The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1845-11-29

capital of Indiana Springfield, the capital Of Illinois;
ana nom thence direct u the mouth OF the Kansas,
the latter point could be reached from New York in
three days; and from there to the Pacific, by rail-
road over the Rocky mountains, in few days more.
In quarter of century this will be done, even at
the speed at which the locomotive is now propelled!
Who can doubt such an occurrence when he re-
fleets upon what has been done TO facilitate travel
ling within the last thirteen years. The first trial
of aeaurpoicer upon a railroad made between
Liverpool and Manchester in 1880. Now il is
drawing, at a rapid rate heavily -freghed trains of
cars through tunnels of solid beds Of rock three
miles long IN Lancashire, and in the United States
over the backbone" of the Allegheny mountains.
spirit Is rife everywhere to profit by its singular adj
vantages. In Europe and in America 5000 miles
OF railroad have been made, Including all that
are now under contraci;) and as much more
is projected, with every prospect Of u speedy
completion They are yet in their infancy, the
hrst line having been laid about the commencement
OF the second quarter of the present century. The
speed Of travelling upon them, now that they COM
mand such universal attention, will in all probability
be greatly increased The mechanic arts are keep
ing pace with the improvements making in the in
ternal condition Of the country. Governments, ne
well as individuals, appear to be deeply interested
in annihilatng space and bringing the inhabitants Of
distant points in contact with each other. The
general peace Of the world is thus daily receiving ad
ditioDa security. Mind is meeting mind and adjust
ing, by reason, questions which in days gone by
would have caused the sword TO be unsheathed.
Civilization originally proceeded from the East. 1t
has steadily followed the sun in his course, until il
is about TO reach the confines Of the almost inter-
minable West. That il is from thence to return to
It's starting post, is apparent from the signs Of the
times. The sgency which the United States to
have in calculating this phlanthroplc object, will
be shown in future number. M.
From the Hamburg Borsen.IIse of Oct %. Is43
OREGON TERRITORY
NO. II.
The nations Of Europe cannot view with ndiiIer-
ence the spirit of daring adventure which urges on
ward TO the shores of the Pacific, over the Rocky
mountains, through an untrod wilderness, the hardy
and fearless American emgrant. They aware
of the vast Importance of the entire intermediate
country between the Missouri line and the mouth of
the Columbia river being owned by generous peo-
ple under government sufficiently liberal to extend
all necessary facilities for social and commercial in
tercourse with them. II is estimated, that by the
LIST of January Oregon will contain population Of
5000 native citizens Of the United States-a class Of
individuals who, although they have not been
schooled in the elegances and refnements Of life,
have ever from the settlement at jamestown and
the landing Of the "pgrim fathers" been dstin-
guished for their uprlghtness of purpose Although
rough in their Manners they are emphaiically ma
ture's noblemen. Like the celebrated Daniel Boone
they devoted to the pleasures of the forestie-
They are the tasmen who have made the wilder
ness of the western world blossom as the rose -
and they are but fulfilling their destiny in taking the
stride which places them on its uttermos limits.
The standard of civilization, which their ancestors
erected at jamestown and Plymouth more than two
centuries ago, they are now rearing after it has
passed triumphantly over the heads of fcrocious
savages 5000 miles, the shores of another ocean,
as q beacon to the most appropriated region
of the globe. At or adjacent to the mouth Of the
Oregon river, city will undoubtedly be built up,
possessing rare commercial advantages. As the
territory watcred by the Columbia and its tribua-
ries ceases to be a wilderness, so will the Pacific
cease to be an ocean desert. Vessels freighted to
and from China, with all the necessaries and luxu-
ries Of life, will pass its bosom freely. 1t will
be "whened by the sails of ships from every ma.
ton"
The Sandwich islands are situated nearly in the
centre of the Pacific directly on the highway to
China from the mouth of the Oregon. They are
within ten days sail of the latter place. and may
be reached in about the same time from the west
coast Of Mexico. The United States have re-
cognised the independence Of the Hawaiian govern
ment, and are thus committed against the occupa.
lion Of these islands by any foreign power. In
message 10 Congress, dated December 30, lS42, the
President remarked: at but be in conformi-
ty with the interest and the wishes of the govern
ment and the people of the United States that this
community, thus existing in the midst of vast ex-
panse Of ocean, should be respected and all its rights
strictly and conscientiously regarded. And this
must be the true interest Of all other commercial
states Far remote from the dominions of European
powers, its growth and prosperity, independent
State may yet be in high degree useful to ali whose
trade is extended TO those regions; while its nearer
approach to this continent and the intercourse which
American vessels have with it, could not but create
dissatisfaction on the part Of the United States
at any attempt, by another power, (shoud such
attempt be threatened or feared to take possession
- - A.. ~
government Considering, therefore, that the Uni
ted States possess very large share Of the inter-
course with those islands, il is deemed not unfit to
make the declaration that their government seeks,
nevertheless, no peculiar advantages, no exclusive
control over the Hawaiian government, but is content
with its independent existence, and anxiously wishes
for its security and prosperity's
Mr.. Fox, the British minister at Washington, in
letter to Mr. Upshur, Secretary of State, dated
June 25, lS43, said
"Her Majesty's government, previously to the
departure from England of the last steani-packet,
ly, of the provisional occupation of the Sandwich
islands, in the of Great Britain, by the officer
commanding her Maesty's ship 'Carysfort.'
~ am directed by the Earl Of Aberdeen to state
to you, for the information Of the government of the
United States, that the occupation Of the Sandwich
islands was act entirely unauthorized by her Ma
jestys government and that, with the least practi-
cable delay, due inquiry will be made into the pro-
ceedings which led to il.
"The British government had already announced
to certain commissioners who arrived in Great Brit
ain in March last, on the part Of the King of the
Sandwich islands, that her Majesty had determined
to recognise the independence Of those islands under
their present chief. To that determination her Ma
jesty's government intends to adhere"
Here, then, are distinct avowas from the govern
ment df the United States and the government of
Great Britain, that neither of them have the slightest
inclination TO interfere with the native government
of the Haiwaiians; but, the contrary, to aid in
maintaining its sovereignty. There ia Also evident
ly disposition the part Of each ofthese powers
well ar that of France, to facilitate the improve
ment Of the condition Of this people, who are al
ready beginning to make advances towards civliza-
ton, and whose institutions said to be founded
on just principles, having for their object the dssem
nation of such knowledge as relates to religion and
morality, the arts and Sciences education and agri
culture. Christianity through the agency of Amer
lean missionaries, was introduced among them as
far back 1870, and now constitutes the religion Of
IL - ~