Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1845-06-27

general burdens CT ihe Union as would form IN
excuse for its continuance, md nothing would he
more distasicnl 10 such parties, than hat INC
Union should be free OF all public debt. The ioi-
lowing extract from MIR. Folks Address, viii
best explain how this matter stands:
"'The power 10 lay and collect taxes, duties,
inposls and exeises,' was an indispensable ore
10 be conferred on the Federal Government,
which, without il, would possess no means o!
providing for lis own support. In executing This
power by levyins tariff OF duties for the support
OF Government, the raising Of rerennc should be
the otjcct, and protection The incident To reverse
this principle, and make protection The objefi ard
rercnue the incident, wunld be 10 inhct manifest
injustice upon all other Than The projected int
rests. In levyins duties Tor revenue, ii is doubt
less proper 10 make such discrimination within
the rsrenue wtnciPls, as will afford incidental pro-
lection TO our home interests. Within The reve-
me limit, there is discretion 10 discriminate;
beyond that limit, the rightfu exercise OF the pow
er is not conceded. The incidental protection
afforded 20 our home interests by Determinations
within the revenue range, il is believed VIII be
ample. In making discriminatons all our home
interests should, far as practicable, be equally
projected The largest portion Of our people are
agriculturalsts. Others are employed in manu-
features, commerce, navigation and the mocha
mic arts. They are all engaged 10 their respect
i've pursuits, and their joint lahois constitute The
national or home industry. To tax one branch
Of this home industry Tor the benefit Of another,
would be unjust. no one Of these Interests can
rish.fully claim an advantage over the others, or
TO be enriched by impoverish;ns the others. All
are equally entitled 10 The lOste ring care and pro-
lection of,he Government lnexercisine sound
discretion in lerying discriminating duties " IN
in The limit prescribed, care should De taken that
il be done in 4 manner not 10 benefit the wealth.
few, al The expense Of the toiling millions, by
axinglo,reN the luxuries of life or articles Of SUI
perior quality and high price, which can only be
consumed by The wealthy; and highea The Deces-
sares Of lie, or articles OF coarse quality and low
price, which the poor and great mass Of our peo
Pile mus, consume The burdens OF Govern
ment should as lar as practicable, be distributed
justly and equally among all classes OF our popu-
a!on. These general views, long entertained
on this subject, have deemed il proper 10 relic
rate. II is subject upon which conflicting in
lercsls Of sections and occupations are supposed
10 exist, and spirit of mutual concession and
compromise, in adjusting lis Details should be
cherished By every part OF our widespread coun-
ny as the only means oil preserving harmony and
a cheerful acquescence OF all in the operation ol
our revenue laws. Our patriotic citizens in eve
rs part Of the Union will readily submit 10 the
support Of their Government, whether in peace
or in war; if they are so levied as 10 distribute the
burdens as equally as possible among them =
This fundamental principle laid down and ac-
knowledsed in The constitution OF the Union, has
hitherto been acted upon with but lutte consislen-
cy, inasmuch as most OF such articles Is are pro-
duced in the States have been loaded with high
import duties, acting directly as protection 10 such
interests, and in some cases almost 10 the destfuc
lion OF revcnue while some Of the mos, ;Inpor
tant articles OF consumption, Tor example lea
and coffee, which are no. produced in the States
al ALL and on which, therefore, an Import duty
could only operate for The purposes Of revenue,
and in no way for protection, are admitted duly
free. Blu. these are the Inconsistencies which We
have reason 10 expect will be rcclitied By tie new
President, aided by the advice and assistance OF
Mr. Calhoun, and other advocates Of free trade
rolicy-a policy, which Mr.. Polk regards as an
act Of common justice TO all portions Of the COM
munty OF his own country In this respect, at
least We are glad 10 sec that his views are not
made 10 depend on those Of other countries, but
entirely upon an enlightened and humane est-
mate Of the true interests and respective rights Of
his fellow countrymen.
"Mr Polk is a friend 10 4 plain and frugal
Government, and 10 The strictest economy in the .
expenditure OF the public money and he says,
10y l0'llClouS application Oh IHe revenues, not !
required Tor other necessary purposes il is not .
doubled, thai The debts which have grown ont of /
The circumstances. OF the last few years, may
be speedily paid Off
bat this is precisely what The party in the
United States which is most nimical 10 free
introduction 81 our goods, in competition with |
their own manufactures, dread above all other
hag> ard il is, therefore not difficult 10 under.
sand why they should have encouraged The no
ton Of The FEDERAL Government assuming the /
dehs al the individual States Tie best inter-
ess OF This country, and an honest performance
Of the duty Of The Federal Government lowar5s |
the whole people Of The United States. would /
dictate tie course pursued BY Mr.. Polk ard The |
Intimate hopes Of The creditors Of those States. .
which, al present, do no. pay their deb,s will he
much more likely 10 be realized through The re-
suits .! that general internal Improvement Of he
Republic consequent upon an homes! application /
oil the principles announced BY Mr.. Polk, than by |
any iruitless auempt-for such AZ last would .
have turned out with any pary--to induce The re-
cogni,ion Of these claims By the Federal CO.
rernmenl.
"a great portion of The money in question, was
borrowed 10 construct canals and other public l
works That course which will render them, so
far as they have been completed, profitable, and
which will 50 induce TO their Ultimate entire com
pletion. will be the most likely 10 SECURE an early
resumption Of those claims, and their ultimate
liquidation and 10 this end we confidently look
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