davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-09-16

Of the Connecticut 10 New York by the way
orNew Haven, using both the canal and rail-
road. and tapping in its course the grea,
Western road from Boston TO Albany and
WestfeId, (sixty miles from here, making il
decidedly the nearest route TO Albany-and
should The Hartford and Danbury road ever
be made, that too would be tapped at Plain
vile, Bristol Basin twenty-seven miles from
here.
The whole length beirg already graded,
with the exception ofeome slight additions 10
the locks, having one entire level Of twenty
six miles, with the advantage Of canal 10
TRANSPORT all the materials for the superslruc-
ture. il has been ascertained that the whole
can oe done with the heaviest I rail, Tor about
seven thousand dollars per mile-say $780,
600 for eighty miles! Many persons now ex-
press their surprise, that the canal company.
or the New Haven people. did not avail them
selves Of the aheady graded banks Of the ca
nal to connect by railroad the upper valley OF
the river, and Albany and Westfeld, with
New Haven as soon as the Boston people To-
GATED their great road to Albany through
Springfield, Westfeld, &c.
1t will be said, that there being one route
already made at great expense. another, Cal
though some twelve or fourteen miles shorter
10 Westfeld, and considerably shorter 10
Northampton cannot be supported. This
may be true 10 a certain extent at the present
rime-competition will produce low fares,
which will benefit The people; and then it will
be tested which road can best afford 10 carry
for low fare, the one that costs only seven hun
bred and fifty thousand dollars, or the one
that has cost, or will cost when completed,
one or Two millions Of dollars !! and even with
this cost, thirty six miles Of it still in fiat rail
The New Haven and northampton road will
be perfect in all IFS appointments, with the
advantage of first rate canal alongside OF II
for the transportation of heavy freight and
will connect about three hundred miles Of
railroad with New York, with the unusual
advantage of water communication for heavy
Greigh, alongside off for the whole distance!
The high price Of iron, and other causes,
prevented The proprietors of the canal compa-
ny making application TO the General Assem-
bly, at its las, session, for the permission TO
Law down their intended road, nor did they
intend TO agitate the matter till they were
ready TO commence workout we are happy
10 learn tina: all their arrangements will prob
ably be completed before The meeting of the
next Legislature, when it will be found that
Tor about seven hundred and fifty thousand
dollars, the company will have first rate rail
road Of eighty miles in extent, and canal Of
the same extent now in full and successful op-
eration.-Neir Hdren Courier.
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-09-16
THE PRICE OF WOOL.

We are daily asked is wool likely to rise,
or will fall still lower than it now is.
Without any pretensions 10 sagacity suffi-
cient TO peer into the future. we will answer
simply, that we think wool viii be triHe
lower before it is higher, and then that il
will rise somewhat in price, though there is
little prospect of its rising SO high this year as
il did the last.
Our reasons for rise in price are these:
LIST. At the present low rates considerable
quantities are going forward to Europe,
which will ease The market little in its pres
ent crowded state, Of the very fne quail
ties.
Cd. Business upon The whole, is opening
better for the fall trade than it was supposed
il would, and we are of opinion there may be
a greater demand for wooden goods than the
manufacturers and merchants anticipated n
month since.
Sd. The short hay crop will cause great
many more sheep TO be killed this fall than
ordinarily, thus reducing the fiocks so con-
siderably, that The weight of the clip next
year will not be increased in proportion 10
the ratio of inhabitants. Another thing, the
focks will not be wintered as well the COM
ing season rs they were the past. and conse-
in the shearing of'46 as they did in that Of
las.
| But we must confess we are far from wish
ing wool any higher than it now is, because
we do rot think it for the general interest Of
the farmer that it should be. 1t bears q
good proportionable price now 10 other pro-
ducts, and it must be recollected that the
cheaper it is the more there will be consumed
of it, and the more easy will our manufac-
turers be enabled to compete with foreigners,
and thus increase our manufacturing popu-
lation, who will be customers the farmer for
-four, meal, and other products. Besides we
wish 10 produce wool so cheap as TO he able
to put an end to all importations OF this art
Gle, and greatly extend our exports, whici.
we are perfectly satisfied the shrewd and or
terprising Americans will make haste TO do
Ii wo uld be great boon 10 the United
| States 10 be able 10 come in for a large share
Of the English and French wool markets.
This is prize usually worth contending for !;
and so far from being discouraged at the pres
ent price Of wool, every farmer should en-
deavor TO make it higher 10 himself by i'm
proving his breed and producing it cheaper.
Do this and we may defy competition. and
make that profitable among ourselves, which
would be attended with loss to others
The Spanish proverb is, wherever the foot
of the sheep touches, the land is turned into
gold.' May this proverb be the case viii
American farmers; and in order to hasten the
realization Of it, not only let them grow anC
use more wool, but eat more mutton, anC
much less pork-for the former is by far the
healthiest and cheapest.
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-09-16
CONSUMPTION IoF IRON IN ENG
LAND
Extract from a Letter in the American Rn'
road Journal Of July "a, from GERALD RAJ
sToN, of London

