davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1844-07-05

The great qualification for candidate for the
Presidency now is, that he be stakeholder, and
therefore, we have three randidateS arguing their
claims upon that Sron-Tyicr. Clay, and Polk.
Ofrhe three, Mr.. Polk is hest qualified, for he has
about one hundred slaves, while Clay has fifty ,and
Tl Ter about twenty. Tyler is on too low scale
to be of much account. The contest, therefore,
will be between Clay and Polk, the former has fl
~ reasons, and The latter one hundred, why he
should be elected our next President. We pre-
sent it to the serious consideration Of the Wings,
who are anxious f+r a STAKEHOLDER, if it is not
their duty to go for Folk. We are not sure how
ever, that Polk will he elected, because Mr.. Clay
has other merits which Polk has not.-Mr. Clay
Is "A dueIist and in this particular has the advan-
tage over The Democratic nominee. The double
merit Of shareholder and duelist is sure to VIM
Western Citizen.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1844-07-05
PAPERS FOR THE CAMPAIGNl
Spread the LIGHT and TRUTH!

DEEPLY impressed with the conviction, that the strenu-
GUS efforts of the lo ing parties to bring freemen
of Vermont into the support Of men and principles utterly
at variance with our Declaration of Independence the
dearest rights Of man. and the positive commands of God
should be met with corresponding efforts part of the
friends Of freedom and hpmanty-the publisher of this pa.
per proposes funs the Freeman for f,ceniv ,Ueeks,
commencing the first wee July, and ending the second
week in November, (being number after the Presi-
dental eIecon) at the following low rates:
Five copies. aent to address, So 50
Ten do do do 90
Smaller or larger numbers at the same rate.
lTo No papers will be these terms unless the
money is forwarded in advance and in no case shall we
incur expense in transportation.
Now, friends, what say you-shalI Vermont send up
her voice to strengthen the foundations Of that giant Ini-
guilty. which drinFs its daily cup of human blood, and
sends poverty and moral death throughout the whole land!
Or will you, by little effort in your towns and school
dstri-ts, procure bundle of these papers, and also
supply of tracts, and thus scatter the living Goals of truth
upo the heart of every voter until on the approaching
Sabbath of the freeman,
" Loud a summer thunderboit shall waFen
APEoPLE's VOICE!
Oh, let that voice go forth! The bondman, signing,
BY Santee's wave in MSsissppi's cane,
Shall feel the hope, within his bosom dying,
Revive again.
Let it go forth! The millions who are gazing
Sadly upon US from sfar, shall smile,
And, unto God deyout than sgving raising,
Bless US the while"
J. POLAND.
June 81,
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1844-07-05
FOR VICE PRESIDENT,
THOMAS, MORRIS,
ofOhio.

rejoice that the abolition Of slavery throughout the
civilized world is longer Trob ematica it seems to be
almost universally conceded that this supendous fraud
upon ortion of the is fast drawing to
close, and The great question with is truly, what
ures are hest suited to accomplish this desirable end in
the United States.
g Political action is necessary to produce
moral reformation in nation and that action with US
can only be eIectuay exercised through The ballot box
And surely the ballot box never he used for more
noble purpose, than to restore and every man
his naenable rights. '-Ih0mas .H0rris.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1844-07-05

"The question for the North finally to decide is
shall the slave states draw down with hem and both
PERISH shall we by decided conjunct exeron of vr-
tuous energy, ourselves aad them from destruction -
james G. Buney.
" allow not to human laws, be they primary or secon-
dary matter by what numbers, with what solemni-
tier ordained, the least sembanc of right to establish SIa-
vey to make property Of my feline, created equally with
myself in The Image of God. Individually, political
communities, men have right to Slavery,
than they have to enact murder, hasphemy, incest
adultery TO establish slavery is teihione right to
ample on JUSTICE the only ttue foundation Of Govern
ment Governments exist fo the destruction Of lib
ery, but for its defenccno for the humiliation of men
rights, but their preservation. - BWney on anneralitn.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1844-07-05
Wing Cand date for President,
HENRY CLAY.

