Litchfield enquirer., 1846-02-05
For the Enquirer.
CHARLES STUART.
BY MISS C. T.. cOWLES.

to regain the throne of his ancestors, has
been gathered from several authentic sour
ces; the principal of which. were, Johnson's
and Chambers History of the rebellion OF
Scotland. The writer has not attempted to
prove the justice or I'M ustice of the cause OF
the Prince, but only to state the facts as
gathered from these sources, connected with
this failure in endeavOring to win the crown
from the House of Hanover. From the &C
cesSion of Robert Stewart to the throne of
Scotland, until the time that the crown was
bestowed upon their German successors, a
cruel fate seems to have attended this royal
but unfortunate family. Their sufferings,
and traglcal adventures, their unrivaled
misfortunes and distress, surpaSs the csea-
tons of fancy, proving truth to be stranger
than fiction Better qualified to lead the
peaceful paths Of private life, than amid the
l'roil of intrigues and animosities, of bitter
and contending factions, to conduct the af-
fairs of state, the unfortunate Charles shared
the destiny of his royal race. James II. af-
ter being driven from the throne in $685.
sought refuge in France, and lived on the
bounty of Louis XVI. He died at St. Ger
mains in 100, leaving son of his own
name, known in history as the Pretender
or chevalier st. George. This individual
made an unsuccessful attempt to regain the
kingly power. He entered Scotland when
he was joined by the Earl OF Mar with 300
of his own vessels, raised an army of 10000
men, but failing in resolution and military
talent the instruction he caused was soon
quelled, and James sought refuge in France.
He married Clementina, grand daughter of
John Sobieski the Hero of Poland. The
| i. rlo rorI Il
is Cassimer. was the son OF Clementina.-
He was born at Rome in 1920, and partook
more of the valor and heroism of his Polish
ancestors than of the weak spirit which
characterized his pusillanimous father. He
was taught to believe the throne of England
by right his own, and Injured himself in We
ry early life to athletic exercises, and the en-
durance of fatigue and toll. That he might
be enabled to suffer the hardships attendant
upon the petilous enterprise he meditated,
he abandoned the enervating pleasures so u
Universal among the youths of1taly and hun
ted on foot over the plains of his native coun-
try. He received from France the strong
est assurances of sympathy and assistance
and having been supplied with the means to
accomplish it, in accordance with the ear
nest solicitations of friends, he FASTENED to
embark in the dangerous attempt; game
he said, in which sthe stakes were throne
or coffin.' He sailed from France on the
Goth of July l745 on the Doutelle of Is guns
accompanied by another vessel of 80 guns
loaded with arms. This latte: encountered
an English cruiser and was obliged to re-
turn, and Charles arrived among the Scot
fish Isles, without arms or troops and with
only 1000 pounds TO aid him in his cause
| al,,ss ~ 81 ella L.,
the highlanders to his family he raised his
standard, and succeeded in attaching some
of the numerous dons to his interest, among
these was Lochiel, the powerful and war
like chief of the CammeronS. By August
he had collected force of 1900 man and the
attention Of the British Government being
now attracted to his conduct and alarmed
for the result, 10000 pounds was offered for
the head Of Charles, and an army of l4OO
men, with Sir John Cope at their head was
sent to quell the instruction. This officer
finding the army of the Prince to equal or
exceed his own, turned back to Inverness,
and Charles with his characteristic prompt
ness led his forces from the highlands to the
defenceless lowlands. Many highlanders
joined his army during his march, and a.
mong these was Lord Murray, a gentleman
whose military ability made him truly de-
si.able acquisition and heswas Immediately
appointed Lieutenant General of the army,
which by the the 18th of September arrived
within few miles ofthe capitol of Scotland.
Some preparations were made by the people
for defence, but the city soon surrendered
and Charles entered in triumph into Edin-
burgh. Another victory was gained over
the English at Preston Pans. each army
l e L:~~l1
ders rushed To the combat amid the dis.
charge of cann0n and musketry, but
with dirk and musket, shield and sword,
soon decided the contest in their favor.
The attack was fierce, and the English
soldiers, unused to their strange mode of
warfare, and alarmed by exaggerated ac-
counts III the numbers Of the highlan-
ders, and ienfold at the sigh: of mem
whom their imaginations had clothed
with every attribute Of savage feroci,y.
fed with precipitation.
Thu House Of Hanover was filled with
CONSERVATION, mt the news of this vic.
tory, and the friends of the exiied f,mi-
ly animated and encouraged by their
success. At the head Of 5000 men,
Charles now invaded England, took Car
lisfe, and leaving garrison to protec:
that place, continued hiss march SOUTH
Blu, hearing that the duke Of Cumber.
land, the youngest son Of the reigning
mona c., at the head of 10000 men Was
J On his march to oppose him, he re,reated
, to Carlisle. and continued to lead his ar.
my tnward Scotland, where he arrived
OH the 10Th of December, effeciing his es-
cape from bitterly hostile country,
, where he had passed two months. with
$ the loss of only 81 men. Charles now
proceeded to Sterling where he was join.
t ed by Lord Lewis Gordon and several
highland clans. until his army amounted
to about 5000 These wild, unnamed
E children of the North were averse to dis
$ c,pline. and dissensions often broke out
among them, though all were devoted
n 10 the Prince and his cause. Charles
passed the winter ut Inverness, and
\ the Royal forces at Aberdeen; and ear.
: ~ in The spring each moved forward and
e halted about l6 miles from each other
n The 10Th of April, being the Dukes
| birthday was passed bY his soldiers IN