Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-07-31

| neuple. Now, sir, the advantages - ,,,rn-
while labor OF The North III Tue coiluuc, =. sn;,.
! tac;ures must be manifest. Ihcy are pe'. -,
~. w. sr;ed nur,,i;s and ready division OF iapo''
| Thev have lar more intelligence and aph'uue 70
acon,e m. information ami skill niisprhsaoe ~
| all higher branches OF manufactures. ~ 80, y
h. readilv allured by the prospect Of employ sn.
in different directions, ami commanaeu y, ."s
number and al the times required. IN" ." nd
is more productive and consequently cneape' Rn,
| less of their gains are consumed or "as'e :>:Iar
! il may be asked, why While iaoo. y. anmallv
KIM may not be employed al 'he oo '.,a,;on ~
rs 4, The North. Sir, The slave popuia.'oi'. ~
orea, exicD, excludes the class which inrh's''es
! such labor. and, excep; rerhapsin few lo"i's =
,ha e,n,h /, cannot be commanded al an III 'in,
s,nou-, Even where it may I've bad, o',h ron
ih- limited supply and the prejudice IN i s'a:e
coua,,v 10 such hireins emP"y'"en's' Mas1S
mus, be. and as experience ia sho"n, az O.
WAYS higher than al The Ncrih. 10 view, 'ne'
f,,s ho,h ri facilities for Manufacture ana caPa-
| civ t,l cheap production, Pe'nians" - - 10.
70 results 10 the North from Inc nature oi 10 Ia
| boring classes. Az Chair
man. was possessed by The North IN Inc mucn
| I,roer mount OF its hoaling or personal caPi'di,
| which embarked in commercial or DINER specu-
larive pursus, could he more easily diverted,
nd directed, when inducements presented, 10 lne
nroduc,ion OF manufactures. The caPiiai OF lne
| South was mainly invested in ands ano Slaves,
which are al all times proverbaliy dIiiicult Of
conversion, on, which, il thrown, 10 great eS-
,ent ii any one time, under common lncuce-
men, 10 embark in other pursuits upon tlic mar
ke, could moi be realized al all, or only al rum
! ons sacrifices. The case was widely different al
The North. Personal capita might easily he
commanded, might lie drawn from trace or com,
nerce and directed whirhersoever The prospect OF
profit temped. In aid Of this advantage 100, me
| North has always been the seat OF toe ha'ionai
an other more important banks oil inc county,
and the points where the revenues OF lne Govern
| men, were collected, and made the basis OF ex-
tended issues and enlarged credits. II enjoyed
therefore, much more available capital, and hah,
besides The most important aids in the facility oil
oh;aining loans and dealing on credit The cx-
len, Of This advantage may he dlmcull cl ap-
precia,ipn, bu, would alone have been decl,ve.
fourth important advantage OF the Norm
NAV be found in lis vicinity 10 The Leading mar
kels o! the country, and The consequent iae'iiI
with which its manufactured produtls cou'o Dt
thrown in The cul channels oil genera supply,
and substituted 10 foreign products, as they were
excluded by high duties or Otherwise. The COM
mercial cities OF the North have very long been
| The sources whence the supplies OF manufactures,
as Of almost all other goods were obtained LOT
all sections OF The Union. 10 them, retaining
merchants from all quarters Of Inc country IT,
sor,ed for their assortments Facilities OF access
and lransport 10 them were much greater al The
| North than from The more distant South; conse-
| oucntly, whenever, either from the naural wants
ot The Union or the shutting oul OF iorelSn iiil-
ports. demand existed there Tor manufactured pro-
ducrs they would he, from The first, most cheaply
and naturally supplied from the adjoining States
When the difficulty of diyerIins established
channel, Of trade and the Importance OF failing
in with them are considered, This advantage VIII
readily be recognized as al no slight moment
A filth cause, kindled in its nature To he last,
NAV be found in the fact that the denser popula-
tion OF the North always afforded more extensive
demand and consumption in those regions around
manufacturing establishments, which would nat
uray seek them for supplies, and al the same
time co operating with the commercial ana ira
ding pursuits OF the people and Their speculative
tendencies, induced The earlier opening, BY rail-
roads and canals, OF avenues of access 10 distant
sections me markets o! which might be ensross
ed. A irmer basis OF support al home was
thus secured in lhe first instance. and in aidi-
ton the sphere of extended operations was con-
sranllv eniargine. To these results The larger
capital The diversified pursuits, and The greater
amount of travel and superior importance Of ces-
patch in communication incident To CONNER
cial people, largely contributed Their existence
cannot be questioned; nor can their effective
Influences in giving to The North greater iacil-
tiles for the establishment of manufactures and
The supply Of general consumption, be well over
rated.
