Litchfield enquirer., 1842-03-31
MR.. CALHOUN IN 1929.

and were struck, upon reading it, with The cearness
and force Of his reasoning,
Change Of opinion does no, necessarily implv ~, n,
OF honesty, or even want Of consistency. Often.
times it is proof Of stern honesty, and the hsb..,
Consistency The very idea, indeed, Of progress in.
wolves necessarily some change.
But after careful examination Of Mr. Calhoun
absolute somersets, and the political combinations
which resulted from them, we cannot give him this
credit. The condition Of the country in 1929 was
similar, IN many respects, to the condition ot the
country noW and the reasoning which was true then,
IS true moo For instance, Mr.. Calhoun said, in that
speech, that the wants and habits Of the country,
founded on the use Of foreign articles must be graft
neo~ importation to a certain extent continues md
thus the specie ofhe country s drawn off to nav the
balance constantly accumula,ing against u.s. and the
"ot result rs, The total arrangement Of our
And would not The same causes produce the same re-.
suits at this time?
AND what think you, reader, was his remedy for
'h's distressing state Of things" They were two,
a Navy and Domestic Manu- factrres-,he former TO
open the way to our markets. the latter TO naturuse
them our opn soil.
But it is needless to explain wha, Mr. Calhoun di!
say. We will leave him To speak for himself simply
asking that the portion Of his speech which we pub.
lIsh below, may be read. l. will richly repay a peru.
sal.-CincinnGil Gazette
A PART OF Mr.. CALHOUN'S SPEECH
On Mr.. Randolph's motion 10 strike out The Min.
imun .rG!WaiiOn on Cation goods.
What then, let US consider, constitute the
resources OF this country, and what are the
enects OF war upon them? Commerce and
agriculture, till lately. almost the only, still
constitute the principal sources of our
wealth. So long as these remain uninter.
fuPted' the country prospers: but war, as we
are now circumstanced, is equally dstruc-
tive to both. They both depend on foreign
markets; and our country is placed. as it re.
CARDS them, in situation strictly insular.-
A wide ocean rolls between US and our mar
kets. Our commerce neither is nor can be
protected by the present means Of the coun.
try.
What, then, are the effects of war with
q maritime power-with England? Our
commerce annihilated, spreading individu-
al misery, and producing national poverty;
our agriculture CUT Ixapn its accustomed
markets, the surpls lfuct Of the farmer
perishes on his hah0 and he ceases to pro-
duce' because SElTEt sell. His resour-
COS are dried 6ps Efiile his expenses nre
greatly incraMs n nj II manufactured arti-
Giles, the necessities, as we'll as the conven.
lencles Of life, rise to an extravagant price.
The recent war fell with peculiar pressure
on the grower Of cotton and tobacco, and
other great staples Of the country and the
same state Of things will recur in the event
of another, unless prevented by the fore
sight ofthis body. If the mere statement of
facts did not carry conviction to every mind,
as he conceivcs it is calculated to do, addi-
tional arguments might be drawn from the
general nature Of wealth. Neither agricul
ture, manufactures or commerce, taken separate.
ly. is The cause Of ,ceah; ii jlo,os from The three
combined; and cannot erisl ,cithout each.
The wealth Of any single nation or an in
divldual, it is true, may not Immediately be
derived from the three but it always pre-
supposes the existence of the three sources,
though derived Immediately from one or two
of them only. Taken in its most enlarged sense
,cithout commerce industry ,ooula hare no stimu.
lus; tcithout fractures, ii aoould be aoithOut
the means o. production; and without agricul-
ture, neither of the others exist When sep
arated, entirely and permanently, they must
perish.
War, in this country, produces, to great
extent, that separation and hence, the great
embarrassment which follows in its train.
The failure of the wealth and resources of
the nation necessarily involved the ruin of
its finances and its currency. 1t is admitted
by the most strenuous advocates, OF the 9TH
or side, that no country ought to be depen-
dent upon another for its means of defence
that, at least. our musket and bayonet, our
cannon and ball, ought to be domestic man
ufacture.
But what, he asked, is more necessary to
the defence of country, than its currency
and finance! CircumStanced as our coun-
try is, can these stand the shock of war
Behold the effects of the late war on them
When our manufactures are groom to a
certain perfection, as they soon wiA. under
kke fostering care q government. zoe piN no
niger experience those eUiis. The farmer
piH find ready market for his sarplus
produce, and wh0t is almost If equal COR
sequence. a certain and cheap supply IF all
MS aOanfs. His prosperity sOiU difuse IT,
self to eccry class in tie community; and im-
stead Of that languor IF industry and indi-
cidu0t distress nOw incident TO state If
'cnr and suspended commerce. the scc0lfh
and rigor Of The commGnity WiH not be MA
feri0ity impaired
The arm Of government will be nerved,
and taxes, in the hour of DANGER " hen essen
tial to the independence of the nation, may
be greatly increased; loans, so uncertain
and hazardous, may he relied on thus stu
ated, the storm may beat without, but with
in all will be quiet and safe. To give per.
lection to this state OF things. it will be nee
essary to add, as soon as possible, system
OF internal improvements, and at least such
an extension of our navy ms will prevent the
cutting off our coasting trade. The advan-