Richmond daily Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1842-1861, 1845-03-06

usneo1s institutions. planted around the government 10
Experience hss taught how they are a.
iiare' Of the public suthores how mpo,ent for good
and how powerful fot mischief
Oun was intended To be plain snd frugal government
and shall regard TO be duty recommend 10 Con-
gress and o. lar a. the executive concerned To enforce
ey all The means within my power the ssriessst economy
In the expenditure ct the public money which ma, be
compatible With the public interests. -
national debt has become almost institution OF Euro
pesn monarehes. II viewed in Of them. esssn
ual prop 20 existing governments Melancholy 10 the con
diton OF that people whose DO sustained
only by system which periodically snsis large amounts
from the abour Of the the Golfers o the few. Such
system is incompatible with the ends for which repuL
ean government instituted. Under wise policy, the
debts contracted In revolution tnd during the Of
1912 have nhnppy eAngushed by judicous spplcs
ton OF the revenues not required for other pu
Poses not doubted that the debt which has grown
oi the circumstances Of the last few yeas may be speedily
paid of.
congratulate my feow-cxens on the cntir, realtors,
ton OF the credit Of the general government the Union
aud that OF many Of the States. Happy would il be- for
the indebted States il they freed rorn their ab
tea. many OF which incsutioosly contracted Al
though the government of tho Union Is neither in legal
nor moral senrc bound for the debs OF the Staes and
u would be violation of compact Of Union 10 assue
them, yet we cannot but feel deep interest in seeing all
the States meet hsir public liabilities, aud pay of their rst
debts at the earliest practicable pcod That they will
do So, ss soon DO done without inn
posing heavy burden upon their citizens there is no
reason 10 doubt Tho sound moral and honorable ceiling
oi the people Of the indebted Staes
q
their part. as their ability returns. acra OF unex
amplod pccunary enban pay OIL all Just de-
mand aud 10 aequcsce any reasonable measures &C.
complish that OBJ, ct.
Oae OF the iicultes which we have had TO encounter
IN the practical administration Of the Government consists
III inc adjustment oi our revenue laws and the levy Of
cs necessary Tor the support o government In the gene.
raj proposition, that no more money shall be collected than
tue necessities OF an economical administration shall re-.
qure all parties seem TO aequiessc Nor does there
To be any material difference Of opinion to the absence
An lnN nna nnf.
try or class OF citizens occupation for the mere
proht OF another "Justcc and sound policy forbid the
federal government to foster branch I'll Industry TO the
deirmen OF another cherish OF one DOR
ton 10 lho injury OF another portion our common conn
n.y. have heretofore declared my fellow ciuzens that
my judgement, is the duty OF the government 10 CT
tend, as far as be- practicable by its revenue
laws and all other within is power, fair aud lust
protection to all the interests o the whole unon
bracing agriculture manufactures the mechanic arts COM
merce and navigation" have also declared NV opipion
TO be IN favor Of tariff for revenue, and tst in ad-
Justing the details of such tnr have sanctioned such
moderate discriminating duties would produce the a
mount of revenue needed. and the same tme afford
reasonable incidental profession to our home industry
and that Twas opposed To tariff for protection merely
aud not Tor revenue"
The "to lay and collect taxes, duties mposs md
excises was indispensable be conferred on the
Federal Government, which, without it, would possess no
means oi providing Tor its support In executing this DOW
by levyng tariff of duties for the supontt OF
meni the raising OF should be the object and pro
lection the incident. To this principle and make
be
TO inlet manifest injustice upon all other than the protected
interests. In evyng duties for is doubtless pro-
per to make such determinations within the revenue prn
cple will afford incidental protection our home inter
Within the revenue limit there is n discretion to
discriminate; beyond that limit the rghIul exercise of
the power Is not conceded. The incidental protection
afforded 10 our home interests by determinations within
the revenue range. ii is believed, will be ample In
making determinations, all home interests should as
Tar as practicable be equally protected The portion
OF people aErcuuralsts. Others are employed in
nd
&c arts. They are all engaged in their respective pus
SUITS and their joint abors constitute the national or
home industry. To tax branch Of this home in
dustry for the benefit of another would be unjust
No one Of these interests rightiuy claim an ad
vantage over the others, 10 be enriched by mpovers
ing the others. AL equally entitled the fostering care
and protection OF the government In exercising sound
discretion IN evyins discriminating duties within the limit
prescribed, core should be taken that be in man.
