The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1846-07-01

years in the fire States Of Ohio Indiana illinois, Missise
sipp and Aiaeams would not amount in the aggregate
lands No lands would be renqushed in the States
Of Arkansas Missouri Michigan nor to the territories
OF Iowa and Wisconsin under this bill
Mr. JoHSsoN of Md, was not opposed to the gradua-
ton and reduction principles but after defining the proyi
sions OF the bill he said he understood that the law
going into effect the sale of the lands would
according to the cassic alton by which lands which
would otherwise bring 81 % or 81, would be sold for
% cents renquished at once to the States in which
they lie.
Mr. BRrrsr defended the provisions of the bill
Mr.. PEssrsAcxrR cpras.A % its classihcations
designed to go into simutahe, - alton
Mr'NLLrR expressed similar objections to the bill.
Mr.. CALHouN with some introductory remarks upon
the nexpediency ofthe BILL suggested the more feasible
arrangement of classification by periods of time from
and after the enactment of the law. For-instance, all
the public lands which have been in market for ten
years from the LIST March ls47 fix the price at 81 per
acre-for period of iour five years, extending to
1851 or 1884, let the price be IS cents and by Pc
RODS of four or five rom rs to so cents then to %
in which they may lie This was the principle he had
adopted in relation to the inundated lands the Misss
sipp, and it was the principle which he thought
Of time all the public lands might be sold at
dollar and quarter but the process would be too slow
riod of time In isIl he had examined this question of
reduction and graduation There were then 100 900 900
OF acres in the market covering surface equal to all
OF New England, New York. New Jersey, Pennsy lvanis
Delaware, Mary land, Virginia and part OF North Caro-
of these lands would be sold IS per The
system would work too rapidly for by it large amount
fixing reasonable periods of time for the graduation, "a
greater amount of revenue might be derived than from
crease to the revenue would be derived from the ncrsas
ed sales Under the existing system OF fixed regular
l60 and assuming that there will be sold
quantity equal to the gross receipts Of 81
into treasury would take so to absorb the whole
OF these lands Dcductng all discounts the nett profits
would not perhaps exceed 26 centsper Under the
graduation principle of four FIVE years to each CLASH
fcaon should from increased sales acquire greater
revenue than under the old system. He hoped some
such plan of graduation this would be adopted was
the old States a. early as practicable The old system
would but delay this contamination. lie hoped the SEN
ator from illinois would amend the bill to the principle
suggested othe rwise Mr.. Calhoun said he could not
give it his support
Mr. DAYTON modified his amendment so as that the
sixth class all lands which may have been IN marvel
for time exceeding thirty years should be sold OF ten
cents and not less
ver, Johnson of Md. Crittenden Jarnagn as also was
discussed the acts of surrender to Tennessee North Ca
rona and other old States, OF the public lands WITHIN
their borders.
Mr. CALHOUN, again rising said this was measure Of
lie lands were held by the Government as sacred
rustsecondly il was desirable that the public domain
should be disposed of as soon as possible Another great
point was the right of presumption In isao there were
thirty thousand s1uatters on the public lands IN somo
these people regarded ms Is the
their improvements, they were entitled to favorable
discrimination. In view of the importance Of the mes-
ing up an amendment to meet his views Nj Calhoun
moved that the bill he laid aside Informally for one day
Mr. BREEsE contendcd TINT tn. public domain not
coded to the for purposes Of general reve
nue. but to aid in the payment OF the public debt That
pose of them at the lowest From recent paper
from the General Land Office the amount Of the public
lands which had been sold was 365 acres; the
amount which the Indian title exngushed was
700 600 600 The three hundred and si>todd
millions of acres sold had netted % 40o cents per acre.
deductng all incidental expenses. clear amount to
the Treasury of $500 600 The Government could
thus afford he liberal in its future regulations for the
49, liz. fha
high One half tho l,nds unsoli in Illinois. were
remaining in the market on account Of the price The
and over, and nothing but the residuum was now
left He would rather give them away than dispose OF
In Difference however to the Senator from South Caro-.
lima Mr. Breese acquiesced to postponement Of the bill
for a day
And the bill was postponed to wednesday.
wAREHousISG
Mr. Dix gave notice that the Senate would meet to-
morrow at II o'clock he should move at II 70 take up
the warehousing bill
And motion Of Mr. Benton, the Senate went into
Executive session.
House of Representatives.
WASHINGTON, June %, l646.
THE TARIFF QUESTION.
The House resolved itself into Committee Of the
Whole the State OF the Union (r Cobb in the chair
and resumed the consideration OF the bill to reduce the
duties on imports.
MIR. TInBArrs of Kentucky, commenced by saying
that he 81 40 man but in consequence Of recent
events with regard to our boundary day freckoniRg
sre unwruna We have no more to fear from England
this continent than from Mexico and while we are
clustering about Mexico as an imbece nation we have
placed ourselves in humiiang attitude by surrender
ing to Grea! Britain rights We were told that Ju-
Illus Cesar would fight for the maintenance Of territory
against king much less surrender to queen We
once had Resident who never would have yielded
inch to any nation on the contrary he would have
st, to his mo M friends but he believed In
tariff for with determinations for protection
Buren, and Mr. Polk himself The question of power
seuledby the constitution He had many objec.
of isas which he enumerated As to the bill before
the committee, some OF its pro are equally o
jectionable He hoped therefore gentlemen " would
the whole none" LET the West 10 ok to it.leh
between the conflicting positions between the NoIh
and tho South she be ground between the upper and the
Mr. Payne of Alabama, would tell the gentleman
from Kentucky that there were two great parties-the
in favor OF tariff for the other in favor Of
protective policy. Like the gentleman, he occupied
middle ground. In all great questions presented he
took side the other and occupied position OF
betweenity.n The rates imposed by the bill before
the Committee will average wentyve per cent, and all
he asked a tariff for revenue-nothng less nor no.
thing more He denied the assertions of &c that
prices were reduced only on those articles on which the
duties were highest There was no duty on tea and
coffee and yet the prices on those articles had been re-
duccd since the act Of 1912 had been in operation The tax
for which gentlemen contended for the purpose oprotec
ton,woud come from the pockets ofthe consumer and 60
into those Of the manufacturers This BILL he repeated
laid average duty Of IS per cent, and afforded
protection to the amount of thirtyve forty per cent
Inc cost Oh gOOds from England 10 coun
try alone was not than fifteen per cent and in
chnery in every thing, with, perhaps the exceptiono
operatives had the advantage IT, with these in their
favor the manufacturers compete with Great Br
tain their business ought to be abolished. He advoca
ted a upon and coffee which articles OF uni
versal consumption and it would be borne most cheer
fully at this time by every patriot He took the tariff
from 1900 to 1907 for the purpose OF comparison. In
these years with duties Of from five to fifteen per
cent the revenue sI4, ls5,086 per annum Two.
thirds of this from articles which paid only five per
ccnt--two dollars and sixty eight cents per head
population five million three hundred thousand peo
pie From 1924 TO 1881, years, when the popula
ton had doubled the revenue had increased TO S32 69
5al-a falling off to one dollar and seventy two cents
per head Under law duties the tax per head two
dollars and sixty eight cents under high duties dollar
and seventy -two cents. He would take the amount
of population from the passage of the act Of lSa2 10 the
prese time eighteen millions FIVE hundred thousand
ITO put il down twenty millions would make the
gument stronger) The whole average amount Of re-
$40 i3 635 for three ears and the tax