop at her usual Landings on
the Patomac, to take on and land passengers-and
touch at Cone River going and returning
Passage and Fare through to Richmond, by the
James River Boats, Sc.
JAMES MITCHELL, Captain.
CT Afte, the first of May, the Occola will make
two tIips week.
april Eff
The Columbian fountain., 1846-06-17
THE FIRST OF MAY!

NTE have THIS DAY opened an additional
w supply of new and beautiful Goods for the
Spring, consisting, in part as viz
Balzarines Lawns, Graduated and rich striped
Bereges, Ombre shaded and Silk striped
Lawns, graduated and Lace Powered, some at
Is cents, very beautiful
Ginghams of every style and price
White Cambria and Muslins, corded, barred
and striped
Shawls, Scarfs and Ties, beautiful and rich in
style and quality.
ALSO: Fine French Cloths, Of every quality
and price
French Cassimeros, striped and plain, rich and
elegant style
Light and Black Silk and Satin Vestings
Tweeds and Gambroons, for Gentlemen and
Boys, some at very low prices
Bleached and Brown Sheeting
Do do Shirtings
Domestic Ginghams, Penitentary Paids
Apron and Shirtng Checks
Bleached and Brown Tweed Cott6ns.
Together with their stock in Store, makes their
stock very complete, which will be sold very low for
cash. Ii r. l.. SMALLWOOD g. CO.,
Pennsylvania avenue, between 9th and 10th streets.
may 2-tf
The Columbian fountain., 1846-06-17
AUCTION NOTICE.

TNHE subscriber, having obtained a license 10 sell
il at auction, respectfully offers his services to sell
property Of every description. All sales entrusted
to his care will receive his personal attention. and
every effort will be made to make goods command
fair prices.
Heswil bestow particular attention to the arrane.
ing and disposal of furniture at private houses.
Liberal advances made on all goods consigned for
public sale, but under no circumstances will limited
goods be received. He respectfully socits share
Of patronage.
n, RI G. w. BOTELER. Jr.. Auctoneer
The Columbian fountain., 1846-06-17
Boots & Shoes! Boots & shoes!

A. RUFF, (successor TO e. Lacy) six doors
y, East Of Coleman's Hotel Pennsylvania av-
enue, has just received from Philadelphia full and
complete assortment Of Ladies Black aud Bronze
Caters, Buskins, Ties and Slippers. Also, great
variety Of Childrens Shoes, at all prices Gentle
mems Boots, Caters, Shoes and Slippers, Of eyerv
kind All Of which will be sold as cheap a, can be
bought elsewhere. invite my friends, and the
public generally to give me call, and feel conf
dent Of being able to please in quality and prce.
april IS -eodlm.
The Columbian fountain., 1846-06-17
~ PAPER-HANGING
And Uph0lstering store, on pennsylya MS

Apenue, befDeen 9th and 10th Streets
IN MOORE has just received an elegant assort-
IL. ment of Paper. Hansings, suitable for halls,
parlors, chambers, drawing and dining-rooms.
Also a large collection of Firescreens, and fine
Velvet and plain Borders to match.
D. Moore has made arrangements at some of tie
best factories in this country to be constantly get
ting in store the latest styles of Paper-hangngs,
which will be sold at very small profits for cash. at
the old stand Of Muller & Moore. l
march 2S-n
The Columbian fountain., 1846-06-17
Feed Store.

