davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Bloomington herald. [volume] (Bloomington, I. T. [Iowa]) 1840-1849, 1842-02-18

SOliiG VI Jul !GduClSs oiC many PS9Souo
in our country who have yet to learn that
Rhode Island has never had Constitution
established by the people, but that the latter,
up to this hour, have lived under royal char
ter springlng from..the grace of a king:-Globe.
Correspondence of the Augusta, (Me) Age.
RHODE ISLAND, Jan. s, 1s4l.
Mr.. EDITOR: Within the last year revo-
luticn has been commenced and finished in
this state worthy of an American people,
You are aware that this State never had Con-
siitu,iou-that the charter granted by Charles
ii to Roger Williams ct ais, is sill alive, al
though in very crippled aud deformed shape.
SO far as its practical operation is concerned.
This charter is very similar to an act of incor-
pora,ion of a landed company, and gives the
incorporates the power Of admitting free Of
the company" ,ohen they please. This power
is vested in the different towns; but the Gem
eral Assembly, (Which one of its members
once said was g omnipotent,'') has seen fit at
different times to prescribe the conditions on
which citizen may be made free newer,
however, losing sight Of the landed qnai6ca-
ton and primogenturc. The result of this is.
that the State is governed by about one third
of its citizens and the apportionment OF rep
resentatives is SO unequal that one ninth OF the
citizens Of the State govern all the rest.
But all this stale of things could not long
be endured. Petitions Cor the redress Of this
grievance were repeatedly laid before the Gen.
eral Assembly, and were as often laid under
the table-sometimes without reading. But
the crisis approached when forbearance was
no longer virtue. The movement was COM
menced about a year since, by few enterprl-
sing, independent spirits, and its rapid sue
cess exceeded the expectations of its most san.
gnine friends. After several parades and
mass conventions, and numerous meetings. a
convention of delegates was called to frame
and lay before the people, for their adoption,
a constitution. This has been done, and the
constitution has been adopted by an overwhelm-
ing majority, including in the number, ma
lority Of the freemen, as they are called, or
present voters.
The constitution is similar to that Of Maine.
in its general provisions, with the addition of
some capital restrictions, which are original;
for instance, the legislature cannot contract a
debt against the state Of more than $4,000,
without vote of the people.
The new Government under the constltu-
ton will 60 into operation in May next, and
then the present British Government must die
for want of breath.
This revolution has been accomplished in
opposition to, and independent Of, the exist
ing Government. It's emphatically the work
of the people. They rose in their might. and
said, I'VE WILL BE FRzE!" And they have
triumphed. The peoples constitution will De
proclaimed as the supreme law OF the state'
on Thursday, 18th inst. at IL o'clock, A. M
and then YOU may imagine that you hear the
report Of cannon and the shouts OF thousands
Of American freemen. who have been freed
from bondage. Yours truly
Bloomington herald. [volume] (Bloomington, I. T. [Iowa]) 1840-1849, 1842-02-18
EPIrAPH.

EPITAPH.
Here lies tn auld Coon as cauld as Clay,
VIVA thot to rule the land 'per Sc!
Death cam ma to him i a QUARREL,
But whiggy cider barrcll!
"a SAWNEY.
Edinburgh, Dec. list lS4l.
Bloomington herald. [volume] (Bloomington, I. T. [Iowa]) 1840-1849, 1842-02-18
WANTED

i FEW Jobs in the line Of Tailoring, tor which
a cash or any kind Of country produce such as
family may want, will be taken. All work w; ;..s
cd and patronage respectfully solicited shop imn''
diately opposite the post Office. -.
n. B. Fashions regularly received, ana cu'uns
done on the shortest notice.
Bloomington, Nov. ~, le4ls
Bloomington herald. [volume] (Bloomington, I. T. [Iowa]) 1840-1849, 1842-02-18
.0TTE,NTIOV:

