The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1843-05-20
NEW YORK. SATURDAY MORNING, MAY 90 lS43.


ed epplause) live in part OF the country full OF in
dustry with some capital with great activty and when
go amongst my neighbors they uniformly ask me-"For
Gods sake tell what we are to expect-lay down
your law-prescribe your rue-et us see what is to be
the course OF the government, and we can then
apply. our industry, invest our capital, and adapt
our circumstances 10 this state OF things be whatt may
wsrmu US, scorch US, burn usdo what you please but
let us know what you propose to do-and stick III"
(Thunders OF applau5"l Nov OF opinion that #,
under any coNpr, hensvs 81 stem of policy, could
bring about result ~ which the north and the south,
the east and the west should concur it would be one
emineDtly favorable to agrculture-to the grain
growing and plantation reasonably favorable also
the manufacturing and commercial interests be
sides all this cou stamp that result feature OF
perinanence. If we could make impression it that
,honld last for twenty years would soon have much
better state OF thing. than have en- for and
years ras (Appltuse) nave already said gentlemen,
that. without mutual stpulatons. it is quite evil
dent that governments will soon be driven to
II will not accept the products Of another the nation
whose products thus rejected will seek to retalate
to counterva and thus diminish the intercourse OF the
two nations seems to me that before we attempt to
venture counervsng legislation retalatory legis-
lson, to produce state of things desirable us 1t is
much wiser 10 in the present friendly disposition OF
nation to nation the invitation to come 10 better result
by amicable kind Of procedure Now gentlemen,
have fallen into some in the OF treaty
stipuations do not mean country in partc ular
but all counties We have INDUCED much in gene
raics in the terms these treaties We speak of placing
each other in the "poson of the most favored nation"
In my opinion whatever treaty stipulation is entered into
between states that stipulation should be specific, ndis.
sions treaties that treating with and holding inter
with him should be placed the footing of the
most favored nation in great degree
and are in many cases wholly unintegible. What does
th,s phrase-positon of the most favored nation mean y
There practicable meaning to it. because treaties
with men who deal in such various commodities hat
there cannot possibly be common standard We make
treaty with Russia in which, for instance, we stpuiate
much duty shall be laid ton of iron and
than SO much on a hundred weight of hemp We
then make treaty with the Celestial Empre whose only
traffic is in silks and teas ard we tell them that place
TN am in -
we to do it2 How can we give for Russia tariff
which can be applicable to the Chinese7 The whole
history of this generalization Of treaties is produc-
tive OF nothing but mischief quarrels and coniu-
sion We have treaties with France, Portugal and
moment Congress passes an act laying duty, we have
complaints from all of these States of nraotions
OF their treaty and these complaints are not always easi
ly wered AMI possible TO be denied In all such
the stipulaons, therefore, should be specific !
will add that it does not follow that because nation
pulaohs with another, becomes the duty
of any one TO associate ia league against the
other Satec These subjects must be looked on in the
liz hit of mutual egg laons eading
al advantage. There is nothing derogatoIy to other
Sta,es-no,hing injurious, because the same impulses
that lead favorable course specific stpuations
nth nation may lead TO a like favorable intercourse
upon other specific stpulations with other nations
For example put the case not one in which should
choose make practical experiment, but simply
illustration OF the general principle Let advert to tn
state OF trade between this country and Brazil; to see
the interests of both countries would not require justify
tpuaton the mutual ad anage of the two What
is the OF trade between Brazil and the United States
ought to take humiliation to myself for assuming to
speak Of such subject here, before gentlemen, most of
whom better acquainted with than am myself But
use it to illustrate the general view may take OF the
whee matter There IS no more unequal trade in the
world than that between the Upited States and Brazil 1t
is altogether side The UDedSates take some five
millions believe trife more) OF Brazilian products
untaxed and half million slightly taxedl mean her
sugar And what do they receive from untaxed No
thing at all Theirtaxes on commodities from the United
