davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Somerset herald and farmers' and mechanics' register. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 183?-1852, 1846-05-26
UPPER CALIFORNIA.

EXTRACTS FROM LETTER FROM CAPT.
Fremont, U. S. Army, DATED
i" YerJu BucHU. Bay Of 81. Francisco.
Upper California. Jan "a 1916.
"Now, as rapidly as possible, will
tell you where have been, and where |
am going. | crossed the Rocky Mount
aims on the main Arkansas, passing out at
It's very head-water; explored the south
ern shore of the great Salt Lake, and Wis
tied one It's islands. You know that
on every extant map, manuscript or
printed the whole Of the Great Basin is
represented as SANDY PLAIN, barren,
without wafer, and without grass. Tell
your father that, with volunteer party
OF fifteen men, | crossed it between the
parallels Of So and 390. Instead Of a
plain, l found 1t, throughout its whole
extent, srayersed by parallel ranges of
lofty mountains; their SUBMITS white
with snow, October, while below the
valleys had none. Instead of barren
country, the mountains were covered
with grasses OF the best quality, wooded
with several varieties Of trees, and con-
tain;ng more deer and mountain sheep
than we had seen in any previous part oil
our voyage. So utterly at variance with
every description, from authentic sources,
or from rumor or report, is fair to consider
this country as hitherto wholly unex-
pIored, AMI never before visited by a
white man. met my party at the rem
/ devious, lake southeast OF the Pyramid
Lake. and again separated. sending them
along the east.rn side OF the Great Sierra,
three or four hundred miles, in souther-
lly directif n. where they wsre TO cross
nto he val sy Of the St. joaquin, meas
The Somerset herald and farmers' and mechanics' register. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 183?-1852, 1846-05-26
THE NATIONAL FAIR.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,, Nav, IL.
Messrs. GALES & SEAToN: The ene-
mics of American industry are represent
ing in the press that the National Fair,
10 commence on ale goth instant IN this
city, got up by the New England manu-
facturers to advance their own interests.
To disabuse the public mind, and show
the lalsehood Of these representations,
and the fact that the National Fair"
originated here, to counteract the efsffs
of the British manufacturers to nnslead
Congress, and, by securing thef passage
of Mr.. Walkers bill, PROSTATE American
industry and secure monopoly Of the
American market, / request an early pub
lication Of the following letters, in which
the object and origin OF the National Fair
is fully set forth. Yours, &c.
ALEX. RAMSEY.
The Somerset herald and farmers' and mechanics' register. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 183?-1852, 1846-05-26
OFFICIAL.
BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE U.
NIFED STATES OF AMERICA.
A PROCLAMATION.

Whereas the Congress Of the United
States, by virtue of the conditional au-
thority vested in them, have declared by
their act, bearing date this day. that, "by
the act Of the republic of Mexico, state
of war exists between that Government
and the United States;"
Now, therefore, /, JAMES X. Polk.
President Of the United States of Ameri-
ca, do hereby proclaim the same to all it
may concern; and | do specially enjoin
on all persons holding offices. civil or
military, under the au.ho 'ity of the u
nited States, that they be vigilent and
jealous in discharging the duties respect
lively incident thereto; and | do moreover
exhort all the good people of the United
States, as they love their country, as they
feel the wrongs which have forced on
them the last resort Of injured nations, and
as they consult the best means, under the
blessing Of Divine Providence, of abridg-
ing its calamities, that they exert them
selves in preserving order, in promoting
concord, in maintaining the authority and
the efficacy of the laws, and in support
/ ing and invigoratiHg all the measures
which may be adopted by the consntuted
authorities for obtaining speedy, just
and an honorable peace.
In testimony whereof, | have hereunto
set my hand, and caused the seal Of the
United States to be affixed to
| LIS. these presents. Tone at the
city Of Wash ng. on, lhe tlIir.eenh
day Of May, one thousand eisht hundred
and forty-six, and Of the Inte. .'endeHee OF
the United States the seventeen.
i JAMES K, POLK.
By the President:
J,xEs BUCHANAN.
Secretary Of STATE,
The Somerset herald and farmers' and mechanics' register. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 183?-1852, 1846-05-26
TUESDAY, MAY 26, 1916,