.aTTE.NT1OV.
UnORK. Flour, Butter and Wood will be taken 70
navment Of debts due this Office, for which the
highest market price will be allowed. Those VINO
have agreed to make payment in these articles are
rsouested TO deliver them as soon possible.
Bloomington herald. [volume] (Bloomington, I. T. [Iowa]) 1840-1849, 1842-02-18

q Z ATS-The highest market price will be paid
Y y for 1900 bushels good Oats.
Jan. Fl IS DRURY & DAVIS.
Bloomington herald. [volume] (Bloomington, I. T. [Iowa]) 1840-1849, 1842-02-18

RHODE IsLAsD.-The following letter, in re-
iation 10 the establishment of Constitution
for Rhode Island, may contain information for
some Of our readers. There are many persons
in our country who have yet to learn that
Rhode Island has never had Constitution
established by the people, but that the latter,
up to this hour, have lived under royal char
ter springng from..the grace of king:-Globe.
Correspondence of the Augusta. (Me) Age.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1842-05-24
MEDICAL OFFICE.


MADAME COSTELLO, grateful Tor the extensive patron.
age so LITERALLY bestowed since she opened the above OF
nee respectfully soGts the senton of females and mo;e
in particular TO the following Medicines own
which have proved efeetpa in rcmedyng the diseases
which they recommended VIII
Piles in all cases.
German Soothing Syrup prepared expressly for children
teething will effectualy prevent ITS aming &c
Madame Costeo Nipple Paste, the emed
for nipples, and which mother should be without
Dsrroei Cordial the cnecua remedy possible
rally requiring but few doses TO effect perfect cure
Lip Silve OF Amber, for removing pmples boches
redncss tan, sun-burn and frccklcs
Hair Rcnovstor positive preventive 10 the Hair falling
will in bald places and give rich dark glossy az
pearance.
Also Beautiful Dye for the Hair does color the skin
but viii red light hair 10 beautiful black La
dies have applied the Office by Madame Costello,
ranted.
MaIame c.. Ointment and Lotion, positive for the
regm, letter scald head, and other euptons
OF The skin.
CHcs Of Liver Compains which have been standing for
cs have been cured in short time by NADINE c..
e'M,,fw remedy aud restored TO perfect health.
m '"stellos syrup for after lrains never failing
@ s5d All Of the above medicines prepared sad sold
snd whore be obtained such proofs of these
We tons s"' f""'e uere N 10 fancy ID N'tst ~
~ b would nf ladies h,t good nurses may be OBJ
III st tt shortest motto. by sppyins al her orc,
AL communications aud letleri ust be ro,psd mis- n.c
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1842-05-24
A COMMUNICATION

I CANNOT refrain from mentioning the public that am
actually astonshed and surprised the injury this city
by taking the spurious pills drops and mixurs nisermnae
ly which represented cure all'
eet disease These facts have ascerfarcd entire
faction from the hundreds OF patients which have cured who
suffering from the eic of medicines njudicoy
ken Thus man will sa he himself well any
docor another will that hc will buy Doctors A. or
mixture for dollar, which will him, without
at he time wis be up by doctor aud third
VIII that he would box Of pills be bought
such No or 80 cents for all e physicians advice in the city
and thus the constitutions OF hundreds
who would have comprised the Part the and
new OF our country woud you, sertlcmen
Things may Tor the time being, check disease
wish w after life probably after married aud have for
gotn those days. to have chronic weakness
sinc nervous tremor all over dull nervous he
sona deafness loss Of sight aud scrolo children then
on net You should CONSULT PHysIeAS visit him every
Three OF four day, until you well and probably he may
chhsT as much As You anticipate. Should You select
your yslcian you will find Office Broad street
ner OF Stone Oivn from . A VI. to 8 r. NJ.
myl7 imsr J. PROVOST Mn
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1842-05-24
MEDICINES.


