The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1843-12-19

the wisdom of that constitution just subject for
admiration the valor by which the rights make
government and guidance Of free people, who claimed
be free in their religion well as in their civil rights
and opinions it was formed to secure at order
and equality of rights and considering the
purpose which it intended to accomplish,
he regarded the constitution of the United States
nument OF wisdom instrument of liberty and right
equalled unrivaIed in the annals OF the human race
great cheerng) Every separate provision of that i'm
mortal document stamped with the features of wis
dom and yet among its wise provisions that hich he
regarded the wisest of ALL the brief simple but
comprehensive declaration that Congress shall make no
laws respecting the establishment of religion prohibit
the free exercise thereof" (Grea cheers This event
forming epoch in the history of governments, took
imitator among either the Protestant the Catholic
states of the world and the only nations that had follow
subject upon which he had 10 speak was obviously too
ample to permit him to enter into detail indulge in the
critical business Of citing historical authority. In truth
was rather the spirit and philosophy OF history
garded his subject that must engage his attention but
the time he would not have imagined he about
held himself Tesponsbe for the historical eorreetness
of what he should advance, and he was prepared with
dates and facts and special authority from conemporane
Gus historians whenever II might be necessary to use
them. Cheers) There was another remark also which
il was important to keep in view in considering this SUBJ
ect and this was that in examining any complex histori
cal question, especially question connected with the de-
velopment of civilization should not read the subject
BACKWARDS Cheers) III rldlcule Columbus and
his associates for not having made the discovery Of Amer
lea in steamers this would be what he CDR Hughss called
reading history backwards. Cheers. His (Coumbus gal
liant little squadron composed of almost open boats and
if he had not been able to accomplish such discovery
quite probable that the would have felt
power of steam Cheers) There was in nations growth
and development Of the public mind, analogous to that
OF the individual understanding with this difference that
in nations the progress counted by centuries while in in
therefore, by the present was absurd (Cheers3 The
benefit Of studying history at all consisted in the wis
only result from the truth Which It contained and the
truth could be discovered only by studying il in the
right manner Qiear) In fact there Yves another great
difference between the individual and the public mind
The former trained by other minds already rpen
ed but the latter had no such tutor The aggregate mind
vidng two periods the past and the other futures it
had certain measure of experience, certain general
idea of the extent which lad travelled but of its
direction or tendency in relation to the future all at
all given times, uncertain and unknown. There
serious feeling at all times hanging the future
which moved EDWARDS in exact keeping with the advance
OF the present that men might avague reco
lection of what has happened but able to tell
with certainty what is to come Thus, looking back to
the history OF civilization could only discover that
ciety had made many curve and many pause, while
those of whom was composed imagined themselves to be
always in motion and always moving in straight line We
supposed this to be the case in regard but
quite possible that the fve-andwenteth century look
ing back at the nineteenth would perceive how divergent
from straight line the leading impulse and direction
Of the ageear) In fact the public mind in its pro-
gress was like the course OF vessel at sea-she was
recede the force of which
the pilot had control To Judge then of its action
given time Of history we ought to assmlate our own
we ought to forget fpossble the experience which had
been since acquired and taking stand at the origin
of historical questions to travel downwards with the
current of its veopmen instead of absolutely rowing
our shallow boat Of criticism against its mighty stream
(Appause)
The RIGHT REVEREND BISHOP proceeded then to trace
the history othe church from the period Immediately sub
sequent the Apostles through the dark into the middle
thar xtpro anAar neios
cal in the governments Of the world upon the rules
just laid down. This part of his lecture displayed
very close and cogent reasoning upon admitted facts,
which have convinced that part of the auditory who
were enabled to follow the argument. The point which
he laboured at think successfully, that the
mixture of civil with ecclesiastical power in the early
ages ofchrstany the result Of circumstances and
necessity and that for the it had been MAIN
tanned by all the modern governments in Europe but
that with advancing civilization, radical change would
take place Having again alluded to the happy situation
Of the United States in this respect the Right Rev. Pre-
1t now more than seven hundred years since Pope
Eugene the Fourth is said to have made present of Ire
land to King Henry the Second II is true that the
hcncity OF the document has been denied but taking
for granted we may suppose never could have entered
into the mind of His Holiness that he unconscious
preparing the necessity for the humane and charitable
work in which the gentlemen Of the irish Immigrant So
ciety engaged. 1t not however, this docu
ment real pretended Of the Popes which transferred
relands sovereignty to foreign government Even in
that age the Irish would have looked upon such docu
Ment as SO much blank But their own internal
a !st hear3 During these seven centuries
earth whilst lost countries were Catholic they
denied the benefit of English laws. When the
religion adopted in England and when the monarch OF
that country thought expedient to make himself the
gle and only source of power both civil and ecclesiastical
Ireland felt the force of English laws but only in
the bitterness of her prosecutions. (Chees) She how
ever for the most part remained true to her first
convictions of christian faith--she remained con-
slant and faithful to her first love- Penalties have
been inflicted but they have produced no change pen
alties still threatened should have no dread bu,
there is something else which is spoken of and will
come within the legitimate range of my subject. The
state its organs throwing out hints Of the inter-
ton to effect indirect union with the Irish Catho-
lie no less than with the Irish Protestant Church This
should be attempted will doubt be presented
measure of positive Kindness and we know that in
the treatment of the Irish Catholic people by the
British governments, kindness, positive Kindness
the only temptation that has never been tried
(iear, hearl That will be unavaing the rest
ALL their faithful and vgilant hierarchy i'll never at this
late day permit the ministers Of their religion to be pol
uied brought into suspicion by the touch of the
government gold. tremendous cheers.) have great
confidence in all this but have greater still in the
~rcies Of God toward long suffering people-(cheers)
Still in the pscrutabe councils of Providence such an
event be yet ia reserve would bow down in submissive
alteration /, hut while bowed as humble and unwor.
thy member of the national hierarchy of the Catholic
Church, would pray Him that the day which is wit.
ness such humiliation may be postponed until after
had at least should have been gathered the sleep OF
my fathers (Cheers)
The lecture, which lasted about two hours, elicit
ed great applause, and the proceedings terminated
about querter to ten O'Clock.
VERY LATE FROM Brazil. The Tarquina, Capt.
Ludlam, arrived yesterday from Rio. She sailed
thence 9th ult and by the kindness of Mr.. Francis
Buckley, passenger, and of Captain Ludlam, we
have papers TO the Sth
The u. S. ship John Adams, Capt Gonover,
from Montevideo, was at Rio when the larqulna
sailed
Our advices from Montevideo by this arrival are
to the 23d Of October. That port was still block
AIDED by Admiral Brown.
There is no news of Importance from any part OF
Brazil.
Railroad stock.
Mr.. EDIToR;-
The legislature of this State having given the
Long Island Railroad Company the entire ''me-
nopoly" of the Island, wisely reserved the right Of
purchase of said road, allowing the share holders
principal and ten per cent per annum interest, on
the entire outlay by the Company from the time of
expenditure. Upon this basis the stock of the Com
ma ~ ri il sell AZ