The Illinois free trader and LaSalle County commercial advertiser. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1841-1843, 1842-11-11

thu 'sader Of the party, stimulated the
other party to provide in the constliu-
ton all the Safeguards against the tenden-
cy Of the government in that direction.
They declared tina, all power was inherent
in the people-that government was o"'
an emanation from them, and It's iul!c-
,;onaries responsible to them tha' It's
powers should be few and fully express
sed and guarded ; that the great mass oil
powers should remain with the states;
important rights of the people should not
be touched by government; that there
should be no titles of nobility; and that
all powers not granted should be reserved
to the states respectively or TO the people.
OF this party, though not in the con-
vention was TMOMAs JEFFERSON. lie
and his followers advocated the rights of
the people and their exercise, to every
proper extent. He and his party were
for a simple, cheap, plain, and econo-
mical government, with just as much
power and no more bestowed upon 1t as
would enable it to go along when once
put in motion, retaining to the states, Tor
their exercise, all the powers which were
not absolutely necessary to be given up to
the general government-lor unlimited
choice by the peopel of their officers
for perfect freedom of thought and op'n-
ion, and for jealous regard Of all the
rights of man. They fos,ered and encou-
ragged no distinctions between rich and
poor--gentle and simple; nor did they
believe that the British government
with its corrupiions, its king, lords, and
arislocracy, its standing army, taxes, and
public debt, under the operations OF which
the people were ground to the earth-a
government worthy of imitation by a
people who had just conquered their free
dom. The politicians and people of that
day were separated, before and alter the
adoption Of the constitution, into two dl-
visions. The one headed by Gen. Ham
ilton was for elIectng distinctions II
society, and for propagaling the idea thai
the rich, or those possessed Of property
should have control Of the government,
and be entitled to greatcr privileges, per-
sonal and corporate, than those OF the
working classes, the farmers, mechanics
and laborers. They were constantly me
and opposed ~ Mr. JEFFERSON and HI
party, Of which he was the head and no
being able to engraft upon the constitution
any of their lavorite stocks, they sough
by indirecton, by a free and liberal con
StrnCii0n OF its provisions 10 make It mea'
what lis trainers never designed. They
still kept in view their iavorite notions
that the English government was the hes
on earth that the law should take care
the rich and the rich would take care o
the poor; that national debt and ma
tional bank were national blessings; tina
men should have rights in government 1
proportion to their wealth, and that as the.
were not capable of sclf-govcrnmeat, O
no! entitled to the choice of their rulers
they should have president and senate to
life, and the governors Of the states ap
pointed by the general government: an
that distinctions in society ought and mu:
exist, aud be protected and fostered b
law. This party obtained the name
Federalists, being for al energetic ieder'
government, with strong tendency
Capitalization, in reference to which, d
the great controlling power, tie state
were to be but dim stars twinkIing unsee
in their own lesser ornaments, obscure
by the radiance OF their common centre
and restrained or mpellea i'll their cours
of action by its direction only.
The antagonist party received .he nam
of Democrats, which as the name ind
cates-demOs the people, aad hr0teo
govern-cherlshed the idea of ttc1T 81
premacy-looked upon man as the imas
of his creator, and endowed with ceria
inalienab!e rights and capable Of s2,.-so
ernment: that asserted the superiority
mind over wealth: that opposed any di
tlnctions in society but those CT know
ledge and goodness: that sought to pr
mote the creates! good of the create
number: and to establish the rule OF ju
tice By the avowal of the equal rights
all, asserting the sovereignty OF the sta
as entitled to control al H5itunt their ov
affairs, repudiatiug the right of the COZ
mon head to interfere in their concern
and denying the exercise of any power
Congress essential to carry into eltect
granted power-and against nation
Jaht and n national hank These a