The North-Carolina standard., 1845-03-12
g= VOLUME xI.-NUMBER> $40. 4 q,
TERMS--S B PER ANNUM,
PAYaBLE nv aDVANcE. a.

harmony of our system, and even threatened the
perpethitJ of our glorious Union.
ITO the States respectively, or to the peoplen
have been reserved "the powers not delegated to
THE United States BY the constitution, nor Prohb-
tied by ito the States" Each State is complete
sovereignty within the sRhereof its reserved pow
+ ers The government Of the Union, acting with
in the sphere of It's delegated authority, is also
complete sovereignty. While the general gov
Iernment should abstain from the exercise Of au-
thority not clearly delegated TO it, the States
should be equally careful, that in the iaintenane6
Of their rights, they do not overstep the limits Of
powers reserved TO them, One Of the most dis.
tinguished of my predecessors attached deserved
importanceto "the support Of the State govern:
ments in all their rights, as the most competent
administration for our dotnestc, concerts and the
surest buiwark against anti-republicafl tendencies"
and TO the "preservatien of the general govern
ment in its whole constitutional vgor, as thesheet!
anchor of our peace at home, and safety abroad"
| To the government of the United States has
been intrusted the exclusive mann cement of our
foreign affairs. Bcyondthat, il wields few gen.
eral enumerated powers. Ii does not force reform
on the States 1t leaves individuals, over whom Il
casts its protecting influence, entirely free to i'm
prove their own condition by the Legitimate exer
else of all their mental and physical powers It
is cosamon protector Of each and all the States
I
of n1tivc or foreign birth; of every religious sect,
in their worship of the Almighty accordng to the
dictates Of their own conscience; Of every shade of
opinion and the most free inquiry of every art,
trade and occupation, consistent with the laws of
the States. And we rejoice in the general hap.
piness, prosperity and advancement of our coun7
try, which have been the offspring Of freedom and
not of powet ; j..
This most admirable and wisest system of we'll
doE
vised by human minds, has been tested by its sue
cessful operation for more than half a century
and if preserved from the usurpatiops Of the fede-
raj government on the one hand, and the exercise
by the States of powers not reserved to them the
other, will, efvcnlIy hope and believe, endure
for ages to come, and dispense the blessings of
civil and religious liberty to distant generations:
To effect objects so dear to every patriot, shall p
devote myself with anxious solicitude. It will bS
my desire to guard against that most fruitful
source of danger to the harmonious action of ottf
system. which consists in substituting the mere
discretion and caprice of the executive or. of
majorities in the legislative department Of tho
government for powers which have beer withheld
from the federal government BY the constitution
By the theory of our government TnaJorities, rulc
but this right is not an arbitrary or unlimited one
1t is right to be exercised in subordinnon tothe
constitution and in conformity 10 it. One great
object ofthe constitution was 10 restrain majoriics
from depressing minoRities, or cncronching upoti
their jli$i rights. EIinortics have right to aP.
peal to the constitution, as shield against such
oppression. ;, .4
That the blessings Of liberty which our cOnsti;
tuition secures may be enjoyed alike by mnoritirs
and maorities, the executive has been wisely ins
vested with qualified veto upon the acts Of the,
Legislature. It is negative power, and is conseri
Ya'ive in Its character. Il arrests fdr the tinS
hasty, inconsiderate, orunconsuLonal legislatiof;
invi it's reconsideration, and transfers questions at
issue between the fegis tive and executive depart
mehts to the tribunal of the people. Like aIt
other powers, it is subject to be abused Whch
JndciousIy and properly exercised, the constitu-
lion itself may be saved from inhaction, and the
rights ofall preserved and protected. 49,.
The inestimabIe value Of OUT federal Unioh is
felt and acknowledged by ALL BY this system Of
united and conederatcd States, our people are per-
mittcd collectively and individuality to seek their
own happiness in their own way; and the conse;
quences have been most auspcious. Since the
Union was formed the number Of the States has
increased from thirteen to twenty.eighl; two of.
these have taken their position as members Of the
confederacy within the last week. OR popula.'
ton has increased from three to twenty milfiohS.
New communities and States are seeking protec3
tion Hndcr its egis and muIHtndeS ffom the Old
World are f1ockfng to our shores to participate
in its blessings. Beneath It's benign sway, peace
and prosperity prevail Freed from the burdens
and miseres of war, onr tradeand intercourse have
extended throughout the world Mind, no longet
asked IN devising means TO accomplish OF resist
schemes of ambition, tisurpation or conquest, is
icyoting itself to mans true interests, in develop
ing his faculties and powers, and the capacity Of
nature to minister to his enjoyInents: Genius is
free to announce its inventions and discoveries;
and the hand is free to accomplish whatever the.
head conceives, not incompatible with the ghs
1fa elow-being. All distinctions ofbirth or rank
have been abolished. All citizens, whether ma
i've or adopted, are placed upon terms of precise
equality All are entitled to equal rights and
equal protection No union exists between church
and State and perfect freedoms opinion is guar.
lntied to all Sects and creeds. rea
These are some of the blessing secured to our
happy land by our federal Union. To perpetu-.
ate them it is our sacred duty to preserve it. Who
Shall assign limits to the achievements of free
minds and free hands, under the protection Of this
golrious Union? No treason to mankind since
he organization of society. would be.equal in
ltrocit9 TO that OF him who lifted his hand des1
roy it, He would overthrow the noblcst struc-.
ure of human wisdom, which protects himself
ind his felfow-man. He would stop the progress
Of free government and involve hiscountry either
in anarchy or despotism. He would cxtinguish
he fire of liberty which warns and animates the
hearts Of happy millions, and invites all the ma!
lions the earth to initiate our example. Hhe