Wheeling times and advertiser. [volume] (Wheeling, Va. [W. Va.]) 1839-1849, 1845-12-10

rcducs the taxes by reducing the turiti and
bnngiuS down the prices which the poor arc
1 thus compelled to pay for all the neccessa-
/ res and comforts of lite.-and more will be
done for the benefit of American labor than il
millions were added to the profits o manu-
featuring capital by the enactment of IA pro-
tcctive tariH.
1t is believed that the permanent interest
oil every class oil the people will Be- advanced
! by the establishment OF the constitutional
treasury, and that the manufacturers especial
ly will derive great benefits from its adoption
1t will give stability To all their operations.
and insure them, To great extent, against
those fluctuations. expansions, and contrac-
tons o, the currency so prcludicial TO their in
tercsts. BY fguarding against mutations of
the currency, 1t will have IA tendency to check
periodical excuses OF foreign importations
purchased IN fact upon credit; while loans
from banks. or dangerous engagements of
their business. and excessive issue of their pa
per, will be greatly diminished Whilst
s'uud and stall : curroncylgw rls the manufac-
tircr against excessive importations from a
broad, II protects kim from disasters at home,
and fran those ruinous revulsions in which
so many thousands are reduced To bankruptcy
| The tariif, IL followed as in the absence of adj
equatechecks it certainly soon will be, BY an
Inflated currency, whilst il thus enhances the
| a
i lily and certainly raise prices up to the whole
amount OF the duty, so as to repeal the opera
uon oil that duty liz favor of the manufacturer,
and enable the foreign importer again to
Hood the market at the enhanced prices aris-
lngtrom an inflated currency. But soon the
revulsion comes, and all are overwhelmed i'm
Il common ruin.
The currency is reduced below the wants
OF the country, by sudden and ruinous con-
traction, and the labor and industry of years
are required to repair the mischief. Stabili-
~, both in the tariff and the currency, is what
the manufacturer should most desire. Let
the tariff be permanently adjusted, by return
TO reasonable and moderate revenue duties -
winch, even when imposed truly and i'm good
lalth Tor that purpose, will yield sufficient adj
vantage 10 afford reasonable profits; and let
tins permanent system (and none other can
be permanently be established, and accempan-
led by stable currency-and the manulactu-
rer' In series OF years, will derive the great
est benefits from the system.
The present system cannot be permanent.
IL is 100 unequal and unjust-too exhorbilant
ana oppressive, and too clearly in conflict
with the fundamental principles Of the con
stitution. III the manufacturer thinks that
TINS system can be permanent, Let him look
10 the constant changes which have attended
all attempts to establish and continue pro
tcctive tariff. The first tariff was based i'm
part upon the principle of very moderate pro-
lection TO domestic manufactures; and the re-
suit has been, as appears By the table hereto
annexed, that The tariff has been changed and
modified thirty times since that pcriod-beinc
more than once, on an average, for every Con-
gress since the government was founded; and
one OF these tariffs was in itself a system of
successive annual changes operating through
period oil ten years. OF these changes four
teen have been general and sixteen special
From 1916 onward, these changes have been
most frequent; and 1t Is vain To expect perma-
nency from anything but a revenue tariff
IolaDlilty Is what the manufacturer should de-
tsirc, ant especially that that question sbould
De taken out oil the arena oil politics, by a iust
and permanent settlement. A great number
oil tables. Illustrative of the effects of the tar
III, compiled from official documents, accom-
Pany this report. Some of these tables exhibit
the operation OF each of our tariffs, from the
organization of the government TO the pres
ent period. In order To- enable the Secretary
to comply with the direction of the acts of
Congress, requiring him i'll his annual report
TO suggest ''plans Tor improving or increasing
the revenues" and to give information to
congress III adopting modes of raising" the
revenue, two circulars were issued, published
and generally distributed, propounding various
questions connected with this subject and re-
questing replies Some answers have been
received from friends as well as opponents of
the tariff; but the Secretary regrets that the
manufacturers, with very few exceptions, have
declined answering these questions, or COM
munlcatirg any information as regards their
! profits ana surplus, or in relation TO the wa
ges oil labor. An abstract OF all that is deem
ed useful In these replies, together with a copy
OF both the circulars, is appended TO this re-
| port.
! The coast survey is rapidly progressing
having been extended eastward to the eastern
coast oil Massachusetts, and southwark nearly
to the dividing line of Maryland and Virginia,
on the Chesapeake. The new centres of OPP
Grafton have been opened, under the sanction
oil tins department, in North Carolina, and on
the Gull OF Mexico from which the work NAV
be spread until the parts unite. Important
positions Tor forts, navy-yards, harbors and
I lighthouses present themselves along this in
teresting portion of the coast of Louisiana.
Mississippi, and Alabama, and the islands
guarding the interior channel between Mobile
anu New Orleans. Great economy exists in
the administration OF the fund appropriated
Tor the coast survey, and every effort is made
by the superintendent TO press the work on
ward TO a completion. Three charts result
ing from the survey have been published with
iii the past year, and five more are nearly
ready for publication. This great work IS
most honorable TO the science of our country,
most useful To our navy and commercial ma
nne, and, in connection with our light hou-
ses, must decrease the cost of freight and in
surance, as well as the risk of lite and proper
ty. Great attention has been given by this
!. department to the very important subject OF
our lighthouse system. The various improve
mcnts suggested by experience at home or a.
broad-the relative advantages of gas and oil.
OF rctiectors, lenticular and revolving lights
the location and construction of the buildings
as well as the mode of keeping the lights
are all being fully and carefully investigated
and report, ii Is believed, viii be ready du.
rlng tLe present session of Congress. From
ihc Chesapeake to The Capes OF Florida, and
thence westward, ou coast is badly liobted
as well as the great lakes of the north and west.
Lul u.lLl- Ln-l- .-r-nL. MIN