, 1843-10-28

mand OF captains floss and CroZler,
returned to England in the beginning
If last month, after an absence of
nearly four years, having within that
period, within the three last success
v seasons. penetrated within the
Southern Polar Circle, and at each
time made discoveries OF greater or
less interest. Some account OF all
these discoveries has before reached
US. with the exception of those of the
last winter. Of which Captain Ross
brings to Europe on his arrival the
first report. We have iniced heard
Of his arrival at Rio Janeiro on the
18Th of June last, but had no ac-
count of his last winters cruise.-
The vessel made land AT Sicily Islands
on the 27h August, but had a tedi-
ous passage up the channel, on ac-
count OF Gains and light winds; and
on the 4th ofSepiember Captain Ross
landed at F"lkstone and proceeded
the same day % LONDON. The two
ships arrived at Grave>rnd on the 7th,
and subsequently at Wo"iwich.
The London Literary Gazette gives
Il condensed narrative of the whole OF
the four years voyage, with Il sketch
al the various discoveries. The
cruisr If last winter commenced on
the I7th Dec. l842. when the Two
vessels sailed from the Falkland Isl
lnt>. On the Oath they saw icebergs
in the latitude Of Clarence Islands,
The next day their progress was ar
rested by solid Par, Of ice. and they
cruised along the edge Of it. for tn"
purpose Of finding Il p~c"e:Tat1c part.
aud on the 28th they discovered land.
Tury crui>cd along the coast towards
the southwest. the shore being lined
with an accumulation OF grounded
rccbergs. and the land, which they
Gould not approach nearer tb@n with
IN three ~ .0ur mics. covered with
snow and zee. terminating AT the seat
in Perpendicular cliffs of 90 to 80
feet ia hei.lt. from which icebergS
were constantly breaking away. and
becoming grounded in the wafer. Ga
the All of JanuIry they were besct
with more re IN lat. Ca south. aud
|rf ed back /" the rortlWarl.
TIE next day they were eE,rica-
ted. aud they succeeded in landing on
~ l>l,nd IN latitude ca II. longitude
81 40 W., on the south side ot Il dccI
cult. which they took possession OF N
the Queens name. 1t IS Of volcanic
origin. and though not mole than two
mics in diameter. projects 4 perfect
" formed crater - the height o. $500
feet above The level Of the sea. On
the west i 4 mountain which rises 10
the height of 1000 leer, and the ives
tern shore Of the guii consists o! noun
famous range, covered wijh perpet-
nal snow. They named this guilt.
which is 40 milcs between the Cape
the Erchus and Terror. They coast.
ID aloug tie shore to the southwest,
herwecn il and Il CHAIN OF grounded
.. ,rchernS. They were engaged m a
constant struggle with tie ice to the
ith Of February. wien they found
! themselves in clear water. after beng
enfano,cd for 10 DAYS. In lat. C5,
they merely crossed WGddclfS return
M track. and found pack Ic" where
he found clear sea. They could not
penetrate beyond LIT. IS, IS south.
being then 100 miles south of DUr.
viI,c's track. whcre he attempted IN
successfully 10 follow WeddeII suack.
On he 22i Of February they cross
ed the line of 40 variation in lat. 81
and lon. p ". in 4 dip o. 81 degrees
40 m;nutes;a fact, the narrative re-
marks. sol much importance I" mag
nctic science. since the ~suPPoSIt'"n Of
their being Two maLneric poles OF ver,
tici,y in the south (as it is well known
to be the case in the norrh) is erronc-
Gus. and that there is IN reality but
one magnetic pole in the southern
hemIsphere. Ga the 23d thew round
cd the last extreme of the pack. and
standing to the southeast, crossed the
Antarctic Circle. March in lon. "a
West. In lat. 68 81 lon - 40 he
was becalmed. and Selling the oppor,
tuni,v TO try soundings, he found
that 1000 fathoms Of line would not
reach the ground.
They p~ersevercd in an effort TO GEL
further soutn. hut the ice opposed
their progress. They then encoun'
tered a tempestuous gale, which last,
cd three days. and they were IN con
siderable danger. from the number o.
icebergs, and the darkness of the
nights. The conduct OF the men was
admirable. On the 9th TIE WIND