The New York herald., 1845-11-03


The Caledonia, with advices to the 10Th, is in her
fifteenth day, and has probably arrived at Boston.
We may receive her news this afternoon.
The Acadia leaves Liverpool tomorrow, for Bos-
ton
The Hlberna sailed from Boston on Saturday, for
Halifax and Liverpool, with sixty passengers, in
cuding bearer OF dispatches to our Ministers in
London and Paris.
The Great Western is to leave this port next
Thursday for Liverpool
Critical Position of MIR. Folks AdmInistra-
Mr.. Polk has now occupied the White House for
nearly eight months. He has made in the custom
AIRY manner, public declaration of his views and
opinions on all the chief questions connected with
the domestic ana foreign policy OF the country. He
has organized Cabinet which still exists in ap-
pearance at least, IN its original cohesion He has
established an organ, after the necessary work of
demolition had been perpetrated on that OF rece-
ding dynasty Thus far, the administration has
gone on with tolerable calmness and quiet but the
storms and gales OF tempestuous winter are now
nigh at hand. The trying and terrible hour OF dit
fculty and danger has almost come
The first few months of any administration are
not, IN ordinary circumstances, marked by any
great scenes OF embarrassment peril. Everything
wears an agreeable aspect. Difficulties, to be sure,
there IN the matter of constructing the Cabinet
in making removals and appointments, and in a
variety of other affairs, which necessarily engage
the action of the new President and his chosen and
confidential advisers. But there is no open war
The murmurs of discomfort are hushed The op-
poste party looks quietly on, and concocts its
scheme of future operftons All the opposing ele-
ments patiently await the opening OF Congress- -
Then fairly begins the scene OF fierce and furious
conflict. Washington once more resounds with the
din and shock of contending factions. The party
presses again TEEN with scurrili,y, slander,
abuse, and every species of assault The ad-
mlnistratlon finds itself in sea Of troubles That
ocean which had been so recently smooth and un-
rutfled as summer lake. and on which the admin
lstration had been floating SO peacefully, is now
swept by the hurricane. Eddying whirlpools, and
shoals hidden even from the most experienced eve.
and terrible breakers, and thousand perils and
dangers, threaten the voyager. Ii is like the
gallant packet ship, sailing in stately majesty down
the beautiful bay of New York, her canvass swell
ing gently to the avoring breeze-and the same
ship tossed the furious pillows OF the Atlantic,
struggling and aboring like some great spirit in
adversiy, TIL at last, mayhap, if in utter despair
Sne ylelus, ana IN one moment disappears tor
in the dark abyss of the unfathomabe sea-
Mr.. Polk's administration, let it be recolected,
has TO encounter not merely the hostility OF tha'
party to which it is politically opposed 1t mn
meet even from those of its own household the
most furious and unrelenting assaults. Let us
briefly review the past, and we will then see this
important fact clearly established. Mr.. Polk was
elected by the accidental combination in his favor
OF all the various factions OF the democratic party
He was not the popular candidate of the party-se-
lected on account of personal qualities, or distn.
guished public services. On the contrary, the lucky
circumstance for him was the absence of some of
those very elements which are deemed essential to
the success OF Presidential candidate He was
the best man because he was the least known The
various powerful and leading cligues of the demo-
cracy opposed to Mr.. Van Buren, were resolute and
lmmovable in their hostility. 1t was easilv
discovered that unless some plan were de-
vised, by which concerted action could be ef-
fected, the defeat of the party by the wings was
certain. Mr.. Clay was the candidate of the wings
man who possessed in remarkable degree the
personal elements Of success, appeal the sui
frages OF his felow-citizens throughout the whole
country. The wings were united to a man. In
these circumstances, faction itself, in the Ba
Grafton and common sense. The delegates saw
that the only plan which cool reason commended
was the cessation OF hosulites and union on some
man who might be found available"-that is, not
known party leader. 1t was Mr.. Folks fortune
to be proposed as that man. The proposition was
accepted favorably. His nomination was made and
agreed to, and by the powerful and united efforts of
the democracy he was made President Of the United
States.
But the cessation of hostilites amongst the fac
tions in the Baltimore Convention, was only tenn
porary cessation. That was perfectly understood at
the time. Union was agreed to only for Temporal
ry obect-the defeat of the wings and the triumph
of the democratic party Now faction has resumed
Its sway. The various cliques are again actively
prosecuting their individual views and purposes =
And each sees in the administration the greatest
barrier IN the way OF the accomplishment of its de-
signs OF ambition and aggrandzement, so against il
will be directed the hostility of ALL Mr. Polk now
stands In much the attitude that Mr. Van Buren,
did before the Baltimore Convention In the South.
the friends Of Mr.. Calhoun are uniting in greater
strength than ever. The Cass men are also in the
field. The Tyler men are stirring The disap-
pointed OF all classes and compilations are actively
engaged in organizing a systematic course OF oppo-
sltion to the administration. Then il Is to be borne
IN mind that several questions of the most momen-
tous Importance will occupy the attention of Con-
gress,and may Jeopardize in degree not now easily
esumated, the success of the administration.
Never, indeed, since the organization of the go
Vernment' mas any administration been called on
70 encounter more formidable opposition than
that which will assail the administration ne M,
Polk.
The first assault on the administration will b. on
the question of the appointment of public printer
Apowerful coalition has been formed for the nur.
pose of defeating Mr. Ritchie the candidate Of IN.
President This will be sort Of test Of the rela.
tive strength possessed by the administration and
its antagonists. Blair & Rives are in the field and
possess influences which will have most mpor-