Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1844-11-07
HINTS TO FARMERS.


We have peroscd with much interest The Address of
Gen, James Tallmadse. before the late Agricultural
Convention at New York. The whue address IA de
serving of Tho most serious attention ii all cuvntos
oi the soil and all who Interested In the success
OF this most important branch of the couarys prosper
lily. Tho following extracts are submitted 10 The
consideration oil those pesne who assert That protection
ia not necessary and beneficial the agriculmrass,
that the present taI,I dues not afford that proIoc-
ton:
I'VE hear of free trade Free trade doctrne, rs the
world now Is is u mere bubble blown In hurst. leaving
no traces behind No. gentlemen 1here Is 40 free
trade. There is indeed scientific farming. But who
ever heard of free Turning In agriculture he man
who should dare to proclaim over the country free frD>
ing with fences, would acquire the character OF
insanity iinnt that OF idioey.
The honest aud noble farmer Of The interior has been
deuded by this airy bubble. lie has been led to think
that there should he that there does exist great
moral quality. This IL pure delusion Fec trade can
mol erisi noper did erisi
'l Is time, gentlemen, thai The farmers Of He
Unted States ftH f0niig II other natinna will
not give us mulnalty, lei US have hume trade Let
us take of ourselves Our turner ,arn gave us
fifteen per cont ad valorem-a protection of aud n
hall. two. ar three cou,s per hushe Tor wheat Tie
act uf 1872 gives US twenty five cents bushel prolee,
ton."
Gen. 7 then shows that without this protection our
home market would be- entirely destroyed and that the
Atlantic cities would be supplied with bread cheaper
from abroad Than they could be imm the interior OF
oan country. lilo calculates The expenses Of conveying
wheat from Michigan, any place on the Lakes. 10
New York at twenty nine aud thfee.quarter cents per
bushel other expenses would reduce the amount
I'D by the arner 10 thirty cents per bnshel.--
Wheat he eavs may he impaired FROM Bremen To- New
York NJ from 10 ten cents bushe and from the
ports OF the Mediterranean at from seven 10 ten CENTS
bushe Thus the tar OF 1873 Is necessary 10 secure 10
tine mcrean farmer lhe market VI the cities on our
own seahoarll
In $3.50 and ~ large quantities Of barley aud rye
were imported at Albany and other towns Oh tho lind
sun, the rner costing ahyhve cons the bushel. the
latter sixty three. The market pnee IN the United
States was al that tme barley ono dollar bushcl,
rye one dollar and twenty five centa. moro convln
cling proof OF the necessity Of The present ari egula
lions could not be adduced.
The following passages in Gen Tallmadge's address
are highly interesting and contain much valuable nior
nation:
About 1910 Cir. al Britain began 10 make books on
Political Economy every oun of them protection zap 10
The hub accompanied with sir sencn criminal
tnrs enacted 10 enforce The latcs q projections Chld
wrote in 1870, See IN 1880, Canlon III II 40. hdtEsv
! in l7G0. Al the must distinguished writers IN Eng land
On Political Economy, used the strongest lnngnuee IN
favor Of protection OF domestic industry, They tc3oie
/ for he Government. Gee Is nearly out Of rfinl--so
nnca that perhaps pusseas the only copy among us
| This hook ia entitled THE Trade md Navigation OF
Great Britain consldored' "shoeig that The Hrcsi cdy
for nation 10 increase riches, Is 10 prcrep The i'm
poriaon Of such foreign commodities may be raised
al home, thai Ms kngdom is capable Of rdisng cniil
hset and lis colonies materials for employing al The
poor IN those manu- iact,peS which zoe noc import from
such NJ our Reghbo,s rho rffine The admission q our
orn" Gee states that his bDok was written "by ofdr
of lie lords n hHdc" II printed not 10 publish H.
hut put few Of them into the hands OF some OF the
ministers of STATE and other great men lie had IN
derstoad By great persons ihnt DISCOURSE upon
trade would be very acceptable to the kmg," such
was uniform and yet uUyarying doctrine Of OF the
Government of Great Brlan. for one hundred years be-
fore our Revolution. When that great event was rapid
~ approaching, aud when Holland and FLANDERS were
supplanled aud England standing pre- eminent IN
commerce. ol the book of SIR James Stewart makes It's
appearance book essentially teaching the then new
born doctrine OF free trade This book was published II
l769 At length in due time Adam Smith appears.
His hook printed IN l775 aud the beginning Of 76
The first edition Of his work cannot be found among
For one hundred years before our Revolution high
toned protection 10 home industry was enacted aud EN-
forced by the severesl leudal laws. Selling sheep o
Iexpurng fleece Of wool. was punshed-i1r the frs
offence by forfeiture of goods. his hand be cut Oh aud
mailed mp IN market Town; and for second offence
suffer death. This last escaped The notice al British
Legislators. and yet remains unrepeaod although
cuted. To enilee an arIcor or any manufacturer IL
leave Great Britain practice teach his trade.
punished with penalties more severe than those pro-
yied naanat cniicng slave from Southern States
while the arlfcer forfeited his estate, declared alien
and incapable TO take property by Descent gilt or 9th
erwlse
was the work of paftlzan and pensoned writer of The
British GuveTnmont2 The right of taxation without
representation and thai hobndil should be
manufaelnred ia America ihe declared principles
oIthe Government. This was the foundation and cor
ner stone Of the American Revolution. The seed 81
Great irilan's old Political Economy was deeply plant
cd with U.S. and anong the nations Of The earth. Sht
l-ngh doctrine to MS and pracsed another Tor her
self And set this book Ia the oracle put fnrward
smoothly TO wipe It all away. Having failed by arms
To gain our commerce and prevent manufacturing,
it Is now endeavong by this book OF Adam SMITH and
The writings Of The miserable herd Uf Government
taners who have succeeded him in dictionaries. maya.
aznes, pamphlets, reviews and newspapers, 10 ndnct
open country 10 her free trade; while Instead o
receiving productions in payment, she meets them
with prohibition by average duty Of $50 per cent. on
all our articles except cottCu.
81 firmly believe hat you now furnished with a
key to unlock the secrets Of Adam Smith book. That
bo is not, however, wild IN principle. The theory Is
beautiful 1t contains much useful Information p1nts
not affecting The Colonies. To prevent being msunder
stood, he expressly says. 1T would be absurd
pec tn see sy stem ai unlimited free trade adopted in
Great Britain as Ia expect that OcEASA or UToPi,
should ever be established in it,
.'lionesl Joshua Gee gives you the true light say
with him, che surcst way tor milton 10 increase il
riches is to prcyfa. .ha importation of such foreign com
modiiics Is may be raised at home
"What is now our commercial condiiion7 Per
nit to state from authentic documents few matters
Of fact,
TABLE.
Total rapport Of articles. The gro,ch or produce chc
United States, 10 England Scotland, and Ireland
,eiM the duties paid thereon during the gears 1888
+ 1889 and Is4g.