New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1843-01-16

| tanned about thirty thousand people oh lhs osalA
Of Gov. Matthew'S, in 1859, the Assembly elssted
Sir William Berkeley Governor, and he as Royal
ist, accepted the Office in prospect OF tie ressora-
ton of Monarchy. acknowledging himself to De the
servant of the Assembly. According 10 Chalmers
the Colonists proclaimed Charles Second. King of
England, Scotland, Ireland ard Virginia, before
his restoration 10 the crown of England. Soon
after his accession to power the King confirmed
the appointment of Governor Berkeley, and in 1877
new Charter was granted TO the Colony, which
continued in force until the people made a Char
ter for themselves in l776.
An examination of the History OF Virginia shows
that, while the Colonies Of New-Engand owed
their origin and settlement to the Puritans who
emigrated to this continent for the purpose
of enjoying religious privileges unmosletedi the
Colony of Virginia was established for purPo-
ses Of trade and commerce, and that the poPula-
ton was increased during the civil wars by the eX-
tensive emigration OF Cavaliers, as those attached
TO the royal cause were called. The great major
ty of the Colonists of Virginia were EpiscoFalians
and attached to the Church of England; tae rcli-
gion Of that Church indeed was established by law
in the Colony We have seen that the people were
attached to the royal cause, and no doubt they re-
ioiccd at The restoration of the King. MIR. Jefer-
son says that, Possessed as they became, OF the
powers of making. administering and executing the
laws they showed equal intolerance in this coun-
try with the Presbyterian brethren who had emf
grated to the northern government. Several acts
of the Virginia Assembly of 1859, 1862 and 1893
had made it penal in parents refuse to have their
children baptized had prohibited the unlawful as
sembng of Quakers had made it email fer any
master of vessel TO bring Quaker the State,
&c. IF no execution took place here, as did in New
England i: was not owing to the moderation Of the
Church, or spirit of the Legislature; but to hstor
icel circumstances which have not been handed
deyn TO u.s. The Anglcans retained full possession
of the country about century. Other opinions
be gan to creep in and two-thirds of the people had
become dissenters at the commencement OF the
Revolution. (NoteS on Virginia. From other
authorities we learn that from the settlement OF the
Colony to the time of Cromwell, an uniformity to
the doctrines and discipline Of the Church of En-
gland was strictly enj9ned ali non-conformists
compelled to leave the colony with all convenience
Roman Catholics disabled from holding any
office, and their priests not suffered foreman more
than FIVE days in the country. The first settlers
South of Virginia were refugees from that Colony,
fleeing from Church prosecutions, who established
themselves in North Carolina between l640 and
| 1850.
1t thus appears, that the oldest English Colonies
| in America namely those of Virginia and New
England, were established and settled by two dig
tinct classes of Englishmen called during the civil
wars, /" CacalierS," or Royals,s, and I" Puritans,
or Republicans "NcwEngland, says Edmund
Burke, "rcceived its principal assistance from the
discomfort of several great men of the Puritan
party who its protectors, and who enter
tanned design OF settling amongst them in New
England il they should fail in the measures they
were pursuing for establishing the liberty and re-
forming the religion of their mother country. They
solicited grants in New-England ard were at q
great expense in settling them. Amongst these
patentees we see the Lords Brook, Say and Seal,
the Pclhams, the Hampdans and the Pyms; the
names which afterwards appeared with so much
eclat upon greater stage. 1t was said that Sir
Matthew Boynton, Sir William Constable, Sir Ar
thur Haslerg and Oliver Cromwell were actually
upon the point of cmbarking for New-England,
when Archbishop Lard applied fer and obtained
an order from Court to put stop to these trans
por,ations.
Having in our last number traced the progress
of the Pltrttans ana their descendants from their
first settlement in New England TO the present
time, we will now take comparative view of the
advances which have been made in population
wealth, sc. by their brethren the Cdcoliers, who
commenced their career in America By the settle
mcnt of Virginia
! The State of Virginia contains larger surface
of territory than the six New-Englaud States, the
area of the former being stated by MIR. Martin, a
Virginia ecosrapher, at IS ,6o4 square miles, while
the extent OF the Now England States is about
81 600 In climate soil, minerals, extent of nav
gable waters, and many other advantages The SUI
periori,y is conceded to Virginia. The extent Of
arabic land is estimated at $4,000 square miles,
capable of sustaining a population OF five millions
Few countries" says Martin, possess greater
advantages than Virginia for success In manuiac-
turing; she has labor cheap and abundant, mex
haustiblc supplies Of fuel, and almost unlimited
water power" Mr.. Jefferson says: {" 1t is not
easy to say what the articles either Of necessi
ty, comfer or luxury which we cannot raise, Us
every thing harder than the olive and as hardy as
the fig may be raised here in the open air. Not
withstandins these advantages, the annexed tables
will show how much behind New-England the
State of Virginia is in population and the substan
,ial elements ofprospcrty, as well as in moral and
intellectual improvement.