The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1846-11-05

III
not ignorant PAIsANO.
CALIFORNIA, July, 1885.
The administration of the incomes of the ports ha
been up to the present time in charge Of officer quas
lifted for the purpose, who likewise embraced the cir
pole of his attributes the subate-n commisarias OF
prcsdios One only individual being with the
administration treasury, public accounts &C. It may
easily be perceived what in his power to do but
the present general embracing every possible means
that offer for the regulation o marine custom and in the
port OF San Diego there already placed persons
viz an administrator and an accountant, who are wait
ing the appreciation of the supreme government
The amount of the revenue is small that il has
been sufficient to defay third of the expenses
ofhe garrison This calculation may easily be made by
little attention to the amount of expectation The abso
Lutte want Of money leaves not doubt that the Intrinsic
hides and talow exported this amounting to $4,000
heretofore shown the result is that this the integral
value Of commerce annually introduced into this terri
tory. The deduction Of duties are never made the
sales, but the prices current and without any risk
of being mistaken, they may be averaged at twenty
per cent difference, that the intrinsic value on
which tho duties may be deduced will be about
$4,000 dollars. In the new arancel current in the
republic the dued goods fixed and such as are
not indicated pay 40 per cent whatever they are
valued, but the supreme government has thought pro-
perto grant to this territory the benevoence Of lowering
Its duties twohfths for this this customhouse
only receivess ~ per csnt or less than is ndi
Gated in the aranee BY the rule the average i'm.
receive % $50 dollars annually which is almost the only
entry the marine customhouse have received this
There is likewise another small income which flows
into the national Golfers arising from the tythes. By
special grace, the Pontfcia Fathers have coded the
tythes to the public Golfers Of government to the end
that they may be assisted in their turn in their apostolic
conquests the Indians these ythes being gra
vitatod In private individuals only they scarcely
worthy Of notice they do not exceed three thousand
dollars yearly. the missions, which the places
where the most produce is raised, both in cattle and
grain. being exempt from this aud all other pensions
whatever. The provisions which they occasionally send
to the Presdios is not grauous, is loan, consid
ed equal in all its points with any other debts the presi
dos may have contracted with them. The municipal in.
comes Of any state always in proportion TO its popu
atinn
mission, it is not difficult to perceive at the nullity
OF this branch of tho territory there contrbu
cept wines and strong liquors manufactured in the
country But this is scarcely sufficient to pay the sala-
res OF TWO school masters aud the secreta
OF the deputaon The other members comprised in this
department have no salary. PAISANO.
CALIFORNIA, July 1876.
Nuture has looked with eye OF prediction this
territory Few parts Of the world enjoy her gifts
tensivey as this In the animal creation she has not been
as numerous incommodous in other parts-are here
not permitted to exist but in exchange for this the
sheep goats hogs &C. fhe supersbundance Of horses
the propagation of which animal is immense that is
ture which these animals account of their numbers,
destroy with their hoois, to kill them off in large
beers and the vehemence with which the red deer, fall
low deer, hares rabbits, &C. propagate their kind Is
beyond all probability: and lastly, with the object of
demonstrating her she has not forgotten the bear
the leopard the wolf, mountain cat and fox, with
abundance ofhe other tribes while her coasts abound
with most exquisite fishes Of many kinds Among the
amphibious animals may be distinguished the singular
and her rivers receive into their the useful
beaver. What riches might not such variety of
full animals furnish But unfortunately industry is not
known in California.
The vegetable system cannot be excelled in Calfor
MIA that plant very which does arrive at per-
Of trees bearing the most delicious fruits The repro
duction Of shrubs is beyond conception not forgetting
dance and variety Of herbs, which call for the superior
understanding OF the naturalist and botanst who would
here find Entertainment to the utmost Of their wishes
The mineral kingdom is unknown in California. for
want Of investigation Several persons have noticed
mineral stones and some affirm the existence of
this opinion, merely mention it.
The number Of rivers which constantly flow within
the ten degrees of coast which California contains
eight; some Of them pretty large but the most of
them worthy of little attention, To many Of them
might be given different direction with the greatest
facility, for the purpose Of erlizng some immense
plains which are at present nothing more than dry,
dusty and useless lands but the system of California is
the number of small rivers which flow from the mmed
ate mountains is immense The waters of most Of these
might BE- and used for the Of IO osS
tants know how to profit by the advantages which ma
ture has presented them with great part Of these
supply the cultivated lands with moisture during sum-
PAISANO.
CALIFORNIA, July, 1916.
the plains which lie between the great mountain and
the lower range, called the Low mountains On these
situated TWO largo WdtcrS VI
Communicate by small canal at short distance the
length of these two lakes united is about 90 or 100
leagues from north to south and their width averages
about 10 leagues from east to west They empty them.
selves to the norhward and their waters form the great
Sacrament river which empties itself into the Pacific
through of those singular straits in the bay Of
San Francisco In these lakes several islands which,
we'll the shores of the lakes all coured with
bulrushes ule)-or this the of tdares
given to these immense plains The part of the
lakes rests the foot the great mountain The exten
sion Of these plains from north to south is immense and
air 10 ahn for ho n
excellent fish, and divers kinds of aquatic birds pecu
liar kind of beaver also found its shores and the
islands, where likewise to be several Indian
villages The beautiful fertile plains which run between
the great mountain and the lakes without doubt is what
s oSsy naIt e Of bs counrW The
of pine, oak hazel NUT and great many other species
Of timber together with the rich pasture and delightful
praires. form a conjunction the most picturesque and
the most interesting that possible to imagine In this
beautiful spot is to be found the greatest number of In
dians though 1t impossible under the existing circum-
stances to say how many: These gather together in
tribes each tribe has its chief who nherts his title from
his ancestors. The tribes associate very little with each
other they very often quarrel particularly the
Of seed gathering these quarrels end in fights, when
considerable numbers Of them are killed No Kind
great respect for their dead The hair of the deceased is
very much appreciated and they meet once year, TO-
the time Of this annual feast nvitesal the friend
y tribes within forty fifty miles Of him. and, after
old
aged their oracIes They use poygamy, but divor
common aD'0ng them Inc Lupual Donus are
by the the BRIDE who demands Of the
bridegroom a quantity Of beads in proportion to the
supposed merits OF the bride. divorce is made valid
by returning husband the quantity of beads
The covering worn by the women Is short cloak made
rabbit skins twisted and knitted into the other the
tails being left to hang loose its width is by
sufficient to their bodies. Their customs are what
nature teaches them, and she has distributed amongst
them with liberal hand different species of quadrupeds
for their sustenance besides birds, fishes, nutritious
Seeds &C. &c. in abundance In both sexes the stature
is proporonable but the ply siognomy denotes stupidity
Their color dark copper, their agility great their dan
nothing but sort OF imitation OF the anucs Of
different animals with which they scluainted; their
singing continual repetition OF yes and groans and Is
most Should establishments be raised
in these parts Of what value would these tulares
become 2 fAlSANO.
CALIFORNIA, July, ls46.
There are several islands situated Immediately
on the coast from North Of Santa Barbara to the parallel
of San Diego The most worthy Of notice are Santa
Cruz and santa Catalina each about twenty leagues in
circumference The distance Of these islands from the
main land is about six leagues, some Of them; others
about twelve. They nearly North and South, the
the coast, leaving n DaviQable between