davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The spirit of democracy. [volume] (Woodsfield, Ohio) 1844-1994, 1845-04-04
THE SKIN OF THE WHALE.

The skin, or onier cuticle, is as trans.
parent, as the substance called '.gold-
heaters skn," beneath which it is GOV.
cred with hair, perfectly sleek and
black, covered with an uliginuus mat
ter; the texture and length resemble
the. clolhingof The seal tribe. .(polack,
p. ll0) In young whales il is three
elghlhs Of an inch tnck, in old ones, il
is ,npt abpye one-eighth. Immediately
beneath the black skin is the blubber,or
lat. which is contained in a. cellular
membrane. and which is. considerably
strengthened BY numerous interlace-
ments, of ligumenteous ,fbres, which
has induced Professor Jacob to consid
81 the whole thickness of blubber to be
the cuts vera, or true skin, inhltrated
with oil or fatty matters. Its thickness
on the breast.of : large-whale is about
fourteen inches, and on most parts oi
Fhe b',dysit measures from eight to ele-
ven inches. TIE head, however, is not
supplied with this covering, having on
" the black skin. or cuts, which lies
riose to aslayerf OF very dense cellular
tissue. under which is seen consider
able thickness Of numerous sma tend
ons, intermixed with muscular fibres.
tBeale, p. 3i.1f The term given to it
by the whalers is the "blanket;" il is
without scales. smooth, suisf-l ~ y ff
q Professor jacob. of Dublin, regard
ing the skinofthIs animal.states: .fhat
structure in which the oil is deposited,
deneahinated blubber, is the true skin
The spirit of democracy. [volume] (Woodsfield, Ohio) 1844-1994, 1845-04-04
WooDsFIELD, FRIDAY. APRIL 4, is4s.

|
you are claiming OF me only, your
right and ms due.' said. "No Odd
Fellow can be regarded MS an object of
charity. He is looked upon as a dis
tresspd br0ther,and the duties extended
to him are those of love. We owe
each other only love. 1t is this that
has brought me here" Il
He smiled gratefully. and pressed my
hand with his skeleton fingers. which
were no, to the touch. found that he
and his family we're perfectly destitute.
There was no cooling medicine for him;
no food for then His wife told me
that the children had eaten nothing
since dinner, and were gone bed cry
,ng for food, and she had, for their
sakes. eaten nothing the night before.
.'Oh borrid.' .DreadfuI!'' exclaimed
both ,my and Mrs. Preston. in tones
of pity and svmpnihv.
81 instantly went out, and hastened
to the next grocery. There filed my
handkerchief with bread, cheese. cakes
and o. anges for the sick man, a paper
of tea, and sugar; under my arm ! pla-
ced Il bottle of wine. and in my hand
bore n quart Of fresh milk. With these
treasures hastened back to the scene
nf nfflietion and wreichedness. Ny
presence spon cast sunshine upon the
gloom. In less than half an hour things
wore new face. ! despatched q note
to my fell"w committee men, with in.
structions to bring a physician, and to
come prepared to stay for the night, as
nv wife would by no means give me
permission To be ou'."
"Charles! Charles! this is too, ton
severe!" said his wife, bursting into
tears.
NAY. then. Mary, ] did not write
so to them of you! withdraw the
wordsr'
81 deserved it if Won did! have
been all, aIl wrong! Forgive mer'
"Frecly" he said. kissing her hand.
IL remained until they anne with DR..
-. Bv the time came away
every thing around the Invalid WINS com
fprtablc; clean bed linen. clean hoi So.
The doctor said. with careful nursing
he might recover. took leave of him
u lit!te while since. leaving two Old
Fellows wptchIng by his bedside. When
they leave him at dawn, their place
will be supplied ny two others. ough'
,lbe one Of them; but
.Charlos! Charles! Go! 60! b.
me Of them. From this time shall
speak only Of your Order with love ana
a'leciipn.'
The spirit of democracy. [volume] (Woodsfield, Ohio) 1844-1994, 1845-04-04
SEVEN WISE MEN OF GREECE

