Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1841-09-03
ADVERTISEMENTS coNGREss--lst Session.
Mondays Proceedings

TWENTY.SEyENTH CONGHEss--lst Session.
Mondays Proceedings.
SENATE.
NJ, T,,ran.s motion TO bring up his resolution to
s,no;nt a day of adjournment, was voted down IN the
Senate. as a similar resolution on the part OF Inc Deno'
cracy was, we understand, in the House oil feP,,ese"'
tatiyes. A Federal member in the House, we ieaiu'
submitted a proposition that that body wouia not ~
iourn until they had carried a system o. Us a =
mon, ne ,he public money; and MIR. Clay, IN the course
of This davis debate in the Senate, declared INA. he
would not consent to fix a day OF Adjournment !" !"
great measures were brought to a CONCLUSION u ~ ~
mo called on by Mr.. Calhoun 10 say what measures, "e
so2d tho hill raisin1 the tariff, aud the BANK Jill
IT, los, named bill was reported from the special COM
m;,,ee. composed Of Federal members eAciusise'y' %
II came from the House, without Amendment i'H'"s
This fact with Mr. Clay S simultaneous ahnouneems".
in the Senate, with the proposition IN the HOUSE. =,
20 sdiourn mill the majority had carried some hScal
co,tr,ved to suit their political design, we conciaue
that the President may consider himself as hes'eetu IN
the White Honse-and that he must SURRENDER u -.
cret;on and swallow q "Botis Bank, or something tha'
will eat up his maw-cr be beieagnefea VIZ" MS imp
Conoress of the comedy census, until the people can
come TO his rescue under that which VIII BRING IN u
bodv representing a majority OF the people.
The tax hill was taken up as the order of The DAY,
and Mr.. Buchanan's amendment TO repeal the law max,
;pr railroad IRON free, and to impose the same tax or Il
No other iron, was debated during the greater part OF the
sitting. 1t was opposed by Messrs. Berrien, Cuthoert,
Calhoun, Clay of Ala and King, and advocated ny
Messrs. Buchanan, Walker, Huntington, and Clay oil
Kentucky. 1t was contested particularly by Messrs'
Buchanan and Calhoun, who, in repeated bouts, III we
NAV transfer such a phrase from the ring OF the senate
gave much vivaci'y TO the controversy.
o Az we did not hear Mr.. Buchanan's opening re.
marks. we can only gather his arguments from bs re-
plies.
He argued that the exemption OF eosPpo sua Snsq ana
because it put the manufacturers Of iron on a different
footing from other manufacturers who were protected
from foreipn comDP.;ttpu be the Dr centapp stimulated
under the compromise rct-that 1t was against the prin.
ciples of MIR. Calhoun and others who opposed appro
priations from the General Government to lnterna. i'm.
provemenis-iuasmuch as this drawback on iron usec
on railroads was in effect a bounty equiv alent 10 the
whole amount Of the duty relinquished and gwen to the
prosecution Of these works.
Mr.. Walker said, that %exempting corporations from
all duties on railroad iron, was to distribute half Il mil
lion a year among these wealthy companies, and there
by making a deficit in the revenue 10 this amount an.
nually. We would thus create, by this distribution
among corporations, an annual deficit in the revenue
of halfa million; which, like the deficit created by the
Land bill, would require new duties upon the people
OF the Union, and especially upon the planters Of Mis-.
sIssippi, which duties perhaps would be laid on the ne.
cessaries of life. Should he agree to these boun,ies and
distribution in favor Of corporations, he might endan.
ger The compromise tariff act, Just as it was endanger.
ed by The Land bill, and create the necessity or the pre-
text for its violation. By this bill the planters and
farmers had TO pay twenty per cent. on all the iron they
used IN wagons, carts, hoes, ~ploughs, and every IN
plement of husbandry, and yet a discrimination was TO
be made, by which the iron used by incorporated COM
panies was TO be free Of duty. Now if any d%iscrimina.
ton was made, he would prefer 10 discriminate III favor
ofthe planters and farmers, and not tax them by grants
ofexclusive privileges, for the benefit Of cor operations
The exemption would give vast privileges TO the incor
porated over the unlncorporated, TO the artificial over
the natural man, 10 the wealthy over the poor, and in
every form was new distribution in favor Of corpora
tons, and subjected the compromise tariff act to immi-
nent danger; and as a friend of that compromise, he
could not vote for this exemption.
On the other hand, it was urged BY Messrs. Calhoun,
Cuthbert, &c, that a leading principle of the bill was
the exemption of foreign materials used in the promo.
ton OF home industry from tdS7tIon. That, to foster
the greatest ofall modern MISUNDERSTANDING
the greatest outlay of capltal-employing the greatest
amount of mnnual abor-conferring the most extensive
advantages on trnde, and all that contributed to the
prosperity, social convenience and happiness Of the
country-was the object of the law which it was now
proposed 10 repeal. II was urged that on this principle
indigo and raw hides, &c, used extensively in manu-
features, were made free ofduties. The raw hides, when
manufactured into leather, were the material on which
many trades lived and thrised. The railroads were ia
brics Of another kind, but still more extensively pro.
noting the different businesses Of our country. In
their very creation Tor manufacture a. It might literally
be called) they employed n greater amount of manual
labor than any other species of labor, and gave facili-
ties 10 the farmer, merchant, traveller, tradesman, ma
nufac,urcr, and mechanics of all kinds. Why then,
asked Mr.. Calhoun, should iron used in the manufac.
tI!re of railroads be taxed, and raw hides used in the
manufacture of leather be left free? The one gives en-
and facilities to all other species of home
Industry; the other principally 10 that employed in max.
ing shoes and harness.
Besides, IL was urged by those interested in the pro-
ofthe Southern railroads, that the law of 1882,
which made iron free for the prosecution ofthese works,
had extended into the calculations that prompted, 10 n
great extent, these undertakings. The North, with
greater means, activity, and alacritg, had availed ITSELF!
IF that law and completed their railroads under it,
Now that the South-the burdened Southland JUS,
entered upon the career, it was unjus, TO impose that
lax upon her enterprise which the North had escaped.
Mr.. Calhoun entered upon a delineation of the railroads
have been commenced and accomplished TO the
extent of some three or four hundred miles, to unite
The Southern seaboard with the Tennessee, Ohio, and
rivers.
This amendment was not voted on when the Land
bill came back from the House with ali
he Senate amendments agreed to, except that which
the ratio of distribution from that Of Federal
to that ofFederal representation in the two
Houses Of Congress. The Senate receded from its
amendments in that respect, and the distribution bill is
low passed to the President.
The Senate adjourned on the motion of Mr.. Mangum.
THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
Mr.. Cave Johnson Of Tennessee asked permission of
be House 10 introduce the following resolution:
RESOLVED Jy the Senate and House Of Representatives.
+ the United States of .9meriea, in Congress assembled,
hat the two Houses of Congress will adjourn and
its present session on Monday, the 9th day of
eptember, 1871.
Mr.. Fillmore of New York objected to il.
MIR. Adams Of Mass. said there was q Mcleod resolu-
on upon the Speakers table first in order. He de.
red to have that resolution taken up, but if that was
id over, he had several resolutions on the table, offer
three years since, which under the rules were laid
for a day, but which were never reached by the {