davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-05-08
TN the United States Court
IN CHANCERY-viaoIsiA AT Circuit Superior
Court of Law and Chancsry, hold for Haliia1 couu-
", the 9Th day Of April 1876

~ the 9Th day Of April 1876:
Booker Epps, Obadiah Epps, and James young,
Daniel Epps, Rhoda Greenwood, Elijah B. Wood and
Lucinda his wife. Booker Epps, Mary W. Epps ,onn
w. Epps William Neal and Elizabeth ms VIE, arthur
Moseiey and Lucinda his wife, John keaton and ne
becca his WIFE Moses Cole, and the children of the
said William Cole, deceased, whose names are uh-
known, Deenoa",..
Booker Eops, Obadiah Epps, and James Young, hav-
Ing filed their bill in this Court, alleging that Moses
Epps late Of the county of Halifax, virginia. mao oe
nnrrsd til. life intesae seized Of tract Of land OF
about nine,y-three acres, Halifax Court House.
leaving the following descendants his heirs entitled 10
the said land in eoParesnay, 20 WI .ns obarsn Of
he decedent Lucinda the wife Of Elijah b. Wood,
Booker j. Epps and Mary w. Epps The children q! Of
William Epps, son OF the SAID decedent !onn W;
Eops the son of Thomas Epps, another son OF the said
decedent; and Elizabeth, the wife OF william NeaI,
Lucinda the wife Of Arthur Moseley Rrbecca the wife
Of John Keaton and Moses eoie the cliaIeh oi ss.y
dent-that William Cole, another son OF the SAID mary,
has departed this life, leaving issue, whose number,
names and place of residence are unknownIthai 'ns
said Arthur Mossley and Lucinda his wife, John kea-
ton and Rebecca his wife, Moses Cole ana inc chilofen
OF the said William Cole deceased ate not innah'tants
Of this Commonwe and after the most oilisent ~
Quiry they have not been able to ascertain me names
or residence of the children of the said Wiinin a,s
deceascd-and that the said James Dung mas
ihe interest of said Daniel Epps and Rhoda Green,
wood In the said land, who have severaiy executed
deeds 10 him. conveying their title thereto Ihe sara
bin prays for partition of the said land, so as TO reteve
IN The unknown parties their just share tnereot, &C.
Voon the motion OF the plaintiffs by their counsel AND
Aaprearng TO the satisfaction of the Court mat inc
said Arthur Moseey and Lucinda his wife, John heaioh
and Rebecca his Wife Moses Cole and the children OF
The said William Cole deceased, are not inhabitants Of
this Commonwealth tits ordered that The said defend
ants Arthur Moseley and Lucinda his wife, John hea-
ton and Rebecca his wife, and Moses Cole, do appear
here the first Monday in July next, and answer the
plaintiffs bill; and that copy of this order be forthwith
inserted in the Richmond Enquirer for two months sue
cesvely and posted q, the front door Of the Court
House OF this county; and is further ordered by the
Court, that the children Of the said William Cole de-
ceused and all other persons interested in the subject oil
this suit appear here the rst day of the next Term
Of this Court and make themselves parties defendants
10 this st file their The companants Dill,
and their claim the land In the proceedings
mentioned. Copy. Teste,
ApriIi7-cw2m WILLIAM Hit, Clerk
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-05-08
germs Of the Enquirer.

