The New York herald., 1844-08-29

smped by all IN reviewing the admonition OF the ciii
zens and the respect OF the world Since the preserva-
ton Of the sacred fire OF liberty and the destiny Of re
publican form of government justly considered as
deeply perhaps finally staed the experiment ntrused
ment Of Warrington, concur with all my heart be-
eve that have IN hands this pledge and that the
friends OF liberty throughout the world looking anx
iousy to see If preserve this great mode of 60
vernment, and hold up for the imitation OF mankind.
Gentlemen, this was the scene in which our government
commenced-these the in which it bsgan-scenes
that are in my judgement worthy OF Americans
worthy oil hberty-worthy OF everlasting renown.
feel the gales upon me blow
And temporary bliss bestow,
As fresh they spread their gladsome wings
Each watts the soul they seem to sooth,
And, redoient OF JOY am spring,
To breathe another youth. (Applause)
But now gentlemen that we have turned back to con.
template tho great frat assembage Of the chief mags.
trae and legislators under the Constitution the inquiry
Is, what Of administration did they adopt What
measures appear consistent with the Constuoni and
here wish put question at once, without further pre-
hminares remaras, and wiil put not only 10 the
wings assembled here, but any who may be- present
who partial to our opponensj VIII put II to him. TO
his Coincidence and iov truth, whether the great
sures which the OF that day set out with ind
determined TO carry out and did IN The hope OF benefit
ting the peope those which they commencing to-
dayl (Cries Of No. no) Did Washington begin BY de.
nying all OF fostering the labor and INDUSTRY OF the
United Satssl Did he begin by deny that Cong
had power the currency, to establish means
whereby to raise Tor the necessary expenses OF
or tna the Congress- as lar as the exgency
ot the case demands might un3ertake works OF I'm
pr0vemcnt absolutely necessary oI the facilities 0 com
mercel Did he, in short enter upon his administration
with the notion that alter all that had been done to make
united people, still remained power Of State
depreciation by which any one state might set up its
will in opposition to oil the rest, and divide the
government and the country pleasedi Now we know
that tha Standardization, IL had view any OF those OBJ
would defeated the object the union among
the people OF the different States would have united
instead tying the and agreement
No, tnere and duties conveyed to the
general government about which there IL not much dis
nsuta troltr
These very definite being Liable to great differ
ences Of opinion mistakes Then comes the other and
and commercs What does that mean On this part Of
the constitution there has sprung up ia day great
diversity OF opinion. 1t IL certain that when the constr
contradiction OF sentiment The power OF regulating
granted to Congress by the constitution Of the
United staes most assuredy understood embrace
all orms and regulations which belong to the several
Stats governments-to mean VII that Is implied in the
used in the laws and history Of modern nations
and 10 susceptible Of mathematical proof that the
OF discriminating in Cusomh0use duties Tor the purpose
Of protecting American interests was admitted not by
someby all high and low every where is included in
trade" introduced all our colonial history We
had had with England about trade long be-
fore about discriminating and prohbitory duties and II
60 back the treaties adopted in those cases.
examine the Language whenever assemblies Of the people
held to consult these TOPICS their ideas were held
up-that We cannot get on In cuitivaing the mechanic
arts prosper home manufactures unless government
have the power, and follow the policy protecting by ade
4uAte Outlcb American industry kApplduhe)
vert to two circumstances that occurred at the
organization OF the government " show you that this be-
ethe conviction OF what was the duty and which will
be the conduct OF the new IN all
places. The House oi Representatives, formed quorum
under this Constitution held its first session in the city Of
New York. on 18th May, 1859, by the choice OF its
Speaker and now gentlemen the House Of Representa-
ves being thus orgaaized what DO you imagine was the
first petition presented Ofthat am able TO inform
YOU lhod in my hand account taken from the jour-
nails Of the House A petition Of the tradesmen, manu-.
