The daily Madisonian. [volume] (Washington City [i.e. Washington, D.C.]) 1841-1845, 1843-01-09

The following le ter from our Liverpool CORES
pondent should have reached BY the last steamer
but found its way by the George Washington packet
Although not news, yet, as the account may still
be interesting TO some Of readers, we have
cluded 10 publish IT,
From our Liverpool Correspondent
LnERrooL, Nov. 25h, 1912.
| take advantage OF the sailing Of the George
Washington, this dag, To write abstract of the
very important news Just received from China and
India, In the hope that 1t may anticipate the Halifax
and Boston steam-packet Of the 4th OF December
] may add, that in future, shall write occasionally
by the sailing line packets 10 New York well as
by the steamers The letters by the latter will
Of course, be fuller in detail than those by the
liners.
On Monday afternoon, NOV. 2I,) the public in
London Liverpool, and all places where the London
morning papers of that day were received and read
were startled, by the announcement in them ALL that
the China over, that the British had compel
led the Emperor Of China to sign peace on favora-
BILE terms and that the British were fully triumphant
This intelligence had been derived from the Paris
Messenger, OF Saturday last, to which paper il was
communicated by the Government, no doubt, as il
was received at the Tuleries by teegraphc despatch
dated Alexandria, Nov. 5.
The announcement came xpectedly on the pub
lie in this country. The commercial interests were
moved particularly by II, as to money payments,
q,
would probably include payment for the opium de-
stroyed at Canton during the unfortunate regime of
Capt Elliot The holders Of tea were thunderstruck
the conclusion of the would necessarily lower
the price of that commodty-the immediate effect
was the postponement of the public sale of tea an
nounced for that day. The merchants, generally
pleased, as it must give stimulus to business in
the manufacturing districts. The demand for Brit
ish manufactures in China being expected to become
very considerable.
The next day, TUESDAY, Nov. 22,) the news from
China was confirmed by the arrival of an extraordi-
nary overland mail from India, which, as you shall
presently learn in detail also brought import news
from India. l cannot do better than give you in Sir
Henry Pottingers own words, account of the
terms upon which, on the 26th of August, he con-
cluded and signed treaty with the Chinese High
Commissioners, Treaty of Alliance.
l. Lasting peace and friendship between the two
empires.
2. China to pay twenty-one millions of dollars
in the course Of the present and three succeeding
years.
3. The ports of Canton Annoy, Foo-chow-foo,
Ningp0 and Shanghae, TO be thrown open to British
merchants consular officers, to be appointed 10 re-
side at Them and regular and just tariffs OF import
and export Gas well inland transt) duties TO be
tablished and published.
A. The island of Hong Kong to be ceded in per-
petuity TO her Britannia Majesty her heirs and sue
cessors.
h S. All subjects OF her Britannia Majesty, (whe-
Their natives Of Europe India) who may be confn-
ed IN any part oil The Chinese empire 10 be uncond-
tionally released
g. An act of full and entire amnesty TO be publish
ed by the Emperor under his Imperial Sign Manual
and Seal to all Chinese subjects account of their
having held service intercourse with, or resided
under the British Government or its officers.
Z. Correspondence to be conducted on terms of per-
feet equality amongst the officers of both Govern
ments.
8. On the Emperors assent being received 10 this
treaty, and the payment of the first instalment, six
Of doll C,ru
retire from Nankin and the Grand Canal and the
mi ary posts at Chinhai to be also withdrawn, but
the islands of Chusan and Kolansoo to be held
til the money payments and the arrangements for
opening the ports be completed
Now for a brief, but accurate and comprehensive
narrative of the in which this result has bee
arrived at
My last letter informed you that considerable re-
Inducements bad arrived at Hong Kong, which so
far strengthened the British forces employed against
China, that Sir Henry Pottinger considered himself
justified in sending very strong expedition naval
and military, into the river Yangtsze- keang, with
the view Of attacking the city of Nankn, the second
city in the empire, and the fret in point of
cial Importance. BY the occupation of Nankn, two
things were contemplated-the striking terror by
such feat of arms, and the cutting off all supplies to
the North, which arrive at Pekin by the Grand Ca
nal from Nankin so as TO starye out the capital.
The expedition advanced up the river Yang-tsze-
Keang, and, July l4th, the first fire was opened.
On range Of hills commanding the stream, two
small Chinese batteries, OF 10 guns, opened fire
the British ships, but Immediately silenced, and
patty landed who destroyed them. The feet then
pushed on, and on July Goth, the whole armament
consisting Of seventy sail of vessels had anchored at
Knshan the Golden Island, abreast OF the city of
Cbin-Kcang-foo where the Chinese had strong ar
my, of about 5000 men, encamped on hills over
hanging the river, at about three miles distance.
Three brigades, in July 81, landed and marched
against the foe. Lord Saltoun headed that against
the camp General Barteys brigade had to act be-
tween the city and the camp, SO as to prevent fugi-
tiyes reaching the city from the camp; and General
Schesdde who landed the RIVER side of the city,
opposite the fleet, had to escalade the northern wall
Bartleys brigade being directed 10 attack the city
the SOUTH after il bad executed its first duties.
The soldiers in the Chinese camp did not wait to
be attacked, but fled. II was evident however, that
the Tartar garrison intended defending the city, for
they opened from the walls thereof wary and nces-
san, fire Of cannon, ngas-wa- pieces, rockets, and
matchlocks. Schesdde's troops escaaded the north
wall but the Tartar troops calamity resisted, dis
putting the ground inch by inch, and adroitly avail
ing themselves Of the knowledge of the localities
gall the British troops and themselves. The
brigade of General Bsrtley entered the city by blow
Ing up one OF the gates but though their force was a
great addition to that under General Scbesdde which
had also been reinforced by large attachments Of
marines and sailors. The Tartars fought on for
many hours,-untl dusk, IN iact-and at last either
quilted the city, or throwing off their military cos
tune mingled with the inhabitants. The city Of
Chn-keang-foo, thus captured IS more than four
miles in circumference and strongly fortified that
none but canDon-shot could have made impression
upon the solid parapet The garrison consisted Of
5000 Tartars, of whom fully third were killed
Sir Henry Pottinger adds; The Tartar General
Comma pder-in-Chlef retired to his residence when
he all was lost, made his servants set it on fire.
and sat his chair till he burnt 10 death. His
private secretary found the day after the assault
hidden in garden, and on being carried TO the spot
recognised the half-consumed remains Of his master
ho W. nv of N n deaf | he
this to avoid beng sawed alive between two planks
which is understood TO be the punishment of Chinese
officers who happen to be defeated by enemy.
In the British land fo,ce, three officers killed