The New York herald., 1844-12-23

egners for the occasion" The Herald explains it
!" Thus at last have the democracy had mighty
triumph-but their victory arises as much from the
folly OF their opponents, as from their own merits
and exertions. The leading Wings in Congress,
out OF spite to the south, agtated abstract ques
ton tor years pasta question which has resulted
IN the organization OF the abolition party IN the
free States and this party, assisted by Mr. Clay Is
own friends, have destroyed all his chance Of sue
cess. The American Republicans, recently organ
lzed here and elsewhere, came 10 his rescue at
the eleventh hour, but 1t was too late 10 save
him."
From the London Morning Chrcnicle.]
The abolition tendencies of the Wings alarmed
them more than the antl-tarff leanings Of their
opponents and the result was, the preference OF
Polk by majority of 5000. l his was a terrible
damper, and had its effect upon the alimportant
election Of New York, which state returns nearly
0ne-seventh OF the number of delegates. In vain
did tidlpgs arrive that the state Of Ohio, which
the third In importance, had triumphanty returned
Whig delegates, with great increase OF votes In
New York city Clay had indeed respectable
majority but in the western districts the Loco
Foco interest prevailed, and carried every thing
before 1t. Ii is said, that whilst the ami abolition
slavery, the abolitionisls Of New York opposed him
also as but lukewarm in the cause. Certain letters
OF his, indeed, betrayed wavering on the subject
Of Texas. The election Of Virginia, and OF course
and the result is his certain election. Throughout
the struggle it is to be remarked how much more
united and able the men and the interests of the
south have shown themselves than the men and
interests Of the north. In the slave holding states
there Is no hesitation, no division, no splitting Of
hairs and dispersion into parties. All vote one
man for the principle which is by them cherished
above all others In the middle state, the support
ers at once of Democracy and slavery showed
more address, if the Wings displayed better oratory
The. partizans Of Mr. Polk fully succeeded in per-
suading the manufacturers OF Pennsylvania that he
was sufficiently staunch prohlbitionist. In New
York, on the contrary, where lay the true strength
OF the Wings, we see that strength frlttered away
and ncutrased. The native Americans had dis.
gusted the Irish party, whilst the too prudent de-
aunclaton OF Texas annexation offended the
stlcklers tor national spirit and national glory, who
in the north cry out for conquests, even although
that conquest should but increase the slave. holding
states OF the south Although the election Of Polk
cannot but be favourable to the resuscltatlon oil
principles of tree trade in America, nevertheless ss
this is c0unterbaanced by other and great disad-
vantages He has succeeded, in great measure,
by the cry OF Texas annexation. Now that he has
succeeded, he cannot play Peel-he cannot prove
inconsistent and ungratetul and he will find in
Mr. Calhoun ready and an able ministerial
instrument.
But atlhe same time the movements of Mr.. Polk
unless neshould turn very superior man, will be
very much hampered by the divergent views Of the
different fractions OF the party which has elected
Of the measures expected of him-the annexation
the repeal Of the tariff Should this be the case,
It will not be the first time that President OF the
United States has sturned out the very contrary Of
what those who voted tor him expected.
[From the London Spectator
There is nothing surprising in the result Of the
Presidential election in the United States Il Il
rerely repetition OF what has happened at every
election since 1900 The democratic mass has ob.
aimed another victory over the Doctrinares Of Anne
uca~ Since the recognition Of American indeprn
dence in Great Britain, there has Away,
oeen Doctrinare party IN the union; il
has been almost hereditary party. Ham.
lton was in manner its founder; the two
Adamses have been its principal ornaments
Il has enrolled under its banners decided majori-
ty OF the public men Of the union, who, born to d
competency, have enjoyed systematic education
and opportunities OF culuvatIng refined tastes Il
has been an intelligent and on the whole an honor
able party-rather sceptIcal, the natural tendency
Of men Of the world, as to the perfectibity OF mai
or the wisdom and virtue OF the masses-with o
good deal OF knowledge, great deal oil iastidious
ness, and not little pedantry. This party has from
its character been more powerful in coteries than
with the public. II has had too much faith in alb
siractions and precedents TO know and control &C.
ual circumstances its little airs Of superior refine.
ment and learning have allenated and disgusteo
the great body Of electors. II has called itself fed.
eralists at time and whig at another; but il has
still been the same unchanged and unchanged biz
party, the counterpart Of the Gironde or the Doc
rlnaires Of France-.of the "Liberal Wings" 0,
"the Educated Radicals Of England.
Opposed to this party Of men made by schools
and colleges, has always been the great democra
tic mass, which feels rather than thinks which
needs men-ledders as the exponents and visible
symbols OF principles. When the Union has hat
a statesman OF commanding character this sen
tient body has been guided by his will. So was il
in the times of Jefferson, 0f Madison, of Monroe
When such master-mind was not to be had, the
democracy has been split into sectarian worship
pers of number Of local leaders-provincial grea
men. But even when the mass has been thus
taken at disadvantage, the Doctrinares have
rarely il ever been able TO make good use Of It,
Somehow or other the bellwethers of the flock
have agreed TO cede their claims in favor Of one
of their number; or their followers have been in
duced to desert them for time in favor of some
man Of straw, till that moment unheard Of The
democratic macs is the field which Yields har.
nares are too sensible to be used by them, and toe
superclious to thenr and the political traders
by appealing to the public sentiment Of the mo
ment, carry the day
most careful education and best opportunities o.
self.tuiton cannot compensate for the want of the
yirida uis, which enables men 10 command thei
fellows; that this inborn force is of comparatively
little value without education; and that where mer
born and bred to command are not 10 be had
people will put up with any block rather than take
an artificial imitation of them. Jefferson, Madi
son, and Monroe, and even Washington, were b,
circumstances and education Of the same class a.
the Doctrinalres; but they had a natural powe
within them, wanting which all the accomplish
ments Of the latter have not been sufficient to en-
able them to take the lead. Jackson was oi tn,
million; he had the native energy, but wanted tn,
nental cultivation, so that his public career ha,
been neither useful nor ornamental And the
histories Of Van Buren and Tyler afford nothing
more than exempIIhcatioDs OF the kind Of block,
that the million will fall down and worship rahel
than desert the idolatry of its own will.
From the London Examiner
It is made reproach in freedom, that it states
where il 10 developed, and where sovereignty OF
ministerial power 10 elective mediocrity ia as smuct
enabled TO dominate and prevail over real talent
as in states OF monarchic and srstocratic Ins,itu
tions. There are other modes, however, Of ac
counting for the examples from which the conclu
sion is drawn, than by supposing that the people
themselves always prefer the mediocre TO the supe
rior, or the empty TO the full head. In all grea
liberal parties opinions there are necessarily rac
tions and divergent interests. II, in order to the
success Of the liberal party In general all are OBJ
liged TO unite, and unite by compromise, it be
comes impossible or difficult that the leading mer
Of any faction can be accepted as the represen
tative by the other. All that is LETT, therefore, il
.g n