The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1846-01-09

The present decision Of the Court of Errors, il
only returning glimpse OF common sense, which
may lead to a radical reform, and bring back the law
OF libel to what it ought to be-the law OF SANDER.
We hail this decision therefore, as symptom OF
returning good sense in courts; but we look for
thorough and radical reform from the approaching
State Convention, not only on this important SUBJ
ject, but in many others connected with the admin
stration of justice both civil and criminal.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ELxcrRo-MAoSETIc TKLx-
sRAPH-OPENINo OF THE LINE BETWEEN NEW
YORK, PnrLApELrHIA. &c.-A patent for four
teen years has just been issued to Mr.. Z.
Cornell, OF Ithaca, New York, for an inn
provement in the electromagnetic telegraph.
BY Morses patent, at present in use, two wires are
required TO form what is termed an independent
circuit; that II, to enable parties situated at differ
ent points, TO control and direct the movements of
each other, as regards the working of the instrument
IN forwarding communications, without keeping
the battery In constant action. Mr.. Cornelps plan
OF single wire accomplishes all that is obtained by
Morse's two wires, as far the independence of
the circuit is concerned, at tring additional cost
OF an extra battery An important advantage of the
independent circuit wire obtained-by Mr. Cornells
Improvement As, that any number of wires NAV be
kept In readiness to communicate either way with
cut encounteHng the disadvantages of the depen-
dent circuit, as they would in Morse's arrangement
For example, the two wires between New York and
Philadelphia may be used at one moment to come
from the former to the latter city, and the next mo-
ment both may be used to return the answers or
any other message that may be in writing; or if bu-
siness is equally distributed between the two cities,
then one wire could come one way at the same
time that the other went the contrary.
Another important advantage is, that the operator
at either station could put his battery in action,
and send message to the other station at any time
OF night that an emergency will require it, though
both batteries had been taken apart and the parties
retired for the night That could not be done with
Morse's arrangement lines using but one wire.
This improvement is not only applicable to Morse's
teegraphic system, but to Cooke and Wheatstone's,
the one atpresent in most general in England and
every other system of electromagnetic telegraph at
present known. This must be of considerable value
to the proprietors, as it will insure prompt dis
patch in business, and doubtless will be generally
adopted
Another improvement is also contemplated and
several works have been copyrighted for the pur-
pose, whereby double the quantity of information
may be written in the same time and space as at
present. BY the present system, every message or
is written in full, or nearly so, by
a peculiarly formed character, made by an instru-
ment in connection with the electromagnetic This
accounts for the very limited reports that are at pre-
sent made by the means of the telegraph, particu-
larry as to the proceedings of public bodies or as
semblaRes. Not more than one quarter of what is
said or taking place at the time, can be given. BY
the proposed system-a species OF stenography-the
characters of Morse's alphabet, are 80 arranged as
to form for each letter or three words to.
gether with series of prefxes and Examinations
brother words, with system of abbreviation, at
the same time retaining all the powers Of the alpha
bet; thus reducing the amount Of writing required
tor any communication, upwards of one halt, and
affording the public double the amount OF nforma-
ton than at present can be given. This must in
crease the value of the telegraph materiay-to the
public press In PARTICULARS the different papers
will thereby be able to give much fuller and more
satisfactory reports Of all proceedings at distance
1t will also be Of considerable saving 10 the different
companies, as double the amount of intelligence
may be communicated through the same number of
wires as at present used Indeed, there is very lit
tie doubt but that, in the course Of a short time,
such alterations and improvements will be made in
the mode OF communicating and writing, by the
electromagnetic telegraph that full reports of pro-
ceedings in the most distant parts of this continent
will be afforded with much facility as the best
reporters can furnish OF proceedings in this city, or
at least, quite much needed, Of all proceedings
at distance.
The line between this city and Phlladelphia
under the superintendent Of Mr. Cornell, is fast
drawing towards completion. The whole of the
wires, &c, between this city and Lambertville, on
the Pennsylvania line, about one hundred miles. are
now completed. On Thursday last series of expert
ments made on the wire which is laid in the bed
ofthe river, from Harlem to Fort Lee This was the
only point on the whole line where any difficulty
was anticipated but the result Of the experiments
was most satisfactory-far beyond the most san
guine expectations of those engaged in its construc-
ton On the Pennsylvania section, beyond Lam.
berville to Philadelphia, everything it is stated is in
like state Of orwardness, so that in the course OF
the ensuing, or the early part Of the following week.
the electromagnetic telegraph between this city and
Philadelphia, will be in full operation; and those
two important marts Of trade and commerce brought,
for all the purposes Of business and information.
within few minutes distance Of each other Yes
terday the wires between this city and Lambert
vile were tested. and found to act perfectly; dis
lance Of near upon one hundred miles from this
city, where the junction is formed with the Penn
sylvania line.
At meeting of the propretors Of the Boston and
New York line, held in this city within the last two
days, the following gentlemen were appointed Off
GERS of the company-A. Sidney Doane, Esq ,IPresi-
dent; j. 7. Marshall, ESQ.,, Secretary Francis
Hall. ESQ.,, Treasurer; Directors, A. Sidney Doane,
Z. ID. Saxton, j. ]. Haly, J. M. Thompson, George
w. Bazin. Esqrs. AT this meeting rules and regu-
lations were adopted for the government Of the
company, together with tariff OF prices
The proprietors Of the New York and Philade-
phia line, meet in this city during the ensuing week.
for similar purposes
ANNEXATION OF 1RELASD.-We protest against the