Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1843-11-14

IL yesterdays GLOBE, we gave the opening of MIR
Clay : newly began career IN Congress. His first de.
mons,raton- his resolution of The 9Th OF January
aimed to meet the surplus of revenue accruing on the
extinction OF the National debt, by reducing the taxes
on wines and silks, and setting free all other Iuxurrrs,
and thus preserve, without diminution, the excessive
imposition on every species of manufacture indrspen.
sable 10 the great masses Of the country. This was ma
tured by a report and bill from MIR Clay's Committee
on Manufactures and the contest was kept up by MIR.
Clay from January until July, to intrench and render
lmpregnable the od'ous and tyfannIcnl oppression,
modestly called "the protection Of the act of 1928. .
We have { liowed the debate through the whole&
volume of Gales < Srainn.s Report OF 1889, and can !
not find a solitary passage in any of Mr Clay speeches
in which h- relented IN the least. To PRESENT even the
striking points Of the dlscussion, would fill the Globe
for weeks. The extracts gwen yesterday, from the
speeches Of Messrs. Clay and H.yne, selected to show
thu issue made up between the parties, were sufficient
for the purpose The ground upon which the whole
controversy turned, - re-stated with such dlsiinctness,
simplicity, and truth, in two brief paragraphs of MIR.
Grundy's speech, that We cannot withhold them, al.
'hnugh our purpose was only to quote so much as
w"nld set the main facts before our readers. MIR.
Grundy SAID:
.Th- resolution of the Senator from Kentucky pro-
po.es TO abolish The duties entirely on all ARTICLES of q
KIND not manufactured IN the United States, except
silks and wines. and 10 reduce them on these articles.
81 long as duties are pad on imported ARTICLES, tor The
purpose Of raising revenue, | cannot consent TO this
proposition. The true principle OF taxation, rs to impose
VI bI W ~ GE urNAn NV w " ~ ~ "
IN your table, proposes n total abandonment OF this
principle. The articles TO he released from taxation
are luxuries, used almost exclusively by the rich, while
the burdens are left with all their weight upon the
poorer portion of the community. THIS would be no
allie viition of the evils complained of; and wall not
unite in holding out TO the poor man the delnsrve hope,
hat he is to be able to clothe his family in silks, and re-
gale himself on wine every day while all the articles
OF dress he purchases, his salt, his sugar, his plough,
his axe, and his hoe, and all other utensils with which
he earns his daily bread. are so taxed, as 10 render hlm
unable to raise his family. No, sir give him his ne
cessarles of life untaxed, or taxed lightly; let his labor
have It's full reward, and he will then increase in his
means, and, in tune, be able 10 indulge IN !u5uries, II he
shall please to do SO.
"The object of the capitalists engaged in manuiac-
lures, in conserving to take off the duties on articles
they do not make in their establishments, cannot he
It 5 to concentrate the whole taxation OF
the country upon those foreign articles which come III
with theirs. The operation Of such n sys.
tenn will be doubly in favor of the rich capitalists. 1t
will enable them to obtain all foreign luxurIes free of
taxation, and, al the same time, 10 tax the poor, rs well
as every other class of citizrps, through the necessa-
ries Of life consumed by them, for the augmentation of
their profits These men are a privileged order IN our
country. They have formed, and seek TO perpetuatc, u
kind OF partnership with the Government taxing The
aud the present struggle Is to abolish, or much
reduce, every tax N which they have not some share
Of the proceeds. They coHsp'Fe TO raise The price OF
all necessarles Of 1--we, giving part OF the increase to The
and taking part 20 themselves
The report aud bill brought in by the Committed on
Manufactures. 10 which Mr. Gays resolution was re.
lerred, supported. It, in every particular, and correspond
in all points, with the character of the measure, as
portra yed in the passage We have given from the able
,peech of Mr.. Grundy. The bill did not take of, or
wen reduce, one farlhing of the impcst levied in favor
IF the protected articles by the act of lo2o.
House of Representatives on the side of the manufac.
urlng interests. But the popularity of General Jack
son had its effect on this body, which was soon to come
him before the people at the polls, for re election.
President Jackson had shown his readiness TO encoun-
ter the fury of manufacturing avarice, by recommend
ng, in his message, q universal reduction OF duties, so
Is to appease the discontenls in the South, and prevent
he accumulation of a surplus in the Treasury. MIR.
