davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Polynesian., 1841-10-16

practised upon throughout the world b|
thew are not. and in our estimation +,
Hawaiian government is far less cupab,1
for its principle and acts than those hc]
with intellectually greater light and know
edge exhibit the same spirit which in ,beI
less intelligent and powerful ncshb,l
thev condemn and punish.
We do not justify this government i
its transactions. Political and rcG1nl
intolerance are both to be deprecated M|
clemency demands that the mos, favor,
bic construction should be pu, upon Al
transactions involving national or indNa
al character and we felt that these :,
marks were in Justice due to the IIavs,
ian government. s.N. c.
Ociohn lM.
The Polynesian., 1841-10-16

eide our cause upon the evidence adj
duccd, we trust they will not think hard
or complain if we find 1t necessary 10 i'm
peach the crcdiblily and impariality OF
the witnesses, or destroy the validity of
the testimony where we think it is iucor-
rect. We shall leave this history for the
present with the general remark that as Il
whole we think it conveys false impress
sions as to lis facts, in relation to the gov
crnment acts. the missionaries and the
persecution itscii, both rs TO its extent IN
the number Of sufferers and the degree Of
severity in the pnni,hncnt> inflicted,
whcl, we think will he fully subsianiialcd
should the documents in our hands ever
come before the public.
Respectfully.
Your OBJ Sc.t't.
SAMUEL y. CASTLE.
The Polynesian., 1841-10-16
THE POLYN ESIAN,
Honolulu, Saturday. Oct. 10, lsil.

A code of laws which should secure 70 III
inhabitants of realm perfect peace and So
cnrity, with rights which should enforce en-
the political as well us religious federation
and leave the rich and poor, the weak an
powerful, upou the same common ground
even handed Justice, would be triumph
human wisdom such as yet the world has no
seen. Correct Legislation is at once ON
of the most difficult as well as proudcl
achievements of humanity, and c,nqunu4
like Napoleon or Justinan, whose warl.
deeds have filled the world with awe and as
tonishmcnt, have placed with true iorcsgh
their real claim to honorable fame more ~
on their efforts to lessen crime, and transm
to their fellow men the happiness to be de-
rived from we'll regulated civil communities
than upon the victor's wreath Their coded
are noble monuments of the minds that d
rected and executed. The highest dulir1
OF the statesman is to preserve unsulIIed Il
Liberties Of his country. and to let no staId
rest upon the purity Of her crmlne. I'D
cherish its honor as the dearest brthright
his race, and to repel with indignation th%
slightest attempt to undermine the broad da1
sis of its foundation. Enthusiasm for ,hd
past should not close his eyes to the aOusf|
which time may have allowed to creep
through widening chinis, nor zeal for reoH
urge him to destroy where it is imp"ssibeo
rebuild. Those whose talents are directed
with patriotic ingcnuousncss to the welfare
OF their country, by reforming and establish
ing "a more perfect Legislation, deserve ve
of mankind and in the class of its real ben
efactors, rank second to none Posterh
rather than the present gcnel alton will juts
and award.
Within the past year we have seen I
chiefs of the Hawaiian nation, sensible 0
the incaPacity Of their old system to nee
their present wants, draw up body otIaN
and publish them to the w"rld-grant con /
stltntlon to their subjects, and from absoIu'
sovereignty voluntarily recedc to llml't
monarchy-surround the throne with Pop1
ular representative body, irom persecution
proclaim religious federation, and freely A
dopt as the basis of Declaration Of Rights
the Just sentiments, that all men are entIs
10 liberty OF life and limb. freedom from ~
preston, and the earnings of their mIa' i
and hands. 1t has proved the manumrs.
"t nation of slaves. Honor is due to Il
council that framed them, and to the nDa1
ence that brought them about 1t is the ''1
ing "f the spirit of liberty, and the graoaa']
ascendency of mind over brute force. l'1
dawn'ng of the Sun of Righteousness, upon
blinded race, and the clapping of ha'd' !
wilderness, which time may cause to bios
som as rose.
Perhaps it may not be amiss to exam"'
into the causes which led to this result
Briefly stated it may be said to have Oee'
brought about by the gradual advance %
wealS and knowledge of the people, p'
VIC think It was still more the OBJECT Of "'
The Polynesian., 1841-10-16
Mn EDlron.

