Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1846-05-30


pie Of convenience and mutual good WILL magnannousy
proposed by the Emperor Alexander In 1923,
he properly applicable TO these desoate islands, chiefly vaua
BILE for harbors which often nothing but chasms
too deep for anchorage and too abrupt for approach In the
discussions of 1924 far they settled they
considered appurtenant the continent instead of the cont
nent being held appuenant to them and the reversal of this
principle, appehend has been the great Of the
discussions and has led to the great mistake relation to Fra
zers river dismiss the question: then, to this geographic
cal division Of the country with saying that title to these
islands is better than that Of the British, but that neither is
perfect for want of settlement and that now proposed in
1924 they should follow the fate Of the divisions
in front of which they lie.
Frazers river and its valley known in northwestern geog
raphy New Caledonia is the division of the disputed
country TO which shall ask the attention Of the Senate. II
river Of about thousand miles in length following its
windngs rising in the Rocky Mountains, opposite the head
Of the Ungah Peace river which flows into the Frozen
in latitude about TO- The of this is nearly
north and SOUTH rising in latitude S. flowing south
latitude 49, and along that parallel and just north of it,
the Gulf Of Georgia. into which il falls behind Vancouvers
Island The upper part of this river is good for navigation
the lower half plungng through volcanic chasms in
tans Of rock wholly unDaygabe for any species Of craft
This river discovered by Sir Alexander Mackenzie in
1885, settled by the Northwest Company in 1906, and
covered by their establishments from head to mouth No
American or Spanard had left truck upon this river
its valley Our claim 10 it, far as see rested wholly
upon the treaty with Spain Of 1872 and her claim rested
wholly upon those discoveries among the islands, the value of
which, comforting claims upon the continent it has been
my province show negotiations with Russia in 1924
AT the time that acquired this Spanish claim to FIazers
river had already been discovered twenyx years by the
British had been settled by them for twelve years
known by a British and Spaniard had made
track on its banks New Caledonia, Western Caledonia
the name which it then bore and it happens that
American citizen anaye Of Vermont respectfully known tothe
Senators now present from that State and who had spent
twenty of his life in the hyperborean regions OF North
west America publishing account of his travels and
ournngs in that quarter actually published description of
this New Caledonia British province at the very moment
that getting from Spain, and without the least
suspicion that it belonged Spain speak of Mr.. David
Harmon whose journal Of nineteen years residence between
attitudes AZ and So in Northwestern America, published
Anover his native State in the year 1920 the precise
year after had purchased this New Caledonia from the
Spaniards read from the volume ITSELF which is not
in the library of Congress- but from the London Quarterly
Review, January number, 1922, reprinted at Boston
article, WESTERN CALEDONIA.
tThe descent of the Peace river through deep chasm in
the Rocky Mountains first opened to the adyenurers
above mentioned into the UNEMPLOYED country behind he to
which they the OF New name however,
which, being already occupied by the Austraasians might adj
vantageousy be changed that of Uesern Caledonia This
passage lies latitude So So Mackenzie had crossed the
Rocky many years before latitude SAL and descended
large river flowing the southwark named Taconche
Tesse which he conceived be the Columbia but it is
known to empty itself about Brcs Bay of Vancouver
latitude 49 whereas the mouth of the Columbia lies in i60
Isl Another river, called the Caledonia hold
ing parallel to the 1acontche Iesse Columbia falls
the the Admiralty Inlet of Vancouver in latitude
4So forms natural boundary between the territory OF
Caledonia aud the United States falling in precisely wha
leaving degrees OF latitude between and the
Columbia Its northern boundary may be taken in latitude
So close the southemost OF the Russian settlements
The length therefore, will be about $780, and the BREADTH from
the mountains the Pacific from $50 to $50 geographical
miles.
The whole of this country in fact ntersected with
rivers and lakes Mr. Harmon thinks sixth OF its
may considered water The largest of the latter
named Stuats lake. and supposed to be about
loo miles in post has been established
its margin in latitude $40 so NORTH longitude I2s' west
F,y miles to the westward of this is Fazers lake, about
eighty or ninety circumference here post
established in 1906 third of sixty seventy miles in cir
conference has been named Mceods lake. the shore of
which fort has been built latitude $50 north longitude
1872 west The waters this lake fall into the Peace river
those flowing of the other two are supposed to empty
into the Pacific and probably the rivers
pointed out by Vancouver Pont Essngton, had
occasion observe in former article The immense guam
ty of salmon which annually these two lakes leave no
doubt whatever OF their with the Pacific and
OF this fish from McLeods lake. makes almost
equally certain that its outlet not INTO una, ocean
tribes who that white people come
up large trade with the Ate-nas nation dwelling
between them and the SEAL which fully proved by the
guns potts. cloth, and other articles iound IN their
Most Of the mountains Of Western Caledonia clothed
with timber trees very SUBMITS consisting principally
of spruce and other kinds Of fir Birch poplar aspen cypress
and generally speaking all those which are found on ,e OPP
poste side the Rocky Mountains The large animals COM
mon TO North America such buffalo, elk moose reindeer
BEARS &c. in this new territory but there
no scarcity of beaver OTTER wolverine maren oxes OF
different kinds and the the fur animals, any than
wolves badgers and poecas fowls, ALSO oil all the de-
scrptions found North America, are premium IN Weseh
Caledonia visit them IN prodg'ous numbers rs 90
swans busards geese, and ducks"
This the account given by Mr. Harmon OF New Caledo-
MA and given of by him the exact moment that we were
purchasing the Spanish title to it OF this Spanish title, of
which the Spanads heard the narrator seems to have
been profoundly ignorant the Spanards themselves
and made his description Of New Caledonia as OF British
possession without any reference to adverse title than
If he had been speakn of Canada So much for the written
description look the map and how stands
there Here is a map-a $40 40 map-whch will show us
Of the country and the Of the settlements
upon Here Frazers river running from 55o to 49, and
here a line Of British posts upon it, from Fort Mcleod,
its heal Fort Langley, at its mouth, and from T. omP-
sons Fork on one side, Suas Fork the other. And
here Of British names, imposed by the British yisi
BILE every where Forts George St James, Simpson, Thomp
son. Frazer Mcleod Langley and others rivers and lakes
with Names and others and here Deseers Creek
named by Mackenzie because his guide deserted him there
in july 1893 and here Indian village which he named
Friendly because the people the most friendly to stran-
gers that he had and here another called Rascas
village named by Mackenzie y years ago. because
its inhabitants the rascay Indians he had
and here is the representation Of that famous boundary
line $40 40 which supposed to be the exact boundary Of
territorial rights in that quarter, and which happens
to include the whole of New Caledonia, except Mcbeods
fort and the hafof Suars lake. and spring. which is LEFT to
the British, while take the branch which flows from Il.
This line takes all inrver lakes FORTS villages See how
goes Starting the sea, gives by quarter of
inch the map, Fort Simpson, named after the British
Governor Simpson, and founded by the Hudson Bay Compa
ny Upon what principle take this British fort know
noexcep it the assumption that sacred right and
title being adjusted mnue by the aid of these 40 minutes
80 apposey determined by the Emperor Paus charter to
fur company in l799 be this straight line, the bad
ample OF even slight deviation from 1t the start should not
be allowed spare British fort away mp at Point Nc