The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1842-04-05


necessary for exchange and circulation.
The fourth advantage attending the adoption Of
The system proposed will be that the States will be
left in the und lstutbod possession Of the land fund
| secured 10 them by the act OF the last session ,
and which was Intended to aid them in the embar
rassmenis under which some of them are now la
boring.
And tho last is that TO which have ulrcudy nd
vered, viz that will afford indirectly protection
to the interests Of American industry. And The
most bitter and persevering opponent 10 the protec
tive policy ever met with has never denied that
il is both the right and the duty Of Government so
TO lay the taxes necessary 10 tho public service as
to afford incidental protection 10 our own home
Industry.
But it is said that by The adoption Of one fixed
arbitrary maximum Of al vaom duty, we shall
not derive that measure Of protection which is ex-
pected and admit that there may be certain arti'
cles The mechan nrtssuch for example ,as shoes
hats, and ready made clothing, and sugar ,ron,and
pepper some or all of which may not derive the
protection which they need under the plan pro-
pose. On that subject can only say, what SAID
at the time Of The passage of the compromise act,
some few articles shall not prove 10 be sufciently
protected beneath the established maximum rate,
should hope that in the spirit OF harmony and
compromise, additional duties above that rate ,sufii
cient to afford reasonable protection to those lew
articles by general consent would be imposed.
am not at present prepared to say whether the rule
have suggested will afford adequate protection 10
these particular interests or not; fear II may
not. But il the subject shall be looked at in the
spirit of patriotism, without party bias or local in
huences it will be found that the lew articles allu-
dcd to distributed or are Of such a mature as
to furnish the grounds of u friendly adjustment
The interests of the sugar of the South may Then
be set against the iron Of the centre and the pro.
ductions of the mechanic arts, which, although pre-
valling every where, are most concentrated al the
North. With respect IL these, without reference
to any general system of psoectioh they have been
at all times protected And who that has heart,
or the sympathies Of man, can say or feel that
hatters, talors, and shoemakers, should not be
protected against the rival productions of other
countries? Who would say that the shoemaker,
who makes the shoes of his wfe-hs own wife
according to the proverb, being the last woman in
tho parish that is supplied with hers-shali not be
protected? That the tailor, who furnishes him
W it'll a new coat or the halter, that makes HIM
new HAT, TO go TO church, To attend a wedding or
christening,or to visit his neighbor shall not be ad
equately protected?
Then there is The essential article OF lron-that
is great central interest Whether it will require
n higher degree Of protection han it will receive
from such system as have sketched, have not
sufficient Information 10 decide; but this am pre-
pared to say, that, question will be with the Rep
resenatves OF those States which chiefly ner-
esed and, il their iron is not sufficiently protected,
they must take the matter up and make out their
TO be an exception to the general arrangement
When speak OF the Representatives of these
States, mean their entire delegation, without re-
gard 10 political denominations or distinctions -
They must look into the matter, and il they take
itup and bring forward their propositions, and
make out clear case of exception TO the general
rule, shalt be an humble follower oil their lead,
bu, will not myself take tho lead in any such
case IL these States want certain interests profec
ted, they must send delegates here who are pro-
pared to protect them. Such State cannot reas
onably expect Senators from ether States, having
no direct, local or particular concern in such in
teress, to force her the protection Of her own
interests against her VIII, and as that will is
officially expressed by her Representatives. IN Con
gress. | again say, lam ready to follow,bu wii
not lead.
yT:,l. i A Il a.,
idea OF creating at home, protection tor the pro
duciion of " haever is needed to supply the wants
of man,up TO this moment,it has always been pure
~ question Of expediency l never could cons
prehend the constitutional objection which to some
gentlmen seems so extremely obvious. could
comprehend, to be sure, what these gentlemen
mean to argue but never had the least belief in
the constitutional objection which slept from l7S9
(or, rather, which reverses the doctrine OF l7S9D
till il Suddenly walked up in 1920. Then, for the
first time since the existence OF the Constitution,
was tho doctrine advanced that could not legit-
imately afford any protection to our home industry
against foreign and adverse industry. say that
with me il was always question of expedieucy on
ly If the nation doesnot want protection certainly
never would vote TO force it upon the nation; but
viewing il as n question of expediency wholly,
have not hesiiated heretofore, the broad and
comprehensive ground of expedency, to give my
assent to all suitable measures proposed with
view to that end
The Senate will perceive that have forborne
to go into detail, especially in regard to the urgen
cy of reform and renchment, with one two
exceptions. have presented TO it system of
policy embodied IN these resolutions containing
those great principles in which believe that the
interest, prosperity and happiness Of the country
are deeply principles, the adoption of
which alone place the finances OF the Govern
ment upon respectable footing, and FREQ us from
condition Of sclvile dependence the legislation
of foreign nations. have persuaded myself that
the system now brought forward will be met in
spirit Of candor and patriotism, and in the hope
that, whatever may have been the differences In
the Senate in days past, we have now reached
period in which we can forget our prejudices and
agree TO bury transient animosities at the foot
Of the altar of our common country, and come to
gether assembage OF friends and brothers and
mpatrots met IN common consultation to devise
the best mode of relieving the public distress. 1t
is in this spirit have brought forward my propo
sed plan; and trust in God--invoking, as hum
bly, do, the aid and blessing of His providence :
that tho Senators, all sides of the Chamber, will
lay aside all party feelings, and moro especially
that habitat suspicion 10 which we are all more or
less prone, land from which profess not to be ex
etnpted more than other menu that mpels us TO
REJECT without examination and TO dstrust what
ever proceeds from quarter we have been in the
bab;t If n,osuu Lat us Law aside prejudice: let