The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1845-10-25

eve the province of transient visitor do. The
rate-they have learned them from English sailors and
soldiers within the past five years When the Missona-
res demonstrate with the Chinese upon sim they sisna
cantly point to the morals OF the foreigners The Chi
nese are emnently intellectual The country abounds
in books public libraries and shops for the sale OF books
catalogue Of one of their Libraries comprises ten vo.
article Of furniture
writings by bad TRANSACTIONS. Mr. Cushing had formed
high estimate Of their intellectual powers from bis in
teroourse with them Indeed, officials could not fail to
exhibit intellectually scholars take first rank the
empire The literary character of the Chinese has de-
generated TO some extent The stability Of their gov
eminent evidence to certain extent OF their nellec
ual and moral character. The prevalent religion is
worship Of ancestors though specific religions such
boodhism Lamaism, Mahomedanism, &C.. are tolerated
All important events by the Chinese celebrated by
prostrations burning ofccense beating Of gongs and
burning fire works.
The Staple food of the Chinese is rice In the deco
ratons of their tables and furniture Of their houses
Of the table consist Of bche de mer sharks Ans and
edible BIRDS nests the latter the highest cost astue OF
food in China The food ofthe Tartar is game which is
roasted and served whole while the Chinese Is served
in small dishes. Their drinks tea; and spirit dis
titled from rice. Many Of the drinking vessels now in
use in the U. 8, are copied from the Chinese :.
Commercially speaking China is complete in herself
She raises her bread stuf except little rice which
she imports She has tea silks materials for utensils OF
ron and wood coal precious metals SC Her commerce
was changed BY the course Of the opium trade which Is
been changed by the introduction Of cotton. large
quantities of which, of the kind imports from the
United States She also imports the manufactured
article from the United States and from Great Britain.
The of machinery prohibited in China The trade,
whether goes direct from this country from Great
manufactured goods consist of American cotton.
We come to consider the question Of what will be
the ultimate effects of this change of commerce the
Chinese themselves Two hundred and fifty millions of
people, up to this time, have manufactured their
artcles-now ours will take the places of their own
fabrics and oconsequence large numbers of men will be
thrown out Of employ In China as in the United States,
they have vast West to retire TO- no fields OF
aurirn fnro ottnnc IN than yhan thnr
means Of livelihood fail them. These things being SO,
must produce want, misery and perhaps political
peaedly told by the Imperial Commissioner that China
did not desire trade with foreigners but that
forced upon her. We must not only look to the benefits
accrung to the United States through the supply to
China Of cotton and successful competition in the
article put also 70 the supply OF ginseng
neced with this subject except the drain Of the specie
from China pay balances Of trade s against her He
balance against the United Staes-besides there
stores of metals in the country and the immediate effect
of flow ofspecie irem China is to change the relative
value Of commodities in that land
Mr. Gushing next proceeded to treat the topic Of the
hostility ofthe Chinese towards Foreigners He said it
originally simply dsrespec and did not degenerate
into hate until the conduct of foreigners had become
outrageous forfeit the good esteem of the people
| The Chinese saw themselves surrounded ~ other
Asiatic nations vastly their interiors in every respect
they naturally looked upon them with dsrespect, also
ing voyages of the Portuguese were rather pratcal
petitions than commercial specuations The expulsion
the subject Of the hostility of the Chinese towards
foreigners We naturally led to ask how monarchs
as wise and liberal as many OF the Chinese monarchs
been have prohibited the practice Of the Christian
religion in China when all other rel gions tolerated
At first foreigners well received in China. Marco
Paulo and others had high employment under govern
menthere objection to thoir penetrating to the
interior Of the country Great numbers Of converts
has effected change in all these thngsa The mission
aries INDUCED in hitter contests among themselves
articles of ith-furious controversies carried
and violent pamphlets published From the teachers Of
religion the contests spread among the converts and
elements and agitation were the consequence.
To prevent domestic commissions, the Emperor inter
posed his authority and the belief Of Mr. Gushing
that to prevent internal troubles the only motive
operating upon the Emperor to exclude Christians from
China. Mr.. Gushing urged the missionaries to take
warning from the past to cease their quarrels upon
minor articles of belief and to unite in the great
| work Of the redemption Of the heather.
Mr.. Gushing said although this vast empire open
to commerce, literature and re gion, too sangune
pectatons must not be eneranedthe progress Of the
Chinese slow and vast mukitudes to be affected.
II the effects of the change of commerce pacific,
the benefits to the world will be greatf not and
civil commissions ensue, the spirit of ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
will again take hold of the Chinese and foreign invasion
will be the consequence. The TartaIs have several
times ASIA and carried their conquess
Europe. The present Emperor of China is a lneal
descendant Of Tartar Emperor who sat upon the
throne OF Moscow We second only to the English
in point of commercial intercourse with the Chinese
and second only to the French missionary and intel
lectua intercourse We shall surpass both nations
i'll our intercourse.
Mr. Cushing in closing his address, spoke of there
being as yet no commerce the Pacific Ocean, and
that ultimately there must be powerful Anglo Sax
on power settled the shores of the Pacific. Should
America plant it. the trade of China would be invaluable
to her. and would naturally flow to the western shores
of this continent.