The spirit of democracy. [volume] (Woodsfield, Ohio) 1844-1994, 1845-01-31

i CHINESE TREATY.
The SPEAKER also lid before the
House communication from the Presi-
: dent, as follows, accompanied with an
abstract of the treaty lately formed
> with the Chinese Empire:
WASHINGTON, january %, 1915
To the House of Representatives.:
communicate herewith an abstract of the treaty
between the United States Of America and the
Chinese Empire, concluded at Wang Hiya on the
Sd of July last, and ratified by the Senate the
10Th instant, and which, having also been ratified
by the Emperor of China, now awaits only the ex-
E change of rai6cations IN China; from which il will
be seen that the special mission authorized by Con-
gress for this purpose has fully succeeded in the
Accomplishment, SO far, of the great objects for
which it was appointed and in placing our relations
with China on new footing, eminently favorable
to the commerce and other interests ofthe United
States.
In view of the magnitude and importance of our
national concerns, actual and prospective in China
submit to the consideration Of Congress the expe-
diency of providing for the preserva alton and culti-
vaton of the subsistng relations of amity between
the United States aud the Chinese government,
either by means OF permanent minister, or COM
missioner with diplomatic functions, as in the case
of certain of the Mahometan States. 1t appears,
by one of the extracts annexed that the establish
ment Of the British government in China consists
both Of plenpotentiary and also of paid consuls
| for al Gva oF hast tho fifIe aud
exercises the function of consul general; and
France has also salaried consul general; and the
interests of the United States seem, in like manner
to call for representative in China of higher
class than an ordinary commercial consulate.
| also submit to the consideration of Congress the
eSpediency of making some special provision by
law for the security Of the independent and honor
able position which the treaty of Wang Hiya
fers on citizens of the United States residing
doing business in China. BY the twenty-firsl and
twenty-fth articles of the treaty, (coples of which
are subjoned IN ertenso,) citizens of the United
States in China are wholly exempted, as well In
criminal as in civil matters, from the local jursdc-
tion OF the Chinese government, and made amend
able to the laws, and subject to the jurisdiction of
the appropriate authorities of the United States
alone. Some action on the part of Congress seems
desirable, in OF der TO give full effect to these i'm
portant concessions of the Chinese government.
JOHN TYLER.
.4Jsirdct of the treaty.
The annexed is an abstract of the treaty, which,
with other documents, accompanied the above
message:
The preamble sets forth that the United States
of America and the Ia Tsng Empire, desiring to
establish firm, lasting, and sincere friendship be-
tween the two nations, have resolved to fix, in a
manner clear and positive, by means of treaty or
general convention ofpeace, amity, and commerce,
the rules which shall in future be mutually observ-
ed in the intercourse of their respective countries
For which desirable object, the President OF the
United States has conferred full powers on their
commissioner, Caleb Cushing, envoy extraordlna-
ry and minister plenpotentiary OF the United States
10 China, and the August Sovereign of the Tia
Tsing Empire on his minister and commissioner
extraordinary, Tsiyeng, of the Imperial House, a
vice guardian of the Heir Apparent, governor gen.
eral of the Two Kwangs, and superintendent gen.
eral Of the Trade and Foreign Intercourse OF the
Five Ports. ..
Art. l. Provides that there shall be perfect
and universal peace and sincere and cordial anity
between the United States of America and the Ia
Using Empire.
Art. g. Provides that citizens of the United
States resortng to China for the purpose of COM
merce will pay the duties ofimport and export pre-
scrbed in the tariff annexed to the treaty, and no
other duties or charges whatever, and that the
United States shall participate in any future con.
cession granted to other nations by China.
Art. g. Provides for the admission of citizens Of
the United States at the five ports of Kwang-chow,
Hiya-men, Fa-chow, Nng-po, and Shanghai
Art A. Provides for citizens OF the United
States to import and sell, or buy and export, all
manner OF merchandise at the Five Ports.
Art 6. Limits the tonnage duty American
ships to per ton, if over $50 tons registered
burden, and mace per ton if of $50 tons or less.
Also, provides that such vessel having paid tonnage
at one of the Five Ports, shall not be subjected to
pay second tonnage duty at any other of the said
Five Ports.
Art 2. Boats for the conveyance Of passengers,
Sc, exempts, &c., from the payment of tonnage
duty
Art. 8. Provides for authorizing citizens of the
United States liz China to employ pilots, servants,
lnguists, laborers, seamen, and packers for what
ever necessary service.
Art. 9. Provides for the employment and duties
of custom-house guards for merchant vessels of the
United States in China.
Art 10. Provides that securities of vessels shall
deposite their ships papers with the consul, and
make report, &c within forty-eight hours after
their arrival in port forbids tht discharge OF goods
without permit; and authorizes the vessel to dis
charge the whole part only of the cargo, at dis
| hnnn k.,lI.