Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-12-08
Tar raRMFR AND MANUFACTURERS.

| stick 10 the new afiu. ue - :.
have had great chances IN 'he 'as' .wen ny J,an..
,,anntactures, and, il they will only lei wen
anonoh alone. can continue 10 derive more Pron'
| from capital invested in that branch lhap IN any
o,her They have their forty and MY per cent
nroec,ioD: and this with The skill and experience
ibey have, is ample TO give them all reasonable
profits. We rejoice in their prosperity as Il mas
been and rs il will continue We 60 Tor lneir
interest 10 The whole extent that Il can go cons'''-
cnl with The equal interests oil all classes.
RIM we rejoice that the farmer, al last mas eo'
lille chance The reduction OF Tariffs IN Eng
land and The United States, has increased she va,
Inc of the farmers stock al least one hundred ana
seventy millions, and this, TOO, in his own hahos'
before il has been bought up by the SPECTATORS.
Who will grieve over the success oil Inc larmersf
For twenty wears The farmer has hardy real
lied four per cent. on his capital! Inc manu-
lacturer complains that he canno, gel forty per
cent. (, Now. if il were necessary TO bring the
manufacturer down 10 Ten per cent, 10 oloef 10
raise the farmer 10 ten per cent, woulo u ue any
thing but fart The farmers OF Inc onilea o'aVes
are as eighly-lhree out OF one hundred OF 'ne Po-
pulatcn the manufacturers out as seventeen ~
an hundred, including all handlcrait. 1t woulo pc
beller 10 make the eighy-three prosper Than The
seventeen if we must choose. But II is mol so
The one hundred and seventy millions increase
Of the property Of the farmers will manly 60 10
Inv The goods oil The manufacturer. The wealth
olthe West will come to The East in exchange for
orr fabrics The farmer will increase his con-
sumption Of manufactures In proportion 10 MS
increase OF means, while The manufacturer can
no, increase his consumption oil The farmers pro-
ducts, under high Tariff, TO any great extent
for the simple reason that manufacturers are bull
men, and can cal no more than other men.
And as TO this dogma of The home market TO
consume the farmers products, II is as idle as II
| would be for the Boston water commissioners to
establish protective system 10 encourage the
settlement of ants along The line ofIhe Long Pond
aoueduct. TO remove the earth that bias got 70 be
! eIcaya,edl Here are five hundred millions OF
bushels oil bread-sufs raised beyond all that can
be eaten in the United States, il every man, We
man and child, should gorge twenty bushels a
year. including the 79i 900 manufacturers And
how, after eating twenty bushels apiece, are they
going 10 swallow the five hundred millions oil
| overplusl
| And, then, as 10 the increase of the mouths Of
manufacturers TO consume the farmers products
in home market. From 1920 10 1910, the whole
change OF relative employment in the United
States has been only decrease of three and a
quarter per cent. in agriculture and commerce
| and an increase 10 that extent in manufactures
mouths now 10 help the farmers consume, than
there were twenty years ago; and how long will
il take a, this rate, TO eat up the surplus produce
| in "home market"
| Hence we see that, even il an exclusive home
market were profitable 10 the manufacturer, il is
death TO the farmer.
| Nor will II do TO say that we can have free
trade with Europe in grain and still keep her oa'
| o. our markets; because she can't buy of US. il
We won't buy Of her, and The farmers produce
must rot here, and the millions in Europe s,arre
first unless il can be paid for in some ofihe pro-
ducts OF European industry.
And thus we see The enormous extent OF the
demand the protec,ioniss make, when they in.
sisl upon "home market" al such cost.
Here is little table Of statistics which fair
minded men ought TO look al, when they hear The
cry Of "prolection" and "home market"
From 1921 TO l94l The whole imports into the
United States amounted 1924, 25s, 7l9. The
gross duties taxed ON them were 6,3l6, l66.
So that, in addition 10 The cost Of the articles
landed here, the people who consumed them paid
one quarter more on this portion of what they
consumed. II this were for revenue TO pay ex-
penses OF government, il was all well enough.
But it is also estimated from the best data, Thai,
during that period, the amount OF domestic me-
nufaclures was three times the amount imported,
making the whole amount OF domestic and i'm
ported in twenty years SO 857, 034, 1856. Now, The
lowest estimate that can be made Of The enhanced
price OF articles by reason oil The lax upon their
Importation, is one half OF the tax 10 be added 10
The cost. Il follows then, that in twenty years,
The farmers and other interests have paid 10 the
manufacturers, by way Of protection, 81 ,072 la,
OIL, which is a lax Of $50, 607, POS per annum.
This is the secret Of the depression of the agri.
cultural States, and the wealth CT The manuiac-
turing States under high Tariffs; and, now, ought
The laller 10 complain il there is more equaiza
tion between them, under The Tariff
But, in point fact, the manufacturer will gain,
in the long run, because, il he sells cheaper, he
will sell and se mss sf MS g
home market, will be able TO buy more, and paJ
for what they buy, and the demand for manutac-
turing labor will increase.
In addition 10 this, the merchant and shipper
and ip.builder, and all the mechanical and
other interests connected with commerce. are 10
derive immense benefits from the effects OF these
reciprocal tariffs. Mr. Webster admitted in the
United States Senate that there will be forty mil
lions more TO be sent 10 Europe, and forty NIL
lions TO pay for it 10 be brought back; and ESQ,
here is The vast field opened for commerce and
ship-buildipg; and is that nothing in the estimate
of national wealth and national prosperity
The summing up is just this. The censu
gives 19l 500 manufacturers in the u StaIes.-
They cry out agains, The new Tariff, though it
still protects them nearly fifty per cent. But
there are $780, 600 farmers, and l96,6OO persons
engaged in commerce; and now shall these be
over taxed for The smallest class as under the old
tariff, or shall they have The profits OF the free
commerce which will go 10 enrich them and still
leave the manufacturer we'll enough of under
the new Tariff Boston Posi-.