The New York herald., 1845-12-06

war; since 1873, and less than reexported IN any
Of any three years Sl73 si3 and the lowest sg
gregate Sal being in the years 1884 1888 and
1895 Before 1920 the free goods not distinguished
10 this particular from dutabls goods but since that
date the returns show the result During the
three years since the tariff OF lsla the value of du
able imports re-exported Sl2 500, ,8lbeing less
than any one OF seven years preceding since 1920 the
lowest aggregate of three since that date be-
ing $l49s4ti and the highest S677l7 293. Even be-
fore the cash duties for five years preceding the high
tariff of is2s value Of duabe goods ported was
ass 7s4 loss of O20 4s Of QUE trade
in forsgn exports after the tariff of 1923 The great
dimiuuon of this most valuable branch OF commerce
has been the combined result of cash duties and Of the
high tariff Of 1912 II the an duties retained as ii
!. bell we'd they should be s oe sure %s,nGo o, re-
tenn By which the foreign imports may be Kept In store
hy tho government until they are requr Tor re,expor-
taton abroad, consumption at home-in which latter
coating and at the time whom for that purpose they
ara ssSe of thase for consumption the duties
s5s Of storsse Under the system the
m'roh introduces foreign imports Of the value o
He must now besides .ns snv 'oa casss
Of so 30 for ths duties. Under such system ou.
smsi amount of goods will imported for drawbacks;
ant higher the duty the larger must be the advance
an tis smaller the imports for transportation
Tns Imports before payment Of duties under the same
naaa. may be taken from warehouse to ware
housefrom the East to the lakesss and to Pittsburg
Natchsn. Ss' vicksburg, Memphis, and st. Louis-and
waeoused in these and other interior ports the duties
remaining unpaid until the goods are taken out Of the
warehouse and out of the original package at such
ports for consumption thus carrying our foreign CON-
into the interior with all the advantage oil aug
mented business and cheaper supplies throughout the
country. II will introduce into large ports on or
seaboad assorted cargoes Of goods to De re-
world II will cheaper prices to consumer by de-
Quoting the interest and proht tnat are now charsea
the advance rate of duty, building up the mars OF
commerce, and giving profitable employment
commercial marine II will greatly increase
revenue by augmenting our imports, together with
exports and is respectfully recommended 70 Con-
gress as an important part Of the whole system now
proposed for their consideration
The act of the Sd of March last, allowing drawback
on foreign imports exported from certain ports to Cana
da and also to Santa Fe and chihuahua in Mexico has
gone to some extent into effect under regulations pre-
the most happy results-especially in an augmented
trade in the supply of foreign exports to Canada from
the whole of this valuable trade during the long period
when the ST. Lawrence is closed by ce and large pro-
portion Of it at all The result would be still
more beneficial it. Canada allowed to carry all her
exports to foreign nations in ranstu through our own
railroads rivers and canals to be shipped from own
valuable trade would greatly enlarge the business on our
rivers, lakes railroads and canals as well as augment
Canada, not only OF foreign exports but also IN
many cases of our domestic products and taorcs to
complete assortment In this manner, our CONNER
cal relations with Canada would become more intimate
and and of her trade every year, would be
secured to people.
