davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New era. [volume] ([Portsmouth, Va.]) 1845-1847, 1846-03-31
From the Richmond ENQUIRER,
DUTY OF AN AMERICAN pREs,nRN1

The speech of Mr.. Haywood in the Senate.
which produced so much excitement at The lime
when it was delivered, has been published in The
Washington papers. 1t will be remembered.
that the point which attracted the deepest atten
lion was the supposition that Mr.. H. spoke as
the exponent of the Presidents views and mr.
pUses in reference TO the Oregon question. This
speech carefully published by the Senator. ex
pressly dlsavows any authority 10 speak for the
President. He maintains that it is no, at ALI
upon personal Information received, blu, upon the
public messages of the President and The accom-
panying historical events, that he formed the de-
cided impression that the President was in favor
OF adjusting the controversy upon the 49lh de-
gree. Such compromise he thinks the P.es
dent, as Tho Executive oflhis Republic, is bound
to agree to.
Mr.. III. dwells with emphasis upon the nre.
vlous negotiations on this subject, all of which
have gone so far as to exhibit a willingness to
adjust the difficulty upon the 10Th parallel.
which, if effected, Mr. H. argues, would have
been regarded as almost a triumph. The mi
vale opinions Of the President in the oninon
of MIR. H., should be no rule of action in such
cases:
1.-The men who become Presidents of the Re-
public are always changing-they live and die
but the Republic is the same at all times and
once committed by the public faith and honor TO
do or moi TO DO, even the people cannot release
the obligation by any thing short of revolution, if
they could by such erireme measure as that.
The question, then, is not, and was not. n new
one to the Administration"
In continuation Of his views of the Presidents
position. suggested by his own differences from
the official character OF the Executive, Mr.. II.
employs the following strong language:
a" honor the statesman who can 90 whittier
the honor Of his country carries him. lorgetfnI of
himself and his personal convenience, or the con-
sistency of his mere opinion. Had Mr. Polk re-
peaied his opinions of our clear and unquestion-
able title Tor an ofnlen to his daily prayers for
years and years together, it would still have been
the duty of the PRESIDENT 10 90 the line of 40
degrees as compromise, if he believed, as he
says he did, that his country was committed.
and the honor and faith of the nation bid him 90
there. 1t is still his duty to do it, if he sincerely
believes what he saws"
The New era. [volume] ([Portsmouth, Va.]) 1845-1847, 1846-03-31

for our united, vigorous and perseverng Efforts
thoroughly to complete the work, whose end is
alike the glory Of God and the good of man.
Resolred. That this meeting cordially invite
Mr.. Cough TO be amoug us on the 4th day ofJuly
next. W. A. SMITH, Chairman.
The Letter Of the Committee of the Citizens
of Lynchbnrg TO Mr.. G. gives US The following
result of his labors in that town.
Number of men, women and chill
dren who during the last week
have taken the pledge of Total
Abstinence LAS
Ladies Total Abstinence Sucie-
" neutrality-suspicious. 215
A Young Mems Total Abstinence
Socieiy-do- SIS
Chd's Cold Water Army
Colored Converts 255
Such are the happy fruits of zeal and elcquence
well employed in the cause of humanity
The New era. [volume] ([Portsmouth, Va.]) 1845-1847, 1846-03-31
TO OUR MECHANICS.

we would refer such of our mechanics. as are
ont OF employment, to the advertisement of the
Secretary of the Treasury in to.day's paper,
calling for Proposals for the work to be executed
on the two iron Revenue steamers, now con-
struc'Ing at Richmond and Pittsburg This is
the manner in which such contracts should be
called for, as it enables each mechanical branch
to bid for their particular share, and defeats the
necessity of throwing the whole into the hands of
some moneyed contractor. who, to make money
out Of a low bid, will screw the mechanic down
to the lowest possible wages. There is an ener-
getic and noble fellow at the Head of the Revenue
Bureau, in the Treasury Department, Capt. A.
V. Frazer, to whom we think our friends are
indebted for this plan of Proposal, and we trust
they will bid for it, and execute the work in such
manner, as to sustain their own characters, and
confirm his Judgment in the matter.
The New era. [volume] ([Portsmouth, Va.]) 1845-1847, 1846-03-31