in January last, soon after the incorpora-
ton of Texas into our union of States,
Gen. TAYLOR was further "authorized
by the President to make requisition on
the Executive OF that State, for such of
It's militia forces as may be needed to re-
pei invasion or to secure the country a
gainst apprehended INVASION On the
second day of March he was again re-
minded, ''in the event of the approach of
any considerable Mexican force, prompt
ly and efficiently to use the authority
! with which he was clothed, to call to him
such auxiliary force as he might need. !"
War actually existing, and our territory
having been invaded, General Taylor,
pursuant to authority vested in him by
my direction, has called on the Govern
or Texas for four regiments OF State
troops-two to be mounted, and two to
serve on foot; and on the Governor of
Louisiana for four regiments of infantry,
TO be sent to him as soon as practicable.
In further vindication OF our rights and
defence of our territory, / invoke the
prompt action Of Congress to recognise
the existence of the war, and to place at
the disposi N of the Executive the means
of prosecuting the war with vigor, and
thus hasten the restoration of peace. 70
this end | recommend that authority
should be given to call into the public SER
vice large body of volunteers, to serve
for not less than twelve months, unless
sooner discharged. A volunteer force is,
beyond question, more efficient than any
other description of citizen soldiers; and
! it is not TO be doubted that a number far
beyond that required, would readily rush
into the field upon the call Of their coun-
/ try. IIurther recommend that liberal
provision be made for sustaining our entire
military force, and furnishing it with sup
plies and munitions Of war.
The most energetic and prompt mea-
sures; and the immediate appearance in
arms of large and overpowering force,
are recommended to Congress as the most
certain and efficient means of bringing
the existing collision with Mexico to a
speedy and successful termination.
In making these recommendations,
deem it proper to declare that it is my
anxious desire not only to terminate hos.
lilities speedily, but to bring all matters in
dispute between this government ant
Mexico to an early and amicable adjust
ment; and in this view, shall be prepar.
ed to renew negotiations, whenever Mex
leo shall be ready 10 receive propositions
or TO make propositions of her own.
transmit herewith copy Of the cor
respondence between our envoy to Mex
leo and the Mexican Minister of foreign
affairs, and so much oflhe correspondence
| between that envoy and the Secreta-
ry of State, and the Secretary of War
and the general in command on the Del
Norte, as are necessary to full under
standing oil the subject.
JAMES X. POLK.
WASHINGTON, May lIth, 1916.
The Somerset herald and farmers' and mechanics' register. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 183?-1852, 1846-05-26

agents and advocates here. This Mr..
Homer, the representative Of the British
interests, not Only occupies the Capitol,
but the columns of the official paper also
in misrepreSenting American measures
and men, OF which you have had your
full share. Now, | think this whole
thing wrong, but it is approved by the
party in power, and cannot be prevented;
and The only way see to prevent mis-
representation and defeat this British
conlrivdnce to PROSTATE our manufactures.
and with them our national industry and
agriculture, is to have an American COM
miitee-room, where American goods may
be fairly and truly represented, and false
hood met and reluitd on the spot; and
with this view | take the liberty Of sug-
gesting to you, Appleton, and your friends
The propriety OF sending on some compe-
tent person with specimens of American
and British goods, with their true prices,
&c., to be exhibited in the Capitol along
side of this British Manchester concern.
The British manufacturers, it seems TO
me, ought not 10 monopoizs the Ameri
can Capitol, which is now the case, and
will contribute, if not counteracted, to ac-
compl.sh what the British so much desire
the prostration of the American manu-
tactuers, (their hated and dangerous rivals)
not only N the American markets, but in
the markets of the world.
consulted Mr.. Adams as to the pro-
priety of convening the Committee of
Manufactures to invite you, by resolu-
ton, to do what | have suggested; but
when | looked at the character of the
committee, two TO one decidedly anti
tariff gave it up hopeless. and concIu-
ded, on my own responsibility, to address
you on the subject. VIII you do me the
favor to drop me line in reply at your
earliest convenience.
Very respectfully, your obedient ser
want, A STEWART.
Hon. ABBOTT LAWRENCE, Boston.
In pursuance OF the foregoing letter, a
number of gentlemen attended here with
specimens of American manufactures,
when, upon consultation, it was deter
mined to give the following general invi-
tation, viz:
HoCsE OF REPRESENTATIVES,, MARCH
24, 1916.
With view 10 furnish correct informa-
ton liz regard to the character, prices, and
extent of American N. nuiactures, as well
as TO correct misrepresentation on thai
subject, the undersigned respectfully In
vile the artisans, mechanics, and manufac-
lures of the United States to send spe-
cimens Of their various productions, with
their prices,to be compared with British
manufactures sent from MANCHESTER,
and now beng exhibited in The room OF
! the .'Commitlec on Post Offices and
Post Roads" to influence the action oil
Congress in relation TO the proposed
modification Of the tariff.
Andrew Stewart, John Strohm,
james Thompson, John II. Ewing,
Richard Broadhead, jacob Erdman,
Alexander Ramsey, Abm. r. McIlvaine,
Moses MCLEAN, John Blanchard,
James Black, James Pollock,
p. S. Yost, G. Darragh.
James Burlington,
A majority Of these gantlemen after
wards appointed general committee OF
arrangements, who have since superin-
tended the business Of the National
Fair" &c.
The Somerset herald and farmers' and mechanics' register. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 183?-1852, 1846-05-26
VOL. 4.--No. 28.

