New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1844-10-19


number Of capitalists ruic the ccunDy-ln America
the workiuEmen, or TIE masses, govern Il
propose next 10 enquire nov iar the facts ~oicn
have inst been revewed calculated to AFFECT the
obligations al the government. aDd the rights and
dunes o: the people Of the United States. II Is
ruth OF u1iverssl application that enlarged cspa
cities and privileges CARY with them en!s!sec oou-
cations and responsibilities. we learn rom toss
sacred Volume, whose pages teach Us not only the
doctrines Of oar religion 5u, also the purest lessons
OF morality that from these 10 whom much 10 gwen,
much will be required | thiak therefore We may
safely assume that the superior po@crs and innu-
mites when ere eDoyed By the productive classes oil
the United States, impose upon them duties OF the
most solemn and ~eighiy character y" have seen
thsi ii Europe much the larger part OF the people
have no share IN thu administration Of the govern
neat Their onIv privilege is protection IRON no
ience and their only duty is ooedence 10 the coust-
rrftcd authorities. They practically, but part
oil the machinery OF the country, operated and gov
srned By tie viii Of Others. Bat in America the
Is widely different. Here their position ia tha,
OF sen;eat and responsible beings. They stand on
the same platform with the highest N Inc land =
The destiny Of The County is IN their hands Tie
sovereign power resides in them. The la~ is bui
the expression OF their will, and lis administrative
officers their agents. All our institutions, social and
political are but the reflected images OF ther genius
and character, How vast ere Inc responsibilities
which soriag from the exercise CT these more Than
imperial prerogat;vesi How sacred The duty TO
guard with more than vestal vigilance, the liberties
which have been transmitted 10 US by cur iilustIous
sres
proceed now to inquire more particularly how
far the obligations OF the Government are Affected
by the facts we have beer considering. Are The
duties of the People TO be enlarged, and those Oh
the Government TO remain the same humbiy
think not hold That wherever duty IS impose G
on the People, there s correle,ive night, or their
part, 10 all the means necessary for its perform
ance. And as cur Government has required ia
citizens 10 exercise the most important functions in
lis Administrations involving ahich degree of virtue
ard intelligence, IL IS bound BY ;he soundes con-
sidsrnicns Of justice AID morality to rse all lis
Constitutional power 10 render the People virtuous
and intelligent and 10 Keep them up 10 tie tsrel Of
our institutions
1t would be out OF place for me on this occasion
TO state in detail, my views OF the system of policy
best calculated 10 effect these objects i am now
dealing with general principles. But teere are two
great measures which seen 10 occupy such promi-
nent place in the list O! tie cut!es Of the Government,
and 10 be so ndspenssbiy necessary for the welfare
of the People, that cannot or6ear from giving them
passing nclice.-rhe frat - adequate Protection
10 American Industry; and the second, a liberal
system of popular Education.
There has been period in the history o. our
Country when should have been unwilling 10 DIG
cuss the question Of Protection before mixed as
senbly. But am happy 10 say that day has passed
by-I am now al liberty TO approach the subject as
one which belongs not 10 Party, but 10 tire Country
Ii is now an American question, and, win the ex-
ception Of small part OF the Southern DIVISION OF
the Union, it commands the appreciation and cordiii
support Of the American People In the eloquent
language OF your President, in opening the proceed
ings OF the Institute, the principle OF Protection 10
Domestic Industry Is destined TO be the centre OF q
great System around which the Political Parties oil
he Country will continue 10 revolve, long as our
Institutions shall last.
In the remark. which / propose TO submit Tor
your consideration this topic, do not intend 10
treat il a mere measure OF hnauce. or contner-
ciai recitation: but as II matter Of popnIIr rlgkfr
and yv references it's bearings on the moral, IN
Iellectuai and political condillon OF the country
These views o the subject, which, in my udsmeni,
are far more important than all Others, have been
too much neglected by our public men. Indeed, Il
disposition seems 10 have prevailed IN our National
councils, aud elsewhere, 10 degrade II irto mere
question Of dollars and cents. Ii will be my aim,
upop the present occasion, direct your thoughts
10 some rucler AID more comp.shs nslve views OF
his great subject.
