The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1845-12-29

the north from the republic and established monarchy
which existed fourteen years and during which time,
he massacred piessly the muattocs OF the NORTH and
all who were opposed to his system Notwithstanding
no good administrator Of the laws, the country
rospered the cultivators abored and the treasury pos
sested immense sums OF money. 800
FELTON, in the west, followed another system Although
extremely ambitious although ne nd himself secretly
OF Hl his rivals, he showed himself republican, and
granted to the blacks aud mulatoes large concessions Of
land He encouraged commerce with all nations favor
ed industry but authorized license and INSTRUMENTATION
The nuirber Of his partLans augmented considerably
he particularly commerce with the British Islands
English srchandze whilst all other nations paid IL
cent because the cabinet OF St James had sort
OF Hayt in permitting in 1908 relations between English
subjects and Hayt, and because at the time Of the
Of independence the sons Of noble Albion had aided the
natives to expel the remains of LIE Cerc's army.
In the north, confidence in the English was still great
err for Chrstophe was born in an English Island He
put himself In measure under the protection Of
Great Bri ain and be had projected to change the Ian
guage, manners and religion OF his country All must
be English. Conan, paitizan OF Christophe, revolted
Jereme in the south of the Island and ravshed it ID
years He retired with good number OF blacks into the
mountains OF the Grand Azure. In 1900 General Raud
who had emigrated to France the time Of the civil
of 1900 WI the black Toussoin Louyenture aided
by discontinued colonies of the mother country,
seized upon the regns of government OF St Domipg,,
and caused to perish under his sabre the muatto poIula
ton found spread over the west north and south Cen
Roland say, chief Of the muattos returned TO ayh pre-
scented himself to Potion, and demanded hia senior
chief, the Presidency OF the Republic Potion refused
sion continued two years. jaud died and Gen Borzs
la, who succeeded him, discovered the organization OF
I by II the Of b a,ty to bs sss
encs OF the south and west; for new civil war had
broken out 10 consequence, Christophe would have
marched to Port au Prince and become master OF Hay
Under these circumstances and to srrest these evils
from poor Republic Gen Borzela united the south
of Potion.
You will remark, without doubt under the FIVE indie
pendent governments which ruled this country, to wit
OF old Spain the Eator the East always kept aloo
from these svents-tho condition of tho population has
been singulsrly vsried From these different kinds OF
government the character of the chiefs who directed
them and the education they gave to the governed the
following has resulted -:
st In the north Of the ancient French part arisocra
tic ideas inclination for ideas OF
order oil labor subordnaon Of the inferior to the supe-
ror classes; ideas OF morals respect for religion rec
procal hatred towards the mulaoss and whites, oppos
ton to the French and sympathy for the English
clinaton for rsnnbcan eayernment IDEAS Of al order
Of Incidence thoughtlessness. license immortality, OK
terror religion hatred against the blacks and whites
3D. In III south aristocracy of the mulatoes weakness
of the black class good ideas of independence,
distrust of the west, and more still of the north.
This was nearly the condition of the country when
Boyer in 1873 took the rens of State But his bad adm
nisraton has ruined every thing He was the most for
unate chief the country had possessed under his 60
the party Of Conan destroy ed the north
submitted to the Republics the east which had still pre-
served the ancient manners Of Spain, was annexed TO
condition Of the ancient French part grew worse public
morals corIuped-there was no longer any public
decency-the government. representative in name ne
came ctat0rial, and the Haytiens shamelessy bowed
the head before the allpowerul will OF the President
They condemned religion and excited the hatred OF the
the first against the whites All lost Then came the
revolution OF 1913 prepared for long time for social
immoral and infamous men, without aecency and with
o1t patriotism The blacks felt their position and their
strength; they broke out and tho mulaoes menaced
with being the victims of the rude and ignorant mass
This is the history of the condition moral and pot-
cal, of the inhabitants Of Hayt
As to their constitution and laws they have
listed but in name. At first arbitrary and despotic they
became ridiculous and exclusive will give you an
idea. When Dessalne was Governor General OF Hay'i.
their existed neither constitution laws; all depended
upon the will Of the tyrant As Emperor he had vain
show of imperial constitution formed BY twenty
Generals the Goth of May, 1906 all still depended upon
the head oil the government the framing ana promuga-
ton Of laws appointment and removal OF public function
aries The Haytiens generally called blacks under this
black government the very humble subjects OF his
very barbarous majesty.