.r,. Epnuirer Is published DAILY and SEMI
&Ir,y Frr The Daily Paper seven dollars per an
NH nj the rate Of eight dollars n taken for short
puh, "a than one wear. For the Semi-Weekly, fvS
e. - n.r annum and Three Dollars for SIX months,
IN advance to be paid IN the eee, RENTED by
pss 49,, paid or Six Dollars per annum al the end OF
heyeu. ,o mi. oA6ca may hs rsmitted ner mall
available Bank notes, at the risk OF the Eii-
~ ...ase a al letters beng paid by the nriers-
t of single letter Is scarcely Of any account
tin'',.rt [, is the accumulation of postage, III an
g INC business, which operates as serious TAI
unoo ne Ell'"ts n,,nn,s,,,o
:, rur DAILY ENQUIRER-For one square Of
~ inc. or less, first insertion, fifty cents, aud
.necred,ng insertion twenty-five cents-ii insert
eve, week, twice a week, or three times week.
,.,,y even and halt cents
'" NM THg sEMi-WEEKLY-0ne square of sixteen
ma ar less insertion, IS cents; for each conlinu-
ance. so cents. -, - accommodated ,,,h M
pay or satisfactory references 10 insure execu-
ti0a. -, -. .h..na5 A0y d,yor :, fov ,hiy,y
49, and In that proportion for advertisements of a
n .,s, lrnrlh-exeept Lottery Vendors and Auction
~ who are charged one hundred dollars, tpaper In
cludcd.l 49,: Co.. ~. ,n,n,,,
Sscrsver the pauy's handwriting Is unknown AT this
ocr must be authenticated by the endorsation OF tho
posaster the neighborhood, they will III no case
he published. Every measure, that has been taken 10
haven't ,mpositons and quzzes has proved heretofore
rn,yalnc We must, therefore, insist IN such case,
nnon the communication being certified by the name OF
The Postmaster, pritten the back vi the letter.
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-05-08
Tue CELEBRATED RACE HORSE, STEEL

- Got by that capital Racer and most valu-
~ able Stallion, imported Fylde; hs dam Di-
~ moth, by Constitution, which was also the
-llLa dam OF the famous running mare, Sally Eu.
bank; and hs grand dam by Baps Fiorlzei, WIZ sisna
the approaching season. commencing the Isl March, AT
CAPTAIN Smiths Tavern, Charlotte Court House, Nir
GINA al thirty dollars, cash, notes due the rnt july
lo46 aud one dollar the groom. In case a number
Of mares are sent by Company, one -tponslbie man
must be bound 10 for the whole amount. Pasturage
furnished gratis and fed at thirty sevenand-a
half cents per day. and cooed servants boarded free Of
charge.
Steel Is Of the largest class OF race horses, being six.
teen hands high, Of great substance and power fine
bay with black legs and race horse equal TO any
In America. He won twelve times out OF thirteen
rocea The only time OF his losing was nj Baltimore
being beaten by yashti, when he was In bad order,
though he beat Portsmouth THAT beat Bosonl In thar
and got three hundred OF the purse the second
best horse In the Immediately after That race no
challenged vasht 10 run four mile heats, Tor ten thou
and dollars aside, half forfeit, which was declined
For further particulars Of his pedigree and perform
mances see large bills, which viii be furnished 10 gen
tem.n who may desire 10 see them.
Dec l9-cwtlstJune JOHN cObANh.
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-05-08
ESTRAY MARE.

a Broke loose from my Stable ON
1SATURDAY last, about o'clock, p.
III NJ, dark brown MARE, with The
head-sall OF The halter on; OF fine size and appear
ance, six years old, long black TAIL and legs, with
the marks of large scar on her right shoulder
blade, which is easily perceptible. purchased
her recently of M. A. 7. Burton, of Powhatan; il
is probable she may have gone in that direction
by the Westham road. Any information that will
lead TO her recovery will be thankfully received,
and suitable reward paid If required. Apply to
May 5-eo3t D. TRUEHEART.
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-05-08
WESTERN AGENCY.

w EKttN 1AOEIkNOEs
INTENDING 10 leave here by the Goth instant, lot
Kentucky, on business which will not occupy all
my Time beg leave to offer my services such per-
sons may need them for the transaction or business
generally but especially for the sale Of lands paying
taxes, collection Of debts, &C In any Of the Western
States where business will justify the expense OF going
10 persons who are unaQuainted with me, reference
VIII be given here, and in other parts Of the State
Any communication through the Post ONCE VIII re-
eeive Immediate attention. TH0S. TALLEf.
Richmond, May 6, ls46.-ctd
IN THE DISTRICT COURT OF THE UNITED
sTATES for the Eastern District Of Virginia
Jaquelin P. Taylor and others.
7 In Bankruptcy.
Beverly sydnor,
The creditors Of the said Beverly Sydnor notified
that the sum OF 05l rs Ia Deposited In Rank subject
10 distribution among them; and The Court will be
asked make an order for Its distribution the
tenn. RICHARD RUSSELL,
Com. and Assignee Of said Beverly sydnoy.
Aprl94-ctf
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-05-08

