Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1846-11-30
4 be &C u fai,d. B., a l.1iail


Know that this disrus Of agricultural ihe5rcs has il
p'r arisen irun The fact, thai Is 81 unlikely Il
Hsspef IN his business as speculative farmer Grant
ing thai his sTeculaion yet the proper e1eetn
q them Is essential to sucr and IN tbs latter pafiru
lar, havr the srrtt %. his failure But secnLaiar
farmer may lo very heortiieaI \ man may L.
always trying rev pro ocis and schemes and madrs "a
cultivation, and may acquire The rpuatnn u being the
oreilcnl farmer and Yet every experiment lac make
every new mode 81 culture he adups may b. nj onl,
unphoSph' al. hui directly IN opposition To Che plaints
maxns Il experience and common And thus
~ often dignity with the nanc of 1htat those all
s'rict and crude opinions, which writers Agriculture
prumulg gate, and which have been hased upon sui
hcenlls extensive and well digescd sine- of fcis Il
render them worthy 81 bchef The field II agricultural
experiment T. vast and yarons that We are continual
is liable 10 n drawing general conclusions frln aed
facts The generalization Of particular ppIe,y-rs Il III
age. their ndlscfminstc application u i Of
Try dliier ny climate. sui. and ineai uinz an
Cos has been The fruitful SQUIRE ri iislntical blum
dcrs. and has endeI IN casting positive dis ,rcit upn
itofizue general. without considering HAT the naIne
Il la r has been usurpe and applied 10 crude Assem-
hage Il particular =. DEDUCTIONS Of very small
nnnh o facts obs ryed IN special POSITIONS and dt4tl
tute o all the essential Characteristic Of true Theory
lenee II that many contradictory systems have been
rropsfd IN Agriculture And nd cd other an or puf
sui 81 man hss been So cucumbcrcd with Idle and IN
tunded spcua'lns. Ii Is time h put away thus elnpy
rrisln AM Ia bring the lndnstVc Period II the l}ac
U'ih htt' IiA u Hdl uPu HIS an rs II ldr u1f up
on others. advancing them rapidly to a stat Of nG,tuu.
The spint 81 ths Mclhpl is ir, AS e. lacioi. r,t
Mind 4 theory that Is not lastd uplI oNpeupnrr, AMI
that MT ca ale # explaining the oAcepos 10 H. Own
'sia tishfd ruaIes. and flaf dHe MI involve ~ Tie
facts Hal possibly cut.f inb ils applications. Il i.
lhc PcnlanA Il such he4fY. tlu t1aIsaut-pl rau,f
matur iarl, essential - lis establishment, Mhilea
single eeniHd rerS ohn Us sill 1eni t. overthrow it,
W ~. at allowed 10 draw conclusion. iuan % .orifs
OF iaeta aai observations however extensive. unless
lml al the arts thai p hly affect the con
clu~itn. ave entered lnto thu premises. nlrs' Cd
s'rye IT, llccanllon, shall inevitably my up truth
with lals hu)d,
i,uk IN cNam lie 10 the once famous system Of apfcu
tu,4 inipanc'd nta England b, Jchf, Inl and from
Ihgurr extended almost Throughout the wl,e Of Eurlpr
Having Observed the increased fertility rnn lhor,up6lg
$ IrHa aud lpltei1ng heavy lands aud eoneelyinp III
th' udt WAS alt ge'hgr owiugt the admission II TIN
atm shrlt ntp the III, r-ce- Il the sol he adopted and
lronuiaalr the / iHeN thai lahuur niet rnupy .a
I"o'dH manure. l. apply HE system. lsl1Nne and
manuuHa @tr. abandoned, al km5s OF seed were drilled
and the intervening soil kept constantly snel. The ne
suits VIE very satisfactory Tor few years hut n The
esd, the land lerane exhausted and the cultivation o
England great, delefomtod II was usl 81 On the Con
uucnt Ia iiane halcauglelN aud olL.r advocates
II 1ulis system. found 10 iher cost. thai something
clHc hsldr, us pulHtnzaion Is essential IN the SOIL
Now had Iull cmtentod hulsrll with the clucusla
tlnt il minute mechanical division uI the sui IA essential
t., gol euIc, he would haie been b.fae out full, b,
jhr ags, aud would have conferred lasting benefit upon
agriculture. Further than this he had ~ warrant lar
going and it "as nnphlIaophed to have gcnrnlIzed
m ne eNensVc, upon ncro speculative aud 10 y
trt ul"auauled views win regard Ia the tortlli1lnp
lroieftes 81 thc ateaaph re- And We a. ut Instance
other Theories winch have been. ium the - time al
v'nred rs r,uhrHtn9 tho Nh1I. an at aiac. such a.
