The St. Landry whig., 1845-02-13
a 0R. st. Mam1en cen Dt@.

the United States and officers of the Chinese
Government.
Thirteenth. No presents areto be demanded
of either Government by the other.
The usage among A-iatic States Of giving and
receiving presents has been the source OF great
inconvenience TO the United States inthose cases
even where it has been n mere matter ofeotlrtesy.
But, as the receipt of presents by the chinese
Government has always hitherto been assumed
by the latter as an act of tribute on the part OF
the Government making such presents, it seemed
ito be still more desirable to abolish the practice
at once by a provision oEEsshe treaty.
Fourteenth. Ships of Gar ofthe United States
and their commanders, are at all times to be cour-
~teously received in the ports of China.
Ii seemed to me that such a provision would
secure to our ships of war all such access 70 the
ports Of China as may be neYdfnl, either for their
own reliefor for the protectKln ofthe merchant
ships and citizens Of the UNI d States while il
would be inconvenient to q se9glo far as the Eng
glish have done, and keep a ship ol
war at all times in each Of tie five ports Of Chi.
ma.
Fifteenth. Heretofore, no Government tex.
cept Russia) has held direct communication with
the Court of China. At the present time. even
inc DEftlSuF 0ONcfIltGttu UcS HUI hulNC VttCspOh-
dence with the Court Of Picking. | insisted upon
and obtained a provision for communications be.
tween the two Governments.
The article of the treaty does not specify e
arhom communications from the United States
shall be addressed, it being left to THE discretion
of the American Government to elect whom il
win address, not excepting the Emperor.
Upon this point | shall make TO you a separate
rNDn,,r,;nnfs o,@ with 80 &. rn rns n @ x,rall ~ itS inn
portance as forthe purpose ofindicating the par.
ties at Court whom it will be most convenient
for the Secretary ofState to address, when coca.
sion shall rise.
Sirtcenth. In regard to opium, which is moi
directly mentioned in the English treaties, it is
provided by the treaty Of Wang Hiya, that citi.
gems ofthe United States, engaged in this or any
other contraband trade, shall receive no protec,
ton from the American Government, nor shall
the flag Of the United States be abusively EN-.
ployed by other nations as a cover for the viola.
tion,o fthe laws of China. Upon this point, also,
| shall have occasion To address You a separate
despatch.
l have thus, in a brief manner, indicated some
Of the peculiar provisions ofthis treaty.
Many ofthem arc new and important.
Some cfthe English newspapers have com.
mented rather boastfuliy Upon the fact tina. the
English arms had opened the ports of China to
other nations, and at the same time have, with
%fippant ignorance ridicuied the idea Oft mis-.
sion from the United States 10. do that which, iii
was said, had eeAalrcady wholly done by Eng
land.
i ascribe all possible honor to the ability dis
playedb Sir Henri Pot$nger in China, and te
the success which al ended his negotiations ant
| recognize the debit f gratitude which the Uni
ted States and all othA nations owe to England
for what she has acc4 Emphasized in China. From
all this much benefithhas accrued to the Uniteo
States.
But, ine return, tit treaty Of Wang Hiya, in
the new provisions 10 makes, conters a great
benefit on the commerce, of the British empire
for the supplementary English treaty s~tipulates
that any new privileges conceded by China to
other nations shall be enjoyed also by England,
and there is a similar provision in the treaty OF
Wang Hiya and this, whatever progress either
government makes in opening this vast empire
TO the influence of foreign commerce., is for the
common good ofeach other, and of all Christen.
dom.
The details ofthe tariff are not yet completed,
and some incidental questions remain to be ar
ranged,
| shall dispose. of these matters as soon as pos
sible, in order to transmit the treaty, and all the
correspondence, and various other particulars of
the negotiation, in season, ifpossible, to be laid
before the Senate at the opening ofthc next SEES.
sion of Congress.
1 am, with great respect, your OBJ. servant,
C. CUSHING.
Honorable JOHN NELSON, &c.