Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1846-04-17

cision was correct. The two 81 'b)ecls are clos
w allied and the success Of Of c depends "
much upon the success of The OF her Indeed
have always thought that The arii tquesiinn W
more emphalically fought ON hills apprcpriaiiI
revenue than upon those raising il. The cou
try universally acquicsces in the prcptIely
/ raising the necessary revenue by i mpos's
!, therefore. our exn.ndirures are Iors, : our tar
must be high So on the other Ia nd, il is t
lieyed that this raii IN will meyer sub nit 10 c.
lect more money from The people thar is nee,
] sarv 10 meet the expenditures II ,L,r .iore, |
! expenditures are moderate, the tariff mas he %
| The friends oil he protective policy see IL Is; a
/ hence YOU vii! fnd few, If anv OF them, vol
. against This biu ar indeed any other ann ropr
/ ting money. And here permit me TO remai NJ
! this is one Of my strongest objections 10 the .d
/ palicy. 1t ensts large interest ia the COZ ~
| IN favor Oi lavish expenditure, which, butt
] would he the strongest advocate Ter economy.
! feel justified in saying this; icr il i; was not.
| inleresl TO be e1.ravaeant in lie public exp.nt
/ lures the New Engander wenlt belle his charat
! ter il he was not a sicker inr economy IN hiA
public as he is 10 his private life.
| Mr. Chairman, the gentleman from MassachU-
/ sets MIR. Hudson, has gone into very minute
/ examination ol The effects which the adoption OF
the proposed modification al The English corn
laws will have upon our agricultural pursuits, and
the influence il ought 10 exer, upon our own COM
/ merciai legislation. He his attempted 10 show
I tina. tie asricuiturist will not be benehued and
that 50 iar from lis Inducing us 10 relax our re-
sriclive system, il aTurds additional inducements
! 10 adhere 10 il.
| The district which have The honor 10 repre-
sent is almost exclusively agricultural ! am
/ myself farmer, and depend as do nearly the
whole OF my constuenls-upon The produce OF
, The farm Tor support. Our great staples are In
! dian com, wheat and oals-the importance Of
The crops, standing in The order | have named
| Them. In this respeci, IS shown BY the census,
! my district is fair prototype Of lhe farming, as
contradslinguished fIom The planting, portions Of
the Union. My constituents, having deep in.
tsresi in The question, discussed By The gentleman
! from Massachusetts, (tlr. Huison) viii very
naturally desire 10 know The views Of iI-if Re
preventative concerning them. | have therefore
seized upon The fist opportunity oi making thrm
| known. And am the more aDXicus 10 Ito ,bi:
as consider those OF The gentleman, though most
erroneous and nnsoupd, tel specIous, and calcu
cuaed 10 deceive. 10 such, however, as have
| extensive access Is official documents. and the
industry to explsr. their dry details, The ask Of
exposing them Is easy, as shall attempt 10 show.
!, Bu' before come 10 examine The facts aod calcu-
latiou Of The gentleman, desire 10 make lew
preliminary observations.
Ia these tariff DISCUSSIONS, notwithstanding he
strange features which they constantly present,
noning has struck me m re forcihly than The kind
/, and raiernal solicitude with which gentlemen,
not themselves farmers, or representing iandihs
constituencies undertake IL instruct us 10 ol Tue
| interests TuLrar some of these geIilem men, then
| selves manufacturers, and representing n1aGu.ac-
/ turrIs, you would think that ali their suliciiLdr
/ was for The welfare Of the agricultn.is..
II is doubtless very inccrrigibe in Us mol u
! show a becoming gratitude, and ve.y inconside-
| rate not 10 heed such disinefested teaching. Bn.
| their arguments a, different times, are contra
| dictory and inconsistent, and they adhere per-
! linaciousiy under every change Of circumstances
10 The same dogmas, lhat j, is impossible for me
! 10 confce implicitly in them.
! In all the Tariff discussions which | have
| heard heretofore. when The policy OF unrestricted
| commerce has BEEN established upon he GIea,
principles Of political economy, ard lhcir har-
/ morv with The law Of Nature shown in the va
| reiy of ciinrS, svs and pursuits, The lfients q!
protection have admitted The sunniness Of the
/ theory, when praciispd upon hy Inc leading M.
