The daily Madisonian. [volume] (Washington City [i.e. Washington, D.C.]) 1841-1845, 1842-03-12
EXTRACTS FROM FOREIGN PAPERS
THE ANTARI.l EXPEDITION
TIT ~ tn -" TT r'f7I
Erom Che Sudneq HeraId. .lMgMi ~.


yations, for which purpose temporary Observatory
was erected on Garden Island removed theI a'u'
on Wednesday last and proceeded 10 sea Tue 'olo"
Ing day. ,o,o
These vessels left England m September, 1889
they called nj ST Helena and the Cape OF Good Hope,
ami observ atores at those places, and then
proceeded TO Kerguelan's Land, from whence they
steered for the land discovered by the French and
American expeditions OF discovery the greater part
Of which they traced. But the season forbade fur
Their progress and enough had been done 10 prove the
theory Of Gauss, who placed the Magnetic pole in
that neighborhood, to be incorrect The vessels ar
rived in Hobart town IN August last, where they es-
tablished magnetic observatory, recommended
by the Royal Society, and sailed again in November
taking course to the northward, touching the
Auckland and Cambell Islands Land was discover
ed on the 10th January, in lat II 81 long II 10 and
line of coast stretching direct SOUTH run down as
far the 18th degree then taking an easery course
the expedition sighted tWv mountains, emlttlHg hte
and smoke and the borders of an immense Ice heid
were thereafter traced direct east for three hundred
miles Returning 10 their former position pe-
yond the volcanic mountains, they endeavorea u
penetrate westward the land tended IN that urec-
ton giving hopes of reaching the exact spot which
their observations indicated as the true poston o. inc
magnetic pole and which had been passed within one
hundred miles, when running down the newly-dseoV-
cred line Of coast but their progress was specify ar
rested in that direction by an immense barrier oil
ice.
The expedition then rstraced its steps northward
until arriving the first discovered land, with the
view of penetrating westward, and rounding the land
but the fields of ice INSTRUCTED their progress when dl
rected to the Southwark, and the vessels proceeded
in a northwesterly course with the view oil making
the nearest land marked by the Americans IN then
charts but which they could not find, although they
re-crossed the ground for that purpose After keep
ing in the for some days, the expedition
seered for Hobart town, arriving at that port on te
7th April IA
The voyage Of the Erebus and Terror has hitherto
been emnently successful although the exact Spot
Indicated a. the magnetic pole was mol attained, It's
nostion was satisfactorily determined, and the re-
putation and honor Of England has been iully sus-
tanned in the antartic regions, our countrymeh having
the merit of penetrating II degrees further south than
the French or Americans
Capt Ross is again proceeding to the south pole
After touching at New Zealand and Chatham Islands,
the expedition will take the same course again. and 1t
is expected that the ensuing winter Wall be spent with
in the antarc circle unless the objects OF the route
attained and they are enabled to reach me AK
land Isles before the winter sets in but TINS Is more
than Capt Ross himself expects to accomplish, Inc
pans OF the expedition are not completed until the
southern pole has been circumnavigated IL Is there-
fore intended proceed again to the southwark from
the Falkland Isles, and to reach the Cape OF GOOD
Hone before the winter of lS434 ending the fourth
season that shall have been spent IN the antaftlc
zone. .
We are glad to learnthat the commodore and OH
GERS of this important and interesting expedition oil
discovery were nlStly STdtiicu tio P'oi
have met with in Sydney, in particular from his tx-
ceency the Governor, and from all amongst us who
take AN interest in its objects, and they would gladly
have their stay prolonged to accept all those at
tentions had their duties permitted It,
Capt Ross we understand has written to the Ad-
miralty advising the immediate placing trgate on
this station, required principally for NGH Zealand.
The necessity Tor additional naval force IN this
part of the world have frequently adyerted to- and
we think it cannot be longer delayed.
THE STEAM NAVIGATION OF G. BRITAIN
From the Journal des Debas
England is increasing in an extraordinary manner
her means of communicating with every part of the
world On March 20, lS40, contract was entered
into between the Government and the Royal Mail
Steam Navigation Company, by which the latter en-
gagged to organize a line of seampackets between
England and the Gulf of Mexico In less than 20
months from the signing of the contract the running
of these vessels has commenced.
The conditions imposed on the company were that
they should build Ia large steamers each OF 4O-horse
power, and capable of carrying the heavy artillery
now in use All these vessels were to be completely
found in every respect. From the time the company
should be prepared to commence the running of these
vessels they were to despatch at equal intervals,
twice in month, steamer which should first car
ry the mail to the island OF Barbados, and from
thence into the gulf of Mexico and the company were
bound to take measures for the landing and receiving
mails at all the different points at which they were to
touch in an interval of not exceeding - days except
in case of Academy from their arrival at Barbados to
their departure from SANTANA, in the Island OF fiayt
on their return TO Europe.
The Government, ITS part, engaged TO pay 10 the
company an annual sum of f2400 0J payable in equal
proportions, every quarter
Not 20 months have elapsed since the contract was
signed and already eight OF those stupendous vessels
ready for sea- have assembled at Southampton, which
IS TO be their point of departure These vessels are
said to be magnificent and in their trial to which
they have been submitted have shown their amazing
powers, none of them performing less than twelve
knots an hour, and one of them, the Clyde 10 The
remaining six vessels will be at Southampton by the
18th January One Of these fine vessels started last
week for her voyage and will be the first vessel that
has made the run between Europe and the Gull OF
Mexico by steam power alone. Others VIII follow
IN regular succession.
This activity does honour to the directors Of the
company but it not only to the continent OF Amer-
that the English direct their attention In the other
hemisphere they evince less efforts to unite their
Indian possessions with England by means of rapid
and regular communications The port of Bombay
has become one of the most important points of the
globe for steam navigation. Her steamers regularly
ply to the mouths of the Indus, the Persian Gulf, the
Red Sea, and SueZ, where they every month trans
port the correspondence from India China, and the
Indian Archipelago, carrying back IN exchange the
correspond nee of Europe with Asia The last cou-
er which by that route the bearer Ut no less
than 50 600 letters for Europe. This IS not all The
Presidencies of Calcutta and Madras would also have
their communication with the mother country, with
out being compelled to make use OF the Bombay line;
and have therefore, established separate line of
steamers, which, from Jan'ry, will run to Suez touch
ing at Ceylon Madras and Calcutta to take and car
nv passengers from and to those different ports.
-Four steamers, of 500-horse power each are already
ready for this service. In the meantime every exer-
ton is making at Bengal for the extension of steam
of the magnificent river Ganges in short
time the voyage from Calcutta to Benares, which cost
the unfortunate Jacquement so much labor and time
will be performed as easily as the voyage from Paris
TO IIavre.
Steam navigation will shortly establish regular
between the different points of the
magnificent empire which the genius Of England has
founded in the South Sea A steamer has already
running between Sydney Port Phillip,
and Van Diemans Land. Ii is announced that other