New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1845-10-14
Americas Inseifute Fair.

I other ever known. The recelpX "elc w S--N
and the throng was incessani fronSl)>,n the morn
ing until 10 at night
The nr;ncipal events OF the day were the detvery
NJ two addresses: one by Mr.. Craig Of Virginia
and the other by Mr. Ely Moore of this city
Mr. CRAIG said, after few appropriate introouo
tory remarks in relation the hostility OF the SCUM
10 proper protection for American Industry ~
and south Carolina especially. that the nrst Con'n
grown in the United States was grown IN 'ifsln'"
the first manufacture of Couon in this country y
virunis lady near relative Of George wasnlns -
was YES, pattern and was presented 20 r1e ~ The
son Much applause I r.,ois.. and eighty years
80 sou,b Carolina exported to Ens,aha o-I IO,yyo
/ nso,,nss Of ain (he did not say "ne1Hei nua;
or no and yet the stronses. 60 yi,@inia md son
90, Wanufactures now came rom virginia anu 1ou.H
We, he was pleased TO say that although Ia
lao there were only 269 Cotton hahuac'oIes 70 ,he
slave states there were no" o'si ~ VI lneI. pn
4 -~.sad .n.iarseJ And in a few years the southern
r,II5 manufacture all the cotton and vooles
eods that they could consume. North Csrolins has
Seen silently but necessarily az WORK until she nas
,.bi.hed cotton WOODEN iron and paper manufactured
IN almost every town in the State. few years ago !
Va. an offence punishable with heavy fine. 70 establish
a factor in Charleston, :. C. that worked with
s,esm power; now that law 10 repealed. and cOmps
nv with 300 900 capital estab.shinga Cotton Manu-
factory that very city And there are . OF 81 Cotton
Manufactures Ia Georgia
Mr. CRAIG went on 10 speak Of the vast improvement
in the Agriculture on the lsnds in Virginia and other
States since Northern farmers had begun 10 settle on
them and EXPRESSED bis firm conviction that the day
would soon arrive when NewYOrk would no longer be
the around which the intelligence and energies Of
Artisans and men Of scence would revolve but that ey
cry city in the Union would hold Annual Exhibitions
equal in skill and spendor 10 the one which now glad
dened their eyes when from Passamsquoddy to the
Gulf there would be other rivalry bu, good will peace
aud prosperity and the prosecution Of those works tna
he f,pie rich ipts
The exhibition OF Dahlas was then pronounced upon
there 10 lots of % each selected the most beautiful
of which were Thorbuns Cleopatra the bulb Of wnlcn
cost al0) Dodds Harlequin. bis Admiral Stopiord Nihl
La Tour du Auvergne, Alba Purpurs. Cheliennam
Queen Hero OF Stonehenge Indispensable White ana
La Lone The whole OF this was under the admirable
management of Mr. Brdgeman.
In the evening Mr. Ely MOORE made brief and very
good address. After few preliminary remarks he
spoke OF the period when artists and artisans were RANK
ed the lowest classes IN society and tnet mus te
spirit of emulation among the Assyrians and babylon
ans was stifed In Greece under the dynasty OF the
Kings artists and artisans had no encouragement and
not until sturdy Democracy arose that the aris
fourished and a skiliful artist was considered oil
~ much importance 10 the community as wise
Statesman or skilful General. Ii was to this
high appreciation Of artists that Greece owed tne
greater part, II not all OF her glory. Appause) VINO
can ponder over past history without being deeply I'm
pressed with the importance OF the arts 10 the ciyza
ton and happiness Of man Where, amid tbs darkness
Of the middle ages spirit OF Intelligence liberty
and Teflnemputf w no taught lnt
Of industry instead of dleness Who nsled the love Of
Commerce into otherwise isolated people Who lit
up the glorious love of civil liberty amongan ensaved PEG
pie That spirit emanatng from artisans, which de-
mapded written guarantee for civil rights That spirit
which demanded that all who WELD power should be
responsible TO the people for all their acts And THIS go
nous spirit emanated from the free cities OF Europe,
founded and enriched solely by Mechanics and trades
men Immense spplause) Who provided and still
provide the Of large cities with the rch
freghts 10 carry all corners Of the eahf Aruzans,
mechanics and agricultural aborers (Appause) IL was
these that fret gave the check TO arbitrary power
these that naughty barons looked tor power and
protection Hence arose that noble third power OF
realm that infused freedom into the constitution Of every
civi lied people. loud applause)
Mr. NJ continued,-But in order to value the arts
properly must contemplate man in state OF Ma
tJre We find him there with grovellng nstnets--low
desires the bis food his covering the skin OF
beasts cavern his dwelling the earth his couch and
rock his pillow And lie TO the mechaRic arts alone that
is indebted for comfort and civilization. (Appause)
What progress would astronomy have made without the
aid Of the telescope chemistry without the assist
lance OF the retor and receiver surgery without the
knife and csuery agriculture, without the spade
the hoe. &c.