When speak of the encouragement OF Domestic
Industry use the words il their broacest sisuii-
cation. ! do not con6ne myself 10 The adoption OF
met policy which will secure 10 labor an adequate
orcuniary reward. That will do much, bur still
more is necessary mean b. cncourag enIent, that
whole ,slcIn OF measures which is required 10
place labor upon lis proper level one oil The gTear
Elements OF National w-2lIh-to define It's rights
10 maintain lis dignity ard respectabi!ity-an give
10 puSic opinion proper direction IN regard 10 It.
The means OF accomplishing these ends, are as
various the objects are Important WISE legisia-
uon may DO muco, bur il csnno; do all thar is
cessary Your noble Institute, and kindred ascot
atoms throughout The land, destined 10 exert
most bensfceni Influence on the public sentiment oil
the country. Il is great and glorious cause, and
| am sure 1 need not admonish you 10 persevere IN
YOUR Efforts for It's advancement. Labor is the pa
rent of wealth. Without the labor OF cultivation,
the best gts OF Providence man would be OF CON-
psrativrly iitle value. Ii IS mans destiny. When
me father Of the human family YVES expelled IRON
Paradise, one part OF the sentence oil Punishment
was IL he sweat of thy face shalt thcu eat bread
till tbou return unto the ground" That Judgment,
pronounced upon him and MS pOsteri,, remains IN
iall force 20 the present dav. The structure oil the
frame, and The Constitution OF the miHG OF man. FUR
Gish III. strongest evidence that ne was formed Tor
labor And IL il sing ular proof OF the wisdom sad
benefcence OF the DIVINE economy, that Nations
and individuals are prosperous and happy II proper
lion 10 their obedience 10 THIS first Ia" OF their
mre. |; seems 10 be great compromising prnci.
ple By which the apparent Inequalities IN The cIs
;ribuuon OF temporal blessings nsy oe properly Ie-
gulaIec. Toll brings with II health and Cheerful
ness. Ii imparts to the humble iars OF the tailoring
man favor which the most suulPtuous repasi can
never possess far the INDECENT votary OF pleasure
His rough corch is visited By lighr ana refreshing
slpmbers, whilst the luxurious idier recllnss upon
MS bed of down, and vainly courts repose.
This principle is equally applicable 10 nations.
In the tropical regions where the fruits OF The eerth
spring up spontaneously, and supply the wants ~
nsn,withouI sn sJrt on ms parI. ehsmlnacy aud an
absence OF all The m3nly virtues are the almost nv.-
r!able couscq whilst in the less favored por-
hons OF the world, health vigo-, Intelligence, cour-
age. and al the nober Qualities Of our natJrs seem
TO flourish par OF tne product oil the labor re-
CURED 10 supply mans necessities.
still more striking Illus raiicn 0! this great truth
is found IN be different CONDITION OF the sumo coun-
try al different periods OF rs history. Span pre-
serts a remarkable example. Before the discovery
OF AInercs, Spsin ranked among the FIRST powers oil
Europe. Her citizens were Industrious snc happy
her a srcul,u1s rJanuiaciures and commerce were
IN prosperous condition. Ia rlHy respects she
vas in advance OF most of tbs rauons Of EUROPE,
in Lac great march OF cI-izancc-AGsIlca vas DIS
covered The mines Of Mexsco aud Peru poured
their rich trioutes INTO Der lap. E.F people oeesme
tiled with visions Ct ireIheusuhe wealth. he ms
taken idea prevailed thai the precious metals were
the substance instead oil ire representatives, OF true
wealth. The thirst o; gold seized upon Inc ranea-