The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1843-02-02
BY THE SOUTHERN MAIL.
o. The mail South of Washington did not arrive
Wa shlugtOn,

WASHINGTON, Tuesday Night,}
The Oregon Territory-Army BilI-GeneraI
| Jaekson's Fine.
The principal business done to day, was the pas.
sage OF the Army Bill in the House. and Mr. Cal
houn's speech in the Senate, on the Oregon CUES
| ton.
| In the HOUSE, Mr.. CLIFFORD offered a resolution.
instructing the Committee on Ways and Means to
| inquire and report to the House, what will be the
probable receipts into the Treasury during the cur
| rent year from all sources; and also what will be
the amount of Treasury charges during the same pc.
Rod and whether there will not be deficiency to
meet the current expences oil the Government cso,
to report the probable amount, and what measures
ought to be adopted to supply the means. This was
| rejected.
The Judiciary Committee reported against paw
ing General Jackson's Fine, under any circumstan-
| ces whatever.
The Army Bill was then taken up, and the follow
| ing amendments were concurred in, and the Bill
| was passed, and sent to the Senator
| l. Hereafter. in all cases at appointment of Ca
diets, the individual selected shall be actual resi-
dent OF the Congre ssonal district of the State or
Territory from which the appointment purports to be
made.
2. That hereafter the number of Cadets shall be
limited to the number OF Representatives and Dele,
gates IN Congress and that each Congressional and
Territorial district should be entitled to have one
Cadet at the said Academy
| 4. That hereafter no Board of Visitors, shall be
| appointed unless otherwise ordered by Congress-
| ayes 100, nays 81.
| S. The appropriation for the Board of visters, as
provided tor in the bill, was in accordance with the
| above amendment, stricken out.
The amendment appropriating So, 900 for extend
ing and rendering more complete the meteorological
observations at the several military posts, under the
| direction of the Surgeon General, was rejected
| In the SENATE to-day great variety of unimpor-
| rant business was transacted among which about
sixty private bills from the House were read, and
| engrossed
| Petitions were presented for the erection of
| floating dock from citizens of New York, by Mr..
TALLMADGE; against the repeal of the bankrupt law
by Messrs. WRIeHT and MILLER; in favor of the re-
| peal by MIR. WRIGHT; in favor Of the issue OF 60
vernment stock, and for relief of Amos Kendall, by
| Mr.. STURGEON, &c.
The joint resolution for the establishment of agen-
ces for the inspection and purchase OF water rotted
| hemp in the States OF Kentucky and Missouri, for
| use of the u S. Navy, was debated during the
| morning hour by Messrs SMITH, of Indiana, CRIT
rENnEN, BENTON, BAYARD, KING, and others, and put
| over till tomorrow.
The debate on the Oregon bill was resumed by
Mr.. CALHOUN, in an able and statesmanlike speech,
| which was listened to by large and attentive au-
the discussion of this bill, to bear in mind that this
is not new subject, that controversy has existed
between this country and Great Britain as to this
Oregon territory for many, years. and that
the present measure extended to the whole terri
| tory from the northern boundary of Mexico in la
tltude AZ the soantern point OF the Russian pos
|
Der that many efforts have been made to adjust this
claim, and that they have all heretofore proved
| successful. The first of these was made in 1915
| 1t failed to adjust the question of boundary between
| the two nations, but in lieu OF it, and in order to
preserve peace, it was stipulated that the country
should be tree and open to citizens of both the U.
was made to adjust the question OF title between the
British agent and the distinguished citizen of Penn
| sylvania, who then represented our nation at the
Court of ST. James, but there proved to be great
| difference between which n
impossible then to reconcile The effort proved I'M
success full. The stipulation of 1918 provided that
the expiration of the ten years, in 1927, another ei
| tort was made by our minister, Mr.. Gallatin, and
after much time and trouble spent in negotiating,
convention Of 1918, adding .only, that either
| party might annul it by giving one years notice.
That was all that was done, and all that rems ined
to DO was to make some stipulation i99 that neither
ALEC be borne III mind that from 1918 to this day,
there has been scarcely single session of Cor gress
| In which efforts have not been made in one of the
two houses to assert the right of this nation to that
| territory. well remember that the distinguished
citizen OF Kentucky, and afterwards Governor of
that State Gov Floyd, persisted in bringing for
ward this measure, with a similar zeal and ability
| to the honorable Senator's from Missouri (Mr Linn)
and that his efforts failed. Now, Mr.. President,
the question is presented to US, shall this bill share
the fate OF all Its predecessors Aud that question
involves another, and one of the first magnitude,
on the settlement of which must depend the fate of
this BILL and that Is, has the time arrived that
II will be expedlent for to assert and maintain
our rights to that countryl Sir, in This discussion,
will not include the question of title the terri
tory, nor the expediency of occupying that terri
| tory, as an abstract thing, nor shall / notice
the commercial and political advantages of
that country, nor the usual conduct of Great
Britain, and her ambitious and graspng poll
cy which has been SO warmly commented upon by
| OF these points out OF the question. / consider the
real question TO be-has the time arrived that it
would be wise and expedlent to assert rights to
this territory as proposed by this bill For this pro-
posest assert our title and that the whole ter
ritory. Now, sir, hold that it is not expedient for
plain and decisive reason. viz: that your attempt
will be vain and fruitless, il resisted by Great Bri.
tam And that reason stands on another equally
plain and simple, because England can concentrate
on that territory, very, great and powerfuforce,
| and at tar less expense than we can do. SIR
seem to have forgotten the great occurrences which
have recently taken place the Eastern continent.
Within the last year all the forces possessed by
| Great Britain have been liberated. She has Just
terminated successful war with China, and has
established strong force on the shore directly OPP
poslte the Oregon. And what, sir, do you suppose
is the distance across from where they will have
powerful force planted Tor years to come! Sir, it
is less than five hous md miles. and in few weeks
they can put force there, which would be utterly
Irresistible TO any we could oppose to it, The force
she might send there, would be backed by that most
| hardy race of trappers as well as the swarms OF
| Indians both within and beyond our lines. Now,
| SIR, what do you suppose we can do on our part
lance to the mouth of the Columbia river in a naval
point of view If you sail in direct route, it is
| over 1S, 900 miles, upwards of halt the .circuni-
| ference of the globe The ordinary voyage is six
| months from New York to the mouth of the Column
ba river. So, sir, the question of overcoming Eng
land there by water is settled; no man can dream of
| it. Now, sir, what is our hope OF sustaining our
| rights there by land From the State of Missouri
to that country it is at least 600 miles, and onehalf
of that through an almost barren wilderness, afford
ing no provisions except the game of the forest.
| Well, now IT IT be thus, 1t will take army up
wards Of 100 days to go there they would be ex-
hausted, and worn out by the journey, and would
be obliged to subsst only on such food az they could
| procure by the rifle. Sir, these are ncontestibe
| facts. No man doubt them-no
| can galnsay them; in the present state Of