The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1844-03-07

subsistence; and there they would not be dega-
ded caste, but equals among equals, not only By
law, but by feeling and association.
The medical writers all say, (and experience
confirms the asserion,) that ill-trcatment, over
work. neglect in infancy and sickness, drunk ennees
want. and crime, are the chief causes of idiocy.
want and guilt fill the poor house and the iail.-
Why Is 1t, then, that the free black Gas the
Proves) much pore wretched il condition, and de-
based IN morals than the slave? These free blacks
are among the people of the North, and their con-
dinon is most deplorabe in the two great States
OF Maine and Massachusetts, WHERE, since 1850,
slavery never existed. Now, the people Of the
North are eminenty humane religious, and intel
ligent. What then, is the cause OF the misery and
debasement Of their free black population? II is
chiefly in the fact that the free blacks, among their
real suPerors-our own white Population-are, and
ever will be, degraded caste, free cnly in name
without any OF the blessings of freedom. Here
they can have no pride, and no aspirations-nO
spirit OF industry or emulation and, In most cases,
to live. to vegetate, Is their only desire Hence,
in Massachusetts,, Pennsylvania, and many other
States, have proved utterly unavailingS DAD grows
worse every year, as that population Judgments In
numbers. In vain do many of the States give the
negro the right of suffrage and all the legal privi
leges OF the whites the color marks the dreadful
difference which, here, al least ages cannot oblite
equal in fact. They are nowhere found in the col
!eges or universities upon the bench at the bar,
in the muster, the jury box legislative or exc
curve stations; nor does marriage, the great bond
OF society, unite the white with the negro except
rare occurrence Of such unnatural alliance, to
call forth the scorn or disgust of the whole com
munity. Indeed, could truly say, if passing into
morals and comforts, the free black is far below
the slaves and that while the condition Of the slave
has been greatly ameliorated, and is Improving
every year, that Of the free blacks (as the official
tables demonstrate) is sinking in misery and de-
basement
by emancipation and other causes, they are aug
mented in number. Can it, then, be sinful to
ton Of far greater wretchedness and debasement,
by reducing them to the level Of the frcenegro race,
to occupy the asyums Of the deaf and dumb. the
blind, the idiot and insane; to wander as mendi-
or charity; or to prclong miserable existence in
the poor house the Jail? All history proves that
no people on earth are more deeply. imbued w.t.
the love of freedom, and Of its diffusion every.
blessings, than the people Of the South and If the
negro slave were improved in merals and COM
forts, and rendered capable Of self-gcvenment,
mediate, il the profits of slavery were tenfold great
than they are. Is slavery, then, never to disap-
pear from the Union! If confined within its present
limits, do not perceive when or how it is to termi
nate. l. is true, Mr.; George Tucker, the distin-
gushed Virginian, and professor in their great uni
verslty, has demonstrated that, in period not ex-
ceed!ng eighty years, and probably less, from the
QcnSlty Oh POpuldtlOn In all the SdVenO0lnS
hired labor would be as abundant and cheap as
slave labor, and that all pecuniary motive for the
continuance of slavery would then have ceased
But would 1t, therefore, then disappear? No, itcer-
tany would not; for at the lowest ratlO the slaves
would then number at Least ten millions. Gould
such mass be emancipated? Aad If so, what
would be the result? We have seen, by the census
and other proof, that onesixth of the free blacks
must be supported at the public expense; and that,
at the low rate of $50 each, it would cost $50 00O,
600 per annum to be raised by taxation to support
the flee blacks then In the South requiring support.
namely: ,666, 666, if manumisson were permitted;
but as such tax could not be collected, rmancipa-
ton would be as 1t now s, prohibited by law, and
slavery could not disappear in this manner, even
free blacks, permitted to at large in the limits
OF the South, could never be tolerated Again,
then, the question is asked, is slavery never dis
appear from the Union? This is startling and mo-
mentous question, but the answer Is easy, and the
proofs clear; it will certainly disappear Texas is
reannexed to the Union; not by abolition, but
against and in spite of all its frenzy. slowly, and
gradually, by diffusion it has already thus
y receded from several Of the more northern ofthe
slavehoiding States, and as it will continue thus
more rapidly to recede by the remuneration Of
Texas, and finally, in the distant future, without
shock, without abolition, without a conyulsion,
disappear into and through Texas, into Mexico and
Central and Southern America. Thus, that same
overriding providence that watched over the laLd-
and Plymouth; that gave the victory in our s,rug-
gle for INDEPENDENCE that guided by His Inspiration
The trainers Of our wonderful constitutions; that has
thus far preserved this great Union from dangers
many and imminent. and is now shielding 1t from
abolition, its most dangerous and internal toe-will
open Texas as a safety-salve, into and through
which slavery will slowly and gradually recede.
and I'm illv disappear into the boundless regions OF
Mexico, and Central and Southern America. Be-
yond the Del Norte, slavery will not pass; not only
because 1t Is forbidden by law, but because the
colored races there preponderate in the ratio Of ten
to one over the whites; and holding, as they do.
the government, and most of the offices In their
own possession, they will never permit the en-
sIavement OF any portion OF the coloIed race
which makes and executes the laws Of the coun-
try. In Bradfords Atlas, the facts are given fol-
lows:-
Mexico-area, 100000 square miles; population
900 OO0-one-sxh white, and all the rest Indians,
races.
Central Amerca-area, lS6, 900 square miles; po-
pulation nearly 1000, OO0-one- sixth whle and the
rest negroes, zambos, and other colored races,
South America-srea, 6,5OO,0O0 square miles;
population l4,OOO 0OO-l 900, 900 white, 100000
Indians and the remainder, being 9.Oo0, 0OO blacks
and other colored races.
The outlet for our negro race, through this vast
region, can never be opened but BY the reannexa-
ton of Texas but in that event. there, In that ex-
tenslve country, bordering upon our negro popula-
iion and four times greater ~ area than the whole
Union, with sparse population OF but three TO the
square mile, where ne-tenths OF the population Is
of the colored races, there, upon that fertile SOIL
and in that delicious climate, 50 admirably adapted
to the negro race, as all experience has now clear
ly proved, the free black would find home.
There, also, as slaves, in the lapse Of time, from
the density OF population and other causes, are
emancipared, they will disappear from time to time
of the Del Norte and beyond the limits Of the
Union, among race of their own color will be
dlfused throughout this vast region, where they
will not be degraded caste, and where, as to eli
mate. and social and moral condition, and all the
hopes and comforts of life, they can occupy, among
equals, position they never attain in any part
of this Union.
nj
and fortify the whole Union and antpdate the pc
riod when our own country would be the first and
greatest Of all the powers OF the earth To the
south and southwest it would give peace and secu-
rity to agriculture and manufactures, to the pro-
ducts Of the mines, the forest, and fisheries, new
and important markets, that otherwise must soon
be lost forever. To the commercial a naviga-
not canal or a railroad throug bout the Union