Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1841-1853, 1845-12-25


posing many hiehr duties upon the manufactured fab
Than upon The agricultural product of which i,
is made. Ia
Il dscriminstes favor OF the manufacturer against
the mechanic by many higher duties upon the manufac
spon the article made Of by the mechanic.
dscrimnaes favor Of the manufactured and against
the merchant, by Injurious restrictions upon trade and
aud against the ship building and navigating
intens by heavy duties almost every article used
building navigating vessels. II dscrimnses in favor
Of manufactures and against exports which truly
the product O. American industry manufactures II
dscmna,es favor Of the rich and against the poor, BY
high duties upon NEARLY all the necessses Of life aud by
minimums aud specific duties, rendering the upon the
real value much higher the cheaper than upon the Hne
articles.
Minmums are fictitious value assumed BY law instead
Of the real value; and the operation of all mnlmums may
he illustrated by single example. Thus, by the Tariff
of 1872 duty of 80 per ad vsorem is levied
all manufactures Of but the law further provides
that cotton goods not Dyed colored printed stained
not exceeding twenty per square yard shall
be valued twenty per square yard If them the
real value Of the cheapest cotton goods Is but four cents
square yard is placed by law the false value of
twenty per square yard and the duty levied the
fictitious vaue-raisiDg il five times higher the cheap
article consumed by the poor than upon the fine article
purchased by the more wealthy Indeed by House docu-
ment No $685. of the lst session of the 3slh Congress-
this difference by actual importation 65 per cent. be-
tween the cheaper and the finer article Of the 20 per cent
minimum, l3l per cent. the 50 per cent minimum,
Asa per cent. the 35 per cent minimum 81 per cent
per minimum. This difference is founded actual
Importation and shows average discrimination against
the poor cotton imports Of 81 per cent beyond what
the would be If assessed upon the actual value The
operation Of the specific duty presents similar dscrmi
nation against the poor and favor of the rich. Thus
upon salt the duty is upon the value, but is eight
cents bushel, whether the article be 6ne-show
ing by the document from actual importation, dis
elimination Of Ga per cent against the cheap and in favor
of the finer article; and this to greater less extent
the effect of all specific duties. When consider that
So 62 "a of the last year collected by
minimum duties and sl3,3ll 0s5 46 by specific duties
the discrimination against the cheaper article
by estimates founded the document. a tax of
Os 422 exacted by mnimums and specific duties
nuay from the poorer classes raising thus the duties
the cheaper article above what they would be if the duty
assessed upon The actual value II direct sxes were
made specific they would be intolerable Thus, If
nusl Of thirty dollars assessed all houses, with
out respect to their actual value making the owner Of
the humble tenement cabin pay of thirty dollars.
and the of the costly mansion Of but thirty
dollars their respective houes-it would differ only IN
degree. in principle. from the unvaryng
e specified duty cheap on fine articles. II any DIS
elimination should be made should be the Of the
specific duty and of the minimum principle. for est~b
6 fishing maximum standard, above which value the du-
ty Oh the finer articles should be higher aud below which
they should be lower the cheaper articles The
upon the actual value the equal and only be
accomplished by al saorem duties As fraudulent in.
and differentiation these dangers believed TO
be arrested efecuay by the stringent provisions and
penalty Of the 18th section of the tariff Of 1912
and oseha the is collected from ad vaorem
d duties
seems strange that while the profit Of agriculture
e Tics from per cent? that OF manufactures is
than double. The is that whilst the high duties
nearly monopoly of the home market to the
ufacurer the farmer end planter deprived great
of the foreign market by these duties The farmer
and planter to great extent forbidden to buy the
foreign Market and confined the domestic articles
HANGED in price by the duties The tariff is thus double
a.
u and planter-a benefit the farmer, in nearly
" nopoy of the home market and in enhanced prices OF
their fabrics and loss to the latter, in the payment Of
III those high prices and in otsl partial exclusion from
the foreign market The question is, whether the
farmer and planter SHALL great extent supply peO
pie with their agricultural products whether this
change shall be forbidden by high duties such
factures and their supply thrown monopoly, large
prices by high tariffs into the hands Of maBuac-
le urers The number of manufacturing capitalists who
u desire the benefit from the heavy extracted by the
tariff from twenty millions ct people, does exceed
Of thousand The whole number (including the work
ing classes engaged in manuaciures) deriving any
benefit from the tariff does exceed 400 900. of whom
than 40 900 have been this pursuit
by the last tariff But this small number of 40 600 would
still have been IN the country, consuming agricultural
products and in the attempt them purchasers,
snail in number and consuming Onehalf the sup
ply many countries. the farmer and planter asked
sacrifice the markets of the world containing population
of eight hundred millions, disabled from purchasing
products by high duties all they would sell in
change The farmer and planter would have the foreign
market also much greater but for the
W partial prohibition Of the last tariff
We have fertile lands than any other nation can
II raise greater variety of products and may be sad
e could feed and clohe the people of nearly all the world
The home market. of ITSELF wholly inadequate cor such
products They must have the foreign MARKET large
surplus accomplished by great depression in price,
e be the result The of Ohio Indiana and Illinois,
if cultivated their fullest could of themselves
raise than sufficient food supply the entire home
Il market.