Dessalnes having disappeared, they made new con.
sttaon First the primary assemblies elected aspnses
Chrstophe intrigued in the north and Petion in the west
10 procure the election of their parzans The const:
uent assembly met at Port Prince and on the 9th OF
December, 1906 appeared the constitution After some
articles, which declared the rights and duties Of man
and of citizens divided the territory into four depart
merits; in the north, two in the west and one in the
south The east or Spanish part was not included rms
This csssion will be found in the treaty of Basic the
4th oil Thermldon, year In 1896 the French commits
sioner, Roume, arrived in the city OF 81 Domingo as
agent OF the republican government Al commence
men Of 1899 hewas recalled by Toussoint Louverture
then Governor General Of French st. Domingo. This
Governor urged by the coonsts of the ancient French
part sent in April 1900 General Age to take possession
Of the Spanish part This General did not succeed in
this arduous enterprise. Toussoint then resolved to
march against the east with 10 900 men, convention
held between him and the Governor Don Joaquin Gar.
cia the 9th January 1901 permitted the black General
to enter St. Domingo 20 days alter This is France
became master of all the Island At the time OF the
war OF independence the eastern part OF the ls-
md tAAE in Thn titan Of La
Clerc had placed before the capital of Hispano'a
Gen. Kerverseau, who was we'll received by Genera,
Paul Louverture comRandant Of the province and
brother of Toussoint. The French, expelled by Dessa
lines from the French post the inhabitants Of the East
did not NEEDLE any way in the horrible massacres and
butcheres which took place in the North, West and
South But General Keroerseau was succeeded by the
brave General Ferrand, who opposed, with all his
strength the Hayten invasion. Dessalines attempted at
the commencement of 1905, to seize upon st Domingo
but he failed in this barbarous expedition, during which
his army devastated plaged and burned the towns aud
villages where they appeared captured the spanards'
and violated their wives and daughters Thus the east
part did belong tho Hay ens and could not be
included in their constitution OF 1906 BY this consu-
ton made by the mulatoes against Chrstophe who pre-
tended to the supreme maglstracy the Senate was com
posed Of "a menbers6 for the North, for the Arti
Boiiste; for tho West and for the south-named by
elective colleges chosen by the primary assemblies
The Senate clothed with all power, Legislative and
governmental The President OF Hayti was but an in
strunen placed at the head of legislation to which he
responsible for all his acts He elected four
years commanded the army, and nominated the judges
The Senators were appointed Tor niue years hey were
divided into three casses renewe every three years
Courts OF original and appellate jurisdiction dispensed
justice Their members appointed by the Senate
which had the right of revising Judgments rendered
This constitution dead letter under Potion, who,
mistrustng the Senators, ended by adourning the Sc
nate and secretly prosecuting the members OF that body
He became dictator but this state OF things could not
continue long he compelled to render his usurpa
tons legal 1t was necessary to give them shade Of
consnuonaiity. Potion became iatigued with the pre-
carous state in which he found him eli placed he, the g.
FORE caused Senators to re assemble at the COM
mencement of 1916 and made them decree the revision
Of the constitution OF s06 An assembly of revision
convoked they met the "a OF June, 1916 This as
ssmbly composed of eleven members, all devoted to Pc
ton formed the constitution according TO the mo-
del submitted to them by Sabourin then one OF the init
roate counselors Of the government By this new chart
House OF Commons erected, which had the right
of passing laws proposed it by the Presdentlaws,
the execution OF which permitted after the sane
ton Of the Senate. The Chamber, composed OF co. and