Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1843-03-18
COHNUyICATiOSs.
TO T!ir PEOPLE OF viGGiSiA-So. IT,
:; r-us.r,;r. Y,,g'

Il F.0'ectice Thrift,
ls another measure, in r-i.tiun i, which we dEar
widely from our opponents Oar first and mast dec;
s!ve Objection 10 x Is, tina, is papsbly demonstrations
al Inc power is given TO Congress, "to lay aud col.
lect taxes duties, mposts, and excuses 10 ~ the Debts
&c, Wosdc t0f the common defsncc," de- but no, to
foster manufacturers M such power is conferred hv
the Constitution in any clause of it, in expires, words:
and we utterly deny that il Of those subordinate
powers which may be dersed by implication There il
no power delegated 10 Congress- which may not be e.
crossed without, Protective Tariff; there is not
one TO which II would add vgor, much less the exis-
'ence OF winch u IS necessary But if it wcre in its
nature, OF that class Of powers winch NAV be derived
OF Implication, would still insist that it ought not
10 be 80 derived. 1t relates 10 The domestic pursuits
OF lhe citizen, exclusive jurisdiction over which was
designed to be reserved to the Sta,es EXTENDING as
our country does through many degrees OF latitude and
comprising within lis limits every variety of soil and
Climate the pursuits Of cur people are extremely d.;
sefs"@u. IL was OBVIOUS at cnce, that the Congress
OF me ha'ion could not understand them, egsla,e
~ reference 10 them without doing great mschIefs
what can citizen of Massachusetts know abou, the
pursuits OF citizen Of Georgia; For these reasons
IN our admirable system Of Government while The
subject OF our foreign relations, in which every nor.
.on OF me country has the same interest, is commit
Yea 10 lhe Teners Government, exclusive jurisdiction
domestic pursuits of the people is reserved IN
the States And, as might have been anticipated every
attempt by Congress to go of its sphere and
mecae w'h the industry Of the country, has operated
Protective
IS the most signal proof 1t was for the first time in
trodrced IN very mild form in 1916 But tho Ta,;a
OF mat yeaf, with The exception Of the minimum on
cottons, was strictly revenue measure The late
war lett the country loaded with heavy debt; and the
Tariff Of 1Si6 Necessary to provide for Il And
although IT was urged by some, with the view of re-
conciiIng the country to the burdens imposed that s
incidental effects would be highly beneficial in en-
courag'ng our infant manuacorles, number of which
mao sprung into existence during the war; yet can
not De dened that It was, in its purposes financial
measure Under its operation the revenue was very
large, and cur national debt undergoing rapid re-
ductIon 1t had been brought down in 1921 from sI23
000000, the amount Of it the end Of the war 10 So
oooo0o. Nevertheless, disposition was manifested
70 RAISE 'se duties still higher, eyowedly for the pur.
poses OF protection. II was met with prompt resist,
ance from the South In the teeth of il, the law Of
1874 was passed. Immediately thereafter the subject
was taken up in the Legislatures of yearly all Of the
Southern States, and strong and decided circumstances
were made against The act And not one OF them re-
monstraled more strongly decidedly than did Viz
ginia noting under the lead Of Jefferson and n
Giles But, IN despite Of the circumstances and
protes-s OF the Southern States, the Tariff bill Of
1879, which he's b=en justly styled the bill of abom.
na''ons was passed, notn outstanding the public deb.
WIS heary paid of, and it would bring into the Trea
su'y more money han was required iur the Govern.
tie nt OF course, ;ec tscooien. in The Soutb in
e-rIs'd rai South Carolina sfier the Tariff act of
7'2 was declared To be final das,ment of the Tariff
between ne Conflicting Interests despair
81 CT relief from the General Government threw
=fse upon her reserved rights aud siernly resolved
liat II sioa!d not be enforced within her limits This
noble State ana the Government of the United State.
were thus thrown into collision AL! who apprecated
the character OF her gallant sons, who guided her
Councils felt assured that she would not abandon her
position, and 1t was known that those who adminis.