"I know there is Customary doem which holds that
negro slaves cannot be the subjects of property shall
not dwell long upon this speculative abstraction. That
is property which the l0,C declares TO be rrorcrty-
Two hundred years of Legislation have sanctioned and
sanclifed negro slaves property"
If had been citizen Of PENNSYLVANIA when Frank
Inns plan (ofgradua emancpaon) adopted, should
have voted fer it; because, by possibility coud the
act ever gain the ascendancy in that State But
if had been then, ur we've now a citizen of any Of the
planting Stacs-the southern southwestern Siaes-
IshouM have opposed, and uoud continue to oppose,
any schcne 'chateOer Of emancipation, gradual or i'm
mediate
cit is NOT TRUE, and REJOICE that it is not true
that EITHER of the two great parties in this country has
any DESIGN or AIM at ABOLITION. should DEEPLY
LAMENT if were true. '-[Clays Speech in the Sen
ate, Feb. I, 1889.
Democratic Candidate for President.
JAMES X. POLK.
STAKEHOLDER Of Tennessee.
AS Speaker in Congress- he gave great license to rowdy
ism and characterization.
His greatest claims are that he is in favor Of the mme-
date annexation of Texas all hazards, and is pet OF
Gen. Jackson.
The convention which nominated Mr.. Polk resolvc d***
" that all efforts of the abo nists or Others made to in
duce Congress to interfere toh questions of SIapery,
TO ta&e INClPIENT STEPS in relation thereto, cacu-
lated to lead to the most alarming and dangerous
quences, and that all such efforts have inevitable
dency to diminish the happiness of the people and endan-
gerlhe stability and permanency Of the Union, and oueh
to be countenanced by any friend of our political inSt-
tutons."
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1844-07-05
MONTPELIER, VERMONT, FRIDAY, JU Y s, 1874.
LIBERTY TICKET,
by the National ConUentton, May, 1913
FOR PRESIDENT,
JAMES e.. BIRNEY,
of Michigan.
TICKET,
of Michigan.

&C Our slave states, and especially the south
them, in which the number Of slaves greater
and in which, of course, the sentiment of injustice is
stronger than the northern ones to be placed
the list of decayng communities.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1844-07-05
TIL FIR E E MAN.

" PLANT as reeds where Freedoms waters glide
Firm as the hills to stem Oppressions tider'
The daily Madisonian. [volume] (Washington City [i.e. Washington, D.C.]) 1841-1845, 1844-10-21
the HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY.

This excellent and charitable body eeebrai,d their
~enty third anniversary, iy dining together lst eve
ming at the Apollo Rooms. A number ofinyited
guests were present, and the galleries we're hlled
with the fair daughters Of Israel Dodswoithi band
occupied the orchestra and the evening was PASSED
most delightfully."- the smisbls and respectable Pre-
sident Of the society, M. M. NOah presided The
Rev. Mr. lsaacs delivered the Grafton, explanatory Of
the object, the aim, and end OF the society HE re-
port presented by the President ably wptteu,
and gave an interesting sketch Of the opsratas Of
the charity during the past year, and the amount Of
suffering relieved by the treasury. The reeeips Of
last y, ar amounted to S3O25, OF which 81 ,964 I'D
been expended leaving balance OF but slxiy-o,e
dollars m the hands of the treasurer. The sum If
50 900 was subscribed at the table, and the fund
viii be largely increased by private donations
The President led of the list with nifty dollars
Mayor Harper enclosed a similar amount, and Re-
corJer IalImadge gave S25. 1t Is expected that ma
ny Of the Russian Jews will this year be pariakers OF
the bounty of the society the late prosecutions
have driven many of lbis unfortunate race 10 seek
asy lums in other lands Messrs. BroUgh and Jones
sang some beautiful Duets and songs DUNG The even
ing and were loudly appiauded BY the ladies IN the
gallery. A song written by T.. b. Burkhsrt, Il q
vas admirably sung by Mr.. Jones. The worthy Pre-
sdtnt did forget his brethren of the Press on the
OCCASION and the Toast moot happily responded
! by James r OTIS, ESQ., OF the Express who paid a
compliment to the benevolent efforts If the Sc ely
and TO the sweet singers Of Israel IN eyerv age lie
read passage from DIsraeiis last work, IN which
that gifted writer describes the musical genius Il the
Hebrew race, as evinced in the compositions of Ros-
SIM, Meyerbeer and Mendelssohn, and 10 the thrill
ling notes Of Pasta and G,is He concluded by
proposing the heath of Dlsraeli, which wa drank
th loud cheers Speeches were likewise made by
Professor Wines, who some months since delivered
series Of lectures in this city on the Mosaic list lu
tons, by Messrs Sullivan and Phillips, aud by the
Secretary, }. A. Myers, Esq II delightful
evening" Y. Republic.
The daily Madisonian. [volume] (Washington City [i.e. Washington, D.C.]) 1841-1845, 1844-10-21
MAKING THEM EASY.

