Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1844-02-08

), exceeding ten dollars Tor each person ihs Prov
. s.n Of the Consl tuition went farther man 10 feo'
,,ss the existing institution Of domestic slavery. ~
expressly esrsned the pfohllIi'"n by Jaw, oil iht -
e;rn slave trade PRIOR c0s and reserved The Ig o
limited revenue even L, the federal treasury rom Una
trade Since The year Of thus Limitation ol me itne :" ~
rralion nd poriaon, the government o ihe =. -
the first a,nnng The nat ons OF the earth To dse '
tho loreiun slave trade piracy, and to enact the hghes
en,I stlues aga.nst enoralies. late treaty hl
bornd the nation guard The coasts ol Aca anu ''
bipi seas against s crimes. ms is a"mtstu " "
constitutional; and the slave holding States have cor
daily united, and prominently c'-opeta'eu ~ ''' Nv
sures adopted by Congress nnd The Executive 70 ar'
md yerminu,e ihs hurd traffic carried on by others
to their injury aud against their earnest ana solem'
,ro,,s,ations nj first and still continued against ihe
, will and moral sense lhey would now, were - -
their mower arrest England IN her phanIhrop'c pfac
,,css nj making recapiured Africans apprentices $,
sunny the services Of slaves lLtely rmancpated III ie
Yrs, India colonies. All petitions OH tins subject art
admitted lo be within the jurisdiction of Congress, AMI
the rule question applies to none OF them.
>, w. The fourth class III Federal relations created ~
IN. Constitutions ~ that embraced in the 2nd section oil
the Jth article mo person held To or labor M
one State under the laws thereof, escaping into ano
ther SHALL IN consequences OF any law ar regulation
therein be d,schnrGt from such or labor, bu
shall he delivered up on claim al Tie party io whom
such service or labor may be due
rror Ia the adoption Of this constitutional PROVISION
State comfy alone could be relied apnn 10 deliver up
fugitive slave escaping from one Stale to hn"li'f
Now there is an express guarantee u i~
owners of slaves TINT iugves shall not be discharged
from their service labor but that they shall be DE-
l;yersd IN on clam Of their masters And IN Pursu-
ancr of tI. by the act of 1893 Congress cnact'd The
mode in winch fugitive slaves should BIZ delivered uP,
and The mode which the clam for their delivery
should be made Thus Congress not Only has iuli Ju-
risdicon this relation oI slavery, but IS const
,uonay bound TO provide for executing and securing
the right OF possession aud property IN fugitive slaves
al, ulpaS L. IL
maley TO the competency OF Congress, and to such
ue,itions the rule in question does not apply; IT in M
manner hrnders lorbds action upon them by the
House of Representatives, Aud these Tour classes EN-
brace according 10 views, all the dcrai rtalnhs
of slavery created b; the Constitution, upon which,
IN ordinary tunes peace the legislation Of Congress
can directly operate But II IS cont 1nded, that The
Constitution has created other relations oil the SUBJECT
over which Congress may exercise legislative Jnris-
d,ction and control
ls In The f.5, place. it s contendcd HAT ton gress,
under the p1wer 'to regulate commerce with i"re'gn
nal ons and among The several Slatss aud with III"
Indian tribes, can aboiish the domestic slave trade
between lie Safes and Territories and the District o
| Columbia.
sutcien, answer to this 10 saw lha, the power
10 "regulte tie mode in which trade and commerce
shall he carried on admits, III The first place oil trade
and commerce. and OF all their sui lecis liter without
exception, ard gives power 10 nbofist commerce, "r
In destroy i,s suhectsmatter the property IN them;
|
declare wha, species Of properly shall! he held intro
duced within their mis that when State per
m,is partcnar property TO be held aud owned, or
introduced by her citizens within her lnat', ''ilie
citizens of each State shall be entitled t. all the
privileges and lmmnnI;ics al citizens IN her limits
| either 10 introduce, hold, own The same specfs OF
property there, long her own CIT z"n- are allowed
tn same privilege and immunity that # Congress may
lnterpose prohibit subject Of internal commerce.
