Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1842-07-15
From our Washington Correspondent.
TuR nDEAT ATE

the debate to-day, was succeeded by MIR. Snyder of
Pennsylvania-u long headed, practical Democrat,
who took ground against the protective Tariff, and
gave the protectionists some home thrusts. he ex-
hibited a pair of knit stockings, which he had brought
from home, as the best specimen Of domestic manniac.
lures that could be ~praduced. The stockings were
handed through the Hall, and produced a considerable
sensation. Mr.. Snyder's position, IN opposition 10 a
protective Tariff, ano, especially, on the article IRON, IS
the more commanding and praiseworthy, on account
of the opinions entertained in q urge portion OF the
State, whence he comes.
Mr.. l.. w. HUBBARD, of Virginia followed, and stood
up in defence of the tobacco interest against the slabs
sought to be inflicted upon it by the imposition oil
retaliatory duties. His arguments were interspersed
with well .group ped statistics TO show the effect OF a sys-
tea Of retaliation. have not seen a copy of the print.
ed speech. eve have seen it, and shall publish II 'orth.
To see the Tariff men OF the North
50 slrenuously advocating retalatory duties for The al
legged benefit of our tobacco. growers, is one oil lhose
strange phenomena of which political life exhibits so
many. 1t IL but an insIdious appeal TO the agricultural
community, for the purpose of bringing them over to
their scheme of plumber and aggrandizement. They
would have the tobacco. growers unite in a system OF
g-rolling, which must enure to their own individual
benefit. The South wants no bounties for her products.
Strip other sections of the favors they receive from the
operation of an unequal and complicated revenue and
protective system, and she may proudly stand her
ground, and 30 about tie work vi recovering the mani.
fold advantages OF soil, climate and position which she
has lost.
Mr.. Cushing of Massachusetts next obtained the
lnor ana ran The gauntlet during his brief hour. MIR.
G.. is universally looked up 10 as the head and front
cf The defenders of MIR. Tyler's administration upon
the floor of The House Of Representatives, lie has
great GOODNESS, great tact, great fluency in debate. lie
IS nrvcr al q loss and CAN never be thrown off his track
BY he Interruptions md side talk, Ito use a stage ex-
pressicn,) which are so frequent whenever he speaks,
and which are invited b. his candor and willingness to
answer the queries that may be addressed to him. Ills
chief merit, however, consists in his remarkable power
of generalization aud analysis. He is always clear, not
to say forcible. Yet ne is often slow in arriving at the
point which he first sets out to establish-a circnIn.
stance necessarily incident upon the large field which
he almost invariably lays out for himself.
Mr.. Gushing argued in favor Of the protective Ia
riff, as was to have been expected Of one who represents
near 300 ,000 spinclcs and so many protective interests
MS are concentred in the great manufacturing town of
Lowell. The censua returns, which in The Yankee
States are said 10 be taken with remarkable accuracy,
show that the investments in manufacturing establish
Inen,s, in Mr. Cushing's district, amount to more than
the assessed value ofthe whole city of Richmond, Va,
by some 80. OG0, 900. The town Of Lowell alone, has
Is, ISL 300 invested in the manufacture of The two ar
ticles ofcollcn and wool. Such is the predominant in.
!crcst Of nne of The districts represented in Congress
by a moderate protective Tariff man. An analysis of
the products and pursuits Of other districts, represented
by men who are 10 solicitons that the Government
should have ~adt qua.e revenue, would show similar re.
suits, and give some idea of the basis on which the pa
tr;otism uf these !usty rtrrnue men IS founded.
