The daily Madisonian. [volume] (Washington City [i.e. Washington, D.C.]) 1841-1845, 1842-05-05
AFFGHANIsTAN.

has sent the following history of this country, which
exces considerable interest at this time
The Of these late transactions IS country OIL
some interest in history, and the following particulars
may not be fresh in the recollection OF your
or entirely uninteresting to them All the invaders
Of Hindostan, from the date OF the iaped on
of Bacchus and Sesostris down 10 Tue Periou VI Eur
ropean dominion there, have penetrated 10 the lndus
through the masses of the mountainous region lying
between that river and the bounds OF the old Persian
Empire. This region, now called Ahghanistan, has
been. from time immemorlal, peoped by number OF
hardy warlike tribes of the Circassian race whose
Language is evidently derived from the same roots
the Sancsrit and Zend. Alexander the Great and
after him Seleucus, in their march TO India, advanced
by the route of the river Cabool passing Jelleabad
where Sir Robert Sales detachment is now cooped
up and crossed the Indus at Attock, the present
great highway between Ailghanistan and the Pun
jasib. The former hero is said to have built Cam
dahar, which long existed Greek colony, and
now, with Ghuzni, ranks after Cabal, IN The short
list of afghan towns. Little is known of the cond
ton of these tribes from the decline of the kingdoms
of the Asatic Greeks, till the fall Of the Mahometan
power Of Chorasson left room fer Sebectag slave
of the last sovereign TO establish himself at Ghuzn
His son and successor, Mahomet the GhuznNede
about the year l000 extended his sway from the Gas
plan to the Indus and was sauted by the Callph
with the then new title Of Sultan. He was the first
Moslem conqueror who invaded India lie made
twelve expeditions the Indus, and after rillng
the Virgin Wealth Of the Hindoo cities, and reducing
nance returned to Ghuzni, with his accumulated
treasures His son, Massoud, was stripped of AN
ghanistan by the Seluk Turks, against whom he fell
in battle, A. ID. 1898. One hundred and twenty years
afterwards, under Mahomet of Ghore, the Atlghans
regained their power in these provinces but in l227
the Eruption Of the Satars of Zgs again drove them
beyond the Indus, and their Sultan Gellaeddln, was
chased into Kurdistan, where he lost his life. A
band of his followers entered the service OF the Sci
lux Turks Of Asia Minor, and grandson OF one OF its
oh. th.f n,,n r,ft ba MI Tt,rl.
ish dynasty.
The Afghan rulers of Delhi still retained their
authority over the Mahommetan Rajas Of Northern
Hindosan, and their power even survived the short
but terrible invasion of Tamerane whose myrlads OF
horsemen in 1891 spread devastation from the Indus
which they crossed at the Attock, to the Ganges,
,Beber, descendant Of Tamerlane, in 1906, made
himself master of Cabool, and in 1926 took Delhi,
subverted the old afghan dynasty, and established
the empire Of the Great Moguls. His successor, the
great Emperor Akbar, welded his mighty power in
prosperity but after his death, in 1910, the Uzbek
arars took possession Of Cabool and the Persians OF
Candahar, and in l707, at the death of Arungzebe,
the Empire rapidly declined The Ghilzle tribe OF
Affghans rose to great power In l720 they
took Ispahan, and for twenty years ruled from the
Indus TO the Tgns. About the same time, the Nah
rattas extended their power in the South the Silks
oyerrun Lahore and Delhi; the Rapoots asserted
their Independence, and the Rolhilla Aghans wressed
the northern provinces from the feeble Mogus
In 1889, Nadir Shah expelled the Ghilzes from
Persia traversed Afghanstan, and added another to
the long list ofrobber conquerors, invaders of Hin
dostan. In l747, Ahmed Shah an Afghan, revolt
ed from this authority, and founded at Cabooi the
present dynasty. On the death of Zemain Shah
about 1900. the brothers, Mahomet and Soojah, con.
tested the throne, and repeatedly expelled one ano
Their from the country. Soojah was finally compelled
TO take refuge in India and throw himself into the
hands of the British authorities there In 1878, Run
jut Singh, the old Lion Of the Punjaub" ruler o
the Sikhs and the robber ally of the Honorable Eas
India Company, took advantage of the discussions in
Afghanistan, and added Peshamer, the Eastern Key
to that kingdom to his owl dominion Of Lahore. In
1896, Mahomet was dethroned, and fed to Herot
About this time, the apprehensons OF England fol
the safety OF her Indian empire became excited by the
successes of Russia in the neighborhood of Afghan.
istan. But, instead Of compelling Runjut Singh tic
restore Peshamer to Dost Mahomet, who then occu-
pied the throne of Caboo and who urged his claim
for restitution upon the only power who could efec
tuay accomplish his just wishes, the East India gov
eminent preferred to allow their ally to retain his
conquess. The opportunity of making friends of the
tribes who held the highway to India from the west
was not long lost, for Dost Mahomet, wearied with
unavailing applications of the British, attempted by
other to regain the territory he had lost, anc
negotiated with Persia and fnUf' i9enefa6f FL
da, then stepped forward to the assistance of Runju
Singh, and, taking up the old deposed and despiset
Shah Soojah sent him back to Afghanstan, with
large force of European troops Sepoys, and Sikhs
In 1899, General Keane at the head of part of this
army, took Ghuzni, and in few months Dost Maho
met was made prisoner and sent to India, and the
kingdom was reduced under the subsection of the
British, and of their puppet, the Shah Soojah. Sir
Alexander Burns, and the other officers at Cabool
deemed their acquisition perfectly down the
moment of the assassination of the principal officers
and the breaking out of the rebellion though il
was apparent to some Of the English that the power.
full tribe of Ghilzies had combined and vowed ven
geance for the nexcusabe slaughter of the occupant.
of one of their forts by Lieut. Lynch's troop son
of Dost Mahomet now heads the AHghans and wal
Of many months is likely to ensue-for the British
not likely to set down quietly with the loss of
conquest which had cost them 9l6,000, 000-es-
pecialy their dominion in India is so mainly de-
pendent on the pristige of continued success.
Troops are now embarkng for India, and all par
ties in parliament incline to join the ministry in their
efforts to wipe this stain (of defea from their escutch
con- The justice of their is now to them mat
ter of little moment
From the .Ne,o York Sun.