Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1843-07-06

native rdce was the achievement oil standing ar. |
mies' IN me r'g"t OF the King, and by his au,ho-
rity; fighting Ia his name Tor the ACKNOWLEDGEMENT,
OF MS power AMI the extension OF his preroya.
yves; with military ideas under arbitrary unxi,ns
a portion OF that dreadful ins,rumen,alitv Inv
when perfect despo,ism governs people. AS
mere was no liberty In Spain, how could liberty
be transmitted to Spanish colonies
The colonists OF English America were of tho
people, aud people already free. They were of
ue middle, Industrious, and already prosp.rous
Grass, inc inhabitants oil commercial and mann.
iactufi"5 elites, among whom liberty first revived
anu respired, alter sleep Of ii thousand ". ars in
TIE bosom oil the dark ayes. Spain descended ON
the New w GRID in the armed and terrible i,uay.
oil her monarchy and her soldiery; England an
proached II In the winning and popular oarb of
personal lights, public protection, aud civil free
Dom. England trdnspianted liberty TO America.
Spain ''"nspian'ed power. England, through the
agency OF private companies aud III efforts of in
ui'idoaiS, coion'zvd this part OF North America
ny industrious individuals, making their. own
way In the wilderness, defending themselves
ogi"s' 'ne sdVayes, recognizing t.elr ri ht To the
SOIL aud with general honest purpose Of intro
aucinS knowledge as we'll as Christianity amouy
then Spain stopped on South America lii,. >
falcon on lis prey. Every thing was gone. Ter.
fi'uries were acquired by fire aud sword. Cities
were destroyed by hre and sword. Hundreds of
thousands ei human beings Tell hy.iire and sword.
Even conversion TO Christianity was aueon,rd by
hrl and sword
BEHOLD, then, fellow-cili2ens, the difference re-
suItnS from The operation of the two principles
Here, to-day, OH The SUNNI, OF Bunker IIiii and
al lac loot oi the monument, behold the differ
encc! would that the fifty thousand voices pre-
sent could proclaim 1t with a Shout which should
b. heard over The globe! Our inheritance was or
liberty, secured and regulated BY law and en-.
hghtened by religion and knovlvdue: ,hu, oc
South America WAS OF power-S,rrm, ui,reIpu,in~
yrannicd, military power. And luck To the re-
Al tltl ,rGa. al .,.,l
. the human Face. And bchOld the results. in all
'he regions conquered by CoIluz and Pizarro and
th1 coWrdSted results here. l suppose The teIrty-
ny oi lie United States may amount TO the o,a
el-h'h or one'trnii oil that cuIonizcd hv Spaiu ON
this Continent, and yeti all that vast region ;b,re
ar hut between and two millions of Ear
p an color aud European blood; while i'm tn. ln
Tea States there are fourteen millions who reolce
In iheir descent from The people OF the more north
crn part OF Europe.
But we follow the difference in the oriyin,l
principle OF colonization, and in its character aud
objects, siill further We must look to n,or,,,,ni
Intellectual results; we must consider cons.
qdenccs, not only as they show themselves i'm tho
greater or less multipiica N OF men or the s,nuIv
oi ''etr physical wantS-but in their civilizations
improvement, and happiness. We mus, iuouirs
what progress has been made in the true scirnc,,
oil liberty, and in the knowledge Of the or.,,
principles OF seii.g0vernmemt
would not willingly say any thing on this oc
casion dIScoureous to The new Governments
Founded on the demolition of the powpr or ,b,
Spanish monarchy. They are vet on their trial
ana nope Tor d tivorblr result. But Truth sacred
uuih, and hdelity 10 The cause of civil liberty
conipeis me 10 say that hitherto they have disrn,
Veicu quite TOO tnucl oi the spirit OF that mouar-
Cny rom which they separated themselves
quite TOO frequent resort is made military force
and quite too much OF The substance of the u,onI
consumed in maintaining armies, not for defence
against ior.lgh aggression only, but for pnfnrciny
ouou"'"'e 10 domestic authority. Standing ar
niles are the oppressive Instruments for noyrT,in,,
the people III tile hands Of hereditary and arhi,ra
ny Honarchs. \ military Republic a Cavern
hcnt i"uudtd on mock elections and supnnr,.d
only ny the sword, is movement; indeed bui a
retfoSfade and disastrous movement from the.
,ioha'chlcai systems III men would enjoy the
DRESSINGS oil republican Government, thew must
govern themselves 10y reason, by mutual counsel
ana consultation, by Sense and feeling of rene-
raj interest, aud by the acquiesccnce Of the mi
hoIi'y III Inc VIII OF the majority, properly ex-
PresS d; and above all, the military must be krpI.
according to the language of our bill of rights IN
strict Snbordination 10 ihr civil authority. Wher-
ever THIS lesson is both learned and praclised
there can be no political freedom. Absurd pre-
posieroUs is It'd scott and satire on fire.. forms
81 constitutional liberty, for constitutions and
frames OF governIne nj 10 be prescribed by military
leaders, and the right OF suffrage to be exercised
at the point of the sword.
Making all allowance for situation and climate
u caniot be doubted by Intelligent minds that the
dl!Hrtnce now existing between North and SouIh
america Is Justly attributable, in a great decree.
10 political institutions. And how broad thai diff.
'efehce Is! Suppose an assembly, in one of the !
valleys, or On The sid OF one OF the liouut,jns IT
the southern half of the hemisphere, TO be held
THIS day III The neighhorhood OF ii l,rre c;iv. VIVA;
would be iile scene presented! Yonder is a vol. .
cano, flaming and smoking, but shedding 10 lohl. (
moral or intellectual. AT its foot is The mine.
lar
tai, Hat IN which labor is destined TO eternal and
nnreqa'ed toll, and aw.rdrG only Ly perjury and
beggary. The city IS filed with armed men not
Tree people. armed and coming forth voluntarily
To IfJoce Ia public Iesiivity; but hiremg troops,
supported by forced loans, excessive impostions
on commerce, or taxes wrGng from half fed and
hall clothed population. For the great there
are palaces covered with gold; for the poor there.
are novels oil The nitanesi sort. There is an ec-
cieelastcdi hierarchy enjoying the wealth of
princes; oul tneFe are no means of education TO
the people. Do public improvements favor inter.
course between place aud place So far from
this that The traveller caunot pass from town TO
town without danger, every mile, Of robbery and
assassination. | would not ovefchatpe or rxau-
geiate this picture; but its principal sketches are
all TOO true.
And bow does il contrast with the scene nov
Equally before as sbook round upon these fields
they are verdant and beautiful, well cultivated
and at iiiiS moment loaded With the riches Of the
eaEy harvest. The hands which ill them are /
Tree owners OF the soil, enjoying equal rights and
protected by law irom oppr, ssjon and tyranny .
Look 10 the thousand sells in MIR