Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1840-1842, 1842-08-08
SPEECH OF
nj r. S 7 u A II T,
Or vissisiA,
on THE thrift BILL.
tcoNrInuGp.l

hut will 10 be said that MIR Jefferson changed h
opinions on this subject Where is the evidence
any such change, l maintain that none can be pro
duced. On the contrary, we have the most eoncu
sve proof in his letter to Benjamin Austin, in lsll
that his opinions had become more and more con
frmsd IN favor Of the doctrines Of protection. NJ
Jefferson had IN i7s5, in his rotes Virginia, ex
pressed some upnions adverse to the policy OF ma
nufselufcs in this country. In 1916, when the sub
ieet Of projecting tariff was about to come beior
Congress, his opinions were much relied on by IN
opponents oil that measure; and MIR Austin address
ed letter to Tim informing him OF the fact, an
asking expression Of his sentiments. The follow
log extracts from MIR Jelerson's reply, dated 81
January, 1916:
"you tell the am quoted by those wo wish to eonnu
dependence England for manufactures. There wa
DOR But within the - years which have since epseS
our independent place among nations .ckno~iesed
commerce which offered tue raw material 10 ssshanse
dusiry worthy OF welcome to all nations. II VAS en-
6ee,ed that those especially eoShn of .usi
customers by every vor, and cultivate theif
nrsspect the question seemed legitimate, whether with
immensely Of unmPToyed land counting the hsnt
iaeiures, would add most TO tho national wealth"
Virginia first published when the being open
all nations. thch common right in Ii acknowledge
and OF ALL Il thought that the doubt might claim
consideration We have since ed what we
lid not then believe, that there exists both progacy anu
enough exclude from the field Of Interchange
e ~e %ns .Sres,e them oarseSes We mus,
now place the manufacturer by the side the areuhur
new forni-the grand inquiry now is shall
own comforts. without them at the viii OF foreign
iactrc be for reducing either to dependence
that foreign nation or TO be eothee 10 skins, and live
not ofhose. Exporcn &c has .aush that manu-
our COMFORT and II those who quote me as Of
opinion, will keep with me In purchasing nothing ~,
famed without any regard difference of price, viii
he our fault u We do not have supply home equal tC
hand which has so long wantonly violated H."
Who now will venture to doubt that Mr. Jsffer-
son was advocat tic Of the doctrine Of protection
10 the fullest extent!
ian, to give this full exposition ofthe true opinions
ofMr Jefferson, because have reason to know that
they have been much misunderstood and misreI =
scented, even IN his own State.
The sentiments of MIR Madison, the father Gf the
Constitution and its wisest expoundcr, have been
so frequently expressed in favor OF the principle OF
protection, and are so well known 10 the country,
that do not think II necessary 10 furnish any
tracts fcom his messages recommending the subject
10 the favorable consideration CT Congress In his
latter years, when he had retired IRON the political
arena, and was fcee from all the distracting int
rests of public life, he had occasion TO review the
whole subject, and he embodied his matured OPT.
mons IN two letters, addressed TO Mr. JOS. c Ca
hcii OF virginia, one uateu 18TH september, ISIS
md the other 30ih October, 1898, which contain
probably the most clear and conclusive argument in
favor Of the power of Congress the subject that
has ever been submitted to the publir.
Mr. Monroe and Mr. Adams adopted both lheo
reueallY and practically the same construction oil
the Constitution, and recommc nded and sanciione d
legislative acts TO give effect the principle of pro-
lection in The tariffs OF 1876 1924, and 1928. Thess
sentiments, thus avowed and urged npon Cong ress
10y all the incumbents Of the Executive chair have
nj 10 pslsAf in 81.
legislative department Of the Government; and the
judicial sanction has nso been afforded, in every
form in which the question has been presented TO
the tribunals Of the country for adjudication.
Mr. Calhoun, MIR Lowndes, Gen. Jackson, Mr.
Van Buren,, and almost every distinguished pot-
can OF every party have recorded their votes 10 ia
vor OF the principle, and in 1916 it found upon the
floor oil Congress no champion more able, more ar
dent, more devoted than MIR Calhoun, will plain
ly appear from the following extracts from his
speech in 1916:
Neither ulurc, manufactures nor coinmerc said
mr. Calhoun) taken separately, the Of wealth.
