Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-07-28

from the anliouaied shackles imposed upon the
energies OF mankind during The dark ages. Al
ready we have both facts and arguments 10 sus-
tain the policy OF free trade, and 10 show that
there is wise and just rate al which revenue
duties should be imposed, that Will De most aus
picious for all The great interests OF the country
and al lhe same time secure ample revenue Tor
The Government. As illustrative OF this point
and as | have just been aludns 10 The policy
being carried out in Great Britain, permit me 10
invite the attention Of the COMMITTEE TO the fol-
lowing extract from speech ii MT. Gonlhurn
in Parliament, contained in The Political Eco
nomis" oil May 80, 1916, and published in Lon
dom
"ar. Goulburn then passed 10 general review or
summing up OF the experience o. ne county "n ~ 'iie
which had been introduced since lei2. In
lei2, duties reduced or REPEALED on IRE hhnGIto
and articles; in lsi3 on seren artlces IN 1914
on fur articles aud IN si5, t1enfyons articles were re-
ducrd and four hundred aud forty esht articles iie
duties repealed. In the present year. Tie inra'
sures which have already passed the House 81 lom
reduce the duties h"Gartd una fndre arr
cie., and repeal the duties on fyjour articles 10 the
wnui- p.si.d in The nv" sessions DC einnns
with 1879, and ending with ilr Presrn-ihe duties on
hundred and rentgScr'n articles have been re-
duced and those ire hundred and articles nave
brrn entirely rrprardacles, too, winch nave ncar-
~ all, Though 10 lesser aud Others 10 ai'tef
degree, affected The condition az ne great MASSES oil The
people, ~ their food luhn., or III the supply
OF ttos. great ap.r arilccs ri raw material winch arc
essential Ia The manufactures, aLd consequently ~
the industry OF tir county.
HEonsdering tar Great reductions thus made ~ tHe
custom, aud rscse duties, ar. 'onihnin was ANXIOUS
10 show that the experiments whirl The ouvrihhehi
had made IN this aud enlightened course oil nBah-
cIa rcslaton, Ivy which and industry had been
much 6en6ited, had nat IN any d,s,fe impaired te ge
neral u Hncnces, or added 10 Tie permanent
debt of the country. On thr contrary The success Z"
these trade experiments had been 50 great, mat
notwithstanding the great reductions, every test Hheh
could be Of The financial condition of the country
showed that II had rather been improved than nnpd"sd.
To this able exposition Of The successful opera
ton OF the iree-trade principles so far as they
have been introduced, il is Unnecessary Tor me 10
add anything in the way Of comment. ne iacts
here SCI forth pay high compliment 10 The WIS,
dom OF those statesmen who sustained anu carried
out such liberal and just alterations in her COM
mercal and financial policy. Shall We turn
deaf ear 10 what IS going Oh around Us no"
that the great platform upon which me advocates
OF protection rallied 10 defend high dulies, has
been swept from under lhem-which was, lhal
foreign nations imposed high duties on our produc-
ion>, and therefore we must Ie,aliale BY imposing
equally high duties upon their Manufactured
goods-shall We lot also abandon This luinous
system2
When we look al governments, we naturally
inquire upon what principles they arc passed
Monarches at best stand upon monopohes, e.
,her achieved tv the sword OF created BY the sane
ton of legal enactment or long continued usage.
Regal governments, then, being supreme, may
undertake 10 control the ator OF The country ds wen
as lis wealth; but democratic and republican Ihs'lS
lutiuns are based upon eqa0tfIshls ana pfi'
There The people govern aud constitute the Wrcr-
cis,, authority. WHY Then, in this case, should
itty direct heir Ggcs,tS end representatives. 70
make laws directing Them how 10 apply HER "a
Dor and capital? i The Sorcrtign 10 AK his 81
rant To direct him ptal 10 dol In FREE America
We scout the idea. Lei kings say TO their aaf'S,
DO this. or 10 no, do that The ireemen OF u me
Iica successfully asserted and maintained thelr
liberty in I776. The democracy now are vindl-
eating the freedom OF labor and enterprise 10 seek
lis own employment and the right Of me People
10 sell where they can get the hshesi prlce anu 10
purchase wherever they can bng on me btS terms
Il was the pride and boast Of our Srca, men
who framed oar Government y have p!ucla in'e'
religious freedom Christianity, in this Coniete-
racy. is uaeammelled by law, ana unawed ny
power. 1ay, sir, lis position j. elevated ana *
panded not only because al the freedom y en-
loys hut because the churches here 7clg or sup
port upon what is termed roiGa!arg principles
While in Europe The churches are supported by
lar, or rely upon the compulsory principle. Our
churches depend for support upon whatever cach
person think, proper, OF has orr acfofd, 10 gre
and no church here has precedence over another.
