Independent Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1842-1844, 1843-01-21

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time lie moved his resolutions, he little
hoped, in the short space of Two years, to
obtain what has already been gained; and
that he regarded the prospect of final and
: satl ,flctory adj ustment, at no distant day,
I Of tbs subject, so vital in its principles to
his constituents and the whole South, as
: far more probable than he then did this eX-
plict recognition of the principles for
which he contendeI. In the meun time,
he felt assured the engagement given by
the British negotiator would be fulfilled in
: good faith; and that the hazard of coils
ION between the countries, and the dis
turbance Oftheir peace and frien dship, has
passed away, as far as ii depends on this
, dangerous subject. Bat if in this he should
unfortunate he mistaken, we should
} stand on much more solid ground in de-
fence of our rights, in consequence of what
has been gained; as there would then be
suPeraded broken faith to the violation of
the laws of nations.
Having now Oaid what he intended on
the more important points, he would pass
over, without dwelling on the provision Of
the treaty for delivering up to justice per-
sons charged with certain crimes; the affair
OF the Caroline, and the correspondence in
relation to impressment. The first is sub
| stanilally the same as that contained in
Jays treaty on the same subject. On the
next, he had nothing 10 add TO what had
already Leen said. AS to the last, he did
not doubt that the strong ground taken in
the correspondence against the Impress
ment Of seamen on board of our merchant
vessels, in time Of war, would have go)
effect. 1t will contribute to convince q.
Britain that the practice cannot be re-
newed, in the event of another European
war, without Il certain and immediate con
flict BET ween The two counties.
I(said Mr.. Calhoun,) have now stated
my opinion fully and imparlialIy on the
treaty, with the connected subjects. On
reviewing the whole, and weighing the
reasons tor and against its ratification, |
cannot doubt that the former greatly pre-
ponlerate. If we have not gained all that
could be desired, we have gainel much
that is desirable; and, if all has not been
settled, much has been-and that, not OF
little importance. 1t is not of little impor-
tance 10 have the northeastern boundary
settled-and that too with the consent of ,
the States Immediately interested: sub +
ject which has been in dispute almost from
the origin Of the Government, and which {
had become more and more entang' ed, an |
adverse to our claim, on every attempt '
heretofore made to settle it. Nor Is il of t
little Importance to have the whole line of Il
betv n us and the B,i,ish do c
ninions, from the source of the St. CroiX !,
70 the Rocky Mountains s3ttled-a line of +
more than three thousand miles, with many
disputed poidts Of long standing, the set
lement Of which had baillcd al previous >,
attempts. Nor is it of little importance to
AVE adjusted the embarrass nents relating Ii
o the African save tIade, by adopting the
east Objectionable Of the alternatives Nor
o have the principles of the law of ma
ions for which we contended, in reference -,
o the Creole and other cases Of the kind, :"
Sy Great Britain; nor to have "
solemn pledge against their recurrence, 81
with reasonable assurance Of satisfactory 81
'tipuatlons by treaty. Nor is it Of little "
Importance to have, by the settlement OF -
hose inveterate and difficult questions, the
relation of the two countries settled down
n amity and peace permanent amity and
'eace, as it may be hopeI--in the place of n
hat 1ubtful, unsettled condition, between J
,eace AMI war, which has for 50 many RI
years characterized it, and which is so hos .
lie 10 the interest AM prosperity OF both :,
countries.
Peace, said Mr.. c., is the FIRST Of our r
wants in the pre- ent condition of our coun \
ry. We wanted peace, to reform our
'wn Government, and relieve the country
rom It's great emblrrasSments. Our gov "
Inment is deeply disordered-its credit is n
mpalrel--ts debt is increaSing-i's ex- n
'endlures evtravagant and wasteful-its p
disbursements without efficient accounta-
'ility-and its taxes (or duties are but "
axes) enormous, unequal, AMI oppressive II
o the great producing classes of the fl
country. Peace, settled and undisurhed,
: Indispensable TO q thorough reform, and
uch reform to the duration of tne gov al
eminent. Bat, so long as the relation be- "
ween the two countries continues in
late OF doubt between peace and war, all r
ttempts at such reform will prove abor- st
i've. The first step in any such, to be sue b.
essful, must lie TO reduce the expenli- 10
ures to the legitimate and economical re
wants of the government. Without that, -,
here can be nothing worthy of the name; .
ut in an unsettled state of the relations of &c
he two countries, all attempts at reduc-
ion will he baffled by the cry of war, &C.
ompanied by nsinuatons against the pat WI
i1tism of those who may be so hardy as to th
1ake them. Should the treaty be ratified, IL
n end will be put TO that, and no ex< 0<4 "
r pretext be left to delay the great and ~ sh
;snonsohIo ,,,orI Of e M N.