New-York tribune., 1842-04-02

several 1tct below the suGiacH-eiiioiS ditit"'.
rian remains. In the same manner the 'trcst
Dismal may spread Itself o:er#the sarr2uiidliS
country.
In specuiating upon the probable climate of tlc
c,,boniierous period it is believed that we have
only 10 imagine i different distribution OF the an,
over the surface OF the planet than ihat whichno
prevails to produce such a warm and humid c!l-
maze aS must have prevailed when these plants
aourishca which form coal I'iis the existence OF
nigh lands the pole which produces such greai
cold If these mountains We're 10 be transferred
to the topical regions, il would Immediately lower
the temperature Of allclimalcs OF the earth. Now
cyery one who has attended 10 the study Of rOcl.-
and fossils oroncc that the present PHYSICAL
geography Of the globe has no reference to IL az
cicD; condition. Sea. once occupied large ror-
;ion Of what are now continents. ard we also tint
evidences OF fnarf>e,i chang IN the Carhouiterou>
and other strata. Ia tho lines stone accompanying
The coal we End cGralS and shells strongly yzln.iica-
ting higher temrcra,u!c nt The sea, iiIe plants
shadow forth higher temperature IN the atInoS
rhcre.
have been favored with map illustrating
these points by Prof HALL. ono Of the State Geo
ogisls engaged in surveying this State, whose la
5o:S v i'll soon be made public And here i carr
not avoid saving that ! have, been over much of
the ground which they lilvc surveyed. and1t gives
me grca; loasurc 10 bear testimony 10 the acct
racvol their laborS. The great pains they huT,.
taken. and ih- science wiii Winch. ,l:ey have con-
cucted the survey. Ioo. forward 10 t,. appear
ance OF their wori:, embracing TIE results o their
iabors, as an era IN the odca0ccment II science: ::
and the patronage which has bee! afforded by the
different States o the Union 10 these surveys is
much greater, in proportion to the Popuiatlon,
l. -,.lgI.
the advancement Of geological science When we
remember, too, the complaints that may be heard
in different parts Of the State that the geulogists
have failed to discover any mineral wealth evcn
in an economical point Of yew. these scientific
searches arc Of high value, though their greatest
interest arises from the promotion OF the know
ledge of the structure of the globe
Blu; merely incstimaling the mischief they have
prevented, we sllai! sec an ample lerunciationtor
ali ,lc expense attending the .urvey lI;lyc# been
told that in this State alone more than q million
Of dollars have been expended Since tic Rcyo.ii-
tionaiy Is ar in bc'ing nr coat IN or!naioas were
IL Is impesSidle 10 fnd aag--belo,v The carbon
itcrous strata. ! should DOT, 10 be silre, have
yenlurcd /. gcnerali2e from Europe a type and
say that the rocks in The Of tie Garth occupy
the same relative position here, and that coal
would be found always in this country under the
same conditions as in Europe. But when os
twenty wears or more We find coal accompanied by
the same plants and that no valuable fuel has ever
been found under any other circumstances we
should be safe in saying hat none could be found
in tie older strata. If vel begin in the newer
beds we may come down To the coal, and find
enough coal to pay the expense OF boring for II.
But if we begin in the strata beneath the carbon
ferrous we should certainly never reach the coal
until we had bored through the whole Garth We
might find it at the aitt;podes but no.; before.
Thus complaints arc made against these seoo-
giss not only that they haze found no coal, butla
they have passed sentence Of sicriliiy upon the
State, for tAev say that through all time cosl
hall be found within It's borders. And when we
reflect on the enormous sums that have been vast
ed upon strata more ancient than the coal, in
searching for coal, we shall see the great saving
made in consequence Of this surrey; for whcn all
its mups and sections are published it will be seen
how impossible Il isto tnd coal in these more
ancient beds. This is a kind of advantage which
is never easily appreciated: because, 10 prevent
mischief is never 50 clear and palpaplc bene-
i to the multitude as to find mineral wealth. But
one of the greatest advantages which have resulted
rom these surveys in England, and it will be
unons ,c ercates, here. is tic prevention OF tins
rash and absurd speculation find coal in strata
below that in which those plants known to be cs-
>cntial to the formation ocoal arc found to exist:
and after examining the wlaolc ancient STRATA both
in The United States and in Eurorc, there has never
,een found single bed of coal where these plants
do not exist.