Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1845-03-13

Id. No. 10.
} mands, and to acquiesce in any reasonable inca,
5 ure to accomplish that object.
0 One OF the difficulties which we have had {
{ encounter in the practical administration of IN
/. government, consists in the adjustment of on
revenue laws, and the levy of the taxes necessar
I ior the support Of government. In the genera
3 proposition, that no more money shall be collect
= ed than the necessities Of an economical admin
; lstraion shall require, all parties seem to acqui
. esce. Nor does there seem 10 be any materia
difference OF opinion ~ the absence Of right il
the government TO tax one section of country, Of
one class OF citizens, or one occupation, for The
mere profit OF another. 'Jus,ice and sound pol
cy forbid the federal government 10 foster one
branch OF industry to the deirment of another, or
10 cherish the interests OF one portion TO the inu
ry oil another portion OF our common country"
have heretofore declared to my fellow-citzens
that, in my ''judgment, it is the duty of The gov
eminent TO extend, as far as it may be practicable
TO do so, by It's revenue laws, andall other means
within its power, fair and Just protection 10 all
the great interests Of the whole Union, embracing
agriculture, manufactures, the mechanic arts,
commerce, and navigation" have also declar-
ed my opinion to be "in favor OF tariff for reve-
nue.. and that, Gin adjusting the details Of such
a tariff, have sanctioned such moderate discrim-
mating duties as would produce the amount of
revenue needed and, at the same time, afford rea-
sonable incidental protection to our home indus
Hy; and that was opposed to a tariff for pro-
lection merely, and not for revenue.'
The power ''to lay and collect taxes, duties,
| imposts, and exciscs," was an indispensable one
10 be conferred on the federal government, which,
without 1t, would possess no means of providing
Tor its own support. In executing this power by
levying tariff of duties for The support of gov
eminent, the raising OF revenue should be the OBJ
jecf, and protection the incident. TO reverse this
principle, and make protection the object, and rer-
enue the incident, would be to inflict manifest in
justice upon all other than the projected interest
In eyying duties for revenue, il is doubtless pro-
per 10 make such DETERMINATIONS within the req.
enue principle, will afford incidental protection
to our home interests. Within the revenue limit
there is discretion to discriminate beyond that
limit, the righ,ful exercise of the power is not
conceded. The incidental protection afforded TO
our home interests by Determinations within the
revenue range, it is believed will be ample. In
making Determinations, all our home interests
should, as far as practicable be equally protected.
The largest portion of people are agricultural
lists. Others are employed in manufactures, COM
merce, navigation, and the mechanic aris.-They
are all engaged In their respective pursuits, and
their joint labors constitute The national or home
industry. To lax one branch of this home indus
try for the benefit of another, would be unjust.
No one of these interests can rightfully claim an
advantage over the others, or TO be enriched by
imPovershing the others. All are equally emit
tied 10 the fostering care and protection of the
government. In exercising a sound discretion in
levyng terminating duties within the limit
prescribed, care should be taken that il be done
in a manner not 10 benefit the wealthy few al the
expense Of the toiling millions, by taxing io,rest
the Injuries Of life, articles Of superior quality
and high price, which can only be consumed by
the wealthy; and highest the necessares Of life,
or articles OF coarse quality and low price, which
the poor and great mass OF our people must con-
sumo. The burdens Of government should, as
lar as practicable, be distributed justly and equal
~ among all classes OF our population These
general views, long entertained On this subject,
have deemed it proper to reiterate 1t is a sub
Ject upon which conflicting interests of sections
ana occupations are supposed TO exist, and spr.
! II oil mutual concession and compromise i'm adjust
! ing lis details should be cherished by every part
| OF our Widespread country as The only means of
preserving harmony and cheerful acquiescence
| OF all an the operation of our revenue laws Our
patriotic citizens IN every part of the Union will
readily submit to the payment Of such taxes as
snail ne needed Tor the support Of their govern
ment, whether in peace or in war, if they are so
! levied as to distribute the burdens as equally as
| possible among them.
! The republic Of Texas has made known her
desire to come into our Union, TO form part of
our confederacy, and enjoy with the blessings
! oil liberty secured and guaranteed by our cons-
tution. texas was once part of our country
was unwisely ceded away to foreign power-is
now independent, and possesses an undoub,ed
right TO dispose OF part The whole of her ter
ritory, and TO merge her sovereignty, as sepa.
rate and independent State, in ours. congratu-
late my country that, by an act of the late Con-
gress OF the United States. the assent Of this 90
verDnent has been given TO the reunion and il
only remains for the two countries to agree upon
the terms, TO consummate an object 80 important
10 both.
! rl thp IF
ing exclusively to the United States and Texas
| They are independent powers, competent to con-
tract; and foreign nations have no right TO inter-
ere with them, or 10 take exceptions to their re-.
union. Foreign powers do not seem 10 appreciate
the true character of our government. Our Unon
is confederation Of independent States, whose
policy liz peace with each other and all the world
o enlarge It's limits, is TO extend the dominion
OF peace over additional territories and increasing
| millions. The world has nothing TO fear from
military ambition In our government. While the
Chief magistrate and the popular branch Of Con-
gIess are elected for short terms by the surfaces
vi NOSE miiiions who must, in their own persons
pear all The burdens and mise!ies of war; our 90
j Vernlnent cannot be otherwise than pacific 70
reign powers should, therefore, look on the an
neXatlon OF Texas to the United States not a,
lhe conquest OF nation seeking TO extend he
domlnions by arms and violence, but as the peace
iui acquisition OF territory once her own b,
adding another member to our considerations witt
the consent OF that member-thereby diminiship,
The chances OF war, and opening TO Them new an(
ever-lncreaslng markets for their products.
10 Texas the reunion is important, becaus,
the strong protecting arm Of our government
would be extended over her, and the vast resourc
es oil her fertile soil and genial climate would b,
speedily developed; while the safety of, New
orleans and Of our whole southwestern ffonile
against hostile aggression, as well as the interests
oil the whole Union, would be promoted by it,
In the earlier stages Of our national existence