New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1846-08-10
Late from California.

OF Hon James Sez,ple. {. 3 Senator fron, ul:aois
and prospective Governor OF Oregon. I: gives The
cearest and :aires; account OF the peculiar advan-
.ages and disadvantages o; California country
70 settle and live n that we have met with. We
have drawn attention TO some OF It's statements b!
putting them II Italics. BE gives plain and dis
,iact account OF that country, which vii beneat
those intending 20 er.s-ate thither.
BEAR RrEa, California. April 10 $50.
Der 81 8, dowu 70 redeem ~ promise 20 write
after II arrival - this coacE !: TIE California :eTeT
should rage as high wien left. A! information
ipa.ra. account OF The country. ard IL political =taa
t.oa. and enlhody a. much information as csn. FIST
then. TIE road from independence q me loot OF the
Cai.tora!s mountains across TIE ROCKY R.d Calumet
mountains. = about a. good road ttat tom -.
Charles 70 Columbia (5oo2's Lick read AID might
with .tt.s work made good dea! better. There
i plenty o.: water and i-5r Tor cooking there * 70
place where may &c had. ~ s-t.est every -
miles FROM TIE sink Mays about 50 niles
trsi water are several rot springs and ss!t springs
FROM where we strike IrticSys rver 70 Is head
tT-ucSr: lake, al the foot o: the California mountain
the road rough AID rocky, but perfectly safe Eroi
the lake 70 the top 9! Tho mountain. about miles re
ascent IA very steep snG rocky, but the last e1iral->
yot their wagons over without breaking by packing tie
load Up The The descent on this side =
about 100 miles the plains 20 OF thar distance being
very rough and billy. But there's proposition among
the foreigners WHO expect their friends tro the states
90 and work The road Il So we shall uske quite
a passebe road a. 81 Out OF the 22.o miles
from independence there IS but about 100 OF bad ROAD
Our psry had trouble from the Indians and the emit.
grafton had none except the occasional loss OF some OF
their stock and one killed and that by rushing
the indians in sh FOR shooting the cattle Is there Is
but one tcrer OF grocery store the road. Fort HALL
would advise persons coming 20 this country 10 provide
themselves with plenty o: provisions. 5our rice Cheese
butter. lard and Bacon.
The face Of :e couarv-I can only describe the
T,ey OF the Sacramento from persona! observation and
whatever may say o; The remainder - from inorna-
ton The valley sbou; 800 miles lon. from 20 200
miles vide crossed by several pretty large rivers many
of them nsvigabe 20 the foot OF the mountain and from
thai up the. water tuubcs from rock 70 rock atording
neither navigation valleys for cultivation. On al
the from the mountain 20 the mouth, there are
large bottoms from onehslt 10 six miles wide mostly a!
iuviur and OF the most fertile character covered win
grass and the richest vegetation with skirt OF trees
the mostly oak. some buckeye box elder
and willow. The oaks grow very large. 10 feet IN
diameter but the trunks very short seldom more
than or 10 feet and then i branches into large limbs
good for re.wood when seasoned but poor nmeer Tor
farming and building purposes We make fences but
use the ditch which stands We'll there Is rain from
April 20 December 10 wash them.
The plans which about three iourths OF the val
lev are rfoy susceybc fcuirGtoH from the fact ,hf
thu are no. ony POOR and barren, But the 9ry heather
SHnmcr you'd not permit crop % be rCtted They are
covered now with small flowers and some bunch grass.
which makes good pasture until the rainy season sets IN
though * entirely Gry By the Let July The population
,riu torere- Be confined ie banks Of tif
tleInan present that the plains between here and
the -. Wank!nc. much more fertile and that very
much of them NAV be walereG and probably culrva-
ted he thinks the lower part OF Upper California much
superior the valiey but the difficulty OF securing land
and the bad character OF the Indians, have induced
OF stop here THIS country tdks7 toeaer Is
-eaily rior 70 he eser1 Sa;e but those who get
situations on the rivers where they easily rTlCate
the soil do 200 per cent better than IN Missouri
Irrigated lands here will produce from 10 70 90 bushels
OF Wheat the acre every year There ia no ty, nor
rust and the only trouble is 10 have moisture
enough 10 make il head well Tobacco Cotton, lax.
