The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1846-12-28


and nine other tribes and their associate bands OF the
wild Indians of the southwestern praries and with the
ate the fourth submitted that body but fer want
OF time, 1t is supposed, not acted on the last will be
submitted at the approaching session.
BY the treaty with the Kansas, two millions OF
IN the eastern portion OF their country purchased,
OF which five hundred and seventy-six thousand
are set apart for the future home OF the Chppewas OF
e, ,a anu poawa,omes Il was chiefly with view
well as TO create small fund for the support and i'm
proyement OF the Kansas, that their surplus lands were
purchased
By the treaty with the Chppewas Otawas, and Potta-
watomes, they sold 10 the government their two separate
in Ohio, the other the Usage river,
west Of the State OF MISUNDERSTANDING together about
six millions OF acres; and they agreed TO remove within
two years after the ratification OF the treaty TO their new
home in the kanZas country. For time past these
indians, though OF the same stock, speaking the same
language and united by the ties OF kindred, have been
separated and had different and to extent unequal
interests which gave rise 10 jealousy and dissatisfaction
They now, in accordance with Their wishes, to have
a common home, where they may reunite with common
and equal interests which will render them much better
contented and the relations between them and the gov
eminent more simple, satisfactory and economical This
treaty embraces an entirely new principle, by which,
after certain period should there be any decrease in the
number OF the tribe, their annuites 10 diminish in
proportion so that their general interests and resources
VIII remain the same IN proportion TO numbers instead
OF increasing with any decrease Of the tribe The opera
ton OF this principle WILL is believed be sautay. The
practice has been to stpulae liked sum for the annuues
winch tTedtles nave been
so that in OF decline in numbers the general and in
hydua interests Of those remaining proportionatey
increased The greater the resources OF tribe the greater
the hope and chance OF gain by whskey sellers and other
Interested and avacous PERSONS and hence the induce
ment TO such persons TO encourage dissipation and de-
bauchery among the Indians calculated TO engender dis
ease and TO shorten and destroy life when the RESOURCES
OF the survivors would be thereby augmented and their
chances OF gain increased Hence, also the liability OF
those OF tribe not addicted TO such selfdestructive
habits, feeling less interest in, and making less exer
welfare unfortunate h.
rem, by whose deaths they would be benefited. Du-
ring even the limited time have been charged with
the administration OF the affairs OF this department,
have become satisfied that there is no evil so great
to which tribe can be subjected as the posses
sion OF resources, not the fruit OF their own indus
try and frugaty, in the form of large and extraya-
CANT annuities They lead to Incidence and to other
habits which not only prevent their moral and social i'm
Proyemen but tend eventually to their corruption and
If not determination When msappied or
withheld for their benefit by the Chiefs into whose
hands they by law made payable, as is less
liable to be the case dissatisfaction, and strife and
bloodshed may be the result When duly paid over to
all those entitled the Indian who is naturally mprov-
ldent, and has little regard for money when comes into
his possession after supplying his temporary wants has
the means OF living for time independent of industry
exertion, in dleness and prohgacy until the ndspo
son TO labor the habit OF ntemperance becomes
strong that he degeneates into wretched oucast, and
eventually parts with his actual necessares, in
order still longer to avoid eyertion for subsistence,
to obtain the OF further indulgence in drink thus
reducing himself to state OF the greatest want and suf
1eTlng. III would De lar Detter 1Or every tribe III the
means at their own disposal which are not derived from
their own industry, sufficient only TO satisfy such
actual necessities and wants they could provide
for by their exertions that they would have no
surplus to tempt them into idle and dsspated habits or
TO make them victims to be preyed upon by dpaved and
avaricous whites.
In the negotiation of the treaty under consideration
other new and important principles were acted on The
government declined to assume any OF their debts or to
interfere in any way with the relation of debtor and
creditor 1t also declined to make any special or ndi-
yidual land avoiding the
great labor and care which would be thrown the de-
parment by the location and sale of such grants as well
as the odm OF any apparent partaty in favor OF those
TO whom they might have been made.
The treaty with the Cherokees, which made with
the representatives of the three parties into which those
people have for some years been divided, and between
whom, is well known, the most unfortunate dferen-
ces have existed far appears to have been productive
of the happes effects All parties seem to have united
to carry out in good faith the udcious provisions of the
treaty. to forget ancient euds and past misunderstood
ings; to reestablish their original relations OF good fell
lowshp and 10 the progress in civilization and
prosperity for which they have heretofore been 50 highly
Since the provisions OF the treaty
generally made known in the country, not murder
outrage, unfortunately of frequent occurrence previously
the settlement with the Cherokees, required by this rea
ty account of the expenditures under that OF 1866,
and the department hopes to complete in satisfactory
at an early period in the approaching session of
Congress
The treaty with the Cumanche and other wild Indians
of the prares provides for good understanding be-
tween them ana our government ana cuZens, anu the
friendly Indians borders and for the of
our relations with them These Indians are
OF wandering and mschieyous disposition, and have it
in tn cir power to inct much injury upon frontier
citizens In their predatory excursions they have not
only committed numerous MURDERS and carried of and de-
stroyed much property, but they have been in the habit
of taking captive women and children with the view of
obtaining ransom for them, and when this has not been
realized the situation OF these capves has been dep
bebeing subjected to life OF much hardship, and but
frequently to great cruelty and outrage The treaty
provides remedy for these evils; and it is believed that
its principal and most important provisions could be
ried into effect in satisfactory to the Indians at
comparatively trihng expense the government 1t
be regretted that there not time to act upon at
the last session, as the Indians may become dissatisfied
with the delay in the fulment of of its stipula-
TONS AMI be disposed to resume their former schevous
habits. With the view of preventing this far pos
sib, deemed prudent to send agent from Tex
der to explain the causes of the non-ulment OF the
treaty. and to counsel them to remain peaceabe and TO
abstain from the commission OF any ourages OF the
suit of this mission there has not 5een time to hear
hopcl that the treaty will be taken up and acted by
the Senate at an early period OF the next session. The
completed in to be laid before that body pre-
vous to adjournment, but it will be submitted to Con-
sress early day next session. under resolution OF
the House of Representatives of the 10th Of August
last
The treaty with the Winnebagoes, il ratified will Sc
Indians in Iowa. which, including those they pos.
sessed the right hunting grounds, estimated
about four millions OF acres most OF It Of excellent
luaty. These lands and those purchased Of the Chip
Dswas, Ottowas, and Potawatomes, comprise large
BODY said to be well suited to settlement and cultivation
OF the rapid increase OF population in the
lotrshinc State of Iowa On the removal of the Chip