The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1842-08-17

H'i-FIe IN Hambmg-King of Prussia and EN-
peror Of Observation-Disclosures and Trade CONNER
ciai Affairs.
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, ESQ -
SIR:-
During residence of several years in the United
States OF America, have been a constant reader
of your valuable Journal, which is allowed on all
hands to contain greater mass of information than
is to be met with any of the respectable sixpen-
nies' OF Wall street. Knowing that your con-
nexions not confined to America, but extend TO
England and France, ! conceived the idea on my
return TO Europe that correspondence from this
part of the world might not be quite unacceptable
as should have an opportunity of communicating
variety Of facts and observations, whchwoud offer
more novelty 10 your countrymen IN ge neral, than
those concerning the more beaten track of CONT
mental travel
You are well aware that Berlin is the capitol of a
powerful and tiourlshing kingdom, and may be con-
sdeIed in an intellectual point ofview, as the focus
In which the rays OF German science and literature
are concentrated II contains University, which al
though one of the newest is ready one of the most
distinguished institutions of the kind on the con-
tnent, and is frequented by students from all parts
OF Europe, and even by a lew from the United
States. Many of the Professors have acquired the
highest reputation In the lr several departments M.
de Savigny, the great lawyer, has been recently
| appointed Minister of Justice; NJ de Raumers his
torcal works and travels in England, are not un-
known on your side OF the Atlaniic;and Dr. Schoen-
lem has infused new life into the medical depart
ment. The city boasts of population nearly equal
to that of New York, and has lately evinced SINH
lar tendency to go out OF town, although it is stopt
It's vagrant prospensihes by lofty brick wall that
encompasses 1t on all sides, including many acres of
ground not yet built upon. Most of the streets are
wide, straight, and of lntemnabe length; splendid
palaces and immense barracks are the distinguish
ing features OF Berlin, the latter being necessary to
accommodate the garrison which is SAID to amount
| to 81. ONO men, There also n pnO1lv mber nf
churches, but they generally less frequented than
the theatres; question whether even the cloquence
ofyour friend Maiit would be able to attract full
| congregation.
| The public sympathy Is now chiefly engrosedby
the great fire at Hamburger, the particulars of which
you have probably seen in the English newspapers.
| With the exception of the burning of Moscow it is
the most Obstructive confagration that has taken
place IN Europe since the fire of London in 1865,
| nearly 1000 houses having been consumed, and up
wards of $1,000 individuals deprived of their homes
and their property. On the first arrival of these dis
astrous accounts, liberal contributions provisions
bedding and clothing, were sent down the Elbe to
Hamburger, to relieve the distress of the unfortunate
sufferers, and since then large sums of money have
been collected for the same purpose. The King
set the example by donation of $1,000 dollars the
members OF the Royal family. the nobility, the
bankers and merchants, fact all classes of people
showed equal iberality, and the collections have
| consequently attained very considerable amount.
This deporable event has excited the greatest sym
pathy throughout Germany, every city and town,
|
scrptlon. The Senate of Frankfort voted lOO, 600
forms, and the Hanoverian Chambers 100000 dol
lars tor the same object. As as the Emperor
of Russia was informed of the CONFEDERATION he or.
dered $4,000 silver roubles (S4OOOO) to be paid over
to the Hamburger authorities; no. 600 silver roubles
are said to have been collected in the Imperial fami
ly, and 10000 by the nobility of ST Petersburg, be-
sides the sums subscribed by the merchants, which
will probably be very considerable. Will the Uni
ted States do anything to assist their sister Republic!
or have their financienng experiments put out Of
| their power! The principal Hamburger Insurance
Company is not likely TO be able to pay in full some
say not more than 20 per cent. This is the mere to
be regretted, as It was principally the middle class Of
people, retail shopkeepers, mechanics, &c, that
were insured IN this Company, many OF them will
lose the hard earnings of their whole lives and be
reduced to comparative poverty, whereas the more
opulent mercantile houses were insured in London,
| in the Royal Exchange, Alliance, Phenix and Sun
Offices which pay all their losses in full Altogether
the distress is infinitely greater than it was after the
fire of New York in 1885, the heaviest losses falling
on those who are least able to bear them
The King is expected to go to ST. Petersburgh
towards the end OF this month, on visit to his bro
| ther-ln-law, the Emperor who celebrates what is
called In this country his sllverwedding, that is to
the present Empress (sister to the King of Prussia
In the fall grand manGuvres will take place in the
Rhinish provinces, when the King will review the
troops quarered near the French frontiers. In this
palace of Cobence has been ordered to be put into
complete repair and newly furnished for the recep-
ton of the Royal family and their guests, who are
| expected to be present at the reviews.
| The mercantile part of this community are chiefly
engaged IN buying and selling the manufactures of
Germany, which have in many instances supplanted
English and French goods, the latter being subject
| TO heavy duties from the German Commercial
| League (Zolverein)
The goods manufactured by steam power in your
Eastern States are equal, in most respects to those
| made here by hand-ln fact | have seen some do
mestics, &c. from the looms of Lowell, the Merri-
mack and other companies, which are superior to
| those manufactured in Germany, but could not be
imported on account OF the duty on all foreign mer-
chandise, and the heavy expenses. Business in
this country is altogether conducted on more lin.
tied scale than in the States, although the amount
OF capital Is quite sufficient to supply the means of
| engaging in extensive commercial enterprises But
the merchants of this city very different to those
| OF your great emporium; grand speculations to
all quarters of the globe are thought of here, nor
could they be in the nature of things. Berlin is an
inland city, situated small river, and many To-
capreudlces and petty obstacles prevent the launch
ing out into new undertakings or establishing ex-
tensve manufactures. Almost the only exception to
this Is large establishment for spinning and weav-
ing by power, which has lateiy been formed in Se-
STA upon shares. Railroad engines have also been
constructed in this country for some time on Eng
gllsh and American models.
The Bankrupt laws are very strict, and so the
police regulations. They interfere in every body's
trouble a, possible about every tre, let i Be- ever 50
Notwithstanding several railroads have been con-
structed there is not that unfettered liberty of loco
motion that people used to in America you can
not travel 30 miles without passport, stay "a
hours without having your name registered at the
Police Office
In my next will give you some account of the
manners, customs and peculiaritles of the inhabi-
ants of Berlin, as well as few anecdotes of pass
ing events, of the reforms and changes introduced
by the present King, and will endeavor to furnish
you from time with a succlnct statement of every
remarkable occurrence that may come TO my know
ledge.
| Remaining, Sir,
Your most obedient servant, A. B.
| MELANCHOLY Aceprrr.-On the 4h inst. Mr. James
Desmond seaman of brig Columbo the passage from
Baltimore for Boston port alot with all hands to
take in the fore topsail II blowing heavy the time
with bad and the brig under close reefed