The North-Carolina standard., 1845-03-26
$50 9a VOLUME xI.-NUMBER .552 ii
], ,TER SIS 3 PER ANNUMia =
? si xlfe ePAYaBL e IJr,saDHaArCE.

Ieventual admission of the western country OF Wiz
ginia, and FaAnkland, (neR KeLtuc Ky and Fernea-
lsee) as States into the Unons without the consent
of the Legislatures Of those States; for although
they were then under the jurisdiction of those
States as we'll as within their Limits, il was not
Improbable that in course Of time, they might
throw off The jurisdiction of the parent States, in
case the consent of their Legislatures should be
Withheld, and apply for admission as Independent
States. ets-a = l f-5s ,,~.-ys gs. ga
But il has been insisted by some that the substi.
tute of Gouverneur Morris was not to extend the
power to admit new States of foreign terri.
tory, but simply 10 provide for the admission Of
vermont. Now, SO far from that being the OBJ.
ject of the substitute have shown that it was so
woTded as to exclude Vermont without the cone
sent of New York, and did moi, therefore, differ
from the article it was intended 10 supersede, so
! far as Vermont was concerned Indeed there
was much diversity OF opinion in thesconVention
as to the preprety OF ofpermittihg Vermont To- como
Ia without the consent of New York and while
the substitute was before the convention, and be.
fore the notifications OF itwere made witha view
/ to its admission, motion was made by Mr. Sher.
man to posi- pone the substitute IN order to take up
the follow ing amendment, "the Legislature shall
have power to admit other States into the Union;
and new States to be formed by the division or
junction of States nO4o in the Union, with the con-
sent of the Legislature of such States, and wasre-
lected, partly, no doubt because il would let in VeT-
mont without The consent of the Legislature Of
New York. The amendment was obviously OBJ
jectionable on another ground: i provided against
The formation of new States 81 by the division or
junction of States" then 6 in the Union 'but made
no such provision in regardto States which might
be afterUGrds admitted, TO this objection the
substitute itself was liable, bIE was afterwards q.
mended by the notifications which it underwent.
Ifthe object, Of Qouvenehr Morris was not 10 re.
| n H.
new States, but simply 10 provide tor the admis-
sion of Vermont, the simplest and most obvious
way of accomplishing that object was to move to
strike out the word "Iawfnlty,n her exclusion in
the article reported by the committee of detail,
we'll as in Mr., RandoIph's resolution, resting en-.
ltirely upon the fotce ofthat word submit, then,
Mr. Chairman, that the terms of the clause for the
admission of new, States, the circumstances by
which the convention were surrounded, and the
brief historical review Of the convention in refer
ence to the article in question: place il beyond all
controversy that "NEw STATES" whether Of fOr-
eign territory or within the limits of the United
States, are the objects upon which lhe power vest.
ed in Congress was intended to operate.
Mr.. Chairman, two modes Of admitting Texas
into the Union have been suggested by the sever
al resolutions WHICH have been pffered=-the one
TO admit il as State the olher TO 6dasit or accept
it as territory. maintain that it is within the
power vested in Congress 10 admit Texas in either
F! of the modes that may be deemed best.
If sir, have conclusiyely shown, as trust
have, thai the power TO admit new States extends
Ito States arising aosth0.t as well as ac3Atn the lin.
its of The UHitcd States, i will follow as clearly
as a corollary from mathematical proposition,
that Texas may be admitted as State unless
forsooth there is something solid in other objec-
tions which have been urged Those which seem,
to be most imposing, will proceed to examine.
Its objected that the power to acquire foreign
territory belongs TO the treaty-makihg power, and
is lodged h the Executive branch of the Gov,
ernment. and that it must be first acquired by
treaty, with the consent of twothirds OF the Sc.
nate, before the power 70 admit new States out
OF it can be called into action, and that Texas,
therefore, must be FIRST acquired by treaty before
it can be admiued as a State. That the treaty
power has been resorted to, in the instances, Of
Louisiana and FLORIDA, TO enlarge our limits and
extend our jurisdiction, we all know. And
freely admit that in those cases, and in all similar
cases. that power only could be properly rrsorted
TO- Think it equally clear, upon general prip.
ciplcs as applicable TO our peculiar and complex
system of Government the war power lodged IN
Congress, and moi IN Tie E1cegtive might, nm
der some circumstances, be made instrumental in
enlarging our limits and extending our jurisde.
lion. For, but for the festraints of the Articles
of Confederation, and now of the Federal Con-
stiution, the treaty and war power would exist in
each Of the States Of this Union, 10 their fullest
extent They are Indispensable To the political
existence pi the every sovereign and independent
community hese powers were transferred BY
the States of The Unionto the, Federal Govern
mont with all their necessary incidents, and vcs-
ted--the one ia Congress, The other in the Exc
eutive-fo be exercised by and with The advice Of
two thirds Of the Senate moi for the purpose of
impGiriag but streng theping, their political ex-
istence.l But what does ali this ptove4 Not
that Congress eesn6t admit Tsz6s as q State
or as a tcrritoxy II only proves that our clear
headed and far and iii idesceing ancestors badtbe
wisdom to arm that Government which is the ad,
n1iraIon Of the civilized world, with more powers
or means than one for the accom- piish1leRt Of
the same or similar ends leaving II 10 The wisr
dom or discretion Of those viii whom they might
be intrusted, for the time being, to resort to The
one or the bther, as, eiFchmsances might lender
necessary Vestihg ia different branches of the
Government power to accomplish, the same, or
similar ends, 70 Be exercised as circumstances
might render it most appropriate forthe one OF
the o.herto be 4esofled To-, does moi necessarily
produce any e6nEcLin theft exercise. Congress
has the power ii t1T 4ad collect tdres, dutieS
aid e1eisesa and also q 10 regulate com,
nssrSe adftk koTesga aaksoss" and hs ve generally
b1rescq bed The fetis by tariff Of duties npon
Which GOOD dsfrom abfoad may be imported into
tie UHited States; But IN some instances tho
treaty making po1et whose appropriate functions
ram 10 our foreign relations, has been resort.
tSs m oi1F af,,,,,v, IN