Rutland herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1823-1847, 1843-01-03

ADDRESS.
To the Citizens OF the United states.


10 the Inhabitants al the United St3es, by the above
amiabe and pbilosopbic author. Mr. Connie wished
ihis country in the years 1899, 0, and 40. During
ibis period he made very extensive tour through
lac country. and was everywhere received with the
attention which his talents demanded, from the
moro enlightened and intelligent psn OF our com
MUMMY. he had no intention Of wsiing book on
the manners and Customs Of the Americans" bot
he found, he says. such marked national character
isiics IN our people, and so strong contrast peo
pie of less liberal a,iooal policy iha, he was
led stteBtivey To examine the winnie matter, in or.
de. 10 discover for The salu,ary effects which
he witnessed.
The resul, Of this examination he gave 10 the
world in work entitled "Notes on the United
States" a, the close Of which is found the Address,
which we now propose to copy. We shall lie able
10 complete it in three or four weeks, and ask for
an attentive perusa as matter which ough, to be
interesting 10 every reader.
To the Ciii-cas of The United STATES:
| have vsi,c. varioas European countries,
Prussia Austria. Bavaria, Holland, France and
Switzerland, besides the British Isles for the pur-
pose of observing the condition Of the people liv-
ing under different forms of civil and ecc lcsiasti-
cal government, and one Of the motives which led
me to repair TO your shores, was to obtain the
means of Judging of the influence of democracy
on the physical prosperity and mental condition Of
your nation. am deeply sensible Of the sources
OF error to which a stranger is exposed in observ-
ing and specializing on the institutions of foreign
country; but you will be able to detect and cor
rect the errors regarding your own country into
which may inadvertently fall, and | may be
permitted TO hope that amidst these will be found
some admiXture OF truth.
The people of the United States are Justly proud
of their political Independence, won at,he expense
of many sacrifices and also of the institutions
which the distinguished founders ofiheir govern
men, framed and bequea,hed to them for their
guidance; but if | were to ask different A.
mercans in what the superiority of these ins,,u.
tons consists, should receive multifarous va
ridy of answers. Does phrenology enable us to
attain to any precise views on The subject2
10 nv previous lectures | have endeavored to
explain to you that happiness coirsHr, IN
ity of our faculties and that the greater the num-
Der Of them called into action the higher rises
enjoyment. Any objec. that should delight the
| eye, would be agreeable; but an assemblage Of
objects that should simultaneously crafty the eye,
the ear the palate, and the senses of touch and
smell, would be universally regarded as yielding a
still larger measure of qualification; and so with
the internal faculties of the mind There are
three conditions, however, under which this actly
ity must cxs, to render productive ofthe great
est amount of happiness. FIRST, it must never ex-
coed the limits of health Secondly The subordi-
nation ofthe inferior TO the superior faculties, es-
tablished by nature, must be preserved; and Third
w. The action ofthe different faculties must be
harmonious The highest enjoyment therefore
is produced by the rirtuous activity Of the taeut
| iifs The question then presents self-Whnt eff
+ cts do different forms Of governmen! exercise on
the activity of the mental iaculliesl 'vi- M
| We may consider, First the influence of a des
potc form of government and | select Austria as
an example Of civised dospotism. In Austria
the emperor is at once the fountain OF the laws
and the executive power which carries them int
fret His will rules the empire, and is suhjec
TO no constitutional control on the part Of the PEG
pie The religion of the state is Roman catholic
and the pope and priests rule as despotic,lly ii
ecclesiastical as the emperor does in temporal al
fairs. Nevertheless, the Austrian is civillse'
despotism, and rests essentially on opinion. III
emperor is not tyrant. ruling by means of dun
; gcons and bayonels, he is more like the father G
his people he may be seen walking among then
} without military guards, or other means OF pre-
tcciion safe in their reverence and affections.
have seen the present emperor going 10 church !
/; the town of Iscnl, attic ended by servant carryin
; his prayer book, and two or three gentlemen {
, he household. so unostentatIousy that, when b
=
no, have discovered his rank, If had not bee
told he was the sovereign OF Austria Austri'
l moreover, is governed by laws, and the einperc
acknowledges that in regard to the rights OF prof
: er,y. these bind him us well as his subjects
the village OF Baden about twenty miles from
enna, where there are celebrated baths. the emp
$ ror is proprietor OF house in an ordinary stree
O in which be resides when he visits the spring
d The house is in no respec, dlslinguishable IN
}. exterior from those on each side OF il was tol
tina, the late Emperor Francis found II TOO SINAI
d and wished to purchase the contiguous tenamer
S, but that the owner asked an enarmous price,
lie The Emperor would not submit to what he col
' sidcr,d an imposition, and the proprietor to ion
him 10 his terms la i, for a sort OF clubhouse
tavern. The emperor made no complaint, but n
~ sisted that the laws OF deeoTum aud prophet
;" should be- observed by the inmnies; aud when
saw il in s37 was assured that II still continue
IN the property of the individual In the same ye'
ne saw the prescn, emperor and hs HOUSEHOLD, II
~ ing in a common street IN lschl. He had pa
chased or hired four ordinary dwelling hous
Standing together, and, by internal commune
\ lions converted them into one bu, IN no respe
he dd they differ in their external aspect from tho
v ofthe other iBhabItanis IN the same quarter Of q
ye town | nfniIon these unImpousnt details 10 co
re yey to you an idea ofthe spirit OF the Austrian 20
b. eminent rs !, exists IN the enperors heredita
IN sstes bsearse many individuals m America, TO
e reading descriptions OF lis rule al lis conquSr
=. L