The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1846-10-20

which log dsns be erected at comparatively small
expense not exceeding three thousand dollars each The
extra expense of adding wooden lock to one Of these
dams would be about three hundred dollars The ele
vson which is gradual 10 the mineral region is about
three hundred feet to overcome which, with the use Of
occasional short lines of cansiing through level ground
would not require than twenty dams averaging
fifteen feet in height They should be made by drilling
holes in the rock bottom short distances across the
bed of the river and thus securing the logs with iron
bolts driven through them The mode of construct ting
these dams, in the Eastern States is well known,
they are found to resist successfully the most powerful
floods, and such as the South. After
the frs. logs thus fastened. ,ubers laid on
Loose stones must be filed in the frame work being
built up similar to half of roof OF house, incning
up stream Afterwards the frame work covered with
strong panks, end graveiled at the bottom.
With an abundance of timber, on the banks Of the Poto
the stones lying and along the river few
prising and would erect the necessary num-
Der Of dams in the course of a single season
The importance of securing to the railroad and canal
the ransp ota,ion of coal iron and fire bricks
Cumberland fully shown through the evidences the
geological surveys flat have been made by almost every
scientific geolog in the United States The result of
these Investigations proves concusv-ly that each scre
of the coal and iron fields contains from so 600 coo
tons ofsupericr coal and iron The Potomac and Al
Ieghany Company with its 30 600 of land situated
Immediately the Potomac River would yield supply
oil 600 coo coal with corresponding GUAM.
ty of It evident from this estimate the riches
of the mines the shores Of the Potomac including
those nersected by Grays Creek that the revenues to
be derived from these sources would be abundant for
the railroad and canal
In Professor Shepherds report the Potomac and Al
leghsny Company is the following which has been sub
sequenty confirmed by Professor Shepard
In section Of the coal field situated in of
the lands belonging to your company the water
halt feet in thickness; above bed OF sand then
bed of iron ore, from to two feet in thickness;
thickness: next coal bed somewhat irregular vary.
ing to two and half feet in thickness; above,
ieetn thickness; thence upward states shaes and bed
of hon from twenty to thirty feet in thickness At
forwards coal bed of six feet and then coal beds and
beds of iron alternating for thirty forty feet
which there is about twelve in thickness of excel
lent coal Among these coal bed OF feet
Ike; and another called the seven foot bed re.
markedly fee from sulphur and known to be very
leror for smith work Seventy eighty feet CHER is
sixteen feet Of clear workable coal with
OF iron and one two feet of slate, filling space
of twenty two feet This is the largest and most impor.
iant bsd the quality of its coal is midway between an
thracite and ordinary btumnous Goals II burns with
cheerful flame. apparently without smoke; and does
the Liverpool and other Goals. Nor does it melt
and run together. as to exclude the air dur.
and bskes into beautiful coke. When gnited, and
sprinkled with water emits unpleasant sulphur
gas is it found to make bar iron brittle, when
used in the blacksmh's forge. In short it is coal of
uncommon chemical purity, and altogether superior
any hitherto discovered in the United States. Its
composition is about eighty two carbon, fourteen
to fifteen bitumen and volatile matter, and the
remainder made up Of silica, oxide of iron lime
and slumne. Its specific gravity is l3S and sulphur
has been detected in it. by analys Where the bed has
been well opened the coal has not been found brittle
for transportation yet too hard for free and easy
mining
little higher up the bi is another coal bed Of
and aha feet and edatey another of four feet
and then bed Of fine iron brown heDatite
foot in thickness Above this found slates with
abundant vegetable Impressions and large bed of fe
ruginous lime stone together with another bed of iron
and to the SUBMITS of the highest hills there
is still another coal bed Of ten feet in thickness but Of
inferior quality"
1t is apparent that such rich mines. when fully de-
deoped would give rise to the creation of large
featuring community, and that the lands would be-
come OF immense value, when those companies, having
surplus tracts might be enabled to dispose of sufficient
quantities to afford them opportunity to erect iron
works on the most extensive and approved plsns.
In few months may witness entire change in
the prospects Of that important region; little intelligent
energy acting with the auspices ofwise egs-
ation will render the vicinity OF Cumberland more dis.
tinguished than Lowell Pittsburg-where thousands
are now anticipated, millions would be realized.