Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1842-07-15

Gaming nearer and nearer every year ~ nc S"
.oi,cy of shutting out the pfouuI's = o'"e 49,
H.. ey,or,s had in the years ne bad mentionto' g1ea''
.d MIR. L. also referred TO some interesting
Gg,.,s collected from the census tables, Us showing 'he
,rosp,r,,y of the manufacturing interest, compare
r.;,, o,brr interests of the country. ny THESE 'ao"s'
It appeared that the nupue, .. Pelsonn snsas.u =, ~
,,r;cnlture was over three mi!!ions-ana the an"nn' 0
- ntoIucts was S7I9, 453 ,4Tl-cqnai to S2i3 - 70
ssch n.rson. The number employed IN manufactures
vas 7yl .745-and their products, me un"a.l =" .
oor,er could not catch-was equal 10 S'oo ! a Genus "
a.ch nerson. Mr. l.. also showed, from the saHe u
a.. ~. ,monnr Of capital employed IN agriculture
and mn n ufactures and that the prohts were hsaiiy
,t,ce times as much in the latter rs IN tue io1me'.-
Notwithstanding these facts, gentlemen I" no srpp'f'eo
The manufacturing interests haa Tue '"'un'ss =. .o"
forward and ask that lie asrlcuiturists should oe taxed
rr ,beir benefit, on the pretence oil being protected
from foreion competition. Now, he would ask, no"
,ann ware l,.v 10 be protected from foreign coInpe-
tnIon ?
We have had (.aid Mr.. l. this burden on our shout
ders from 1916 TILL this time; and the manufacturers,
- l,o said in the commencement oil the system, that all
ibov wanted was protection for a short time, TO enable
them TO stand alone, were still ciamoroos f"r p1o.ecuoh'
and for the same reasons. When, then, was the sys'
lem to cease? 1t certainly was a burden 10 agriculture
that must be admitted by all; for, if manufactures
could not be brought in cheaper from foreign countries
,han ,bey could be produced here, Why impose protec-
live duties, Was this thing to last always was thefe
no period TO which they were TO look forward wheh
manufactures could Ue supported lliuu imPoeihe -
ditional burdens on the rest OF the community: NOW
they were as keen for protection as they were IN loio'
and more so; for they then came, cap in hand, ana Deg
ged as Il favor what they now demanded as a right
II was his deliberate conviction (Alr. l.. saId) that
biph duties never could increase The prosperity OF the
manufacturer. They began at the wrong ehu' IN.
sic nd Of asking for protection to increase the prices OF
their products, they should produce cheaper; and TINS
was the only way to become more prosperous: lhey
could not, by legislation, change the laws OF trade
which were Of Divine origin. They could not Tx fac-
titious prices, and keep them up higher than IN The
markets of the world; because the snugsler would IN
,eruose and become the indicator OF free trade. lie
had been informed, from the best authority, that the
price Of smuggllng now IN New York was 81 per cent
on the foreign value; and that there were persons there
who would contract to deliver goods at this rate, winch
covered also freight and insurance. II appeared TO HIM
Thai. if he had WISHED TO frame a bill for the encourage
ment of smuggling, this, Of all others, would answer the
ppruose best. Foreign goods would be struggled in on
The Northeastern frontier, while the lawiultrade OIL lhe
Atlantic seaboard would be greatly diminished. New
York would sink, and Buffalo would rise on IFS ruins
He commended that there must be a proper %reciproci
" between the seller and the buyer, in order to produce
a healthy state of trade. The LIE OF business was
competition. The whole was a game OF competition.
Unl,s SIS we sought the markets OF The world Tor ou'
productions, we could claim no advantage over The
| sayaee. What were the benefits ct civilization, except
that by the aid of machinery 1t enables the Ihhapitaiiss
TO have clothing or other conyeniences "hich TIE Sd
ware could no,' Were our manufacturers 10 be satis.
fled with the home market IL they went beyond the
home market, duties would do no good. But gentle
men had said that we had not the same advantage OF
capi,ai and labor as England, and therefore we needed
thu aid Of a Protective Tariff. He (MF. ~ contended
that If England could manufacture SO much cheap
then we were engaged in the business at q losing rate,
and the sooner we abandoned II the better. But we
had, in many respects, superior advantages TO i'ngiand
cheaper house rent, water power, provisions, ana ne
was about 10 say, cheaper government; oa' he almost
doubted Whittier taxes paid III England exceeded those
contributed by our united Federal, State, ana couhty
Governments.
