Mississippi Democrat. (Carrollton, Miss.) 1844-18??, 1845-10-15

ing of cotton has been carried 10 the great.
est state of perfection, and where he en-
gagged ten Americans who had been EN-
ployed in experimenting cotton estates in
that section of the Union Tor several years
They we're well recommended by most
respectable planters. They left with the
agent for India, via England, and took
with them large quantities of the best
American cotton seed, agricultural imple-
ments, colton-glns, presses, &c.
The planters were engaged at an ave.
rage selary of about E3OO each, with an
allowance Tor subsistence of ElO0 more.
Ear h entered into contract to remain in
such parts of India as the government
should point Out. OF the ten persons thus
engaged, three after the first year returned
home, being paid their salaries up 10 the
time of leaving, but were left to bear their
own expenses home; while according 10
the agreement, those who remained FIVE
years were 10 have all the expenses borne
from America to India, and from thence,
al the expiration of the service, back 10
the United States. Seven of the party
remained 10 the end of their engagement
-one of whom is Mr.. T., who has just
arrived in the Zenobia.
He says, on reaching India, their party
were distributed to different parts of the
Indian empire, in order that the expert
meni might be tested in reference to The
different soIls and varieties of climate in
that vast empire.
One (Mr. T. was placed at Calpee, in
the district of Bundelcund. Another was
stationed at Goruckpore, under the Napal
hills; another in Dooab; another was 10
Gated in Soomapore; another at Humea-
pore, in the province of Banda; another
at Raatch, in Bundelpore; others in COIN.
batore and at Surat, on the western side
of the peninsula.
After experimenting year or two al
each place, without prospect of success,
they were changed to other localities, so
as to give every district in India, as far as
possible, trial. Mr.. t. was changed
from Bundelcund to Rungpore, North In
dia-near the base, and in full view of the
Himalaya mountains, which were covered
with perpetual snow. Others were chang
ed to DahWar, in the southern Mahratta
country.
The American planter placed at Raatch,
during a rebellion which commenced with
the Decoyls, (robbers,) had his premises
attacked, his houses sacked and burnt,
barely escaping with his life and the clothes
he wore.
In every part of India, where the Anne
ricans tried the cultivation of cotton, and
endeayored to instruct the natives in the
best mode of culture, they most signally
failed! Those who remained used every
exertion to succeed, as they were liberal
~ paid, having every facility granted that
they could ask, with the expectation of be-
ing literally rewarded if they succeeded
Mr.. L. thinks the two great and insup.
rable difficulties, in the way of cutivating
cotton in India, are attributable to the two
great extremes of DRY and WET WEATHER,
either of which is peculiarly fatal to cot
ton. During the continuance of the rainy
season, the cotton plants grow with I'M
wonted luxuriance and rapidity, 10 be as
suddenly checked and cut off by the in
tense heat OF the sun. viii h pours upon
them during the succeeding season. When
the dry weather SETS in, the sun ripens the
bolls prematurely, when apparently not
more than half grown, while the leaves OF
the plant are crisped and burnt TO brown
color by the intensity of the solar heat.
In lower Bengal, the rainy season COM
mences late in May, and continues till
October. In central India, the rainy sea.
son begins about the middle of july, and
lasts till from the lst to the 18th Of Sept.
/ In lower Bengal, as much as rs inches
of rain usually fall in twelve months. Ia
central India, no crops can be anticipated
with much less than l3 inches of rain.-
Eleven inches never fails TO result in a
famine, which is dreadful in lis effects up.
on the natives.
In addilon TO the uncomfortable diff
cuties OF the climate, the cotton plant i.
exposed to the fatal attacks of destructive
insects. There is one, which lays an egg
in the flower OF the plant. Before the
boil natures. the worm forms within it
which leeds upon the green and tender fl
bres OF the cotton, eating out all the cot
ION within the boil before it natures; leav
ing only lock or two in some bols OF
pods. while, ia others, not fibre is left
i In some parts of India, il is also subject Il
the alta, ks OF white ants, which cut dowl
the plants while young. or attack the
young pods, and cut them off.
Il All that The Americans, could do, will
their best exertIon. only enabled them 4
raise, on the average, about ten pounds 0
clean cotton to the acre from the bes
Il American colton-seed, and only seventl
pounds of clean cotton TO the acre iron
naive India cotton.seed.
il Mr. L. before leaving Mississippi to g
to India, superIniended a cotton estate nea