Wheeling times and advertiser. [volume] (Wheeling, Va. [W. Va.]) 1839-1849, 1843-07-01

the territory OF the OuVtu SUITS udN
amount to one-eIghth or one tenth Of
that colonized by Spain on this cont.
nent, and yet in all that vast region
there are but between one and two mil
lions Of European color and European
hood; while in the United States, there
are fourteen millions who rejoice in their
descent from people Of the more north
ern part of Europe.
! But we follow the difference, in the
original principle Of colonization, and in
lis character and objects still further
We must look TO moral and intellectual
results: we must consider consequences,
not only as they show themselves IN the
greater or less multiplication Of men or
the supply Of their physical wants-but
IN civilization, Improvement and happi-
ness. We must inquire what progress
has been made in the true science OF H.
betty and in the knowledge Of the great
principles Of self government.
! would n OF willingly say anything on
this occasion, discourteous 10 the new
government, founded on the demolition
ofthe power of Spanish monarchy
| They are yet on their trial, and | hope
I for favorable result But truth, sa-
cred truth and fidelity, to the cause of
civil liberty, comPels me to say, that hi
therto they have discovered quite too
much OF the spirit oft monarchy from
which they separated themselves. Quite
too frequen: resort is made TO military
force; and quite too much Of the sub
stance OF the people consumed, in main
tanning armies, not for defence against
foreign aggression only, but for en- for
cling obedlance 10 domestic authority
Standing armies are the oppressive in.
s.raments for governing the people, in
the hands of hereditary and arbitrary
monarchs. military republic, gov
eminent founded on mock elections and
supported only by the sword, is a move
ment, indeed, but a retrogade and disas-
trous movement, from the monarchial
systems. If men would enjoy the bles-
sings Of the Republican government,
they must govern themselves by reason,
Sy mutual counsel and consultation. by a
sense and feeling Of general interest,
and by the acquiescence Of The minority
IN the will Of the majority, properly ex-
Prcsse !, and above all, the military
must be kept, according TO the language
oil our bills Of righls,in strict sTbordina-
ton 20 the civil authority. Wherever
this lesson is not both learned and prac
tlced, there can be no political freedom.
Absurd, preposterous is it-a scof and
satire on free forms Of constitutional
liberty, for constitutions and frames Of
government to be prescribed BY military
leaders and the right oil suffrage to be ex-
ercIsed at the point Of the sword.
Making all allowance for situation aud
climate, 1t cannot be doubted by inielli
gent minds. that the difference now ex-
listing between North and South Ameri-
ca is justly attributable, in great de-
gree, to political institutions; and how
broad that difference is! Suppose an as.
Semb IN one Of the valleys, or on the
side OF one of the mountains Of the
southern half Of the hemisphere, 10 be
held, this day, in the neighborhood ola
large city, what would be the scene pre-
sented2 Yonder is the volcano, flaming
and smoking, but shedding no Iight,mor.
al or intellectual. At its foot is the mine
yielding perhaps, sometimes, large gains
to capital, but in which labor is destined
TO eternal and unrequitted toll, and re
warded only by penury and beggary.-
The city is filled with armed men; not a
free people, armed and coming forth vo.
UNFAIRLY to rejoice In a public feslivity ;
bui hIfeIing troops, supported by forced
loans, excessive impOsitions on com
merce, or taxes wrung from a half fed,
and half clothed population. For the
great there are palaces covered with
gold; for the poor there are novels Of
the meanest sort. There is an ecclesi-
astical hierarchy, enjoying the wealth o
princes; but there are no means Of edu-
cation to the people. Do public improve.
ments favor intercourse between place
and placer So far from this, that the
traveller cannot pass from town to town
without danger, every mile, or robbery
and assassination. | would not over.
charge or exaggerate this picture; but
ITS principal sketches are all too true.
And how does It contrast with the
scene now actually before us7 Look
round upon these fields; they are yer.
dant and beautiful, we'll cultivated. and
al this moment loaded with the riches OF
the early harvest. The hands which
till them are free owners Of the soil, en-.
Toying equal rights, and projected by
law from oppression AID Tyranny. Look
70 the thousand vessels in our sight, m.
ling the harbors, or covering the neigh.
boring sea They are the instruments
Of profitable commerce, carried on b,
men who know that the profits OF their
hardy eHterpTize, when they make them.
are Their own and this commerce Is en-.
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