Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1845-02-01


whenever il designs 10 disobey the public VOICE,
and vel wishes to cheat the people into BELIEF o.
il. disposition Ia bow 10 The will OF those from
whom all authority comes How beautifully
consistent Henry Clay's splendid homilies I'D e1-
PLANTATION and defence Of the right OF Instruction
would have appeared side by side with this edi'o-
rial.
You NAV prepare yourselves at Richmond ior
Just such a salving over of contempt ior your
probable action to-day, unless the House OF Dec
gates have amended the resolutions OF The senate
which are equally as strong as those Of LOUISE
ana.
We have, in this city, great curiosity to Know
how many OF our Legislature will dare 10 record
their names against The instructions. IN our
Congressional District, Ohe ninih,) every Demo
crat and three in every four Wings, arc out-ana-
out advocates of Annexalon-so that any wing
member. who votes against il, mnst know nc Is
in Richmond for the last lime "by and WIN lhe
consent of" his constituents.
McNully's examination is progressing. AS
vet, nothing has been brought TO light tall likely
TO change The appearance Of the case from that
developed By The report Of the Committee on Ac-
counts Yours, truly.
TIE RANDOLPH EPISTLES.-Ner Series.
No. VIII
Tie distinction Mt1reCn C0mpdctS and Ireafics-
Congress alone can male the powcr- InfeTnat'oH-
al Copy-nght-1Ne Compact rth dta0a n,
VIA M@owi-IVM North Cafohna.IsI era.
eonld do he ume-inneratiOn By GN-By Dis-
corerv-Bu Conqucst-And by Occnpancy-
.Iudbe done by Congress, and not by Treaty.
The Compoct icih Georgia.
ia The Editors ofMc enquirer:
WASHINGTON Cry January 81, 1915.
Dear Sirs: Compacts differ from treaties far
less in the objects TO be accomplished, than III
| their modes OF ratification The President mng
conduct the negotiations for b0tb i'ha object OF
negotiation is 10 ascertain The common VIII oil The
contracting nations. When that is accomplish
ed, The difference, if made, commences. IL a
heatV is in contemplation, lie must make il, sgr,
seal and deliver il, ard pass II over to The Sc
nate ior ratification II il be Il c"mp0cf, nc al0'e
cannot make it, nor an he ami Inc Senate alone
| either ratify or consummale ii-and Tor The very
plain reason, that il is The power To make hfHtits
0Rip and no! eompactS. which The Constitution
has conided 10 them. Hence when negotiation
| has asceiianed what would be acceptable, or
what would moi, (u,iess int Lc k,Orn without it,)
the President dcsists from the further exercise of
his Erccutirc functions; and his share in consum-
mating compact, is seen only III his Eg,aa-
| Tire junction, of participating in the making
of lars by advising with Congress concerning
them through message, or in maniiesing his ap-
provai of them BY his signature and attcsla-
4 lion If | lie not tight in the determinations
make and Of The power Of Congress over ann
pacfS what is 10 he said in excuse tor most oil the
| distinguished Wing leaders, who have been urging
/ upon the country for years, the enactment ol
I a comprehensive " INTERNATIONAL CoPY-RiGHT
4 L,w?" 1t is a Law they are asked for, and not a
/ 1re0tR And what's The object of the Lar? Why
| Ia secure 10 our own authors in foreign countries
/ for a certain lime, The exclusive right in their
own works But that must depend upon the Laws
| OF those foreign countries. So ii does: but we
! NAV induce them 10 pass such Lar, by passing
! LGr ourselves 10 protect their authors here III
| like manner. Exactly: then the protection 10 be
! afforded is 10 be rcclPocdl, Eh! And the iact
that il is 10 be rccproca is TO BE UNDERSTOOD AID
AGREED upoS-belore either cnacls such Ldr?