CAND,s REMEDY FOR SALT RHEUM. WARRAN
- TED TO CURE.-Sufeers from this disease are request
ed read the following and fon the persons named pucu
Aliss Almira Gardner Of Montvle Great Plains has for
than two years been entirely cured alter being onnnes
hundreds of dollars for advice and all the med
cines Of the day, without benefit. .
Mrs Murphy, opposite the brick church. was cured oil
daughter Of Mr. Watrous in West Chelsea afflicted
tried the 1omsonan plan which only her su rings
and entirely cured IN short time BY using half box OF
Many be learned and references obtained by
"'' N'' r. w. MATHEwsON, Norwich, CT
you for the valuable service have rendered myself and
mily do cheeruy inform you that my wife entirely
her hands from her childhood, and commenced the
your medicines without much conidedce but only half
nuing few weeks longer i was entirely endica.d There
has been appearance OF the disease for than
c,,.. Oct, 1911 Yours S SS T1Hs;PPeeHial HifNMAN
Presared and sold wholesale and retail by A. D. Sands
70 and Fulton street. East Broadway and 273 Broadway,
New Ha Aae 'In Bull Tart - a. 1 PP osi
dence; VIM Brown, i8i Washington street Boston; and by
druggists generally in all the principal towns IN the United
terms. A. B. & D. SANDS, druggists.
70 and 100 Fulton ST, and II East Broadway.
u PEnANCE BITTERS, WITHOUT WINE OR Al
COHOI-Keader, have you no appetite u? you not relish
ThsnSss these b!tsis they will so sreay 4:
OF the stomach debility, &c They purify The blood ana
Sold by A. D. D Sands dussis,s Ne = Fulton corner
of Gold street and loo Fulton corner OF William street. Also
Ct; S Co., 49,
r Of Market street. a22 3m'm
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1842-05-24
OCCULISTS.

DR ELLIOTT begs inform his patients and Others that
- he has made arrangement with skiliu and scientific
Opelsn whom he has instructed IN his peculiar mode oil
from disease. This gentleman will examine the eye
and BY the aid of his pesbytomete determine the
power of the glasses required. . -
Dr. T. considers this an important oseet as many diseases o.,
aged produced by the multiplication Of spectaces He
would Of tho public to his newly IN
vented seadjustng Spectacle Frames particularly useful IN
reading % writing - n,,
Dr. Elliott Oculst and Ophalmc Surgeon, will attend his
patients as Monday Wednesday and Friday Ohce
as Broadway. entrance in Warren street a23 lmsr
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1842-05-24
SUCCESS GUARANTEED TO
ALL,

UT,HE AMERICAN MAGIC MIXTURE" has been
hailed Of the discoveries Of the present
and as long medical science Exists will be the
well the kidneys and bladder. Its Effects absolutely
efectual ne forming radical short time while the
ordinary remedies take months One dose fail
enlist the heatng and delicate in its favor and Of
pointed discovered while using r. has safely conveyed
stood unvalled and has withsteod the gerng imagery
cpcd Initiating ouacEs whose only aim has to dune adj
deceive the unfortunate Sold BY appon,ment Ring
and Chambers and at drug 4l3 Broadway Lscna-d;
6S Bowery Of Walker m2 lmse
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1842-05-24
TOTAL BLINDNESS,
OIL OF BARK.

VALUABLE DIsCOvERY.-T. P: MERRIAM's Pre-
MUM Water Proof Leather Composition Of OH Of Bark,
noyag old leather original beauty and strength This
highly approved Oil offered to the public which stands
unrvaea for power Of preserving and renoyating leather
also a proof composition for boots and shce-
Having the Premiums from the Mechanics Institute
Boston. and the American Institute at New York
~ B-Be particular in all to observe that none can be
genuine without the written signature Of T. p Merriam the
yellow printed label in his own hand writing and his SEAL T.
p NJ stamped the stopper Of every bole. 49,
For sale wholesale aid retail ly j. Merriam No. AS
Pearl Hammccy street, door from VaTlck street,
and 295 Fourth street Of Green street New York;
also by r. r. Merriam the inventor, New Bedford, Mass
Gold and 100 Fulton street, corner Of William ST. and by
Sands Co, II East Broadway, OF Market street. and
by A. B. Sands Co., 1893 Broadway. Of Chambers
street aA ms
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1842-05-24
pOTSONS

