Iowa territorial gazette and advertiser., 1845-12-27

: o. projection which can only be affnt,
!; ed by increasing burdens on .he ..dome,
9 tic industry" or the Others.
If these views be correct. il remain. !
! inquire how FAR Tie tariff aet Of lS42 !
consistent with them. Tha. manv Of IN
provisions Of that act are 10 violation q
the cardinal principles here laid down, Al
3 must concede. The rates of duty impos
! ed by it on some articles are prohibi.or,
and on others 80 high as greatly 10 dimiin,
ish importalions, and 10 produce a les
amount Of revenue than would be derive,
from lower rates. They operate as "pro
lection merely" 10 one branch of ..domes
tic industry" BY taxing o,her branches.
By the introduction of minimums
or assumed and false values, and b,
The imposition or specific duties, The in
Justice and inequality Of The &C. Of l64:
IN its practical operations on differen
classes and pursuits. are seen and fel,.-
. Many Of the oppressive duties imposes
by II under the operation Of these princi
pies, range from one per cent. TO more
than two hundred per cent. They are
prohlb.ory on some articles, and partial.
ly So on others. and beat most heavily on
articles Of common necessity, and bu,
lightly on articles Of luxury. Il l. 80
framed that much the greatest burden
which Il IMPOSES Is lhtown on labor and
The pSorer classes who are least able 10
bear II, while it protects capital and ex-
emPts Tie rich from paying their Just pro.
portion OF the taxation required for the
support Of government. While i. pro.
tec,s the capital Of the wealthy manufac.
turer and increases his profits, il does no,
benefit The operatives or laborers in his
employment, whose wages have not been
increased by It. Articles of prime mecca.
sny or Of coarse quality and low price,
used by the masses Of the people, are, in
MANY instances. subjected BY il 10 heavy
taxes, while articles Of finer quality and
higher price. or Of luxury, which can be
used only by the opulen,, are lightly tax.
ed. i imposes heavy and unjust burdens
on the farmer, the planter, the CONNER.
cial man, and those Of all other pursuits
except The capitals. who has made his in.
vestmen,s in manufactures. All the great
interests Of the country are not. as nearly
as may be practicable. equally protected
BY il.
The government in theory knows no
distinction Of persons or classes, and
should mol bestow upon some favors and
privileges which all others may no, enioy.
Il was the purpose Of its illus,rious founds
ers to base the institutions which they
reared upon the great and unchanging
principles Of justice and equity. conscious
that If administered in The spiri, in which
they were conceived. they would be fel,
only by the benefits which they diffused,
and would secure for themselves defence
in the hearts Of the people, more power.
ful than standing armies, and all the
means and appliances invented to sustain
governments founded in injustice and op-
preston.
The well known fact that the tariff act
Of l642 was passed by majority Of one
vote in the Senate, and two in the House
Of Representatives. and that some Of those
who felt themselves constrained, under
the peculiar circumstances existing al the
time, 10 vote in its favor, proclaimed its
defects. and expressed their determination
10 aid in its modification on the 6rst op-
portunity, affords strong and conclusive
evidence that it was not intended to be
permanent, and Of the expediency and ne.
cessi,y Of its thorough revision.
In recommending TO Congress reduc-
.ion Of the present rates Of duty, and re.
vision and modification Of the aci Of l842,
| am far from entertaining opinions un.
friendly to the manufacturers. On the
contrary, desire to see them prosperous,
so far as they can be so, without impos-
ing unequal burdens on other interests
The advantage under any system Of indi.
rect taxation. even within the revenue
standard, must be in favor Of the manu-.
featuring interest; and Of this no other in
terest will complain.
recommend to Congress the abolition
Of the minimum principle, Or assumed,
and false values, and Of specific duties,
and The substitution III their place Of Gd
calorem duties, as The fairest and mos.
equitable indirect lax which can be i'm.
posed. By the al Uaiorens principle, all
articles are taxed according 10 their cos,
or value. and those which are Of inferior
quality, or Of small cost, bear only The
just proportion OF the tax with those
which are Of superior quality or greater
cost. The articles consumed by all are
taxed Al the same rate. A system o. ad
UatoTem revenue duties, with proper dis.
examinations and proper guards against
frauds in collecting them, il ii not doubt
ed, will afford ample incidental advan.a.
ges 70 the manufacturers and enable them
to derive as great profits as can be deriv-
ed from any other regular business. II
is believed that such . system, strictly
within the revenue standard. will place
the manufacturing interest on . stable
footing, and inure TO their permanent ad
vantage; while il will as nearly as may
be practicable, extend 10 all the grea. in
terests Of the country the incidental pro.
lection which can be afforded by our rev.
enue laws. Such q system, when onccl
firmly established, would be permanent,
and not be subject 10 the constant com.
plants. seits,ions, and changes which
must ever occur, when duties are not laid
for revenue. but for The ':protecsion mere
IL" Of favored interest.
In The deliberations Of Congress on this
subject, Ills hoped that spiri. Of mutual