~ with profit. Its philosophy generally is sound,
It's morals good. We say, then we regret this
strain OF sophisry, sarcasm and ridicule, thrown
upon several mechanical branches, which are in
terested IN preventing convict prison labor from
coming into competition with the free vrtuons
labor of the land There is no danger of convict
coming in competition with farmers, merchants.
lawyers, physicians, and clergymen, but they do
come in competition with black.miihs, shoe ma
kers, stone cutters, weavers, Sc, and produce
much distress among these trades people, in the
vicinity of states prisons and peni,en,arics, by
the convc, labor under selling the work of the
honest, independent mechanic We have seen its
deeerious effects in Washington City, particu-
larly, and we think the Legislature of the State of
Mississippi ought 10 be applauded fer the action
they have taken on this subject II is but little
punishment TO our convicts to be well housed and
led, II they are constantly employed in any handi-
craft, hut what bitter, desoate estate would
that be, when, from day to day they received
their supply of food, and were then to be left in
solitary confinement and idleness--it would be
punishment indeed and was this policy strictly
followed, we have no hesitation in affirming, tina,
crime would be found TO decrease in ten years.
some fifty or seventy five per cent. Besides, the
states prison convict is an offender against the
laws and welfare of the whole people, and all
should bear equally the expense of bis ncarcera-
tlon-but they do not equalize the burthen, if
the convlcts are allowed to earn their living bv
robbng certain trades of the legitimate fruits of
their labor. We hope the Ledger will review
this subject, and retrace the false step has made
in this particular.-.Ne,u Era
The New era. [volume] ([Portsmouth, Va.]) 1845-1847, 1846-03-31
THE WEEKLY SUPPLY.

BY Messrs. Hodges & Co, from the Harpers
literary and swelling fountain is laid on our table
We have first to notice an admirable work. bv
ID. P. Gardner, NJ. D., entitled the farmers
Dictionary, vocabulary of The technical terms
recently introduced into Agriculture and Horti-
culture, from various sciences, and also Com
pendulum Of Practical Farming" This work
shows the advance and dignity of the science OF
Husbandry, and should meet with rapid sale
throughout the country.
No TX, Of Harpers New Miscellany, is com
posed Of Narratives Of Criminal Trials" from
the German. It struck us as indeed " remarka
BILE" selection for this Miscellany but from its
very singularity, we have no doubt it will create
an extensive demand
No. rs, Of the Library of Select Novels con
tans the "FIirtations Of jessie" by the author
Of " Kate in Search of a Husband" if this last
equals the former it will prove popular and
profitable publication
The Young Duke" by D'Israeli, fills III,
Pocket Edition, No. 10.
Nos. II and Is Of Hampers Library of Select
Novels. The Step Mother, by G. p. r James
Again the Messrs. Harper have given Us some
thing really worth reading. The talented author
Of this work is great fayorite Of ours, and r.
minds us more often Of The late Sir Waller Scott
than any other writer extanL His description 0,
The New era. [volume] ([Portsmouth, Va.]) 1845-1847, 1846-03-31

Of The vast military preparations going ON in
England with a view 10 war with this corn.
try, Europe has been amazed at onr want or or
cr9y in the same way, and laughs at our su
p'neness, or rather want of sincerity i'm our de-
ca;a'ions TO maintain our rights in Oregon, which
we have so enthusiastically pu, forward repeated
ly, in every public and private way that We
could.
Gen. Cass, in his remarks to-day, said, in re.
terence to these recommendations of the Presi
dent. that he had done all in his power 10 have
them carried into effect, but that they had siep,
the sleep of death since they had 90, into the
hands of the Committee on Military Affairs, and
1t they were TO he resusciaied, he had much RI
Their 1t be done by the Presidents Message than
by the sound of British cannon. hope now.
since the President has walked up at last TO The
danger of further proscrasiination in fur,ifyinp
our frontiers, that Congress will sink all par,y
and petty jealousies, and 90 in for the PASSAGE
OF such measures will show to Europe, and
the world an undivided front 1t is the way 10
stave off war. because the enemy is calculating
greatly upon the division among the people upon
this Oregon question, and do not think we are Sc
rIous in our declarations TO take possession of that
territory. ARIEL.
The New era. [volume] ([Portsmouth, Va.]) 1845-1847, 1846-03-31
THE CHEROKEES.

