Sunbury American and Shamokin journal. [volume] (Sunbury, Northumberland Co., Pa.) 1840-1848, 1845-11-15

put an end to all speculation. One will see in
China a vast multitude of human beings, all &C.
tive and industrious. A comparison Of the ter.
ritnry of China, its climate, its laws, customs
and habits of the people, with those of other ma.
iions, will soon convince one that the empire is
the seat OF vast population. portion OF Chi.
ma lies on the tropics, where two crops are ca
silly produced every season.--No b, as,s of bur.
den are to be seen in Southern China. All
transportation is carried on the canals, or on lh..
5acks of men. The boats on the canals are
tracked by men no horses ore 10 be seen, ex.
cept what are in use for the Tartar cavalry, and
bat few buffaocs which are used for poughng
some peculiar soils. These facts prove that the
country is capable of supporting dense popu.
la,ion. II is not the case in China as in this
untry--they have not to produce in one crop
sufficient to support them the year Found, or to
sustain beasts of burden. that consume much
as men of the egr;cu!tura! products o: the coun
try. The land is one entire cultivated garden,
except the large grounds le.l for the burial Of
! the dead These facts would hive nothing to
deduct from the estimation of the Chinese rs 10
( their own population. But there are others The
nbs'emiousness Of the Chinese is one. They al.
/ so cat cats, rats, dogs, &c. There is an i'm
mense emigration constantly going forth. In
! Southern China there are more produc,ible ar.
ticlcs of fruE Khan in y!most any other section
Of the gube. tWe understand Mr. Gushing to
Al IN 4
wheat, and II TO Of our po,a,o)
To recall! IN mind the population of Europe
will serve Ia disprl any duuhs unp may enter
iair as 10 TIE CORRECTNESS Of the csl male Of the
population of China. China covers as large o
space ns Europe; and Why not cmain ns large
. Il p"puui u The numaIK- r"uions of the
ror,h are scarce in population, the tropical re.
gions & the south make up the deficiency. If
Europe is capable of sustaining $50 000,0OO of
people Why not Chus larger population. pos
scssed Of superior rdvnn'aEos TO Europe To
a European, accustomed to look at Europe divi.
ded in,o 6j distinct governments, with pop
ula,on of250 600, the idea ofa coan,ry un,
der one government, with population of $50.
GOO eco, is perfectly astounding.
When We CONSIDER the facts of the immense
population of Chna-lhut it's goverrm' mt and
laws have endured for centuries, We come 10
nsk wln, rs The form .. its government, and
whet the principle uf lis social organization -
The exterior foim is an hereditary monarchy.
The reignng sovereign bears particular
ht. fi,p MAJ N f,tt "a
reign. as it is deemed s,crilegious to pronounce
The maine Of the sovereign after he ascends the
throne. The prominent, and, i, may be said,
almost the only principle OF government is the
pairrna relation The Emperor is called the
father Of his people and the idea Of the pa'er-
nal relation nuns through all the habits, laws,
and customs Of the people. 1t is fiction, not.
w,hs'anding, but beautiful one.
4 The radical idea in the social organization of
the Chinese, is veGcra'nn o:parei,s. Annual
offerings are made at the graves of their anres
I tors, and children most rclsn,lcssly punish.
ed by their parents for any disrespec, shown 10
them.
The government consist II The sovereign :;
cabinet council; couucil vi tic army, Uhc
great general council y six supreme hoar!s Of
revenue. rigi.is. &c, (counci for ,l.c TarSrs y
council for the general inspec,inn uf officers !;
the high court of appeals council for pxAmi
milton of can,;aes Tor public Offices council
Of the governors. &c, OF provinces, and the ar.
my.
There is one rnrpns fact in this organiz,.
tim and that is the cXprdirnt adopted 10 So.
care the full submission of China to the Tartar
These Oh n"se were permitted To remain just
ms they were previous to the invasion but 4
/ Tartar was appointed for every Chinese in ,he
government, and this SECURED the Tartar power
/ The sovereign power is of a religious as we'll
as political character. When presented To
the Emperor, The individual must prosrarc him.
self three times on the ground, rising each
time, and touching the ground each time he
prosraies himself This may be seen going un
every day among the Common people IN the
streets, who "fe constantly bowng at their al
'ars, idols, &c. The ceremonies carries with
It the ideal OF total submission, mingled, it may
be, with religious devotion,
The Offices OF government are bestowed urnn
merit. intellectual and morsh they are not he
redltary. There are but few ti,ulur families,
and they are among the Tarlars they, howe.
yer enjoy no especial privileges.
Scholars constitute the first rank in the en-
pire. After passing the examinations, which
are most strict, the most meritorious are appoin.
ted to the inferior offices of government en-.