Nc Lane, then Secretary of the Treasury, submitted a
eport, favoring a reduction 10 include the protected
class of articles, which would have taken of seven
millions of taxes. MIR. McLane's project did not goa
far in this, as the mass of the Democratic party desired,
hut farther than the manufacturing majority Of the
House, with the terror OF an election hanging over
them, in which they would have To contend against
Andrew Jackson in the issue made between them
House, however, yielded something. The mao.
including many pledged to the manufacturing e-
voted a bill making reductions on cot
tons, woollens. iron. baggIng, sugar, &c. THIS bill was
by the Senate TO Mr. Clay's manufacturing COM
mi,iee. and there he reinslaled the mass of the most
onerous duties, which even the TarItf men OF the
House of Representatives had consented to reduce.
bill thus reported by the Senate, and made more
las was clearly shown by MIR. HnyneO
than that of 1925 at the time vi It's passage, was sent
back TO the House of Representatives. The larh ma
inrity of the House rejected Mr. Clay's amendments
The Senate insisted on them. The House refused 10
weld A IN of Conference was appointed by
the Senate and the House The members, on the part
of the House, although in the manufacturing interest,
were so conscious OF having conceded too nue. 'o 'he
recommendation of the President, and the demands OF
the people, that they unanimously opposed the adnhis-
SION OF MIR. Claws amendments. M"ssrs. wilkins OF
P,ttsburr, aud Dick. rson of NV jersey, members ut
thu COMMITTEE, on the part of thu senate, held the
b, lance in The Conference and, although as mnch de-
voted as any to the Protective Policy, these gentlemen
Welded to the popular branch, and gave up Ia" uercI-
less amendments, with winch MIR Clay's influence IN
the Senate had again Ioaded the bull. When the Com
mittee reported 10 the Senate the result of the C"n'ef-
ance. Mr. Clay was go greatly exaspera'ed, that, IN
violation of the rules of that body, he demanded the
vote in the Committee He said she boished 10 hnor,
and he tcished ME coun,ry 10 kaoc, pho hdre concHrrtd
IN n measure so d,structoe 10 ME great interests ~ me
country :" and. after drn"unc'ng he schemr "' The
Secretary OF thu Treasury n "iniended 10 sacrJtcf and
n, srou the r0oleas intertst" charging that ''thr IN
,sres,s of Kentucky and Louisiana were 10 be sacti-
criGced," because a half cent was yielded at The high
duly on baggrng and os cent OF the hgh hniy on
sugar-he turned aga,n upon the Committee, and sa d
ahe had been uaerpectediy disappoinfed IN tc reS"t If
r., Conf,rsurs. Bit he hod rjstn 10 osk wbat ae0s he
moiorify, and uho %composed il, BY 'chieh these m'erests
ueTe singf,d out fur SdcrJtcc
Called out by these taunts-
aNr. Wilkins sad / concurred in the report Of the
Committee Is the gentleman from Kentucky now
satisfied am con vinced that the principles on winch
| assented to the reportare correct, and still adhere To
them. Is the gentleman from kentucky satisfied now :
mo, said Mr. Clay ! shall never be sat'sfird'J-
Never continued Mr.. Wilkins. Then am perfectly
content that the gentleman should never be satisfied
with any political act Of mine If the gentleman is
Disappointed, | a%pprehend that it IS not the last time he
will be disc ppoinred. | aPprehend that there are some
other results to which he INDUCES expectations, III
which he will he disappointed. an responsible TO
NV constituents, and 10 the country, for the vote when
have given IN this business. My friendship Tor the
Protective system IS as firm and settled as mat OF the
gentle man from Kentucky, though have not spoken
80 frenuen,ly and loudly IN its support, because had
no other object in view on; the good OF the country.
These remarks led tot quarrel on The floor, which
was only arrested hy The mites Posiuon ot the wee IRE
sident He stated that I'll nas urGguAr originality TO
demand tie state IF Tie roe m The Commtttee. or 10 eom-
u.nt on de course taken by members 81. the Committee.
But. as the Chairman Of the COMMITTEE had responded
10 the inquiry, aud made explanations, IL was now in
order for The Senator from kentucky 10 make his com
ments on those explanations. Mr.. Clay then persist
ed, and Mr .Nlangum called him 10 order. This gave
a new direction 10 Dir. Clay's anger. He told Mr..
Maneum that he hoped he would "keep Inc even tenor
Of his way, and suffer him TO proceed without further
| ,o,ar "a n -