davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-07-02

MORE TYLERITEs DEcAPITATED.-The
following changes were made in the Custom
House yesterday morning:
Joseph L. Kny, Master Of the Revenue
Barge, in the place of }. W. Curtis. VIM.
II. Coleman Inspector, in the place of Amos
Holahan George Gideon, Inspector, in the
place of James Greer, who declined TO &C
cept. Thomas McGettigen, principal Night
Inspector, in the place of Francis McAvoy.-
Phil. North Am.
~ Some ofhe Abolitionists in Massa-
chusetis are circulating the following pledge,
which appears to be, in principle, the sub
stance of the discourse of Rev.Wm. H Chan
ming, delivered in this city on Sunday last:
l. Believing that an oath of affirmation TO
support the Constitution ofthe United States
is utterly irreconciabIe with the freedom Of
the slave,
We, the undersigned,
hereby pledge ourselves not 10 vote for any
candidate for any Office, the entrance upon
which requires such oath or affirmation.
3 We, the undersigned,
hereby pledge ourselves not TO countenance
or aid the United States Government in any
war which may be occasioned by the annex
alton oil Texas, or in any other war; foreign
or domestic, d9sigued 10 strengthen or per-
petuate slavery.
The first pledge is certainly an improve.
ment upon that of James G. Birney, who is
both ready 10 swear &c support the Cons,itu
ton end then 10 violate it. AS for the last
I'VE shall see what we shall see.' The Abo-
litonists are responsible for the Annexation
of Texas, and oughtto bear the whole brun
of any and all wars growing out of annexa.
tion.-Ezpress.
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-07-02

u 1t would seem from the advertisement,
in another column, that friend Gridley is de-
termined to keep pace with the wants of tho
community, by procuring everything that is
calculated to enhance and promute the heath
and happiness Of his customers. In addi-
ZION to his Drug and Medicine establishment
he has procured Soda Fountain, which is a
real exquisite. We are told it is upon an
improved plan. AT all events, the admixture
which it furnishes is the the most palatable
that ever coursed down the human throat. if
we Can be permitted to Judge. The stomach
receives itwith delightful sensation, and for
an honr afterwards is evidently under its re-
freshins and salutary influences. Who will
refuse an occasional sip at this charming
Fountain.
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-07-02

not in the face Of DAY to transfer their violence
anil noise from one party TO the other, and
Nv their shameless preiensions to principles
bring every good cause into contempt, and
lead TOO many to conclude that all party con-
tests are only disguised struggle between
demagogues. for the gains of Office. Who
does not see that this is becoming more aud
more the case, and that our elections are as
cunning the character of a strife Of mercena-
ries for payl We will not stop TO argue that
the government of the country is thus cor
ruptcd, and the public liberty endangered;
that is manifest.
The affams OF the government will come
In he distributed among mcn who have no
faith or honor-whOse life IS a glarlng
aud shameless Iie-who have already
sold themselves for gain, and to whom the
worst REGULATION would scarcely be loss OF
character And in mos, cases, these deiaa-
gogees are unfit, from ignorance, for the du-
rirs oi Office The education Of street police
/. truly notable preparation for the business
ofau accoutaut. And t.i, incompetency has
Isd. and will continue 10 lead, TO the multi
plicaton of Offices. Thus, because the coun-
Try is first wronged, by putting idle and gno-
yant men into Office. II mas, be further bur
1fIlCu ny gu tiINACo9I'' 'N''Nf 10 p"
Thus, to make "pary services" the qpalIii-
cation for place, is To insure that We pay an
enormous price for bad i.tic!e.
Ia every aspeci,it is a corrupiing aud dam
gcrous rule. Looking at ii merely IN this
light il is trying men by false standard: q
The mis- chie.ous absurdiiy off is apparent To
EXAMINE candidates for The degree OF MID. IN
civil engineering. or hl:dshpmen in asricul-
IuraI che -..istry, would not be thought very
ui,e-but this is worsc, FOR it is testing the
atness of candidates by their proficiency in IN
essentially immoral art-ihat of influencing
elections by stirring up The bad passions oil
men. To make prostitution the passport TO
fashionable society. would scarcely be more
fatal tothe virtue of woman. than to make
coarse and noisy demagoguis:n the quallfica-
ton for Office, would be to The purity OF the
government. We have not yet done with
this subject"
All this. (says the Richmond Wing, IS ex-
cellent Whig doctrine. such as we have been
preaching, for years, in our feeble way. We
will do the Mercury the justice TO say, that we
believe il has all The while entertained the o.
pinions here arowed. 1t and IFS party con-
iraciod them during its connection with the
Wing party; andthongh they permitted Them
10 lie in allegiance, as it were, during the last
few years. They have never ceased to feel Their
Justice and their truth.
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-07-02

