State journal & flag., 1846-11-13

holding ground, and on all It's shores are coves
in which vessels Of any tonnage may lie
snug and secure from storms, within ca
be's length of the land. In the N w. corn.
err of the Bay in the inlet OF the Rio Sacre-
mento. 1t is about one and three fourth
miles wide for the distance of seven miles.
and then spreads Out into bay seven miles
wide, and twelve in length, when il narrows
down to four miles for the distance Of two
miles and half, then widens 10 seven or
eight miles the distance ofcleven miles, with
islands in the GENRE, then narrows TO four
miles for the distance Of three miles, and
then it widens into bay about twenty miles
north and south, and about The same distance
east and west, studded with nine islands.
On the east of t, between the mouth of The
Sacramento and the Bay, lies one about fif
teen miles in length, N E. and S w, and of
a breadth varying from three miles 10 Ten.
A II these islands are low and marshy. Ga
the southern point of this large island comes
in the Rio S IN Joaquin, and on the northern
point of it is the northern mouth Of the Sac.
ramento.
ION the south side OF the promonotory on
which stands the fort, Castillo do San Fran.
cisco, is little village called Yerba Bueno.
As the harbor in which foreign vessels refit
and purchase supplies lies in front Of Yerba
Bueno it will scarcely be imparting any fact
not legilimaey inferablc from their known
character, 10 say thai the Yankees have built
of the Kings and noble; of the old Saxon
Heptarchy, knighted and ennobed anew by
the physical and mental conques;s over the
wilderness Of America and over the oppres.
sions of their Mormon conquerors, the reign
ing families and mobiles of Great Britain
have built up an empire of mind on which
the sun never sets. In the Bay of San Fran.
cisco is Yerba Bueno. In The Sandwich
Islands nation is spoken into being. The
Chinese seas are burdened with its ships. On
the coast Of Africa the emancipaled slave
unfurls the banner of Freedom over the for.
tunes Cf an independent national existence,
and almost the entire habilable parts OF this
great continent are enjoying the impulses to
human Freedom which the American Sax
ons sent out 10 the race on the Fourth Of
July, l776. These Yankees at Yerba Bus
CIV Sfhp'oy ib itiSi
istic business of doing everything.
"The surprising beauty and magnifcence
of this harbor of San Francisco can never
be properly estimated by being viewed from
the land. One must approach it from the
sea /; have full view of the lofty shores
nor h and south, rising at intervals into
lofty peaks girded at their bases with prim.
eval forests If evergreen cedars and pines
mottled with the boughs of the oak, the ash,
ard the plane. The bar which springs from
the northern headlands of its entrance, and,
running beneath the blue waters OF the Pa
ciic from five TO nine fathoms, causes belt
of surf 10 roll across the mouth, must be
passed. A breeze must bear your bark over
and along the dangerous rocks three quar-
tiers of mile inside on the right, quarreing
with the surges; and onward four miles be-
tween the projecting cliffs, overhanging
peaks and yerdant woodlands filled with
starting deer and other game, 10 the harbor
at the narrows beneath the fort; and thence
onward still past the tort and The islands ly-
ing. across the entrance and the Bay is
seen broad sheet of water stretching off,
north and south, the largest and bes. barber
Of the earth, surrounded by a country, part.
ly wooded,and partly disposed in open glades
and Prairies Of the richest kind, covered
with the focks and herds Of the Missions.
and deer, and elk, and bears. And amid
The beautiful hills of the south and east are
Santa Clara, Ell Pueblo San Jose, and Mis-
sion San Jose and on the southern PENN.
sua. five miles wide, in San Francisco,
Yerba Bueno, the trading house of the Hud.
son Bay Fur Company. the Preside and
the Castillo; on the northern peninsula is
San Rafael, and in the north San Francisco
Solano group Of beauty and grandeur,
that knows no superior in any cline. y
Fdrnham's Travels.
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INFLUENCE CT RAILROADS ON THE WEA.
TlIER.-The German Schnellposl SAYS that
the well known natural philosopher, DR.. Au.
gust, has made a communication in Ber-
lin paper, in which he states that when an
extended portion of the earth's surface is
brought by net of railroad tracks into
connection Of electrical conductors, The &C.
emulation Of electricity in the lower part of
the atmosphere is prevented, as the iron
tracks effect constant electrical equilibri.
UNI between remote regions. By This means
a violent storm is rendered unlikely, and if
one should arise, it would undergo consid
cradle diminulion. The doctor states it as
fact, that since Berlin has become the
focus of several railroads, there have been
no violent storms and all that have arisen
there,'had rapid and gentle termination
Mobile Herald.
Coon REAsoNING.-C Commodore Sloai,
on receiving information of the battles on
the Rio Grande, was placed quite diem
ma, havingIthe unfortunate example of Com.
modore Jones before his eyes to warn against
any extra responsibility and on the other
hand, the shocking derection of duty that
would be charged on him, should it turn oul
that war in fact existed, and he failed to
act. He argued, however. that it was bet.
ter to be condemned for doing too much.
than for too little that if the country on
the east of the Rio Grande belonged to the
United States, it was plain that Mexico had
invaded our territory. and he had right, be.
ing in the public service. TO- retaliae, and
invade hers. II on the contrary, the dispu-