The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1845-05-20
BY THE SOUTHERN MAIL.
Washington.
Correspondence Of the Hsald.l
yX.curperou I1,b May "a

| Correspondence OF the Henld]
! WASHINGTON, 18th May, lsa5
Mr.. Calhoun and Oregon-Ihe Case Plainly Stated
South Carolina Opposed to the Occupation, and
| Why ?-Ihe Balance of Pocer to be Controlled
by the Trade Of the Pacifc-C California Required
to Divert this Trade to the Sonth-Nerf Session of
| Congressional Office Scates-1he Weather-Mr.
| Blair and Gen. Jackson-Crcnt Comy and Cap
| tain Wakes-John Jones Redipipus-IAe Ethio-
plans, 8c.-Napai Movements-Strangers, &c.
Will Mr.. Calhoun go out as special negotiator to
England, in behalf of "Young America" and Ore
gonl No SIR but he will come back to the Senate
Stopped and superseded in his negotiations with Mr.
Pakenham, by the appointment OF Mr.. Buchanan,
he is not likely now to resume this business. Mr.
Calhoun believed that there but two alternatives
IN the settlement of the Oregon question list, to
suffer the question Of jurisdiction to be settled by
the superior activity Of impulse in the occupation
and settlement Of the country, without disturbing
the compact of Joint occupation. BY this quiet pro-
cess, he calculated that the Hudson's Bay Company
and the de facto jurisdiction of England in Oregon
would, In a few years, be extinguished. I'd, War
This alternative he was anxious to evade and when
his correspondence with the British shall be publish
ed next session, Gas it will certainly be called for by
the Senate,J it will show that he commended Indirect
y for delay, by demanding the unqualified surrender
i OF tIe teIIlOTy, 10 our own boundaries,
by submitting the question arbitration equal
| ly Objectionable to Mr. Pakenham. When Mr. AL
len, in the Senate, proposed during the last days of
| the session, to take up the Oregon bill from the
| it of Messrs. Huger and McDuffe. Had they
voted for taking up the bill, they would have
been called to vote for its passage, which
would have settled the question at once
But the question OF war depended upon it and the
preponderance of the North another important
consideration to the watchful statesman of South
Carolina: That State, we are satisfied. by the
course of Mr. McDufie, from the introduction of the
original Oregon bill of DR.. Linn, down to the close
of the last session, is opposed to the extension Of
power Of the North, in the immediate or ultimate
country would drain largely upon the active, working
white population of the South, and even with the
annexation of Texas, would divert the current of
emigration and settlement against the interests of
Calhoun and Mr.. Buchanan. With Mr. Calhoun,
South Carolina is the first consideration with Mr..
Buchanan, the Presidency. II the retention OF Ore
gon by force OF arms If necessary, will be sccePta-
chanan sees his course plainly defined; MIR. Cal
houn regarded 1t in another light. Would not the
occupation and settlement of Oregon, draw from the
resources Of the South-diveIt still farther the trade
of the world into the ports of the North, either
the Atlantic the Pacific seaboard, and by rapid
accumulation Of political power endanger the slave
systemof the South, PROSTATE her entirely? The
reasoning is correct. Such would be the probable
result even with the acquisition of Texas. Califor-
MIA, therefore, must be had as a counterpoise The
overland journey from the ports Of California to
New Orleans is perhaps not one-thlrd the distance
from the mouth OF the Columbia to St. Louis,
and by far more easy and accessible route.
In the acquisition of California, therefore, the
| South would assuredly command the transit Of the
mighty commerce of China and the East Indies to
the Atlantic States. single glance at the map of
North America is conclusive to this conclusion, and
this result. California in this view would be inf
nitely preferable to Texas, as balancing power of
the South for IT is not In territory, but In COM
merce, where the ascendancy Of the North may be
successfully assailed. But the subject is leading
have Indicated and the results dependent upon
them, however, we regard as comprising the whole
merits of the case
The next session Of Congress will indicate the
cprrectness OF these views and we doubt not
but that decisive action will be had in favor of
Oregon, SO we doubt not but the incipient move
ments will be made for the acquisition of California
as commercial offset.
| Our colleague will have given you the particulars
of the decision in favor of Stevens Co. Of Boston,
for the Post Office scales. There were about 100
competitors on the ground, which at an expense to
each of 500 for travelling, &c, gives ten thousand
dollars expense to private individuals for the public
benefit. But the manufacture of Is or Geo pair of
scales was Job equal to tat office and for every
office OF four or five thousand dollars there is we
| think as great an expenditure.
| The weather continues as sour and suicidal as
November. Office holders, lazy office-seekers lin
gerlng about the hotes-too rainy to walk up TO the
White House-too expensive for the young demo-
crazy" 10 ride. A few OF the old ones went up and
ascertained that the President was otherwise
gagged.
E,r. Blair leaves Immediately for the Hermitage.
General Jackson desires to see him before the last
sands of the Old Chief are exhausted
Next week the Circuit Court of this District re-
sumes its sittings for this county. Samuel Pensyl,
another Marine OF the Exploring Expedition intends
opening a prosecution against Captain Wilkes on
the same indictments for which the gallant Captain
has suffered $500 in the of Dinsman and Baab.
The trial is expected to come of the present term,
but may be postponed.
Dow of the MadisOnian, alias 81. s. Journal" has
| returned from the North, having engaged all come
atabe poets and blue stockings his route regu-
lar contributors to the paper. Mr.. Fisk, the other
editor, at the Presidents last night, and we
sorry to say was mesmerlzed by the very stately
reception, cool and dgnifed he received Of Captain
Polk. He came away with very lukewarm opinion
of the prospects of the Young Americans of the
magnctised Madisonan. Oh for little of the
pepper and salt of the original John Jones'
In the absence OF other entertainments, local
Ethiopian company gave us concert last night, and
drew good house. Cannot Barnum send us some
thing from the American Museum-the fat girl-the
mermaid-the sea serpent, or old Major Noah-the
greater the humbug, the better.
Among the strangers IN town arriving since yes
terday, are Hon. Andrew Beaumont, OF Pa; Col.
A. G. Sloo, of New Orleans; J. S. Kinney, of Mo-,
and others, at Browns; W. w. Van Wagenan, N.
VI s kennard, U. s; N; DIR. Dickson. s. c.;
Orleans; Gen, .TaIlmadge, (the old 'un) Of N Y.
and f. w. Huber, do at Coleman's; X. Miller, Of
Ohio; I. 7. Hopkins, do; p Scoles, Va, and 9TH
ers at the United States; Col c. X Kennedy, Pa;
Lieut. lieut. Z. Tansill, Y; s; Marine Corps; John B.
The city is exceedingly dull. The process of re-
movals is going on SO quietly, as almost to have
ceased as the subject OF tavern conversation. w.
Philadelphia.