We often hear and read of the ''Se
ven Wise Men," those boasted sages
Of the Ancients. Who were thew
tnd for what were they celebratei?--
They were philosophers of Greece -
much and Ge.ervedlv esteemed in the
ages in which they lived. Their names
wee Tnales, Solnn. Chilo. Pittaous.
Bias. Cleohulus and Pariander. .f
,Thales was decenIent # cadmus.
and born at Miletus. in Iona. He trav-
ellad much in quest of knowledge. and
studied under the priests of Memphis.
in Eg ppt. where he became learnedin
geometry. philosophy. and astronomy.
He taught the truths of the solstices
and equinoxes. divl,ed the year into
365 DAYS, and believed water to be the
principle of every thing. He lived to
be SO wears Of age, and died 548 years
bef,re Christ. ga s4fr}
Solon was born az Salnmis educated
at Athens, and afterwards studied un-
der the ,Egv ptinn priests. lie was a
celebrated w-giverinf the Athenians.
and WIS the friend Of Grnsus. King of
I.vda. He is also noted for his reply
tn Gr9sns. who asked him: "a 7lA
.s,no you think me the happiest Of
meng' .aaa g.f3 .as go ,.i
Solon answered. II itse8l ssg..
"Nolmap, can say he is happy. until
he draws his last breath.n Mn ss3 sa!
iNolon died, aged 80. $50 years BIC.
His famous maxim.was =. Considerably
end!n. 81 n i4e5gag9 sitef i1q
Chilo was philosopher Of Sparta.
whose saying was--.Know thyself"
.Pittacus was native of MItylene.
Greece, and-a warrior as well as phi
losopher; far he delivefe,t his country
from the tyranny OF Melanchrus; hav-
ing Killed the enemy's general, Pbyr-
MN, in single ombat. He was law
givpr, and many Of his maxims were
inscribed on the walls Of the Templeof
Apollo, at Delphos. II will interest
the advocates Of temperance in our
day. TO be informed that he enacted a
i'iw. by which al, persons WIN commit
ted crimes. while intuxicated, were pun
-ished with double penaiiies. He died
$40 B. C.;and his MAXIM was -'sKnow
the tines" sI'1s'l'7i..' ~
e Bias was a native Of Arlene. in
Greece, which hetong saved from ruin
'by his wise counseIs. He diedin the
arms Of his grandson, 566 B. Co. at a
good old age; andleft as a legacy, this
~ - ,sgtfRSii fFt9la 71sg a;fR hinr5,sa
The spirit of democracy. [volume] (Woodsfield, Ohio) 1844-1994, 1845-04-04

your enemy"
CIeobulus lived at Lindon. Greece,
wrote many verses, and died 5s4 B. c.,
aged 10 ;Ieav.ng this celebrated proverb,
which has key to oil the philosophy
that he ught-"There is nothing bet
ter than moderation.
Periander was a tyrant of Corinth.
iIsaraced by atrocious crlmes--yet ne
had smooth tongue, from which there
constant'y flowed moral and philan-
thropic sentiments. totally at variance
with his practice. He was a hypo-
crite-yet a patron of genius, learning
and the fine arts; and therefore it was,
that his hatterers STYLED him one of the
wise men of Greece. He died. aged
80. 5o8 b. C. One of his sayings was
-..A man ought solemnly to keep his
VOID. bul not hesltnte to break it,when-
eyer it clashed with his interest. =
Have we not our modern Perianders?
Another of bis sayings was-"Not on
lv crimes ought to be punished, but also
every wicked and corrupt thought"
So much for the wise men ofGreece!
However excellent and moral some of
their maxims,-yet they are all wanting
in those noble and divine characteris-
tics that mark the divine doctrines of
the Christian phil osophers. If we ex-
cept an irterpretation--perhaps too
extended one--of the sasings Of Solon;
al their teaching were essentially con-
| fined to the wisdom of the world.
And how will our modern wise men
compare with these pagan sages?--
Why, as intellectual light, contrasted
with the dim shadows of an imperfect
knowledge. Our times, and those of
nur fathers, have been more prac tically
useful, and our moral axioms are deriv-
ed from purer sources. Let US glance
at only few OF the bright names, that
will be banded down through all time,
rs associated with benefits and bles-
,inas to mankind. Among these, are
liallleo the great astronomer-I Lord
Bacon, whose inductiye philosophy has
proved a never-failing key to unlock
the hidden secrets of science, and thus
emancipaie men from the "vicious cir
Giles" of the ancient modes Of inquiry
Sir Isaac Newton, whose genius gras-
ped the universe, and unfolded the
grandest mysteries Of Creation Locke
WHO has developed and analyzed the
powers of the human understanding
Benjam Franklin. who drew light
ming fronn the clouds, and was equally
distinguished for his, maxims on the
philosophy Of life--La Place, whose
Mrcapiqne Celeste has been so ably
translated, and rendered so clear, by
Nathaniel Bowditch, of Massachusetts
and Thomas Dick, whose lucid vol
| nmes. s.showing the connexion Of science
md philosophy with religion, are in
deed an honor 10 the age in which we
we.
Away, then, with the absurd notion,
that the sages of Old Greece were wi
ser than those of our own times. We
i've in IA happier period of the world
we enjoy greater advantages--are sur
rounded with more comforts ts-bend
our philosophy with the arts Of peace
combine our morality with the hope
Of a blessed hereafter--and thus, by
the practice of virtue as well as by the
knowledge of science, we may taste fe-
licity in time and anticipate that our fe-
licity may be immortal in internity.
The spirit of democracy. [volume] (Woodsfield, Ohio) 1844-1994, 1845-04-04