Mn EDIron:
Before we proceed to the considera-
ton of the statements recently published
in your paper, concerning the persecution
here we propose 10 make some enqui-
rics into the circumstances under which it
took place that we may he the better pre-
pared to Judge as to the degree of culp pa
bIlity in the actors.
That the degree of guilt is graduated
by the amount of LIGHT aud knowledge
in such cases is principle which, | sup
pose will not be contested. For example,
A savage trained up where theft is no,
accounted crime evidently incurs les
guilt by its commission than the man
who has been trained where i, is moi onl,
an offence against the state but consider
cd an act of high moral delinquency.
The principle of religious liberty or toler-
alton has probably never been fully un-
ders,ood or practIsed upon by any hea,hcn
nation, aud very few at the preScn, day
amongst those called enlightened, tho.-
oughly comprehend the principle or adopt
the practice. ]n relation 10 the former,
Lord Lyttleton says, "That in all healhcn
countries the established lcIi zion was in
terwoven with the civil constitution and
supported by the magistrate as an essen
tial part of the government, whoever
has any acquaintance with antiquity can-
not but know. They tolerated, indeed,
many different worships, (though not with
mt Jntl cn\ no
they suffered men to discourse very free
ly concerning religion, provided they
would submit to an exterior conformity
with established rites. nay, according to
the genius of paganism which allowed an
intercommunity of worship they in most
places admitted without any great diff
Guilty new gods and new rites, but they
nowhere endured an attempt to ovcrturn
the established religion or any direct op-
position made to it, estcemin@ that an lin-
pardonable offence not to the gods alone,
but to the state.
This was so universal notion and so
constant a maxim of hcathcn policy, that
when the christian religion set itself up in
opposition to all other religions, admitted
no intercommunity with them, but de-
clared that the gods Of the gentiles were
not to be worshipped nor any society suf-
tered between them and the only true
God. When this new doctrine began TO
be propagatcd and made such a progress
as to fall under the notice of the maeis-
trate, the civil power was every where
armed with all its terrors against it,"
We apprehcnd the principle of intoler-
ance set forth in these remarks are appi-
cable to all idolatrons nation at all times,
whether savage, barbarous, or civilized,
and to many others also modified by cir
cumstances. 1t was doubtless true of the
government of these islands, Il few years
since. The pagan religious system was
interviewer with and extended through all
the ramifcations of their social and polt-
ical institutions. Whoever struck blow
at the religious usages would have been
considered dangerous innovatcr, seeking
The Polynesian., 1841-10-16

E,ance with n like result. He gave no
,;cc that he should remove the seals n.''''
self which he did, and whilst Preac''''S
,n large congregation his house was ''-
tackled bv soldiers led OH by the Io'n-
missary, &c. ,L,
The Charter of $50 says, Equal r'Sn'
is allowed to every one to profess MS re-
lsion, and equal protection ai1ordca I"
him in his worship.' But the agents o'
Government have found an Article IN me
Civil Code of Napoleon which iorhds the
assembling of more than twenty persons
without permission from the local au''iof-
ties. and this they have attempted to al,-
ply and enforce on religious assemblies al
though i, was only designed to have po-
I,icai bearing. An attempt has recently
been made TO procure an Ordinance 10
prevent Protestant ministers preaching
except in certain places to be named 10y
the Prefect and approved by the council
of state, and there only to their own
churches, to prevent making prosolytes.
Mcssrs Rule and Lyon, Protestant Mis-
sionaries, have been expelled from Cadiz,
The Spanish government will not allow Il
British Protestant place of worship at Ha-
vana-and Lord Palmers,on has declared
that any British subject endeavorinS TO
'prcach or teach, or distribute books ID
Spain, will render himself liable to a state
prosecution" In Italy Il Swiss minister
endeavoring to circulate few copies OF
the testament, was Obliged to flee, and
those who received the books imprisoned.
&c. But we can alludc to but few of the
instances of intolerance recorded in the
public journals. Such a thing however
as religious liberty is hardly known IN
most European countries.
Perhaps it may be said that the princi-
pies and practses above noticed are based
upon political considerations. So says
His Hawaiian Majesty Of his principles
and practise, but it seems that European
principles will rot apply on the opposite
side of the globe, and European practises
are there condemned by Europeans. On
ly let His Hawaiian Majesty endcavor to
enforce the application Of the principles
of the enlightened French statesman and
it is discovered at once that they are con-
lrary to the usage of all civilized nations,
for among the latter there is not Que
which does not freely tolerate all reli-
gions" He cannot adopt the princi-
pies and practises of his more enlightened
and powerful neiehbor without rendering
himself obnoxious to chastisement.
Why was it that Lord Palmers,on is
sued his notice TO all the Consuls in
Spain !: 1t was not because he approved
of intolerance, but because he was aware
that Her Majesty Of Britain had no right
to interfere with the government of Her
Spanish Majesiy's dominion's unless she
went so far in her measures as TO render
the interference justtiable upon the score
OF humanity.
When England in the 18th century
was rent by two powerful factions headed
by the houses of York and Lancaster, the
former assumed white and the latter a
red rose as the badge of their respective
parties. AS they were al,ernateiy " sue.
cesstul and welded the power, the disal.
lection of the opposite party was mani
tested by the badge they assumed. So
when the Hawaiian uovernn,o,, LJ i
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1840-1842, 1841-05-10
NEW BOOKS, NEW BOOKS.

