Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1845-10-03

Ia
Mr T, ib;nks The Two great and insnperap'e
difficulties in the way OF cullivailhS co,.on &c
India. are attributable 10 the two great cAiemu.
M drv and we, weather, either Of wnich .
liarly fatal 10 cotdn During the contihuante m
The rainy season, the cotton plants grow WIN un-
wonlcd uxurance and rapidly, 10 be as sul". GU
IL checked and cut off by the intense neat VI .%
sun. which pours upon them curing inc sucee: :.
ing dry season. When the dry weather se's n ~
The sun ripens the bolls pTemalnrely, @heh opp
reny ne, more than alfgrown, while Inc Ieav. n
OF the plan, are crisped and burnt 70 o'o
color by the intensity OF the solar heal. onces
In lower Bengal, The rainy season coin ~ Con.
late in May, and continues ill October. III III III
,raI India lie rainy season begins about Inc iu1
of july. and lasts ill from The Isl 10 inc io'" =
September. ...hos ~ rain
in lower Bengal, as much as 16 inches o. la ~
usually falls in IL months In Central lno'a' 10 10
crops can be anticipated with much less 'ha"
inches OF rain Eleven inches never iai.s ~ -.
suit in famine, which is dreadful in lis ehec'S up
on the natives. =, ,.,.,,,;es ~
In addition 10 the unconquerable difhculties =,
The climate The cotton plant is exposed othe i"'n'
attacks o. d, siructve insects. There IS one WIZ
laws an egg in The flower oil The plant beioIe ."I
ball natures, The worm forms within Il, WIZ"
feeds upon the green and tender hoies OF lne co'o;
eating out all The cotton within ihe Doll le',". ~ :
m,,nres leaving only a lock or Two in some pol,>'
or n,ds while in others, moi fibre is lett. In
some parts Of India, il is also subject 10 Inc az
racks of white ants, which cut down the plants
while Young, or attack The young pods, anu cu'
them off, ;,h ,he;,
All that the Americans could do, with tneiI
best exeIlons, only enabled them 10 rase, on ,,'e
average. about len pounds OF clean coilon 70 'l's
acre from the best American cotton seed, ana
only seventy rounds OF clean cotton TO Inc acre
from native India cotton seed.
Mr.. T., before leaving Mississippi 10 90 ~ IN
dia. superintendent cotton estate near houne, !,
in that Stale, in 1889, on which ne raisea wv
nine hundred rounds OF clean COTTON 70 'te ae,.
He SAYS, that year nc made me croI, ae.1a 49,
sending 70 market two hundred bales OF coed cot
ION averaging four hundred and my pounus
each from nincly-sx acres of land! What
contrast, this, 10 cropping IN lndia!
MIR f. one of the American colton-Sro"fis
who went 10 India, and was stationed al uofuck-
more. nut two hundred acres in cotton, rom "n'ch
he gathered only Two hundred pounds oil Clean
coon, The most those sent TO Coambore could
do was 10 raise. in a favorable year, two hundred
nonnds of seed cotton 10 the acre-equal 10 ABOUT
fit,y mounds OF clean cotton The most Mr.. l.
could do, was 10 raise he FIRST year, Ten Pouhus
of clean cotton from American cotton seed OF li,c
Mexican variety, Qhe besI,) and seventy pouhn'
of native cotton, 10 the acre. He says The A me'
rican seed carried on, from about Rodney, Ohe
hes, in America decrioIa,ed every year; me
s,apIe or fibre growing shorter, while the yield
grew less.
|, is his firm conviction, tina, if the American
seed be planted over and over again in The same
soil in India, in fire uears il will totally cease &c
mature any cotton whatever! He also says, by
changing il 10 other districts, it may be made &c
yield something few years longer but woulf
ultimately run out.
He THINKS The resources of British India great
" overraed, and that lis produce OF all Kinds i
growing less; accompanied with an immense
diminulnn Of the Indian Government revenues
which like the parent powcr) Is immensely II
debt and, like her, has gone largely into banking
and ioaning operations. Paper issues are afloa
all over India, put in circulation with little hope
of Intimate or future redemption.
