The New York herald., 1845-12-07

ARRIVAL OF Mas. BUTLER GA1K Miss FANNY
kEMBLE Mrs Butler arrived IN Liverpool in Phi
ladelphia packet ship last week, and she intends
again making her appearance on the stage.
The New YORK PACKET SHIPs.-Since our last
publication, we have had three packet ships from
New iork-the Oxford, Capt. Rahbone, on the
9th j; the Columbus, Capt. Ward, on the 18th and
the Rochester, Capt. Porter on the 10Th. The news
by each went by our usual Expresses TO London,
and other parts OF England, Ireland, and Scotland.
Our papers by the Rochester, being sent to the post
Office, were entirely useless-as our Express was
IN London before we got them. We obtain Ameri-
can papers for the exclusive use OF the British Press,
and we shall always feel obliged by the gentlemen
who command these splendid vessels delivering our
papers to our messenger, or at our oce, otherwise
their value is lost. We are hourly looking for the
Montezuma, which, under the command OF Capt.
Lowber, never makes long passage. Tiiner II
Smiths Times, N5r 10.
THE GREAT BRITAIN.--The Great Britain did not,
as was anticipated, sail from New York on the 25th
ult, her appointed day, but was detained until the
afternoon of the 2Sh ito which date she has brought
advlces from the United States, being nine days
ter, which reached this port on Sunday. The ship
started 10 good trim, and was going on very well
until IL p. M. on the Both, when something was
found wrong with the propeller, which was striking
and after two or three good thumps, the arm broke
oil. The ship then continued with very slow steam,
and was seered bythe sails the wind north eastery,
and the vesselmaklng very good way, seven to nine
knots, until the lst instant, about T. M, when
another of the arms of the propeller broke leaving
only one (thought the repaired one) and the arm OF
another, with a small plate which had been placed
on the end OF 1t. The most was then made OF the
sails, and the propeller was just kept from dragging
the vessel going at times ten knots, though when
the breeze was from the eastward she only made 81
knots. The vessel felt the sails directly, and was
considered to possess very superior sailing quall
yarx r,,I Do, ,I,o
circumstances. On the 9th the ship made 81 knots,
close she c5ud lay with fore and att sails, reefed
topsall and malnsa, which is noted as ''good sail
ing''
About quarter past five the remaining arm OF the
propeller broke, leaving only the halt arm and the
small piece OF another about two feet from the
tire. The steam was cut down as low as possible
AT twenty minutes past one on the 9Th the engines
were stopped, and all sail set they could carry. The
wind freshened gradually into breeze, and the
ship scudded and steered beautifully taking a spray
on the larboard quarter and beam occasionally, but
as easy or easier than any ship which the ever
witnessed. On the 1lth, two ships were seen ahead,
which were come up to at the rate Of two miles
hour, close hauled. This" says the log, is
wonderful, with our little spread OF canvass, and
more than was expected The weather continued
variable, though inclined to be squally, thick and
dirty, until the 10th, when daylight cleared oil, and
they were favored with fine breeze. running all
day 10 and ii knots At half past l, A. M, on the
l7ih, the ship passed the Tuskar at IL was off Ho-
lyhead, at /, p. M, a pilot, and two steam-tugs
were obtained off the northwest light ship which,
after waiting some time for water, brought the le
vlathan safely into dock.
RAILWAY MovEMENTs.-The London Times
has published document relative to the railway IN
OF this country which has excited much nte-
rest, and good deal OF alarm. The document ex
mblts the astounding number OF ,263 projected
companies, 10 carry out which, will require nearly
twO-thlrds OF the national debt of England Even
the deposit OF ten per cent will alone absorb E53,
63U 1t further appears that there are tory-seven
railways completed, representing capital Of
7O,6Sp,S0. In the course of construction there
are lis lines OF railway, to complete which, evrn
with the parliamentary power of borrowing ore
thlrd on debenture, will absorb f67, ,359, ,325-ro
that the invested capital in rails, leaving entirely
out OF view the new announcements, Is already the
enormous sum of tll3,6l2, ,048 But if the old, the
new, and the announced undertakings are added
together with the ten per cent deposit, have the
incredltabe sum of G649, ,5S3, ,790 required for this
branch OF trade alone. The world never witnessed
such folly, knavery, and madness, before. The
Times argues, very properly, that if six millions Ier
| annum, which were drawn from the ordins ry
sources OF trade to complete the lines which are
| now finished, had a tendency TO derange the cur
rency, and cripple legitimate commerce more or
less, the twenty millions per annum, during The
next three years, which will be required for the
rails now III actual erection, and already sanction d
by Parliament, must have far more Inurio Is
effect, and must press injuriousy upon business OF
every kind; while, Ii only two hundreds Of
the new speculations be added, the whole frame
work OF society stands chance of being brought
to dead halt
Corn CROPS OF THE WoRLD-Since the deter
mnatIon OF Ministers to do nothing at present TO IN
duce more plentiful supply of food by opening lie
ports, deal o discussion on this subject has ap-
peared IN the newspapers, and the following sum
mary OF two very useful and important article 8,
which have appeared in the London Times is TAX n
from the Spectator. The object is intended to show
what would be the probable sources for mportatlo IN
II tue ports were thrown open; compilation from
materials which are not published, but which, we
are made to understand, have been collected with
great care, abroad as well as at home. The folow-
Ing are the general results. The principal countl
OF The West and South of Europe are at no time ex.
porters OF wheat In France the present crop is
probably not below the average, but also not more
than sufficient 10 compe nsae for the destruction Of
other food In Spain and Italy the harvest has b. an
indifferent. Hungary is blessed win abundance /;
but that vii be all required to make up for the def
cheney In the other Austrian dominions The stock
at Trieste has never been SO much reduced as it is
now. In the lower provinces OF the Danube and
Moldavla the scarcity IS great. The usually fertile
provinces OF Russia and Poland are this year impo
tlng. Sweden and Norway seldom grow enough
for their own consumption, but this year Denmark
has harvest of singular abundance. Its excess,
however, though large for so small territory, VIII
not go tar as relief TO the necessities of otler
countries. Europe, therefore, will supply but liule
IN our time OF need: what Of America There the
harvest has been excellent, the crop of Indian corn
especially abundant. The consequences OF the po
tdtOc ulscdSe are less severely IN
But the amount of agricultural produce available for
expectation has been greatly exaggerated The pro-
gress of the population almost outstnps the progress
OF the tilage the per centage of the export com
pared with the population and gross produce has de-
creased since the end of the last century; and the
whole surplus produce of the United States to for
eign countries. including Canada, is in fact grown
IN the territories north and west Of the Ohio river
far from the shipping ports Of the Atlantic. For
some years to come II will not exceed twelve ml-
lions OF bushels, or 1900 900 quarters; and the lar
gest importation direct to England that of 1910, a
year OF uncommon abundance, was 6l5, ,972 bushels
OF wheat and 620 9l9 barrels OF flour. The effect Of
our Corn laws has been to render this tribe with us
variable and acknowledgement on casualties and
not deliberately provided for.
The subject OF maize, or Indian corn, demands
especial attention. Maize is eaten both green and
ripe. We have never tasted the green, so lauded
always seemed, from our taste far from palatable
however, 1t is wholesome grain, and almost as nu-
tritious as wheat. The growth Of it in the United