The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1845-07-02
NEW YORK HERALD.
New York, Wednesday, July =, Is4s.
News from Europe.

The steam ship Hibernia, Captain Ryns, wit
halt months later intelligence from Europe,
now due at Boston. We may expect to hear fror
her tonight or tomorrow morning
The Spirit Of the observation-disclosures
Oregon-Canada-Chlaa
The movements fer the annexation of Texas b.
the government of the United States, and the extra
ordinary sensation which it has produced both IL
the old and in the new world is only strong mani
festaton of the spirit of the age indicating the com
mencement OF new era in civilization, the results
and consequences of which few can imagine at tbs
period of time. Texas will be annexed at al risks
and at all hazards. Annexation may bring US into
collision with Mexico-into trouble with England
and with France and with the old REGIMES OF Europe;
but at all these hazards Texas VIII be annexed to
this country. California will follow-Oregon will
be occupied down to the Russian boundary line
and Canada will, no doubt, sooner or later, sue for
admission into the same great confederacy OF free
States. AT this moment we the spirit OF emigra-
ton flowing into California and Oregon We see
spirit of annexation beginning to agitate the
masses in Canada in spite of the British soldiery
there We see project already formed for the con-
struction of line OF communication between this
great city and the Pacific and the prospect is opened
to us of new world comprising the half of the popu
lation of the globe, but bound by the ties of CON-
mercial brotherhood, and perhaps literary intimacy,
within the space of few years. formed of the Chi
nese Empire and the United States-the Oldest
try in the world and the newest confederation OF
independent communities.
All these steps, moving towards the waters Of the
Pacific, are only the preliminary movements that
will, eventually, bind the American republic and the
Chinese empire into two great trading communities,
operating upon, and influencing each other in the
large vista of future ages. We have now treaty
with China. We stand equal with any European
government in the goodwill of that immense en-
pire, and public attention is beginning to be drec-
ted to the cultivation Of its literature preliminary to
the opening of the overland communication, con
nected with the Pacific, to that ancient and mystic
rlous nation. We have already, in this journal
given some glimpses Of the Chinese literature and
language, furnished US by the Secretary of the
National Institute, at Washington; and we have
ssince procured several volumes Of extraordinary
character and merit, giving further illustrations Of
Chinese literature, and the Chinese language which
we will endeavor to place before our readers, in
such shape and form will draw public attention
to the study of that ancient and extraordinary
people, from whom, according to all rational deduc
tion all the arts of civilized life have been derived
and which may be considered as the infancy of .he
human race We shall endeavor to give these
sketches of the Chinese literature and language il
such manner, accompanied with illustrations anc
engravings, as will be the means of communicating
in clear and Ineligible way, new views of mos
extraordinary character to the student and phloso
pher of this country, and of the present age.
This subject acquires additional impulse from the
prospects of the present time held out not only BY
the opening of the ports of China, but the move
ments this continent for the enlargement of the
boundaries of the republic.
CUSTOM HOUSE MOVEMENTS The new Collector
Cornelius W. Lawrence, ESQ.,, took possession Of
the Custom House yesterday. He occupied his seal
in the rounda on the outside, and was very busily
engaged in his public duties during the whole morn
ing up to the hour Of closing the doors. A great
deal of excitement prevailed in that region through
out the whole forenoon, and much talk, ssmise
conjecture, speculation, prophecy, and anxious in
curry, manifested themselves all around about the
neighborhood throughout the entire day, till late
hour in the afternoon.
The first movements of the Collector have created
great deal of mystery and surprise, as much from
the difficulty of asceraining exactly what he mean:
TO do as from what he has already done. We un
derstand that the first thing done was the appoint
ment of Henry T. Kiersted, to the important post o.
Cashier of the Custom House, and Immediately
thereupon much speculation ensued as to the cha.
racter of this new appointment. II seems that Mr.
Kiersted was formerly in financial office under
the democratic corporation, but continued under
the "natives," and il was supposed by many that he
to be offered the post of Superintendent of Police
by the Mayor He is not exactly an ultra politician
and belongs neither of the ultra cligues of the city
democracy. Hence the philosophers and specula-
tors about the Custom House begin to think that the
Collector, who has just returned from Washington,
has received his cue from Mr.. Polk himself TO cut
up all the rampant cliques of the democracy in this
city, and to re-organize the party on a new basis
with new men of moderate character, and particu-
arly to avoid all those ultra, violent, headstrong
and rabid politicians, who may belong TO any party
in the city.
1t was also said that Mr. Bogardus, the Deputy
Collector. was removed, and David l.. s. Lyon
formerly in the Custom House, put in his place
This looks like restoration. Much speculation il
also INDUCED in by the calculaors round the cor
ners, as to whether he would remove Matthew l.
Davis or not, Mr.. Davis being a very efficient off
Ger, and very powerful as anantagonst; one, VIII,
might be able ifhe setloose upon the politica
world at last, to WELD great deal of influence il
Washington against the confirmation of the Collec
tor himself Amongst others who have been men
toned as subjects of speculation, in the way of re
moval, we understand that Lyon Mckenzie, K. A
Locke, Herrick and Ropes, and DR.. English, for
merly Of the aurora, occupy various positions ii
public opinion.
In the city the excitement amongst the democrac,
and round about town atvarous grogshops is create
now than it has been for many months past Tn,
ultra cqucs are IN state Of CONSERVATION as to wha
Mr.. Lawrence will do, and we never saw so mucl
amusement generated as begins 10 show itself !,
certain sectionn of the democracy, and which will
be fully described hereafter.