Richmond daily Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1842-1861, 1843-07-01

These principles
"tirst. That when any European nation takes posses
extending the interior county the Of the
empying within that coast all their branches and
the country they cover aud to give IL right IN exclusion
| Of all other nations To the same"
"Secohdly. That whene European nation makes
discovery and takes possession OF portion Of tins
tnen and another afterwards does the same nj some DIS
lance from H. where the boundary between them not de-
termined by the principle above mentioned the middle DIS
tnnce becomes such OF course"
Thirdly. That when any Europeon nation has thus
quired right any portion OF Territory this continent
THAT RIGHT CAN SEvER DIMINISHED
OTHER POWER. ny vIRruE MADE GRANTS OF
THE NATIVES WITHIN THEREOF"
The facts stated in this last mentioned note and which
these principles were applied support of the claim OF the
u 81 under the cesson OF Louisiana by France TO them
We're:
al That the Mississippi in its whole length the
was discovered by French subjects from Canada in 1888
~ That La Sale, Frenchman, with commission
and authority nom Louis XIV, discovered the bay OF ST
Bernard, and formed settlement there the Western side
OF the river Colorado the year 1885, and that the posses
sion thus taken in the bay of ST. Bernard in connection
with that the Mississippi had always been understood
AS OF RlaHr IT OUGHT, TO EXTEND TO rHE Rio Bravo"
- That the boundary, thus founded upon possession
was described forming the limits of louisiana in the
grant by Louis XIV. to Crozat in l7l2"
~ Thatt was supported by the authority OF the hstor
cal writers, Du Pratt and Champagne, by historical and
poucai memoir on LOUISIANA, written by the Count dc Yer
gennes the Minister of Louis XIV, by chart OF LOUISIANA
published in l762 by Don Thomas Lopez geogpher the
King OF AIM and by map OF DE Isle, of the Academy
OF Sciences at Paris revised and published there in 1854
these principles, thus clear. equitable and eSplici
these facts thus precise authentic what
opposed by Don Pedro Cevaos at that me and what
is now alleged by your
After combating length and with great force the argu
ments OF both Don Pedro Cevaos and Lewis de 0nis Mr.
Adams uses the following language the letter. (psgc
AID:
"You know sir, and your own furnish themselves
the most exclusive proofs that France rhc she held the
Colony Of Louisiona did acknowledge the Mssissip
pa as the treserR boundary Of that PrOpinee. The claim
OF France always did ertend oesfodTd 10 the Rio Brauo
hp hainr
the cesson TO Spain of November l762 those marked
out in the grant from Louis XIV Croza she ALWAYS
CLAIMED THE TERRITORY WHICH "TExAS"
WITHIN THE LOUISIANA, which, in
that grant, is declared TO be bounded westward N Mexico
eastward by Carolina and extending inward the Illinois,
and to the sources OF the Mississippi and OF its principle
branches"
"Iere you will please observe begins the conflicts with
the claims of France the Western Boundary
transferred by the cesson Of the province the u States
The pTesidiOS, settlements of Las Terds by
own statement adverse settlements that of La Sae who,
six before had taken formal possession Of
try in the of and by authority Of charter from
Louis XIV. They were preceded by expedition from
Mexico the year before, (hat 1852 "hHRt the
French remaining of the settlement of la Sale. Now,
what night had the Viceroy of Mexico hunt the French
who had formed settlement under the sanction OF their
sovereigns authority You will tell me that from the time
when Santa Fe the capital Of New Mexico, built Spain
considered all the territory and north of that province
as far as the Mississippi and Missouri her property that
the whole circumference of the Gulf of Mexico hers
and that Philip the H. had issued royal order exer.
inmate foreigner who should dare penetrate it,
that the whole question of right between the United States
and SpaiD with regard 10 this boundary, in ths
he naked petenton Of Spain the whole circumference of
the Gull OF Mexico, with the eXteminating order OF Philip
H. side, and the actual occupancy Of France by
solemn charter from Louis XIV. on the other Well might
Messrs. Pnckney and Monroe write Mr. Cevallos in
lSO5 that the claim of the United the boundary
the RiO BrGrO clear their night the island OF NJ
Orleans.
AT, sir, you will exhibit any evidence of right in Spain
TO the right bank Of the Mississippi will be considered by
the government of the United States with all the
to which can be entitled In the time, you
but perceive that this pretenon utterly incompatible both
with that advanced in another part Of your NOTE OF right
IN spain 10 the whole circumference OF the Gull Mexico
and with that Of the Hti Popidefis Of l76I."
