Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1843-10-06

The great contest. IL any cousiuelaoie sueeNs
ed nv efforts, it not the consequence o. my p'
,h,ty but of the glorious character OF our pt'hcp's'
and of the zeal and enthusiasm with when e"ue@
ed to MAINTAIN them ,d
might here fellow citizens, very properly con''uoe
nv remarks but that am aware soHieifhg 70 ca"
pec,ed from me Federal politics. Ia louc""s '"e''
/ must, necessarily, be very briei. -. IL.
The complex system Of Governments, WIN "hicn
our Heightened ancestors have supp'eu .' - -,
n,ec.dent in the history Of man From the 'r'ai 'ha'
we have riven il, am sure, 1t VIII Dc ai'o"e', oy
1ce majority Of the American people, That II IS 'he
hest system ever devised, 10 secure puoc noefy uu
nromo,e personal happiness. But as powerful paiy
ORIGINALLY objected TO 1t, as too weak, ana nave
verInpy endeavored, BY construction ana sndrtesem u
,ha, objection and enlarge IT'S powers-thus en-
deayorng 10 accomplish what they coud not or9'n"y
do BY direct and open ettorts-t IS OBVIOUSLY our uuy
In watch over and preserve the system from
and change, with vigilance that never .neS 49,
this with the more effect early deemed important
nv onr Republican fathers to avow certain Opinions
widely spread them among the people, ana oeePy '''
plant them in The public n'nd as great pf'ncp'es
never 10 be forgotten or abandoned NJ nFs % W. .
in importance az IN TRUTH is that which declares, ne
,r,bor,,v of Constitutions over Governments, ana OF
the sovereignty of the people over CONSTITUTIONS
nd the second that which lays down, mat 'he powers
of the Federal Government "are derived from tue oo'
sttn,ion and that the Constitution IS compact 10
h;h Tho S,,ea are parties If these principles are
oreat ruth, as conceive them TO be- then II IS pam,
that if the powers exercised by the Federal uoVeih-
ment "be valid, is solely because they are grahtea
and IL the granted powers are valid, oecaus
all other powers not granted, INST not be vaid -'no'
0wheneve therefore, question arses concerning he
constltutonallly of Particular power, the nFst ques
ton is whether the power be expressed IN Tue Cohs'
tution2 If il be- the question Is decideo- u DC MOI
expressed the next enquiry must be- whether pro-
pery an incident power and necessary 10
its execution. II be, II may be exercised oy Son'
gress-if 1t be not, Congress cannot exercise u,
make these extracts, ellow-czens, from Inc ce,e
braed report of Mr. Madison the magma ehar,a o. I
Republicans after the desperate struggle of iooo:
IL the Federal Government IS denied the fAe!c'se "
doubtful powers and, by it, IS also turn'sheo SAFE
and easy guide to truth.
Forgetfu however, OF the peculiar cna,ac'ei U. '
Federal Government, altogether regardless OF us u
mutations, the Federalsts claimed for 1t almost
unlimited dominion. The great Federal leader, ufnt-
raj Hamilton, in his report OF 3th Drcemoet' l,'i'
said that belongs to the discretion Q" the na.o"a ~
gsature to pronounce upon the oeets 'oh.eh concern
fhe general ,ceIfare and To appropriate the money Oh
The Union 10 "the general interests o.
learning of agricuiture If MANUFACTURES ana q con.
,nsrrc The jealousy of Virginia procured an amend
ment of the Constitution which Declares that congress
shall make law abrldgng The freedom OF speech OF
of the pess-vet Federal Congress passed sedilion
law In January 1910, the bank bill, MI PICKER
ing another great Federal leader, SAID, that, IN the al
fairs Of nation whatever the public good requires 10
be DONE is necessary and proper TO be done ana 'a'
Congress was, this respect like the State eg'sla-
lures MIR Shefey, the same subject, sao, that
Congress may adopt any measures, whcn hey may
deem necessary and proper to accomplish the OBJECT
in any manner, whether these means De orect or re-
mote In these opinions, which might be extensively
enlarged is to found the real doctrine OF the old re-
dera party In the Republican ,est, you see the H.
