Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1842-09-27

one case rs well as the other: Some say, however,
that this kind of tax, # oppressive, is voluntary ano
he avoided hy mol um'hs me a'ec'e' hi' a.
nmon, ,n;h ma ye some force where only luxuries are
tnx,dh ut !, cannot te tolerated moment where al
mos, every import is taxed highly, which custom and
render necessary, even to The mdong aud lower
indispensable food and clothing, no less IMAM
comforts and ornamrnls-what is used in infancy,
m,hoo6 and darc-n.eded at births, marriages,
MI almost vital to all classes as arr hre,
and water To argue that II is voluntary to Keep or
elnons the OF such articles IS 10 call voluntary
To surrender your purse 10 'he "'sh"a man VIZ" -"
alternative is your lie. . ,,,
How uopld The manufacturers, if now taxed highly,
and without any protection, be pleased with similar,
though ulster re,or, that II was voluntary IN 'ne''
either 10 benin 10 continue Inc manufacturing
branches Of business, II moi Pfoh'aoie' "ni' NUM-
these high duties burdensone here to the masses
;s ,b,, bev fail on both food and clohng-whIe, IN
ENGLAND for instance, hers fall only on the former
the latter being cheap, and lightly taxed
Aosp: no, only cot,ons and wooIlens pny there
low rate Of duty, but IRON Ana me great commitment
of all food for most OF Tue a"'na, ea''oH ''u e
cessary OF all classes, there and
rronosed TO be taxed here 50 per cent IS IN that coun-
trv ,enroached by niany rdden stall ree-nobly
free l., the col,agcras well as The peer.
To preach, also as some do that natona! incepend'
enc oures Us to prescribe everything foreign, 10
advoca,e return 10 the condition Of savages, and push
hack civlzalon 10 state something than that OF
tho do,k oaes While abominate as much as any ono
FOREIGN fo!lies and Injuries, and foreign political de
il IS certain that necessaries and comforts,
whether obtained al home or abroad are sun
and comio,s-and The dependence of different nations
on each other for what EACH by climate, skill, or Gus.
TOM can produce cheapest, is source oi peccn'nry
ran to all and quite human.zng as IS the socia oe'
pendence of all men in civilized society on ench other
for many mutual aids and oen becomes 'ne strongest
pledge OF continued peace
Hut some in discussing these questions, assert that
this view of them hostile 10 any protection whatever
10 manufactures, and they ask If none 10 be grantee
On The contrary, contend that comedies much pro-
iec,on-q quite great as our fathers looked 10 uiei
The Revolution and during The first quarter century OF
N. present Government IT recognizes first, the Incl
deuta, projections hch agriculture and commerce mas,
IN common with manufactures, N an ocean oil one 10
three thousand miles, rolling between us and most OF
the places where foreign articles are produced Next,
to all manufactures in the INTERIOR there is iuriheI
BY the additional expense risk, &c Of car
ryinp ,hher any Of the foreign articles similar ohes
mad. on the spot when heavy, like lead, iron shii aho
hemp, viii often command the whole interior market,
without the aid Of any duty whatever isca or project
we On the foreign article.
P,, besides these Two important projections, there
il the natural protection TO many articles resulting
from climate and soil This is quite enough 10 make
The flourish without any other. Such are the grane,
Inv ce and potatoes of the Norih-he wheat, lnoiah
corn pork md tobacco of Tie Middle States, or me
Wes,-ard the cotton Of the South These need no
mid from duties any than does hemp or TIMBER IN
Russia coal and iron in Eng land, sllks and wines IN
France gold and silver, and the cochnea IN mexico,
druos in Turkey or tea in China. II We consult VA
ture as should, any peculiar advantages IN skiii'
machinery or capital we shall find that those pursuits
will prove most profitable in all nations, which these
circumstances indicate TO be congen'al- and II we at
tempt 10 force what not most congenai 10 our GU
mate soil habits, and means the pursuit VIII oi,eh
proye .hrii,ess with the aid oil hieh protective
duties The growth will thus often be an unnatural
T., y. I'D c,sf1v syStcm
soYhical and ridiculous that described by S"il IN
Lapu,a Of extracting sunbcams Tor heat ircm cucum'
bers.
