Iowa territorial gazette and advertiser., 1845-12-27
lTERMs::::::::::$2 90 IN ADVANCE !


ties. TO say thar the people Of ,heie
government are incompetent, or not 10 s.
trusted with the custody Df. their own
! money.in their own treasury, provided
oy themselves. but mus. rely on the pre.
s'denss, cashiers and steckhoi,lers ,of bank.
ing corporations, mt appointed bv ,hem
= nor responsible 70 them. would he "a cor
cede that they are ineonpeien, for self
government.
In recommending the establishment. Of
, Q constitutional treasury, in which ,he
public money shall be Kept, / desire ~,
: adequate provision be made by Law "a, Il.
. safety and that all execn,ive discretion !,
! control over il be removed, except sueh
a. may be necessary In direc,inE IL d;s.
bursemen. ihsPursaancs of appropriation.
made by law. 80
4 |, Under our present land system limiiGn
The minimum price nj winch thc public
] lands can be entered 1T one dollar and
Ewenty-iive cents per acre, large ti,issn.iss-.
ties Of lands Of inferior DUALITY re.naInn III, I
sold, because they will not command that
price. From the records Of the Genersf
land office it appears that, Of the public
lands remaining unsold in the several
States and Territories in which thev ara
situated, t.irty-nine millions one hundred
and five thousand five hundred and seven
! ty-seven acres have been IN market, sub-
Ject TO entry more than twenty years; for.
ty-nine millions six hundred and thirtv.
eight thousand six hundred and forte four
acres for more than fifteen years; SEVENTH
three millions seventy-four thousand and
six hundred acfes fof more than ten years!
and one hundred and six millions one hum
dred and ses eniy-six ihousand ninH him
drcd and sixty-one acres for more than i've
years. Much the largest portion Of these
lands will continue to be unsalenble al fha
minimum price at which they are permit
ted to be sold, so long as large territorie,
Of land from which the more Valuable nor-
tions have not been selected, are annuallv
brought into market BY the government,
With the view to the sale and settlement
Of those inferior lands, recommend chat
the price be graduated and reduced beloE
the present minimum rate; eonfninr thS
sale at the reduced prices ID settlers and
cultiyators, in limited quantities. ifcTnd,
uated and reduced in price for limited
term to one dollar per acre, and after tha
expiration Of that period for second and
third term 10 lower. fates, q lafse r0ttion
Of these lands would he purchased. and
many worthy citizens, who are unable II
Pay higher rates, could purchase home1
Tor themselves and their families. Bv ad-a
opting the, policy Of graduation and rSfuc.
ton OF price, these Inferior lands. will b.
sold for their real value, while the Stats
in which they lie will be freed from the
inconvenience, if not injustice, to whicE
they are subjected, in consequence Of tho
United States continuing to own large
quantities Of the public lands within their
borders, not liable to taxation for the ann
port oftheir local government. .. .iI. N
! recommend the continuance Of the poi-
icy OF granting pte-emp:ions, in lis mosk
liberal extent, to all those who have set.
tied, or may hereafter settle, on The uub..
lie lands, whether surveyed or unsuryevj
ed, to which the Indian title NAV havS
been extinguished at the time of settle.
ment. It has been found by experiences.
that in consequences Of Combinations of
purchasers and othet causes, very small
quantity Of the public lands, when sold al
public auction, commando higher price
than the minimum rate established by law!
The settlers on The public lands, are. how5
ever, but rarely able to secure their homes
and improvements at the public sales, q
that rate; becaGse these combinations. ~
means Of tie capital they command, and
their superior ability to purchase, render
It impossible for the settler to eompesc
with them in the market. BY putting
down all competition, these tombinat;ons
OF capitalists and speculatofs are usually
enabled to purchase the lands, incl0dinS
the improvements Of the settlers, at ths
minimum price of the government, and
either turn them out Of their homes. ar o e. g.
tort from them according to their ability 70
pay, double or quadruple the amount paid
for them to the government. Il is to fhS
enterprise and perseverance Of The hardy
pioneers Of the West, who penetrate the
wilderness with their families, suffer tie
dangers, the privations, and hardsi.ips at
tending the settlement Of a new country.
and prepare the way for the body Of eu,i-.
grants, who, in the course Of a few jeafs..
usually fellow them, that we are. II 1
great degree, indebted for the rapid cx-
tension and aggrandizement Of our country.
Experience has proved that no portion
OF our population are more patriotic thaH
the hardy and brave men Of the frontier:
or more ready 10 obey tKe call of theif
country, and to defend her rights and hcf
honor, whenever ard by whaievgr enemy
assailed. They should le protetted from
the grasping Spectator, and secured at the
minimum price Of The public lands, IL did
humble homes which they have Improved
BY their labor. with This end il "a s;iiesi
all vexatious or unnecessary restfibtfons
imposed on them by the existing pte-enp-
tion laws, should be repealed or modified.
L is the true policy Of The government q
afford facilities 10 its citizens 10 become
the owners Of small portions of our vssr
public domain at low and moderate fstee.
The present system Or manssteiiiliie ili .he
mineral lands Of the United States, is Be-
lieved to be radically detective. Mmv
than million Of acres Of The public k3As5.,
supposed to contain lead aud other miner 5
ais, have been reserved from sale ,-aY,d ri.
merous leases upon them have been grant.
~ IA sv,Ivs1,,.lc s,xx>v~ y ..s--arx- RREa. @k