Connected with this department and the finances, is
the question Of the sales Of the public lands The pro-
constitute portion Of the revenue, diminishing to that
extent the amount required to be raised by the tariff
net proceeds of these sales paid into the treasury
during the last fiscal year. ST. OFT 022 30 and from
the first sales in 1877 up to the 3Oh OF December ast
SllseO7, ,ass 81. The average annual sales have
been much less than two millions OF acres yet the az
gregate proceeds of the sales in 1884 1885, 1885 and
1887, $5 26s,67 81 Those large sales were almost
exclusively for speculation and this can only be OBJ
Waited all times by conhning the sales to settlers and
cutivators in limited quantities, sufficient for farms or
plantations The price at which the public lands should
ha colA iuDO nj
but especially to the people OF the now States living
mostly remote from the seaboard and who have scarcely
felt the presence of the Government ia local expendi-
lures chiefly the exhaustion of their means for
purchases of public lands and for customs The public
unvaIyng price, which is far above the value of
large portion Of these lands The Quantity now subject
1873 acres and ios siS in addition to which
the Indian title has been extinguished-beng an aggre
gate Of acres and requiring century and
gressed Neutrality-suspicious. including any OF the unsold
lands of Texas Oregon Of the vast region besides
clear then that there is vast and annually increasing
surplus of public lands, very little OF which will be
sold within any reasonable period at the present price
and in regard to which the public interest would be
promoted, and the revenue augmented, by reducing
the price The redu ,tion of the price OF the public
lands in favor Of settlers and cultivaors, would
hance the wages Of labor. 1t Is an argument urged
in favor Of the tariff that We ought to protect our la
bor against what is called the pauper labor OF Europe
But whilst the tariff does enhance the wages OF labor
sales of the public lands at low prc and in limited
this object those who live by the wages OF labor.
could purchase $40 OF land Tor SS0 loo TOR S40
S20 lots for sl0 the power OF this manu-
featuring capitalist in reducing the wages labor would
be greatly dimnished becauss when these lands were
reduced in price those VINO live by the wages OF la
Dor could farms these low rates. and cultivate
the soil tor themselves and families instead OF working
for twslve hours aday in the manufactures Re
duce the price which tha aborer must for the public
domain oring thus the purchase within his pow
or prsven, speculation and monopoly in the public
ai co the sales to settlers and cultivaors linn
A a
ages come, homes for the poor aud op.
r~s.sd, reduce the taxes, by reducing the tar aud
orux,nx down the prices which the poor thus com
psisd Jay for all the necessaries and comforts Oh NE
viii be done tor the benefit OF American Ia
por millions added to the prohts of manuiac'
iug capital by the enactment OF protective tarih
IA. secretary OF the Treasury, comm into office,
iou iuo deposited with banks. The law esa-
Dnns the Independent treasury was rePosled ana he
had power establish that system Con-
had adopted the present system OF deposite banks and
prohibited changing any OF those tor another bank,
except Tor specified reasons No alternative was
left but to continue the existing system until Congress
should think proper to change il. That change, 1t is
hoped, will be made by return to the treasury OF
the constitution One OF the great evils OF banks is the
expansion and contraction Of the currency and
this evil is augmented by the depose OF the revenue
with banks whether state or national Tho only proper
government is to keep its own money Sc
parate from all banks and bankers IN It's own treasury
whether in the mint branch mnts other government
to only gold and silver com In oil re
ceips and The business Of the country
VIII be safe when adequate supply OF specie Is
kept within our limits ana It's circulation encouraged
ali the within the power OF this government II
this government and the states, and the people, unite
suppressng the Of specie adequate supply for
want OF demand, cannot be kept within our limits and
the condition OF the business and currency of the
try wall be perilous and tain Ii will be complete.
iy within the power of the banks whose paper Will con-
stitute exclusive circulation of the whole oommuni
ty Nor will be useful TO establish constitutional
reasury If is receive disburse the paper e banks
Separation from the banks that would only be
nominal and addition would be made to the crcula.
ton Of gold and silver.
Various forms Of paper credit have been suggested, as
connected with the of the constitutional trea
sury but they are ali considered mpairng OF the
great objects OF such treasury an augmented
Circulation OF specie If paper in whatever form,
IRON Whatever source may issue should be inroduc
ed as q circulation by the constitutional treasury,
would precisely to tnat extent diminish It's use as
means OF circulating gold and silver.
The constitutional treasury could be rendered most
auxiliary Of mint augmentng the specie
circulation The amount Of public money which can be
placed in the mint Is now limited by law to one
million Of dollars and to that extent II as