But where country like his, with large capital,
and literal revenue in public lands, requires also some
moderate addition OF income from taxes-ann lhey
are from convenience, imposed on imports-a iurlher
protection often follows, incidentally, 10 agriculture
and commerce, well as to manufactures. N"bndy
regrets such protection when an incident, anu VINE"
poyinr equally favorable each of those great phr
snits some what in the ratio Of the numbers and capnal
employed in each. That, alone, is the protection oy
The General Government, with its Limited powers
which Jefferson and Madison could egItinately COM
menG-and never the unnatural and unjust pTosecl'oh
of only ore branch Of industry, TO the neglect or eS
pense Of other branches Such protection, too, becomes
constitutional not as an object Of ta1aticn-no snch
cbisc, being named in any of the grants oil power.om
as mere accidental consequence oil tcxa'ion' Eafiy
as the adoption CT the Constitution, Hamilton sad
that she encouragement Of agriculture and mahulac
lures belonged IL The domestic police VI tie o'sS
no "a, Fed One Of the incidents of war was 10
We fuvof=and Tie Tor the time, protection pr
81, and for them, alone, was demanded-ano, from
time 10 time increase, till the whole system was
broken down by lis excuses in 1858 The doctrine ana
practice which have prevailed since till now have oeen
gradual return a system cf duties moi exceeding ~
per cent? ard yielding The protection which would
flow from that rate, and the other great advantages re-
su,ng often from position and climate There may
stand now, and present, against any excuses the
firm from. of priacrle established presidents, ana So
cred compromises.
Indeed, Mr. Clay himself declared, as lale as June,
ls40 that duty of 90 per cent for revenue, aided by
cash duties and home valuations would yield suif-
Gle nj protection 10 al kinds Of manufactures that
cugh, 10 be persisted in. That apparent change in
views by him was highly commendahe, and IS much IN
accordance with The change which has been going on
IN Enea nd since Mr. Ilush ssons exertons in 1923 and
which the ahes writers in political science have long
advoca,ed and which, at last, there have entered Inc
Workshop and taken ssion OF the halls oil rgsa-
ton In The late examinations before the committee On
oo,is several manufacturers SAID have disclan-
cd ell wish for protection above what would result
incidentally from distcnce and revenue standard oil
~ per cent and HE pies Of Saxony, well as
SuizeTlaid have demonstrated the truth OF this, by
wears of manufacturing prosperity entirely unprotected
IS spe cia Legislation nigh duties (See 18th page)
" HE lave been delberating here, in an address
20 ,he American Minister in Manchester itselt-a great
cotton workshop for the word-ths idea IS expressed
boldly, well as e!cGrently
"iie trust tina, the delusive idea Of protecting one
branch Of industry, by in1cling in uries upon other
branches, fast passing away; and that ere long, the
atundan. products Of your country, and The various
manufactures ii oars, Will be freely nerchanged that
commercial Transactions will become as uncontrolled
by fiscal restrictions the waves, which, whilst
lhey separate, unite the parent with the daugh-
ter country We feel convinced that the doom OF mo-
nopoly scaled in our land, that even the blindness
Of party b coming onlightened ard that oil the WISE
and coed will soon he brought 10 regret that single
hour should have been allowed TO pass without the
adoption fthe sound principles offrec trade
England, from her position, small territory, dense
population, aud vast mines, must chiefly export ma.
nuac,ures, and bring back agricultural products; while
we, from position, imme territory, and fer
Tile soil, ought chiefly 10 export agricultural products,
and bring home manufactures. We fitted for each
o;hers opposite wants, instead of running in parallel
lines aud partial protection be a, all excusable there
here, there Tor manufactures, rather than agri
culture; and here for agriculture rather than manu.
features