The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1845-12-26
CONN uNIc ATOMS
cHEnoKrE ArrAlns-Ns ~


CHEROKEE AFFAlRs-Ns v
o,isia q Il. ,e,sf,,- causi,ss iss's,s. 4 ~ -
h pie aud n tie toB,msa prsgsssN pseFe.d - i-ir
4 aud eonssnuaaisd ~ lsi7 sa1 lsia = Tsoafsl . q
4 the ChuoLss Hsiiou vssi-- rsaiy y is2e,
j | proccedNo sho~ the inissiiss q ~ Ueli'd
States TO the Cherokee old settlers usai q ths Ma
sisslppl.
A band Of cheroksss ss,dta on a. s. f,sas-
Iiyer, within the present State ~ Aiksnsss, pI,i -
1870, whence they afterwards Isf.otsd ~ Nh,te
river. Frequent intercourse eaa ktpi sr ash ~
Cherokees eaci, aud the supsTtaf khfnng Etoprda
IN that region Irtip'ed msnt ~ :hs yeufg Ard 60
terprieing TO join their bioihtta " tbt ~t1i
In 1908 portion Of tie Checkers saa ks3 aaas
considerable advances ~ civil ration and * cal.
ture and project started "a separate ihsm ifou,
their more boTbarous country men by DIVISION a.
the Cherokee country aud the fofmation ~ tao
communities. Delegations of 10th psfuss waited
on The President Of The United States in firsIancs
of that object. At Washington, howsyer the dele.
CATION Of the party which may be- called hantoIs,
proposed TO effect the separation by cesslen IT,
the United States Of their portion Of the Chcrokfs
country east, emigratng TO Arkansas, and there
celving as much land as might be surrendered ~ he
| east. This proposal waa aceeded 70 by the Presi-
dent, who promised TO eonsummale the arrangement
us soon as they could explore country ~ Arkansas
which suited them, and was not occupied hy any
| other title of Indians.
! considerable emigration 10 the settlement on
i
ing, aud the United States, early 1919 sent an
! agent to live among them. The Cherokees we're
now, ia fact two separate tribes, bat the division
had not been formally recognised by the United
i States
In 1911 the Arkansas chiefs, in company with
delegation from the eastern Cherokees, visited
| Washington for the purpose Of concentrating the
arrangement agreed upon in lS0S treaty was
accordingly formed, by which 1t was agreed that
census Of all the Cherokees east and should be
t,l,. aIa al,
naming IN the country east, and in another those
who might elect TO emigrae, together with those al
| ready living on the Arkansas; that the Cherokee
country east and the annuies should be divided be-
tween the two classes IN proportion TO numbers; that
the portion belonging to the emigfants should be
ded to the United States; and that the United States
should give them, in lieu thereof, the same quantity
of land on Arkansas and White river, "acre for
acre" The same treaty offered reservations IN fee
| simple TO such CherOkees would agree TO sepa-
rate from both divisions of The tribe, and become
citizens of the United States. This treaty created
great excitement among the Cherokees east, lest,
by emigration and resei vatons, their tribe should
be broken up. To close the door opened by this
arrangement, delegation of eastern Cheto1ees via
tied Washington in 1919, and formed convention
by which it was agreed that the census should be
dispensed with, and that onethird of the annuies
should be paid to the Cherokees west; and tract Of
country, estimated TO be equal to what the United
States were entitled to by the treaty OF 1917, was
coded absolutely TO the Cned States About -four
millions Of acres were surveyed between Arkansas
and White rivers, the quantity of land to which
the emgrants entitled; and the two tribes
thus CONSTITUTED settled down, each it's own
| lands, under us own separate government. They
were treated by the United States, and were in fact
and in law two separate tribes, as much SO az the
| Pota1atomics and the Creeks.
In few years extensive settlements Of whites were
made west OF the mississippi and the time was fast
approaching when they would claim 10 be male an
independent State, and admitted into the Union.
The location Of the western Cherokees such
to interfere with the limits which it desirable
to give to the new State. To obvate this inconve-
nience, they induced to remove further back;
and in 1928 treaty was made with them, by which
they ceded their four millions of acres TO the United
Stnes, and took in exchange therefor millions
Of acres further west, with $50 900 in money, and
| sundry other grants and privileges. The eastern
Cherokees were not considered by either party, as
having any interest in these arrangements, and
not consulted Again, in 1893, the United States
made another treaty with the western Cherokees to
readj just their boundaries again solemnly guaranty
ing their lands and privileges, without consulting
the Cherokees east.
Thus had the United States not only consented to
the establishment Of an Independent Cherokee tribe
in the west, and conferred upon them separate
property, but on two occasions, without consulting
the Cherokees east, made treaties with them giving
and taking cessons of land.
In negotiating the treaty of 1928, however, the
Unleu StattS induced the western chiefs to invite
their eastern brethren TO come over and join them
in the west--an invitation, which has been perverted
to their ruin. The preamble to that treaty COM
mences as follows "Whereas it being the anxious
desire of the government Of the United States to
cure to the Cherokee nation of Indians well
those living within the limits of Arkansas as
those Of their friends and brothers who reside in the
States east Of the Mississippi, and ,oho MAY cish
jon their brothers Of The pest, permanent bome,''
&c. This shows the anrious desire" of the United
States. II was that the western Cherokees should
admit among them such of their eastern brothers as
might ',oish to john them "in the ,ctst." The
western chiefs concurred with the United States in
this desire, as is shown by the preamble to the 9Th
article, viz "rhe Cherokee nation west of the Mis-.
sssppi, having, by this agreement freed themselves
from the harassing and ruinous effects consequent
upon location amidst white population and
secured to themselves and to their pos,erity under
the solemn sanction of the guarantee of the United
States as contained in this agreement large extent
of unembarrassed country; and that their brothers,
yet remaining in the States, may be induced TO join
iem and enjoy The repose and blessings csuch state in
the future, II Is further agreed, the part of the
| United States, that to each head of Cherokee
family now residing within the chartered limits of
Georgia, or of either of the States east Of the Mis-
sssppi, icho may desire 10 tosst shall be given
on enrolling himself for emigration, good rifle,
a blanket, and kettle" &c, &c.
| Did the western Cherokees part with their eX-
elusive title to the Cherokee country west by this
| invitation 10 tnelr eastern brothers! On the con-
| rary, the invitation based on their having
acquired such exclusive title to themselves and their
posterity." II.
Is there anything here which authorized the
United States TO force the whole Cherokee nation
east to emgrate, and force the western Cherokees to
receive them On the contrary, every expression
in the treaty Of 1923 looks TO poniary emigration
to such "mdy WISH 10 join their brothers in the
,cest'-such as may be induced 10 join Mem"-such
as "may DESIRE 10 remore rest" II such only
that the western Cherokecs were willing to receive,
and such only that the United States undertook to
provide for
John Rogers, one Of the signers Of the treaty Of
1928, has long been exile from his country and
is now in the city Of Washington. Did he and his
associates authorize the United States by that treaty
to force John Ross and his clans into the Cherokee
country west against their o,rn icW and against The
piN 9th mesierR Chsrckses? Yet the United States
have done it.
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