Richmond daily Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1842-1861, 1845-03-24

<Ssersse
cir, sl-ns in the homo OF fathers. rsi, M,
the domestic sinr, at wlish they worsapred We have
longer country, which il worth the Struggle by which
it, freedom, was achieved. .mphatcsliy. cir,
a lone and a country remain us"
will h5r put.ue these rfl-cNoh4. Il WIN rspiitss the
eeiing weh they excite. The Constitution is still
late. IL may yet be preserved. We the brink oi
precipicc. bat tho gulf which yawns beneath open
TO our view Let survey IL steadily, and without dts
may-with the Intelligence and with the calmness too,
which become u remembering the conservative eharac
ter Of tho Senate of the United States.
What Ia u which are required to dot We are here
the representatives already, Of twensx confedeatcd
vereignnes, Joined together in that perfect union
winch was the primary object oi the Constitution
abish SAD perpctuaIc. Our numbers have been. and
may yet be, enlarged. IN the mode which the Constitution
pre.crbss until the OF the Pacific, well OF the
Atlantic, shall wash shores That process slow
satisfy lust ot dominion. The forms OF the Consu
ton nprde our progress empire, and overlesp
Its bound.. Rowing in scattered numbers, amid extended
iofesH, YET nnsubdued by our indusy. ELL, pant Tor
more and Will, ID th,s be e,usummi-d IN the
form which proposed hnSe Frustrated the palladium of
our hbery IN our "Hgeness for the acquisition Of territory
M President. aId npe!sivey called 10 resist what
seems 20 me 70 he manifest usupaton OF power. do
not mean To dcsin you by elaborate argument this
subject Al this stage of the debate have only glcan
where Others have reapej. Gencmen tell that the
solution proposes nothing which the Constitution does
expressly authorze-thot IL provides for the admission o
new STATE, aud that the do given by c Con
the w"rds New States may b" admitted by Congress.
into this Union" Tho senator from Prnu.yi ui-
nmPhsny tells hero the power expressly gwen given
by the very letter vt the Constitution. aud given with
stint. Ii would liui, il, required show the
mitation and auory for imposing IL; Sir Senators
who have preceded me have met this relaision. do
propose To rcracc their steps They have subjected the
eisuse o the Constitution 10 critical analysis. They
have exposed its origin traced history the Convention
shown y"n how, and under what circumstances, IL
modified, and how and with what motive 1t adopted
bV
testimony OF American statesmen, aud by the uninerrup
ed usage at ouE G"vcrnmeni Yes, sir, the position.
confidently announced IA the opening ii tho
Senator hns been already ;eutod. Tbs power been
naiei To the counter spurious issuing from
te constitutional mint.
Still hesr the letter the Constitution the letter OF
the Consultation. 1t Senators. unable snsilin tho pro.
p'si,On.-by the paiu obvious, constitutional import vi tho
terms. 10y reference e. the coHIexto the subject
maer-0r 10 tAc effects and corscguences--or the
reason AMI 'r'' al the rule. or by any o the enlarged
views Of statesmen. could find other shelter for IL
but in the .oiic' of the very instrument it would
violate; COACHED there like in the bark, slowly
surey destroying the stately o the FOREST which gives
IL shelter
Thu. Protected he supnoses. by the letter o tho Con-
stuiioD, the voice of tho Senator from Pennsylvania il
heard prcnulgug another le 'lt allowed % in,.r
pref what as need OF interpretations ST. that rule
quantity Yet strongly expressed and the author apples
II, IS undSniaLls but its epplcaion this controversy
does mach injustice VaiIe what called the lite
raj Interpretation o thus clause, does the trainers the
Consi'u1n Did II escape he Senator, that the ru!e
OF Constitutions Of Government and ihs; rests upon
Prineips. which renders totally inop?iclbe the lat
teri he reason of ths rule, II is slated BY Vauel,
Is this. e" he who could aud ought have expressed him
set clearly, ana fully. has done IT, is worse for him.
lie canno, be allowed introduce subsequent restrictions
which he hiss expressed" Now. III relation 10 treaty
which al instrument executed between parties whose 10
Gisne roHi and sntaconis; 1, each other h,
rule IL obviously JUST bat 1t has, The Senator from Penn
syl'ania being himself Ie Judge hs szaes; ap9ca
lion 10 Constitution OF Government, which expires
BIZ of
In Its Legitimate operation, penalty imposed upon
party Tor nec-etEg To do, what he ought have done II
applied, II Is attempted app here the penalty would
be imposed upon the people, for the negligence Of their
agents. Is ;:'s Democracy Do opponents ,.us
fest their love for tLs Eeppl.l
yieid however, the Senator from Pennsylyana ar
gumeRi graiis the benefit q; tho u.is. dcay that the
power Is TO be iouad in the letter while maintain hst II Is
rePelied by the spirit OF the Constitution Addressing my
self TO the legal mind Of the Senate remind gentlemen Of
the les1 maxim, ga" la ret in ea horef eori;ee and
o another sss sces, hoe ss. reTbg tatre sei
rl &c Poisst1'eas: and tbs :ue - well lain, down.