The advantages as well as the beauty OF
the operation, can be seen at a glance. Mr..
Coleman's little miniature enginetakes a man
oftwo hundred pounds weight up an inclined
plane of 500 feet 10 the mile. with the utmost
ease, advancing preceding enilrely al Inc
option of the engineer, showing a power
over the locomotive OF instantly stopping IL,
which he never has upon Level surface
When the engine is running over Inc ordina-
ry portion OF The road, the endless screw Is
thrown out Of gear, and no addilion 10 me
track is necessary, except when ihe iDeiihed
plane is constructed. The screw with The
circular rollers into which it works. Will wear
out two ordinary o I rails, in consequence
ofthe absence Of friction, both revolving at
the same moment, thus increasing the power
ofthe engine. The cost Of the screw and nc
lures is less than $500.
Had Mr.. Coleman's invention been IN ex-
istencc at the construction oil the railroads
running out Of thisciiy the enormous expense
attending the deep cuts through ihe vast
lodges on the Lowell, Worcester and ProvI-
dence roads, might have all been avoided,
and the trains carried over their srmmits by
locomotives, threading their way up and
down. in The most rapid, sale and beautiful
manner, on each side of these rocky eleva-
iions Its 10 be hoped thatin the construc-
ton of the extension road through New
Hampshire and Vermont 10 Burlington, this
admirable improvement will be fully and
carefully examined by our railroad engineers
and directors; certain we are that IT will not
only shorten routes deemed now unavoidable.
but immensely reduce the expense of con-
structinr every new NATURALIZATION Jour.
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-07-02

GorERyMEyr DEPOSITS. No permanent
system has been adopted by the Secretary of
III, Treasury. lie is engaged at present in
securing the public monies, and rendering the
mint most active and efficient; increasing
the deposiics in the mint, and the coinage, es
pcciaIly Of dimes and half dimes, to be used
under the new post office law. The indie
pendent Treasury bill has been repealed; and
The Secretary is further embarrassed by the
provision o. The l7ih June; 1914, recognizing
to certain extent the then existing deposite
bank system, and declaring, further, "that no
change be made ercept for noncompliance
.riM the Instructions Of the Treasury Depart
,ncat, or the failure to furnish sufficient Securi-
IT," This provision was no doubt designed
10 be changed, whenever the Democratic par
" should come into power 1.-THE two Houses
of Congress. That the Secretary OF the
Treasury will carry out his specie doctrines
TO the full extent permitted by the law. and
especially that he will increase the coinage, IS
certain. Buthe will no, attempt to violate
or evade the law, to carry out any doctrines
be- may entertain.
The Secretary is contributing his proper
ton of public duty to facilitate the introduce
ton of the new post Office law. He has al
ready drawn upon the places of deposite for
Mexican dollars. &c, to be sent 10 the mint
and branch mints in different sums Of $50, 900,
10000. loo, 900. and 50,0O0-to the amount
in all, of $3.50, 900, TO be coined into dimes
nnd half dimes, for the use Of the people I'M
der the new post Office law. More will be
seni 10 the full extent authorized by law
The next issue will probably be of quarters.
when a sufficient number of dimes and half
dimes is coined.-URion.
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-07-02
HARK THE CARS.

