The voice of freedom. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1839-1848, 1844-06-27

"hOSN huhiS 10 pNl UCtuul lHC tNih -
GGnaSm. The mode, in common use, OF
producing galvanlc action is TO immerse
the plates in a trough with separate d;vis.
lons--at one end of which the supply of
electric find, generated by the action of
the acid, is in excess. This end of the
trough or battery, is called the positive
ard the other the negative pole of the blt-
terry. Now, if a wire attached to one end
is brought near 10 "A wire proceeding from
the other end, the electricity passes from
the positive 10 the negative pole, and a
spark is seen, like that proceeding from
the common electrical machine, which is
the electricity seeking 10 establish an eqqi-
librium. fthe two wires are kept in
contact, there is stream Of electric fluid
passing from one to the other, which is
kept mp by the action of the acid on the
metallic plates already mentioned. Now,
the ordinary length of these. wires, in
common GaIvanic battery, is bat few
feet; but they may be a thousand or
hundred thousand miles in length, and
the effect of bringing them i'll contactwilh
each other is still the same-that is, the
flow through their entire length of
stream of electricity at the rate already
mentioned. lftherefore the machine or
battery is in Washington, and a wire from
the positive pole is brought to Baltimore
and carried back to Washington, the end
of it brought in contact with the wire at
the negative POLE which is but few feet
long, will cause a stream of electricity 10
flow from Washington 10 Baltimore and
back again along The wire and it is
this wire, coming here and going back,
which is fixed on high posts in w. Pratt
street he two wires there visible being in
fact but the opposite sides Of loop OF wire
which would be eighty miles in length
were it extended. And this is the first
thing to be understood.
Now it is known, that piece OF soft
iron bent into the shape of horse shoe,
or The letter U, becomes magnel, so
long as stream OF electricity is passing
through the wire wrapped around il, and
he wine from the positive pole OF the bat
terry, after coming to Baltimore, is wrap
ped round piece of iron OF the proper
shape, and then goes back to Washington.
10 make this iron magnet, therefore in
BaIIImore,,t IS only necessary TO connect
the ends Of The wires atWashington, where
so long as they are connected, the stream
OF electricity which passes along them
produces the desired effect upon the iron.
When the connection is interrupted, the
iron ceases TO be magnetic, and is like
any other piece of soft iron. This mag net
which the Professor has the power TO ere
ale at pleasure, is his prime mover. In
medIalely over the magnet, say in Balti-
more,is brass lever, with piece OF iron
attached TO it, which is brought within a
quarter ofan inchor less OF the horse shoe.
As soon as this las! is made magnet by
uniting the ends the wire at Washing
ton, it attracts the iron on the lever and
draws one end of The lever down, causing
at the same time, the opposite end 10 rise.
At his opposite end is the pen of stylus
which is OF steel about an inch long, aud
aboutlbe size of knitting needle. lmme-
! diately over il, is brass cylinder with a
groove around it, into which the stylus
strikes when the magnet attracts the other
end of the lever. Not far from this roller
are two others, revolving in conlact, like
the rollers used 10 draw out cotton, prior to
spinning it in cotton mill, motion being
given TO them by a very simple clock work
moved bya weight. The Office OF these
two rollers is to draw from another roller
and under he grooved roler,a strip OF pa
per which is wound round 1t, like rlbband
on its center block. Win these expIana-
readily understood.
When the Professor in Washington
wishes TO send message 10 Baltimore, he
SPELLS i! with letters composed Of dots and
lines-for instance A may be a dot and
line, thus-.-; B, Two dots and line
thus -; G, Il line and dot, thus.
BY connecting the ends of the wires for
an instant onIy,a dot is made by the pres
sure oflhe stylus on !he paper which is
passing over the grooved cylinder; line
is formed by letting the ends of the wires
remain in contact for longer time, when
the stylus is kept pressed on the moving
paper The writing, when completed, re-
sembles the raised characters used in the
instruction ofthe blind, only, instead ofthe
common alphabet, an alphabet of dots and
lines, in different combination, is made
use of.
The mode of connecting the wires as
required, is very simple. One of them is
kept always immersed in cup of mercu-
ry, into which the other is dipped, when.
ever i! is desired to send a current of cleo
lricity through the entire circuit, the fluid
metal forming a conductor between the
ends. The operation of writing consists
in pressing a button, TO which the end of
the wires is attached,in the manner in
which a single key ola piano is struck by /!