The Hillsborough recorder. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1820-1879, 1844-08-01

fesdihg rilh lettuce leaves. Hsrinx
Lite brains 10 Feplenish or baild %.
and hol quick in his nerves, for b. Il
kne~n 70 yau, reader. lhs opiam of le-
tDee leaves i supposed % eoniribnls
mainly 20 The formation Of brain and
nerves. The opium eating h0e Vii return
Sssl smounl Uf he nilrogen Of his le.,
luce. n The Shape Of ammonia. m nov
you add 20 The facts. eommss 20 The
no1rishmrn u swine. lhe action Of am
monia on mould. - h has been ex-
plained. you viii zee. that he who neg
leels 10 Gil his yard wilh mould, and swine
ioronyertiI. o, eriooks oneuflhe cheapest,
most efrelual and esnain modes Of lorns.
ing manure. which practice and theory
unite % pronouneing lie snresg element
Of he fsraers success. Not only Is the
qualify Of urine affected b. age. sea, food.
difference ol animal. but Inc season also
exeris an influence upon thisiiquid. The
urine Of cattle often roniains ammonia
ready formed in sumner. but never in
winter. In cpld weather The aaoanl pf
ammonis; or rather iile principle ahafd-
ing Il. Is less; 0ftrn il il NOT half m win.
Ter what II Is in summer. 4 his rertainfy
- misfortune 10 the farmer, who gene
rally keeps his cai,le Up only in win,eri
but then Il 10 an argument also for the
practice Of summer soiling.
Secondly, with respect 10 the circum-
stances accessory 10 change urea 10 am
monia; ~, in short wurds. 10 fully riprn
urine, or 10 make !, q ft manure. ! lles~
also depend upon the SEASON, in psri. IL
is 10 he remembered, reader, Thai this roo
ting Of urine Is only fermentation. ltiakes
place hecause ihrre is principle in urine
which brings on fermentation, jus, as II
docs in new uider. Now d u Is BY fer
meniaiion that urine ro,s. il win take
place, as all fermentation does. best Al a
moderate temperature. The cold Of win
Ter will present II. Hence your win,rr
manure must be allowed time. as the heat
Of spring comes an, 10 ferment. that The
urine may be changed To ammonia; and
every means must be taken to prevent
the heat rising beyond. in the manure
heap. or falling below moderate tempe
rate warmth these are the circum-
stances whirh chiefly promote The change
from urea TO ammonia. -
Thirdly, in regard TO The time in which
this change win take place, il will require
a. least one month; and six weeks are
better lf urine be allowed to rot for a
month. il fully doubles its quantity Of am
monia. In TACT, il would have contained
more Than double The ammonia of fresh
urine, had not portion escaped.
This brings rs 10 our fourth point, the
best iiiode Of preventing the flying of of
the ammonia when this change has taken
place. Much has been said about tanks.
and va,s, aud urine pits, and many plans
devised for preventing The escape ofvoia-
tile ammonia. But when once the action
Of ammonia upon mould, is understood.
as we have already pointed it ont, am
persuaded, reader, that those tanks, and
watts, and urine-caris, will appear to You
not only expensive and cumbersome, bat
useless. Your first point is, to sa yon
ammonia, your secondi is. neser TO useurine
in It's causiic state. IL Sou do, you will as
assuredly burn your crop, as the puddle
formed by a cow buns the grass upon
which she emplies her watering-pot
Here the urine, forming causiic ammonia,
acts as would eaustic potash, or sIump Of
stone lime, left to slack upon the grass.
You want TO change this burning or caus-
tic ammonia into mild ammonia, or to
combine it with some substance which
has not only that effect, but also keeps j.
from flying away. Unless you UNDER
stand. then, the principles Of these actions.
and apply them too. your labor is all va
niy. when you attemp, 10 save your own
or your cat,le's urine.
These principles are in number, two.
First, the principle which changes caustic
to mild Ammonia, is carbonic acid, deriv-
ed from air, or decomposing mould. Sc
conh, the principles which render ammo
MIA less volatile. or wholly fixed, are Ger
tain acids iorued in mould, as sour mould
or certain salts which give up their acid
to the ammonia. Plaster does this by
changing its lime for ammonia. Now
lie, US go into the reason Of this a little.
and see if we can understand it. Very
slowly, and suppoing moisture present,
the oil of vitrol Of the plaster quits It's
lime, and unites to the ammonia, and
so changes volatile into sxed salt.
Now this is the charge which has beeii
of lste much insisted on, and the prac-
tice recommended. of slrewing the stable
and bsrn-cellars, and even the prisies,
with plaster, To save the ammonia, which
escapes in these places Blu. it is doubt
ful whether the saving is as great as Is
usually supposed, for the ammonia a.
rising from the urine is causlir, ii eaes of
az caustic ammonia. tina, has no effect
upon psaer. To produce this @a-
tual effect of ammonia aud plaster, the
caustic ammonia ,mis, previously have
been made mild. However, this plan