ner not 10 benefit the wealthy few, at the eIpease the
toing millions, by taxing ioess the uxures Of e or mr.
eles OF superior quality and high price, which AN cny be
consumed by the wealthy and highest the necessarcs Of
life. or articles OF coarse quality and low price, which the
poor and great mass oil our people consume The
burdens OF government should, far practicable be die
ibGted Justly and equally among all elssses Of our popu
a'ion These general views. long entertained tbs
Jec have deemed II proper 10 reorae Ii Is subject
upon which conflicting interests Of sections and oecnpa
tons are supposed Ia exist and spirit Of comes
sion and compromise IN adjusting its details should cher
sed by every part oil our widespread country In. only
means OF preserving harmony and cheerful
oi al IN the operation OF revenue llws Our patriotic
CITIZENS IN every part OF the Union will readily submit TO
the payment OF such taxes shall be needed Tor the
OF their whether in peace or in war If thew
are so levied distribute the burdens as equally as pos
sible among them.
Tho republic of Teas has made known her de.ire IN
come into our Union, form part Of our confederacy
anu ENJOY with US the blessings Of Liberty secured and Ruur
nnued oy our constitution Texas part OF our
country-was uawisey coded away To foreign mower
now independent, and possesses an undoubted yb n
dispose 81 par; or the whole OF her territory and 10 merge
her sovereignty, as sapeiaie and independent State in
L ilatr n,yCn th., k,
Conges of the United Soics the Of this
has been given TO the re nnion and only remains Tor the
two countries agree tpOn the terms TO consummate an
object so important TO 18th.
regard ie question OF annexation belonging exclu
s'vey TO the Uried States and Texas They are ndepen
dent powers competent to contract; and foreign nations
have no right TO interfere with the take exceptions
10 their reunion Foreign powers do appreciate
the true character Of oar Government Our Union is a
confederation Of independent States whose policy is peace
with each other and all the world. To enlarge s limits is
to extend the domnions of Peace over additional territories
and increasing millions. The world hns nothing to fear
from military ambition in Government While the
Chief Magistrate and the popular branch Of Congress are
elected for short terms by the sursges those millions
VII" must III their persons bear all the burdens and
miseres OF war; our Government be otherwise than
pacific Foreign powers should therefore, look Oh the an
neXaton Of Texas the United States not As the
Of nation seeking TO extend her dominons by arms and
violence but as the peaceful acquisition territory once
her own, by adding another member Confederation
with The consent OF that momber-thercby diminishing the
chances OF war, and opening them new and ever
ing markets for their products.
10 Texas. the reunion is important because the strong
protecting Of government would be extended over
her, md tie vast resources of her fertile soil and genial eli
mate would be speedily developed; While the safety Of New
orleans and OF our whole southwestern frontier sgans hos
tile aggression. well the interests OF the whole Union
would be promoted by il.
In the earlier stages Of national existence the opinion
prevailed with some, that system Of confedera,ed
states could not operate successfully over an extended
territory, and serious objections have at different times
been made TO the enlargement Of our boundaries These
objections were earnestly urged when acquired Lous-
ana. Experience has shown that they were not well founded
The title Of Indian Tribes TO vast tracts of country
has been oxngushed New States have been admitted into
the Union. New Territories have been created and our
Jurisdiction and laws extended them AZ our popu
ston has expanded the Union has been cenesiei and
strengthened As boundaries have been enlarged and
our agricultural population has been spread over large
surface, our Iedoratve system has acquired additional
strength and may well he doubted