American Republican and Baltimore daily clipper. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1844-1846, 1845-01-22

y snip winch, having toacneu at canton, lid:
there paid tonnage duties, and discharged {
part of her cargo, may proceed with the residue
to any other port in China, without being sub
oct to the payment of tonnage duty SECOND
time; and goods which have been landed, and
paid duty at one of the ports of China, may, al
any time, be re-exported to any other port Of
China, without being subject to any further
duty. This latter provision is equivalent to q
warehousng system for all the coast of China
Fourth. Due provision is made for the re-
cognltion and personal dignity and security o
consuls or any other officers whom the Govern
ment of the United States may see fit to APP
point for the superintendent of our trade If
China.
Fifth. In regard to the payment Of duties
various provisions are inserted for the convent
ence of our commerce, with respect to the
mode of payment, and, among others, thai
merchandise may be landed from time TO time
as may be convenient, duty being paid on the
articles only when tfey are landed, and that
vessels may, within a limited time, depart, il
they please, without breaking bulk.
Sirth. Citizens of the United States are TO
have all accommodation at each of the five
ports, not only as heretofore in the construc-
ton of dwelling houses and magazines, but
also of churches, cemeteries, and hospitals.
SerenM. Provision is made for the employ
ment, by Americans, Of persons to teach the
languages Of the empire; and the purchase OF
books is legalized: it having been the custom
heretofore for the Chinese Government to per-
secute and Cypress such of its subjects as either
gave instruction or sold books to foreigners in
China: which circumstance has been great
obstacle to the study of the languages of Chi
ma, and the acquisition Of the means of salts
factory intercourse with its Government.
Eighth. All Americans in China are to be
deemed subject only to the jurisdiction of their
own Government, both in criminal matters and
in questions Of civil right.
| shall have occasion hereafter to enter into
these subjects somewhat in detail, and to sug-
gest to the President the expedency of recon-
mending to Congress the enactment of laws in
this relation, applicable not only to Americans
in China, but in Turkey and elsewhere in Asia,
where Americans Tin common with Europeans)
are in like manner exempt from the jurisdic-
ton of the local Government.
| Ninth. Citizens of the United States in Chi
ma, and every thing appertainng to them, are
placed under the special protection of the Chi
nese Government, which engages to defend
them from all insult or injury.
If the Chinese authorities neglect their duty
in this respect, they of course become respon-
sible for all consequences, on complaint being
made to the Government of the United States.
In part execution of this, and other cores
ponding provisions of the treaty, particular ar
engagements are in train for the further security
of citizens Of the United States residinr IN
o os..:i, .. wilcn report will be made to YOU
in due time.
Tenth. The vessels of the United States
are to come and go freely between the ports oil
China, and those of any other country with
which China may happen to be at war, in full
security, not only for the ship, but for all de-
scriptions of merchandise: the neutrality OF
our flag, and every thing it covers, being espe-
cially guaranteed.
Etcuenh. Provision is made for the protec-
ton and relief of vessels stranded on the coast
of China or driven by any sort of us major in
restitution of property taken by pirates in the
seas of China.
T,celfh. Equality in correspondence be-
tween civil or military and naval officers Of
the United States and those of China is stipu-
lated, as also the observance of all courtesy
and respect in the correspondence between in
dividual citizens of the United States and off
GERS of the Chinese Government.
Thirteenth No presents are to be demand.
ed of either Government by the other.
The usage among Asiatic States of giving
and receiving presents has been the source OF
great inconvenience to the United States III
those days even where it has been a mere mat.
ter of courtesy. But, as the receipt of pre-
sents by the Chinese Government has always
hitherto been assumed by the latter as an act
of tribute OH the part Of the Government max
ing such presents, it seemed to be still more
desirable to abolish the practice at once by a
provision of the treaty.
Fourteenth. Ships of war of the United
States and their commanders are at all time:
to be courteously received in the ports O.
China.
1t seemed to me that such provision would
secure to our ships of war all such access tc
the ports of China as may be needful, eithel
for their own relief or for the protection of the
merchant ships and citizens of the United
States; while it would be inconvenient to go Sc
far as the English have done, and engage te
keep a ship of war at all times in each of thu
FIVE ports of China.
Fifteenth. Heretofore, no Government lex.
cept Russa) has held direct communication
with the Court of China. At the present time
even the British Government does not hole
correspondence with the Court of Picking.
insisted upon and obtained a provision for com
munications between the two Governments.
The article of the treaty does not specify t.
achon, communications from the United State
shall be addressed, it being left to the discre
ton of the American Government to cleo
whom it will address, not excepting the Empe
t ror.
Upon this point shall make to you sepa
rate communication, with reference as well t
: its importance as for the purpose of ndicatin
, the parties at Court whom it will be most cor
venient for the Secretary of State to address
when occasion shall arise.
Sixteenth. In regard to opium, which is nc
directly mentioned in the English treaties, it
provided by the treaty of Wang Hiya, that cit