Inc following extract from paper published on
the borders of The Cherokee country. and within
thirty miles of the scene of outrage indicates fur
Their violence among that unhappy people The
Cherokees IN this city, we understand, believe in
The rumor OF Ia-ka-tau ka's death, and entertain
the most gloomy apprehensons for the future If.
as is supposed, the buildings burnt are on the Ar
kansas side OF the line, the interference of the
citizens OF that State is much to be apprehended.
The interests of humanity esy aloud upon our
government TO put an end TO the existing state of
things in the Cherokee country by the most prompt
and energetic measures.
James Starr, it will be recollec,ed, was prom
Inent member of the treaty party, who, with his
infant son. was so inhumanly murdered on the 9th
If November last, by an armed banditt. Less
than this act of retaliation could not have been ex
pected IN The absence of all legal measures TO
punish his murderers
The New era. [volume] ([Portsmouth, Va.]) 1845-1847, 1846-03-31
POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY.

The Legislature Of Mississippi have prohibited
the cOnvics in lis State Prison from pursuing me-
chanlcal labor. We take for granted that this act
was passed upon the petitions of complainants
against State Prison work" The mechanics
Of Mississippi have probably denounced the " State
Prison monopoly" as injurious to their business.
and have therefore asked for protection under
prohubitory duties! What an admirable com.
ment is this upon their doctrine of free trade !!
Upon their complaints against legislative n,onopo-
lies, legislation for the exclusive benefit of mar
ficUtar classes
1t the convicis are prohibited from mechanical
labor, they have no other resources than apricul-
tural, commercial and professional. Driven out
OF the mechanic trades, shall they become plan
ters and raise cOttOn2 This will rouse the COTTON
planters to petition against The unjust Compel
ton of States Prison cotton, and the result will
be another effort Of legislative wisdom in ex-
GLIDING the convcts from agriculture. Shall they
resort to commerce. This will cause SLATE
Prison competition with the merchants and ira
ders, and demand from them for the suppression
of the unjust monopoly. Shall they practise
law, physic and divinity2 We admit that some
within the prison might do these things as skill
fully and honestly some few without But
would not those without have reason to COMPLAIN
ofthe unjust competition ? We should soon see
petitions from bars, medical societies. COLLEGES and
classes of students, synOds, conventions associa
tons and unsociatIons, against unjust interfer-
ence, by conUict labor, with their pested riGbfs
If such remonslrances against convict labor are
fair for mechanics, they are fair for agriculturiss
merchants and professional men and if they
wonld be absurd for farmers, merchants. lawyers,
physicians and cleTgymen, as we " 6auer oursel~
yes" with having shown, they are equally so for
mechanics We may add that exclusion Of con-
vicls from mechanic trades, excludes them from
an ample field Of honest livelihood after their lin
eraiiOn and therefore is serious obstacle In tbe;r
reformation. We regard these complaints against
convict labor as ridiculous and cruel, as PROMPTED
by the most illibersl spirit Of monopoly, and there
fore as douby ridiculous and even insolenf. in the
professed advocates Of free trade. They are bad
enough in the advocates ofprotection.
We regret to see such an argument az the
above in the Philadelphia Ledger, paper which
we look into always with pleasure, and frequent-
The New era. [volume] ([Portsmouth, Va.]) 1845-1847, 1846-03-31
DoWLING's HISTORY OF RoMANIsM

We have received through the Publisher, Mr..
Edward Walker, No. | ID Fulton street, New
York, book entitled, "The History Of Roman
ism, from its earliest Origin to the Present Time.
by the Rev. John Bowling, A. NJ" 1t is eIe.
gany printed, on excellent paper, and illustrated
with fifty finely finished wood engravings. This
work is highly recommended by all the Protestant
Churches, and many Of our brethren of the Press
speak of it in very fla,tering terms. We cannot,
however, give. it our approval, as it is in our opn
ion, partial, unfair, and ungenerous compilation,
not being true history of the Roman Catholic
Church, but compilation of every thing that is
abhorrent to religion, morality and humanity.
which has been enacted by that Church from its
commencement, but leaving out every thing that
10 good, noble, and wise, which the world is in
debted to it for. We have no disposition to dis
Pute the facts arayed by Mr.. Bowling, but we
do affirm, that the same atrocities may by cited
against the Protestant Church; and we further
assert, that such war of letters will not advance
the cause Of virtue, Christian forbearance. and
brothery love.
The New era. [volume] ([Portsmouth, Va.]) 1845-1847, 1846-03-31
THE MARES NEST, AND ALL THE
EGGS

