The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1844-09-30


eheuper-,hero it is degraded the luborer abroad Is
not elevated to tho station of free man he has Little
or no participation in tho government, Of tho country
lie Is n mere laborcr,-hc lays up nothing ,-ho lives
merely from day to dny,--he cannot educate his chill
dren,--he lives poor, aud dies poor, -and his chill
dreu come up after him with the same biography
(npPlauso) Got any part Of Europe and witness
the ont Of door labor there. What is it compared
with cure? Our people cannot live upon ii. We can.
not submit and pe roH not sHbmH 10 H. Cries Ct
no, no, from all quarterly
In England, the wages for mborers do not exceed
one shilling sterling, about twenty-five cents day,
and that too when working IL hoars day. One
shilling und sSpance, 83 cents liberal price even
in harvest tino Shall place ourselves in that
position? (Rcpeated cries or No, No) And we
ask nothing without reason. tf you furnish others
with the means Of living comfortably, you wish for
remunora,ng and living prices for yourselves Lire,
and let liur, is our motio We are now competent
to provide for ourselves. The twenty millions of
people upon this continent can by the interchange Of
different articles ofproduec and Of manufactures, pro
vide one another with the essentials Of life.
Before going into this brunch Of the snhac, how
ever lei me notice smother matter, which is, the u.
Universal cry TINT protection is useful capitalists
tina, ii tends bald up great fortunes and depress
labor Even here, in our own commonwealth, there
evil spirits abroad, ''ull Of envy, hatred malice,
and all uncharableness," disposed excite class
against another; For do say that since tho serpent
entered Paradise, n moro wicked spirit has not mani
tested itself 1t has sought to disturb the social har-
mony Of community, by n5it,ering ncighbor agains,
neghbor father against son, and brother against bro
Vhnra a,.Lo -. ,,
him stigmatze him, as the law stignazos pirae, MS
an enemy to the human r,co-turn him ost Of Doors
unfit for any society but that o his cary proot, pc
Take these corporations There il no exclusive
meas among them. They sort Of copar,norship,
and nothing else. Any Eve men, who wish to enjoy
the privileges OF corporation, Gun do So They nre
especially necessary in this country, where capital is
widely distributed, md they are, by no means, aris.
iocrntc, because whatever enhances wages the
price OF hhor IL expressly and cmrlntcaIy Tor the
benefit OF aborng men, aud to the deiriment Of cap
italists because much is taken from capital and
distributed among the lahoring classes. What tends
o prevent poverty and bcgglry, and 10 produce e.
quaty, is high rate Of wages. If, there shall 10 an
nmble reward OF labor, sufficient to feed and clohe
The lahoring man, 10 support public schools, and the
public worship Of God, then there can never be any
overgro"n fortunes on the side, nor OH tho 9th
sr, any extent Of hrggary and poverty. One word
moro 10 corporations. The distinguished gen.
teman who represents this district in Congress, has
given account Of the stockholders in the Merrlmac
Mills Co, which ia follows:
II will afford YOU good commentary IN tho idea
that these manufacturing establishments are carried on
"by wealthy capitalists, a, the expense Of tho other
and more especially OF the ahorng classes" 10 ex-
anime the following tob!e, exhibiting by whom these
very Merrimack Mills owned There arc, in all,
800 proprie'o's, OF whom there arc
&C Merchants an! Traders
6S Females
80 individuals retired from business
80 administrators, Executors Guardians and Trrs-
teRs,
% Lawyers,
8 Physicians,
Literary Institutions,
8 Farmers,
40 Secretaries, Clerks, Students, Sc,
As Manufacturers, Mechanics, Machinists, &C.
Among these latter 45, included individuals
IN the actual employment Of the company, by whom
stock TO the amount Of $50 900 is owned. So much
for the Lowell manufactures
Is any species property more equally dStribu,ed
than ,his' Are there any sgos REORGANIZATION here?
Does this show concentration Of wealth BY the
frame of our Government, entails arc discouraged,
Of such facts these cries up ".GI ist2crzcy" ought
10 cry scGre-cro,c. cloud cheers But to look nj
the subject from moro practical point Of view
When the constitution was established, it was deba.
ed in Old South, by the great men Of that timc--it
was advocated as protecting American labor. by Paul
Revere the father OF Boston Mechancs and by Judge
Dawes meeting held Green Dragon, and
resolutions were passed in favor OF protecting Amer
lean labor. There talk then Of Lowell or A.
moskeng, but the object the encouragement OF
separate and individual labor--not machine labor
but hand labor.
II was upon that occasion that Paul Revere told
Samuel Adams, tina, the mechanics presen, were
more in number than the stars Of Heaven In this
question the shoemalsers Of Lynn and the hattors Of
Boston, in their shops, interested. The question,
with regard 10 corporations, is trAng compared with
the interest Of individual labor. Let us look at this
matter. II is said by opponents, that the farmer
70 better by Free Trade Is il the interest Of the
farmer TO have market for his produce, and tina,
there should be greater number of consumers than
producers member Of Congress- Mr. Stewart, OF