Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1842-12-30
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Most important from China and India--Ter-
milsat ton Of the Chinese war.-Reca pturc of
Ca5ul and Ounce.
The British Steam Ship Britannia, Capt.
John Hewitt, arrived at Boston on the 22d
ul,., from Liverpool, via Halifax.
The news received by the intermediate
overland mail is of the highest interest and
Importance. The English arms in India
have regainod complete ascendancy-and all
the disastrous effects Of former defeats appear
to have been entirely retrieved. Affghanis-
tan has again acknowledged the supremacy
ofBritsh power, and has bent herself humbly
under the yoke.
The war in China is terminated. A trea-
~ Of peace has been concluded between the
Emperor Of China and Sir Henry Pot,nger,
in behalf Of the Queen of England. An at
tack was made BY the British forces, upon
Chin kcang-foo-which, after gallant de-
foncc, was surrendered. The British then
proceeded toward Nanhin, which place they
prepared 10 attack, when truce was immo-
dia,ey solicited by the Chinese. An en-
bassy was sen, TO moo, and treat with the
Bri,sl,-the resul, Of which was tho ncgoti-
alton Of treaty, which was signed on board
II. NJ. ship CORVALLIS. The Chinese are to
pay tho British s2l 100000, in four annual
instalments the principal trading ports in
China to be thrown open to British trade
tho Island of Hong Kong to be unconditon-
ally eeded to the Brtish-Chusan, &c, 10 be
held, as security for the payment, &c. &c.
CHINA.
The overland mail reached London on
the 22j ut. with the most important infor-
nation that treaty Of peace had been con-
cludrd with China.
The intelligence was brought 10 Malta on the 18Th
inst from Alexandra, and for arded TO Marselllc
by The Locust steamer. From China, il bears date
Nankin, the 3ist OF August and Hong Kong, the 10Th
Of September, and is even gratifying and i'm
porant than the French telegraph led us TO suppose.
The last advces recorded, II will be remembered, the
capture OF Woosung and Shanghae, IN the ang,'ze-
keang; the destruction Of numerous batteries and de-
fences the banks Of the Woosung river; and the
departure OF the fleet for Nankn, for the purpose OF
commencing operations against that city On the
efChinkcang foo, very strongly fortified town. COM
nlandng the entrance of the Grand Canal; and the
next morning the troops were dlsenbarked, and
whilst one brigade attacked the Chlnesa camp, anoth-
er was posted to off the retreat Of the Chinese
from the city; and a third was ordered 10 escaade
the walls The Chinese fled, after few yolloys, from
the camp, but the city sel was manlully defended
BY the Tartar soldiers, who after prolonged con-
test of several hours duration, length
powered The garrison supposed TO have consisted
of 5000 men, one third of whom, along with forty
mandarns are said to have been killed or wounded.
The Tartar general, finding that all was lost retired
to his house, and having ordered his servants TO fire
it. sat in his chair till he was burned to DEATH The
British casualties on this occasion were unusually
heavy. Among the officers killed we regret to have
to record the death of Major Uniacke, of the Royal
Marines; MS also Colonel Driver, of the 9th Madras
n. l.; Captain Collinson, Of the S9,h Royal Irish
Lieutenant Gibbons, Of the 49ih whilst l5t men oil
10th services were either killed wounded. Leav.
ing, as we have already stated it to have been Sii
Hugh Coughs intention, strong garrison behind
the exped ion proceeded up the river Yang TIE, ano
having anchored off Nankin, mnde preparations fol
bombardng tina, part Of the city near the river. A
large division Of the army, ander the command O.
Lord Ssitoun landed the west of the city, and took
up position on hill about halfa mile distant from
tho was.-The inhabitants are stated to have declar
ed their unwillngness TO allow their houses and pro
perty to be destroyed. The garrison, consisting o
about IA 900 Tartar and Chinese troops, became ter
rifed. A flag of truce was sent ont 10 the British
plenipotentiary, praying for cessation of hostes
which was granted as commissioners having. ful
power from the Emperor were declared TO be on thei
road in order to treat for peace The assault on Nan
kim which was designed for the l3th was, therefore
postponed.
On the 10Th the High Imperial Commissioners ar
rived. They speedily communicated to the brtIs
Plenipo,ensry their powers, which were found to b
in due order.-Vis Of ceremony then took place
and, after various conferences the conditions oil
treaty OF pence were signed in presence ct the ADM
aland General and many other ldllish olhceri
Copies of these conditions were Immediately uans
mitted to Pekn, and their return was expected IN e
days. When the treaty was signed Royal sau'
was fred and all restrictions removed on the int
course between the expedition and the natives.
|. China consents TO pay in three years the sum
FL millions of dollars.
2. The ports of Canton, Annoy, Ningpo, and o,he
shall he open to English commerce.
3. Tllcsland of Hong Kong is, pcrpeually ced'
TO her Britannia majesty.
4. The prisoners shall be restored
5. An emnesty published.
g. The ofic RS Of the two nations . hall DO trrat
on footing Of equality. go
7. The islands of Chusan and Koong-soo shall
occupied till full payment of the tribute.
This treaty of peace has given great satisfaction
the British in China and India, Ii was said that d
Emperor had at first some doubts as to the propre
OF opening foreign trade at Foo-chow-foo, which
the capital of Fokien, and the nearest port to I
country where the Bohea tea grows, but that he
The Commissioners are described as anxious
get rid Of the British from the fang-tze- keang a
the embouchure of the Grand Canal: they offered
pay down four millions instantly, but the British Pie
ipoteniary insisted the full instrument being p;
and the ratification Of the treaty before he wol
Withdraw.
The payment Of tho opium claims will, it is stat
be adjusted according TO the amount fixed sol
months ago by the British government II was 81
that the Imperial Commissioners had pressed the &C
sdera,on OF the opium trade on the British PlsniI
tentiary but he declined to discuss it, stating, if
Chinese government were DESTROYS of producing
stoppage it, that it ought to be effected by their
internal regulations, and by imposing restrictions
their own subjects.
The steamers were the objerIs Of great curiosity
the Chinese who called those vessels the "Dev
ships"
At the time the Sesosris left Ndnkn the six mill
dollars were in course Of collection.
INDIA.
War In AGghanistan Ended--Gh uznee q
Cabul taken..M Most of the British Prison
Released.
The proceedings of General Not, Of which we
bu, meagre account by t he mail Of the lst OF o.
Der. appear to have been highly successful. Sh'
soodcn, the afghan Governor OF Ghuzee, having
tempted to snnov the British force on It's march,
repnlsed on the 23d Of August, and total rouie'
the Both. The loss Of British amounted to Sc k
and 6s wounded