Richmond daily Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1842-1861, 1843-05-23


that They have very different climate, dlerentproduets
different habits. So much the better Tor all that IL
has been said that is all Natures differences that
Keeps all Natures pcace aud be said with asmuch
TRUTH that IN matters OF commercial intercourse IL is differ
ences OF character differences OF soil differences of pro-
ducts, and different habits, which give to different States
identity OF interest in rcspect-that is in the mutual
exchanges OF commercial products.
Well, gentlemeh, parting from this subject, will
elude with few remarks another.
Ii 50 happened thatyery after entered upon the
duties OF the office which lately held the pleasure
Congress TO call upon the Department for Reports the
Tamil and Commercial regulations other countries and
into which the Government entered with various countries
at various times, from lS25 a late period. do gentle
men entertain the strongest belief that all this principle OF
reciprocity acted upon by the Government, wrong-a mis-
take beginning andnurous great interests OF the
country. What lit
BY every reciprocity treaty give to the nation with
which concluded right trade between and other
nations ON the trade ourselves We give
to the anso Towns and the other States OF the class
the right TO fetch and carry between and all the
Of the world on the same terms do; and practically
they can do II much more profaby.
In my opinion the prncplo-hc philosophy OF poll
ucs ON this subject Is exhibited in the old Navigation Law
ct England, introduced by OF the old genuses Of
Cromwells time and acted upon since The principle
ihs;-ihe rule is this amy nation may bring commod
ties TO US in her vessel and carry her
PORTS we having the like privilege but nations shall
bring the products OF third nation between and
that nation has been said 10y distinguished per
son not now living that the rule of the Navigation laws had
ITS foundation IN this idea England sought in her
ment TO much OF the carrying trade OF the world
as she could and what she could herself she sought
10 divide 1t among all other nations. In that Is
doubtless selfish policy-so far indicates DISPOSE
ton obtain all could but this is certainly a
extraordinary seshness In other respects its operation Is
the the aud beneficial that could be
desired. We may this in variety OF WAYS IL does
tend 10 certain extent the OF that State
which has the greatest mercantile marine and can sell
cheapest; but at the time does give all Others the
advantage in carrying their goods. Suppose England
can carry cheaper than any other nation in the worlds
And suppose all the OF the world should adopt the
current notions OF Free Trade and open their ports all
that chose 10 At the great nation that could
carry cheapest would by step, till presently she
nopOzed the whole carrying trade OF the world. Does
every that such State become the
ter OF the whole world Or suppose there great
nations like Great Britain and the United States found be
the cheapest Ii all the other should agree
upon the full commercial liberty and permit all and
without regard the goods they had these two great
States would Reritay take the carrying trade % the world
take the shipping U the world the maritime OF the
gree among thrmseives.-ILoud appauscl And back to
that principle must we at last We ought TO give
nation the night OF bringing her ships If she gives
the ike privilege But by these reciprocity treaties, give
for the carrying OF nation OF Europe like Bremen. which
has but port all the ports along coast OF 1900 miles with
10 millions ct peope-when she has scarcely 2OOOOO of
her own-pray what OF reciprocity thsl Loud ap.
plause 1t very much like story ri YOU will allow
here quote Joe Miller, the horse and the cock,
who walking together. The Geek thought make
reciprocal agreement with the hOrse"l' tread you
said he if you'll not tread on me-" Loud laughter and
applause
Now, gentlemen know there Is nothing so dull sta.
iasucs but wish present here in the city Of Baltimore,
and before body OF gentlemen intelligent any other
body even IN this repusSe form OF statistical figures,
results at which arrived in the public document had the
honor TO lay before Congress Hithorioiore all know,
before l21 the trade carried the American vessels
with the Hanse Towns sustained about eighty vessel. reg
ulaT!y-malny 10 Bremen and Hamburg. In le21 new
treaty formed with the Hanseauc Republics and by the
hrst article OF that treaty agreed upon that articles
might be imported into the l. : from any part Of the world
an Nggzs J. F.rf.
that any vessel might be regarded vessel OF the
other the HaRseatc Republics rhch orRsd b. the
citizens Of that Republic. commanded by beon.
glng 10 and crew two thirds OF which belonged 10 the
Republic any Of the German Couiederacy
requiring II will be that the vessel should be built
the Hanseatic Republics. Our Government; when
ed into this stipulation should have bosn would
more cautious mad the example OF England before
because England in making treaty with the Repub
lies IN le5 stipulated that vessels should pass Hans
seauc winch Were not bf IN one OF the same Republics
very important consideration that time, for Of the
Republics then engaged shipbuding though since
they have bulk many good vessels.
