The Cadiz sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 184?-1851, 1845-12-10

iously made TO settle the questions in dispute L
,etween the two countries, by negotiation, upon c
he principle ofcompromise; but each had prov
ID unsuccessful. ii
These negotiations took place at London, in |
he year ISIS, 1924, and 1895; the two first un-
Ter the administration of Mr.. Monroe, and the |
ast under that of Mr., Adams. The negotiation
1f 1918 having failed to accomplish its object,
resulted in the convention of the 10Th Of Octo-
Der that year. By the third article of that con-
vention, il was " agreed, that any country that
any country that may be claimed by either party I
on the northwest coJst of America, westward OF
the stony mountains, shall, together with its hal-
bors, bays, and creeks, and the navigation Of all
rivers within the same, be free open for the term
Of ten years from the date of the signature ofthe
present convention, to the vessels, citizens and
subjects Of the two powers it being we'll UNDER
stood that this agreement is not TO be construed
to the prejudice of any claim which either OF the
two high contracting parties may aave to any
part Of the said country nor shall il be taken toI
affect the claims of any other power or State TO-
any part of the SAID country; the only object OF
the highcontractng parties in that respect being,
to prevent disputes and differences among them
selves.
The negotiation of 1924 was productive of no
result, and the convention of 1918 was left un-
changed.
The negotiation oflS26, having also failed TO
effect an adjustment BY compromise, resulted in
the convention of Augustine 9th, 1927, by which
twas agreed to continue in force, for an indeti-
mite period, the provisions of the third article of
the convention of the Goth of fOctober, 1918; and
il was further provided, that !" it shall be compe'
tent however, to either of the contracting parties
in case ether should think fit, at any time after
the 2Oth of October, 1928, on giving due notice
of twelve months to the other contracting party,
TO annul and abrogate this convention, and it
shall, in such case, be accordingly entirely an
nulled and abrogated after the expiration OF the
said term of notice." In these attempts to ad-
just the controversy, the parallel OF the forty
ninth degree ofnorth latitude had been offered by
the United States to Great Britain, and in those
of 1918 and 1926, with a further concession OF
the free navigation of the Columbia river south
of that latitude. The parallel of the torty-nlnth
4Idegree, from the Rocky Mountains to its inter
dsection with the northeasternmost branch ofthe
j Columbia, and thence down the channel OF thai
yriver to the sea, had been offered by Great Brit
,lain, with addition of small detached territory
8 north of the Columbia. Each of these PROPOSE
, tons had been rejected by the parties repective
lily.
: In October, lS43, the Envoy Extraordinary ant
4 Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States II
London was authorized to make similar oitel
, to those made in 1918 AMI 1926. Thus stoot
r the question, when the negotiation was shortly
. afterwards transferred TO Washington; and, OF
D the 23d of August, 1874, was formally opened
f under the direction of my immediate predeces
: sor. Like all the previous negotiations, IT wa
based upon principles of" compromise" and th'
avowed purpose of the parties was, to treat o
the respective claims of the two countries to th
!, Oregon territory, sgith the view to establish
] permanent boundary between them westward O
r the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific ocean. =
c Accordingly on the 26th of August, 1914, tn
: British plenipotentary offered TO divide the ore
: gon territory by the 49th parallel of north lat
{ Judo, from tho Rocky mountains to the point {
G us ntersected with the northeasternmost branc
e of the Columbia river, and thence down that rive
i to the sea; leaving the free navigation OF the rlV
: er 10 be enjoyed in common by both partles-th
country south of this line TO belong TO the Unite
/, States, and that north oft to Great Britain. A
a the same time he proposed, in addition, to yleI
e to the United States detached territory, mort
S of the Columbia, extending along the Pacific an
j. the straits of Fuca, from Bufnch's harbor inclt
# sive, to Hoods canal, and to make free to tn
n United States anyport or ports south OF latltud
h 40 degrees, which they might desire, either 0
: the main land, on Quadra and Vancouver's is
l. and. With the exception Of the free ports, tn
Il was the same offer which had been made by tt
l. British and.rejected by the American goverl
l. ment in the negotiation of 1926. This propos
d ton was properly rejected by the American plel
IS ipotentiary on the day it was submitted. Th
is was the only proposition of compromise onere
J. by the British plenpotentiary. The propostlo
h on the part of Great Britain having been reJec
st ed, the British plenipotentiarv requested that
e proposal should be made 10y the United Stat
1t for "an equitable adjustment of the question" :"
il When came into office, found this TO be Il
o state of negotiation Though entertaining Il
,r settled conviction, that the British pretentons
e, title could not be maintained to any portion oft
10 Oregon territory upon any principle of publ
aw recognised by nations, yet, in Difference
he what had been done by my predecessors, and
I'd pecially in consideration that propositions
IL compromise had been thrice made by two prec
le ding adminintrations, TO adjust the question
to the parallel of 49 degrees, and in two Of the
at yielding to Great Britain the Fl ee navigation
IN the Columbia river, and that the pending nego
Ii alton had been commenced on the basis OF Co
er promise, | deemed It TO be my duty not TO .
u rupy break it of. In consideration, too, II
it. under the conventions of 1918 and 1927, the c
zens and subjects of the two powers held 10
* occupancy of the country, | was induced TO ma
y. another effort TO settle this long pending cont
m versy in the spirit Of moderation which had Civ
er birth TO the renewed discussion. A propositi
Ell was accordingly made.which was rejected by
To- British plenipotentiary, who, without submitti
ed any other proposition, suffered the negotiation
of his part to drop, expressing his trust that the