The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1843-05-22
NEW YORK MONDAY MORNING, MAY 90, lS43.

| der themselves committed like the "pbblng
horse, they cannot get at their provender without
| carrying the load lsomehsw over the hill ana
| they will lind 1t an awkward untoward enort.
1t is material to bear in mind that the correspon,
dence concerning this measure was begun by Lord
STANLEY more than twelve months ago, when the
principles al free trade really advancing, with
| very little obstruction from any quarter, and when
| the ministers appeared TO see nothing but a smooth
and pleasant course for their future development.
Parliament ought at the time to have been made
| qualnted with the pnrport and object OF that cor
respoadence if favorable issue was to he regard
ed as pledging the Executive to pass the bill m oil
its principal provisions which Lord Stanley is about
| to Introduce. Ii forms essentially very important
part of the great measure of last session. which the
public supposed TO have been contaminated by the
| new corn law We shall presently see that there
| are other matters besides this Canadian bll! which
render that new corn law deception practlced on
| the agricultural interest of this kingdom 1t seems
to be one thing, when It IS another and vesy olne
! rent hlng-so far as the degree OF protection al
fOrded by ii is concerned. In fact, from subsequent
proceedings entered into and completed, without
| the knowle ledge OF a single individual belonging 10
| the agricultural interest, other than minister or
| servant of the Crown, this Canadian flour bill may
| be represented measure to afford additional
protection to British agriculture additional, we
mean, the degree Of prO'ec secured by the
laws passed in the session of 1912 bat 10 that which
the agricultural body were under when PaTllame
met in February This is its character, speaking to
the letter; though 1t is not so in spirit or In practice
1t is necessary clear up this point by very search
ing enquiry, which can be carried on tttectualiy by
no man, or body of men, but an intelligent Parlia.
| mentary Committee. bent upon-not suppresslng or
| hdlng-but uDOn discovering the truth, and the
| whole truth For the want OF such tribunal we
must attempt 10 suggest some OF the proper objects
tor such an investigation.
| Some weeks since a well-informed merchant of
this city, in the wine trade, inserted let er IN
The Tlmes," calling public attention to the sub
ject of commercial treaties, to which ne gave fit
appellatlon, by designating them the Treaty Nul.
sance." Who knows anything about these treaties!
Ask the best-lnsructed man in official lie with
| what powers we have commercial treaties, and he
cannot tell you without reterence-thus affording
another instance Of the truth of the happy bon mot
| of King George III, Lawyers do not know
much more law than other men the difference is,
| they know where to find 1t when they want IT,"
| The same with professional politicians. The tech
| nical meaning of commercial treaty. we conclude,
is treaty which stpuates that the produce OF beth
the contracting parties shall, on entering the terrific
ries of each other, be dealt with as the produce OF
| '',the most favored nations" Ii was SO explained
the other night by Mr. Labouchere, the late presi-
dent of the Board OF Trade. In this particular it
differs from treaty of mere amitv and navigation,
Specific clauses may be inserted In any treaty. con-
ferrng special privileges on either party without
| ciprocal advantages. This has, we find been done
IN two cases OF great importance to the agricultural
| interest of this Kingdom, because, we interpret
the provisions of two existing treaties, every bushe
OF the surplus corn OF the United States may, as the
law now stands, find its way to English ports at
maximum duty of S. the quarter of wheat.-howev
er low may be the price OF corn in England; and at
| minimum duty OF Is the quarter OF wheat when
the average price of that grain in England exceeds
5Ss the quarter. The following is the clause OF tine
| late treaty. which has been lust concluded by Lord
Ashburton which sccomplishes this purpose for the
United States. Through the same medium, any
country havlnE the privilege "of the most favored
nations NAV in like manner insinuate its agricult,-
raj produce into England by first sending it to Cam
ada to he converted into NEAL
"ARTIcLE Ill In order to promote the interests and
encourage the industry Of all the inhabitants Of the
countries watere by the river st. John and its trbuta
ries whether living within the province Of New Bruins
WICK or the STAT. ~ Name 1t IS agreed that where, ny
tne OF te present treaty the river 81 Joen is
d 70 u1 me ua o. Ie .. ne
IN No wsv he bv ei,bsr that eli the nroducs
Of the forest in T lumber timber boards slaves or
shingles, of agriculture, not being manufactured
on any these parts Of the State of Maine watered
by the river st. John or by its tributaries of which fact
reasonable evidence snail required be produced shall
nave 'ree accesS o ana tnrougn 'ne sac Iver ana s
M;n -, d ir th . y, ~, h 'n e , b.s1 .,
river ST Johns and to and round the falls Of the .aS
river either by boats RATS or other convey ance thai
hen oihin ne prosince of Nev Bns,Dick the said pro-
duce shall be dealt soih the produce of the said
propnee that in like manner the Of the terri.
,oly OF the upper 90 John determined oy this treaty to
"eions 10 er s M'ssy' snsl nave iree access
where the said rvr runs whoIIv Sroue I'm S,I,a ~
w.;ne .prov,dsd o,vsv. nc, ~. sn ,u ~
no RICH, to either party to interfere with anv reauaon
inconsistent with the Of this treaty which the
governments, respectively, OF New Brunswick Of
Maine may make respecting the navigation Of the said
river where poh banks tnereoi snail belong 10 the same
party
| Here it is necessary 10 remark, and to bear in
nina LOT SUBSEQUENT a,Picauon ana renecuon, mat
The concession 10 the ohteu Sates Is grdt",tous,
rncond9!o'ds CONCESSION. ~, '6e AGRICULTURAL pro-
ogce Oh .ne I'a.e OF Ma'ne VI may De deposit
| ed on Brlush territory, and when there, is to be
,reaien In all CTS as the produce OF Canada or
| New brunswick. Ihere is no mention OF import
d9'y 70 De paid-no stipulation ior corresponding
mlvilege tor the produce OF Canada entering the
| GnIteo Yates wnere II would DC SUBJECTED 10
du'y on wneat LOT example, eqaai 10 os o. or IS %
u
Inns unseen DoW akdns ne asIicul.uial interest," OF
England casts h4 I.ocu,ous GontIast me nice dls-
tlpcuons anu eaooraI SPECIFIES ;ta ,alseu on peuy
po.n!s oi M Wills hi ~ was as unuer ols