davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The voice of freedom. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1839-1848, 1846-03-26

CLERICAL JoKE.-A correspondent OF
cotemporary says. that the origin ef a
difficulty which resulted at last in the dis
mssal Of clergyman in the neighboriug
town, can be traced TO very trivial affair
which is as follows: AT meeting of the
church the pastor gave out the hymn com
mencing with q love 10 steal awhile
awav," when the choris,er commenced
singing, but owing TO some difficulty in
recollecting the tune, could proceed
no farther than 81 lore to Seal," which
he did three or four times successfully,
when the clergyman in order 10 relieve
him from the dilemma, waggishly re-
marked, that it was "very mach TO be re-
GREETED" and added, "let as. pray."
The voice of freedom. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1839-1848, 1846-03-26

MURDER IN NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.
Rogers, of Hartand, was stabbed in his
own house. on Friday afternoon last, by
Andrew Rogers, an freshman, and cied of
the wound on Sunday. The Irishman
had been on spree for several DAYS, and
was just drunk enough to be brutal. The
affair was occasiOned, we understand, BY
an abandoned woman, whom the Irish
man supposed to be a, the house; and the
wound was given during a struggle-the
Irishman having been ordered away and
refusing 10 GO. He has been arrested and
lodged in jail. - VI. Chronicle 18Th.
The voice of freedom. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1839-1848, 1846-03-26

THOMAS F. MARSHALL. A repor! has
been going the rounds of The papers 20 tho
effect, that we had shot Mr. Marshall in a
duel. Our friends are aware, whilst we
are ever ready 10 defend our legal and
natural rights, by all the power that God
has given US, that we have abandoned lha.
blOody child of barbarism, and ;Slacerg,
the duel. We trust tina. we are as maes
unanimous oyer a fallen foe, as we are
ready 10 resist a powerful one-and Mr.
Marshall's misfortunes have stripped US
Of what resentment we felt we had RICH,
to indulge towards him, for his unreent-
ing persecution Of US ia our hour of pros
tration and weakness,
And were ii otherwise, feeling ourselves
deeply wrouged, we had but to sit still as
we were compelled to, and see those aw-
ful and startling denuncialions of Scrip
ture. Vengeance is mine and | will re.
pay" and such like phrases, literally fll.
filled!
Not one year has passed since the mob
OF the lSh, and yet we have lived to see
some OF It's most prominent advocates
drinking the bitter cup which they would
have thrust upon u.s. Some have been
publicly disgraced-some have suffered
the loss OF friends and family some have
been reduced 10 poveny--some have gone
TO that bourne whence no traveller returns;
and some are now walking about among
men. in the full tide of reason aud strength,
with the horrid image of inevitable death
before their eyes daily, with baggard
countenances, showing their conscienceS
are bloody wllhlhe crime of proposed mur-
der!-Ilving over the four days ard more,
which they inflicted on supposed dying
man However much we attempt to dis.
pei The idea ofG Special Prorideace, whe1
men see these things, reflection will seize
on the mind-remorse upon the soul
and we venture 10 say, that not one Of all
those triumphant thousands, who in Au-
gust perpetrated the foulest crime known
among men, will pass away, without Bit
terly regret,ing that day-for as we lore
Iold it shall "BE Accused" And
when any ofihose evils arise, TO which
oil men are liable in the course of nature,
they shall then remember, and ws thalbe
auerged - Ciays True Amer,
The voice of freedom. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1839-1848, 1846-03-26

