The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1842-02-20
z u ) 4 : T. K 1 L !,
Washington.


Rhode Island, took his seat ''''
After the presentations OF petitions and the recepl
ton Of reports from committees VA. lit ,i
Mr.. Clay presented petition from persons ensa-
ged in various branches of industry at Bedford,
Pennsylvania, attributng ell the distress and EN-.
bansssments Of the country to the compromise act,
and praying Tor such rev sion Of the tariff as would
give protection to home industry. The petition was
accompanied with request that ne would accom-
pany its presentation with some remarks. But for
this request. he would not say word that would
anticipate the discussion which may arise when the
sub;ect of the Tariff shall come up in another way
He would. however, make gle remark-that it
was entirely a mistake 10 attribute the embarrass
ments of the country to the compromise act. II
was the arrangement and tampering with the cur.
reucy, the excitements which led to excess of inter,
nal improvements, the Indebtedness Of the States
abroad, and its effect upon importations, that had
occasioaed the distress and embarrassment of the
country. o"
Mr.. CALHOUN reviewed the statements made by
the Senator from Kentucky, relative the condition
ton Of things at the time South Carolina yielded to
the compromise act, and showed that it was well
understood then that twenty per cent would be
economical administration of the Government. II
was not only contemplated that gradual reduction
could be made to twenty per cent in ten years,
without injury to existing interests, but that an
economical administration of the Government,
would, at the end of that period, admit Of further
reduction, even under fifteen per cent. But now
TO attempt raising the duty past twenty per cent was
papable violation not alone Of the ITSELF but Of
the very principles which it was agreed to. Mt.
CALHOUN then, at some length, replied in detail TO
Mr.. Cars remarks z.
After the debate had continued for some time be-
ween Mr.. Clay and Mr.. Calhoun,
Mr. PREsroS expressed his sentiments on the sub.
ject Of the compromise act. They were, in sub
stance that he adhered to the principles of that act
and would not entertain the question of exceeding
twenty per cent until should be shown that after
restoring the proceeds Of the public lands 10 the
Treasury, from which they ought never to have been
taken under the existing financial condition of the
Government, the public service could not be carried
on without raising revenue beyond that standard.
He considered the compromise act as ralying
point, and that good faith required necessity should
be shown for increased duties before the standard Of
the compromise should be passed. If, however. il
should appear that the public service, uader wish
and prudent administration, could not get along
without an increase of the tariff, he would 20 to any
extent absolutely necessary.
The petition was then referred to the Committee
on Manufactures.
The Senate then went into the consideration of
private business, and at three O'Clock adjourned
The very able report presented in the House yes
terday, by Mr. CUSHING, has been the topic of con-
vsrsation in all the political circles to-day. The pro.
liabilities Of the passage of the Board Of Exchequer
have been freely canvassed and the general concu-
sion seems be, that fiscal agent viii be establish
ed at the present session There can be no beneficial
legislation long as the present organization Of
parties is maintained, and the people permit their re-
representatives. to sacrifice every thing to the game of
Presidentmaking, The measure Of the administra-
ton for settling the currency question, will be de-
fsated, because neither Of the two parties in Con-
gress has any thing to gain by its passage large
portion Of the democrats in the House of Repre-.
sentatves If left to act independently, would sup.
port the bill but the inlueace of the leaders and
the force of party discipline. will consfran them,o
60 againstit, almost to man. as,
The same remark may be applied in part 10 the
wings. Threefourihs Of the wings in the House
would vote for the bill. bat the determination of the
leaders is to defeati and the honest, patriotic, and
unambitious men Of the parry, have not firmness
enough to break through the trammels of party Pos
siby, however,the voice Of the people may come up
in tones sufficiently powerful ard distinct to change
the result here foreshadowed but the present pros
pect is. that no action will take place during this
session Of Congress. '3-tr 81
HOUSE Of Representativcs-The Cemmlttee
ON Foreign Relations-The Navy-Propos-
ed creation OF Admlrals, vicc-AdmiraIs
aad Rear-Admirals-The Marine Corp
Retrenchment and Reform
The vacancies in the Committee of foreign Re-
latious of the House Of Representatives have once
more been supplied by the appointment of Mr.. Ste.
wart of Va, Mr.. Mehwether. and Mr.. Caruthers.
and 1t is probable that these gentlemen will consent
to serve with Mr.. ExPfesident Adams as their
chief Ia
bin was this morning introduced by Mr..
}. c. CLARK, from the Committee on Naval
Affairs, which was entitled. GA Bill 10 establish
additional ranks in the Navy of the United States,
and for other purposes" The additional ranks which
it proposes are those Of Admiral, Vice Admiral and
Rear Admiral The bill was read twice, and on the
question of reference, Mr.. Lott Warren said the CO.
vernment had not dollar wherewith to nav its
debts and therefore, Directing to the creation Of new
sources Of expenditure, he moved to lay the bill on
the table, Subsequently he was induced TO with
draw his motion, and the bill was referred TO the
Committee Of the Whole, on the state of the Union.
A bill mas also been reported from the same Commit
tee. to augment the marine corps The bill, which
was introduced BY Mr. Fessenaen, proposes that the
President OF the United States shall be authorized
to cause the marine corps ia the service Of the United
States to be augmented by the appointment ard n
lstnent OF one Brgadier General, one Colonel, one
Lieutenant Colonel, ten Captains, fifteen First
Lieutenants, fifteen Second Lieu<nants, sixty Ser
gean's, sixiy Corporas, thirty drummers, thirty
hfers, and one thousand privates.
The b \, which was likewise referred to The Com
initee Of the Whole, fixes the term of enlistment in
the marine corps at five years, and it authorizes the
resident to Organize the corps into regiments bat
taons. comp anies er deiachments as the nature Of
the service NAV reslIire The course nf I'm