II would seem reasonable TO expect, that the Repre-
sentative Of such 4 district rs that just mentioned
would advocate the highest rates Of duty and the most
immode rate protection. Such, however, is not the
case with MIR. Cushing. lie is in favo. Of a Limited
Tariff for protection, and this too with the acquiesccnce
of lis constituency. They are composed mostly Of
the large manufacturers, whose superior advantages OF
capital and improved machinery render them able TO
suhsist and flourish without the same degree of protec-
" L. n~. |
rating upon a smaller scale. A large importing house
in New York, with Il capital of half q million, and It's
current expenses but Little more than a house of one
zenith part of The capital, can a!lord TO sell goods at n
chs aper rate than a house in Richmond with n capital OF
nni: seventy five or one hundred thousand dollars. So
II is wi:h tie manufacturers. The smaller establish
menls require an enormous rate of protection to place
ihen upon any thing like a footing with the larger
luudcs: cry for high protection comes from the
thousand small mills which thicken upon the whole
territory Of some Of the New England States, both IN
and country. Under the encouragement given
by the Tariff OF 1893, these nuisances, as many vi them
be called, grew up in every neishborbocd. In
several very insignificant streams in the
States of Connecticut and Massachusetts, have seen
them s,fewed along their banks thicker than prudent
men would erect commo g.Ist mills at the South
that t,e Yankee needs is Il tolera5le head Of water
n few feet fall-whereupon, he Immediately raises
u mandatory, without regard tn It's locality, or to tho
supply and demand for the fabrics which he throws
the market. lie fixes his steadtast eye upon 'Ms
Fld.ynL G0oeTpmfn;,' and thence expects 10 receive,
in the shape of 4 protective Tariff, every boon winch
can make him happy and prosperous IN his business.
The CIV, then, for The most enormous tariffs must
necessarily come from small capitalists. II can never,
in the natural course Of thing, originate with the ope-
ra,:ye, except as defendant. IL would be the true inter
est of those employed in factories already established to
have no more new ones, since the competition produced
by n greater number would. inevitably force the masters
to reduce the wages of their hands as the only hope oil
sa ring ANY thing like n profit upon their investment.
THIS multiplication Of factories, is as certain 4 conse-
onence of an increased protective Tariff, as the lght
of morning is of the rising of the sun. The same Gre
5ul,ty, the same short sightedness and faulty, that
induced Een 10 enter into reckless specu!ations Of every
kind upon the facilities afforded by the expansions OF
500 banks, will be triumphant in the bosons OF the
manufacturers, when they have before them the open
lnr and the encouragement afforded BY an Increased
Tariff for protection. Give them the helping hand of
A Government system that acts in their favor. and you
cannot make them stand still. They will enlarge their
mills, will attach new machinery to every available
shaft, and they will gather increased numbers OF oper.
aliyes 10 their fold. They will explore the beautiful
banks Of the Connecticut, the rocks of the Passaic, and
Inc hill sides of every stream tina, meanders among the
valleys of the North, to fad sites whercon TO erect
ne factories. They will seduce more hewers OF The
and more tillers OF the soil, from their thrifty
ral.nrs, only to share with themselves 4 brief era OF
prosprrily, and then l;Eger in want upon low wages, or
none at all, until another prop from Congress eleva,es
lie ove.burdcned system once more. !! is not the
ope not the men and women who, with their
give purpose and ellie ct TO the revolutions Of the
Of thousands OF spind!es-who gain hy pro.
They are ba. fellow paFtHkers of its pros
porous foud which comes upon them, like a god
Sc md, and is of again ere they have fully known
them The bitter lot Of a trade without
a demand for it, and the avenues to other occupations
almost entirely barred TO their entrance. The system
can be Lu, brief in SUCCESS. If the profits of the ma.
nulacluring capitalists are made TO continue, it is only
annually decreasing his expenses as competition
around him becomes greater. THIS reduction OF ex'
penoes mas. necessarily be effected by cutting down
he wages Of the operative, of which many examples
are furnished in the his,ary of the manufacturing sys'
tenn of Eag'aad. The statistics OF Great Brian
has i n held up us i nation, whose policy is
wnr,hy of imitation by The American people, nation,
whose glory () is said to have sprung from the pro-
tectiye sysicm-will show u progressive decrease IN the
wages OF factory hands for years past, until that sPe-
cies Of her population has now approached near the
verge of s'arva,ion. They built up their factories WIN
The aid of a protective Tariff and the restrictive policy.
By the aid Of more restriction, they added opulcnce to