Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1845-12-12

- =
Innnbers into the nasiss of1he, psincie.1.-..
time Powers Of the world. Al due rs 81, sas.
our own safety and to an efficient proi sss
to our large and increasing commerce dem..Is'a
a corresponding increase on our pafl. ~
countryhas greater facilities for the cons,,se
ton of vessels of this descriptions than cue
or can promise itself greater advantage. Tvs
the employment. They are admirably ada oa
cd to the protection of our commerce.. ,o
rapid transmission of intelligence, ard tn ,M e
coast defence. In pursuance of the wise n"s s
icysof gradual increase OF our navy. la. ru'
supplies of live oak timber, and other mas:
ais for ship building, have been collecte,, "a
are now under shelter and in state Of naas
preseryation. while iron steamers can be bn;,.
with great facility in various parts of IT,
Union. Ihe use of iron as a material. esns.
claily ,nthe construction of steamers, which
can enter with safety many Of the barbor.
along our coast now inaccessible to vessels rs
greater dranght, and the practicabiity of con-.
stIuctlng them IN the interior, strongly recon-.
mends that liberal appropriations should b.
made Tor TINS important object. Whateye,
may have been our policy in the earlies. sta.
ges of the government when the nation ,r".
in its infancy, our shipping interests and coz,
merce comparatively small, our resources ,ina
tied, our population sparse and scarcely e~-
tending beyo the limits of the original ,b;,-
teen States, that policy must be essen,;all,,
different now thatswe have grown from three
to more than twenty millions of people-that
our commerce carried IN Our own shins -
| found in every sea, and that our territori,I
boundaries and settlements have been SO great.
ly expanded. Neither our commerce. nor On,
| long line of coast on the ocean and on the :
lakes, can be successfully defended against
foreign aggression by means of fortiica,iou.
alone. These are essential at important COM
mercial and military points, but our chief re-.
lance for this object must be on a well ORGAN.
lied, efficient navy. The benefits resulting
from snch navy are not confined to the Al.
lantic States. The productions of the interior
which seek market abroad, are directly de-.
pendent On the safety and freedom. of our
commerce. The occupationoe.the Bslfke be.
low New Orleans by hos5ilR force would
emb5gfass, if not stagnate, me whole expor,
trade of the Mississippi, andsaffect the value
of the agricultural products of the entire val.
ley of that mighty river and its tributaries.
1t has never been our policy to maintain large stand
ing armies in time of peace They are contrary the
dens on the people, and be dangerous to public hertv
reliance for protection and defence on the land must
be mainly on our citizen soldiers VITO will be ever res
dy as they have been ready in times past to rush wi
aacri,y the call of their country her defence This
prescription OF force however, cannot defend our coast
harbors and inland protest our he
ocean the lakes. These protected by our nav
considering an increased naval force and especiaIiv
OF steam vessels, corresponding with growth and
Importance as nation and proportohfd the inereas
Gu a Ilicaesi!s navai power OF other nations of 1t
Importance as regards safety, and the great and
growing interests to be protected by it recommend
The rcportof the Postaser General hereSu,g
truafcated contains defied statement of the opera
tons Of his department during the past year. win
th' expendtu Tor the year between one and two mil
iions 81 dollars This deficiency BY the
Production Of the ates of postage which madeby the
act of the third of March last. No principle has beer
more generally acqnesced in by the people than that
this department should tain itself by limit Sis eY
pendit es to its income congress has never sought "a
make it source of revenue for general PURPOSES
except for period during the last war with (re.t
sritain should it berome charge on the qena
raj treasury Congress shall adhere this principle
rs think they ought will be necessary either n r,
tail the present mail service SO as to reduce the
dures or so to modify the act Of the thiro Marcel last
as 10 improve its revenues The extensions Of the mail
service and the additional facilities which viii he do
manded by the rapid extension and increase of nonnIs
ton on our western frontier, will admit Of such cur
tamen as will materially reduce the present exDend
tures.In the adjustments Of the tariff of postaees he
interests of the people demand that the lowest rates be
adopted Which Will produce the necessary revenue 10
meet the expenditures Of the department. invite the
attention OF Congress to the suggestions of the
modification Of the late law may be made as will WELD
sufficient revenue without further calls on the treasnr~
ana with very little change in the present rates pos
! Proper measures have been taken, in pursuance IF
the act OF the third of March last for the
OF lines OF mail steamers between this and foreign
tries The Importance of this service comments itself
strongly to favorable conside alton ~
With the growth of our country the ppblic husine
which devoves on the heads of the several Execuye
Departments has greatly increased In some respects
3gsuous, and MANY of these might be transferred fr
one to another with advantage public interest
nore suspicious time for the consideration of this sub
Ijcctby congress- with system in the oroaniza
ton OF the several departments more apnr1 nrat
DIVISION oil tne public business will not probably occur
The most important duties OF the State De pa rtinent r..
late to our foreign affairs BY the great cparoemen, ~
the family of nations the increase our cemmercc and
the CORRESPONDING extension our consular system th
business This department has been greatly nc reaseJ
In its present organization, many duties of Somes,;
nature, and consisting of Details are voivS n ,t
secretary of State, which do appropriately helons ~
the foreign department of he government ana 10
pery be transferable other depannent n pro-
ese oWs out the present of lay concernin
me fatent Cflice which, few years nceUas snhss
dnate cerkship but has become distinct hnrean c
great import nee with excellent internal oronniz.
tIoa, stll connected with the State nnnl saza
In the TRANSACTION of its business Questions of mnh i
poEtance to inventors and the community freonen,vn
Use, which, by existing laws are referred fr
board which the secretary of sta,e Is oecslon
These questions are legal and the which now
exists between the State Department and the Potent or
nce may, with great proprety aud adyantase he tr.U.
| ierred to the Attorney General. 80 " 'Sn'
IN MS last annual message to Congress, Mr. Madison
invited aention TO proper provision for the Attornev
General AZ an important Improvement in the execnt;v
establlshment This recommendation was repeated nv
49, AAo olCld uutieS of the Att0r.
ney General have been much increased within fes,
years. anu his office has become great importanc"
HIS duties may be still further increased with advantaoc
to the public interests As executive officer his
sidence and constant attention the seat of
are required Legal questions involving important prn
cples and large amount of public moneyare constan:
ly referred to him by the President and executye de-
partnen:s for his examination and decision The nnh
lie business under his official management before The
judc larry has augmented by the extension of our ter
rtory and the acts of Congress authorizing suits agabst
the United States lrge bodies Of valuable public lands
as greatly to Increase his labors and responsibiIea
therefore recommend that the Attorney Gene raj be MIA
ced on the footing with of the other ere
cutive departments with such subordinate Officers NJ
vd by law for his department. may be REQUIRED to
discharge the additional duties which ha We been or NJ
/ be devolved upon him. - A'o&
Congress possess the power of exclusive legislato