Hawk-eye. [volume] (Burlington, Iowa) 1843-1845, 1844-06-13
BURLINGTON, IOWA, JUNE Is, 1914.

products in either State; but if set ur
in New Jersey shall be shut out o
New York by the duty levied on i'm
ports by that State The effect woult
be to drain the former of her population
and wealth, and concentrate them upon
the soil of the latter. To countervai
this policy would be, on the part oil
New Jersey, matter of imminent ne.
cessity.
Fair Trade.
In these observations it is notintend-
ed 10 discuss at all the abstract advan-
tages OF Protection as compared with a
genuine Free Trade. That question
is not at all involved in the issue here
presented. But it IS essential that we
'should understand wherein Free Trade
co Insists. That is not war, Hudibras
reaso .nably asserts, where one side
gives ali the blows and the other mere
| " takes them; and certainly that is
not freedom where one party is tight
| " bound and HE other wholly at liber-
ty. If Free Trade be any relation to
Fair Trade, as it obviously should be,
an arrangement which gives other ma
| tons free access to our markets while
we are shut out from theirs, is not Free
Trade.
Mr. Je1erson's Uews.
This common.sense view is recog-
nized and luminously enforced by Mr.
JEFFERSON in his Report as Secretary
Of State in 1893 ON the subject of Com
mercial Regulations. After express
ing his own devotion to Free Trade,
where real Free Trade is offered US,
he proceeds:
but should any nation, contrary to our
wishes, suppose it may better find its ad-
vantage by continuing its system of pro-
| hbitons, duties, and regulations, it be-
hooues US to protect our citizens, their com
merce and navigation, by counter proi'bi
tons. duties and regulations also. Free
commerce and navigation are not to be
given in exchange for restrictions and vex-
atoms, nor are they likely to produce re-
taxation Of them.
! The following principles, being found
| in reciprocity, appear perfectly just, and to
offer no cause of complaint. to any nation:
! 81. Where nation imposes high duties
on our productions, prohibits them alto
gether, it may be proper for US to do the
same bv theirs; first, burdenlng or cXclud-
ing those productions which they bring
here in competition with our own of the
same kind; selecting next, such manulac-
lures as we take from them in greatest
quantity and which, at the same time. we
could the soonest furnish to ourselves, or
obtain from other countries; imposing on
them duties, lighter at first, but heavier
and heavier afterwards, as other channels
Of supply open. Such duties haoing the
effect Of indirect encouragement to domestic
MANI lectures Of the same kind, may induce
the manufacturer TO come hsmsetf into these
States, where cheaper subsistence, equal
laws, and a vent of his wares, free of duty
may ensure him the highest profits from
his skill and industry. And here it swould
be in the power of the State Governments
to cooperate essentially, by opening tie re-
sources of encouragement, which are under
their control; extending them Literally to
artists in those particular branches OF man.
ufacture, for which their soil, climate, pop
ulation and other circumstances have ma
tured them; and fostering the precious e.
forts and progress Of household manuta cture,
6y some patronage, suited to the nature OF
its objects, guided by the local information
they possess, and guarded against abuse by
their presence and attentions. The OPP
pressons on our agriculture IN ioreign ports
| would thus be made the occasion oil re-
leving it from dependence on the coun-
sells and conduct OF others, and Of prOmot-
ing arts, manufactures and population at
home Am State Papers, Vol. l. p. 300.
These views, founded in obvious
justice, are as applicable to-day as in
'93, and in all future time as to-day
They form the basis Of true and self
sustaining National policy, and no wise
Statesman will venture TO disregard
them.
W'hat is proposed to as by Foreign
Nations.
II is important, then, that we inquire
and clearly understand what sort of
Free Trade is proifered US by other
Nations-what state Of things is to
follow the abrogalion Of our Protective
Duties. On this point the information
readily at,ainable has not been full or
precise. and the popular impression,
have neither been sound nor consistent.
Thus, we have had the same aushori-
ties calling US one day to take warning
by the fate of England, and not beg
gar our People by high Protective Ia
riffs, as she, lit is alleged has done;
and the mex. day we are told that oul
Tariff is most progressively Protective
while that OF Great Britain is compare
lively moderate
american Institute.
Determined 10 ascertain and make
public the facts in the case, so as Il
place them beyond cavil or dispute, thu
AMERICAN INSTITUTE, at meeting il
December last, appointed Commit
tee. on which were Gen. James Tall
f madge, Gen. Adoniram Chandler ant
Edwin Williams, to make the necessa
nv Investigations, and report the tru,
rates of duty imposed on our staple pro
!, ducts 10 subsequent meeting. This