The New York herald., 1844-11-24
NEW YORK HERALD.



new York, Sunday, November "A, lsA4.
l Ths English News-Commereial Treaty be-
| tween China and the United States.
| The most important item Of intelligence which
/ we have received by the last steamship, is thai
| which informs us OF the completion, through ths
| agency Of Mr.. Cushing, of a commercial treaty
| between the United States and China. This treat,
| II, in its general outlines, framed on the same
or nciple as that formed some time since between
the Celestial Empire and the kingom OF Great Bri
tain. II is proper to notice, however, that IN the
treaty with the United States, certain valuable pr-
vileges relative the importation OF lead from this
country into China have been secured to us. This
intelligence cannot fail to be deeply interesting TO
all who desire the prosperity Of this country, and
the extension of its commerce on just, equitable
and advantageous terms throughout the world.
In the ratification Of the treaty, the government
OF the United States will follow out that policy
which originated with Mr.. Tyler and Mr.. Webster,
ia accordance with which the treaty with the Zol
yerein was formed, and which was rejected by the
Senate also that with England, which as a
matter Of course, was entirely defeated in conse-
quence of the disincliaation of the government OF
Great Rrtan to enter into any project which would
be likely TO advance the commercial interests OF
this country. But this system OF commercial trea
ties with foreign powers. may at all events,
be now regarded as part and parcel OF the settled
foreign policy Of this country, and which, we
are led to believe, on every rational ground
of conjecture, will be steadily pursued by the
administration ~f Mr. Polk. 1t is, indeed, the only
true policy for this country to adopt II affords the
readiest and most successful means of settling the
tariff with foreign countries, and is In all respects
calculated to foster and extend our commercial IN
tercourse with the nations of the earth II anything
were wanting to convince the intelligent people of
| this country of the beneficial tendency OF these
| commercial treaties, the unconcealed alarm with
which every effort to form them ls viewed by the
Brit sh government, would be sufficient to impress
the truth upon their minds. Our destiny must, OF
necessity, make US in all time coming, the rivals
of England in the struggle for naval supremacy and
commercial greatness. This, England knows tuli
well. Hence the uneasiness with which she re-
cards all our commercial movements, and every
act Of the government calculated to affect our
commercial interests. The opening Of the ports
Of China TO our commerce, on favorable terms,
will by no means tend to allay that growing dis
quietude, which our recent rapid progress in the
way to superior commercial importance had occa
stoned on the other side Of the Atlantic.
That the late Presidential election was regarded
with much interest in Great Britain by the var
GUS interests who are concerned in the movements
here, was not to be doubted and it appears that
the result was was looked upon, in many quarters
| as likely to prove favorable to the British manu-
featuring interests But the almost absolute certainty
of speedy settlement of the Texas question: on tie
terms prescribed by the people at the polls, is more
than sufficient to countermine the grounds on
which our rivals the other side OF the water are
disposed to fecitate themselves. Once possessed
OF the whole cotton fields of this western hemis-
phere, the United States would have the means Of
engaging in rivalry with England, which the lat
ter would find it utterly impossible to maintain
This country could then prescribe her own terms to
the manufacturers of Great Britain, and eventually
supply the world with manufactured cotton goods
And it requresno great foresight to that the
time is coming when this country will be not only
the great harvesteld, but the great workshop of
the world Here labor is invested with its appro
pirate dignity. With climate so varied-witb
an almost bound.ess terntory--wth soil capa-
BILE OF producing in superabundant profusion,
not only all the great staple articles of food bui
an infinite variety Of the rich products Of southern
climes-with our vast cotton and sugar plantations
with inexhaustble stores of mineral wealth.
with extraordinary natural facilities Of internal
commune ton-with thousands of miles Of sea-
coast studded with innumerable safe and commo-
dious havens--besides all these, with civil insttu
tions which are pre-eminenty calculated to sti-
muate all the energies, skill, and enterprise of hu
man nature, this mighty country is evidently des-
tined to engross, one day, the power and glory Of
the earth. II has been by the commerce ard ma
nufactures Of Great Britain that she has attained
her high rank amongst the nations Our progress
to empire is by the same path. Hence the great
importance OF every movement connected with
our commercial intercourse with foreign countries
and hence the interest with which we regard the
intelligence we have now received of the compile
tion Of a commercial treaty between China and
the United States
That Great Britain observes all these matters
with keen and jealous vigilance, is very apps-
rent. The evident anxiety of the British govern
ment to conclliate France is proof Of this. We
might refer to numerous instances OF late, in which
this spirit has been discovered by the British gov
ernment. II has marked all the recent intercourse
Of Great Britain with France. And the motive
and object are plain. Hitherto France has sympa-
hised with America. In case Of any emerge ncy,
Great Britain would be desrous to secure the sup
| sort and sympathy of her ancient enemy, France.
Hence her conclliatory spirit now-conciliatory in
some instances to a degree, that in another and
not very remote day, would have been regarded as
| pusilanimous. 1t is also worthy of remark, that
| the British government is at present engaged In
fortifying Halifax in the most effective manner
| We give in another column letter from an es-
teemed correspondent, giving an account Of the ex-
tent and energy with which these Notifications
have been carried on. What is the object OF this
| We think it is not at all unreasonable to regard
| such measure as a precautionary one, adopted
under the belief that the time may soon come
when republicanism and monarchical despotism
| will have their last encounter on the North Amer
| can continent. At all events, all these views,
which we have thus hurriedy thrown together,
impress forcibly the conviction that the foreign