thIt, winch u=eill.d all tio rIuhts 81 S. s Ia IL
It,srncl ot Alh5hts and cauh, t.!ls-or HAT which
asrbrd II wholly 10 hums NV mall thos hy p,th,sz
here Is doubtless sonc TRUTH III not the whole Uull h.
causo who the facts only spec the conclusions are
gcne,d Yet the truly philosophical mind will recognise
III all thos S"cnlatos, smr advancement towards the
attainment OF the Truth, WI wa II sitl be
fully attained, ll to be III, highest degree pac
teal
trust II may prove ne" undressing To the Planter,
md Farmers whom have tho homo, hs day To address
to enquire What the agricultural pnnciplts which
Ne may rtgnrd a. tmly established
IhoY may be- reduced In general trns b H., Sc three
ma Minus ,i. That the soil should hr we'll drained M
kept Inc iIum all sulcriuous moisture. 2nd That II
IA uld la thoroughly nod and kept clean and free from
all nnNlous weeds; aud I'd, thai II should b. kept rich II
an Other words thai particle # nnnac which can
Ia collected ought Ia bo applied It, ~ thai II may IN. re.
tanned IN state capable ul yledme rood crops
am aware thai the answer have gwen Is very VAGUE
Tins Is because ul lis generality and conn chclIslyen,ss
Vet IN the skilu application al thosr hnoe axns Ia
particular slils, and climates and productions consists he
whole ant of \grcue; and he who docs Tins in the mos,
SYSTEMATIC manner. and at the least cost Is the most ac
complshod iIuuor
Before cncrlnto any examination ol the frepolnu
principles themselves, and ii their practical applications
must bring together uml,I snec point al view several
ticu6c principles. Ia which shall have occasion con,
stlntlN Ia clcr-prlnclp,s winch may be considered as
established by process, OF induction strictly lonical
LIST. That water Is comp 1and compose ot ilv,lraaen
aud Oxygen. 1hHlt Is capable @, ASSUMING either the
solid, TIN liquid or The a,fo,m state according 10 the
quantity oI heat with which II Is combined That about
1000 degrees oi heat must additionally combine " h VA
III order that II may he converted into vapour 'lni
while water Is passing into yapour, this additional hs is
drawn nlm such Substances may be- IN contact with il
and that the temperature OF these must IN consequence, b
reduced.
2d. That the Atmosphere Is essentially composed Of
Oxygen, Nitrogen aud Cahonic Acid. That the vaponr
of wafer Is always present IN It, and other things heinz
equal IA greater proportion The higher the temperature
o the air That the atm sphere AWAY contains portion
Of hanauia as we'll Is Of Nitric Acid
sd. That all ve9eah Substances consist of two warts
Organic and Inorganic, the / rmcr being about Q . OF
tho Nhae.
1he Organic PM consists Of Carbon. ll>droaun o.
Ngen AM N1n@ee and Is. entirely dlss pated when the
vegetable Il, burned N the open air.
The Inorganic plrl is tint which romaias, after the
burning ot the plnt.n the form efass aud scunnse Of
Various substances, the principal of which are Potash
soda. / me, Magnesa, Alumlna. and the salts which
'ee' are capable 81 uuug with Carhanic. Slice MQi
ra IL, salpluue and Phusphoue acids
III The Mhon OF plants is derived almost exclusively
roll Narhonic sed. which is supplied from sources
LIST aud chiefly. from the atmosphere, 2n1ly from the de
composing vegetable mntter III thu soil.
9TH That the Hydrogen and Oxygen of plants are
derived from water
9th That the Nnro3on is derived from Ammonia and
D.