its head During all the time that was
moi with them, Mr. Joseph Walker was
their guide, Mr.. Talbot (tell his mother
he is well, and does welD in charge, and
Mr.. Kern, topographer. The eleventh
day after leaving them | reached Capt.
Suffers. crossing the Sierra on the 4th
December, before the snow had fallen
there. Now the Sierra is absolutely i'm
passible, and the place Of our pass ,ge two
years ago is luminous with masses of
snow. By the route have explored |
can side in thirty-6ve days from the
F0hfame gui BOu,t* rIcer TO Capt. Sat-
ter's; and for wagons, the road is decided
ly far better. | wish this known to your
father, as now, that the journey has been
made, it may be said this too was already
known. l shall make short journey up
the eastern branch Of the Sacramento, and
go from the Klamath lake into the Wanlah-
math valley, through pass alluded TO in
my report; in this way making the road
into Oregon far shorter, and good road
in place of the present very bad one
down the Columbia. When | shall have
made this short exploration shall have
explored from beginning to end THIS
ROAD TO OREGoN.
Il have just returned, with my party
OF sixteen, from an exploring journey IN
the Sierra NaCaiG, from the neighbor-
hood of Suffers to the heads of the Lake
Fork. We got among heavy SHOWS on
the mountain SUBMITS, there more rug
ged than | had elsewhere met them: sul-
fered again as in our first passage; got
among the ''horse-thieves," INDIANS who
lay waste the California frontier fought
several, and fought our way down into tho
plain again, and back to Suffers. Tell
! your father that have something hand
some to tell him of some exploits Of
Carson and Dick Owenes, and others.
8 | am going now on business to see
some gentlemen on the coast, and VIII
then join my people, and complete our
survey in this part of the world as rapid
ly as possible. The season is now just
arriving when vegetation is coming out in
all the beauty have often described 10
you; and in that part of our labors l shall
crafty all my hopes. fiRd the theory
of our great Basin fully confirmed in having
for its southern boundary ranges Of lofty
mountains. The Sierra, too, is broader
where this chain leaves it than in any
other part that have seen. SO soon as
the proper season comes, and my animals
are rested, we turn our faces homeward,
and be sure that grass will not grow un.
der our feet.
"All our people are well, and we have
had no sickness Of any kind among US;
so that hope to be able to bring back
[ with me all that | carried out. Many
months Of hardships, close trials, and an
xieties have tried NE severely, and my
hair is turning gray before Its time. But
all this passes, et Ie 6On temps riedra."
Boiling Spring river, in English
This is the outside settlement on the
Arkansas, about seventy miles above
Bent's Fort, where old retired hunters
and traders, with Mexican and Indian
wives, and their children, have collected
into some Villages, called by the Mexican
name for civilized Indian villages pueblos,
| where they raise grain and stock.
The Somerset herald and farmers' and mechanics' register. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 183?-1852, 1846-05-26

A majority Of these gantlemen after
wards appointed a general committee Of
arrangements, who have since superin-
tended the business OF the National
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1846-11-13
DIED.,

In this town, on the 28th ult, Catharine
Francis, Oldest child of James W. Johnson
aged years and months
In Fayetteville, On the 3Oth ult., Mr.. NJ r
Vikings, aged Sc, formerly of Wilmington
and for many years highly respected mer
chant of Fayetteville.
At Chapel Hill, on 3oth ult., Mrs. Heller
Caldwell, aged IS, relct OF the late Rev. DR.
Joseph Caldwell.
In Nash county, on the 4th inst, Rev. w
Bellamy, aged about so years, a minister OF
the Gospel of the Methodist denomination.
In Dayie county, On the 9Th ult., VIM. Ma
son. Also on the 14th, Edward Stewart, ageC
80. Also on the same day, John Myers, agct
90. These were all soldiers of the Revolution
and the last of that glorious band in the coun
ty OF Davie.
In Raleigh on the 3lst ult., Mr.. John vii.
son, of Norfolk, Va, in the 57th year OF his
age.
In Raleigh, on the night Of the 9TH inst,
suddenly, Mr.. R. Nicholson
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1846-11-13

