The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1844-10-21


| UPON erroneous views Of the effect of tarf II IL
we'll known TINT an inrreaso Of duty does not nocesSa-
rly, produces increase OF price. u TIE proceeds
OF the lands taken from the treasury Tor ustflnu-
ton necessity will ofcourse be thereby crented for
raising an additional sum- equal TO that amount, by
duties on imports But il is wall known, in tho first
place. that an augmented duty, lit has the effect Of
increasing the domestic supply Of rival articles n IN
effect divided between the urel4n producer aud con
sumer; and in the pnce, that Gar rs the con-
pay tho additional duty their ability generally,
to do So is increased by tho ari itself, in hs infu-
enee the industry Of the country. This II shown,
nmong other ys,by augmented revenue under do
cidedly protective mri,hs illustrated IN the operation
Of the tariff of 1912. An increased consumption ,gener
ally, though moi alway proves an increased ABILITY to
purchase dutiabe commodities; and this corresponds
with tho great tariff theory that protection gives
tho impulse Of increased reward, aud sGadnass or
empoyment,io all branches Of domestic industry.
Al TINT pnrt of the public domain which lies
within tho original limits Of the United Stntes, is
holden by them strictly in trust for the benefit of tho
several states Distribution, So FAR regards this
portion or the public lands, would be but simple
execution of the trust crcntrd in tho deeds Of cesSon
TO the United Snles-n trust which, II tho p1ri,es
subject TO chnnc"ry Jurisdiction, might he en-
forced upon the principles apple bic 10 irHst
esrntes And although the cnim for n distribution
OF the proceeds Of tho lands since acquired rcsts mp.
on gtounds of Npediency only and not or strict Igh
yet That ryprdency Is not less clear than IL the right
undnr The trust referred TO-
Dlstfhulion ~ CNpruicnt, III thG r@t pnch, DcclnSc
Of lis uilect upon protection preventing, rs II VIII
tho income from the public lands from pnrncious
interference with The protective policy, by leaving
the whole Of the needed revenue to be drawn eScu
s'vo'y from imPost duties. And this constitutes
another strikin. ground Of difference between tho
genuine and spurious friends Of profession.
Distribution is eXpedient also, because tho pro.
ceeds of the national domain th'~chy brought
nearer to the people, who cnn through their nmcd-
ate representatives. in the State legislatures, more
ofueeded improvement Since tho arrestng Of the pol
Icy Of Internal improvement, by the national govern
mont, effected by the Maysve veto di-tribntnn, has
become the only by which the ais Of the pub
lie lands hs mndr 10 accomplish that important
purpose And if the fund be thus appropriated,
through distribution thu states, the arrCstng Of tho
policy by the veto referred Ia, may not, porhnps he
subject Of regret since the object can, probably, be
better accomplished through State than National adj
ninistralon. But 10 stop the national appropriation
Of tho fund, FOR purposes Of improvement and at the
time, withhold it from the States is 10 abandon
tho object altogether and thus nrego tho great nation
al advantages which this fund. from it, permanent
character well as from its largo amount, is pecu-
lidrly adapted to
This fund may moreover, under the slate admins
ration be made TO reach object o improvement
1t would, probably, never reach in the hands Of the
general governmental mean tho object Of e6uca-
Uor--an objec, Of more importance to this nation
Than all other objects combined, to which tho fund
possibly BIO Appropriated II is thus that the great
domain may be made to reach, and purify, thought
and feeling among the masses upon whom rest, and
NUT always res; whilst our institutions republican,
the government Of this natiun; and whose moral aud
intellectual character uN shape its desnies, trough
hew them as we will" by the most carefully matur-
ed schemes Of national policy.
If we would make this truly great nation,
give activity and vivor the elements of great
in the hearts and minds Of its people These rl
Gments must bn brought out-thcir cnpaclus fully
developed and their energies rightly directed, And
here the means Of doing diminished to our hands
Let the nation either use them, or place them where
they may he used, for this great purpose, and thus
render the beneficial effects oi the appropriation oi the
national domain, solid ard enduring nS the domain
itself II is TINS, in the rig ht nse Of the means for
national improvement which God has given Us, that
he will bless us-wi make u grcat and good
nation ,nnd enable US TO accomplish the ends Of
His Providence in giving national existence.
There is another question ofgreat aud overwhelm-
ing interest which recent events have forced upon
attention. by sudden and Spected turn Of par
~ policy, called ON to decide the momcn,ous
question whether n fnreign nation shall he annexed
to, and become part Of this conlederacy. As this is
question in which the States members ofthe Union,
have n specia interest, and upon which they may,
and ought immc dmtey, To express their opinions
through their respective legislatures it will not he