Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1845-12-18


falls far short of what they can accept
AS to our caims 10 other parts of the Territory
than those drained by the Columbia, they extend
as far as the Treaty of Florida with Spain can
warrant
states that he has sent the discussions already had
to his Government, but that, in the mean tine, he
is authorized to offer arbitration leaving the choice
Of arbiters for after consideration.
January 81, 1915, Mr. Calhoun says he has laid
the offer of Mr.. p. before the President and he
cannot accede to the proposal. lie hopes the
question may be settled by negotiation. Arbitra-
ton might rather retard than expedite the settle
ment.
July IL, l845, Mr.. Buchanan having been APP
pointed Secretary Of State, and seeming to over
look the later proceedings, replies TO Mr.. P's
letter of Sept ~ 1914, rests our title on that OF
Spain, conending that at the date OF SPANS trans
fer Of her rights to she had good title to the
whole of Oregon against Great Britain. The
Nooika Sound treaty conferred no right on Great
Britain but to trade with the Indians, was transient
in its nature, and did not touch the sovereignty OF
Spain over the territory That 1t was annulled by
the war between Great Britain and Spain in l706,
and has never since been renewed, aud consequent
ly that Great Britain is destitute of any claim to
the Oregon territory. Having defended these views
at length and enforced our title to the whole of Or
egon, he says the Joint occupancy treaty excerpts
our title from being impaired.
In this view of the subject the President, consid-
ering the action of his predecessors and embarrass-
ed by their ohef to show also tothc world that he
is actuated by spirit of moderation, has Guthort-
zed him Mr.. Secretary B. 10 Qf,T The 49h parallel
| 10 The sea as a boundary icih any port IN pdncoH-
ver'S Island South of that latitude.
July Doth, 1915, Mr. Packenham replies to Mr..
Buchanan coRbats strongly MIR. BIS position, par
ticularly the claim of the United States to the Val
ley of the Columbia to be older than the treaty of
| IIp hp -.th
lean offer to divide the territory United States
can found no claim on discovery, or exploration
or settlement prior to the Treaty OF Florida, with.
out admitting the principles of the Noolka Sound
Convention, and the parallel claims OF Great Brit
ain He contends that the Nootka Sound Convcn-
ton continues ia force, and even if that Convcn-
ton had never existed, the claims of Great Britain
are as good as those of the United States.
He then goes into history Of the discoveries,
| from which it might appear that American citizens
discovered the Columbia River, while British nav
igators discovered Frazer's river, and Vancouver's
Island He repeats the British claims to the terri
tory, aud declines the Offer made by Mr. buchanan.
August 30, lS45 is the date OF the last despatch.
1t is from Mr.. Buchanan in reply to Mr.. p He
quotes the declaration of Messrs. iIuskisson and
Addison that "Great Britain claims no eXclu-
slvc sovereignty over any part OF that lOregonl
Territory" Mr.. B. makes very long argument
in reply to Mr.. p. maintaining the rights of the u
Hiteu States 10 INc WllOie OF inc IcTTilOIN, anu
Fconcudes by Withdrawing his offer.
This would seem to leave the Oregon question
in pokerish state-all propositions rejected and
the United States claiming what the British Min
lister had refused even to discuss. But the organ
of the administration raises peaceful note never
theess, and besides arbitration is still left when
negotiation has failed.
The Boston Atlas of the 10Th says: "There is a
report from Washington, that the negotiations have
been opened anew by the British Minister"
| REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF THE TREAsU-
I.RY-In our last we gave brief abstract Of the
main points of this document. Secretary Walker
echoes the message or the Tariff and Sub-Treasu-
ry-being, however, more explicit on the former
he is dead against Protection; regards all protec-
tive duties burdens upon one class for the bene
fit of another, and generally adopts the dogmas OF
the Free Traders. This is the substance of his
report Were it not paying too dear for the whls'
lie, we should be glad to see his doctrines tried to
their full extent for single year Let us see how
: it would operate; thus:
Duties upon wool, grain of all sorts, beef pork
&C., are taxes (accordingt Walker) upon the con
sumers for the benefit Of the farmers; duties upor
sugar are taxes for the benefit of Louisiana and the
maple sugar producers of the North; duties upor
iron are taxes for the benefit Of Pennsylvania anC
New York; duties upon cotton are taxes for the
benefit of the South; duties upon manufactures are
taxes for the benefit Of manufacturers and mechan
les: now let us abolish the whole of these unjust
nquitous and abominable taxes, which Polk ant
r Walker say) are imposed upon one class for thu
o benefit of another. What shall wc do for reve
= nue.? The Secretary of the Treasury says tn
maximum of duties must be put upon lurWies ; bu
: this will not afford enough revenue, and the doc
. trnc of the Secretary should be carried by cor
ining all duties to articles which this country doe
c not and cannot produce, unless stimulated and su:
N tanned by protection. Then, indeed, there wi
be no protection of one class of our citizens owe
: anoher-all will be placed upon glorious equal
It ty-ah ,ciU be tared for The benefit Of The PRODL
!, GERS IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES! TIL
:, ub-Treasury too, will come in admirably in al
% of this system, requiring all duGes to be paid
>. SPECIE Will not this sacrifice of ones own cOul
try be notable evidence of devotion to "equality
and ''pstce?" We repeat, we should like to see tn
scheme carried out, df it didn't cost little too mic
1t AS it is, we hope the experiment will be tried on
Of upon those who are in faver of it, for instance, u
: on the cotton-growers of the South, the sugar
10 louisiana the grain and tobacco of the West, Il
l. iron of Pennsylvania, and the salt of New Yor
Of The States interested in these articles general
IN voted for Polk and it is than fair that the
IN should be the first victims of his experiments.
I'd REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF WAR.-Tl
army consists of $500. There is but single re
70 iment on the Northern frontier of 1900 miles b
up one regiment on the line of the Mississippi Riv
of 800 miles; and four companies of artille
NJ man all the Notifications ON the Atlantic--al i
rest are in Texas. An increase of the army,
at increasing the number of each company to 6s me