The New era. [volume] ([Portsmouth, Va.]) 1845-1847, 1846-12-10

I. ~
f.rcuve policy, have been made, by the burdens Of
'aSa'inn switch II imposed. to contribute to the
ioounues which have enriched others
When foreign as welt as q home market is
opened To them. they must rcreive as they are
now receiving. increased prices fpr their produo,s
4 ihey will find readirrN SHE, and nj better
prices, tor their wheat, f1.,nr rice Indian earn .
beef. pork, lard hitter cheese. and other articles.
which they produce. Tho home market alone is
inadequate 10 enable them to dispose Of the i'm
'nense surplus of food aud other articles which
they are capable Of pcducino, even at the most
reduced prices. fur the manifest reason that they
cannot be consumed in the country. The United
STATES can. from their immense surplus. supply
not only the home demand but the deficiency Of
lo"d required by the whele world.
! That the reduced production of some of the
chief articles of food in Grea, Britain and other
parts at Europe, may have contributed 10 increase
the demand for our breadstuffs and provisiuns s
not doubted but that the grea, and efficient cause
"t this increased demand. and Of increased prices
CONSISTS IN The rem"val uf artificial restrictions
heretofore imposed, is deemed Ia he ponallv cor
tain. That our exports Of f,uJ already increased
and increasing beyond fnrmer example under the
more liberal policy which has been adopted, will
ne siiil vastly enlarged, unless they he checked
or prevented ny restoration of the protective
Ir''icy, cannot be doubted That onr commercial
and navigating interests will he enlarged in Cur.
responding rain with the increase Of unr trade Is
equally reriain; while our manufacturing interests
VIII s'i he The favored interests of the country,
and receive the incidental protection afforded them
| ny revenue duties and more than this they cannot
justly demand.
La my annual message of December last la
rf ut revenue duties passed upon the principles
of the existing law was recommended; and /
have seen no reason Ia change the opinuns then
expressed. In view of the probable beneficial eff
al laxr a 49,.
iah''shed by it be maintained. 1t has bul just
commenced To operate and 10 abandon or modify
II without giving il fair trial, would be inexnr
dent and unwise. Should defects in any of lis
details be ascerained by actual experience To ex
Isl, these may he hereafter corrected; hut until
such defects shall become manifest, the act should
he fairly tested
III is submitted for your consideration whether
u may not he proper, measure, To i'm
p"se revenue duties on some of the articles nuw
embraced IN the free list. Shuuld ii be deemed
proper to impose such duties wi h n view To raise
revenue To meet the expenses of the war with
Mexico, or To avoid To that extent the creation of
public deb, they may he repealed when the
emergency which gave rise IL them shall cease
To exist, and constitute part of the permanent
policy of the country.
The act of the sixth OF August last To pru.
vide Tor the better organization of the treasury
and f"r the collection, safekeeping, transfer, and
disbursement of the public revenup'' has been
carried into execution as rapidly as The delay ne
nessaTly arising ont of the appointment of new of
flcers. taking and approving their bonds, and pre-
paring and securing proper places Cor the safekeep
/ ing ct the public money, would parmi, 1t is
not proposed To depart in any respect from the
principles or policy which this great measure
is founded. There are, how ever, defects in the
details ot measure, developed by its practical
operation, which are fully set forth in The repor,
lf,T thn -
attention OF Congress is invited. These defects
would impair To some extent the successful opera
ton ot the law at all times but are especially
embarrassing when the country is engaged i'm
war. when The expenditures greatly increased
when loans are to be effected. and the dsbnrse
ments are TO be made at points many hundred
miles distant, IN some cases from any depository,
and large portion of them in foreign country
l he notifications suggested in the report of the
Secretary of the Treasury are recommended to
your favorable considerations
| In connnexion with this subject, invite your
attention To The importance of establishing a
! branch of the mint Of the United States n; New
York. Two.ihirds Of the revenue derived from
customs being collected al that point the demand
! Tor specie To pay the duties will he large; and
branch mint where foreign coin and bullion could
De Immediately converted into American coin,
would greatly facilitate the Transaction of the
public business enlarge the circulation of gold
and silver and be. al the same time, safe de-
poslIory of the public money.
The Message here renews the recommends
ton TO graduate and reduce the price of those
public lnnds, which have been long in The marke
and are of an inferior quality, as an act advania
geons to the Government, beneficial to those
States in which snch lands lie, and highly favor
able to thuse u ilh small means who desire ,o
legislation on the subject of the mineral lands of
the United States, with the view Of bringing
them into The market
IL VIII be important. during your present ses-
sion, TO establish territorial government; and In
extend the Jurisdiction and laws of the United
States over the territory of Oregon Our laws
regulating trade and intercourse with The indian
tribes east of the Rocky mountains should be ex
tended to the Pacific ocean; and for the putpose
of executing them. and preserving friendly rela.
tlons with The Indian tribes within orr limits, an
additional number of Indian agencies will he re
CURED and should be authorised by law The es
adjustment of custom houses and of pnst Offices
and post roads, and provision for The transp rita ,
tlon of the mail on such routes as the public CON
venience will suggest. require legislative author.
lny 1t will be prsper. also, To establish sur.
vey"r generals Office in that territory, and To
make the necessary provision for surveying the
public lands, aud bringing them into market As
our citizens, who now reside in that distant re
gioo, have been subjected To many hardships
Plvatl"ns, and sacrifices in their emigration and
ny Their improvements have enhanced the value
"i the public lands in the nephbIrhnod of their
settlements, IT is recommended that liberal grants
he made TO them of such porlinns Of these lands
AZ they may occupy, and that similar grants or
rIghis OF pre- emption be made tn all who may
emIgraie ihiher within a limited period. to be
prescribed by law.
The report OF the Secretary Of War contains
. ! do ol I'M, Yti tat,