/ tons al the earth Bul they denied that This
would ever be the case auu declared they were
only opposed 10 Lal One-sised tree uade BY
/ which restrictions were met with reaxaions.
| LIE, the leading commercial nations. they have
! ga id, Sc, The example al Tree trade, and We will
! follow il. We admit the advanla scs, under such
/ circumstances, which our genial climate, fertile
| soil, cheap land, comparative exemption from
/ taxation, and free Institutions, will give US; but
| until that is done, We must meet restrictions hv
restrictions. And in The case Of Great Britain,
we were asked, viii you admit her manufactures
| al low dnty, when, by her corn laws, she ex.
clndes our hfead,luf> II she will lei Us feed
her manufacturers. We will purchase their fad
rics; but If she will not do that, By protection 10 ar
nvE1e,ures, trc NUS 6uilG up n home mafHcf]0f
4 V,,y.u They tliItner and tod
I us lha, Great Britain not only excluded our bread
! stuffs, when she had ,e!ablc supply al home.
bu, tha, even in years If scarcity, when she was
! compelled 10 import, By The operation of her
sliding scale, decided advantages was given 10
| Continental Europe ever rs. Under her Com
| Laws. as they stood short time since, the admis-
| sion OF foreign cornand grain for home consupp-
| ,ion took place under sliding scale CT duties,
which flucIuaed with The aggregate prices taken
! in one hundred and fifty market towns situate in
| different paris Of lhs county. When the price
! of wheat in those towns is ito shilliags, on an
! average Of six weeks, The dulr is 20s. 81. per
quarter, (of eight busheis;) and Tor every shil-
ling which he price advances Or falls, the
/ duty advances or ia!s, as The case may be !;
so that in the rising scale, when the piice al.
vance, 20 seveny.hrec shilllngs the duty falls 10
one shilling per quarter. Under the operation Of
this system, whenever al the end OF any six weeks
!, the price rose 50 high 40 10 bring The duty down
/ 10 The lowest point and this lac. was proclaimed
J; BY the Government, orders were despatched Tor
| foreign grain. Those sent Ia the ports in Europe
were answered at once; impoIlalions flowed in,
| and, before the expiration OF another six weeks,
! the price OF wheat would have ialen, and the
duty risen. The orders sen, 10 the United States
/ conId not be answered in six weeks; and when
they were, the duty would have risen, and our
exports excluded, or adnilted at higher dnty
than had been paiG by the countries near al hand.
! In word, protection to manufacturers was held
gu, 10 the farmer as The alternative for The flee
! trade which was denied Them, and only as The al
! tentative II was in vain showed, that, taking
| our entire exports and imports 10 and from Great
/ Britain, the average Of duties which We imposed
were more Than twice as high as those which she
/ ilnpos.d; il was in vain We showed that more
! than halt OF our exports consisted 10 cotton winch
/ was admitted into England al nominal duly,
! and lha, BIZ the encouragement thus given 10 lis
cultivation large tract CT fertile land was with
/ drawn from The prodncticr OF corn, from compe-
! lition with the farming portions OF tie country,
/ and even marie, afforded tor The horcs. mules,
! pork. and breadsiufs Of The latter. The a1van-
! lagos were indirect, and not very ralpahie, and
! The force of The argument was denied II was in
vain we referred To The fact, that, in spite OF The
obstacles, We exported large amount oil bread
SUITS and provisions 10 England and that, by e1-
porting them through Canada. the British duties
were evaded, ard thus a compcn'atins advantage
afforded us Tor the tiisadvantag eous operation
upon us Of The sliding scale. II was in vain We
! exposed the utter folly Of expecting % hnd con-
suiner. Of the produces ol our teeIning hsMs ID
the maDu'actOlies Shish the protective Psiey icy
would raise up. Above all, ]! was 10 VAN We
| demonstrated, BY The principles OF political Geo.
nony, hat it only aggravated the injurious ei-
i,c,, upon u.s. Of The restrictions Of o'he: nations,
10 meet ,heoi with restrictions npon our part
and Ina, il was the conrse Of vengeance rather
han wisdom. The arguments were adhered To-;
and mus, admit they produced their effect
They appealed 'eSe na,nra If % D renal.
and, repeat. they had their effect.
IN, Great Britain no sooner changes hsr poll
~. she no sooner does the very thing which il
had been admitted would make ii expedenl 10 M
no sooner 5sse. dyse s hs
nnon ali The produce OF The farmer, and proposes
IN ramnve HE duly entirely from onI Indian corn