New-York daily tribune., 1845-02-28
THE TRIBUNE.

rae aDSSLSe ol dAy lioHS ~ SA1 --ii>'A' va w.
Goveramcn, or National Bureau of statistics, The
country i; much indebted 70 the Annual RePor; OF
The Commissioner CT Patents for Synopsis OF the
more important improvements made from lime TO
time IN he useful Arts and in The applications OF
Scence 20 Husbandry. Elr. Ellswoy;h's Report
fo- the current ye,r is not vet fu,iy before u.s."
believe has not as printed, been laid on the is-
bes of the Members OF CongreSs-but we rave
obtained some Of the frs: sheets IRON which we
copy so much of the Report itself as relates TO SCI
entlic and Agricultural advances during the past
wear. These are but indicated IN the extracts
which follow, full accounts of them being given III
the several papers which form the bulky Appendix
10 the Report, which are not nov before Us. Mr..
Ellsworth says:
Among the most brilliant discoveries of the
ayr the Electro Magnetic Telegraph deserves
CONSPICUOUS place. Destined as il IS to change as
well es hasten transmission OF intelligence, and so
essentially 10 affect the welfare OF society, all that
concerns its further developments will be hailed
with Joy:
accomplished by the electric fluid, when confined
and tanned, as il were, to the purposes vi life.
Distance is arnhated-lhought has found COM
petitor. Nor is 1t less gratifying that this Invention
Is American. To 4 natlre citizen belongs the
merit oil the discovery anu IL 10 uol1cu that
country Of his birth will reward him accordingly.
The public at first could scarcely believe 1t possible
that intelligence can be sent at the tate OF lSS000
miles in second nor that the earth would suffice
for hall o the current OF communication; nor
thai currents of electricity from opposite poles
would traverse the same wire al the same, turning
out "a 1t were in passing each other. Such are
proved to be facts. One discovery presses upon
the heels of another The desideratum of fur
uishng electricity by mechanical means IS at
length found. This discovery, the handmaId OF
telegraph, b, ongsto another Of the sons OF New
England The practcablty of this last invention
has been fully tested for forty miles, leaving no
doubt that it will succeed wherever the battery
would answer
"Obs,acles seem fast overcome. Rivers no longer
remain distractions; they are passed without any
supersrcture or any conductor through the water y!
1.-THE science of agriculture has now become
a study, and much greater Improvement may be
expected Worn-out lands that have been, as II
were, abandoned, are now being reclaimed, under
scientific treatment Gucss-werk and hereditary
notions arc yielding TO analysts and the applica:
tion of chemical principles. The writings OF
learned agricuturists in Europe are Translated into
the English laaguage-thus pouring bedy OF new
light upon the path of the husbandman. Some eX-
tracts from the celebrated Won Ihaer's Principles
of Agriculture will be found In one OF the appen-
dixes to the agricultural report They evince the
deep research and patient investigation OF Illai
distinguished phauthroplst Little ls accomplished
in any science without perseverance HOW many
bright anticpations have been blasted Dy single
unpropltious EXPERIMENT. Without making allow
ance for ordinary casualties or unforeseen occur
rences how many efforts TO improve husoandry by
selection of seeds has failed! All has been abar-
doned. because the first experiment. has not been
crowned with success-forgettlng that seeds, like
animals, must be acclimated, and require certain
food not found in every soil. The truth OF this
general remark may be illustrated by recent at
tempt to solve the difficulty IN granulatlng the
syrup of corn stllks. Scientific gentlemen at flrst
pronounced the sugar from corn stalk TO be grape
sugar only, and hence cryStallzatlon could hardly
be expected. Much disappointed III the result,
transmitted 10 Boston some OF the sugar made by
Mr. Webb, of Delaware, and requested another
analysis The second analysis WIS entirely sue
eessful, proving the sugar from corn stalk to be
1 equal 10 the best Muscovado sugar.
"In reviewing this subject, it appears that the
luce OF thrn stalk cut too carly will not granulatc;
and this was the cause of the first failure.
There Is every reason TO believe, that all diff
4 culti.s IN making good sugar frem this vegetable
| will be removed, while the reports of this year
4 show ihe quantity o saccharlnc matter sufficient
\ 10 class the crop among the best for profit.
Il To Dr.. Jackson we arc also indebted for an
aualyss of several grains. The superiority of one
il kind of Indian corn ovsr another is surprisingly
manifest Oae is filed with oil, the other has no
trace Of I; hence the superiority OF the former
for faueniny animals Some gralus contain large
II quantity OF phosphate, (such as beans, &c y and
hence their consumption tends greatly TO increase
the bones of animals. Dyspep,ics will learn from
this why some meal Chat which contains oily is so
u difficult of digestion. For fm ther remarks on this
subject, with Illustrations, see appendix No. + 10
the agricultural report.
III "A description OF new mode CT tenclng, ano
also plan of erecting houses OF unburnt oTlck,
mas occasIoned more lnouirleS than could posi-
. | bly, answer improvements have been made, both
on the ditcher and II, the construction OF lese
buildings; aud | have thought 1t expcdlent TO ~
sert in this rcport q sketch of building made OF
this ,maieral as well as lmproveners made N
machinery Tor excavation and forming llvinc posts
oath embankment, US the mos; satisfactory mode
Of meeting the wishes Of correspondents.
(" Having received from |. w. z. Lewis, Esq, a
I sketch OF improved rciroad, constructed en-
trey OF wood, 10. wheels of the same material 4
4 Is added IN the suboined paper, marked NJ. and
Will, trust, be worthy of trial where timber is
plenty, and where funds csuao, b. obtained iol a
II mo,e expensive track.
III Among the first inquiries of the political econ
omist is the question, how can the prod 1ctveness
II Of the earth be increased, Modern practice an
swers j, easily. Manure and tsge are the insIr,,.
d mcnts employed; either, alone, is comparatively
useless. Grapes will not grow thorns nor figs
on thisIles :; nor will sour aud yield sweet food
The nature OF the soil must be changed. and this
Is effected by draining.
s Intimately connected with draining land, is
that of subsoiing indeed, the last has lately been
& MoSiiIGed for the former with good success. The
eheepaess Of subsoi ploushs brings them within the
leach Of every farmer.
ga " The letter FROM Mr. Veldine Ellsworth shows
what can be done by deep ploughing. by superior
culture hls land yielded this year, over l2l bush.
els OF SheHed corn per acre. His timothy meadows
Yielded 81 tons per acre. This statement is full Of
r. ara r,port.)
Few individuals are aware Of the extension OF
9ors IN puWer!zed soil. Won Thaer mentions
lnclng roots oi sainfon from 10 to l5 feet deem In
Ss ground There ar. now in the National Gal
sIy corn roots taken from one side of hill of
SSein Iaia pare by the treshei, and presented by
81 ION. J. ). Skinner to the National Gallery Thse
sorn was planted on the 2Oh of Nav. and roots
81 saeTcd ,Sa the l4h july lsls In sixty days, some
Covered with lateral branches. have causea ,bs
SOis TO be measured: The aggregate Of the less,b
sthe roots in hill is, by Mr. SINNERS estimate.
Ss s,s egg thousand feet The m specimen alluded to
ssSaed, 10 show the importance OF deep ploushing.
! Ssnaale the plan, 10 find nourishment so mach