The Arkansas banner., 1846-02-04
PROSpFTITS
TO BE CALLED T ER kI [" NE0N.''
TO THE pURITC.

ANlNG purchased from Messrs. Blair and Rives n N the Whole establishment of the .tGiobe, We propose publishing at Washingtona paper to be styled THE "UNION."
 We approach the task before us with deep sense of the responsibility which about to assume, and not without much difidence of qualifications. We have some acquaintance indeed, with the duties o an editor of newspaper, but it was acquired upon other theatres, much more limited and less conspicu ous thanth Metropolis four conlederated and vide spread Republic.
 We can scarcely be charged with any inordiadte vanity in saying, that upon the success of our lns tutlons depends in great degree the destiny oi the oldest countries of Europe A distant postcrlty has
 deep interest in fate. The blessings of liberty are essential to the prosperity of the whole human race; and where arc they spread out on so large d field of action illustrated by many brilliant eX- ampes, as in these United States?
 We have only tu realize them m our own history, and in the happiness of our people, spread the flame ol Liberty over the EASTERN WORLD. We have only to pcrpetuate these blessings by preserving the sacred of States, and there IS no assgna- ble limit to the prosperity which we may enjoy, or the gores to which we may ascend in the scale of Nations We have already wrought miracles enough
 astonish the foreign tourist amid all his preJudccs, and to attract the curiosity ii no the admlralah ol Furope We have displayed the benefits of LIBERTY and of UNION in series of phenomena, which are almost calculated to surprise ourselves. What can he moro remarkable, even in the present day, than
 the sprit of enterprise and improvement winch per vades our States-the schools which they are erect
 np: the canals which they have executed; the more th3n 1000 miles of railway which they have con- strncted in less than twenty years the immense bod ies of land which they have redeemed from the Will derness: the towns which they have streWn over the Vest the multiplication oi our people from three 10 twenty millions of sonls the augmentation ol tne number of STATES from thirteen to twenty -hlhe, including the three new States of Florida, Iowa and ,,-hch ae Iyp write hope now pro- bably starting into exlstence'
 ssWestward the course of empire takes its way;
 The first four acts already past,
 A fifth shall close the drama with the day,
 Times noblest offspring is the last.
 It is principally the influence of the Free instu- lions we possess, and which were never dreamed oi more than a hundred years ago. by the phIosophlc author of these beautiful lines, that has wrought so many achievements here. Liberty ex:ltes man to think for himself to cast oil antlauated preJudlees, | and to start in career ol improvement. It opens besides in this country, as it were, new asylum to the oppressed of all nations, which Tn de- spite of the "Native American" preJudlces ol the day still continues to invite other people to cultivate our lands and contribute to our progress. It IS our free institutions more than any other cause, which drawing "the course of empire to lhe " ESl EhN WORLD.
 We live, too in an extraordinary age' Improve ment seems to be the order of the day. Science Is shooting forth in all directions. Art obtaining the most brilliant trumphs over NATURE. The age is advancing with the impeuosity of steam, to which it is so much indebted for it's progress. Commerce is expanding her wings under the impulse of new and stronger principle. There seems indeed to be no limit to the progress oi discovery Ana II IS III the midst of such age, and at the metropolis oi this great country, that we are about to erect our tent for the responsible purpose of maintaining the true prirciples of our institutions. We almost shrink back from the enterprise we have undertaken. But we at least bring to the task spirit that IS devoted 10 LIBERTY, to UNION, and to our COUNTRY; heart that is proud of the name of AMERIGAN-some little experience in business-a zeal that nothing can subdue and an industry that fears labor With
 these feelings we come to throw ourselves upon the
 befality of our countrymen. We trust that we shall receive if we deserve, their support. If we fail in an enterprise which might almost appal the soutes spirit they will at least be liberal enough to ascribe
 it to the want of power and not of will-to the head that guides us, and not the heart that impes us Ofone thing we may confidently assure the public we approach the task with the deepest reverence for the true theory of our political institutions. Our coniederatcd REPUBLIC IS making new and bold eXpermentin the SCIENCE ofGovERNMENT When we look to the original form of the Constitution, we are indeed struck with i. .aovety and beauty. We see in it an attempt to ascertain how far power can be so distributed between the two GOVERNMENTS as to prevent an ercesSire concentration and consequent abuse of it. ill the Federal arm; at the time that so much po,rer was conveyed to each, as to enable them to accomplish the objects to which each of them was best adapted.
 The FEDERAL Government was principally to watch 0ver our Foreign Relations; that of the States was particularly to take of our internal concerns.
 The Federal Government should have adequate powers to maintain the peace and the rights of the Union abroad; but at home, its office is to assist in binding the Union together, by the benefits which 1t showers around it, within certain prescribed limits leaving the great of local matters to the uris dcton of the STATES, which can better understand and more properly regulate them Keeping this gen. eral distinction in view, the Constitution has marked down the limits of the Federal power and it should be the duty of its authorities regously to preserve them. Dissolution on the one hand, and consollda- ton on the other, being the extremes which are to be carefully avoided the Constitution was so framed and the Government should be so administered, as whilst the Federal power exercises its legitimate
 unctions it should sacredly respect the RIGHTS of the States and the rights of the People. The Fede raj Government must, therefore, remember, that it has only certain limited powers which either speced in the Constitution itself or which may be unnecessary and proper" for carrying out the speci fled powers. It cannot pass these limits with inn punity. Itcaunot interpoate any powers by forced or factous construction, without producing some opposition from the parties to the compact or some remonstrance from the People.
 It would never do, indeed, to give an unlimited power to the Federal head the local interests of the several parts. Our country covers extensive empire. It embraces great variety of climates and soils, of occupations and of interests The obvious danger of too much Federal Legislation is of course
 that it may affect these different interests in a very unequal degree Whilst if seeks to administer the benefits to one section, il may impose burdens upon another. Nor does the mischief terminate here-
 Inequality produces complaint. The suffering States become dissatisfied. Que section not only murmurs about the partality shown to another, but against the Government which commits it. The Union itself is less respected, because of the injustice which it displays The only way of preventing these inju- ries and these complaints is to administer the Gov enment within the limitations of the instrument and
 in spirit which is calculated to equalize, far as possible, its benefits and its burthens amongst the whole UNION. In no other way can we prevent the Federal Government from rushing into schemes of consolidation, or the States into tendency towards dissolution If we permit the Federal Government systematically 10 adopt any rule of construction, which may enlarge its powers at the expense of the States, or of the people-if Congress may adopt any measure which they may fancy to be unnecessary and proper" then power may be so augmented as in the progress of time, to amount to consolidation. 7Hen we must extend the Executive Department to carry out these extended powers; hen as one of the cele brated resolutions of one of the first States in the Union showed in '99, we should gradually merge into a limited monarchy, flushed with power and fortified by patronage; or we must fly to the other fatal alternativewe must dissolve the UNION itself .- .l~o.t .l.NIT IT...-