The New York herald., 1845-12-03

new States TO our coalederacy lie expansion OF
free principles, and rising greatness as nation,
are attracting the attention OF The Powers oil Eu-
rope and la:ey the doctrine has been broached in
some OF them. Of balance OF power" on this
continent, TO check our advancement The United
States sincerely desirous Of preserving relations OF
good understanding with all nations, cannot IN ST.
lence permit any European interference on the
North American continents and should any such In
reference be attempted, will be ready TO resist II at
any and all hazards
1t is well known TO the American people aud TO
all nations, that this government has never inter-
fered with the relations subsistlng between other
governments We have never made ourselves par
ties to their wars or their alliances; we have not
sought their territories by conquest; we have not
mingled with parties in their domestic struggles !;
and believing our own form OF government TO be
the best, have never attempted TO propagate II by
intrigues, by diplomacy, or by force we may
claim on this continent Ike exemption rom EURO
pean Interference. The nations OF America are
equally sovereign and independent with those OF
Europe. They possess the same rights, independ'
ent oil all foreign inteIposition, TO make War 10
conclude peace and regulate their internal all ,lrs
The people of the United States cannot, therefore.
view with indifference attempts OF European po"ers
to Interfere with the independent action OF ,ne ma
tlons on this continent The American sys'em of
government is entirely different from that OF Europe
Jealousy among The different soverrigns OF Europe,
lest any one Of them might become TOO powerful tor
the rest, has cansed them anxousy 10 desire the e.
Enlistment OF what they term the "balance OF pow
u.
on the North American continent, and especially to
the United States. We must ever maintain the
principle, that the people OF this continent alone
have the right to decide their own destiny; Should
any portion OF them, constituting an independent
stat. propose unite themselves with our confede
racy This will be a question for them and Us to
determine, without any foreign lnterposltion.-
We can never consent that European foWers
shall interfere to prevent such union, because
it might disturb the ''baance OF power" which
they may desire to maintain upon this continent.
Near quarter OF century ago, the principe was
distinctly announced 10 the world In the annual
message of one of my predecessors, that 'he
Amercan continents, by the Tree and independent
condition which they have assumed and MAINTAIN,
are hencetorth not 10 be considered subjects for
future colonization by any European power" This
principle will apply, with greatly Increased force
should any European power attempt 10 establish any
new colony in North America. la the existing CIR
cumstances OF the world, the present is deemed a
proper occasion to relterate and rearm the prncl-
pie avowed by Mr.. Monroe, and to state my corda
| concurrence in it's wisdom and sound policy. The
reassertlon OF this principle, especially IN reference
tc North America, Is at this day but the promulga,
| uon OF policy which no European power should
cherish the disposition to resist Existing rights o.
every European nation should be respected; bu
il is due alike to safety and our interests, tha
the efficient protection of our laws should be ex
| tended over our whole territorial limits, and tha
1t should be distinctly announced TO the world d.
our settled policy, that no future European coloni
| or dominion shall with our consent, be planted o.
| established on any part OF the North American con
\ tinent.
question has recently arisen under the tent
article of the subsisting treaty between the Unle'
States and Prussia. BY This article the consuls O
the two countries have the night to sit as judges an
arbitrators " in such differences may arise be
tween the captains and crews OF the vessels belong
ing to the nations whose interests are committed 4
their charge, without the interference OF the loca
authorities unless The conduct of the or q
the captain should disturb the order or ,ranquilit
OF the country; or the said consuls should requlr
their assistance their decisions to be carrle
| into effect or supported"
/ The Prussian consul at New Bedford, in June
1874 applied to Mr. Justice Story TO carry into etfec
d. ecision made by hun between the captain an,
crew OF the Prusslan ship Borussia but the reques
was refused on the ground thar, without previou
legislation by Congress the Judiciary did not posses
the power to give effect To this article o the treaty
The Prussian government, through their mlnlse
here, have complained OF thisvioation OF the treaty
and have asked the government ol the Uulte
States 10 adopt The necessary measures 10 prevei
similar violations hereafter Good ialth TO Prussis
| as well as to ether nations with whom We hav
similar treaty stlpuatIons, requires that these Shouts
be faithfully observed. have deemed II proper
therefore, TO lay the subject before Congress- and {
recommend such legislation as may be necessary L
give effect TO these treaty obligations.
! BY virtue OF an arrangement made between III
Spanish government and that OF the United States
III December 1881, American vessels, since III
twenty ninth OF April 1882, have been admitted Il
entry IN the ports Of Spain, including those OF th'
Balerac aud Canary Islands, on payment OF IN,
same tonnage duty Of five cents per ton, az ihougi
lfey had been Spanish vesse els and This. whethe
our vessels arrive in Spain directly from the Unltet
States, lndirectl/ from any other country WheI
Congre SIS, by the act of the thirteenth OF July, 1882
gave effect to this arrangement between the tw'
governments, they confined the reduction OF Tonnage
duty merely To Spanish vessels "coming from pof
| IN Spain," leaving The former discriminating duil
TO remain against such vessels coming from POI
IN any other country. II Is maniiesty unjust that
whilst American vessels, arriving la the ports {
Spain from other countries, pay no more duty tha
Spanish vessels Spanish vessels arriving IN The port
OF the United States from other countries houid b
subjected TO heavy discriminating tonnage dutles
This Is neiher equality nor reciprocity, and Is 1
| violation OF the arrangement concluded m Decen,
ber, 1881, between the two countries The SpanisI
government have made repeated and earnest re-
monstrances against this Inequality, and the favor
| able attention of Congress has been several TIME
invoked to the subject by my predecessors. re
| commend, an act OF justice to SPAN, that thin
inequality be removed by Congress, and tha
| The discriminating duties which have been evlet
under the act OF the thlrtleh OF July, 1882 Span
| Ish vessels coming to the United States from any
other foreign country, be refunded. This recon-
! mendatlon does not embrace Spanish vessels ar
| rivlng in the United States from Cuba and PortC
Rico, which will still remain subJec TO the provl
sions OF the act OF June thlrteh 1884, concerning
tonnage duty on such vessels
BY the act of the fourteenth OF July, 1882, cohe,
was exempted from duty altogether. THIS exemp
tlOn was universal, 10 the
| where it WIS produced, tne national character o
| the vessel in which 1t was imported. BY the tarli
act oi the thirueth Of August 1872, this exemption
from duty was restricted TO coffee imported In Anne
rIcan vessels fom the place OF It's productions whlls
coffee imported ander all other circumstances was
subjected to duty of twenty per ad vaforen,
Unuer this act, and our existing treaty with the
King OF the Netherlands, Java coffee imported
from the European ports OF that kingdom into
the United States, whether IN Dutch or Ame-
rican vessels, now pays this rate OF duty. The
government Of the Netherlands complains that
imposed on coffee, the production Of one Of It's
colonies, and which is chiefly brought from Java to
the ports of that kint dom, and exported from
thence to foreign countries Our trade with the Ne
therands is highly beneficial TO both countries, and
our relations with them have ever been of the mos,
friendly character. Under ali the circumstances a
! the case; | recommend that this discrimination
should be abolished and that the coffee Of Java i'm.