tine previously withheld from the market is
now being offered, and sales of $500 bbls.
Washington and Newberh have been made at
$3.50 per $50 lbs. There has been specula-
tive movement in Spirits Turpentine, all TO be
had at so cents, cash. having been taken up,
and it is now in few hands; sales have since
been made at So, and it is principally held at
SC cents, cash, Rosin, and Tar remain as
last noticed.
Rice.-The entire sales of the week, as near
as It is possible to obtain them, amount to 49,
W tics, OF every description at market, from
$3.50 Tor the poor lots OF the old crop. to s4,-
70, cash, Tor the best quality. In anticipation
OF later adyices from Europe, but little ha,
been done since our report CT Wednesday. and
we have no variation to notice as regards
prices.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1846-11-13
GREAT ATTRACTION
THE CHEAPEST GOODS YET!

SEF you want to get the greatest bargains that
- has ever been offered in Wilmington now ia
the time; just call at the
"CHEAP CASH STORE"
The lower one of II. w. Browns New Buildings,
FRONT STREET.
NO NlSTAKE Beautiful Mousline do
Lame, at Is, Is aid IS cts. Cashmeres of all
qualities, Pyremidical Graduated French CASH
mere Robes, Oregon and California Plaids, Cali
Goes at 5, 6, s, 10. IL and Is Cts
SHAWLS! SHAWLSH SHAWLS!I
Cashmere. 1urkeri, Brocha. Plain and En-
broidered; Thibet, Zephyr, Waffle and Blanket,
of all qualities. Black Cloth and black Thibet
Shaws, very cheap.
A beautiful article of Bonnet Velvet; KID
Gloves. A complete assortment of Cotton and
WOODEN Hosiery White Red Yellow and Grcen
Flannels, Angola Wrappers; Whitney and Sar.
wants Blankets; White Coun erpanes French
Merinos; Book and swiss MusIins; Long Lawns;
Irish Linens; lot of very cheap black Alapaccas
Black de LANES and Cashm a complete az.
sortment Of Cloths. Cassimeres, and Vestings, OF
all colors and qualities Cassnetts Tweeds Blue
Twilled Cotton Bed Ticking; Apron Cheeks ;
Canton Flannel; beautiful article of Cloth ia.
BILE Covers; White Toilet Covers; Linen Hand.
keychiefs at l2a cents; i Pocket Handkerchief.
Black and Colored Silk Scarfs, fer gentlemen. A
general assortment of domestics-hleached and
unbeached, very good article, at.64 cents lot
of very cheap Kerseys, with numerous other arti.
Giles, al of which will be sold at astonishing low
prices. A beautiful lot Of fancy colorcd and black
Silks for Dresses. JOHN CAMPER.
Nov'r 10, 1876 Gilt
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1846-11-13

and hope again sprung up. Tie Mexican u
informs began to disappear from the chaparraI
and squadrons of our troops passed in sight,
apparently in pursuit. While was thus nur-
sing the prospect OF escape, beheld not far
from me Misunderstanding ranchero, armed
with an American sergeant's short sword, de-
spatching wounded American soldier, whose
body he robbed-the next he came to was a
Mexican, whom he served the same way, and
thus looked on while he murderously slew
four. drew an undischarged pistol from my
holsters and laying myself along my horses
neck watched him, expecting to be the next
victim but something frightened him from his
vulture-like business, and he fled in another
direction. need not say that had he visited
me should have taken one shot at the enemy
and would have died content had succeeded
in making such an assassin bite the dust. Two
hours after had the pleasure of shaking some
of my comrades by the hand, who were pick
ing up the wounded. They lifted my Mexi-
can friend, too, and am pleased to say, he,
as well as myself, lives to fight over again the
sanguine fray of Resaea de Ia Palma.
Sergeant Milton exhibited to us the certificate which
the Mexican soldier afterwards presented TO him. il is
from The Treasurer of Cnahua certifying that he be-
longed TO the regular cavalry of the sh regiment and
named Carlos Sila- It dated saltillo 18th OF
| April, l646.-lSt. Louis Reviile.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1846-11-13

