The Arkansas banner., 1843-12-02

with certain notifications, the treaty of Fort Meigs, and for the acquisition of land in h. dianG. In 1919 he assisted in the treaty held at Sagano, by which large relinGuishments were obtained from the Indians in Michigan. In all these negotiations, Gov. CAss acted on the principle of frankness and fair reci- procity.
 Two events occurred this year in Michi- gan, which gave new aspect to her hopes and promises of prosperity. One was the privilege of eleeting a Delegate to Congress :; the other was the sale of public lands within the Territory. No one exerted himself with more zeal to effect these improvements, than the Governor, as he was convinced that the
 introduction of the elective franchise among the people would elevate their political cha racter; and that by the sale of the public land, the population and prosperity of the country would be rapidly advanced.
 Tn 1920, an expedition was planned by Gov. CAss, under the sanction of Mr. Cal
 houn, then Secretary of War, the object of
 which was to pass through Lake Superior. cross the country to the Mississippi, explore
 the sources of that river, and establish an in-
 
 route. The parties combined persons of sci euce, who were capable of ascertaining the physical character of the country, and of making an instructive report, among whom were Mr. Schoolcraft, and Capt. Douglass of the corps of engineers. \ preliminary object was to inform the Indians at the Sault de St. Marie of the intention of Government to esta- blish military post at that point, and to de- termine the site. On his arrival there, Gov CAss assembled the Indians, and made known the object ill view. Being under the influence of chief who was notoriousIy dis affected towards the United States, they heard the proposition with evident il will, and broke up the council with every appearance of hostile intentions. They returned to their encampment, immediately transported their women and children over the river, and raised British flag, as if in token of defiance Gov. CAss at once adopted the only course suited to the emergency. Taking only an interpreter with him, he advanced to the In- dian encampment, and pulled down, with his own hands, the Anglo-savage flag, directing the interpreter to inform the Indians that they were within the jurisdiction of the United States, and that no other flag than theirs must be allowed to wave over 1t. Having given this bold and practical rebuke, he returned to his party, taking with him the flag, and leav- ing the Indians to further reflection The moral influence of this opportune and seem lngly perllous step, was immediately seen; new overtures were made by the Indians, which led to an amicable and satisfactory ad- fha If fho most of its scientific results, have been pub lished ill Mr. SchoOlcraft's interesting jour- nal
 In 1891, the services of Gov. CAss were again brought into requisition by the Govern ment, to assist i'll another treaty at Chicago
 He embarked at Detroit, in birch canoe, as cended the Maumee, crossed into the Wabash. descended that river to the Ohio, went down the Ohio to the Mississippi, and aseended that and the Illinois to Chicago. By the treaty formed there, all the country. in Michigan, not before ceded south of Grand, River, was acquired
 In 1923, Gov. CAss concluded an arrange ment with the Delaware Indians, by which they ceded some valuable tracts on the Mus kingum, in Ohio.
 In 1925, he proceeded to Prairie du Chien, where, in conjunction with General Clark, reaty of general pacifcation was concluded lmong the north-westefly tribes. In his tour of 1920, Gov. CAss had observed that one abundant source of contention among the In- llans arose from uncertain or undefned | boundaries. In order to remove this cause. | s many as practicable were collected at this | lme, III order to asGertain, by tradition and [ ustom, and establish, by general consent, [ he limits of each dominion. Much difficulty | attended this negotiation, as each tribe appre- lended dimination of its own power, and ln increase of its neighbours But the ob- ects of the treaty were in part attained A common acceptance of certain geographical | or other known boundaries, was obtained.- The beneficial effects of this important treaty will be accruing with each coming year. Although many may dissent from the terms 'f the treaty, for time. yet lines of Separa- ion, defined with so much solemnity, and by | uch general consent, will at last be appealed | O as decisive, and become unalterably fixed | Var will still prevail, but border contests, the most mveterate and sanginary, may be ap- ceased. The following year he again tra- ersed the great lakes, to fulfil the benevolent of Government. A treaty was held t Fond du Lac, with those tribes who were DO remote from Prairie du Chien to have met here. The great object of these treaties was o remove the causes of contention between he tribes, by inducing them to accept of cer- ain geographical or other known boundaries, $ the limits of each dominion. Col. M'- \enney, who was associated with Gov. CAss m this occasion, has given lively and pie uresque account of the excursion Another reaty was made on the Wabash, on their re- urn from Lake Superior, by which the h. ians ceded large tract of land in Indiana.
 In 1927, treaties were negotiated at Green Bay and St. Josephs. Gov. CAss was an gent Tn both On his arrival at Green Bay, Instead of finding the Winnebagoes, who were have been parties in the negotiation. he earned that they were collecting hostile bo- Iies, for the purpose of waging war against r he whites. With his usual promptitude, he dapted his course to the emergency. Elm 'arking in birch canoe, he ascended the Fox