The New York herald., 1845-12-03


tions Of Port any other wines shall be subject to
the duty provided for the genuine article" imstions
of Port wine production of France imported
into the uniied States and the government
&c that coun'ry ci inns that, under correct
stricon of The these limitations ought not to pay
higher duty than tba imposed upon the original Port
wine of Portugal appears 10 me 10 oe unequal and
unjust that French limitations Of Port wine should be
subjected n duty OF fifteen cents, while the more val
liable article from Portugal should duy o six cts
only per gallon | therefore recommend to Congress
such legislation may be necessary 10 correct ihe me
quality
be last mended appropriation to satisfy the
claims Of the Texan government asain.t the states.
which had been previously adjusted far as the powers
OF the TX secuve extend These claims arose out oi the
act of darniug body Of Texan troops under the com
mand OF Major Snvely, by officer In the service OF
the United states acting under the orders Of our govern
ment; and the forcble atty into the Custom iuss at
Bryarly's l3ndng Red River, by certain citizens OF
the United States and takifg therenon the goeds
seized by the collector Of the customs forfeited under
the laws Of Texas. THIS was liqudaed debt ascer-
ained 10 be due to Texas when Indepe ndent State
Her acceptance OF the terms OF annexation proposed by
the United States does discharge invaidate the
claim recommend that provision be made Tor ats pay.
ment.
The comuis soner appointed China during the spe.
cia OF The Senate in March last shortly alter
wards set out his mission. IN the United states ship
Columbus. On arriving al Rio de Jaueiro on his pas
sage OF his health had become CRITICAL that
by advice OF his medical attendants he returned to the
United states early the month Of October last. Com
modore Biddle, commanding the East iodia squadron
proceeded on hi' voyage Ia the Columous, and was
charged by the h the duty Of exchang
ing with the proper authorities the rahcations OF the
treaty lately concluded with the Emperor OF china
Since the return Of the commissioner to the United
states his health has been much improved and he
terains the confident belief that he will soon be able to
procee his mission
Unfortunately, differences continue to exist among
some OF the nations of South America which, following
our example have esabh she the indepe while
in others internal discussions prevail 1t is natural that
sympahes should be warmly enlisted for their well
iare that should desire that all controversies be-
tween should be amicsbly adjusted, and their 60
| vernments administered in manner TO protect the
rights and promote the prosperity of their people 1t is
tn ftlaHn n
their controversies, whether external or internal
thus advered to all the subjects connected with
our foreign relations to which deem necessary 10
call your attention. Our policy is not only peace with
all but good will towards all the Powers OF the earth
While just TO all require that all shall he Just
TO u.s. Excepting the differences with Mexico and Great
Britain our relations with all civilized nations are OF the
satisfactory character II - hoped that IN this en-
lig hened sge, these differences may be amicaoy al
justed.
to Congress will communicate full statement OF the
condition Of finances The imports for the h>cal
year ending the thtieth Of June last were OF inc
value of one hundred and seventeen millions two hun
dred and tyfour thousand five hundred and sixty our
lions three hundred and forty thousand eight hundred
and thirty dollars leaving balance of one hundred and
hundred and thirty four dollars for domestic consump-
ton The exports for the same year were OF the value
forty FIX thousand six hundred and dollars which,
the amount domestic articles ninety nine millions
two hundred and ninety nine thousand seven hundred
and seventy six dollars The receipts into the treasury
during the year were twenty nine millions seven
thousand hundred ana thirty
dollars and fyx cent? OF which there were de-
rived from customs rwenyseven millions five hundred
and wenty eight thousand hundred aud twelve dol
lars seventy cents; from sales OF public lands Two mil
hous ssveuiy-se thousand and twenty two dollars
aud thirty cents; and from incidental and miscellaneous
sources hundred and sixty TIL go thousand nine nun
dred and 'nney eight dollars and hfy-sx cents Tho
expenditures for the same period were twenty nine mil
hundred and sixty eight hon and two hundred
and six dollars and ninety hit cents; OF which eight
millions hundred and eighty eight thousand one hun.
ded and fifty seven dollars and sxtytwo cents were
applied TO the pa of the public debt The balance
the treasury the first OF July last was seven mil
lions hundred and 6yeght thousand three hundred
| and six dollars and twenty two cents.
