The North-Carolina standard., 1845-05-14


no means so difficult of ingress as has been repre-
sented. Those enjoying the exclusive commerce
have PrUbabtys cherished anaimPressiunssof
bic 10 It's continuance, growing out Of the ineoHa-4
EP}ese surveyed Lieutg BIoughtpn, made under the
orders of Vancouver, in 1892 It is true, that
there IS bar extending across the river at either
extremity of which are at times, appalling break
ers but it is equally ffue that il offers, at the low
est tides depth of t~enty-ohe feet Of water, Ithe
tide rising eight feet twice tWept yfour heurs,l
throughouta Passages exempt from them; OF nearly
league In width. The Blossom, carrying more
guns than the Ontario, encountefed d ehahge of
wind while in the channel, was compelled to let
60 the anchor and when again weighed, TO tack
and beat, 10 order to reach the harbpr yet found
greater depth, and met with no difficulty ether
then oEon leaving thebays ThesHrFey HarkedC
may be relied on for It's accuracy. The bearings,
distances, and soundings, were taken by Captain
Hickey, who was kind enough to lend himself to
the examination, and 10 furnish me with this re-,
sut II is the more Interesting, as 1t shows that,
with the aid of buoys, the access 10 vessels ofaE
most any tonnage may be. rendered secure. In
addtion+o this it is susceptible Of entire defence,
because ship after passing the BAR in order to
avoid the breaking ofthe sea on one Of the banks,
is obliged to bear up directly for the knoll forming
the cape, at all times to- approach within short
distance of its base, and most frequently then to
chor: Thus, small battery erected on this point,
in conjunction with the surgeson the opposite side,
would so endanger the approach as to deter an
enemy, however hardy, from the attempt This
outlet the only one between the Ssh and SD de-
grees of north latitude, EMBRACES the entire range
of the country from the ocean to the mountains,
and its interior unites the advantage of a water
Communication thFeughont, bymeans of the many
streams sribulafyto the Columbia, two of which
disembogue opposite te-each other, within twenty
five leagues oftte port, naVigabte, and nearly
OF equal magnitude with this beautifuFriver.
4. In opening. a communication between the
Valley of the Mississippi snd the Pacific Ocean.
This was the object of Mr.. Jefferson in sending
out Lewis and Clark to explore the line ofthe
Missouri and Columbia rivers. That great man,
always intrnt upon benefting the human race, had
conceived the grand idea of a commercial inter
course with India upon this line Of communication.
But Lewis and Clark were explorers, without
guides, and often fell the, most difficult and cir
cuhous routes Subsequent ad venturers haYe been
more successful. In passing the Ridge of the
Rocky Mountains, Lewis and Clark wandered IL
or 1900 miles, over rocks. precipiccs and noun
tains, in getting from the Falls OF Missouri todhe
Forks of Clark's River; points which are only
100 miles apart, and between which there is
well-beaten Indian and Buffalo road, over good
ground, and through country .abounding with
grass, game, and horses In fact, there is no diff
6culty in any Of the route. The furs takcH in the
Rocky Mountains will desc, nj the Columbia 10
the Pacific Ocean, aud thence cross The sea to Chi
M The same vessel can bring a return cargo of
East India goods, and can ascend the Columbia
10 the head of tide water, 1873 miles The Great
Falls can be passed by portage of 400 yards on
the left bank. and f2OO on the right; bot, during
the periodical foods, in the months of April May,
and June they can be passed without any portage
al ALL. Vessels may be lifted over the fall by a
vast lock, neither made nor filled BY the hands Of
man. Dir. B. explained this phepornenon-one of
the most grand and striking in the works Of na-
ture. The Great Falls had pitch ofthirty eight
feet perpendicular. Immediately below The river |
spread ont into basin Of three miles diameter |
The river issued from this basin threngh chan
mel narrower than that by which it entered The !
consequence was, that, in every annual food, the
basin filled up; the rehuept current rolled back |
upon the Fa1l, buried it. and presented four feet Of
smooth water, where in the absence of the food |
there was pitch of thirty-eight. The passage
through the mountains was free from difficulty. |
Fer eight months in the year, snew~ands ssleighs |
could be relied upon = From the feot of the meuu-
tans issued the Missouri rive r navigable, without
the slightest obstruction, TO its junction with the
Mississippi two thousand FIVE hundred and seven
five measured miles. MIR. B. then advertcd to
two circumstances, which would facilitate the in-
PRODUCTION ofthe East India goods upon the line
ofthe Columbia and Missouri rivers: first the
goods 10 be introduced were OF little weight, small
bulk, and great value; secondly. the river to be
ascended was, short, the one to be descended was
ong. And he expressed the most confident be-
lief, that within one year after the occupation of
he Columbia, the rich, productions ofahe East I
Indies would flow into the valley ofhe Mississip- IS
oi, upon this new and truly national route, IL
5; But the greatest of all advantages to be de- S
lived from the occupation ofthis country is in the
exclusion OF foreign powers from it, ii is coun-
ry too great and too desirable to remain longer
Without civilized inhabitants In extent soil, and
;limate, it is superior to the old thirteen United
States. In 1894, it was written by HUMBOLDT,
that the banks Of the Columbia invites Europe $
ms to found fine colony there, for It's banks af.
ord fertile land in abundance covered with superb e
imber." In 1906 Russia attempted to eolonize f
but the ship destined for that purpose, and car
ylng the Emperor's chamberlain and ambassador y
o Japan and China, the Count Resanof; missed v
he mouth Of the river, went down upon the coast n
if California and there commenced a settlement T
England now has her iron grasp upon it, and it p
will require vigorous effort of policy and per-
laps of arms to break her hold. Even if foreign c
'owers had no desire to aggrandize themselves b
With this possession, mere adventurers might en- q
er upon it, as H1neas entered upon the Tyber,
nd as our forefathers came upon the Potomac. l
he Delaware, and the Hudson, and renew the r
'henomenon of mere individuals laying the feun. t.
ation of future empire. In the mean time our
President has proclaimed the principle and the v