Liberty advocate. [volume] (Liberty, Miss.) 1835-1866, 1846-01-10


they were conceived, they would be iel
only by the benefits which they dltfused
and would secure for themselves a de
fence in the hearts Of the people, more
powerful than standing armies, and all
The means and appliances invented TO sus
tain governments founded in injustice anc
oppression.
The well-known fact that the tariff &C
of l842 was passed by majority OF on'
vote in the Senate, and two IN the House
Of Representatives, aud that some o
those who felt themselves constraipBd, un
DER the peculiar circumstances existing a
The time, to vote in its favor, proclaim it,
defects, and expressed their deter NINA
ton to aid in its modification on the frs
opportunity, affords strong and conclusive
evidence that it was not intended to be
permanent, and the experience and ne
cessity of its thorough revision.
In recommending to Congress reduc
ton OF the rates of duty, and a revision
and modification of the act Of 1912, am
far from entertaining opinions unIriendIy
to the manufacturers. On the contrary,
desire to see them prosperous, as far as
they can be SO, without imposing unequal
burdens on other interests. The advan.
tage under any system Of indirect taxa.
ton, even with the revenue standard,
must be in favor Of the manufacturing
interest; and 10 this no other inte rest will
complain.
recommend TO Congress the abolition
of the minimum principle, or assumed
ar bitrary, and false values, and OF speci-
fc duties, and the substitution in their
place Of ad yaIorem duties as the lairest
and most equitable indirect tax which can
be imposed. BY the ad valorem princ-
pie, all articles are taxed according 10
their cost or value, and those which are
of inferior quality or of small cost, bear
only the just proportion Of the tax which
those which are the superior quality or
greater cost. The articles consumed by
all are taxed at the same rate. A sys-
tenn ad vaorem revenue duties, with prop
er determinations and proper guards
against frauds in collecting them, it is
not doubted will afford ample incidental
advantages to the manufacturers, and ena-
bio theuI 10 dorire sreNt profits 90 eNn
be derived from any other regular busl-
ness. 1t is believed that such system,
within the revenue standard, will place
the manufacturing interests on a stable
footing and inure to their permanent al
vantage, while it will, as nearl y as may
be practicable, extend TO all the great in
terests OF the country the incidental pro-
lection which can be afforded by our re,
venue laws Such system, when once
firmly established, would be permanent,
and not be subject 10 the constant com
plants, agitations, aud changes which
ever must occur, when duties are not laid
for revenue, but for the protection mere
ly" Of favored interest.
In the consideration Of Congress on
this subject it is hoped that a spirit OF mu,
tual concession and compromise, between
conflicting interests may prevail, and that
the result Of their labors may be crown
ed with the happiest consequences.
By the Constitution Of the United States,
it is provided, that ''no money shall be
drawn from the treasury but in conse-
quence of appropriations made by law"
A public treasury was undoubtedly con
tempIaled and intended to be created; In
which the public money should be Kept
from the period of collection until need
ed for public use. In the collection and
disbursement OF the public money no
agencies have ever been employed by law
except such as were appointed by the 60
vernment, directly responsible to it, and
under its control. The safe keeping oil
the public money should be confjed TO a
public treasury created by law, and un-
der like responsibility and control.-lt is
not to be imagined thatthe trainers OF
the constitution could have intend ed that
a treasury should be created as a p lace
of deposit and safe keeping for the pub
lie money which was irresponsible to the
government The first congress under
the constitution, by the act OF the Cd Sep
TENDER, 1886 "to establish The Treasury
Department." provided for the appoint
ment Of treasurer, and made 1t his duty
''to receive and keep the moneys OF the
United States" and sat all times to sub
nit to the Secretary, or either oil them,
the inspection of moneys in his hands.
That banks, national or state, could
not have been intended TO be used as a
substitute for the treasury spoken OF in
the constitution, as keepers OF the public
money, is manifest from The fact, that at
that time there was no national bank, and
but three or four state banks of limited
aptal existed in the country. Their en-
pIoy ments as repositories was at first re-
sorted to, TO limited extent, but, with
no avowed intention Of continuing them
.n,n,ly in rIaea If the treasury of