The northern galaxy. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1844-1848, 1844-06-05

Gentlemen are Frequently attacked by it,ihee
sicken, they suffer. In the words of the law,
they anguish and languishingly do live, bu,
die never. In the long rows of our departed
predecessors, in yonder cemciry, you find Ike
monuments Of those who have fallen a prev
to death in ali lis varied shapes. Cont, apo-
plexy, consumption, fever, and even the hand
Of violence, each hath had its victims, but
constitutional seruples, none. For such Il
disorder ii would seem superfuous to pre-
scribe. Besides, the very UiS medicdtT;r o.
nature sometimes originates milder forms Of
disease,by whose action the prescant humOrs
fthe system are carried of, aud dangerous
organic or Chronic complaints arc prevented
or healed. Who knows but this corstitu-
tiOnal malady may serve some like porhy-
tactic or indicative purpose in our political
| system These scruples are often of excel
lent use, by way of apology for voting with
our party, and against the plainest rea-
sons of general good, or the interests Of cur
own constituents. Moreover, in debate, thev
are good tub for the whale, and serve in a
party seige TO divert the attack from the weak
er points, the salient angles, Of the fortress.
1t would therefore be hardly fair, were il prac-
a retreat when pressed by arguments which
they are unable to answer.
But however serious gentlemen may &c in
insisting on constitutional objections. it can
hardly be expected that the country will Row
abandon as unconstitutional system sane
toned by the trainers of the Constitution in
the Congress Of 1850, and approved by every
President. from Washington down TO the in
mortal successor Of his wn''illuslrious vrSde-
cessOr," who has been, and is on both Sides
fcvery supposable question but twO-;lie
abolition of slavery in this District. namciv,
and the expectancy Of the selection Ci Ger
tain favOrlte son, a certain northern man with
southern principles, who shall at present be
nameless, as the next Democratic candidate
! for the Presidency. On the former Of these
POINTS believe he is committed: and ! raih-
er think there are gentlemen hereahcuts, Who,
if they saw good cause, could tell how and
why he became so. AstOthe other question.
] have never understood that he entertained
any hesitation, unless it may be friain2
doubt, whether the people. upon "sober see
ond thought" would confirm the nomination
which the convention ought to make: and
whether they would not, under the influence of
ancient prejudice or new delusion, reject the
cashiercd pilot who asks to be reinsiated, and
prefer rather more experienced end trusiy
helmsman.
There are certain kinds and branches &C
industry which as all men agree, lawlul'y may
be, and as matter Of exPediency ought to
be, projected. You secure TO The auihoy lie
| copy-wright in the coinage o. his brain. ant
you guarantee 10 the inventor of ncw rro-
! cess, or machine, the exclusive right to his
invention against every competitor, vheih r
native or foreign. Here is protection. in h.
odious form Of an absolute n,or OF ":
yet no man questions its justice or IS
expediency. | am well aware that, in the
case Of the celebrated cotton gin, southern
chivalry thought fit practically TO nuify the
patent law, and to deny to the meritons in
ventOr all substantial reward for his valuable
machine; but in general the policy Of the law
is approved.
mir HoLNrs here interposed, ard ohscry-
cd, that South Carolina had purchased the
right to the cotton gin. And Mr. RuETr a,!-
ded, that the same State had afterwards made
a voluntary grant OF $4,000 to the inventor.
1t was also suggested that North Carolina had
acquired the right for the use Of her citZ rs
by fair purchase.)
Protection has, as have before remarked,
already done its work for the great staple Of
the south; and no man familiar with the his
tory of manufactures, and particularly OF me
chanical invention, can doubt that legislative
protection has been the indispensable cOndi-
ton of the great prosperity and extended
amount of the cotton trade. The encourage
meni early afforded to the growth and work
ing of cotton induced investments in this
branch of manufacture, and it soon attained
a considerable degree Of importance. TIE
mechanical ingenuity Of this country and Of
England, now began TO exert a reciprocal
influence. The admirable construction 81
our machinery, copied and improved frlm
that Of England, and the advantages cuiGyed
by our manufacturers in the abundance ard
cheapness OF water power, compelled the En-
glish to improve their spinning and weaving
apparatus. This improvement reacted uron
us, and, in like manner, led to new contrirai,-
ces; the whole process Of converting cotton
into cloths has been more than once com
pletely revolutionized. The consequence
has been vastly facilitated and chcapcncd
production Of Gotten goods, and of course
proportonaly increased Use Of them. Cot
ton has, TO great extent, supplanied linen.
which is more costly Of production. and far
less capable deterioration by mac hnery.--
Cottons have also been largely substituted
for woolens, in the shape of cotton GannclS.
woven with linen, with silk, with wool with
the fleece of the cashmere goat, and in fsot
with every textile substance. Cotton is used
in vast quantities for batting and padding, Ter
canvass, and innumerable other purposes, TO
which none thought of applying it until it'll
in the last few years. Hence there is a de
mand for this product almos: without Limit.
and the planter both buys cheaper the manu-
factured article ard sells vastly increased
quantity ofthe raw material.
Such are the effects Of protection; and
cannot forbear to notice in this connection a
remarkable instance Of the independence be-
tween different branches of industry, and Of
the unforeseen collateral benefits which flow
from this emineuily wise and paternal system.
The enlarged consumption, and wear Of cot
ton goods, has propoTtionally increased tie
supply of rags for the paper maker, and the
raw material for the most important Of an
manulactures-the handmade Of that art which
is the conservator Of allart and all knowledge
lis furnished in inexhsustable abundance,