We give the following correspondence of the
Baltimore American, as copied from the Norfolk
Herald oil this morning, in order to show what
wing facts are made of In the first place " the
Naval Committee was mol ready and anxious to
report" Tom Butler King, whig, was anxious
to make verbal statement which the House
would not receive, and Tom withdrew the letter
of the Secretary, in order to make out written
report. With regard 10 the amount stated by
this wing spy, as being recommended to be ex-
pended, in vessels, we cannot say, but we should
be well pleased 10 know that the Secretary had
recommended at least quarter of the sum. This
6ndcr of mares nests did not probably recollect
that the Army and Navy both, were, by the
Constitution, under the control of the President
WAsHINGToN. March 27.
The secret estimates of the Naval Bureau and
Secretary of the Navy we're in the House this
morning, and at one time upon the Speakers Ia
BILE. The Committee on Naval Affairs were rea
dy and anxious TO report, but the majority took
the matter into their own hands, and refused Ia
allow the reports 10 be read. The information.
however, can give you.
The information, then, which the House de-
signed to keep secret is the fact that the esmat es
were made by the Heads Of the Naval Bureaus.
CONS. Morris, Warrington, Crane and Shubrick
proposed, under estimates prepared by the Sec
rotary of the Navy, the following increase of the
Navy:
In men, thirty sic thousand eight hundred.
Expenditure, 5000, 100000
And the increase of the vessels in commission
TO the following number:
Steamers, do
Frigates, 40
Shops of war, so
An increase of fifty eight vessels of Trar in all.
The Secretary of War did not go This extreme,
but proposed an increase of fifty thousand 10 the
Standing Army; the whole force to be under The
control of the President Of the United States.
The New era. [volume] ([Portsmouth, Va.]) 1845-1847, 1846-03-31
From the New York Herald.
WASHINGTON, March "a,

WASHINGTON, March "a, 1916.
The Special Message of The President-T The
Crisis in Our Relations Nth ENGLAND and
the iOIlole World.
1t will be remembered that some five or six
weeks since announced the probability of the
President transmitting to Congress in a few DAYS
thereafter, paper OF the same sort as that sent
In to-day. II was his intention then to do so, and
he had so informed some of his Sd 40 friends
bat other influences were Immediately brought to
bear upon him, which caused suspension of that
design until the present time. The recent des-
patches of Mr.. McLane TO tho Secretary of
State, which say that England has come TO the
determination TO make no more offers, have forced
Mr.. Polk to recommend the adoption of precau-
tlonary measures of security for the country, in
case OF an attack from an enemy, which he ought
to have done at a much earlier period
England, as have said, for so says Mr.. Nc
Lane in his letters to this government, by the
Hbcrnia, will make no more offers to US about
settling the Oregon question She will allow us
to 90 on and give the notice, pass our laws for
the protection Of our citizens in that territory ,s
she has done, or do any thing else that we NAV
Of right do in accordance with the provisions n
the treaty but the moment we come into conflict
with what she considers her rights there, we
will have to Try our strength with her for the
possession of them This is the sum and sub
stance OF the last adyices from our Minister at
London.
The country will therefore perceive, that not
wlthstanding the efforts Of few presses to crv
down the resolutions of enquiry into the military
condition Of the country, submitted to the Senate
ON the 18th December last by Gen. Cass. that
that gentleman was right in the views which bo
then took, as we'll as ever since, of the state of
our foreign affairs. Whatever might have been
the motives OF those who then assaed his reso
lutions-if they were Of partizan nature--it is
clear now that the exigencies Of the case dem,ny
dcd the enquiry which they embodied. WIZ
they have been permitted TO sleep for so lone =
time IN the hands Of the Committee on MiIIs,v
Affairs, have not been able TO ascertain ; but i
has been 50, and regret it, because, in the face
The New era. [volume] ([Portsmouth, Va.]) 1845-1847, 1846-03-31
Respectfully, &C.,
New HoLLrDAYsBURG HUNTINGDON Co. ,
March 10 fSd6

