The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1842-04-24

OOne, II hitcT waiting y TcabOnaOlo time, 10 khOW
the fnal. issue of the now pending treaty, the Con-
gress of this State, either al its regular session
in Sept. next, or by an extra session convened for
that purpose, should subsequent circumstance
connected Herewith, or any hostile movements OF
Mexico towards this State require it-declare its
abs olute and unqualified Independence from Mex
leo. This step cannot be avoided BY this State,
unless it would retract the ground It has assumed,
for which there is sufficient moral worth and firm
ness in the leading men OF the Affairs OF this state,
not to be guilty of such imbeoility. The precise
period when this is to be effected, cannot be well
%foretold, and the events at Mexico Will chiefly re-
gulate the time, and precipitate IL to this dernier
recourse. as this State, although constantly ON the
qui rice, and making the most active preparation
for a most vigorous resistance against Mexican OPP
preston, is peaceably disposed, and it is more to
her interest to keep their people uaefully engaged
in their corn and cotton fields, and their workshops,
than in the fields of battle.
The State has has no regular troops, and all mill
tary services are performed by the local militia
men In rotation, except in the sea ports, where
there is a very small number Of permanent militia
In case ofneed the State can place 10000 men in
the field, although perhaps not more than ono III
Of it armed with warlike weapons, and instructed
in military tactics. The state has purchased up
wards OF 700 fire arms for the use Of the militia,
besides artillery, and swords and pistols, and Go
vernment is doing all in its power to arm,.equip,
and discipline the militia OF the state. Active
measures to that effect arc going on in every Sec
ton Of the country. The navy consists Of two
briggs and two schooners The brig Wisconsin,
lately from your city, mas Drought some armament
and munitions, and other hollow ware for the use
Of the navy at Campsachy, and l doubt not that
when Mexico is ready to invade this country, it will
be equally ready to repel it; more so with The
tanned upon the coast Of Yueatan, en- obserpacion
as regards the movements Of Mexico. Texas and
Yucatan combined sre strong enough at any
time to force Mexico to recognize their respective
Independence, bat it appears. that both countries
are consulting their own interest (upon a small
scale) In pursuing their peaceful pursuits Of life,
and not to subject the inhabitants TO the horrors Of
war, SO long as Mexico lets them remain in peace,
and does not modest them. The plan Is, so far, q
good sne,a by the internal commetions of Mexico,
that.country is not able to send any forces to in
wade them, and thus hey are prospecting by the i'm.
potency and imbecility of their enemy; whereas,
by immediate resolute coercive measures on he
part of Texas and Yucatan, Mexico would be for
self preservation sake, compelled to recognize their
independence, and thus confidence being establish
ed by the final issue of the fate Of each of those
~scionslof Mexico, those respective countries would
rapidly prosper by the emf grafton Of capitalists,
whs would at once dcvelope the natural resources
oftheir soil, and other lucrative enterprises.
The Peninsula of Yucatan 10 situated, as you
will find it on the map Of the world, between the
10 and 2lt degrees north latitude and 80 to 81 deg.
long. w. OF Greenwich, or Whereabouts, aad com.
prises about $4,000 square miles, and is principally
An elevated plain, intersected BY a chain of ridges
"a sour OF the COrdilleras) in the interior from E.
to w. Merida is the capital. Campeachy, Luguna,
Con the Island of Carmen) Sisal, and Bacalier are
ports Of entry tor foreign and domestic commerce.
Its imports are dry goods, groceries, liquors, hard
china, glass and Liverpool wares. Also, " heat -four.
Exports-Logwood, hides, coffee, bags, tallow,
henequcn "a species of hemp, Of which Manila
cordage and bagging are manufactured, tobacco.
segars, sole leather. also, ~sextract of iogwood,''
corn, rice, sugar, lard, soap, starch, honey, wax,
dressed ~dcersand calf skins, and several other ar
ticles are produced in sufficient quantities, not to
supply the wants at home, but also to export in
measured quantities to the markets of Mexico, at
present via Havana. The cotton raised in the
ceantry (of a superior sea island quality) is priu-
cipaily consumed in the steam cotton factory at
Valladolid; also for suRdry other articles of do
nestle manufactures of coarser qualities. Salt,
ut which there is q great abundance along the
whole coast of Yucatan is also destined for the
Mexican market, the sale of which, at present, is
very much paralysed.
The article of salt, with some others, such as
salt fish, soap, fish oil (made Of porpoises) coffee
bags, ropes, palmito hats, sc. were the principal
causes for the concluding Of the treaty with Mexi.
Mexican Union, as a great part of the population
OF this country is dependent upon the productions
and sale of those articles, which can afford for Yu-
ca!an a profitable sale only in the markets of Mexi.
co, rs it cannot compete with similar production
of other countries, in the markets Of the West In
dies or the United States, and the importation
thereof into Mexican ports from foreign coun-
prohibited. Yucatan has large bodies Of va
cant lands, and some very valuable on account
Of their fertility, capable Of producing coffee, sugar,
indigo, cotton, and all other tropical productions,
also en account Of their valuable timber for naval
architecture, and dye stuffs. There are but few
navigable rivers, and those only for short distances
from the sea coast, but several fine lakes and bays,
such as the Laguna de Terminus, the Bay Of As.
cention, and the Bay of Espiritu Santo, in the vi.
cinity of which navigable waters, the lands abound
in log wood, cedar, mahogany, ebony, teakcwood,
and other woods. All the coast lands, and the is
ton, coffee and sugar. Also Henequen, which is a
very profitable article for export, even in its raw
state, and il manufa ctured into cordage and cables
at home, which could be done at a comparatively
small expense, perhaps less than in the United
States, inasmuch as labor is very cheap in Yucca.
tan, it would yield to the enterprising undertaken
a very fair profit for the investment of his capital
In the necessary machinery. The mandatory Of
the Extract Of the logwood" is also a very lucra-
tive trade. There is a factory Of this kind at the
town OF Hunuema, about five leagues from this city
on the way to Sisal, which has realized to its own
er a great fortune. There are many means by
which capital could be employed advantageously
in this country, and no doubt will be done, so soon
as the final issue of The fate Of this country 10 set.
tied, or better TO say so soon as Yucatan is finally
emansipated from the Mexican thraldom.
I'M at this present mement 10 very dnll
there are several reasons for it, but the most i'm
mediate and important ones, are the change in the
tariff effected since lS40, by which the high duties
imposed by the Mexican tariff were abolished and
more moderate ones substituted; as this change,
was supposed to last but for q short time, for il was
generally supposed that Yucatan would, at the first
intimation, again return to the Mexican DONNA.
ton, and every thing again reinstated 40 alb initio,
the spectators who wished to improve the opper
tunity Of the existence ofthe low tariff system, have
overlooked the market with imports of foreign
fabrics, which will be sufficient to supply the coun-
try at least for another year. The next cause
is, that the Port Of Bscalar, on the Eastern Coast,
and near the Belize in the British Honduras, has
been declared a port of entry for foreign traie, by
which channel, il is said, chow true l cannot vouch
for) that there is a great deal Of clandestine impor-
tations of British fabrics, which are depressing the
price Of goods imported else where, and has pros.
trated the commerce in!he interior OF this country,
so far as British goods are concerned. In groce
ries and wines, also in silks, and German and other
linens, and all such other articles of French and
Spanish growth and manufacturing, a. are imported
via. Havana, there is a fair trade. For particulars
l refer you TO the adjoining Merida Price Current
CT the 18th inst.
The AFRICAN TRADE-CIvnIrY or THE Bal.
r~IsH.-Capt. Frye, ofthe Tigris, arrived at Salem