Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1844-10-31
jsolittCal.
ADDRESS
OF
DIR, SAMUEL A. CARTWRIGHT.
On the Protective Policy.
ADDRESS

but Democrat; and thai never expect 10 change my
politics, poliucal principles have taken my stand
the Democratic doctrine OF 'mcasutes, not men,
believe sincerely. thai that great and vial measure
discriminating Iariil-or m other words. commercial
independence of Great Britain, the W hgs oc
cupyng the ground tlat the old Republican party and
Democrats always strennously maintained. aud which
no orthodox Democrat ever thought OF abandoning until
very recenty. Every freeman has the right OF disco
Meeting hImse lnr season, from his parry, OF pull!
ling back when he believes his party leaders going
Wrong Democracy freely accords this privilege all
her voarles aud cnnins II duty on all thorough 20
ing Democrats, exercise ii, whenever, in their juds
n II becomes necessary 1t Is the reserved right of
The people party leaders. (twero exerci
sed, there would soon be c the people troubling
themselves about political matters all but they mnhi
well give the whole up Ia their political leaders, both
10 nominate for them, and TO Or them. The very
essence OF dem lcacy Is the people railing principle aud
this prip!e accords to every man the night to thank and
act Tor himself.
Having said this much in explanation 10 my demo
cratic friends. to show them thai did not love my party
the less, but my country the more now proceed
slider that measure which, unfortunately, there eX.
ISIS difference Of opihona difference which, sincere
/ ly hope, will be but temporary.
iind from the notes | have made. in trying 10 in.
iurm myself on the subec Of the arif, that from the
foundation # the Federal Government until the close of
the late war, that the policy. I'd regard 10 iore'gn
nations divided parties and especially ,
the pdcy in regard 10 England. Commercial
England was the cherished doctrine Of the old repub-
can party Eycn the old federal party Of that day did
not dare ospjuse openly the doctrine OF commercial de
penlence ON England, Mr. AcDuAie aul some mod
ern politicians have lately done.
The American people had just gained their political
Independence, and They nneed after commercial udepen
deuce likewise. The ieJerass were for pailing them
oil by advocating the policy OF building navy The
republicans opposed Tie navy scheme ui becoming indie
pendent because, IN the then Impoverished condition of
ne fltTr ifuf
under II and Madison, look shorter Rad to be-
come ladepeudentthat road was the restrictive policy
oi embagpes nln-ntercourse and non-lmplralion
under Jeiiersun's administrations and wai, war 10 the
knife, under Madsun's. Every inch Of This road was con
tested by tho tedeIalisls(as viii be by referring
10 the proceedings ut thuse times lles's i,raise
volnme7, pages 3Sl and 1872 Jefferson was accused
OF being friendly TO manufactures and HUSTLE agcu
uye and commerce. Acting usder tho power, granted
by the constitution, 10 regulate commerce. he
cused OF destroying commerce by his restrictive policy.
So ANXIOUS was jefferson, at time, 10 make ths
country commercially, well politically, free OF Great
Britain, that We wished tur Of FIRE 10 separate
Amenca from Europe IL was under Jotirsuns frslrc-
1--we policy tina. manufacturing large scale
menced. Il WAS under his administration thai our cot
ION factories started lhlp existence. Btlore the war
under Madlsons administration ended, Great Brit
aln, IN disiay, that the American nianulaculios,
which bad sprung up under )elcfs1is reretiye sys-
TEN and Madlsuns war, We're rapidly making the | III
ted States commercially independent OF every other
lion, both for markets and for supplies Great Britain,
i'll d.smay, that the prayer Of " Washington
bout To be answered. and that the manufacturing system
would soon aive his inniry, in his own Words "ile
command Of lis o,cn fotuaes' (see close Of Farewell
Addess) Ii is IDLE to sappQs that any country CIV.
ef nave, humanity speaflng, ''the command Of its own
| fortunes" without well established manufacturing
| system.
Alter the varwas ended il was soon perceived that
our manufacturing system would 20 down. aud that
would again fall back into commercial dependence on
England Tor our supplies and for markets, unless
some eNpedent was esoried 10, IN order 10 sustain it,.
In lSl6, the last year OF Madisons administration the
discriminating tariff policy adopted by the repub-
party, for The dJHble purpose of raising sufficient
enue for the Government, and al the time, 10
ry cut the old policy Of making America commercially
independent Of Great Britain and the world by sustain
ing, fostering and protecting manufactures, to the
full OF the revenue by discriminating duties sLf
hren for The purpose. We have the authority Of Mr..
Calhoun. in late speech. that he. gether with almost
the entire South, voted ior the Tariff Of 1876 Neither
Mr. Calhoun nor Mr. Clay deserve any particular praise
for the support which they gave 10 the discriminating
i Tanf of 1916. That 'Fanif was democratic mea-
sure, and both those prominent leaders in the
democratic ranks.
In that tariff the manufactures of cotton COSTING less
than % cents per square yard, charged with duty
of % per cent Jr five years and 20 per after three
years. together with additional duty of 20 per cent
If imported from beyond the Cape Of Good Hope and
additional duty Of 10 per cent, imported from 9th
place. Thus yard OF cotton worth only cents,
any under 5 cents, valued % cents, aud
additional duty Of per cent if imported from Enropc
and 20 per cent, If brought from beyond the Cape Of
Good Hope.
The present tariff If 1912, imposes duly of 80 per
cent. all cloths costing less than 20 cents. The pre-
sent tariff, therefore. OF 30 per cent on minimum OF 20
cents, imposes smaller duy than the ariii of 1916,
which valued the cloths al 25 cents as the minimum
valuation per square yard added 10 pei cent if from Eu-
rope, 20 per cen, if from ASIA and then that
mount charged duty Of rs per cent for three years,
and 90 per cent afterwards.
The tariff of 1916 imposed duty of $50 per ton on
all hemp--n that of 1912, The duty from $50 10
40 per ton.
The tqrnrof 1916 imposed duty on sugar Of cents
cents per gallon; 1912, mills per pound that is,
3 2 cents per gallon, instead of cents.
The tariff Of 1916 was democratic measures lis whole
Francs work was constructed with an eye single to
king The people Of The United States independent, com
ncrcally independent Of England and the world, by
means Of the revenue which they paid 10 their gov
ernllelt. TEas tie revenue oxofted from the people
after serving the purpose Of moving the wheels of gov>
ernnen was not lost like water, hui was, by The
wise conlrlvance of discriminating duties made u pat in
busy action the wheels Of manufacturing and mechan
cal industry. which would otherwise have stopped and
have ihrown America back servie dependence On
Europe for articles Of primary necessity. But the ben
ecal effects OF The discriminating tamil policy, commen
ced in 1916, did not stop here. BY protecting the pro-
ducs of manufacturing and mechanical industry m A
merca, against The products Of European rauper labor
it extended the aggregate demand for American labor
and thus increased tie wDges Of American aborefs, me
chanics and artizlns Of all kinds.