Extract from Letter in the American Rnit-
road Journal Of July "a, from GERALD RAIL
sToN, Of London.
..You have already published in your Rail-
way Journal the fact that one house in Wal
ker, near Newcastle, is building fifteen iron
ships flor saiIs) for golfers, and have TO in
form you that one ship-building house here
EMPLOYS nothing but iron, and that they have
on their stocks constantly seven iron steam
ers, and as fast as one is launched another is
commenced on the ways she has just left
This house had on their books orders for eigh-
ty-three steamers few months ago; how ma
nv they have now, know not, but probably
many more, as the popularity of iron as a
material for building VESSELS is constantly in
creasins. The number of iron vessels build
ing by other houses in London, besides Hnll
Newcastle on Tyne, Leith, Dundee, Aber,
deem, Glasgow, Liverpool, Bristol, &C., would
really surprise you if had time to collect the
facts OIL this subject. The consumption oil
iron for house building. particularly for roofs
floors joists, columns, wiudow-sills and shut
tiers, and other parts OF the houses, is very
rapidly increasing. The consumption fol-
other purposes is also rapidly increasing, and
will mention only one more fact 10 illustrate
this. / took some American friends, shor
time ago, to the engineering establishment o
Sir John Rennie, to see nine pairs OF huge
gates intended for the locks OF the dock Of thu
great Government naval station of Sebasti
pole, in South Russia. These gates o
course consisted of cast iron ribs and ties, anC
| and the filling up was ofwrought (boiler) iron
and were Ga leet broad by 30 feet high, ant
| each gate weighing nearly 100 tons, makiul
1900 tons of iron for these eighteen gates
should weary you if l were to continue Il
relate facts to show the greatly increased con
sumption ofiron because it is cheap. 1t vii
be so in your country also if we reduce thu
price, and the iron masters in the UniIet
States will be more profted by selling ,00t
tons at $50 per ton than by selling 500 tom
al S75 per ton. Nothing stimulates con
Sumption SO much as low prices, and nothing
checks il so much as high prices"
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-09-16
OGDENSBURGH AND FAKE CHAM
PLAIN ~

The Trade offhe Uest-erhibiting the mer-
lis Of tbs proposed route from Boston, across
lake Chdmplain 10 OgdensbTgh.
Opposite the termination ofihis railroad, at
Ogdensburgh, west OF the St Lawrence,
spreads out the rich province of Canada
West With a soil unsurpassed in richness
by the same extent ofterritory in America,
with population rapidly increasing in mum
bers and improving in character, with heal
thy climate and stable government, this prov
ince bids fair in few years 10 be one Of the
best agricultural districts of the whole Brit
sh Empire. Ten years ago it contained a
population Of 100000. The total amount Of
property at that time was SlS7 000,009, and
the annual products were over S60,000,000.
The value Of goods imported into both prov
inces in 1886: was over Sl3. 100000. Since
that time there has been very great increase
of population and business. As the popula-
ton oflhe eastern province was larger than
the western at that time, il is fair 10 suppose
that she retained proportionate amount Of
the imports, the balance being forwarded west
| by the ST. Lawrence and the canals. There
must have been at least 100000 worth Of
British and Irish produce and manufactures
and foreign and colonial merchandise sent to
Canada West through the S. Lawrence and
The Canada canals in the year 1886, and the
amount has probably doubled since that time.
No one communication from the basin Of
the ST. Lawrence 10 the Atlantic can COM
mand the rhole OF this trade.-Railroad
| Journal
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-09-16
WOOL.

