Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1843-01-28

81 IS
wa, not single r,eubcr of the Senate VINO seemed 10
entertain the ,,ahttst DOUBT Of just title to the en-
tire Of The territory All contend tha our right 10 all
we claim is ndcrasihe. Why. 'hcn, should there be
any hesitation about exercising our ownership over Tue
territory The dispute between us and EGglaid never
can be about that for she does not profess 10 deny our
rjpht To Territory She may reasonably cohihe Us 10
The letter of The existing treaty: bet IN co'nS ts she
rs necessarily bound show that she conforms sicly
90 IL herself II che gives !! construction winch We
hitherto have no, cven to - She have no just cause
OF comoa;:.t should adopt :eT construction. iG',
in Truth ,ha, treaty net.e7 give nor withhold ''9hs
OF territory and tho exercise OF soTe!e'gny Tor IL is
expressly Limited 10 specific p:Ipese-uel % seCuF'
ing during cOntiuGsnaS, lie tree d"G open n'ef-
course Of the citizens o. OF the contracting parties,
and subjects OF The other, Tor the purposes OF Trade ana
Commerce, leaving tie rights OF the respective parties
untouched. As, then, England gans 40 rgns over
our portion the territory ba; that oil freedom 10
trade like tha; of o"n CITIZENSHIP. Which she con
cedes equivalent RICH, 10 our citizens owe! her pof
ton of territory, ii she has uEy-wat oher country
can dispute exercise ef jurisdictions Not france,
FOR she sold ali possible claim she could have &c
rived moi Sqan, for c- i,c IS transferred 10 Us; and
certainly no. Russia for Go not propose 10 ehcToach
upon her Southern boundary terond TIE 3l,h degree
of Northern latitude. No other country under heaTen
have any pfeensicn 10 Cur territory ana We naVe
seen that the existing treaty with Engtdnd, so ai ifotn
giving her any, xpessiy s,ipuates that lis obligations
shall not be construed any manner 10 anecl Tue tte.
II she conscious ;hc she could set up no clam
U! her own would not endearcr To make the word
believe her object is con;endng Tor the narrow
slip Of land really in dispute north Of the Columbia
liver merely keep 10. The bencf; OF all nations,
free port al IL, mouth q. that river. And even this
abe did not think Of TIL made settlement there
1his not tte irst time she has uet!ered 10 prerent
enterprises for the advancement .! cU7 cnmIneIce-
Mr. w here mentioned several Instances u sks inter
ference.
The question is, wha, are cur RIGHT: we derive
them eAe- by purchase, discovery. &C by 're@;%. Il
she has Ang, she must show as good tite or yle'G
that screr'o-' ard this sets a. -es' be. nis-
she did Purchase lie untgabted tile OF SCAN =
r.. .rf tights the Northwest ~aast, as we DID SC
Cid not discover the Con'noa river, as we did; and
w.h cgaFd % ;:c..ies, hos been shovn, over AID
over again that she acqu-e4 right . sol! or terrific
~ under any 10 which she mas been party
There is no.hrg of ia2 k:nd III her treaty with Rus
H. G her treaty with Srain, N her !rect" with or
selves In no .! these treaties ms she gained
iota of clam TO sol or territory. She is granted
hng bu, JOINT OF the rig 10 fish, hunt, trade, or
navigate.
There is not word in ,!c :-cav Of Isle ahoat can't
occU patton or settlement We 90 net looa TO TIA;
treaty for OUT right 10 occnry or 10 settle Ter;
tory Of Oregcn. re siand upon iaconicstab!e
ttle Neither she derive from i what it does rot
directly Indirectly meat3n. 1t IS merely treaty Of
trade and commerce, 10 be free aud open 20 lie Subjects
uad citize:.s the powers We might sTn treaty
tomorrow giving En- gland al equal right with
cit.zens 10 free trade with the port of n york. bat who
could be absurd 20 contend that we thereby con
veycG 10 her oint occupancy and JOINT right OF set
tement .he SOIL and territory u New ioia to the
seiaasament Of title
Bv the treaty CT 1873, ed in lo21, the citizens
and subjea;s Of both powers undoubtedly entitled
free open exercise OF intercourse tor purposes OF
trade and commerce. On our pa.t, We refrain from
esactinr duties goods belonging British subjects
found our territory and Engand guarantees the
same with respac, 10 ci;zeGs on territory claimed
By her Thus IS Tic true and only true, meaning and
sprt OF the treaty.