DOCTOR EEUCHTwANGER has removed hi. Of
- fee from No. Courtandt No. Wall street,
Broadway His universal approved Poisons for extemi.
mating bedbugs, moths rats cockoahches mice, mosquetoes
his for guarding seed when planted against
the attack of the grubwoms and other insects will he found
ndpensaby necessary aud highly useful in the present
He may be constantly consulted on his ayoe science,
cies of vernin.
Dr. f. is for the manufacturers of aquafor pure nj
and acids coava capsules, solution Of pyo.
gneous acid lunar causc leeches &c. &c by the package
and at retail.
N B-Moh secualy eIeminated and vented to exist
in woolens annes carpets upholstery such chairs tables,
saddles cushions Sc Eedbugs warranted be
from bed bedste ads bedding &C. DR.. F. his Office
No. Wall street, from 9 To 6 O'clock. m22sHwc
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1842-05-24
NO CURE NO PAY

DIX COOPER No IL Duane street. Chatham takes this
method OF informing the public that he still affords relief
c aiced and may be always consulted with the
hdencc N the worst cases OF delicate disease meua arc
uos ana me numerous symptoms from the disease Dr.
"COPPER" from residence Of in the Hospitals Of
Europe devoted TO the treatment of this disease, and
teve practice Tor the last eight that particular branch
OF the profession guarantees safe and speedy and cectu
cure to such persons themselves under his treatment
cent cases cured IN few days. without the of
any other dangerous medicine Dr. ca mild aud ucos mode
OF treatment VIII require interruption from business
non in the mode ofyng Persons afflicted with potraced and
dep orabc cases need not despair Of complete recovery
No. IL Duane street. mi m.r
TO THE ADVERTISING DOCTORs.-(entlcmen
when touched with little accident, should not apply
g g; I ne doctor sneh IS NE Magic Mixture
sell death low shall the celebrated doctors
who celebrate themselves the daily and every lamp
post throughout this city, How long genemon do you intend
20 gun Us OF or oney hosi with your mercury coral
an old regular scientific doctor such
PLANT Such Dr. Laurel 1903 Canal street. who new
IN q hours and an old in less than week mi
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1842-05-24
HORATIO BLAKE
P A V | L | O N,

II FREMONT ROW, BOSTON.
PLEASANTLY and centrally situated on fremont Row.
supplied with private paors and large AMI airy chambersthe
house well furnished any house in thu city OF Boston,
The subscribers have lived for several New York city,
(at the Aston and Howads)of the table will always
BE- well supplied with the best market affords the cellar
well stocked with choice Wines and Liquors. -
Refer TO c. A. Steson Astor House ID. D. Howard, How
A.. Han lmr
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1842-05-24
FACTS
AGAINST THEORY.

PHILADELPHIA, May 10, 1912.
DR. JAYNE-DEAR Sir IL feel unat ] hardly say
- enough favor Of Hair Tonic My hair had been
falling off for about years. and had become hin
threatening speedy badness when commenced using
remedy in aoon week ceased fall of: have used
il for about three months, and have full and thick
head of hair as osbly desire. have commeeded i:
faithfully employed have doubt Of its general
add that before using your Tonic had tried most Of the
articles employed for the ha-such the Macassr
Oil al the different preparations Of Bears OIL Vegetable
Respectfully, yours,
8. s. FITCH, NJ d.
No. liz Chestnut street.
Sold by the AGENTS, A. B. D. Sands, Druggists. No -
Fulton Of 0old 100 Fulton East Broad
way; 273 Broadway. aS0 Inst
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1842-05-24
BOOKKEEPING.

'hE toannng rooms Of 6. {. MARSH so Cedar street,
chants aud oth may avail themselves &C cor.c ~ ,.c
ton that Is truly pncca that crbsscrs co,at,
tine Of commerca uanSaetons and mereau cicniSticn.
and IN which the student actually keepS ct IL ~ =;
counting house. To those acquainted win - =
users reputation he desires say that lis rrncn,l , @
Book-kcc pins has passed editions tat n rc.,, III
preference IN the New York Pgllic Schools and or i,r,
institutions and that he himself has the honor of h.in
pointed teacher Of bookkeeping for the Mercsntle Iir
Association" Of this city. Pospectucs, with terms m,v 4,
had NJ me counting rooms as above a2l I'm IDS
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1842-05-24
t" A LII THE WORLDS A
STAGE"

