New-York daily tribune., 1845-05-23
The Rights Of Labor.


question OF L4BoR This question, sir, lies al Inc
bottom OF all others and Is The most vial ana I'M
portant one 10 the welfare Of thr Lsborns Classes
who may be sid most truly TO compose 'he
People-that can be brought up and discussed =
The condition OF the masses L almost wholly ae
pendent upon the System or Organization OF La
Dor under which they live. The amount oi floiNs
they can make, the amount OF Time they can nave
;or Intellectual culture, the degree Of toll through
which they hav- TO go, their chances OF accumu!a-
ing some property for old age when they can no
longer WORK. or 70 aid young fanny VINO cannot
vet work-al these depend upon the system ol
Labor. ,
Three systems oflabor have existed IN the world
lst The Slave system, which relgned through
out Antiquity and stIll prevails over i
portion ef the earth. Under this system Nan pe-
longs TO his felow-man, body and soul he Is Ms
tool. mere instrument OF labor. ana desTaded 10
level with III. mere b-asis OF Inc trld. In Ai.-L-
they were sent 10 The river TO drink with the nor
ses, and master could kill slave by paying
certain
81. The system of Se!'dori, which Is slight
modification o Slavery. nGrr TINS system Nan
l. attached TO the soil and belongs, with H. 10 4
hereditary master: his CONDITION Is somewhat I'M
proved and elevated By escaping from The caprice
Of temporary master. THIS system sun EXIST IN
about third part OF civilized and Christian
Europe.
Sd. The system OF Hired Labor, OF the Wages
System Under this system The la9oTer no longer
| belongs 10 a master; he has obtained luciPlCual
liberty and the control OF his own person. but h"
becomes the seri, the slave OF Capital, and hs mas
TO spbect h.mir! 10 II with the same submission
that The slave has 10 the master. ne motive oi
action has changed from external TO an internal
one i ha; become The hunger OF the stomach IN
stead OF the lash upon the bacn THIS Is the most
advanced system that has yet been established
upon the earth, and rules the destInles ot the La
boring Glasses in all the most advanced CIVILIZED
aud Christian Countries.
The next great step onward which Mankind a;e
TO take Is 10 devise and establish BETTER SYSTEM
or ORGANIZATION OF LABOR and this question Is
now beginning Ia occupy the attention al some OF
the best minds IN Europe. and the article ~ the
| Edinburgh Review shows that II Is taking hold ci
! Conservatives as well as Recrmers.
What car be done 20 bring this great question
into the domain OF popular discussion IN this Coun;
! try ! will not pretend 10 say; but iee reJolced
when | a paper with so large cremation a.
yours make the question the subject OF Leading
article. Could hazard piece ei aGWcc, "orld
say-ContiHu. 10 write brlns the subject up often,
and call upon the Press look at II. examine II,
and see whether il not worthy OF lis serious aiten-
ton. The suggestion IN The Edinburgh Review.
proposing means for facilitating the formation OF
lolnt-stock companies composed OF The Norklns
Glasses, who will own the manufactures and the
|
valuable, as ii may lead 10 discus on OF other
means and gradually of the whole SUBJECT.
The Political Organization affects only al tmts
the Laborlng Glasses and then generally ndlrrctly
but the Organization OF Labor affects mem oal'y
and hourly and In the most direct manner lhe
People OF this country have obtained good, Just,
and equitable Political system, bnt they still i've
uRCer false, unjust and ensldvlng System OF Ls-
Dor borrowed from Europe, and mere hiodliica-
ton ot Sertdom and ancient slavery ms system
II. k,a as-Isl. .,ssf ItFst
the attention of progressive and Liberal minds, aud
thus take the initiation IN the reform =.
TowS OFFICERS AND TowS AND COUNTY ExrENsgs.-
Among passed by the Legislature at IFS recent
sessl entitled An Act 10 reduce the number Of
Town Officers and Town and County Expenses and 10 pre-
vent abuses in auditing Town and County accounts" The
Act long for columns, but We give synopsis OF
its principal provisions.