Mr.. ~. here entered upon critical examination OF
the treaty OF Isis. and its wal IN l-.1, showing
that no other construction could be pc, upon c VOID
ing Of both than tina, which he had given Ia coalr
Inacn Of this he cited various passages ~ conimun
cations from the British ministers III every convention
or negotiation held with them from the time o! the
treaty Of 1875 10 the time that tie renewal u the CHAR
Ter OF the Hudson Bay Company gave new impetus
10 its entertainments, and intuced TO seek pledge
from the British Government for The protection Of any
interests which might gov np in is settlement. 4,
the time Of negotiating IL" renewal OF the treaty oi
!s0S IN 1895 The very propositions Tor additional stipa
i,tions which lie British ministers made, show that
ENGLAND never did coast'uc the treaty 1s reaching 20
anything but trade AID commerce and the refusal CT
our ne 1ot:acrs T. adm. those additional stifn@tioaa
showed that r2remptoy refused 10 .;an: The right
OF Joint occupation aud settlement
Rir " he.e Quoted il fall the va7ious proportions
alluded TO, aud coucus.Yeiy established his position
from concurrent testimony.
/; was clear, then that in carrying out the pro-
visions Of hls ball, would in aowse interfere or
act in conf CT w; obligations BY Treaty, 50 long
as We take not n interrupt the righ, of British
subjects 10 the free and open pursuits Of objects Of
trade and commerce The question, then, was marrow"
ed down into ver- En.cn cor,pass There can be no
doubt Of oar RICH! 10 tho Terrltoryoa that all were
agreed The 'Ire:tv cannot Tee,ran us from the exs7
else Of ;ha; ch, for has no bearing whatever upon
a, and III, refo-e the remaining tnias 10 DC sell
tied he question Of expectancy aat, too, lie cci-
ceved now admitted 81 no dorbt.
That y eypcdle 10 far, al present, IS THIS h'i!
proposes 90, he vas perfectly satisfied satisfied
that in dong So would rot ony give 1s' grounds
ot complaint TO Great Britain, bat that II would he the
means Of preventing future and formidable, he
cause more accumulated. ut difficulty with that
Government. But, Independent OF this consideration,
,eia was another. which he thought imperative; and
:, was that c;lz.nS. who have cast their fortunes ~
Inc Territory CLAIM, protection. and duty 10
erant It. L. 10 the duy Of the United States TO pfosc
our citizens their la wfnl pursuits or every portion OF
our Territory matter how remote or nco"veEien!
from the nucleus at Government. 1t Is The duty OF
Congress xten its1r:of'a laws tor :he benefit OF
shose remotely settled citizens.
Il; eseeuia,lv ex2edient that all his should be done
Tow and ouichiy. Cceinr that the longer neglect oil
!d!f!lng this GUY ~ iat held Of by rival power, rs
q.cuet e. cr!o-r,ng aa; Strengthening rretensions
~aich could tGf. srisen had We mace timely
eifor; rights ircm cayA. Besides the
duty which binds 20 protec; our citizens III this Ter
gitory 10 commercial interest, IN distant
seas, provide iof then. ha5cr oi shelter such as
the Co.unb:s .!oue a.i5Tis, the Northwest coast
Oar feet stationed IN the .ccGc, Tor the protection of
our commerce. entitled Ga ;he facilities which We
ehould create there for equipment fef,iing ard re-
victualmg " shopiG have Tor, there which woaid
servc them as navs s'-.on v.t citizens around
Il ready at ali Tines 10 make marriott with lhe,f pro-
ductons Cor ,re wars OF cur msf.ne ses:ce n iha
aiistan! quarter tngleni coGid o. ts aa.ars q hs
10. SIX hos ~ 600 thing And. independent
o. all these cons dera'oas, 'ssre IS ahc.arr ci's %
beings 70 ,.hon owe "aiigo'cos winch t IL oar
tu.v IN Ilfl &
ro-y Il is .uty 10 ex.erG = ;@c'" p Teton,
ana there l. -5uLGaut evidence aa: t.ey saad a neeG
cf q IL is our de,y ine dus, among them the hgls
OF ciyiliz,,:on and the lights of The gospel In no
ov. way - 80 well, 80 eec@n'ly, So cheap!
.r,f all these duties y carrying cut TIE provisions
OF ;.is bill.
Nj PHELPS reo'srle; that as member OF the
committee which reported tie bill, he coneGgred IN The
general views taken Nv Ii" ccr"-ai aud n respect
10 the general conditions involved 10 the BILL he be-
rSly ..Anr III