there no lunt II The power, and may abolish
r. I.f ihar al n n
States shalt trade from Stac 10 Safe or Territory
III slaves, II may equally declare that they shall not
trade like manner corn, wheat, or Cotton or
rou four tobacco; that the power gwen by this
clause IN the Constitution, so lar from being intended
To sIiacke, restrain probil commerce Of any kind
Ia any eAient, meant to free 1t from all letters
lIer aud particularly guard from unequal obs.nr
I ons and prohibitions, which might have been imposed
/ by the States o the Union that power Ia prohibit
| the CIT zens OF one class OF States from selling and
transferring and trading their kinds Of property from
Stale TO State, Territory, or District, and allowing
the citizens OF another class of States 10 trade untra-
mellrd IN their property 10 30 unequal and oppressive,
,h,t It could never have been intended 10 be granted,
and could never have been consented In by any pof-
ton of these sovereign and independent States. And
If such power exists, II no longer he sad That
Congress has power IL abolish slavery IN the Staes
ernus. The power, for example, TO prohibit the citizens
81 Virgin aud Maryland from selling and Transport
ing their slave property 10 citizens OF LOUISIANA aud
Mississippi and the other slave markets Of The Union
would be erclua 10 abolish slavery within their IT,
mIts, any direct power 10 enact m't4tion Of
tine, the past mt principle, upon which the insti
tuition of slavery should entirely cease Ia exist.
ID II IS further coutrnded, undrr the power given
to the President Of the Untd States, "by and with
the advice and consent OF the Senate, to make rentts
md under the tion ot the Constitution that "ile
United States shall guaranty TO every State IN this
! Union Republican form of government, and shall
protect each Of them against invasion and appli-
eaton OF the Legislature, or of the Executive, (when
the Legislature cannot be convenedO against domestic
violence IT thai, in the event Of serye insnrrecton
and war, and IN The event Of the protection OF The
United States bring invoked "aganst INVASION or "do-
ms stc Violence IN such case, il Treaty making power
nigh, he inlerposed, and employed TO emanc'ra'e The
slaves in any, all n the States, according TO the
circumstances Of the case, and the extent oil HE NO
nestle violence and power of the insurgents This
horrible, nccudiary, and evolutionary doctrne might
cas,, English -, Inal history ut the Maroon
wars, in winch Cudj' was treated with amidst the
cock pits of Jamaica the of the cut-.iroat re-
voution in St. Domingo, inst,gaed and successfully
aided By British arms, where France was compelled 10
emancipate colony TO appease her mighty rival. bni
It pre- supposeS too Impossible condition oil things, ana
Il revolution too sanuuinary and terrible IN IT'S earth
quake shocks the Union itself to he seriously discuss
ed even within the probability Of the test Of npplica
ton in this country IL such power really exists IN
the minds of any, they must be few and such only az
could not be trusted not 10 instruction and do
nestle violence, for the very purpose al forming the
pretext for the exercise oil this power Of emanc pa
,ion not by Treaty, but by treason But it must be
remarked, that though no petition has yet been pre-.
scented 10 Congress, TO exercise this power oil abolition
by Treaty with slaves with in their hands, in the
absence of insurrecon-yet the tendency of most oil
the petitions for abolition, which have been presented
IS obviously TO excite servIle war, which may ai"fo
precxt for thu ntsrposItIon of such power As the
occasion for the attempt TO exercise 1t may never occur
| il need not be discussed.
81. II is commended, under the clause providing that
"new States may be admitted BY the Congress into this
Union, and "the Congress shall have power to dispose
Of and make all needlu rules and regulations respect
ing the territory other property belonging TO the
United States, that the Congress may enact the abol
ton ri slavery and The slave trade in the territories OF
the U States
The undersigned will not enter upon one, The first
branch of this topic farther than to say that, however
the question nf admitting States INTO this Union,
with without the institution Of slavery within their
limits may have orr inay stood, IL has long been cor
sidered settled ques hone settled by long acqui
escence and by compromise. The ordinance of July
-, 1887 permitted 10 declare in effect tha, there
should not b. involuntlry servtndc III the territory
Northwest of the Ohio This declared i'm