davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Columbia Democrat. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1837-1850, 1845-05-10
THE JEW S.

The European nations are beginning TO
'ollow The example of this country, in re
moving The civil aud political disabilities
under which the Jews have 50 long groaned
rhe history OF this people has been, for
centuries, one Of wrong, conlumely, andI
oppression From the days Of Richard ,he
First, in England, when they we're massa
cred wherever found, 10 within a compare
lively late period, they have been subject to
prosecutions IN every shape and 10 Insult Of
all varieties. They have boen plundered in
Germany, debauched in Poand,and hunted
like wild beasts from their fair shores Of
Spain. Even where the sword was no lon
ger whei against them, unjust laws have
shut them out from the powers of the Slate.
It was reserved for this republic TO throw
open freely to them, as 10 all others, the
ughts and privileges OF ci,z 'nship. But a
better day is dawnng for the mairealed
Hebrew In England SI Rober! eel has
declared his intention 10 remove the civil
disabilities OF The Jews. In the free city oi
Hamburg the Senate and College Of the
Ancierts have just declared IN favour Of e
nancipallng The Jews, on account Of the III
mense sacrifices they made &c sucror The
numerous victims Of the fire Of lS42 S,
ass in Brunsw wick; the regning duke o
which has just presented 10 the States
lbiIl, having for It's objeot-l TO sboisl
Ihe present law, ordering all Jews 10 TAXI
lhe oath in Courts of Justice mere juddict
only, and-2 70 permit them to swear il
The same way as Christians, by raising lh'
right hand and invoking Almighty God =
Similar intelligence comes from Berlin.
letter saya: III is confidently stated lha
The Government. is preparing bill to gran
the Jews some Of the civil rights which the,
are a, presen, deprived Of In Hungar,
the Diet lately passed law granting to III
. Jews the greater part Of the rights enjoye
}. by the people who ale not noble, bstn di
: not receive the royal assent These chan
n lberE have now voled another bill, the objec,
. of which are lsl 10 confer on The Jew
!, The right of living in all The towns of tn
kingdom indiscrlminateIy, and there carr
lon their trades and professions, even SON
1f the learned pTolesSions;-2dly, to aho
sh .he special capiIaIion tax imposed npc
'f hem, This will probably receive The en-
F. peIor's sanction.
The Columbia Democrat. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1837-1850, 1845-05-10

TIE RuMoR OF an extra session Of Con
giess, which some Of he letter writers al
Washington set sAoa, was cOn,radlcied a
lay or Two ago by The teligencer. and is
now CONT adicied by the Union.
Speaking Of the Oregon negotiations,
,he same paper says: we do not under
stand that The Executive Of the United
States has any intention OF closing The door
10 any negotiation with GIeat Britain on
he Oregon question, We certainly do
no, understand that ,hs negotiation nbou,
Oregon is a, all end; oi thai our admins
ra,ol 10 determined or willing 10 terminate
| it; or lhaI iheie is no prospecl of smicsbly
adjusting lhe dispute, ,has II must necessa
llIy end in breaking uplhe peace Of The two
great countries, We yet trust Ihe cas-,
may 60 forward to it's peaceful and reasona
bic decision,' and in spite. TOO. of all th'
unnecessary nenaces Of The British minis
isrs and all tho clustering Of Ins LOndoT
jourpaIs.'
The Columbia Democrat. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1837-1850, 1845-05-10

MR CLAY. Some Of this gentleman
Doli,lcal friends and admirers have sub
scribed a sum suiIicient to relieve h Il
f ON pecunialy embarrassment, occasion
d by endorsing for relative who fail
d. The rum subscribed was 5000 A
ieuer from Lexington, KY, TO gent
lomon in Som, rvlle, Tenn, speaking O
Mr.. Clay, says;
He (Mr. Clay has been largely il
debt, bu, within lhe last week his en-
tire indebtedness, amounting 10 nss
Isso, ooo) was cancelled, and bis note
delivered to him from bankl The grea
man was deeply Slieeted.and asied VIII
had done this hing. 'We know not,
wss The reply, she money wss deposit
ed 10 Suor credit, and your notes AZ
esnevllsd. II need moi c1ncern you wh
did i,i il was not your enemies.
The Columbia Democrat. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1837-1850, 1845-05-10

