New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1846-12-05
Foreign Correspondence Of The Tribune
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sYA TorSG AaEzIcAS.


prac,ised By the rulers il Europe 70 preserve their
power, without presenting the appearance Of be
ing despotic Some indeed have little nodesty
about this and carry out their oppressive measures
openly but they are first assured o: the weakness
Of their subjects In the United States ali the DO
ines Of the r1lers are known the voice Of the
press or OF public opinion ever ready 70 reproye
any abuse OF authority and as the people choose
their own Law givers. they can only blame them
selves Tor any oppressive measure.
Ia Germany the state Of things Is far different
The people. though not absolutely oppressed, en-
dure many restrictions whic! We would find II
hard to bear and there is Z feeling OF opposition
which still continues despite all the efforts contIn
ualiy making TO crush t. The German prlncipali-
ties have perhaps the greatest political liberty OF
any states the Continent except switzerland
they are very different rom Austria or Prussia and
n stranger passing through would little TO iind
fault with Bat when he had had more opportunl-
ty of observing the workings OF the government.
and hearing the Dric0h opinions o! the people and
perhaps feeling IN his own person some OF It's re-
straints he would be apt 20 confess that there was
still. room for improvement. shall endeayor as
Justly and mpartially as possible to give view Of
the existing state OF things and the opinions OF the
people regarding them.
w nave Otter! Il III NV Iueii
is included III the name Germany, and indeed II
is sometimes puzziins TO the Germans themselves.
Since the ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF the German Empire
the land has been broken up into number OF king
doms, dukedoms and pr1ncipatles. Austria. which
retains the greatest share, together with her Italian
conquests, has taken a name q her own. Prussia,
which has existed as a Kingdom for little more
than century, wishes TO do the sanchez PEG
plc say they are Pru,staIts, not Germans. The
rest OF the country, embracing that broad extent
OF land between the Rhine, Elbe aud Danube. Is
divided into the kingdoms OF bavaria Sa%Ony.
Wurtemberg and Hanover-the Duchy OF Baden.
Hesse DarInstadt Hcsse Cassel. w emar, &c.
and number Of ten miles. square lrncIpaitles
making in all ihirtyve states, which, though each
independent of the others. have diet established
for matters of general welfare at Frankfort on the
Main. This constitutes what Is now included IN
der the name OF GERMhSY
The diet is, however greatly under the control OF
Austria and Prussia Count Munich, the Austrian
deputy, being its president. general system OF
duties is adopted by all, and IN case OF war each
furnishes its quota OF troops but IN nearly every
other respect they separate and distinct
There is among them much Jealousy and conflict
ing of interests in which the stronger ones, as usu
al take the lions share many OF the little states
pnv heavy duties on foreign imports, which go
trely into the treasures OF the greater powers
Another disadvantage which the people sometimes
feel very much, is the want OF proper representa-
ton nj foreign courts. The subjects oil the smaller
states are without protection. as their princes are
not DOW eriu enough to send AMBASSADORS The
representatives OF Baden We're lately uncourtcous
" dismissed from Prussia aud their land was too
poweress 10 resent the insult 1t IS the opinion OF
some intelligent Germans with whom have con
versed that it is the design OF Prussia and Austria
to take NIL the weaker divisions gradually, by force
OF irand into their own bodies. This would SEEM
however. presuming too much on German patience
and even Il il be their Intention II is most lmprob
-, "a Tla,nTa Ilnc
lately made eadeav0rs to become possessed OF the
Duchy oi Schicswig Hostein, and there has not
been the east interference the part OF the neigh
boring states to proven, II
1t is the wish and desire OF nearly all educated
Germans that these many scattering states should
be united IN enc government liberal IN Its princ
plies and powerful enough to fear neither enemies
from without factions within. This Is the uni
versai theme over which the student eXhausts
his eoquence many very many persons cherish
the hope that 1t will one day be accomplished but
the greater part less sancuine, content themselves
with their condition ly saying II cannot be
helped e. I have often thought there was spirit
and energy enough III any one county OF our repub
lie TO revolutionlze Kingdom.
= Another disadvantage OF these numerous little
states is the heavy taxes ON the inhabitants TO sup
port the state OF their petty rulers Each OF these
counts or princes must have his court Tor winch
the people pay The Duchy OF Baden about the
size OF Rhode Island supports standing army
much larger than ours (which IS not much 10 be
sureg aud paws the Dlke much greater salary
than our President receives In the Duchy OF Mas.
the tenth part OF all the productions OF the land
are set aside Tor the government, hesse and han
over are taxed ana drained 10 the uimos;-and so
OF many others The poor remain nearly always
poor; laborers are doomed 10 HE 81 labor aud
the nobility live IN luxury and ease. Will not say
that the simple honest hearted peasant Is not more
happy IN his labor and IN the bosom OF his laborlns
Il l., hut nF-n
times when he must inevitably endure great want!
and al such time it is not much comfort 10 be- Obliged
10 contribute to the luxury oi hs rulers.
All the large states have Senate and Council
elected by the people, by whom the power OF the
Nng or Duke IS in some measure controlled bui
very few OF their sittiiiSS are pubic Except III
the Rhine Provinces there is no trial by jury and
the courts OF Justice are closed to all but the parties
Concerned y reform III this particular Is greatly
desired by The people and It VII! doubtless be
brought about IN the course OF time Win them
Justice is not only blindfold bat she dwells IN the
dark
The freedom of speech is another liberty loudly
called for No, only is it forbidden 10 say ausht
asains, the government hut all remarks OF liberal
nature all expression ot opinions on the political
rights Of man. are avoided as unsafe. Debating
societies o.. any description are strictly prohibited
Tor they seem 10 know what powerful engine may
be made of oratory, am! fear any demonstration OF
it. Al public assemblies that bear the least ap-
pearance OF a political purpose, are carefully pre-
vented though lately IN konisSber;, city repnrk,
able Tor the free minds Oi Its inhabitants they nave
lately becnheld III spite OF the police
\ few years ago large political meeting was
held a, Hanback, IN Bavaria. The government
got word ot it, and IL was immediately and iogcl
bly, broken ny. and the principal speakers iupris
oncd. One OF these, lr. Wirth, man OF very
great talents author OF some philosophical and his
,orical works was confined tor TWO Or three years
and atterward banshed. He now lives IN Swift
xerland He is uot the only one who has had 70
suffer Tor the expression OF ms opinion. Every one
knows the history OF the unfortunate poet Schu-
bart, who for some bold aud thouchtless asse-
ton was kept prisoner ten years on the 6reary
hight OK Aspers, part of the time II a dungeon
verse than that given 10 the vilest criminal
More horrible cases than his have occurred late
". Tha; of Weidis. 8, DarHstadt has rarely
been excened in cold,blooded inhunanity 1t has
Nh over German This Weidi-. who was min.
lister, was man well known Tor his liberal senti
ments but nor wishing. perhaps. 10 sei no OF INN
on that plea they took a more cruel way \ per
.or who had one of the Offices o.. government has