covering the period from March /, 10 Au-
gust Disseminating one term of the
county court for each of the counties in
the State, it appeared Ina, the whole num-
/ Der of new actions for one term of all the
county courts was 2484, on which the
clerks received for entering fees at 7 cts.
each $422, 28, and from the State treasury
for making dockets, or for transferring old
actions and entering new ones, on new
dockets S846,35, in all Sl26863, for one
term. 1t has been doubted whether this
allowance does not exceed the proportion
of fees established by law, even if just
construction of the law would entertain
such claim at all.
We here say, and wish it may be re-
nembered, that we have no wish 10 advo-
lcate, by construction or otherwise, an il
liberal compensation, for the services Of
any officers ofthe government. We sup
pose the law has furnished the Just and
Bght compensation, and our inquiry is,
what is that compensation, when the ser>
vice is measured by the Procrus,ean rule
of the lava To return then, 10 The sub
ject of transcribing old actions 10 new
dockets, what does the law allow for that
service? The law has made no provision
for such service, excepting {" for all oth~
er services, &c. such sum as the court
shall allow" and " such sum as shall
be in proportion to the fees established by
law" When we notice, that the law has
allowed the clerk s 90 per day for attend
ing court, and a specific fee for almost ev-
cry assigned service done by him in court.
it may be urged with some show OF rea.
son, that the 8 cents allowed for writing
the word continued, on the county court
decker, and Is cents for the same service
in the Supreme court, was designed 10
cover the expense of transferring the ac-
tons TO another docket, and noting the fact
of continuance on the record.
the same may be said of all the orders
made In relation to the action the fee was
not probably given for entering the order
on the docket, but was designed to cover
all the subsequent services OF making the
docket and The record. II this be. the
proper construction 10 be given 10 the act,
then the discretionary allowance for max
ing the dockets or copying the OLD and
new entries on to the docke:s. is so much
beyond the provisions of the statute. But
admitting that these services are no., in
contemplation of the law, remuneraled by
fees already paid, the question is presents
ed, what shall be the rule of compensa>
ton The ac! Of 1889, chap. 9TH, sec.
63i. requires the clerk to furnish copies OIL
dockets for each Of the judges &c aud sec
9Th chap. 10Y. restricts the compensation
for copies to cts. for every 100 records
Most mani(eslly then, the statute has lin
tied The compensation if any by law can
be allowed, TO 7 cts. for every 90 records;
but ia some cases more than 70 cts. for
100 words has been received for their ser
vices.
| O.her disclosures made under the ope-
ration OF the act of l842, will be reserved
for another number
DAVID PIERCE.
The voice of freedom. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1839-1848, 1846-03-26
v. b. PALMER'S

ADVERTISING AGENCY OFFICES.
PARLIAMENTARY. W. corner Third and Ches-
nut streets.
New YoRK-Tribune Buildings, opposite City
Hall.
BALrIMoaE-S. E. corner Baltimore and Cal.
vert streets.
BosroN-No 20 State street.
P.S. V.B. Palmer is authorised to
procure advertisements for the Voice Of
Freedom and forward the pay.
The voice of freedom. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1839-1848, 1846-03-26
VWIU1s (0l9 [slGLRlalDWA
SATURDAY, MARCH 81, 1916.
Tor the Voice Of Freedom.

OF TIC fOlC6 Ol fTeeUOWs
To Ministers of Jesus Christ I'm Great Brit-
ain and the United States.
Reverend GENTLEMEN: He that
dwelIe,h in love, dwelelh in God, and
God in him." This is the great constiu>
.ional fact Of Christianity. And God is
one, and he is love; and all who dwell In
him, must dwell together in unity, though
locally divided by seas and oceans AS
neither the length or breadth of the uni
verse, nor height, nor depth, nor prlncl-
poli.ies, nor powers, nor things present,
nor things to come, can inter'ect or dilute
,h- unity OF the God Of love, so neither Of
,'..ar hinge, no. all of them, can separate
.ue Chris.ipDs from the love Of God
The voice of freedom. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1839-1848, 1846-03-26
g @ IS e & * "a
From Dickens Daily News

