The New York herald., 1845-11-06


7oreign Correspondence OF the N. Y. Herald.
Paris, Oct I6, l845.
Affairs IN Enrope-The French Reverses in algeria
Tie Colonization System of Louis Philippe
Progress of the Nep Religion on the Continent
Catholicism in EngIand-1he Raii,ca Mania and
Steam, Narigation-shides Of Science in Europe
Music and the Drama-PostscriW Of Important
N.us.
The serenity which has regned so long in the fir
mament of European politics has been broken, but
only by the appearance of dark masses collect
ing on distant points of the horizon, from which
thunder Is heard to mutter, and the flash occasion
ally to issue. The nearest and most serious OF
these alarms, has proceeded from the district OF
North Africa, which the French have attempted In
vain to colonies, and to which they have given the
sounding appellaton Of Algeria. 1t is an ungraeful
duty for the armies OF civilised nations to have TO
contend with savage tribes. Defeat is humiliating
and disgracefu and even victory brings little satis-
faction or credit. Treaties have no virtue The
conventions by which the horrors OF war have been
mtigated become inappcable, and measures are
unavoidable, the execution of which is revolving to
civilized men. You heard of the herrors of the
Dahra, the apparent atrocity of which drew down
upon ts authors the Indignation of all Europe, in
which large portion of the French nation itself
cordially united. Yet these terrible proceedings
were defended in the Tribune, by the Minister of
War and President of the Council, and were not
disavowsd by his colleagues. Marshal Bugeaud,
Dake of Isy, the Governor of Algiers, who had the
responsibility of these shocking operations, return
ed to France on leave of absence ostensbly but ac
eording to the prevalent opinion had resigned
because his system was not in accordance with the
views and opinions of the government. He had
not, however, been three weeks on French soil, ere
events took place in the colony which has filled the
country with indignation In fact, general nsur-
rectlOn OF the Arab tribes which have been
ripening previously, broke out. Parties of many
hundreds of the French army have been attacked,
and literally cut to pieces. OF $50 men in one az
fair scarcely dozen were left alive, to tell of the
disaster This was speedily followed by the unpre-
cedentcd fact of detachment of two hundred men,
with their officers, laying down their arms to the
barbarians, without striking blow, firing shot
"a These disasters and notifications in the colony
were followed by events at home Of a very curious
nature. Marshal Bugeaud, who had resigned the
government of the colony, and was staying at Ecci-
deu, caused letter to be privately circulated, in
which he the whole blame of these reverses on
those who succeeded him in command, whom he
roundly charged with incapacity. On the arrival Of
the news OF the disasters at Paris, M. Guizot, the
Minister of Foreign Affairs, dispatched missive,
by order OF the King to Bugeaud, desiring him to
come immediately to Paris. But at the same time
Marshal Soult, the President OF the Council, and the
nominal chief OF the Cabinet (who was then at his
country seat In the south, sent another despatch to
Bugeaud, ordering him TO return without delay to
Algeria and try to repair losses which were SO af-
fictHg and humlliatlng to the French people. Both
these letters were delivered at the same moment to
Bugcaud who adopted the alternative that was most
agreeable to himself, and ordered post horses in
stantly for Marseiles, leaving Mons Guizot and
Mons. GuZot's MASTER to digest his conduct as they
best might But the oldest part of all this odd chair,
Af he hol at III t~C
starting to resume the reins of his government under
the Soult- Guzot Ministry, sat down and indited
letter to his friend Mons. Marcillac, the Prefect oi
La Dordogne. in which he censuree, in no measured
terms the Cabinet; speaks of them and their pro-
ceedngs, and plans with undisguised scorn and
contempt, and intimates that all the misfortunes
and difficulties OF the matter arose from his, the
Marshal, being unduly thwarted and obstruced, and
IN short, not being permitted to do just as he pleased
This letter appeared in provincial newspaper, and
was Immediately copied into the Paris journals. -
Journal de Debats. That minister, overwhelmed
with astonishment, put himself without delay into
his carriage, and went to the King at st. Cloud,
where abinet Council was held on the matter at
three O'Clock the same day. Meanwhile the jour-
nails were flied with conjectures to the result,
Some maintaining that .Bugeaud must be dismissed
and Intercepted at Marseiles by the telegraph, and
others declaring that the Cabinet dare not dismiss
him, and must pocket the afront. From what has
hitherto transpired, Il would seem that the latter
correct. A summons has, however, been issued,
commanding the unluclSy Pretect OF La Dordogne to
present himself at Parls TO account tor the publca
tion of the letter. 1t is said that the dismissal Of
this tunctionary has been resolved on.
The project, however, shelters himself as is re-
ported, undera postscript, which he declares was
affixed 10 the letter, TO this efiect-"Send this to
the Conserrafer' (the name OF the provincial jour
nal in which the letter appeared) sand urge the in
sertion of H." Mons. Marcillac says in his ustifi
who stood SO much above himself in rank and posi-
ton, ne could not refuse to obey, and that ought
not to be held responsible for step which he would
have disadvlsed II he had had the opportunity and
the power Ha
Whatever may be the ultimate issue OF all this,
Marshal Bugeaud has gone 10 Africa, breathing
vengeance and fire, and we may expect to hear
more terrible things than ever from that quarter.
Never did colony cost SO dear and make SO poor a
return Algeria has done to the French. To quell
the turbulent Arabs which surround and infest it,
the army there has been successlvey and continual
ly augmented Forty thousand troops were first
sent These were found insufficient, and the mum.
Der was augmented to fifty thousand. This still
falling to attain the ends desired the numbers were
increased by successive additions until they reach
ed an army of elghy-seven thousand strong, and to
this twelve thousand are now to be added, SO that
this colouy the population of which does not it Is
said, exceed SIX thousand, requires to be maintain
ed by standing army OF little less than hundred
thousand fighting men No parallel for this can, /
apprehend be found in the whole history of coloni
zaton.
Another curious distant event has occurred which
mas produced mucn excitement In the capitals OF
England and France. The Island Of Madagascar,
inhabited by savage tribes called HoUas, being a
place OF some trade in cattle, has cecome the rkeatre
OF war: A few huts which have been enrencHed by
the aid OF some renegade Europeans, form what is
dlgnlfied by the name OF a seaport, and called Ia
plafape. Owing to some quarrel between the ma
tves and the European traders, this place has been
attacked by the combined forces Of England and
France in these seas; and marvellous to relate, the
attack Of these great maritime powers has been suc-
cessfuy repelled the assaants being repulsed with
WILL it is sad proceed to these to inict signal
vengeance for this insult
While these warlike operations are going on
abroad, Europe is witnessing at home some social
and intellectual commissions, more less serious.
and wde-spreadlng than any which have occurred
since the epoch Of Luther's preaching, are taking
place In every part Of Eastern Europe. The schsm