The electors OF the several towns Except those Of Mont
gomery Kings have the power 20 elect or c0 over
Of the poor. they may think the public wants re-
CURE who sha have The discretionary right to eNpenc
sum exceeding $40 the relei of one poor person
family w,hou, any order from justice Of the pace.
The may elect or three highway cont
ms.oner they please Ii three are chosen 'ley shall
be divided lot three classes be numbered
and three; the term c office Of the rst class shall be
year. Of the second, two and Jf the third. thee and
one only shall thereafter annually oe elected
in town, who shall hold his Office for tree and
until a successor shall be elected But any
missioner shall he elected appon,e TO fill vacancy, he
shall hold the office only for the gred which al
have become vacant. Each commissioner to give hord
with two sureiies the OF $1,000 Tor the faithful dis
charge his duties These are be elected IN
each the next meeting and CLASSIFIED IN the same
manner the commissioners OF highways; End one as
scssr Is annually thereafter be elected for the
three years Damages accrung IN consequence Ot tie a
ing highways 10 be assessed by the commissioner
In any person aegreved by the award OF the
jury may be called 10 review the case the expenses
TO psd by party aggrieved and certificate u the
be delivered TO the board OF county supervisors
10 be audited and If any person interested is sill
eved the case referred by the board any three
judges Of the county for reconsideration.
Appeals the decision Of any highway commissioner
for refusing lay aer discontinue any road or
highway be made In the first instance 20 the first judge
OF Counts Court II any is asgrieved by the
decision such Judge The may be reviewed by two
other judges be associated with the who made tile
decision the first appeal Persons appealing to pay AL
c,stS.
of special sessions of the peace shall be held by
single magistrate, authorized 10 sit member OF
court OF special sessions and al Offences now idbie be-
such may be tried before such single mdgis
irac, with without jury, at the election OF the phi
Whenever magistrate or Jury shall be satisfied
tn The person persons charged and tried, were
ceeGed against without probable and with malicious
intent 10 inue or harass, they may render verdict for
costs against the complainant The court. before which
witness on he part OF the people IN CflllhiL pre-
shall have been recognized - appear may pro-
against such witness for default IN appearing by
process OF attachment in the mann er As such Wit
had failed ts appear la obedience 10 subpoena.
The Accounts OF he members OF boards Q: town auditors
shall be audited by themselves bur shall be made on;
and verified aud shall be audited by the board Of servi
of the COUNTY. The the members OF boards
Of iervlsors shall De in ia and verified No
officer shall he allowed auy per diem compensation
for MS services. unless eNpressl, provided by law
All ices and accounts OF mlis rates aud other officers
for criminal proceedings shall be paid y the several towns
ciies wherein the offence shall have been committed
provided the pr ceedugs shall be had within The County
in which such offence shal! have been committed but no
thing herein conIaned shall apply 10 cases ci eones nor
where the proceedings trial for the offence shall be had
before any Court OF oyer and Termne or General Ses
siois of the Peace. No travel t.es shall be allowed for
travelling 10 subpoena witness. beyond the limits OF The
County IN which the subpoena issued, or OF an a6'n-
ns C,ury unless the Board auditing the ount shall be
slred by proof that could lot be suop@naeA
withou; additional travel shall any travel tees tor SUD
pDnarg witnesses he allowed, eXceSt such as the Bo2rd
auditing the account shall be satisfied were lldspensAbiy
necessary
Whenever any town collector shall have received any
warrant FOR the collection oil he shalt Immediately
thereafter cause notices the reception thereofto DC post
ed in ive public places in the ward or town. and 50 To-
Gated VIII De most lkey give notice TO tie inhao
,nn;s thereof, asc shall designate in such notices centrs
and convenient place in such to'n "here he VII! attend
nne O'clock forenoon iii O'Clock. afternoon, AZ