The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1844-03-07

blacks in the Sites adjoining the slaveholding
| the census of 1870, the number Of free blacks in
the States (adding New York; adjoining the slave
holding States was l3, 1853. In the States (adding
New York; adjacent to the slaveholdng States, the
number of tree blacks, by the census OF 1910, was
l48, lO7; being an aggregate increase Of nearly
eleven to one in New York, New Jersey, Pennsly-
vania, Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois Now, by the
census and table above given, the aggregate mum
Der OF free blacks who were deaf and dumb, blind,
idiot or insane, paupers, in prisons, the
slaveholding States, was 26,342, one in everysx
OF the whole number. Now il the Tree black pop
ulaton should increase in the same ratio, 10 the
aggregate, In New York, New Jersey, Pennsyva-
MA Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois, from 1910 to 1890,
as it did from 1870 to $780, the aggregate free black
population IN these SIX States would be- in 1890 L.
000 in 1865 800 900; in 1853, 400 900; and the
aggregate number in these six States of tree blacks
according to the present proportion, who would
then be deaf and dumb, blind, idiot or insane.
paup~rs or in prison, would be, in 1890, 266, 6C6;
in 1865, 1873 1885, and in 1853 66666; being, as ws
have seen, one-sixth of the whole number. Now,
if the annual cost OF supporting these free blacks in
these asylums, and other houses, including the in
terest on the sums expended in their erection, and
for the annual repairs, and the money disbursed for
the arrest trial, conviction, and transportation of
the criminals, amounted TO fifty dollars each, the
annual tax on the people of these six States,
count of these free blacks, would then be, in 1890,
$ls sS, 200; in 1865, 600; and In 1853, 49,,
der the blacks more debased and miserable, by this
process of abolition, with greater temptations to
crime, with more OF real guilt, and less OF actual
comforts! As the tree blacks are thrown more and
| more upon the cities of the North, and compete
more there with the white laborer, the condition Of
the blacks becomes worse and more perilous every
day, until have already seen, the masses of Gin
cinnati and Philadelphia rise to expel the negro
race beyond their limits. Immediate abolition
whilst it deprived the South OF the to pur-
chase the products and manufactures of the North
| and West, would fiji! those States with an inunda-
solutely intolerable. Immediate abolition, then,
has but few advocates; but If emancipation were
not immediate, but only gradual, whilst slavery ex
bordering upon the States Of the North and West,
this expulsion; by gradual abolition, Of the free
blacks into the States Immediately north OF them,
would be very considerable, and rapidly augment
ton only doubled the number Of free blacks to be
thrown upon the States of the North and West,
then, reference to the tables sbefore presented,
proves that the number Of free blacks in New York,
Pennsylvania, New Jersey Ohio, Indi .na and Iii.
nes, would be, in 1890, 1000; in 1866 l,6OO,-
600; and in 1853, 800 900; and that the annual
penses to the people Of these six Stat account
Of the free blacks would be, in 1890 $26 Csc, 400;
in 1865, $l3, 1893 200; and in 1853, $6666, go.
1t was in view, no doubt, of these facts, that Mr..
Davis of New York, declared, upon the floor of
Congress, on the 10Th of December, lS43, that "the
sbolon Of slavery IN the southern states must be
North, filling our ais and poor houses, and bring
ing destruction upon the laboring portion Of our
people" DR.. Duncan also, OF Cincinnati, Ohio,
in his speech in Congress on the 9Th of January,
1884, declared the result of abolition would be to
inundate the North with free blacks, described by
him as '.'paupers. beggars. thieves assassns, and
desperadoes; al, or nearly all, pennies a"d dest-
tute, without skill, means, industry, or persever
aRce to obtain a livelihood; each possessing and
chershing revenge for supposed or real wrony-.-
No mans Preside, person, family, or property,
whole energies Of the law and the whole Wig lance
of the police of our principal cities to restrain and
keep in subordination the few Struggling free ne
groes which now infest them" i such be the case
now, what will be the result when, by as0ltion
gradual or immediate, the number Of these tree
negroes shall be doubled and quadrupled, and decu
pied, in the more northern Of the slaveholding
States before slavery had receded from their limits
and nearly the whole of which free black popula-
ton would be thrown on the adjacent on-save-
holding States. Much, il not all Of this great evil
will be prevented by the remuneration of Texas
Since the purchase of Louisiana and Florida, and
the settlement Of Alabama and Mississippi, there
have been carried into this region, as the census
demonstrates, from the States of Delaware, Mary.
slaves including their descendants, that otherwise
would now be within the limits of those four States.
Such has been the result as to have diminished, in
two of these States est to the North, the NUM-
Der Of their slaves far below what they at the
census of 1890, and to have reduced them at the
census OF 1910, in Delaware, 10 the small number
of 2,605. Now If we double the rate of dIminu-
ton, as we certainly will by the remuneration of
Texas, slavery will disappear from Delaware in ten
years, and from Maryland in twenty and have
greatly diminished in Virginia and Kentucky. As,
then, by remuneration, slavery advances IN Texas.
il must recede to the same extent from the more
northern of the savehoding States; and con,e
queny the evil TO the northern States, from the
expulsion into them Of free blacks, by abolition,
mlgated. il not entirely prevented. In the Dis
uict Of Columbia, by the drain to the new States
slaves have been reduced from G, ll9 in 1880, to
1894 in 1870; and IL, by the remuneration, slavery
receded in double ratio, then it would disappear
altogether from the District in twelve years; and
that question, which now occupies SO much Of the
time Of Congress, and threatens SO senously the
harmony, If not the existence OF the union, would
be put at rest by the reanpexation of Texas This
reanne xaton, then, would only charge the locality
of the slaves and of the slaveholdiDg Sites, vi H.
out augmenting their number. And is Texas to be
lost to the Union, by the question Of the exist
of slavery, but of its locality only? II slavery
be considered by the States OF the North as an evil
why should they prefer that its location should he
continued In States o. their border: rather than in
the more distant portions of the ULioa. IL l. clear
that, as slavery advanced in Texas, 1t would re-
cede from the States bordering the fee States
of the North and West; and thus they would be
released from actual contact with what they con
slider an evil, and also from all influx from those
States of large and constantly augmenting free
black population AS regards The slaves, the Afri-
can being from tropical climate, and from the re-
gon of the burning sands and sun, his comfort and
condition would be greatly improved, by transfer
from northern attitudes to the genial and most said
brious climate of Texas There he wond never
suffer from that exposure to cold and FROST which
he feels 80 much more severely than any other
races and there, also, frsm the great fertility of the
SOIL and exuberance of its products his supply of
food would be abundant. If desire to improve
the condition and increase the comforts OF the
slave really animated the anti-slavery party, they
would be the warmest advocates of the leannexa-
the reanne Ration, as the number of free blacks
AUGMENTED in the slaveholdipg States, they would
be diHused gradually through Texas and Mexico,
of their present population are already Of the col
ored races, and where, from their vast preponder-
ance in number, they are not degraded caste, but
upon footing, not merely Of legal. but what is far
the population. Here, then, il Texas isreannexed