The daily union., 1846-06-29

on castings, bars, rods, sheet iron, vices &C, the
duty imposed Is SO per {, ,2O5 pounds. On boilers.
ron plates, &e., the duty Is si5 per 2205 pounds
which must amount 10 prohibition. They are much
higher than the duties imposed by our tariff on the
same aTtIClts.
Thus It appears that in nearly all the countries
which the Hon. Mr Mcllyaine has cited in which
lOW Pnces aud low wages prevail the protective syS-
tsm GEtstJ "a rs m0Si OdiOuS form la respect to
many articles which constitute the leading protected
saPes OF this country, IN some Of the countries re-
eHed TO they amount to prohibition. | might
leave the subject here but prefer to refer the hon
oTable gentlemen TO two more countries in which
the protective system (misnamed such) exists 10 It's
most oppressive forms. They are Russia and
Spain.
RUssid All manufactures Of cotton except nan
keens aud few other trIhing arcles, prohibited
All woolen manufactures, with very few excep-
tons, are prohibited n5"lRoS-Pennsyya wanna 5
stSPle-In pigs, bars, manufactured, assorted, and
| square, Is prOhibuisd. SugaT, refined, lump, and
candy, is Prohibisd great variety Of other arIl-
cles are also prohibited by the tariff Of Russia.
The following arc the wages Of agricultural labor:
Field labor is performed by the slaves belonging
TO the estates Of their mastefs, where they are
hired out from IS to SIS per year. Common OF
daily aborers IN the large towns and cites earn from
20 TO 80 ceRts per day."-Ss consular reports,
House Doc. No. g. 2sh Con- ID session. p. 1879,
Spain All cotton manufactures are prohibited
Stockings, lead, pewter, and more than one hun
dred other ARTICLES prohibited WOOlIen manuiac-
lures pay from ~ to 50 per cent ad valOrem. Iron,
in pigs, Is per cent in Spanish vessels. In bars.
wedges, &c, ~ per cent m Spanish, and 81 per
cent IN foreign vessels. These rates are quite
high those imposed iron by our own tariff
The wages Of agricultural labor in Spain are as
follows vlne-dressers and gardeners 80 TO 40 cents
per day. held laborers 20 To 80 cents--Stt same re-
port abOvs cited.
For the rates Of duties in all the countries above
named, my authority is .heGregor'J Commercial
Statistics, celebrated WORK recently compiled and
published under the authority Of the British govern
ment.
have now proved that in the countries cited by
Mr. Mcllvane, in which low prices and wages are
alleged TO prevail and IN two others not referred 10
by hIm-namely Russia aEd Spain-hs protective, or
more properly speaking, the PrOhibiiUs system prsrati'
and iR many Of them Prtrab ia Us most OdlOuS and
oppressive form.
And now, how trumPhandy retor upon
him, and charge hIm with sustaining a system
which reduces the prices agricultural products and
the wages OF labor! | can with truth allege, that
t0hsrtrT The prOttetirs system prsuaib in Europe The
LabOrsr is, indeed Ggraded and oppressed And with
these facts staring him in the face, (or assume that
he is a man Of intelligence, and acquainted with
Ihem,) how could he be so dlslngenuous, so unjust
so wanting IN magnanmity, as to charge "the Com
missioner Of Patents-this Bundelcund"-with pro-
pOSing-ln other words, deliberately lntendng-to
bring about the same state Of things in this land Of
and the wages Of the American laborer to 10 cents
per day. And what must his constituents think Of
representative who would thus deceive and delude
them' And what must they say when they
him asperse and mlsrepresent the opinions aud
OF others either wantonly or carelessy, It matters
not which.
But how much more hgh-mlnded and statesman.
like would It be in HIM to view this matter IN its
true light. Ii the honorable gentleman had re-
hected few moments, he must have been con-
vnced that 1t is not protective tariffs free trade
that degrade and oppress the laborer the monnrCh
cal countries Of Europe; nor that elevate and dignity
him in this In Europe The social and political sys
tens which reduce him to the stale Of AFFECTION and
pnvauon in which he finds himself IL is the Insttu-
uons, the customs of society, and the most grsrOus
araon in all us forms, by tariffs and otherwise,
which degrade and oppress him in Europe. In this
country all those causes do not exist In the man,
the institutions and customs Of society in this
try tend TO elevate and sustain the workingman. n.
But taxation here-the most odious in the form Of
protective tarf-tends to oppress and degrade
him.
The circumstances in which the workngman in
thus country is placed, prevent his subjecton to the
despotsm of capital, of privileged classes His
great protector Ii CHEAP LAND. As long as he can
procure homestead for himself, his wife, and little
ones, he can never be ensayed; nor can he be de-
graded by those who seek his degradation and en-
sIavement As long as he has cheap land to fee 10,
capital must seek his labor and must pay him osH for H.
and In this fact be found the secret of high
wages in this country.
But when our population becomes dense, and
and from its dearness is placed beyond the reach Of
| the aboring man, then, in this country as his fel.
low-aborer has been in the monarchca countries of
Europe, will the aborlng be subjected to capital,
and from that time will date his downfall and degra-
| datlon. Let him not bring upon himself this sad
| destiny, by lending his vote and his influence to
strengthen the hand of the monopolist, and to nerve
| the arm that will strike him down.
One word to Mr.. Mcilvaine The tariff question
| has now become party question. II II fails in this
Congress, fails only to go to the balotbox again
and again, until the friends of moderate tariff trl-
unph, as the home league has triumphed in Eng
The next democratic candidate for the presidency
will be pledged on this point ALL therefore, will
be forced 10 take side the oher-io choose be-
t,oeen protective tariff aud federalism To that alter
| native must every tariff democrat come at last
In conclusion, will remark that if understand
the character of the Commissioner of Patents,
| against whom the honorable gentleman, often al
Iuded to in this communication, alleges grave a
| charge, he has nothing to do, officially, with the
| mooted political questions Of the day, but very prop
erly leaves all such controversies to
BUNDELCUND.