The Yazoo City Whig. [volume] (Yazoo, Miss.) 1844-1851, 1845-12-19

point % lhe ascending scale 81 dulles al
which u d aScoTlainod Ifom experience hat
che revenue Is greatest, b The maximum
Iaio Of duty which can 81 laid fog lhe bona
Ode purpose d collecting money iog he sup.
port Of government TO raise the dutiesl.
higher than that point, and thereby diminish
the amount collected, Is 70 levy them for
protection merely, and not lOr revenue. AL
long then, az Congress may gradually in>
crease TIE rate Of duty On given Article,
aud the revenue e Increased BY such increase
Of duty, they are within the revenue stands
ard. When they 60 beyond that point, and.
IS they increase the duties, the revenue is
diminished Or destroyed, the act ceases 10
have ior its object the raising Of money to
support government, but is Cor protection
merely.
Il does not follow that Cougsess should
levy the highest duty on all articles Of i'm
por; which they will bear within the revenue
standard: for such rates wauld probably pro-
duce Q much larger amount than the ecO-
nomical Odminisl ration Of the government
wOus q require. Nor does il follow that The |
duties on oil articles should be at the same,
OF horizontal rate. Some articles will bear
a much higher revenue duty than others
Below tie maximum OF the revenue stand
ord Congress may aud OughltO discriminate
IN the rates imposed, taking care so 10 adj
just them on different articles az to produce
in-lhe aggregate The amount which, when
added 10 the proceeds Of sales ofPublic lands
may be needed 10 pay the economical ex>
penses Of the government
Ia levying a tariff Of duties, Congress ex-
eTcise The taxing power, and for purposes Of
revenue may select The objects OF taxation.
They may exempt certain articles altogether
and permit their importation fr0e Of duty.
On others they may impose low duties. in
these classes should be embraced such arli.
Giles Of necessity as are in general use, and
especially such as are consumed by the la
borer and the poor, as we'll as by the wealthy
ciiizen.-Care should be taken that all the
great interests Of the country, including man
ulacinres, aggricrlIure, commerce, naViga.
IiOn and the mechanic arts, should, as Far
as may be practicable, deuve equal advan-
iage from tie incidental protection which a
Just system Of revenue duties may afford
Taxation, direct or indirect. is a burden, and
II should be so imposed as to operate as
equally as may be, on all classes, in the pros
portion to their ability to bear II. To make
the taxing power an actual benefit TO one
class, necessarily increases the burden al
the Others beyond their proportion, and would
be mani(es'ly unjust. The terms "prO;ec-
iion 20 domestic industry" are Of popular
import; but they should apply under a just
system TO all the various branches Of indus
dry in the country. Tie farmer or planter
who tolls yearly in his field, is engaged in
domestic industry" and as much entitled
10 have bis labor ''protec ted y a. the manu-.
Gacturer, the man Of commerce., the naviga-
cot, or the mechanic, who are engaged also
in domestic industry in their different pur-
suits. The joint abOrs Of all these classes
constitute the aggregate Of the domestic
industry Of the nation, and they are equally
entitled to me nations fpFOiectiOn." NJ
one Of them can Justly claim TO be the ex
elusive recipients Of "protecion," which
can only be afforded by increasing burdens
'on the domestic industry" of others.
II ihsse views be correct, il remains to nquir
how far the tariff act Of 1912 is CONSISTENT wit
them. That many Of the provisions Of that &C
are in violation OF 6he cardinal principles her
laid down, all must ecncede. The rates of dat
imposed By Il on some articles are prOhibitOry,an
on others 30 high as greatly 70 diminish impOria
lions, and produce less Rfnount OF revenue tina
ns "protection merely" to onesbranch Of "dOmei
tic Industry by taxing other branches
BY the introduction Of FniHimums, or ssume
and false values, and by the imposition Of speci6
duties, the injustice and inequalities Of the act
B42, In its practical operations on different cassG
and pursuits, re'seon and fek Many Of the Of
prBssive duties imposed By Il under the Operatio
or these principles, range from one per cent.
more than two hundred per cent They are pr
hibitory on sumo articles, and partially no Z
nd hanr 10 al Of
mon necessity, and but lightly on articles Of To-
ury. u 10 so framed that much the greatest bu
den which Il imposes s thrown on labor and d
poorer classes who areiedst able 10 bear il, viii
Il protects capital and exempts the rich from pa
ing their iust proportion Of the taxation require
for the support Of government. While Il prOleI
the capital Of the wealthy manufacturer, and
ereases HE pro e, Il does not profit the operate
OrlabOrers in bis employment, whose wages ha
not been increased bv ID. AFticleSs0f prime ne e
Sity Oreoarse quality and low price, hssd BY I
masses Of the people, are IN many instances, Su
jecied by Il % heavy taxes, while articlesO In
quality and higher pIice, Or Of luxury, which c
Pc used only BY the opulent, are lightly taxed.
imposes heavy and unjust burdens on the farm
Nhe Piantes, the commercial man, and those Of
other pursuits except the capalist who has ma
HE investments in manufactures. All the e.,
Interests 81 the country are not, as nearly Is n
Be practicable equally protected BY il.
The government N theory knows no distinct
81 pauons o. classes, and should not bestow %
some iavors end privileges which all others n
not enjoy. "a was the purpose Of its illusinS
founders % Base the institutions which they re
ed upon the great and unchangnQ principles
Justice and equity, conscious That if administe
in the opirit ID which they were conceived. q
would Be fslt only 81 the benefits which they
fused, and would secure for themselves 4 defer
IN the hearts Of the people, more powerful Il
standing armies, and Oh the means and applian
invented 70 sustain governments founded "a ini
tics and oppression.
The well known fact that the tariff act Of q
was passed. By q majority o. one vote b ne S
ate, and TWO in The fIon.- 81 Representative. 4
that CONS 81 th01e who Ielt themselves coneira
90 under che peculiar circumstances existing