Wisconsin herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1846-1849, 1846-01-17

| Between IVA and l779, three exploring ex'
pedi,ions sent by Spain, assembled 10 the Goth
4 parallel
On the 18Th August. l777, Heceia, The cap
tain OF one Of the vessels Of the above expe'
di,ions, discovered the mouth of The Columbia,
and gave il the name Of San Rogue: he did
not, however. enter il.
To 1916. Cook sailed from England on a
voyage Of exploration, the peculiar limits Of
which. SO far as the north west coast was con.
cerned. were TO extend from the 45lh parallel
norihehy.
In April. l77s, he anchored in Nootka
Sound.
IN 1887 Berkeley. an Englishman, sailing
under Austrian colors, re discovered the south
eIn entrance Of the Strait of Fuca.
Ia 1883 Meares, an Englishman, settled
some men on Vancouver's Island, by permits.
sion of the chief, and erected a for,ifcalion.-
He also entered the bay at the mouth of the
Columbia. in search of the river San Rogue.
but left with the conviction tina, no such river
existed.
In 1890 Spain destroyed the settlement OF
Meares al Vancouver's Island. The Difficult.
ties between Spain and England on this subjec,
were settled by the Noo,ka Sound Convention,
which determined no title whatever. but ad-
mi,ed the right of both nations to trade and
settle.
In 1872, Kendrick, an American, the frs,
white man since Fuca, sailed through the Strait
of Fuca.
| In April, 1895. Vancouver. commander Of an
English expedition, visited the coast between
the 40lh and 48h degrees. and records his con.
vlction that between those parallels no naviga-
BILE stream existed large enough to float his
vessel. He persisted in This opinion after be-
ing informed by Gray, an American sea.captain,
Of his suspicion of The existence of a large
river between the 46ih and 47th parallels.
On the llih Of May, 1892, Gray sailed ten
miles up the Columbia.
Gray communicated his discoveries to Van.
couver, who sent 1t. Broughton in the Cha
than to explore it. Brough,on ascended it so
miles in his cutter, the navigation being too in-
iricate 10 take up the ship.
To 1899 Mackenzie, an Englshman. foated
$50 miles on the Frazer river, which empiies
into the Strait of Fuca.
10 1903 the United States purchased Louis.
lana.
In 1905 and g Lewis and Clarke crossed
the Rocky Mountains, explored the whole
country drained by the Columbia, and followed
that stream to its mouth.
In 1906 the English made settlements west
of the Rocky Mountains. but the Columbia
river never is proved 10 have been seen by them
till 1911.
Before 1910 the (AmericsD Missouri Com.
pany made settlement. On Lewis river, the
southern branch of The Columbia, which was
shortly abandoned.
In March. 1911. the Pacific Fur Company Of
New York sent the Tonquin with their agents
TO the Columbia. They landed and formed a
settlement a. Astoria, 10 miles from the mouth
of the river.
On the 18th Oct. 1913. three Of the part.
ners of the Pacific Fur Company sold the es-
,nbiisiIneut, furs aud e,oek in hand 20 the
Northwest Fur Company. While the trans
fer OF property was going on. an English vessel
of war. sent to destroy the American settle
ment, arrived; but as the property was then
British, departed, after substituting the British
for the American flag, and naming the place
Fort George.
In 1918 Astoria was restored under the Is,
Article of the Treaty of Gheni--the United
States leaving the question Of lille open, by
express understanding. f.
The whole territory in dispute is yet open
to join, occupation, by virtue of various con-
venions.
10 subsequent article we shall examine the
title conferred on each nation by the various
acts above enumerated. and shall endeavor to
give somewhat in detail. the substance of all
the treaties that bear upon the subject.