The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1845-05-24

the flame Of the unextinguished FIRE. Guelphus vi
also sustained his nephew, the Lion Henry, against
the Emperor Conrad. The Lion Henry afterwards
came into Italy assist Frederic Barbarossa IN the
conquest of Lombardy; but the Emperor, compelled
by the Mianese to Ay beyond the Alps, attributed
the failure of his enterprise TO the ueachery OF his
Guelphic general. A war Of determination ensued,
which was terminated only by the submission OF
the brave Guelph at the feet OF the naughty
Frederic. Although, therefore, Al was not until
the time Of Frederick III, that the name of Guelph
and Ghibbeline was known in Italy, yet the birth
of those factions is much more ancient II is true,
in general sense, as stated by John VILLAIN, that
they who called themselves Guephs loved the gov
eminent Of the church and Of the Pope and that they
who called themselves Ghibbelines loved the gov
eminent Of the empire and favored the Emperor and
rator, that the Guelphs were called those who did
not wish any master in Italy, whether they were, or
were not, adherents of the Pope.
II thus appears that, from the dissensions and
quarrels ofthe Henrys, emperors of Germany, and
the powerful house of the Guelphs, especially alter
its Inheritance had passed into the family of Este
these factions had their origin Two sources of dis
sension existed between these families: LIST, both
were powerful; Cd, their estates adjoned. The
dissensons between the Emperor and the Sovereign
Pontiff in which the house of the Este-Guelphs fa-
vored the Pope, widened the breach, made the dis
sensions moro furious, and spread the flame into
italy, Conrad called the Sale Emperor of Ger
many, was, as have shown, in 1924 either born in
the CASTLE or was lord of the fortress, of Wblngn
Tor as the Italians wrote it, Gulbelinga, situated in
France, on the confines of Swabia. From this fact,
not only Conrad, but his descendants, the Henrys,
Emperors Of Germany, had the title of Guibelinga
As the inheritance Of the Guelphs passed into the
family of Este, by the marriage Of Azzo H. Marquis
of Este, with Conegondu, daughter of Guelphus a,
SO that of the Henrys of Weiblingen reverted to
Frederick and Conrad, Dukes Of Swabia, by way Of
Agnes, their mother, sister of Henry V, who was
the last of his race and died without sons. Against
these two princes, Henry Nv, of the Este Guelph
family, Duke Of Bavaria and Saxony, having united
with his father-in-law, carried on bloody war, and
exerted all his power to distress and destroy them
But Conrad, when he had reached the imperial
throne, stripped Henry of the dnchy Of Bayarla in
hicied upon him other retaiatory losses, and by
his hostility kept Guephus vi and the Lion Henry
almost always in arms against his power.
In the year 1859, Conrad iii, who had sat upon
the imperial throne for fourteen years, approached
the period of his dissolution. Before his death, he
counseled the Princes Of Germany to elect, as his
successor, Frederick Barbarossa, ESQ called from
the color of his beard, son of his brother Freder
ck ], the squint-eyed Duke Of Swabia. The recon-
mendation Of dying king, who thus preferred a
mature and vigorous nephew to his own son, yet of
tender years, had vast influence with the electors
of the empire. To postpone the rights of his own
offspring to the claims of more distant relative
could only have proceeded from sincere regard for
the peace and welfare Of his kingdom. Frederick
Barbarossa, although endowed with great abilities,
stained with fragrant vices. In addition to his
own merits and the Recommendation of his uncle
accidental circumstances contributed TO promote his
election. His elevation it was thought would either
put sleep, wholly extinguish, the intestine fac
lions and discords which at that time distracted Ger
many, and which was soon destined to tear the
bowels of unfortunate Italy. But although Freder-
lex Barbarossa was man of heroic maXims and no
vulgar sentiments, yet his subsequent persecution of
the Lion Henry leads to the suspicion that he had
always nourished the natural and hereditary antpa
thy Of his ancestors against the EsteGuelphs When
we reflect that he was not exempt from human
passions, which usually stronger in heroic than,
in ordinary breasts, and that the seeds of hatred
sooner later grow in the hearts of most if not the
best of men, especially when We remember that he
prince polite in his designs, and ferocious in
their execution, we may safely agree with Muratori,
that there is sufficient ground for the suspicion.
However this may be, il is certain that the old
strife and ancient quarrels between the Guelphs and
again broke forth II is also probable
shat the friendship and support given secretly by
Henry the Lion to the Pope, may have been the
of the furious hostility Of Frederick Barbaros
sa; although, to preserve friendly footing with the
Sovereign Pontif, that polite Emperor covered his
resentment beneath the cloak Of other pretexts II is
certain that Henry always professed great attachment
and reverence for the Holy See, and it is quite prob
able that he sustained the cause of Pope Alexander
ILL., against the anti-popes raised up in those times
by Frederick Barbarossa. Although, from dread of
the hostility of the Emperor, he obliged to con-
ceal his Partially for the Pope, yet, as have al
ready hinted he refused TO assist in person, Fred
erick against the supporters of the church in Lon-
hardy. Among the accusations brought against
Henry, was that he had assisted the enemies Of
Frederick in Italy; that is the Pope, whom it was
IN As hofh If these r,nu ,arf,u
princes possessed friends and adherents this side
Of the Alps their discords helped root differences
of opinion even in Italy. Those differences display
ed themselves more particularly in those provinces
which, in those times, were governed by Guelphus v
and Guelphus W. These princes, by their liberalty,
piey, and gentle government, had acquired the afec
lions of the people, and especially of Tuscany Thus
these factions, originating in Germany, certainly as
early the reign of Frederick /, and perhaps ear
er exhibited themselves in Italy; and finally, about
the year 1911, and during the disprtes which took
place between Frederick III and Ohio Nv, Emperor,
Of the Este-Gnelph family they not only ragged in
Tuscany, the dominion of the Guelphs, but burst
forth even in the cities Of Lombardy. The origin
Of those disputes it may not be unnecessary to ex-
plain. In the year 1909, Ohio Nv, of the house of
Este-G uephs, having received the imperial crown
rom Pope Innocent I'll, and having shortly after
wards incurred his hatred, was excommunicated
md deposed by that aspiring pontif. Against
)tho who defended himself with valor, the court of
Rome opposed Frederick III, King Of Sicily, and
,epbew of Frederick |; assisted him in so many
orms, with its influence and power, that he pro-
eeded into Germany, was elected King of the Ro-
mans, and, after the death of his rival, in 1920 OBJ
aimed the imperial crown and title. The dscord of
hese princes drew on that of the Italians: Pisa Mi
an, Parma, and Bologna, adhered to Ohio; Genoa,
oaria, Cremona, the Marquis of Monteferato, and
he Pope, declared for Frederick. Although the
iuelphs were sometimes called the party Of the
nnrquises-that is, marquises of Este-yet il is
ibundanty proved by Muratori that, between these
fval monarchs, the house of Este itself was divided.
)tho was the son of Henry, the famous Duke of
Bavaria and Saxony, and was thus descended in the
male line from the house of Este and in the female
rom the Guelphic princes Of Germany. Frederick
II in the female line was descended from the Illus
rious family of the Ghibbelines. The Mlanese
nourished an especial hatred against him, because
their city had been destroyed by Frederick |. The
Roman ponffs, who, aier the deposition Of his RI
val, had elevated him to the empire, complained of
his iEgratitude for the benefits they had conferred
,eo.,. IN hold him in illumination and mad