The Intelligencer OF this morning says
The Richmond Wig Of Thursday says he
election of HEssr CLsr is EsrlRELr certain. No,''
ox but hi, dc sl can prevent IL is certain too by
great electoral majority, two to one al least
"a The Wings OF Virginia are Respondent sci
Jack on and Jack sonism have run over Them SO long
III 4 they nave aim 20, forgotten the confidence and
the buo sney Of lreemen! They have nearly forgot
ten seEy.Hases aud The spirit which conqueis by DO
tsrnlniug 10 conquer.
"W,li they then allow US to MAKE THEM EASY
Car Is already cleo ed, and by immense eitclo-
rel msjoriiy VIRoIslA-Is FOR CLAY les, 'H-
Kiaia Il lew weeks viii prove IT. we WIN not
give our local proofs We demand TO DC oehspsa'
because heretofore ALL even our enemies, wiz confess
that we have volunta. lily deceiv,d no man
"Virg,na and New Yo are safe for Henry clay
We stake our editorial reputation upon IT
"Give all doubt and apprehension 10 me VINO. :
The day is already decided J"
Now, we presume, every beart-aching Wing IS
made easy. "Csy is already eected'-and not only
that, but "by an immense majority" What the
majority is, is not yet exactly stated. We should be
extremely favored # the Wing would only state the
majority by which Mr.. Clay ha, been elected Presl-
dsat P.rhsps there is another abduction plot upon
the taps, aud should the elections next week NJ
result according to Mr. Clay's wishes it is the nten
ton OF his friends TO CAIN his election anyhow by
the National Wing Baltimore Convention, which
nimousiy selected him TO be President Or per-
hsps il may bs-since the Wing is quite positive thai,
"Clsy is already eer tedn that the friends Of MIR
c. intend to clam the result Of all the elections held
on aeswbosts canal boa's, in railroad and mail
coeehes
The Wing says, though, VIRGINIA Is FOR CLAY
How can his be so' We have heard Of no changes
in favor of "Cia,' out of Wise's dis riot in that
district, we have positive kno ledge Of i'm.
mense loss 10 Clay" This district the slrong-
est Wing district in Virginia, when the State went
for Mr.. Van Buren, by some l400 majority. 1t gave
= Wing majority Of about 500 votes. If it should
now 70 even it will be an immense Wing loss. That
the Wings will sustain loss in this dist let Of at ea asst
1000 votes, we think there can be no doubt We are
requested to the Democracy Of the Union that
the minimum loss Of the Wings in Wses district may
be set down at 1000 votes. We have all our in for
nation from Wings Of l640-from the nearest rela
tves and most intimate friends OF MIR. Wise.
But what can the result of the impending election
in November avail the Democi acy since Mr. Plea
SAINTS seems resolved to claim the ell ction held on
steamboats,, and has proclaimed Mr.. Clay to be -" al
ready electcd"
The daily Madisonian. [volume] (Washington City [i.e. Washington, D.C.]) 1841-1845, 1844-10-21