until the arrival Of the Cambria on the 18th,
her advices, confirming the previous diseoura.
glng accounts respecting the failure OF the cot
ton crop in the United States, had an immedi-
ate effect upon the market. The trade on that
day was greatly excited. There was great
deal of speculative buying, and the market at
tanned further rise in prices, which has been
maintained ever since, and at which it closed
yesterday with great flrmness. Meantime the
spinnefs are loud in their complaints. they
have not obtained any advance in the price OF
yarn, and must, therefore, at the present adj
vanced rates, spin cotton to a loss. Several
mill owners have signifed their intention to
reduce wages, or work short time.
The state Of trade is, of course, considerably
affected by the state of the provision market.
The money, like most of the produce mar
kets, Is IN somewhat depressed state. The
prospects OF the winter are not SO cheering as
they could be desired, but there is nothing to
create such serious apprehensions as many
gloomy minded people are apt to indulge in.
The family of the croakers are very numerous.
Severa! causes have combined to make the
money market less buoyant Amongst them
may be mentioned the rumor which prevails,
that government intend to raise several MIL
lions by loan for the employment OF the starv-
ing Irish. The fact of defaulter to large
amount having been named on the stock ex-
change, has shaken confidence; and finally
the accession of Santa Anna, who, 1t Is stated,
will repudlate the late arrangement between
the Mexican government and the British bond
holders, has given to the foreign the same feel
ing of uneasiness which prevails in the home
market
The sugar market is inactive, and some des-
criptOns a reduction has been submitted to-
The stock has been considerably increased, and
the abundance, combined with extraneous eau
ses, has pulled down prices. In coffee, also,
previous quotations have barely been realized
West India has receded to nearly the exten OF
As. per cwt. East India coffee adapted to the
home market has also declined. Indeed, all
kinds are purchased with caution.
LONDON, Oct. 10.
Naval Stores Tdr-The market having
been more freely supplied, slight reaction in
prices has taken place, but at the present rate
holders manifest tirmness, 800 bbls. Archan-
gel have been sold at It's. 3D., which is Sd
cheaper. Quotations are now. Archangel IS
3D., Stockholm, 9s. Cd. per cwt
pentine.-2000 bbls. rough have lately
arrived, 1000 OF which has been sold at abou
los, and the remainder has been taken fol
Hull, Spirits are less in request, the late rst
in the value caused the market to be more large
ly supplied. Some small parcels have beer
sold at Sos, at which rates the drawers art
now willing sellers.
LIVERPOOL, Oct. 10.
| Rice-The demand has somewhat slacken
ed, and the great inquiry which has existed
for some time, has greatly fallen off at present
The sales amount to 10000 bags at privat
and public sales, which brought the following
rates, viz: 21s. per cwt. for fine bold grane'
and good white, COS for middling white; 18s
to l9s. for good fine,
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1846-11-13
ADVERTISEMENT.
WILMINGTON, NORTH WATER STREET,
November 10th, 1916.

The COMMERCIAL AGAIN.!
would not have taken the trouble and re-
piled to an article in The Commercial Of last
Saturday, were it not for some remarks again
made on the word Dutchman.
1t is true he speaks very highly Of them for
their bravery in war, &C., and he thinks that
tre, or I at least, ought to be proud of it and
ought not to dislike his appelation.
True it is, am proud of the country that
gave me birth, and more SO am |, when | think
of those heroes that shed their blood III defence
of this blessed Republic, and helped to gain the
Liberty which now en- joy, and to shake off
the tyranical government of Great Brltdin.-
At the present time they are not behind hand
in seeing their country righted in the war with
Merfco. Their motto is For Liberty 1re lice,
and for Liberty tie aclH die. Should I then
not dislike the foul assertion of the editors Of
The Commercial in applying the word Dutch
man as slur upon the Nation, and that re-
peatedlyl Yes do, and always will. But a
few more words and / have done with it
The editors seem to have two points why
they think the Dutch ought not But it seems
to me as if they mean to say we are to be es-
timated by them. One is in making Toys and
Gimcracks. had the pleasure of being in
in the city which is called Nuremberg, once,
myself, where the Toys are so largely manufac-
turcd, and in going into the factory l found
children from six to ten years OF age making
those Toys. In looking over the assortment [
found large quantity Of little boys, made out
of wood, with red coats on. On enquiring
what they meant, they told me they were little
Englishmen, but presume ever since Prince
Albert married Queen Victoria they call them
Gimcrocks. Second, they are to be estimated
by some Expectations of Dutchmen, Germans,
and the like No doubt this has been the case
with all Nations in former times, and may be
so now, but think John Bull has been large
ly engaged in that same traffic himself, and
more so than any other nation. In our days
we have to pay passage, and they will not let
US have chance to run away, as they do
sometimes in British vessels, as understand
Git J. VESSEL.