New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1846-07-24
Foreign CORRESPONDENCE o, The Trinuue.
sLANcss AT MODERN GERMANY.
80. Ill:
1T A YOUNG AxnicAS

lot il is 10 earn their daily sustenance with the
sweat Of their brows, that il is most strkngly made
manifest. l, is enough that The arts are favored
and the land improved and beauii6ed, nor even that
crimes are repressed and justice administered
with impartial swey-the !aboriDg classes sooo'D
be encouraged and protected. Nothing soou'o 0o
allowed 20 restrain their mental and mora I'D
ment, for on the basis OF their labor 'ne ~
tore of the State is raised, ana II lnH 0o Nv
the building can neither be solid nor ioi'I !. NC
J happens, however the: oiber causes' Jul % Ne
/ -ec, mower OF q government 10 Ieno'e' inHuei'e
,he;, nrosperity and The force OF opinion or iohs
I ...,;,,.d custom may retard many oenefc'e
| .s.o.s In attempting 10 show the condiuon OF
~. nor, If the German people. shall endeavor to
i've correc, picture. leaving each one TO judge OF
The csuses hch conduce 10 their prosperity or nis
fortuDe. a.
laboripg classes differs greatly, oelns pes. zee
the government is most liberal ell other tniog'
being equal And indeed. there are some olstr'cle
where The taxes no, being very heavy nor the iano
TOO thickly settled the Inhabitants seem 70 De as
peaceful and coniepted 1t is possible Tor tne 10
h.. constituted az the Germans are tor quiet en-
joyment ,;r ,,, ,h.,o
peasants and The farmers of America. The refined
ndepepdent and o uoost luxurious country lie when
the latter enjoy, is aimos, unknOwn in Europe One
meets now here with those delightful old bomesteaos
which are scattered ali over our broad iand-scarce-
" lonely cottage in the midst OF lis blooming gar
dens The population L. gathered into numbers OF
sma close and generally dirty villages, while the
COUNTRY far and wide is cultivated ike garoen
without a single hedge or fence, and only marked
s,ones to chow the limit OF each ones property
The land euher belongs 10 the people themselves or
- l,.r- aEfa a
10 whom they pay high for the OF il Their
lives are devoted labor alone. and liberal educa-
,ioD which contributes 80 much TO the hign stand
lug Of the American farmer, is held by the Germans
10 be out Of place among the laborlng classes
Both sexes work equally in The held. in Gil seasons
of the year and il is very common thing 10 see
women employed on the roads breaking stone or
even whole troops of them working as common
labore,s on the railways. This course OF work
makes them exceedingly strong aud vigorous, but
very frequently destroys that modesty ana virtue
which is womans greatest ornament
The density of the population renders land very
dear an acre of well cultivated ground costs gene
rally from 200 to $500 In order 10 save expense
the cows are obliged 10 do all the WORK OF oxen IN
other countries as there ia ground for pasurege,
except among the mountain districts. All the wild
grass along the roads, by the banks OF streams,
Is carefully cut with knives and carried nome lot
the stabbed cattle. Their agricultural implements
are all Of the rudeRt construction but the dlgence
siness The barn usually joins the house and large
heaps of compost before the doors is e common or
nament of German village.
Those who own tracts of land in States like
Baden and Nuremberg, where the taxes are little
higher Than in some OF our States Pennsylvania
for example can manage TO live in their simple way
with case and comfort but those who hire their
services 10 others are much worse OH. The prices
are not more than onetbrd OF those usually PAID 10
our laborers. and they are necessarily obliged to
II rim no
season. in which they go about in companies to
work they rarely know the luxury OF a bed. being
Obliged 10 sleep in large barns and subsistng on
the coarsest fare. The young women who labor
in the fields follow the same rough mode OF lie and
what degree Of morality they possess might readily
DO inferred.
In the Northern part Of Germany, the working |
people are poor indeed. In walking through parts
of Hesse- Cssscl Brunswick. Hanover and Prussia
have had an opportunity oil seeing and hearing
much concerning their condition, which Is often
times really lamentsbe. The wages OF a common
laborer are but sroschen about lS cents day,
and they told me they were obliged 10 live almost
wholly on potatoes and bread, to make this support
them Through the greater part OF Prussia the
wages are not much higher, and in Sesa and the
Hsrz district their amounts sometimes 10 aoso
lule starvation 1t should be borne In mind also
that the prices Of the necesseries of life are about
the same as ir America; and those politicians who 30
much vaunt the "low wages system OF Europe,
deceived
the same ratio and the Rborer is well oh. The
Winter of ls44-5 was very severe and the misery
Of the poor people accordingly great. saw hun
dreds Of in whose sunken outlines the
traces of want and misery could plainly be read
The rich and fortunate do much il is true, at such
times to alleviate their condition, but they cannot
prevent vast amount OF misery.
The deer hares. and other wild game are de
clared royal property, and although in the mountain
districts a farmer may have his whole crop destroy
ed he do nothing To prevent It. under the heav
es, penalties \ law in Prussia allows the forester
who has charge of the game, 10 take the life OF any
one he sees in the of destroying It, though /, be
only the killing OF hare.
Another prolific source OF misery and immortality
is the CONSUMPTION system. Each Stale has It's little
standing army, 10 furnish which, n certain number
of persons taken every year from The people
In Baden The proportion Is one 10 every hundred In
habanls, but in The larger Kingdoms, II Is still
greater. These youths OF nineteen or twenty
chosen by lo, obliged 10 serve from eight TO four
teen years, which takes in almost the only part OF
| their life which might be employed in gaining some
lille property. from which support themselves
their families. In the mechanical, monotonous and
might add. degrading life OF soldier. they lose
all capacity for sober employment and contract hab
its Of immortality too strong 10 be easily overcome.
The pay of = soldier, besides his food and clothing.
is scarcely enough ~ keep his pipe filed and
hence these numbers OF men. taken al an age when
they most liable 10 temptation. and being pre-
ven,ed by their means from maintaining shy others
than themselves. from all kinds OF Immoral connec
lions and frequently. led from step TO an
other commit crimes OF horrible nature.
Among the lsooring people, there Is the creates,
| reluctance 10 serving "a soldiers. ard numbers ~
Them leave the country solely on this account The
density OF the population has also obliged many 10
emsrste In q small town OF Baden. which pass
/, ed through last Summer there were no less thsn
/, two hundred persons preparing 10 leave; for IN
that fertile and beautiful country there was not work
| enough TO support them all
/ In Hungary and Bohemia (which, however. We
| do not usually consider as German, though they be-
long 10 Austria and were formerly part OF the great
! German Empire the peasants are still held as ieu'
dial se,f.. bought and sold with the land and some
times from noble 10 another In the latter coun-
try their condition is poor aud degraded in the
, treme One would hardly believe there was
much superstition snd depravisy left in civilized
! land Ii IS partly owing, undoubtedly, 10 the OPP
| preston which they are subjected TO The few for
ests throughout the country in the possession OF
the mobiles, and ss they Will not permit them 10 be