Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1844-02-13

sss wr,,I.,,on !, received, principally through ''e
,ge,cv If his own political friends, N III;
Pa, Sir from considerations winch, d""ol NO.
ara 'o;c'en, /, Justify his course to his own m'n"
- 100 f,o,, his seat in thIs body, and was NJ,
ha,a ,,hsr rho Tariff bill of iol2 was passed H"u
rsrrei to say. thai have lately seen p"o'S".u
| ,,r from him. (Which, III It's general p''oe',e' -;
| c,, aooo,a, with my views at pnClic Poi,oy
nd nh. ;usics) concluding with the op'noh' 'n''
49,; 49,, f 1872 IS n vcty good measure upon VI.
uho,o ,b,, h. has not examined IL tii"ton9his' wv
| thinks lin, some Sigh, notifications m,gh' ue Ut
,hch ha ia no, prepared to po'nt out wth'n' '"'
examination Now, SIR, Ike the t,xt '' ~ =.
49, ! o,,no, onnrn,e oi tbs practical co'hthfn'''J'
IT. cnar leads directly 10 the restitution oil the GU"
- ,c, and To the overthrow Of that lo'"ie
ns,.r the nc Of iSi,!!, which as snppau'eo H. nv
,ola,ad ., G l,mn pledges. But, Sir, II seems ~
a. a,.,, of samc Senator's tina; that monument ="
n,,,o,,c comuromse and conchatIon should ce s'''N
r. co,.- fro u the salute book: aud that lhe ''e,''!
r :, :. ,ss,;,la should vanish from the minus VI Wv
nresan, ycneraon. The Tariff OF Isl. Is CRY ''''',
I'll ad,o,ed 10 erc, this object That measure, no
d,uh, occupies distinguished place IN the she'
or ,Ln Senator from Name, (Alr. Evans) lie ia" o.
-, a",,a, and Influential agency in IT'S passage
n,esume as i, is called revenue law IL was
! 10 The Committee on Finance, over which ne y -;
with so much dist nct"n. tie pears, 'hei''o'' ,h
some sort, a parental relation u II, ana a' M
surnrscd al tins strong sentiment OF rega,c ~ ,a
~ h., senator IL IS well known that, OF all the se"
,mno,s of the human heart, that winch attaches va
rent 10 his offspring is the strongest hu'' NV,
standing all thus, shouf have hoped taa' ''e 60"
tor frofn Maine IN the spirit OF me n'''u" y 800,
vb, ofi ,ed his son for :he violated laws {" ms e""'
| 49,, ,ynnld have hem pre- pared 10 make sm'iar "i-
| s,riny hut for aaother sentiment, sun su'"s ~
Inn, +, which | have alluded :: II is ms ~ w
intensity of a parents airction IS 'nciea'e'' ,
Of being diminished by those very oei''Ih'es, p"s
sic,I and moral winch excite the horror VI e'e
80 hodv else Under the influence oil tns Two
| fold sentiment, do not wonder ihat lhe w %
from Name should be very unwilling u iiAe W. ~
ye,l " hch covers this gigantic infant IN 'ne ci',e
expose lis horrible dei"rmes bn'' as we "..a
presented proposes TO cutt,il these foul ceiof"''e
,yh,ct hst Senator no doubt regards "a iat Pf"Po
tons"-I proceed to exam m and inspect h'S 'I'o
o;n,;,r And what ~ i, tu; one OF those moral mon
s,eIs .h;oh had their origin IN The genus VI ,'o" I
aut quiiy--in head and face, man; oo"y anu "'''
| fish .as;,r
II 10 entitled m net To pro-idc revenue by imposing
dutes on mpo,t. f.sehood and dece tion stamped On
the very front Of H. bill 10 pr0riae Teet""e' w.
laws an average duty of 100 per cent on sever. u
scripons of imports that wonia come 'h'o s Under
States to the amount of Sl0000,0O0 annuity, u"oe'
revennc dulv of 30 per cent but which are n'" W
tally excluded BY these enormous duties "''' n.y.
ota details bu, State generally, that the duties on WIN
dow c,ass range from "a II LIS per cent ihah'he ."
averoue of more Than $50 per cent on all drsor'pons
that the duties on many varieties oil mau''1'u'e No.
embrncop RIOS; OF the tools and implements necessarily
used on every farm and plantation W 'i'e count ~
from - t, 100 per aud more ad vaorem Una, ,i
dn,v on raw ron al article in universal use, is "a
nor cent that the duty on ail those cotton ihahu'"c
,n,es which come under the minimum principle OF va
lno,on land which would be imported annually 10 the
oonnt Of len or fifteen millions of dollars under re-
venue duty of 20 per cent iange from OO 10 lou per
cent; their true value; that the duty on sailah ar
,;c!a of universal USE consumed IN almost equal guam
t,ias By the rich and poor, aud extensively consumed
nv every farmer not only for family purposes put Ten
times more extensively Tor his live siook-is cents
per bushe Uhe article costing only or cents III LII
verpool) equal to 1884 fer cent on The original cost.
