The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1844-03-18
TWENTY-EIGHTH CONGREuS.
FIRST ssIoN.

sure you tina, the Tsras question looks sq~aiiy.
TWENTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS.
FIRST SESSION
U. =. states
WASHINGTON, Tuesday, March II
Mr.. Bnchanans Speech on the Oregon Q~ssf,c~
Mr. BUCHANAN, after a lew preliminary remarks,
relative to his unwlllingness TO take up the time OF
the Senate, referred to the negotiations that had
already taken place between the two countles--ih~
| treaty by which the Joint occupancy was agreed
upon, and the renewal Of this treaty in ls2l The
question now is, "Shal we now, by passing this re-
solution before the Senate, advise the President 10
annul this treatyT If IL is annuled, both parties
will be restored to their original rights The boun-
dairy OF Mexico Is limited TO AZ north; Russia TO
81 degrees 40 minutes north latitude; and the coun-
try In dispute lies between these two points. And
to every part OF this territory title Is clear and
conclusive title; and when the bill for forming Terrific
rial Government for Oregon comes up intend TO pre-
sent such chain ofevdence, to title the whole
oft to this Senate be ganssy Cd by any power
on earth But the title is not in dispute; . tow
of my has clearly proved our title 10 it, iar Brown
and MIR Greenhows book, far have seem exhsusts
the subject The question ought give this
nes' Ss, the Joint occupancy Of Oregon cease
1t Is indispensable that should give this notice The
statue IN qo Is too favorable to England or her give up
what she has got She has had exclusive possession
twenty five years She hsss leased out 10 the Hudson
Bay Company and they boast that they have expelled
the Americans from Oregon and is that they
have murdered 400 or 500 Americans either themselves
or through the agency of indians employed by them
ritory with u.s. She has full possession to the
whole Of it And no doubt il could go the cab
net of Mr. Pakenham should find that his instructions
delay the question as long delay inde.
fnitey II possioewe the entire hunting and trap.
ping over the whole Of it, and you keep back the
settlement for 30 years, much the better And nv life
for it, there will be treaty all this resolution laid
ton lay table prevail and there will be no treaty
at ALL whatever may be the instructions of Mr. Pakenham
We owe il to ourselves to make this serious matter 70
show determined front in this business-not to
threats because threats will have on that power
full nation. But when she that in earnest
this matter then and not till then will she show DISPOSE
ton to settle the matter. For is not by conciliating her
that we shall obtain justice And five do give Great
Britain this noticewe shall then have whole year
tie the matter in. But IT, because minister has arrived
from England mot special MINISTRY arrest all our
proceedings this subject and lay this whole
subject the table then treaty will be impossible And
to arrest all legislative action merely this account
would be to show mseraby spirit that would in.
duce England to believe that she could obtain all that she
desires hope this will not be done by an American Be-
nate.
Mr. then introduced the subject of the late
treaty with Lord Ashburton, and went on to say-We
have been accused of capousness, because we found
fault with that treaty. and told that we ought to rely i'm
pcitly the honor and faith OF the British Government
What spectacle should thus present when it is B.
clarng to Mr. Webster his full belief that the negotators
Of the treaty of 1888 meant to give the British the sole
actually had in his possession Mchells map, marked
with red line following the boundary as orig naly
veral places Boundary described by Oswald" in the
hand writing of George the Sd himself Oswald being
|
dated 1853 And Sir Robert Peel said of course he
did not show this to MIR. Webster; and Lord Brougham
Now was there ever such spectacle shall cpl.
thes, sir But can any thing make the stronger
than this And yet they were ready to go to war and
Lord Ashburton had Mchells map in his pocket. Civ
ing us the whole territory And if after all ground
orr arms merely on the arrival OF an ordinary minister from
England, why deserve lose the territory But we
told that the giving this II months notice might give
offence TO Great Britain How it give offence, when
by doing shall only in obedience the provi.
