The Cadiz sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 184?-1851, 1846-02-25

acknowledged, admlited and when Christopher
Columbus came, under commission from Fer
dinand and Isabella, king and queen of CASTLE,
! Leon and Arragon-whcn he came and made his
discovery, which he did in October, 1892, 10 the
nextyear, some time in the month of March or
! April 1853, the Pope of Rone-as that time au-
thorised, according to all International law be-
tween Christians, TO do it-7gave 10 Ferdinand
and Isabella The whole continents of North and
South America. He authorized The drawing of
a line from pole TO pole 100 leagues west of The
Azofes Islands and Cape de Verde; and he gave
! the whole 100 leagues beyond, from pole 10 pole,
to Ferdinand and Isabella, king and queer. Of
CASTLE, Leon, and Arragon, Now do intend
to say that this is one of our titles2 must say
! it, although think, perhaps, as little Of il as any
member of this House. Bat it was a good title
when it was given. Ii was the understanding,
the faith, the belief of all the Christian nations
of Europe that The Pope had this power; and it
! it was acqniesced in by them all for time
| That same Pope at that time was in the custom
Of giving away not only barbarous nations, but
civilized nations. He dethroned soyereigns, put
them under interdict, and excommanicated them
from intercourse with all other Christians; and it
was submitted to. And now, sir, the govern
ment of Great Britain-the nation of Great Bri-
tain--holds the island Of Ireland OH 10 other IL
| tie. Three hundred years before that time, Pope
Adrian of Rome gave, by that same power, TO
| Henry !. Of England the island of Ireland; and
England has held it from that day TO this under
that title, and no other. That is no Other, unless
by conquest (for il has been in continued state
of rebellion ever since, and Great Brran has
been obliged TO conquer it a half dozen times
since; and now the question is whether Ireland
shall ever become an independent kingdom. If
VIC come 10 a war with Great Britain, she will
| find it enough 10 do 10 maintain that isand) l
| do not think it of very great value; though |
think It does not 60 for nothing. Now that gen.
eral authority given to man toincrease multiply, 3
and replenish the earth, and Subdae it, was
grant from the Creator TO man as man; it was
giant to every individual of the human race in
his individual capacity. But, then, the portion
OF that belongs 10 the individual, and was given
4 thereby, was a matter for the whole hnman race
TO accommodate among themselves. That is to
say, in communities, communities should agree
together what should be the metes and bounds
of that portion Of the earth given them by the
general grant from the Creator. When commu-
mites were formed, it became matter of Iegis-
lalion among them 10 whom any particular pro.
lperty-c. e., lot of land on which to build
house--shOuld belong. Any territorial right
whatever, as between individuals, was 10 be reg
uialed by legislation; as between nations it was
to be regulated by consent, by convention; and
in thatway the laws ofnaons as they ale called,
(Which are nothing more than the customs of ma
Itions, and the treaties and conventions of ma
tons have regulated how every spot, every inch
of land shall be occupied. And among the rest,
lit is by these laws and regulations internal
among communities and international among ma
tions-that you hold that seat, referring to the
Speakers seat y and do not, because you have
it, elevated to il by the laws of the country, and
no other man can take, except by permission, so
! long as your right continues.
| Well, sir, our title to Oregon stands on the
same foundation. When THE discovery of Co
lumbus came to be matter of great Importance
among the nations of the earth, other nations
took into their heads to plant colonies on this
continent, and then came the question of con-
troversy between them, which never has been
settled to this day. Our question now with
Great Britain is one of the consequences Of that
stale of things. There never has been any
agreement between the nations oflhe earth how
these points shall be settled.
There have been titles derived from trepty,
from agreement, from conquest there have been
sources from which they have derived title 10
territory We have been told here that our Il
tie TO the Columbia river and all tie territory that
is drained by it, is in consequence OF discovery
and exploration. Well, sR, that has been par
tally an agreement between the nations that they
will say they consider that where nation dis
covers the mouth of river, and explores that
river to its source then that nation is entitled,
and has been generally allowed, TO maintain
their authority But that is not the foundation
of any Of our titles.
Looking into Hazatd's State Papers, lst vo-
lame, | find there charter from Charles of
England to the colony Of Massachusetts, Bay, Of
the territory between latitude 40 and 4S degs.,
and from sea 10 sea. That was no longer ago
than the time of Charles l. The same title was
given to Virginia The first titleto Virgiuia-I
forget now precisely between wat parallels of
latitude it extended, but it comprehended this
very same territory from to sea and others Of
the charters Of the kings of England gave that
Territory from sea sea. Now what right had tho
kings of England TO give by parallels of latitude
from 40 TO 4S degs. for the colony of Massachu-
setts, any more than the Pope of Rome had 10
give from pole 10 pole2 Well, is there gentle
man in this House that does not hold 10 the ~
grants Of charters Of the kings Of England 10 sus-
tain them in their right 10 their own tenltoryf
Ii the territory Of Virginia were TO be disputed
and we hear much about what territory Is dispu-
table, ask my friends from Virginia where they
would 60 for their right to hold tho lands on
which the cities of Richmond and Norfolk are
built2 Why, they would go TO the charter Of the
English king, James |; they must 90 there; they
could go no where else, (unless they claim by
right of conquest under the declaration of inde-
pendence, as they might possibly do.) There is
the title. Way,at this very day there is a con-
lrovcrsy now going on before the highest judi