Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1842-09-27

IMPORTS AND CONSUMPTION FER HEAD
Imports. Consumption
1922 to lasS inclusive aSo" SAL oOo 1920 GOO
Per head of population, yearly about "a a or o 10 W
D. hs nj n.ay IS OoI s 20
Since a hrh Tariff c-s ono ooo .oo ooo coo
Per head 70 5 Go
1894 to lsi A'"7 '""' lu4,OnOco $751; 600
Per head ~ wv Q w
Exports domestic increase of, when the duties were
low-l19O 10 I795-increasc nearly 100000 900
Duty increased, and other taxes-lEo 10
1e00-iesSened ',ooo,ooo
Tariff modified, and other taxes lowered
$500 10 lcO5-ncreased ll,OOU,UUu
CONNER cia restIiciions-1SO5 to lelU-no
ehannf, by increase or dimnutiop.
War-lSI0 10 lSl5-increased very little 3,0OO,OOO
Peace and duty not high the last three
years 1915 TO lS20-increased O,0oo0O0
Tariff low, except the last year-le20 to
lsg3-;nereased 100000
Tariff Liyhes-1s25 TO 1s30-iessened 1000, 900
Tariff !owered-lS30 TO le35-increased 4l,OU0,OOO
Tariff lower still-lS35 to lsi0-ncreased l300O0OO
The increase from lS20 10 1890, under the highest
Tariff was only about eight millions but from Ic30 to
lao, under low Tariff, The increase exceeded fifty
four millions Indeed, such has been the impulse I'M
parted 10 these under the low Tariff Of the last eight
or len wears that have become the second com.
merca power in the world So far from returning 10 the
Chinese prohbtory system and abandoning all, or most
foreign trade; initiating the highest protective country
in Europe which, by such policy has made the grass
grow in the streets Of SPAIN and stripped il oil commerce
and navy and sunk ii from first to third rate power
in Christendom-s II not far better to push onward
those high destines which Nature, habit and POSITION
have long indicated 10 be the results OF our a5rcul
tuTe and commerce "a territory extensive and fertile
beyond ina gination, 10 feed increasing population
and furnish ample exports for oges and length OF
seacoast rivers and lakes, which give seanen, ves
sufficient in few more uhlsskgf1eu $e, to mare Us
first every ocean, and foremost the GLOBE with
means for naval defence and naval glory.
Rather than check this spirit by discourngements,
such az ore directly introduced in this bll taxing Tor
the first time in many years the sheathing copper for
our ships raising higher than in 1877 the duties
on cordage restricting the period of drawback, and
imposing transit duty on what IS re exported ;
and then attempting to prevent our country from be-
| coming like Venice, Genoa, and Holland formerly
the de pot for all nations and giving thus much ad
dona employment to our yesses;-raiher than ira vel
back and shut ourselves up in terrapin shes-lel
US pause.
How can our ship.buding and navigation be e1-
pectcd to compete with the English and German, u
pressed down with these determinations against
ii: with larger all works up, and all lis
workmen consume, and shortened period for re.ex-
porntion and direct tax this kind OF carrying
trade of21 per cent: No, Sir. The opposite course
will make us what we hive ever glored 10 be-,he
friends Of true freedom in every thing commendabe.
Our example 10 this in politics, ard in our Conslltu-
ton as religion and The press will be tanshed if we
hesitate 10 carry it out also in fiscal and CONNER
cial policy.
OF VIVA, use is equal freedom in elections, if are
to have equal freedom in tsxes-cqnnl freedom IN
proe cinn-equal freedom in trade' This asks no ex-
emption from equal taxes, and equal burdens OF all
kinds But every gh restrictive duty on imports, as
we'll every additional duty TO The materials used IN
ship building, consumed by it's worknen ond navI.
gators not only Encouragement 10 commerce, but,
If xclnsiyn tends 10 mike tributary 10
manufactures, and parayzes our exertions TO become
the principal carriers for the world The ancient no.
Bile spirit IN our statesmen, by which that ambition
was promoted, in struggling TO establish the doctrine
that free ships made free g0ods-and even IN wagiDg
war the powerful nation OF the globe for free
trade and sailors righs-and afterwards offering reci'
prccal treaties Of commerce TO all mankind-was wor-
thy OF the poudest dnys of the best republics in any
age 1t open, confident, mani y; and has helped 10
cover our country with substantial wealth, and unpre
cedented improvements.
Let not, then, retrogade, and pass such partial,
restrictive, and anti commercial bill as this, and disa-
bic ourselves forever from standing forth as the cham
pons Of the free trade principle Let Us not check IN
any way, the expansion Of that commerce which has
proved 10 country not only enrching, but
cvizng; and which by our private enterprise, as
well as our public expeditions, is making US discover
ers of new islands, if continents, and the pioneers
in establishing nore-the reign of peace, the arts and
religion in many Of The Iemotest isles Of the Pacific
our vessels from the ocean, and blight the inducements
10 agricultural enterprise but il will aim fatal blow
at the best foundations ui all national offences and
national independence
Our army will then lose half its energies and muscle,
as it will be manned BY starving and feeble manufuc.
turers driven in the revusions which their pursuits
exposed to enlist find refuge in the almshouse.
Our navy will be cripple and dismaned; for, without
commercial MARINE there cnn lie navy; and, with
palsed commerce, ships Of will have TO be
manned by the enfeebled artzans rather than the
healthy bodies, strong arms, and lion hearts, who have
spent their youth the mountain wave breahed the
pure almosp herc Of hills sand valleys.
Considerations like these show tha if there is to be
any partial high projection for particular pursuits, it
should be in favor of agriculture and commerce, and
against manufactures, rather than the reverse. Those
engaged in agriculture, too, always have the to
livr when their surplus Will sell home or broad;
but manufacturers, such repnsions cannot eat their
cloths iron and must usually fy for existence to the
orhouse, and be fed the grain and meat OF
the unprotected and unfavored farmer.
The next step will be equally inconsistent with
our true national character and policy, but in strict
cordance with this bIllthat u.s. 10 impose high duties
on foreign laborers well foreign merchandise
What, Sir. we, whose revolutionary victories were
won, in part, by foregners-by The Lafnyettcs, the
Paul Joneses The Koscuskos and Steubens- prate
about our being inundated by The cheap laborers,
we'll as the cheap labor Of Ireland Germany and Eng
land we, whose forests have been felled, whose
nails Dug and railroads aid-whose bridges, and forts,
and public buildings (of which we are SO boastfuD
erected by workmem from abrond-will next seek to
exclude from our shores this very foreign labor.
Where this onti-liberal and anticommercal spirit
may end-whcther in some debased bondage TO castles
and classes like Egyptand India, in military des
pot;s 10 quell those who dare like our brethren in
of,he Eastern States, try to be ffeefree in equal