The amount OF the public debt remaining unpaid on
tho first OF October last millions seventy
ave thousand four hundred aud foitl five dollars and
IF y-two cents. Further payments OF tho public debt
would have been made in anticipation period OF
its n,ent under ,he authority conferred upon
Secretary lessury by the acts Of Jaiy t"eLy
first lsl and OF April fifteenth S42 AID March third
s43 had not tho ursetti state of rele with
Mexico menaced hostile collision with that power. In
view or such a contingency, it wa deemed rruden to
retain in the treasury amount unusually arge Tor Or
A IN ,esrs ago. our whole national debt gro wing
our OF the revolution aud the 1912, with Great
Britain extinguished and to the world
The rare and noble spectacle OF great aud growing
people who had fslly discharged every obligation
that time the existing debt has been contacted
dens OF other should be extinguishei at
the ATTEST practicable period should the state OF the
country permit, and especially, foreign relations
rpose obstacle ii is contemplated apply all the
money in the treasury they accrue beyond what Is
| l,lon che Iisb the nope OF beng able to
gratslate the country its recovering once more the
lofty position wich recently occupied Our eoun.
try which exhibits the world the beLei's of eligov
developing all the sources OF national pros
perity owes mankind the permanent example OF la
tion free from the blightng influence OF public debt
The attention Congress Is invited 10 the Importance
of max king suitable modhcations and reductions OF the
rates duty imposed by our present tariff laws Tho
object Of imposing duties on imports, should be TO raise
pay the necessary exrenses OF government
Congress may, Undoubtedly the exercise OF sount
disceton discriminate M arranging ire rates oi dnly on
different articles; but tue discrninasions should be with
in the standard and he made with the TO
raise money for the support OF government
II becomes imporaa; % uader'tani distinctly what Is
meant by revenue standard, the maximum oil which
should not be exceeded IN the rates oi duty imposed II
conceded experience proves that duties may be
laid high to ciminsh prohoIt altogether, the
importation OF any gwen article, thereby lessen or
destroy hich, at lower rates would be de-
rates aud are not imposed to raise money Tor the
support OF government II Congress levy duty Tor
,evenue OF one per cent on given article %l pro, pro-
incidentally and necessarily sford protection or advan
tage, to the amount Of cent TO the home manu-
fscturer similar like article the importer II
the duty be raised to ten per cent, II VIII produce a
greater amount OF money and afford greater protection
II be still raised TO twenty, wentyhs or thirty
cent and IT. raised the revenue derived from
is found to be increased toe protection or advantage wall
also be ncreased but IT be raised TO thirty one per c
found that the produced at that rate IL
less Thirty per cent, 1t ceases to be revenue
duty The precise point in the ascending scale OF duties
whice scertaincd from experience that the
is greatest is the maximum rate OF duty which
be laid the bo "a ide purpose OF collecting money for
support COVE 10 raise the duties
point thei eby diminish the amount collected IL
levy them for protection merely and not for
As long then Congress may gradually Increase
duty gwen article, ani the revenue Is
creased by such ncreae OF duty they within the
venue standard When they go ond that point and
as they increase the duties the is diminished
destroy ed, tho act ceases have for object the
ing OF money to support government but Is tor pro-
lection merely
II follow that Congress should levy the high
est duties all articles Of import hcn they III bear
within the standard: Tor such rates would pro
badly produce much larger amount than the econonf.
e "a m
Nor does II follow that the duties all articles should
be at the same, horizontal rate some articles VIII
bear much higher revenue duty than others. Below
the maximum oil the standard Congress may
and ought 10 discriminate the rates imposed taking