New-York daily tribune., 1843-12-26

mission III Oregon, from which we make the o!
lowing extracts: rSt Louis Republican
am stAioncd at the Willamette Falls. This
is rather romantic spot, yet many things con
spre TO render 1t rather pleasant than otherwise
Its advantages for water power are very llttle, II
any, exceeded by those OF Rochester. There are
at this place now cooper's shop, two small
stores established this season, by two Americans
named Briggs. One IS to be permanent If CIR
cumstances willjustlr. 1t is established by Mr..
Cushing, of Newburyport, Mass. understand
he takes deep interest in the affairs OF Oregon
We have two mission buildings.
A saw mill is raised, and Touring mill is III
contemplation by milling company, formed n
the country for the purpose OF Improvement
The HUDSON Bay Company have TWO houses for
their convenience SO that we have quite a vii
lagc.
What of the climate, water, SOIL timber-in
word. advantages and disadvantages OF Oregon,
and what encouragement. does the country hold
out to emigrants The climate is mild, the sum
lners generally fine, though in the middle Of the
day rather warm. The lights cool, and very
little rain in summer. This summer, however,
we have been favored with some ram; it has
been difficult to secure the harvest; not much,
here; crops are very good.
There will probably be fifty or more thousand
bushels of produce in the country this year.
Last year the Hudson Bay Company shipped,
probably 10000 bushels for the Russian domn-
ions and other places, at sixty cents per busheI.
The winters are generally rainy, though there is
some pleasant weather, sometimes little snow.
Cattle, however, keep fat all winter, without fod-
dering. This is destined to be one OF the best
grazing countries in the world. There are now
large herds Of cattle here, and more annually
being driven from California. Beef and pork are
becoming abundant. Beef 5 to cents per
pound pork to 10 cents, wheat 90 cents to 81
peas about the same; corn is scarce, 81 to 81 so
per bushel. Garden vegetables are also raised
Horses are numerous. know of no country
where there arc so many cattle and horses for the
population IN Oregon. Some Indians are said
to own $50 head of horses.
This summer there have been six or seven
droves by my house to the settlement, to ex-
change for cattle. These are mostly from the
upper country. These Indians will soon be rich
in cattle, &c. There are domestic animals, such
as have alread mentioned, and cats, dogs, and
hens; tame geese, or very few, though there
are thousands wild; also the swan, bald and gray
eagle, vulture, buzzard, the crow Of different
kinds fsh-hawk, hen-hawk, pigeonhawk, owl,
black bird, robin, wren, and various kinds Of
other BIRDS some of which [ have never seen in
the States. We have the elk, deer, bear, pan
ther, fox, raccoon wild cat, wolf, squirrels of diff
ierent kinds, rats, (bushy taiD mice, moes bea-
yer, otter, muskrat, mink, weasel, snakes rattle
snakes in some places, adder, lizards, and creep
ing and flying locusts of various kinds aud
coors. Water is abundant and good.
The streams are generally clear as crystal;
some, which rise in the mountains of perpetual
SHOW, arc cold all summer There are several
snow mountains in view from almost every point,
and greatly, in my opinion add to the beauty and
grandeur of the country. The soil is generally
good some dark loan mixed with clay, some
sandy, gravelly, rcd soil; all productive very
well so far as they have been tried. Wheat is
sowed here from year to year. One man,
it is said, has raised seven eight crops of wheat
in succession from the same ground, and the last
is said to have been the best, and all were good
1t is frequently the case, that when wheat shells
considerably in harvesting, what falls is left on
the ground and the next season good crop is re-
allied. / know Of no country where man can
make farm easier than in Oregon, or where he
can live easier.
Mills are rather scarce, though the prospect is
increasingly favorable. There are no regularly
laid out roads; and the general mode Of travelling
is on horseback, or by canoes. The prospect OF
commercial intercourse with the Sandwich Isl
ands and China is good The Sandwich Islands
are destined to be to the western world, what the
West Indies are to the United States We obtain
sugar and molasses from these nearly, or quite
as cheap as they can be afforded in the States
1t is only about sixty days sail to China, and fiji.
teen or twenty to the Islands.
b.o
rial The stronger tribes make war on the
weaker, take prisoners, and enslave them. These
are frequently taken to other parts of the country
and sold to other tribes. Such has been the case
this week. A large party of the Clamoth tribe.
fierce and warlike, from the South, came in with
about twenty slaves and sold most or all Of them
Some, was informed, were sold for three horses
each, some cheaper Slaves are not considered
flIicum, that is, people, but as dogs. They do
the principal part Of the work and drudgery, and
when they die are cast out among the bushes
without burial, and are generally devoured by
wild beasts Hence human bones are scattered
far and wide, and are numerous in some parts OF
the country. Slaves are generally as well or bet
ter clad than their masters, and as to food fare
equally well; but the epithetellta-slave-isf fixed
upon them, never or seldom to be removed In
some instances they obtain their freedom Many
of the settlers, both French and American, buy
and sell slaves. By these most Of the work Of
the former is done. VIII not some government
notice this Are not the laws of the Union
strict on the subject of ensaving Indians
PRoGREss OF CIvILlzArIoN.-We Yesterday,
for the first time, had an application from one Of
the Penobscot tribe Of Indians to become SUBJ
scrlbcr to our paper, and we are happy 10 state
that he had not advanced SO far in modern re-
tlnement as to become patron without paying.
He paid in advance, and in this respect might be