New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1846-12-04

rSNI-For improving Grand River barber On LAAe
Ere trE; thousand dolsrs.
tis2 For improving Asa!s5u!s a&roof, Gh LSAe s''s
lisa 20! Improving TIE hs-bos Al Cleveland. OF Lake
Erie, JSverty thousand 4c.srs. -,
llsS1 -sor improving The haIooe a. Safoas On LAKE
Ere i've thousand tolafs
For III proving lie bNroor SaniusSy cisy, ia LsAs
Ere eleven thousand dollars
GsSG l-For improving me River sat.in aarsNr. 90
LsSs ere. thirteen thousand collars
fts$ For c,rs,rGciags i-ed ge bosl &c gsed or
Lake Es3e. twenty thousand dollars
Fer ~ improvement; Of ne 81 ClsiE FLATS cslr -
a. 10 prevent hem o5stractng ihe ?asss % vessels rora
Buso The ports Lake Michigan. forty thousand 3o,
lisa ]-For improving me Grsnd Rlvsf Hsreos.
- .s; sse 20 ;s as .5 s GSaSs .
For improving ne habor Al the mouth OF Hs.sm.Ioe
Se % Lss 81, 9fs se len s5s YES
S l-Eor improving The hxroor al 81 Joseph "a Lase
M;chis aa.- Ten thousand dollars
IISS For imp, 9vnG the hSroor 81 Michigan NNy oG
Lake Michigan. torty thousand ici!Srs ~,
For The improvement, Of LItie Fort hSFo0'' gu LsAe
Michigan. twelve thonsAnC dollars
For improving the hSsbor Racine, Lake Michigan
fifteen ihousssa dollars 80,
1855 For irpprovin ,he hlr5 al Sv sa&e- Lake
TiS8 For improving The harbor Chicago, on Lake
Michigan Twelve thousand dollars,
For constructing tredseooat 70 be used on LaSe Mich
igsn. fifteen thousand dollars.
(ISsd For improving The h.lhor Lo,iis seventy
S For constructing 5reskw sler structure STAN
,ofl Ledge. Maine twenty thousand dollars
o 'tc HhAVSt ~ HOs'SA A'''t '''N
IIss6 For Continuing The works Bnasepors, Con,
For removing the obstruction the crook IL the hsEbeF
OF Providence, Rhode Island, aye thousand dollars
xsre 5ite.u thousand dollars.
iISSa -sor improving the usIboI NJ fort penn pe.s'
ware. I've thousand dcsr..
TsSG For completing the Delaware sreakwaIer seven
ty-Sve thousand dollsrs
s,ts -, ihnU.sns JeIisrs '''
IisSs For improving the haEbor Baltimore Guy,
;wsnty thousand dollars
Fer the imp OF the harbor OF Hare le grace
Maryland, twenty thousand dollars
So For ihe Improvement OF Savannah hsToot snS
the uavs anchorage nssr sort Pulaski, fifty thousand dol
lars.
achu-etts TOUR thousand four hundred and h'y dollars
tl5 FOR the continuing the improvement OF Tie uaIi'
CATION Of the Hudson river above end oeow toshy' IN 'e
Stale ni New York. seveaiy-nye thousand doiiSrs
fl; FOR The improvement OF The Ohio river above we
falls al Louisville, eighty thousand dollars .,
IIS5O For improvement Of the Ohio RIVER below tue
tg- louisville, amt OF the Mississippi Missouri aud Ar
kansas rivers, Two hundred and forty thousand dollars
[sl For removing the raft Of Red river and for tue
improvement OF said river eighty thousand dollars
rOr repairs and preseryaon OF harbor WORKS hereto,
dollars
The President says the Constitution has conferred
ON Congress the power 10 make such proy eents but
that is begging the question. 1t doe3 not confer the
mower in express but 1t does not Therefore follow
that the power not in substance conferred ~ Other
terms The phrase internal improvements Is not in
the Constitution He that these haroors are
internal improvements and because power Is given
under such head therefore, Il does not exist
Mr. W. here entered at considerable length INTO a
powerful aud convincing argument on the general sub
ject of which our time and limits compel us to
omit After referring in its close Mr. Csihouns re
port IN the Senate and expressing his dissent from IT, he
SAID that he would read brief sta'euen, nt "hat WAS
mis- own opinion on this whole subject OF lG;ernal I'M
provement, and he accordingly read the following
In ms opinion. Congress has the power To make tiar
bOrs on the rivers and lakes to the u extent TO winch
: il has proposed 10 exercise such power.
