The daily Madisonian. [volume] (Washington City [i.e. Washington, D.C.]) 1841-1845, 1844-02-06

| ~ of tornYo r,rc OF
trade in our own novrr - f -, h,.s,an = i,om can
| do so by prudeut Ia -. Thu, lar then. a,n for
tariff of RS venua anA for thu novcr 10 nrotect our
own nation too as between ms and foreign nations
All this premiscd as To the general Que sou in the
bs,ract and a. 10 lis foreign rcl.t,ons LEI ,s briug
nm. subject me- And. m, fellow eli xen, n /, ~
here home where the subject throws away It's ab-
,rseioa becosps. us~ss,csl .pd tssxibl~ ss.d may
hr Treated of Win the cer,.inty of delinton When
!, !, brought so,ne 10 MS and TO our interest," il i
near sno,rh IN he Judged closely and the ,non,eni
-. -. -. A., -, 2, -. :, - -. ,ni ~, : ~.
~ onesiion the true doctrines of fo,.oif the intel
is,be doctrines of free frsde present themselves and
| I am .r,ayeJ on their side The momeni Thai we
bring the tariff question home to ourselves, 10 our
own citizcps classes indiyid,,aIs masses sections
| and int rests under the same system of laws WELD
ny Do same support and allegiance 10 government in
| mutual regard and drnende1ce her, ~, ,riU and
eouatv Of yixM 10 protection yeiens As between cti
rem and citizen class and class interes, and ;,se,
of our own couytry there is unire,,a and fo,,a ;gh
nj n,ori;on In all This il the trua doc,,n. az r..
trade In land of canal rights Fanatics ON the suh
iect falsfy its doctrines and make them od,o,,s bnt
propery Understand in thi, sense none bnt uros in
opposition 10 Them can gainsav Their i,;ce and ,h.
truth Free trade thus defined asserts thai in our
| own country commerce agriculture mining and
manufactures ara ali allie entitled IN nro.c,;oo. that
duties shall be so laid as TO niure neither for the
benefit of the others and that ali shall be coualiy Cos
| tered and cherish Il
The uiiraists of ryotecfiou ON the one band-,or
there are ul,ras,s ON both s,ies-seem 10 IMAGINE
that there are no int having soual claims Ia mo-
lection with their inter,t sbly in,i,,ioy thai all
others shall u taxed for their sole prott lfthey be of
the agricultural class that commerce and manufac.
lures shall suIr most for their sake II of The com
mercsl class that agriculture and manufactures shall
be altogether taxed for their benefit; if of the man.
utaclnrng class thai commerce and agriculture shall
bear the whole burd,n. The enlightened theory of
free trade is tina, they shall all bear their respective
IF l.nr, l.,l Al.
Government.
These utirass Of protection 90 further. They not
only that all except their own interests shall
be taxed for their benefit but ih the primary end of
all taxation shall be their protection Free Il AIDE de.
MES tins assumption and insists that the prima ~ end
of all taxation shall be for the support Of gore, <nt
and the defence Of national ersence The one theory
arrays section against section interest against inle
rest class against class in dems nding unequal exsc
lions for dscordant 9, do; the other harmonixes all
sections interests and classes by equal contributions
from all for one common end.
Free trade, thus understood, is nothing but the
qualify, harmony and moderation of domestic taraon
and every rational man knows but too we'll how much
me pe'"a"<"ey and stability Of laws depend upon these
three great requisites OF taItf OF duties and how
much stability and permanency conduce to the pros
periiy OF all interests protected And may, there
lore, well say that, so FIR from being ultra any
thng on TINS subject, there is nothing which much
eschew an ulra, either side Of the tariff aues-
uon. 1 hese are, IN fact they who no less mar the
truths OF free trade than the true interests of equal
projection am not one of them. Indeed for The
Ieeson that am not one of either class of uItraiss
100 am al much misrepresented in the extreme
South one way as am You say, in the North and
East the other way The fact is that will not dei,n
10 treat the question as sectional at all The u,
raists alone do treat IT, and continually err too in
arrsying the North against the South. Why is his
when New Hampshire is as much opposed To what is
called protective tariff as is South Carolina and
when Louisiana n much in fl of IT
as Is the State OF Massachusetts, The truth is that
they are Interests, manufacturing, mining CONNER
cal, or agricultural which conflict with each other
not States and territories. Whichever ay the inter-
est lies, the State will be so on this subject
But the sound and practical statesman will look alone
first, 10 ,rhn arit the Gorerament ranis and secondi
10 hou The duties may BE- imposed ,c the most benefit 10
| all, and ioiih the least possible injury TO any
And tins was precisely what | endeavored TO
| do in my action upon the late tariff bills before the
House OF Representatives Had thought that no
additional duties were necessary for the support of
Government, 10 the first place should have opposed
an increase Of the tariff for any other object whatey
err believe that not only the true principles of res
trade, but OF the Federal Constitution forbid The i'm
position Of duties merely for projections sake and
| especially in the of its ultra advocates
think that duties only be laid for rer,nus and
the amount Of revenue must be ascertain,d by The
wants OF an economical administration of the Go.
ycrnment. This is IL is true somewhat inde6,i,c a.
to the amount Of the revenue 10 be raised hut n 1. moi
indefinite o. TO The true principles upon which reye.
nuc ought to be raised II settles the distinction al
ready glanced at that the primary end OF taxation by
tarih OF duties on imports shall be revenue not
protection This principle was thoroughly discussed
and fully settled by the compromise act OF 1888 IL
Is especially Incorporated in that BILL as its mos, es
senal provision, that after June, 1872 such duties
only shall be aiI a. necessary TO an economical
administration OF the Government" This, in other
words declares that duties shall be laid for revenue
only And thus this first grcs, principle Of free trade
as have defined it, was made part of the statute
yded that IN case OF excess Of revenue the duties
thcr, was an sYcs.s oe 'srsnus wnon' IN loos