The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1846-07-15
[Cnnlinu.d from Ersl page /

Continued from tirsi page
Goulburn, in Parliament contained in "The Polili-
cal Economist" Of May 30, 1886, and published ~
LOndoni
ming up the sxpeisaes Of ths esuuy all the Gsa,
ures which had Introduced since isla In 1912 du.
were rfGIe s. os .peasa o ' IL s oS four
and in 1913, tpsayeas articles we're reduced am
h'mdrsd ana JorigdgM articles the dens. Soys sirssh
passed the HOUSE OF Commons reduce the nue' On a.,
t.,S ard s; lar ssl Ss a nsr ssPfsi 0S ss s The
sessions beginning with isi2 and snoins WIN s pvs
the duties on 'ssa hand.a Ss ara aaal.s sna one ar
tioles have been entirely repsslsd-artiess too which
nearly all S9ss" iS Ss condition 81 the great masses II
people either In thriF food OF cl9thng OF IN me supply
OF those great staple articles Of material which are SO
essential manufactures and consequently to The IN
dustry ofths country. .a -
excise duties Mr. oouhurn was anxious TO sho~
the experimental which the government has made IA
this wise and enlsa,sned eears q aasneial Y
had not In amy degree Impaired the general state OF our
nasness or added to the permanent debt o. the coany
had been great that Notwithstanding the great redae-
tons every est which could be taken Of the financial con
don OF the country showed that had rather been im
proved than mpsiredp
70 this able exposition of the successful opera
uon Of the free-trade principles so far they have
been introduced, Il 10 unnecessary for me TO add
anything in the way of comment The facts here
set forth pay high compliment to the wisdom of
those statesmen who sustained and carried out such
liberal and just alterations m her commercial and
financial policy. Shall we turn deaf ear To what
ia going on around usl Now that the great plat.
form upon which the advocates Of protection rallied
TO defend high duties, has been swept from under
them-whIch was, that foreign nations imposed high
duties on our productions, and therefore we must
rssaie by imposing equally high duties upon their
manu- featured goods-shall We not also abandon
this ruinous system 3.
haa al we "
qure upon what principles they are based. Mon
arches, at best, stand upon monopohes, either
achieved by tho sword or created by the sanction Of
legal enactment or long-continued usage.
Regal governments, then, being supreme, may un-
dertake to control the labor Of the country, well
as its wealth; but democratic and republican insuu-
toms based upon equal rights and privileges
There the people govern and oonsttute the sovereign
authority. Why, then, in this case, should they
direct their agents and representatives 10 make laws
directing them how To apply their labor and eapail
Is the sovereign 10 ask bis serranf TO direct him ohai
to dot In free America we scout the idea. Let
kings say their shares, Do this or, Do do that
The freemen of America successfully asserted and
maintained their liberty in l776. The democracy
nov are indicating the freedom Of labor and enter
prise to seek its employment, and the right OF
the people TO sell where they get the highest
price, and TO purchase wherever they can buy on
the best terms.
II was the pride and boast of our great men who
framed our government to have proclaimed religious
freedom. Christianity, in this confederacy, is I'M
trammelled by law, and unawed by power. Nay,
sir, its position is elevated and expanded, not only
because OF the freedom IL enjoys, but because the
churches here rely for support upon what Is termed
the voluntary principles while in Europe, the
churches are supported by laW, or rely upon the
compulsory principle. Our churches depend for cup
mort upon whatever each person thinks proper, of
his accord, 10 give; and church here has pre-
oedence another. But in Europe the religion
is established by law, and the people required by
Iac 10 pay much to support the established church,
whether they belong to that church not. After
paying his church rates thes, then, if not mem
Der Of the proeeisi church, why, he has to support
his church by voluntary contributions. In this
country all prefer freedom of religion and the
voluntary principle Of supporting churches. Then
why cannot the labor and industry Of the country
be trusted to the same voluntary principle is it,
member in front Of me remarks, because you
think Of your bodies than you do Of your souls
A wise people adapt their pursuits to the circum-
stances Of their country. We have vast and ex-
tensve territory--one greatly superior to that pos
sessed by any other nation the globe for agricu
tural purposes. Our boundaries from ocean TO
ocean. Within have large inland and
mighty rivers. SIperaddedt to these advantages, we
boast Of posses ius the best and freest government
IN the world. Orpsople are worthy of their desti-
ny, and are commemorate to any undertaking. We
have hundreds of mihoos of acres Of public lands
now unsettled and even the old States are not very
densely populated. Every in this country can II
he think proper, for mere pittance, become land
holder. But how is il abroad What is the
don of manufacturing Europe in this respect In
answer to this, must be allowed to cite few pas
sages from late work by Micheet. 70 r,..
In his late work, "The People," he observes,
that the land of France belongs TO fifteen TWEEN
ty millions Of peasants sho cpiuae IL; the land OF
England, TO an arislocracy of thIrty-two thousand
individuals, who get it cultivated" Fn. r-,"
he
IN America. "The land in England belongs TO aris
iocrdcy Of hirtyco thousand, toho ger IL cuiieaed"
This Is the condition of the greatest manufacturing
country under the sun, This ia the country WHERE
agriculture has been most extravagantly protected
This is the country where the people are land
holders-whose exploded doctrine of protection
TO cherish and sustain. This is the country
possessing more capital and population within her
limits than she can furnish with small fdrms,
support by agriculture, that are to initiate in
enslaping and degrading our people, to enable
manufacturing capitalists to sell their goods cheap
as they do in Great Britain. Thirty-two thousand
arsocratic landholders in England opposed the late
repeal of the corn law. Perhaps about as many
wealthy manufacturing arisoorats in this country
oppose the reduction of the tariff In both countries
the contest is between capital and labor. The de-
mocracy cannot, and do not hesitate which of the
two to support and in sustaining the interest of man
against the exacton Of the grasping capitalist,
not for the lamentations of those who have
grown tat Dy Wnat pau laws unluStly granted To
them IL is enough for them to enjoy what they
have already gained, and in reducing the tariff we
want the people to enjoy the full rewards of their
labor
Permit to cite a few more passages from the
same author He observes, in speaking Of France,
that, "ln l795, excellent observer, Arthur
Young, surprised and alarmed at seeing the
land so divided" In 1873, the Able de st Pierre
Observes that in France the toorkng class hare al
most all garden and strip Of a Vineyard or a
field" IT, another place, when treating of the
almost indomtable desire amongst the French PEG.
Pile 10 acquire land, he remarks that "for few
feet of vineyard, the Burgundian woman takes
her bosom from her own child's mouth, and puts a
strangers it, weaving her own before it's time"
Thou may'st live, may'st die" says the father;
"bot il thou Iiveet my son, thou wilt have land"
IL not this hard, almost an impious thing to sayi
Think peH before you pronounce it, Thou wilt
have land" That means, "Thou wilt not be hire
iiag--,aken to-day, discharged to morrow Thou
wilt not have to ,iape for thy daily bread, but thou
wilt be free"