Mobile register and journal., 1845-07-24
From the Washington Constitution. Mn unPlVnNTAI u'ARIEE

ALBANY, July l, 1S45. "I entirely concur in your views, so far as they are developed, upon the subject of the tarlH iari
 for repsnue is what the Democratic party demands
 and what justice and sound policy must at last ac- l cord to them. And yet there is principle, even
 m la, ing tariff for revenue alone, which 10 me Is as objection ,be the principle of protection itself
 mean one fixed and uniform rate. or, as it IS usai- | y called. horizontal tariff. Are you in favor O n horizontal tara! We, the people, desire to no the opinions of the res ami politicians upon this point | as we'll as others. We want to known upon whom | we can depend "
 l The foregoing extract from letter, treating at | large upon political topics, and from source ol aoii- fly and enlarged experience, touches one point m connection with the subject of ihe tariff. which IS, indeed of great importance. We prnceed to answer Ihe question of espondent frankly and ex- plicitly We are absolutely and irreconciably op- posed to horizontal tariff. The practical apphca- ton of such principal would, in our judgement, be
 little less prejudlcal and disastrous To our coDmer- cia Interests-or, in other words, 10 the cause oi free trade than the doctrine oi the protectionisis | Both would be aSe restrictive and prohibiiory m | their operation. They might d1er somewhat m de- | g,ee bur very little in principle.
 No Government can he administered without the
 necessary pecuniary meaps to carry il on All wise aud prudent Governments will ra,se this amount IT that way which is mnsi couvenent, and least bur- 'lensume 10 the people IL has been fontd, by ex- perenee, expedient and convenient io raise t'
 necessary revenue to carry ihe opeI alto oi ou Government by levying il dui, upon imports. Dat
 as all dniies npon npnts are [" some extent, mn lrauce upon he freedom of commerce. II @ pro r'
 that the rate should be as low possible and varied with the nicesi judgement and most esi"rn'I 'e'
 discrimination, raise the greatest amount o. | revenue with the lowest raIe of duty This scrim- naion for 'evenue absolutely necessary, because the imposiiing of one uniform rae-say twenty hve
 per cent.--wnud prevent the importation of a grea number of articles. Some, because of their great bulk and incnnsideabIe value, would be prohibited; | and others, because of their great value and smai! bulk, il would be cheaper 10 smugg'e than to pay th, duty upon. Such, for instance, would be the case | with jtwelry.
 | The reiurus lo the Treasury Department for ihe
 year lS4I, show that articles t0 the amount of s537- l 186 were inp rted in that year. And even at tho present low a,ts off and 7i per cent, these re- 'urns probably do no exhibit ne.ha'i q" lh amot" of he lawelry brought nio ihe United ~ta'es in thd | ycnr w. haye heard in stated with req c0nf- that its introduction by smuggling can b l. . Sur' for eight len per cent IL Is obv ',iS, there
 fore that a of duty must he less than the rate
 ol insurance upon he illicit article, or else nout
 would pass lhraugh the custom hou.e. and, co"se quenty, reyeuue arise from il There IS max | lmum rate of duty for every imported article, by which the greatest amount of revenue my be raised without hardening imporiati0ns; cMr'ed beNon'
 Iha, point impnrtations would fall of til they reach
 ed Ihe point of prohibi'lon, and the importation o
 
 of Jewelry we have seen that the rate per cert o' lhe duty which it's importation would cease entire y, would be very low. The rate of duty by whici the greatest amount of revenue would be raised with out retarding importation, would vary greatly be
 tween ihe lowest and the highest rate of duty which
 it would be proper to impose. Hence, it results. that a horizontal tariff is unwise, inexpedieni, and Improper-and we might add, imprac!icable Tm effects of the protective tariff and the horizontal tariff are in man, respects the same. They prevent imporations, burden commerce, and tend to break it down. Whilst it is the object and the effect oi discriminating taritf to encou'ase mporia- tons, and 10 lay its burdens so lightly "po" each article, that no obstacle may be imposei uron freedom of its introduction. The perfection of an,
 tariff system, IS, after assuming any max iaun rate of duty-as fn instance 25 per cenl--so ,o discrim
 mate below tha, amount for repnnue, that the great est amount may he raised by the lowest ra'e each artlclc compatible with the object to be ained.- To ascertain this rate- impose these duties ju dicously and safely-to discriminate most advan tageousIy, requires judgment, experience, patience, and csndor. Such tariff we hope to see adpptet at the next Congress- Let il be laid m reference to tao'e great principles of justice and expsdency,