HE FRUITS or AUTUMN AND THE THANKS Wr
OwE.-We delight TO mediate upon the melancholy
beauties OF autumn, and thence to draw moral for
The guidance OF the gay den'zens Of this gay city In
Louiana, our autumn wears a garb quite unlike that
10 which poets ciothe her in the North. Here II i,
not all the " seIe and yellow lesf.n The golden and
deep-dyed hues OF the colder chimes are not I'm.
known; but hey are rsrer Our stately evergreen
with their darksome foliage throw of the garniture
Of June scarcely before the more humhe deniz,ns of
the same forests put on again their gayer ottire Of
summer. Flora Is bountcous TO u. even an the win
ter months. She smiles on ever ffom our prime
val forests, changing her aspect to the chang
ing seasons but that she wears IN winter her most
modest and to him who is bred in the Northern climes
more sweet But II Is the character Of our harvest
helds that our autumn landscapes differ mo.t from
those OF the North. There, the greater variety of
the cereal grains cultivated renders the face Of Va
lure more varied, even had not Nature hers. # as.un
cd o'her forms IN those cold and broken regions than
she ever knows IN country Of purely aIuy,a forma-
ton. Our crops are less numerous IN kind and more
uniform IN the mode OF cultivation la many mere
outward regards, Nature would appear less af
inent OF her bouniies to us Of the far South
while she Is m fact bene6cent TO Overlooking
The past year hes been Of he lorge.t abunJ.n.e
to hin who tlis the soil in this ttoacal cline While
our warehouses are tee ming with the costly swe.,s
me JUICY cane, whole fleets of mercba ntmrn are
gathering hhher 10 watt beoce 10 fsr distant olinrs
and different races, the vegetable fleece which clothes
our helds IN auiuun,-rebeI far han that'whicb tie
isbled Jason sought in the 90 ship Ago when with
HIS 'enturous crew he set firth for Colohis These
gonojs produces Of our soil bring back To Us a hum
dred-fod the grains and urunes OF less etvid cline.
have we not abundant reason t. thank the Gfeat
'Ner OF all good for bis manifold bountie. unto u
a. people, The pesiilence, witch goes b,pJ IN
hand with The eHubefsot fertility OF our soil Eie has
warded of from us The visitation Of tbs Providence
by which the immediate and shor sighted homes of
our husbaDdm2n IN certain districts within DOR boz
ders have been blasted, He, with s-seeing eye, d-
ects 70 tbs oonunu'd enlargement of our vegetable
wealth lit be then unusual under the ustitu,,on.
among which we 1--we to set apart days Of ibanksgy-
ing and praise to God for hts bouniies Al hi. tc,mug
season when they are pouring in upon US IN all heir
nehness' lie VIII not the less accept the unJstenta-
uous lrlpute OF gratitude ADD alteration on this day
especially ,et spat fr his worship by the Christian
WORLDLY 0. Pieanfne.
The daily Madisonian. [volume] (Washington City [i.e. Washington, D.C.]) 1841-1845, 1844-10-21
WRECkS-REPORTEO LOSS OFTHEU
S. CUT TER NlGILAN 4 AND TWELVE OF
HER CREW

Capt Churchill, Of the ship Nathaniel Hooper. ar
rived at Charleston on Thursday from Boston spoke
on the IAN ms ant, ship llzaide, of Newburyport
from New Orleans for LONDON, who requested him
to receive on board three wrecked eamen, two OF
them, Michael Driscoll and Henry Hoyt, believed 10
De the only survivor, Of Of fourteen persons
belonging to the United States Revenue Cutter Viz
liant Capt W. d G.. Taylor, 'of New Orleans, which
vessel was blown from her anchors out OF the harbor
Of Key West, on the 9Th instant, during a gale and
capsized. The above named seamen caught hold OF
a small canoe, which goi loose from the schooner
while bottom up they retained their holI for two
days ana nights, the sea continually breaking over
them-when taken off by the ship Ilzaide. tbey were
nearly SPECIFICS and quite exhausted
Near Cape FLrida, about an hour afterwards they
picked up another seomtn, named Elijah Corey. be
longing 10 the schooner Loui-a OF n W. which YES.
sci va also drove from her anchor to sea during the
same gale and was capsized. +. caught hold OF the
boat bottom up, and two other sesmen who were on
board when the schooner capsized attempted to hold
on, but were WASHED of and sutk-the remainder o,
the crew were accidentally on shore.
The daily Madisonian. [volume] (Washington City [i.e. Washington, D.C.]) 1841-1845, 1844-10-21