Mr. NJ. went on to speak Of the Bosjemsn and Esqui
maux-ther powers Of nature being equal. and yet the
latter had greatly the advantage Of the former owing 10
the even small knowledge he had Of the mechanic arts
he had his boat and his bow whilst the Bosjemans is
Of all had enjoyed transition for ages but sres
and sons lived and died alike degraded.
Hppocraies, and Strabo aud others had thought that
climate produced all these differences In attanments
civil scientific, &c.-ohcrs had other theores-whils
Baye more properly attributed these differences po
tical interests. These do much, but their influence is
partial when compared 10 that of the mechanic
Where these cultivated is civilized in proper
ton where they unknown man is brute. What
man TO- he is by the influence OF the arts.
Mr.. NJ then alluded TO the wonderful and rapid pro-
gress made by the pioneers OF the West In introducing
high OF civilization among the regions recently in
habited by savagcs that this effected solely by the
mechanic aris-the saw and grist mis-the trap-the
rhe--hammer-saw, &c.-the wheel and loom and
that without these those hardy pioneers would have
turned disappointed and Borrowing from wilderness
which they have made to blossom the rose. ZAP
plsuse) The fret settlers Of this country much de
pended the mechanic arts do upon the light and
heat of the sun.
The of Printing essential TO the advance
Of all truth than all other (Applause) Under
its influence the march OF mind secure and unembar
rassed but where the press sheds its light all is
darkness and gloom. The discovery of the mariners
compass ranks next to printing in importance, and ii
longer takes 10 years 10 90 from yum 10 the Island Of
Ithaca and the mariner has safer guide than OH
(Which he pronounced Ho un) and Arcturus With
out this here the wild fox would st have made his den
and the red man his habatiop.
Mr. NJ also spoke OF the value Of the Steam Engine,
and added THAI neither the press the compass the en-
CINE could be produced without the aid OF the common
mechanic. But no arts, useful or elegant can flourish
without freedom lie denied that under the Ptolemies
Of Egypt the Augustuses of Rome, or the Louises OF
France. the arts ever hOurshed well among the
stormy Republics Of Greece That the tower on the
plain of Shnar-the palaces OF Babyon-the temple OF
Canac-the sepulchres OF Gournathe tombs a, Thebes
the pyramids-ths statues OF ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS all
nothing compared the productions Of the democra
cy of Greece and Rome That when Constantine wished
to adon the arch at Byzaniium. he obliged tear
down one Of Trsjsns at Rome 10 sdorn ii with.
Mr. NJ concluded by saying that the greatest efos OF
the ruman mind have been elected under republics
that nations freedom and It's genius rise and fall
geiherhat her talent and her liberty decline and fall
iato one common grave. applause There
80 lair field, where the physical and intellectual pow
ors Of man had good chance for development, in
our own country and in our own time
To foster this the American Institute was formed and
all honor should be given 10 those who have gener
ousy sustained it. To the forecast patriotism and ntei
gence OF OF its officers the country much indebted
for the many beautiful specimens Of and skill which
facilitate labor economist time and increase production
And when we reflect that all this Is accomplished by
their exertions must hail them enlightened patri.
ots and public henefsctors. applause The progress
in these arts evidence conclusive OF the progress
moral and social OF our and that which lays them
low, lays equally low the progress OF the improvement
and happiness of mankind.
Mr.. Moore. who had evidently committed his speech to
memory, much spplsudes and barring a few physi-
cal defects and harshness Of voice which CRATES on
the ear, gave great satisfaction.
NORTH AMERICAN PHALASX.-Nlsny inquiries
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