Southport telegraph. [volume] (Southport, W.T. [i.e. Kenosha, Wis.]) 1840-1850, 1845-02-10
! SOUTHPORT WISCONSIN, MONDAY FEBRUARY TO- 1915

lection and relief of vessels stranded on the
coast of China, or driven by any sort of ris
major into whatever part Of China: and also
/ for the restitution of properly taken by pi-
rates in the seas of China.
IireIfih.- Equality in correspondence
between civil or military and naval officers
Of the United States and those of China is.
stipulated, as also the observance of all
courtesy and respect in, the correspondence
between individual citizens Of the United
States and officers of the Chinese Govern
mcni.
Thrieenfh.-No presents are 10 be de-
manded Of either Government by the other.
The usage among Asatic States Of giving
and receiving presents has been the source
of great inconvenience TO the United States,
in those cases even where it has been a
matter Of courtesy. But, as, the. receipt Of
presents by the Chinese Government has
always hitherto been assumed by the latter
as an act Of tribute on the part of the Go
vernment making such presents, it seemed
TO be still more desirable to abolish the
practice at once by provision Of the trea-
ty.
Fourteenth.-Ships Of war of the United
States and their commanders are at all times
Fto be cautiously received in the ports OF
China.
1t seemed 10 me that such provision
would secure 10 our ships of war all such
iaccess to the ports of China, as may be
needful, either for their own relief or for
The protection of the merchant ships and
citizens of the United States; while it would
be inconvenient TO go SO far as the English
have doue, and engage to keep ship of
war at all times in each Of the five ports of
China.
Fifteenth no Government
Except Russia) has held direct commun-
cation with the Cpuu Of China. At the
present time. even the British Government
does not hold correspondence with the Court
of Peking insisted upon and obtained a
provision for communications between the
two Governments.
The article Of the treaty does not specify
10 maom communications from the United
States shall be addressed, il being left TO the
discretion Of thu American Government to
elect whom it will address, not excepting
the Emperor.
Upon this point shall make you sepa-
rate communication. with reference as well
to its importance as for the purpose Of indi-
eating the parties at Court whom it will be
most convenient for the Secretary of State
10 address, when occasion shall arise.
Sirtcenth.-In regard TO opium, which is
mot directly mentioned, in the English trea-
ties, it is provided by the treaty of Wang
Hiya, that citizens Of tho Uaitsd States en-
gagged in this or any other contraband trade
shall receive no protection from the Amerl-
can Government, nor shall the flag of the
FUnited States be abusively employed by
other nations as a cover for the violation OF
the laws of China. Upon this point, also.
| shall have occasion TO address to you a
separate despatch.
have thus, in a brief manner, indicated
some Of the peculiar provisions fthis treaty.
Many Of them. are new and important.
/ Some of the English newspapers have
commented rather boasfully upon the fact
that English arms, had opened the ports of
China to other nations, and at the same time
have, with flippant ignorance, ridiculed the
idea of mission from the United States TO
do that which Gt was said) had been already
done by England.
ascribe all possible honor to.the ability
displayed by Sir Hen:y Pot,inger in China,
and to.the success which attended his nego-
tiations ). and recognize the debt of graft
tude which the United States and all other
nations owe to England for what she has
accomplished in China. From all this much
benefit has accrued to the United States.
But, in return, the treaty of Wang Hiya,
lin the new provisions it makes, confers a
great benefit on the commerce of the British
EMPIRE for the supplementary English treaty
stipulates that any new privilege conceded
by China 10 other nations shall be enjoyed
also by England, and there is similar pro-
vision in the treaty of Wang Hiya; and thus,
whatever progress either Government makes
in opening this vast empire TO the influence
of foreign commerce, is for the common
good Of each other and of all Christendom.
The details or the tariff, are not yet COM
pleted, and some few incidental questions
remain TO be arranged.
shall dispose Of these matters as soon
as possible, in order 10 transmit the treaty,
and all the correspondence, and various
other particulars Of the negotiation, in sea-
son, if possible, to be laid before the Senate
at the opening of the next session of Con-
gress. am, with great respect,
Your obedient servant,
c. CUSHING.
Hon. John Nelson, &c.