Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1843-06-23

| portion Of the Western hemisphere. The com
mercial spirit was greatly encouraged by sever
al laws passed in Henry the Seventies reign;
| and in the same reign encouragement wos CIV
en- to arts and manufactures in the Eastern
countries, and some not unimportant modiiica-
lions of the Feudal system, by allowing the
breaking Of entails. These, and other meas
ures and other occurrences, were making way
for q new class Of society TO emerge, and show
itself in a military and feudal age A middle
class, neither Earons nor great and-holders on
the one side, nor the mere retalncrs OF the
Crown, nor Barons nor mere agricultural la
borers on the other. With the rise and growth
of this new class Of society, not only did COM
merce and the arts increase, but better educa-
ton, a greater degree Of knowledge, jusier no.
tons OF the true ends of government, and SELL
tmenis favorable to civil liberty, began TO
spread abroad, and become mole and more
common. But the plants sprnging from these
Seeds were of slow growth. The character of
English society had indeed begun to undergo
change; but changes Of national character
are ordinarily the work of time. Operative
causes were, however, evidently in existence,
and sue to produce, ultimately, their proper
effect. From the accession of Henry 7th, to
the breaking out of the civil wars, England en-
loved much more exemption from war, foreign
and domestic, than for n long period before,
ana UUflUg the controversy OtlNttu lit nbuStS
of York and Lancaster These years Of peace
were favorable to commerce and the arts
Commerce and the arts augmented general and
individual knowledge; and knowledge is the
only first fountain, both OF the love, and the
principles Of human liberty. Other powerful
causes soon came into active play The relur-
nation OF Luther broke out kindling up the
minds Of men aliesh, Leading to new habits of
thought, and awakening in individuals energies
before unknown, even 10 themselves. The re-
gious controversies Of this period changed So
ciety as we'll as religion; indeed, il would be
easy TO prove, If This occasion were proper for
il, that they changed society TO considerable
extent, where they did not change the religion
of the State. The spirit of commercial and
foreign adventure, therefore, on the one hand,
which had gained so much strength and lntiu-
ence, since the time of the discovery of Amer-
ca, and on the other. the assertion and main
tenance Of religious liberty, having their source
indeed in the Reformation, hui continued, di-
verSfed, and continually Strengthened by The
subsequent divisions OF sentiment and opinion
among the relormers themselves, and this love
of religious liberty drawing after them, or
bringing along with them, as they always do,
an ardent devotion TO the principle of civil lib
erty also, were the powerful influences, under
which character was formed, and men trained
for the great work Of introducing English civ
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