The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1846-07-06
Messrs. GALES & SEAroN.
New YoRK, July 2, 1916.

After much rain and cloudy weather, we are
again blessed with warmth and sunshine.
The city delegates elected TO a convention for
amending the city charter had an informal meeting
last evening, and elected their officers Their regu-
lar session commences on Monday.
This year is likely to be distinguished above all
others for the arrival of emigrants. Within the past
six months their number has reached so ,633, being
an increase Of 200 over the period last year
Ii we estimate ten persons TO family, in $4,000
persons, there would be 5000 families; and if we
suppose each family brought with them 800, we
have for the whole number of emigrants the
of $500 900 If we take the average Of five persons
TO family, and suppose each family brought 800
| each, the total sum would amount to 81 900 600
View the case as we may, yet 1t Is certain that en-
grants in the aggregate bring large sums Of money
with them, the most of which is carried West for
the purpose of purchasing lands &c. The msfor-
tune is, however, that vast numbers come over
who unable to reach "the Far West" and linger
in the Atlantic Cities and suffer from great destitu-
ton 1t is said large numbers of the poorer class
of Irish emgrants who have landed at Boston the
present season, experience much distress account
| of the want Of employment, or Of necessary means
to carry them further on their journey. Large
numbers also nger in this ciylevery year, many of
| whom have to be supported in the alms-house
during the winter. The heaviest tide of emigration
the present season has been setting to wards Wis
consn, greatly swelling the population of that grow.
ing Territory. The vacant lands in Illinois, Iowa.
Missouri, and indeed throughout the West,
amply sufficient to receive all the emigrants that
| arrive from Europe in many years to come, and
when they are occupied, vast new tracts will still
lay open before them, reaching to the Pacific
| Mr.. Clays letter to a house in this city in favor
Of maintaining the tariff Of lS42, is going the rounds
of the pupers. He and other protectionsts cry out
against legislative fluctuations on this subject. If
they really wished permanency IN our revenue
laws, they would aid in reducing them to
revenue standard of fairness and equity. Justice
and equality of taxation are the sures guarantees Of
| regularity and permanency. system of revenue
| which bears unequalIy on the mass-whlch, in
degree, taxes labor for the benefit of capita-can
| not and ought not to be considered the permanent
policy of the country
Mr.. Cay's views are inconsistent. In 1888 he
thought gradual reduction spun out period
| of ten years would save the then infant manufac-
lures from injury AT the end of the decade, Mr.
| Clay found manufacturers wanting protection worse
than ever, and aided in passing the present high
| tariff. From 1916 to I846-a period of thirty years
| the doctrine has been proclaimed, that in the in
fancy Of manufactures protection necessary, for
| a period, at least When il this minority of manu-
| features to endi Will those benefited by unequal
taxation ever arrive at the conclusion that the bust
| ness they are engaged in is full gro,rn? Mr. Clay
| says England has perseverngly protected her man
ufactures-if at ALL we suppose for 500 years: ergo,
we should do the same thing. But English protec-
ton has fallen almost exclusively in favor Of the
been overthrown. w that country the labor of the
mass taxed for the benefit Of capital invested in
landed estates while in the United States it is taxed
for the benefit Of capital invested in manufactures.
To the laboring man employed IN tllng the soil,
where is the difference
| Mr., Huntngton's speech against the warehousng
bill has created much surprise with many inteli-
gent merchants. He argues that it would favor the
wealthy importer and nure the smaller poorer
class Of importers. All business men who have ex-
amined the subject, know just the reverse to be the
case. Under the present system of cash duties on
the landing of the goods none but the largest houses
can import goods to any extent. The average du-
ties being between 30 and 40 per cent, il house
purchases abroad 100000 worth of goods, it must
leave onethrd of its entire capital in the Uni
ted States to pay duties! Few importers can part
with large share of their capital and wait q
year Ct may beg for reimbursement Besides
cash duties, on the landing Of the goods, throws
small houses in the same se out OF business For
few able to make the usual advances, and, at the
same time, pay cash for the duties to from one
third TO oneh half the value OF the goods. The effect
| is TO drive the business from the country, or TO
drive it into the hands Of heavy capitalists, and
thus break down smaller houses. Such, TO a
considerable extent, has been the progress ofthngs
in New York under the present system. A liberal