The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1845-07-21

ish Minister rests his claim upon the treaty of l7l3
subsequently renewed, that Spain should be ad-
United To trade with this country on the terms
OF the most favored nations; and he con-
tends that the terms OF that and other trea-
ties extend TO the colonial dependencies
OF Spain. Lord Aberdeen takes two grounds of
objection TO this caim--irst, that the treaties be-
tween England and Spain excepted the West India
Colonies Il both countries; and secondly, that the
subjects, not the produce of Spain, were alone en-
ttled TO what is called ''the most favored nation
clause" The grounds upon which the decision
rests are OF less importance than the decision itself.
When the question was first mooted, opinion SEEM
ed TO be IN favor OF the admission OF the slave pro-
duce OF Cuba and Porto Rico; butwhen The subject,
appeared under the growing conviction, that how
ever the treaties might be held to apply 10 Spain,
they did not extend to her colonies.
This result has greatly disappointed tue Free
Trade party, and has elated, in the sans degree,
the West India interest. by the former the ques-
ton was held to involve the admission Il the pro-
duce of Brazil, an excellent English markPt-for if
the slave sugars of the Havana admitte upon
what ground OF justice or expediency could we ex-
Glade those of our best customers BY the latter,
this decision Is held to have taken out Of the field
the most formidable competitor which the
British tropical coonlsts could possibly encounter.
No doubt exists that West Indian Sugar must have
receded in price if the two Spanish islands In ques-
ton, which produce more than all of them put to-
gether, We're allowed to enter with dltlerentlal
duty OF only ten shilllngs per cwt. As IL is, the
w est lnuldUS nave ttt 10 lear ITOn l1OulsidHh OF
Venezuela, and considering the distance Of the
kets, they seem likely to retain permanent possess
sion OF the home trade.
Ireland.
The social condition of Ireland is at the
present moment Observation-Disclosures de-
plorable. The physical destItutlon of the people
lmpss them to crime. The disputes about land
give rise to assassination. few days back, a
magistrate named Booth, In the county OF Cavan,
while returning from church in gig with his
children shot nv n who escaDpd with
lmpunlty after committing the murder. The
wretch hardly accelerated his movements when
his victim was no more, and yet all attempts to
arrest TO trace him have been frutess, owing to
the strange and brutal propensity of the Irish
peasantry to screen great culprits from The con-
sequences of their crimes. This sympathy with
CRIMINALS has always been characteristic OF the
Irish peasant and while it may be vain to account
for such morbid feeling it is undeniable that its
existence s the fruitful source OF outrage and
murder The "wild justice of revenge" as it is
termed, is carried in of the rural districts Of
the sister country TO degree of refinement that
would shame the North American Indian. 1t is
singular anomaly in the Irish character, that while
the people are generous TO fault, and will share
with stranger or pauper their last crust or pOta
toe, they are deadly in their hatred against all whose
conduct has tendency to restrict them of a crumb
or deprive them OF bean stalk. Strange inconsls-
tency! We are constantly Mortified by accounts OF
fatal feuds between the nearest relatives, arising out
of the possession or the dspossessIon of few yards
of soil Mr. O'Conne asserts that there are at the
present moment four millions and half of panpers
IN his country; II true, astounding, and, regards
the British Government, a disgraceful confession.
With such combustlble materials it is useless to ex-
pec permanent peace or safety for life or property
military force has been sent into the disturbed
districts, but the chronic complaint OF the country
will not yield to mere blood-etung.
While O'Conne is in Parliament the proceedings
of the Repeal Association deserve and excite little
attention. He is the ruling spirit, and in his az
sence the vacuum is painful His power Is omnipo-
tent and while he boasts of possessing over count
less myrlads moral authority which is yielded to
living monarch, the assertion is not idle boast.
But who is to succeed HIM! What pigmy is to be
clothed in the giants armourl The man is ad-
vanced in llte-the scar and yellow leaf Is thick
upon him. These are questions which it is difficult
to answer Upon whom the mantle is TO fall is mat
ter OF conjecture but the shoulders have vet 10 be
formed is tolerably clear capable of bearing the
burden. The "old boy" while in Parliament re-
Gently, has shown, however, that if the mere corpo
real frame is not in It's pristine yigor, his intellect
burns as brightly and wildly ever. Some of his
addresses, brief but terse have played that versa
tiity so admired in all good actors-of adopting
themselves to their audience
At the annual fair of lallinghassing. held on the
Both OF June, fiynt took place between two persons
named Sullivan aud Nea!e, aad others having inter-
tered, Sullivan was ioktn INTO custody by the po-
lice symptoms OF = rescue having been manifested,
the police retired wllh their prisoner to building
used dlspensary lilere some stones were thrown
and the mob Tired upon IN return. The country peo-
Pile then attacked the house IN the rear, and threw
stones on the ROOT, smashing II IN several places.
The police fired from the door and windows upon
those assembled in front with fatal effect. The mob
gave way. and the police reured TO their barracks,
firing upon those who were collected by the way.
II was understood that no warning was given, no
magistrate was present, the riot act was not read
and attempt made to dspersc the people by bayo-
net charge, or blank cartridge
Among those killed were jeremiah Coehan, Maui
rice Cochran John Desmond, jeremiah Conway,
anl., Ear,a Trarla Jrff Il
young woman just married, named Johannah Hol-
land None OF the police were dangerously injured,
but twenty-five of the country people were wound
ed, some supposed MORALLY. A letter from Balllng-
hassing, dated on the LIST inst. Says:
The utmost excitement prevails for several miles
around. The people, and they proverblal for
emplary conduct, are sullen They most re-
spectu to all parties seeking information they ask
for an impartial investigation, request that there
seems every prospect Of having conceded to them
The magistrates, coroner, parish priests and con-
siderable number of the surrounding gentry and re
spectacle farmers, after a consultation, having
agreed that the inquest shall not commence It's sit
tings until nine O'Clock on Thursday morning,
several circumstances concurTing to render that
course the most prudent. In the meantime, counsel
and agents are to be engaged, the friends and rea-
tlves OF the Inflated deceased and wounded having
taken measures to insure justice. The coroner in
tlmated that he should issue summons tor fifty or
sixty respectable gentlemen, from whom to select
twenyhree to form the jury, whilst full bench OF
magistrates HOII parts Oh TIE country Is lOOkeu
for. We are reminded Of the terrible scene of Cur
troe by the fearful transactions of last evening.
France.
Advices from Paris of the I'd instant give the fol-
lowing intelligence :
The Chamber Of Deputies has thrown over for
discussion in the next session as many OF the pro-
tets de oi ts order it was possible TO postpone
and among them, that for establishing regular
steam communication between France and the Uni
ted States. The discussion of the Budget has occu-
pied the attention Of the Deputies almost exclusively
during the last fortnight. The votes for the army
included the sum necessary for the maintenance and
equipment OF 100000 men, and 81 $50 horses-a
very respectable army for time Of peace. The dis
cussion Of the navy estimates showed that the ma
rne of France is by no means as formidable as has
been belleved-indeed, according to the opposition,
worst period of the worst Ministry of the Restora-
ton So alarmed was the Chamber at the disco-
sures that were made, that it adopted resolution,
contrary TO the wish of the Ministers, that for the
future return of the state of eyery department OF