Polynesian., 1844-07-27

command i'm the whole country, and the laws
arc not confined to regulating the conduct
of the citizens among themselves; but they
determine what ought to be observed by all
orders of people throughout the whole ex-
tent of the state"
"In virtue of this submission, the stran-
gers who commit a fault ought to be punished
according to the laws of the country. The
end of pains and penalties is to render the
laws respected, and to maintain order and
safety"
"From the same reason the disputes that
may arise between the strangers, or betwcen
a stranger and "A citizen, ought to be deter
mined by the Judge Of the place, and also,
according to the law Of the place; and
as the dispute properly arises from the retu-
sal of the defendant, who pretends not to
owe what is demanded of him, it follows
from the same. principle, that every defend
ant ought to be prosecuted before this Judge,
who alone has the right to restrain, or con-
denim him. The defendants Judge is the
Judge of the place where this defendant has
his domicil, or that of the place where the
defendant is, when any sudden difficulty
arises, providing it does not relate to an Es-
tate in land, or to a right annexed to such
an Estate. In this last case, as these pos
sessions ought to be enjoyed according to
the Laws of the country where they arc stu
ated, and as the right of granting such pos
sessions is vested in the superior of the coun-
try, the disputes relating to them can only
be decided in the state on which they de-
pend."-Vattel: Law Of Nations, b. 9, Oh.
8, s 1Ol, 1Oo.
during the residence of aliens amongst
us, they owe a local allegiance, and are
equally bound with natives to obey all gen.
eral laws for the maintenance Of peace, and
the preservation of order, and which do not
relate specially to our citizens. This is a
principle of justice and of public safety, uni
versally adopted; and if they are guilty of
any illegal act, or involved in disputes with
our citizens, or with each other, they are
amcnable to the ordinary tribunals Of the
country."-2 Kent, p. So.
Local allegiance is such as is due from
an alien, or stranger born, for so long a
time as he continues within the Kings do
minion and protection; and it ceases the in
slant such stranger transfers himself from
this kingdom to another. "-Bk. CON-, $40.
N~ATURALIzED PERSONS.
"By naturalization an alien is put exact
ly in the same state as if he had been born in
the Kings allegiance.'-1 BIZ. Conn.,. 374.
DECENTRALIZATION cancels all defects. and
and is allowed to have a retrospective ener-
gy which simple Denization has not."-Coke
on Lyttleton 1919. .
Naturalization is not, as Denization NAV
be, merely for time, but is absolutely for
ever."-Cro, Jac., $50.
"a person duly naturalized becomes enti-
tied to all the privileges and immunities of a
natural born subject" Sec Kent, 81.
In succeeding numbers l will adduce au-
thorlties to show what is Allegiance; it's ma
ture and extent; whether natural, temporary,
or sworn; how far a citizen or subject can
renounce his allegiance to his native sove-
reign; and whether the native country can
exercise any authority over its subjects resi-
ding permanently abroad. LlGAMEN.
HONOLULU, 18th July, 1914.
To THE EDIroR OF THE PoLYNEsIAN:-