Iowa territorial gazette and advertiser. [volume] (Burlington, Iowa Territory [Iowa]) 1840-1846, 1844-03-23

snp6ss, ~ithslAnd - app! mt may iav.
thesetolore sstaissd pre-enptie6 under for.
ner act, {msay e cur eitisess, = may hare re-
mark being plaeed in that s;tuatiea,) ana on this
motioR, we find 10 democrats and but wings,
voting in the firmative-while 20 wings, includ-
iag Mr.. CLAY, and not single democrat, voted
in the negative!
On the 18th, Mr.. Benton, moved 20 to amend
the bill as 10 girs the 10 per cent allowed to tAe
~er Sates, to the Territories Of Flerida, iowa,
sad Hiscossia; which motion, after some debate,
was decided in the negative BY : vote Of II to
26-le democrats and wing voting in the a.
fmative IS wings Including Mr.. CLAY)
and democrat voting in the negative!
And, again, on the 2ist, Mr.. Benton moved 10
amend the LIST section Of the bill by inserting, If
ter the word respectively" in the 18th line, the
following:
"Also, ten per centum to The TEhRIroxIEs Of
Florida, Wisconsin and Iowa, on the amounted
sales within their respective limits" n9ssa
These amendments, perhaps the most imper-
tant to the peop'e ofthis Territory, we've all vot-
ed down BY the wing Senate, the following being
the yeas and nays on the last proposition: o &
YEAS-Messrs. Allen, Benton, Clay.
af Alabama, Fulton. Linn. McRoberts.
Mouion, SEWER, 1alimadge, Tappan,
Walker, Woodbury., Wright and Young
IA: IS democrats 0Rd bui one schien
NAlS--Mes.rs. Archer, Bates, Der
rien, Choaso, CLAY, Of kentucky Clay. :.
ton, Dixon, Evans. Graham. Huntington.
Kerr, Mangum, Merrick, Miller, More
head, Phelps, Porter, Prensiss, Preston,
Simmons, Smith. Of Indiana, Southland !.
Wisile and Woodbridge 20. JAIL
WINGS
Herewe fnd the lose Of Mr.. Clay and the whig
Senators for the Territories! On simple amend
ment giving the Territories ten per cent. Of the
amount Of money received for lands sold within
their limits, being ne same per cent dloced to the
States BY the bi We find esery ,Oaig but one votins
agoinst 1t, and srery democrat for il. Will the
Hawkeye say That these votes Of Mr.. Clay'swsre
not hostile to DUR interests? al
Ali these amendments, be II remembered, rere
offered by the democrats and ,rere voted do,on BY the
srhigs, because, forsooth, they would make that
law too liberal to the settler, and to the Terrific
ries; and, We may now add, the pre-emption
clause to the bill was merely attached for the pur-
pose Of obtaining Western votes on bill that Mr..
Clay had endeavored to force through forsome
years. In 6ne, we know not Of more powerful
language with which to show that such is the
case than 10 quote from Mr.. McRoberts' speech
cs this bill. s
Mr.. MROBERTS said: 5ae
ssTo quiet the settlers on the public
lands, the bill proposes to grant pre-emp-
tons, and its fraudulent character is at
once perceived, the list Of impediments
thrown in the way Of prescriptions.
"lst. The prc-emption is refused, un-
less the land be surveyed before it was set
tied upon; thereby making the neglect or
inability of the Government to hasten the
surveys, the cause for this oppressive res
friction. The early and intrepid pioneer
is most entitled to the protection of the
Government Is it just to exclude the
first settlers from presumption, whether
they build their houses, plough their fields,
anu plant their corn, either before or alter
the land was surveyed? What difference
can survey make? The whole West
will be injured by this restriction. In h
linois, and other States, there are hundreds
and thousands Of citizens residing upon the
public lands which have not been sur
veyed. Sir, we have had counties or
ganized and thickly populated upoa the
public domain. And let me say further,
that no population upon this Garth is more
just, more upright, or more hospitable,
than that population. Honor, integrity,
and chivalry are their birthright. The
whole Of the denunoiations of the settlers
upon the public lands are only evidence Of
the ignorance Of the men who make them.
The restriction is oppressive, and violates
every presumption law from 1919 to this
day.
''2d A prc-cmption is denied in all
cases where the party has three hundred
and twenty acres Of land in any State or
Territory. An cmigrant for the West
my leave three hundred and twenty acres
on this side Of tho mountains which arc
too poor to furnish him a support, and
which he cannot sell, or he may have mill
tary land in the Southwest which is inun-
d.de..o or not fit for cultivation. In both
cases he n,.,st sacrifice his land, or lcsc a
pre-emption unoSr this bill.
''3d. tits refused when the party leaves
his own land to reside upon the public
land. An individual may have but forty
acres where he resides, or he may own but
q house and lot in town, and his removal
may be dictated BY duty to his family; or
his homestead may be without timber, or
water, or prove to be unhealthy, BY which
he may be forced to seek new residence
yet this bill has no bowels of compass
sion; such man il absolutely prohibited
upon any terms from obtaining pre-cmp-
ton.
18th. Ifthere be mines Of coal or other
mineral . presumption is refused; q res
friction never before inserted in any pre-
emption law, so far as coal is concerned.
18th. 1t refuses to increase or diminish
the distributive shares to the States; &C
cording to the census to be taken under
their own laws, by which the new States
will lose oil that will be due to them for
their imraease increase Of population for
the next ten years.
"In the last ten years the new States
and Territories increased about three hum
L