The New York herald., 1845-01-27

the senate py Small maJority-Dut tnis ID uouOt-
full
Everything looks auspicious for Texas. What
will the foes of annexation now do
The Relations between the United States and
England-The Great Moral War.
We give to-day, on our first page, coplous extracts
from two very interesting articles on our Mexican
diplomacy, which we find in the columns the lead
ing organs OF both political parties in Engand-the
Times and Morning Chronicle. These articles are
interesting, because they present to us clear ex-
preston of public opinion in Great Britain with
regard to American politics and American affairs,
and discover that the neral war between the two
countries is rapidly acquiring degree of intensity
which, under different circumstances, might not
have been so speedily developed.
1t will be seen that both journals from whom
we quote take precisely the same ground, and, in
deed, they may be regarded as expressing the uni.
versal sentiment which prevails in Great Britain
with regard to the policy and action of our govern
ment. They seize, as a matter of course, with
great avdity, upon the weak points in American
diplomacy, in relation to slavery, order to excite
against this country all the religious and moral
prejudices of England. This is one of the modes
by which the enemies of republican institutions
expect to destroy the reputation Of our system of
government, to depreciate American character in
Europe, and hold us up to the ridicule and execra
tion of the old world, thereby preventing the mas
ses there from taking a leaf out of that broad
volume of liberty which they see here spread out
before them. The real causes, however, of the
hostility of the English press and of the English
people, and, as we may soon expect 10 see de-
veloped more clearly, of the English government,
Is to be traced to the extraordinary physical, ma
terlal, political and commercial progress Of this
country to a state of unexampled national wealth
and power. 1t is even now acknowledged by the
public writers and speakers in England, that in
come important branches Of manufactures in which
hitherto the British have surpassed the world, the
Uated States now bear the palm, and are able to
compete successfully with the British, driving them
out Of the market This is beginning to attract their
serious attention, and the remarkable advantages
natural and acquired, ofthis country-the growth Of
tropical productions in the South-the proximity to
the region Of mechanical skill for converting these
productions into articles OF merchandise, such as
cotton-the perfect liberty and independence en-
Joyed by all-the spirit and enterprise Of our peo-
pie indicate TO the British statesmen and peo.
pie Of all classes that contest is springing up be
tween the United States and England of tar great
er magnitude than any national struggle which has
yet agitated the civilized world-a contest which
seems in some of its features to resemble that be-
tween aHcient Rome and ancient Carthage, but in
magnitude and importance, when compared to that,
only as giant to gnat.
Our progress in wealth, industry, enterprise, skill
science, the arts, Is rapidly creating power which
a n n a o Ten he
ment Of the human race in future ages-and this
it is which alarms and bestirs the English polt
clans and writers, and drives them to the necessity
of finding some point of attack, on which they
hope to unite the great powers and great masses Of
Europe against this country. That point is the
question of slavery, as put forward by Mr. Calhoun
in his negotiations relative to Texas The slavery
question is, indeed, an unfortunate point for this
country. Not that it cannot be met, and discussed
and argued on The highest religious and philosophi.
cal principles, in such way to satisfy every
sonabe man that the institution of the Southern
States, as affecting the moral and physical condi-
ton of the living under it, is far preferable to
any of the systems of society which prevail in
England or any other nation, affecting the lower
classes 1t is sort of philosophical and religious
abstraction, in which the prejudices of the old
world are deeply engaged, and unfortunately for
this country, large party in the free States
sympathize with the same prejudices. This con-
stitutes the weak point of American power and in
huence, and we believe the only rational, manly
and successful manner of meeting the difficulty il
to meet, as Mr. Calhoun has met it-boldly, ane
face to face.
AS yet we have the opinions only Of the English
press on these diplomatic movements. We have
yet to hear from France and other portions o.
Europe, and possibly they may speak in different
strain. The whole tendency of this controversy
however, is to involve the two nations in mora
and intellectual war certain party questions con-
nected with American institutions, American di.
plomacy, and American character, such as will
have very great influence on the movements OF
parties here in future years The Abolition party
IN the free States consisting of sixty thousand
voters, organized at all points, will take fresh
age, and derive fresh energy from the sympathy
which they are now meeting at the hands OF the
open and secret enemies of American institutions
and American prosperity in Europe. This is already
beginning to be in various quarters in the free
States The future is big with mystery and doubt
The CHINESE TREATY-ITs Provisions s.-We
give in another column, a condensation of the
Chinese Treaty and its provisions, taken from the
Washington Globe. We do not know whether
this contains the whole of the treaty, or complete
view OF its provisions. We have been led to sup
pose that it does not contain all the provisions
from the result of an application, made by an agent
of ours at Washington, for copy OF the treaty. II
seems that the government have determined not
TO publish it until after ratications have been ex-
changed with the Chinese government; and, in
some quarters, we understand that very singular
reasons are given for Withholding the treaty from
the publc-n consequence OF its containing some
provisions extending more benefits to the United
States than were secured to England by her treaty,
and which, therefore, are concealed from the
British government until after the ratification, lest
their influence might be exerted to prevent it, Pro-
badly something of this kind may exist, but we