MARRiAeE.- Marriage is to woman
at once the happiest and the sa idest
event of her life; it is the promise OF
future bliss raised on the death of pre-
sent enjoyment. She quits her home,
her occupations, her amusements, eve
ry thing on which she depends for
comfort. for affection, for kindness, for
pleasure. The parents by whose coun-
sells she had been guided; the sister to
whom she had dared to mpart every
embryo thought and feeling; the broth
er who had played with her--alternaie-
ly the counsellor and the counseIled-
all TO be resigned AT one fell stroke;
and yet she flies with Joy into the un-
trodden path before her. Buoyed up
by the confidence Of requited love, she
bids fond and grateful adieu 10. the
life that is past, and returns with excl
ted hopes and joyous anticipations Of
the happiness to come. Then woe to
the man who can blight such fair
prospect-who can treacherously lure
u heart like that from its peaceful en-
joyment, and the watchiul protection
at home--who can cowardly break
the illusions that have won her, and
destroy the confidence which love had
inspired. Woe to the man! isits
aHsa a.
The spirit of democracy. [volume] (Woodsfield, Ohio) 1844-1994, 1845-04-04

An Irish gentleman lately fought a
duel with his intimate friend, because
he jocosely asserted he wns born With
out a shirt to his backi '.-'l si'i la''si4
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1845-06-19
MIR. cALHoUs,s LETTER.


The Philadelphia United States Gazette, in
commenting on Mr. Calhoun's letter upon free
trade 10 The British League, remarks: "Mr.
Calhoun has been holding and expressing such
opinions for some years, and, in the meantime,
our country has been prospecting under tariff,
and factories have been rising up on all hands 10
secure The true Independence Of the ration FAC
TOTES which would never have been bull, had
this ration admitted Stree trader Is one Of It's
principles yet these factories are now rising up,
and overlooking the Plantations even OF Mr.. Cal
hOun, snd giving new value to the produce or
lhem."
From TIE London League Of Nay 3, lsI5. ?
The following has been received 'front.'. c.
Calhoun, Esq, the celebrated American advo-
cafe Of free trade, addressed 10 George Wilson,
Esq, chairman of The council Of the League:
fFoRr HILL, March 81, 1915.
"M3 DEARsSlR j accept with much
'pleasute the copy Of the FIRST volume Of
the League, which you transmitted TO me
by life direction OF the council Of The Ma
tionat Arti.Corn Law League. for my sc-
cep,ance. ] feel greatly honored by lhis
mark o. their respect.
Il regard free trade as involving con:
siderations. far higher than mere CONNER
cial advantages. asgreat as they are. Ii
is. in my opinion, emphaiically the cause
OF civilization and peace-of widespread
civilization and durable peace among the
nations Of ibe'earth. Il belongs 10 Eng.
land and the United States to take the,
lead in this great cause; and hope the
day is not far distant when they will Sc;
tAe noble example to the ressof Christen-
DOM otireeing commerce OF any shackle
aud imPosi,iog, excepting ssch duties as
may be laid exclusively iofae veaue. ~
with very grea, respect. am, SC.
y. G. CALHOUN.
GEO WILSON, Esq, Chairman Of the
ecnnnriI -
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1845-06-19
THE AsuBURToX TREATY.

