Herald of the times, and Rhode Islander. [volume] (Newport, R.I.) 1846-1849, 1846-07-02
SPEECH OF
MIR. STEW ART,
or PENNSYL VANIA,
In Defence OF The PROTECTIVE POLICY.

:: Deiieered in The House of Representatives. Of q
: U, S., May 21h, 1876.
$ [coscIUDYp'
II How was il that Southern gentlemen con-
shut their eyes 10 The result oftbeir own UNIV i,
pollcyf Let them look how they stood. an
then look at the North. The North aprlie
their shoulder TO the wheel they went to wor
70 better their condition they husbanded the
own resources they employed and Oversize
their labor they lived upon their own means
Kept their money at home to reward their ow
industry, instead of ioolishly sending it abroa
to purchase what they could so well and 5
prohtafly supply at home. But South Care
! lima and her southern sisters would touch nell
er hammer noI ,nnIte. They sent away thei
! money to New ..ugland. And what was In
consequence oi these two opposite systems =
SCUM Carolina was poor and dependant, whll
| New England was independent and prosperous
South Carolina, when the Federal Constitution
was adopted, had five representatives, Nonl
Carolina five, and Virginia ten representative,
on The iloOr. They all cherished deadly hos
llllty to every thing connected with the manu-.
iactureS, internal Improvements, and progress
OF every kind They denied to this Govern
ment the power of sell.proteclion and self i'm
provement; they went for the standslill, lie
down. go-to-Sleep, let-us-alone donohing policy;
they had tried 10 live on whip Syllabub political
metaphysics and constitutional distractions un-
III 1t had nearly starved them Ia death, while
the Northern States had wisely pursued The op-
poNlle policy and what had been The effect on
their relative prosperity New York began
with six representatives in that hall now She
had thlrty-lour. Pennsylvania began with
eight, and now She had twenty-four. Virginia,
with North and South Carolina, had commenc-
ed wnh twenty representatives, and New York
with six now they have, altogether, thirty and
New YORK alone has thlIty-iOur Such are the
lruIls OF The opposite systems Of policy adopted
by the North and the South. Judge the tree by
It's nuts. VIII men never learn wisdom from
lie would rejoice to see the South
as prosperous and as happy as the NORTH
They had all the elements of wealth and pros
perlty IN proiuson around them---lhe raw
materials and bread stuiiS minerals, and water
power IN abundance, running 10 waste. II they
would allow him to offer them advice, il would
be abandon an exploded and ruinouS policy
follow the example of The North, and share in
heir prosperity, Instead of coming here re-
'lnng and complaining that the North was
'ich and prosperous making forty or flty per
,ent profit on their capital, whilst the South
realized but four or five, just turn round. quit
your four or i've per cent profits, and go to
work at forty or fifty. II the tariff was con.
ined to the North, you might complain but il
was free to all alike-Nonh and South, East
md West. Go Ia the hammer and the loom,
he furnace and The forge, and become pros.
'erous IN your turn. All these blessings are
within your reach, If you will put forth your
lands TO grasp them they are offered freely
o your acceptance. You have not only all the |
dvanlages enjoyed by the North for mahufac. /
urin2, but you have others Superadded you
upply the raw material, and above ALL YOU
ave idb0r Tithom r0ges, perfectly available
or such purposes the hands of the young aud I
Id, now useless for the field might in factories
ecome highly profitable and productive opera.
YES. Take hold, then, on the same industry
Which had made New England great, and e>.
ecially on those branches OF it which New
.ngland now could and would spare Then q
oulh Carolina would be, thus far, lndcpen. !
ent both of New England and Of all the
'orld She could no longer hope to compete 5
nth Texas and the rich lands Of The Southwest +
} the production of cotton. Her worn out 5
eldS must sink in a contest with the virgin !
DilN of the new States Then let her address c
erSelf To manufacturers The gentleman from Il
Outh Carolina seem To observe, with grief and q
IVY, that New England was enjoying profits of !
ON forty 10 fifty per cent. What If she did 7 o
She gave that To South Carolina for six cents II
II yard which Carolina once could not get
ON abroad under thirty-six, the question for r.
irollna to look at was not what profits New r'
lgland mdde but what prices she ch0rgod her. u
hat gentleman wanted his State to 20 to old q
lgland for all she required. We were all to u
pend on Europe for our manufactured arli- d
eS Foreign countries were To enjoy eXclu u
'ely the profitable business yielding forty and re
~ per cent, while we were all to turn farmers,
d Join the gentleman in working as he said dl
+ profit of four and five per cent, and again ST
We old England twenty-five cents yard for pa
lat New England now offered them for Siy.- 81
as not this palrioticl Was it not noble, AN en- IN
'ged American policy ? England was TO be m
owed to monopollze all the probable business, vi
result Of labor.Savlng machinery, while we "a
ne To content ourselves with the plough and bl
; hoe, and profits at the rale of five per cent. a
as that the policy for America TO pursue D.
ey might be Americans who recommended it, IL
they were certainly playing into the hands I
our transatlantic competitors. II manuiacl- IN
nc was such profitable business as these co
lllcmen represented 1t to be, why not let A 10
rlcans have II rather than foreigners - ~
nv not seep our money and our profits to Ia
-SelveS instead of giving both to The labor Of ru
eat Britain The profits of manufacturing WI
re chiefly owing To the use and constant i'm th
'vement OF labor.Savlng machinery The =.
ing OF labor and the increase of human ol
yer produced in this manner was almost in nj
culablt. Ev lis aid one feeble woman was &c
bIed To accomplish more IN a day than III
uld pay for The productions of forty able yl
led hardhanded men without il. Did gen. an
men desire, and was 1t their policy, 10 let pc
gland enjoy all this benefit, and keep il 10 ne
sell aN a monopoly Il was this and this We
ne, that kept The British Government from ca
kruplcy. This prolific source of wealth l5
power enabled the British people TO stand ~
under debt Of four thousand millions of ~
lars, and To pay taxes to the Government a. NJ
uniting to more than two hundred and I;ftv ay
lions every year. This was the result of pa
immense labor-Saying machinery. Was an
lc policy of gentlemen to let England have ~
profitable business OF manufacturing oil to Wt
SELF That seemed to be- The policy of The 81
relary OF the Treasury. Indeed, he had t'r
wed It IN his report tu he his settled policy co
reak down the manufacturers of our own Sy'
nlry, and derive his revenue fom British ere
other foreign goods. Ills policy was TO up
ease revenue by increasing lmpOrlationS II IN
, n he would reduce The average Of duties thi
ne half Uf course, 10 get The same amount To
evenue, We must double our imports. This me
manifest aud undcnlahlc. Our present pr,
urS amounted To one hundred millions to lru
" out the Secretaty's plan We must raise rev
n to two hundred millions. Our exports as
e about one hundred millions, and of course We
hundred millions ~ specie would be ~. the
-ed annually to pay the balance The rcl
be specie of The country had never been c>- say
,trI nj tp.ra tbnu atyhtV pttIl,.ny II,,r . nm