The New York herald., 1845-12-11

i IMPORTANT FROM South AMERICA we have re-
ceived by the Eunomus, Captain Mansfield, from
Rio de Janeiro, o MGcaath, and formal 10 Com
m1cio TO the 23i of October
They contain intelligence from Buenos Ayns 10
the 4th, and Monieyideo 10 the 7!h October.
Among thoss who have arrived in the E, is Cap
tain Ludlow. Of the whsIer Oscar brought home
charged with murlsr 1t viii be rscollected thai he
shot sailor 70: "a attempted Inutny.
The SITUATION OF Orbe is said TO bc Laos critical /.
il i expected he iDus' soon surrender, being cut of
from Ill resources and means Of supplying his army
Nothing new had occurred al Buenos Ayres. The
bIockadng squadron had detained great number
ot small sloops from Panama. and all the coas, OF
Buenos Ayres, laden with hides.
The situation OF the inhabitants of Buenos Ayres
Is described as most deplorsble There was no bus-
ness stirring, and no employment Of any kind for
the population. The woikmen, OF all classes, DO
not earn enough 10 support themselves in the most
miserable manner-every thing was rushing towards
utter ruin. The occasional exercise of the troops
was the only sign Of lite in the cy--when that
was rot going on, profound, alaIming silence
reigned in the city.
The National OF the 23d, contains an Official
communication from Colonel Garibaldi to the Mi
the Rio Negro, Of The llth of September, in which
he informs the Minister OF War OF his arrival at
that point, and that he had succeeded in making
good his landing on the Island of viscano. He
further informs the Minister OF his having captured
several small vessels bearing the flag OF Rosas,
some Of which voluntarily surrendered, glad to
make their escape from The enemy; he says, also,
that the whole province OF Mercedes is ready to
rise up IN revolt against the authority OF Rosas, and
only waits Tor this purpose the approach OF the
terces of the Republic to protect them
Another despatch from the same officer OF the
18th OF September. published in a subsequent
number Of the National, states that he had
surprised, and put TO the rout, detachment of the
enemy. which was engaged III the cruel business OF
driving the families residing on the frontiers, from
their homes, and forcing them TO march for the In
tenor. He took the greater number of them pri-
soners-but few escaped alive (The number Of
this detachment IS not stately He further informs
the Minister that the troops of the republic were con-
cenrating themselves at this poin-that Capt Leden-
ma was his march, at the head OF eighty cavalry
soldiers, regularly mounted and armed also that
company Of infantry was about 10 be landed, and
that the arrival of The remainder OF the republican
squadron was daily expected at the point from
whence he dates his despatch which had been COM
pletely evacuated by the enemy.
The Montsyldeo COnstautton0l ot the 23d Sep
tembe. says that, by private intelligence received
from that CITY, the block ade OF the port mad been Of
ticialy announced thirty days beng given for neu-
tra vessels 10 clear out and eight days for the
departure oi those diplomatic agents who might
wish 10 quit the country.
Three houses belonging TO foreign merchants had
been burnt down In the city
Il appears certain that force oi $50 men, belong
ing TO Rosds, which had arrived at Mercedes,
hal passed over TO the Republican forces and united
themselves w'Ih them Mercedes had been taken
BY the troops OF the republic without resistance
The National OF the 25th contains The Decara-
ton OF the Blockade, which we have before given,
addressed TO The Ambassadors OF all foreign nations
al Blenos Ayres. The blockade of the ports on
all the coasts of Buenos Ayres commenced on the
morning Of the 2Ith.
BY the Frehrand, which sailed from Buenos
Ayres, on the 27h, We learn that The city remained
tranquil. Freignts had rlsen 10 200 francs per ton
Hides from IS 10 52, according TO their quality.
General Alrman, who filed the office OF Chief Of
Police, died suddenly from an attack Of Gpoplexy
large portion OF The effects and goods of Sir =
Ouseley, minister OF her Britannia Majesty 10
Buenos Ayres, had been dlstmbaIked He takes
the place ot Mr.. Bal, Charge de AFaires, and OF
Mr. Grffths, the British Consul, both Of whom are
recalled
By dates ot the 29h. we are isformed that infor-
nation had been Obtained by several deserera from
the enemy, that the blockade OF Buenos Ayres was
already known IA their encsmpmeni, and had pro-
duced great effect upon the minds OF The troops
Foreigners OF all natioHa were Fastening 10 eage
Buenos Ayres. Three hundred passports wsie
signed IN one day.
The letters from Buenos Ayrss OF the 80 of
September state that the information derived from
The Constitutional of Montevldeo in relation 10 the
orders oi Rosas regarding foreigners was uufound-
cd, innsmuch II appears that ne opposes dltfl-
cuss TO their departure from the country. Also, ii
Is repeated that foreigners respected at Buenos
Avres, and passports given 10 all who ask for them.
Ihe blockade OF Buenos Avres was made known
on the 20h, whrreupon the American Minister inl-
medidt-ly entered protest on the part of mis- GO
sernment, intlmatlng the intention OF requiring In
demnlfcdton tor the loss aud destruction OF Ameri.
can properly which may be The result of 1t.
The mperor OF Brazil arrived at Saint Catherine
on the llth OF October, after prosperous voyage
He landed the next day, and would proceed TO Rio
Grande on the 24th. Ecstatlc accounts are gwen OF
his reception.
The Oriental squadron had surprised and taken
the town OF Gudleguaychu, capturing the garrison,
commandant and munitions.
There were ~ foreign vessels In the harbor of
Buenos Ayres, on the 10th OF September of which
IA We're English, l0 American, 10 Spanish, 7 Bra
zillan, 6 French, &c.
The combined squadrons con sisted Of 26 vessels
10 English and III French
The transport Resistance had arrived, with the
45th regiment board. More troops were ex-
peced
OUR RELATIONS wITn BUgNos AYREs AS far as
we can learn, the mission OF Com. Rosseau IL a
pacific, commercial one. Our information from com.
mon but credible report is that he is instructed to
NINE the countries on the Paraguay and Panama rivers
with view TO ascertain what commercial advantages
hey oder TO the enterprise OF the United States That