We find the following in the American
Agriculturalist. But it must not be assumed
that we concur in all the views taken by the
writer. In relation 10 The price of the first
grades of wool we have little doubt there
will be perceptble rise before the next clip
is shorD, as we have every reason 10 believe
that there is at least no overstock in the mar
Ike. for the supply of the more delicate manu-
features. Fine wool has been so far this
year comparatively in better demand
than the ordinary grades. The stock in the
country is not too large and it cam o.be i'm
ported. Indeed the manufacturer Of the su-
perfines, can well afford 10 give double the
price for the fine qualities that has yet been
offered. The manner in which our wool is
purchased by agents who buy the wool of
the country by offering average prices for an
average quality, thus adding to the course
what is withheld on the fine, is the true reas-
on why the fine wool does not command a
price in proportion 10 Its value. This can be
remedied by establishing deposit in the
centre of the woolgrowing district for the
first rate wool, and calling upon the manu-
facturer himselfto offer price founded upon
its intrinsic value. Amidst the immense in
crease of WOO, in the country Vermont must
compete with fine wool. In coarse, the ives
will drive her from the field.
But 10 return 10 the American Agricultu
ralist we can tell IFS editor that the idea
that fine wool can be proftably grown at pres
ent prices, is utterly erroneous, unless the
weight ofthe fleece is increased by introdu-
cling into our fooks the oily variety which is
becoming so obnoxious to the manufacturer
Nor can the said editor convert many farm
ers in Vermont 10 the faith that he must raise
wool cheaper, so as to enable the home man.
ufacturer 10 compete with the foreigners
What boots it 10 the wool-grower that the
manufacturer, the merchant, and the various
branches Of a grieultural industry should be
! come thrifty upon the cheapnefs Of the most
important OF all the staples Of the eonulry
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-09-16
THE GALAXY.
NIDDLEBURY. VT.
Tuesday, Sept. 16, l045.
THE ELECTION.

We give below the aggregate OF the cleo
lion returns this year, from 176 towns. Six.
ty-two towns remaining 10 be heard from
which last year gave SIade 5Ol7, Kellogg
1904, and Shaftcr 93s. There is evidently nc
election Of Governor by the people. Indeed
it is probable that no portion of the Wing
State Ticket has been elected, as with the
exception ofAddison county and its vicinity
the Candidates run about an even race
There has been falling off in the towns al
ready heard from, of over a thousand votes
more than Shades majority last year. His
net loss is probably near $500. Kellogg's
vote has also fallen off, although in less pro-
portion. The third party vote has increased
nearly thousand in The State. But we are
proud 10 say, that this branch Of the annexa-
tionists, has sadly declined in the County Of
Addison.
In the Senatorial ticket, the wings have
gained SO far, three; two from Caledonia
and one from Grand Isle, giving us MAORI
ty Of 16 in that body, allowing one from Es
sex TO the locos, which they will probably OBJ
tain.
Our list of Representatives in the House is
nearly complete, and shows clear whig ma
jority Of 80 over all. 1t will be seen that in
40 towns there is no choice.
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-09-16
OUR RAIL ROAD.

The question is continually asked whether
the Rutland Road will ever be built. Those
must be extremely ignorant of the high value
now placed upon rail roads, and the profits
Of this sort Of investments who doubt that a
rail road will not be eventually constructed
through a region so abundant in the means
OF its support and profit as that through which
the Rutland road is to be built, and especially
when million Of stock has been already
subscribed in the country. The Centrals may
have stole march of us. II is however by
no means certain that this is the fact. They
have yet a million Of stock to raise, and as
much we believe as we have to complete theiI
road. Judge Toilet is still urging the merit;
of the Rutland route which if properly ap.
preciated will place il beyond the competi.
ton of the Central. Indeed while this gentle.
man remains at his post we shall permit our.
selves to believe that the business men and
capitalists of Boston will yield preference to
a route which is undeniably the shortest, and
which will command greater amount o
business than its rival. If our books hat
besn opened at an early period in Boston
with the advantage OF Mr.. Gilberts survey tn,
Central road at this time would have beer
dead and buried, and "Ilium Fuit' inscrib
ed upon its grave stone. And by the b.
should that article be wanted by the Central.
Addison County can furnish marble of su
perlative beauty for its manufacture. Blu
as things now stand it is the better belief tina
both roads will eventually be built, whethe
simultaneously, and if not, which will gain
the priority is quite. predetermined.
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-09-16

