Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1844-05-25

the separation OF Texas from Mexico IL the Spanish
Government and Mexico herself which invited and offered
from the diversity Of character habits religion and political
opinions, necessarily led to the separation without the inter-
ference OF the United States in any whatever II is
true the United States early PERIOD recognised the
Independence of Texas but, in doing SO, is well known
they but acted in conformity with established principle
recognise the Government de facto. They had previously
acted the principle in reference Mexico herself
and the other Governments which have risen the former
dominons OF Spain on this continent.
They equally without responsibility for that state of
things already advered the immediate OF impos-
ing them, in sefdefence, the obligation Of adopting the
they have They remained passive long the
policy the part Of Great Britain which has led TO its
adoption had Immediate bearing their peace and safe
N While they conceded to Great Britain the right Of adopt
ing whatever policy she might deem best in reference the
African race within her they on their part
claim the right for themselves The policy she has
adopted in reference to the portion Of that in her do
minons may be humane and wise but il does not follow,
il it prove with her. that would be in reference
the United States and other countries whose situation diff
feTs from hers Hut, whether il would be not belongs
to each TO judge and determine for ITSELF With it
question TO be decided not by the Federal Government but
by each member of this Union for ITSELF according its
views of its domestic policy, and without any right the
part Of the Federal Government interfere any
whatever Its rights and duties limited protecting,
under the guarantees Of the Constitution each member OF
this Union in whatever policy may adopt in reference to
the portion within its respective limits large number OF
change the relation which has existed from their first settle
men between the races; while Others where the Af-
is less numerous, have adopted the opposite policy
belongs not to the Government To question whether the
former have decided wisely and if it did, the under
signed would regard this occasion dis
the subject He does not however, deem it irrelevant
TO state that if the experience of than half century
to decide would be neither humane wise in them to
change their policy The and other authentic docu
show that in all instances in which the States have
changed the former relation between the two races the
don Of the African instead Of being improved has become
They have been invariably sunk into vice and pau
pesm, accompanied by the bodily and mental infections in
cdent Observation-Disclosures blindness, insanity and docy-to
degree without example, while, in all other States which
have retained the alton between hem they have
improved greatly In every respec-in number, comfort in
elgence and morasas the following facts, taken from
such sources, will serve illustrate
The number Of deaf and dumb, blind idiots and insane Of
the in the States that have changed the ancient ea
ton between the races is out Of every ninety while
the States adherng to il it is out Of every six hundred
and seventy that is in favor Of the latter
compared with the former
The number of whites deaf and dumb blind, idiots and
insane in the States that have changed the relation in
every five hundred and sixty one, being nearly six to
against the free blacks in the same States
The number Of negroes who deaf and dumb, blind,
idiots and insane pauper and in prison. in the States that
have changed of every SIX and in the States that
have not Of every hundred and ffty-four
twenty two to against the former compared with the
latter.
Taking the two Of North and South--in the
State OF Mane the number of negroes returned deaf and
dumb blind, insane, and idiots, by the Of $780,
Of every twelve and in Florida by the returns
of every eleven hundred and ninety TO
in favor of the slaves OF Florida, compared with the
free blacks of Maine.
In addition il deserves be remarked that in Massachu.
ets, where the change the ancient relation of the two
was first made, (now than sixty years since,
where the greatest zeal has been exhibited in their behalf
and where Their number is comparatively few, (but little
more than 600 in population of upwards of 730, 000
the condition Of the African is amongst the most wetched
BY the latest authentic accounts there Of every
twenty OF the black population ails houses OF
ecton and one out OF thirteen either deaf and
dumb blind IDIOT insane, in prison. On the other hand
the census and other authentic OF information esab
sh the fact that the condition Of the African race throughout
:" So rsaiiar between the two has
been retained enjoys degree Of health and comfort which
may well compare with that Of the aborng population any
country in Chrslendom and it may be added that in no
other condition. in any other age country has the
gro race ever attained so hgh elevation morals, ne-
gence, civilization.
u such be the wretched condition Of the race in their
changed relation, where their number comparatively few
and where much interest is manifested for their improve
men what would be in those States where the
are nearly equal numbers and where in consequence
would necessarily spring up mutual fear jealousy and hatred
between them Ii may, in truth, be assumed axiom
that two races differing greatly, and in many respects
cannot possibly exs; together in the country where
their numbers nearly equal without the being
experience mas proved that the
relation, IN which the is subjected the other in the
Saes consistent with the peace and safety
both, with great Improvement the inferior while the
experience proves that the relation which is the desire
and object Of Great Britain substitute in stead in this
and all other countries under the plausible OF the abo-
on OF slavery would f it did destroy the inferior by
conflicts, TO which would esd reduce the extremes
OF vice and wrechedness. In this Of the subject may
lie asserted that what is called slavery in reality Political
essential to the peace safety and prosperity
those States OF the Union in which il exists. Wihout
them coniroverng the wisdom and humanity Of the policy
Of Great Britain far her concerned
i may be safely affirmed without reference the means by
which would be Elected that could she succeed in
pishing, in the United States what she to her
desire and the object Of her exertions effect
throughout the world far from being wise humane she
would involve in the greatest calamity the whole country and
especially the which II is the object Of her
lions 10 benefit.
The undersigned avas himself Of this occasion TO renew
. the right honorable Mr. Pakenham the Of his
distinguished consideration. ]. &. CALHOUN.
HI. Hon. RICHARD PAKRSHAM, DC.
Mr. Calhoun 10 Mr.. Green.
No. DEPARTMENT OF STATE
WARRINGTON, APRIL 10, 1914.
Sin treaty for the alton Of Texas 10 the United
States has been signed by the Pepoteniaes of the two
Governments and will be sent by the President the Senate
without delay, for its approval
In making the fact known to the Mexican Government,
he President enjons you give it, the first place.
he strongest that in adopting this
Government is acuated by feelings OF disrespect nd
erence to the honor dignity Of Mexico, and That would
subject Of great regret il should be otherwise regarded
~ It's Government. And, in the place. that the step
was forced the Government Of the United States in self
ieence consequence Of the policy adopted by Brit
ain in reference the abolition slavery in Texas was
impossible for the United States witness with Indifference
he efforts Of Great Britain abolish slavery there They
could not but see that she had the in her power Ia