Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1843-10-06

piled, hsHamily, to great extent, is cothed--aDd
IL prices fall, how far is he affected? Only on
the ercess Of his productions, which, not needing
them for consumption, he sends to market Sup.
pose this excess be 10 per cent. of his whole
product-while II prices fall then, it affects only
10 per cent. of his income. If it falls upon the
tropical plantation il runs through his whole pro-
duct, and affects his whole income But the FAR
mer who is governed by the other principle l
have mentioned, eats, drinks, and is clothed with
out care as TO prices He is his own consumer.
He buys of himself. His best consumer is HIM
SELF his wits, and his healthy children. These
IRE all supplied with no reference to or concern
for other markets. Thus, therefore, except as TO
the excess Of his productions above their wants
why should he care fig for the rise and fall OF
prices? This general truth may be, and doubt
less is, modified by many considerations 1t may
be that country like yours, engaged in grain
growing, is q country in which you look to the
sue of that great commodity for other MEANS
But there can, nevertheless, be found no other 10
which the elements of life make oil comfortable
and happy and secure in an equal degree, against
famine and want, let the agiIaiions, and excite
ments, and changes of the commercial world be
what they may Gentlemen, in my judgment 1t
is this independence Of occasional change, this
self support by our own means, secured by the
cultivation of our own soil by our own hands,
which gives the farmer of the United States that
independent character which constitutes his re-
spect and value as a man and citizen.
Gentlemen, this reflection might lie pursued at
great length. 1t might be made to appear to what
extent it affects the character of Society. Why,
what is The Society in plantation establishment mt
in the West Indies ? There is no society There
is a capitalist and there is labor of particular de.
scrpon: but Society, Society Of intelligent,
free sprits-there is none, none, NOME and there
never can be |! 1t is, therefore, in the temperate
climaes-in the rich and favored spots of God !;
it is, therefore, gentlemen, beneath such sun
as shines on you and on such an Earth as that
which you tread, that the truest development of
a strong society is to be made that can ever be
witnessed on the Earth. cloud Cheers.) Cen
tlemen every body knows that at The foundation
of all that is important in human life lies this great
business-he cultivation ofthe Earth. Iii were
Tor his sons that MAN was condemned TO till the
land, il wns the mt st merclful judgment That AL
mighty benignily could have inflicted upon him !!
Loud and repeated cheers.)
Now, gentlemen, in regard to the great interests
of Agriculture, there are things which individuals
may do for themselves. And there are things too,
which the collected sense-the collected agency
of individuals, that is, which GOVERNMENT must
do for them. What they car do themselves, they
must be left to do for themselves. But, as have
sad there are great objects, greet interests, great
arrangements, which are necessary for the enrich
ment OF the fields of Agriculture, for every one
who ts them, which belong 10 Government and
which Government is not in the fulfilmcnt of lis
duties when it disregards or negects. Individu =
ais NAV Judge on such instruction as they can OBJ
tain, of the character of soil, and of climate
They may Judge Of the implements and modes OF
husbandry. This is the scope, indeed, OF Judg-
msnt, OF experience, of association, Of a compar-
ison of ideas and comparison of experiments
which institutions like yours particularly in
tended to bring together. You have here spread
out the means of Judging what implements OF Ag-
ricuure, what modes OF cultivation, are best n
dapted TO produce any desired result: and the
study of ihes, constitutes the education of the
Farmer. This is TO be done by individuals and
by individual associations But there are Other
things in Agriculture, as in other interests of So
ciety which need the aid of Government u
would be strange if it were otherwise :-slranse
indeed, if Government, the collected agency o
the whole people, should find employment with
regard to other things, and yet be discharged from
all duty with regard TO that elementary, that IN
dispensabe interest, the cultivation OF the heds'
There are interests Of Agriculture too large and
distant for individuals 10 govern aud regulate
These Government must attend to. What are
they? | shall not 60 through them all, because
il does not become me, and because J am not a
bout to read lectures to Government in general
or 10 our own government in particular. (Cheer:
and laughter) But there are things which indi'
yiduas cannot do for themselves and which, there
FORE are the very objects which it is the duty o.
Government to do for them. So it is in other re-
spects. If an individual cannot protect hmsel
against assault aud violence, the Government mus
protect him. II individuals cannot open for them
selves a market, Government must do It for then
the general agency OF society must be called in
The whole theory Of Government, if we separate
il from divine right, il we consider il as existing
for the good of the governed implies that Govern
ment is to do for inlividua what individuals can
not do for themselves. Now there are thing
| which individuals cannot do for themselves, to
| they require The contributions OF many they re
| quire arrangement system, regulation, assess
! ments, administration. And what are they
In the frs, place, so far, land wish TO speak o
il no farther,) SO far the interest of Agrcultur
| is concerned, it's first demand on Government is
after that Protection Il do not use the word IN
political sense,) after that Protection of the Law
which secures to every man the earnings oil III
own labor-alter this the duty of Government 4
Agriculture is to give an easy transmission Of ii
products to the place Of sale and consumption; be
cause, in our clmalo-in any climate huma
| life, if we carry our ideas beyond mere necessity
calls for things, the products of other climates tn
fruits of the labor of other persons in other part
of the world and therefore there is always ne
cessity for commercial exchange for dlsposlng
the surplus productions of one climate for thos
of another, and thus TO become possessed oil win
are commonly regarded as the Injuries OF IN
Uut winch are He COtHloTts, o'o VI
products of the labor of different quarters
Therefore one great object and duty of govern
ment is to see that The products of the Jdrmt
may be easily and speedily transported to the plac
of consumption or sale. need not say, gentlemen
{ that you in Western York, are u striking, and
doubt not grateful example Of the excellent syt
, tenn of laws and policy which has prevailed
your state end given you an easy transmission I
4 the products Of your rich soil and industrious Il
Dor 10 a place of sale or consumption (cheers.
) Who is there here now that does not feel the b.
. neicence, the wisdom, the patriotism of Clinic
and the other projectors OF your vast internal in
; provements loud cheers.) Party violence or pa
~ injustice may dim for time, and prejudice ma
njure, and malignty may rail but there cann'
' be, am sure there is not-an honest man IN a
Western New York, on whose heart The memol
. of CLINTON is not indelibly engraved (Enlh'
siasiic applause and cheers) Gentlemen, in this r.
spect your position ennobes you beyond any thin
r on the fhce Of the EARTH New York city has bee
f brought very near your doors The great Emp