The Madisonian. [volume] (Washington City [i.e. Washington, D.C.]) 1837-1845, 1841-11-02


but so serious was the consequence that he wa
obliged TO renew it, Still, anxious TO prever
the asceDdency Of any one body In India, tn
Parliament in 1893, granted a charter 10 ne'
! company, but the contentious and Jealousies
each soon made il necessary 10 unite them, an
IN l70S the company was established on th
broadcast basis, under the title Of the "Unite
Company of Merchants of England, trading I
the East Indies" In the height Of its power
therefore, il presented the anomalous spectacl
of perfect oligarchy, within an absolute mo
narchy; for the whole Indian territory wa
managed by the Board Of Directors in Leaden
hall street, who made appointments, raised ar
mes, launched navies, and exercised powe
almost as great as that Of the sovereign OF then
ALL The population of the British dependen
cies in Asia, including Afighanistan and Cabul
is l5O,O00,0O0; nearly six times as great as tn,
entire people Of Great Britain, Ireland, and th,
neighbofing islands. The charter of the com
pany is now annulled and free trade has taker
the place of restricted commerce.
| The old systems of monopoly and subjuga
ton and darkness, are passing away, and tn,
day OF education and christianity, of civilization
and commerce, Of free intercourse and interna
Improvements, is breaking from all her mountain
tops and lighting up all her valleys. There is
humanizing process going ON throughout al
| those vast territories The rative population
are gradually yielding 10 many of the industrial
schemes proposed by Government; the agrcul
tural resources Of the country are becoming
every day more developed commerce is seek
ing out every harbor and exploring every
rivers the press has been freed from its censor
ship; steam has carried there its tranforming
power, and new routes to India, through some
OF the most interesting regions Of scripture his
tory, have brought it in close proximity to west
ern Europe.
At the extreme verge of the eastern Henri
sphere we again meet the English flag, floating
over the new, but greatly fourishing Colonies
of Australia. New Holland was discovered by
the Dutch in 1905 but taken possession of IN the
name of England, by Captain Cook, in ITO
January goth, 1888, the first vessel laden with
convicts, arrived at Botany Bay. Since which,
though penal Colony, il has been greatly en-
arged, and is in fiourishing condition. But e
small part OF New Holland has yet been explored;
enough, however, to show its extreme richness
in all that constitutes the natural wealth of a
country, and the time is probably not far distant,
when its millions Of square miles will TEEN with
an industrious and intelligent population. Van
Dieman's Land, close by, is also an English set
clement. The principal towns in Australia, are
Sydney, Bathurst, Paramctta, Windsor, Liver
called South Australia, numbered, January Isl
1890, 5000; January LIST, lS4l, $4,000 In 1896
the number Of vessels which arrived there was
l01; in 1910, the number rose TO 2l2, or 3S, 507
TONS
Pursuing our way into the South Pacific we
arrive at a more recent Colony, in the one
dreaded Islands of New Zealand, to which the
tide of emigration seems to be setting with grea,
rapidly These Islands, two in number, were
also first discovered by the Dutch, in l642, bu,
taken possession of by Cook, in 1869. Their
estimated area is about $4,000 miles. There is
considerable intercourse between these Islands
and New Holland and they promise to be valu.
able accessions to the British Crown. The po
pulalion of Australia and New Zealand is about
| 100000
In South America, we find British Guiana
composed of the former Dutch settlements Of
Essequibo, Demerara and Berbice, with popu-
lation Of 100000.
In the West Indies, the principal of the Bril-
fish Islands is Jamaica; the population of the
possessions of Britain there is about one mil
lion.
Going Northward in the Atlantic, we reach
Bermudas, full Of romantic interest and tradi-
tionary associations. II is the place which
Shakespeare has made the scene of his stirring
play, "The Tempest" 1t is principally valu-
able to England as a naval station for its Ameri-
can feet.
To the North and East Of the United States
lies large body of English territory known I'M
der the various names of Canada, New Bruins
wick, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland, and Cape
Breton, all exceedingly valuable for their pelries
fisheries and lumber. The population of these
places is about 100000 Thus we find tina,
the British Empire in all parts of the world, is
populated by over one hundred and ten millions
of inhabitants, and constantly increasing
Sarannah Georgian.