A l. l. / II T. w " IL Il - y "A
STAGE"
THUS said Shakespeare, and one doubts ITS truth The
scenes e;'e Colds Coughs Consumption ' % ' " ~
A chill throughout the human. frame.
W. a S;aI Il: ' "s BE: By 81 u n,~e,
xs A: and G'a 5 sssis SSds
~ ~sy s csd % n.' co 'n''
Besrss s KIM 81 SOON S,% ihs dna nal iS,s,
That waits for those who de!
coush ha. in hoaseness folows the vce; only
gaina ls and discovers that CONSUMPTION has set I'M
Consumption comes with direia shade,
of Exsy sSNs "a, %P'f III
s %sGs Ss with
s Sold xsSos.se s % rss % at ppon street. 10 A
A'tssFs, g ssst s'':s's :Is Pa.
R @. SG s'ls ss i tiSss' Nd
}esion R, Orleans
ssssd 'fs @
MERIT WILL FIND IT'S WAY.
This is certify that l. have used leases Hoarhound
Agent for the Brooklyn TEN. Society.
can recommend J. Pease & Son, Compound Hoarhsund
Candy valuable remedy for coughs colds and hoarseness.
Rev, Mr. WHITAKER, Pastor Of the
Presbyterian Church. Catfarine and Madison sts
Dear S-My wife lying deaths door in the last stage
Of Consumption and she made Of numbeess remedies all
effect, and invaluable Compsund performed radical
JOSEPH SUDDEN, 70 Avenue D.
of Fulton and William street Wendover al 9Th
Avenue Keag, 55 Broadway Dodd Gt3 Broadway Clark,
$50 Hudson street Young III Varck Pastor 65 Green.
witch Brigham, Houston and Avenue d. Martin,
and 9Th Avenue. Agents in Brooklyn 139 Fnl
street Handy. Is High street; Stuart, IS Fulton street
Each envelope Of the genuine Candy is signed j. PEHSE
son. m3r
PEMOVAL..DR. FEUCHTWANGER has renewed his
~ Office from No. Courtlandt No. Wall street,
Broadway He agent for the manuac,urers of Aqua
forts Nous pure Nitric and Muriatc Acids Sulpho and
Nitro Muriate of Tin Pyrclignrous Acid and Charcoal Ex
tact of LogwSod Aq@o Amnena Sweet Spirits of NIs
ed his avote science for destroying and cxeninats
species OF vermin and insects such moths bedbugs cock
roatces hea MICE flies SHIPPERS and ca
pa, the various plants and his seed protector he
attendance for advice at his ofice, NO. all
from nine twelve o'clock. AZ, Imee
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1842-05-24
THE HUMAN HAIR
RESTORED

,I,uE Cowth caused falling ofstayed the DUFF danduf
dlspsd, and ig1, red, hair made dark
This ed there is mser entatlon) by Jones' Oil Of
Coral Ciassit. The proprietor viii oser further
nen hs ownbut that he the public this
nted and thai the above positive
ties. Read this, and then Judge.
From J. Baker, f. r. l., Fellow Of the Royal Scientific
The ROYAL Scientific Institution has been favored with
specimen of Jones' Oil OF Coral Crcassa for the purpose
testing It's recommended qualities, and follows
I'VE have infinitely examined and tested Jones' Oil Of Coral
CTcasa and find that 1t consists u compounds decidedly
favorable for nouhlng sotening, causing growd curing
dand and giving dark 10 the hair being the
qualities recommended by Mr. Jones' which this Society
hnd perfectly True aud IN virtue thereof award Mr. Jones the
above testmonials.'
(Sisned) ]. 8. BAKER. H.S.L
Portmas street, Portnan Square, London.
Sold the sign Of the American Eagle so Chatham street
Price only g. or shEings bottle. Brooklyn Agea ls9
Fulton street 40 Inst
pED OR GREY HAIR may be changed 10 beautiful a!-
~ burn jet black three hours, by bottle
Of the celebrated Italian Dye II has Justly obtained repua
lon far surprising all others IN and be used
the difficulty Of procuring suitable article for cooring the
hair has deferred from attempting It, But this di
Guilty is removed all who have used the ltaiaa Dye have
horne willing testimony of Its efficacy: For sale by A. D.
Sands Co. 2I3 Broadway, corner of Chambers n D. ID.
Sands 70 Fulton of Gold and 100 Fulton, of
William, and Sands X Co. II East Broadway.
French Polishing Eie-Th article combina. of ele
substances, having strong affinity ot sch other
which viii unite and form compound altogether IN Its
Clrac,er The bnliancy and durability the julish
parts the delicate article Of furniture such maoga
nv rosewood ebony Italian MARBLE also TO carraAs- patent
leather military caps, Sc il unsurpassed Its Application
little labor restore the article 10
gual beauty. For sale by A. B. Sands Co, Grane Enld
y. Sands and loo Fulton street, d. Sands Co. II East
Broadway. Price IS lm'p
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1842-05-24
A MIRACLE
TO CLEAR THE SKIN

