Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1846-07-31

contribute, however remotely. to its production
TIC bla 'ksmith who FORCES horseshoe. does
not monopolizc the whole profit upon the sale OF
the article. II is shared also by the charcoal
burner who supplies his fire, the carrier who has
transported the iron, the ironmaster who smeltcd
and the miner who cxcavatcd the ore and the
farmer who has furnished all of these with pro-
visions. The continuance of a system. which
shall secure to those engaged in the conversion
OF the raw material a reasonable protection
against foreign composition, is demanded. then.
not tor their benefit alone. but for the interest
oi the vastly greater number who are employed
IN the protection of the raw material and of the
food which the mechanical artisan consumes
The manufacturer must have promise of fair
compensation for the labor he bcstows on the
raw material. or he can have no nduccment to
!. Duy: and the producer no opportunity to SELL
select for the Illustration Of these positions the
instance of wool both because il is one ntelli-
gible and familiar to my constituents. and be-
cause the low price of that great staple has
been lavorite theme of defamation and mis-
representation with northern dcmagogucs. The
tariff of 1912 imposed on woods. costing I cents
or under per pound ~ the pacc of eXporiation
an ad valorcm duty of five per cent; on all 9TH
erwools specific duty of three cents per pound.
and an additional ad valorcm duty of thirty per
cent. The average value of imported wool
costing over seven cents is probably not far
from thirty cents a pound. and the duty on such
wool is consequently about forty per cent. or
the same as the duty on woollens, which
is forty per cent. al valorem. Now. the
provisions Of the tariff of 1872 in respect to
WOOL are said, by those of its cs who pro-
tcss to be friendly To the wool-growing interest.
tobe faulty in two particulars-thc imposition of
an al valorcm duty on cheap WOODS and too low a
duty on those OF higher cost and it is said that
the frauds upon the ad valorcm duty on coarse.
and the low rate imposed on fine woods. are the
causes of the reduced prices of the clip of 1913.
II the frauds upon the revenue are. as | incline
TO think, valid objection TO the nd valorem du-
" on cheap wool. they are, q to,ttori. a decisive
argument against the whole bill now proposed.
which levles al duties upon the ad valorem prin-
ciple and no Democrat. who has condemned
the TARIFF 1912 for this feature, can honestly
sustain the bill Of the committee As to the
duty Oh finer wool. while admit that it ought to
have been highcryet insist it is relatively much
above that on woollens, and that the wool-grow-
err would be more benefited by an additional d,,.
t. OF ten or twenty per cent. on cloths, than BY
like increase of the duty on the raw material
l 1t is notorious that, with the present arrange.
mant. the woollen factories in general are bare.
!, Is sustained An increased duty on cloths would
exclude more ettectuay foreign competition
and by securing to the manufacturer more GER
/, tain profits. would enable him to pay better pr
ceS for wool. higher duty on wool, on the
: other hand, if the manufacturer IS left t. com
pete with foreign capitalist. might compel him t.
: suspend operations, and deprive him both of the
ability and the induccm mt topurchasc altogeth
y err The exclusion or increased cost Of foreign
:, woods avail- the woo-growrr nothing. unless IL
l il secured n market for his own: and this ca,
; only b. done by aidrdng the manufacture
= such encouragement as will induce him t,
Il buy. Indeed, the dnty on w rs though an
: parentiy high is in ttct balnccd. nrutraiizct
: IL protection. by counter, iiiing dutic; on the
raw material and other arti,l, : necessary lc
the mpnutacturors use. lryou compute the du
Il On broad clotn ~ forty per cent. nd vaiorem
: and calculate the amount of the duty on thu
> wool, tine dye stIllf', the oil, the chemical pre-
partitions used in the process of manufacture
and the other articles consumed BY the laborer
: and paid for in augmented wages by his cinploy
V err You VIII ina that the manufacturer. who i
u protected by duty of one dollar and twent
Z cents on yard of broadcoth worth three dol
J. lars, has consumed in the fabrication of thi
II yard other articles subject 10 a great an amour
I OF duty as the cloth he has produced. Ali pro
; lection to the Woo!lcn weaver, which cncoura
= yes and enables him To buy wool, is protectio
: also to the woo-grower; and, in general. pre-
II enurcs to the benefit OF those who produce it.
>, We ask. therefore. protection for manufactures
!; not a. manufacturers. but as wool-groWcrS n
u dealers i'll dye stnii-, as producers of the foot
= the raw material. and the other necessaric
J. winch the manufacturing artisan consumes.
! However strong may be the speculative cor
victions OF gentlemen. that different svste,
u OF financial policy would be better than tn;
u now in force, they should nevertheless remen
IL Der. that we have not Ia decide the mere al
' stract question, what international arrangement
~ are suitable To right relson-Wha' nut al So
;" tom OF supply would upon the whole be BE-
= tor al-bnt question conditioned by tie ci
IL cum stances and institutions of our own oountr
:! by Ms physical or accidental adaptation to pa
tcuar modes Of industry; by the policy
Is other nations, win IN we rival or with whom "
le trade; by the existing interests which ha,
f. grown up under our past legislation and al
" dependent upon our pre- sent and failure actio
| In all great gu ,>ions OF state policy the forum,
lie OF thousands are AT stake. and the bread of Il
lg citizen, the food of labor, is the subject of ii
nd aualysi and combination OF the political alch
o. mist The true enquiry therefore is, not VIII
IL uniform policy would BE- best for nil nations b.
w. what particular policy, all thing, considered.
lie the best tor that people winch has entrusted
70 welfare to oar hands, which our LEGISLATION o.
= II can directly reach, and 10 which alone W
= as Legislators, are responsible. Before any gre
as change Is adventured upon, we are bouni to ST
80 that it is recommended by the clearest reaso
IN OF justice or expedlency; and nothing can ju
ed thy revolutions IN policy for the sake of mere @
he pertinent, until the evils of existing systems
r. become intolerable.
stated in the outset, that the reduction of d
m tariff was asked at our hands as measure be
~. ciica To public finance and To private econom