The New York herald., 1845-11-30

special express from Boston her arrival If the wind
and wave favorable, and beat contemporaries
most handsomely We will try to do it, at all events
-
The Presidents Message-The Opening of
Congress.
The next session Of Congress opens on Monday
next. On Tuesday the President will deliver his
annual message. This will be his first message,
and most important document, as it will disclose
the exact position of this republic in relation to
foreign and domestic affairs. We have ntlmatons
from different quarters as to what will be the con-
tents OF the message. The most important topic In
this document will be full and comprehensive re-
view Of our foreign relations, particularly as they
regard Great Britain and Texas
The history of Texian annexation will be given,
and the present position of Mexico to this country
which al the last accounts was peaceable and friend
ly, probably leading to the resumption of amcable
relations.
But the most important part OF the message will
be that relating to Great Britain and the Oregon
question We have the best grounds for believing
that Mr.. Polk will maintain the same position on
this matter which he took in his inaugural address
he will claim the whole of that territory, as a full
and component part OF the American government.
Yet is probable--nay, certain-that the annunca-
future compromise by diplomatic arrangements
leading to peaceable termination OF the controver
sy Twice during the administration of John
Quincy Adams the American government offered
to compromise by dividing the territory at the 4oth
degree Of north latitude Once, as we are well in
formed, the same offer was made under Mr.. Tyler's
administration by Mr. Calhoun, although it is not
yet known whether Mr.. Calhoun offered the British
an n -
however, were rejected he retreated to the whole
American claim down to 81 degrees 40 min. After
giving the whole history of these negotiations, Mr.
Polk will probably recommend TO Congress the pas
sage of a law constituting territorial government
in Oregon, the same which passed the House a year
ago and was defeated by the Southern Senators.
Now, regards this question, and what course the
approaching Congress will adopt with respect to it,
from certain Information which we have OBJ.
tanned from several influential members of the
West, we are of the opinion that this law
FOR the establishment of territorial government,
viii undoubtedly pass, with saving clause, how
ever for the settemant of the disputed boundary by
means of further negotiations, or some friendly
mode of arbitration. We are disposed TO think,
however, from popular opinion, from what we know
OF the sentiments of the government, and from de-
velopments already made by members of Congress
from the West, that the British will never get,
hereafter, so good an offer as that of the 49,h
degree Indeed, the whole contest between the
two great countries is for the only great harbor
which there is on the coast of Oregon. The claim
of the British government for line passing down
the centre OF the Columbia River, from whence the
A9th degree touches at the mouth, would give the
only good harbor which there is, in Admiralty Inlet,
al the head of which is Puget's Sound, where the
harbor referred to is, and which canal Of hun
dred miles would unite with the Columbia River.
The British government is willing to settle the
controversy by running the 49h degree to the sea,
because il seeks to claim the whole navigation of
this inlet The American government can never
give up this point; and sooner than do SO, would
appeal 10 the ultimate and final arbitrament of the
sword.
Such we believe will be the developments OF the
first part of the essage and the probable course Of
Congress on the recommendation of the President
touching the Oregon territory
Other recommendation and subjects will be ad
verted to in the message also interesting, but in
less degree than our foreign relations. We have
the best reasons for believing that the President will
recommend an alteration OF the tariff, diminishln,
the duties to the level of from 20 to 25 per cent HI
will, no doubt, make some such recommendation
but how far Congress will act upon his recommend
anon, is difficult to foresee. The high tariff
psrty of this country has lost much strength Of late
and commercial events in Europe and this country
favorable for the modification of the tariff to
moderate point There will, probably be recon
nendation to Congress to modify the financial sys
TEN of the general government, as to dissolve al
connection between it and the State banks Thl.
will have the effect of reducing the volume Of tn.
currency, and preventing the employment Of the
surplus public revenue a basis Of bank expansion
and speculation. The State bank system is nov
beginning an expansion which will prove danger
Gus TO the country, If the government does no
adopt some principle of restriction Of this kind
There will be other topics and recommendations II
the message, less important in relation to othei
countries, but most interesting to this.
Thus we have gwen correct view Of the genera
features which will characterize the forthcoming ad
dress and the action OF Congress the message In
the last two or three years. this country has started
a new career-Texas Is annexed-this is the resu
OF popular opinion, expressed in popular elections
The organization OF Oregon in stable form al
government, is now demanded by the same popu.
lar voice. And, although many points may remain
TO be negotiated between the United States and
Great Britain, do not think the British will eve
have good offer again, that which was
once made and rejected. The whole dissension
and controversy now between the two coun
trIes involves the question" Shall the New Or
leans of Oregon be given upl' No administration
dare compromise by giving up this important poin
IN oreson-that is, Puget's Sound. 1t cannet anc
would not lead to great difficulty in time to come
because this Government, in it's executive and egs-
latnre, goes with certain and deliberate firm
ness, prudence and determination, in the pursuit
Of what IT considers it's indefeasible rights in that
country. and will be backed and supported in its
course by twenty millions OF people--by the por.r
influence. and resources of country which don.
bles itself in twenty-five years. No statesman n
Lk1. ccnntrr counected z.itla tLo uasaxx.---. -