The New York herald., 1844-10-02


Die ior hundreds aud thousands of This then is
that great capital oil inert wealth ing in the
bosom oil The earth beneath your feet out oi which the
greatness prosperity, and happiness OF Penns vaLia
mains 10 DO wrought We must tskr along with US, gen.
emsn IN all our considerations oi pubic wealth poit
cal economy and the particular pursuits Of mankind the
great changes wrought in the world by the Introduction
OF the power Of stesm and the invention OF mode o APP
ply anthracite COAL well other coal, the
ducon Of that power II has seemed to change every
thing We look abroad upon the world, ami Il
does not to be the world that our fathers
saw. Every thing in commercial atfairs-in business
affairs changed It seems almost if the orb upon
hich hurled round the sun, had become some
other globe We pass it with such rapidy-w so
lar outsrp the wDds in crossing its oceans-we pene-
rate and explore recesses so much with new hopes
and iof new purposes, and with great
were introduced into creation Now IL is the par.
ucnar feature Pennsy vania that she has thus
dance oil coal and OF iron in proximity TO another,
that gives her this power oil the OF
all purposes But let us look to thi. wealth hat
oi more praciical point oi view The product oi the
fennsy ivania coal mines. though large really
Tiing when compared with that OF England. England
produces every thirty millions Of tons Of At
.ne Common prices at which coal sells at the pis's
mouth IN this country, you what tnor.
nous ,ioduct that is-not less than sixty or seven
ty millions oil dollars Pennsy lvana present pro
duces about two millions of tons Of coal annually
one million OF anh acie and million Of biiuminous
-perhnps msre But this is doae and that is all with
your ability to produce quite much England pro-
duces when there shall he ademand ior IT. Now now
does this working If this great material OF coa-h0w
does il sect the great interests Of the great VI
mankndf That's the question II there be an interest
when is prof able ony a fcw-if it be interest
which tends build up aIge fortunes tor the lew with
out giving employ and food and clothing and educa
on TO the many why then so far it Is matter OF anes.
tionable policy TO puI But how this Gen
rinen understand that in the coal districts in this
State, the coal in the mine, undug is worth thirty cents
per onthat is, the right vi digging and mining may
be obtained at that rate When is done when human
labor has been expended upon IT, and brought it to the
suffice, and laid il down by the boats sde il worth 81
or 81 70 atom What's the result OF that Why, that
Of the 81 20 created by this OPERATION 25 cents the
proprieor-Si 80 10 labor, by the strong hands OF the
Pennsy vania aborers And this topic is topic
have not now time hardly to advert to it, IL happened
some ten or eleven ago that at the other end
OF this SAFE and addressing assemhsge OF gentlemen
at Pittsburgh, said then what should say just that
the protective (ere young lad with marshals
badge interrupted the reporters by talking aloud SO that
we lost the rest OF this sentence Now genteiemen,
avert again to that other source OF Pennsy vanas
riches-the iron mines of Pennsy lvana. England
produces million aud an half tons OF iron every
And this pIoduct-partiy owing to our large importation
Of 1t in past yearshas trebled and than rebled
within ten years Now every body at that the
manufacture Of such quantity Of iron creates another
demand OF correspondent quantity OF COAL ond this Offers
another nducement makes another call upon the
labor Of the country II supposed that The million and
half tons oil iron manufactured in England every
year. consumes SIX millions Of coal You them upon
the calculations have made, how much is paid TO
labor the necessary smelt the that
extent Of English product Then also in regard to
You have all calculations-l dare say they're
common enough-to show how much Of every ten Of
iron goes 20 pay agricultural iadustry-tnat Is to
say how much out every ton Of manufactured
must be appropriated to paying the provisions and food OF
estimated as high S2o ton; but suppose S20 we
then have SO to agricultural iaborgoue to meet
made the State. The present impo tati0n OF iron is
great notw outstanding the duty We superahundsnt
Of mineral wealth have said PenLsy Iva
ma other States have great wealth in iron Mines espe-
cially New York, Tennessee, and Mary land Now what
has ne.n proposed Regard to this whole subject,
IL to brius the duties iii the custom house
ike all otner duties down to 20 per ad uaiorem
hat is the policy one sidstha's the poiicy. And
1t as understood that should admit EDglsh unless
