The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1843-10-23

on our hands, we should employ our lnuusuy IN INC
most disadvanageous possible way Blu. tnen we nave
no such privileges and advantages, and we never
can have them. By an established policy, and In
deed from necessity, every nation supplies Its own
demand produce divisions and MATERIAL as lar
CAM and every nation can do 30 IN very great degree
and say, that the annual supply of provisions
and materials including great staples Of cotton rice
aud tobacco which we now furnish to other countries,
is on the whole nearly large this day as il ever
viii be, or ever can be, under any supposable circum
Particular articles among these exports may be
increased but the sum of them will scarcely be enlarged
From all this plain that nothing is left do but to
turn our thoughts homewards and inwards, and bring
sbo. there by internal arrangement the fullest and
most advantageous employment Of capitol and indus
try that We have seen how this is to be done
God has constituted men, and ordered the affairs of
this world that they must live together in separate
onai families, and he gives to each nation, without
cesary dependence other and in spite Of the self
sh policy OF any otheraud also without injury to any
abundant ability and means by its inter
nal poity Of building itself up in wealth. and in all the
cultivation, refinement, and enjoy ment TO which wealth
contributes II has only establish and maintain d.
versity employment in the society that between and
among three principal classes departments mutually
dependent each and adjusted and adapted each
Other In harmonious proportion all the elements OF pro-
ducon all the capital and industry the whole society
may be brought into u Free and energetic action. This
done, the result is certain to follow 1t may make itself
as rich as ancient Egypt or modern China by this
internal cultivation, tut with a much juster dis
It'll tioation OF NE earnings ana wealth between
and capital adding, at the same time, the elevating,
ing and civilizing operations Of liberal judi
cous and extended foreign intercourse and In
this every field of profitable enterprise ill be
pied as far as the hands and means Of the time GO
The SOIL the forest the mines the rivers the sea-these
will be made 10 give up their abundant supplies of rude
produce-o provisions and materialsfor the and
business OF the whole society. These materials and
others OF indispensable need from abroad portion OF the
society seizng the water falls the wind and what
ever other element power nature may be made to YIELD
VIII work up and elaborate into ten thousand shapes OF
utility and beauty Tor the and pleasure of ALL Trade
and commerce. internal and extcrna-csrrying for all
and activity to alleamalg amating and consolidating the
society at home and bringing to footing of easy IA
miliar prohting end delightful intercourse with all the
national families Of the earth-trade and will
crown and consummae the business and operations Of the
the society Diversity OF soil and climate between diff
eren countries with the diversity which exists among
the inhabitants Of these countries in capacity skill,
knowledge and habits, is the true foundation Of foreign
anguish but to be profitable to the home country it
must empty itself mainly with the exchange of manutsc
ured and little with carrying forth rude produce such
can be prohtably consumed or wrought at home and
will be sure to increase proportion the grow
ing wealth OF the home country effected by the full and
pohtable employment OF all the capital and industry oil the
society. Internal commerce. which already exchanges
thousand millions in value of the products of industry
hundred monsths has its existence in the annual ex.
changeabe values produced by the whole society and
grows only by their growth. Ayriculture-the whole
department OF labor which is employees the earth in
the earth in the production of food and of materials
in nearly all s branches and varieties
have in the long but safe steady reliable and
profitable market and this is home except indeed for
surplus, after all has been consumed at home that the
whole industry OF the society when fully employed can
consume affirm this Of cotton, just as do of corn.
For the great bulk and burthen of agricultural products
there is and can be other market whatever And the
home market for agriculture will be just what the home
policy OF the country shall make it, II that policy shall
cherish sustain build up and expand the mechanical and
extent of supplying the home demand for manufactures
Just in the same degree it will of necessity CHERISH
he as inseparable as the siamese twins but in
this case nsepsrsbe by the true of naturenot
by an anomaly in it. Mutually, reciprocal demand and
exchange and just proportion easily adjusting itself if
be not disturbed by foreign between these
and between them and commercethis will give
success and prosperity to all. And now Mr.. President
and gentlemen of the Institute word in regard
the which may prevent disturb the perfection
and harmony which have Insisted on so much as nds.
pensabe to national progress sud prosperity and
gard to the msnner in which this proportion and harmo
ny may be preserved. With this, shall relieve your
patience. l shall not depart from the rule |
have prescribed to myself all alopg-,o treat this
whole subject as belonging altogether to scence-a
in no manner or degree to politics party. In such
apiace and on such OCCASION and with such theme
then the which mainly prevent or disturb proper
ton and harmony in the application of the capital of
country to the best employment OF its industry found
IN the state OF Its foreign commercial relations There
are domestic causes but these notice now Flo.
reign nations continually striving how to keep their
labor employed Population crowds subsistence, and
the demand for work employment exceeds the supply
Wages are low labor tolls for bare subsis ence and
often does ge, that for its toll but il is eked cut
from the poor rates The produce this labor
Sold and as it is in excess for the home market must be
sold abroad AM if need be- sold tor prsh This is
often the least Furthermore way in which capital and
property holders can support paHper population keep
the population from falling into absolute pauperism
sometimes, for considerable periods only the general
workshops of great national poor house mention this
goods often found flooding the mark cts of country
our own for example so cheap rate to defy all do
mestc competition in producing them Ohe also
operate TO which have no time to refer. do not know
there be one civilized country the world with which
hold extensive intercourse which does
shape its legislation and policy expressly with view TO
employ and protect is industry and 80 as to enable
hat industry IN the absence Of protective laws
for its surplus products The question then what
hall be done in such q case II expressly belongs
o the science OF social economy to settle such aques
ion. What does that science answer7 lanswers that
nation like this of cannot employ its industry
lilly and sdvantsgeously without class Of
society that without this the other classes and espe
,iay the sgrculturs and those who engaged in the
production OF provisions and Of rude Materials
prosperous that such class Of manufacturers cannot
exist in the country cannot be built within any
reasonable tme SO long foreign nations with the ad
Fsntages they possess in the peculiarly OF their condition
md 10 their laws permitted to themselves Of
our domestic market for their manufactured PRODUCTS
enc ha ne Of the country
population with all reasonable and proper defences
against those nvasions and encroschmens from abroad
which, SO long az they last necessarily derange and
lesroy that proportional Diversity Of employ ment
which alone the prosperity can be advanced.
And this science Of social economy goes farther. II de-
,lares all theory and specuaton 10 the contrary not
that the policy which builds up and
ANS domestic Manufactures actually raises instead of
depressing the prices and value ofthc agrcu
ural and all other labor. 1t declares II to be
rule that the best market for rude produce 10 the home
Market and the larger the beer such produce finds
comparatively Instantaneous market abroad when
exchanged for foreign manufactures bearing even the
cheapest prices long capital and labor in the home
country remain in any degree unemployed not pfo
htsbly employed in productions and that the only Of
securing permanently to the country supply Of manu-
features of the best quality and at the cheapest rates. is 10
keep the materials of such manufactures, IL have
them at heme far may be necessary domestic
supplies, at least to be wrought up there. Finally il
declares hat 10 only the surplus OF rude produce
after our own population is fully fed anil fully employed
and our own wants have been fully supplied with anu
lectures out OF it, that should be sent abroad and that
even then the more send abroad of all the sur
plus we produce in the shape OF prepared and wrought
articles and fabrics in exchange and pay ment for the
products and luxures OF foreign cmes and countries
the more safe and the more advantageous and
VIII be our foreign commerce. Mr.. President and
Gentlemen,-I take my leave Of the subject for