Middlebury has at length come nearly up
to her resources. Our subscription now
stands at $l04,O 600 with fair prospect Of
very considerable additions. Some of the
towns in our vicinity have done well, but the
apathy of others as deeply interested as Mid
dlebury herself to secure the richest prize in
pecuniary view which ever can be placed
within our power Is much TO be regretted. A
day of regret will certainly arrive very
disasreeable to those who have withheld
while they had it in their power TO have adj
vanced this noble enterprise. Railroads
will be extended within 90 years to every con-
siderable portion of the country, and this will
not long be deprived of their facilities.
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-07-02
CIRCULATE THE GALAXY.

The change under the new Post Olfcs
Law allowing Papers to go by mail free Of
postage 30 miles from the place of Publica-
ton, will enable subscribers residing IN ans
towns in this County and in several towns IN
adjoining Counties to receive their paper
throuuh the mails entirely free from postag,
Will not our political friends now take our
paper, and endeavor to give it a wide circula-
ton, rather than support low-priced ciis
sheets, stuffed with matter which nobody
Vermont is any wiser for reading: every in
Portant item of general intelligence and po'
litical movements and discussions are recoi-
ded in our sheet, to which is added what 3
of vastly more interest to the citizen OF Yer
mont, knowledge ofour home, poitiea'
aud business affairs, and legislative proceed
inss. The Galaxy is the largest sheet ever
struck in this County, and aliho' its columns
are not so expansive as-city sheets yet we un'
deitake to say that it contains double A'
matter Of any real interest to the PeoPle
Vermont. The city sheets including pos
age must cost much more than the GalaN
freed from that charge. Our terms d.
81 so by mail. Send in your names
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-07-02
---.axzs.acAsza
80 -
RAILROAD NEWS.
GRADIENTS.

When Railroads were first constructed, %
or so feet in mile was supposed TO be the
highegt grade which was practicable. But
it is now ascertained that so or 100 feet and
even more to a mile may be easily. overcome
without any inconvenient decrease in the
load or diminuiion oi'velocity. This result
has been effected by the engagements made
in the capabilities of the locomotive engine.
In England many sta iionary engines on high
SUBMITS have been dispensed with from this
circumstance ;rand whether grade is high
er or lower has become Of comparatively lit
tie consequence. Higher grades1 TO avoid
expensive excavations and entertainments
may be safely adopted without any danger
of impairing the velocity or facilities oftrans-
portation. Heavy teams easily surmount the
grade OF s. feet onrthe Western route by the
improved engines now constructed.
As these questions Of grades hasbeenmade
aprctext in the report Of the Committee of
the Fitchburgh corporation for abandoning
the Rutland route we have extracted from a
report of the Railway department in Scot
land the following items illustrative of our
assertions.
GAS this question of gradients and curves
enters as an important element into the con-
sideration ofthese and many other schemes,
it may be well that we should here state the
views by which we have been guidedin form
ing judgment.
"Discarding all merely theoretical consid-
erations, we have approached the subject ina
practical point Of view, referring 10 the actu-
al experience OF existing railways as the sole
test ofwhat is admissible in regard 10 future
ones.
Sand first, in regard to gradients.
"The Improvements that have taken place
in the construction of The locomotive engine
have greatly enlarged the standard of its ca
pabilites. Not many years ago, anything
sleeper than l in 200 was looked upon as
decidedly Objectionable feature in a line, and
enormous expense was incurred in avoiding
gradients ofsteeper inclination.
" The difference of expense in construction
between line with the first class gradients,
as it was called, i. e., none sleeper than in
200, and one with second class gradients
ranging up 10 in 100, was frequently not
less than 10000, f20 1000, or even 100000
per mile. The London and Birmingham,
Great Western, and Brighton lines, for in
stance, averaging above 100000 per mile.
The Grand Junction and London and South
Western did not execution ego, 000to s25,-
600. Experience has fully proved that no
saving, either in time or economy of working,
has been attained at all commensurate othis
enormous additional outlay of capital. In
deed, in many cases, cheaply constructed
lines have been WORKED. atan equalor less ex-
penditure for locomotive power, and at as
high average velocity as lines CONSTRUCTED at
twice the average expense.
"This is so universally admitted, that such
gradients as were formerly thought objection
of course, and as the capabilities of thes loco
have been enlarged, gradients of class
which would have been considered few
years ago altogether impracticable, have
como into general USE"
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-07-02

