The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1845-10-15
EDITORS CORRESPONDENCE.


is cooler, the wind having vesred from south "a
northwest, with suspension OF rain.
The Paris correspondent Of the "Courrisr dss
Flats Ons" says that Baron Rothschid of Frankford
prepared splendid fee, and sent three beautiful car
+rages TO Mayence, at the time the Queen Of Eng
land and her royal companions were expected 10 ar
rive at that place, to be offered for their service When
the carriages arrived Prussian prince being in
command Of the ceremonies for receiving the Queen
and crowned heads, sent Rothschilds carriages back
with his compliments; stating ''that il had afforded
the royal sovsrsgs much pleasure 10 receive hs oney
but they had no use for his carriages!"
We suspect this story is fable. The same
writer ntmates that good deal Of estrangemeni
exists between England and Holland in relation TO
the possession of the island of Borneo.
The work in process Of publication in Paris, by
order of Louis Philippe, by Mr. d. dc Mofras, 1.-THE
LIST volume only having appeared proves very
curious and interesting. Mr. Duaot de Mofras
has only given in this first volume minute account
Of the provinces Of Mexico bordering on the Pa
cifc. By the Introduction TO his work, the author
shows that he belongs to the old regime. He. is Q
royalst of the best stamp, and in the course OF hi
work pays off some hard blows against republics
and against the United States in particular
Without stopping to learn the real causes Of Mexi
can msrule, degradation, and dilapidation, he sup
poses all the evils she endures attributable to the effects
disqualification, and the expulsion of Spaniards and
Spanish royal authority from the country. He does
not tell us that, out of eight millions of inhabitants
there only two millions of white people, OF
people pure European blood, while all the rest
are negroes and Indians, sunk in superstition and
ignorance--no more qualified for republicans, than
Hottentots are for royal astronomers. Of the eghl
millions Of inhabitants, Mr.. Meyer tells US only
about 100000 can be found in the country who can
read and write. Instead of a republic with an es-
tablished constitution, Mexico has been field in
which one military man has, by force or fraud, dis
placed another from the executive chair, from ltur-
bide, the first president, down to the present time
In twenty-five years there have been fourteen revolu-
tons in Mexico, besides many that were partially
successful.
This apologist for monarchical systems of gov
eminent has not thought proper to tell us of their
misrule, imbccility, and tyranny. Charles Ill
Of Spain foresaw that the time would come when
his vast colonial possessions in South America
would change their relations and entertained q plan
for erecting the viceroyalties into independent king
doms, and placing scions of his own house at the
head of them. Charles Nv did nothing towards
executing this plan. He was succeeded by one Of
the most imbecile, superstitious, and worthless
monarchs that ever disgraced throne in Christen-
DOM Ferdinand, ruling "by the grace of God, was
one of the lowest, weakest most cunning princes
known to history. With vast possessions, on which
the sun never SET with inexhaustble resources, he
had all the materials spread out before him, had he
possessed the energy and necessary talents to have
established and built up anew the greatest power
of modern tines But what was his courses He
adopted low cunning and deceit for diplomacy. The
intimidated slave Of superstition, his mind fcstered
with the rankest bigotry, while he made himself, at
all times, the abject tool Of papal authority. In
stead Of dealing fairly with his American colonies,
he became more rigorous in the enforcement Of ty-
rannical dccrees He seemed to think he had
provided for their highest and best destiny,
when he had supplied them with bishops and
priests. These proud ecclesiastics, foes to pro-
and info
royalties of Spain in South America, and absorbed
the wealth of the country in their own churches
and treasures by which they became virtually the
political rulers Of the people, as well as their bigoed
guides in religious belief Thus this nominal King
Of Spain and the Indies became the scrvle obedent,
and humble vassal of distant potentate, holding a
sccptre over few small, petty states in Italy.
What a glorious thing is monarchy! The revolu-
tons in South America against such prince, were
perfectly in order; but that their failure, as in Mex
leo, to maintain republican form Of government is
attributable to republicanism itself, Gas M. dc Mo
gross absurdity. Apart from the legitimacy Of the
author, and his filings at the United States, his work
promises to be q very interesting one. The second
volume, which will treat more fully on Oregon and
California, will be looked for with anxiety.
His first volume treats of the isthmus of Darien,
in which it's facilities for the construction Of ship
cann are considered He says, that, so far back as
1920, proposals wero made TO Charles V tocut
canal across the isthmus of Darien
From the latter point, author travelled north,
along the west coast, TO California; visiting in his
route Acapulco, Mazatlan, San Bias, Guaymas,
&c. He entered the provinces Of lower and upper
Sonora--or, as sometimes called, Pimsria Alta
and Bassa, fromthe chieflndan tribes which inhab-
il them. He found Hermosiilo, situated in plain
not far distant from Guaymas, one of the most re-
markable places in the New World. lts chief at
traction arises from its being the centre Of the most
a In Mar yorA
refined at this place sir hundred bars Of silver, and
sry bars Of gold ralMed at million Of dsllars; and
estimated il is thought, below the real value, for the
sake of avoiding the duty, which, in Sonora, is per
cent. on silver, and 4 on gold. There are many
rich copper beds in this part of Sonora, which no-
body thinks worth the trouble of working; and
even those of silver occupy less attention than
might be expected. Virgin gold is the pursuit OF
ALI and here it is met with in pure state, and az
abundanty, as anywhere else in the world. The
largest quantities thus far have been found IN allu-
vial deposites.
In the provinces of Sonora, there are few Euro
peans, and few even of European descent. The
bulk Of the inhabitants Of Sonora consist Of five In
dian tribes, most Of whom so far civilized as to
follow with steadness the callings necessary for the
order Of established society. The aggregate num-
Der may be about ninety thousand. This s an ex-
ccedingly triAing population to the immense terri
tory they occupy or claim
ne lnulan IOTCc OfSuItiZeu iOI uc uclCuco VI
this vast territory does not exceed 800 or 900. The
miners are chiefly Indians. They have churches
well supplied with gold and plate, the door: Of
which stand open, without anything ever being
stolen One tribe-the Yaquis-- ARE expert divers
for pearls in the gulf Of California. Every season.
eight or ten small vessels Of forty fifty tons re-
pair to different parts Of the gulf in search Of pearls
Some Of the divers are destroyed every year by
sharks and mantarayas, monstrous Kind OF ray.
The trade is not profitable as II used TO be; and,
from May to October, does not amount to over
900 or $4,000 The pearls are usually sold to
dealers from the boats, at about 500 piastres q
pound.
On the whole, it is concluded by the author that
no region offers greater advantages to permanent
establishments than those provinces Of
Sonora bordering the gulf Of California doubt,
too, il any can offer equal advantages to the emf
grant. The soil is fertile; the climate is by no
means unhealthy. The Indians, for the most part,
are docie, and easy to manage.
These rich provinces on the California gulf, 20
thiny inhabited by Indians so fertile in soil and so
very rich in silver, gold, and copper mnes lie direct
" west of Texas.