Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-09-11

4
Totem were duly chosen.
The Executive Committee will meet The Pre-
sident Of the United States BY appointment to
morrow morning al o'clock, on the mall 10 Sc
lect site for the institution.
Al quarter past 5 O'clock the Board adjourn
| ed, 10 meet again tomorrow.
Extracts from Speech OF the Hon. JOHN F
COLLIN, "a plain, practical farmer,) Of NEV
York, delivered in the House Of Representatives.
Junc 10, ls46-on the TARIFF.
| MIR. Collin addressed the Committee as fol
laws:
Mr.. Chairman: We have received among gu
documents some statistics collected under ar &C
OF the Legislature OF Massachusetts, in which
is there shown that, in 1914, while the product
Of labor in agriculture is SITS per man, the pro
ducts Of the woollen manufactures in that yea
was 81 2n5 81 per Individual including boil
men and women. These Statistics show u tina
j, requires eight times as much labor, and hv,
times as much capital in given amount IN as
ricul,ure as are required in the same amount II
the manufacture OF woolien goods. Each OF Inc
other protected Interests do not vary very materi
ally in this estimate from hat Of The woolen ma
nulacures. II il should be argued that manuiac'
lures require protection in consequence Of The
cheap interest on capital in Europe, II must DC
answered, that agriculture has five times greater
reason to require il. II il should be argued that
manufactures require protection in consequence
of the high price OF labor, il must be answered
that agriculture has from six 10 eight times great
err reason 10 require it for the same cause. And
vel the Congress OF The United States is grayely
debating whether the country ought not 10 be
taxed Tor the benefit Of manufactures. The gen.
tlemaa from Pennsylvania, Mr.. Stewart IN adj
yocaling that lax, says il Is no parry question.
Sir il should never have been made party cues
lion. Gentlemen should never have dignfied u
by the name OF an American question. II IS
question, Sir, that has more The characteristics
Of The Arab-it is great ques!i' OF plumber
The duty on bar iron is twenty-five dollars per
ton By the report upon commerce ana navlSa-
lion The difference between the price OF bar iron
in foreign ports and the estimated value IN our
commercial cities, is thirty dollars per ton. Inc
price OF freight is five dollars per Ton, leaving The
duty 10 make exactly the balance OF The excess oil
price Will any gentleman presume 10 deny
that thai iron would he twenty-five dollars per
Ton cheaper 10 The consumer II me dniy were Ia
ken ON Can the gentleman ask for higher proof
man lhis7 This does not satisfy The gentleman
| will Give his own words in proof OF The tact he
calls for. lie tells us in one place, that 10 re-
duce the duty 10 twenty per cent. upon iron would
extinsuish the fires oil every furnace and every
forge in PENNSYLVANIA. In another place ne tells
rs that reciprocal free trade would be- rulnous TO
Pennsylvania, because her iron and other manu-
features are carried on mostly by manua! labor.
Now. sir. in the name OF common sense, how is
The reduction OF duties 10 produce such momenious
effects upop the iron manufactures OF Penn>yl-
vania The effect OF reducing the duties would not
be 10 reduce the price 10 The consumer! Does
not this consideralion-this argument OF his own
satisfy tho geDl!emani But sir, | deny that
the reduction OF duties will be attended with
III, consequences that the gentleman sus-
se,ls to the iron manufacturers oil pennsyi-
vania. deny that any necessity exists i"I .heSe
protective duties; and will here snow lhal aln
correct in that conclusion. BY The census OF io4o,
there were in The United States ,599 furnaces,
bloomeries lorges and rolling mile I,h0re Mara
30 49T men employed in them and in The mining
onerations. there were $40 4S2 81 invested IN those
establishments, there was manufactured ID ihai
wear S26. 365. 060 worth Of their material. NOW,
the gentleman says that the labor is nine-tenlhs
Of the cost Of that material. Suppose we admi',
ior the sake of the argument, that each OF Inc men
employed received Tor his wages and board 54UO
per year-whch estimate believe TO be % per
cent TOO Highland then add 10 this price OF labor
the one-rcnlh estimated BY the gentleman lor other