MATAMORAS.-A5 this is the anticipated
ballle ground, opposite which General Taylor is
encamped, the following description of the city
from 4 correspondent OF the New York Tribune
may prove interesting:
Ma!amoras is an old Spanish CITY, containing
about 1000 inhabitants, and is beauliiuly stu
ated on the Southern bank 0. the Rio Grande
within its folds that its trout and rear are both
on The river. Seen from the American side. it
has every appearance OF being an American
town. The streets intersecl each other al right
angles, and appear 10 be lined with many varie-
ties OF shade trees, which give the town an air of
coolness and render its appearance very inviting
Many OF the buildings are built of BRICK and in
the modern style OF architecture. The Calhe-
drai, market, and buildings occupied by The mill
tary, are among The finest. The dwellings OF The
| poorer classes are constructed with canes, brush,
mud and The like materials, and are essentially
Mexican The Town formerly contained double
rs present number OF inhabitants, and was
place Q. some importance. This rapid decline is
owing 10 their internal connections, and the
growing Incidence Of the people. The citizens
are all under the rule CT the military, and are
obliged 10 provide fur them The military is su-
preme, and the orders Of their General, Meiia, are
law.
The city has several Notifications, armed with
guns ofdfferent calbfes, and force Of or GOO
men is kept in them constantly. Since our pr
rival they have Increased their force 10 nearly
5000 men, and have been working night and day
upon The delences Of The place. They have thrown
up several batteries which bear upon our camp,
AL we are quietly waiting for them 10 give US
ball. Should they favor MS. we shall return the
compliment with series OF !hem for the Spanish
are very particular in matters Of el,quc;le. Our
camp i, directly opposite The town, and 800 yards
from their batteries. We are engaged in throw
ing up field work, constructing gun batteries,
and taking such precautions as are necessary 10
enable Us 10 maintain our position. This seems
important since our intercourse with them is en-
lirely prohibited b. the Mexican authorities AID
their attitude decidedly hostile
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-05-08
REMOVAL,

Mrs. E. BRANNAN has removed her
lNl MILLINERY ESTABLISHMENT 10
The store occupied by George Keesee, Esq Tor
several years as Jewellery Store, doors
above the Mansion House, and Immediately op-
posile the Bell Tavern.
Mrs. B takes pleasure in announcing to IN
Ladies that she will open her Spring Fashions
on Tuesday The 2sth inst.
April 2S-ddc2awlm
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-05-08
ApaRlAN HORSE SHAHEEN

= This HORSE Is believed to be the finest
~ speetmen OF the Arabian race ever imported
~ into the United States. He was purchased
lAlduring the past year by our Minister al on,
.antnoule after much experience IN the observation on
s horses Of that country and after long seafcnng ana
numerous forts To find animal OF the best oiooa aIo
sosst parts He believes that he fully succeeoed as an
.I,,aet from ons OF his letters hereto appe amply
shous have also letters from MI. Porter, Consul Q,
m. United States in that city, 10 the same enect.
deem il unnecessary publish his Arabian peoiereo,
.b-r in The original translated, a. II would ne not
yary Ineligible to most persons. ,
siocs mis- arrival which has been recent, this horse
ha. been seen by some Of the best judges connected
wrh tne Turf In New York and Washington, and mas
han to exhibit tho highest degree OF beauty
strength and activity possible for an animal OF MA Oh
mensons. . .,.,,,, ~ ,ha
county OF King William, and at the Old Chureh Ia tne
eounty OF Hanover, Within teen miles OF tho City OF
Riehmond. Mares and servants can find accommodh-
linn nj both piaces reasnnsh. .-.-s. o -
tna,csd In order TO bring this Horse wlthii reach OF
~ az MEANS 10 put the price OF inc sea
@ q, 'ns ysry small sum of $40, f paid before the ist
~ I,s. IL not Sos In each case, one dollar must ue
n.a ~ the sroom He will he nj Ayletrs the 6th OF
S.,en where he viii remain until tho llth; thon ne
nN Or 10 the old Church. and remain there unti tue
Is,h ana 20 on 10 the end OF the season. remaining nVe
DAYS a, the former place. and four days al inc latter
makinp his appearance at each every ninth day
As''s - WN. BOULWARE.
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-05-08

