The New York herald., 1844-11-14
NEW YORK HERALD.

Z
Highly Important from ashington-s1ove-
n,ents OF the Administration during the
Approaching Congress.
We have received some intelligence from prl-
vate correspondents at Washington OF rather an
interesting character, relative TO some important
movements which are contemplated by the present
administration, growing out of the recent elec-
tions throughout the country, and the verdict
of the people on the questions at issue before
them.
The President has been at Washington for some
lime past, and we understand that on Saturday last,
Mr. Calhoun, the Secretary of State, returned to
his post grand movement is now contemplated
by the President and Mr.. Calhoun, which Will be
first broken IN the next message to Congress, and
which those gentlemen IN connexion with the
other members of the administration, are now ma.
turing in all its most importantpolnts. This move
ment may be regarded as Tyler Calhoun move
ment, embracing plan for the organization OF the
democratic party in Congress- during the next ses-
sion, on those principles which have received the
appreciation of the people at the recent elections;
and also looking forward to the accession of Mr..
Polk, and the creation of set of influences, and
peculiarly OF position, to which he will be under
the necessity of submitting during his Presidency,
In furtherance OF those views learn that the
President and Secretary OF State consider the
election Of Mr. Polk and defeat of Mr.. Clay as
direct approval by the people Of the United States
OF all the measures both domestic and forei3n,
with which they may be identified during their
possession of power. In particular, MIR. Tyler be-
lieves that to him and his friends, in great mea-
sure, Mr. Polk is indebted for his election Ac-
cordngly, the recent treaty for the annexation OF
Texas, rejected by the Senate-the treaty OF COM
merce with the Zoll-Verein, also rejected by the
Senate are considered to have been approved by the
decision of the people in this election and they will
be renewed at the next session of Congress, and
placed before the Senate in some shape or other.
Indeed, in relation to Texas, 1t may be question
whether the whole subject will not be brought up
again and placed once before both Houses of Con-
gress 1t the purpose ofthe administration to remo
del all the commercial negotiations with foreign ma
tions particularly with all those in Europe or other
parts of the world that may be rivals with England
The Zoll-Vere treaty, therefore, is merely the be-
ginning of series of negotiations found
ed on the same principles which will embrace the
whole commercial world, with the exception of
England, with whom it is supposed treaty can
be formed. In the event of any collision taking
place with England growing out of the annexation
of Texas, or taking possession Of the Oregon ter
rtory, it is believed by Mr. Calhoun that the break
ing up OF the cotton trade OF the South with
England, which might be injured thereby in the
estimation of some, would still be placed in nearly
a similar position in connection with the manuiac-
turers OF the East, provided we had treaties with
all other commercial countries, and thereby could
take the position Of England relation to the cot
ton trade of the world.
Another subject Of great importance will also be
before the cabinet, and that is what is to be done
or said about the tariff in the next message? And
also on other questions, what will be said We
have every reason to believe that a new plan for
the modification of the tariff will be proposed on
somewhat similar principle, to those of Mr. Clay s
famous :" Compromise Bill" 1t may perhaps be
proposed that uniform duty Of l7t or 20per cent
may be laid on all foreign commodities, to come
into operation in six months or year, in the place
OF the present tariff, and it is supposed that tariff
of this description would be sufficient to meet all
the expenditures of the government, pay the pre-
sent public debt, and be sufficiently protective to
American manufactures. The present debt is about
twenty-five millions. The surplus revenue now in
the banks, growing out of the present tariff, is
about eleven or twelve miions-neary one half
of the debt. The whole of the debt is not due for
fourteen years. If, therefore, surplus revenue
amounting TO only two millions a year TO meet
these payments accrued, from reduced tariff, 1t
would be quite sufficient to meet all the purpo-
ses of the debt, and meet also the expenditures of
the government.
There is another important point that will also be
brought before Congress- and that is a complete re-
form OF the financial system Of the government.
It's well known that on the subject of finance and
currency, Mr. Calhoun entertains peculiar views,
some very important, and others not so much So
We should not, therefore, be at all surprised 10
see the recent fiscal agent" proposed by the Pre-
sldent, brought forward with some important mo-
dlfcatiens, and some financial system founded on
PRINCIPLES of the soundest political science, and
calculated to keep the present banking system in
check, to as great an extent and more safely than
II could be done by National Bank. What this
plan may be, we have not heard and cannot divine,
but we have no doubt something of the kind will
be proposed.
Otner reforms will be proposed at the opening OF
Congress, probably amongst them reduction OF
the ost Olhce rates-a reform and modification
of the naval system-and the introduction of steam
lines TO Europe In the manner attempted by France
and England The most important movements OF
the administration, however, will be developed on
the opening OF the next session Of Congress- and will
undoubtedly have reference to revival of the
gotiations for the annexation Of Texas and an ef-
fort 10 modify the tariff and bring down the duties
10 IL, 20, or p per cent. In the House Of Repre-
scntatves Mr.. Calhoun will, without doubt re.orga.
nlze the democratic party on the principles decided
upon by the people in the recent election, and SO
will form and shape every thing, almost to COM
pei Mr.. Polk, when he reaches The White House,
the 4th of March next, to assume all the ground
that they have prepared for him, with the addi-
iiona assumption of Mr. Calhoun In the Cabinet
itself If this should be the case, the ascendancy
OF the South Carolina statesman with all his views,
will be placed beyond the possibility of doubt