and the pcopc are required by lalc u pay 50 much
10 support The estaJi,saed church, whether Ihey
belong 10 that church on not. Atcr paving his
church rates oriiheS, hen, il MOI member VI The
w0tclf.d church. wis he has to support his own
church by VOLUNTARY contributions. In ms
country We ALL pfeis7 freedom 81 religion anu ihe
VOLUNTARY principle OF sUProRri:,c churcnes--
Then, why cannot The labor AMI Industry u tne
country be trusted to The sam: VOLUNTARY pfihci-
(, 81 lr,f, M
because you think more u Your BODIES nan you
do OF your sous?
A wise people ADAPT their pursuits 10 The
circumstances OF their country. We have
vast and extensive terrory-one greatly supe'
rior 10 that possessed by any other nation on
the globe for agricultural purposes. Our bonnda-
ries are from ocean 10 ocean. Within we have
large inland seas and mighty rivers. Superad-
ded 10 these advantages, we boast Of possessing
The best and ireeSL government IN Inc void
Our people are worthy OF their destiny, and are
commensurate 10 any undertaking. we nave
hundreds Of millions OF acres Of pubic lands nov
unsettled, and even the obi States are moi very
dtnsely populated. Every man in this country
can, il lie think proper loI mere piItance, he
come 4 andholder But how is il abIoad!-
What is the condition OF manufacturing Eurore
in This rcspectl In answer 10 this, must be al.
lowed 10 cite few passages from late work by
Micaalet.
In his late work, "The People" he observes
that she land OF France belongs Ia illtcen or TWEEN
" millions of p.asantS rho eua,ratc ~ the land Of
England, ~ an a5tstocfdcy OF ihIrty.iwo M0HsHad
individuals, who ret il cultivated"
This paragraph should he known 10 frcrg man
in America 'INc iaad IN England ieLonsS II
IA, uriaociacy .; htny.ftro thousand, rao e't
cuU,rated." This is The condition o! tie ei"aics.
manufacturing country unaer the sun. 1hIs :
the country where a.rJc;afalc has been mo>i *.
tfavacantly gro.clicA. THIS i the county "h"ir
The p.apc ;.!c ~. andholGets-who>s exploded
doctrine Of pr0fcetiaa we are 10 cherish anu s!i,-
tain. This is tue country possessing more CAPT
ial and population within her imlis than She can
furnish with snail farms, or supper, ~ a1ncul-
ture, thatwe are 10 initiate IN cnaar,rs dna de-
oyod.sr our people 10 enable our manufacturing
copiiatists To sell their goods as cheap as shsy do
in Great Britain. Thir.y.t~o Thousand driNocf".
nc landholdeis in England op2,sed The late Tcp AZ
OF The corn-law. Perhaps about as many veal
Inv manufacturing aristocras IN TINS country oP'
nose the reduction Of the tariff. In 5olh countries
The contest is between capital and labor. ne
Democracy cannot, and do mol, hesitate which OF
the two 10 support, and IN SUSTAINING 'he .neie'
cf man against The exaclicns Vi 'iie :tnslinS ca
n;,,li>t ~. care not for the lamentations oi 'to.e
wh, have crown tat by what Dad laws uhi"S's
c,au,ca to thsm II i enough Tor them 70 ehJ's
what ihey nave already .aIsed, ana IN recncio2
the tariff we want Inc PEOPLE 10 ENJOY Tie Full
rewards Of their Oirn labor.
Permit me 10 cite lev more passages IRON
Inc sa me author lie observes, in speaking Of
France that an 1872 an excellent lie o observe sss
mo The land 81 plrIpED" In 1898, the Able &c
S., s.. Pierre observes, tina! in France THE WORK.
ySG Class HAVE Almost ALL GARDEN AND SOME
sra,, or vtygy,gpoa 4 FIELD" la another place,
when ,reating OF the almost indomahe desire
amonssi The French people to acquire land, be
remarks, hat For few feet Of vineyard ne
Bursundian woman 'aSrs her bosom from ), mr. E,
wcanins her own before its Lane" Thou maJsi
i've s NAYS die" says the ahsr; "bat il thou
yes ny aoa VIII haze sns s1a .av / nj qh ink
49,, ha,n,a Won nronounce il. Thou wilt have
l hn,i' That mcans, "Thou wilt NOT be anInk.
, Nc, today, discharged tomorrow Thou
wilt not have to SLAVE for Thy daily Bread but
'"9. ao anec;ran hear such sentiments as