Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1842-02-23
TEMPERINU EDGE TOOLS.

steel, Without risk, Tor the various purpu.
ses 10 which this most important Of all me.
tails is adopted, is so little Understood even
by many Who wOrs IN IL, thai presume Il
short communication ou this subject would
be acceptable. IL niicu happens that tools,
GU which labor has been bestowed, are
spoiled III lempering. To The disappoiut-
meut Of the purchaser and to The ,liscredil
ui the maker. The following direclions.
winch by experience vii! be found 10 be
correct, are designed 10 remedy these in.
conveuieuces. Should you think 4 cor
roct knowledge OF ,hi. art of importance
10 the mechanical pan Of the community,
you will please TO give il "a place.
Admitting the tool l:as been properly
forged without burning or injurin: The
steel, in order for good temper. il slpuiI
be carriuliy heated in fire made with
wool or charcoal. ill il is uf rcd color.
aud th:n plunged into clepu cold walcr ;r
pcrpcndicuia: direction. II the temps.
is Il he that of Gn edse ronl. and steel mn t
lhGa be made bright, By grinding OF sc,"i.-
inc With coarse s!otle. and held ovc1 the
Ere until u is ofa dac? yellow or straw CO.
lo.. This IS The proper temper Of edge
loo's. Ike most ditiicu!, part of which, p.n.
ce,s. Is, nsire tic steel The least possible
degree Of even bea', TO give i, the greatest
possible degree Of hardness Gnd strength.
lf :he hea; l. continued beyond hi. exact
degree, the pores Of the steel will he 50
opened rs 10 render /: brittle with but II
small degree, by inaiteprion. or accident,
the evil will not br rcuicdirJ bv letting u
cool down 10 th's cnlor. before i, 10 cooled
in the water; IN this case IL will be ueccs-
sary 30 hammer The TO i over again, Ia or
der to settle the pnres of the steel together.
The greatest care should therefor be taken
in hardening tool, uot 10 hcol it too hoi.
Us It's goodness depends more on the CIR
cuinstance than is aPprehcnhed. Care
should also bc inken that i, does not re.
glain iu the Il e nfler il has acquired pro-
-aer heat; as even without u greater de-
sFse a leiii,is,. The FIRE will soon coat Il over
with thick scalr, which will prevent the
water !rom cooling it so quickly. as IS ne
ccssary TO rcn!er II +larG is possible.
Mlmv s.nali tools. such "a punches,
hrnach.s, &c., lo. clock and watch max !.
ers, may be tempered by the simple pro-
cess ul hcnlin, a. above directed, nd cnol.
ins Ihrm IN hot wafer. d litln below boil
inc heat -'rti, temper gives small tools
srca, strength and pr"per degree of hnr!.
ness. Very sma! drills are hest heated in
II candle. wilha blow pine. ani cooled in
raiipw Their temper Is ,nh,. taken dowu
lhr same a, IN r,isr rui. Tno!> Tor turn
iis ron ind steel. rcrriy. - much :rra cr
degree "iiilrincss by Lciu: c0n!cd IN 'i,ich-
silver Instead of wafer. rhI- method ui
harlcnin. must he valuable 10 clock Nh
watch makers. ss well as To many other
m"rhanics, who want loJ!s ~ hard i. p,,s
,lbl-.
The temper of u spring. ahcr i, is care.
fully harlrnct. i, uhlaIucd by holding II
0.rr The fire with ialuw IIli IL hlaZcs aud
burns of; thu burning OF The lal!ow should
be continued lur minnie or two on those
springs which lrnn their use are lnble to
break. Small springs. aud other article,
To be tempered sprln. temper, urc more
,empered in Il ,hecl-irOn pan,
or case with ralIuw. hcd over the fire until
il hlaZe,, when it is 10 be taken OF aud
carefully shaken while the tallow coutin-
ues burning.
Saws and many other common tools
which require file to sharpen them, PIN
ions aud arDors in clocks aud watches, sur
gems instruments except those designed
Tor cutting, bayoncts, sword blades. gun
sticks aud various other articles are OF this
temper.
Iron may he hardened by the process of
what Is called casn.hardenIng. Thi; Is
performed by mclosins tie ir"u in an air
iiSht casc, with charcoal dust and salt, aud
healIug the sainc red iIG, Tor unc or iHo
hours. ani cuu!ing IL III clean cold " aicr.
Inc hammers ami hauy other paris of
gun locks are aricucd ~ tins manner. II
the process is property managed, iron aud
steel may be- hdrirucd wlnnuI even alIct-
Ias the sEiuo'h ,uriure vi the Instruments
The advantage ol winch Is sufficient TO III
Juce the greatest attention IN giving II the
exact degree ui heat.