Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1844-05-23

the inequalities in the principles and effects Of the
navigation system.
1--WE consume British manufactures TO double |
the omount Of what Great Britain takes from us. |
and quadrup!e the amount Of what she actually |
consumes.
ave take every thing after it has undergone |
all the profitable abour that can be bestowed on |
it. She receives in return, raw materials, the |
food Of her industry. We send necessaries to her.
She sends smpt,fluiiies to us. We admit everv
Ming she pleases to send us, whether Of her own,
or alien production. She refuses not only our
manufactures, but the articles We wish most 10
send her-our wheat and aonr-our fish and our
sailed provisions. These constitute our best sta-
pies for expectation, "a her manufactures consti-
tute hers"
Again he said" As to the discrimination pro-
posed, between nations having and not having
commercial treaties with us, the principle was
embraced by the laws Of most If not all the
States, while the regulation Of trade was in their
hands.
cit had the repeated sanction Of votes in the
House Of Representatives during the session Of
the present Government at New York."
lie then proceeded to shew the effect of the
system of duties he proposed on Great Britain:
" Her merchants would feel it. Her navigation
would feel it. Her manufactures would feel it.
Her West Indies would be ruined by it. Her re.
venue would deeply feel it. Aud her Govern
ment would feel i, through every nerve of her
operations"
| This speech Of Mr.. Madison is very volumi-
nous, embracing 40 pages Octave, and may be
found in the Appendix 10 Doc. $50 of Cd SEES.
9th Con. p. ia.
MIR. Madison's views very zealousiy OPP
| posed by Mr.. Smith Of South Carolina, a free
trade man, who took the same grounds, (except
that he expressed no doubt on the constitutional
question,) with those now occupied by the anti
tariff party.
| We have room for only one or two passages
from his spesch-aiter insisting that prohibitions
| would compel cur citizens to "pay dearer for
| Their SUPPLY and that they would sustain a po-
si'ive expense, to support not their own industry
and manufactures, but those of other countries,
| MIR. Smith said:
The same effect would happen in the case of
addi,ional duties: they would either exclude the
articles of the countries upon which they were
'aid' and operate as prohibition, OF if they did
not, they would tend 10 raise HE prices Of oil ari-
cts of he same kind. from ,rhaierer couniry
oTouyM. Those who import the highly duted
articles, would endeavour to incorporate The duiy
'cim the price, because they could not afford to do
otherwise. The importers from the other coun-
'ries, would take advantage of this circumstance,
to increase their profit, and would add proportion
! ally TO the price o. their commodities"
Mr.. Madison shortly afterwards transmitted a
copy OF his speech, and of Mr.. Smiths, TO Mr..
Jefferson, who had resigned the Office of Secreta.
ny of State, and was then living in retirement.
On the Bird of April 1894, Mr.. Jefferson wrote
to Mr. Madison as follows:
! have been particularly gratifed by the re-
ceipt OF the papers containing yours and Smith s
discussion of your regulating propositions
These debates had not been seen here bu, in a
very short and mutated FORM ! am at no loss
10 ascribe Smiths Speech to lis true fafher.-
Every title of it is llAMILroN's, except the intro.
duction. There Is scarcely any thing there,
which have not heard from him in our various
private, though official discussions. The very
turn o. the arguments is the same and others
VIII see, as well myself, that the style is Ha-
'niltons. The soPHIsrRy IS too fine, too fngeni-
Gus, epen IN hare been comprehsnded Jy Smith much
less ds ri'ed Dy him. His reply shows he did not
understand his first speech, its general inferio-
Tlty proves its legitimacy, as evidently as il does
| the bastardy OF the original. You know we un-
derstood that HAMILTON had prepared a COUNTER
REPORT, and that some of his humble servants in
The Senate, were 10 move reference 10 him, in
order 10 produce it. But suppose they tbouuh,
! IL would have better effect 1T FIRED ory IN THE
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. l find tho report,
however, SO fully justified, that the anxieiies
with which l left it, are perfectly quie.ed. In
ms quarter. I'LL ESPOUSE y0ur propo.itions
'o'h 0rdor, and ,riLhout a dissenting voice."
The nature of Mr.. Madison's propositions
which were thus so warmly approved by Mr. JEFF
ferson, have been already explained by extracts
from his speech. They embraced the principle of
hIgh dulles, mi Jor reDenue, but in many in.
'''"ees P,WHofVy, 80 as 10 preclude all idea of
revenue. They looked to the balance of trade,
against us, and the want of reciprocity in the re-
iations between foreign countries and our own,
and they sought TO remedy it by counfervaiIing
duties and prohibii,ons. But il duties are to be
levied exclusively ,cih vie,U to revenue, according
TO Mr.. Rtchie's pretensions, what becomes of ali
these propositions and the principles on which
! they are basedl
| But we find we cannot conclude the subject in
! our present number and we must therefore defer
the residue of the evidence in regard to Mr.. JEFF
| ierson's opinions to another dav