Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1843-03-18

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become or The nrodnce OF farmers while the pro
cess IS uonr on In the language of the tre say
ing twill no, The s,eed siar'e While 'he grass Is grow"
ing e ,he
coun,ry chow that The prices Of agricultural products
tava been mos, depressed in high farm times
The ;ns;nceri,y oi the pretcnce, ha, an object Of
the Tariff is 10 create market lot our surplus ~
cultural products, is shown ny ,nc iac'' 'ha' d, '''
WON En,ia,d has relaxed her Corn Laws, aud IS pro
n,. IN, rrther notifications Of theni, we slam the
doo- ~ her face and III all hope oil trade WIN
US upon liberal II the advocates OF ,'e I"i."
are sincere however, their course Is most h'cho'e"'
,,1 demonstrates that statesmen, they are ci'iief
r., no ,,,u not swell this address BY referring 10
ohar nernc,ors effects o! this system, as import
aut as t.ev re-to the great mere .. EAve''e pa
irona re- IN The band oil officers winch II VII! MAKE ne
csssoT n ,-eyen, the smuggling II Will Inviie-to The
d.mor,Iynr effects al this practice upon our people
and Ia the urea! patronage growing out OF the large
,a,o,,i. al, rajse 50 fri.hiuy al with the sp-
RI, Of onr free institutions These and many more might
be dwell. upon, but we iofoeaF
From wha; we haze said, we do not desire to be con
sidered rs the enemy OF manufacturers Although
wp halieve there is n peculiar conseniality between
agricnl,u,, nursui,s aud Republican institutions and
are unuil;nr therefore, 10 manufactures establish.
ed at The expense and 10 the exclusion oil te yet we
are Willing 10 manufactures inlsoanced whenever
the caun,r is ripe for them Whenever that is the case
ev h. introduced without the interference OF Co.
yerneut until then, they should not be by that 'nerer
ance Oar only fear is, that Tariff fer revenue alone
Will afford such protection as To cause many OF theh 10
be introduced premalurey. That protection IS much
greater than IS generally supposed The memorial oil
tho New York merchants presented to Congress at The
extra session. says "rweny per cent duty is pro-
lection Of less than forty per ccntum To domesllc
manufacurcs-because in addition TO TIE dnly, 'ie
expenses If importation is about seven ana hai per
centu and the profit the importer Is about twelve
nd h1if Is this not protection enough :.
Are there any manufactures Tor which the country *
ripe, winch cannot prosper under protection oil Az
per cent? Let II be said that in giving prefer
ence 10 agricultural pursuits in this country, where
land is 81 cheap and the soil and climate so admirably
atanicd 10 them, express u prediction for condi
to. o things winch Will leave ue dependent on foreign
countries. On the contrary, the reverse is the case
II requires but little reflection 10 show, that the agrI-
cuturisi, who supplies the manufacturer with the rh"
material aud with food is the most independent oil The
two The farmer can dispense with the tihrcs OF The
manufacturer for time with bat little inconvenience
bu the latter cannot dispense with the products OF The
farmer for day, without ruin. Without the raw ma
er!a and food furnished by the agrIcuurst, his manu-
factory would stop and his operatives would sarve.
4 CALM OBSERVER.
APPENplX.
al In Massachusetts there S7,S37 persons en-
gagged IN agriculture, and Sol16 in manufactures ano
rades-sbout an equal number in each pursuit. In
Rhode Island there rs G25 engaged in agriculture,
and q 900 manufactures and trades beng more iis
fourth more engaged IN the latter pursuit than Inc
former In Virginia there are 3lo,1I engaged IN agF-
culture, ard u 40 manufactures and trades up
wards Of IL TO one And II must be borne IN mind,
that those engaged in manufactures and trades IN VIZ.
ninia are not of that class which are benefited by 4
Tariff of protection They are principally loiners,
smiths, shoemakcrs Nc, whose interest," as Tar as
Tariff goes, is identical with The agricuur'st, as their
pursui. ntereTed with by foreign competition,
as they are themselves The OF the fabrics OF
the manufactures That they are oil this class Is
shown by the fact that in Eastern Virginia, where our
cotton manufactures exist there are 222 ~ engaged
in agriculture, and only l,s@9 IN manufactures and
trades-upwards of - TO whereas IN Western Nf-
gina where there scarcely any manufacturing
Establishments there 9.9ii engaged agriculture,
aud 1850 manufactures and tades-no quit" b TOT
l. Let us extend the calculation TO the entire ma
nu;curng district, comprising Massachusetts, thode
:iamA Connecticut, the Southern district OF New York,
New Jersey and East pennSylvan and we find that
there little upwards of two engaged IN agrcul'
ue 10 one enraced IN manufactures and trades Where
as IN The staple States comprising Virginia, North Ca
rona, South Carolina Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi,
LOUISIANA and Arkansas, there are j. " G0, or near
~ engaged agriculture for every engaged IN ma
nuacufes and trades. And doubtless, those engaged
III the latter pursuits, were principally OF the class OF
lginers, smiths, Nc, who are not benefited by laFiH
/ OF protection
IN i,v calculation, based upon the late census, IT
appears that in the whole country East of the Allie
nhany Mountains, including New England, New FORK
and PENNSYLVANIA, and far South as Georgia, there
are raised no headstuis Than necessary Tor lis
owr c-sSnSr rc5H-
sylvania, and Virginia. lcss-hut take the entire dis
trict together and II produces more than 1t con-
sumes The only portion of The country which pro-
duccS surplus for expectation is The Northwestern
States; and these conveniently expoT, through
Canada: By dong which, they have access 10 line
English market amos, free of duty. II shipments
occasionally made from the Eastern Cities it il of
Western produce; or, il Of Eastern the fill.
cd by Western produce
(c) The following table shows The effect OF the Ia.
.,.i policy navigation interest which IS the nn:
soty Of the who To man our Navy, al all
times our best oi defence. II viii be seen, that
the tine WHEN the ai,il policy introduced, u hen
lis fleets began la be- developed, and l-i0, wien
were only GrProtmatH4 free trade, taken Tor the
comparison
Tons
The tonnage Of the U. States employed in
Io,ciga naGc, II the close o! the year
lo2l, was GG9,972
The same tonnage Il. the close OF $50, was 51G,415
Falling off in T. States, G3l97
The same tonnage for Virginia, at
the close Of 1874 was 1880
The tonnage for Virginia. at
the close Of 1880, was 10,06l
Falling off in Virginia, $50
The tonnage OF the United States employed
IL the cOas"ng t'ade, al the close of lo2i,
was 7l9,l90
The same Tonnage, at The close Of 1850, GI5,3ol
Falling off in u. S, l03,-s9
The same tonnage for Virginia, at
the close Of 1924 was 1889
The same tonnage for Virginia, at
the close Of lei0 23o0O
Falling Of in Virginia, 1886
The tonnage of the u. 5. employed in fO.
rtign trGdc, ., the close of 1880, was $40 l75
The same tonnage at close Of lei0, coo,7Gl
Increase for the u. S, 523, 2-9
The same tonnage Tor Virginia, at
close OF 1850, l0OGl
Tie {; close OF lci1, l;,50J
Increase Tor Virginia, 3,iil
The tonnage OF the L. ) employed in the
Coa>t;ag tyade, a; close o! 1880. ,,:.;0i
Tie same tonnage 81 the close Of 1910, l27o,939
Increase for the L. S, G65 ,G.5
The Tonnage for Virginia, at