=
Speaking Of Ire TreSlx concluded 3, wash
iugton by Lord Ashburion and Mr.. Webster, and
which has been violently assailed, the National
lnlelhgeucet SAYS, 'sWhen the advocates Of e1-
ttfmemeasures in bOIh counsries condemn the
tteaty for precisely the sa me Extraordinarily.
thai ii has bar,ered the right Of each country 10
lhs oiher-the friends Of peace and national no
nor on both sides OF The water msy safely con-
clude that the treaty is just and equitable one
n nations were rulsd by the ceunsels. OF the in
temperate, the reckless, The hslers Of ali their
race out Of The pale Of their own county, with
too many Of whom every nation is afflicted, The
world would be desolated b. eeaseless wsrs?z-
Happily this is not so; and happily such coun-
sells were not potent enough TO illustrate the wise
and benefceni "Trea,y of Washington"
! We find that the press Ct England, opposed
TO the Ministry, dealing in nvec,ives towards
Lord AshbuFton for concsdingtoo much, as we'll
as the opposition Members of Parliament;
whilst here, We find psrtizan pres, with some
few honorable exceptions, rsiIipg against Mr.
Webster for his Adjustment Of The difficulty
Surely they are aot both to blames Both cannot
have conesdedtoo much. We are led to believe,
therefore; that the settlement was Just one
one which should, as il appears 10 have DONE
given general satisfaction 10 both nations.
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1845-06-19
VISIT THE SICK.


From the well known benevoEtnce OF the la.
dies Of our town and neighborhood, ii is rarely
necessary 10. call their attention to objects de-
serving their kincpess/ Bul the efforts Of few
"ministering angels in behalf OF the sick, jus
lilies Us in awakening the sympAhies Of others,
who only require the hiul ,oEindnce them tc
take char,ableR round occasionally. When
the band Of disease presses heavily upon one
OF shsir sex, and The cspker Of care subdues The
soul, how soolhipgis a kind word !--hpw accep-
tabl. even the smallest attention from 'ssood
SamaritanF' Let the ladies, favored wslhs for
tune ssd health, Only shaipen their vysIaRce,
snd give play TO their natural goodne 6 haaffi
and how many blessings may, t6ey dssSsHsr &c
the afflicted Let them lOskaoncE 10 willie iu-
to the cherries bot q. poverty" and see whe-
ihef they canno, ind Il the sick couch 81 some
poor consumP,ive, whitening gradually aassy,
an opportunity OF fulhIins one al least Of The
injunc,ioDs Of The Saviour. Coed deeds carry
with them their own rewards.
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1845-06-19


