The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1842-06-25
BY THE SOUTHERN MAIL.
Washington.
Correspondents Of the Herald.l

Correspondence Of the Heraldl
WASHINGTON, Thursday-3 p NJ.
'roceedinSs I'm COmgress-The AppOrtiOn-
me"t Bili-Position Of the Presidential
Aspirants.
In the Senate this morning, Mr.. Conrad presented
twenty-five memorials from louisiana asking for a
duty on sugar, and Mr. Tappan presented one in fa-
vor of free trade Several bills were INTRODUCED,
and among them one by Mr.. Evans to define the fiss
cal year. resolution respecting the order Of bust
ness was debated an hour and upwards, and then
laid on the table. The Dancing Rabbit Creek treaty
bill then up and the little tarbill is to follow
The latter, by the way, is rendered unnecessary by
the precaution of the President The Secrea
ry OF the Treasury, under the direction of the
Executive, has issued circular to the several
Collectors of the Customs, directing them as
to the mode of levying and collecting duties,
in accordance with the laws Of 1923 and 30 So
the negligence and factiousness of Congress will
not throw open the ports for influx of goods free
of duty. The vigilance of the Executive has guard
ed against the emergency which this "little b
was professedy framed to prevent, but which has
been hanging IN the Senate a week, because the
wings could not agree upon the best mode Of head
ing Capt. Tyler"
The House have been busy with the Navy appro-
prlatlon bill, 1t came from the Senate amended
all the morning.
In yesterdays letter. the history of the apporon-
ment bill was brought up 10 the point where we
were ready TO depict the attitude and interest OF the
several parties in It's operation.
Mr. Clay and his friends believe that they have
nothing TO fear, if the democracy run any other
dldate than Mr.. Tyler or Mr. Van Buren,, and hence
the Clay men are industrious and anxious to secure
the nomination OF that party to either Mr.. Calhoun
or Mr.. Buchanan, both OF whom they know to be
partially sectionay popular, and unable to obtain
the nomination without the secret aid of the wings,
and which, therefore, they ready to accord,
at no small cost to themselves under a conviction
that it would be made up hundred fold in the con-
test
Mr. Calhoun and his friends fancy that with Mr..
Tyler and Mr.. Van Buren, out of the way, he is sure
Of the nomination, and then certain 10 defeat Mr..
Clay. Mr.. Calhoun Is one OF those strange men OF
genius who great distance, but only in one d.
rection, who knows much and thinks deeply, but
IS always on one side OF question subject while
of the other he is usually ignorant or profoundly
unconscious. His mind is wonder, and if he
could do whole work as well as half work he would
be the greatest man OF his age. But by that nhe-
rent deect-perhaps wisely ordered, that he should
not be too powerfu-he is never consummate,
however great-nor conclusive, however pro-
found nor clear, however logical. He sees eve
ry thing through a theory, and nothing beyond
his theory: He belongs. TO that class which the
French call men of one idea; and he is the greatest
OF his class. These traits named, because they
explain his political character and history-hs pub
lie life and parzan tactics-his past and present
course. Thus he will adopt, and argue an absurd-
ty as ardently and ably as any axiom; and in poll
tics, the most fororn position which attracts and
fixes his attention will be pursued with all his en-
ergy and power, seemingly regardless of the insur
mountable obstacles to It's attainment OF its utter
worhlessness when won. He is brilliant and un-
equaed as brlgader but unfit to marshal the for
ces OF the field Hence, much as he has done ii has
all been done imperfectly His political principles
OF the same sort not general, universal and
Catholic, but particular, sectional and peculiar
lie does not see man as man, but man of this
country, and not OF this whole country either but
OF his own particular regon-as master and
slave, and this is his theory OF human society En-.
crossed with this conception he knows nothing be-
yondit-but in connexIon with and in subordna.
ton to it. and in his philosophy, the rights of man
are the rights OF master and slave, and the whole
duty OF man the mere duty Of master and a slave.
Brilliant and potent have been his efforts, they
have originated, operated, and ended in the one
idea OF bending this country and the world so as to
perfect and perpetuae the peculiar institutions Of
has his being: Ii is the sun OF his system, and he
worships ii with more than pagan idoalry Thus
his influence at the south rests the blind bgotry
OF those whom custom has rendered converts to
eternal slavery and accordingly as strong and sub.
tie the avarice and Incidence which supports its
conclusions against all the convictions of the mind,
the principles OF the country and the spirit of the
age. He relies therefore, the south and It's
tional preudices to sustain him. And hence, what
ever increases the power OF the south a sectional
power, IN Congress, IN nominating conventions
as his force to contend with against any opponent
or competitor, whether it shall be Mr.. Tyler, who
occupiesa central position, or Mr.. Van Buren, from
the North.
Mr.. Buchanan, and his friends reckon, that if Mr.
Tyler and Mr.. Van Buren, are put aside, he can OBJ
tain the nomination over Mr.. Calhoun for however
blind to the strength of Mr. Buchanan, they see
plainly enough that ii will never answer TO run Mr.
Calhoun, and they therefore very willing TO back
him up against both Mr.. Tyler and Mr.. Van Buren,
assured that fthey are removed, the chance of Mr.
Buchanan is greatly improved.
Thus stood these fierce competitors for public
favor-and now to state how their combination
worked together, TO make the apportionment bill.
The Senate has 81 members. The proposed House
was to have BOG; but the House which the Senate
make is to have but 223 being 10 less that the pre-
sent number In the present House the free States
have ~ maorty-in one of 306 they would hav,
from 60 TO 20, but in the Senate made House they
will have but about 30 II is easier TO break down a
majority of 30 than Co. But in the nominating con
ventons and electoral college the House and Senate
both included, and this of course gives the ~
Senate larger influence on 223 than on 306 In
fact, and for all practical purposes, small House
takes away at least one quarter of its power from
the North and gives ii 10 the South. This Senate
made apportonment has robbed the North of at least
one quarter of its practical influence in the Union
from the free States who voted for it have thus
Welded and surrendered the rights of their constitu-
ents and violated their trusts.
The partizans of Messrs. Clay, Calhoun, and
buchanan. win 4 lew honorable exceptions, have
done this deed of robbery and wrong The policy
and purpose of the manpuvre cannot be mistaken
II is open move their part against the nominal
ton OF Mr. Tyler or Van Buren,, and against the re
seption of Mr.. Tyler into the democratic party, on
any terms, principles or conditions. That it was
deep and crafty game all will admit but cunning
always overreaches itself, and the intelligence and
integrity OF the democracy of the Union WILL in less
than two years, blow the project and its authors to
the winds
bait lmOrc.