The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1846-04-21
'@ stated at $780,.
EDITORS CoRREsPONDESi@s
From our regular correspondent


this eouairy caused by separate train u spents-Ths
causes Ia each fully poiaisd 0al- The results
simultaneous and reciprocal Causes efths Operthro1
and snsiapensni efihs people Of yus1ieo BRIG state
me'u efthe same. The demOIi " The JsdraIgOrsrl-
uen and Substitution " eerr sliss al the bottom Of the
Uhots nssss from Jnoairsai-JharktiS, sc,
In a former letter, l alluded 10 the ughtness OF
the money market in England, caused by the diver
sion of capital from commercial pursuits for invest
nents in railway shares.
This crisis in English monetary affairs would OPP
crate unfsyoably upon the manufacturing interests
Of the country, had not previous over-producuon
reacted upon il.
Ii seems that the re-opening Of the China trade with
some consequent revival of business in British In
dia, in lS42, caused by renewed demand for opium
and other articles of Indian growth, lent a sudden
and powerful impetus to manufacturing industry.
Manchester and other districts and seats Of manu-
features, became much excited. The whole busl-
| ness became greatly augmented under the combined
influence Of an easy money market, interest ranging
from two and half TO three per cent? assisted also
by liberal bank discounts. change, or reac-
ton, IL would seem, has now set in. This would
have come (perhaps though less suddenly and iorci
Bly, had the railroad madness not prevailed, or pre-
vailed TO less extent For. according to last ac-
counts from British India, the markets there had
been entirely giutted with Englsh cotton and
other piece goods, made duIer Of sale by
reason Of the severe war that had broken
out with the Sikhs. This war had also
affected the money market in that quarter from
the demands of the Indian government for increased
means with which TO conduct the war, combined
with interruption to the inland trade. Il is also be-
leyed, that nearly all the markets which usually
supplied with English piece and other cotton and
| woollen goods, have been guted 10 excess. Our
| own country forms no exception; for, with what We
have purchased from England, the over-producton
OF our own manufacturing industry, stimulated by
the high and unequal tariff Of 1872 has been super
Al an tent IN zlnfsv ...a
corner of our widespread States and Territories.
Causes exist here sufficient for producing reaction
without looking TO the operation Of events in Eng
land, and causes exist in the Old World 10 an equal
greater extent for producing reaction there, with
out Its being necessary to include the elements of
similar tendency at the bottom of things here. A
money crisis in either country fails 10 make
itself more or less felt the other but il is seldom
that crisis has simultaneously occurred, each be-
ing rendered the more embarrassing from the recip-
| present. ...
There was typographical error in former let
ter, IN which 1t is stated the only strong federal
wards in this city are the "3d and lSh" II should
have been the I'D and l5lh." The 18th is a new
ward at the east side and upper end of the city, and
gave strong democratic majority.
slight review Of the course of affairs IN Mex
eo during the past twenty or thirty years must sat
| sfy any unprejudiced mind to the real causes
which have led to anarchy and slavery one hand,
i Win military desponsm on the other.
| The period of greatest prosperity ever enjoyed by
this unhappy country was under the confederacy of
States, united under wisely and well-frumed con-
stitutlon ratified by the people Of each State in 1924
| This confederacy remained till lS34-'35 when San
"a Ana, combining with the priesthood, overthrow
i, and erected a central government on its ruins.
| From that day commenced the downward course of
Mexico. Several Of the States--among which were
Zacatecas, Texas, YucataD, &c.--rebelled against
centrals, and struggled for the establishment of
| tho federal constitution. All the States except Tex.
| as, finally submitted to the new order Of things,
when she, finding herself deserted rather than sub
init TO centraism which proclaimed allegiance to
the Catholic religion by all the inhabitants of the
| country, boldly proclaimed and successfully main
tanned her independence.
During the existence Of the federal government,
Mexico was prosperous and progressive in
| markable degree. Her seaports were all advancing
under fourishng state of commerce.; her extensive
| silver mines in Durango and Zacatecas were ac-
lively and productivity worked-hayiEg attracted
extensive capitalists from England and other coun-
tries. Tampico, being the nearest point 10 the mines
became q Aoarishing depot for trade. American
and other foreign shipping aocked to Matamoras,
| Tampco, and Vera Cruz on the Atlantic, while III
extensive and active trade was springng up in Mon
terey and other ports the Pacific. American citi-
zens were repairing TO the country, with enterpris
ing Englishmen and Frenchmen. Cotton gins and cot
| ton spindles were introduced, and a new stimulus
given to agriculture and manufactures. Roads were
improved and rendered more safe. American enter
prise placed line of stages between Vera Cruz and
| the capital, which made regular trips. All seemed
contented and prosperous for the ten years alluded
to-. Each State, like our own, had Its legislature
and governor, where the population sufficient to
form State and where not, two territories united to
make a state, with an understanding that each
should be made separate and independent States
when the population became sufficient, with Tex
as and Coahuila. The people, as with us, elected
In in nj he al
while senators were chosen by the legislatures.
The States were strongly attached to this form Of
government and contented with it. Exports of all
kinds increased. Since its overthrow in 1895, they
have rested satisfied, and probably never will,
as long centralsm endures. One rebellion has
| succeeded another one civil followed another,
till trade has been crushed, improvements destroy
ed, vast debts incurred, agriculture and mining
brought to a stand, cities despoiled Of trade and
thrown into inactivity and dlapidation; military des-
potism has usurped the reins of government, while
| revolt and ACKNOWLEDGMENT of the States are con-
stantly threatened. For this accumulation of evils
growing out of centralism, European intervention
would propose monarchy! If England and France
really desired to benefit the people of that unhappy
country, they would lend them their influence in
favor Of re-esablishing the conederacy oe States
der the constitution, This is the only measure which
can restore true happiness to Mexico. As to
Santa Ana's return, what good can he do' Or what
greater evil than he has already done' The evils
/
Of the federal government, and the erection of CEN
trasn, never be atoned for by the lifetime re-
pentance of a million of such heartess and reacher-
ous tyrants. What boots the declarations of Pare
des, or himself, on paperi They are both usurPing
despots from whom the ensaved, degraded, and
plundered people have nothing to hope for or ex-
pect There remain but two results to the scenes
through which Mexico is passing--viz: dismember-
men, the restoration of republican form of gov
eminent, under a constitutional confederacy. No
European Intervention prevent such finale.
Had the integrity Of the confederacy and the federal
constitution been preserved, Texas would to-day
| and others would not now be disafected.
Our dates from Montreal Canada, come down to
the 18th inst The Great Western Railway bill
before the Colonial Parliament Navigation had
been opened between Montreal and Quebec. Trade
was represented as dull. The market said to be
glutted with dry goods, and attempts were made to
force them off at auction. A large number of mer-
chants, said to have visited Manchester, England,