Wei, what practical result Of this Of our lib.
crafty! have said that before lo21 the number Of
ses engaged the trade with these Republics amounted
eighty durlng the year; fell a iew years twenty-five;
and m regard To the tonnage OF the two countries IRON 1881
10 1885, hTeeseyenths OF II was IN American vessels and
oI--seyenths Bremen; $50 lsiO one fifth we're
American aud fourfhs Bremen vessels In 1914 there
entered the United States from the Hause Towns 90 For
eign vessels end 50 American. There departed from
ued States the Hanse Towns 1877 Foreign vessels and
perfectly cuntoma5c 10 the relative numbers Of tho vessels
You perceive, gentlemen that great advantages have hence
fallen these enterpTsng people against whom Icertaulv
have i will but against whom would nevertheless pro-
tec this country in all that proper and Just In the first place
they may buy vessels IN the Baltic elsewhere build
them home; and they can build them cheaper than we
In the British Provinces here vessels be built nall
much as III Massachusetts. Take them 10 Bremen, and
they become Bremen vessels and United States
IN possession OF all the privileges Of United States vessels
You can't make Amercan ship OF ship Of the Baltic;
~ lin. HHtuHs
But these people may buy vessel where they please and
il that character, and the character and all the
advantages Of a Bremen ship. Why do grant their
shipping advantages which we deny own
have before statements which beg leave
u read. they short According the exhibit the
tobacco shipped from this the city OF Bremen between
ISL aud ~, the whole shipped 81 900 hhds
oi tins Bremen vessels carried 30 900 and Baltimore $1,000
Applause, loud and continue T.. And BE- il remembered
gentlemen, land shall not tetain You many lon
ge mat these vessels carry their goods not only cheaper
than but with still another advantage their credit ma
bcs them engage for transportation goods convey from
one plr Of our own country another that these vessels
from Bremen have the liberty only Of trading between
he own ports and but Of taking products
from port to pori-of beginning the Passamaquoddy and
terminating ai the Sabine nyer, # they choose II 90
10 claim share Of their carrying uade We can go from
Bremen to amburgh! The real operation Of this Strange
mcnt you know better than but know that these vessels
do underbid vessels in freight every part Of tie
world Hence during three four months Of the present
year from the port Vi Baltimore, the great article Of traffic
the article OF which Baltimore be the natural mart
since mere seems u be great probability that u will How
ihither from the Mississippi and all the country along
borders, so that Baltimore will mentedy be us place o
expectation II through the Ohio River and the Ca
nal To tins pncethis article destined TO become the
great article Of sale for this City for foreign exportaou-
suppose % doos-whO shall carry III
applied TO the Collector OF your City to-day for the sta
ustcs OF this Pouiro the st January day-Moy
10TH loi3-and the proportion between exports Amen.
con vessels and those IN foreign vessels 20 3i-u
decided superiority Of foreign to those Of our own
country.
Gentlemen will here relieve you from these statements
any further But let dcuuce from them general and
important truth: We destined 10 act, IN the world the
part IT great mercantile maritime nation. We have mo-
inferior 10 play. We have subordinate part act
III no assumption cay that IN Whatever
uo1ni power, national character national HoFE, are
at the head Of the nations this great continent II -
assumption to say, either that m whatever respects Com.
mercc and the Seas and the character exhbied upon the
seas Tor national defence national glOywe may have
nvaIs-Hrr ADuT srrERIoR! Applause, doofcnins and
long cOnunuCd.l
What becomes 81 thcn1 How 10 maintain this
conspicuous posiiionl How TO maintain Ma.
tonal respectfully, resting must National