The daily Madisonian. [volume] (Washington City [i.e. Washington, D.C.]) 1841-1845, 1845-03-25

the following representation oil The ottoman
Empire. which accords with The account OF the
state of things in that Empire, given in cur
translation of the edlct OF the Sultan. This
edict or haiti scherif, was published originally
ia the Journal de ConstaDtlnople, from which
our translation was made. The Sultan says
there has been no improvement, notwlthstand-
ing all his efforts and there can be no doubt OF
the truth of his statement. The letter from
France in the New York Observer, under the
head The French, English, and Russians IN
the East" is satisfactory explanation OF some
Of the leading causes why IL is SO:
THE FRENCH, ENGLISH AND RUSSIANS
IN The EAST.
FRANCE, January, lsi5.
From our Correspondent.
State Of the Ottoman Eupirs-Ripaly Of the European
Cabinsis Ia the East-DeeIins q French Influence
Intelligence and Activity Of the AGENTS Of Engtana-
SkiJlasss Of Russian Diplomacy Probability 0fgTsat
spenls in thai part Of The globe.
All political men, of any foresight fix their eyes
intenty upon the East for there TO all appearance,
will be renewed the great contests OF Europe, sooner
or later. Already, Without direct war between
three en- pIes haze nong themselves, Ia the Mussul
man States, constant ryalres, and commercial and
diplomatic collisions precursors to an appeal TO the
sword.
The countries where Mahomeianism reigns, pos
but pIecarious life they resemble old tow
or undermined at the foundations, dIsmaned IN eve
~ part, and the walls of which crumbe at The
first stock Of the tempest. Religious enthusiasm,
political strength social ties, confidence In the future,
have all forssken these unhappy regions. la vain
European diplomacy lays down this imposing maxim !:
The integrity u the Ottoman Empire. The necessity
of things Is mUre powerful than ali dplomaiIsts. No
human invention can falling nation. So true
Is this, that the very men who vaunt SO loudly the
integrity Of the Ottoman empire, are preparing TO
upon the fragments the moment the great catas-
uophe occurs
Formerly, Turkey occupied an important rank in
Europe. IL was formidable power, while yet Rus
STA was buried IN the wids OF Muscovey and TauSry.
The Sultan threatened, on hand, the city Of Vi
emma and the other the Italian shores. All princes
ambitious Of his alliance. The wars in Europe
after the Reformation maintained the Illusion Of
Turkish power. Even at the close OF the ast ceniu-
ny, the authority Of the Diyan of Conssnlinople
generally respected Tie secret of its internal weak
FIRST ed to the world by BonhpaTte, in
his expedition into Egypt. A { W thousand French
soldiers put to flight lnnumerable hordes Of Turks
MSmelukes and Arabs, aud without the aid of Fog
land, Egypt was IrrevOcaby lost 10 the Sultan II
then evident that the Mahomelan troops Were
not able to cope with those Of Europe. The ancient
renown of the Ottoman empire hopelessly gone
lew years yet OF apparent power remained to the
Government of Constantlnope, because the oonquests
of Napoleon did not leave the European Cabinets lei
sure to think of the East England Russia and
Austria had more pressing affairs attend to they
must first OF all preserve their own independence /;
and the Mahometans, quiet spectators of this great
struggle had time to breathe But after the peace of
1915, when all the cabinets of Europe delivered
from their great enemy, the weakness of Turkey
revealed in all It's extent.
1t became indublabe that the Mussulmans were
wholly demorazed, that their institutions and their
opinions antguated, that they had an army
without discipline or bravery, government superan.
nuated and without authority, and that they constilu
ted a nation with no homogenity, moral nor po-
litical cohesion. Further, there no manufac-
lures; no commerce little money in the empire an
entire want of justice in the rulers, and of security
for the people, that IS to say, all the vital parts of
| clety were struck with death.
The Sultan JNatmoud, whose intentions were good
| but who had not the genius necessary TO execute
them thought 10 play in Turkey the same part as the
Gar, Peter the Great, among the Russians. He set
about introducing the customs of Europe the
my, the administration of civil affairs, the levyng of
taxes, IN all things IN short that relate TO the govern
ment His attempts did more harm than good. The
Mussulmans were not like the Russians of the eigh-
teenth century they had grown old in ignorant and
dlsdanfu apathy. Mahmoud met everywhere insur-
| mounable Obstacles The Mahometan priests, doc
tors judges, opposed to the undertakings of the Sui.
tan the precepts of The Koran and stirred up all the
religious prejudces of the population against Europe.
[ an customs The Turkish soldiers were forced to
wear the French and English uniform, but there all
sop'. They were less brave in their new Dress
than IN their old and having lost, in great measure,
their blind belief in faaism they sunk to the last de-
gree of degradation.
Various events FASTENED this decline. Greece,
awaking from her long supor uttered the cry ber-
ty, in The name of her glorious ancestors while dis
playing the sacred banner of the Gospel and hero
&c struggle achieved her Independence. Europe de-
stroyed the Turkish navy at the battle of Navaino.
Egypt declared herself independent IN her turn under
| the guidance of the skifu yNehemt All When the
Sultan of ConstantinopIe tried reconquer this part
OF the empire, he met with two disastrous defeats.
France dismembered another province of the Mussul-
man empire by her conquest of Algers and to COM
plele the disgrace, the Turkish government con-
strained, after disastrous with Russia, to CON-
cude peace which placed it under the most absolute
| control of its formidable neighbor
Such is the long series of misfortunes which have
befallen the Ottoman empire. 1t is but the shadow
OF what 1t was In past ages presents the sad speca.
Gle OF inevitable dissolution and, like birds of prey
gathered around dead carcass the principal Europe
an powers contend for sway in the East. Each hopes
10 bear away the greater portion of the spos and he
poor government of ConstantDople is ruled at the
price of France, England and Russia. 1t knows not
often which 1t should obey, and this state of subec-
ton TO foreign cabinets has deprived it of the little
consideration which it had preserved.