The wealth OF any single nation OF n,iyinai h Is true
may not immediately be derived from the three but
though derived mrO eiiaiely only
TAKEN IA It's most enlarged sense without commerce, n-
would be without The means OF production; and without
ssneuhufc neither OF ,he others could oKsi; when sepl
rated entirely, and permanently they perish. War,
Ia lhs country produces 10 great extent, that
ton; and hence the great follows in its
The the wealth and rcsoutces OF HE ma
ton necessarily involves the ruin OF its finances
currency. Ills Admitted, by the
the other side, that country be dependent
another for lis Of defence, that least our
huske aud bayone our cannon and ball ought to be do
mestc manufacture But what Is necessary the
defence OF country than its currency and finance Cir.
cnuscfbcd as our country the the shock
war Behold the effect OF the war on them When
they sooE WILL under the fostering Of government
We will no longer experience those evils. The farmer will
OF almost equal consequence certain and cheap supply
:" az wants HIS prosperity VII diuse Itself TO every
class OF the community"
Having described the effect or war upon our in.
dustry and currency, its obsrue ion to the expor-
tntiOn of our bulky articles, while demand would
continue Tor foreign articles 10 lie supplied through
The policy of the enemy unlawful traffic-re
suting IN drain Of our specie 10 pav ihs balance
Psrpeiuay aeeunlEIaifng agaisl u.s. he proceeded 10
say:
ITO this distressing OF things there are two rene
dec, and only two; one In power Immediately, the
inting, his pnion essential policy OF this county
Hc the nary and domestic ufaefHss by the
eT re Sr G11 S SRe1 s ocean, and ara
'se fhtHI ia our otsn soil"
Having spoken of the efec, Of war in giving
existence TO manufactures, and in bringing them 10
some degree Of maturity, he said 4:
"But will doubt DO said, II they are go FAR establish
ed andf the situaon Of the country favorable their
uoni II u 10 pat them 6,yoad The rsGeh Of eoEfipg eRey
There is but one other authority to which will
refer sustaining the constitutionaty OF the pro.
tectye principle, and | will then pass 10 the consi
deration OF another branch Of the subject. / al.
ludc TO the message OF President Jackson, TO Con-
gtess, on the 7th December, 1880. In that paper
the whole argument is condensed into the narrow
est possible lins, and presented with force that
cannot be resisied-he says!
'Tle power impose duties on Imports originally be.
Ionged TO the several States The right 10 adjust these
duties with view 10 tie announcement Of domestic
branehes n industry. is completely Incidental TO that
without Tie other The States have delegated the
whole authority imports 20 the General Government
whhoui Limitation restriction, saving the very incous
defable ioseTN aon relating 70 their Inspection laws Til,
authority having thus entirely passed frtG the States tie
Tsh 10 exercise for the purpose Of protection does
exist tnthei and consequently u be not pOssessed by
the General Government, must be oxiinc'. OR poi
cal system wond thus present The anomaly OF a people
striped Of the right 10 foster their own Industry and la
cnnicraot The selfish and destructive poIicy whir
might hc adopted 10y foreign nations This surely cannot
be The case. This Indispensable power thus surIcudoIed
tic subject expressly delegated 10 Congress H. this con
clusiOn Confirmed, well by the opinions of PTrs
lave, EACH repeatedly recommended the exercise Of this
Ight under the Constgion by the uniofm practice of
congress Tie continued acq1cscence of the Ea'es END
1he general understanding Of TIC people,
With this review OF tho opinions Of the Father,
81 the Republic, and Of the reasons upon which
they are founded. leave IL for the committee onc
the country to decide whether am departing from
the true principles ofhe Constitution IN giving ~,
support TO measure intended primarily 10 raise re-
venue for the Government, and incidentally TO Of
ford protection to American industry.
will proceed, now, Mr. Chairman, TO meet SOM
of the more prominent objections 10 the exercise
the protective power, drawn from consideration. o
eEpedieney.
Many gentlemen have treated this subject MS IL j
were mere sectional question; struggle between
the North and tho South. For my part, look 10
in NsfTr