Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1840-1842, 1842-04-16
FROM WARRINGTON.
Correspondence OF the Baltimore Patriot
o.. WASHINGTON, April 8.

The TaTF-Rsas0is for ms'0 dAh s-P'os'e'toH-
Rate Pf duly proposed by the Committee On .Nanu-
yseiEes-S Duhss-IiOms IaluanOn-
Important Standardized, Cotton, Iron, Shoes,
Boots, SC. Sc.
Yesterday sent you the bill prepared by the
Committee on Manufactures in the House OF Re
representatives., and to-day add TO that bill an ana
lysis of the very important report which aecompa-
MES 1t. The report was drawn up by MIR Saton
stall, the Chairman Of the Committee, and is avery
able document The whole report makes one hun
cred pages, but this includes IN appendix, which
gives IN detail what is embraced in the first twenty
pages OF the report. The report, after stating the
mode of action in the Committee, sets out with the
tact, tina, We have Indebtedness Of seventeen or
eighteen millions Of dolla,s,-that the average ex.
pendiure for 81, rs, '39 and 40 was nearly S2s,
ooo,ooo.-thHt the expenditure for lsiI was s26,.
oi,i1i,-ihat the estimates of the present year
arc ACKNOWLEDGEMENT the deficit at the end Of the
present year will re Sli 0OO, eOO If no more an.
preparations arc made than expenditures proposed
In the opinion Of the Committee, the smallest
amount oil expenditure. including the payment OF
interest upon the Loan and Treasury notes for the
present year, will be 20 or S27, 600 900.
The dutlable imports is the next subject consi-
dered. by statement from the Treasury, eShi.
biting the value of merchandise imported annually,
from 1884 10 iSi0 inclusive after dedueting the re-
explorations, It appears that the average amount,
which would have been subject to n duty of 20 per
cont and upwards, undes the act OF illh OF Sep
TENDER, ISL was drawbacks on refined sugar.
&c, dCducedl abou; s9i 200, 900, on which the es.
tnated amount OF duty at, 30 per cent. IS S26 SEQ
SS2, and the estimated duty articles payius lass
than % per cent duty IS $4,000. The average
value Of merchandise free OF duty, under the same
act, vas Sl9 ss6SS as appears W An annexed ia
be. The fluctuations in those years were very
great; the amount 10 1886 SlS5, So, SIS more
| than double that OF 1910. which was S66 i67 SIS
and nearly double the importation &C 1855 $50
95S,O65. \ larger rropcr ION OF the dcbtwaS proba.
! by incurred IN lS56 than m any othc. year, and
our imports in that year reached tie enut n,ous
J amount of SlS9 9s0,035.
After stating that existing lsws nro altogether in
efficient to yield an adequate revenue, re,ad:ust.
ment Of the Tariff, is proposed. In continuing the
report. the commi;ee submit the following question
! IN relation TO the home vaua ton
Can q substitute I've provided which shall have n
uniform operation m different por'S and which will
be an cqutabo basis fur the assessment OF duri,s2
This question has received he attention OF he com
mttee. They have endeavofcd 10 devise one. or 10
learn, fiom other sources, some mode by which
such vSlu s'i)n may be made.
The substitute tor n luersi home vlusiion, which
has been most frequently suggested is the addition
Of certain per ceniase to the foreign cost-as To
how much the witnesses vary-some placing il NJ } !
and Others IS high as 20 or 50 per Cent ACCORDING
to their vows ofihe intention OF the law, and whe,h
! er the duty itself should enter INTO the valae To
this mode there obvious objections Il would b.
extremely unequal on different articles, as the
charges OF impoTtat ons differ essentially; and be.
Sides great, perhaps the greatest object tNrect-
/ "a from home valuation 1.-THE prevention OF fr,ud)
would Toe defeated, as the assessment O. duties on
reniiy be based on tho foreign cost, OF value, as
heretofore.
Anolher suggestion was To auth RYE tic Sscreta.
I ? q the Treasury be Naft
Of goods al y. York, or at two or three different
ports Tor one or more years from their sales and 10
et1' li>h thct as The custom house valuation. This
though not impractcabe, would confer respon-
sbiiity ola legislative character on Secretary of
the Treasury, which he could not desire, and the
eTpedicrcy Of which may well be doubted
Another system oil home valuation has been PRO.
posed; VIII ca Is, 10 nix the value of dutable articles
or the most important of them, IN the oct. THIS.