From Dickens Daily News
WAIT A LITTLE LONGER'
There's good time coming, boys,
A good lime coming:
We may not live to see the day,
But earth shall glisten in the ray
Oflhe good time coming.
Cannon balls may aid the truth,
But thoughts weapon stronger;
Well win our battle by its aid;
Wait q lille longer.
There's good lime coming, boys,
A good time coming;
The pen shall supersede the sword
And right, not might, shall be the lord,
In the good time coming,
Worth, not birth, shall rule mankind,
And be acknowledged stronger;
The proper irnpulse has been giyeni
Wait a lille longer.
There's good time coming, boys,
A good time coming;
War in all mems eyes shall be
A. monster of iniqulty,
In the good time coming.
Nations shall not quarrel then,
To prove which is the stronger!
Nor slaughter men for glory's sake;
Wait q lille longer.
There's good time coming, boys,
A good time coming;
Hateful rivaIrips Of creed
Shall not make their martyrs bleed
In the good time coming.
Religion shall be shorn of pride,
And flourish all the stronger
And charity shall Trim her lamp
Wait a lille longer.
There's a good coming, boys,
A good time coming;
And poor mans family
Shall not be in misery,
In the good time coming.
Every child shall be a help,
To make his right arm stronger;
The happier he, the more he has -
EFaii a little longer.
There's good time coming, boys,
A good time coming;
Liltle children shall not toll
Under, or above the soil,
In the good time coming.
But shall play in heallhtul fields,
Till limbs and mind grow stronger
And every one shall read and write )
Wait q httIe longer.
There's good time coming, boys,
A good lime coming;
The people shall be temperate,
And shall love instead Of bate,
In the good lime coming.
They shall use, and not abuse,
And make all virtue stronger
The reformation has begunj
Wdn lille longer.
There's good time coming, boys,
A good time coming;
Let US aid it all we can,
Every woman. everv man,
The good time coming.
Smallest helps, if rightly given,
Make the impulse stronger;
IT will be strong enough one day -
Wait lille longer.
The voice of freedom. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1839-1848, 1846-03-26

A NOBLE BEoUEsT. John A. Lowell,
Esq. on Saturday, made liberal dona.
ton of One thousand dollars 10 the Mas
sachuseus Horticultural Society, to be
awarded in premiums, al the discretion Of
the Society," Boston transcript.
The voice of freedom. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1839-1848, 1846-03-26

GOODNESS. President Weber, of Cam.
bridge College, when sailing one day
with company for pleasure, accidentally
fell overheard. Afer sinking pretty deep.
he at length came up. and raising his
head above the SUFFICE of the water, he
graveIy observed, ut is expected, gentle
men, that you will hand me rope!''
The voice of freedom. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1839-1848, 1846-03-26
VOICE OF FREEDOM.
TERMS,

Z II MOI
One Dollar and twenty-6 cents Cash Gndstrfct-
~ in GdcGnce.
One Dollar and fifty cents within four months.
One Dollar and seventy-fve cents after four, and
within eight months ; and Two Dollars after e ght
months and within the yearfrom the commence nent
ofsubscription.
Such pay as Messrs Waltons Of Montpelier, or
Solomon Parker of MiddIebury will take in pay
ment for paper. and give their receipts, will be re-
Gsved. Also, most kinds ofproduce al cash value
paid to the subscriber.
AGENTS will be allowed 25 cents on each sub.
ssriber they obtain and forward the pay for year.
20 Each responsible subscriber is authorised to
act agent in obtaining subscriptions.
TERMS OF ADVERTISING.
square weeks $1,00 l square year IS 90
2 squares weeks rs 2 squares year SO
squares weeks 9 50 3 squares year II 90
4 50 uares weeks 8 IS 4 squares year IA 90
squares weeks 100 squares year l6 W
Legal advertising to be charged at legal rates.
j. HoLCoMB.
American Republican and Baltimore daily clipper. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1844-1846, 1846-12-25
TIE NEWSPAHER.

tAla -NiHN' - ~ I'm
Who meets us in the morning
As soon's we Ope the door,
What's twisted round the handle,
Or lying on the floor.
The Paper
And when our toll is over,
And comes the lonely night,
Who drives the weary hours away
And fills us with delight.
The Paper,
Who tells what's done in Congress-,
And of their great debates,
Who speaks about the Yankee tricks,
And Of the market rates.
The Paper!
Who talks about our rivers,
As how they've lately risen,
Of ships gone out of pOrt,
And rogues that's sent TO prison.
... The Paper!
Who publisheth the bans abroad
on many lovely pair,
Who talks of street Improvements
And what they lately were.
H.. The Paper!
Who speaks about our Yankees
The Mexicans who fight,
VINO tells Of all their movements,
And argues who is right,
What 10 il that loafers read,
And read it every day,
When sitting in the bar room,
And meier the Printer pay.
The Paper
American Republican and Baltimore daily clipper. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1844-1846, 1846-12-25

