The North-Carolina standard., 1844-05-01

natl, and New Orleans, Boston, New York, Balti-
more, and Philadelphia. The city which will
derive the greatest advantage, in proportion to her
population, undoubtedly will be Pittsburg, not
only from the wonderful extent and variety of her
manufactures, but also from her position. The
same steamboat, constructed by her skiiful work
men, which starts from Pittsburg at the head of
the Ohio, freighted with her manufacturers, can
ascend the Red river for many hundred miles, into
one of the most fertile regions of Texas. and re-
turn to the iron city with cargo of cotton there
| to be manufactured for sale in Texas, and other
sections of the Union The steamboats, of Pitts
burg, Also can descend the Mississippi to the gulf
and, coasting along its shores to Galveston, Mata-
gorda, and the other ports of Texas, there dispose
of their cargoes of manufactures, and bring back
the cotton and sugar of Texas, and also the gold
and silver, which will be furnished by her mines
in great abundance whenever they are worked
with sufficient skill and capital. Pittsburg is a
great GceStern city; and whether she shall soon
be the greatest manufacturing city of the world
depends upon the markets of the west, and espe-
cially on the market of Texas-whch, we have
seen, can alone be secured by remuneration, and,
without it, must be lost forever. And shall Pitts
burg complain that new States are to be added in
the West? Why, the new States of the West
have made Pittsburg all that she is, and all that
she ever will be; and each addition to their num-
Der will only still more rapidly augment her
markets, her business her erwealth. and population.
Nor can Plttsburg advance without the cores
pondent improvement of Philadelphia, and of all
the great interior CT Pennsylvania, throughout
the whole line of internal communication that
binds together the two great cities of the Kew
stone State. While it is true that New England
and the middle and northwestern States will de-
rive the greatest profit directly from the reannexa
tlon of Texas, the South and Southwest, from the
a II Of or,I of tIo
North-produced, not by restrictions on the South
and Southwest, but in reciprocal free trade with
Texas and all the States-will then also find in
New England, and in the middle and northwes
tern States larger and more able purchaser, and
more extensive and better markets for all their ex
ports. Indeed, so great will be the mutual bene-
fits from this measure, that do not hesitate to re-
cord the opinion that In ten years succeeding the
remuneration, with just and fair Legislation, there
will be more American cotton then manufacture
ed IN this Union than now IS, or than will be, in
England and we shall begin to look to the pri
ces current of our cities to regulate the mark
ct, and not to England to raise depTess, at her
pleasure, the value of the great American staplo
The North wants more markets at home for the
products OF her industry, and attempts to secure
those of the South and Southwest by the tariff;
while they complain that this most certainly de-
presses the price of their great staple and as sure
ly dcprlVes them Of the means of purchasing the
products and manufactures of the North But
upon grounds undisputed by the friends or oppon-
ents of tariff, Texas must furnish, as part of
the Union, in any event. vast market for many
of its products, upon the principle of reciprocal
free trade among the Slates-that great principle
which led to the adoption of the constitution and
which has done more than all other causes COM
bined to advance our interest
Upon the rejection Of remuneration, it will be
utterly impossible to prevent the smuggling Of
British and foreign gods, to all almost incalculabe
extent through Texas into the Union thus not on
ly depriving our manufacturers of the markets of
Texas but also of the markets of the whole valley
of the West. This dificlty is already experience
ed to small extent in Canada, although we have
mostly dense population upon our side, and To-
Gated in region of the north, generally highly
favorable to the tariff, and deeply interested, as
they suppose, in detecting and preventing snug
Cling But the difficulty in Texas will be far
greater. There, the line of division u.s. first the
Sabine-a very narrow stream, far different from
the lakes of the North, and the great ST. Law
rence-as boundary and from the Sabine, for
a long distance, mere geographical line to the
Red river, along that stream for many hundred
miles, and then another long geographical line to
the Arkansas, and thence many hundred miles
along that stream to its source, and thence to ati
tude AZ. Here is boundary of fifteen hundred
miles, and very large portion of it mere geo.
graphical lines, running through the very centre
of the great valley of the Mississippi. Could an
army of revenue officers, even if all were honest
and above temptation, guard such distance, and
such frontier, against the smuggler, and that too
in the midst of population on both sides deeply
hostile to the tariff; many Of them regarding it
as unconstitutional, and therefore that it is righ
in their judgment, to evade its operation These
difficulties were foreseen by MIR. Van Buren,, and
constitute strong argument, urged by him in his
despatch of 1926, in favor of the remuneration of
Texas. He there urges the difficulty of establish
ing proper custom-house at the mouth of the Sa-
bne, without which, he says, even in that direction
Kit is impossible to prevent that frontier from be-
coming the seat of an EXTENSIVE SYSTEM
SMUGGLING" 1t is true, that custom-housc on
our side of the Sabine and with numerous and
faithful officers, might diminish smuggling in that
direction but as by the treaty, IN force sOitb
| TexaS all vessels entering Texas through the Sa-
bine, must pass unmoested, and land their cargoes
at anv point on the Sabine, could smuggling be
prevented in that direction2
But if smuggling could be prevented through
the Sabine, there is the harbor of Galveston, en-
tirely in Texas, and with depth equal to that at
the mouth of the Mississippi and there is the
river Trinity (emptying into that harbor) also en-
tirely in Texas and navga5le to point not far from
Rad river, within the boundaries of Texas; and
up and through these streams into Arkansas and
Louisiana, and the valley of the West, it would
| klak