In answer TO the argument that re should impose
retulialory duties, he should sny that The un'versa!''
" of retaliation would destroy lis effect. Let the
ron manufacturer have protection alone, and you
make him rich. But give the same protection TO
all other manufacturers and you destroy the oeneht
of any particular one. 1t was like one gentleman
rising TO address The Chair: he was certain he had
the floor. But let q dozen rise at once II wouid take
away the advantage of any separate man.
Air. l.. took 4 vitw OF the state ofthings in England,
and the disadvantage under which the laborer there
had to live. Let those burdens be tukcn oiI-the tax
on his bread and meat-and the manufacturers mere
gould not begin To contend with those III that country.
They could barely do IL now. lie referred TO The TACT
that Sir Robert Peel had lately proposed a reduction OF
the duties in England. Thus, whilst that country was
unbiuding lis letters we were putting on more.
He argued that another result of increased duties at
this time would be an cx pansion Of our currency. 1t
would raise the price OF foreign goods which could not
be sold here as pow. The effect would be that specie
would ZONE here in return for our exports, and the mo-
ney level in this country would be raised. Production
would be increased, and the country become sppareht-
lv pr0socrous, whilst it was in fact IN no better condl'
ton than before the increased duties were imposed.
Mr.. lott obtained the floor, and addressed the
committee at length, chiefly in opposition 10 The Legality
Of the course pursued by the Executive, in issuing cir.
culars 10 the collectors II the customs, and III favor ct
an impeachment Of the President. He commended that
the Executive had no right To prescribe the mode III
which duties should be collected. II was illegal; aud,
if acquiesced in, the Pfesiden, might o:der a duty oil
~ per cent. 10. day, and . per cent. to morrow. inns
he re nurGed as a griegous state Of things, for which
there was no remedy but impeachment or revolution
lie solemnly believed that If the power OF the House
to N peacli was moi, TesCrted 10, IN less than SIX months
Pennsylvania avenue would CLEAN with 10000 bayo-
nets. Al the proper time lie should make ! move
mcrt on the subject OF impeachment; and, in doing SO,
he discluimed acting by the counsel of the Wing party.
lie stood on his own responsibility, and claimed the
merit of having been frs! to raise The flag of impeaci'
mrnt III tins country.
lie spoke for some time in abuse of the President,
and in Remuneration of those who had charged Tie
members of the House with a desire 10 elicit a conflict
between Congress end the Executive. lie referred Ia
the action oil the President on the Apporti"nment bill
and denounced IT as unconstitutional and disorsan'zing
He had. lie SAID, been charged with being 4 conspira'
: Tor. and the prime mover in all the schemes to ci:cum
vent the Executive. As lie understood the term, he
WAS a conspira,or-one Of the most active and violent
!, in Tie House-against the doings Of such a man as was
now seated in Tie Executive Chair.
y MIR. c. J. I~NGERSOLL spoke his hour, IN The
y course of which he delivered en- able and ingenious
speecn in ia vor Of moderate and necessary protecticI
lie commenced with an historical synopsis of various
O stages Of this country, commencing with the perio'
preceding lis independence, when trade was free, 60
- yernment cheap, and when there were no direct taxes
. From that he proceeded TO notice the subs quent s'nees
amongst which he enumerated The adoption Of The Re
! dercl Constitution, the several wars in which the coun
; try was involved, the various tariffs which have beel
adopted, Notification, Compromise, and all the cir
:, cunistanccs and conditions Of The people, with whic|
those eve is have been attendant.
lie went ;hrouga an enumeration ofvarious articles 9
. American manufacture, and in some luminous remarks
4 r,capitulatrd the articles of personal utility whic
lie used Of American produce; and he gave The com
,e mit:ee three postnlstes: first, that they could not 1t me
would, and he trusted they would not IL they coE't
rs dispense with projections; Tor national protection VA
next question was, What was projections: As a mod,