Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1842-09-13

agreed on by the commissioners oil tue TWO Hose'n-
men,s under the Sixth Article Of the Treaty oil Ohen''
D., he,wern this last mentioned point, and the Lake
r M, Woods the commissioners aclng under INC
seventh Article of that Treaty found several matters
o disagreement, and therefore, made no JOINT report
n tbe,r respective Governments The tfst OF .hese
was Sugar Island, ST. Georges Island, lying ~ D.
u.r,,s River or the water communication between
hiss Huron and Superior. by the present treaty,
his island is embraced in the territories oil the Cneo
states Both from soil and position, II is regaroed as
Of much value. or &c 81
;nsrs arrived North of Isle Royale, IN Lake Supe'
o.. 90 tho Lake of the Woods. The British comns'
;rer insisted on proceeding TO the Fond du Lac, NJ
rho Southwest angle of The lake, and thence by Tue
River ST Louis 10 the Rainy Lake. The American
;.s;oner supposed the true course to be TO proceed
NAV NJ the Dog River. Attempts were made to
oomn,omse this difference but without success ne
a,as ot these proceedings are found at ength III Tue
nrn,ed separate reports OF the commissioners.
F,nn lhe mperlcc, knowledge Of this remote coun'
y al the date of The Treaty OF peace, some oil tne
dscr;n,nns in that Treaty do not harmonise win us
n,,,,aI features us now ascer;aned. "Long Lake
- nowbere 10 be found under that name ihee -
,oason for surprising, however, that the sheet OF wa
Tor intended by that name, is the estuary at the mouth
of PIGEON RIVER The present Treaty adopts, there
fore, that estuary and river, ana Afterwards pu'Sus'
Tho nsna route across the height Of land by The va
r;ons Mortgages and small lakes, till the line reaches
p.;nv Lake; from which the Commissioners agreed
nm the extension of il to It's termination IN The North.
vest angle of the Lake of the Woods The region oi
country on and the shore OF the Lake, between
Pigeon River on the North, and Fond du Lac and the
p,y,r ST Louis on the South and West, conside rcd
valuable as u mineral region, IS thus included whhin
the L. s. Ii embraces territory oil tour mlilions OF
acres Norlhward Of the claim set up by the BRUSH
Commissioners under the Treaty oil Ghent FROM 'ne
height or land at the head Of Pigeon River Westerly
Rom Links Ie understood
little value being described BY surveyors aud marked
on The map as a region o! rock and water
From the Northwest angie Of the Lake of the
Woods which is found TO be in latitude 10 deg 20 min.
-, sec North existing treaties require The line 10 De
run due South its intersection with the Actin paraei,
and thence along that parallel TO the Rocky Mountains
After sundry informal communications with the Br'-
fish Minister upon the subject OF the CLAIMS OF the TWO
countries 10 territory West of the Rocky Mountains
40 little probability found to exist of coming to
any agreement on that subject present. that It was
not thought expedent TO make it one OF the subjects
Of formal negotiation to be entered upon between thus
Government and the British Minister as part oil his
duties under his speciai mission
By the Treaty OF 1888, the line ofdivision along Inc
rivers and lakes from the place where the 4oih parallel
of North latitude strikes the ST Lawrence to the outlet
of Lake Superior invariably TO be drawn through he
middle Of such waters, aud not through the mdde OF
their main channels Such line, II extended accord
pr to the literal terms of the Treaty, wond, It IS OBJ
which the commissioners oftle two Governments dealt
with this subject, may be seen in Their reports But
where the line thus following the middle oil The river,
or water course, did not meet with islands, yet II was
liable sometimes TO leave the only practicable navigabe
channel altogether on one side. The Treaty made no
provision for the oil The waters by the cli'
2ens and subjects of both countries
II has happened, therefore, in few instances, mat
the use Of the river, in particular places, would be
greatly diminished to party or The other IL IN ac
there not choice IN the use OF channes ana pas
,ares THUS at the Long Sault, in the st. LAWRENCE,
DANGEROUS passare, practicable only for boats, the
only safe run is between the Long Sauit ISLANDS ana
Barnhard,'s island, all which belong TO the United
States on one side and the American shore on The other
On the other hand BY far the best passage Tor vessels OF
nny depth of water from Lake E1le into the Detroit
River, is between Bos Blanc British Island, and the
shore So again there are several channels or
passages of different degrees of facility and usefulness,
between the several islands in the River ST. Clar at or
near It's entry into the Lake OF that name In 'hese
three cases. the treaty that all the several cha
ncs and passa ges shall be free and open TO tie use OF
tie citizens and subjects Of both parties
The treaty obligations subsistng between the two
countries for the suppression OF the African slave trade
and The complaints made to this Government within
the last three four years many OF them but 100 well
founded of the visitation, seizure and deteDGn OF Anne
rican We sels on that coast hy British cruisers could
not but form delicate and highly important part OF the
negotiations which have now been held.
The early and prominent part which the Government
of the u S has taken for the abolition OF this unlaw
fol and lnhuman traffic is well known. by the tenth
article of the Treaty Of Client, it is declared that the
traffic in slaves is irreconciab!e with the principles OF
humanity and Justice, and that both his Majesty and
the L. States are DESTROYS of continuing their efforts
10 promote its entire abolition; and is thereby agreed
lha, beth the contracting parties shall use their best
endeavors 10 accomplish desirable an object The
Government of the u. States has, by law, declared
the African slave trade piracy; and at It's Suggestion
other nations have made similar enaclintnts IL has
not been wanting honest and Jealous efforts, made
in conformity with the wishes of the whole country
20 accomplish The entire abolition OF the traffic IN slaves
upo the African coast; but these efforts and those oil
other countries to the same end have proved to
considerable degree unsuccessful Treaties are known
TO been entered into some years ago between Eng
land and France, by which The former power, whicn
usually maintains large naval force on the African
station was authorised 10 seize and bring in for udud
cation vessels found engaged IN the slave trade under
the French flag.
Il is known, that in December last Treaty wa,
stoned in London by the representatives, OF England
France Russia, Prussia, and Austria, having Tor 1t:
pro(essed object strong and united effort OF the five
movers to pu, an end to the traffic. This Treaty was
not officially communicated 10 the Government of the
United States but lis provisions and shpulatons are
supposed to be accurately known to the public 1t Is
understood not yet ratified on the part OF France
No application or request has been made to this Go
49,
course it might take in regard 10 it, has excited ne
small degree of attention md discussion in Europe
as the principle upon which il is founded and the SIT
puations which it contains, have caused warm ami
madversions and great political excitement
In my message at The commence ment Of the presen
session of Congress, endeavored 10 state the prin
cples which tins Government supports respecting h'
right of search and the immunity of flags. DESTROYS
of maintaining those principles fully, at the same time
that existing obligations should lie fulfilled, l!av,
thought il most consistent, with the honor and dignity
of The country, that it should execute its own laws
aud pei form ITS obligations, by its own means ant
IT'S own power. The examination visitation Of The
merchant vessels OF one nation by the cruIzers Of
other, for any purpose, except those known and &c
knowlcdgcd by the law of nations, under whatever re
s,ants or regulations it may take place, may lead L
dangerous results 1t is far better by other means Il
supersede any supposed necessity, or any motive, fol
such examination ur visit. Interference with mer
chant vessel by armed cruzer, is always delicate
proceeding, apt touch the point of national honor