The Hillsborough recorder. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1820-1879, 1841-07-08

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Sib'iilT q MeLe0d. n eaeEt FKOnsFa'ts
- GsssFnnsnl &C Grsal BFilaiu irsD az
blnns. and. sllhoseh she soiunlsrly 40
slmss he responsibility. very kindly -
svisss hsr fs9m 4. against Der wiU.
In coansxiOn slth he preeetiag mes
oT ne ssbjesi. Il may be sdded. that The
qassson q ne night 70 enter Spa oar ssf.
risory i . paddle sassioa- II srises
between iadspsedens bsdOas. The iadi
tidssls ssacsfncd IN u are mere agents.
and ne prlpcipsls are he 100 Govern
.msnss. llisp0s. fnr me pEsssui purpose.
.mzssrisl 70 inQnirs % whose favor his
.easslien osghi 20 Be deelded. AZ 10 The
.eitzsns engaged IN it. hey are mere IN
slrsmsnls; and 6 they can BE msde SUD-
ieet 70 nunieipsl isw. the qssslion ceases
10 be public and political one. ID thea
hseomes mere priEass matter betweea
ihs Government invaded and The persons
invsdiag; and thns every invasion by an
Independent Government may be iresied
ss sslhorizsd. or sntirsly ls~lrss. Al lhs
option Of The invaded state. and The &C
son 10 il iTsslsd ss prisoners Of var. or
ss pirates, robbers. Or nprdefers. -
May xsem best 40 4he Gosernmtni who
has taken shem. II surely cannot be ne
.cesszry 10 add thar such . principle 70 %
unjust IS il 10 unsupported BY authority.
Soch are the grounds on which the doc
trines eel forth 10 rhs documents referred
20 rest. liza believed that they are solid,
ssd esaAol be shaken: Ii 10 believed. 81
"a. Than The opposite doctrines would tend
greatly 10 increase the evils Of war. and
jnHodaes again practices which have been
long exploded as unjust aud barbsrOus by
the whsle family Of civilized nations. II
persoasi liability Of officers and soldiers
10 enforced in the eoufls Of Law Tor acts
done ondcr national authority; lihey are
10 be treated as criminals. and punished
no snch: and especially. IL lhis be lawfully
done By The aa,horiiy Of Stale Govern
peas, which is irresponsible 10 The foreign
Government. aud without lhe power Of
declaring var or making peace, then shall
We Be driven back 10 the prse,iees Of The
moot barbsrous nations. and the smslio-
rated eide Of international Law cease 70
exit.
A reference TO The snslog;es and su-
theriiies bearing upon The pom, now un-,
der consideration will finish wha, have
70 say npon il. To constitute piracy. the
depreciation must be commilied without
lhs AUTHORIZATION Of any lawful arkonwl-
edged Sovereign. Therefore. il is said,
whether one be a pirate OF not. depends
upon The fact whether he has or has not
> commission 10 cruise; BJnkershoeek,
shsp- IT. n he scis under lawful sulhor-
ity, The act done in pursuance Of IL 10 not
piracy. So also IN relation 20 rspsissls.
which are means OF redress. 10 be used
only IN case Of denial Of justice. They
are an authorization granted by Sovs-
reign. 20 take The persons add goods Of an
Other Prince for an injury eommiued up
on bis subjects. for which justice hs.
bean denied by the Sovereign Of the Of
~ - ~ W ~sa'eiiiy Under shich
ihe acts are done that relieves them from
The charge and punishment Of piracy. II
Fueh authority exists, gill il be el,i ned
ihas The Individuals acting under !, can be
punished % mslsfsc,ops |, has been
urged that supposed distraction between
scu doae in state Of war and in stale
!ol peace has not been sufficiently attend
ado. Do, 10 ii necessary. 20 exonerate
individuals from personal responsibility.
when acting as part Of military force
under the orders Of an acknowledged GO
,yernment. that war should have been De
.clareJ. OF hosiiliiies have been eommsnc.
ed, previous 10 the scss complained Of!
let me answer these quet .ions by snolh-
er inquiry. Ssppese Msi,ssd had been
lpsd on the 22i Of March. and found
guilty. and sentence Of death had been
passed upon him. snd he had been ex.
seuted: and immsjlalely upon this being
known by The commanders II the British
squsdrons on the West India and Halifax
sgsiions, they bad ENTERED. with Their
squadrons. The port Of New York, and
attempted 10 burn end destroy thai city.
acting undsr the orders of the Queen's
Goserpmsni, and they had been esptur-
ed. would the officers, sailors. and ma
rines have been liable 10 be tried as mur
deIsEs or robbers. and executed And
yet. in such case. there could have bern
no dem sad for redress, aud no declaration
Of wsf. |, would have been an isolated
act Of hosulily. The direct authorities
bearing upon the rule Of public law. have
been referred 10 by The Senators from vir.
ginis spd srhuseiis. There are
sowe shich 4 viii merely cite. bpi moi
real. vsiel. 223. 35s. $50. 444. Ruth
,effsr,h. b. Q. c. o. $. Is. b. nkershoeck.
l27. l34. 1875. Pu[entorf. SO The
authority resd from yal,sl. supposed 10
be eppcssl 70 The doeliiae adnil,ed By
The Secretary Of State, has been comment
cd on BY o.her gentlemen. viii not refer
70 y. exeep, 20 SAY, that il seems 20 be
quite evldsnt that il sustains Father than
opposes that doctrine. a single quota
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