New-York daily tribune., 1844-06-08
Mor.e,s Magnetic Telegraph.

The ncrfect success of Professor MoRsE's Elec-
I'm. MAGNETIC Telegraph has excited the astonish-
ment and admiration of the community. In,
most incredulous have been convinced, and oc-
curriog at the time they have done, the exper.
nents have satisfied the public that the Magnetic
Telegraph is not merely beautiful Illustration
philosophical principle, but an agent that may
be made OF practical and every day utility IN tht
business transactions of the country. The long
list of officers of the Loco. Foco Convention was
published in the Capitol at Washington as soon
as it was announced in Baltimore, the only time
lost being that occupied IN the passage OF thu
messenger from the room of the Convention I"
the office of the Telegraph in the Pratt-street DE
pot The ballotings were communicated with
the same rapdty and the cxPectant lhrong
politicians, who surrounded The Professors rooW
in the Capitol, were made aware OF the result o
each, as soon as it was known at the ooor ol tiit
Odd Fellows Hall in Gay-street IN this City
Then again the nomination OF MI WRIGHT was
declined by him within fifteen minutes after II
was made, and the reiterated sohcltations mace
known, and again declined and had MIR. WRIGHT
bcen in New. Orleans, instead Of Washington.
the intervals of intercourse between him and the
Convention would have been quite as brief.
All this is calculated to put US upon the IN
ouirv into the future agency of the wonderful
contrivsnce which thus, without metaphor, ANN
hilates both time and space. Ii has been sale
that the railroad system has given perpeiulty t"
our Union, which it would not otherwise possess
and that with iron bonds is our country bound
together. But the day OF IRON bars must no"
yield to that of copper wires. what dlfncultl
does extent Of territory present to permanency o.
government, but the delay and Inconvenience oi
transmitting intelligence fiom one portion OF II
to anoiher-intelligence between men IN business
and between the Executive and It's officers Sup
rose the line of wires to extend to Oregon, anG
that squadron lay off the mouth OF the Colum
bia which it was desired to order home, or to
send to Honolulu: the Secretary OF the Navy
could receive the answer that all hands were pped
10 weigh anchor before the INK with which hc
signed his name to the order, II he wrote heavy
hand had dried upon the paper Ii Vessel
bound for an Atlantic port had backed her top
sail in the midst OF the squadron, the Comnooor,
might ask from the Department, and receive,
permission for an officer 10 return IN her befor,
her yards could be braced round and her sails
sbeeted home; for the rate of electricity is lSO.
900 miles in second, and at this speed would tn'
correspondence between Washington and Oregon
be carried on. Startling as such statements may
appear, no one can gainsay them who will see
Pratt street depot. Instances might be mau
piled without end of the availability OF the Mag
netic Telegraph of Professor MoKsE.
Ofsuch an invention as that in question oui
readers must of course desire to know something,
and we believe that the following account OF IL
origin and mode ofaction will be found correct;
There are few persons who have not seen all
Electrical machine, and witnessed the sparn
which passes from 1t, when IN action to any blunt
object which is presented TO it. The accumua-
ton of electricity in the machine caused by turn
ing the cylinder or plate has the same tendency
to pass to an object which has less electricity, that
air has to rush into vacuum, or water to seek
leve-clectnci,y like air or water seeking to eS-
tablish always an equilibrium. Besides the MODE
ofproducng electricity by friction, as IN the com
mon electrical machine 1t is also produced by the
action of an acid upon the plates OF different met.
ais properly attached together-a fact discovered
by the person whose name is perpetuated Ill The
term Galuanism. The mode In common use OF
producing galvanic action is to immerse the plates
in trough with separate divslons-at one enc
of which the supply Of electric fluid generated by
the action of the acid is in excess. This end Of
the trough or battery is called the positive, and
the other end the negative pole of the battery
Now, if wire attached to one end is brought
near to wire proceeding from the other end, the
electricity passes from the positive to the negative
pole, and spark is seen, like that proceeding
from the common electrical machine, which IL
the electricity seeking TO establish an equilibrium
II the two wires are kept III contact, there Is d
stream of electric Aud passing from one to the
other, which is kept up by the action of the ACID
ON the metallic plates already mentioned.
Now, the ordinary length of these wires, in
common galvanic battery, is but few feet; but
they may be a thousand, or an hundred thou
sand, miles in length, and the effect of bringing
them in contact with each other is still the same
that is, the flow through the entire length of a
stream of electricity at the rate already men,
toned. If therefore the machine or battery is III
Washington, and wire from the positive pole
is brought to Baltimore and carried back IT,
Washington, the end OF ii, brought In contact
with the wire at the negative pole, which is but
few feet long, will cause stream OF electricity to
flow from Washington to Baltimore and back
again along the wire; and II Is this wlre coming
here and going back, which Is TO be seen on the
posts in Pratt street, the t,c0 wires there visible
being in fact but the opposite sides OF loop OF
wire which would bs eighty miles in length were
it extended. And this is the first thing TO be
understood.
Now it is known, that piece of soft iron bent
comes a magnet so long aSstream of electricity
is passing through wire wrapped around 1t; ano
the wire, from the positive pole of the battery, al
ter coming to Baltimore is wrapped here round
piece of iron of the proper shape, and then goes
back to Washington. 10 make this iron magnet,
therefore, in Baltimore, it is only necessary 10
connect the ends Of the wires in Washington.
when, so long as they ale connected, the stream
OF electricity which passes along them produces
the desired effect upon the iron. When the con
nection is interrupted the iron ceases to DC mag
netic. and is like any other piece OF soiriron.-
This magnet, which the Professor has the power
to create at pleasure, is his prime mover Imme-
diately over the magnet, say in Baltimore, is
brass lever, with piece OF iron attached 10 It,
which is brought within quarter Of an inch o.
less, of the horse shoe. AS sooa as this last Ii
made magnet by uniting the ends OF the wiz,
at Washington, it attracts the iron on the lever
and draws one end of the lever down. causing, al
the same time, the opposite end to rise. At this