Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1843-03-24
the cane, which, after tho Juice i. expressed i. usually


the cane, which, after tho Juice expressed is usually
burned ,
The mill should DO made on the same general prin-
clplc employed IN constructing those intended for
grlnndiing cane An important difference, however,
Will DO found both in the original cost and in the ex
pcnse ofworking them. Judging from the compare.
I'VE hardness othe and cornstalk, il is believed
that oneourh part of the strength necessary in the
construction Of cane mill will be amply sufficient
iot corn and less than one-fourth part of the power
viii nbve 1t with the same velocity. II may be made
with lhree upright wooden rollers, from twenty to for
~ inches in engh h, turned so as to run true and fit
,ednto strong framework, consisting of two horl-
zontol pieces, sustained by uprghts. These pieces
nre motscd, 10 admit wedges each side Of the piv
OTIS of the two rollers, by which their distances
from the middle one may be regulated The power !
is applied 10 the middle roller, and the others NOV
cd from ii by of cogs In grinding the stalks
pass through on the right side of the cylinder, and
come in contact with piece of framework called the
dumb returner, which directs them edwards, so
that they pass through the rollers nrain. on tho OPP
posite side of The middle one (See plate) The mod
crn improved machine is made entirely Of iron three
above aud two below; the stalk passes direct
y through, receiving two pressures beoic it escapes
| (See plae) The lower cylinders are contained in
a small cistcrn which receives the juice The latter
machine is tho most complete; the former the least
expensive. These mills may be moved by cattle; but
Tor large operations, steam or water power is prefcra
bic. When the vertical OFFENDERS turned BY CATTLE
the axis Of the middle has long levers fixed across
u extending from ten to fifteen feet from the centre.
To render the ms itm the axis of this roller is car
RED up to considerable height; and obhque braces of
wood by which the oxen or horses draw, are extend.
ed from the top of the vertical axis to the exremites
ofeach Of the arms. When horizontal cylinders are
propelled by animal power, the upper roller is turned
by the cogs at one end which arc caught by cogs on
vertical shaft. Ii is said that in the West Indies,
the pnrcsi cane juice will fermcnt in twenty minutes
after enters the receiver. Corn juice has been kept
for one hour before boiling, without any apparent in
jury resulting but much delay is not desirable, us
it may be attended with bad effects.
Theprocess which has been employed in the manu-
acure of mazs sugar is as follows: The juice, after
coming from the mill, stood for short time, TO depos
lite some oft coarser impurities. 1t was then poured
OIL and passed through flannel straner, in order to
get rid Of such matters as could be separated in this
way, Lime water, called milk of lime, was then ad
ded in the proportion of one two table spoon full 10
the gallon. 1t s said by sugar manufacturers that
knowledge on this point only be acquired by ex
perlence; but have never failed in making sugar
from employing too much or too little of the lime. A
certain portion Of this substance, however is undoubt
edly necessary, and more or lees than this will be in
furious; but precise directions can be given about
IT, The juice was then placed over the fire, and
brought nearly to the boiling point, when it was care
fully siimmel-'akng care 10 complete this opera
ton before chuiltion commenced 1t was then boil
ed down rapidly removing the scum as il The
juice was examined, from time to time and if there
wasany appearance Of eculen particles, which would
not rise 10 the surface it again passed through a
: flannel sirainer In lnigng when the slfup is suf-
ccnslv boiled, portion taken between the thumb
and ln2er; and It, when moderately cool, thread
half an inch long could be drawn il was considered
to be DONE and poured into broad shallow vessels to
crystalline. In some cases capitalization conmcnc.
- cd IN twelve hours; in others, not till after several
days; and in was this process SO far compct-
ed as to allow the sugar to be drained in less than
v ! three weeks from the time Of boiling. The reason
II why great length Of time required have not
y yet been able 10 discover There is doubt but that
!. improved process ofmanulacture will it 10
u granulate as quickly as any other.
y Enough has been said to enable any one so dispos-
> ed 10 manufacture sugar from maze
Il As to the profits ofthc business | shall make no
- positive assertions; experience on the SUBJECT IS ye
y too limited to warrant them and, ms all the facts III
y relation to it arc now before the public, every one IN
% terested can draw his own conclusions. ]! is sad by
those acquainted with the cultivation of the cane tina
Is business cannot be carried proftably less thar
:, one hundred acres in crop; and that attempts on {
small scale will be certain to FAIL with great loss
,e time and labor. How far this may be applicable t.
