The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1845-10-05
AFFAIRS I'M EUROPE.

ing rapid advances.
The Greek government is taking measures for
the suppression Of duelling.
In order facilitate the commercial relations be-
tween the Russian empire and the kingdom of Po-
land, the Russian government has diminished by
one tOurh the duty on certain goods, particularly
woolen cloths and cassimeres of all descriptions.
The Prussan government has instructed its dele
gate to the congress OF the Zollveren to agree to
the increased duties on manufactures
The Scientific Congress about to assemble at
Rheims, promises, it is said, to be well attended
many persons Of scientific distinction, both native
and foreign, have announced to its president the
archbishop, their intention TO take part IN Its dis
cusslons.
The deposits in the savings banks of Paris cont.
nue. to be IN amount enormously beneath the sums
Withdrawals fact which, it is said, may be more
fairly ascrlbed to investments and speculations in
railroads than to any great falling of IN trade.
foreign works within its territories.
Mr.. Lyell has, we understand, left England for
another tour OF the United States-havlng been en-
gagged by the Alpha Beta Kappa Society of Boston,
and other learned institutions of America to deliv-
er new course OF lectures on Geology.
According to an article in the Medical Times, dry
air is prejudical, and humidity beneficial to con-
sumptlve patients.
King Oscar, of Sweden, has entirely won the
hearts OF his people by equazing the law of marriage
and inheritance, despite the opposition of the no.
bles.
A letter from Frlburg, of the 18th ut in the
Franktawter Journal, states that two shots were fir
ed at Meran, in the Tyrol, at the King of Wurtem-
burg, but fortunately without hitting him.
Some fanatics have been preaching at Exeter to
Immense audiences, announcing that the end OF the
world IS fixed for the 10th of October.
Madrid was tranquil on the 10th ult The Three
per Cents closed on that day at 32a for cash and
the Five per Gents al 222, at 60 days.
AT the beginning of the present month there were
N 10 nf Rr,p hatvu
the military and the people, during which one man
was killed and several wounded
The Gazette de Cologne states that the negotia-
tons between the Zollverein and Holland have en-
tlrely failed, owing to the combined influence of
France and England.
A letter received at Lloyd's, from their agent at
Salonica, of the 9th ult. mentions report OF p-
rates having been met with in the neighborhood OF
Skyros.
The expense of the fetes given upon the occasion
OF the Queens visit to the Rhine, is stated in the
German papers, to amount to 100000 francs
(f2OO,0O0). The musicians alone were paid 10000
francs.
-Four new Roman Catholic bishoprics are about to
be established in China, in the cities thrown open to
Europeans by the treaty OF Nankin.
The OwENITEs. Social Institution in John
street, Toenham-court.ro road, is defunct, like its
late prototype in the Backfriars-road The building
changed hands last week. Its members and finan
ces have been slowly dwindling down till they are
considerably in debt, that the neghborhood is, at
last, free from that vile fraternity. The building,
which is very commodious, is now turned into
" Mechanics Institution" 1t may also be
toned that the Socialists (about six years snce) ex-
pended about ESQ 900 in buying land and building
hall IN Hampshire. Harmony Hall the place was
called, and the Owenite principles were there car
wise, and in few weeks time all will come under
the hammer to pay the loans granted at the COM
mencement OF the undertaking.
STEAMSHIP GREAT BRrrArN.-The mammoth
steamship, which the enterprslng proprietors of the
Great Western have built for the passenger trade
between this port and New York, having now COM
pleted her first outward and return voyage we have
deemed 1t our duty to inspect her thoroughly, with
the view OF communicating to the scientific world
such information as we are aware is eagerly sought
with regard to the result OF this vast and important
problem in marine architecture and navigation. The
experiment OF building of iron ship OF three thou
sand live hundred tons, and OF adapting steam
power of one thousand horses by an entirely new
arrangement OF machinery, TO propel her by means
OF that novel instrument, which is called screw,
(but winch our readers will better understand by
considering II as approxmating IN form to a wind
mill with SIX arms,) the whole involving as we are
informed, outlay of little short of one hundred
and fifty thousand pounds, so bold and original
that, while we admire the courage which ven
tured 10 undertake 1t, we most heartily congratu-
late her owners, captain, and constructor, on the
complete success which has attended her voyage
On her rounding to oil the Coburg-Dock, on Mon
day morning, we observed that portion OF the
screw, probably rather more than one foot in height
appeared above the water /; this, we are informed,
was occasloned by the great weight OF the cargo in
the fore-hold, which as the coal became consumed,
brought her down by the head, and put her conside
rab,y out OF TRIM To this, and to the bad quality
OF the American coal supplied to her, may be attri
buted much OF the increased length of her voyage,
and both OF these causes will, understand, be
remedled in future by emitting to bring such heavy
cargoes and by providing the coal OF this country
On gaining her deck, and conversing with some OF
the officers and crew, we were told that in some
haavV baaA dc "a b,rh CHI hoA
countered, especially on the outward voyage, she
had behaved particularly well, rolling rather deep,
easily, and without any straining or erxlng scarce
pitching al all, and taking no water on deck. To
our eyes, the deck and rigging, Except the main
topmast, which had been carried away in a gae)
the airy promenade decks, and the splendid saloon,
with Its thlrty-four Sienna marble columns appear
ed Just in the same state when babe her adieu
on her leaving the Mersey. We examined the car
pentry work, but could not find any symptom OF
working and, In answer to our inquiries, were
sured that the absence OF the usual tremClous mo-
ton, creaking OF bukheads, or, in fact any yield
ing whatever, excited the astonshment OF seve-
raj naval and other passengers accustomed
TO these voyages. We next visited the spa
cious and elegant engine-room," so unlike
similar apartments in any other vessel we
have ever SEEN The chief engineer appears to be
very steady, cool, thoughtful man, expressing the
most perfect confidence in the accurate working of
the massive machinery under his command, which
he said had worked the entire outward voyage to
"soundings," without being once stepped, and, af-
ter working IN a similar manner, without a pause,
back to England, required, literally, no repair. So
harmonious are the properties OF the crank connect
ing rods, eccentrcltes and other parts of these en-
gines, that, at first gence their size does not appear
large, but on measuring their diameters, and study
ing their enormous masses and weights, the conyic-
ton steals upon one that they are really OF excessive
magnitude. The novel mode Of turning the screw
shaft with three times the velocity OF the engines by
means OF four substantial pitched link chains, ap-
pears to have been quite successful they have
quietly than at first. The 'screw" also has stood
the voyage well, and looks as it did when we in
spected II IN the Craving Dock. II is said, how
ever, TO have scarcely sufficient surface-a defect
which will be remedied in the one which il now be-
ing constructed for her at Bristol In short the pro-
blem OF propelling by means of the screw on ocean
voyages, may be considered as most satisfactorily
.la, ~ a',e =. ana we heartily congra-