ME subscriber hereby respectfully informs the
- citizens Of Washington that he has opened a
Feed Store, on the Northeast corner Of G street
North and 18th street West, between Pennsylvania
avenue and the bridge on 18th street. His carts at
tend the markets with meal, cuthay, and all the
other articles in his line of business, and will de-
liver articles purchased either from the market or
at the Store He solicits share of their patronage
april ll-eod9m 9m. L. H. BERGMAN.
The Columbian fountain., 1846-06-17
yLTHITE'S Compound sirup OF WILD
wv CHERRY, Sarsaparilla, and other
MEnJCTNAT PLANTS The Dvansvar cf tha

yIJHITE'S Compound sirup OF WILD
wv CHERRY, Safsaparilla, and other
MEDICINAL PLANTS. The prsparer Of the
above Strip, having witnessed for many years its
extraordinary effects in obstinate coughs, and, in
truth, in all breast complaints tending to consump-
ton, has been induced by many Of those who have
experienced It's sautary operatioR TO offer il 10 the
public, under the full conviction that the timely use
Of this compound will avert the fatal termination Of
many cases. ottf Ff
The preparer adds to this notice the certificates OF
two respectable citizens who ascbe their restoration
to health to this preparation.
This is to certify that my daughter received great
benefit from mixture called Compound Snup Of
Wild Cherry and Sarsaparilla, prepared by Mrs. j.
C. White, on 9th street, between ID and K streets.
Her cough was entirely cured by using the above
si.up and | take pleasure in recommending it to
the public as sure and speedy remedy for coughs,
however violent or long standing.
J. X. HANSON,
H street, First Ward, Washington,
Mrs. ]. C.. WHITE: Dear Madam,-It affords me-
heartfelt satisfaction to lay before the public the BEN
eft received from yeur Compound Sirup Of Wild
Cherry and Sarsapara. was taken, two years
ago, with bad cough, and tried great many things
that were recommended, and nothing did me any
good was advised to try some of your Compound
sirup Of Wild Cherry and. Sarsaparilla. My cough
was SO bad that hardly could go along, and after
taking the first bottle was so much better that
was able to attend to my business, and now am
entirely clear of my cough
JOHN HAGERTY,
Ninth street, near L, Washington.
AGENTS.
s. Redeem, First Ward, Washington.
Lewis Clephane, Penn. avenue, between 9th and
10th streets.
Refer To
Mrs. Lucinda O'Fanell Dove, F street, between
lth and 18th streets
Edward Francis, King street, Alexandra. d. G.
Price 81 per BOTTLE or $40 per dozen. For sale
by J. c. WHITE. Ninth street.
feb l4-2awly Between and E streets.
The Columbian fountain., 1846-06-17

A CARD.-The undersigned begs leave to ten
IA der his thanks to the citizens of this COM
munity for the liberal patronage which they have
bestowed upon him during the past year, and very
respectfully informs them that he still continues
the Auction and Commission business at Concert
Hall near Browns hotel, where he will promptly
and with dispatch discharge all business in his
line, to the satisfaction of any and all persons who
may favor him with it.
tie would also inform those who are in arrears
with HIM to call and settle their accounts as soon
as possible, The need, being at all times accepta-
Bile, and at this time peculiarly indispensable.
s A. GREEN,
jan 90 Auction and Commission Merchant
The Columbian fountain., 1846-06-17

This Company was incorporated in 1918, with a
perpetual charter, and capital Of S25O,O00, with
liberty to increase to S5OOO0O and insure against
loss damage by fire, on Dwelling Houses, Stores,
Manufacturing Establishments, Household Farni,
ture and Merchandise in general, on the most "a
vorable terms. a
The ample means and successful business OF the
Company, has enabled it to pass through many ex-
tensivs confagrations, and to meet its Losses with
the most satisfactory promPtness; and any losses
which it may sustain risks taken at this Age ncy,
will be literally adjusted by the agent according to
the usage Of the best Fire Companies, and Taid
with promptness in current funds.
In case differences should arise touching any loss
or damage, the Company is pledged, by resolution
Of the Board Of Directors, to submit the same to
arbiraors, indierently chosen; Or at the optior Of
the assured, the jurisdiction Of the proper Court of
this city will be acknowledged.
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Thomas X. Brace, Samuel Tudor,
Griffin Steadman, Joseph Morgan
James Thomas, Ward Woodbridge,
Joseph Church SiLas B. Hamilton,
Frederick Tyler, Robert Buel,
Samuel E. Broughton, Miles A. Tuttle,
E. White, John L. Bosweu
Ebenezer FloIoer, Joesph PrDtt,
Thomas X. Brace, Presto ent.
s. l.. Lo0uiS, Secretary. may l. taw2m.
The Columbian fountain., 1846-06-17

