New-York tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1841-1842, 1842-03-25
a. Cicero's Academia.
b. Ancient Clill-now inland.
c. Terrace Of Submarine deposits
a. Temple Of JuDitpr Srrapjs.


Terrace of Submarine deposits
d. Temple ofJupitor Scraps.
L will now mention the lnapncr in which this
temple Of Jupiter Scraps was discovered In ira
Yelling along this terracc-which corresponds so
exactly to that the ether sidc-somc antiquaries
IN l1!9, examining all the localities, conceal
ed among some copse wood, the upper part of
three columns-scvera feet above the ground
Ihcy were struck with the circumstances, and de-
termined To remove The copsp They did So and
began 10 dig dow, to sec how far the columns ex-
tended Ihcy dug down, accordingly, ten, twenty
and thirty feet, and still found these great shafts /:
Al forty feet they found nobo,tom; but at torty-six
feet they came to the pcdctaIs. which these CO.
I'lnns stood. They werc buried ii this cnor-
nous depth! and when they had completed their
digging, they found large pavement, seventy feet
IN diameter level at thu base Of the columns
Having found this. and still continuing to clear
away. they discovered large quadrangular build
ing the roof Of which had been supported by forty
Sin ot these magnificent columns, of which half
We're granite, and the rest marblc-thc marble in
each case being single block, whole from top to
bottom. Now, in attempting to account for this.
you might At first perhaps suppose that tie tenn
pie was buried like Pompeii, which was over
rimed hya shower oil mud and l,hcs-and
was, after more=t than fifteen centuries, 'liseatomb
ed, and animmense ampnithcaire dug OF; and cy
posed To view. You might thinl, that this temple
OF jupiter Scraps was thus buried. being in the
region OF the Volcano Of Soliatara, OF which an
eruption occurred in l49 Bu we tnd thai some
OF the beds, which have been dug through, contain
| marine shells, and fragments OF works like these /
mentioned as having been found III the terrace on
the other side of Puzzuoli, and the situation OF the
temples thai represented in the drawing Cd. y
| In cndeavoring too 10 account for the burial OF
this temple by the rising and sinking OF the sea,
you have ilrst 10 suppose, as the Temple was butt
above ground, that the SCI, first went ,lowl--t0r
the presence of marineremanS III the. lowest strait.
shows this then that it carried up agaiE.-
| BUTT is evident that in reality the temple was
built above the water-that it wen; down and was
buried III the sea, and that again ii was raised
You may think all tins very difficult 10 believe but
there are still greater wonders to=;lccouni Tor, and
winch can be satisfactorily explained, when You
come TO eNalnlRc the building.
The marble columns have becN examined. For
the iirst twelve feet from the bottom they are
smooth and uniniurcd--ust as they were originally
IN the interior of tn, temple. shall not stop IL
discuss the opposite opinions a 10 theli>e TO which
this temple was put. 1t is generally called the
temple of Jupiter ScrapiS-ffom the ornaments
found in il. The hot baths are found alSo-and
hot springs which sill flow from the ruin. J
Above th. point Is /. zone OF aboUt@u!ne feet per
toratcd " I.ythodomi. kind Of marine biyalye
which has the power OF pcrtoratins rocks ne
upper, part OF the column is smooth having only
marks OF its exposure to the weather
These animal, which have thus perforated the
columns are a species called A{Jgtilns Lythophs-
yus-or s,onc-calins myuScas. y diver At the Bay
of Gcaoa once told me that some years before he
had thrown to the bottom piece OF black marble
to be bored by these animals: ! prevailed upon
t him 10 90 out in boat. dive down TO the bottom
ard bring up the marble. 1t was filled with these
! ShcllS-abou; the length o; Your finger, buried IL
the solid rock /, has long been difficult 10 con
ccivc how these tender shells and the still more
tender animals that inhabii them should be able 10
thus ca, holes in the solid rock. 1t was supposed
by some tia, they had the power Of turning arosnd
on an axis, and that thus the Shells >craped out
the hole. like Il file. But tender are the shells
that this seems impossible. If we suppose Tho
animals 70 >ecyctp an acid capable Of eating away
carbonate of i;inc OF which the marble Is com
posed the question; will occur why should nor ths
acld cat up the shells which are made Of ;le
substance But we may we'll suppose that
tcenle acid may act on the rock and cat into tn,
shell which contains the living aninal-e4pecially
when rccollect that the shell Is covered By al
EpidcrniS or skin. upon which the acid Will no
act.1, Is probable thar as they grow large-to
the hole they make at first is snalI-,hcv are ena
bled 10 eat away the calcareous matter BY ascharg
ing the acid thev secrete They have drilled int
the columns pear-shaped, cylindrical cavities which
i, must have required considerable time to exca
vate Their numbers great. and they hay,
SO eaten into the columns TO diminish their aia