Mississippi Democrat. (Carrollton, Miss.) 1844-18??, 1845-03-05

never heard OF any. Besides this, we
have asked Maquinna and other chiefs, since
our late arrival. II Captain Mears ever purchas-
cd any land Ia Nooika sound. They answered
MOI
introduce this TO exhibit tho bold and
unprincipled tone and nature Of English
diplomacy. BY this treaty, British sub.
lects acquired the right Of free access, and
Of carrying on their trade without moles-
tation in any settlements to he made by
either pary--to fish, to land on tho coasts
and islands situated in the northwest terri
tory, "for the purposes Of their fishery,
and Of erecting thereon huts and other
temporary buildings serving only for those
purposes When this treaty was attack.
ed in Parliament on vote Of thanks 70
the King for his success in this ncgoIia-
ton, Mr.. Pitt, the organ ofthe government,
maintained "that though what this country
had gained consisted not Of nep rights, It
certainly did Of new advantages"
This Is tho treaty on which England
now relies TO sustain her claims 10 Oregon.
This is the basis on which oil her super
structure rests. Remove or destroy this.
and the whole fabric falls and leaves that
trading and bargaining government with.
out even pretex, or shadow otsrighi,
and puts her in her own proper attitude Of
that hard master "who reaped where he
had not sown, and gathered where he had
not strewn.'
Now, Mr.. Chairman, !, is a principle Of
International law, universally observed and
enforced among civilized nations, that all
treaties are ended by n war between the
parties. And after the return of peace
they must be formally and distinctly re-
newed, or they are forever null and void.
To this rule, at all events, England can ne.
yer object; TO its observance she can never
refuse assent When the gentleman from
Massachusetts, Mr.. Adams in 1915, at
Client, insisted that this rule did not apply
10 the privileges our citizens derived from
the treaty of 1888, to fish on the banks of
Newfoundland, and 10 land on the British
American coasts for the same purpose,
and which were suspended by the war of
1912, Lord Bathurst repicdi "Sho eng
land) knows Of no exception to the rule
that all ircatries are put an end 10 by n
subsequent war between the same parties"
In the year l7D8 bos,illies began 10.
tween Spain aud Great Britain, by u de.
claration made by Spain, and continued
till tho year 1914, when The treaty Of Ma
drid was agreed npon and signed; in which
the treaties Of commerce which subsidized
between the two nations in The yenr 1909
we're revived, ratified and confirmed. And
as the treaty of Noolka was not distinctly
alluded to and revived, unless Il is to BIO
considered in the light Of treaty Of com
merce il is now abrogated and annulled.
And if the treaty Of Nootka was 6 trea-
ty Of commerce." and revived under ihut
generic term England can claim under i,
only commercial advantages;'' and I'M
der those privileges il is worse than AFRO
giant presumption for her 10 claim any
right or tile to tho country west Of the
Rocky mountains.
Mr.. Chairman, ] have endeavorod, in as
concise manner as possible, to explain
the present relative position Of the parties
TO this Oregon territory. Is it, then, in
violation Of the true spirit and meaning Of
the third article Of The treaty Of 1918 to
pass the bill upon your tablet Ii behooycs
us 10 be so careful Of our honor as never
to infringe right. The bill provides for
the organization Of n territorial govern
ment throughout the whole extent OF Ore
gon lying between the Rocky mountains
and the Pacific ocean, and the parallels Of
AZ and 81 deg. and 40 min. Of north at!-
tude. 1t provides for the appointment Of
governor, Judge, and all the officers ne
cessary 10 well regulated community. II
enacis laws, establishes military posts,
and organizes militia necessary for the
protection and well being of the citizen
and the government. AT the first blush,
this would have the appearance Of an ex-
ercise Of exclusive sovereignty and exclu.
siye possession over this territory, which
would operate 10 the prejudice Of the rights
Of British subject'. But such construc-
ton would obviously be ut variance with
the intention Of the legislature. Outlaws
are made for our own people, and our own
people only. British subjects can enjoy
their commercial privileges, have FREQ In-
gress and egress, carry on trade with their
own people and the Indians without mo-
lesialion, in perfect consistence with tho
jurisdiction herein extended over that
country,
In 1915, tho British negoliaiors were
very anxious TO obtain the free navigation
Of The Mississippi river. Suppose il had
been granted: would the United States,
have been debarred from extending the
laws Of this government over its own citi-
zens in all the country which lies upon its
wa,ersl No ono for moment could have
tolerated such an absurdily. The English
vessels would have been permitted 10 pass;
hut our lau md our ann wnuld hayn cngnr.