The Democratic Whig. [volume] (Columbus, Miss.) 1842-1843, 1843-10-19

selfand family, In tbisfarieig therefore, there
ls great advantage. He has the means Of
securing % himself an Independence--and Il e
tree Of anindiWdual d Of a nation, that, with
oul independence 10 man IS man, nor can be
ever be man. (Choera)
Il Is ibis which gives him personal
pspectability; for you vii perceive that Il be
has provisions and heeces, be table Is supplied.
bis family, 70 a great extent Is clothed and II
prices lalL bow far IS be affected Only on
The excess ofhs productions, which, not need
log them for consumption, he sends 70 market.
Suppose this excess Be 10 per cent. Of bis
whole product--while il prices ial, then, L az
feels only 10 per cent Of be income. lit
falls upon The tropical plantation, It runs
| through his whole product, and affects his
whole income But the farmer who is gov.
emsd BY the other principle lave mentioned,
eats, drinks, and is clothed without care as TO
prices He is bis own consumer. He buys Of
himself. His best customer is himself bis
wife, and bis healthy children. These are
al iupplicd wilhno reference 10 or concern for
other markets. Thus, therefore, except as 10
the excess ofhis production above their wants,
why should he care fig for the lie and fall OF
prices This general truth may be, and
doubtless is, modified BY many considerations.
| Il may be that a country Ike yours, engaged
ia graln-growing, is a country in which you
look 10 the sale Of that great commodity for
other means. Bot there can nevertheless, be
/ found no othes 10 which the elements Of life
make al comfortable and happy, and secure IN
an equal degree, against famine and want let
| The agila.iOns, and excitements, and changes
Of the commercial world be whai they may.
Gentlemen, IN my judgment it is this indepen-
dence Of occasional change, N g selfsupport
by cur own means, secured By the cultivation
Of our own soil by our own hands, which gives
the farmer Of the United States that indepen-
| dent character which constitutes he respect
and value as a man and citizen.
Gentlemen, this reflection might be pursued
al great length Il might be made TO appear
/ to what extent Il affects the character Of So
ciety. why, what Is the Society in a plan
tation establishment in The West Indies -
There is no Society There is a capitalist
and there is labor Of particular description;
but a Society, q Society Of intelligent, free
spirits there is none, none, NONE, and there
never can be i is, therefore, in the tempe
rate climaies--in the rich and favored spots Of
Goo il is therefore. gentlemen, beneath such
/ q
as tLst winch you tread, that truest develop.
meut Of a strong society is to be made that can
ever be witnessed On the Earth Loud
eheers) Gentlemen everybody knows that
AZ the foundation OF I'll that is important in
human life lies thi' great busness--lhe cult.
vation ofths earth. II il were Coz his sins that
Man waa condsmaad TO till The lard, i WAS
| the most nenial nidsnlebi iaat alnRhIy ~
nightly coula haye iihictedn rtl him. [Loud
end rcpestsd eis-sfs
Now, gsHiemen i regard 10 The gfsatm.
ierest 81 Agricul nc, there are lii4gs which
individuals may DO for themselves. And there
are things, too, which tho collected sense
the collected agency Of individuals, that is,
/ which GovERRMENT must d. for them. What
they can DO themselves they must be In to
10 for themselves. Bat, as have said, there
arc great objects, grsat interests great arrange.
menis which are necessary for The enrichment
Of the fields Of Ag iculture. for every one who
tills them, which belong 10 Government, aud
: which Government IS not in the fulflment Of
It's duties when it disregards or neglects. ln-
dviduas may judge on such instructions as
they can obtain, Of The character Of soil aud
Of climate They may jadgo Of the nipple.
mcuts and mode Of hus6andry. This is the
scope, indeed, OF judgment, Of experience, o.
association, Of a comparison Of experiments
which institutions like yours are particularly
intended TO bring together. You have hero
spread out the means Of judging what nipple.
men's Of agriculture, what modes Of cultivation
are best adapted TO produce any desired result
and the study Of these constitutes he oduca
ton Of The Farmer. THIS is to be done by H.
dividuals aud BY individual associations. Bu
there arc other things'n agriculture, as in ohe
interests Of Society, which need the aid Of Gov
eminent. Il would be.slrange if Il were 9th
erwise: htrange, indeed IL Government, thu
collected agency Of the whole peopie, should
/ lind empl yment with regard 70 other things
and yelbe discharged from al duty with regard
: 10 that elementary, that Indispensable interest
! the cultivation Of the fields
: There are interests Of Agriculture too larg
4 and distant for individuals 10 govern and Fegu
: lave. These Government muat attend to =
: What are they! shah not 60 through then
I. al, hecause il does not become me, and be
h cause ] am not about 10 read lectures 10 Gov
! eminent in general, or 10 our own in parncu
i laE (Cheers and laughterl But there ar
:, things which individuals cannot do for them
= selves and which, therefore. are the very oh
/, iects which is is the duty Of Government to d
Z Tor them. So II is N other respects. II o.
- individual cannot protect himself against AZ
sault and violence, Government must proteC
I, him. individuals cannot open for themsclyC
! a market, Government must do il for them
= the general agency Of society must be Gallo
~ in. The whole theory Of Government, if W
~ separate it from divine right, Il we consde
y, as existing for the good Of the governed, 10
" plies that Government Is 10 DO fof indvdua
= what individuals cannot do for themselve
; Now, there arc things which individuals cal
u not do for themselves, for they require Il
ii contributions Of many; they require arrang
- ment, system, regulation, assessments, ADM
y istrailon And what are they
nd In the first place, solar, Cand wish to spe,
- Of il no larther,) 50 far as the interest Of Ag
gs culture is concerned, its first demand on Go
a. eminent is, after Protection, q do not use d
as word in q political spnse) after that protects
; 4 Of the law which secures 10 every man d
Of earnings Of his own labor--ailer this, the do
ice Of Government 70 Agriculture Is, to gips
m easy Transmission Of Us products 10 the place
lat sale end consumption because, in our ohmu
mt ---in any elimate--mmanliie, # we carry q
he IDEAS beyond mere necessity, calls for thin
lit the products Of other climates, the fruits Of
es- labor Of other persons N other parts Of |
10. world; and therefore there Is always nee
asst sity for commercial exchange, for disposing
%. the surplus productions Of one climate for tht
Ca Of another, and thus to become possesse
what are commonly regarded as the luxuF
far Of life, but which are its comforts, and VIII
ng- are the products Of the labor Of different gu
gri- lers. Therefore, one great object and duty
~. s.a M A. d =