The Yazoo City Whig and political register. (Yazoo City, Miss.) 1842-1844, 1844-05-10

country. that "DecemberIs as pleasant as May.o
Now the vast herds OF beasts, wild and doInes.
tic, instead of roaming over frozen and desolats
hills, or fields of ice and snew-driven BY the
bowling tempest from side 10 side. or shiYering in
the chilling cavern or frozen stall, believing and 4
bowling for protection against Nature's hard fare;
are seen throughout this herbous and delightful
region in herds innumerable, ranging promiscous-
ly from river to river and from Hill to dale crop.
ing the inexhaustible and spontaneous vegetation
and in the loudes strains Of natural language, re-
joicing in Natures happy DEGREES.
need not remark that, grazing country,
it cannot be surpassed; the facts above stated i
clearly establish this. The whole country is lite
rally covered with immense herds Of cattle and I
horses. The farmers have generally from loco /
to 10000 head of cattle, and usually as many hor-
ses. Cattle are usually worth from ] to dol |
lars per head, horses from 10 10 dollars per head
In many parts of the country, any person who has
no cattle, wishing to procure beef is at liberty to
kill as many cattle as he peaBes without regard
to owners, provided he delivers the hide to the
ewner. The ownership is determined by the
brand or mark which is found upon them; If no
brand mark can he found. whatever proof
may be offered il belongs, hide and all, TO him
who killed it, and he cannot be compelled TO COM
pensate the owner. Cattle are generally raised
here merely for the hides. In numerous instan-
ces. thousands Of cattle have been Killed merely
for the hides. They are driven latterly, in great
numbers, TO Oregon; several thousands were dTi-
ven last spring. Many thousands of horses have,
upon various occasions, been killed, because of
the country being overlooked. Both the cattle
and horses OF this country of excellent spe-
cies. Sheep and hogs are raised in great num-
bers in many parts Of the country; they produce
their young twice annually.
] The greatest abundance Of game is found in this
country, especially the elk, deer, antelope, bears,
wolves. foxes, martins. beavers, muskEats. seals
and raccoons. In travelling through the valleys
of this country | have Frequently seen many
thousands Of elk at view. The antelopes are
equally numerous. During the winter season, the
bays, rivers. and even the wheat fields and low
lands throughout the whole country are literally
covered with geese, ducks, and various other wa
ter fowls. Here they have congregated from the
whole northern country, and their croaking,
squeaking and tapping Of wings is incessant, and
in many pacesyery annoying.
There are various rivers Of very censde lie
importance in the country, the largest of which
is the Sacramento, 1t is probably nayigabe about
300 miles without obstruction, and may be render
ed navigable to much greater extent, with We
ry little expense. OF the others there the Rus
sian River, aud several others, which may be rem
derd navigable. All the rivers and BAYS Of this
country abound with fish of the very best kinds,
among which are the salmon. There are seve raj
of the salmon. trout. sturgeon, cod, carp, sole,
founders, herring and ray Shell fsh are else
found in great abundance, such clans, oysters
and muscles. The oysters are Of excellent
kind.
: The commercial advantages Of California are
not surpassed 4nB Day OF 81. Francisco LOT 6A
tent of anchorage and security of harbor is unpaT
, alleled. II has been we'll said, that in that Bay
call the navies of the world could ride in psrfec
, safety" Besides this, there several bays al
fording very connections and safe anchorage
those tor instance of Monterey, ST. Diego and Bo
s diego. AT each of these bays towns have beer
: commenced. Monterey is theseat Of Government
. y erba Bnena, near the entrance of the Bay of s.
Francisco, is a hourishing little town. At sem,
point on that bay is destined, at no very distan
. day. to be great commercial city.
}, The population of Upper California is abou
\ seven or eight thousand, about two-hTds of whom
! are native Indians; the other poriions composed
of Spaniards, or Mexicans, las they call them
IS selves.) negroes, and mixture of every color
description and grade. With the exception of tht
4 foreigners, the whole population is IN deplora
Bile state Of ignorance. The only knewledg
: which they possess, civil, political, or religious
/ they derive from the Roman Catholic clergy, VIII
: are generally learned and intelligent bur tn
|. most disseuie and abandoned characters of til
e whole community. There are about four or fv
/ huAdred foreigners in California, who are nov
Il very well treated, with very few exceptions
: Formerly they were very lily treated; 30 or 40 c
7 them were taken prisoners and sent in irons t
: the city Of Mexico, were they were releaseo.-
e This occurred in the year $40. The only pre-
II tence for this treatment that the foreigner
e were suspected of entertaining some revolution
n airy designs. Some of them have received rePs
:, ration, others have not. In reference to This ma
: ter, eur citizens there consider themselves niue
neglected by our Government.
am informed that there is some doubt ente
y tanned by citizens, in reference TO foreigne
= being able to obtain lands in California. All 70
~ eigners obtain lands in that country by becomn
y citizens. 1t is true il s optional with the govern
II ment TO grant lands, or not, to any person, VIII
ae Their foreigners native-boTn citizens; but the
a. never has been an instance as yet of foreign
- having been refused lands after having beceu
~ - citizen. Iapplied to the Governor fer land
u he informed me that, upon becoming citizen,
could obtain the tract of land for which apple
- The Governor further remarked, that the Cover
~ ment was DESTROYS to hold out every induceme
to foreigners to emigrate Califol MIA, especial
- men of families; that all could obtain lands up
20 becoming citizens. No obiestion, however,
. made to foreigners taking possession Of whatev
lily lands they prefer, without any application to
pm Government. All of those who went to Calif'
ne MIA with me are now settled in that manner; III
bis will eventually apply to the Government.
the An order was issued by the Mexican GeveI
bly, ment which req uired the Immediate expulsion
leTs all American born citizens from California, 4
tul Mexican Government insists that that order "
ing intended only 20 apply to disorderly persons,
the whatever nation. But whatever the puEport
be the order may have been, it il now abrogated
ere This will be seen by reference TO the corTesps
can dence of our Minister in Mexico.
1les III conclusion, will remark that there is
son county in the world that'oHers as fattefipg
PM dueements 70 emigrants % Upper California s.
uTe is there country, in my opinion, on the face
ect globe, SO eminently calculated BY Nature herr
eta to promote the prosperity and huppness Of civil
this cd and enlightened man. A PIONEER