sions OF the treaty and II the British Government chooses
to take offence when intended them in heavens
name let her be offended But to do nothing-not
take any steps for assisting our people occupy that
going on hunting ior iars building mills opening the
country Tor agricultural purposes enjoying all the trade
with Eastern Asia whilst told to lei her alone for
% years more till our people go there with the plough
settlers will quietly roll themselves the deserts Of
the north and leave our with the ploughshare in quiet
possession of this beautiful country This is elegant
language of the gentleman from Massachusetts, (Chose
hut 1t is poetry, and nothing but poetry The gentleman
says people can into Oregon prudenty and quiet
y and fill up the country without giving offence to the
Hudson Bay Company. Sir, this is the true Ostrich
policy that deceives one but the simple bird himself
steal into Oregon take possession Of quietly with the
poughshare and pruning hook and then this great blood
stained corporation will roll itself of into the deserts Of
the north without making any resistsnce back out sup
pose with its face to the settlements Of the Americans
Why sir, IL would be the most magnanmous cooperation
the world ever contained if il should do this But the
contrary is the Never has Great Britain evncsd
such determination TO keep Of country
She has of this Already she affects to talk Of her right
all north OF the Columbia And from the time Of Sir Alex
ander Mackenzie who explored the country down this
day. her conduct has been the the
unqualified claim to the whole Of it. Under the treaty Of
Client she made solemn protest that she had title TO
this country: When minister proposed the 4oth de
of north latitude they said they would not at that time
river was the most any They then propo..
ed to the l9th parallel till struck the river and then
down the river to its mouth and from all that has trans
PRED must not expect Great Britain depart from this
claim without some struggle. In the negotiations pre-
cedng the Treaty Of 1877 they repeated the sam:
never abandon that claim But our protest was
also entered the protocols at that time, with.
dra ing the former propositions that longer
bound by past free to claim the whole Terri.
tory and will assert our right it, has been said
that Lord Ashburon had the a9 parallel Of north lst.
tude offered him again; but appears that il found
impossible to conclude any negotiation about the orr
came here to settle all the questions in dispute between
us--the Creole case-the right Of Search-the Oregon
and yet he left without settling any save one What was
done by him and Mr.. Webster about Oregon Will
be known unless Lord Aberdens dispatches shall he pub
shed for the negotiations left Of their dopgs
that subject except such as were marked in the sand,
which the returning tide washed away forever But in
the speech Of the Senator from Massachusetts Chosts)
have this dec that tho assertion that MIR Web
ser had offered boundary line for Oregon south Of 40,
was totally unfounded and that such thing was never
meditated would ask the honorable senator IL an
right in supposng that 40 offered TO Lord Ashburon
Mr.. CHoArE-At proper time may give an expians-
ton.
Mr. BuonAS.sBut there is another part of the honor
able members speech that deserves comment He says
that Great Britain has more idea OF coionizlng Oregon
than she has oil colonlkng he uome VI OF Iaus WY
Sir she can colonizc Oregon BY charter Of Dec 9Th.
1921 she leased Oregon for 10 years to the Hudson Bay
Co and in May 1888 they obtained lease for 81 years
longer And IN the correspondence between Lord
Cenrp and the OF the HudsonB Bay Co the letter
tells the that the Company have done much for the
title of England the Oregon territory He boasts that
they have expelled all the Americans from that region
that they settled all the decayed servants Of the Com
pany in that territory that they have % establishments
there several stockade forts six armed vessels,
vessel of aud that they are already carrying
large trade tn Eastern Asia and that il IL all important
they should have renewal OF the charter And in letter
of Mr.. simpson the agent OF this Company, dated Feb
riary 1897, he says the country between the north
hank OF the Columbia and 40 degrees Of north latitude
remarkable for the salubrity OF the climate fine soil
and The finest harbors in the world That the banks Of
the Columbia they have already directed their attention
to agriculture on large scale; they hope soon
TO create large market for the cotton and woocD goods
ni England her iron wares tobacco sc and that no.
thing exceed the beauty of the country and the e.
,eence Of the soil and climate MIR Simpson also adds