successful But he came upon the arena oil con-
aict; the harbnger Of defeat to the combined mon
arches.
We will let an English Tory journal' tell
his progress. The sketch is true, picturesque
terrific
"The romantic porii IN OF the European campaigns
no b, gan. The French Directory, unpopular 81
home, wesrsd by the ssnguinsry successes oil The
Vendean instruction, and bstird IN their INVASION
OF Germany were a condition Of the grestest per
q exty WHEN A Rtw WONDER WAR TAUGHT
FRANCE AGAIN TO CONQUER. Napoleon Bonsparie,
since so memorable, but then known only as com
msnding a conf any Of artillery at Tuuon, aud re-
pellng the armed mob IN Paris, appointed TO
command the army the Italian frontier Even
now, with all our knowledge OF his genius, and the
splendid experience Of his successes, his sudden e
ovation, his daring offer Of command his plan OF The
Italian campslgp, and his almost instantaneous veto
ries, are legitimate matter Of aston shu,ent In him
We have The instance young man OF tweoty-s'x
who had never seen campaign, who had never COM
manded brigade, nor even regiment, undertaking
the command OF an army, proposing The INVASION oil
country OF eighteen millions garrisoned by The
army OF one OF the greatest military powers OF Eu-
rope, which had nearly 5000 0 soldiers IN The He'd,
nd which was IN the most Intimate alliance with all
the soyereigns of Italy
"Yet extravagant as all those conceptions seem,
and improbable those results certainly were, two
campaigns every project realized-Italy conquer
ed the yrol, the great southern barrier OF Ausirs,
oyerpassed, and peace signed within hundred miles
Of Vienna. 1 he invasion Of Italy FIRST awoke the
British ministry 10 the true direction Of the vast ma
val powers 81 England To save Italy, if possible,
The primary object the next las to prevent
the superiority Of the French fleet in the Mediterra
mean"
The daily Madisonian. [volume] (Washington City [i.e. Washington, D.C.]) 1841-1845, 1844-10-21
MASSACHUSETTS.
RAISING OF THE HICKORY POLE AT

CAMBRIDGEPORr
The Boston Post says the arrangements for grand
Democr tic torchlght meeting at Cambridgeport last
evening were carried into effect with great splendor
The object Of the meeting was to celebrate the rails
ing OF a II ckory P lie l05 feet high in front of the
Democratic Headquarters, Hickory Hail. at the
corner Of Main and Cherry streets. The hall and
ell the principal buildings IN the immediate ghbor.
hood were brilliantly illuminated for the reception
Of the delegations from EOst Cambridge Boston, and
Brighton, which, numbering some thousands after
countermsrching round the streets which were il
m mated formed around the hall at quarter before
O'Clock, under beautiful dis Jay Of rockets and a
discharge of artillery. With full l0O0 lights shi-
ming from above, below, and all around, II is hardly
necessary to say that the very splendid and
inspiring. The music Of no less than four bands con-
ibued 10 the attractive influences Of the great and
glorious gathering.
The meeting called TO order by Lewis Jo.se-
yn, Esq President If the Csmbridgepod Hickory
CT, b, and he warmly welcomed the Democratic del.
egatons from abroad to the esd.Quarters Of the
Democracy in Csmbridgeport, and pointed out TO
them the towering Hickory Pole just raised, with the
banner Of Polk and Dallas waving its swelling folds
proudly above ii. He happily r., minded them tha,
Cambri ge was the headquarters Of Washington at
the commencement Of the revolution, and br fly dis
cussed the identity of the principles contepd.d for in
tina, great struggle with those maintained by the
Democracy Of the nation.
Mr. Josselyn concluded his effective and eloquent
address by Introducing TO the meeting the Hon. g. +
Hallett, of Boston, Who commenced his remarks by
conpratuating the assembly upon the Of certain
triumph IN Pennsylvania, notwithstanding the uner.
auped efforts OF Daniel Webster in his late speeches
TO impose upon the voters a that State false issue
on the taIf question In the city Of Philadelp his
where quite Another issue had been raised by III.
wings, they had managed to get something Of ma
jority.
They had taken issue against the principles # civil
and re gious liberty aud formed stfocious cha H.
ion with the church burners Of that city, IN our
Two wars with England that power bad formed ALI.
with the savsQes frontiers. Ia this con-
oection, Mr. Hsl,st effectively analysed the na,ur,
Of the opposition which the federal parry had Away.
The daily Madisonian. [volume] (Washington City [i.e. Washington, D.C.]) 1841-1845, 1844-10-21
From the .Nsp York Journal Of Comp,rec
COAL AND COAL MINES OF OUR COUNT RY