Received by SMITH & PALMER, ssd April.
(,oRsE de Leon. or the Brigand. by q q James,
" Bruee's Life Adventures In Africa by Major "a,
being numbers 10 and l29 OF arper's Family Lbrary
Astronomy add General Physics considered with refer
enee TO Natural Theology. by Rev. wheweiL OF Cam
bridge College. " '''
History Of the Netherlands, by T & Granan
Criteai and Miscellaneous ~ says. by Bzbinxfou Ma.
eanay in three volumes Including the retpsper Of ,he
articles written and published while the author va N
college, extra volumes, the third separate.
Ten Thousand Year, by the Author OF the Diary NJ
fhySeian- MI WARREN In one octave volume
Charles o. Nalicy- NO and OF the I'd vol
History OF the Aoglo saTons the earlIest period 70
the NORMAN Conquest, toy Sharon Turner, As RAs l.
author 81 the Sacred History Of the World Tits edition
eonaina The SAXON words. in two large volumes
Ahe works OF Lord B-lnzbIoke complete, ws' Life
prepared expressly for this edition
formation relative TO his personal and political char
selected from the best authorities, be comprised 10 Az
oetaNo' vol 81 IS speeieH may he examined and sub
,erPtohs solicited Ly smih Palmer, Agents for the
The Correspondence Of W. wnbcrGorce edited by his
Sons, Ia Two volumes
COmbe's Tour in the United states
Ranbles In Europe In S9 with sketches of Protnnen nj
surgeons, hysicians, Medical sc hoss Iosptas Iiera
~ Personazcs, Scenery. &c by w Gibson, NJ D. Profess
soI OF Surgery in the University Of Pennsy wanna DC
tsfehou a tale OF seventeen hundred seventy six
Alexander Tweedic's System of Practical Medicine
comprised IN series Of original Dissertations arranged
Uterine Organs. in sne volume
American Journal Of Medical Sciences edited by 4
Hays ID foI April 1871, being the second Number OF
the New Series.
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1840-1842, 1841-05-10
TO COUNTRY MERCHANTS.
C. ]. RICHARDS e. co

c. J. RICHARDS & co,
Sign OF the Saw, opposite the Swan Tavern
II street, Shockoe Hill,
IMPORTERS and Dealers in Foreign and Domestic p,-,
ware are now opening large Complete Assortment,
"f SPRING HARDWARE AND CUTLER wbirh C.
Casn cry scceifances OF 10 punctua
ara Neiy small advance Country Merchants and oth,ra
mn 10 lher interest TO caand their stock
SIteh IN psd comprised Of the following Good.
iinootson, $ Patent Corn seythes
NahiIon'S best steel do
Broad and Narrow Grass DO
bumble d hugusia's Pattern Grass do
Dutch scythes OF best qualify
Pocket and Pen Knives, assorted
sclssoIs, Shears and RazuIs do
black and Other handes ~ e s "V"ei
IVORY hnves and Forks IN pairs from IN ao
Die barrel nint and percussion Guns
traces Hahers Anvtls, Vices smiths Bellows
hiuL nne plate, pad ami other Locks
Hand, PIT, x cut, mill saw, hall round
rit oaIardand other Files; horse Rasps
Collins and other Ares
Broad Axes; Nail Hammers
Butt Hinges, all kinds
britannia Ware. Japaned tin Ware
fLated Goods, German silver Goods
MlIsons genuine and common Coffee Mills
Sheet and bar Lead
Cast, sh@aI blister and German Steel
shoNets and spades Hay and manure Forks
JACK Screws shovel aud I onga Fenders hndi,o
nest bench aud moulding Planes
Mil pit and X Saws
Hand, PANEL aud lemon saws
Also, an assortment Of Looking Glasses direet from,
manufacturer, consisting Of
SWING, toilet pier aud nantel Glasses
French Baskets, xe. " o '"i
Together with of MA ,ra .
soItInent OF Fancy Goods. g.
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1840-1842, 1841-05-10
RICH AND RARE.