LATER FROM Rio JANEIRO. Adviccs from
Rio Janeiro to the 2slh Of October, have been
received at New Orleans, The U. S. frigate
Saratoga, bound to California, put back to Rio,
in distress on the 2stb, having shipped IA heavy
sea in gale ofwind off Cape Horn, in which
she lost all her quarter boats, split sails, dam
aged spars and started her deck and stern frame,
The U. S. ship Independence was to sail from
Rio on the 3oth, destination unknown. Capt.
Smith, Of the bark Kennebec, fell dead on the
deck ofhis vessel, in that port, on the 2sth,
while conversng with his wife.
American Republican and Baltimore daily clipper. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1844-1846, 1846-12-25

(SUCcEssoR TO DR.. fiITZELBRRsER1
Challenges HE world to produce 4 cure mOte certain
sltedy and permanent than he now offers To the
afflicted His recent extensive medical tnur Inns mn
INN in possession Of the grand scientific secret of
not only eradicatine the lurking poison Of veneria
venom nut OF restoring the shattered constitution 10
It's prisline vigoE Dr. II. confidently assures the
victims OF vent real disease that he can IN an IN
hlalItta snort space of time, the patien 10
perfect health without resortne TO the nauseOus and
Sfngs too often administered by quacks.
lMFGTENCY, from Whatever cause arising and
It's sources are various, Dr. II, edges himself to re-
move permanently end effectuay, restoring 10 their
iuii VigOr the VHne powers. Those addicted To the
sohary vice, or who may he suffering from former
a prOstratOn Of mental aad rhysica en-
ergies would find it much their interest to apply
either by letter (pOst paid in person TO Dr. in
for honorable secrecy and efficient aid Office hours
from A. VI. TO IL p. M. onIdtC
American Republican and Baltimore daily clipper. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1844-1846, 1846-12-25

FATAL FRAtAs. A fracas ola serious ma
ture took place few days since at Ravens
wood, Queens county, U.I) between two
parties of men, one numbering 10, the other
only 8, in relation to the ownership Of stone
quarry; the latter were assaulted aud beaten SO
terribly that one ofthem named Ross Kerney
is said to have died of the wounds; while All
other named John Shondon is dangerously hurt,
and the third much injured. The ASSISTANTS
have been pursuedto New York city, and sew
eral of them arrested.
American Republican and Baltimore daily clipper. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1844-1846, 1846-12-25
SOOTHES, HEALS, and PERFECTLY SIZE
L EAkIAM VT "a IL l..


TO HEADS OF FAMILIES AND DELICATE
FEMALES, having the Won Disease aad gravel,
severe CGdgn, first stages Of Consumpliou Uysprp-
ala Cosiiveness, Piles, CEOliCs, Eh"Galcs. severe
Agnes, sple or Picur.sy, IN purltCs Of the Eioud,
Worms, habitual Head ache SC,
Also, his MIX URES for Group and Spa ms hv
worms; saves 2 CAild'y life 10 five minutes. Sc Fe.
mates, treated for drapsy nf years have been guev-
ct of huge worm and restored to health by but one
bottle OF my No. l. 10 remove deiicacy, MIR. De
lahey viii receive personally scalg d NOTES ana N re
Turn VIII give L statement, with honest certificate
No. of address, sc. p. ). do hereby guarantee
the cure Of the Whole o. This card. socuuty g.veu
any merchants office in this city, sealed ny the
Huthor, endorsed by the County Count, MAYOR and
3 Magistrates, with letters ana references TGEl the
highest Testimonials.
Its character for curing The Yellow Fever Ia No
bile, established by Capt Robinson, No 50 Thapes
street, signed and wine ,sed by Col, ", Brewer,
lagistIa els no less than my bottle No !. curing
Inc most danLerous Cholera Gnfantum, naIIl pa and
Fiux. So much so, guarantee tn worst OF Cho-
Iera. These are honest facts that have been rIb
shed, signed by Capt VIA. c. Wright, OF schr Al
lrgany; Capt Tuner, Mr.. Wa. Montgomery, tord
lo@n.) 95- satisfaction.
guarantee q sWori Ger. Ihcatg for hgucs Sc. for
every day IN tho year, s,atd by IKE Mayor and
CoHnty Court seal
Reference to Mr., James Johnston; Omda # & Co,
Mcs>rs. Mills & Co and mr.. Guvdr, Esq Nor
chants. John C.. Holland, esq, CAV street, ID Con
nan, Marsh Markrt space. u. Community 4 larsc
Gs- Indian Ees"'abl, 80 l fdlHr.a ans q seuna
pc EI''ac, Solution, Elmt tg., llrr ,uIl.,frf H.,
: Clu.e,j and Worm uts1'H p. l,r ya'v i, ne ID.
iLnt, hHBttf EIANEE.
i*1 IN Nc % Lombard street, halJR.cie,
American Republican and Baltimore daily clipper. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1844-1846, 1846-12-25
TNNHE ONLY REMEDY
IL FOR THE WOMB DISEASE

