The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1846-12-09


hensive protection and encouragement only Of
uaeufes but also OF agriculture, commerce, and nayga-
on ana the labor connected with every branch OF Amer
lean industry, ..........
Table hereto annexed, shows that the aggregate value
OF cotton rice, wheat rye, Indian corn oats and barley
was on the 3Oh of july $780, under the old tariff $i93
33 go6 and on the LIST December, 1sl6, when the
tariff went into effect 5000 psf 565-making an aggregate
difference IN the price of Sll5,o55,650.
II is true, that the failure OF certain crops in Great Brit
ain and the continent has TO extent affected prices
freight low exchange, &c-which in the absence of re-
duced duties, must have kept the prices 30th July and
Isl December more nearly the SAME. ,r..r,
II, however, but sixty millions be added BY the new
tariff to the value OF the products OF agriculture and the
profits OF commerce and navigation than one-ha
would be employed in purchases OF domestic fabrics
which, IN the absence OF those augmented means and
profits, could not have found market fair prices az
home abroad. Whilst vast sums have been, and still
are, being expended by the construction OF railroads.
mails, and other improvements transport products
great seaboard Cities when they reach those points
the farmer and planter instead OF finding the
highway prepared 10 carry their crops free OF all toll
tax, 10 all the world met the laws OF their govern
ment closing In whole ia part that highway TO those
markets for their products by heavy duties nearly all
the fabrics that can be sold in exchange
The labor employed IN agriculture, commerce, and
gaton is much American labor that engaged in
manufactures, with less of machinery as a substitute
As you depress these three great interests the demand for
woTkmen in those pursuits Is diminished The labor thus
deprived OF employment is thrown into the power of the
manufacturers, and must enable them to bring down
wages TO the lowest point which will afford scanty sub
slstence whereas, II agriculture, commerce, and nayga
ton improved the result OF low duties there must
be increased competition and demand Tor labor, and Its
wages must be enhanced.
The home market can never be sufficient for our rapidly
increasing agricultural products; but 1t for all
uactures, and for a vast amount besides, which is I'M
ported yearly from abroad Let enlarge the market for
our own manufactures at home, BY removing taxation
and restrictions from agriculture commerce, and nayga
ton, and with augmented means those engaged in these
pursuits will furnish a larger and better home market
|
series OF by diminishing the profits OF other pur
suits by high duties and restrictions The great
body OF American consumers not engaged in manuac
lures the customers OF the manufacturer and TO affect
nuriousy the means of those who purchase must event
ualy diminish the profits OF those who sell the manuac
lures. BY extending our own commerce, agriculture,
and navigation by increasing the profits OF those engaged
III those pursuits, by relieving them from heavy taxes,
and opening them unrestricted exchanges with all the
world far larger and better, and permanent and
eventually more profitable home market will be secured
10 the manufacturers than they ever derive from
diminishing the of their customers engaged in
other pursuits When the farmer and planter, the mer
chant and navigator most prosperous they will pur
chase more OF American well as foreign manufactures
In this labor, untaX and unrestricted by egsla
ton, will find its way into the most natural channels and
prosperous pursuits and the aggregate wealth OF the
whole nation will advance most rapidly. Thus, whilst
large and profitable market, dependent Legislative
bounties, restrictions, taxes, will be built mp at
home for manufactures, the foreign market for
them will be extended by reeT exchanges The export Of
manufactures last year amounted value to 80 $685.
$40, which must go rapidly augmenung under more
liberal commercial policy Such of our manufactures as
from their interior location other causes, do not
quire high duties, constituting far the larger portion of
the whole are especially, greatly injured BY the proec-
tive system and the higher the Duties the greater the
sutng injurious effects They injured both the
home and foreign market The injury arises in the home
market by diminishing the OF their customers here
purchase their fabrics; and they injured in the for
eign market by restrictions upon the exchanges there of
their eSpats OF home manufactures for foreign imports
Under system of low duties, all our exports would be
greatly augmented, and should LARGELY
only breadstu provisions cotton, rice and tobacco, but
also, in time, sugar and moasses and ultimately large
WOOL hemp and cotton, Already Indian corn has be-
come new article OF export and in time, by system of
liberal exchanges with all the world, iron would take It's
place our list of exports TO foreign countries.
1t is unwise and unjust, is repugnant to equal
rights and republican principles, TO force by legislation
any class of the community TO buy from sell only to
another. High duties are equivalent to a legislative
solve that the farmer shall buy and sell only the home
market and not to any extent any OF the other
kets of the world Such system necessarily brings into
conflict the interests OF the classes composing the
Union, and class is depressed for the benefit of
ther But by opening all the markets home and abroad
to all our people engaged IN every pursuit agriculture,
ing antagonist interests, would soon all be united and
hamonized in advancing together the public welfare,
Such tariff must satisfy all classes and all branch
es of industry, placing this great question permanent
basis taking it, well all the pursuits of business,
out of the OF politics. and out of the struggle TO ad
depress rival political parties aspirants So
long is sought to advance particular branches of
dusry at the expense of others, by high dues the tariff
will be of lending political agitation, rem
derng uncertain all the pursuits of business defyng all
calculation to the investment of capital hucuatng
with every election, and rising falling with the sue
cessive elevation downfall of political parties. No
tariff ever can be permanent which forces the American
people, for the benefit of any class portion of them
buy sell only such market may be prescribed by
law. Such system, although might for time obtain
transient victory cannot ultimately and permanently be
sustained by the American people.
The British corn laws and tariff of 1912 were iden-
teal in principle, although applicable to different imports
In England the effort was, by the corniaws, build up
home marke for agricultural products at the expense
manufactures. Here the effect was by protective duties
in favor of manufactures to impair the market abroad for
surplus agricultural products In England it call
ed the protection of agrcuure here, the protection OF
manufactures. In England, the blow aimed at manu-
features; here the injury inflicted agriculture COM
merce, and navigation To build up an adequate home
market here, for vast and rapidly augmenng agricul
tura products by taxes the exchange of exports in
foreign markets, impossible il would be
tablish sufficient home market for British manufactures
BY the corn laws Manufactures the great British
exports, and agricultural products the chief American
exports and any restriction upon the exchanges of either
in the foreign Market to which exports must always
look for purchaser must be disastrous its effects
The runous consequences OF the protective system hav
ing been proved England by her most enlightened
statesmen and demonstrated by experience it has been
surrendered there by most OF those who sustained here
tofore, under the lead of its former able and
distinguished advocate; and now, when it has failed
abroad, after reducing millions there want and misery
asked, after its overthrow there and here to
establish at home the condemned and abandoned British
protective policy. AT the very time when the markets OF
Great Britain opened to products by the repeal OF
her laws, desired to prevent their operation
in of those pro6cts nv high prohbitory