Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, W.T. [i.e. Wis.]) 1843-1844, 1844-08-17

Captains, but by them received little
or no attention.
In l775. as has been stated, the
warmth OF the waters of the stream
was first detected, but for political rea-
sons The discovery was not promulgat-
ed until 1890. Its immediate effect in
Navigation was to make the ports of
the North as accessible in winter as in
summer No part of the world afford
ed amore difficult or dangerous navi-
gatipn than the approach of our North
erpf coast, before this discovery
Thus had those acquainted with the
steam and this popularity of it, a
double advantage over navigations who
we're not 50 informed; for, in summer,
by avoiding its strong current, their
voyages were greatly shortened, and
in winter, by taking advantage Of its
genial temperature though theirvoyagc
might be somewhat heightened, the
dreadful storms common to our North
ern coast at that season were avoided.
The extent of the agency, which the
acccssibleness of the Northern ports in
winter, had in the filling off Of the d.
rect trade of the South, might afford,
to the political economist, subject for
curious and interesting speculation
Whatever that agency mighthave been,
certain is it, that after the PRONUNCIATION
Of the discovery in question, the direct
commerce Of the South with Europe
began to decline and that OF. the North
to increase. BY a reference to the
commercial statistics of the time it will
be seen that in 1869, the commerce Of
the two Carolinas equallcd that Of all
the New England State together; was
more than double than that Of New
York, and exceeded that of Pennsyl-
vania by one-third. In 1872 the ex-
ports from New York amounted TO two
and half millions; from Pennsylva-
MIA to SO, 900; and from Charleston
S. c., alone to nearly 81 600 600. But
in 1875, by which time the pecul:ari-
ties of the Gulf Stream began TO be I'M
derstood by navigators, and the passa-
ges from Europe to the Northern ports
10 be greatly shortened, while those to
the South remained the same, the Gus
toms collected at Philadelphia alone
Amounted TO nearly three millions, or
more than half of all collected in the
other States together!
The highest temperature of the Gulf
Stream is S6o, or about 90 above the
Ocean temperature due the latitude in
which it is found at this heat. In
creasing its latitude 100, it loses but 60
of temperature; and after having run
5000 miles toward the North, it still
preserves, even in winter, the heat Of
summer. The fogs of Newfoundland
owe their existance to the pre- sencc, in
that cold sea, of so large volume of
warm water as that brought by the
Gulf Stream. There it meets the ice
bergs of the North, laden with earthly
deposits, dissolvcs them, and thus con-
tributes to the formation of the banks
of ,hisregion. Sir Philip Books found
that while the air on each side of the
stream near the banks of newfoundland
was at the freezing point, the temper
ature Of the current was at So
The causes which give rise to the
phenomena ofthe Gulf Stream are as
yet yelled in obscurity. Every theory
yet suggested has been utterly cxplo-
ded, and il remains for some future
disciple of inducive philosophy to ac-
complish what Franklin, owing prob
ably TO the imperfect lights of the age,
found himself inadequate TO.
MAMMOTH CAVE or KENTUCKY
Twenty-six large avenues and third
river, larger than those previously
known, have recently been discovered
in the mammoth cave. A sulpher
spring of an excellent quality of water
has been found some miles within the
cave. Boats of admirable construction
have been built expressly for the riv-
ers, so that visitors DESTROYS Of taking a
water excursion a dozen or so miles
under ground, can be accommodated.
Large additions have been made to the
hotel, and from all accounts visit to
that greatest wonder of the world,
would be delightful in every respect.
The Queen of Madagascar not long
since administered poison TO 5000 OF
her subjects! She is an usurper.-