The daily union., 1846-06-26

l
ana machinery Is already made, may have that pro-
terest
10 no favor, then, to capitalists, now or at any
Tine oy the encouragement Of discriminating duties,
lnauee him to invest his capital in any branch OF
manufactures. The tariff Of 1912 protects Incl
| dentally railroad iron. | believe this TO be benef-
cal TO the Proprietors of the mines, to the owners
OF The soil where the manufacture is established TO
the farmers, the laborers, To the whole country as
developing our resources, and making us independ-
ent OF foreign manufactures; but do not think any
dement, Is conferred on the capitalists who embark
her wealth IN this branch Of business but that
VIII prove like all other new enterprises, either
Improbable or less profitable than the investment Of
the money at 6 per cent. on mortgage security
nave spoken more at length on this point, be-
cause The outcry ID often made against the capitalists
engaged In the manufacturing business and the Sec
retary OF the Treasury joins in and encourages the
IDLE elamor. IL Is certainly true, that for two years
he proht OF the cotton manufacturers has been large
Out not as large as in Great Britain ITSELF during
the same umei and the result has been, what il al
ways will be, that large number of persons are
now rushing INTO the business and before this Con-
gress shall cease TO eNlE-lf there could be any Sc
eunty that the tariff would be undsturbed-the
number OF cotton splndles in operation would be 50
per cent more than there were year since
Does not everybody know, that with the enterprise
hy Y,
no one branch Of business for any length Of time
exceed IN profits the average Of the profits Of other
orancheS Competition is TO reduce prices and
Prohts. The result is insuiiGbt one, and TO con-
tend the contrary, 10 10 show the grossest ignorance
not only Of the uniform operations Of trade, but Of
The operations OF the human mind, and Of the
uyes which govern il. How absurd then is it TO
contend that the object and effect protection is
mainly TO benefit capitalists, or that such has been
the result In the protection TO manufacturing and
mechanical labor incidentally afforded!
g. And this brings me TO the consideration OF
another part Of this subject-that the lAborng csss-
es IN the country have been greatly benefited, and
the wages OF labor have thereby increased, at the
same time that the expenses Of subsistence have
been diminished. Every one would know before
hand that this must be the result. II by protec-
i've thrii, or any other cause, Increased activity il
gwen TO manufacturing or mechanical business, and
there Is consequently an increased demand for labor
ers, does not every child know that such increased
demand has direct tendency to enhance the price Of
wages and, on the contrary, # by the reduction Of
the tariff or any other cause, the business is render
ed Improbable, that the employer must, as a matter
Of course close his mill his workshop, or reduce
the price paid to the persons employed But the
reckless assertion Of the contrary by the secretary
Is not only unsound in principle, but untrue IN fact
IL Is not true that the wages Of male female labor
have diminished IN consequence Of the protective
a statement from Mr.. Wilkinson, showing the
prices paid by him, taken from his own books
at different periods and the wages flabor of men
higher, and of women much higher, now than before
the introduction Of the manufacturing business
What the effect would otherwise have been Of the
opening OF the fertile W. upon the prices Of the
productions Of the farmers in the old States, and
consequently the wages Of labor any one can form
his own opinion And it is one Of the most sur
prsing and beneficial results Of the introduction Of
manufactures, that market has been afforded in the
nelghbOrhood Of the factories for the products of
the farmer, and the price has remained very nearly
the same for the last forty years. On the other
hand every article Of clothing has declined in price,
that the dollar which is now paid to the laborer
will purchase from thirty to fifty per cent. more Of
all the necessaries of life than in 1916, and Of the
ordinary cotton cloth and calicoes more than three
times as much
These facts are well known to persons residing in
the manufacturing section Of the country and am
sustained by foreigners, and all others who know
anything on the subject, in saying that there is
not on the face Of the globe class Of aborers so
well paid, or who, from their high moral character,
education ntelligepce and industry, deserve to be
well paid as those engaged in the various branch
es Of labor in this country. There are no paupers
among them; they are as a class unusually free from
all forms Of vice; and although those engaging in
the manufacturing business, as have shown, as
yet the monthly and quarterly wages have been
regularly paid, and in most cases when the en-
ployers fail the employed do not lose any portion
Of their wages. You thus thriving, ndustri.
Gus, happy population. The accumulations of labor
in the factory are in the first place, deposited in
savings bank, which are now everywhere to be
found. In The course of a few years the sum has
far accumulated that it is Withdrawn to redeem
the mortgage Of the paterna acres, or TO buy a
small farm, or a workshop, or to purchase some
Of the stock in the company for which the man or
woman is laberer, and thus in their turn become
capitalists. This is not an imaginary picture, but
these very things are daily occurring and perfectly
familiar TO any one residing In manufacturing re-
gion.
The following statetement shows the amount OF
the deposites in the savings banks of Massachusetts,
and the income from year to year:
No ofde- Amt deposited Increase in Increase in
positoS depositorS. amount
deposited.
Ists 1879 s Ss ssss sss S9' 95e ssss
Similar has been the result in nv own State
with the operatives of which am familiar, although
| have not in possession the precise amount OF
deposites number Of depostors.
IL iti said, as it H. that the wages of labor have
diminished since the tariff of lS42 deny the fact
know, personally, from the manufacturing region
from which come, that it is not true. The same
tesutnony is also from Lowell, ana the
same fact exist in every part of the country
Why, sir, there is not girl in one of those mills
who would be guilty Of such folly as to suppose
for moment that when the demand for laborers
is increased, the price Of labor will be there
by diminished, or will not be, on the contrary, in
creased also. Some Of these political philosophers
these closet politicians these wise custom house Of
fcers, and learned secretaries could learn some yery
useful lessons in political economy and common
sense, too, from the women and children in cot
ton mill.
| beg to ask these men, after deductng the very
moderate profit which has been received by the
capitalists, who have received the enormous sums
which have been expended in the erection of mills
and machinery, and the annual prosecution of the
work! 1t is found in the various forms of labor
the brickmaker and brickayer, the carpenter, the
lime-ouner the nailmaker, the painter, the glass.
blower, the stone-mason, the common laborer, the
farmer who raises the food to feed these men, are
first employed; and these, together with the makers
of machinery, the builders of the dam and wa
tcr.wheel, steam engine, receive what is
called the capital paid in and permanently
invested and the laborers in the mills and the grow
er of the raw material, the transporter and other
intermediate iaborers, receive their pay the sum