Letters from Washington represent tha'
the Cabinet are united in the determine alton
to maintain the high ground assumed in
the Presidents message respecting Oregon
Mr.. Buchanan is said 10 be framing an
elaborated snd forcihle res,a,ement Of the
American lille, in which the tons Of the in
inaugural will be fully maintained. Mr
Bancroft, too is making every necessary
preparation for ,he most vigorous measures
in the Gulf of Mexico, where he is con
lcerirsting most formidable naval force
The Secretary of,be Navy will shortly. i
,s expected, make an official tour to tn
North, Of inspection Of the Navy and il
co operate defences
The Columbia Democrat. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1837-1850, 1845-05-10

The Virginia Elections have resulted, a.
usual. favorable TO the Locos. But one
Wing member ofCongress has been elected.
The above we clip from the last Danv'Ie
Democrat merely for the purpose OF show
ing what reliance can be placed upon the
political statements Of that paper, aud with
what ease it can slip over great Demo
cratic victory, like the one lately achieved
in Virginia.
IN the Legislature Of tha, state for several
years past, the Wings have had a majority
on joint ballot, and have elected Whig
Governor and Wig u. S. Senators. They
have also, frequently elected a majority oI
The members Of Congress, as was tho case
with the last representation. At this eIec
lion, which the Democrat Gays has result
ed as usual in favor Of the Locos,' the ID,
Docralic party have elected majority o
both branches Of the Legislature, and four
teen out Of Gfteen Of The members of Con
gress, changing entirely the political com
plexon of the State, And this is passe'
over with lhe'casual remark that the eleC
hlon has resulted as usual IN favor of tn
Locos.'
The Columbia Democrat. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1837-1850, 1845-05-10
DIRE lDFUL EARTHQUAKE.
1HE CITY OF MEXICO.

Al lHE CiIf OF MEXICO,
Mexican papers of the l2th ul,. contain
the account of ar awful Earthquake which
partially desolated the city Of Mexico on
the 9Th ult.
Al SO minutes past O'clock, p. NJ saws
the Sglo, (of the city Of Mexico) the oscil
la,ioons began, slgh. at first, and then
stronger The direction of the motion an
peared 10 be North and South. |, las,ea
abou, two minutes The shocks were ter
rible, nothing like them ever EXPERIENCED
before, and the, condition of the buildinco
too surely proves the absence of all exar
G Grafton.
We were by chance upon the grea, souare
al The time, and we witnessed spec,ooIo
not easily forgolten,in an instant the mul;
lude but momen, previous TRANQUIL and
lislless were upon their knees, prayino ,o
the Almighty and counting with ANXIETY
the shocks which threatened to conver, TIM
most beautiful city in the New Word i,,o
vast theatre Of ruins. The chains sur.
rounding the porllco were violently agilat
ed, the flags of the pavement yawned omen.
the trees bent Grghtiully, The buildings and
lofty edlices oscll.ated 10 and fro, tie i'm.
mense arrow which crowns the SUNNI, Of
he cathedral vbraled with astonishing
rapdity, at SO minutes past three the
movement had ceased.
| |; is impossible to ascertain the deslruc.
ion. Not house or door bu, bears the
marks of this terrible calamity. Many Of
hem are cracked and greatly injured, so ne
re toitering, and others entirely fallen.
San Lorenzo, In Nisercorlia, Tompaste,
Zspo, and Victoria streets and the Grand
street, have particularly suffered The
bride of Tezontiale is demolished. The
Hospital Of Saint Lazarus is in ruins, and
y The churches of San Lorenzo and San Fer
dinand greatly injured.
c The magnilicen, chapel Of Saint Teresa
no longer exists. Al ,be frs, shock, the
Gu pola, building Of astonishing strength
and great beauty fell, and was soon follow
ed by the vault benea tn the tabernacle and
he tabernacle itself.
Fortunately all those in church SO
much frequeD,ed, succeeded in escaping..-
A, eight o'clock last evening, seventeen
persons had been taken from The ruins o
other buildings aud carried to the Hos
pilsl
At three quarters past six, and quartz
past seven two more shocks were felt
e. They were, howeve, lgh', and OCCASION
ed nothing but temporary renewal Of Ter
IS ror.
S. The authorities did everything that yea
re and humanity could suggest, 10 carry hell
Of 10 the victims, and restore the aqueduct
which furnish water TO the city.
The Columbia Democrat. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1837-1850, 1845-05-10


