Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1845-12-12

mine, without any foreign lnterposltieD. We can
never consent that European Powers shall inter-
ferc TO prevent such uniorf because it might dis
turb the " balance of power which they may de-
sire to maintain upon this continent. Near quar-
ter of century ago, the principle was distinctly
announced to the world in the annual message Of
one Of my predecessors, that 1.-THE American conti-
nents, by the free and Independent condition which
they have assumed and maintain. are hEnceforth !
not to be considered subjects for future coloni-
cation BY any European Power" This princiPlel
will apply with greatly increased force, should any
European power attempt to establish any new co
lony in North America. In the existing cirsun-
stances of the world; the present 10 deemed pro-
per occasion % reitterate and reafhrm the princi-
pie avowed by Mr.. Monroe, and to state my cor.
dial concurrence in its wisdom and sound policy.
The reassertion of this principle, especially in re-
ference to North America. is at this day but the
PRONUNCIATION of policy which no European row.
er should cherish the disposition to resist. Exs.
ting rights of every European nation should be
respected; but it is due alike to our safety and our
interests that the efficient protection of our laws
should be extended over our whole territorial linn,
its, and that It should be distinctly announced to
the world our settled policy. that no future Eu.
ropean colony or dominion shall with our consent
be planted or established on any part Of the North
Amrican continent.
A question has recently arisen under the tenth
article ofthe subsstink treaty between the United
States and Prussia. By this article, the consuls
Of the two countries have the right to sit judges
and arbitTators lin such differences ~ may arise
between the captains and crews Of the vessels be-
longing to the nation whose interests are commit
ted to their charge, without the interference OF the
local authorities, unless the conduct Of the crews
or Of tine captain should disturb the order or
tranquility Of the country; or the said consus
should require their assistance to cause their de.
cisions to be carried into effect or supported"
The Prussian consul At New Bedford. in juno.
1914, applied to Mr. Justice Story carry into ef
feet decision made BY him between the captain
and crew of the Prussian ship BOrussia; but the
request was refused on the ground that without
previous legislation by Congress- the judiciary did
not possess the power to give effect to this article
of the treaty.-The Prussian government, through
their minister here have complained Of this viola.
ton Of the treaty. and have asked the government,
of the United States to adopt the necessary mea.
sures to prevent similar violations hereafter. Good
faith to Prussia, as well as to other nations with
whom We have similar treaty stipulations requires
that these should he faithfully observed. have
deemed it proper therefore to lay the subject before
Congress, and to recommend such legislation al
may I've necessary to give effect to these treaty OBJ
legations.
BV virtue Of an arrangement made between the
Spanish government and that of the United States
in December, 1881, American vessels. since the
twcnty-ninth Of April, 1882, have been admit
ted to entry in the ports of Spain. including those
of the Balearic and Canary island on payment o
the same tonnage duty of five cents per ton, a.
though they had been Spanish vessels; and Thu
whether our vessels arrive in Spain directly from
the United States, or indirectly from any othe
county. When Congress, by act ofthe thirteenth
of July 1882, gave effect 10 this arrangement be
: tween the two governments, they confined the re
!, duction of tonnage duty merely to Spanish vessel
, coming from port in Spain, leaving the forme
discriminating duty to remain against such vessel
: coming from port In any other country. 1t il
mauifestly unjust that whilst American vessels
arriving in the ports Of Spain from other countries
=: pay no more duty than Spanish vessels, Spanist
vessels arriving In the ports of the United State
from other countries should be subec ell 10 heavy
, discriminating tonnage duties. This is neithe
equality reciprocity, and is in violation Of tn
arrangement concluded in December, 1881, be
e tween The two countries. The Spanish govern
: nent have made repeated & earnest remonstrance
against this inequality, and the favorable attention
Of Congress has been several times invoked to tn
. subject by my predecessors. recommend. as a
act Of justice to Spain, that this inequality be re
r moved by Congress. and that the discriminaiin
duties which have been levied under the act of th
thirteenth of July, 1882, on the Spanish vessel
coming to the United States from any other fol
I eign country. be refunded.-This recommendatio
does not embrace Spanish vessels arriving in III
1 United States from Cuba and Porto Rico, whic
will still remain subject to the provisions Of the az
r of June thirtieth, 1894, concerning tonnage dut
on such vessels.
+. BY the act of the fourteenth of July, 1882, col
fee was exempted from duty altogether. This ex
). cmpton was universal, without reference to tn
r country where it was produced, or the nationa
i character of the vessel in which it was imported
BY the tariff acr Of the thireth of August. lS41
# this exemption from duty was restricted to cone
imported in American vessels from tho place of it
q production; whilst coffee imported under all othe
;, circumstances; was subjected to duty of twent
h per cent. Gd uaLoren. Under this act, and GU
/. existing treaty with the King Of the Netherand,
/ Java coffee imported from the European ports @
?, that kingdom into the United States, whether il
J. Dutch or American vessels, now pays this rate @
r duty. The government Of tn Netherlands com
plains that such discriminating duty should hav
;, been imposed on coffre. the production of one
h its colonies, and which is chiefly brought from ia
va to tho ports Of that kingdom, and exported fror
thence to foreign countries. Our trade with tn
II Netherlands is highly hcnefcialto both countries
IF and our relations with them have ever been of th
# most friendly character Under all the circun
!. stances of the case. recommend that this di.
J., criminstion should be abolished, and that the CO
d fee of lava imported from the Netherlands, b
is placed upon the same footing with that importe
j, directly from Brazil and other countries where
IS is produced.
n (coneiuded on fourth page.)
e Famine In Ireiand.-A leuer fros
:, Dublin to the N. Y. Tribune says:
ERE this letter shall have reached go,
o the famine will actually have commenced
r and whatever may be done in the inter-,
y here to avert it's evils. immense sufferin
). must ensue. Gould I detail to you tn
- many cases Of wretchedness art ,v a Mt Il