We find but little of interest in the City pa
pers The Courier has an article upon the
Exploring Expedition, favorable TO the book,
and giving a condensed account of the pro-
gross oithc discoveries. growing out of the
Expedition. James G. Birney is also no.
ticed. aud oihim the Courier says the follow
ing
This same James G. Birney must feel
deep consciousness that he is himself very
contemplate individual, and be as well con-
WINGED that those he addresses in such Ian
guage as this, are as contemplate, or he
would never venture upon the utterance of
such brazen and silly falsehoods. In pass
ing though Columbus on the same mission,
he appears TO have been better appreciated;
for the citizens of that place treated him
with the silent neglect and contempt that he
has earned for himself Very little notice
was taken Of him even by those who at one
time, says the State Journal, would have
been glad 10 take him by the hand as a phi
lanthropst and u patriot. They think, con-
tinues that paper, that he has merged that
character in the partisan, and by course of
most questionable propriety and consistency,
shaken their faith in his sincerity and purity
oipurpose.
When Birney reached the notable Conven-
ton at Cincinnati, he appears to have mani
tested disposition TO figure pretty largely
in its proceedings, and was actually made
President ofthat august body. Upon taking
the chair he made speech, in which he was
kind enough 10 say that the Convention did
not intend 10 gbolish the Union, at least that
such was not the primary object of its meet
ing. but he said al the time that he had no
.idoIatrous veneraion' for it, and il slavery
could not be abolished without, he for one
went for dissolution, decidedly! He thought
however, that on the whole 1t vas not nee
essary. He was rather ofthe opinion that
AboliIionism could get along without that
extreme measure, al any rate for the pres
ent; still we were to exercise charity for
those who think dissolution the only RENE
DIV. He advised the south TO look out for
their slaves, for every man actuated by the
principles of humanity will act as 7'o1rey did
&c. &C.
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-07-02
THE GALAXY.
MIIIDIDT1BI3URWg WFPo
Wednesday, July 2, l845,

% We perceive that the clerk of our vii
lage corporation has by order of the trustees,
called special meeting to be holden on the
9th of July AT the Town Room at 2 O'Clock
P. NJ. The design oflhe meeting is specified
in the call or warning, is, to see if the cor
poration will vote tax to buy fire engine,
and employ a night watch for time, to Sc
cure us from the torch ofthc midnight iucen-
diary.
We are glad this meeting is called, and
hope the freemen will turn out, and do up this
matter in good order; that our village may be
in condition TO meet any exigency.
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-07-02

Strawberries. Cincinnati is a great place
for Strawberries, and the strawberry crop
appears TO have been unusually abundant
the present year. 1t is enough 10 make ones
mouth water TO read the paragraphs in the
Cincinnati papers, relating to this delicious
fruit. On Friday of last week four horse
wagon was driven up TO one of the markets
with hro tons of Strawberries. Most of the
fruit iscu!tivatcd in adjacent Kentucky, where
patches Olive 10 ten acres are frequent. Two
oflhe strawberry gardens are eighteen and
twenty acres, and one Of them reaches TO
thirty acres in extent there being at least
one hundred and forty acres devoted 10 the
culture q this article! The strawberry sea-
son lasts about three weeks and it is compu-
Jed that during that time one hundred thous-
end boxes, each holding a quart, are dis
posed of in that city. The average price is
eight cents quart, making an aggregate OF
eight ftouSdnd dollars.
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-07-02

IxKLrSGs OF WAR. Gen. Scott, we learn,
came down from West Point on Tuesday
evening, and stopped at American, appearing
- be quite al his leisure. The night-train
brought an officer from Washington, in quest
of Gen. Scott, who after bief interview,
left post has-c for Washington. These facts,
az related to us, strengthen the report that 4
NJ 'xtcan force is on the Nueccs, and that Mr..
Polk is ahcnt 10 undertake the serious respon-
si5ility of driving them over the Rio delNorio-
We have private. hut most reliable advi-
cos, that agents Of Mexico have recently been
among The Chernkees. seeking to engage the
] iiians rs allies of Mexico in expectation Of
War with the United Sales.--future,
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-07-02
ALGERINE USURPATION.

