The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1846-05-22

- IL
the New York 8llle, made its appearance in
this city, which combined some observations and
historical facts that viii be read with interest at
the present ume. We condense portion of that
work Tor the information OF our readers throwing,
as il does, some light on the condition Of that
country.
After Spain accomplished the conquest Of that
country, her government towards the natives was
marked with oppression and tyranny, which
could not fail OF entang retriDuton, at no distant
day.
Taking advantage of the crisis in European
affairs, brought about by the career Of the Emper-
or Napoleon, and the confusion in Spain conse-
quent upon the elevation Of Joseph Buonaparte
TO the throne Of that country, in 1908, the Indian
population rose en- n'asse TO throw of the Spanish
yoke. Alter a long and bloody struggle, the last
ioothold of Spanish authority was rooted ont, and
the fortress OF San Juan dUlloa came into the
possession of the rebels.
Bon the 2sth Of February, 1921. plan Of go
vernment was declared at 1guala, which was a
kind Of limited monarchy, and provided for the
establishment of q general Cortes, who were to
make n constitution.
A native Mexican, named lturbide,, was pro-
claimed Emperor but the naughty and arrogant
manner with which he conducted himself, led to
his violent death and in October, 1924 after the
death Of Iturbde, the form of the constitution
the United States; but differing from that in some
important points BY this new constitution the
different Statce wore declared indcpendent-tho
established religion was declared to be Catholic
stitution rescmbosa that of the United States.
General Guadalupe Victoria was the first Pre-
sidcnt under the new constitution, and General
Nicholas Bravo Vice President The country
nistration Guadaloupe. It's independence was
acknowledge. by France and England, and
Spain surrendered the fortress Of st. Juan
d'Ulloa.
As ii. 'r-m Of Office of Victoria drew to a close,
the cou,. ny was divided into two great political
parties, ono OF which was named the Scotch par
ty, or the old regime party and the other the
derived from two Masonic Lodges in Mexico. The
York party was composed of Scotchmen, and the
other derived its charter from the city Of New
York. Mr.. Poinsett, the then U. 8. Minister to that
country, was very ofiicious in promoting the orga-
nizaton of the latter lodge, and, in consequence
of the il-feeling it produced, he was recalled by
our government.
In December, 1877, General Bravo denounced
President Victoria as being connected with the
Yorknos, and took up arms against the govern
ment. Victoria was compelled to throw himself
into the hands of the other party. The result
was, that Bravo surrendered, and was banshed.
On the 18th of April, 1928, General Gomez Pc
draza, of the Scotch party, was elected President,
having only two votes over his competitor, Gen.
Guerrero.
and his partizans determined to to violence
TO oppose the new President.
Santa Anna Immediately put himself at the
head OF 500 men, and proclaimed that Pedrnza was
not elected by the voice Of the people, and that
majority were in favor of Guerrero, and he under
took himself to proclaim Guerrero the President
Santa Anna and his party were put down by a
force sent against them, and he had to make his
On the 30th November, 1923, serious insurrcc-
ton, headed by the ex-marqus of Cndena, broke
out in the capital After seizng the government Of
fees, he demanded of the President proclama-
ton banishing the Spanish residents within "a
hours two days elapsed before the President
acted, and in the mean time the city was in the
hands OF this mob. Gen; Pedraza, the President
elect Immediately vacated his office as Minister OF
War, and fled to the country, and was succeeded
by Guerrero, who stopped hostilities-Pedraza
soon after resigned the Office Of President to which
he had been elected.
On the LIST of Jan. 1929, Congress declared Guer-
zero duly elected President, having received the
largest number OF votes next to Pedraza, and Gen.
Anastasa Bustamente was declared Vice Presi-
dent--a ministry of the Yorkino party was then
formed, Santa Anna being Secretary Of War.
Soon after the accession of Guerrero, Busta-
mente revolted. The civil war that ensucd ended
on the death of Guerrero, who was executed as a
traitor on the l4th of February, 1881, at Cua, in
Oaxaca, leaving Bustamente in the Presidential
office.
In 1882, Santa Anna rcvolted and at the head
of the garrison of Vera Cruz, marched to the cap
ital, where treaty was entered into between him
and Bustamente, by which the latter resigned the
Presidency in favor Of Pedraza, who had been
elected in the year 1928 Santa Anna then sent
brig of war to New Orleans, to conduct home Pc
draza, who was living in exile in Philadelphia. Pc
draza returned to out the two three months
that remained unexpired of his term, Santa Anna
expecting to be elected his successor.
Santa Anna was then elected President, and got
into Office on the 10Th of May, 1888.
After overcoming some internal opposition,
Santa Anna conceived the project Of establishing
a central consolidated government, wholly indie
pendent of the States. Congress sanctioned the
project, and the States were converted into de-
partments, under the control of a commandant
general.
rvst o.
the difficulties that ensued led to the capture of
Santa Anna at the battle Of San Jacinto-{
As soon as Bustanente, who was then an exile
in France, heard OF the capture of Santa Anna,
he fastened back to Mexico, and was elected Pre-
sident.
After Santa Anna regained his liberty, and after
remaining in retirement some time, he took the
field in the fall Of 1871, in opposition to Busta-
mente, whom he drove from power. He proposed
a new organization of the government, under
which he took his place as provisional President
Such was the conition of Mexico in the year 1841
But Santa Anna was not allowed to remain undis-
turbed in his position.
Texas asserted her independence, and was re-
cognized as an independent nation by France,
England and the United States. Meantime, Santa
Anna kept up kind Of skirmishing warfare with
that State, but never succeeded in making any
formidable demonstration against it,
Our readers are familiar with the succeeding
events in that unhappy country. General Her
rera was successful in deposng Santa Anna, and
rera, under the cyypf war, and he is now Presi-
dent Of Mexico.
FROM NAUvoo.-We learn from gentleman
who left Nauvoo on Friday last, that large por-
ton Of the Momons encamped at that place. preparatory
to starting for California had become rather dssa6ed
with the prospect before them and many had come tho
conclusion that they would not start at all Great disa
lection prevailed, and meeting was to be held tho
following day TO determine what best to be done.
The leaving pnxt Of the business not We presume. as
they decide bu d citizens Of the adjacent country
choose Since wr(1n9 the above have learned from
the officers Of the steamer Prairie Bird that the majority
have concluded TO emigrae and preparations ac
lively In PROCESS to put this determination into OBJECT; 1t
has also been thought advisable to sell the temple and
much Of their other tomfoolery cannot be convenient
Y transported to their New Jcrusaem-SL Louis NsD
Ere, Nay IL.
SHOCKING AFFAIR ~ FRAvKLrN.-The Planters
Banner of the 9th rves the ma r,;cu.ys n = shock
ing array that occurred st Frankn the 10th ult, be-