Thompson's Bank Note Reporter says: "We
have strong presen,imen that there is no safety
in taking and holding the Notes oilhe Merchant,
and Nice bar cs' Bank Of Wheeling Va" Up
on this paragraph, which We hope has no fouhda-
ton in the actual condition Of The Bank referred
TO- the Baltimore American Of Saturday las. re-
marks: "The Bank named has always stood
well in this quarter and we have moi heard a
whisper 10 It's disadvantage"
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-05-08

TIE COMMITTEE or INvEsrloarIoN-Th Com
mitlee 70 inquire in,o ;. charges against Mr. Web
ser, Of which Judge Petit is chairman, will
meet Tomorrow, and commence their labors
The sergeant alarms OF the House OF Representa-
lives has already served summons npon some
Of the officers OF the Slate department. In regard
10 the following statement from the New York
SUM- we understand that The chairman Of the COM
miltee has received no letter Of any sort from Mr.
Tyler.-[ LniOn.
THE SECRET SERVICE FUNDING
learn that President TYLER has written letter 10
the Committee OF Congress, in which he alleges
that Mr.. Webster never applied any portion Of
the secret service fund without consulting him,
and receiving his entire sanction iha, no part
was applied without proper consideration, and
that lie, and not Mr. Webster, is wholly respon.
sib, Tor It's appiicaion in all cases"
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-05-08
ROST0N

This distinguished HORSE, whose per
n-A formances on the turf We're unequailed, and
~ whose colts have, as far as tried, been I'M
llA commonly successful, so much so, that every
nm. thui onel that has been trained has been pinner
will stand this Spring al my plantation, oaSand VI .he
eann,v of Chesterfield, about twenty FIVE miles from
hoth Petersburg and Richmond, and is now ready TO
s-rye mares al fifty dollars the season. payable al It's e1-
praion which will be fifteenth July next. Servants
sr, with mares will be boarded gratis. and mares fed
and well led f wished, at reasonable pfice-pasurage
and lot. extensive, and excellent.
-" r.n lz~c,lstJune w. R. JOHNSON.
~ The Richmond Wing and Petersburg lneliieencer
iii cnny md continue TN lrst June.
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-05-08
WHAT WILL. THE WINGS DOT

