Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1843-11-17
2.p,.]E III, I-!.' NaIl!Si.a9.I.El;sS;ssS
CHINA.

Ellr overland mail from India had arrived,
bringing Intelligence from Cllinaillat the rat
itica,ions Of the treaty had been exchanged,
and a commercial treaty of the most favora-
be character had been agreed on.
Bv the commercial treaty with China the
whole system of fees and presents is aho'lsll-
cd. The hong merchants debts have been
paid mp. The trade is open to all nations as
$Ra|!,fssi4" s 'Ha Eli EaiTi|Iiiss!IE SSSslisil, i are Ell 10 YiG av t" eSna
suls at tho four ports.
Sir Henry Po,,ingrr prorlaims the ratii-
cation Of the treaty, under date of July %,
and solemnly and urgently calls upon all sub
iccis of the British Grown, no, only to con-
form ard act up to the provisions ofcommer-
cial treaty, hu, to spurn and make known
my base, traitorous and unrrincipled over
lures which they or their agents may receive
from any subject of China, whether officially
connected with the Government or not, to-
ward entering into any collision or scheme
for the purpose Of evading the provisions of
the said commercial treaty.
He also warns them of his determination
to see the provisions of the commercial trea-
~ fulfilled, and to adopt the most stringent
and decided measures against attending par
ties.
SIR Henry notifies that tho great system
Of trade would commence at Canton on the
9Th of July, lS43, from wlith day the mo-
nopoly Of the hong merchants and the consoo
charges would entirely cease.
The other four ports, Annoy, Fuchow,
Ningpo and Shanghai could not be declared
opened until an Imperial cdict 10 that effect
should be received at Canton. This edict
was expected to arrive early in September.
Measures would be taken in the interim, how
ever, for the appointment Of consuls, tina,
there might be no delay after the reception
of the edict.
G. Tradescant Lay, Esq. was appointed
consul at Canton, with Mr.. Thorn as inter-
prefer. The judicial functions of the consul
late were assigned for the present to A. john
son, Esq. that the consul might devote his
whole time TO the more important object of
regulating the trade. From Mr.. Johnson's
award there was to be an appeal to the chief
superintendent.
The following extracts from Mr.. Laws in.
structions are given:-
"You will hold the masters Of all vessels respons;.
BILE to yon for the orderly and peaceabIe behayiour If
tieAr boats crews, or any other persons belonging to
their respective ships, who may vi it Canton, and no
'hberty-men' are 10 go up to that city without vour
previous PERMISSION, obtained in writing, in answer to
an application, specifying the number (of the propri.
ETY. OF which you are to consider yourself the Judge
mud distinctly promi ing and stating that an officer
will accompany such liberty men, 10 look after and
control the stamen or lascars, as the case may be.
I'm any instance where you may discover that sea-
men or Others are at Canton on liberty, without your
permission, and the previous stlpn!auons (nbove ad-
verified TOY having been complied with, you will request
the commander of her Majesty's ship which will be
stationed a, "hampoa to support your authority, to
h tns,f s 'hs sf sna yo or vii G1hf fepo faFi ihs snc ssn! !, oaGs T., TO
me that l may adopt such farther steps as the case
may call for. You will at the same tune intimate to
the master, owner, or c%onsignee Of the vessel from
which the seamen or Others unauthoriscdI come, tha,
all expenses attending The removal Of seaalen Of 9TH
crs from Canton will be charged to the ship to which
they belong, and will be recovered before she is allow
ell 10 sail.
"In cases Of petty trays or assaults, or rjotous and
drunken conduct unattended, however. will, any
marked degree Of violcnce,j in which you may be If
opinion that the ends of justice wiIl be obtained, and
a sufficient example will be made, bv ining the often.
der any sum not exceeding ten dollars, or combining
him for n period not exceeding five days, YOU have my
authority TO sum na,ilv decide in such cascs. wiihouf !
even recording the evidence. merely making q MEM
orandum OF tn? fact in a book 10 lie kept for tho prr-
pose; but IN all cases where you may consider the Of
fence to call for more serious notice, Won will, with
the assistance of the captain of her Maiesiy's shin.
have the offender placed in confinement until a formal
investigation can he held. and for which | will ar
rance on hearing the particulars from yon.
should you nb'ain posit:ve md incnn,rnvcrti5le |
proof that any British merchan: ship on he liver has
scen, or IS, engaged in Smuggling, or eyadinr the pay
men. OF the Just dues Of the Chinese government, as
lad down III the tariff and regulation of trade, YOU
will take immediate measures for iniimating the same
10 the Chinese high officers, and officers Of customs,
m order that they niny, if they think proper, put n stop
10 such vessel either landing or shipping further cargo !
as the c'se may be; and You will likewise arplise
fhc muster. owner, or cnnslanrc of said snip Of the
steps you have inken, md will acqrnint them that
anv ATTEMPT IN carry on their smu.p cling practices. or 1
'u trade IN any shape by force, in opposition 10 the
wishes AMI directions of the Chinese aiihnraics, will
oblige me to have such ship removed from the river" ,
AHihis, of course, applies only to British
suhjects'and vessels, and it will be observed
that Sir Henry makes no allusion whatever
N the relations Of other countries with the
Chinese; bat the proclamation issued lv
the Imperial commissioner, kc-Ying, an
nounces in the very outsr, tina, 4" the tariff of
duties will take effect, immediately after re-
criving the Imperial sanction, with reference
to the of al countries, as well as
England" The Imperial commissioners
proclamation is Of course addressed eycll-
sIv"ly to Chinese subjects, and, nulatls mn
tandis, iato the same effect with that Of Sir
Henry Po,tinger In lhe Euglish-enjoining
good behavior, 'conpliahce with the rcgu,a-
,ions, &c. &c.
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENT IN
.rnttv ,p,T