Now Sir, having adveriei IN the prominent features
Of the existing Tariff propose u submit to the con-
slderaton Of the Senate, general views WIN re-
yard TO the character aud extent OF Inc revenue
powers of this Governments and II IS not only prac-
teal question Of expsdIency, bat pfactica ques'o"
of constitutional power addressing tseli 10 the con
science and Judgment OF every member OF THIS body
What, then, is the extent and The limitation Of INC
mower conferred by that clause winch authorizes Con-
oress 10 raise revenue by The imposition oil duues: ~
bill il re ported from the COMMITTEE on Finance, and
the title is "a bill provide revenue for The support
of the Government To ascertain whether the OH
itself conforms to The title, ask what is the line which
distinguishes revenue from protective duties; Is u
practicable To draw such line OF discrimination WIN
sufficient dstinctneGs 10 render II oil any snosah''a
,,l,v, | think It 49, SIR; aud shall now endearo'
IN nfesent 10 the Senate rule on thus subject, wnicn
think ercry me mber w,ll admit 10 be true IN the ao-
strac whatever may be the difficulty IN 't7 Pactcai
application.
hold. Then, Mr. President, that under the power
or impcsnr duties revenue, there is ths IL
mi alton imposed not only by the Constitution, but
by very cons eralion Of sound policy; and II II aP-
niles to one article imported il equally apPliest' every
other The rule IS this revenue duty must be the
lowe s, possible duty that will yield the largest, or Inc
required amount of revenue repeal the proposition,
Sir land ask the attention of the Senate II ~ tina;
revenue duty should be the lowest possible rate oi I'M
poston that would yield revenue required To support
the Government. will illustrate this view. Every
Senator knows that any duty, however small 's 10
certain extent, prohbilory duty II you lay duty
OF 10 per cent excludes very Considerable amount
Of imports II yon lay duty OF ~ per cent, II ex-
cIudes still more and on progressively, u you
reach the pom. Of total prohibition. Nov, SIR, WI
suppnse las believe The truth {" be) that duty OF ~
per cent, on cotton goods viii yield rs much revenue
~ any hisher duy 10 be epeciic, will 'sume
That under n revenue duty OF ~ per cent on foreign
Manufactured cottos the amount OF ~ millions would
be imported into the United States, on which duty O;
20 per cent would yield revenue 10 The Government
of four millions of dollars; and that every Senator shall
be satisfied that duty of 10 per cent would yield pre-
cseiy the same amount vi revenue and no more, pro-
hibtng half the imports that would come IN II The du
" were only 20 per cent.
Now ask the Senate which az these ia the true re
venue duty--that OF 20 per cenun,, yielding four mil
lions of revenue that of 40 per cent yielding the
same amount Of revenue, and Imposing Goable tac
amour, Of burdens on the people, 1t seems 10 me I'M
possibc that any huGan nlnd can hesitate between 'he
two duties II is selfevident, on the supposed hypo
thesis that 20 of the 40 per cent, duty conld bo imposed
with no other design cerninly with no other effect Than
to levy contribution CT 90 per cent on the mass OF
the people, to supply protective bounty oil 70 pei
cent. the manufactures
But have conceded too much in the above hypo-
Thesis for every practical merchant w' sustain The as
seror That 20 per cent will yield more revenue Than
40 But what do you saw, sir 10 that iniense and III
calculab!e amount Of manufactures consumed primes
pav by the middle and poorer classes OF The people {"
The United States, upon which the duty IS not merely
10 bu 70, So 100 100, $50 per cent SIR, ii is worth
while 10 explain, lutte in detail, The t:ne character
Of the law which exhibits fair and yet 50 false front
promising revenue and producing prohibition large
proportion of prints and caicoes consumed IN the
United Safes aud Of which every female of The mid
die and poorer classes consumer cost, IN Manches
Ter from to ~ cents per yard but they are charged
with duties OF from Is TO $50 per cent ny The ingenious
confluence Of IA artificial and false valuation These
articles are used by the wives and daughters of every
farmer planter aud labn5er IN the United States, who
have no false pride prevent and it difficult to es
mate the immense quantity which would be imported
and consumed und,r a moderate duty Bnt when these
articles come TO the customhouee, the importer is RI
/ ~ hair aost.