Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1846-12-14


Ii they he compelled iy the pau's'Nn and suffering.
oi their crowded population. IN pursue SIMILAR policy
Our farmers more deeply interested II maintaining
the Just and liberal policy o the existing law than amy
other class 4 our cizens They constitute large ma
Jofity Of onr populations and IL s well known than when
they prosper. all other pursuits PROSPER also They have
heretofore only received of the ban,s iasos
of government but, by the unequal operations 81 The pm
tcuNc pory have been made ~ the burdens OF taxation
which II imposed, 10 Contribute To the bountos which
have Cufchod others.
When a foreign well n home market in opened To
them, they must receive they receiving.
creased prices Tor their products. They will find rad
Ter SALE and nj better prices. Tor their Wh'a Hour. ree
lndau beef. pork. lard. buttr cheese and other
uccs, which they produce. The home market alone
is inadequate 10 enable them dispso of the Immense
surplus III od and other articles which they capable
9" r dncng, even at the most reduced prices, for the
manifest reason HAT they eannat be consumed in the
country. The United States can. FINN their immense
surplus. supply not oly the hume demand, but the def
c cncl,s oi l'd required hy the whole world.
1hs, the reduced r. duclion o some Of the chief ari
ccs OF od III Great ritan. and other paris II FL npe,
may have contributed To increase the demand ir our
hrcadstus and proy sunS Ia mol doubted hut that the
great aud efficient at this increased demand. and of
Increased prlces consists the val of artificial re-
street uns hereiurc imposed, is decmcd To be equally
certain. That experts ui tad already inrrrns, and
increasing beyond innor example, under the more liberal
policy which has lc,n adopted Will be- still vastly en-
larged unless they bc checked prevented h, r,sor
! IN Il the protective policy cannot he doubted That
commercial and navigating interests will ho enlarged
N spending ratio viii, the increase oi our trade IL
cIunly certain while our manufacturing interests will
still be- the favored interests ri the country. aud receive
The incidental pmrcou afforded them hy revenue duties:
and more than tins they cannot Justly demand
IN my annual message of December last u iarn Of
revenue duties based upon the principles Of the existing
law recommended; aud | have soon reason 10
change the opinions then oppressed IN view Of the
probable beneficial effects Of TINT law. recommend that
the policy established by h maintained. II has hut
ust commenced 10 operate and In nlaudun modify It
without giving II tar trial would be iurNped cn and
UNIV sc Should defects IN any Gifts detail bo ascor
tanned hy aetpal experience IN eNe. these be here
after corocied hut until such detects shall become
ip,i the ac, should hc fairly tested
II is submitted tur Your consideration whether II may
not he proper ASA war measure. impose dn
on some oi the ARTICLES embraced IN the free list.
Should II he deemed proper 10 impose such duties, with
view To 10 meot the expenses OF the
with Mckee or 10 avoid 10 thai sNton, the cfea''on OF
public debt. they may lo repealed when the emergency
which gave rise 10 them shall to exist and con
stlu'c no pari Of the permanent policy of the Country
The act o the sixth OF August last. "to provide Ter the
better organization Of the treasury and for the collection
saickccpng, transfer and disbursement Of the public
revenue, has been carried into execution Iapnlly
the delay necessarily arising of the appointment of
olicers taking aud approving their bonds and pre-
pairing and securing proper places Tor the sarkeopng
the public money would permit II IL not proposed Ia
depart IN any respect from the principles policy
which this great measure is founded. There are how
ever. defects IN the details OF the measure. Developed h,
its practical OPP ration. which fully forth IN the
port Of the Secretary # the Treasury 10 which the at
tcnou oi Congress IS invited. Thsc defects would i'm
pnlr To extent the successful operation Of the law
all tmts, bui are especially embarrassing when the conn
try engaged IN warwhen tho expenditures srrail,
increased. when loans to be tH,titd. and the dis
buscmonls are to he made nj points many hundred mile,
distant IN some cases, from any depository, and lag'
portion OF them IN foreign country. The modification,
suggested IN the report Of the Secretary Of the 1easnr,
/ are recommended to Your favorable consideration
In connoNion with this subject. invite your attention
10 the Importance Of establishing branch Of the mint
the United States al New York. Two-ihrs of III,
revenue derived from customs hen. collected at that hin
the demand Tor specie Ia pay the duties will be- arpe;an,
branch mint where foreign coin aud bullion could /,
INN, lately converted into American CON- would great,
facilitate the transaction Of the public business enlag,
The circulation of gold and silver aud be-, the sam,
time. u safe eppsliory Of the public money.
TIE nnprfaEcc Of graduating and reducing the pric,
Of such Of the public h7s have been long offered il
the market. the min mum rate authorized hy existing
Laws anl remain unsuld induces mo again to recommend
f the subject Ia Your favorable consideration. Many NIL
lions of acres Of these lands have been offered N the mar
kc for more than thirty years, and larger quantities k
more than ten OF twenty years. and being Of inf ro
quality, they must remain unsiloabc for indefinite
period unless the price at which they may be purchased
shall be reduced To place price upon them above ihc
Nhilf II ohll 10 IclT ana lleffbv
deprive the treasury of any income from that SOURCE but
UNJUST To the States in which they lie. b, it rotardl
their growth and increase of populaon aud because they
have no power To levy tax upon them as upon other
lands within their limits held by other prophet, than
the United Slaos, for the support Of their local govern
mCnts.
The beneficial effects the graduation principle have
been realized by some Of the States owning tho lands
within their limits IN which has been adopted. They
have BEN demonstrated also hy the United States acting
as the trustee ii the Chckasaw tribe of Indians in tho
sale of thor lands lying within the States Of Miss s.
spp and Alabama The Chiekasaw lands which
, would not command in the market the minimum price
established by the laws OF the United States for The
sale It Their lands, Were, IN pursuance Of the trca
" Of 1884 with that tribe, subsequently offered fb
sale AZ graduated and reduced rates for limited PC
RODS HE result was thai large quantities Of hes,
lands were purchased, which would have otherwise
, remained unsold The lands disposed of al
their real value and many persons Of limited means were
enabled 10 purchase small tracts. upon which they hay,
settled with their families. That similar results would
be produced by The adoption Of the graduation policy by
The nlted States in all the States in which they ar,
the owners Of large bodies Of lands which have been onu
IN the market. cannot be doubted II cannot be a sound
policy 10 withhold large quantities OF the public lands
from the Use and occupation OF citizens, by Aing
upon them prices which experience has shown they VII
moi command. On the contrary, ia a wise Icy To a
ford acltcs 10 our citizens la become the owners
at low and moderate rates, If irech,ls Of Their own in
stead Of Icing the tcuants and dependents OF Others
II be appehcndcd that these lands ii reduced in price
would be secured in large quantities by spccuators