Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1846-10-02

! Tics III "a. FROM lIJl. however. to the pros
ent day, there have never been less than three,
viz, ono for the HON, Department. one for For
cien A1,irs, and ono for tlln Colonies
Until about the year 1892, it was the practice
to describe the two Departments. one as North
crn. and the other Southern. but about that pc-
Rod those terms were discontinued and the duties
divided into "lIona" and "Forcrn:" the former
o!thcsr performed the duties Colonial : ,cr,tlry
till separate officer was permanently appointed
in l79l The Northern Dapartman, used TO in
cuIn Germany. D,nmprl. Sweden. po'inA. Rus
sia. g.. while Tire Southern included France
Switzerlqnl ltalr. Portugal. and Turkey. Tho
designation, at present in use of Home and For
een require no explanation.
in 1874. the increase Of business consequent
nDon tn war orc lsional The appointm II. OF the
Right Hon. Henry Dunlis, afterwards Wis
count Melville, rs Secretary of State for War:
an Office which must not be conloinlc with
That of Secretary at War IT, the year 1901.
the business occasionod by the Colonies was
transferred to the Secretary of State for the
War Department, and the two Offices have ever
since remained consolidated. Notwithstanding
an ate 1nt which was made in lolG to have this
third Srcretarvship abolished. Mr.. Tierncys
motion. in the House Of Commons. to this eF'ct.
was ncga'ivcd on the ground that. although the
war, for which the Office WIS established. had
ceased. vet the Colonial branch Of his business
was sufficiently important and extensive to re-
qnir, the undivided attention of a distinct
officer.
Elch department includes an extensive es-
tablishmont of under.Secretarcs and clerks
Nv bus;ross Of ,hc Home Dorart,ncnt is con-
dHeteI in whitehall, wh;'a tho Colonial and
Forei,rn Offices are in Downing street.
There arr, ol,orether six under Secretaries of
State. two for each Department. One OF these
two is rnnor,lly a member of Parliament. and
l. on,oint,J ar ras,,n. with the noI;.r,l M tv Of
which hn is \ mc,obar The other Secretary in
o,ch oqicoi i unaffected Inv ministerial chances
l.nl;, .Lo ,b.ancn of tha nr,rrinol : ,cr.tary he
- , o,,;o;oI ro,,r,so,,oti,.o n.t n. hi. roI;tic,l
aI,.,,,, - ,, ,,,i;.,,,,,,,tar, r,ro,, of.ha de-.
~ - ,'it H., inio!
l''r n, =, " "',''r ~ uJ'oi' g;,;,,o,o
Nv s.'r5'.yt" ie , II s"oo n T,l,,r W.
oo'JJ'"'! W 9".'J 1'i i0 m H. H.,
Tor whom ne may DC saa TO ACT II. an lF,s NJ, T-
""1 olI''o ~ r.. ',',.' y -'''
The Serreiarij-oi War is the medium Of COM
munir,-ion between the Army and the Govern
men, of the day. lust as the Aljutant-Gcncral is
the channe' OF intercourse letwecn the Conman-
der.in chief and the military forces of the coun-
try. His dqa"tment has an especial bearing
upon the financial portion CT the government o.
the Arml He is bound to give effect to the
orders of the ommandcr-n-chi,i. so long IS
| they are consistent with the known resources of
the service bat whcn they appear likely to oc-
cason an excess of expenditure, he refers Tor
further instructions to the Treasury, by whose
decisions he is bound to abide. Ills duty Is To
prepare the Army estimates, and lay them be-
fore Parliament he is always therefore
member Of the House of Commons. lie Is &C.