Mississippi Democrat. (Carrollton, Miss.) 1844-18??, 1845-03-19
OREGON.

Congress. The country Claimed BY the
United States west Of the Rocky noun
tains htween 40 and "a deg's Nerth Ia
tituGe, sufficient TO form seven or eight
States Is large as Mississippi The ae-
count, It Is believed, does not do justice to
the lertility of the country. It's impor-
tauce in a commercial view, as the future
channel to the trade Of the Pacific, and Of
China, is incalculable, and almost beyond
conception:
"This country is divided by its natu-
raj configuntion, into three great regions,
which differ from each other materially in
soil, climate and productive powers.
l. The fist region, or low country, lies /
between the Pacific coast, and a chlin at
mountains INNING near the sea. This
chain has received variety Of names, the
California, he klamat, the Cascade and
the Presidet range, and It's seven highest
peaks have been named after the seven
Presidents rom Washington to Jackson in
succession. These mountains are of con-
siderable deviation, and those who have
travelled Ger them speak in rapiurous
terms of tie wide and magnificent view
which they present. The distance from
the coast tCthe foot Of these mountains IS
in some plces 100 miles, in others less.
The intervening country Is crossed BY lOw
ridges, between which are yallieS drained
by rivers lowing into the Pacific and the
! Columbia Of the two which empty into
the Columbia, the Corwihtz has beer but
partially raced; the Southern, the Noun
tain, or Yalamei, has been traced 200
miles, thrugh valley said 10 he the most
delightfuland fertile part OF North Ameri-
ca. The climate Of this region Is more
fayorabIeto agriculture than that Of the
other parls of Oregon. The summer Is
warm and dry. Snow Is rarely seen II the
valleys, and the ground Is very seldom fro
zen, 50 that ploaghing may be carried on
during the whole winter. Wheat, barley,
rye, peas, aFp!es, potatoes are raised; kor-
SEES and cattle succeed tolerably well
The growth Of timber on the uplands j.
enornpus,-fa- surprising in thickness
and size any forest known in the United
States, There are extensive Proiries ex-
ceedinsly fertile and above inundaiion.-
. Travellers describe fir and pine trees
growing here Of gigantic size. Ross Cox
mentions a FIR near Astoria, 46 feet IN
circumference, l53 feet high before reach
f ing a tFanch, anu 800 feet in its whole
{ height Another stands on the banks OF
the Unqua, rs feet in circumference. and
: 2l5 feet high below It's branches Sound
, pines rom 200 to $50 feet high, are by 10
means uncommon.
: 2. The middle region Of Oregon les
; between the President range and the Blue
: Mountains, a chain extending through the
whole erritory north and south, conside-
e rably b,oken, and made up of steep and
rocky mountains, generally volcanic, and
;. some OF them covered with eternal snow.
i Ii is moe elevated and less fertile than The
r low colntry. The soil IS a sandy clay
!, covered with grass, small shrubs, ana
/, prickly pear. Timber IS scarce, the tree:
/. are small and OF useless wood. The eli
mate isagreeable and salubrious. Their,
is little snow, especially in the southern
e yaIlies. Few attempts have been made a
cultivation, and these are represented bl
$ travellers as not very successful. The
!. agriculture, it is said, must always be limit
T ed TO the wants of pastoral people -
: The region, though poorly adapted to iill
: ing, is one Of the best adapted for grazing
i in the world. II is in this section that al
: the horses for the supply of Indians an'
0 traders are raised, and often a single In
d dian owns hundreds Of them. Mr.. Wyeth
b a judicious traveller through this section
y deems it, for producing hides, tallow. beei
: &c. superior to any part Of North Americu
J Sheep might be raised TO any extent, an
l. it is one of the heallhiest countries in ID
d world.
y 8. The third division is the high coun
g try lying between the Blue Mountain
n on the west. and the Rocky Mountains o.
d the east. The southern part IS q deser
a OF steep rocky mountains, deep narrOV
e valleys and wide sandy plains. The di.
L tinguishing features of this region are il
0 extreme dryness, and the great diferenc
l. in the temperature between the day an
night. Il seldom rains: there Is very ltd
snow in the valleys IN winter, and no mou
! ture is deposited IN dews. A differenc
), of forty degrees in the thermometer, b
: tween sunrise and noon, is not uncommon
The surface is besides SO strongly impres
:. mated with salt as 10 render cultivatio
= impossible. In this region are he chi
branches of the Columbia, the norsherI
most rising near the 54lh, and the sonsl
ernmost near the 42d parallels of latitud
There are many lakes in this sectiol
some Of which communicate with the G
g lumbia, and Others having no outlet a
Is salt. The largest of tho salt lakes
Lake Youta, Of which the situation n