that protective duiy Of 70 cent will exclude What
has ngland thought heretofore? England has no
occasion for duties iron but ia the progress OF her iron
oiks she maintained up 70 $40 higher rate Of duty
imported ron than the United States under
taii Vi l549 while those among who
following out the doctrine OF trade, which they
say tgey learned from England, who insists that 10
cent ad raiore an duty on ali
lyon VIII 10 the British tariff and careful
y Dyou VIII Ind that the aversge amount OF ad roior duy
on ali Imports instead OF being ~ cent, amounts IL
43 per f42 10, Cd average per
whole mass o foreign imports taken into England 1t
Is not wonderful, therefore, say, gentlemen, that
siderng the manufacturers aud aizans eat amount
of wealth yet to be developed OF feDnsy lvans
eartn by Pennsylvania industry that the peope Of
Penns vania should be inclined TO support the posective
policy. wonderful. But IL woud be wonderful
II otherwise Nor Is it wonderful tha; the govern
rnlitlcal servant state 1t 10 not thot tho
government OF Pennsylvania should e similar inte-
rest. Ine government oil Pennsy vania has sought BY
various means and some OF them at great sacrinces 10
chen these great oil Pennsy vana To assist
IN the development vi her the government OF
Pennsyvan has contracted eat debt Tor the purposes
OF rail- roads and canals and other public works. TO the
end that she may bring forward and BRING ont ntoope'
ration those means VI wealth which present lie
hid zen and offer so much OF u'etul occupation TO
men Now, gentlemen, 1t cannot be doubted that the
government of Pennsy ivania, us government, must
desire the developement OF these RESOURCES, to the gem
arai Improvement OF oil its popuiu,ion, and to the
end that may conduct operations finance
and pay that debt which rests upon L. Allow to
that Pennsy needs assumption by the United
States to pay her debts has them hers
able pay them herself she DESIRES | am sure,
assumption Of any deb OF hers by the general gov
OF the sphere Of its duty But
then there thing that neither ne VI
Pennsy vania d. the people OF Pennsyl
do The government can make roads. IL may construct
canals i may establish works OF internal communca-
tion. The people may open the mi and work them
bring their products surface But then for all
these Interests there Is thing 10 be doe that go
vernment and people OF PennsyIvan separate
gether cannot and that prot CT these interests by
just and well considered Custom House regul lations
Penpsy ivana does not possess that powe , and the
whole world that they and other similar works
domestic great interests OF human society
canno be arranged and controlled and regulated
ully, but by the operation OF Custom House dutie -
pennsy has parted with that great regulating pow
She gave that up on the establishment 0 the Con
sttuun She gave up the power oil lay ing duties
ports Pennsy wanna, and she gave up with clear
Understanding which the whole history those times
proves she up with clear underst tading that
with which she thus ported and consented to
place hands the general government should be
exercised by Discrimination 10 protect American
lennsy wanna labor (CheeIs And ;he neral Govern
msnt undertake. TO say, violates its obgaon to every
other State when has taken this power out Of their
hands SO that they can longer and yet will
use it itseG That is thevery pinchhat is the very
gencethe demand OF duty which is nude the govern
Of the United States. Massachusetts and Pennsy
vania cannot protect their labor by duties at
nOuse-tHey cannot tnoSe dutles-they have
irted WITH that power he General Government and
they have parted with under the painest understand
and expectation on both aides that the power would
be exercised as TO favor home productions Now gen.
tlemep, may do what please about indus
trywnigs do wnat they please and individuals may
do what they peasc-but unless 1t be protected by the
general government by wise steady and stable sy
OF Legislation, there will be no secuiity-Do permanent
prosperity amongst you. have said that this debt
incurred by the State Of Pennsy do part
wards the development Of It's own resources suppose
every body .x ecs-I sure that .xpect thai his
nt hut
by Pennsy lvana herself partial cheerng) Why,
should spsir Of the great cause OF segovernnent-
be defender oi tho prsc,icabiy of high and
elevated popular communities and popular government
Pennsy ivana should sneak away pay menr her
debt (Cheers and cries OF 'No--never- never! -
There may be, suppose, between here and the
Quo river. half dozen repudiators IA voice. Nonenl
There spots and black spots The the gen.
era eugence OF hat godtn hides and covers ali that
dsrkens and blackens loud checrs) And there may