That whether these proposed harbors be Judged use
fGl fer foreign only for commerce smonS
the States themselves the principle ia the sane, and
the Constitutional power given IN the SAME claus" and
the same words.
That Congress has power 10 clear out distractions
All rivers suited 70 the purposes OF commerce To-
reign domestic aud 20 improve their nafigauon ana
utility by appropriations from the Treasury OF the nit
ed States
That, whether river divide two States OF more than
two or run through two States more than two or IS
wholly confined TO State is imnateral provided its
importance commerce. foreign domestic, be Admit
ted For example, the North river is nayigabe, tide
water river for many miles while running entirely With
in the territory OF the State OF Newl ork yet sup
pose the removing OF distractions II this part OF the
is fully within the power OF Congress- ~ the re-
moving of distractions in the other parts OF the river
where il divides New. DIRK from New-Jerssy think
il wholly immatcral whether proposed Improvement
river for commercial purposes. be above or below
actually existing port OF entry.
IT, instead OF clearing out the rocks ani IN thai man
improving the channel of river. il Is found better
10 max. Canal round Falls which It, have no
doubt whatever OF the power OF Congress to construct
such Canal. think Tor instance" tina, Congress has the
power TO purchase the Louisville Canal round the Falls
OF the Ohio and that ought 10 exercise that power
II the works be purchased tor a reasonable
price and that the Canal should then be tree 70 all
those who have occasion it, reserving such tolls
only should be sufficient keep the work in repair
Il seems th.t these propositions all How from
the OF Government and its equal power over
rade with foreign nations and among the states and
from the fact resulting from these powers-hat the com
MERGE OF the United States Il unit
have o conception OF such thing seems 10 De
possible by the Report OF the Committee Of the
Senate, external commerce existing between TWO
States carried by laws and regulations Of their own
whether such laws were adopted with or Without the
consent OF Congress.
do understand how there can be u PENNEY wanna
vessel built manned and equipped under pennsylvania
laws trading such PennsyIvsnA vessel, with New
York Maryland having any rights or privileges not
conferred by the acts Of Congress and consequently
that the dea unfounded which supposes that when
only two States Interested in the navigation OF
river ts waters touch the shores OF only TWO states
the Improvement OF such riYor Is excluded from tue
power Of Congress and be et 10 the care oil the
TWO States themselves under agreement which they
may into with the consent OF Congress tor that
purpose.
In my opinion the provision. OF the Constitution
which forbid state from entering into any alliance
compact or agreement with another State without con
sent Of Congress draw alter II no such conclusion
that with the consent OF Congress TWO states ought
10 be bound 10 improve the navigation OF river which
separates their territories and that, therefore the
power Of Congress 10 make such Improvements Is aEen
away. A rlVcT moving Dct"crE l"o SIdpsI ouo wv
States only may be highly important 10 the commerce
Of the whole Union
L hardly be necessary u discuss this point IL 10
sufficient say that the whole argument "a founded on
the notion that the Constitution prohibits MORE than two
States from entering into agreements even with the
consent Congress This Ia mea1stly untenAole The
Constitution extends fully 70 agreements between
three four five States between two only and tue
Of Congress makes agreement between ave as
Tsld between II, therefore, two States can I'M
prove rivers with the Of Congress so caa ny
or more and If be sufficient reason for deny'ng the
power Of Congress 10 improve river. IN PaIueea!
case thar states themselves do H. having nss.
obtained the consent Congress 1t Is al e9uay Vsio
reason in the when i've states are c0DcsEheo
Thev TOO niay DO th. same thing With the consent oil
CongresO.
The distinction therefore between what nay DC done
az Congress whore only states are concerned VIII
river and VIVA, may be done in cases where more tasn
two are 80 connected. entirely vauisnes ho.d TIE
whole doctrine OF the Report OF the Commissioners on
his point 70 BE rnsound also of opinion that there
Is no difference between the power 10 construct pier
and the power 10 construct hAEtor.
think that single pier o. .tse affords degree OF
shelter and protection from winds and seas
Ira, two parallel piers make rsroor; and that II
one pier may be zh-uy constructed IL Is 10 eztrava
CANT Unconstitutional power 70 construct another
In 6ne am OF opinion, that Congress doe, con'ttu'
tonsIy possess the power Of estabishlng light houses