CHEAP, CHEAPER, CHEAPEST OF ALL.
CHARLES. CALVERT, JR,, CABINET and
" CHAIR MANUFACTURERS, Corner Of Penn
sylvania ageasse, and 18Th street, Washington City
Venitian Blinds made to order. Allwork executed
Punctually, and IN the most workmanllke manner !
Funerals attended at the shortest notice, and on
reasonable terms.
The subscriber thankful for past favors he has
received respectfully asks for continuation Of the
same ne is always prepared to execute any work
in the above line.
Old Furniture repaired and vanished, also taken
in exchange for new. nov 8-ly C. C.
n C. BEVERIDGE'S CHEAP Tail LORLNG
", ESTABLISHMENT, Psnnsylua,ia ave,,us OPP
posite Colemans Hotel Washington city, is prepared
TO make up Clothing of every description in the
most modern style and at the shortest notice, and
not surpassed in workmanship by any establishment
in the city The following prices have been adopt
ed to suit the times Aee a.t
Making and trimming Goats, best style, SO so
Do. do Pants do 9 90
Do do. Vests do. rs
Making Goats without trimmings 6 90
Do Pants do. do, L 25
Do Vests do. do l !25
\ All work warranted to fit in superior style.
G.. c. B. having practical knowledge, and long
experience in the above profession, will readily ac-
company Gentlemen to select such Cloths in dry
goods stores as they may desire
Gentlemen's Garments cleaned in very supe-
rior style.
N. B-Gentlemen and childrens clothing cut to
order in the most fashionable style and so arranged
that there can be no mistake in making them up.
dec 23-n
The Columbian fountain., 1846-06-17

Doors AND SHOES. just received
ID We have a full and complete assortment Of
Mems Boots, Bootees, Nullfers and Caters, Ladies
Caters, Haf-Gaiters, Kid & Morocco Buskins, Ties
and Slippers French style Misses Cater Beotss
Half-Gaiters, Buskins, Ties and Slippers, together
with complete assortment Of Childrens Shoes,
which we will sell at the very lowest cash prices.
r. l.. SMALLWOOD g. CO.,
Pennsylvania avenue, between 9th and 10th streets.
may 2-6
The Columbian fountain., 1846-06-17

CONGRESS BOOKS, LAW BOOKS.
MEDICAL BOOKS, AMERICAN HISTORY,
II &c. The subscriber has for sale, at his Store.
near corner Of AZ street and Pennsylvania avenue.
Washington, large stock of
LAW BOOKS.
Among them are all the elementary works; also,
Chancery Reports. All the New York and Mary
Law Library, 80 vols, together with handsome
selection Of such other Law Books are suitable
for the Washington market
CONGRESS BOOKS.
All the Laws, Documents, Journals, Registers Of
by Congress- to be had in quantities at the SUBJ
scribers. The s
MEDICAL BOOKS
were selected by the gentlemen of the Faculty in
the District. The collection embraces all the stan
dard and elementary works.
"AMERICAN HISTORY
Some Of the American Books are very old and
rare and all the late works on American subjects
are to be found in this Chapter.
"MISCELLANEOU BOOKS"
All the current literature Of the day will be found
among these in all the various fashionable bindings
RELIGIOUS BOOKS.
+ All the Bibles, Prayer, and Hymn Books of al
most all the different denominations in all kinds Of
bindings. a
"BLANK BOOKS AND STATIONERY"
A handsome assortment of Blank Books, and
all kinds of Stationery, for sale as above.
The Books will be sold as cheap as at any other
Bookstore in tho United States.
march 7-tf GEORGE TEMPLEMAN.