The Cadiz sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 184?-1851, 1844-07-24

similar purposes. The State OF Tennessee,
through her Legislature, has repeatedly declared
her settled opinions against the existence of such
an institution, and at no time in its favor. She
has instructed her Senators and requested her
Representatives in Congress to vote against the |
establishment oi such an institution In these
opinions, heretofore expressed by the State, en-
tirely concur.
Taratioa for the purpose of Distribution aneOn-
stiiational.
Of the same character is the power which at
some time has been attempted TO be exercised
By the Federal Government, of first collecting, by
taxation on the people, a surplus revenue beyond
/ the wants of that government, and then disrlbu-
/ ting such surplus, in the shape of donations, a
mong the States; power which has not been
conferred on that government by any express
grant, nor is it an incident TO any express power,
necessary and proper for its execution. To
concede such power, would be 10 make the Fed
eral Government the tax gatherer OF the States,
and accusiom them 70 lock 30 that source t:c!1i
which TO supply the State Treasures, and 10 de-
! fray the expenses of the State Government 1t
| is clear that this constituted no one of the OBJ
iects of the creation of the Federal Government
and TO permit its exercise would be TO reduce the
States to the degraded condition of subordinate
dependencies upon that government, to destroy
their separate and independent sovereignty, and
TO make the government of the Union TO effect
consolidation. The power to make provisions
for the support of its own government by the levy
of the necessary taxes upon lis own citizens, and
the adoption of such measures Of policy for its
internal government, not inconsistent with the
federal constitution, as may be deemed proper
and expedient, ''rcmains to each State, among
Its domestic and unalienated powers, exercisable
within itself, g. by its domestic authorities alone"
A surplus federal revenue, raised by means of
a tariff of duties must necessarily be collected in
unequal proportions from the people Of the res
Ipectiye States. The planting and producing
States must bear the larger portion of the bur-
den. 1t was this inequality which has heretofore
given rise to the just complaints of these States,
as also of the commercial interests, against the
Operations of high and protective tariff If the
proceeds of the sales of the public lands be set
!, apart for distribution among the States, as has
been at some times proposed, the operation and
effect would be the same for, by abstractng from
the Federal Treasury, the proceeds Of the sales
of the public lands, necessity is thereby created
for an increased tariff in the amount thus absrac-
ted. To collect a surplus revenue by unequal
taxation, and then to return to the people, by a
= distribution among the States, their own money,
in sums diminished by the amount of the cost OF
I collection and distribution, aside from its mani
fest injustice, as power which it could never
= have been intended to confer on the Federal
: Government.
When, from the unforeseen operation of the
revenue laws of the United States, surplus at
any time exists, or is likely to exist in the fedora
treasury, the true remedy is, to reduce or to re-
peal the taxes so as to collect no more money
than shall be absolutely necessary for The econom
: ical wants Of that government, and thus leave
: what would otherwise be surplus uncoIlected III
the pockets of the people.
' The compromise Of the Constitution on the su!jcc
, of SIapery.
; The institution of domestic slavery, as it exis
ted at the adoption of the Constitution ofthe Uni
ted States. and as it still exists in some of the
, States, formed the subject of one Of the compro
misses Of opinion and of interest, upon the settle
! ment of which all the old States became parties
to the compact, and agreed to enter into the u
Mon. The new States were admitted into the
Union upon an equal footing with the old States
aud are equally bound by the terms of the com
IJiCl 1Alll dltCLIlJl VA l'ulL VI lllS SNSiu
, Government to act upon the sub bject of slavery
as it exists within the States, would be a clear
: 5IinIraction of the Constitution; and to disturb il
within the District Of Columbia would be pal
; pable violation of the public faith, as well as O
, the clear meaning and obvious intention Of the
framers of the Constitution. They intended tC
leave, and they did in fact leave, to the exclusive
regulation and action of the States and TerrIto
, ries within which slavery existed or might exist
They intended to place, it beyond the pale Of ac
ton within the constitutional power Of the Fed
! eral Government. No power has been conferred
, upon the Federal Government, either by express
. grant or necessary implication, to take cognzanct
OF, in any manner or 10 any extent, to Interfere
= with, or TO act upon the subject of domestic sla
y very the existence Of which in many of the State
is expressly recognized by the Constitution 0
: the United States.
c Pledge as to the Administration Of the Stat
V Government.
Il shall most cheerfully cooperate with the leg
= islatve and judicial departments of the State Gov
" crnment, by all the constitutional and legalmean
u within the competency of the Executive, i'll thei
IS efforts to confne the action of the State within
II proper limits, and to resist the encroachments G
Il the Federal Government upon her reserved right
Al of sovereignty.
n shall as cheerlully cooperate with them /
e all such measures as shall be calculated TO insur
7r economy in the expenditures Of the State Coy
t. eminent, strict accountability on the part of pull
lie officers, the promotion of virtue the suppres
sion of crime, and the developement of tn
>, wealth, the resources, and the energies Of tn
. State.
d Desire Of a sound Currency.
70 The preservation of public credit, and of
N sound currency in the State, will undoubtedly b
n among our highest duties, 1t is a prevailing e.
k. ror to suppose that multiplication of banks, an
,e an excessive issue of paper circulation, can az