The New era. [volume] ([Portsmouth, Va.]) 1845-1847, 1846-12-22

adopted as regards all the public lands. Il would
increase FOR many years the revenue ON that
source. as proved by the data presented in the table
before referred to, several millions Of dolla,a per
annum.
II is believed that the sales, at the prices 70.
duced and graduated should be confined To limited
quantities, sold only far settlement aud cultivation
In this manner. whilst the aggregate wealth or the
nation and revenue of the government are rapidly
augmented, the wages of labor must he enhanced.
by a%tf"rding To our working Glasses and the indus.
trious poor certain means. whenever a redu"tion of
their wages shall be proposed. Of pu rchasing homes
inr themselves and families, at the reduced rates
To he established, in relation TO the public lands.
by the graduation bill.
So'ne augmentation of the revenue might bo
produced by removing several onerous restrictions
In the pre- emption law. and especially by extend.
'g IT'S just and salutaIv provisions TO the un.
surveyed lands In which the Indian title has been
extinguished. BY re,urus from the General Land
Otiice up 10 the lst of November last, il appears
that whilst the surveyed lands not yet offered At
public sale. To which tho presumption principle
now extends. amounted to 1865 AL acres, The
uuSurveyed, To which the Indian title has been
ex,ingniShed amounted To % .060 ,572 acres ; the
opening of which to pre- cmp,iuns cJnld not fail Il,
augment the revenue. II would carry thousand,
at settlers upon these lands, in advance of the
surveys as well as the sales, who would desire IN
purchase the farms occupied by them. the exist.
ence ct which would give increased value 10 the
remaining lands. AID largely augment the pro.
ceeds of the sales. Whilst the measure would
thus increase the revenue, it would secure homes
To those enterprising and patriotic settlers who
nave In advance into the wilderness. EXTENDING
The blessings ct civilization, diifusing the influence
and advancing the progres of republican princi.
pies, and soon adding State after Stale to the
American Union.
No nconsiderahle addition could also be mada
To the revenue by authorizing the sale of that ppr-
ton OF the public lands containing copper and
other ores. whilst the measure would more rand.
ly develop the resources of this valuable region.
and at the same time convert into owners and
proprle'Ors those who now occupy the relation of
tenants to the federal government as a landlord.
IL Congress. at an early period Of the present
session. would impose the proposed dniy on lea
and coffee, reduce and graduate The price of the
public lands in favor of settlers and cultiva,ors
extend the prescription system to the unsurveyed
lands to which the Indian title has been exiin.
gnished. aud authorize the sale Of that portion of
the public lands containing copper and other valu.
able ores, the loan might safely be reduced from
twenty-three to seventeen millions of dollars.
Annexed are copies (marked IL of instructions.
issued by this department, To carry into effect the
act of the 9th of August last, ESTABLISHING the
warehouse system. The large majority by which
this law was passed. and the beneficial results
already accomplished. clearly indicate that it
may De regarded as a part of the settled policy of
The country. That it would have been more adj
yantageous if there had been no limit to the lime
for retaining goods in the warehouse. is the belief
ut this department; but the measure having been
adopted in lis present form as "A compromise Of
confllctlng opinions, no recommendation is sub.
mi'ted To disturb that compromise. 1t is believed
that, hereafter. this great measure will vindicate
ITSELF SO clearly by lis results, that amendments
may be obtained by very general consent al a
future period. Both as a means of augmeniinp
revenue. and of increasing the commerce and
prosperity OF the country, it is a most important
measure. Under its beneficial influence. onr own
great commercial cities will soon rival. and ulti-
mateIy surPass, the largest marts of European
commerce, augmenting most rapidly the wealth
and business OF the whole country. Important as
u is 10 agriculture, commerce.. and navigation,
manufactures also will derive from il, in a series
OF years, great advantages. The benefits IN aug.
'neh'eh means accruing to those concerned in az
ricnituTe. Commerce. and navigation. arising from
The warehouse bill, will enable them to purchase
more OF onr own manufactures, whilst that in
ierest VIII not be so seriously affected as il has
been by auctions and forced sales of FOREIGN mer-
chandise. Most of these goods, under the ware
h"hse OIL, VIII wait in store for a purchaser. in
stead OF forced sales in our market, because the
goods cannot he warehoused.
As this bill will also render our great CONNER
pSH iIdIlS III assorted CdTUOtS,
where merchants from all the world will eventu-
ally come to seek a supply, our own manufactures
VIII oheh De bought as a part of those assorted
cargoes, by purchasers that never would have been
found IN the absence of such a system.
In Liverpool and its suburbs, the numbe Of
bonded houses is estimated at five hundred
ana IN London and others ports of the British en-
pre-, at many thousands. The immense struc-
iures-sire'ching along their fine docks and nigh.
W basins. a single warehouse often covering many
acres OF ground, and storing throughout the year
assorted cargoes of several hundred millions of
dollas IN value-lnviie 10 these maTts the mer-
chants and m of the world. Indeed, this
is one OF the great means by which England has
bnlIt up her vast commerce and for a long series
Of years, her whole people, wheiher for or against
protection, acknowledged the important benefits
of this system. Here, the advantages would uiii.
mately he still greater; inasmuch as our chief
commercial cities are already nearer than those OF
Europe To the centre of the territory, population,
and Of the world. and are destined at
no distant day to be brought still nearer, when
the waters of the Atlantic and Pacific shall be
united at the Mexican isthmus, which, combined
with our possessions on The Pacific, wonld revO'
lutionlze in our favor the commerce of The world,
and more rapidly advance our greatness, wealth.
ana power, than any event that has occurred since
the adoption Of the constitution.
1t is deemed important that our revenue laws
should he extended to Oregon, not only as a means
OF collecting duties there, but also to defeat any
effort that might he made from Asia, or lsewhere,
to introduce foreign merchandise free of duty into
Oregon. CHOW acknowledged to be a part IF The
Union.) and then claim the right under the con.
%stItutinn TO bring such articles from Oregon, eX-
emPt from duty, into any other part of the Union.
Two collection districts might. perhaps, be CON
venientIy established-the one near the mouth Of
the Oregon river, and the other at or near Pugets
Sound. Win a system Of liberal donations Of
tracts ct land in Oregon, Sufficient for farms, 10
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