The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1846-02-06
THE DAILY UNION.

beAcvod by many tnht when hef PoHcSshs hhe
snuff, the common people involuntaily sneeze all
over the Slale and that you con ascertain the state
Of public opinion in South Carolina with ss much
precision by nquiring Of her distinguished states
men as you can the rate Of exchange at a gwen
point by nquiring al the counter OF bank. How
this may be have not been there 10 inquire. But
sure am, that the undyins hres OF pairioti.m arc
vet smouldering In the land OF Marion, OF Pinek-
ney, and Of Sumter, and that they need but pro-
Der occasion 70 give them vent Should war come,
(which cannot for a moment believe,) those who
now differ with W. as TO the policy OF this measure,
will doubt not be amongst the hrst 10 klndle the
watch fires upon the altar Of liberty. Let Va there
fore on this occasion, not be intolersnt towards
each other; but while reposing generous conf
dence, cultivate the kindsr and better Feelings OF
our nature.
Our idle to this territory Is the pivot upon which
the whole question must turn IL constitutes the
very essence, soul, and life Of the controversy.
Some persons will deem il supeterogation, at this
Stage Of the discussion, 10 pause for a moment 10
prove our e for the reason that both OF The great
political parties Of this country eonesde u TO be good
and valid. That would do, II this country alone
were concerned in the result But spprehend, that
il the wing and tory parties ia England should con-
eede that we had no just cain 10 Oregon, we would
not by any means regard that as conclusive proof OF
the fact.
II il can be established that We have good and
valid title TO all any portion OF Oregon, Il settles
the question 10 duty, and as 10 our course, 10
the extent Of the territory 10 which We are thus en-
titled. For il any Of IL Is ours, We must hold IL, or
else yield il from fear Of Great Britain. We cannot
do the latter; for the aet-erayen and dshonorable
in itsef-would dissolve the charm and break the
spring Of our success a nation.
Much has been we'll and justly said OF the rapa-
city, injustice, and grssping ambition Of Great Brit
ain. Though she may be regarded by other nations
"A. .s.A
though her iniquities toward them and US may, and
indeed have, accumulated with each succeeding year
yet II all aSails nothing in this controversy, II the
territory belo 20 10 her, and not 10 Therefore,
proceed TO examine the different elements Of our
title.
By the Florida treaty Of the 92d Of February,
1919, we Obtained all the rights which Spain then
had TO that country north Of 40, whether aecrulng
from discovery, xploration, occupations and they
are as follows: From the tune Of the discovery by
IN 1892, the Spanish government never
rested till they had explored the whole Pacific coast
10 1920, Fernando Magellan in the service Of Spa n,
discovered and sailed through the highly important
and far-famed straits Of Magellan, which received
and vet bears his name. In 1928, the celebrated
Cortes, who was appointed by Charles v captain
general OF New Spain, (now Mexieo,) htted out
vessel under the command Of MoldonAdo, one Of his
officers, who was absent for six months cruising in
The Pacific. In 1892, he despatched two vessels
one under the command Of Mendoza, and the other
by MaLueld who sailed a far al the
e7th degree OF north Iatlude and the country thus
VISITED was claimed by CoreS for Spain and afler-
wards received the name Of California.
The northenmost point occupied IN 1880 on the
Pacific by any civilized nation, was "Cullacan
which was founded by Nuns de Gu rmsn, a Span
ard, al the entrasce Of the Gulf Of California"
The last expedition made by order Of Cortes
by Francisco de UIloa, who took his
~ OF IL
discovered an island near the coast under the 18th
parallel Of latitude, which was named the isle Of
Cedars. In l543 Baroleme Ferelo, q Spaniard, un-
Ter the authority Of the yioeroy Of Mexico, on the
l6lh Of February Of that year, discovered the cape
of Perils Stormy cape, under the 4lst parallel,
which ia supposed TO be the place now called Men.
iocno; and on the LIST Of March, he had reached as
ar north as the itth parallel Of Enthusiastically
ID far as the ADD.
The straits Of Fuca which enter the land at 49,
"a, and return To the al $40 were discovered
IA 1892 by Juan de Fuea, under Spsnish authority
hose name they now BEAR he sailed in and remain
ID there more than twenty days. trading with the
natives. In 1903, Cape Blanco, latitude 40, and
he river Umpqua, in latitude 40, wero discovered
by ensign Martin de Aquilar, who wa acting I'M
der the Spanish authority.
An expedition was fitted out ia l714, by order OF
he Spanish government, under the command OF en-
sign Juan Perez, accompanied by Estavan Martinez
his pilot, with directions TO sail far north 60
leg, and to survey the coastfrom thence south
ward TO Monterey; and for them 10 take possession
N the name Of the king OF Spain.
On the 18th July, I774, Perez reached as far north
the 5ith parallel Of latitude and discovered land
10 the east, TO which he gave the name of cape Santa
Margareta.
He made land on the 9,h of August in the same
year. under the parallel Of 40 degrees 20 n.uiss am
,hored in deep bay, and traded freely with the In
.,A d,ha nla DNxsS 4,
undoubtedly the same which four years afterwards
received from Capt. Cook the appellation Of King
Georges sound butnow known as Nootka Sound
The name given il by the natives s-.g4r-
On. the 18th August, IT'S, Heceta discovered the
bay at the mouth Of Columbia river, in latitude 46o
IL, but was prevented by the force Of the current
from entering the mouth ofthe river.
Bodega and Maurell, proceeded in August, ITS,
rs far north the 5Sh parallel oflatitude, and took
possession Of the country in the name of the Span
sh.. king. ST. Salvador Diego, in the fall of $780,
ex plored the Russian possessions. These, togeth-
er with many other voyages and explorations, here
omitted for want of space, prove most clearly that
so far as discovery Is concerned, Spain Is greatly
in advance Of all other nations, and that her navga-
tors had visited the whole coast Of the Pacific far
north the 6lst parallel Of latitude long prior to
those of any other nation.
The first navigator from whose discoveries Great
Britain could derive any title the northwest coast
OF America, Is capt. COOK, VINO, III Marcn, liio,
visited Cape Fattery in the 4s,h parallel of latitude;
but he did not discover the mouth of the Columbia
or the straits of Fuca. In March, l77s, he anchor.
ed in Nootlta sound, and gave it the name of King
Georges sound; but Nootka was the name given to
it by the natives; and it has ever since borne that
name. He discovered many utensils of iron and
brass, and also two silver spoons of Spanish manu-
facture, in the possession Of the natives, showing
clearly that they had before been visited by the
Spanards.
Capt. Cook, continuing his voyage north, saw
Mt San Jacinto, which had been named four years
before by Bodega; saw Mt. St. Elias; and pushing
his voyage north, passed into the Artic ocean he
visited Owyhee, where, on the 10th Of
he fell victim TO the natives.
1t is claimed by the British minister, Mr.. Pakcn-
ham, that Capt Berkeley, British subject, in ves-
sci under Austrian coors, discovered the straits of
Fuca in 1887, when it will be remembered that Juan
lie Fuca made the same discovery in 1892, being
1875 years Previous and that Capt. Duncan, in the
year 1887, entered the straits and traded with the
natives at the village Of Caset and also that John
Meares visited Nootka sound in 1888, four years
after it had been visited and taken possession Of by
Perez. John Meares was a lieutenant in the Brit
sh navy on halEpay. The Felicc, of which he
Wes supercargo, and the lphegenia, of which VIM.
Douglass was supercargo, were fitted out at the