Nature and Natures Laws, laid hid at night
God said lei Nature and Delaney be, and ALPS righ;
Like Chaos, Wondering, saved now arise,
Justice, justice to honest merit, prize.
When the best of skill pronounced must lose my
life,
By R Deaney's No. and Panacea, IN now mo
Their and wife!
Signed, CATHhRlNE MARIA Quinn,
Endorsed by L.. W. Note Book 80
American Republican and Baltimore daily clipper. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1844-1846, 1846-12-25

Destructive FIRE AT BUFFALO, There
was a destructive fire at Buffalo or Wcdnes-
day The large store of Mcesrs e. B. Wal
bridge & Co., Wholesale produce and commits
sion merchants Main street, and the two stores
adjoining have been destroyed by fire. Wal
bridge & Co.'s loss is said to be SI9, 10000
vercd by insurance. The loss OF the others is
put down at Sll Geographically insured. Mr.,
Henry Bishop, bools-keeper to Messrs. Wal
bridge & Co., is missing, and it is generally
feared that he has persisted in the flames.
American Republican and Baltimore daily clipper. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1844-1846, 1846-12-25

NOMINATIONS CcNy,aMEp. Tho pomina-
tions d ,.if. Blnc,o'l, as Minister to England,
and Of bir. Clifford, as Attorney General, were
confirmed by she U. S, Senate on Tuesday.
American Republican and Baltimore daily clipper. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1844-1846, 1846-12-25
PRICE ONE CENT


BALTlMURE LUCh HOSPITAL,
AEI III Err r. may be obtained the most spee4r
w remedy for G1nouhe, elects, trictures, Sc
mlnai Weakness, pain in the Loins, affections Of the
Kidneys; also those pee uliar affections which arise
from certain practice Of youth, and which, if nss
cured renders marriage impossible, and in the ens
destroys both mind and body This remedy will afs
cure lmpoteucy, aud every symptom of
SECRET DISEASE.
CURE WARRANTED, OR no CHARGE MARH
IN FROM ONE TO TWO DAYS.
Office No. | NORTH FREDERICK STREET
OF the right hand side going from BatnCTe est. 2ns
door from the coner-right opposite he Pc ce ohics
Be particular in observing The name ont ! e dosy
and VI ind ~ ,,ou mi mis- he hp nlac
American Republican and Baltimore daily clipper. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1844-1846, 1846-12-25

New YoRK EXPENSES At a meeting of
the Board of Aldermen in New York on Mon
day evening, the Comptroller presented his an
nual estimate of receipts and expenses, and
asked Gor immediate use during January and
February; the sum Of Sl,lS0,0O0, to meet
bonds and interests due, and contingent ex-
penses. He asks, among other items for the
year S297 900, for the almshouse; $40, 900 for
county contingencies; Sl35, 900 for cleaning
streets; Sl7l ,424 for lighting cIly and $479,-
600 for police, besides 100000 for salaries.
. The total amount to be raised by tax is ST.
1872, 624, for city expenditures, and 5000, 1888,
making grand total to be raised by tax of
S2,345,624 for the payment of interest on city
stocks He estimates the receipts from water
rents at S225, 900, and $3.50 600 for rents of
real estate.
American Republican and Baltimore daily clipper. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1844-1846, 1846-12-25
RSALTRNOHE LCCB gNFIgMAKY.
Up no. 10 &. PRATT STREET,
DOCTOD TYARRyS

