The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1845-06-02

ing This is the Just brought here from the coast
of Africa The captain has been Indicted and the
are to be used Witnesses r.. Rantoul jr will
duct the for the government, and Col Rogers and
7. Chandler, will appear for the defence From what
tain Of the offence charged, which will subject him to
fine and imprisonment; The capital offence is not
IN the approaching trial as tho gentlemen engaged are
lawyers Of acknowledged ability and the subject is
that.warmly interests our citizens The vessel owned
benefit of Uncle Sam and the captors.
GUY FAUX.
observations the Cotton Trade,
Nth viev to the intended application to Parlia-
nent for repeal Of the duties on the importation Of
Glasgow, through the :. Glasgow Sentinel" Con-
| densed from, a york By Robert Queen, Esq, of
Ne,0 Lanark, January nth, 1916.
To every individual this subject is one of deep in
terest and also one of great national Importance.
Little more than halt century had elapsed since
the cotton trade commenced it is now the most
considerable in the kingdom This progress has
taken place not only without the aid of government
but In spite OF national oppression, in the form of
duty.
During this period the linen trade, though aided by
bountes, has gradually diminished, and the woollen
trade remained stationary, although free Of duties
Cotton is cheaper, more easily manufactured. and
of more universal application than any other mate
rial, and hence is destined to become the common
clothing of mankind.
The country in which it shall finally prevail will
De most powerful. ct IN the midst OF pOutlCal
conflict, England has had no competitors hitherto
but with the advent OF peace rivalry will spring
up; the example of the wealth and power it has Gre
ated in this country is duly appreciated by other
tons, and efforts will be made to appropriate share
of the benefit
Already the trade has made progress in France,
Switzerland, and Germany, and the tendency OF the
duty on importation is to increase their advantages
Is it wise in our Legislators
On the average Of the last ten years we have I'M
ported about seventy-three millions of pounds of
cotton annually for which we have paid about five
millions annually In Its manufacture has been in
creased In value SIX or seven times and given rise to
an expenditure in wages of from sixty to seventy
millions sterling.
Seventy millions is adequate to the support of
three millions OF people, as they at present live; and
believe this number, or more, obtain subsistence,
either directly or indirectly from this trade. 1t
gives activity to the lead tin and copper mines to
the Baltic and Canada trade in timber, tallow, &C.,
to the manufactures of glass cards. leather and vege
table oil, the whale fisheries and many others-be-
sides the direct consumption of food.
Can we retain this valuable branch of commerce
We have certain local advantages, such as the pre-
sent establishment of the manufactures people
trained to the business capital superior to all and,
above all, constitution which gives more liberty
and security to the subject than any other
On the continent OF Europe we have obstacles to
encounter, in light taxation, low wages and protec-
tive duties.
These we may overcome but what are we to say
formidable rivals the other side of the
Atlantic-men speaking our own language, who can
mix with US in all our proceedings, commercial as
well as political; who can obtain accurate drawings
OF every machine we use who can procure the aid
of our instructed workmen whe have the raw ma
teria at their DOORS and who have scarcely any tax
alton, and constitution free as our own!
Notwithstanding the plauslbility of the prevailing
sentiment that have too much cotton trade in this
country, and however true it may be that the labor
ing classes were more happy at agricultural pursuits,
regretto say we cannot retrace our steps, Our
n Is al
tnuance ofths trade; without it, our increased popu-
ation cannot be supported-the interest OF the ma
onal debt paid nor the expenses OF fleets or armies
paid.
Such is the present situation of the country 1t
possesses manufacture which gives bread to more
than three millions Of its inhabtants and supplies the
government with large proportion OF Its necessary
expenses but essentially Injuries the health, morals
and happiness of those engaged in it. Yet, in conse
quence of the peculiar qualities OF the raw material
Of this manufacture substitute is likely to be found
to supersede 1t.
To relieve us from the dangerous and critical stu
alton in which we are now placed. we must devise
efIectual measures to ameorate the condition oil the
millions employed in the manufacture.
1t is only since the introduction OF the cotton trade
that children, before they have acquired strength OF
body or mental instruction, have been forced into
cotton mills, where they linger out few years OF
miserable existence, acquiring bad habits, which
they disseminate through society. II Is only since
the introduction of this trade that children, and even
grown people, were required to labor more than IL
hours day-that the sole recreation OF the laborer
is to be found in the pot house gin shop-hat pow
erty, crime, and misery have made rapid and powe-
ful strides throughout the country.
The manner which appears TO me alone calculated
to remove the evils stated, is to procure an act of
Parliament.
First.--To prevent children from being employed
in cotton or other mills, until they are twelve years
old.
Secondly. the hours Of work in mills Of ma
chinery, including one hour and halffor meals and
recreation, shall not exceed twelve hours per day.
Lastly.-That, after certain period, no child shall
be received in mill Of machinery, until he shall
have been taught TO read, to write legible hand,
and to understand the four first rules Of arithmetic
and girls also taught to sew their common garments
of clothing.
The instruction to be given by the country which
give them birth.
may be told all this is lmpracticable but against
this will bring both argument and experience.
do not wish to take the meeting by surprise; and
to give time for considering what have advanced,
proposed an adjournment; and if that be acceded
to, pledge myself to prove that the measures which
have now proposed, will be advantageous to all en-
gagged in the cotton trade, to the best interests Of our
country, and to the cause ofhumanity.
STARCH MAyuFAcToRY.-While at Bremen, we
visited theStarchFactory of Mr. i. Sculenburg which
has been in operation about three years The first year
he manufactured about 900 lbs the second about
double that quantity and last year no manufactured
900 900 lbs thus far Increasing annually the quantity
manufactured in geometrical progression Up to this
time he has not been able supply the demand Indeed
Far from this he could sell at this moment manifold
Of New York alone, to which place, and Boston,
he ships considerable quantities The article
produced Is OF the best quality. may be inferred
meets with the composition of the local manufacturers
thsrs.-St. Louss Reporter, Nov 10.