The Ohio Democrat. [volume] (Canal Dover, Ohio) 1840-1900, 1844-02-01
FSom tie ono Statesman.
ADDRESS
TO THE PEOPLE OF oHIo.
(Continned.)


TRIBUTION AMONG THE STATES OF
THE PROCEEDS OF SALES fOFPUBLIC
LANDS:
1. Because at the present time the treasury of the
United States requires them in the conduct of the scai
affairs OF the government The revenue under the pres
en high protective tariff is insufficient even when aided
BY the land fund.- to meet the financial exgencies of the
National Treasury. The deficiency exclusive of the
Public Debt is estimated by millions
2. Because portion of the public lands were ceded
to the United States by the States which they belonged
In trust for the Common benefit Of all the States" and
not for the particular benefit Of each State and therefore
%the government has no right to divide and distribute the
proceeds among the States separately but is bound by
the conditions of the trust TO besow them in the common
treasury of all the States, the treasury of the United
States to be employed for the common benefit of ALL for
national purposes according to appropriations made by
Congress, lin common with the revenues derived from
"other sources. A distribution would be an abandon
Inent refusal 10 fulfill the trust and violation of
H. But government has right either to surrender,
neglect violate the the trust must continue exc
cute the trust in good faih according to its terms until
the fund be exhausted.
30 Because another, and very large portion of the
public domain was purchased with the common funds
oft the nation drawn cr4he purpose from the National
Treasury into which it was collected in revenues der
we'd from duties upon imports, and from other sources
land with other considerations and equivalents OF ma
oonal character all agreedupo by treaty with foreign
nations To distribute the revenues arising from these
lands would De tdnldlnOunL uSTlDutlOn tun0S col
1eele6 from duties and other sources directly 1t would
be collecting revenues from drties'upon imports impo
sed for the purpose of distribution among the States
The rghtto do which will not be commended for or de-
Tended ...l i ,4tf....s,s sy.,,.. .t. Pa.
4. Because the tendency of distribution is to impair
the Just and constitutional independence the Sates
'rThe command of the revenue is the command of the
State" And so far as the federal government had
commanded the revenues of the States by of this
distribution, itwould have controlling and corruptng
Influence in their affairs ~
g. Becausewe regard the magnificent public domain
as sacred nvioabe and nalienable basis of national
credit As SAFE permanent and almost inexhaustible
resource in time ofdanger, financial difficulty or war
nsa reliance security and eguard such as is pos
sessed by no other people in the world which Should
on no consideration, be alienated from the nation.
THE DEMOCRACY ARE OPPOSED TO THE
ABOLITION OR MODIFICATION OF THE
VETO POWER AS VESTED IN THE PRES
IDENT BY TIE CONSTITUTION.
i. Because tits necessary to the harmony of that
system of government devised and established by the
Fathers of the Country under the guidance Of Divine
Providence for anation whom he seems to have cho-
nsfor peculiar favor, and upon whom he has been
eased TO bestow blessings never before enjoyed by any
Deope This government is peculiar one possessing,
It would appear the capacity Of adoption to all emer
oeneies and ernbodying in itself wisdom "a greater
and higher than its trainers themselves possessed or
dreamed of imparting to 1t.
The Representatives in Congress are elected in the
most part by the people of particular sections or dis
tricts ofseyera States of this Union. The Senators
are elected by the States in their corporate and sovereign
capacities, throughout their legislatures. The Presi-
dent alone is elected by all the people OF the several
States The Representative has for his constituency
the people his particular district and is responsible
onlv to'them The Senator has for his constituency,
the Legisatureo of his State, and othat only he is
menable The President has for his constituency, the
whole people Of all the several States and is alike re
sponsibe 10 ALL He alone is the representative OF all
the people in all the States & he alone is boud oguard
the interests of all. The Representative acts for his
district the Senator for his State but the President
lone acts for the whole people. Healone, from an exa
ted emnence surveys all the multitarous interests Of
ali sections and all classes, and feels, and thinks
and acts, for the common interest OF the whole.
He therefore, was wisely and Justly made compo-
enen and necessary ingredient in that legislative power
which was designed to elicit and enforce the will of the
people Of the States in the peculiar manner designated
and provided in the Constitution 1t was designed by
the constitution, to create Government by compact
among sovereign states whichshould maintain to GER
tain extent the independent sovereignty of those States
and give expression to their will as such, by means o
the Senate-whch should possess ssme features oil
Representative democracy eicing the Will OIL the peo
pie as such ofthe several States directly by means o
the Houseof representatives and also secure the repre-
sentaation of the combined viii of the majority of al the
feople of all the several States by of the Pres
dent Of the United States. BY thus combining all the
elements that entered into the compact, the trainers o.
the constitution hopedto give full and perfect express
sion to the will of all the parties to that compact This
object would have been but imperectly attained II the
President had been given voice in the enactment OF
laws which as national laws must act upon the whole
people, by requiring his appreciation before they could
become operative and permitting him the right OF with
holding his approval and signature
O. Because the power of dissent from the acts OF the
legislature snecessary to preserve the proper indepen
dence Of the Executive and to protect his constitutional
fights and functions against legislative violation or en-
eroachnent These were doubtless the primary objects
ofhe trainers of the Constitution in comforting upon the
President this suspensive check upon congressional ac
lfon They believed that an increase and assumption
opower to themselves and encroachment upon the dis
Ilnctve powers Of other Departments, was more to be
tared from the Legislature than the Executive Depart
mend Of Governments and experience has justified thel
SDprehension But they designed that each department
should in its own sphere be independent ofevery other
and alone responsible for the proper exercise OF its unc
ions and the performance Of its constitutional duties
10 secure this Independence and responsibility in the
Executive the protective power Of the Veto was necessa
eTye
Because the Veto power is necessary to protect
is weaker sections and interest the country, against
yolftons OF their rights by stronger Constituted in
4ihk sculiar manner that our whole government is, il
6hthappen and in Congressional history often has oc
r|Sd that combinations Of particular, sectional or par
Fi1tefests maybe formed making majority in both
houses OF Congress capable and corrupt enough TO leg,
ate at will orthe benefit Of their particular sectiona
afparty interest, while that majority may not repre-
sent either majority OF the people OF the ates oil the
productive interest or ofhe the wealth of the country
The Veto mower is here clearly necessary to protect the