New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1844-02-23
Asr;cultural-Usefu l to Farmers-NeetinS
Of The Farmers Club.
American INSTITUTE. Feb.


compost manures made of weeds, straw, stable
manure, swamp.muck, night sod, lime, common
salt, ashes, burnt clay, dust, leaves, &c
These may be obtained by any farmer, and should
be made available by them.
Mr.. Fleet considered this subject of the great
est Importance; he thought the substances of
manures, or composts, to be much neglected, if
not wasted by farmers, and that, al least, one
fourth part of the manures commonly used are
OF no practical utility in consequence of the
improper manner in which they were prepared
Lime in very many cases was useless owing to
the want of information as to its proper applica-
ton. Lime could be obtained in abundance in
this City, upon the North River, and through
out the State. Bones, SO valuable for their phos.
pilates, as manures, in addition to their lime,
could be found ground, both in the city and vi.
clnlty. There were also extensive manufacto-
RES Of chemical salts within the city and neigh
borhood, at which farmers might procure those
known to be of the greatest value to soils
Col. CLARK said that bone manure beside its
lime, is Of signal service, on account of both
It's salts and giutin. The latter undergoes de-
composition and thereby permits the phosphate
of lime to act most favoraby in supplying plants
with requisite nutriment. There was another
source, said he of the salts Importance in yege-
tation and this is in the soil beneath barns
Nitraes of potash and ammonaa there commonly found
and taken thncer 70 IN the Suphate e ammonia
is much use' lime is the chief substance ad
piled 10 soils
Or. Stephens sal d, that in order to test satisfac
orly he Of the of the soil should be first
sceraned and done only byits chemical analysis The
and composition vegetables also necessary
known in order TO learn the nature of the required
But preliminary STEP wasnecessay the soil should
be submitted 10 analytical examination In Scotland TOR
OF soil forwarded chemists and Analysed al the
expense Of only three dollars and this practice should
be followed By the gentlemen OF The Club they wished
ma Ike their soils available Dr. S suggested that the
Club should engage two chemists FOR the analysis
soils that committees should be appointed for this pur
pose 10 the nature and requirements Of particular
kinds Of soil, for the purposes ofvegetaron.
DR.. Field said that he had found cheap and
efficient the muck mud which he had placed
his soil and to which he had added lime He had thrown
tons into his order compo and
this he had found very valuable. Muck placed SOIL
becomes lrlyerized By exposure and mixed with lime, it
i
trees had been made very thrifty by it. He intends
potash with the muck thus used and charcoal
He thought the component parts of composs well under
stood by farmers and that they sufficiently careful
ard apply refuse substances their farms and those
from the house and barn. In Europe he said supuric
acid used 18th much advantage the preparation of ma
nures.
Mr.. Stephens said this muck or mud was used
on Long Island places with great advantage
bua,o will the chemical salts. and also with charcoal
which he considered essentially important
DR.. Fieid said the most important arrangement
he had Cor the preparation of compost draining
pgpens The liquid manure conducted in uoushs the
ceapo, heaps He hoped the Club would adopt the sugge
made by Dr. StspheGs he Tor would willingly
tribute the objects contemplated BY the analysis of the soils
Mr. Cummings said he had made free use of
charcoal his soil and with the ha?pest fleets; he had pro-
vousy SUBSIDIZED his land and found advantage,
ciay towards the last c the He thought the Club
would do essential service the farmers b. appointing
Committee for the analysis Of soils that the effects OF
nures and the requirements of soils might be clearly known
Mr.. Smith said we ought to partlcuiarlZe where
we are the practice of jeurnalizug and rice
We should know why Wheat Tor example would not
high place another when perhaps siitcia
carbon might be- Tor ought know in due equal proper
and should kaow why this and other plants take up
ore kind of Substance and not another.
Mr.. - fully concurred in the views offer
ed or generality bat he had NOT found the addition
of lime 10 muck particularly Vandbls ne nad however seen
It's importance when added truck suggested by Dr.
Field.
Mr.. STEPHENS sad little was yet known as TO
the virtue of mauures He thought Mr. Johnstons woik had
gwen the the analysis of soils and the
application of Many. England, had proposed
report the een effects of similar deren, kinds
of SOIL different sections of country conformity with
this author Perhaps manure after ALL better than that
from the baIyad The application of salts should be we'll
undersood but unfortunately they not so by
farmers generally He thought analysis OF the OIL should
first be made when the application OF aEuIes would be rac
tcaly useful under I'll circumstances. Let experiments be
ed on different soils and the results made known and
LEI such be made with different kinds OF vegeta
bes-pot2toes for example The necessity OF an analysis OF
soils is illustrated by the different effects OF manures podnc
ed on fruits different places vel! also as on vegetables
He thought the gentlemen Of the Club should al once submit
SAMPLES of their soil for ansy ss by Dr.. Gardner.
Mr. Minor said that II was common practlce
OF our citizens throw away cast ino the ri'e IN COM
oliance City law, the most valuable materials as ma
nu1.s known 10 the amer Thus 30 900 cart loads OF Eight
soil ee annually into rivers yet every load OF THIS
was worth ST. penalty Of SIS wa imposed on any
sop or persons dIsobsyns this law 1900 bushels Of Poua
te are annually sent this CITY TO e Southern States
while Ia this vicinity using comparatively little OF
IT. He possession OF Important Testimonials In feseto
70 rs efficacy The practice also OF Casting otes INTO our
ves w.s EQUALLY 1eprehersib; FOR ths', and especially
bo. of slaughter houses OF the greatest importance as
manure for the farmer There materials oil this KIND an
nuaily h:o away sufficient 10 manure 2eeoo acres OF isc
Reside this AN immense saving citizens would be real
izsd in dredging If these were used as manure
Mr.. Pike said that the cost OF removing ma
nprss was osntimes more than It's value on the SOIL ms
would accom-. Tor the reason why farmers Iot MAKE
more use Of IL As TO muck he had red with he sue
cess and otea TO the destruction OF his vegetable crops II
should be allowed 10 remain heaps three years and men
mixed with farm yard manure
Mr.. Minor said that Poudrette might be usea
hot The lsas, offensive smell with the greatest sd-
y,nra-e He was willing show farmers DC" 10 prepare
and use II.
COL Clark said that free sulphurc acid was
fuI b. the chemical decomposition which ensued- NE
~ found The application OF dust be eE,nenty use
~. slarEhrrr.