Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1845-1851, 1846-06-03

IL
and 50 far as proposed to make it one, it was for
the British, aud not for ourselves and so ends this
redoubtabe line up IL which III true patriots were to
march, and matching, feh ! and fighting die if
need be singing all the while, with Horace
Du'ce ri d~co' I'm es' gro pa 'rie n,ori'
Stcect and dcceai ii is 10 die for ones country
And this is the end Of Tat great line all gone
vanished evaporatcd into hin air = and the place
where it was to be found. Oh mountain that was
delivered OF mouse. thy name shall hCnceforth lie
fty-our forty. Aud thas, Mr.. President, trust |
have exploded one of the into which tic public
mind has been led and which it is necessary to ret
rid Of before can find the right place for our Ore
gon boundaries.
proceed to another part of the same family-the
dogma Of tie unity and indlysibiliiy of the Oregon
title, and It's resulting corolary of all none. 1t is
assumed by tie friends Of Oregon" to be all one
title all the way from ~ deg up to 81 deg 40 min
no break in it and consequently, Z" ali or none 5" is
the only logical solution which our claim TO il can
receive Well, this may be brave and patriotic but
is it wise ard true! And can we, with clear con-
sciences, aud without regard to consequences pass
law upon that principle, and send agents there to
execute it These the questions which present
themselves to my mind, and in answering which
wish to keep before my eyes tie first half of the great
maNim-ask for nothing bit ,chot IS right. answer
then that 1t is not true that title to what is called
all Oregon is not one but several that it consists of
parts and is good for part and bad for par and that
nothing Just or wise be determined in relation to
1t without separating these parts into their proper
divisions, and giving 10 each division the separate
cons liberation and judgment which belongs to it.
THUS the tile 20 tie Columbia river and is valley
WAS complete: the claim to Frazers river.and its
valley began; and the claims to the islands and
COASTS rests upon different state Of facts and a d-
ferent principle of national law, from that which
applies 10 the continent.
The lille to the Columbia river ard It's valley rests
upon discovery and settlement, and was complete
before our acquisition Of the Spanish title I'm 1919
The claim to frazers river and It's valley and to tie
coasts and islands in front of it, began in 1910 and
rests upon the discoveries of Spanish navigators and
OF these discoveries, the islands and the continent
have very different degrees of evidence to exhibit
mention these differences of title as facts too well
known to require documents to prove them and the
bare statement of which should be sufficient to explode
the dogma of the unity and indIvisibility Of tie
Oregon title. 1t is not al one HHe." 1t is not
good - for al a. none" 1t is not unity. There
are breaks IN II; and these breaks are sufficiently
large to cover large geographical divisions Of the
country, and require separate consideration and udn-
mcnt That consideration will be given at the propcr
place: al present limit myself to the correction Of
the error, widely spread the public mind tlt
tho Oregon title is all title from II deg TO u
der. 40 min
to the line of Utrecht the existence of
which Is denied upon this floor by Senators whose
fate Ii seems to be 10 assert the existence of line
Is.
clerk in the department of State has compiled a
volume OF voyages and treaties and, undertaking to
set the world right, las denied that commsarIes ever
met under the treaty of Utrecht and fixed boundaries
between the British northern and French Canadian
possessions in North America That denial has been
produced and accredited on this floor by Senator in
his place (AIr Cass;) and this production of blum
derng book, with this Senatorial endorsement of IFS
assertion, lays under the necessity of correcting
third error which the - ffty-four fores hug to
their bosom, and the correction of which becomes
necessary for the vindIcation of history the estab-
lismen Of political right and the protection Of the
Senate from tie suspicion Of ignorance
| Affirm that the line established; that the /
commssarles met, and did their work and that what
they did has been acquicsced in by all The powers
interested from the year I7l3 down to the present
time. This Is my affirmation; and, in support of it,
and without repeating any thing said heretofore |
shall produce P,oofs, and tab some new {
positions the first of which is that this line was
enforced by us (wthou any thing else but the treaty
of Utrecht to stand upon for fifteen years-from lsC3
TO lSlS-as tie northern boundary line of Louisiana
and submitted to such by tie British government:
and British traders thereby kept of eur territories
west OF the Mississippi, while own treaties let
them into our territories this side CT The river In
word Will show that this trcaY Of Utrecht saved
us from calamity for fifteen years, in our new ter
ritery Of Louisiana. acquired from France, which the
treaty OF peace of 1883, and MIR Jays treaty Of l7sl
exposed to IN our old territories Of the United
states, conquered for us by fathers in the war of
the revolution This is my first position and THIS is
tie case winch sustans it,
In the year iSt3 the United States acquired Loui-
slana, and with 1t became party to all the treaties
which concerned the boundaries of that province
The treaty Of Utrecht one of these and the par
aile OF iortynine Of the lines established b il
and governing its northern boundary. We soon had
SION Tor the protection of that boundary Span
ish connivancc and weakness had suffered Erits,
fO tln ;vl r.
ana. from the lake of the Woods tie head-waters
OF the Missouri riyer and on our acquisition of that
province we found these traders in the actual posse,-
sion :" the Indian trade throughout all that extensive
region. These traders were doing immense mischief
among our Indians on this side of the M.ssissppi /
by poisoning their minds and preparing them for war
against the United States. The treaty of peace ard
Mr. Jay treaty, under the deusyc idea of reci,ro
city, gave them this privilege of trade in the old
territories Of the United States. Experience Of lis
evil effects had taught lesson of wisdom; and while
vaInly striving to get rid of the treaty stipuations
which admitted these Indians on this side of the
Mississippi river the treaty of Utrecht was eagerly
seized upon TO expel them from the other. Mr.. a
Jfreenhows compilation was not published at that
time, and Mr.. Jefferson and his cabinet, proceeding
according to the lights of their little farthng candles
in the absence of that vast uminary Just took the a
line of or.y-ninc the northern boundary Of Lou, I
siana, and drove all the British traders to the north
of that line. c
These traders complained loudly and appealed 10 c
their government; but the British ministry inst as c
much IN the dark as Mr.. Jefferson and his cabinet
refused to take official notice of the complaint only c
presented it unofciay to the United States Ministers
in London, and asked favor not as a riol,t the
privilege of trading in Louisiana south of 10 der t
Of course this favor was not granted and thu, Brit
sh traders were excluded from Louisiana bv the a
treaty of Utrecht, while admitted into the old north =
west territory Of the Union by virtue of our treaties If
with Great Britain. The treaty of Utrecht did for p