Ne,e Discovery IN Relation TO None-
| is stated in The Sheffield (Eng,) Mercury
that scientific gentleman residing at lp''
wich, Mr.. Frederick Rsn,ome, engineer
has lately discovered a method whereby the
hardes, slone can be brought into conss-
tence resembling common putty, so that 1t
ca be cut aud moulded into any shape, or
useful and ornamental purposes, without al
,ering its general character and appearance;
for il becomes as hard, and in some inS'an
ces even harder, than when aubjected 10 the
process Another peculiarly of the process
is, Iha, any color or variety of colors. can
|be impaired 10 its solid substance so
that an endless variety of shades Jean be
produced, and as it is capable OF being pol
lshed, il effecIually IesiSls the action Of he
weather, Ii can also be used as a cement
and can be brushed over the surface Of wood
so as 10 render it liIe proof.
The Columbia Democrat. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1837-1850, 1845-05-10
r 'otal

This sum will probably be increased TO
two hundred thousand dollars or more be
fore The subscription cease.
The Pittsburgh American corfects ap es
Innate now gong the rounds Of the papers,
which gives the loss by the fe a. only
|S3 ,476 600, and adds-'Our estimate Of the
she whole was 50 600, 600, ,wo-thrds OF
which was personal property
1t is also denied that but 8 0 900 or 8 5.
900 was insured OH, of the city Of Pinsburg
as one institution held policies 20 the
amount of $4,000 in the burnt district.
The remains of Mrs. Maglone, who los
her life at the fire, have been found among
| The ruins.
The Columbia Democrat. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1837-1850, 1845-05-10
ENTERPRISE IN PlTTSBURG.

The burnt district will shortly be entire
ly rebuilt. In every section OF The city
burn. over, animation prevails; stores and
dwelling houses ale already going up with
extraordinary activity. Contracts have
been made for the immediate erection of a
bou, 300 buildings.
The Columbia Democrat. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1837-1850, 1845-05-10
MORE MORMONS.

The steamer J. NJ. White brought up
las, evening l73 EogIish and Irish en-
grants; he greater portion Of the Fog
ish are Mormons, on their way to Nsu,
VOC. The steamer Champlain arrived
with nearly 100 Germans.-N. L0u'
AeW Era.
The Columbia Democrat. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1837-1850, 1845-05-10
FOUR MEN KILLED BY LIGHT
MING.

Four men 10 NJ organ county, Ohio'
while sitting logelhar in an open por'i'
co Of house on Tuesday of last week
were struck by Lightning. Two oil
hem died Immediately, and The DINER
wo in a few hours sfer.
The Columbia Democrat. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1837-1850, 1845-05-10
NEW YORK LEGISLATURE

There are 1913 members of the New
York Legislature: 65 of whom are farmers,
l3 mechanics, Ia merchants, II lawyers
and only one gentleman
The Columbia Democrat. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1837-1850, 1845-05-10
FORGET-ME.NOT.

The Journal Of private traveller says
tina, The beautiful liule flower, commonly
called Gorget-me-no,,' blooms in luxuran'
profusion above the graves of the heroes oI
Waterloo
The Columbia Democrat. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1837-1850, 1845-05-10

Jerome's Clock Faclory,at Bristol Conn
was burnt on Wednesday, through spark
from the furnace. Il comprised eight build
ings, and was the largest establishment Of
,he kind in The county. Loss S25, 900
insurance in Hartford, EIna Office, slo,.
600
The Columbia Democrat. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1837-1850, 1845-05-10
FOR

JUSTICES AND CONSTABLES,
Printed on shee, for the purpose of Post
ing up in their Offices,
FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE
%The Law requires every Justice and
Constable to have his bill of fees posted up
in his office
The Columbia Democrat. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1837-1850, 1845-05-10
EzsGEI55r=sszS . .zsIsssa

A Mr.. Tuule, of Washington county
Ind. has recovered $500 Of H. W. Sml'h
The clerk Of Washington county, for issuing
c>nHsry 10 Law, marriage license 10 his
daughter.
The Columbia Democrat. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1837-1850, 1845-05-10

THE PHGNIx BANK al Hartford have
receive back $4,000 Of The Sil3o0
paid 10 the Cleveland gentleman, on me
sham package. =
The Columbia Democrat. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1837-1850, 1845-05-10
PITTSBURG AFFAIRS.

