Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1845-03-14

of the States, which will shield and protect 4
it against the moral treason of any who would \
seriously contemplate lis destruction. 10
secure continuance Of that devotion, the
compromises of the constitution must not
only be preserved, but sectional jealousies
and heart-burnings must be discountenanc-
ed ; and all should remember that they are
members of the same political family, having
a common destiny. To increase the attach /
ment of our people to the Union, our laws
should be just. Any policy which shall tend
to favor monopolies, or the peculiar inter-
ests of sections or classes, must operate to
the prejudice Of the interests of their fellow
citizens, and should be avoided. IL the COM
promises of the constitution be preserved
il sectional jealousies and heart-burnings be
discountenanced, If our laws be Just, and
the government be practically administered
strictly within the limits of power prescrib-
ed to tive may discard all apprehensions
for the safety of the Union.
With these views Of the nature, character,
and objects Of the government, and the val
ue of the Union, shall steadily oppose the
creation of those institutions and systems
which, in their nature, tend to peryert il
from its legitimate purposes, and make it
the instrument of sections, classes, and ndi-
viduals We need 10 national banks, or
other extraneous institutions, planted around
the government to control or strengthen il
in opposition to the will of its authors. Ex-
perience has taught us how unnecessary
they are as auxiliaries of the public authori-
ties, how impotent for good and how power
lul for mischief.
Ours was intended TO be plain and fru
gal government; and shall regard it to be
my duty to recommend to Congress, and, as
far as the Executive is concerned, to enforce
by all the means within my power, the strict
est economy in the expenditure of the pub
lie money, which may be compatible with
the public interests.
A national debt has become almost an in
stiiution of European monarchies. 1t is
viewed, in some Of them, as an essential prop
to existing monarchy. Melancholy is the
condition Of that people whose government
can be sustained only by system which Pc
riodically transfers large amounts from the
labor Of the many to the Golfers of the few.
Such system is incompatible with the ends
for which our republican government was
instituted. Under wise policy, the debts
contracted in our revolution, and during the
war of 1912, have been happily extinguish-
ed. By judicous application of the reve-
nues, not required for other necessary pur-
poses, it is not doubted that the debt which
has grown out of the circumstances of the
last few years may be speedily paid of.
congratulate my fellow citizens on the
entire restoration of the credit Of the gener-
{ al government of the Union, and that of ma
ny of the States. Happy would ii be for the
, indebted States if they were freed from their
| liabilities, many of which were incautiously
, contracted. Although the government OF
4 the Union is neither in legal nor moral
, sense bound for the debts of the States, and
it would be violation Of our compact OF
, Union to assume them, yet we cannot but
feel deep interest in seeing all the States
. meet their public liabilities and pay of their
: just debts, at the earliest practicable period
That they will do SO, as soon as II can be
:, done without imposing too heavy burdens
on their citizens there is no reason to doubt
The sound, moral, and honorable feeling OF
the people of the indebted States, cannot be
questioned; and we are happy to perceive a
settled disposition on their part, as their abil-
y ity returns, after season Of unexampled Pc
cunlary embarrassment, to pay off all Just
> demands and TO acquiesce in any reasonable
measures to accomplish that object.
u One of the difficulties which we have had
to encounter in the practical administration
Of the government, consists in the adjust
ment of our revenue laws, and the levy Of
= the taxes necessary for the support of gov.
! eminent In the general proposition, that
no more money shall be collected than the
;, necessities Of an economical administration
shall require, all parties seem to acquiesce
Nor does there seem to be any material dif
9 ference of opinion as to the absence of righ
: in the government to tax one section o
!, country, or one class of citizens, or one oc
= cupation, for the mere profit of another =
, "Justice and sound policy forbid the fedora
u II government TO foster one branch OF industry
u to the detriment of another, or TO cherish
u the interests of one portion to the injury o
e another portion Of our common country
u have heretofore declared to my fellow citi
zens that, in my judgment, it is the duty o
J. ! the government 10 extend, as far as it ma,
= be practicable to do so, by its revenue laws
- and all other means within its power, fa
d and Just protection to all the great Interest,"
!. !. Of the whole Union, embracing agriculture
= manufactures, the mechanic arts, commerc,
. and navigation" have also declared M,
Is opinion TO be Gin favor of tariff for reve
e nue." and that sin adjusting the details o
IS such tariff, have sanctioned such moder
ate discriminating duties as would produc,
lie the amount Of revenue needed, and, at tn
Is same time, afford reasonable Incidental pro
ID lection to our home industry" and that
ofl mas sfonnosad IN n tariff for medication ,,,aya