Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1845-03-13

| OF these nave taken their position as members Q
the Contederacy within the last week. Our pop
niation has Increased from three to twenty mil
lions. New communities and States are seekn
protection anderils @gis, and mul,itades from tn
Old world are Hooking to our shores to partici
pate IN It's blessings. Beneath its benign swa
peace ana prosperity prevail. Freed from tn
burdens and niseries Of war, our trade and inter
| course have extended throughout the world
Mind, no longer tasked in de visiop means to accom-
plish or resist schemes CT ambition, usurpation
or conquest, IS devoting itself to mans true in
terests IN developing his faculties and powers
and The capacity OF nature to minister to his en-
Joyments. Ochlus Is free to announce it's inven
lions and discoseres. and the hand is free 10 ac.
complish Whatever The head conceives not incom
Patibie with the rights Of a feiiow-beinp. All
distinctions OF birth of rank have been abolish
ed. All citizens, whether native or adopted, are
placed upon terms OF precise equality. Ali are
enuueu 20 e9uai rights and equal protection. Nc
union exists between Church and State, and per.
Iect freedom OF opinion is guaranteed 10 all sects
and creeds.
These are some Of the blessings secured TO our
happy land by our federal Union. To perpet,,.
ate them, 1t is our sacred duty to preserve it.
Who shall assign limits to the achievements of
Tree minds and free hands, under the protection
OF this glorious Union No treason to mankind
| since the organization of society, would be equal
IN a'rocity TO that OF him who would lift his hand
TO destroy it. He would overthrow the nobest
STRUCTURE oil human wisdom, which protects him
self and his fellow-man. He would stop the pro.
gress OF lice government, and involve his country
either in anarchy or despotsm. He would ex-
tlnguish the hfe Of liberty which warns and ami
mates the hearts of happy millions, and invites
all the nations of the earth to initiate our example
IL he say that error and wrong are committed in
The administration Of the government, let him re-
member that nothing human can be perfect; and
'hat under no other system Of government reveal
ed by Heaven, or devised by man, has reason
been allowed SO free and broad scope to comba,
error. Has the sword of despots proved to be a
saier or surer instrument of reform in government
than enlightened reason! Does he expect to find
among the ruins of this Union happier abode
Tor our swarming millions than they now have
under il! Every lover of his country must shud.
DER at the thought of the possibility of its disso-
luton, and will be ready TO adopt The patriotic
sentiment, sour federal Union-it must be pre-
served" To preserve il, the compromises which
alone enabled our fathers to form a common con-
stilutlon for the government and protection of so
many States and distinct communities, of such
dlVersincd habits, interests, and domestic insl.
tulions. must be sacredly and religiously observ-
ed. Any attempt TO disturb or destroy these COM
promises, being terms OF the compact OF Union.
can lead TO none other than the most ruinous and
disastrous consequences.
lions OF our country. misguided persons have &C.
casionally INDUCED in schemes and aoitatons
whose object is the destruction of domestic inst-
tutions existing in other Standardization
which existed at the adoption of the constitution
and were recognised and protected Inv il. All
must see that II 1t were possible for them to be
successful in attaining their object the dissolu.
tion oil the Union, and the consequent destruction
OF our happy form Of government, must speedily
follow.
am happy 10 believe that at every period of
our existence as nation, there has existed, and
continues to exist, among the great mass of our
people, devotion to the Union Of the States.
which will shield and protect it against the NOR.
al treason OF any who would seriously conem-
plate its destruction. To secure a continuance
oil mat devotion, the compromises Of the consti-
tuition must not only be preserved, but sectional
Jealousies and hearI-burnings must be discounte-
nanced and all should remember that they arc
members OF the same political family, having a
common destiny. 10 increase the attachment of
our people 10 the Union, our laws should be lust.
ANY policy which shall tend 10 favor monopolies,
or the peculiar interests of sections or classes,
must operate 10 the prejudice Of the interests OF
their fellow-ctizens, and should be avoided Ii
the compromises OF the constitution be preserved,
Ill sectional jeaousies and heart-burnings be
o'scountenanced,-f our laws be just, and the
government be practically administered strictly
within the limits Of power prescribed TO Tive
may discard all appIehensions for the safety OF
the Union.
With these views Of the nature, character, and
objects OF the government, and the value of the
Union, shall steadily oppose the creation OF
those Institutions and systems which, in their ma
'ure' tend to Pervert it from its legitimate purpo-
ses, and make it the INSTRUMENT Of sections class
es, and individuals. We need no national banks.
or other extraneous institutions, planted around
the government TO control or strengthen il in on.
position TO the will Of its authors. Experience
has taught us how unnecessary they are as aux.
iiiaHes of the public authorities, how impo,en,
ior good, and how powerful for mischief
| Ours was intended to be plain and frugal 90.
veTnment; and snail regard it to be nv duty to
recommend to Congress, and, as far as the exec.
ntiVe is concerned, TO enforce by all means with
IN my power, the strctest economy in the expen
diluIe oil the public money, which NAV be com
Paiiole with ,he public intercsts.
! A national debt has become almost an instjtu
Won Of European monarchies. 1t is viewed, ir
some oil them, as an essential prop TO exis,inc
governments. Melancholy is the condition o
that people whose government can be sustained
only by a system which periodically transfer,
large amounts from the labor of the manv IN In,
golfers OF The lew. Such a system is incompati
Die with the ends for which our republican gov
eminent was Instituted. Under a wise policy
the de0ts contracted In our revolution, and durj6,
''I wa " .oA~' rave oeeB happily extBguished
by Judicous application of the revenues, no
required for other necessary purposes, il is no
doubted that the debt which has grown out Of In,
circumstances of the last few years may be speed
lily paid off.
congratulate my fellow-ci,izens on the entire
restoration OF the credit Of the general government
Of the Union, and that of many of the States
Happy would IL be for the indebted States If the,
were freed from their liabilities, many of which
were incauiiously contracted. Although The gov
eminent OF The Union is neither in legal nor
moral sense pound Tor the debts Of the States
and it would be violation of orr coronact a
Union 10 assume them vet ,un nnn.a, -, ct =