by eminent uT!st OF "ra. .ea-on and in;en.
uor OF tho iawsyer will control the strict letter OF ha Jaw
when tie a.e; would lead TO paipSJe injustice, couadc-
lion, and sGsI'dy. In9:auces strongly Illustrative OF the
pTo2Tiey OF iils fe given 1y Use Senator VIZ
gins. (Nr. kme-) With these. earlier reading has
20 . iiii iE b iaye rae; with one howe
and 10 which Senator's m3y net ieresoe 1a". sasi a.
cess IL ives the decision ui learned sn;auary whose
voice was formerly hesri ia halls OF CJngress on the
question: whether Ihe manHeTs compass ives known 10 the
ssclen IN giving his opinion, described number Of
which were Ia use in ancient tnes, between
which, and the mariners COMPASS 1t required ANTIQUARIAN
optics 10 ass-l the slightest resemblance and concluded
ty reference which nusa b. considered ne autharl.
lively settling i,e question tue very ieer was found
IN the naT.tSe Ct tie voysge Of ST Paul and HE eoupa
'ns, 20 "hca tho ~Tier spe5ks OF their isr.ying three
days ~ SyTae"s -cf ihcu ads, and from theme. ~.
ie'ehet compass, and came Ehegum" The DECISION in
that case ~ss founded the letter ies: Th, was
Conclusive. Inc compass have been in Syracuse a,
c"Ed no! have been fetched from thence. But had
something mGre than The letter 10 sustain H. IL as
nautical instrument snd ihe parues we've iourncying or
the ~
But ncrs erayey, cir deny hot Ii. power Is given bv
to letter Of tbs Consultation, take the definition of the
word State ieh gvon by Vaiie!, sni quoted by the
senator from PanE'yNsnis and deny necessarily
conveys the meaning which is imputed 10 it, State il
BODY politician association OF united for their com
mon Benefit snd States is bu; multiple of this 1t is
seHsTie term OF which there many species They are
Imperial Gat royal, despoc and simply monarchica ars
ioerac republican, Ger'orra They are dependen, snd
independent foreign and domestic Does the word fqss
IN the Constitution, include oil hese No one viii afEi.,n
thot-bui # not all, which does IL ncune? Sticking 10
the letter. which Is -guay applicable TO ALL how can IL be
applied 10 one rather than ire siherl 1t imports,
have seen bodies OF men politically a.sccaicd but unless
some qualifying term be added. il means nothing
The advocates of this resolution say States means foreign
states, ana therefore they add 10 the Letter OF the Cons
Ton, the qualifying term foreign. Tsy interpolat- not
re. Why may We not soy. 1t domestic, and add
that qualify. term! Why should either of these be add
edin preference TO aSy other OF hc qualifying terms
republican dependent iDde geBosbi The point Of the ar
nsie-thsi only DC rendered certain BY having some
quaihcahJnTfebxed 80 .;i,i the word States in itself
does not convey the idea Of any particular kind o States
foreign o. domestic, necessarily embrace a.! kinds
ihat does NOTICE ss manifest the intention OF the CON.
venlion-hnd therefore tkat Ibis Intention which Is
not eAesscd in the letter tho claus must be sought
elsewhere. We read IN the decalogUc, Thou shalt not
ki-nnd tue penalty Of dsoedience was death; Tor IL y
added, "Ibe land cannot he cloanssd the bod that j.,
shod Ine1sn; but by the blood Of him that shed IT," Now
the word Kill, 'se The word States. generic term
may with proper qualifying preiScI T. IT, he applied
TO every species Of homicide ustsble excuebs and e
ohiJus ~ used IN the deca,oguc, intended 10 en-
brace al lhs-ei The OF Phneias in killing the Mi
daush woman aud her paramount received the direct
probation Of God hinself. Homicide is commanded and
therefore Jn-ihed-is cxcusable and tsr-io's lightly Welt
eds DELIBERATE malicious. and therefore punished with
death Dd the decalOZue conyund these distncursl-
IN The sp Of that bloody code which punished equally
d'shtss aud mufocr, becsuse the first deserved DEATH and
Oi the second, no greater punishment could be devised
did Me decsogGe dsnouree the punishment Of death
against every man who Killed anotisfl We know 1, did
not oni the intention Of the Divine Lawgiver. Is sought
elsewhere thea ~ the letter of that Consii,u,ion
Nj President, think, then am author 1ed 10 .ay ,ts,
The letter OF ihis clause, IN faf depends op,n the
word 5ises, Is 't u1ttrain, aud does not fotbd The 10
Peouon u tho rul,s Of legitimate