New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1845-12-08
R-i.;.b M;ni.,er At WssbinCton. when living up

d
Astoria. claiming the whole territory
Great Britain and the United States are In JOINT
occupancy one cannot diyest the otner out " a.
equitable division of what is jointly occupied
In claiming toe Columbia rs the boundary, Great
Britain Is moi influenced By ambition OF possessing
large territory but By considerations OF utility not
OF necessity. which cannot be lost sight Of
Mr. P. concludes by requesting proposal from the
United States ard statement OF farther claims a.
luded to by Mr.. Calhoun.
Sept. 20. I544. Mr. Calhoun rejoins 10 this reou!-
ting the British claims on the discoveries OF COOK,
Mears and others on the Nootks Sound convention,
and McKenzies explorations The F-azers
River IS inferior and cannot effect the dis
covery Of the Columbia
The United States had the first settlement. had
tina; rich: restored, were acknowledged 10 De in
possession while treating OF TILE. &c Mr. c. also
replies 10 the argumen, drawn from Jefferson. and
reinforces the argument Of continuity and states
tha, the United States must De considered in pos
session OF the whole of the territory drained by the
Columbia while treating OF title, in which character
he insists being considered and not IN the chsrac-
ter of a Joint occupancy uerel y. he can make no
propose! based on the supposiiion o; joint occC-
pancy There must be full discussion OF the tile
before proposals can be made. With the opinion
that the ni;ed States have clear title the British
proposal in the second conference falls lar short OF
what they accept.
10 our claims 10 other parts of the Territory
those drained by the Columbia. they extend as far
az the Treaty of Florida with Spain can warrant
Jan. IS, ls45. Mr.. Packenham 10 Mr.. Calhoun
states that he has sent the discussions already had
to his Government bu; that in the mean time he IS
authorised 10 offer arbitration, leaving the choice OF
arbers for after consideration.
January 81. lc45. Mr.. Calhoun says he has laid
the offer Of Mr. P. before the President and he can
not accede 10 the proposal. He hopes the question
NAV be settled by negotiation. Arbitration might
rather retard than expedite the settlement.
July - ls45, Mr.. Buchanan having been appoint
ed Secretary of State and seeming 10 overlook the
later proceedings and replies TO Mr.. P's letter OF
Sept e. 1874 title on that OF Spain. con-
tending that at the date of SPANS transfer Of her
rights 10 us she had good title the whole OF Ore
gon against Great Britain The Nootka Sound Trea-
" conferred no right Great Britain but TO trade
with the Indians was transient in its nature and did
not touch the sovereignty of Spain the territory
That il was annued by the war between Great Brit
ain and Spain in 1896 and has never since been re-
newed and consequently that Great Britain is desti-
tute OF any claim 10 the Oregon territory. Having
defended these views at length, and enforced our
title TO the whole of Oregon, he says the joint
pancy treaty excerpts title from being impaired.
In this view of the subject the President, consider
ing the action of his predecessors and embarrassed
by their offer to show also 10 the world that he is
actuated BY a spirit Of moderation, has authorised
Inn Mr.. Secretary B. to cGer the 49h parallel to
the sea as boundary. nth any port IN Eaac0u-
rer's Island South ofthat latitude
July 29ih 1916. Mr.. Packenham replies 10 Mr..
Buchanan combats strongly Mr. b. S position, par
ticularlv claim Of the nted States 10 the Valley
Of the Columbia to be older than the treaty OF 1919.
He examines the Spanish title-the American offer
TO divide the terriiory-the United States can found
no claim, or discovery, exploration settlement
prior 10 the Treaty of Florida, without admitting
the principles of the Nootka Sound Convention and
the parallel claims of Great Britain. he contends
that the Nooika Sound Convention continues in
II. - f.at
ed the claims OF Great Britain are good as those
ofthe United States.
He then goes into history of the discoveries.
from which it might appear that American citizens
discovered the Columbia River, while British navi
gators discovered FraZer's river and Nancouvers
Island. He repeats the British claims 10 the terri
tory and declines the offer made By Mr.. Buchanan.
August 80. lS4j is the date of the last despatch
1t is from Mr. Buchanan in reply 10 Mr. Z. lie
quotes the declaration of Messrs. Huskisson and
Addisonton that" Great Britain claims no exclusive
sovereignty any part OF that Oregonl Terrific
ry' Mr.. B. makes very long argument in reply
TO Mr. F. maintaining the rights OF the nited States
to the whole OF the Territory and concludes by With
drawing his offer.
Thus ends the cores ondence and the nextstep
to be taken depends on the future. Barbarsm has
one mode of settling disputes by cutting the throats
of men possessed of immortal souls. Christian civil
ization has called the intellect and pen to supersede
the sword and bayonet and other fendish instru-
mens of destruction A and.lubber may hold the
helm in the time of a calm, smooth sea, but seaman
ship is necessary TO guide the barque when the
storm king is abroad May we not hope that Chris
tan civilization, wisdom and humanity, as well as
deep seated love for the preservation OF human
life will influence these Two Powers TO adopt the pen
in place of the sword This is not TO be done by
telling how we can whip each other or by knock
ing chips off each others shoulders but by quiet,
gentlemanly and Christian like consultation. II am
bilious views of reelection the succession Of
the Presidency shall unleash the "hellhounds of
war" wo be 10 those who shall have been guilty
of the national murder and universal bloodshed
which mus, follow till the pen of the Statesman
again regains the right which the murderous weap.
ops have usurped.
The above abstract is but very limited; you may
get it as soon as any other The correspondence is
able and voluminous Mr.. Calhouns views are ex
pressed in his usual strong and condensed language
and shows that the interests of the country mis- hit
safely be trusted to him 10 the present crisis.
doubt whether some of the leaders of the party want
his dispatches published just at present, for fear
they might make it appear that he is the ftest man
TO take the head OF the Committee on Foreign Re-
lations.
have little time for other news. l understand
that there is some talk of Mr. Dallas going on the
bench of the Supreme Court, resgning the Vice
Presidency for that purpose
The Loco Foco Senator's have nominated Mr.
Sturges OF Georgia candidate for Clerk of the
Senate; Mr.. Beale, formerly Doorkeeper for Ser
geant Arms and Mr.. Salisbury OF Ohio as Door
keeper. 1t is said they also nominated Richie *
HESS as Printers, | know not whether they made
any nominations for Chairrnen of Committees to be
elected on Monday. Though MIR. Dickens is
nominated he may be reelected. RIcHrLIEu.
The Oregon Question.
From our Correspondent.
WASHINGTON, Dec. 5, ls45.