The following are the amount already
ascer'ained to have been subscribed for the
relief OF those who suffered by the late
The Columbia Democrat. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1837-1850, 1845-05-10

APPOINTMENTS BY THE PRESI.
DENT.
HENRY HoRN, Collector a, the Por, ol
Philadelphia.
Henry WELSH, Naval Officer
ter.
Hon. THOMAS NJ. PETTIT, y. s. Dis
nicl Attorney.
HENdRcK b. WRIoHT, Treasurer of the
Mint.
Hon. B. A. BIpLAoK, Charge 10 New
Grenada
The New York herald., 1845-08-11
The Grand Promenade Saloons and State Rooms,

ornamental capitals of great beauty. Twelve sinI-
lar columns also range down the walls on either side
Between these Latter and the entrances to the sleep
ing berths, are ION each side of the deck) eight
piIasters in the Afabesque style, (of which cuarac
ter the saloon generally partkes), beautifully paint
Ell with oriental birds aud flowers. On either side
are seven doors, which open into ms many passages,
each Of which communicates with four bedrooms.
The archways of the several doors are tasteully
carved and gilded and are surmouuted with neat
medallion heads. Some looking glasses are go ar
ranged as reflect the saloon lengthways at two OPP
posiie sides, from which very pleasing illusion is
produced. The walls OF this apartment are OF de-
lcatc lemon tinted drab hue, relieved with blue,
white, and gold. AT the stern end are number OF
sofas, which range above the other nearly up to
the stern lights AT the opposite extremity is
The New York herald., 1845-08-11

-s------------------
.--==----==-==-s----.- - - =

economy IN working. The reasons are these the
tonnage or power of carrying cargo. increases in
triple ratio with increase of size, but the power
and fuel necessary propel, increase only in two
fod or duplicate ratio, to the increase OF dimen-
sion thus, if the length, BREADTH and depth Of one
vessel be double those OF another, coRteris parbus
then the tonnage will be 2S,2I2 ighhod that Of
the first, but the mechanical power and fue required
will only be 2E2, or fourold; this for equal speeds
the power OF engine, and expense Of fuel for an
eightfold cargo, are only fourfod proportional
advantage, therefore, is realised Of two TO one. So
much Tor size but there is an advantage also IN
regard TO the effect OF adverse weather, and OF hea
Wy In the case of the large vessel; for the
waves are just as high which encounter the small,
the large yessel-proportlonaly, therefore, to the
size OF the vessel they smaller obstacles to the
progress OF the larger ship The COED effects of size
extend also to the capability Of economy in long
voyages We have seen that the proportion of pow
tor an equal speed is smaller in the large vessel
there is therefore, smaller relative space occupied
by the engine and by the fuel for the voyage, that
is to say, much larger space is available for prof.
table cargo. Again, as regards passengers, large
vessel Will carry more than proportonable height
out Of the water; may have, therefore, more decks
and so accommodate greater relative number of
passengers. All these things, therefore, in ia
vor OF
great slze IN certain circumstances, and this point
practical one, perhaps not easily established
d prio,i. Il is want of employment at remuneranve
rates II there be not sufficient trade between Ame-
iici anu i1hgdHd 70 Ill tliS snip WIFI passengers
and cargo both ways, at least fill her nearly as
well others, then assuredy the Great Britain will
not pay There are some who are of this opinion
Her owners are OF the opposite opinion. 1t is a
point We have no means Of determining
We have not stated, neitherha we forgotten, the
opinion OF some, that steam ships have been already
made too large, and that we should go back rather
than advance in size. They found this opinion on
the instance of the unhappy President and British
Queen. This, however, Is mistake; the President
and British Queen failed from very simple cause,
the feebeness of their construction and the exces-
sve fulness of their form 1t is well known 10 prac-
tica men, that the. strength Of timber and the fas-
Jennings OF these unlucky ships not greater than
other builders employed for ships of one-third less
tonnage. This extreme weakness Of construction
was notorious, and ended as the best Judges of such
The New York herald., 1845-08-11

