Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1845-03-03
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vol. XvIII.-.NO. 81.

states helnN admitted lie did not mean 10 say lhat t1
clause rel, Ued only TO such Territories were within
the limits IT the United States al The time Of the aop.
ton u The Constitution II applied 10 the Terrliories
Much should In included within the national limits ~
the time when States be Turned ou, Of them.
virginia had ceded ~ The United SIaes IN l7S4 tho
vast hds Of the lands northwest Of The Ohio. and IN
The mel of csshn bad expressly stipulated that the ter
ofy ceded should be divided less than thieo
nuf inafe than five republican States which should come
Into the Union equal fpoling with the original
STA These embryo States formed class Of candi
dates lar admission into The Union, and were Of course.
wilhn tho vlcw nj The constitutional provision.
hui ihs vas M, ALL There were several Stairs, Of
large and dsrronofilonae dmensions within which IL
was lafesecn new States must arse. Virginia at that
tune included within her miis what Then called tho
district al Kentucky THIS Territory was, even then,
aspiring to rise into the dignity Ut STATE, and had en-
tered ioo arrangement with the Legslaureof Virgil
MIA ar that purpose Then ihere the patriotic and
hlgh.spted Community Il Frank'and--,he germ oi tho
future STATE OF lenncssee-euhfaced within the limits
o Noth Canulinn. She then IN substance sepa-
rate community exercising Dr. tacto, though in aslye VI
almost Arcadlan simplicity many Of The attributes ot III
dependent sovereignty. Besides these there was the
Territory of Maine within the limits Of Massachase,ts)
also aspiring after dignity. There was moreover,
Nermonl lying within Tertiary claimed by the State VI
New Nnrk, hui having lnn since set up separate Go
vernmeni. and enrntsll, demanded admission into tina
Cnnledefacy. The Senator'S avn State, too, wps At
that imn agliaed by schemes Of division, which, they
had been unfortunately carried INTO execution, would
hciue the keyslone u. the Federal arch Within the
broad limits Of Geofgia-lhen stretching what
the Slatrs nj Mississippi aud Alahamat was inn
rnsshle net Ia trsee that States wnuld also arise
Thus the country stood when The Constitution was a
d1ried, and II in view Of this Of hlsgs. and ot
the fact that there power 10 the odd Confederation
IN admit new States that this much perverted clause was
inserted.
Here then, WIRE FIVE new States 10 come Ia out Of
the Northwest Territory, besides all lh,se other aspiring
sclons from The larger States. which springlng up
all sides The old Conied, ration, strange ~ may
,ppear possr'sed rowef 10 admit nec Sfuies ou uf
domestic hriiofy GA this point Mr.. r. would call
The attention al The Senate 10 number OF the Federal
ISL IA which Mr. Madison distinctly stated this defect Of
puwtr IN the old Confederation and traced 10 tina, de-
iec The origin Of The clause in the pesen, Constitution
which gives 10 Congress the power 10 admit new States
into The C0on Nobody knows better than The Senator
from Penn-y vania. Tint II is fundamental rule, in tho
construction Of all remedial acts, consider The state OF
the old nw the delnc mischief existing under II, aud
then The remedy furnished by The new law, which must
he construed 10 correct the particular defect mis-
rhle which existed under the old law. Nav. Mr. res
dcnl le, us what Mr. Madson says Of the want Of
power under the articles ii Confederation, In the 3Slh
number of The Federast. speaking of the Northwest
Territory which had been ce,ed 10 The Uuned s,ates
by Virginia, and which Virginia had obtained positive
stipulation from The old Congress should be divided into
not less han three more than five Republican States,
he saws.
Congress have assumed the administration OF This
gfss have undertaken 10 do more; they have proceeded
Ia firm nae States. that s prospccively; 10 erect tenn
poay Governments, to appoint officers ior them, and I.
prescribe the conditions which such STATES shall be
admitted into The Conjcderdcy. All this has been
done. aud done uhom The least collar Of constitutional
dmihnitg"
We have OILY to connect with this passage wha, the
honorable Senator read to m the i3i number OF the
Frdeals,, written also by Mr. Madison. and have
complete clue 10 the true and inconiesilble mean
ing ni The clause oi the new Constitution giving To
Congress the power 10 admit new States INTO the union
After quoting thu whole clause providing Gr the admls-
sion Of new States the UnIn. Mr. Madison, In the
number ol the Fsjerast referred To, proceeds fol-
tiws
"ln the articles OF Confederation no ruv sion is found
on his important subject. Canada wac 10 be admitted
of iig uh her jining N the measures of The United
Snics and the other colonies by which evdeniv
mcal The other British colonies, at the discretion OF
nine SlneS. The eveniua establishment o STATES
Ia have been overlooked by the compers u that
instrument. We have seen The Inconvenience Ut
this omissun. aud The assumption II plwer ino
which Congress have been led by it, Wih great
ptopreiy, therefore, has the new system supplied tns
dcfcelo
The new Constitution was Our great rational RENE
dial act II was intended Ia The evils and de-
feels Of the ConfedeaIlo. Under The old system, there
had existed, We have seen, M aulhory 10 admit
States arising within The lmils OF the United States
thai was the defect 10 be corrected, and this shed
sl-tlhe Init un the tpe meaning al The new clause. -
Admission into The ConltdeEcy had been canoronsly
demanded for years by Vermont. and the oiher rising
communities 10 which lave referred WIRE showing
impatient desire 10 be admitted hlu the Cnion as States.
These young glahis were uneasy and restless Of their
condition OF puplage they painted 10 cast aside their tu
tots and govetnors and Ia the iogd ririis Of
State Sovereignty The passage in the 43d number Of
the Federalsl, quoted ahove, which rather unwit-
tngy, as II seeehed To me, tt his purpose read by the
hnurahe Senator from Pennsy vanla completed The evis
denee (even the proof Of negafipe) of The meaning
OF the clause aud went Exclusively 10 show that Tho
power admit States did not mean power tn ad.
mil foreign but American States. What does Mr.. Made
i4nn say that number Of The Fedealsll The articles
Of Confederation, he says. provided for The admission Of
Canada, whose aid in the war Of the Revolution We
were desirnns obtain. They allowed her TO come III
hv her py Joining IN thu measures II the United
Staeso and this given nanimous'y by all
the States; inserted in the articles Of Confed
Grafton themselves which the unanimous act Ut tho
old thirteen States. Al the same me the articles of
Confederation provided thai The other 'colonies" (neans
ing. as Mr.. Madison SAYS. British coones) might also
be admitted. hut without the OF nine Slaiesy
frmng tro-ihrdS of the States then in the ConedeTa-
cv But, at the same lime, says Mr.. Madison pro-
vision made by the articles Of Confederation fr the
admission Of States. "'rhe eventual establishment
of States" he says. seems 10 have heen overlooked
by the cumpers ofihat instrument" The wurds neT
States allcsed by him, and doubtless with the de-
sign Of conrradisng them trum foreign colonies.
BY the former. therefore, used in the Cunslitu-
ton. was clearly meant American States 10 he t,rmed
icifhn territory. The provision TO admit Cans
ada and foreign Brush colonies Introduced IN the ara
cles Of confederation when In the midst OF the