DEAR SIR: would be under MANY oblipatiops
to you if you would forward me some additional
copies of Mr.. Walkers Report. A very preat in
terest IS manifested here on the subject of the
tariff, and hundreds have been heard IN express
themselves favorable 10 the improvements in the
tariff suggested by Mr.. WaIker-persons too,
who have heretofore held opinions at war with
the grand principles laid down by that Eavorile
son pennsylvania. You know that nv location
IS IN the immediate neighborhood of DIR. Shom-
bergers large ion establishments and have
watched the manner the tariff operated mon the
aborIng classes and in no instance have I ever
known one man TO leave these works with one
dollar above his debts and indeed il il easily ac-
counted for, Viz-foT every necessary article Of
consumption they are obliged to pay the proprie-
tors four or FIVE times its value For instance:
can afford, and am in the daily habit of doing it,
TO sell my pork at three cents and beef two cents
per b., whereas the iron master sells his at twelve
and six cents per ID, to his hands. These are
facts that can be substaniated by tho OBLIGATION Of
an oath, IT necessary, (and our representative tho
Hon John Blanchard could endorse it, If he wish
ed j and Yet me assure YOU as certain as that death
VIII Oyertake Us all, that the masses are not TO be
gulIed by demagogues any more. Next fall will
test and confirm what say to you now. The whole
tariff question is now being understood and !
hazard nothing in saying that no state aper has
ever engaged so great and universal favor as Nj
Walkers report among the farmers Of Pennsylga-
MIA State which is proud Of him-proud to cali
him her soma State, too, which he has brought
from darkness TO light, and upon which he has
conferred, and is now comforting, favors not to be
lightly appreciated or easily forgotten.
Truly, your friend, j. J. Missy.
The New era. [volume] ([Portsmouth, Va.]) 1845-1847, 1846-03-31
sF We are authorized to an
THE MARSHALL INSTITUTE.

The Address which was advertised to be de
llvered before this Society on last Tuesday Even
n.y. by DIR. VIM. N. McKenhey, was postponed
on account ofthe very inclement weather, until
this evening; when, weather permitting, treat
Will be served up that those of refined taste will
delight TO participate. The Hall of the Metho-
dist Protestant Church will be- crowded
The New era. [volume] ([Portsmouth, Va.]) 1845-1847, 1846-03-31
TEETOTALLER'S MEETING

Mr. j. Walsh, Professor of Phrenoogy, will
deliver an Address on Temperance before the
Young Mems Society, To-Morro,v Erening, in
the basement of the Baptist Church. We hope
the Hall may be crowded, as the address, we feel
confident, will be chaste and powerful appeal to
the reason. All are invited, friends and oppo-
nents.
The New era. [volume] ([Portsmouth, Va.]) 1845-1847, 1846-03-31
THE TARIFF.
WAsHINeroN CRY, March q

"ASHIN1TUN OITT, March 70, 1916.
To The Editor Of the Union:
Being in the receipt ofseyeraI letters this week
from good substantial farmers of PENNSYLVANIA, |
would thank you to publish the enclosed one in
to morrow's paper-the others will bs reserved
for next week. This writer now but speaks the
sentiments Of nine tenhs oG that class of citizens
of Pennsylvania, although hundred ofthem-yea,
lhousands-were grossly deceived in the fall Of
1874.
Respectfully, &C., M.
The New era. [volume] ([Portsmouth, Va.]) 1845-1847, 1846-03-31

Posltlyeness is most abused foibIe Ifyou ore
light, 1t lessons your triumph, il in the wroag'"
b dds shame to your defeat
The New era. [volume] ([Portsmouth, Va.]) 1845-1847, 1846-03-31

We regret to see such an argument az the
above in the Philadelphia Ledger, a paper which
we look into always with pleasure, and frequent
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1846-07-02
THE ELoQuHNCE OF MOTION.

VIM. G. PRfsroN--Eyery one has read Of
the action, action, action of DEMosTHENEs,
and Of what a variety Of emotions and passions
Roscius could express by mere gestures; let
II not be supposed, however, that such perfec-
tons Of art belong to the ancients only. The
following anecdote Of w. G. PRrsroS, is illus
rative OF our remark:
Some years ago. among thousand Of 9TH
ers, we were listening to one of his splendid
harrangues from the stump. Beside us was
one, as deaf as a post, in breathless attention,
catching apparently every word that fell from
would roll down his cheeks, and now in an
ungovernable ecstacy, he would shout out APP
plause, which might have been mistaken for
the noise of small thunder storm.
At length PREsroS launched out one Of
those passages OF massive defamation which
those who have heard him know him to be so
capable Of uttcring. la magnificent splendor
II was what BYRoS has described the noun.
tain storms Of Jum. lis effect upon the null
titude was like a whirlwind. Our deaf friend
could contain himself no longer; but bawling
into our ear, as if he would blow il open with
a tempest, "who's that speaking z" cried he.
"WM. c. PREsTos," replied we---as loud
as our lungs would LEI us.
"WhoP enquired he still louder than be-
fore.
"WM. C. PRFsroS,of South Carolina re-
piled We, almost splitting our throat in the ef.
fort.
"Well well l"-returned he-"I can't hear
darn word he or YOU are saying, but great
,Jerico don't he do the motions plendid7"--
South Ca,oiaaiaa