expenses, and the gross amount would be El3,-
5t3lll. leaving an actual protlt on The cap-
tai stock Of Sl2,S2l ,939, or over sixty per
cent. Will the gentleman say that twenty per
cent. profit ought not TO be sufficient 10 salts
fy The manufacturers VIII ne say mat
We ought 10 leyislate 10 give the Two thousand
manufacturers an extra 40 per cent, 10 be taxed
upon the residue of our twenty millions OF peo-
pie AS the estimated value of The iron products
was the American market valuation, VIII give
the valuation in The foreign ports. with the hve
dollars per Ton added Tor freight Upon maj OASIS
OF valuation the iron products Tor lSi0 would
have been $40 1856, 1903. After deduclng Inc
above estimated expense, there would Sill be
net nront Of SG.Si2 092-a profit Of 33l per cent
without the imposition OF one per cent duly But
II gentlemen are not satisfied with these calcula-
tons. will give them vet another upon differ
ent basis. Ii is claimed that il is in consequence
of the high price OF labor that these manufactu-
rers require protection By The census estimates,
il takes The labor OF tour and hall men IN
mining and The other employments in The manu-
facture of 1000 dollars worth OF iron. BY The
same estimates. il takes fifteen men 10 produce
4 600 dollars worth in each OF The mechanic arts,
and twenly-lhrcc men to produce the same
amount in agriculture.
Gentlemen will not dispue this record and can
they unblushingly claim that those mechanics
and farmers ought 10 be taxed Tor Inc pc-
nefit OF those manufacturers, and mat, 100 upon
The ground Of the high price ot labor 10 the man
uacturcrs? BY the census estimates, 3N993i
men were EMPLOYED in agriculture, and Sb5l ,2l5-
900 worth Of products were The aTails Oh lheir ID
Dor.
|, is strange, sir, that ii should ever have been
claimed that an increase OF duties did not increase
the price Of goods 10 the consumer. To quesion
il i preposteros and the subject is one that needs
no, be lefl 10 abstract reasoning, bit IS susceph-
bic Of actual demonstration. Those who con-
tend that the price is not increased 10 the consul
mer, say that The foreigner pays the duty. NOW,
in order to have the foreigner pay the duty me
price OF imported goods must fall in me foreign
market to the amount Of the increase duty. BY
cnmnar;no the prices OF those foreign imports,
unon which The duties we're increased BY the act
ri 1912. in our commercial records, in seven
cases out OF eight i, will be found that the foreign
valuation on those imports was higher IN 1919
than il was in lSll. In most OF the cases where
there has not been an actual increase, the price
has remained stationary. This, sir, proves be-
yond cavi tina, the foreigner pays no part OF Ihose
increased duties.
pv an examination Of that same commercial
rscoId il will be seen that upon those products mp
IN which the duties have been increased, in nine
cases out Of ten there has been corresponding
increase in the price in our commercial cities;
showing conclusively ,ha,the increase OF duties
no, only taxed the consumer on the imports, but
on The whole of such productions, whether Of TO-
reign or Of home manufacture. But, sir, the in
crease OF duties produces 10 the people OF this
County greater injury than the increased price
Of Goods 10 The consumer. That injury, sir, is The
reduction in price upon all The fruits OF asricutu'
raj labor. have made an estimate from our re-
cords Of The difference in price upon almost all the
PRODUCTIONS OF agriculture between the years
llsii and 1915, and will have published, Tor The
information Of The people of this country, the re
anil have made an estimate OF the amount
sYnorled. the loss on the whole amount OF each
ar,icIe. and the loss percent. on each. The gross
amour, OF exports (e.tmaset) is SO, 954 5ao.-
The gross loss 10 the farmers is $50 s39 ,939, OF
an animal loss Of 43 per cent. As The price II
onr commercial cities is the criterion OF price ie
The home consumer when the price in our com
mercial cities is foliy-three per cent. less how
mnch do the farmers lose on their 81 ,Ooo ,ooOoc,
worth Of productions ! leave to gentlemen. e
ssI;na,e AMI answer The advocates OF higf
duties saw the eounlryis prosperous. say ina
aaricullure was never more oppressed Than u M
been under the operation OF The tariff act oil 1917