Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1844-09-06

and his principles is both opposite and oppor-
tune" The impoSt power as we'll rs the grant
Of the power 10 regulate trade, are means Tor etds
In their exercise, made in good faith for legitimate
use incidental effects must follow the primary OBJ
ject. To The extent of the impost, internal pro-
duciion has the advantage in competition with
all external commerce. This is legitimate and
within the range of the delegated powers. Eeve-
nue. is the princPal--rroleclon an incidental con
>cGucnce-tollowin" from necessity, and hy una
voldahle result. The power was granted ior re-
venue; and 70 this grant (and The Necessity for it,
do owe our whole constitutional structure; for
had two Withholding States coded the power. n
two periods Of our history, QrIor to the breaking
out ot The French Rcvoluiion) we should have
had no Constitution. Revenue bills must origi-
nate in the House OF Representatives. Ii is this,
which gives them their distinctive character. Pro-
lection is the counterfeit oircvenue 1t makes the
subordinate effect, The primary function OF the
Constitution Il breaks down all the yuar!>,
which have been wisely planted in orr system,
to secure equality and prevent oppression, par
TALLY and injustice. And il ihrusi> aside That
uniformity both III name and substance which
the Constitution requires as the pledge. that cx-
actions from one quarter shall not he bountcs for
another. Such were the opinions of Mr. Aiadi-
son: and whether expressed in reference Ia The
abuse or usurpation 81 power, they conducted him
10 the same conclu>on-"Tha there NAV he
abuses enormous a. Ia strike al the foundation
oil the social compact it>elt and 10 justify n GisSo
luton oi it," He has lcil one token III hi. Cpl
Mons recorded on his own tall column OF renown
This Report upon the Virginia Resolutions OF %.
10 which | ask Your attention. ailude Ia his
clear and emphatic dcnunciaon Of The dogma adj
vanccd by Mr. Hamilton, in his report on manu-
features the 9TH Of December, l19l and which
claimed The power 10 promote manufactures BIZ
bounties upon production from the Federal irct-
sure. The Federal treasure is The fruit OF the inn
post power ! ask any candid mind TO di>crmi-
nac between that unconstitutional uSurpalion.
which /, denounced, against the application Of
the money-prodnct Of the mpo>t power 10 The
protection oil manufactures. and the employment,
of The npost power itself directly for The same
purpose Yet this dogma Of Mr. Hamilton: the
leading lesson Eculcated on the disciples Of the
new well Il the old School of Federalism. was
alike denounced by Madison and bv jefferson. as
uprooiihg our whole Federal Structure and con-
vc,lna lis free system into "A masked monarchy !
melting down, in Mr. .Jei!crsonS words. the ihir
teen states into one consolidated mas amt M (
gosae an as. hg c0AayUcf,oA, n GoyEgSAiENT oF /
UNLIMITED POWERS: IA form Of Government to /
which We are rapidly tending, and from which /
nothing in my opinion can now save Us hui (
sincere and thorough change, from sincere /
and thorough conviction O! error. There has
no; been an hour since the year 1919 (in /
orr Federal councils.) in which The high Ia
riii and broad construction parry have been with
on a majority in both houses Of Congress
That majority is the parent of the American
system = and its chosen champion is expected
quickly To- become the peoples 'auonted.' But
OF that the people have yet a word 10 say. The
>eGuenl Of this American System is ALREADY sha-
dowcl and practi>cd 10 the hope: and in the Pre-
4.tstu L.. ,Ia nayf f,nr
temptation To the vcnial and corrupt frailties Of
humanity hundred millions of money in direct +
dis.rr>cmeut--al the Offices within the Executive |
aiit-a qualification ot every hope for gain. in !
hountcs through Tariffs and Distrbulon--and |
IL all mankind are prone To ovcrrate their good /
fortune .oaiin. expectation will act under de-
ceplious hopes, until the hour Of disappointment |
comes.