mutations Of the Constitution carefully protected
While in the Federal test, you see them utterly
disregarded, over leaped and trampled down Yes,
fellow-citizens, the line OF separation between the
old Federal and Republican parties was distinctly
marked. The Republican party desired to preserve
the Constitution 1t adopted-the Federal party
to make it, by construction, nearly as possible as
Hamilton and Co. wished to have made 1t IN Conven-
ton Which party is it, that goes for Bank a
measure which MIR Madison in his report, says, iron
the circumstances of ITS passage, as well as the auue
of construction on which 1t founded strikes the at
tention with singular force, as man'lesung spirit
abv the Federal Government to enlarge It's powers by
forced constructions Of the Constitutional Charter =
A Protective Tariff measure only legitimate as
means of revenue, but which H. IN tact, perverted 10
It's own destruction Distribution Law: measure
which makes the Federal Government collector tor
the States, when it has power to collect except Tor
itself district election law: commanding the states
do what their right 10 do, or that u" Congress,
Congress choose 10 act Who is 1t sustains all these
measures now Is 1t not the so-caiied wing party
And not all these measures founded IN the same
spirit, and sustained by the principles OF con-
sruction as characterized the Federalism OF lc0O And
what party opposes these measures now As IN l0"o
so now see the Republican party exert'ng all their
strength 10 crush and anp'h.lae ,i,e 'r. 1Sa
tains them and all others ot kindred character ne
name of the leopard may be changed, but his spots
never. So the principles OF the Federal party, are aS
rife they the reign OF terror, aithousn
nol;,;c;ans hive plossed them over with the more po
nuar name Of Wing Had the measures to which
have advered never been adopted, should have es-
capped vast Of dscord and irritation, which, at
times have poisoned the currents of social lle aud sha-
ken our Union itself to lis centre. see around me
number of my Wing frlends-I feel honored by their
call them BY that
kindly feeling which has this day brought US together
by that regard which must feel for man when
free of irra,ion-by their love of country, beseech
them TO adopt the Republican principles, have stated,
and TO abandon and forever that school which delights
10 teach the exercise Of doubtful powers Every psu.
dent and consderate agent will abstain from the exer
else Of doubtful power, in the management OF ms
agency If he deem the power important TO his trust,
he will submit the question 10 his prime and not
tnke il by construction If this be the correct line OF
conduct in private life surely ought be observed
BY the public agents in the administration OF a Govern
men,, such entreat you, therefore, gentlemen,
hereafter TO intedct all doubtful po@erto stick TO the
plain reading Of the Constutonand only to tolerate
as means the exercise Of those powers, that are IN
dispensaby requisite to the enjoyment OF granted
power, and "prcuar thereto.
The Bank que stion well illustrates the true charac-
ter of doubtful power. The question and The strife
it generated originated in the first Congress, under
our present Constitution. Malortes IN Congress
have been first one side and then on the
other Different Presidents have entertained opposite
opinions. Popular opinion appears to have huc'ua'eo
while the Bank, a, this time lies crushed beneath the
power Of successive vetoes. Surely, this is ques-
ton that ough TO he submitted to the Siaee, IN the
manner provided IN the Constitution. And why has II
not been done The 9Th Article of the Constitution
requires the of OF the Staes
in all amendments of the Constitution. tbs .eavy
majority designed TO provide against hasty and in
cousderae change; 10 give the impress oil stability to
our organic law Although, popular principle, we
recognise the ascendancy of majority, yet here, a
majority will not snfice-three -iourths alone viii
the politicians Of the old Federal and present Wing
school, still persist in pressing the Bank question upon
the country, not by way of Constitutional amendment
but as an act Of simple legislation And will you, my
Wing fellow citizens, sustain tins alarming mode oil
charging the powers of Government? VIII you, IN
this form practically destroy the 9th article the great
conservative feature of the Constitution: Will you,
for the hope of securing this power, be wiling to con
Time The sacrifice Of the peace and harmony, The char
and dignity the prosperity and happiness OF lhr
4 trps nj 1 40 home That ~ q