Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-09-08
WIN. II. CABELL,
WIN. WRIT,
WIN. FOUSHEE, SR.,
PEYTON RANDOLPH,
THOMAS RITCHlEn

nions-yet gong one men peyonu nun. nc
great principle which he lays Gown, and as y is
adopted By The Free Trade Convention oil Phila-
delpha is, that each man is better Judge oil his
own interests than The Government can be, anu
that The inleres, Of The whole community is made
up of The interests Of the several uaits-iha IN
diviiualsw find out Tor themselves, sooner Than
The Government can, whether il is best iof them
10 raise produce from the land, or work raw ma
lerials into manufactures
An important political change, however came
over the country towards The close OF Mr.. Jetier-
Mr.. Madison's. These two statesmen iiau 10,
some time been under the impression, maj instead
OF going 10 war with England, II was oeIIcr 10
brine her 10 her senses and obtain justice al her
hands nv restrictions upon her commerce. MT.
Jefferson had adopted this policy IN some q his
repor,s as Secretary OF State Nr. MADISON
had in The same spirit, brought forward MS CEN
brated resolutions OF u. Carrying ou' 'hcSe
IDEAS Mr.. Jefferson proposed, during his admin
isrra,ion the virtue of This experiment upon The
Augmented agsressions OF England; ard finally
The same coerciye system was extended 10 The re-
talia,ory decree OF France. The consequence
was first an embargo, and then The various laws
restricting The commercial intercourse win these
Epronean powers. Commercial restrictions be-
came thus, in fact, a substitute ior war-in-
deed. as many called the system war measure.
II miob, have been successful, but Tor the secret
operations OF active smugglers and The discon-
tent Of a large proportion OF The Eastern people.
This thing, however, took place. ! nc hoineh'
the system went into effect, foreign Soous De-
came dearer-and domestic MANUFACTURES were
resorted TO as a substitute. Many OF Inc oesI Pd-
triots Of the land began TO wear domestic CLONES
and even 10 drink domestic wines. Bat The de-
mand increased-and instead OF limiting The ma
nufac,ures to domestic labor. and The spinning
wheel. and the single loom, factories began 10
rise IN. with their complicated apparatus oi SPIN
nino ennies and water power. We reco!lect ve-
~ well how. under this feeling the first attempt
ot BENJAMIN ]. Harris, Esq, 10 establish cot
ton mill on the banks OF the James River Canal,
was hailed with satisfaction. Every one VINO
was interested in The result oi Tins quasi war mea
sure sympalhised with The rising factories OF lhe
land and wished them success. They continued
IA increase upon US, until The end Of the war.-
They multiplied the more, OF course, during the
war. The idea was, al first, 10 contlne The manu-
f,clnres We wanted to domestic labor-and, when
manufactures appeared, 10 encourage them only
by an active consumption oil lheir prouucls.-
Ru first we were told, that many would not en-
gage in them. until they received some protection
from increased duties-and when the capital was
Inns invested that il was right, for some time al
least ITO preserye and promote the manufactures
which had sprung into existence. -hr. .haat-
sons Message of Feb. 1915 Yet, here was inc
difficuliy-how 10 protect these whicn were ~
existence, without inviting TURNER caPital ~ NC
tac,;,ionsiv invested in additional manufactures
Such was The course OF eVeh's d. mat
period of our history.
II was in the midst of these stringent CONNER
cial restrictions, which were regarded as pre-
yenliye against The distresses OF war, mat Inc
meeting was held in Richmond, and The Address
was nnblished from which the above is an ex-
tract The great principle OF Free Trade be-
came modified by the pressure oil me penang
crisis. and The COMMITTEE we're prevailed upon 70
add. as a last resort, proposition 10 lay Kramer
HIGHER duties" (of course, than those which men
exsled.) 40 r
light has since been shed upon Inc excuses OF me
Protective system, and upon The dangers OF vio-
la,ing the great principle Of Free Trade "Ra-
tIcy 5,gLcr dutiesn was the expression. But "fa-
ncr Iieher" certainly did moi make them nearly
.Sb;o5 nc they have been from The Taritfof 1916
n tba, of 42 The duties were then, and down
IN 1919 never as high as 20 per cent. They va
r;ed from : 10 l5-the average not more Than l3s,
and his loo. after they had been raised "raher
hiaber u anon, The times TO watch we reier 10
com nensate The reader Tor this dull narrative, by
oivino him something more substantial, we lay
before him brief and very seneraI summaiy
Of the earlier Revenue laws The U. ), prepared
BY friend from the laws themselves. They
viii show how the snow ball has continued 10 &C
cnmulate. unlilils mass had become inolera6le
for then came the "Bll Of denominations" OF
2s and The rather modified law Of -, and then
Mr. Claws Compromise Act OF '3s, and then the
act ri a. which violates his solemn pledge, and
nToe,ra,es the Compromise act of '33:
Preference 10 The Document, struck by the last
'' Congress embracing all the revenue laws that
nave bsen passed, with the votes, pro and con,
of boh Houses Of Congress:
1lst pase-Preamble-recitcs,' ii IS necessary,
among other things, for the encouragement aud
nrotection OF manufactures This act passed
June 9Th, l7ss-ayes and noes in neither House
'1 a2nd. Page 66-Ac, of August 9Th, 1890
Preamble recies that Of The act OF June l1ih,
l7S9, and adds, 'and, whereas, the support OF 90
vernmen,. and the discharge OF the said debts,
render il necessary 10 increase the said duties.
5iark this law drops, as one Of its purposes, The
encouragement and protection oil MANUFACTURES.
ye, further mark The 7th section, page to, where
i nrovides that the duties are 10 be collected and
naid until the debts and purposes for which they
are are pledged and appropriated shall be fully dis
chorgedn