From CENTRAL AMERIcA.-We are in
debted to Capt Peterson, of the John R
Gardner, for a Belize (Honduras) paper o.
the 10Th ult. By the annexed paragraph. il
appears that war has broke out between the
States Of San Salvador and Honduras, in
Central America.-[Post.
Our advices from the interior confidently
assert that the long threatened hosiilities be-
tween the States of San Salvador and Hendu.
ras have commenced. Guatemala has sup.
piled the former with the loan of arms anc
ammunition, and it is even said that Gen Cab
rera is raising troops to aid them.
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-09-16

BosroN AsD CANADA.-The Evening Ga
zette states that the stock in the Connecticut
& Passunpsic River Railroad is now nearly
all taken up. This road, which is an extern
sion OF the Concord and Lebanon railroad,
forms the nearest and most direct route TO the
capital Of Lower Canada. The road will be
constructed at much less expense than other
railroads in New England leading TO Canada,
aud will be met at the line by the railroad TO
be constructed through Canada, via Shcr-
brooke to Stanstead.-Boston Courier,
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-09-16

CONCORD RAiLRoAD.-The report OF the
directors of the Concord railroad 10 the stock
holders at their late annual meeting, shows
that the amount Of capital stock of The road is
$50, 1000, and The cost Of tie road and its ap-
pendages $3.50, 444. The length OF the road
is 81 3-5 miles. and the maximum grades Is
feet per mile.
The income Of the road the last year a.
mounted 10 SlS1, S42. of which the passenger
department afforded $50, 545, freight S90,O99,
and rents and interest ST. 1876. The expenses
amounted 10 SIS, 1928 of which SI1,52S were
for road repairs; 59,7OS for wood and oil ;
Sc. 1893 for taxes, and ether expenses. Mel
income $9S,9l3. Two dividends were de-
clared, one Of 6 and the other of per cent
RAILWAYS rs. CANALS IN GREAT Britain.
BY notice in an English paper, we per-
ceive that railways are gaining the Assem-
dcncy over canals in that country. "The
Ellsrnere and Chester, and tie Birmingham
and Liverpool canal companies" (now uni
ted.) advertise that they hold, including
branches in various directions, Through the
coal and iron field Of North Wales etc, > l6O
miles Of canal.
They call the attention Of their sharehold-
ers 10 the fact, no longer to be disguised, that
The public preference for railways is fast de-
stroying the whole canal interests of the
country. And the commiiie recommend, as
the only means ofsaving their property, that
application be made TO parliament for the
privilege of destroying the whole canal with
all lis ramifications, and of converting it into
railroads.
Let any one visit the coal wharves at the
head OF The Schuylhill canal, and at its iermi-
nus IN this city, and compare their utter des-
olation with the activity at the railway coal
wharves on the Delaware, and he will be
struck with the forcible conviction, that like
causes produce like effects everywhere.-
Philadelphia Paper.
New HAVEN AND NORTHAMPTON RArL.
RoAD.-The New Haven and Northampton
Canal Co. have had it in contemplation for
some tine, and are now concerning measures
Tor an increase ofcapilal, 10 enable them to
lay down railroad on their towing path from
New Haven TO Westield and Northampton.
eighty miles, connecting with the Northamp-
Ion and Greenfield, and other contemplated
pOriaiioa Of the poPul6ulaP s lsase! and trans.
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-09-16

The Albany Argus mentions the following
fact to illustrate the benefits ofthe late Geo
logical survey Of that State, in an ecouoHi.
cal point Of view:
One single fact established by that Snr-
vey is worth more than the whole cost-aIi1
thai fact concerns, not what we do posse
Though there are facts enough iliustratin,5
that point but what we do NOT possess. y Il
is computed, on sound authority. that haH .
million of dollars were formerly squandere' +.
in useless researches for coal, in the valley o.
the Hudson alone. The Geological Suryey
demonstrates that coal cannot be found j;
This State-,he nearest approach to the Goa
measures being southwark Of our bound J
in Pennsylvania. Some seltoPlnIoneo 1s,
Die, deceived BY the aspect of the Utica sia.'
and Marcellus skales, &c., would not be CO.
yinced of the truth. till they squandered sou.
time and money in frui'less explorail0h, .
but where is the sensible man, who no" oi9
putes the assertions Of the Geoiog,H "P'-
tbs subject
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-09-16
EXTRA SESSION RUMORED-WAR
MATTERS.
Currespopdence or The Tribune.

