The New York herald., 1844-09-01

Government, and remanded 10 receive the answer
of the Secretary of State, to his being given up,
TO be tried there. The body of Captain Halsey was
inferred In st. James Cemetery on the 10Th, at
tended from the Grecian Hotel by most of the
American Captains in port. The deceased, we un
derstand, was a wldower, and has left family OF
SIX children Wilmr's Liverpool Times, Awg.7
TEXAS ANNEXATION IN ENaLANp.-In spite of the
non.ratihcaton by the Senate OF the United States
OF the treaty which was intended to annex Texas
to the Union, the circumstances attending that I'M
portant though aboriye negotiation have left
lasting impression all the parties interested In
the question. As far as the United States con-
cerned, the project of annexation took It's origin,
as we have frequently observed, IN the eectioneer
ing inrigues OF Mr.. Tyler's party, rather than in
any serious apprehenslons OF foreign Influence,
any profound system of national policy. In this
respect the failure was complete; and in spite Of the
tricks Of Mr. Tyler, and the dying denunciations of
General jackson, there Is little doubt that the cam
ddate OF the party most hostile to annexation will
succeed to the Presidency at the ensuing election
But the effects to which we alude those produ-
ced by the treaty. even In its incomplete state, on
the relations OF Texas itself to Mexico, and to 9th.
er countries. The negotiation OF that treaty proved
to Mexico and to the world, that in asserting her
Independence, Texas did not really aspire to the
condition OF free state, bur merely to dishonest
transfer Of her allegiance. All the rights OF Mexi-
co, and all the she might advance in 0ppo-
sltlon to the independence OF Iexas were strength
ened hundredfold as against such fereign inter-
ference with her late sovereignty over the province;
and whatever the fate Of the treaty might be, the
bare avowal of such design by the Governments
of the Uni.ed States and OF Texas was quite suffi-
Client to determine the Mexican Government to trust
to nothing but the force Of arms, either against the
revotcd province or against its more powerful
neighbor: asa.
Several causes concur to render the position of
Texas very critical on the renewal of such con-
test. The rejection of the treaty OF annexation is
severe blow to the designs Of the American party
In the Republic; the presence of slave population
within its boundaries, whose future fate depends
altogether on the political condition of the State, is
an element OF danger IN the heart of every village
aud every dwelling, for the sina qua non Of Mexico
is the abolition of slavery, and the main obec, of
the American party Is its continuance; Texas is
llturnlshed with the means OF carrying on the war;
and President Houston, who appears never to have
been partizan of annexation, although he lent
himself to the late treaty, must perceive that the
future independence OF his country and the re-estab
Iishment OF peace depend on the vigor with which
he may carry out the principles first proclaimed by Its
founders. The alternatives which is poinledto with
sort of horror by the agents ct the United States,
as the probable consequences OF the rejection OF the
project Tor annexation, is the conclusion OF irec
trade treaty with Great Britain. That is the mon
arun iatandum ingems, against which all these at
tacks are directed; that is deemed sufficient reason
tor country instantly to forfeit all clams to inde
pendence and self-government and Texas is only
worthy of place amongst the states of the North
American continent as long as she upholds the In
stitutions which bless that part Of the gl0be-sla-
very and prohlbltive duties We certainly dissent
from this opinion SO entirely, that we We're disposed
to hail with some satisfaction the creation OF
new southern community, IN which commerce
might be carried on without restrictions, and sla-
very might at no distant period cease. But these
views and these hopes were in no way peculiar TO
tent by France, Holland, Belgium, and all the Eu.
ropean countries by which Texas has been recog-
nlzed 1t Texas wisely and resoluteiy proclaims the
policy of free trade she opens her ports equally TO
all fn haP prnH Incl cnnE
natural preference in all markets; she
buys from all markets on equal terms; and, above
ALL she gives to all foreign countries equal inter-
est in maintaining her independence. These
principles which are easily applied, and which
much inialllbly succeed; they can give umbrage
to none but her enemies or wouldbe rulers and
they remove every pretext for those designs OF an
exclusive influence, whether commercial or polili-
cal, which have been falsely and absurdy i'm
puted to this country. We have recognised
Texas as an independent state; we wish her to re,
main SO but ii she be unworthy OF the destiny TO
which she once aspired, we had far rather she
were reunited TO the free population of the Mexls
can Republic, than classed among the slave hold.
ing states OF the Union, who already regard her
with more terror and jealousy than they will ac-
knowledge, since they impute to Great Britain
those fears, which are really excited by the future
resources and freer institutions OF Texas ITSELF
London Times, dug. 10.
PosT-oFFICE EsPIoNAGE.-The reports OF the Sc
veral secret committees OF the two houses of para-
ment have been delivered. On an average OF II
years, the number OF warrants tor opening letters
have been, in Great Britain, about eight annually
OF these, about six have been issued upon the re-
presentation Of magistrates for the purpose OF bring
ing criminals to justice, or to assist In the recovery
of stolen property. About two have been annually
issued upon political considerations, TO find the
means OF obviating some public danger In Ireland,
the number of warrants issued has been two in a
year, almost exclusively for the purpose OF tracing
criminals. The following is the most material por-
ton of the rIport:-"It may seem that the issue of
six or seven warrants annually in proportion to the
10000 or 40,0 600 commitas which take place in this
kingdom cannot be an efficient instrument OF police;
but, on the other hand, the issue OF six or seven
warrants upon circulation Of 220 600 600 of letters
cannot be regarded as materially interfering
with the sanctity of private correspondence, which,
with these exceptions, there is not the slightest
ground to believe has been ever invaded. The
committee have examined into the case OF
the petitioner whose petition has been reterr-
ed to thcm.- 1t is true that Mr.. Mazzini's
letters were for about four months stopped and
opened, under the warrant OF the. Secretary Of
State for the Home Department, and inspected by
the Secretary for Foreign Affairs, upon an appre-
henslon that he was engaged IN correspondence
having for lis object designs which might be nju-
rous to the tranquility OF Europe. Certain parts
of the information thus obtained were communi-
Gated to a foreign government, in so far as such
communication appeared to be warranted, but
without the names or details that might expose any
individual then residing in the foreign country 10
which the information was transmitted to danger
The committee are bound, in conclusion, to state,
that having looked backed to the proceedings of
several secretaries of state during successive ad
minlsratlons for more than twenty years, they
have found the practice has been nearly uniform,
that the power has been very sparingly exercised,
and never from personal party motives, and that
in every case investigated 1t seems to have been
directed by an earnest and faithful desire to adopt
that course which appeared TO be necessary, either
to promote the ends Of justice or to prevent dis
lurbance of the public tranquility, or otherwise to
promote the best interests Of the country
THE BURNS FEsrIvAL.--This great fcte was celc-
brated at Ayr on Tuesday, the 9Th instant. The
preliminary arrangements were intrusted to a very
active and influential committee, through whose
fundamentally the Earl Of EgIintoun, and Profess
sor Wilson were induced TO accept the honorable
duty OF presiding al the festive board. A field OF
some twenty extent, beautifully situated on
the banks of the Doom, was selected. Distant only
a few wards from the monument erected to the
u1aat,s IN ls2Q in the snrinn xaIe iu,ua.