The North-Carolina standard., 1846-09-09
THE : STANDARD.
RaLEIGM W. O.
wednesday. September. Q. 1916
MR.. HAYWooD's ADDRESS.

In our last paper we alluded briefly to Mr. Hay
woods objections to al rGlOren' dutics and TO hi
preference for specifics and mimim"ms, but thi'
week we shall go more at length into these sub
iects In speaking of ad ralorem duties that gentle
man says: a -
"But let me tell you what il is: 1t is to lay dutie:
or taxes upon goods imported from foreign coun'
tries, according the value of the goods at the
market from whence they come--the law hxlng
the per cent and the collector of il asceranng the
foreign value of whatever is laxed---viz: the sum
Of the tax--for which he is not responsible 10 you
but to the Treasury Department. And Spec.1c
duty is the same tax imposed upon the same arti-
ce-the law, itself, however, Distinguishing the val
ues by establishing the particular sum OF taxation,
and leaving nothing for the collector TO do but 10
weigh or measure the quantity wherein, 1t ne De
guilty of fraud he may probably be convicted, or II
disposed to oppress the merchant, be can De pre-
vented. In short. where the lax Is specihc Inc
collector only weighs and measures the quantity !;
where it is al raLoren, he not only weighs or mea-
sures the quantity, but likewise determines, upon
his own judgment, the foreign value of the things
imported. The uniform rule, as approved by your
government, has been heretofore, that OF making
all the duties specific which can be made so, and
let the others be ad Valorem but TO reduce the list
Of od raLOrenl duties, from time TO time, by adding
to the list Of specifics. The experimental tariff
condemns and Tepudiates this policy altogether, and
prescribes new one, of having ali the duties ad
explanation, you have no difficulty in comPre-
hending my objection to the new principle of the
experimental tariff"
Now, fclIow-citizens, let US look into this and
ascertain the true meaning ofthesc different duties
Scorning the dirty tricks OF the political deceiver,
and leaving modern notions of " conscience" to
take care of themselves, we are willing to meet
these questions fairly and fully; and if what we
H. - fhon
let the triumph enure 10 Mr.. Haywood.
MINIMUM DUTIES.
What is a minimum duty2 The word minimum
is Latin word which means the smallest guam
iy possible; that is as used in the Manufacturers
Tariff of 1912 it means the lowest point to which
he rate Of valuation shall descend. For instance,
10 that Tariff all cotton cloth costing less than 20
:ents square yard, t0as assumed TO haue cost 20
;enLs and thus cloth which cost but three cents
per yard was taxed as high cloth costing 20
tents per yardl In that Tariff these minimums
we're applied to the coarse fabrics-such rs are
mostly used by the lnboring and poorer classes
nd they were thus applied expressly TO project
lmcrican Manufactures This is what the mini
,unp duty means, and it is just what Mr.. Hay
rood must advocate, in case he excludes from his
lodel Of Tariff all ad ralorems--for surely even
at gentlemen would not resort entirely to speci-
c duties. Minimum duIies2 Duties which carry
falsehood upon their face How would our
.ope like to have them used in direct taxation
That would the people of Raleigh or of Fayette-
lie say TO their Commissioners, if those Officers,
levving taxes upon real estate, were to decide
at all houses and lots worth less ilaan one thou
nd dollars, should be paIued at one housand and
red accordingly? Would they ubmit so it
nd yet indiIectLy under the Tariff Of Is42 this
ry principle was carried out, and the people
ere Obliged to submit to it
SPECIFIC DUTIES.
A specific duty is fixed and invariable sum irn-
scd upon all articles of tho same kind, without :,
erence to their cost, quality, or value. For in
nee, under the Manufacturers Tariff of 1912
kinds of brown sugar paid the same specific
ty of two and q half cents per pound and the
me principle was applied to silks, salt, and other
icles A pound of brown sugar costing six
1ts paid as much as a pound costing eight =
ats; and bushel of salt costing eight cents
id as much as bushel costing eleven cents .
lis is the very just and equitable mode of taxa
n which MIR. Haywood advocates-this is the u
nciple which he would extend and permanently v
ablish in our revenue laws. A mode OF taxation, =
I for revenue, but for protection; principle
,ich compelled the farmers and laborers of North
Irolina, to pay not only as much duty upon the "
arse articles as upon the fine, but which took u
IN them one hundred per cent of their hard ear u
,es to benefit the salt-boilers of the Northern II
Eastern States and that foo upon article of II
me necessity And now how would our peo. e
like to have this princip of taxation applied II
their lands What would be thought of the 81
,unty Courts if they were to direct the Sheriff fc
collect as much tax on tract of land worth CT
00 as on tract worth 100000 How would Ia
people like this2 And yet this is the beautiful
celtic which Mr.. Haywood recommends, and 81
,ich he says has always been "approved" by o.
Federal GovernmenlI
AID vALOREM DUTIES. to
Under the ad vGlorem system all articles i'm RI
rted are taxed according 10 their valwe; that is p
pposing for instance the tax OH sugar to be 80 c.
r cent, pound costing three cents would pay lc
he mills, while pound costing .fOe cents would cI
y one cent FIVE mls-and so of all other articles ia
aus an Gd OGlorem duty, whether it be five, Sc
enty, forty, or one hundred per cent, falls b.
ually and imparially upon all classes; and no oil
e has right TO complain, because each consu- W
,r pays tax proportioned 10 the cost or value lib