The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1846-01-24

miles IN the central and n ORTIZ EAsterly part
of this district, and found, from the Dalles of
the Columbia to the Walluwaila, and thence
to Waulatpu, DR.. Whitman's station, among
the keyuse Indians, and onward TO the Clear
water station, occupied by Rev Mr.. Spalding,
among the Nesperces tribe, numerous herds
| OF horses, and some neat stock, scattered
/ along throughout, appearing every where IN
good conditiOn;and was assured by Mr. Spald-
ing that not only horses, but cattle and sheep,
owing To the quality ofthe grass and mildncss
of the climate, Kept throughout the Winter in
good state even for slaughter.
He mentioned few extreme cases demon
stratinc it in strong light and really, in cor
roboration, | can hardly avoid wing, never
did witness, NJ the same season the year,
all kinds ofherbs in so fine a condition-he
assuring me that probably,owing TO the mild
ness of the climate, sheep produced uniform
ly twice a year; and disease was us yet I'M
known among the herds of the country.
7 found the country undulating, and admirably
watered, and particularly from Wallnwalla
Eastward, we'll grassed-the blue mountains.
stretching to the North and South, aiiordng
| q rich supply of timber to meet the demands
Oft large district of country on either hand of
an inviting character.
| In future number, the localities of these
Missions will be described, their doings and
prospects dwelt upon, and the movements
OF the Hudson's Bay Company properly eX-
| planned.
now come to the description ofthat por-
ton Of Oregon lying West OF the Cascade
Mountains embracing not only the Willamette
country, but the great valley, if so may he
called, bounded East by the Cascade Noun
tains, and West by the Pacific, and including
from North to South, the whole of our terri
tory, averaging from East to West lao to loo
miles. Ofthe North portion of this district
we know little else satisfactorily, than that
the large sections are heavily timbered,. the
soil being represented as in most places sand
y, thin s. mpTegnated with magucsia; whilst
there are said to be considerable portions a.
long the coast and near the base tthe noun
tains Of the choisest description of high roll
ing prairies, beautifully clad with fine grass
wild, red and white clover various heritage
and charming flowers. Yet the general as
pect of the country is hilly, rugged, and rath-
er uninviting in its features.
! ought here to say that the valley of the
Cowerlitz, which river empties into the Co
lunbia some 10 miles from its mouth, is ia.
vorably represented by the colouists planted
there and said TO produce well all the vurl-
Gus crops peculiar to the Northern and Mid
die States: and the fact of the little colony of
about two hundred being rapidly advancing
and in q fourishing state,is corroboratcd by
this statement. During the last year, Rev
Alvin F. Walter, accompanied by two oil
three other respectable gentlemen, ard othel
small exploring parties, have penetrated into
the Northern and North Eastern district of
this country, exploring the country East anC
West of the Cascade Mountains; and all unite
in more favorable representations OF the
country, both as 10 grazing aud agricultural
purposes. Several large valleys and district.
are not only well watered timbered and grass.
ed, but present an agreeable, tmdulating sur
face. Yet on the whole, the weight OF test.
mony is against the larger portions of the ter
ritory North of the Columbia, rs fit for uCri.
cultural purposes, but as a pastoral and man.
utacturing district, in view of the mildness Of
the climate, and ofits excellent water privil-
eyes, conceive too much cannot be said in
its favor. | reserve to show its immense
commercial advantages. its harbors, its i'm
| portance as n mineral district, in a future
number.
! The valley ofthe Columbia, though It's soil
has been strengthened by rich aluyial depos-
ties, is owing TO annual foundations in the
most untavo;able seasons OF the year, unfit
ted for agricultural purposes, excepting at
Vancouver and few other places occasion
ally met with upon the North and South side
of the River. The Willamette River. empty
/ ing into the Columbia, 81 miles from It's
mouth, is estimated to be some 300 miles in
ance for about 80 miles.
ELIJAH WHITE.
! Washington, Dec. Is, 1915.