Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1842-03-22

- create This cxcnse for .anscenang 'lr twenty PEI
,o,, h,, Of the Compromise act To r'rad the rec u'
al ,bes efforts in Justification oi vo!at'n me express
provisions at that ac., WAS an Outrage upon al!
Af,.- q ,sy more remarks on thlt SUBJECT, M N"'
noun proceeded In r.vsew N oeth" "i H'' 10y -
innate; IN snpppt Of his scale oil revenue ana eSfPha
,,.o F,o,n ,hr twenty SIX millions assumed 10 nf
necessary to meet the wants Of the GoTrrhmeh'' Nv
fNr Calhoun would, j" 'he first place. can upon '"'
s.ua;,r 1, dadgc, the t@o mi'cns tor an a"o''o''"'
co,,;neen, gand Take from the remaining t"en'y'
for millions the land flnd-say three and man h''i'
the Senator'S estimate is reGdced 10 twenty
and halt millions. Instead of the c&tTavagaht per
ccnlace FOR collecting The revenue when lie cA'fu''s'
tak, hgra million for collection, and the nett sun u
hr,unht down - twenty millions lie averages IN. ''a'
n, one hnndred and nineteen millions and dedacis
ia, instead Of seven millions for interest on TIE iofei9n
dent and or the free last eighteen millions instead "'
ah, nd !irn these corrections ar" mace, wv
r, AVERAGE Of onr hundred and nineteen millions was
~ ,li;ous less than i ought 10 be- TIE nett amount Of
,or fr int,. woai ycid 4, twenty per cent al Least
,,,en,vnn nd three fourth millions of rerenue. When al!
,h,s can h.. done without raising the arf, Why does the
Senator prefer thirty per cent and expenditures TO re-
cur, IT, il lie object is not To transcend The NAM o'
the compronise act by violation OF ITS principles
Wbv i The Senator in this pred'camen!: Because he
=; w., orran of those interests which have their ex-
,s.pcc IN the protective system; the bank system,
and every other system that looks 10 Government
for rs natural prey He is in contradictory posi-
lion between these interests and the obligations 81 the
Conoromsc act, ANA gross inconsistency IL the con.
sequence 4, is in vain he seeks TO exirlcalc himself
hv those resolutions, and at the time show any
adherence to the principles of the Compromise act
The nd yaloren principle IL the only one he Goes
adhere to- II viii not do to turn round on the irenos
of ,Lc COMPROMISE act, and ask, what has free trade
done for them: They have mol had Tree tEade-tiey
have only had gradual approximation to the pEin-
cipes of free trade But under the slow process
oS tia, approximation, the results Of the COMPROMISE
&C, had lar exceeded The NEST sangune expectations
of lis friends In proof of this, he referred to document
ary evidence, showing the decrease OF exports under
the h;h tariff system, and the rapid increase under the
sys.. OF redncton the adoption ct The Conpro-
mise act Such also, the result with regard even
10 exports Of domestic monniacinreS he gehPFa OK
norris under the diminishing tariff increased sSty-hVe
per cent. The exports Of domestic manufactures III
creased from fire to tec!es millions.
lie went into details oi the cotton manufactures al
Lowell and other places Massachusetts, and proved
that t!ey net only had rapidly increased IN quanhy'
hut in rate Of profit, uneer the operation OF the Com
promise act. lie entered INTO the statistics oil
The South showing the effects of The reduction ct the
tariff the exports o! It's principal staple articles,
cotton rice and tobacco The aggregate value OF cot
ION exported from 1885 TO 1884 was two hundred and
one millions of dollars; for the next seven years, from
1854 10 lSil four hundred and hrtyiive millions oi
dollars the excess al the latter period the former
of The years Of reduction of tariff the years of
hic protective tariff two hundred and thirty -four mil
llous-an increase OF Ia per cent The article OF rice
was not so easily calculated, much OF that article
was taken from the South laterly b. railroads, and
consequently there was an apparent falling eff OF
million, though in reality, perhaps, there was an IN
crease
Bat in tobacco The excess of the last seven years
over the former years, eighteen millions o!
10 increase ot IS per cent. The
cause of the Of exports was 10 be found in the
incased Importation OF foreign articles exchanged for
American products under the reduction ct duties Yet
now gentlemen calling for protective duties TO d.
tnnis this exchange medium, and consequently TO dl.
mn.sh exports.
After variety of details and astonishing array o.:
documentary proof in support "i al these premises Mr.
Calhoun asked, was not this conclusive If prosperity
induced by an approximation Ia free trade, and
although there were great embarrassment and distress
IN the country IL obvIous that such embarrassment
and distress in spite Of The good effects Of the Com
promise act, and not IN consequence Of II, the
mistaken politicians of the country contcnded. That
and distress had their origin in the
opposite prnciple-the high tariff protective system.
I, was the hugh tariff system Of lc., which had filled
the Treasury with surplus revenue that Subsequent
~ became the basis Of wide spread banking capital
and bank MISUNDERSTANDING mad intoxcation of
speculation. exravlgauce and rccklessness and ending
IN The inevitable consequenccsrapid conlractions, in.
,vdua and general bankruptcy, arrangement of bank
currency, rum and universal prcsration. In the
cords Of the effects 81 the tariff stem Of >2S would
be found the OF all the distress complained
o. and not in the effects Of the Compromise act, which,
IN truth had much mgated the distress. The South
had ganed increase by the exports OF he! staple
tices uader the Compromise act OF upwards of two
hundred and sixty millions OF dollars which was no
small provision against the effects of that crash which
at last came as the result of the system Of lo25. 1t
was the stimulating effects of the protective system
which had produced disease and nothing short of total
abstinence would effect 4 cure
Mr.. Calhoan next went into details showing the be-
nefcin effects produced in South Carolina by the opc.
ration OF the Compromise act.
After he had gone through all the proofs he thought
necessary to bring forward, Ie asked to be ex-
pected that this array Of lncon.rovertibe Gocu
mentay evidence would have any effect on those pre-
disposed To adopt these resolutions 10 the fullest ex
tent: No; he could no, expect that because other in.
iuenccs than proof of great truths prevailed. 1t
was the result of the gentemans position, that they
could not yield 10 reason. They stood controlled
by Influences Which drew their vitality from proving
on the Government. Nothing but false principles
could satisfy these in.lucnccs-hence their reliance
protection, banks, &c But free trade and the free
intercourse Of commerce with other nations, were
principles at TRUTH and every departure from those
principles a departure from unerring guides lie
would 20 more II large into the philosophy of these
principles on future occasion, should any bill be in
trod;ced N consequence Of The resolutions under dis
cussou. i. gentlemen would but abstain from dong
ha.u,-would keep their hands on-the country was
beginning hght-t would right i,self-i,s recu.
pera,ive energies were already doing much-and all
would be sccorrected, if mIschcyous legislation did
not in,erposc.
He recaptuated the heads Of his argument, and in
conclusion alluded 10 the threat held out that the South
would be driven to the protective system in seli-deence
in consequence Of the cultivation of cotton in india Tor
the supply Of the British market He pointed out the
iallacy Of that scheme, and read proof of It's failure
extract from late publication of undouhted anthem
tcity. On the contrary, he in the opening OF the
Chinese markets for the extension OF the
demand Of the British market for American cotton,
which always appreciated at three or four cents
pound more than the India cotton by the English ma
nuacturer.
IhurSday, March II.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,
After the Journal Of yesterday had been read,
Dir. GlLMER, from the Committee Retrcnch
ment, made rcpcr, the frankng privilege, and bill
regulate the mileage Of members Of Congress- which