The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1846-07-10

N
gree, 10 the manufacturing classes, TO shos they give
premature monopoly u the markets. They sometimes
force industry out OF its most natural channels into
others, in which il flows with less advantage"
"But il is not 90 generally true, as to render il
equitable, that those duties should form the only ma
tional fund. When they paid by the mer-
chant, they operate as an additional tax upon the
importing State, whose citiEens pay their proper
uon OF them in the character of consumers Ia
this view, they are productive of inequality
among the States; which inequality would be in
creased with the increased extent of the duties.
The confinement of the national revenues TO this
species OF imposts, would be attended with inequal-
lty, from different cause, between tho manufaciur-
ing and the non-manufacturiDg States. The States
which can go arthest towards the supply OF their
own wants, by their manufactures, will not, ac-
cordng to their numbers wealth, consume great
proportion Of imported articles those States which
in the same favorable situation, they oouid not
therefore, IN this mode alone, contribute 10 The public
treasury IN ratio 10 their abiiines To make them do
this, IL is necessary that recourse be had TO ex-
cises, the proper objects of which particular
kinds of manufactures. New York is more deeply
interested in these considerations than such Of her
citizens as contend for limiting the power Of the
Union to external taxation may be aware Of New
York rs an importing State, and from greater dis
proportion between her population and territory, Is
less likely than some other States speedily TO be-
come in any considerable degree a manufacturing
State. She would Of course suffer in a double light
from restraining the jurisdiction of the Union TO
commercial imposts."
We have not yet arrived at permanent sys-
TEN Of excuses domsstie anutaetuss; and il the
tariff be now reduced, the inequalities Of taxation
which il produces between the manufacturing and
accommodating States will cease to great ex-
tent.
In eonnoxion with these ancient archives, we lay
before readers the following sessonabe extracts
upon the existing tariff, from the papers Of the
present day:
From the n y. Evening Post
MR.. cLAYs LAST LETTER.
The wings have called upon their Ajax lebanon
10 come TO the of the tariff indication that
they are seriously alarmed for It's fate. MIR. Abbott
Lawrenoes letters have not answered their purpose
the speech Of Mr.. Stewart, of Pennsy which
Mr.. Appleton is printing and distributing by cart
loads, does not convince the people; and now the
friends Of the tariff trying what virtue there Is in
letter of Mr.. Clay. The following letter, manifest
y written for publication, and addressed To firm
in this city, the name Of which is withheld, has APP
"AsHLAsp, June 5th, 1886.
"GEsrLEMEs; ] postponed answering your favor
until the arrival Of the articles to which IL refers
which you have been kind enough to present TO me-
They reached here yesterday in safety and request
your acceptance Of my thanks for them. The pleas
urc which we shall derive from using them will be
much increased by the fact that both the mate
rial and the fabric are American. Their excellence
attests the perfection which this important branch
Of woollen manufactures has attained in the United
States, and II is the gratifying because Of the
great difficulties with which they have constantly
had to contend.
''on both sides of the Atlantic the policy of at
fordlng protection to domestic manufactures appears
TO be under consideration in the national legis
The British minister has brought forward meas
ure embracing the doctrine of free trade, not how
ever, without exceptions Of several, and very
important, articles. The manufactures Of Great
Britain have reached very high degree Of perfec-
ton, by means of her great capital, her improved
skill and machinery, her cheap labor, and under
system Of protection, long, perseveringy, and rig
orously enforced. She, moreover, possesses i'm
mense advantages for the sale and distribution Of
her numerous manufactures, in her vast colonial
possessions from which those Of foreign powers are
either entirely excluded, admitted on terms very
unequal with her own.
81 am not, therefore, surprised that under these
favorable circumstances Great Britain should herself
be desrous to adopt and prevail on other nations to
adopt the principles Of free trade Isha be surprised
il any Of the great nations of the continent should
follow example, the practical effects Of which
will be 30 beneficial to her and SO injurious to
them.
The propriety of offering protection to domestic
manufactures, its degree and its duration, depend
upon the national condition and the actual progress
which they have made. Each nation, Of right,
ought to Judge for ITSELF believe that history
cords instance any great and prosperous nation
which did not draw its essential supplies of food and
raiment from within its own limits. II all nations
just commencing their career, il their manu-
features had all made equal progress, il might per-
haps be wise to throw open the markets of the world
to the freest and most unrestricted competition. But
it is manifest that while the manufactures of some
have acquired all the maturity and perfection Of
which they susceptible, and those of others
yet in their infancy, struggling hard for existence,
free competition between them must rebound to the
advantage Of the experienced and skful, and to the
injury Of those who are just beginning to naturaze
and establish the arts.
"No earthly qualification to the heart Of states
can be greater than that of having contributed
to the adoption of great system Of national policy
and of afterwards witnessing its complete success in
its practical operation. That qualification can be
joyed by those who instrumental in establish
ing the policy of protecting domestic manufac-
Every which insy made mas been
to the quality and quantity of the domestic supply,
TO the reduction Of prices to the effect Of COM
petition at home, and to the abundance Of the
public revenue, has been fully realized. And it is
no less remarkable that every counter prediction,
without exception, Of the opponents Of the policy
without tracing particularly the operation of
our earlier tariffs, adjusted to both the objects of
revenue and protection, and coming down to the
last, it seems to me that if there bene-
fetal effect from any public measure fully demon
srated, it is that the tariff of l842, beyond all
troversy, relieved both the and the peo
pie Of the United States from state of pecuniary
embarrassment bordering on bankruptcy.
Entertaining these views and opinions, should
deeply regret any abandonment Of the policy Of pro-
Ia - l.. "a r.
1842, which has worked SO well. If its operation
had been even doubtful, would il not be wiser to
await further developments from experience before
we plunge into a new and UNEMPLOYED theory
Scarcely any misfortune is SO great to the BUSH
ness and pursuits Of people as that of perpetual
change.
III am sensible that have extended this letter to
most unreasonable length. hope you will ex-
cuse and attribute il to the beautiful fruits Of fa
vorte and cherished policy which you have kindly