State journal & flag., 1846-10-09

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Let A. in the annexed diagram be the
upper extremity of the long arm of siphon,
and b. that of the short arm. Let ID. be
The air chamber of the ram, and +. its valve,
opening upward. The choke. valve is at
E. The arm Il. passes quite into The air.
fight vessel G. and A. connects with the
same vessel at The bottom. The water is
delivered through the pipe which is to be
carried up, if forcing to higher point is
desired; but otherwise may bend immedi
ately downward. III. is an opening closed
alright by n screw with leather collar.
Through this opening the sphon is TO be fill
ed, the lower orifces being closed. As the
mouth of B. may not in all cases be access
sible Gas when immersed in n well) it NAV
be furnished with valve opening inward
which, as the water is poured in, will close
of itself. A small quantity of air is to be
left in the top of G. and The screw is then
TO be made quite tight. Let the mouth Of
A. be now opened, that ofB. will open spon.
taneously, and the machine will Immediately
begin to work. At first the surface Of the
water in C. will descend, and the nclosed
air will be rarefied. When its elastic force,
and the downward pressure of the column
Is. together, become less than the Amos
pheric pressure on the fountain, the column
b. will ascend and pour into C. The valve,
& will presently close, and F. will open.
when rush Of water will occur into d.
In the mean time, A. will continue to flow,
increasing the rarelacon in G but this
will presently be diminished again, by the
influx through the valve, L.
The quantity of air to be left in C. will
be dependent on the difference of level be.
tween c. and the dscharging orilicc of A.
1t must be rarifcd till its elastic force inst
suifices to supply what the column A. wants
of balancing the atmospheric pressure.
Thus, if this difference of level be twenty
two feet, one quarter of the capacity of C.
may at first be occupied by the air. The
water will then fall, when the machine is
in action, till the air is expanded to three
times its original bulk and will leave G.
about one qnarier full of water. II G. be
more than thirty four feet above the dis
charging orifce, no air at all should be left
in it. The machine will work best with a
perfect vacuum. In this case, A. should be
opened under water, but when the contained
column ceases TO oscillate, it will work Sc.
curely enough if bent little upward. 1t
is essential that A. should, in all cases, be
of sufficient caibre, to discharge the water
as fast as it can be supplied through T.; 9th.
erwse the machine will not exhibit all its
power, aud may cease TO act.
Ii follows Of course, that it is useless 10
place the discharging orifcc more than
thirty four fee, below G.. and tina, the foun.
tain can never be so low as this.
A ram of this kind may be compared as
to driving force, with Montgolfer's, by OBJ
serving that the difference Of level between
the fountain and the point of discharge cor.
responds 10 the working head of the com.
mon machine. should suppose that this
difference ought to be at least six feet, though
possibly less would answer very well. But
with such difference, water might be raj.
sed abundantlv from well twenty. five feet
deep. and forced higher still. The amount
delivered may be more than one half, per.
haps two,,hirds of that raised.
As to the dimensions to be given to the
several parts, for an ordinary spring or we'll
the chambers C. and D. need not be large.
A cube Of six or eight inches. or any other
vessel of equivalent diversions, would prob
ably suffice for either. 1t is needless to
| say that they may be so connected, as to
present the exterior Of but one vessel. The
remark is perhaps, equally needles, that no
harm can arise from making them larger
Than the strict exgency of the case may re.
quire. The chamber. d. ough, certainly 10
De enlarged, if forcing to any great he ght
is attempted. For the tube B. Mr., Ellsworth
employs an inch bore, and this is doubtless
sufficient for the purpose under consideration
| G. may be Considerably smaller, curves
in B, should be slight or rather gradual if
any. This arm may be vertical or inclin.
ed. The force of action Of the contained
columns will increase within certain limits,
with the increased length which inclination
will give it. AS to the tube A. il may be
lance, wherever may be found convent.
ent point of discharge. If very long lar.
ger bore will be desirable than if short.
Air, from the water, may accumulate
in the chamber C. To remedy this, A. may
be closed by means Of a stop. cock placed
near the top as at K. This will o5vi tie
the inconveniency of going TO the poin. of
discharge for the same purpose. B. will
close Of itself by means of the valve at its
mouth. More water may then be intro
duced through H. when X. may be opened
again.
Air may be absorbed by the water and
carried out of the chamber D., especially if
forcing is attempted. Mongolfier remeded
this evil in his ram by a little valve at L.
opening inward. On the recoil of the wa
Ter after eoch conclusion bubble of air en-,
tered here which afterwards passed up into
ID. This would moi be allowable in sv-
phon.. | am Of opinion chat screw like H.
placed ct L. and not forced quite hard up,