ITO all such prefeHsiOns the part of Spain di-
reefed 10 inform that the IT, S. aeeede. The
President as Milling 10 hope that the time DH Iohen
youT Government toH become sensible Of the USELESS
NESS Of Tesorting 10 them"
In another letter. bearing date Oct 81 1878, and after
The one Just quoted from bad been eaboraiely answered
by Louis DE Onis-Mr. Adams employs the following Ian
guage
Your letter of the 9th inst and the proposals contained
IN It, offered the basis of treaty for the adjustment of all
the subecsin discussion between the IT, s. SPAIN
been received and laid before the President Of the u So
81 am directed by him, forbear entering any ex
animation OF the historical disquiston concerning the orr
gna preensons OF Spain all the territories bordering
the Gull OF Mexico and the whole country included in the
freneh colony OF LOUISIANA which have thought
per 10 introduce into your The right Of the u < to
the rver Mississippi and all the flowing it, and
to oil the territory watered by them, remdiHds entire and
which had ever preceded in the discussions between the
two governments. In ESTABLISHED BEYOND POWER
OF FURTHER CONTROVERSY; nor could it any useful
purpose reproduce proofs which have already more than
once been shewn and which remaining unimpared,
henceforh be considered by the u. s. susceptible OF
refutaton"
"The boundary line proposed by YOU Of the Mis-
sssipp little be assented by the u S. Instead Of
IT, am authorized to propose you the following, and 10
assure you tath is 10 be considered the final offer of
the u. s."
beginning the mouth OF the SaJine the Gulf
Of HeEieo, following the of said river the 32d de
gree OF auude the eastern bank and all the islands in said
riyer TO belong the IT, s., aud the bank Spain;
thence due morrill, TO the nOrtheTmos part Of the 3d de-
gree Of north latitude and until strikes the Rio Boxo,
Red River thence following the of the said
its source touching the chain Of the Snow Mountains, in
latitude 81 degrees % minutes morrill, Longitude LOG degrees
10 minutes west, hereabous asmarked Meish's map;
thence the summit Of the said mountains and following
the chnn Of the TO list parallel Of aude thence fol-
lowing the said parallel Of latitude IL degrees the South
Sea. The northern bank of the Red River and all the
islands therein TO belong the u. s., and the southern
bank of the to Spain"
In subsequent letter. Of Nov. SOh 1919 page 5l5)
Mr.. Adams employs this language:
81 had the honor OF receiving letter OF the 18th inst
and am directed by the President you that making
10 you the proposal continued in my letter Of the 3st OF
last month, with regard to the boundary between
the u $. and the bordering territory ofSpan twas with the
view, by the magnitude Of The sacrifice Which inpoipes
on the part Of The r. S. to manifest the deep socilude
which he ieltin terminating by general adjustment Of all
the dieences which have been long in discussion be-
tween the two nations, Of things unpropitOus
the good understanding between them, and much be
regretted by boihl"
As beeyed that this article could alone present
an ultimate obstacle TO the agreement thus earnestly des
ed, was directed frankly present you az once the utmost
e1teHt TO Which the Government Of the IT, S. felt itself
rnnted, consistently with is duties the RIGHTS AND INTER
Ers or THE MARION, To concede UNQUEsrfoNABE
RIoHTs to accommodate the wishes and quiet the PRE-
TENSIONS or YOUR SOVEREIGN; but in yielding hus much
you explicitly notified that the proposition was final
and that upon your acceptance Of II depended the only re-
naming hope IN the mind Of the President Of a ermna
Won Of this negotiation satisfactory 10 both parties"
From studious examination Of these facts Thus detailed
and enforced by Mr. Adams-and an inspection Of n mapof
Texas-we shall arrive three important conclusions
si That the u $. woro in virtue Of the treaty purchase Of
Louisiana, in 1903, from France fairly entitled 10 the whole
OF the territory Ut Tcxns I'd. That Mr.. Adams In his
oourRoNlsE agreed as FivAb ALrERNsr1vE to
consent Tor the u s., TO ibis territory and make
the COLORADO, instead Of the Rio Bravo OF Grande the
western boundary Of the u s.. aud 3d. Thathe ultimate.
y consented as na proposition make the SABINE tie