The New York herald., 1845-02-27

would, IN twentythree years, equal the tonnage OF
| Britain forsaw this, and was now STRENGTHENING
herself 10 meet the emergency Mr. Allen, in cor.
roboratlon OF the position assumed that the
hs essons o 'as s6s Of England amoSs
supremacy OF her commercial system, refer
RED to the Congress Of Nations at Vienna,
sIiaa whea @ .ne lesser powers of Europe were par
Gelea our among the five great powers In this
dlvision OF petty provinces. and detected nations,
s,reat britain had asked nothng-nothing at all
ohe only asked tor sterile rock here and there in
seas of the globe Malta, Gibraltar, and other
| sites tor her bristling Notifications Whv. so
come what might, she held in her hands the KEYS
new sHe commsreal d power OF the world and she
wealth, her ascendancy, and controlling influence
Lhe securing the line of the Highlands on the
Norm Eastern boundary Of the United States, was
saw that this ridge of mountains was natural for
tlhed line In her favor if secured, in case of the
c.ntlngency OF any future rupture with the United
states; ufeai Britain knew that her very exist
ehce aepehded upon her commercial system. De-
stroy her navy she IS extinct; destroy her CONNER
clal ships and she sinks, Not so with the United
States, Yon might blow up every ship in our ma
and the country would scarce feel the shock
The great fire in New York, few years since
which destroyed $2O 100000 of property, scarcely
produced ripple upon the stream of the general
prosperity. Mr.. Allen contended that the Gulf of
Mexico was the point in the world where the
contest tor the commerce OF the globe was to turn.
There 1t would "a be settled and the possession of
the contest IN her favor, unless Texas were Sc
cured, which being exactly opposite would act as a
line OF defensive battery against the island Of Gu
ba But II was not the more our duty to secure Texas
than to prevent Cuba falling into the clutches of
the lions paw Of England Aud, on the single
question OF expedlencies, he was astonished that
New England, whose ship masters and ip.buiiders
were to have an almost exclusive inte rest in the
increased commerce ot the Union from the incor-
poratlon OF Texas Yet. gentlemen opposed the
rather see The territory of Texas fall into the hands
OF Great Britain than to the negro line extend
I'd geo miles farther down South. They seem to
issn the negroes ane the British to the extension
tributes to the slave holding Interests. Mr.
Allen next pictured the stability of the po-
hncal institutions OF the United States as contrast
I'd with the monarches of Europe,-,he first rest
ing upon and sustained by the affections OF the peo.
ple,-the latter only sustained by sherffs, nu.
merous police, and expensive standing armies. He
secuted the idea, therefore, that there was sta
biity in our government when, for space of fifty
years there had not been single conviction tor
reason and when, of 10000 900 Of people, not one
Individual could be found who would not stand
Again, Texas, Mr.. A. argued, was an acquisition
necessary to tee increase of our population. Why,
sir, from calculation he had made, in one hundred
Years OF time. MT. Allen showed that the popula-
ton OF the United States from its present increase
would amount to the stupendous aggregate Of two
hundred millions OF people. What was to become
OF thus mass? Shall we stop their course over the
tlment OF Mr.. Clay, for Mr.: Clay was right in it,
when he said that ''it would be unwise to refuse
permanent acquisition, which would last as long as
the globe remains, on account of a temporary in
stitution." And we must have it, or relinquish
It. She must either be our friend or our enemy
Regarding the question of slavery, Mr.. Allen
argued 70 show that It was from nature indefenci
nrah Ia. loxu uanfuo tuvo
decline farther and farther South, until it becomes
extinct But, favorable as he was to the cause OF
freedom, and OF the white man. he was opposed to
the tanaticsm OF ab0lltionism. Mr.. Allen dwelt
with much astuteness OF observation upon the
causes and consequences of slavery, in depressing
and arresting the progress OF States, but the more
ost he regarded as far, far, more ruinous and de-
porable He concluded by recapitulaiing the com.
mercial considerations with which he set out and
said that though ne had voted against the Texas
treaty, the reasons OF his opposition having been
removed by time, or by the different and better
provisions of the House resolution, he should 60
now Tor the anne nexation, were Texas naked desert,
producing not blade Of grass, and simply from the
considerations OF its locally commercial importance,
commanding, as it does, the carrying trade Of the
Cult Mr.. Allen, last OF all said, that he was afraid
one man; yet he hoped, if tshoud be SO, that that
man would not turn out to be democrat.
Mr. BERRrRN next rose in his seat, and suggested
a recess.
all concerned. OF a recess till five o'clock.
Mr. JARNAGIN moved that the Senate go into Ex-
cuive session for one hour.
Mr. MILLER hoped the Senate would take re-
cess till 4 O'clock.
Mr. SEWER hoped not. We could sit an hour
yet, as II was only half past 2. and then take
cess till O'Clock.
The motion to 90 into executive session was lost
-l9 to 49, And the motion for a recess till
O'Clock was also lost And, having no other alterna-
tive but go ahead,
M r
graphing irons over the bulwarks OF the consttu-
tion, and boarded the question, abandoning the
ship OF expedlency and the question OF expediency
to such Senators as were disposed to recommend
the experiences OF the question superior to the
federal constitution OF these u. States. Mr.. Benien
accordingly went into an exposition of the constu
ilona power to admit States, as entirely dls-
ilnct from the power to admit or acquire new terrr
tory. New territory might be acquired by treaty,by
purchase, and by. conquest; but as there was no
precedent under the constitution Of the acquisi-
ton OF territory by act of Congress, there was
no authority for acquiring foreign territory by
OF Congress derivable from the constitution, but
this power was vested in the treaty department of
the government alone. Mr.. B. continued his ar
till O'Clock, when he gave way for a motion to
take recess till 5 o'clock, which motion being
agreed TO,
The Senate teok recess till 5 o'clock, P. M
Evening SESSION.
| The Senate re assembled at O'Clock, PM.
Several communications from the Executive De-
partment in obedience to resolutions OF the Senate
which were ordered to be printed.
Several private bills were passed-te wit: for the
relIet of w. b Cheever, r. Ryan, BENJAMIN s.
Roberts, and J. B Skinner.
Sundry bills from the House, reported by B. B.
French, Esq.
ANNEXATION OF TEXAS.
Mr.. BERRrEN resumed the thread of his argu-
ment. He said he was neither unwilling or impa-
tient to pursue this discussion. He had expressed
before the recess and he asked now briefly to re-
peat his views of the office of the tYeatv. ma NO
power. II was particularly the function of the
treaty power to treat for the acquisition of terri
tory, where there a competent sovereign au-
thorty tor ths cession Of such territory. 1t was
| the province of the treaty power 10 act in such
| cases, and within the jurisdiction of no other
power whatsoever, to peaceabe and constitution
| al acquisition. Oh the legion of plans submitted