acurers and Others OF the town Of Baltimore State of
Mary land, whose therennto subscribed was
presented House and read stating certain maters
and praying for imposition Of such duties on all
foreign articles which may be made In America 80 as to
give just and decided to the abors Of the
oners and that there may granted to them in
with other manufactures and mechanics OF the Uni
ted States such reliet the wisdom Of Congress may
Congress, and II came from the capital Of Ma
~ land And now what do you suppose was
the second petition ? Why was a like retl-
town of Massachusetts,, that commonwealth now
scoted at and derded being narrow and selfish in its
viewsnot that Charlestown that burned and laid in
ashes foreign Toe the l7h Of 1885, but which
the formation Of native government sprung up again
like another Phenix with renovated and increased beauty
that Charlestown which skirts the base OF Bunker
Hill, but Chareston the refined and elegant city, the
pride OF South Carolina always distinguished for ts intel
and all the social char!eston
ions the Of Pickering and sumner and Lowndes
II from the bosom OF that city that this petition
nated and it from the shipwrgh Of that city pray
their employment against foreign competition. Here i;
the minute Of it: "A petition Of shipwrghts Of the
city OF Charleston s. Co. presented to the House and
rend stating distresses they under from the de
cline OF that branch Of business and praying that ths
wisdom and policy oft new legislature may be directed
to such Of general Of trade and pro
per navigation act may tend TO relieve the dstresses
petitioners, ana IN common with those Of their fel
low citizens throughout the United States" (Cheers
Wsll gentlemen where did the next petition this
subject come from What people, or city commu
nifty Whose inhabitants follows this upthis petition
and e.rnito J;rotio Enp ars1
1t the mechanics and manufacturers oi
that city, now the great commercial emporium Of the
gentlemen in what manner they present themselves
to what they CALL and publicly CALL the government
and what hopes arc publicly inspired in their bosoms
from the knowledge OF the fact that their govern
ment bestowed those powers Of protection OF mechan
cal abors whose exercise they mplore. petition OF
manufacturers and mechanics Of the city Of New York
whose names thereunto subscribed printed and
read setting forth that in the present dep0rabe Of
trade and manufactures they look with confidence the
subjonng such articles can be manufac.
tured in the city of humby claim the atten-
ton Of the Legislature thereto And yet, gentlemen,
In that great and noble city which has gone ahead Of all
competition which sefto the great
est yof heAmercan continent in commerce
and 'successfuL manufactures there today persons
in that very city, from whence proceeded this petition
7S9 who deny all power Congress to egsate for the
relief Of their fellow citizens Lamentable in my judg
ment this great departure will not say from what
cause, but know it exss-from first principles Now,
gentlemen ask you again. how were those petitions for
protection treated 7 Did Congress deny the power
to comply, and say :" We cannot relieve or protect
you, unless it. be incdentallyn7 (Laughter) Did
they say we have only revenue power, tnat
is to say can take much money out Of their pock.
eta, but God forbid should answer the people, r.
Qaughter) Did they say in answer TO those petitions,
every one is TO look to this free land and
lighensd age every Is to to their interests
Far from it, We oil know that the very first Congress
secured the navigation OF the United States to her
people there Is not only preference shown,
but the whole country trade made complete monopoly
to the exclusion OF strangers LOOK at this question.
The coasing trade Is very important portion Of our
commerce. Why do not let in the Dane the Russian
people TO DO ito transport our oommodi les from
trade, keep At the impartial, and say TO ship owner
shipwight OF the United Slaes You have no right
to he protected TO carry the trade OF this country
than other people" But II protected and now
gentlemen. occupies than half the tonnage OF the
whole shipping Of the country, and may II ever be
(Applsuse Well how did Congress treat the Baltimore
petition They yielded to the very first act Of Con-
gress adjusting trade protection and securing 10
the mechanics rights the protection they claimed Now,
gentlemen. know am wearying you with this detail,