Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1843-02-24
IN THE AGRICUL-
TURE, ARTS AND PRODUCTIONS
OF THE UNITED STATES.

several states for tie year 1912 The amount Of
information herein presented OF profound aud |
positive practical interest TO the whole people of |
our country hns rarely if ever been excelled Ivy |
the contents of any public document. The ma |
ture and scope of its topics will be cleaned from
the following enumeration:
PATENT OFFICE, January 81, ls43,
Dear Sir: Allow me to say that shall this day
forward TO The Speaker my Annual Report; and
beg leave to remark that have, during the year
past, taken much pains to collect facts and Stats
tics, which hope will be interesting TO the cOuI-
munlty.
In addition to the ordinary details of the office,
which show net surplus of over $4,000, have
presented,
lsl. Tie census of the inhabitants of each State
and Territory up to January, l643
III. the amount ofingficutural products md The
SURPLUS with the Of failures in some Stnles.
3D.. The disposition of this and the increasing
surplus, by diversion of labor exploration.
4th. The present value of American produce
in foreign markets: with price of frelghls, &c.
9Th. The Tariffs Of foreign nations on our ugri.
| cultural products.
9Th. The ability of this country to compete with
| continental Europe in the British market.
9Th. Tie Colonial Tariff Of CANADA.
! Sh The admission of American produce into
England via Canada ut colonial duties, especially
The operation OF the duty on wheat and -four alter
July next.
| 9d' Ire experiments of sugar making from
corn Siak IN the different States with directions
how TO overcome remaining difficulties.
| 10Th ManuiacjGr" Of t." and candles from lard !;
our ability TO export 500 0o0 eco annually.
! IlIh. The comparative '"luH of sperm oil and
lard oil as tested by numerous experiments
l2lh. An improved mode Of enclosing prairie
lands, and The better mode OF culvating timber
lands.
I3th. An economical mode of building, espec-
tally On the praries, and all places where timber
is scarce together with many other suggestions
for the improvement Of agrcn'lurr.
Much Of the information is given in tuhnar
form, accompanied with a few plates, to I've i'm d
pressed wiih wood-cus (at u very riii ng expeuse)
Explanatory.
To avoid imporiunies | have added inslruc-
tous for the manufacture OF cOru-sialk sugar, and
also oil aud caudlcs tiom lard. A. the session is
short, vii not the House to receive the
report. aud order 1t 10 I've printed, rs some matters
suggested NAV require correction? Should it
seem 100 late to present the report, would OBJ
serve thrt the law allows me the month of )anu-
nry 10 complete it, and the desire to enbody the
latest information from Europe aud the Canadas
will irus, appear satisfactory.
Respectfully yours,
HENRY l.. ELLSWORTH.
Hon. Robert Mcclellan Chairman of the Com
mi,teo on Paren,s, House of Representatives.
We cannot find room here for more thun q
glance at some Of the facts embodied in this Re-
port. These are as follows:
Indian corn may he raised in the West at SO
per acre the cost of ploughing, planting, and til
ling with the cultivalor-and then turned into
pork by allowing the hogs to gather 1.-THE corn
thus costing ha II little over cents per hushe
(ears) Hogs in tbs way may be bronghl without
feeding TO weigh 300 lbs, at which size after TAX
ing off The Two hams, they may he tried up by the
new sleaning process, aud made to yield an aver
age Of 60 per cent. OF lard. BY this process hog.
"a
hundred, instead of 81 so, which is the average
now realized for them. A new article of lard o.
The purest white very hard, and unaffected by tn,
heat OF the climate, ls produced by II recently dis
covered process, AT an extra cost ofony half cen
per pound Hogs may he easily kept through The
winter 10y sowing fields of rye, aud allowing then
TO run on them. Thus pork may he produced il
unlimited quantity ut cost OF s per hundred.
Lard oil is now manufactured in vast quautlie.
nj the West, and lie business Is rapidly extending
1t is superior TO olive sperm oil for machinery
for the monuacr IRE of woolenS, SC, and can b,
furnished AT halt the price. Upon chemical anal
yss, it is found to he scarcely different in its elc
menis from sperm.
An increase of only one cent per b. on the pro
duct OF the pork made in the United States woult
amount TO 100000 per annutn, and more thai
this muy easily he effected. II The skins of hog
were taken off on killing, the cost would be n
greater than now, the pork would taste better, ant
VIC ENNIS Nouii uS Wpllil many nlIiOUS OI uOl
lars. The brstles, too, generally wasted, n
they should not be- The foreign market tor pDit
lard and oil is Just openingan! is almost boundes:
The qunpiry produced may easily he doubled
and lis producveness greatly increased.
new mode OF building cottages. or ordnar
dwellings, has lately been adopted. The materiu
is formed by removing The soil, digging up tn
common clay, (Which is almost universal, especial
y at the West,) mixing it with wafer aud straw
and treatling IL INTO mortar by oxen from hi
bricks made of 8 by II Ivy Q nches. or - To-
Z by inches, in plank mould, aud struck with
piece ofiron hoop. These brick are dried upol
the ground, in 10 or 10 days While the foundation
OF The building Is preparing, and prairie wood sill
or (Which is hetter) course OF slate laid, on whc
The dried but unburnt brick are put up, n foot II
thickness; The windows and doors being put il
MS II proceeds division walls, brick wide, or
inches roof Of shingles or lhalch, projecting
foot or two each way. The walls then plas
, tered Win good lime mortar, aud n second linn
with The same, pebble dashed the inside wnhOu
da>lilng aud The house is built. This house
very cheap is warm in winter aud cool in sum
nIer, and affords no retreat for vermin. It's wall
4 are not damp, unhurnt brick absorbing no water
which the burnt, being porous, will do Such
house may lie safely carried up iva or three so
f ries, is almost fre-prooi, and nearly rs cheap ms
log cabin, lin places more so,) aud will last
, century, ii the foundation he well laid.
, A new Wheat has been nuo'uced from IN
. Mediterranean, which is impregnuhle to the as
saulls Of the liessiun lily aud the rust.
A new mode ui Fencing has been adopted
3 trench is run with tt plough, aud posts set la il
, heavy lurrow Is then turned UP 10 them with
{ plnw and scraper,making ridge OF some Two feet
above which three light rails nre inserted into ia
posts each having its end sharpened ANGULAR
from one side TO The oiher-oi raihe: they ctl
I anguarly, and when inserted in tho post exact
a ft to each other Just filling the hole in III
0 post, and joinled tlla, one can hardly lie re
| moved without tearing up The post This fenc
. Gun he pu. up with Unprecedented rspiiiiy, mn
{ requires hut nine rails of half the weight 10 fort,
on the old Virginia plan. This improvement
, OF great value everywhere, hut especially on lh
. Western praires.
, The exI experiments of The last year have fully es
: tablisled The pracIcably and profit OF maxim
n Sugar from The stalks of the maze or Indian corn