The Arkansas banner., 1845-09-03
PROSPECTUS
THE "UNE0N."

TO THE PUBLIC.

We approach the task before us with a deep sense of the responsibility which NC are about 10 assume, and not without much diHdence of our qualifications We have some acqualntauce indeed with the duties of an editor of newspaper. but t was acquired upon othertheatres, much more limited and less censpeu- ous than inc Metropolis of our conederated and wide spread Republic.
 We can scarcely be charged with any jaoraiantc vanity in saying that upon the success of nsti- tltons depends in great degree tbe destiny ot the oldest countries of Europe. distant posterity has deep interest in our fate The blessings of liberty essential to the prosperity ot the whole human race; and where are they spread out on so large a field of action or Illustrated by many brilliant amples, as in these United Statess
 We have only ta realize them in our own history and in the happiness of people, 10 spread ihe flame of Liberty over the EASTERN WORLD. We have only tn perpetuate these blessings by preserving the saced UNION of our States, and there is no assgna- he limit to the prosperity which we may enloY, or the rlories to which we nay ascend in the scale oi Nations. We have already wrought miracles enough to asonish the foreign tourist amid all his prelndees and 10 attract the curiosity Il not the admiration oi Europe Wehare displayed the beneftsof LIBERTY and of UNION in a series ot phenomena, which are utmost calculated to surprise ourselves What can be moro remarkable, evea II the present. day. than the spiIit of enterprise and improvement which per vades OUT States-he schools which they are erect ing, the canals which they have cXccated the more than 4OO0 miles of railway which they have con stfHEtSf m itAS Aiid tNtkf At"t" a4 tiili2S ett' ics uf land which they have redeemed from the Eli- terness; the towns which they haze srewn over the Vest the multiplication oi our people from three to twenty millions of seUls thc augmentation ct the number of our STATES from thirteen te twenty -Htae including the three new States of Florida, Iowa and Texas. which, as wiite we hope are now pro. babY starting into existence!
 ssWestward the course of empire takes ifs way;
 The fist fonr acts already past
 \ fifth shall close the drama with the day,
 Times noblest offspring IS the last
 Ii s principally the influence of the Free institu- tions wo possess and which were never dreamed of more than hundred years ago, by the philosoPhic anlhor of these beautiful lines that has wrought so many achievements here. Liberty eXsltes mn to think for himself to cast off antiqnated preldiees, and to start in new career ol improvement. Il opens besides in this new country, Il were, new asylum 10 the oppressed el all nations, which m de spite of the aNative American prelndces of tHr day still continues o inYite other people to cultivate oir lands and contribute te our progress Ii IS pu free institutions, than any other cause, which are drawing ''the course oi empire to the WESTERN WORLD.
 We live. too in an extraordinary aye. Improve ment seems to be the order oi ihe day. Science k shooting forth in all directions, Ar k obtaining thc most brilliant tFiumphs over NA5ttE. ihe az + advancing with the Impetgosly ot steam ta winch 1t is so much indebted fer is progfess. Commerce is expanding her wings under the impulse of new and stronger principle. There seems indeed to be no limit 10 the progress ut discovery And ii x III the midst of such an age, and al the metropolis oi this great country, that Nc are about to ereet out tent. for the responsible purpose oi maintaining the true principles of ofonrinstitations. Ne aimcstshfmk back from the enterprise Ne have undertaken. But we at least bring to the task spirit that Is devoted to LIBERTY, to UNION, and 10 onr tUUNTNY, heart that is proud of the name of AMERfeaN-some iltue experience in our business-a 2ca ihai nothing can suhdHe and an industry that iears no labor. Nlth throw nHrzRlNrS Gbefaty oI Iourcountrymen. We trust that we shall receive, if We deserve their support II We tail in an enterprise which might almost appa the stoueSt spirit they W at least he liberal enough te asefibe to the want of power, and not ol Hli-io the head Shat guides US, and not the hearl that lnpels ns.
 0fone thing we may confidently assure the public approach the task with the deepest for the true theory of onT political institutions. oar soniederated REPUBLIC ls making new and bold sxpermentin the SCIENCE ol GOVERNMENT. When WIG look to the original form olthe Geasita6on,Afe are indeed struck with its novelty and beauty. We see in it attempt 10 ascertain how lar power can be so dis;Tihuted between the two Gov EENMrNTs as Co prevent ereeSSre concentration, and consequent abuse of it, in the Federal arm; at ile same time that so much goUcr was conveyed 10 each as to enable them to accomplish the objects 10 which each ol them Nas best adapted.
 The FEDERAL Government was priRcipdAgto watch over our Foreign Relations; Btat of the States WIS particularly To take care ef our internal concerns
 ne FcOefdi IoftTntneHi SinWN nave adequate powers to maintain the peace and the nights ot the Union abroad; but at home, its office s To assist in binding the Union together by the benefits which it showers around it. within certain prescribed limits leaving the great mass o local matters to the UriS diction of the STATES which can better understand and more properly regulate them. Keeping this gen eral distinction in view the Constitution has marked down the limits Of the Federal power, and u should be the duty Of itS authorities ehgiousiy to preserve them. Dissolution on the one hand, and consoiida- tion on the other, being the extremes which are to be carefully avoided; the Constitution so framed and the Government should be so administered as whilst the Federal power exercises its legitimate unctions, il should Sacrediy respect the RIGHTS of the States and the rights of the People The Fede- ral Government must therefore, ever remember, that it has only certain limited powers, which either steeted in the Consultation Itself, oT which nay be s'neeessary and proper for carrying ont the spec- fed powers. Il cannot pass these limits with n- punity-- uotinterpolate any powers by forced or fachous construction, without producing some opposition from the parties to the compact or some remonstrancc from the People.
 It would never do indeed, to give aR unlimited power to the Federal head the local interests o the several parts Our country covers an extensive empire. Ii embraces great variety of climates and soils Of occupations and of interests The obvious danger of too much Federal Legislation is ofc0arsc that 1t may affect these different interests in very unequal degree. Whilst il seeks 10 administer the benefits to section. it may impose burdens upon another. Nor does the mischief terminate here.- Inequality produces complaint ThesuGeriug States become dissatisfied. One section nei eRly marmurs about the partiality shown to another, but against the Government which commits it. The Union itself is less respected because of the Injustice which it displays. The only way of preventing these inia Ties and these complaints is. to administer the Coy ernment within the limitations of the instrument and Tn spirit which Is calculated to eqaahze as far as possible, its benefits and its hurtheas amongst the whole UNION. In no other way can ,sc prevent the Federal Government from rushing into schemes ol consolidation. the States into tendency towards dissolution. If we permit the Federal GoyernaeHt systematically 10 adopt any rule Of construction. which may enlarge its powers at the expense of the States or of the people-if Congress may atopt any measure which they may fancy to b. unnecessary anu proper" then power may be So augmented as in the progress of time, to anoant 10 consolidation 7aen. we must extend the Executive Department to carry cut these extended powers tten one of the eale- brated resolutions of one of the first States in the Union showed in '99 we should gradually merge into limited monarchy, flushed with power aat fortified by patronage; or, We must fly 10 the othel Ata alternahYe--we must dissolve the UNION ltsc to recover liberties; that Union, which has beer eensecrated by the blood of our foTefatherS, tha tininn. which so sNerpSSsrV y,rasrrva pIr iran