According to Locolocoism the present gov
Down with it! Disincarcerate Dorr. He
is the true Governor. AS an illustration of
the manner in which the SO called Peoples
Constitution was adopted, the Providence
Journal gives list Of the fraudulent votes
which have been discovered in Newport
alone. The voting there lasted week, and
not only was every body allowed to vote FOR
the Dorr Constitution, but every body was
allowed to bring in as many votes as he
pleased purpor;ing to be from others and
certified by his authority.
In the way, says the Journal, thousands
of votes were given in the names cfmen who
had never authorized them, and of men ab-
sent from the State, and even Of fictitious
persons The Convention which counted the
votes and ISSUED the proclamation declaring
the Peoples Constitution. 10 be the law Of the
land, directed that copies Of the list Of voters
should be given to any one who might call
for them. Application was made for list o.
the voters in Newpor; from which il is ascer-
tanned beyond a perndven,ure that Of the
1902 voters on the list, $50 were fraudulent.
Partial lists were obtained from other towns
and similar frauds were detected. Alarmed
at this, contrary TO their directions the men
who had charge Of the lists refused 10 give
more copies. The names of the votes in
Newport are given, from whence it appears
there were foreigners many not in town
Soldiers ofthe United States army: residents
Of other towns, absent at sea at the time Of
,-o,;,rr &C. &C. S50
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-07-02

AMEKIcAv PRoy SON. LirerpovL Jane 4.
The. American Provision Market continues
in healthy state. The demand is fully
quail TO The in,pnr:, aud every dry increases
the popularity os tn Provision from Western
World This increased demand, with the
still increasing popularity. may be attributed
10 the pains which The curers on the other
sitle have recently taken TO hit the taste Of
theis customers en- the side of the water
Beef has lranced in price, but the buyers
seem unwilling To pay the increase rates.
The price of American clashes with the price
Of Irish PORK. whiyh. has intenered to some
extent viii the demand. For Cheese, there
has been much inquiry. the price of which is
fast bordering on that OF English. Butter.
however. is deciuin. in value, while Lard, on
III Contrary, is improving.
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-07-02

The Tribune has undertaken to illustrate
Locofocoism in New Hampshire, and the
fruits Of its labors make palpable enough the
fact that New Hampshire Locofocoism IS an
article standing alone in 1.-THE world,-unex-
ampled for the measures of its men, and Tor
tae perfdy of its. principles. These New
Hampshire Locolocos, at their State Convex
ton on the 18th instant unanimously adop-
ted series Of resolutions reported by Mr..
Harry Hubbard, Of Bath, declaring,
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-07-02

HARTFORD AND New York RAILROAD
The Connecticut Legislature have granted a
charter to a company for constructing rail-
road from Hartford TO Now York State Line,
via Pennington, Bristol, Waterbury and
Danbury. The company are not TO COM
mence operation till 81 500, 900 is subscribed.
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-07-02

ID securing the affections ofthe royal beast.
and even Harvesting him to his car, and SUBJ
Jecting him TO the obedience of common
dray.
Such magnificent exhibition of ,hs nm;
NAL creation the people Of Addison County
will never again have an opportunity of wit
Messing.
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-07-02

Neio HamPsiire.-The Wings oil ''
Hampshire, al their State Convention ".
on The 18th inst, nominated Gen. Anulo-
Colby for Governor. Hon. Ichabod uU',
win was also nominated as Wing candi'''
for Congress at the ensuing election
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-07-02
NENTS.

Cheshire Railroad, Messrs. Whitwell and
Tilton, it is said, have deem appointed engin-
GERS of the Cheshire Railroad, and that a
portion of the road will be Immediately laid
out in readiness for the contractors.-Courier.
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-07-02

Prlee Of Flour. Spectators have appear
ed IN the market already, stimulated by the
news Of a short ropin England and in some
of our western states.