Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1843-06-30


with the hope of gain, and with the expectation
Of hnding mines of great wealth in North Amer-
CO not unwilling to diversity its proceedings by
occasional cruises against the Spanish in the In
dian seas Urged by such motives they crossed
and recrossed the ocean with a rapidly and dar-
ing which, in that day, might we'll excite surprise.
The other cause was most active in the settle
ment OF New England. When the Mayhower
sought our shores she carried no high. wrought
hopes Of commercial gan-there was the love Of
a new and strange home --sho bore
no purpose of warlike or hostile enterprise sol
enn prayers, on her departure from the sea-const
Of Holland, had invoked for her the blessings Of
heaven. She put forth like the dove from the
ark in pursuit only Of rest. The stars that guid-
ed her course were The consultations OF religion
and liberty, her deck was the altar of the living
God and Prayers mingled with the voices Of ocean
and the signing of the winds. lf prosperous
breezes filled her Sails and carried the pilgrims
forward to their unknown homes in distant land,
they awakened new anthems Of praise If the ell
einen's were wrought into iury-if the sea tossed
they Fragile bark from billow to bow, like reed
or feather, not all the power of tempest-not all
the darkness of the bowling midnight storm could
shake in man woman, the firm purpose OF
their soul, to undergo all, and TO do all which the
mech est patience, boldest resolution, and the stead
iesi reliance OH heaven could enable human be-
iDgs TO perform. For they knew that while they
had perilous duties to perform, and unknown des-
tnlrs TO encounter, Ibe power Of an Almighty
God was always over them, and, living or dying,
on the sea or OH the laud-they were always ell
comprised in the arns of everlasting love.
Sumo differences may lie Traced through the his
tory aud circumstances Of Virgna and New Eng
land 1T is the pleasing variety between the men,
beers OF "A large family. (Cheers.)
t. flcos omnibus una,
Nee dversa tomen, qualcm deceit sororum."
Their differences of habit have been modified
by local causes ms they hive had throughout The
same sentiments aud objects in view they alike
adopted the principles OF English Jurisdiction, and
what at first might have separated them dsap-
pedred IN the progress OF time, and intercourse,
with the necessity OF some degree Of CO operation,
till it gave way TO a mutual respect and regard
They fought together against France in the colo
NAL tmes-the revolution forged new links TO u
n,e them; aud, fortunately and happily, the pres.
ent form OF government has bound them more
closely togcler,-unlil we have nike, whatever
our origin, whatever our native soil, only one
country, one constitution, one destiny. (Enthus-
astc cheering.)
The col, nza,ion of the tropical regions and
South America, by spain ami Portugal, was con-
Quoted on other principles, actuated by other mo-
tlves, and produced far other consequences From
the time OF the discovery, the Spanish Govern
ment pushed forward her coonsts with the ut
most vigor and eagcrness SO that long before any
settlements had been made in the north she had
planted hers in Mexico, Peru, and Chill and had
| stretched her power over nearly oil the territory
she ever ncquli ed on this continent. As early as
1850 or 1882 that is, just about the period of the
| settlement of this colony of Massachusetts, Spain
had taken possession actually in many cases, and
at least formally of every foot Of land between
| Florida and Cape Horn. The rapidly and eager
ness OF these conquests was not to be wholly as
cribed 10 The rapacty of the numerous bands oil
adventures. The mines of gold and silver excl
ted them indeed to effort, and on application 10
| government, The natives were set TO work in the
| mines love Of gold grew up, of gold not pro.
dA,d by industry, but dug from the earth which
had been ravighed from its possessors by the cru
city and avarice which became the ruling passions
OF the conquerors. Even Columbus himself did
not wholly escape from the influences of these
courses, and we find him in his voyages continual
ly nquiring of the natives for gold, as if God had
orened the new world 10 the old, only TO give new
means to excite the most degrading passion, lead
| ing men 10 draw the sword against their fellow
| men in cruelty and ruthless rapucily. Coumbu:
was above his age, as his life shows hut he doubt
less addressed his followers by such motives III
would be most likely TO lead them on. He regar
ded the new world as all ready TO he seized ant
enjoyed. II was military colony. The Span
ish Government ucted by its usual means, and tina
was by military embassies. Her standing armie
were the SOURCES Of her power and perogative.-
Standing armies in time of peace for the purpos
es OF domestic government nre The portion OF per
feet despotisin. There was no liberty in Spain
Spain could transmit none TO America.
The colonisls of New England were free the
were an independent class, among whom libert
first revived from its sleep of the dark ages
Spain gave TO her colonies arbitrary monarchs an
armed soldiers; England secured TO hers thei
personal rights. England transmitted her liberI
10 America; Spain, her power. The Englisl
colonists followed out their industrious purpose
in their own way, depending on themselves 70
III
original holders Of the SOIL and with genera
honesty Of purposej introduced the fruits OF CT,
zation and reigo into their new found Ian,
Spain, on the other hand, stopped like falcon uI
OH her newly acquired territories, destroyed the
industry with fire and sword carried cities Of hur
dreds OF thousands of human beings with fire an
sword, and even conversion TO the Christian fait
was attempted by fire aud sword. This was tn
difference between these colonies, the besse
difference and even 10 day the same differenc
exists, aud would that thousands of voices to.du
from the summit OF Bunker Hill could proclaim
thar il still exists by shout that should bs hear
over The globe. (Cheers.) Our inheritance W
liberty, security, law, enlightened by knowedl
aud eliglon that of the South American COLI
! MES was power,-Iyrannicul, military, power.
Look nj the results az they IRE developed at q
= two ends OF the continent. ] suppose that Il
{ United States comprises n territory OF about on
, eighth or one-tent Of the Spanish dolninions
q dvuTi America. ct ~ all that large region the
: ure probably not more Than one or two millions
@ persons Of European color and blood, while
this country, OF one eighth part, the size the
i are fourteen millions OF happy and intelleclu
i citizens of free States. Cheersl
d If we follow these principles Of colonizoi'
II still further shall find that their different efe,
n in the multiplication of population is not The on
o one, but that The consequences show themselv
Q in differences Of civilization and the moral IN
Y, provement of mankind. The true secret Of Ii
a city and The really great principle Of goyernme
II have not been fully understood by these new X
n publics. would not willingly say any thing d
IF coreous of governments yet on trial, hut lru
% that sacred truth and fidelity, from which "
% never iaer, to the cause oil true liberty, comp
m me to say that the new Republics of South Am
as lea are quite 100 much disposed TO par,ake OF
TO sentiments aud practices Of The absolute monar'
n les from which they have freed themselves. TIL
to make too frequent use of military power Star