The Evansville journal. (Evansville, Ind.) 1834-184?, 1845-12-13

service OF tn 9. United Stetes, acung nuefsthe
orders of our Government, and the forcible entry
into the custom house at Brayery's landing on
Red river, BY certain citizens OF the U. s., and
tax ing away therefrom the goods seized by the
collector of the customs as forfeited under tbs
laws of Texas. This was a hquldated debt,
ascertained to be due to Texas when an inde.4
pendent State. Her acceptance OF the terms OF
annexation proposed by the United Statesdoes
not discharge or invaidate the claim. recon-
mended that provisionibe made Tor its payment.
The commissioner appointed to China during
the special session ofthe Senate in Marchslast.
shortly afterwards set out on his mission 10 the
IT, s. ship Columbus. On arriving at Rio de
Janeiro on his passage, the state OF his health
had become so critical, that, by the advice OF
his medical attendants, he returned to the U. s.
early in the month of Oct. last.
Commodore Bidde, commanding the Ea st
India squadron, proce eded on his voyage in the
Columbus and was charged by the commission
er with the duty Of exchanging with the prop
er authorities the ratifcations of the treaty
lately concluded with the Emperor of China.
Since the return of the commissioner to the U.
S. his health has been much improved. and he
enterta ms the confident belief that,h he will soon
be able to proceed on his mission.
Unfortunately differences continue to exist
among some of the nations of South America,
which, following our example, have establish
ed their independence, ;whileiin others internal
discussions prevail. 1t is natural tibet our SYM
pathies should be warmlyienlisted for their well
| fare that we should deeire that all controver-
sizes between them should be amicably adjusted
and their Governments administed in manner
to protect the rights and promote the prosperity
of their people. 1t is contrary, however, to our
settled policy, to interfere in their ontroverses
neither external or internal.
have thus adverted to all the subjects con-
nected with our foreign relations to which l
| deem it necessary to call your attention.. Our
policy not only peace with all, but good will
! towards all the powers of the earth. While we
are juSt to all, we require that all should be
just ~ US. Excepting the differences with
| Mexico and Great Britain, our relations with all
civilized nations are of the most satisfactory
character. 1t is hoped that in this enlightened
| age, these differences may be amcably adjust
ed.
| The Secretary of the Treasury in his annual
report to Congress, will communicate a full
statement of the condition of the finances. The
imProts for the fiscal year ending the Both Of
June last, were of the value of one hundred and
seventeen millions two hundred and ffty-four
| thusand five hundred and sixty four dollarsi Of
which the amount exported was IS, 346 800 dol
lars-leaying a balance 1o1 ,970,734 dollars for
domestic consumption.
The exports for the same year were of the
value of ll4,646, 606 dollars; of which, the a.
mount of domestic articles was SO $685. 76 dol
lars. The receipts into the Treasury during the
same year were S29,769, SO Sc; of which there
were derived from Ecustoms S27, 528, ll2 TO-;
from sales of public lands S2,077,022 80; and
! from incidental and miscellaneous sources
! Sl63,998 So. The expenditures for the same
deriod we're S25,06S,206 SO; of which $685.
l57 GO were applied to the payment of the pub
lie debt. The balance in the Treasury the
first of July last, 81 1906 %.
| The amount of the public debt remaining IN.
paid on the first of October last seventeen
millions seyenty-five thousand four hundred and
/ f1rA. l.Ti- i e..
payments of the public debt would have been
made, in anti cipation of athe period of its re-
endorsement under the authority conferred up
on the Secretary of the Treasury by the acts of
July 3lst, 184I, and of April 18th, 942. and of
| March Sd, 1843. had not the unsettled state OF
our relations with Mexico menaced hostile col
tffgt II INV Wds u Ply u suc
the treasury all amount unusually large for or
binary purposes.
! few years ago, our whole national debI
growing out of the Revolution and warsof 1912
with Great Britain was extnguished, and we
presented to the world the rare and noble spec
tacle OF a great and growing people, who had
| fully discharged every obligation. Since that
time, the existing-debt has been contracted, and
small as ii is in comparison with the similar bur-
dens ofother nations II should be extingushed
at the earliest practicable period.
Should the state OF the country permit and es.
peeially our foreign relations interpose no OBJ
stacle, it is contemplated to apply all the mon
eys in the treasury, as they accrue beyond wha t
is required for the appropriations by Congress,
to its liquidation. | cherish the hope OF soon
being able TO congratulate the country on its
recovering once more the lofty position whic it
SO recently occupied. Our country, which ex-
hibits to the world the benefits of self govern
ment, in developing all the sources of national
prosperity, owes to mankind the permanent ex-
ample of a nation free from the blightiug influ.
snce Of public debt.
The attention of Congress is invited to the i'm
portance of making suitable notifications and
reductions of the rates OF duty imposed BY our
present tariff laws. The object OF imposing du-
ties on imports shouldsibe to raise revenue to
pay the necessary expenses of Government-
Congress may, undoubtedly, in the exercise of
sound disc reton, discriminate in arranging
the rates of duty on different articles; but the
Determinations should be within the revinue
standard and be made with a view to raise
money for the support of Government.
/ 1t becomes important to understand distinct
lily what is meant by revenue standard. the
maximum Of which should not be exceeded in
the rates of duty imposed. 1t is conceded and
experience proves, that duties may be laid so
high as TO diminish or prohibit altogeth the i'm
portation of any given article, and thereby les.
ser, or destroy in some degree the revenue which
at low rates, would by derived from its importa-
ton Such duties exceed the revenue rates. g.
are not imposed toralse money for the support
OF Government. If Cong levy duty for
revenue of one per cent. on a given article, il
VIII produce given amount of money to the
Treasury, and will incidentlly and neces-
sarlly afford protection or advantage to the a.
mount OF one per cent. to the home manuIactu-
rer OF similar or like article over the importer
II the duty be raised to ten per cent it will pro
duee greater amount of money, and affo I'd
greater protection. 1t it be still raised to 90 %
or 80 per cent, and if as 1t is raised, the rev.
enue derived from it is found to be increased.
the protection or advantage will also be increas-
ed; but il it be raised to 81 per cent and il is
found that the revenue produced at that rate is
less than at 80 per cent it ceases to be a reven
nn hn tn he rn;.,a l.. L