Correspondence OF The Tribune.
WAsHrsGToS. SIT Sept,
There has been a rumor prevailing Tor sew
eral DAYS that an Extra Session OF Congress
would certainly be called.& that the constant
meetings of the Cabinet have reference to
that subject. Every day which passes rem
ders The rumor improbable. A Proelama-
lion calling Congress together must beissued
sirty days before, the commencement Of the
Session so called; and were IL to be called
TO day, tho meeting Of Congress could not be
fixed before the Sth Of November, while the
regular Session will commence on the hrst
Monday, which is the is the first day, oil De-
cembcr. There appears 10 be no such ur-
gency as 10 require the extra expense 10
which sueb call would subject tho country.
The Mexican army, which so terribly alarm
eJ General Gaines, and caused such an aw-
full outburs, of patriotic fever through the
Southern States, seems TO be non-exisling,
or existing on some undiscovered part OF the
universe. The oregon question, indeed, may
havo presented itself of laie in a somewhat
more difficult phase. But nothing has hap
poned TO render il necessary to anticipate the
usual meeting OF Congress in relation 10 this
matter. Whatever may be The result Of this
neSDldllOus u W ia SOA 40 oCthiSA ~ SoHNN
session.
Still the activity which has prevailed, for
some time past, in fitting out vessels of war
Tor the Gulf of Mexico continues TO be ex-
hibited. All the large vessels are TO be put
IN commission without delay and number
of smaller ones will, in n few weeks, be pre-
pared for sea. Aae all these preparations
solely directed against power which we az
fected to despise even in the exercise OF her
most powerful energies-and which, as yet.
has shown no evidence OF her intention to
adopt any course Of actual hostility against
usl IT, under the mask Of preparat on to
conquer Mexico, the true object ofihe admin
is,ration is to get an efficient naval force COM
missioned, manned and put into active en-
poyment so that in the event Of a rupture
with more formidable power, we may not
be taken wholly unprePared, there may be
something TO communicate TO Congress by
way Of Justification of this secret policy, but
that communication can as well be made
on ihefrst of Dec as on the 9Th November
So that there can be no mead of an Extra
Session, at this season, in reference TO that
point.
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-09-16
THE FAIR.

twill be seen that the managers have
presented noble list Of premiums TO compe-
,itors at the next annual Fair. 1t is indeed
very much enlarged from that Of lasiyear, es-
pecially upon cattle and sheep. Our county
is among the richest grazing districts in the
Union, and should therefore extead liberal
encouragement 10 those who make improve
ment in rearing the animals which crop the
rich heritage ofour hills and valies.
Those who intend to compete for premiums
should carefully notice the conditions and
regulations upon which they are granted.
Particularly should their attention be turned
10 those which direct lodging in season with
the Secretary, specifications detailing the
manner of cnltvating crops, and of feeding
and rearing animals: or of manufacturing
and preserving the articles of the Dairy.
Suitable accommodations will be prepared
for all articles and animals brought forward.
Let all who would encourage the cause ofag-
ricultural improvement and who would ad.
vancelth the prosperity of the people, of the
County, be present. Let them not as last
year, neglect TO compete for the numerous
premiums which are offered for rivalry. The
managers, especially, should be active in
arousing the attention Of the people 10 the
Agricultural Society, and especially in pro-
curing all patriotic citizens in the county to
unite in its support and act with.its friends 10
carry out the valuable purposes of its organi-
cation.
The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1845-09-16

The 62 towns not heard from, last year
gave 166 majority for Gov. Shade. In the 176
towns heard from, Gov. Slade has 1850 less
Gen. Kellogg has 2l3O less, and Mr.. Shaiter
has 700 more votes than last year, and about
300 more scattering votes than last year,
therefore should those towns not heard from,
prove TO be as favorable for Gov. Slade as
last year, he will lack 1923 votes of an cleo
lion by the People, and Lieut. Gov. Eaton
and Treasurer Spaulding will fall about 1900
short. The Legislature being so strongly
whig, and having 10 take one of the three
highest candidates for each office, little doubt
remains that the whig candidates will be re-
elected in joint ballot, on the first vote.