hessrs. Jo.E 4 Co. hass sent us coat nat.
terra of lheir ssmsatr Trssl, an .oOl. :,
= sPseiaen Of shat hey eau dozsi heir Is.
iablishnent IN that lne. The only fear =.
hnye upon The subject is, thai, when The ceatss
made pP, and on our back, Ne shall be deemed
entirely Too fine for our VocssionI
We dont mean 10 psf his eoneern-ths,
might seea like giving gid pro qus-o1r only
object ito intern our neieh Dor Of the Wiuches-
ter RspubIiezn that he and his factories an. en-
iirsly behind the age. Ifiheyesn compete with
this, o: which we are vriting,-on Bullskin, on
~ a mile above the shsnnondsle springs-lrt
him speak our, and compare specimens. Blu,
lie, Us tell them and our readers that sort Of 4
concern tits
q, II Is ine large stone buiidingi four stories
high, divided into rooms for fulling, csrdine,
weaving, &c, various descriptions OF .woOIlen
and cotton goods, with The bes,and lstestiup prov.
ed machinery. Thequaliiy Of !hese goods, inelud-
ing csrpeiinr. iueeds, csssinetis, jeans, fuIled
and plaid linseys, and blankets. is unsurpassed
any where. And, what renders the establish
meut especially worthy notice, is This, that il az
sfords sort OF Aome market for the neishboring
'fsrners-nOt only for their wool, but for his
surplus lard, soap, and even The coarse grease
that n isht oshersise be thrown away.
With such goods in our neighborhood, superio:
in all respects to much that is brought in to mar.
ket from The cilies, We do not seesnhy any body
should 60 abroad for supplies :. And We
may sdd,tOy way Of parenihesis y that an adrer-
iisemepnin the Free Press called she a,ieniiol Of
4Aadg 10 the shannendale Factory, where she
TRssuppiied with an-Iograin Ca1pei, equslin Il.
ghfe, and better in quality, ihpn s6y hing whick
csn be produced for the same money from tie
North or from Europe.
From samples in preparation, Ne think il pro.
bable We shah have occasion TO notice oIher
Factories, for the bsde6i q. their respective
-neighborhoOds. IL our present mood, we feel
disposed'to raise a'shout Tor Home Productions,
and wish success 10 every honest effort to pro-
mote real independence Of all foreign supplies.
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1845-06-19
BANIsHMENT OF SANTA ANNA.

The Mexican steamer Neptune, Capt
Parkinson. arrived at Charleston on the
l2th inst. from Havana. bound 10 N.
SYork; Poftu for q supply Of fuel. j
Capt Parkinson informs the Courier
that the Br. mail steamer Midway srriv-
ed at Havana on fbsgth inst from Vera
Cruz, which port shg'left on the LIST inst,
having on board as passengers General
Santa Anna. lady and family, who had
been banished from the Mexican terrific
ries.
We have no positive particulars as 10
The course pursued by the Mexican Co.
'vernment, in banishing Santa Anna, but
Capt. Parkinson informs Us that be under
stood that the decree prescribed an ab
sence of ten years--that bis private pro-
perry was respected-ihat be had with
him large amount Of money, and was in
good personal health and spirits.
II is slated that all sniicipalions Of war
between the United States and Mexico
bad subsidized.
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1845-06-19
Chem Ttarelzine .Aorfh.

The fOIlowing statement, says the National
ntelligeneer, showing the chespffavelling TO
MOrirea', is tskep from the Amerigsn Traveller:
and this statement, low as it is, i. higher On
some part OF The road Than he reality. From
New York 10 Albany The fare or charge for pas
sage is only 25 cents. and good birth included
only so esals. From Albany northward We are
not familiar, but presume The Traveller is, as il
is alsays, quite al home in sneh matters:
"cHEAP FARE-PersoHs travelling nop. DAYS
can go almost for noth.ag;
From NewIYork 10 Albany, $50 miles
per steamboat, first class 20 so
From Albany TO WhiIebsll, steamboat 10
Troy aud pseket-bost thence 10 While-
han, az miles n
From Whitehall 10 81. Johns, BY steam
boal, $50 miles Is
From s.. Johns 10 Laprsirie. By railroad,
Is miles So
From Lsprairis TO Mortrsal, y steam
boat, miles SO
49,
TeiSl, lof miles 81 IS
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1845-06-19