% corn remains 10 be seen.
y. Some comparison between the cultivation OF can
u and thai OF corn may perhaps be interesting.
NJ The cane lands in Louisiana are redeemed 10 ayr
culture by strong embankments along the river, AM
III by numerous ditches which extend back into tn
-. swamp to considerable distance beyond the line o
so cultivation. The ground is still further divided b.
y smaller bitches, into los Of from one to two acres II
y. extent 1t is extremely rich and productive but IN
II. expense of draining and keeping up the embankment
~ mnst be considerable; this forms the first dcrenc
- be noted in the culture Of the two plants under con
nc sideration.
The best season for planting cane is in the fall
ny which is also the time of harvest, when labor IS tn
valuable and the greatest exertions require
ne to the crop before il is destroyed by frost
mt Blu! the most striking difference will be found il
ms the OF seed, and in the labor of planting. TIL
cane is propagated by layers; these partly fur
as ing but are principally raoons OF the latter, it re
We qures the produce OF one acre 10 plant three l
ms grain from one acre ofcon will be sufficient for plan
on ing forty acres; therefore, the difference in the el
. pensc for seed will be as one 10 thirteen
" In planting cane, furrows are made with the ploug
n, from two and haflo three fee, upart in these ay
ne ers placed in double row, and the earth draw
them, with hoes, 10 the depth Of three or four il
u ches.
ia- In the spring, bofo.e the plants are up this
mr. is partly scraped OIL so as to leave them brrt
we from one to two inches From this account, il is e.
IN icnt tina. no more manual labor will be required
'n drill fifty in corn than TO plant acre in can
rs The labor Of rultvang the latter plant during
eh growth is also greater, bat this may be ba anced
ac' the work required 10 tale off the embryo ca
from the corn When cultivated in the mode recon
ing mcnded, the stalk Of corn is soft remarkably heav
III and Jul Of juice from bottom 10 top. The amount
zee power required for grinding them must be much le
re- than is necessary for cane what is the same thin
n.y. equal power will do it with greater rapidly T
on average yield Of cane, in Louisiana, isone ,housa
OF pounds Of sugar and i1ry five gallons of moasses
pre-! acre. From the above comparative statement
nay would appear tina. half this amount of crop fro
dS' corn would be equally If not more profitable
us us will only add, i'll conclusion, that whether or
su- the sugar from the cornstalk may soon become
III article of profitable export, ,s manufacture ~ the 81
NY pes form will enable every family to supply the
e, selves with an article for common use, now beco
IN so much necessary of life, and thus cons
cradle bill of expense yearly paid for foreign sugar
,,bs Extract from Anna.s dc la Societe POLYTECHNIC
HE'D Practique, No. %, for OCTOBER 1897
reat SUGAR OF CoRN.-There is no plant Of greater g.
ON era interest or utility than Indian II
that under grea, variety of different forms, for the no
on shment of man and the domestic animals and, abb
8 TO all, the application ofndustrious science.
coed In reference to its sacchnrine qualities, maize
ten not been sufficiently appreciated. Travellers rep
the that under the tropics the stalk of this plant SO
our ny saccharne tina, the Indians suck il as in other
an, ces they do the sugar cane. NJ. Palace who
G of. made great many researches on this application
well maize has arrived remarkable result he has fol-
nee by many experiments, pom IN france anu more
the Gently in Africa that this Vegetable, by simple m
piled iGcaipn applied to lis culture is able to nrnis
used much more considerable quan'y OF sugar man by
,ner ordinary method This method consists in detach
crop from the paint Immediately after the formulation
,wod the ovares CATER the plant has tasselled) me yo
ear and to leave it to develop ITSELF thus deprived
va its fruit. Arrived at maturity, the stalk Of Indian
5 or canains crysallizabe sugar in quantity very oil
We in double that obtained when the plant left to ma
dop- with the grain In fact by the ordinary mode of
Al. I'll a.. ,,a