The question "What will the Wings do2" fire.
ouently suggests itself TO our mind. Their OLD
weapons are all broken or taken away from them
and, although they excel particularly in manu-
featuring, yet they used up nearly all their raw
materials in IA, and what little was then left has
since been consumed in vain attempts 10 create war
panics, currency panics and every other imagin-
able panic, since the commencement oflhe present
session of Congress. The Oregon question is in
a fair way to be amicably and honorably settled
The Tariff will doubtless in very short time be
reduted TO the revenue standard, yielding sufi-
Gent amount to meet The economical wants OF the
Goyernment-the Independent Treasury bill will
soon become the law Of the land-and Texas has
already been peaceably brought into our sister
hood. Then, we repeat, what will The Wings
do; All oil their predictions have proved erro-
neous, and their hopes OF the ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF
the Republican party have wufully deceived them
The Democratic party have come out OF every
conies, since the election of Mr. Polk with their
brows crowned with victorious laurels-and the
Whif party have met with nothing but defeat and
discontinue.
But we must remain united the little germs
of discord must be crushed. Every man who e1.
poets 10 rise should be ever willing TO submit his
claims TO his party, and if selected BY them, the
others should forget their own personal aspira-
tons, think only Of the success OF our com
mon principles, and assist in the elevation OF
their successful rivals. Let the aim OF each and
all of us be, to excel the other in the perpeuaton
of the glorious doctrines Of the Republican party
Let all heart-burnings and jealousies be Danish
ed from our councils. Remember The losses
which we sustained during the recent elections
on account of the refusal Of some OF the can
didates to submit their claims TO the conventions
of their party; and, above all, remember that
aUnion is strength, and that division ensures de-
feat"
THE WHEAT CROP-We are sorry
10 learn that the fly is destroying the early
whea, in this neighborhood. We have not
ourselves had an opportunity OF seeing much
of its ravaees, but what we have seen was suftl-
Glen, 10 make the heart sick. Our little crop OF
some 25 acres upon which, short time back, we
Dragged pretty extensively, is so entirely eaten
up, that we doubt very much whether We shall
put cradle into it. We earnestly hope, how
ever ,hatours is the WORST if it is not others must
be in sad predicament.
The late wheat. so far, has almost entirely es-
capped.
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-05-08
WANTED.

A SITUATION (for young LADY, as teacher IN
private family. She IL competent TO teach Music,
french, End all the branches of English Education
nc most satisfactory references given Terms very
moderate Address Mise NJ. o. T., Warrenton, VIZ
s'nis. May left
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-05-08
e,4Oi,OOO
Total four 4, 400, 200

This capital has doubled itself in few years.
The Merrmack has paid 10 its stockholders lou
per cent OF their investment, and while lnese per-
Sons say they can compete with England in The
China market, they pretend that they cannot
compete with her in this market. Why can they
not sell as cheap to Americans as they can 10
Chinese? Because Congress taxes Americans
for their benefit, and there is no means OF their
taxing the distant people of Asia. II they deal
with them, they must give a fair equivalent for
what they exact. Now The protective system en-
ables them 10 exact more than they give just
,a,n,r
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-05-08

LATE FROM ST. DOMINGO.-We learn
from Capt Greasy, OF the brig Clara, from 81,
Domingo City on The l9;h ult, that The Domini-
cans were under arms day and night, in anliclpa-
ton of an attack from The Haytien., whom it
was rumored would shortly make descent upon
that cilY.--[N Y. HeraiA. NaH 5.
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-05-08
"TnE OLD NORTH STATE WIDE AWAKE

"TIlE OLD NOkTH STATE WIDE hWhkE.'
AL meeting OF The Democrats OF Northamp.
ION county, North Carolina, held a, Jackson, on
Tuesday, the 2Sth April, 1916; on motion, DR..
Thomas " Roberts was called 10 the Chair, and
Erasmus N. Peterson appointed Secretary.
The Chairman in few briefremarks explain
ed The object Of the meeting, viz for The purpose
Of nominating candidates 10 represent Norlhamp-
Ton county in the next General Assembly.
On motion OF Jesse Bradley, Esq, Captain
Jas. M S. Rogers was unanmt usly nominated
the candidate Tor the Senate; and Thos. Bragg,
Jr., Esq, and DR.. VIM. S. COPELAND for The Com
mons.
Captain Rogers appeared before the meeting,
and in few brief and appropriate remarks ac-
copied The nomination for the Senate.
Next came Thomas Bragg, Jr., Esq, who
stated that his enga eemenls prevented him from
making speech then, though he accepted the
nomination, and would reserve himself for The
campaign.
Doctor COPELAND next came forward, accepted
his nomination, spoke about fifteen minutes, and
proved himself worthy Of the trust assigned him.
The Chairman then announced there was no
other business before the meeting. 1t was resolved
that The Chairman and Secretary write out and
sign The proceedings, and have them published;
aiIer which. on motion the meeting adjourned.
THOS. v. ROBERTS, Chairman.
r N-pyrEssoN, Secretary.
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-05-08
VOLUME XLlLI.-NUMBER 8.