The Looofoeos are slusys railing cut against
The Banks, yet they suffer visginia's quota Of The
Land Fuad % lie in the vsuls Of the Bank Al
Riehmond, when il might Be applied 10 The ser
vice Of the stare. Whsa i might be employed
10 ilIumining he minds and darkened pueer-
standings Of the ihopsands and tens Of thou
sands Of virginia's sons who can neither read
nor write.
The Esquifer lately Teens with homiliesen the
necessity of education. yet il fails To point out
siasIe efeaeiOus plan for raising facds 10 carry
out its beaefeenl iheorizines.
The Enquirer We suppose must approve Of
direct taxation, but where The necessity, when
We have Van aSsilable fund Of S4l 90 TO our
credit iyiDs in The vaults Of One1of the de,essa-
ole monsters, which it and its party pretend ip
sbhor so muchi This is enough to commence
operations with. For once let Il rise superior
10 party prejudice, and avow. what must be its
true feelings, if unsEayed and unbiased BY par
y. =
Z Whilst writing in reference 10 other matters
pertaining to VHgiuia's short-sishiedness, the
Editor Of The Alexandria Gazette remarks
''Nor are We inclined to let the Enquirer of,upon
the subject of theTefusal to take The Land Dis
tribrlion money.-"II's all very well,"as Mrs.
Ca1dle says, 10 petk up nosr, and assume airs Of
superior public virtue. But pray, why was the
Distribution fund, (as many insialmen,s Of il as
coulfS procured, J SO readily accepted in GtR.
JSckson's time' The party, then, took, with all
thankfafness, the Public Money, and applied it
to the purposes of the Stale.-There vas then
no ''hemming and having" about the matter
Why tne difference, The pure hands of the
Stale have been "soiled" ouce-ner is theslain
washed of by the afeetatio6 assumed nowss We
grant that fund now refused would not pay all
the expenses Of Education as We saic be-
fore-ii weuld be itswould be
something to go upon--it would help The great
cause And We repeal, 3thai moi single valid,
substantial reason, can be urged in support Of
The persistence of The dominant party in The reg
fusaI 10 take what belongs to the State BY la,c.''
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1845-06-19

e-For The bspef,Gf those Of the farmers Who
hf1yesfOn "tespPeisn ce principles. !" We publish
the following recipe FOR making instantaneous
beer, from ~ American Housewift,r which,
whist ], is wholesome, is strictly tee-tOtsl.
"Put 10 pint and half OF water, fourRtea.
spoonfnisof ginger, table spoonful ofassS mon
juice -swesten i 70 iheiasie with syrup or white
sugar, and turn il into junk bottle Have
ready sEcork 10 Fl the bottle string or wire 10
lie Ii down, and 4 malleiio dive down the cort
Then put into The bottle heaping -tesspoonful
Of the super carbonate 81 soda, cork il immedi-
aIely, tie ii down, then shake the whole up veil.
cut the string aud the cork will fiy out. Torn il
out and drink immediately"
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1845-06-19
Historical COLLECTIONS or Virginia.


We have rarely met with work which has
given Us mora satisfaction Than the Historical
COLLECTIONS Of Virginia containing COLLECTION
of lse most Interesting Facts, Traditions, Bio.
graphical Sketches, Anecdotes, &C., by Henry
Howe.
This Book should be 10 the possession Of eve
~ virginian, who wishes 10 trace the history Of
bis State from her earliest settlement TO the pre-
sent time,io be cOnyersani with the principal in-
eiden,s in the lives Of her great mer, and 10 be
familiar with heT, different sections and resOur-
ces.
The engravings are Of better character Than
are generally found in. booksof moderate cost,
and are scattered through the book with a. pro-
fusion which shows that the author has spared
no pains to illustrate bis subjects, and mpari to
them all the interest Of which they are suscepts
BILE. =
This is The third work Of the kird hat Mr..
Howe has published His collections of New
York aud New Jersey have been some time be.
foEe The public, and are highly appreciated.
lPstsrsburg Iaitllige,esr.
MIR. Bradley is now IN our county win Mr.
Howe's Work on Virginia. We commend him
and bis hook to. all Of our friends whom be
may call upon.
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1845-06-19
HON. wAI. LUCAS. .

The Romney (Locol Gazette, places the name
Of the Hon. VIZ. Lasas al lis mast head, Is lis
preference for. the Gusernalorial once, asd in
compilshsnt to his abilities, says;
"Eie IS 4 man every way qualified to fll the
chair &c State. Ills reputation is too well known
d the peePlssef The State to reeGIre any eulogy
fson cur pep. That be will s1oserve the bes,
ia,eresls ef lie people fys fact now feb by al.
Ills past course u cpagfess is easranty i me
future, Il elected, as be deserves to be for his
deity and integrily TO our wants and interests
a. msn, ae IS unassanire; as dem ierat, be
is 6fn. IS a politician, modest, retiring, apd
never emhi,iefed BY party strife. He under
stands ~hai labor IS. aud eau feel for The pro-
ducipg classes