Holly Springs gazette., 1845-03-15

ers: and il is by strict adherence ID the
clearly granted powers, and by abstaining
from the exercise Of doablfal OF
lonapthorized implied powers, that
I'VE have the only sure guaranty against
| recurrence of tnose unfortunate collisions
hetween The federal and State authoTisies.
which have occasionally SO much dlsiar-
bed the harmony of our sy stem, and even
threatened the perpetuity Of our gioflous
/ Union.
ITO the States respectively. or to the
people," have been reserved The powers
not delegated TO the United States by the
| Constitution, nor prohibited -by it to the
| States BY the Constitution, nor prohibited
bv The States" Each State is com
plete sovereignty within the sphere OF ITS
/ reserved powers. The Government OF
he Union, actiag within the sphere of its
! delegated authority, is also complete
sovereignty. While the General Govern
ment should abstain from the exercise
os authority not clearly delegated TO 1t,
the States should be equally careful that
in The mainlens nee of their rights, they do
no, oyenstep the limits OF powers reserved
! to them. One of the most distinguished oil
| nv predecessors attached deserved I'm
portaGce 10 "the support of the State gov
ernmenis In all their rights as the most
competent administration for our domestic
concerns, aud the sufest bulwark against
anti republican tendencies; and 10 the
preservation of the General Government
! in its whole constitutional vigor. as the
sheet anchor Of our peace at home, and
safety abroad
To the Government of the United States
L t1 olr1oI faQrr
| meut of our foreign affairs. Beyond that
it wieldS a few geaeral enumerated pow
ers 1t does not force reform on the States
Ii leaves individuals, over whom 1t casts
It's protective influence, entirely free to I'M
prove their own condition}y the legitimate
exercise of all their meris1 and physical
powers. 1t is COMMON protector Of each
and all the States of every man who lives
upon our soil. whether of nativeor foreign
birth; of every religious sect, IN their
worship of the almighty according TO the
dictates of their own conscience OF every
shade of opinion and the most free inquiry;
of every art, trade and occupation, coasiS-
tent with the laws of the States. And we
rejoice in the general happiness. prosperi-
tY, and advancement OF our country, which
have been the offspring of freedon and not
OF power.
This most admirable and wisest system
Of we'll regulated self government among
men, ever devised by human minds, has
been tested by its successful operation for
more than haf century and, Is preser-
Ved from tho usurI atoms OF the Federal
Government on the one hand, and the ex-
ercise by the States oipswers rot reserved
10 theGi on Ihe other. vii, | ierventy hope
and believe, endure for ages 10 come, aud
dispense TIE blessings oi civil and religious
liberty to distant generations. To effect
objects so dear TO every patriot | shall de-
vote myself with aazions solicitade 1t
will by my desire to guard against that
most fruitful source OF danger to the bar
monious action Of our system, which con.
sisEs in substituting the mere discretion and
caprice Of the executive, or Of majorities
ia the Legislative department Of the Govern.
men'. for powers which have been with
held from the Federal Government by the
Constitution By the theory of our Gov.
eminent, maiorI,ies rule but the right is
not an arbitrary or unlimited one. Ii is q
right to be exercised in subordination to
the Constitution, and in conformity TO tt
Ohe great object Of the Constitution was to
restrain nlajorities from oppre eSsing MINORS
ties, or encroaching upon their just rights |
Minoriies have rlght TO appeal to the
Constitution as shield against such op-
preston.
That the blessings of liberty which our
Constitution secures may be enjoyed alike |
by mInoiities and maioriies the executive
has been wisely invested with a qualified |
veto upon :he ac; S Of the legislature. It is |
negative power and IS conservative in its |
character. 1t arrests for Tina hasty, incon- |
ssdefate, or unconstitutional legislation
invites reconsideration, and transfers ques-
liuns at issue between the Legislative and |
Executive departments to the tribunal of |
the people. Like oil other powers, it is
subject to be abused. When iudiciously |
and properly exercised, the Constitution
itself h,ay be saved from inisaclion, and the
rights OF all preserved and protected.
Ire ineslinable value o. our Federal
uulon is felt and acknowledged by all
by this system OF united and cuntederated
States, oar people are permitted, collective,
ly and individually, to seek their own hap
pInesS ia their owa way; and the consa-
quences have been most auspicious. Since
lhe Unlon was formed the number of the
States has increased from thirteen to twenty
eighs-two OF these have taken their posi-
ion . members Of the eonfederacv within
the last week.-Our population has increa-
sed from three TO twenty millions. New
communities and States are seeking pro-
ecilon under lis esgis, and multiades from
ne Old World are focking to cur shores
% participate in its blessings Beneath It's