Potatoes Beans Peas &c grow finely 6Hi nor 0;fhons
,,aerirz While on this subject Will speak OF the la
Dor 10 be performed farmer who Is Tilted with sui
acien teams and farming utensils may employ Us many
Indians ne pcsses for nothing but their vIctual= and
that very cheap and about TWO SHIRTS and PAIR OF
pantaoon. OF the coarsest kind. He may keep them
while he them, which is only al seedtime and
harvest and then send them to thcir villages again
for the remainder OF the year. They about half
| as good as the negroes in Missouri with good look
ing so that farmer with capital OF 400 or 500
dollars and gather about much grain as the
Missourisa with 40 negroes The Indians know moth
ing OF the use OF but they good ditchers,
and bitches are the only fences We have.
The timber Is altogether IN the mountains which are
covered with the beautiful pine hr and cedar very
tail and straight but in most places very difficult 10 get
the valley for from the fact that there IS gen
orally IS ~ miles oil hills between the mountain and
Inc valley which make bad roads. Most OF the houses
here are built OF dG0bies sticks up endwlsc and
daubed with mud, sometimes covered with boards ana
others with toos (buirush) So tar we have not had
!
with timber from the red woods near the seacoast
which is very good and beautiful timber, much like the
red cedar. The grow very large and straight and
.plir like cedar.
Stock-orses and cattle are raised here without any
feeding even when ride horse at any season. he
gets no other food than what he get oil grass aked
out with long rope so that it requires no other trouble
about horses and earle but 70 mark and brand them
and 70 break the colts when large enough 10 ride The
old settlers this country, OF them have several
thousand head Of cattle and horses The prces OF
horses are from $50 to $50 from 81 S25 cattle
So 50 10 SIS American cattle and horses generally are
about - per cent higher than the stock OF California
Everything else Is very high Pows such as we have in
81 Louis NJ 81 are worth S35 and $50, and very
hard 10 GET AZ those prices So spades s. to ST,
cooking vessels about 30 cents per ID all sorts
of iron tools or vessels very high clothing of every de-
scrption about five six times what they cost IN -.
Louis common yarn socks 50 pair
Labor is also high common hands 81 50 per day
mechanics 81 10 So mll-wrights 81 per day 90 that
although we pay high for clothing and all we want tor
use vet we get high prices for labor and for what we
raise Wheat is worth now 81 30 per bushel usually
81 SO; beans 81 50 peas 81 So potatoes 80 cents per
robe (25 lbs)
The climate is pleasant seldom any ice-occasonal
frost from December 10 April Up 10 the 18th OF De-
cerber the tIne of our arrival there had been rain
and but little frost and the weather about plea
cant as usual in the States in September and October
The began Christmas day and there was some ice
The rain usually falls for orthree days and then We
have Pheasant weather In week after the rain
set H. the plains or high lands become what We call
tGSky that is horse will sink IN 10 his knees. and
sometimes deeper that i, Is not practicable 10 travel
horseback, except in the bottoms which remain trni
al winter. But they crossed by gulf, which we
SWIM. Our travel i. therefore confined 10 the
bottoms the high hills impossible during the rain
except foot l. may be truly said that there but
modes OF travel here during the winter that Is eT
fly sei The game is becoming scarce. bur during
the winter there great many water-fow.s They
leave in the spring northern latitude and do
not stop breed here, has been reported nor Is II
TUE tina; you gather q feather bed III day on
Feather Pirer,'
Muske,oes flies and insects OF every description are
here in trnRmerc5k myiads-leas and mice but no
et,nehes.
Lands have been obtained by persons who have resid
ed here some years and become citizens IN grants some
three four and sometimes thirty 20 my leagues But
the Government mas become alarmed and changed II:
policy There but few who obtain grants o.
any size and those VINO have lands not authorized
BIZ their titles. 10 sell there being no such thing az Zee
simple ut.es, except in few special instances Inc
grants only loans FROM the Government rhich Is ae
main reason why the people live in eis or tte shan
Ties and the same severa! thousand head o
stock. They viii not improve the lands uni! there
some security for the ute. would Ike 20 write got
more a. length bu; nv time and your patience adMCn