The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1846-04-25

" B'o0 "~s " -
duties on ,ohsa &C. upon The trade and business q
Nsi0 York, and the State easaL.-Csn be Neounis'
acted By al amendment Of the inland transit dra"
back bh 50 as 10 admit Canadian Wheai, Hour d''o
other produce 10 pass through the STATES Jon sTpoTta
ton free Of all duty v-Ffsxh much less from Ne"
York TO Liverpool than from Montreal 10 me sah''
poini.-Insuranes vessels also kss.-JhoTirea
anIio,s 10 regain the trade e Upper Canada, diperta
under dra,obaek transportation through Nso f0,h
from the 81. LaVrenes.--Jur Whsshorighi -Candi'
dates for the convention. Consumption Of eotte"
oper the Vorid-Cassss Of iis tliurs increase, Se.-
Possible srieri.-C alal brsaks.--Jnpksts, &c. .
alluded Yesterday to the important proposition
before the Canadian Parliament for the abolition OF
all duties on wheat land -four ground from 1t In
Canada) designed for expectation TO Great Britain
and stated its probable injurious tendency upon the
business of the canals and export trade OF New
York. Since the passage Of the inland drawback
bill at the last session Of Congress for permitting
goods TO be transported from the seaboard through
the United States, to Canada, the measure has
worked very unfavorably for the trade OF the 81.
Lawrence, and OF Montreal in particular. The eiti-
Zens of Upper Canada, who formerly purchased
groceries, DC, in Montreal or imported them with
other goods through the ST. Lawrence, have TO a
large extent changed their business to New York
This has produced deal Of dissatisfaction with the
people Of Montreal, who, at one time, moved for
discriminating duties TO be imposed on goods thus
introduced through the States 10 the benefit of the
New York canals and railroads, and to the injury Of
tieabie, they now propose to deooy lhinois, michi
gan, and Ohio wheat from the New York channels
Of transportation TO those Of Canada for export "a
England, which they think they can do by the abo.
ton Of duties on wheat, and the increased facilities
for shipment to the ST. Lawrence through the grea
Welland ship-canal.
As a countervailing movement, Congress should
so amend the inland drawba bill as 10 allow il to
work both ways-for exports, as well as imports
Let il be so altered 10 admit Canadian -four and
wheat to be exported through New York and other
States, for shipment to Europe, free Of duty. IL
might with proprety he 30 extended as to embrace
other Canadian articles Of produce Upper Canada is
fine and productive wheat country, and would, under
a regulation Of this kind, probably ship to Great
Britain via New York in preference 10 going through
Montreal The freight on a barrel Of -four from
Montreal 10 Liverpool averages Is. TO 4s. Sd. pei
barrel, while from New York 1t seldom exceeds 2s
and is often taken as low as Is. 6. Cd. Owing to
the dangers and delays Of the navigation Of the ST
Lawrence from sea to Montreal, insurance is much
higher on vessels sailing from that port than from
New York, so that the 3d. alluded to by Mr.
Cayley in the Canadian Parliament as being in IA
yor Of the inland freight from the lake ports to Mon
treal over the inland freight from Buffalo TO Albany
would be more than neutraiZed by the difference
in sea freights from Montreal on one hand, and
New Orh on tnt Olntf, 10 uTcht pflthlf. III SOn-
gress will amend the inland transit drawback bill as
indicated, New York will have nothing to fear from
Canada in the carrying business.
Should my letter in reference TO Pacific steam nav
gation ever reach Mr.. Wheewright the enterprsine
protector of the same, must beg his pardon for
having changed the photography Of his name 10
" Wheelsr." Ii has been some five or six Yeas
since it was familiar TO me, and hence my mad
vertence. Having now put il icrighi-the particu-
lars of which were right BEFORE dismiss the sub
ect for the present.
The democrats and wings in this city have pro-
ceeded with great deliberaon in the nomination Of
their candidates for the convention. The election
takes place on next Tuesday, the 18th inst. The
democratic ticket is complete. The persons nomi-
mated all frs-rate, "good men and true" Their
triumphant success is certain. The city sends six
teen delegates to the convention. The wings have
so far only chosen five or six Of their ticket. The
natives also intend running delegates. Mr.. Charles
o'Conner, an eminent lawyer Of the city, heads the
democratic ticket. 1t also embraces the names Of
district, and Robert H. Morris, our worthy post
master. The democrats have formed capital
ticket. All are men Of high order for intelligence
and talents. So look out for another triumph.
With regard to the increased consumption Of
cotton in future years, it will be influenced by two
causes more than any others-viz the extension of
civilization and the increase of population. In time
TONS these causes will continue in most active ope-
ration. Among civilized nations the consumption
of cotton goods greatly VARIES In France it is esti
mated that each person consumes 81 worth Of cot
ton goods per year. In England, from s. to Sc.
In Turkey and some other warm climates open to
European trade the consumption is estimated at only
lbs. of cotton converted into cotton manufac-
tures per head. In England, France, Prussia, Aus
tria and the United States the raw cotton consumed
is said to be from to IL lbs. per head. Take the
2 ID. per head-the consumptive capacity Of Tur-
key-as the standard, we shall find the following
result when applied to the population Of Great
Britain, China, and European possessions in Asia:
The population of China is estimated at $50 1866 900
British possessions in India. ........ 112,6s8, 1872
Other European possessions in India. 9,400 900
374,954,l32
This population, multiplied by two pounds of cot
ton to each, will give total of SAC ,9OS, 264 pounds
This sum, divided by 400 pounds to the bale, will
give 1924, ITO bales. 1t is estimated that about
10000 bales are produced and consumed in China
and the European possessions of India This would
leave 1924, ITO bales made into goods, to be sup
piled from the spindles and looms Of Europe and
America. The domestic manufacture of cotton
goods has been steadily giving way before that
produced by improved machinery in more advanced
countries. As far back as 1897, the export of cot
ton goods to India from Great Britain, amounted to
about ten million OF dollars IN value; while the ex-
port of cotton from thence with that from the
Maurus, to all parts Of Europe, did not amount to
as much in value by five or six millions. Some
years since, India exported greater amount Of cot
ton goods than she received from abroad, by eight
or ten millions. As the consumptive capacity of
China and the European possessions in India, in the
present state of trade and intercourse, is greatly
estimated at two pounds Of raw cotton per head,
and as the average probably does not exceed much,
if any, one pound per head, including native manu-.
features, the facts show that vast increase is to be
attained to reach ,624,770 bales for the consump-
ton of the population, embraced in China and
European India, which will continue to augment in
It's demand for cotton goods civilization and trade
extends over those vast countries, exclusive Of the
Russian and other divisions Of Asia lfthe population
of the world be put down at nine hundred millions
of souls, t being varously estimated at from oigh,
to nine hundred millions,) and supposing all nations
were sufficiently advanced to consume two pounds
of cotton on average per head the total cossump