Sunbury American and Shamokin journal. [volume] (Sunbury, Northumberland Co., Pa.) 1840-1848, 1845-09-20

Freezing Ira RED U0t Iron.
Some experiments have recently been madeby
Professor Boutgny on the spheroidal shape
of bodies, and its application to stsam.boors,
and on the freezing Of water in red no, vessels"
which have been read before the Cambridge
Association, and ie reported in an English scien-
tific paper The first proceeds to show that
drop of water projected upon a red hot plate
does not touch it; bat that repulsive action is
excrted between the plate and the fluid. which
Keeps the latter IA a state of rapid vibration.
AT white heat this repnlson acts with the rrea.
test energy, whilst it ceases and the ordinary
process OF evaporation takes place at brown
red heat. The temperature Of the water whilst
IN the sphcrodal state is found to be only 90
deg, and this temperature is maintained so long
as the heat of the plate is kept up. To bring
the water to the boiling point, Ito 2l2 deg it is
therefore necessary to cool the plate. These
phenomena are explained by NJ. Boutigny on
the suppostun that the sphere of water has
perfect rejecting surface, and consequently
that the heat OF the incandescent plate is reflect
ed buck upon 1t and some experiments have
been inade which show that this is tho case, the
plate becoming vls'biy redder over those parts
ar which the vibrating gobule played. Sever
a. experiments were made in proof of this
necessary cooling TO rroduce ebul,ion.
The red hot plate, with its spherodal Drop
WAS removed from The spirit lamp, and after
minnie or two the water began to boil, and was
raH,i'y s.petcd IN steam. Ammonia and ether
were shown, though exceedingly volatile, to
act IN the same manner; the ether, however,
being decomposed whilst in the vib.atory condi.
ton, in tie same manner as it is by the action
OF pla;lna wire, forming peculiar acid. Iodine
put upon the heated plate became fluid, and re-
voved in the same manner as other fluids no
vapors escaping whilst the high temperature of
the metal was maintained but when allowed
to cool to the point of dull redness, i, was i'm.
medateIy dissipated in violet vapors. The nj.
trate of ammonia fused on the glowing hot plate,
and viorated with great energy; but on cooling
the capsule the salt entered into vivid combus.
tion. The repulsive action was shown by pung.
ing lump OF silver at glowing red heat into
n glass OF water. AS long as its bright redness
was maintained, there was no ebulliton; but as
it slowly cooled, boiling took place. In this
experiment it appeared as if the glowing metal
formed around itself an atmosphere, and the
contiguous surfaces of the water appeared like
siivered plate. The application ofthe prnci.
pies involved in these phenomena to the temper.
ing of metals vas then explained. If a metal
to be tempered is in highly incandescent state
plungiAg it into water. 1t is, therefore, neccs
sary that a certain temperature should be Oh
served. Experiments were made to show ,ha
the re1ulsve power Of the spheroida fluid OK
but between it and other fluids. Ether anc
water thus tepelled each other, and water rest
ed on and rolled over turpentine. The burst
ing of steam boilers came next under consider
alton and it was shown that many serious ex
plosions may be referred TO the phenomena unde
consideration. Ina great many cases the ex
plosons have occurred during the cooling, o
the boilers after the withdrawal of the fire. A:
experiment was shown in proof Of the view en-
tertaned by NJ. Boutigny. A sphere of cop
per, fitted with the safety valve, was heated
and little water being put into it was secure
ly corked up and withdrawn from the lamp. 4
longas the metal remained red every thing wa
quiet, but upon cooling the cork was blown OH
tn explosive violence. The concluding ex
pertinent excited great interest The produc
ton of ice in vessel at glowing red heat
was result anomalous that every on
was desirous of witnessing the phenomenon 70
himself II was beautifully performed by N
Boutgny in the following maner A dee
patna capsule was brought to glowing re
heat, and. at the same moment, liquid sulphur
Gus acld, which nsd been preserved in iiqui
state 10y trco4ldg mixture, and some wat.
ration OF the vua, lie suphureous acid, whic
enters in'o ebulltion at the freezing point, pr
ducod such an intense degree Of cold, that
large lump vi ice was Immediately formed, al
being thrown out of the red hot vessel, hand,
round to the company in the section
EXTENT OF OREGON TKRRIToRy.-On 4
east it skirts 500 miles along the Rocky Mou
,ains, on the south 800 miles along the Snow
Mountains, Oh the west 700 mites along /