Passing from this 10 another point in view, | !
can find nolhing 10 justify the claim ci Mr.. JET I
icrson', opinions 10 sanction the Tariff. Ills re.
port of 1888. and Mr.. NiadiSon> resolutions Of
Iahuarv 1871. contemplated other mcar' for
other objects. than those within The scope oil the
imclicGR System" The American Revolution
WAS the shock ot paralysis 10 The arrogance OF
England Under This influence her Chancellor
oil the Eychoquer reported bill for our CONNER
cial Intercourse in March, 1888, ON he mos,
enlarged principles ol reciprocal benefit to both /
countries This bill sunk under the opposite
scheme from Lord Sheffield Mr.. .lcilcrSon's /
report AID Mr.. Madison> resolutions were rcta-
iatory restrictions, Tor The vndication Of our com /
mcrcial rights. Their marimnm of restrictive |
duties did hot exceed ten or fifteen per cent. And |
it is remarkable of those resolutions, TIA, the
leading historian of the times Judge MaIshalD |
adopts the remark of a prominent debater. (Mr. |
Tracy who said, The primary motive Of tacsc
= resolutions as acknowledged rs their defenders,
" i hot the increase vi orr agriculture. inanui"c-
lurc>.a &c. "but la humble Great Britain.
Sc. The opinions OF Mr. Jefferson neither ragu,-
Is uttered non ahs,racily intended are no LONGER
crct. They are in possession ui > ell and directly
upon the question now before u. Lis earlier OPP
Mons are KEown 10 have been hostile Ia maEU:ac-
lures from their socia moral and political inlncn-
eos. Agriculture was, i'll his view, the pursuit o!
rrtue-in which the spontaneous energies ii the
earth. combined their bcnciaction with the industry
ot man-and in his letters from Europe 10 Mr..
Madison and Mr.. .Jav, he insisted that next TO
agriculture = erection should he given our sur
plus Labor to the tolls and peris OF the ocean *
NOR" congenal with orr institutions. His letter
10 Mr.. Austin j. quoted a. indicating an :ihan.
donmcptoE his free tIade opinions Hut ! can
iui III that letter nothing 10 sustain the notion
He is there for placing The manufacturer by the
side Of The equality is al that he
contcmplae>-aLd Wills, Gentlemen Of every po-
litica caste ic>o,in@ 10 tina; lCt!cr for evidence
why do they omit 10 refer 10 another letter Coo
val wIh that 10 Mr.. Austin, upon the same To-
pics? His letter 10 Mr.. I..iper al til. l2ih lime.
lS, is on the kindred subject OF our policy aiihe
close OF the war. at is or business" SAYS he "io
Manufacture for ourselves Whatever we can; and 10
kepaN onr marlcts open for n5at r. ran Spare, or
rort' The letter 10 Austin is explicit cnoush;
hui that 10 Leipcr is full and clear exponent oil
his upinion-manuiacturc and free t1adc he
regarded as 4 blessing 10 his countrv-manuiac-
lures and M0H0pJiD IL 4 banc and a curse The
eltcrto Mr.. Giles is known to all and will rot
rr,crae lis distinct and decisive cxprc>>iol,S-but
that 10 John Adams in December. 1919 places
Banks, Bankrupt Laws, and Manufacturers in
the same category, and a waves lashing around
the ship of State. When Mr. Jefferson addressed
his letter To {. w. Gooch, the 9,h January 1896
the Tariff power and lis exercise was directly be-
fore his mind. He writes in this communication.
that, at some future day, which hoped la hc far
distant the Tree principles ot our government
might change with the change OF circumstances !
was 10 be expected" "Bu: certainly did no; ex-
pect that they would not ovcr-iivc the generation
which established thcm--and what still less cx-
pected was. that my ayogitc Western country was (
10 be made the instrument d. change" He had |
relied On thai country as "a barrier against the de-
gcneracy ut public opinion from our original
and free principles. But The bait Of local inter-
ests, artiuIy prepared ior their palate has dccov
eli them from lhcir kindred ltt!c hinentS, 10 ai-
anccs alien 10 them" The date is here mos, ma
tera II was Jnst one month from the first Mes
sage Of J. Quincy Adams TO Congress, CATER his
election 10 the Presidency which developed the
policy of the administration that be and Mr. Clay
had brought into power. Could Mr., JetIersons
ausion have been more pointed and direct 10
the author Of that american System" which offer
ed the bait of local interests, artiuy prepared, to
dccoy the Yves, from kindred attachments 10
alliances alien to lheml There is 4 tongue in
every word that speaks denunciation of these de-
coying bats, and him who had arifnlly prepared
ihem.
On the l1th Of February OF that year 1926 he
addressed Mr.. Madison, and in The extremity his
private woe, ascribed his pecuniary pros'faion,
10 he tsrjcs imposed for The support OF inanniac-
lures" shall terminate This reference 10 Mr.