The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1846-07-20

|
ssueniiOO cents pound Of tobacco ehieh the planter
ia hiss0u,i dispOSes u for three cents We are as
much interested in having all restrictions removed To
| an extended consumption Of this product as we are
to wheat, OF maize, OF beef cheese; or England is
TO her cloths, her calicoes, her cutlery dc. 'Tohae
co was Tor long period our most valuable article Of
export, and would unquestionably, froL, the vast
extent OF territory suited to its cultivation, again be-
come so, n u were not the settled policy of most for
eign Countries TO make il sort of treasury seape
goat. England annual raises a revenue upon what
she imports from the United States of sls 600 900
and upwards. When she dlmlnishes this duty To
The Hanoyenan duty Of seventy TO the hundred
pounds, she may boast of a thoroughly liberal com
mercial policy towards US, and demand reciprocity
But while she continues 20 raise revenue from
solitary staple OF ours than we raise upon every
thing imported from the United Kingdom, she can
not claim TO be free-trade power. She has made
an important step TO be liberal-which appreciate
on account Of the motive which Influenced it-but
Il does not, as far relates TO American interests
eNIens sufficiently far But upon this subject, more
al a future period. ] am IN too good humor just
now 10 ma fault with anything or anybody.
The announcement, on Monday in both houses
OF Parliament, that the Oregon question had been
satisfactorily adjusted, has made this exceedingly
Joyous week Never were the tidings by any con
yeyanoe looked for with more intense anxiety than
those from Washington by the iIibernia. Sir Rob
ert could not possibly hold on longer than until
that the proposition for the partition Of Oregon
would be returned, and negotiations consequently
suspended with the Russell ministry, there was a
1eep and pervading solicitude that his government
should terminate IN a blaze OF glory by stating at
tbs last hour Of its existence that peace with Amer
lea was secure. IL her passage should be longer
than twelve days-and recently they had exceeded
that tine-this happy result could not occur. Sun
day afternoon the excitement was intense in all cir
eles Some hoped, but more doubted the receiving
OF her intelligence by the train the following morn
ing. Thanks TO the genius of Fulton and OF Morse
we had Washington dates in London Of the 18th in
the afternoon, on the 29th at daylight in the morn
ing !!-such speed as never was before known, and
such information gladdened every heart from the
queen to a drayman!
Sir Robert Peel had gone down to Osborne House
on Saturday TO tender his resignation and did not
arrive in town until three o'clock on the afternoon Of
Monday. AT about half after FIVE he entered the
Commons, apparently, compared with his usual APP
pearance, much overcome with fatigue and care Ia
about an hour, he rose and commenced his farewell
Speech and although he is distinguished for perfect
self-possesson under the most embarrassing cir
cumstances, he was evidently so much affected at
first 10 be unable 10 give distinct ulterance to his
words After proceeding until towards the close Of
his speech, when he approached the great question
which had been pending with the United States, his
articulation became clear that not word was lost
to any Of his almost breathlcss auditors. He re-
marked
''lf there was anything which could give me any
thing like qualification resignng office, after the
decision Of that house against me, il would have
been that should have declared my resignation on
the day on which intelligence has been received
from the United States TO the favorable result of
perhaps our last attempt TO close the differences be-
tween this country and the United States Of Amer-
ca, which, unless speedily terminated, would have
endangered the peace Of both countries, and per-
haps involved them in war. The house will prob
ably recollect that, when made offer Of arbi-
traton, and that offer had been rejected, the Presi
dent Of the United States sent a message to the
houses of Congress of that country, which led to a
discussion with regard to the termination Of that
convention, which provided for a temporary adjust
ment of our differences, at least for temporary
avoidance Of quarrel, and enabled the two countries
jointly to keep the territory called the territory of
Oregon. The two houses Of American Congress,
although advising the President of the United States
to signify To this country the termination Of the
isting convention, by giving years notice, added
to that advice which might be perhaps considered Of
hostile character, declaration that they advised
notice Of the suspension of the convention, in order
that it might facilitate the amcable adjustment Of
the differences. We thought the addition Of these
words by high authorites-the expression of a hope
that the termination of the convention might the
more strongly impress upon both countries the ne
cesslty Of an amicable adjustment We thought
that this expression removed every barrier to re-
newa by either country of an attempt to settle the
question. We did not hesitate, therefore, within two
days after the receipt of that intelligence, although
the Office of arbitration had been rejected, do that
which, in the present state of that dispute II became
essential to do-namey, not only to propose renewed
and heightened negotiations, but to specify frankly,
and at once, the terms which would consent
to partition of the territory. Whatever may have
been the expressions made by the President on re-
cept of these terms, will not refer TO them but he
wisely determined to proffer proposals to
the Senate to that authority whose consent was re-
CURED for the termination of a negotiation of this
kind The Senate, again,actlng in the same spirit of
anxiety for the public peace, at once adopted the
terms of the negotiation. (Chcers.) | trust from
the importance of the sub ect, and considering that
this may toe the last day on which | may have the
opportunity Of addressing the house as minister Of
the crown, beg to state to the house the terms of
the negotiation. (Cheers.) | will not read the de-
tails of the propositions which were made, but |
will just read the two main proposals.
"'2. From the point at which the 49th parallel of
north latitude shall be found to ntersect the great
northern branch of the Columbia river, the naviga-
ton Of the said branch shall be free and open to the
Hudson Bay Company, and to all British subjects
trading with the same, to the point where the said
| branch meets the main stream Of the Columbia, and
| thence down the said main stream to the ocean,
with free access into and through the said river or
| rivers it being understood that all the usual por-
tages along the line thus described shall in like man
| ner be free and open. In navigating the said river
duce, shall be treated the footing as citizens
of the United States, it being, however, always I'M
derstood that nothing in this article shall be con,
| strued as preventing, or intended to prevent, the
government of the United States from making any
regulations respecting the navigation Of the said RI
yer or rivers, not inconsistent with the present
! treaty.
| "'ArticIe |. From the point to the 49th parallel
of north latitude, where the boundary laid down in
| existing treaties and conventions between Great
Britain and the United States terminates the line of
boundary between the territories of her Britannia
| Majesty and those of the United States, shall be
continued westward, along the said 49th parallel Of
! north latitude to the middle of the channel which
separates the continent from Vancouvers island,
and thence southery through the middle of the said
channel and off Fucas straits to the Pacific ocean;
provided, however that the navigation Of the said
channel and straits south Of the 49th parallel OF
north latitude remain free and open to both par
ties ="
On my return from my mission, undertaken for
the purpose Of rendering my resignation to her
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