Bloomington herald. [volume] (Bloomington, I. T. [Iowa]) 1840-1849, 1842-12-23
WHOLE NO. liz.


grown ont of the disposition directed BY law
to be made Of the mineral lands held Nv the
| government in several of the States. The goy-
eminent is constituted the landlord, and the
citizens Of the States wherein lie the lands.
are the tenants. The supply Of the ore would
be more certainly and abundan,ly furnished
when 10 be drawn from the enterprise and the
industry OF the proprietor, than under the pres
| ent system.
The recommendation OF the Secretary in
regard to the improvement Of the western wa
tiers and certain prominent harbors on the lakes,
merit, and doubt not, will receive your seri-
Gus attention. The great Importance Of those
subjects to the prosperity Of the extensive re-
glon referred to, and the security Of tho whole
country IN time Of wa. cannot escape obser-
walton. The losses Of life and property which
annually occur in the navigation of the Mis-
| sissippi alone, because of the dangerous oh.
struc,icns in the river, make loud demand
| upon Congress for the adoption OF efficient
measures for their removal.
| The Report of the Secretary of the Navy
will make you acquainted with that important
branch of the public defences. Considering
| the already vast and daily increasing COM
lnerce of the country, apart from the exposure
| 10 hostile lnroad OF all extended seaboard, all
that relates to the Navy is calculated to excite
| particular attention. Whatever sends to add
to its efficiency. without en.ailing unnecessary
charges upon the Treasury is we'll worthy Of
| your consideration. 1t will be seen that while
| an appropriation exceeding by less than mil.
lion the appropriations of the present year, is
| asked by the Secretary. yet that in this sum is
proposed to be included $i0O,00 for the pur-
chase Of clothing. which, when once expend-
ed, will be annually reimbursed by the sale of
the clothes, and will thus constitute perpe,-
| uai FUND, without any new appropriation TO
the same object. 10 this may also be added
| $4,000 asked to cover the arrearages Of past
years. and S250,0OO in order to maintain
| competent squadron on the coast Of Africa: all
Of which when deducted will reduce the ex-
penditures nearly within the lmi, Of those of
the current year. While however, the expen-
dltures will thus remain very nearly the same
as OF the antecedent year, it is proposed to add
greatly to the operations Of the Marine, and
In lieu of only 25 ships in commission, and
but little in the way Of building, to keep, with
the same expenditure, Ill vessels af1oat, and
TO build twelve ships of small class.
A strict system of accountability is estab-
| Iished, and great pains are taken to insure in.
dustry. fidelity and economy. in every depart
men, of duty. Experiments have been ins,i-
luted TO test the quality Of various materials,
particularly copper, iron and coal, so as to pre-
vert IldHO aH0 Imposition.
| 1t will appear by the Repor, of the POST
masrer General that the great point which for
several years, has been so much desired, has,
during The current year, been fully accomplish
ed. The expenditure Of the Department, for
the current year, have been brought within its
income without lessening its general useful
ness. There has been an increase Of revenue
equal TO Sl66,O for the year 1912 over that
OF !o4l, without as it is believed, any addition
having been made to the number of letters and
newspapers transmitted through the mails
The Post Office laws have been honestly adj
ministered, and fidelity has been observed in
accounting for and paying over, by the subor-
dinaes Of the Department, the moneys which
have been received. For the details Of the
service, refer you to the report.
flatter myself that the exhibition thus made
of the condition Of the public administration
will serve to convince you that every proper
attention has been paid tc the interests of The
country by those who have been called to the
heads of the different Departments. The rec
duclion in the annual expenditures Of the gov
eminent already accomplished. furnishes a
sure evidence that economy in the application
| Of the public moneys, is regarded as para
mount duty.
At peace with all the wo1ld-the personal
liberty of the citizen sacredly maintained. ard
his rights secured under political institutions
deriving all their authority from the direct
sanction of people-with soil fertile almost
beyond example; and country blessed with
every diversity Of climate and production.
what remains 10 be done in order to advance
the happiness and prosperity OF such people!
Under ordinary circumstances. this inquiry
could readily be answered. The best that
propably could be done for a people inhablting
| hat fort fu fhoIr
| and security in the prosecution of their various
nursuits, by guarding them against invasion
| from without, and violence from within. The
rest, for the greater part. might be lett to their
| own energy and enterprise. The chief embar-
rassment which at the moment exhibit them
selves, have arisen from over-actlon; and tho
| most difficult task which remains to be accom-
pished, is that Of correcting and overcoming
| its effects. Between the years 1888 and 1883,
| additions were made to bank capital and bank
issues, ia the form Of notes designed for clrcu-
| ation, to an extent enormously great. Inc
question seemed to be. not how The best cur
| rency could be provided, but in what manner
the greatest amour, Of bank paper could be put
in circulation. Thus vast amount OF what
was called money-snce. for the time oelns'
| i answered the purposes Of money-was
| thrown upon the country, an issue whicn was
attended, as necessary consequence. by an
ex,rayapant increase of the prices OF all articles
Of properly, the spread Of a speculative mania
All over the country, and has finally ended in
a general Indebtedness on the par, Of State:
and individuals, the prostraton Of public and
private credit, depreciation in the market val
ne Of real and personal estate. and has LETT
large districts Of country almost entirely with
out any circulating mcdlum. In view OF inc
fact that in 1880 the whole bank note circnia-
- nrn