The daily union., 1846-04-30


has told anecdote Of merchant Who boasting OF
his profits, said he had doubled his capital in the
course OF day, And being asked how, replied, he
) had put new marks upon his goods, and thus dou-
: bled the prices. And when told Of the increased
value, which improvement and settlement give TO a
new country this is the answer of the honorable
senator. can tell that honorable senator, that il r
not by such marks these, that wilderness gives
place to towns, and villages, and farms The forest
Is brought down by far different marks-by industry,
and enterprise, and privaon, and want and suffer
ing, Mr.. c. said, he had often thought it required
more moral courage for a man TO 20 into
thick forest with an axe upon his shoulder, 10
open farm, than to 90 into battle. The money OF
the settler is generally exhausted in the pur-
chase Of his land and in preparatory arrangements
He begins with but little besides his own energy,
and for years perhaps he has TO struggle with diff
cutes which no man who has not seen can appre-
ciate-and with family around him 10 excite his
solicitude as well as to share his prystions, He 10
ultimately rewarded, but his reward comes afef
many day Of toll and night 9f trouble. Is moth
4 rkat p6pulalion las buis up !sr ssssrn 90 siSsy
IL has given TO your treasury almost Two hundred
millions Of dollars. IL has enriched your domain
which yet embraces more than one thousand mil
lion Of acres including the ceded and unceded In
dian claims. Will you do nothing Will you have
your bond your pound Of flesh, and your blood
too'-you own, or have owned, the whole country
The first payment to be made must be made to you
The whole value Of the country passes from the
pockets Of individuals into the treasury Of the public
Are we TO 90 on (said Mr.. C.) doing everything
and you doing nothing You do not even pay your
share Of the ordinary expenses Of State government
without which property would be valueless and so
ciety could not exist. You have the benefit OF our
taxes, but pay none yourself For (Mr, C. said) he
put out Of view the poor consideration offered for
this exemption on the formation Of State govern
ments which the Territories must accept, or leave
your land wholly free under the original ordinance
| Mr. G. said he doubted whether there was another
| government on the face Of the earth which would
have settled such country at so small an expendi-
ture or such slight encouragements.
Let US not be told we have been told, that it is
not for the government to take any measures TO
courage the progress Of settlement. What would
| this country now be, if the Allegheny bounded the
republic' What would be its prospects, if an inter-
dict laid upon the further advance Of its citi-
zens' How long before the scenes which affict hu-
manIty in the Old World and every day threaten
its repose, would be transferred here? How long be.
| fore dense population would he seen seeking un
certain employment and would find scanty sub
slstence, and that not without the aid of public
| bounty, barely sufficient to prevent starvation
| When the population Of country is surrounded by
such clrcumsta ces, the evil becomes a social and not
a political one-incurable, without an entire reor-
| ganzatIon Of society. Strong minds, pressed down
by adverse difficulties, make themselves felt in ef
forts directed against the government. The acqui-
ston Of property utterly beyond the reach of great
| masses Life holds out no hope of a comfortable
support in its decline. Here strong minds and strong
passions may receive different and safe direction.
They have no reason TO wage war against social or
political systems. moderate share of industry
will give to every farm, on which he can sit
down and surround himself with his family. Land
| owners, as a class, are unknown in this country.
We are all stimulated by the hope Of those rewards
which within the reach Of all Our extensive
domain invites enterprising young men to occupy
| and improve it. Instead Of being shut up in cities
| and employed in manufactures, and witnessing the
scenes which such state Of things bang With hsm'
II. shsy GEEK new, L.--.- ia the ySus., acquire
land and have thus most permanent interest in the
| prosperity Of the country. ~
Mr. G.. said that in his opinion one of the first
elements in the safety and stability of our insuu-
tons this very power Of emigration and settle
ment. Many strong mind, which might excite
difficulties kept down by adverse circumstances in
the midst of dense population finds free scope for
enterprise and exertion the vast domains of the
West. And for long generations to come, while this
outlet is open, and these rewards thus held out he
believed we had nothing to fear for the permanency
of our institutions. Mr.. C.. did not consider il ne
cessary advert to other considerations connected
| with the growth and progress of our republic
These sufficiently obvious and find sufficient re-
sponse in every American heart.
Independently ofthe more general views, to which
Mr.. c. had already alluded applicable to the whole
| national domain and which dictate the necessity of
local Improvements on the part of Congress as the
means of enhancing the value Of the public property
| Mr.. g. said there other considerations which APP
piled with peculiar force to the State of Michigan
large portion of that State consisted of penn-
sula, projecting as 1t were into the British domn-
ions. No can foresee what, or how soon exer-
tons may be required to repel make attacks in
| that quarter. We should be prepared for reasona-
BILE contingencies This bill contemplates the com
petlon of a railroad, and the making Of canal al |
most parallel with each other, but at considerable
distance apart, across the peninsula If carried into
effect, they will greatly facilitate all necessary COM
municaons For four or five months in the year
nature interdcts navigation in all that region. At
that time road is Indispensable preserve prop
er communication. Should circumstances suddenly
require increase of force upon border ad ioin
ing Canada, railroad would enable the government
to place it there speedily and economically. But, be-
sides, from Lake Erie to Lake Huron, a large
part of the water communication is commanded by |
the Canadian shore. There is indeed no probable |
state of things that be foreseen, which, in the
event Of hostllitles, could prevent US from taking
possession of that portion of Canada. Apart from |
other considerations the disparity of physical force
too great to permit any doubt to the result. |
But such operations demand time, and before they
could be completed, positions might be taken on the
eastern side of the Detroit and st. Clair rivers |
which would forbid all communication between |
Lake Erie and the country above. Our intercourse
then, must De malntaneu Dy rOaus or canals across
the peninsula, and that intercourse might be essen
ral to the defence Of tire country. The last war
taught US some lessons, which, If another should
unhappy come, ought to be turned to profit. Our
principal effort would undoubtedly be made be-
low; bat still no portion of the country would be
yielded without struggle, nor gained without pow
erful exertion Mr. G. said he hoped that such a
state of things would not arise Still, prudence
at all times dictated that should look to probable
consequences, and, as far as may be- guard against
them. Mr.. c. said that his colleague had explained
so ably and clearly his views ofths whole matter in
speech honorable to himself, and satisfactory to
the Senate that he did not feel it necessary to go
into all the details there explained His colleague
had shown the financial condition ofthe State and had
shown concusvely that its inability to pay its debt
resulted from circumstances beyond its control. Il
had been cheated swindled by the banking insttu-
lions, in a manner that ought to send individuals to
penitentary. A large portion of its bonds had
passed from 1t without the slightest consideration,
and many of them, it is believed under circumstan-
ces that would justify court of equity in
interposing relief. Every citizen in the State IS