Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1842-03-31


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Nor is this principle illustrated by the manufacture
oliron alone. Other articles which have enjoyed pro
lection have also fallen in price. The same II cotton
shectngs which, in 1916 s5d at ls Sd serlinr coullbe
bought in 1882 5ri H. sterling per yard Printed goods
costing in 1916, Sos per peeo could be bought in 1892
ior from lss 10 23s per piece. Common blue and white
calico costing in lSl6 32s per piece, could be had in
$50 for l2s or los per poee Broadeolhs costing in
ISL, Dos. could he had In ls32 for Is lod These
facts all taken from Official documents aud their
correctness IA youchcd tor by the naues OF David Hen
shaw. of Boston. and james \ Barker, Of Phlnlephia
collectors of those ports, and MI Secretary Mcl.ane
And while am on TINS subject have fact more,
tar the special consideration Of my friend from South
Cafoina. who has uttered such dolcal lamentations
eyer the oppression Of the poor man. who was heavily
taxed by the manufacturers con every nail he drove
INTO his cabin In 1916 cut mails selling at whole
sale for ! cents per pound. duty OF } cents per
pound WIS imposed ny the tariff of that year and the
very next year they went down to- cents per pound
III" 'ay Subsequently, raised to cents per pound
and the PRICE Of nails has been reduced 10 Y Il, g. and
believe 10 4 cents per pound that is Ices than the
protecting duty. This * the hardshpof the poor man.
whose cabin nails excite 20 much sympathy | am as
ked Nr. Speaker by geneman near me. whether the
nails which sold in lsl6taf II cents not wrought
nails. aud the nails Which have since been sold for the
low prices mentioned, were not cut nails. | viii an
the goneman they all cut nails and nails Of
the same knd--all ipcnny nails--and this on the M
thrtty of Mr.. David llenshaw. lie places wrought
nails and cut nails in separate columns. Wrought nails
have not been manufactured 10 any considerable extent
III this country and hence the pfcc Of that article has
not been materially reduced.
But II may be said that these reductions in prices are
owing not to the protective tariff, hut to the great i'm
woyomcuts which have been introduced into machinery
have no disposition to deny that improy omenis IN ma
ehnery have DONE much to reduce prices But what
has caused this Improvement What has given rise 10
labor saving maehmcs2 The very competition which
protection has produced, has been the efficient producing
cause of these Improvements That inventive power
which has been eXercd IN perecng machinery. would
have sumbered for ages come, II has for agcs past
had not manufactures been prosecuted, and necessity
which Is the mother of invention demanded the employ
ment Of labor saving machines, II 10 protection that
we owe competition and TO competition that owe
those inventions which have aided in the reduction Of
prices SO at, after all, tins reduction liz mainly to be
ascrbed 10 protection, and 10 the industry which II slm
nlaies aud the genius which il eXcitcs.
regret that the whole subject has been treated if
II local question. and if New Enean WINS the
only portion ofthc Union which was Interested in the
subject This is not Massachusetts, question; no,
New England quosiiun.-'Ihe manufacturers of Mas
saehusctts could stand with less protection tlan most
others In some Of establishments large capital IA
invested, and rch capitalists are engaged. They can
Tide out almost any gac--they stand any ordinary
storm. In fact, such establishments these at Lowell
could perhaps do better with lower rate Of duty; be
cause, IN such event. the small competitors would fall
the amount Of manufactured goods would diminish, and
having the markei To themselves. they could conn and
higher Price Tor cIr coitnns. Pcnnsy vana and Nir
gina need protection more than Massachusetts, Look al
tcr iron aud coal there imported into the city Of 3e
tanaonc in 1871 i e9G SIS lushelsof ftepncoal to the
INJURY Of ha coal interest Oh those States And the sameis
iraeo all The middle States, where manufacturing Is car
redon Nay,al the grain growing States hssc interest
IN this question, as vital as Massachusetts herself In
deed II were 10 select State which above all Others
wBUII itfIb q ,er / bp
Virginia Nature has bocnmos ample in her gifts to the
Old Dominion. Her beautiful bay and her nlyIgahle
rivers admirably adapted commerce. Her low
lands produce the yellow con which great favor
lie OF the gentleman betue me- (Alr. Wlse) And while
her low lands furnish food or the support OF manuiaclu-
rers further up the country she has power ample
10 drive machinery sufficient 10 manufacture for cont
nent Her mountains stored with precious metals,
salt and iron IN abundance. Let her try manufactures.
and she would soon find that the interest Of her whole
people would be promoted, She would find That the
protective policy was abstraction, bu the rracti
cal thing in the world and her whole people would be IN
favor OF those discriminating duties which are directly
recon lcnded IN tho prcsldoul'. message.
Here, the hour having arrived, Mr. II gaye way ior
adjournment. On Tuesday, when the subject came
nptor confederation he resumed the subject, and concu
ded his speech
Mr.. Speaker: the kind indulgence extended to Inc by
tie House yesterday IN listening tony remarks admOn
lshes not 10 abuse that ndu oncc by irospassng
lnusl upon thor patience this morning When gave
way Tor an adjournment yesterday, had been endeayo
ing 10 show that protecting duties when udclpusy land
tended 10 reduce prices and generally produced that
ELECT This Is not invariably the case 1.-THE duty be
imposed upon articles which do not come in competition
,... -. our own industry this effect Will IN. nr"od
and when the duties imposed upon those articles the
manufacture Vi which requires large outlay and long
experience, the reduction will take place immediate
ly.
But, sir, shall probably be told that if an increased
duty tends 10 reduce prices, affords protection 10
the manufacturer This position is spocous than
sound Judclous tariff docs protect The manuIactn
rer, though al the time reduces prices. Dis
eliminating duties enable manufacturers to COM
pete with the foreign by securing them against the pol
Icy 70 which foreign manufacturers frequently have
course, Tor the sole purpose Of destroying infant
tablshmenSi am aware that difficult To present an
abstract principle clearly To the understanding ftho
House and the whole subject of practical cha
racter will illustrate this principle by taking familiar
An article, now free Of duty, is selling in our market
Tor 81 ~: tho elements which make up this price
these: cost IN foreign makct 81 cost Of importation 10
cents, Importers profits 10 cenls--making 81 90. At
this price the article be manufactured IN this country
Now, let one OF our citizens go into The manufacture
Of this article, and what would be the RESULT Why the
foreign manufacturer, who has heretofore enjoyed the
monopoly Of our market, and who enjoying large pro-
fits, will Immediately put the article at 80 cents TO the
American lmporterthls being the cost Of the article
lilo VIII willingly orego all profit for the time being for
the purpose OF crushing the infant establishments this
country; and the importer will give up one half Of his
profits, rather than lose this portion of his business.
This will reduce the price of the article 5 ccnts brn-
gng It down 10 81 Us. The American manufacturer
Immediately finds the article in the market at this redu