The Afghan and other recent wars have added
10000 900 rupees (abont 100000 dollars) 10 the
Indian Government debt. During Mr. 7. resi-
deuce there, they issued loan of 100000 ru
PEGS, al 5 per cent, having other large outsand
ing loans made al per cent. The tact is there
is no Government which has been so wastetuy
and extravaaantly managed as the Indian Go
vernment The most enormous salaries have
been paid TO its public officers from The governor
district.
Reckless and oppressive exaclions from the ma
tives on the one hand, with the mos, wasefnl ex-
penditures on the other have marked The pro-
gress OF the Indian government from The days Of
Lord Give and Warren Hastings, down 10 the
present time. Under such management, since
The monopoly ofihe Government has been broken
commercial features at leasl, the case seems 10 be
that India presents more or less The character d
a squeezed orange-liltlc else being left beyond
the rind; while there is danger of the government
termed the honorable ompany'-becomns ir.
retrievaby and hopelessly bankrupt! When the
English first obia ned sway over The country, they
found it fall OF The accumulated treasures of ages
which they have succeeded in removing from The
country, while reducing its owners TO species d
bondage worse than that endured by The A fricar
race in any part OF The world For, be il known
thai they deprived the conquered Hndoos OF al
title 10 the land on which God had placed then
without treaty or other means than the sword
They claim one.half Of all the rice or other pro
duee raised by the natives, as a land-lax or rent
Mr.. T. tells us, that when less than Il inches
OF rain falls in central India, there is a famine
BY reason of tie failure OF the rice crop which is
almost The only food OF the natives. The govern
ment makes no allowance for the failure OF croJ
but eniorces the collection of lis dues from heat
renters, (who hire land and employ natives o
the country and villages 10 work i) Just The sam,
as if no failure had occurred
He says these iamines have kind of periodi
Cal recurrence, once in seven or eight years
That during the last most severe famine in 1887
many thousands expired from absolute starvation
That in some portions OF India, TO enable then
10 meet their Government dues, and obtain sub
siscn G, they were forced 10 sell out their callle
and every other thing they possessed The,
would cut down their trees strip their houses anC
themselves ofclo,hing, and even sell their children
into bondage, in order TO save themselves from
destruction.
He says that India never can become settlcc
with European population, on account OF The
extreme heat preventing their laborins in the oper
held beneath burning sun, without destI ucliun
Such is The overwhelming oppressiveness OF The
heat, that all the travelling is done al night. TIL,
traveller is carried in sedan or palanquin, sup
porled by six OF eight men, who relieve each othe
al The end of every eight or Ten miles. They Sc
off usually al o'clock in The evening, travelling
all night, and until or 10 o'clock next morning
when they lay by for The remainder Of the day. Il
was in This way the American cotIon-growcr.
were carried from one part Of India 10 another
Troops march al night and often fight their bat.
tics al night.
VII 4 tDdt SUCH Is the obstructive cndr-
acler oil The white ant in many paris OF India, they
actually level mud houses in few years-which
are the only kind of houses that ran be used in
the INTERIOR on account Of The scarcity or timber
Machinery made OF wood and carried into The
country after while is liable 10 be attacked by
them and destroyed
Al his station, Bnndelcund, he found The heat
so great as TO be compelled to sleep out OF doors
The common practice in India. In such cases, il
is necessary 10 hire the natives 10 keep watch all
night, al l2l cents each per night, 10 keep of
jackas, hyenas and wolves, with which the Jun
giles abound, and which often venture upon The
abodcs the people in the most ravencus man
ner
When one attempts TO sleep in honse, The heat
is so severe, that il becomes necessary hire Two
natives 10 fan you all night by turns, with con-
trivancc something similar 10 that used for keep.
ing flies from the table in this country which the
natives put in motion by pulling rope on the
outside Of the house.
MIR. T. seems TO think India will continue 10 de-
cline in her resources till England will cease 10