the proper duty Of the Congress, for which they
are legally assembled, and who will find NO dit.
ilculiy in giving their irremediable sentence
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-05-08

John BINNs, Commissioner for the States OF Viz
.inia, North and South Carolina, and Maryland, TO
~ s"ae IN The STATE Of Pennsylvania, has his Once No
o. south Sixth strsst, Phiiadelphis. May l-ca'
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-05-08

THE UNITED STATES rs. FRANCIS
TH0WAS-The argument which has been pro-
crossing for several DAYS in the Washington Cir
s.n S Thomas on the charge of ibellng
Senator Benton, on account of the absence o,
Mrs. inn wife OF The late Senator Linn, it will
be seen by the report on the fourth page, was
broush, 10 close yesterday. The Cour' deferred
rs DECISION however, until this morning. The
.cene in he Court House is represented as most
sxci,ing-a vast concour.e of citizeus OF Mary
land and Virginia as we'll as members OF Con-
gress being present. Baltimore Sun,
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-05-08

BLOCKADE IN THE MEXICAN GULF.
The brig Equity, Capt. Place, arrived yes,er
day, brings information that when off Malamo-
ras, with The intention OF entering, on the I7h
inst she was overhauled by The u S. brig Law
renee ard ordered off The coast
n Jcrsonjon s...J M
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-05-08

OLD POINT COMFORT.-Now that the
warm weather l. beginning 10 b iell many per-
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-05-08
Extract rtferrtd TO.
mRGATION OF The UNITED STATES,


"Dsar sir: Your Horse, Shah-en, is q!
the heat Arabian race and a the finest Horse in This
Civ His Majesty, the Sultan. has not his equal IN Ills
numerous stud He 10 the subject of general admira-
lion ON the part cf the Turks whenever he 10 taken
out deem myself exceedingly fortunate In having
obtained him, &c, &c. Very truly yours, &c
M,ych 3-ci3lstsiay "DABNEY 8. CARR"
TN the United States Court for the Eastern District OF
Virginia, March IA, 1886
In he matter Of Bankruptcy Of Thomas Butler, OF
the county Of King William, in the Eastern Virginia
District
The said Thomas Butler, who has been decreed
Bankrupt ny This Court having filed petition praying
for ms discharge ordered that notica thereof he
published IN u newspaper printed ~ the City OF Rich-
rond seventy days at least before the 3Dh Gay Of May
nett, when hearing will bn had the said petition, al
tbe United States Court Room In the City OF kich.
mond, and all creditors who have proved their deDts,
and other persons In interest, may appear al the sao
time and place. and show cause, IL any they have, why
The prayer Of the said petitioner should not be granted
A Copy. Teste, r. MAYO, Clerk.
March l7-cw10w
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-05-08
AnpnnLncnti hu Mc Gnrernnr az Tircinin.

William OConnor OF Jersey City, New Ier-
sey, and James A. poage of Baslrop Colorado
county, Texas, as commissioners on The part Of
Virginia, to take depusilons, &C., within Their
respective States.
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-05-08
OND, VA, FRIDAY MORNING, MAY 5, Ia46.

sons are inquifing "arhere am Ito 60" Our ad
vice is 10 all who seek pleasure, comfort or health
60 &c Old Point. The French gentleman who
callers for and superin,ends at the Hygeia Holel
is mot unknown to fame" Indeed, his outward
man shows on what meat or steeps4tad "onr Caesar
hath ted." Two lines OF steam boats now Fly be-
tween this place and Old Point, and convey pas
sengers al the low rate OF one dollar, meals in
cluded. The Bathing. houses have been rebuilt
on more extensive and comfortable scale, and
the Hotel has been recently reiulnished with every
thing new from top 10 bottom, and The charges, we
hear, are moderate.