II is understood now under the consideration Of n
committee in the Senate. Should they succeed in
their efforts, enl such valuation be established the
bill now reported may be made TO conform to II
withou; difficulty.
Under these circumstances, the committee have re
ported bil imposing duties, part ad "a loren and
n part specific, making Just and necessary discri-
limitations IN The rate, without any change in the
mode OF valuation; but with additional provisions
for the prevention Of frauds and urdervaluatons.
The authority OF the President IN favor Of dscr,.
minat on IS then given and endorsed The follow.
ng pragraphs are important, as embracing the
plans oil action and the motives thereto which have
characterized the committee in their arduous lasots
They say;
The impos, system of the United States has been.
from the irsi act IN 1859. and especially since
I lSl6, so Intimately connected with the grow and
protection OF American capital and labor as IN have
raised up great national interests which have be
come indispensable TO the prosperity OF The country
and the destruction OF which would spread cilamirv
over us whole extent. They have grown IN under
n. q In vTs
o.her great Interests OF the nation.
And II IS impossible 10 .egIslate on this subject
without affecting these interests and all other eye,t
interests, for good or for evil such Is the necessary
connexlon between the regu auon of duties and ali
the great departments OF industry.
Tie committee, It IS added, have proceeded 10 the
discharge OF this duty with thorough conviction
and under the deepest impression that ell interests
OF tie p,ope, IN every portion Of the country.
and that all the people OF the country, in every
sechoh o. y, are ahe entitled TO equa! notice and
regard, by rs legislators.
Inc result OF their inquiries is the necessity of
DISCRIMINATION IN the imposition Of duties. They
believe IN the first place, that discrimination is ne.
cessary for the purpose Of revenue which is the |
great and primary object IN the adjustment of The
tariff. They believe, with the Secretary Of The
treasury, that % cannot be regarded as wise by
any portion OF the country, ns permanent system
Of policy, to augment the amount Of revenue whom
iurtner eNisencles require such augmentation bv
~ rs va N"ut7 OF all urIccs lrciuuing those Of
apso Ute necessy, TO the foil extent Of 20 ne cent
Tor 20 any ether particular rste) and pressryirg
mat limit, az the same time, as a fixed barrier /
against higher duties on my article whatever"
II IS OBVIOUS that 1t the duty be raised above I
very moderate rate, on articles Of small bulk ard
great value, the object will be defeated. They will
be smugeed. and wholly escape the DUTY. and 3, /
3 equally obvious that Other articles Wi. hear I
higher than the ordinary rate Of duty and thu,
yield sre1ier venue.
Inc three important principles in the bill OF YES
.erday are then given, proyitng-
]. a genera. % yaiorem duty oi thirty per cent. I
" IN r." exceptions where the duty Is on that pm
,iple. f''"
Z. discrimination is made, for the security Of /
'lch interests as cannot be pfeserved uthout r. 7s
We as Tor revenue, by specific duties on yaluatI1ns
bringing TIE duties in some instances below and In
some above the rate Of the general % vllors dutv
an1 h1ng the duty az as low o rae az D. consistent
With The security oi those oil scts
.. as general principle, the duty on The article.
s1olect % such determination IS made 81 lie rs,e,I
~ns 10 1870, titer The deduction NJ fou.tentfs ofth.
excess over taeniy per cent under the ae, Of Mach
= l733' Many departments q industry were athletic
cnhunue N successful opernt,1n under this redyeo.
Nhi1h canno; s1s'ain The great reduction Of Io,.ry
ia5,i hnd winch wOuiI be oversize ned undo, ILL.,.
iul. operation % loot ac,
an aule argument follows in favor a r,o,,e,,,,
pase1 upon The fact tina me manufacture, ra',-y
~ INC Government was expected 20 be o psrr,rs,,
one and oihefWne would never have teso ,,,,.,d
upon Again The habits Of o., f., people. ti. tty.,,
position o. ne country, 'bc investment ol r5rr,,I
ere oil. brought forward % incidental ev,ts,e.. .
iay.r oi The docune Of protection.
The next important matter IN the Rsn,,, b. .,,t.,
No rrn r.r.k