The New York herald., 1845-10-15

[From Newburyport Herald, Oct Isl
The Introductory lecture before the Lycerm, on FIJI
ticket for the whole to every hearer
capacity Of the Chinese than those who have had no
opportunity of intercourse with that people have been
learned as nation they are Industrious and
hey ond others the whole country is like bee hive
Learning has the first place in public estimation. and
books numerous as in Europe. catalogue which
Mr. Gushing had in his possession of single library,
occupies ten volumes. Public debated BY
the populace much in the United States and public
opinion has much influence in China the govern
ment as with The fatal error OF the Chinese has
been in giving too epicurean character to their habits
the fact that at the close of all letters to ano<he the
written sautation is wish you tranquility and pro-
notion They lack only military skill and discipline to
make them powerful nation capable of repelling in
vasion OF overrunning contiguous counress for no
From the tone Of MIR Cushng remarks we should infer
that he supposed they would ultimately attain this
military skill and discipline Mr. 9. remarked that the
fate OF the Chinese should be warning to those utopan
dreamers among u.s. who would devote all intellectual
and physical effort to the arts Of peace the extinction
Of that martial spirit without which independence can
never be maintained.
China does not need any foreign trade. Within her
own territory she prodaces every thing requisite ior the
repeatedly assured Mr. that this commerce from tho
outset had been literally forced upon them by the
English and Americans adversely to the interests and the
wishes of the Chine Sc government and people.
Newspapers we'll books abound and circulate
ticuary penetrates to every part Of the empire They
annually publish red Book, similar to Blue Book,
giving the names and emelumens Of all public oficers
In regard to the population of China, Mr. Cushing
seems to be OF that the Chinese census does not
overrate the number and that the three hundred and fifty
millions which they claim is not far from the true
number Tie land and the water Of a country, as large
as Europe teens with swarming living alike IN
boats the and houses In the southern part
Of the country two crops year produced and the
poorer classes subsst little rice, and te flesh OF
dogs CATS rats &C. To the cities and towns there are
fhn nnlu mn f0Ot
and horses other beast OF burhen kept to re-
lire large ranges of pasturage The pop ulation IS
crowded into the narrowest limits, by long succession
Of ages of peace and industry The compensa on asked
by the servants which Mr. c. in his character of Amer
can Ambassador employed was only hys dollars "a
clothing.
The Chinese have long been acquainted wi III all the
themselves tho inventors with the exception only of
the steam engine. Machinery has not been introduced
among them, because of the effects it would produce
among such crowded population by throwing immense
numbers OF handicraftsmen out of employment. Hence
the success with which English ana Americnn manu-.
factures sold there the cheapnes
Of Chinese labor Mr. c. nmaed the possibility that the
introduction of these foreign manufactures in the coun
in China which the introduction machinery would and
by throwing out Of employment great numbers Of work
belief however, that our commerce. with China ives
susceptible ofmuch increase that there was now no
great maritime power engaged in navigating the Pacific
immense upon that vast ocean, and to be the
great controlling power upon it, OF course, suppose
he looks not only Tor the annexation OF Oregt but oil
California and the whole western coast Of Mex co. before
the consummation OF this prediction.
The wrong impressions which have obtane in regard
to the Chinese character, have been causId by the
always difficult and often translate from
primitive language which frequently make what in the
original was rational and serious appear i'm the tran
station absurd and ludcrous.
New MAIL ARRANGEMENT. The Montgomery
(Ala) Journal OF the LIST inst, says: We understand
that new route Is In contemplation which will expedite
tne Northern mail to this place 10 hours in advance Of
The present time Several experimental trips been
pade at the desire Of the department. and successful
as to leave no doubt Of its easy praoticaby
gers arriving here twelve hours before the mail The
route is through to Atasnta the terminus Of III Georgia
Railroad and thence through La Grange West Point
Chehaw and this place. Columbus will be Supplied by
way route, and the distributing Office will be removed
to La Grange or this place. which gives great gain in
speed.