The New York herald., 1845-10-23

lnurCn.
This briei vew--which We nave gathered merely
IN conversation-ot the singular condition, social,
moral literary and religious, OF the Chinese people,
will suffice to show how interesting the full eluclda
tion of all these matters will be to the people of the
United States, particularly when il is borne in mind
that in short time we may expect direct inter-
course between this country and China, through the
Southern Pass of the Rocky Mountains, and by the
way OF San Francisco, through California or the
Oregon River. 1t is we'll known that our govern
ment, while it recognizes Supreme Being, and the
truths generally of Christianity, secures to all sects
perfect liberation, long they conduct themselves
peaceabe citizens in obedience to the laws. This
is precisely the system Of the Chinese government
only it is under autocracy, whilst here it is under
democracy. But in another point OF view, there is
a singular resemblance in the operation of the hu-
man mind in both countries in religious affairs.
We have in this country very ancient sect OF re.
ligion, the Hebrew, which dates further back than
any other, and is distinguished by many peculiar
characteristics. In China similar sect exists in
the followers of " Laou Tsz" And again, the Uni
tarians, and philosophers, and deists, and literary
men, correspond precisely with the disciples Of Con-
fucius and, singulary enough, the governments OF
both countries chiefly composed of that sect, as
all our politicians unbelievers But again, in the
great religion of the masses here-whether Catholic
or Protesant-with its ceremonies, and observances,
and creeds, and long articles OF faith and practice,
we have a counterpart Of the religion Of Budda.
Such are some views, cursory and desutory, which
occur to us, and which will be brought OUT with
graphic power and effect the lectures OF DR. Her
nisz. The language-arts-philos NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.
commerce-socal manners of the Chinese, will all
be fully described We can have no hesitation in
saying that these lecuse will be the most original,
striking and interesting delivered in this city
TARIFF CONVENTION is proposed to hold
tariff convention in Pennsylvania for the purpose of
counteractng the influence of Mr.. Folks admins
traton, which is now supposed to be In favor OF
reduction of the present tariff Slngularly enough,
this proposition for general national convention
comes from some Of the democratic organs In Penn
sylvania, and very probably originates with Mr..
Buchanan, one of the members of the Cabinet, who
takes this method Of counteracting through move
ment Of the people, the influence of his anti-tarif
colleagues such as Mr.. Walker. Again, this con-
vention may be regarded as a counterpart to that
now assembled at Memphis, in Tennessee, and to
which Mr.. Calhoun has been sent as delegate.
The Memphis Convention meets for the purpose OF
consulting on measures for the advantage Of the
Southern and Western States, such the construc-
ton OF railroads, but doubt it will have paricu-
lar action in reference the tariff, which affects
Southern interests. The Pennsylvania Convention.
now proposed, is Of an entirely opposite character.
1t will be assemblage Of all those in favor of
high tarih-a protective tarlf-and will endeavor TO
combine all the interests of the Northern and East
em States against the influence of the Memphis
Convention.
Both conventions originate, it would appear, in
the democratic impulses of different sections in the
country-0ne in the South, and the other in Penn
sylvania, The effect of such popular movements on
such important subject will be singulary delete
nous TO the organization and harmony Of the demo.
cratic party and may, indeed, lead to entire dis
ruptlon OF the democracy throughout the Union
We have no doub. that the Pennsylvania Couven-
ton will be concurred in by all the tariff men in
New York and New England, who will make pro-
dgious effort to outrival, out-number and produce
greater influence, than the men associated in the
Memphis Convention movement
EXTRAORDINARY TRp OVER THE ATLANTIC =
There has lately been remarkable trial of speed
over the Atlantic, which has resulted in a most
markable manner. 1t will be recollected that new
line Of steam packets has recently been started into
existence to run between New York and Liverpool.
The first of this line, the Massachusetts, built on
the most improved and beautiful model of Boston,
and fitted with the submerged propeller, sailed from
this port on the 10Th ut, the day before of our
crack packet ships, the Yorkshire, left. The Mas
sachuseus attracted universal attention here and al
Boston, and leaving about the same time with the
Yorkshire, in charge Of Capt Bailey large bets were
made in favor of steam against wind. We annex
the result.
Ships Left ~ York .4,r at Lireryl
PseIe, PIsap ship y Yofkshs hnss" Is G lax fM oe,s Oct tx
Ii should be understood, Or the sake of fairness,
that the Massachusetts, by the aid of her steam
run Immediately to sea, passing Sandy Hook about 3
O'Clock in the. afternoon; and that the Yorkshire
being towed out, did not clear the Hook till after
o'clock. making difference of four hours in the
start IN favor OF the steamer. And in addition to
this, letter from on board the Massachusetts states
that she had ten days Of calms and light winds, in
which she could use her steam power to some advan
tage, whilst the Yorkshire had no such assistance
But throwing these calms out of the question, and i
appears that the Yorkshire fairly beat the Massachu
sets, from port TO port full eight hours result moi
only fatterlng to Capt Bailey and his ship, but re-
markable IN the highest degree a nautical point o
view. Those who have seen the Massachusetts
and are acquainted with her motive power mus
now have very curious idea of Captain Bailey anc
his swift ship
1t is singular fact in ocean packet navigation
that since the introduction of steam as motiv,
power, the length Of the passages of the canvass
backed" packet ships have been lessened from ter
TO twenty per cent.
The OCEAN STEAMERS The Great Britain vii
not leave TILL Tuesday, the 18th inst consequenc.
ofthe necessary repairs to her propeller.
The Hibernia will sail from Boston on the Isl
proximo
The Great Western is now in her twelfth day, and
will, probably arrive Sunday with weeks late,
news.
The Caledonia left Liverpool on the 18th inst
and is therefore, in her fourth dav.