Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1846-12-17

err ana OF The evils OF system rendered manifest
in that country by long and painful experiences,
and in the face Of the immense advantages which,
under n more liberal commercial policy, are al
ready deriving, and must continue to derive, by
supplying her starving population with food,
the United States should restore policy which
she has been compelled TO abandon, and thus d-
m1sh her ability to purchase from us the food and
other articles which she so much needs, and we so
much desire to sell BY the simultaneous nban-
donment Of the protective policy by Great Britain
and the United States, new and important markets
have already been opened for our agricultural and
other products commerce and navigation have re-
ceved new impulse labor and trade have been
released from the artificial trammels which have
so long fettered hem and to a great extent reci-
procy in the eSchqnge of commodities, has been
introduced at the same time by both countries, and
greatly for the benefit Of both. Great Britain has
been forced, by the pressure of circumstances at
home, to abandon policy which has been upheld
for ages, and to open her markets for our immense
surplus Of bread-stuffs and it is confidently be-
lieved that other Powers of Europe will ultimately
sire the wisdom. if they be not compelled by the
pauperism and sui1erings Of their crowded popula-
ton to pursue n similar policy.
4 Cur farmers are more deeply interested in main
tanning the just and liberal policy Of the existing
law than any other class Of our citizens They
constitute large majority OF our population; and
il is well known that when they prosper all other
pursuits prosper also. They have heretofore not
only received none of the bountes or favors Of
government, but, by the unequal operations Of the
protective policy, have been made, by the burdens
OF taxation which it imposed, to contribute to the
bounties which have enriched others.
When a foreign well as home market is op-
ened to them, they must receive, as they now
receiving, Increased prices for their products
They will find a reader sale, and at better prices,
for their wheat -four, rice, Indian corn, beet, pork,
lard butter cheese, AID other articles, which they
produce The home market alone is inadequate to
! No To a,ft Tho
food and other articles VIII ch they are caplbe of
producing. even at the most reduced prices, for the
manifest reason that they cannot be consumed in
the country. The United States can, from their
immense surplus. supply not Only the home demand,
but the Deficiencies o. food required by the whole
world.
| That the reduced production of some of the
chief articles of food OF Great Britain, and other
ports of Europe may have contributed to increase
the demand for our bread sufs and provisions is
| not duubted-that the great aud efficient cause OF
this increased demand, and of increased prices,
consists in the removal Of artificial restrictions
heretofore imposed, is deemed to be equally GER
tain. That our exports of food, already increased
and increasing beyond former example, under The
more liberal policy which has been adopted, will be
still vastly enlarged. unless they be checked pre-
vented by a restoration of the protective policy,
cannot be doubted. That our commercial and nav
,igatlng interests will be enlarged in correspond
ing ratio with the increase # our trade is equally
certain while our manufacturing Interests will
stll be the favored Interests ol the country and re-
cclve the medicinal protection afforded them by
revenue duties; and more than this they cannot
justly demand
In my annual message of Deceaber last tariff
of revenue duties based upon the principles OF the
existing law was recommended, aud ! have
no reason to change the opinions then expressed.
In view OF the probable beneficial effects Of that
law, recommended that the policy established by
it be maintained. 1t has but Just commenced TO
operate; and TO abandon modify it without Civ
ing 1t fair trial, would be incxpedient and unwise.
Should defects in any Of lis details be ascerldIned
by actual experience Ia exist, they nlay he hereat
ter corrected but until such defects shalt become
manifested, the act should be fairly tested.
1t is submitted to your consideration whether it
may not be proper, measure, to impose
revenue duties on some of the articles embra-
ced in the free list. Should it be deemed proper
to impose such duties, with view to raise revenue
to meet the expenses OF the war with McKee, or to
avoid to that extent the creation of pubic deot
they may be repealed when the emergency which
gave to them shall cease to exist, and consti
tute part of the permanent policy of The country
The act of the OH Of August last, ''to provide
for the better organization OF the treasury, and for
the collection, safe keeping, transfer, aud dlsburse
ment Of the public revenue" has been carried into
execution as rapidly as the delay necessarily aris
ing ont OF the appointment OF new officers, taking
and approving their bonds, and preparing and secu
ring proper places tor the satekeeplng of the pub
lie money, would permit 1t is not proposed to de-
part in any respect from the principles or policy on
which this great measure is founded There are,
however, defects in the details of the measure de-
veloped by its practical operation, which are fully
set forth in the report of the Secretary of the trcas
ury, 10 which the attention of Congress is invited
) These defects would IMPAIR to some extent, the
successful operation OF the law at all times, but
especially embarrassing when the country is engage
: cd IN war, when the expenditures are greatly IN
creased when the loans are TO be effected, and the
disbursements are to be made at points many hun
dred miles distant, in cases, from any depos
f tory and large portion of them in foreign
= try. The notifications suggested in the report of
= the Secretary of the Treasury, are recommended
to yoar favorable consideration.
In conn ction with this subject, invite your at
enllon to the importance of establishing branch
OF the mint of the United States at New York.
Two thirds of the revenue derived from customs
being collected at that point, the demand for specie
to pay the duties will be large and branch mint,
where foreign coin and bullion could be lnned-
aiely converted into American coin would greatly
facilitate the transaction OF the public business, en-
large the circulation Of god anu silver, and be at
the same time safe depository Of the public money.
The Importance Of graluatlng and reducing e
price Ut pLbc lands that have been long offered
the market, at the mlnInun rate authorized by eX-
isting laws, and reunln uusod, induces me again
to recommend the subject to your favorable consd-
Grafton. Many millions OF acres Of these lands
have been offered IN The market for than thir
~ years, aud larger quantities for more than ten or
twenty years; and being Of an Interior quality,
they must remain unsalea6e Cor ali indefinite PERI
, 3D. unless the price at which they may be purchas-
ed shall be reduced. To place plce upon them
above their real value is mol only to prevent their
= sale, aud thereby deprive the Treasury Of any
income from that source, but is unjust to the States
IN which they lie because 1t retards their growth
and increase OF population, aud because they have
t no power TO levy TAX upon them as upon other
/ lands within their limits, held by other proPuetors
than the Uned States, tor the support OF their To-
cal governments.
, The beneficial effects of the graduation prlnci-
ME hnva hnnn renlIznd hY some o. the SLales