~ seven dOCrs eaSt 0f he Bridge
inc Oldest institution in Baltimore for the cure
American Republican and Baltimore daily clipper. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1844-1846, 1846-12-25

SEGARs. The Rochester Advertiser says
that 4,962, 500 scgars are annually made in
the factories Of that city. Estimating them
worth two cents apiece, tho value would be
$90,2j6. t....
American Republican and Baltimore daily clipper. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1844-1846, 1846-12-25

SUDDEN DEATH OF A JUDGE. The Harris
burg Telegraph states that OIL Wednesday
morning the Hon. Wan. MCLEAN, former As
sociate Judge oil Adams county, but of late
years a Clerk in the Office of the Auditor Gen
cral, while engaged in purchasing marketing,
suddenly dropped down, and was taken into
the Washington Hotel, where he soon o. ,i;od
without exhibiting any signs of consciousness.
No pulse could be discovered after he fell,
American Republican and Baltimore daily clipper. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1844-1846, 1846-12-25

EMIGRATION TO THE UNITED STATES. Six
month ago, 1000 tailors were out of employ in
London. They had a meeting and the tailor S
societies agreed to assist all who would 90 to
America. To effect this, passage ticket to
America was furnished for e. los, which cost
the companies Is los. A largo portion Of
these tailors have already reached this country.
BY the last steamer we received information
that 5000 stone cutters are out of employment
in England. These knights of the hammer
will be here in April. Ia addition, it is believ-
ed, that 200, 900 emigrauts will leave Ireland
next spring and summer for the u. States
Preparations are making on a large scale to as.
sst all who wish TO leave the Emerald lslo.
American Republican and Baltimore daily clipper. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1844-1846, 1846-12-25

FIRE IN PHILADELPHIA, A fire broke out
in a large store house on Market ST., Phrladel-
pha, on Wednesday morning, which did con
siderable damage The Philadelphia Sun
says:
The part of the building in which the fire
was first discovered was occupied by Mcssrs.
Lindsay & Blackiston, book binders-the rooms
Immediately beneath by Messrs Lea & BIanch-
ard book publishers; and the lower stories by
Thomas, Compartment & Co., also book pub
lshers. 1t was confined entirely to the part
Of the building in which il originated, and de-
siroyed much valuable machinery, besides a
great number Of costly books, both bound and
in sheets. Among the latter is the entire ed-
ton Of work upon which so much labor and
money has been expendcd--the United States
Exploring Expedition. The loss Of Messrs.
Lea & Blanchard, and Thomas, Compartment
x CO., is considerable-the result of damage to
their property bv water. The insurance upon
the whole is sufficient to cover the loss.
American Republican and Baltimore daily clipper. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1844-1846, 1846-12-25


MORTALITY ON SHIrBoARD. The ship Lii
gona, from Bremen, arrived at New York on
Tuesday, after passage Of ll3 days. She
started with 3l2 passengers, of whom 81 died
OH the passage. The Pontiac also arrived, IS
days from Liverpool; during the passage there
were l9 deaths on board, and the captain was
obliged TO navigate the vessel nearly the whole
passage with only six men.
TREATY WITH THE ZoLLvEREN. The Cour-
Ter des Rtats Unis, states that the Prussian
Minister TO the United States, the Baron Ger
vet, returned in the Cambria. This gentleman
is said to be charged with mission whose OBJ
ject is renewal of the treaty between the U.
States and the Zolvercin. This proposition
acquires double importance at this juncture, in
consequence ofthe expected rupture of the troa-
ty Between England and the German CONNER
cial Union.
BY virtue Of the existing monopoly England
has the exclusive right to import into tbs Zoll.
yerein sugar and rice, and the consequence OF
the rupture would be the formation Of advun-
tageous treaties with the free cities, Holland
and America.