The New York herald., 1845-08-23

The GREAT CrTIxs OF THE STATE OF NEw YoRK.-
The Empire State Will in process of time contain
three great and mighty cities-New York, Syracuse
and Buffalo. AT this moment, New York, probably
numbers with its suburbs nearly 600 900 inhabitants
and its population is yearly increasing in geomeicsl
progression. Old ciizens, born and brought up in
this city, walk down to the Battery and up Broad
way, hardly recognizing single face they meet, SO
numerous, and mulhtudinous, and mighty is the
population of New York becoming Albany, Troy,
Utica, all the cities and towns on that route have
reached their ultimaum. Syracuse in the centre Of
the State, surrounded by inexhaustbe saltsprings,
encompassed by beautiful and fertile country and
at an early day destined to be the legislative capital
of the State, must grow and grow until it be the
second or third in magnitude in this State. Nothing
can prevent Syracuse from surprising in wealth and
revenue, and population, and everything, every
town and city between New York and its boun-
daries.
Buffalo will be the great capital OF the Western
region of the State--the New York of the American
Mediterranean. 1t is growing everyEear with the
greatest rapidity. possesses wonderful popula-
ton, sngularly elastic, remarkably speculative,
| liable to sudden expansions and explosions of
all kinds, but in very few years II will attain
stability, and become one of the greatest and
most important cities in the interior of the
United States. In the first place, it must be the
great central port of the lakes. Some phoso-
piers, indeed, talk about changing the destination
OF western wealth and produce and commercial en-
terprise from Buffalo to Toronto and Ogdensburgh.
That is all an idle dream. There are natural ee-
ments which must secure the growth and greatness
OF Buffalo, which many do not imagine, and the i'm
portance OF which few can fully appreciate. The
tremendous water power of the mighty Niagara is
destined day to be tributary to the city of Buff
falo. For distance of nearly one hundred miles,
from Lewiston to the Genesee Fall eastward, at the
base of mountain ridge which runs along in that
direction are sites for manufacturing establishments
equal to the whole of the present steam-power OF
England. And this vast water-powerw will not always
be unemployed. Long since it has attracted the at
tention of intelligent capitalists. The company who
established the factories at Lowell had at first fixed
on this very region in the neighborhood Of Niagara
as the scene of their enterprise. 1t was only the
refusal of the Porter family who own the lands, to
meet the terms of the company that prevented the
establishment Of the Lowell mills there Afterwards
the proprietor was willing to accede to the terms of
the company, but in the meantime they had COM
menced operations for their settlement at Lowell
on the Merrimack river.
But new set of capitalists will, undoubtedly, ere
long, commence the creation of that immense man.
ufacturng city that must, In process of time, exist
in the neighborhood of the Falls And as the Mag
ara River between the Falls and Buffalo, may be
said to constitute one continued harbor, and at the
same time connects the former region with the
Lakes and the city of Buffalo, the natural ent,ypot
on their borders, the two places will grow up into one
of the greatest manufacturing and commercial cities
In the world. Buffalo, let us recollect, is within
reach of the cotton Of the Southwest-the iron
mines of the West-the coal mines of Ohio-al of
which can be transported thither at much cheaper
rates up the Mississippi, than they can be conveyed
to Lowell. Nothing, then, it is easily perceived,
prevent the creation, on the western border of
our great State, of manufacturing city, far greater
and more prosperous than the Manchesters or Glas-
COWS Of the old world
New MOVEMENT OF BISHOP HuGHEs-A rood
deal OF interest has been excited in some quarters,
relative to the movements of Bishop Hughes this
summer. 1t seems his reverence has been making
a regular tour of the fashionable watering places,
and, according to last accounts, was sojournlng
at that "Vani'y Fair" Saratoga. So great was the
haste of the Right Rev. Father in God to get to sthe
Springs" that it is said he passed through Albany
without even calling on any Of his clergy, or the
faithful" spending the whole Of his time, whilst
he staid in that ancient city, with his respectable,
but heretical friend, Thurlow Weed. Some say that
the Bishop is about to become second st. Xavier,
precipltatng himself into the very depths of this
worlds profanity and corruption, in order to call
sinners to repentance. Others avow that some ter
plo II
that we have all the churches under our supervison
and in order to quiet the lears of the wide awake
Protestant believers, as well as to soothe the rising
discomfort of the Catholic faithful" we will aec
tonately take Bishop Hughes into especial care
and keeping, and, if possible, safely conduct him
through all the temptations Of the fashionable wa
terlng places.
FROM CENTRAL AMERIcA.--The splendid brig
Thos. H. Benton Capt. Roberts, arrived yesterday
morning, in thirtyfour days, from San Juan Nicara
qua 1t was reported, short time before Capt r.
left, that Carlo the exiled chief OF Costa Rca, had
| been murdered in San Salvador In the State of
Costa Rica all was quiet. In the State of San Sal
vador there were manifestations Of discomfort, and
| much uneasy movement existed the former chief,
| Malespina was trying to reinstate himself
FROM GUAyAMA, z. R.-Bng Eolus, Capt Lewis,
arrived yesterday bringing accounts to the 5th inst
Capt L. states that the sugar within the neiggh
borhood Of Guayama looks exceedingly. well, and it
is generally believed the crops will far exceed the
preceding year The balance of last years crop had
been all sold for Europe, and the vessels in port
would take all that remained. Freights were very
| dull at Guayama when Capt l.. left.
| IMPORTANT FROM THE ANTI-RENT REGloN--We
refer readers to our special correspondence from
Delhi. The expedition which left Delhi was in
tended TO go to Schoharie, where the insurrecton
was next expected to break out. Halt dozen coun-
| ties are now on the eve OF nsurrection
| BEAUTIFUL FANNY GoRDoN-Thls is the beauti-
full young actress who hasjus made her debut in the