The daily Madisonian. [volume] (Washington City [i.e. Washington, D.C.]) 1841-1845, 1844-06-17
From ihs Baltimore Patriot.
MoRsE's ELECTRO MAGNETIC TELE-
GRAPH.

variety Of statements In reference TO the peculiar
construction and odas operad OF this wonderful ana
admirable nachine now in successful operation be-
tween Baltimore and Washington have been publ sh-
ed in various journals throughou the United States
Many of these descriptions conveyed but partial
and inaccurate idea of the Telegraph as It really Is
and some Of them have led to positive error. That
the curious and scientific may have just conception
of this admirable and astounding triumph of art
have collected facts from alone to be eled
on, and prepared the following statement:
The generator of the Gavanic fluid, consists of so
glass tumblers Of the size in common USE in each of
which a zinc hollow cylinder reaching from the top
10 the bottom of the glass, and almost filling il up
From the top of the zinc cylinder projects hori-
Eonla arm of the same metal, extending two inches
beyond to which is soldered platinum foil, 81 inches
long and half an inch wide and hangs vertically from
the end OF the In the hollow Of the zinc cylin-
der is placed a small porous cup inches long and l.
inch in diameter. The glass tumbler is then filled
with diluted suiphuric acid, and then the small cup
filled with pure nitric acid Being thus prepared, the
platinum of one glass is put into the small porous cup
OF the other, and so on through the whole SERIES
The last glass at one end OF the has its platinum
soldered to strip Of copper, which terminates in
cup Of mercury in the platform upon which the
glasses stand. At the other end, the projecting arm
has also a copper strip soldered to it, and terminates
IN a cup of mercury in the as the other
end. These two ends constitute the negative and
positive poles of the battery, which is at Washing
ton.
From one OF these cups OF mercury proceeds
copper wire, OF the size of common bell wire,
tending to Baltimore, upon poles % feet high and
% feet apart, Here II enters the Telegraph Office
and passes around first one prong of bar of iron,
bent in the form Of horse shoe, and from that
around the other prong and then the wire returns to
Washington upon the same poles the other Al
WASHINGTON the ia eOlered u a slim fat
tened slip Of brass, end of which is fastened upon
pedestal, and the other end, with an ivory button
upon, it stands over brass plate of the size OF
five cent piece without touching it. To the under
side of the brass plate is sodered wire which ex-
tends to the other pole of the battery The battery
being now ready for action you have but to place your
finger upon the key and press it until it touches the
brass plate below, and instantly the galvanc luid
flies its 81 miles. Take of the pressure of your fin
ger, and instantly the fluid has ceased to flow.
We have alluded to the bar of iron bent i'm the
form Of horse shoe at Baltimore around which the
main wires coed. It is perhaps not generally
known that il a bar of soft iron encrced with cop
per wire, wound with some insulating substance like
bonnet wire, and current of galyauic lud passed
through the wires thus surrounding the non becomes
Instantly a magnet II the current is made TO cease,
that instant the magnetism Of the iron is gone. If
the ends of the two prongs OF the bar of iron,
where it projects beyond the coils \. wire around it,
a small hattened straight bar Of similar soft iron is
placed being hung upon end Of lever, and the
lever supported delcatey upon pivots to rise
and iall-t is clear that whenever the bent iron is
made magnet, the iron directly over it, upon the
lever, will be attracted down with cnsderabe
force. The lever recedes when he magnetism is de-
stroyed by means of spring. On the other end Of
tins lever are three steel points, pointing upwards,
and directly them is ST ell roller with groves
turned in II, corresponding TO the three points,
that when they strike the roller by the power of the
magnet, each of them fall into its own grove.
Between the three points and the steel roller the
paper passes, at an unform rate, being drawn along
by two rollers, connected with the clock work which
IS driven by weight. The paper is in rolls IA in
ches in diameter, and inches wide, forming rib
bon OF con nuous length. This roll placed upon
spool which turns easily upon its axis in front Of
the pen, as the paper is drawn off by the ement
of the clockwork The alphabet is as follows: