The New York herald., 1845-04-26

THES SOUTHERN NAIL
WashlnQtOn
Correspondence of the Herald ]

WASHINGTON, April "a, lsl5
Foreign Neus- Feeling Consequent thereon Specu-
aions as 10 the ofthe British Ministers fer
getting "hu6y' all at once-Mr Calhoun and
Mr.. B1chonan-Is Mr.. Buchanan eouaf TO the
Em9gsncy?-O Opinions conflicting thereon-Rfa-
sons ahy England ,oont go to War-Ertra Ses.
sios-hr Polk and has haue,xal-Mr Caleb
Gushing and his Glorifcatiom about the Chinese
Treaty. Credit thereof due to Commodore Eear-
ney-Some Facts Correspondence promised to-
morrov- Regulation about Navy Dress-Vaiue
ofths GiObe-Members Of Congrsss
The Engllsh news, by the Caledonia, received
this morning, at full length, in the Herald, has
created considerable excitement. The public senti-
ment ls, however, unanimous that not one inch of
the Oregon Territory should be given up to the
"menaces" or 'threats" of Esgland. Rather, say
they,go to war Il hundred times over, and bequeath
war to our children, than yield a single inch
War, and war to the knife, is IN the mouth of
every one-no one thinking for one moment of al
lowing Great Britain TO cheat the United States bv
her diplomacy, or bully them by her threats and
armaments out OF what they are individually en-
titled 10. Even those who went their length
against Texas, go the whole figure for Oregon II
Is ours-indlsputably ours-and ours it must re-
main.
to what has induced the British Ministry, ali OF a
sudden, TO assume this arrogant tone What, ia
asked can be the reason tor assuming all this furry
OF wounded dignity at passage IN the address Of the
American Presidents, which they themselves say
does not possess the importance of an official docu-
ment-nor can II be regarded forming part of Ie-
gslative proceedings? Why did they not resume this
tone when they received Intelligence OF the pas
sage OF the bill for the occupation Of Oregon in the
House OF Representatives, by a vote Of three to
one? Why wait till Congress had adjourned4-
Why take exceptions to these words in an address
not possessing 'the importance of an official docu-
ment?" Can it be, ask the friends OF Mr. Calhoun
-and even some OF those who cannot be called the
friends OF the great S0utherner-can it be that the
Ministry of Great Britain has assumed this threat
ening, menacing tone, because Mr.. Calhoun was
not retained in the State Department! And be-
into the assumption Of a lower and humber tone
than Mr.. Calhoun used in relation to eur Foreign
Affairs? and because they think that Mr.. Packen-
hams assertion 'that Mr.. Calhoun was the hard
est man he ever had to deal WITH for there was no
getting round him at alp does not, will not ap-
ply TO Mr.. Buchanan? Do they think they can set
round Mr. Buchanan? And will they get round
him? is the question anxiously added by those
who think Mr.. Buchanan not equal to the emer.
gency.
The general opinion appears to be that Mr.. Bu-
| ity, and it Is feared by many that he will not be
| found equal to the emergency. His friends, how
ever, say that these men don't know Mr.. Bucha-
nan. True, he is cautious, say thew and 40 he
ought to be, but he is also firm, and the more YOU
push against him the more he won't move; and
they say that the present is the very opportunity to
bring James Buchanan out in bold relief and show
what he Is, and so put HIM in the straight and
high road to the Presidency. II is earnestly to be
desired that Mr. Buchanan may prove to be the
man his friends represent him to be, firm and saga
to yield one atom OF the just rights of his country
for in such course the administration would
undoubtedly be supported by the country, even if
Great Britain should make war upon this giant
young republic.
A common opinion seems to prevail among the
community here, that there is more smoke than
fire in all this English outburst. Most persons say
that England knows too well her internal dangers
to go to war with this country, and SO give the
Irish chance of making themselves Independent;
with troubles brewing in Canada, France ripe for
a war, and the almost certainty if once she goes
to war, it must and will resolve itself into gene
raj war, in which all would be against England for
the sake of the spols which she holds in such
large proportions SO tempting and tantalizDg to all
other nations.
There is some talk about an extra session of
Congress being convened, though until something
more dehnlte should be done, II Is difficult TO con-
ceive what Congress could do just now. There is
great activity in the State Department just now,
and Mr.. Buchanan had long conference with the
President this morning, and he also received de-
spatches from MIR. Pakenham, by the hands of his
private secretary. No one seems TO expect for
moment that MIR Polk will retreat from the posi-
tlon assumed IN his inaugural, and great anxiety is
manifested TO learn, if possible what was the pur-
port Of the dispatches sent by Mr.. Pakenham, and
what will be the reply thereto. Nothing, howev-
er, is as yet known on this subject.
from China. received very great amount Of go-
rifcatlon on account of his successful diplomacy
with the Chinese, because he went there, signed
treaty, and came back again. twill be interesting
TO your readers, and the public generally TO know
that the actual credit, or the greater part OF the
credit to be attached to this treaty, belongs OF
right, to the gallant Commodore kearney, whe
went out to China during the British war, in the
Constellation, accompanied by the Boston, in order
to protect American Interests &c. The gallant
old veteran nobly performed his duty, and only
protected American commerce, but placed his
country an equal footing with the English, had
direct communication with the Governor of Can
ton, demanded aud obtained redress Tor injuries
inflicted and, had he been vested with powers,
would have made and completed the treaty ter
which Mr.. Gushing has received so much credit
As it was, he had correspondence with the Imper-
al Commissioner on the subject, obtained from him
a promise OF equal privileges with those conferred
on the English, after their expensive war, and
commended the sending of an American agent, in
connection with commercial afiairs to treat with
the Chinese, long before Mr.. Gushing. or any one
else in this country, ever thought of treaty with
the Chinese. All these facts will establish by an
abstract OF very voluminous correspondence now
on file in the Navy Department. which will for
ward to you tomorrow, with copies of some of the
m ost important OF the correspondence between
Commodore Kearney and the Imperial Chinese
Commissioner. Give justice to all men, and do
old tar, TO bind round the brows OF Mr.. Gushing,
or any other man.
The following regulation has been issued by Mr..
SeC1ctdIy DducIolt, WHICH, IL III DC perceived,
makes some import ant changes in the dresses OF
naval officers 1t is Mr.. Bancroft's first general
order:-
REGuLArIoy.-NAvAL UNIFORM.
The following changes and notifications in the uni
FORM prescribed for officers in the Navy hereby
authorized to take effect from and after the 4th day OF
July, l546.
Commanders shall wear a silver anchor and half
inches long, the strap oil each epaulet
Leusnsnts shall wear two epsulets each epaulet to
have plain strap gold lace and to be secured to the
strings through eyeet holes the coat to have
so hullt hol(t of
that for the epaulets Of Captains and Commanders.
Passed Midshipmen and Midshpnen shall wear band
Of plain gold round their caps established
for officers instead Of the present anchor
and star.
Pattern epaulets and caps will be procured and deposit
ed each navy yard standards TO which officers shall
conform