New-York tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1841-1842, 1842-04-16
Liberty.

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Liberty.
Man, up 10 the present time, has attained but &,
very small part Of the Liberty which ne Is capable
Of ENJOYING, and which is reserved to him in true
Social Order. The only branch Of Liberty which
he has possessed is Political Liberty, and J!is
branch has only boon fully or nationally realized
in the United States 1t cannot be said that Po-
=litical Liberty existed in Republic like Athens,
Tor example, where there were four hundred thou
sand Slave. and twenty thousand Frcemcn nor
docs cxis, in the Southern part Of our Country.
Liberty has not been introduced into other depart
mcnts Of Soc;ctv,-for instance, into Labor ar In
dustrv. From this most important branch OF
human affairs it is banishcd, and the majority Of
men who spend their days in it ure dependent
drudges,-oppressed by degrading bondage,
which is bu, poorly compensated by the right to
vote or the right Of not being thrown into prison
without n wri, of loJeo< corpus.
We explained in sur last article the degrees Of
Liberty which two Glasses in Society possess i
the Hired Luborer and the Class next above. the
Employer. Master Workman and the man of small
fortune. We will now continue the subject.
The Man of Wealth possesses the next higher
degree of Libcrty,-and it is the highest that the
present Organization of Society Gun secure TO any
of its members. He possesses the means of OBJ
tanning such an Education Society can give, OF
making personal influence, and of being raised TO
rank and distnc,ion he is freed from anxiety lor
the future aud can oaiay all the pleasures and hap
pincss which tho world affords. Hc possesses quite
u broad field of Liberty, which is shut out from the
Poor and Laborng Glasses.
The Poor Man is free, for example, to go to
Congress, to live in a fine house, TO visit the
Opera; there is no lew which debars him from
l.i.,g!ng with tie Polite, Rich and Refined in
their social relations but to enjoy tho Liberty
which is thus offered him, ne must possess Edu-
cation, Intellectual Cultivation, Refinement and
Wealth, all of which he has not; the consequence
is ,hut the Liberty which he possesSe. /. value
less,-a mere sham and tantalZa,ion. Association
will not only secure TO Mankind full and complete
Rights bit 1t sriN giee 10 euery Icing. @iho@t e.
ceplionyAemeans Of obtaining and enjoyin g them
Liberty consists, as we have explained in former
articles, in the full and complete Development Of
Beings. The Individual is free when his faculties
and talents are called out and perfected, when
his Sentiments, Attractions and Passions are flar-
moniously developed, cqulbra,ed and rightly d.
lected and he is all that Nature intended he should
be, and when Society offers him full scope for the
exercise Of his activity and the perfect expansion
of his nature.
This kind of Liberty leads direct TO Happiness;
real Liberty aud real Happiness go hand in hand,
and are inseparably connected Man is happy
when his faculties and talents are exercised, and
his feelings satisfied.
We may define Happiness as the exercise Of
Intellectual Powers which have been fully called
out and perfected, and the satisfaction Of senti-
ments and Passions which have been tremendously
developed. Liberty, aswe see from these rcmur,s,
is tho means of Obtaining Happiness and Happi-
ness is the great end of Life.
The full Liberty of which ", here speak, and
has no, possessed. No Class, not oven the most
wealthy and favored has enjoyed it.
To secure TO Man his complete and integral
Liberty, all hi, Rights must be secured to him,
and every Institution OF Society must be thoroughly
democratic in its nature lbcr,yis the noble fruit
which rightly organized SYSTEM of Society bears
is its end and AIM and true Liberty only re-
suit from perfect System of Dcmocracy,-and OF
such System the World at present ha. no idea.
Let examine some OF the conditions which
mus, be fulfilled. and the Rights which must be
guaranteed TO Mankind to put them in possession
CT the high order of Liberty whicli they are dcs-
tined to enjoy.
Isl. \ perscc, system OF Instruction must be de-
v.c, aud >,abl: .hcd which will give ALA complete
Practical and Scientific Educaion initiate them into
the occupations of Industry and into the Arts snd
Sccace., and dcveope fully their minds. The same
Schools and other mean, OF in,,ruc,ion,-or equal
chances of Education in every respect, must be
tended to oil children, so that every being may be
fully developed according to his nature. Tho pri-
mary lls,itu,ion, consequently, OF truly Deme-
cratic Social Order Is complete practch! ana
scientific system of Education rendered universal
Sucl. System can only cxi>, in large AID oputen'
Associations, where The Child will be surrounded on
every side by Art and Sciencc,-see all branches OF
Industry EXERCISED in the most refined and pleasing
Nh!llc!, uhc where I'll IacliltleS sue" u ''e1e''
Experiments, Collections, Lectures, &c. can be
combined.
Cd. Industry must be ennobled and rendered
honorable and attractive, so that all Glasses will
be induced voluntarily TO take part in It's occupa-
lions. The exercise OF Industry i, absolutely ne
ce.sary TO health, longevity and complete physical
deyelopemcn,-and without these, integral Lib
crv canno, exist, for one Of ITS conditions is the
possession of the above advantages
81 Tho Rinht nf prnnnrtv must be extended