matters expected II would. The argument, there
fore, is geod agllns weakness not size
Inc next question regards therefore, her con-
s'ruction, the material Of which she is formed and
ule manner IN which II put together Is she strong
enough! And on this point we NAV saw withnnf
hesitation, thai those best acquainted with such sub
lecs are thoroughly agreed that iron ships can he
made much stronger than timber can be and that,
especially Tor use with steam. iron is peculiarly
adapted The heat of the boilers, the evaporation
and moisture OF the engine-room, and the coal-dust
are most injurious TO timber, but very slightly on
IRON Besides, tor passengervesse there il, in an
iron SHIP the absence of the very offensive smell of
the biige-watsr. So much for the material, durabi-
hty being the point still left undetermined Next,
as to the disposition OF the material, we must con-
cede to the constructors of the Great Britain
much ingenuity and sound Judgment in their ar
rangements tor strength the great thickness of the
bottom, one inch OF solid iron plate exclusive of the
rlbs; the numerous and close iron knees, the long
IRON keelsons, which run through the whole floor Of
the ship fore and aft, the thorough iron partitions.
and, above all, the complete lower decks of IRON
are devices which give immense strength and seem
to afford perfect security There but one part Of
the ship where these ngements are mpracticabe
we mean the engine-rootn; but we are assured that
the connexions introduced there render il the
strongest part of the ship-this however is not our
oPlnion AS apiece OF good work kmanship, the hull
OF the vessel deserves all praise the workmanship is
clean, smooth and faithful.
But the first point which strikes connolsscur Is
the form or mould of the vessel-her external sur
lace. She certainly appears handsome the critic
ron IS, that she does not seem so enormous as one
expects to find her-this mammoth-ths leyiathan
this monster of the deep! She looks trim and
handy; and were it not for the strange number of
poles, some half dozen, which are called masts but
look more like hagstaffs, on the deck one would adj
INIT that she was large, hut would hardly say enor-
nous. II IS only when one descends the dark chaos
OF her INTERIOR PAGES her deck, conscious that in
single turn from the rudder and back, he has ira
yelled tenth part OF mile it is only then that ne
flnds himself a pignly--she a Brobdlpnar And
then, the look OF utter contempt condescending-
ly bestow on the Insignificant little East Indaman
moored IN sight, sends us home with the conviction
that we have obtained for all sea craft and gi-
gantc standard of size. "She is enormous, but she
does not look so!' This is the highest complimen,
we can pay.
The New York herald., 1845-08-11

The chef peculiartes of her form are however
those which we do not sce-those in the water,
which give her speed and other properties The
speed sne has shown, In opposition to most Sc
we're Wedtner and heavy seas, attributed 10 her
flne'y turned water lines These lines are formed
on peculiar principle, and presents to the eve close
resemblance TO the mode OF construction now known
as The wave water line principle The only part of
the appearance of the bow we do NOT like is. the
enormous Hare out of the upper part which, howe
yer. some think requisite, to raise her over sea
we are OF opinlon contrary, that it gives the
sea surface To batter as was well seen on her vow
age round from Bristol, when the bull's-eyes and
bows were heavily struck Neither can we altoae-
ther approve Of the swelling out OF the sides above
the water, which gives tendency to heavy rolling,
OF which also the passengers complained in coming
round. Otherwise, the vessel is elegant and judi
clous; and the bodness which induced the con-
structors TO adopt the most improved form for the
water lines OF the bow, must be regarded merito-
nous, now that it is justified by the event,-that
which was called rashness before success, is now
wisdom.
B we must descend from our promenade on the
eeck into the huge caverns of the cauldrons below.
Ihe trat Pecuarlty noticed, is the engine and the
enormous chain and chain wheel for driving the
screw: Four separate steam engines drive round
the axis OF this monstrous whee-two at one end OF
the axle, two at the other-the wheel between. The
cylinders are placed apart at the bottom of the YES
sci, and the piston rods, which issue out Of them,
converge to the end of the cranks of this wheel =
Each PAIR OF engines work crank, and the two
Iono aiC Piaccu az right angles, Dut the cnaln Is
the extraordinary thing there are grooves on the
wheel-at the end of each link of this huge chain
there are teeth projecting into these grooves SO thai
as the wheel revolves the chain is compelled to re-
volve with it; at the bottom of the vessel, immedi-
ately below the great wheel lies little wheel or pl-
mon having grooves cut in its circumference of the
size, and at the same distance from each other.
though much less in number than those Of the large
wheel. The same chain passes round both wheels,
and while the large wheel revolves by the power OF
the engines once, the small one revoves as much Of
tener as 1t Is smaller. The small wheel has for its
axis, the axis Of the Archimedes Screw which il
attached to the after end of the axis, and protrude,
through aperture at the stern into the water III
revolutions give motion to the vessel by the ir reac
ton on the water Such is the vital principle Of thi
Monster of the Deep.