The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1846-02-28

spect for the South and West prompts him 10 this
course; but he safely leave their interests TO the
caro- Of such minds Mr.. Benton, MIR. Calhoun.
Mr.. Walker, and others.
Our northern farmers may demand his care, and
ask him why wool is admitted at duty of i've per
cent? Coarse wool, 10 be sure iohea II passes the
eAsionshoussi but after washing and sorting, il is
found hne enough TO interfere materially with Amer
lean wool.
The farmers and catile-dealers throughout the
country may inquire why foreign hides pay only
Mr.. Lawrence mentions the eorn-laws as another
evidence OF the protective policy Of Great Britain; but
he cannot but be of the efforts that have baen
made for years, by some Of the most intelligent men
Of that country, to do away with these unjust laws
and that by the last steamer accounts brought
TO US, Of subscription in day, and in coun-
~, OF above $4,000 to maintain the contest against
the monopoists in corn; contest almost parallel 10
that against the protected classes IN this country
He also mentions the duty, and charges, and com.
missions for sales, upon pork, being very high.
What the charges, which, l presume, includes the
freight in an american ship, or the commissions for
sales, very likely paid 10 the American merchant,
have TO do with the English tariff is not easy To dis
cover: perhaps the Illinois farmer has, ere this, dis
covered, that the freight and the charges and the
commission for sales upon his pork shipped to Bos-
ton or New York, have amounted to large per
centage; and when he gets his returns in brown
sheetings at eight cents per yard in other goods
at double the prices for which he could have reeeiv
ed them from England, he will not fail to discover
the hardship Of the present tariff upon his interest
give you the actual duty upon Of the principal
articles Of American produce in England and also
upon some descriptions Of British goods in this coun-
try. r..
In addition TO the great staple Of cotton, the fol-
lowing articles from this country are admitted into
England free Of duty, viz; wool, hemp, lard and
lard oil, nsoed and nsesd cake, pot and pearl ashes
hides, tar, rosn, rough turpentine, rice, leather
lead ore, slaves, bark, beeswax, and many others
Pork and beef for ships use admitted free whale
oil pays no duty after this year. The duty tai
low is less than three-fourths OF a cent. per pound
and on cheese about two cents per pound; in this
country the duty on cheese from England is nine
cents per pound.
In return for this, We charge a duty on low
priced caicoes and cambrcs of about 40 per
cent; on sheetings and shrtings nearly the same;
and on some Of the lighter fabrics, chiefly used at
the South and West, such as mosquito nettngs, for
example, the duty varies from 40 to go per cent.
As 10 the doctrine that an excess Of exports over
imports is a proof Of profitable trade, | will men,
tion few cases that can be easily understood A
cargo OF ice is sometimes sent from Boston TO Cal
cutts. Now this ice is Of little value here, especially
in winter, and would not probably appear in the
custom-house books above one thousand dollars
in value, at Calcutta this would doubtless be deemed
luxury and command high price, and the pro-
ceeds Of sales coming back in the same ship might
be entered the value of Ave or even ten thousand
dollars. Yet, one will be simple enough to argue
that this proves improbable trade to the ooun-
try, Again: a cargo Of American articles, Of per-
haps little value, is sent to California the north
west coast, and with the proceeds, valuable cargo
Of furs is brought back will any think, that be-
the inward cargo appears the custom house
books Of far greater value than the export cargo,
that the trade is a loss TO the country Yet another
instances cargo Of -four, value $40 900, is shipped
to Rio, and brings back proceeds Of sales coffee
TO the value of $50 000 il is certainly gain to the
-ltk .rk H. a.
the ship goes out again with cargo of same
amount and is lost with her return cargo: will any
dispute the loss TO the country, though the ex-
port list shows $40 900 against no Imports
The truth is, that so far from excess Of imports
exports proving loss to the country, IL proves
just the reverse; and it appears to me that no un-
biased mind come to any other conclusion.
Mr.. Lawrence mentions the duty on -four at Rio
Janero to be S. to IS per BARREL but upon referring
this morning to the Brazilian tariff, find the duty
upon "Aour" to be only twenty-five per cent about
one dollar and fifty cents per barrel. We might
presume Mr.. Lawrence to be wrong in his argu-
ments, but are somewhat surprised to find him so
careless msinformed in regard to bis facts. .
Respecting the cutlery about the frauds Of foreign
one would think Mr. l.. was a citizen Of the Ce-
estal Empire, where all foreigners are barbarians,
that the old nursery-song of Fe Fl, Fo, Fun was
ever present to his mind
am no friend to foreigners or foreign CUSTOMS
and wish our people did not so closely initiate their
foles and foolerics in the way of veries, crests,
and other silly and un-American fashions; but dis
dain to increase the preudces Of citizens Of this
country against nations from which we have de-
scended, and from which have come many of the
noblest men the world has yet seen.
Nor can forget that the principal cases Of frauds
upon the revenue in Boston, for many years, have
been by American houses. F
This danger Of smuggling is one of the strongest
arguments against high tariff; and, without doubt,
the revenue loses much more from this cause than
4 in ~ he'll fOr yVh fnr m
guard immense coast and frontiers against "those
corectors Of extravagant legislation, LAS Sir Rob
ert Peel once called them,) the smugglers'n
| As to ad-valorem duties, and frauds consequent
thereon, homo valuation would do much to lessen
such frauds; and being in trade in l842, when the
homs valuation was in operation, am satisfied that
by little practice, and by correspondence and
pies from tho different ports, the system will be
found very practicable
j The crisis which Mr. Lawrence depicts as con-
sequence of low duties, is now gathering, and will
come, unless something is done to restrain the banks
from over-issues, tariff or no tariff.
| These commercial difficulties are not in conse-
quence of low duties or high duties but arise al
| most entirely from erroneous banking system.
If such panics and crises do come, it will be sat
| sfaction to the southern planter, or the western
trader that northern manufacturer holds the mort
cages over their estates rather than foreigner
will it solsce the Impoverished people to know that
/ had they been abb to purchase their goods at the
II
the mortgage and poverty
| Mr.. Lawrence denies that wages have fallen, bnt
| I have letter from Lowell stating that the girl,
now only receive eleven cents per piece for weaving
the same cloth for which they were pald hieen Genus
i in lS42 He also states, that in l84l and lo42, on
account of the low tariff, the wages of the females
at Lowell were reduced to 81 so per week, and at
the present time the average wages Of the same
number Of females is ~ per week, On referring to
/ the annual statistics Of Lowell manufactures, COM
piled from authentic sources, and printed and pub
i fshed at Lowell | find the average wages of females
for the year, exclusive Of board made up to Janu-
airy 1, l642, to have been ~ per week;and on same
authority Of January !, ls45, the wages average
Al rs per week. and also the average wages OF males
to have been eighty cents per day, by the list of
I842, and only seventy cents by the list OF ls45
Facts are stubborn things and 60 far to prove that
high tariff is of little or advantage to the work
people in the factories, but that the owners de-
rive the great profit Of this tax upon consumers
The unwiingness Of the owners and capitalists to
AZ pla in he has