The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1846-03-19

position OF tnlngs that Popuation was on the IN
crease, and seeing that, he said, he would ching
the convention, whichwas the oaly way decide the
the question: and on that ground they would have the
territory by settlement He knew that their emf
grants could secure the territory by marching to II,
and that every year they could emigrate by thou
sands Great Britain could not reach II but by wa
ter, which would cost her voyage OF some ~, 600
miles She had many places nearer to her than
oregon-rnany nearer places, and more eligible TOR
her emigrants to settle in even New Zealand was
nearer to her than Oregon. He had said, let US adj
here to the convention and the question would thus
be decided There were many impediments against
layi was said attributed him. he knew that acting
hastily could only operate against U.S. when, as was
contemplated the United States would by and by in
quiet manner occupy the whole. II saw II was one
thing for them to give the notice and another thing
for Great Britain 10 give it, which was reserved by
treaty. But there was another convention which
Great Britain claimed under, and this we did not
recognize at all-the Nootka Sound Convention
which they (Great Brittany asserted could not be set
aside In this state OF things, he, (Mr e. thought
il ought to be our policy to give what facility we
could TO extend our laws to Oregon, SO that our ci
zens would be protected-to extend them territorial
ties. With such encouragement our people would
go the-e-and this was the critical point. The bill
OF 1913, which was before the Senate, provided for
extending our rights by acting prematurely, It
would bring about point in issue that would lead
to war He then thought II safe to rest on aegoua.
ton Mr.. T., alter reviewing the course OF the blu
OF 1873 went on 70 say, they stood now where they
were then lie felt no responsibility now in the po-
stlon in which he stood II tell upon his friends upon
the right Che de mocratlc party properly He stood,
however, tor compromise, against war. II war, how
that would finch from doing his duty He was averse
To war on this question tor general reasonable was
averse tolt, because he considered peace as posi-
tive good, and war as positive evil. He
be clung to; and would only go to war so
far as it was CONSISTENT with the safety and
honor of the Union. He was opposed to war
because the exlgency did not exist to demand it
of our rights; but there were great and powerful
reasons not 90 to war on the present question.
i they went to war, they should 60 tor Oregon,
call or nome" He would ask, what would be the
effect OF this contest with mighty and powerful
nation, with every advantage against US So long
as Great Britain had power on the waters, she
could maintain the contest. II we had war upon
ae Urego9 question: wG%lq Is soon a, ceass 20 Oe
rope between two great and powerful nations, who
possessed great resources. The next object Of de-
claring war would be to protect our people
IN Oregon. Our people would be duly pro,
tected by our laws. The compromise on 40 would
carry out the objects Of extending emigration. He
was opposed to war and in favor of compromise on
still higher grounds. He believed that the most
successful would not in ten years, enable US to
drive England from Oregon, and should 1t last tor
ten years, 1t would be the most disastrous war that
ever was commenced, and he did not mean to speak
could do each other more injury by war, or greater
good by peace, than Great Britain and the United
States The loss to industry by war-but what
could make up the loss? 1t would not be war alone
with England, it would be Mexican war-it would
be an Indian war--so that around the whole sea
coast and the frontiers, this war would rage. We
would, too, have to go to war against an army OF
Mexican soldiers, under the command Of British
officers, and we had seen what the seapoys could
effect under British discipline. Seven large ar
mics would be required to maintain this con-
test with Great Britaln-one in Mexico
one along the Mexican gulf-one on the Atlantic
seaboard, in the South-one upon the Atlantic, in
the North-east-one upon the Canadian frontier
one along. the line Of the great Lakes-one alongthe
Western frontiers, the whole OF which would re-
qure aggregate force Of not less than 200 900 men
to be constantly in the field Mr. Gallatn, In his late
letters, had estimated the expense Of this war at SIX
ty-five or seventy millions year but Mr. Calhoun.
the cost at $lOO 600 900. and that this would be q
small estimate. We will suppose then that fifty
millions of this sum, is annually raised by the Gov
ernment-the other fifty millions will have to be
would give us five hundred millions OF a nationa!
debt Let us now consider the losses by loans and
mortgages. All Europe is unfortunately against u
in the way OF credit l. would be difficult to pro-
cure loans Of money upon the continent, at less
than thirty, forty or fifty per cent interest And
fifty per cent interest to the principal and we should
have at the end Of ten years, national debt OF $780,
0O0QOo. We shall be plunged into the paper sys-
ton We shall have mortgages upon property
of $3.50 900, 0O0 in favor OF those who have shed
not one drop of blood in defence Of the country;
but who shall have squeezed out Of the people every
dollar they could raise. Such contest, and such
results, will obliterate the line between the States
and the general government. The power OF the
general government will absorb all the powers OF
the States. We shall hear no more Of State sove-
regnty nor State rights. 1t will give an impulse to
measures, doctrines, and agencies, wholly lnconsis-
tent with our form of government. 1t wall end IN
~ Ll.~L.~~ .C Aoor
Three or four military Generals will contend for the
dictatorship. II will become contest between the
rival claims Of the General who conquered Canada
or the Generel who conquered Mexico, or the gene
raj who successfully repealed the enemy on the sea-
board in the East in the South; it will be strug-
Cling with the sword for the rule Of great empire
Is 1t for you, gentlemen turning towards MI. Han
negaDl who stand here as the representative OF oe.
mocracy, par erceLswce-ls 1t tor you, the enemies
Of banks. and of every species OF inflated paper
currency-is it for you, the enemies OF all measures
enlarging the powers Of the federal government,
to adopt the alternative which will certainly bring
about such disastrous results 7 But 60 further.
There are yet higher considerations OF patriotism,
which should influence US against an appeal to
arms. ! am opposed to 1t as friend OF I'M
provement. and of progress, at this time. IN no
period of the history Of the world have the arts
of peace 80 widely prospered and extended, az
since the peace which succeeded to the battle OF
Waterloo. Chemical and mechanical science has
been brought into the service of man, far beyond the
extent to which they fwere known before Civil
cation has extended wide her ample dominions.
But chemistry and mechanics are but only the agen.
cies SO widely and uscfulIy employed. The ele-
ments Of steam and electricity are to be superadded.
Steam has been perfected. As an agent Of human
intercourse 1t has reduced the distance one.half
across the sea, and three-times by land. Within this
period the lightning has been brought into the service
Of man, as the agent Of communication between the
remotest extremes, transmitting intelligence, will
not say as quick the lightning, for il by light
ming itself. And with the extension of these lines,
from one extremity of the earth to the other. we
shall hold communication between the ends OF the
earth in q single instant OF time. These are the
means in hands, and this is spirit OF progress
which can only be arrested by war. II 10 manifest,
that # there is no war; this work Of progress must 60
on. We have already arrived at higher civiliza-
ton than the world has ever before known am
opposed. then, TO a war with England, because she
shares with us in one OF the greatest agencies of car
rying on this great work-the agency which 10 evil