All these advantages, TO which not few more
might be added, if,me allowed have existed from
a very early period 10 favor ofthe North over The
South, in respect to the manufactures, and SUI
exist, Mr. Chairman in even more than Original
potency. The stimulants which have been al
most constantly, for thirty years, applied by par
rial legislation. have accelerated their cevelcp-
ment and confirmed their controlling power
From their own nature, too, they have gfownand
strengthened by exercise ana display. Popula-
lion has become, in points favorable to manuac-
lures, denser; labor, in larger supply and Of more
competence and skill, is more cheaply furnished;
capital has accumulated, al constantly accele'
rating rate, and been largely added 10 by The ex-
torons made by The protective system on every
other section. The manufacturing establish
mems have become more stable, ana snppiieG
with more abundant resources, and better pre-
pared 10 sustain competition and reverse In
view of these things, may not The protective sys-
TEN be well characterized as adding unto tho."
VIVA already have, and taking i;um those who
have moi, even what they have.
When all the advantages have referred TO-
| Mr.. Chairman are tairla considered and esllma-
led appeal 10 the candid To determine whether
he prospect held oul 10 The South OF successful
competition with The North, in The supply Of man
uiaenres for The general consumption oithe coun-
try. be mol mockeiy and delusion. The South
would be infatuated indeed 10 be so reconciled 10
the inequalities and expressions of the protective
system Sir advantages for the production of
manufactures, kindred in nature, and probably
moi less decided than those which are enjoyed by
Old England over New England, are enjoyed BY
The latter and The North generally over the South
More accumulated capital, longer experience,
greater skill, more productive and cheaper labor
established factories and channels Of trade al
ready cui-ail exist relatively between the
North and the South, if not as fully. yet with as
controlling influences, between The North and
The European nations. If lhr Norih required and
il demand protection sains The later Tor The
establishment and growth OF manufactures
among them, reason To the full as strong will de-
| mand equal encouragement and protection in our
behalf against the North before manufactures can
exist and flourish vigorously with u.s. But the
uniformity required BY the CONSTITUTION in lis
impcsis among The States, and The perfect free
dom OF trade 81 happily guaranteed and cnjoyed
! among them (and il is astonishing how, in such
connection, The benefits of equal Jnstice and free
trade arc appreciated and Landed by the mosI
clamorous proeciioniss.) are generally believed
10 prohibit legislation on the par; OF any nj the
States designed 10 exclude from The Suuh the
manufactures OF any other section, or 10 make
any distinction between those Of The Two sections
in favor of the weaker Nor, unless ground
down by the expressions of the protective system,
until retaliation and defence become, on The pant
Of The South, works OF necessity and sell-preser-
walton, DO think such forced diversion Of South.
ern labor and capital from its natural channels
even il constitutional, would be wise or profia.
ble Let the North enjoy its natural advantages
and even rhnse in addition which oppressive Sec
tional legislation has so far exlorted from us, and
may God speed and prosper il, provided only The
leech will now loose its hold, and no. drain Us 10
| further exhaustion.
But now, MIR. Chairman, in view Of all that
have said, would ask men of capital and enter
prise in the South and especially in my own
Stale, if it be wise or prudent in them 10 embark
in manufacturing, with a view 10 The supply 81
the general consumption Of the country. In some
few articles, and TO limited exten, in others as
shall presently endeavor TO show, they may pro-
f'ahy engage; bu, beyond, would warn and en-
4 Il. -.