New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1842-09-24

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and perpetual were :oreseen by Thomas Jefferson
thrtyslx years ago, when, il Lis Message OF 1906,
| he urged that in view OF an unprecedented excess
OF Revenue, the Surplus 5c distributed 70 the
States . Shall ICE, says he, suppress Tic tp,-
post and gre tiGt Cdranta &c to the Foreign ocer
| tie Domestic Manufacturer PATRIOTISM a-ould
certainly prefer It's continuance and Us appfiea-
ton & he great purposes of the Pusllc EpucA-
TON. RolDs. RIVERS, CANALS" &c. SC. This
recommendation was urgently renewed in his Meg
sege of 1908 Alas, for the difference between the
Democracy of that day, ard that which now
vauuts itself lis lneal successor, and lives on the
strength Of its pedigree But again; n 1880
Gen Jackson recommended Distribution Of the
Surplus Revenue 10 the States, and secuted rs 1t
deserves the absnrdy that tins would tend to cor
rupt them. or weaken neutrality-suspicious.. twas
only when HENRY CLAY, in 1882, devised the
happy expedien; of avoiding all Constitutional
difficulty or scruplc, by simply restoring 20 the
States the Proceeds of the Public Lands-which
had been yelnquishcd by them TO tie Federal GSv-
eminent 10 great public responsibility, (the
Debt Of the Revolution which has long since
been extinsuishcd-it was not till then that our
opponents fcsnd it expediens TO raise the war-egy
OF Auti-D Distribution Had the author OF this rro-
lee; been Benton or Calhoun how profound had
still been the sluRber OF the amazing discovery
that j. is unconstitutional 10 restore TO The States
the ayails OF sacred trust the necessity of re-
tanning which has long since been at an end
But we demand tee Land Distribution from
high considerations OF unadins Pubic Good 1t
the Land Proceeds are placed in the Treasury and
expended the same as other funds. every yenr will
diminish the extent, and very soon tue va.ae. OF
this vast National heritage. Like the savage who
cuts down the tree obtain the fruit--hke the
prcdIgal heir who sells off his ancestral acres TO
replenish his cellars and h. table. constantly de-
stroving bis means OF subsistence, we shall awake
1T some fu,,re day to perceive with shame and re-
morse that we have squandcred the MODEST patsi-
NOM ever inherited by man, and have nothing to
show fer 1t but records OF our thoushtlcssness and
folly. But let the Wing policy prevail AID becar-
ried Quiet the annual proceeds of this vast and
fertile domain be apportioued to the States, and
bv them employed in the construction OF Internal
Improvements. OF which the income shall be sacred
to the caase OF Education, and then every year will
add TO, rather than diminish, the value OF our Ma
uonal estate. Every mile OF Canal or ltailroad
thus constructed Will increase, directly, the value
of the Lands, sold and unsold; every dollar OF IN
come from these works, being devoted to Educa-
ton, will increase the value of this and ell other
Real Property. by increasing the intelligence and
virtue OF the People. Thus does true and far
sighted policy Justify itself in every portion of its
incidents and well as its ultimate consequences.
And yet again: the Distribution is necessary TO
preserve the rights of the Old States IN the Public
Lands from direct and virtual spolat0n. The
Legislature Of Missouri has, twice at least, solemn
ly asserted that all the Public Land within each
OF the States belonged, not at all TO the whole Tn
lot h,,, ip,r,y ot Re
Inherent sovereignty, Sucl doctrines ATE widely
popular throughout the West. Twice or thrice has
Senator Benton carried reary through Congress a
dill to graduate, as the velvet term is, tie price
OF the Public Lunds-that s. to reduce the price
TO one dollar, three quarters, half, a quarter,
successfully at intervals of five years from their
survey and exposure to purchase, and then TO cede
what remains to the States in which they respec-
lively lie The inevitable effect OF the success Of
this project will be to destroy ut one blow the
tire value of the Lands TO the Union Nobody will
buy at one dollar, lands which he can securely &C.
cupy without buying, and which in few years he
may buy, if he chooses, for twenty-five cents
Thus the lands are irreuieva6ly lostto the Union.
So of MIR. Calhouhs plan of ceding all these lands
to the several States containing them, 10 BIZ sold
cut by them mt the halves. Who is to be security
for Illinois Mississippi. or Michigan, that the half
would be paid Has not each, older and more
urgent creditors whom she never intends 10 pay
Would such debt be held peculiarly sacred in
view of the opinions extensively propagatcd In the
West that the New S lates are the righlful owners
Of the Lands Be not deceived, fcIlow-citizens,
nor Iulied into a eaden Sleep Unless truer APP
probation of the value of your interest iii the Pub
lie Lands, reader disposition TO assert and main
tain it, serner indignation against those ~ho
are plotting to aeaate it, are manifested by you
than hitherto then it is idle to nope for its pro-ery
ation.
Your immense patrimony will be bartered away
by some eastern man with western principles
some reckless ntrigler for the Presidency who is
ready 20 pay any price out Of your pocket for his
elevation There Will arise State bidding against
State for immigrants by reducing the price OF
Lands to shilling or siXPence peracre, caus-
ing depopuaton and impoyershment Of the old
States, and unhealthy, petnicious oycrfunnlns OF
the new; the monopoly of immense tracts b. cap
itali-ts and spectators, and the creation OF vast
estaJeS covered at length "lth dependent tenan-
try instead Of tie small lrecholders and indepen-
dent yeomanry which have sprung up nnder our
admirable Public Land system These evils are
even now imperding let il rot be said that Re-
publics never look beyond the present moment in
tie adjustment Of their policy.
The last great National topic to which we So
licit your attention Is tina, Of the CUNKEacY Will
any man pretend that this is what IT should
be VIII any business affirm tnat it IS now
as sound convenient and psetal that of 1880,
when General Jackson Undertook 10 Z" better III
We cannot believe any will. Whe, then is the
natural inference? Have we NOT tried expert
m-nt after experiment for improvement and TO
for the steadness, TO say nothing Of the seundness,
OF our present circulating medium? Il the nature
or amount Of The currency regulated at all by the
wants Of the whole Union? Can any man de-
spatch $1,000 by mailfrom the Western States and
ha rr II nav Slnlll In NeM-Ynrls OF Rnsrnn2 If he