1lF
~ Mohew and the Medical Council Of Paris have declared
the Italian Chemical Soap invented by NJ Besprni perfect
miracle disbursement erptions Of the skn-it
new fails-has cured hundreds in the city.
1t will change yellow sunbuned, dark skim healthy
spots, fact any spot desacer Of
beauty. No misepre trial will prove.-Cne
lady this city, (shc WON'T give her name her face
with pimpes and freckes-two Cakes thoroughly
cured her.
Sold by the New York Agent, J. Jones, sign Of the Anne
rcan Eagle SO Chatham strcetPce 50 cake Brook
lynn Agent se Fulton street. Merchants Captains and Others
trading % the South allowed liberal discount a30 Inns
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1842-05-24
WIGS CLEANED

INSIDE AND OUT, EQ TO NEW.
WIGS and every description OF ornamental hnr cleaned
cal process only 10 the subscriber WM. BATCHE
OR, pa cuci wig maker and hair cutter, 65 Broadway New
or Packages iIom the country he ioepaid
yyinpt attention. The hsndsomest and best assortment of
wigs aud toupees United States will be found this
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1842-05-24
PORTUGUESE
F E NJ A L T. PI L L S :.

tNvrSTED AND rREPAnEpBv
N. DE BOUDELOQuE, NJ. D., LISBON, fQRTuGAL.
I'HE Sciert6c combination Of ingredients a whch tee
ration world they known ell Europc TO be
the only pre that has proved aaby
certain producing the monthly turns Their certainty ndl
not be used during
for though mild and healthy. they certain prod
miscarriage if used curing that period; .
The directions translated into English and enveovcd
with the seal q the importer stamped Each boy con-
tns the signature Of NJ do Boueleqnc and the English di
reciions have signature Of Dr. f. MELvEAU authorised
agent for the continent Of America.
They be transmitted by mail r. OF the United
States. Letters directed to DR. +. Meivesu, box "a. New
York. will with immediate attention. Sold by appoint
100 Cherry, Csfharne street. Price s.. Half
boxes 81 No half boxes sent BY mail.
m3O IN sd&w
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1842-05-24
THE EYE.
DR.. WHEELER, OCULIST.
LIN nIcE AcEn ANn WEAX EXES

JNFLAMED, DISEASED AND WEAK EYEs.-DR.
L WHEELER Occulist, 80 Greenwich street, New York
respectfully informs the public, that in Of his
practice having become enlarged extent he
compelled conne his Office attendance strictly between
tho hours o! A. NJ r. NJ after which hours he visits
door patients
Notwithstanding that among the many hundreds of cases
which Dr. Wheeler has attended have been operated
by other professors without and pronounced by them
ncurabe he has jailed eradicate the disease and
a cure, disadvantage which
have presented ITSELF and in instances almost against
hope. this his of the
yaous-hther;o considered ncsrableseases of tho eye,
enables him with confidence refer the afflicted who
disorders of this restored patients IN the
first class of society repectn. his professional skill and
abilities being pe-emnent for his scientific
Occulist.
long standing can eectuay and rmanenty cured films,