Carroll free press. [volume] (Carrollton [Ohio]) 1834-1861, 1845-03-14

our people to the Union. our avs shnuid
be Just. Any policy VIII ch s all tend to Ia
vo. monopoIics, or the peculiar inter sts
OF sections or dtsses, mu toperate o the
prejudice Of the int .ests Of their feiiow-clt-
izens, and should be avoided. Ii the COM
promises Of the constitution be preserved.
-ifsec,ional jeaiousies and h'a or j u rings
be If our laws Jr just
and the government be practically admin
istered strictly within the limits OF power
prescribed to tive may discard all APP
prehensions for the safety Of the Union.
With these views Of the nature, charac-
ter. and objects Of the Government, aud
the value of the Union,I shall steadily OPP
pose the creation Of those institutions and
systems which, in then nature, tend 10 per-
vert it from its legitimate purposes. ard
make il the instrument OF sections, cla7~,S,
and individuals. We need no national
banks, or other exTaneous institute OBS,
planted around the government 10 control
or strengthen it in opposition to the Will
of its authors. Experience has taught Us
how unnecessary they are as auXIiiiaries
OF the public authorities, how mPo'eni.ior
good, and how powerful for mischief.
Ours was intended to be a plain and fru-
gal government; and shall regard it to
be my duty to recommend to Congress, and
as far as The EecutIve is concerned, TO en-
force by all the means within my power,
the strictpst economy in the expenditure
of the public money, which may Je comPat-
ible with the public Interests.
A national debt has become almost an
institution OF European monaiches. 1t ia
viewed in some OF them, as an essential
prop to exj7.Lg governments. Meian-
choiy is the condition Of that people Y hose
government can be sustained only by a
system which periodically transfers large
amounts from the labor OF the many 10 the
Golfers of the few. Such system is m-
compatible with the ends for which our re-
publican government was Instituted. In
der a wise policy. the debts contracted in
our revolution, and during the war Of 1912
have been happily extinguished. By a Ju-
dicious application Of the revenues, not re-
quired for other necessary purposes, it Is not
doubted that the debt which has grown out
of the circumstances of the last few years
may be speedily paid of
congratulate my fellow citizens on the
entire restoration the credit oithe gener-
al government of the Union, and that Of
many OF We States. Happy would it be
for the indebted States if they were freed
from their liabilities, many Of which were
incautiously contracted. Although the
government Of the Union is neither in
legal nor moral sense bound for the debts
OF the States. and it would be violation
of our compact of Union 20 assume them,
yet we cannot but feel deep interest in
seeing all the States meet their public La
bilties, and pay off their just debis, at the
earliest practicable period. That they will
10 so, as soon as it can be done without
imposing too heavy burdens on their citi-
zens, there Is no reason to doubt. The
sound, moral, and honorable feeling Of The b
people of the indebted States, cannot be
questioned; and We are happy to perceive
a settled disposition on their part. as their
ability returns, after a season OF uneXam-
pied peCuniary embarrassment, TO pay off
all Just demands, and to acquiesce in any
reasonable measures to accomplish that Oh
ject.
One Of the difficulties which we have
had TO encounter in the practical admins-
tration Of the government, consists in the
adjustment Of our revenue laws, and the
levy OF the taxes necessary tor the support
of government In the general proposition,
that no more money shall be collected than
the necessaries of an economical admins
tration shall require, all parties seem to ac-
uuiesce. Nor does there seem 20 he any
material difference Of opinion as to the ah-
sence of right in the government to tax
one section Of country, or one class of
citizens, or one occupation, for the mere
profit of another "Justice and sound poll
cy forbid the federal government to foster
one branch of industry to the detriment of
another, or to cherish the interests of one
portion to the injury Of another portion OF
our common country" | have heretofore
declared to my fellow citizens that, in "my
Judgment it is the duty Of the government
10 extend, as far as it may be practicable
10 do so, by its revenue laws and all other
means within its power, fair and just pro-
lection to all the great interests OF the whole
Union, embracing agriculture, manufac-
lures, the mechanic arts, commerce x nav
igation." Ihave also declared my opinion
to be in favor ofa tariff for revenue, and
that in adjusting the details ofsuch tariff
have sanctioned such moderate discrimi-
mating duties as would produce the amount
of revenue needed, and at the same time
afford reasonable incidental protection
to our home industry, and that was OPP
posed to tariff for protection merely, and
not for revenue,
The power "to lay and collect taxes, du-
ties, imposts, and excises, was indispensa-
Bile one to be conferred on the federal gov
eminent, which, without il, would Poss -
no means of providing for its own support.
In executing this power, by Ievying tar
if' of duties for the support OF govern ent'
the raising ofrevenue shoa'd be the OBJECT
and protection the incident. 10 reverse
this principle, and make protection the oh
ieot and revenue the incident, would he to
infict manifest injustice upon all other
-, .Lo protactad interests. In IDVyinp