excessively high They tax the products OF the
labor and land Of this country and go 40 and 4s
cent We take five millions untaxed and hall million
the treaty between that country and England? Her
stipulation by reatywhich still exists-was that Eng
sh commodities should not be taxed more than 10 per
cent English cotton, clothing, &c, is taxed only fifteen
and from 80 so cont! Yet England tax
them 100 per cent commodities We take Bra
I'll coffee free end England taxes six to twelve
per pound According the English interpretation the
treaty between England and Brazil does not terminate
iii, 1914 Brsz insists that rcd in lsa2 for believe
the government is anxious to get rid OF it. On
whole, however WIS forced To rid to the English
construction so that the treaty declared remain
in force till 1874 In the meantime distinguished
pc, from England TO renew the treaty; and
must say that think the Brazilian Government manifest
ed little address that subject Br8zll insisted ths' the
treaty expired in 1872 Eng land that lasted 1914
Brazil yields and says to the Eugsh Minister sent
rsnew the reatyf the treaty last till ls4i es you
sayand we submit to what on say VIII lax. III
1874 consider what treaty we will make" Laugh
teri Watching the progress OF events, you win take IL
to granted that is SO matt enve to
grea, Interests of the OF the country as not
TO see that in a proper lime treaty may be con-
cluded between the United States and Brazil
BraZ, would assuredy think it most extraordinary
England would give her by treaty any such advantages
as those we have afforded her In short there is
in the whole world, 10 me, proper
treaty stpula ion positively favorable TO the United
States What is the trade Of the United States with Bra
zl7 We receive her great article of productcOf
ee free Wereceive her sugar at "a cents pound duty
And have great advantage in this respect that we
have no colonial interests TO protect f. gland IL re-
strained IN her disposition TO admit Brazilian products
the circumstance that she has colonial products OF
character and that she is bound to give to
them. That would be very good reason for her but
constitutes OF the advantages OF our situation to
which fairly entitled, and no man can say that
there any reciprocity or Justice in our vast consump
ton of Brazilion commodities without duty at moment
when our products highly taxed in every Brazil
ian port And this shows the ialscy Of argument
which understand made by the British government
its Communications with the Brazans on this subject
They said 1t is true that the United statestske good
and pay masters even for part OF
what they take" There is q Ii tie approach to
arrog tina, argument istrue nat the severe du
ties on American manufactures Brazil exclude vast
quantities of these manufactures and therefore do
import from b. az merchandise TO far greater amount
than that of which send in returD and we pay the
ierepc out of other earnings Of usually by means
exchanges London made good from other sources Of
perty or industry Now, # we entered the Brazilian
mark cts on as good England, could pay on
the spot and he in condition 10 ask Engsndto pay
our debts to the Brazilian merchants (Applsuse) per.
ceive gentlemen, that going INTO these subjects
much too far and have alluded to them because in
government like enlightened public opinion must
such subjects precedc Legislative action and because
| I feel that the time has come wh,n the interests
OF the country require that such opinion should
Il Oe formed and expressed ono way OF the otner'-
have gentlemen that these two states are nstsDces
OF the Impulse efcommerce-oi eIchang.s We are very
b. sz-none the worse tor that They have
different ciimate-dierent products-diferent habits
so much the better Tor all that has been said that
amidst various beings and properties OF things which
constitute this globe, IL is--
"A natures that makes all natures peace!n
II may be said with much truth that in matters Of
commercial inero is di4sssnce Of cmateof soil
of productssnd ohsbit, thea sesy unite suites,
spring Tor Nhe benefit OF OIL. II il this very
| difference in their pursuits that give. them an
identity II interest in one respect-ttat is in
the mutual interchange Of commodities Indeed with re-
rect to Bcazithe other end OF the continents much
the largest power IL, except our owD-one might say
that the products of both countries to contribute
very much to what is common to both in the common
JOY ments ofle We sip with pleasure the coffee OF Bra
vii breakfast table, and sometimes it with
their sugar whilst the Brszans. do not believe, Ie
eot our rolls rasher OF American bacon. daughter
a eaun..aa ohnrs an .ha