COAL AND COAL MINES OF OUR COUNT RY
There are two theories concerning the oriing Of
Mineral Coal.
First, that it is decomposed vegetable matter.
Secondly, that it is the result of capitalization
The former theory is ger orally received by geologss
from the following proof:
Jet. (Which is Of vegetable origin by being heated
in gun barrel, may be reduced to coal 2. 1t is OFT
ten of a woody, fbrous nature.
Vegetables arc converted into coal by the united
action OF moisture, pressure, heat, and the exclusion
OF air. The heat Is produced by volcanic action,
either by the volcanic contents being poured upon
the vegetables, or by the internal heat below. Dl-
ferent degrees OF heat make different degrees GOAL
The Bifunnous is made by the least degree Of b, at
anthracite may be made from the bitumnous, and
Piumbago from the anthracite. The coal strata for
the most part contain fresh water and terrestrial
plants, and coal is probably fresh water formation.
1t appears TO have been deposited in tranquil waters
1t occurs IN regular strata in any rock below old
sand stone.
The Appalachian system contains the Anthracite
and the Allegheny the Bituminous, extending to the
West over immense area.
To have the usual coal measures we should be ell
eyated many hundred feet. There are small depos-
its in Massachusetts and Rhode Island No part of
the world equals Pennsylvania in coal beds Here
found three kinds. LIST, Cannal; 3D. Biluml-
nous Sd, Anthracite. II occupies part the
whole OF thirty out of hity-four counties in that
State.
IN TenhsylVahla one bed oil The Anthracite IS %
miles long miles wide and 100 feet deep.
The Anthracite regions lie TO the n. +. of the
Susquehanna the principal fields of this description
are three In number, with aggregate of 65 miles
in length, and miles in breadth, embracing GA 900
square acres.
The Bituminous region in Pennsylvania is still
more extensive The beds vary from one 10 II eet
IN thickness 1t abounds in all the western counties
except Erie, embracing field of seventy thousand
oil square miles, or thirteen million four hundred and
forty thousand square acres. Two millions Of tons
are annually taken from these beds equal one
twelfth of what is annually taken from all Great
Britain nearly one-half ofwhat is ob aned from all
other countries of Europe, and about equal to that
in France.
In Maryland there two fields, one Of vi mich
embraces 400 square miles, the other is oil unknown
extent
The Coal beds in Virginia are from 40 to GO feet in
thickness
Nearly all the f. part Of Ohio is one vast field
OF Coal. Some places will yield 100000 ION, 10 a
'quire mile, and there less than 3 900 square
miles of Coal
1t IS also found in the north eastern part Of Ken
lucky, IN Is counties in Tennessee and in Alabama,
Mississippi, Indiana Illinois &c.