New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1846-02-20
Great Britnin and tho United Staies-oregon
and Free Trnde

ting that Mr. Pakenham had no, transmitted Mr.
Folks offer 10 compromise on the 10th degree 10 his
Government, and plainly stating that. If not accept
ed il might have formed the basis OF an offer in turn
70 the United States with the concurring observa.
,ions of Lord John Russell. the leader OF the Oppo-
ston NANTES, the united and anxious desire OF the
whole British Nation TO cultivate friendly relations
ui,b tho United States A Sigh; jar will doubtless be
occss;oned by the receiptot Mr. Buchanan refusa.
to arbi,rate in any way but this cannot overroeihe
general anxiety for Peace. Unless our Government
r;s, in its demsnds as the British Ministry make new
eai,rts 10 satisfy them we shall have the Oregon
difference settled right speedily and on terms which
ought TO give universal satisfaction. Unless mad
ness rules the Councils of our Executive, the tavors
bic opportunity will be embraced and Treaty con-
spmmated which will not leave cloud of European
hostility ON our horizon There is now particle
of pretex, tor proferins Commercial equivalents to
England to secure an Oregon Boundarya as favorable
as can be desired. and we do not now believe tina;
any Treaty will be framed comminshng these d.
verse clements.
The proposed suoverson OF the Corn Laws, aud
the consequent Amos, entire overthrow OF her Pro
,ective Dates by Great Britain will be every where
received with lively interest That we cannot re-
gard this revolution with such intense and unm'aed
qualification as DO the followers OF Mr. Calhoun ana
Of the Journal OF Commerce "a most true; yet we
shall watch with interest and hope the progress OF
the experiment on which England is about TO enter
For thirty years she has preached Free Trade to
all the world and prscticed the contrary at Rome
She has been crowdng every open port with her
fabrics and refusing take in the products Of
the nations she thus rendered tributary to her Man
ufacturing ascendency unless those products were
such as neither herself her Colonies could advan
tageousy rival. She has maintained the attitude OF
merchant who living upon the trade Of the sur.
rounding country, should vet charge heavy toll
for the privilege of entering his store This course
has been pushed the utmost limits OF endurance,
and beyond Russia. Germany and the L. States
her three great cuStomers-have severally been
driven to manufacture for themselves because she
would not freely take their staples in payment
for her fabrics France never gave her an opportu-
ui,v 10 refuse her n fair trade England's most lb
era customers for her fabrics have gradually become
her rivals She meets and is supplanied by their
goods on the Amazon, the La Plata, and in the Vel
low Sea, instead of supplying them at her own
prices on the Neva, the Elbe, the Hudson New
markets have been opened by her enterprise or her
arms but the old steadily passing out OF her
control She had no choice but to give up the hope
of supplying the world with the bulk Of its wares
and fabrics or open her ports to the worlds pro
duce She has chosen wisely, regarding the matter
solely in its mercantile aspect.
But is it clear that other nations should accede 10
the terms of unrestricted intercourse which she is
at length constrained to offer In our judgment,
they should not and they viii deporaby mistake il
they do That she can fabricatc most cloths and
wares cheaper at this time than other nations is
true, consequently she hazards nothing OF her Man
utacturing ascendency or present markets by offer,
ing Free Trade with all the world. She ought, in
the material view of the case. TO have made this
offer long since. But it is not wise-it il not ad
vantageous to any Nation to buy its Manufactures
and pay for them in the Products of the Soil No
country or region which devoted its Industry al
most wholly TO the production OF Timber, Corn,
Cattle, &c exporting these and importing It's Sarea
and fabrics in return did fail TO fall
in debt and ultimately become embarrassed and i'm
poverished. The reason of this is implanted in the
nature of things. An average thousand dollars
worth of British fabrics may be transported from
Manchester to Illinois for thirty dollars consequent
~ will supplant and prevent the production OF rival
fabrics in Illinois with Free Trade on both Sides
so long as they can be made in England ten per
cent. below the cost OF making them in illinois,
But the Grain Grower of Illinois. to pay for his
| British goods must sell his Grain for less than
half its price in England, end at this rate COM
pete with the Grower there md nj all near
points He must give halt or more Of the
suners price OF his Grain for the OF Transporting
it, while the Manufactured buys but twentieth Of
the price las fabrics for like service. The price
of the A gricultural Nations Staples must thus be
kept for ever low while she exchanges them at q
distance for fabrics though they would rise nearly
10 the average price Of similar staples throughout
the world if she made her own fabrics and thus
ated Home Market for the bulk of her produce
By this course, she would diminish vastly the IN
productive Labor else employed in shipping, trans
porting, &c, and increase that devoted to Produc-
tiOn-consequently increase the amount OF her Pro
duction and the reward OF her Labor fit be true
that one hundred employed in growing Grain
and another hundred making Cloth-all within the
same township produce larger aggregate
than If they were located on opposite sides OF the
globe. with half the entire number engaged In trans
porting and interchanging the Grain and Cloth, then
it is demonstrable-nay, il is demonstrated-that
discriminating Protection is the true policy OF Ma
tons and that it ough, to be adopted and cherished
by all.
We nave no shadow of i-will to England mort
any other nation. We envy none their greatness
we would check their healthiul growth we
ierven;ly desire that their People shall all be pros
peroas and happy. But we believe this great end
is to be sgnally promoted by each buying OF others
those staples only which Nature iorbds i, to pro
duce in sufHciency for itself, excluding others b0s
taking these freely and paying for them with such
it in like manner can produce with the greatest
facility Thus believing would have our Own
Country adhere to this policy, substantially embod
led in present Tarif-not bes, for one only
bat for all. We still hope that an American Con.
gress must decide to sustain it,