tered the General Government considered il their DUTY
ana were making preparations, to enforce the law In
thus crs's the most gloomy forebodngs entertain
cd. None could tell what would be the end of the
storm winch was 'hreatenec and the Republic BEGAN
to he despaired If by many patriot II was in this
condition of things, that THE COMPROMISE was pro-
posed and accepted. IL was one IN winch much wo,
conceded On both s'.,s. as must necessarily have
interest was Is ehay the proe sii
afforded by the high duties which it imposed for
mae long years; by the end of which time, they were
to be brought down by slow and gradual process to
twenty per centun nd raorem-at which, in justice to
lls staple States they to stand thereafter In the
rs, OF ITS operation, The duties ranged from 33 per
which was the lowest rate, TO 10 per cent which
the highest. Ard on item, woolen cloths,
an article extensively consumed in the South, The duty
was raised from cents upon every square yard the
value Of uhich exc.edrd b cents, to 80 per cont
These heavy duties weTe ca!y to he reduced al he rate
Of "ne tenth every Two years. THIS was The Conpro.
Mise; nv hich tho Scnih consented 10 submit t. an
tariff for hong years, consideration that
II 10 be abandoned thereafter She agreed TO sub
ant wrong for long perind, in consideration that
she 10 Je free from nsgreselun thereafter. TIE
South has patiently submitted TO the burdens Of tho
compact Sac has asked, that s provisions
shou he disturbed, notwithstanding, under the fret part
OF lis opsrati0n much larger revenue raised than
necessary for the wants ofiae Government Indeed
she has invariably resisted its nfracon, whenever pro.
positions which would lead 10 ii have been made. And
she has done this, when the proposition from
Northern in the nsdlous form OF proposing TO
dncc the duties. She has patiently borne the burdens Of
the compact-bu The time no sooner arrives when she
is TO reap the Advantages Of it, than 1t 10 faihessy
disregaTded by the other party And, strange to say
some Of Virginia degenerate stood ty and aided
IN the deed Of pejy In August, 1912 but two short
months after The tune, when under the provisions
Of the Compromise, the dulles were to be brought
down TO 20 per cent. cd rai0re, tariff bill was passed.
much more oppressive and in It's esactions than
the bill of 1925, which, by consent has been
styled "THE BILL or ABDMINATioa.s Many Of the
duties in this bill were absolutely probitcry Some Of
them were between three and four hundred per cent ad
vaorem. Upon plain common glass tumbers, for in.
stance, the consumption of which is very great, the
duty was IS cents per dozen, equal as shown TO
$50 per cent the In favor Of this BILL one Of
our Senators in Congress, (Mr. Archery who was
elected under pledge given by his friends 10 adhere
10 the compromise aud oppose tariff for protection
voted He did not only do that, but while the bill was
before the Senate, he uniformly voted against every
proposition ofamenduent TO reduce those duties. And
this he did, in many instances, where be admitted the
duty 10 he too high!
we PieseHt siioit Hstoiy VI paSsNRe o tHhtey'
'aordnary bill! through the Senate far specimen Of
Wing legislation:
The bill, as il came from the House Of Representa-.
tyes, was referred TO the Committee of Ways and
Means That Committee proposed vase,y of amend.
mens. But, in the mean time, it was found that the
bill could not survive again the ordeal Of the House,
where it had been passed by minority of The mem.
bers, and plurality Of only four. In this state of
things, n of the Wings was convened; and il
was decided, that the House should be trusted
with their own bill again. And, to preven, their get
ting possession Of il second Time, it was determined
thu, the slightest amendment should be made in the
Senate. In pursuance of this caucns resolve, when
the bill came into the Senate, the Wing members Of
the Committee deliberately voted down their own
amendments; and several members Of the Senate, among
them Nj Archer, v"'ed against propositions which
they openly admitted to &c right in themselves This
Of proceeding denounced it should have
been BY il, The Senate, on measure Of the first mag
ntude deliberately renowned its right to participate IN
the legislation Of Congress; and BY design Frustrated
one OF The securities against hasty legislation in de.
prvrg the House ofRepresen.a.ives Of the opporuni.
~ OF revising their own work
If t:erc ever was bill, which should undergo tho
mos iuh and