Precisely: then such bargain amounts 10 an
agreement. does il noll Yes and when that agree
/ ment has been con>ummaied by each nation en-
acting such 4 lar, that consummalion makes il a
compoct and binds both--and is not only inviola-
bic while il lasts, but repeal OF them BY either
I party cannot take away the rights vested under
! their leave and authority. Well, supposing such
lar passed, and such a compact made thereby, il
is Congress, and not the President and Senate
that has made it, Though he policy Of such
measure has been donhted-nay. has been sue
I cesslullv resisted, who has ever doubted The pow
i eT VI t"HSftM " Pass .liS "r, ~ o.noi "oi'0, ~
make The compaof? None.-Ccrtainy, mol the
| Wigs.
Yes, yes: but are mol all Lars rcpealable!-
/ No indeed, sirs, moi all Laws, within tie scope
of The Constitution, which uca rights and lars
which have passed into srscniion, NAV no: be
repealed to the prejudice Of either the rights rest-
II IL, i.,virs,, tunSecraled under Tue rem al
! juIicaiom Neither can Lars which constitute
compacts between Sovereigntie>, be repealed with
! on, the COMMENCEMENT olboh parties thereto: al
! least. they are Just as invioldbc as Ircaties are
which, nothing short of common consent, or The
breaking ont of war, can rightinlly put an end
TO- Care indeed, must be taken in framing
such Law, 10 insert prorisos-stipulating that il
shall not lake effect, except between the United
/ States and such nations as shall by lar, accept
| lis proposals. enact similar provisions, and pake
the same irrcvocable hv either party, without Inc
consent Of the olher during the stipulated duration
Of the compact Any aaii-ana.1utiOa gentleman,
who will do his country the Kindness and him
sefLe credit, 10 look into The Statute Book, and
examine for himself, before he denounccs all
measures oil Lcgiaatirc annexation, will cncOun-
tor no dearih of N0tion0l Conpacis there 10 mo-
del any others upon, which his own ingenuity
may devise for the public good. make special
reference now. 10 the terms upon which the
whole retnue Of Anew States" in which we're 81
ua,ed the uDappropriated public lands, found
that they have all come in under tOmp0rti with
The u. States-compacs which are still in force,
executed in part, and partly executory.
| Take, for example, the lar OF Congress, ent-
titled IAN act 10 enable the people OF the Alaba-
ma Territory 10 form Constitution and Stale
| Government, and for The admission of such State
| into the Union upon an equal footing with the
original Sla,es'-Passed the second Of March,
1912 The sixth section thereof provides:
"Tha The following propositions be, and The
same are hereby, oDercd 10 the Convention Of the
said Territory of AlaG..ma when formed, Tor their
free acceptance o. rejection, which, n accepted by
the Convention, SHALL De OBLIGATORY on TmE u.
STATES"
These propositions consist OF certain grants, 10
wit lst OF each 10th section Of land Tor the
use of schools, &c. end. OF all salt springs, &c.
3d Five per cent of The nett proceeds Of The sales
OF the public lands for roads, canals, &c. And
lth, Thry-six sections of land for University,
&c But these grants were made upon certain
important conditions, as will appear from the fol-
lowing proyisO:
"Pforidcd alram That the said Convention
shall provide by az ORDINANCE IRREvocAEIE
WITHOUT TIE CONSENT OF THE UNITED STATES,
that the people inhahlting the said territory do
agree and declare, that they forever disclaim all
lille 10 the waste or unappropriated lands lying
within the said territory; and that the same shall
be- and remain, at the sole and entire disposal OF
The United Stales and, moreover that each and
every tract of land sold by the United States,
aficr The Isl of September, 1919, shall be and re-
main exempt from any tax laid by the order or
under the authority of The Stale, &c, for the term
Of FIVE years, &c.-and that lands belonging to
citizens oi tie United States, residing without
the said Stale, shall never lie taxed higher than
the lands belonging 10 persons residing therein
and that no TAX shall be imposed on lands The pro-
perry Of The UniIed States; and that all ,,aviga-
BILE waters within the said State shall forever re-
main public highways free 10 The citizens OF
said State and The United States. without any
tax, duty, imposls or loll therefor imposed by
the said State"
Well the propositions were accepted; The re-
quired ordinance ,eas passed. the lands granted Ito
the State were received The five per cent. OF The
proceeds of the land sales, on the lands sold, we're
paid over 10 The State Treasury; Alabama be-