The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1846-12-12
II HE G. A lie I'D d N L A n.

las been abandoned, but not without So
,ere struggle OH the part ofthe protected and
hyored classes TO retain the unjust advan-
ages which they have SO long enjoyed.
was TO be expected that n similar struggle
would bp made by the snme classes in the
United States, whenever nh attempt WINS
nmde 20 modify or abolish the same unjust
system here. The protective policy had
been in operation in the United States for
much shorter period, and its pernIcious eff
fects were not, therefore, so clearly perceived
aud felt Enough, however, was known Of
these effects to induce its repeal.
1t would be strange if in the face Oh, tho
Of Great Britain, our principal for
eign customer aud oftho evils of n, system
rendered manifest in that country by long
aud painful experience, and in the face OF
the immense advantages which, under IA
liberal commercial policy, we are already
and must continue to derive, by
her starving population with food
aud the United States should restore policy
which she has been compelled to abandon,
and thus diminish her ability TO purchase
from us the food and other articles which
she SO much needs, and we 80 much desire
to sell. BY the Simultaneous abandonment
of the protective policy by Great Britain and
tho United States, new and important mar
kets have already been opened for our agri-
cultural and other products: commerce and
navigation have received a new impulses; ln-
Dor and trade have been released from the
artificial trammels which have so long iet-
tered them; and to II great extent RECIPROCITY,
in the exchange of commodities, has been
introduced ut the same time by both coun-
tries, and greatly for the benefit of botl.-
Great Britain has been forced; by the pres
sure of circumstances ut home, TO abandon a
policy which has been upheld for ages, and
toropcn her markets for our immense sur
plus ofbread stufis; and il is confidently be-
l., we'd that other Powers of Europe VIII ulti-
~, NO.. Iy see the wisdom, if they be not com
lii by the pauperism and sutierIngs oil
hair u,;rc cro> yded population, topursuc sim
liar policy ,,.,o.l ,,o,l,c,ior of come of
the chief articles OF loo'' " 49, haw contr;h'
and. other parts of europe, ney nav cGn.r ~
uted TO increase the d. 'H"lu ,o' ~, ,ha, 80
and provisions, is not do Meu prl . 'ad Jn
great and efficient cause OF Jus .,s
mand, and of increased prices, coh,'S 80
the removal of artificial restrlcto'S nv, ne
fore imposed, is deemed to be eqha'y 90.
tain. That our exports of food, nlreGu.S ln-
and increasing beyond former cXa u
nle under the rtore liberal policy which haS
been adopted, will be stih vastly enlarged,
unless they be checked or prevented 10y II
restraint of the protective policy, cannot be
douhted. That our commercial and navi-
cation Interests will be enlarged in n cores
,,ouding ratio with the increase of onr trade
l. eoually certain; while our manufacturing
;ntcre will still bo the favored Interests OF
Tho co,,utry, and receive the incidental pro-
toction ufGrded them by revenue duties; and
more than this they cannot justly demand.
I'm INV animal message of December last,
n toriffof reve,,ue duties based upon the prin-
cinIes octho existing law was recommended,
md hove seen NO reason to change the opln-
ions then EXPRESSED. In view of the probn-
Lle beneficial effects o that law,l recommend
tbnt the policy estabished by it be maintain-
ed. II has but just commenced 10 opera'e;
and to abandon or modify it without giving
it Il fair trial. would be ineX2edient ana un-
wise. Should defects in any OF It's details DC
ascertaincd by actual experience 10 exist,
these may be hereafter corrected pnt uhtil
such defects shall become manifest the act
should be- fairly tested.
lit is submitted for. your consideration
whether il NAV not be proper, us war inea-
surc ia impose revenue duties on some of
the articles row embraced in the free list.-
Should it be deemed proper TO impose such
duties. with n view to raise revenue TO meet
the expenses ofthe war with Mexico, or TO
avoid TO that extent the creation OF pubic
debt. they NAV he repealed when the emer-
gency which gave rise TO them shall cease to
exist. and constitute no part ofthe permanent
policy ofthe country .
The act of the 9th of August last, "to pro-
vide for the better organization OF the lrea-
surv. and for the collection, safe keeping,
transfer and disbursement of the public rev.
enuen bns been carried into execution as
the DELAY necessary arising outot the appoint
ment of new officers, taking and approving
their bondsand preparing aud securing prop
er places for the saie-kcepng OF the public
money would permit his not proposed 10
depart in any respect from the principles OF
policy on which this great measures I"uhu-
ed. There are, however. defects IN ihe'ac-
tails ofthe measure, developed by Its Practi-
cal operation which are fuzzy set iorth III the
report of the Secretary OF the treasury, 10
which the attention of Congress Is ihVlted.-
These defects would impair to some extent
the successful operation ofthe law at all tltnes,
but ire especially EN- EMBARRASSING when the
country is engaged i'm war, when the ex-
Denditi,res are greately increased, when loans
are to be effected, and the disbursements are
to be made at points many hundred miles
distait,in some cases, from any depository,
and large proportion ofthem i'll foreign
country. The notifications suggested IN
the report of the Secretary ofthe Treasury
are recommended 10 your favorable consid-
Grafton. ..:.a
In connection with this subject, INVITE
your attention to the importance OF estaDlisl-
inc branchof the Mint of the United States
at New York. Two thirds of the revenue de-
rived from customs being collected 1T ,nu'
point, the demand for specie 10 pay ule uu5les
will he large: and a branch mint, where for
eign coin and bullion could be Immediately
converted into American coin, would greatly