'VHOmAs n. PRICE has pleasure in saynr 10
hts friends and patrons that he ss already received
eonsiderabie peron OF his regular supply eofee
tafhn< French, German, Italian, fda, and Lnseriean
DT1 O0Dds purchased on the favorable and
ne with the greatest confidence invites continuance
To those who tho very Goods thar the mark
OF our country Affords he bexs say they be
all times suited from his stock
In addition 10 the confidence he usually feels that he has
the means of redeemnE this plecge The public his r
ransenents Just such keep him al ali time
supplied with whatever and desirable as they NAV
tory. - - ~-~~
Tine, nor the limit OF advertsement 10 not to-day
permit OF an suempt at detail -'
10 very great and choice variety OF shsws
DO do Silks
hand.
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1840-1842, 1841-05-10
FRESH DRY GOODS.

addition former stock We have by the
schooner the following Asonabe and fresh
Goods. viz
2eases superior Disp dEl, COR hummer coats
do heavy black Bombszines
do extra super wool dy Ell black Cloths
10 do snperhnc and low priced blue do
do silver drab do
do brown French Diilinss
do do do Linens
do - and 4 4 Grass Lawns
10 do fancy Cotton stripes anL Mixtures
ssHony Cassinercs, London fancy 10
LONDON Cuttings and wehnxs a. carlton f;Inr Ia m,
Check and stripe Hurricane Muslns
pian and hs Swiss Muslns, beautiful assortment
CanbnCs and Jacone.s
lnda and Bishops Lawns, Bennett Lawns
Rich Mousc,ine lie Lans, ~ Paper Niuslins
81 aud fillet Lace shswlS, Fillct scaIIs
Fancy Gauze and aaiin Hdk6s
Extra Eng ish Ponsee aud BandsDna IIlkfs
Choppas and India Flag silk do
marrlan, fenitentary Plai n a. and Furniture do
fenlznes, DurangOs and binaeie's wing Silks &c
ou STOCK presents al this lime superior
merchants aud we invite their attention
that We shall not be unersold In this any other
sP& KENT. KENDALL q ATwATER
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1840-1842, 1841-05-10
CHARLES w. N'GINNEss.
OUsE, SIGN AND ORNAMENTAL PAINTER

GLAzfER, GLIDER, DC
nf-shop next door TO the First Presbyterian Church
Street, below the Post Ohics.
RICHMOND, February s2d 1910
TINS day. % years the subscriber in this
ely He Is truly grateful 10 the sitizeas Of Viz GINA
Tor their KIND patronage during the above period That no
mas given satisfaction TO all that employ will not
pretend 10 say-bu that TO the greater psr IL
ced continuance their ayors lie run hi
friends and the public generally, continuance OF
the best manner. a "
lie would likewise inform country merchants in want OF
szns, that he has seasoned boards constantly On hand
ready prepared, which he finish the shortest motto
fe -NeGf
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1840-1842, 1841-05-10
KENT. KENDALL q ArwATER.

NEW BOOKS.
CoBSE DE LEON, OF the Brisand, romance, by g p
Astronomy and General Phvscs considered with tefer
ence TO Natural Theology, by Rev VIM wheweH
The History Of the Netherlands, by Thomas Coll.y
Grattan - 10y
APrelmlnary Discourse the Study Of Natural Phiio
sophy, by John Frederick William HerseheIL A
The Hand, It's mechanism aud vital endowments, a.
evineing design, by sir Charles Bell
The Lille and Adventures of Bruce the African Traveller
by Major sr Francis Head. Ionou edition.
No leS Ilarpers' Family Library
Lives OF John Jay aud Alex anIer Hamilton No 100 IIar
peIs' Family Library
The above works together with a good assortment
OF Theological Classical School and Mirc Books
All TO be had at SMELLS Bookstore, doors above the
Bell Tavern, at reduced prices.
ap2i JAMES SMELL
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1840-1842, 1841-05-10

GALE AND CHRIsTOPHER PIANO q
"HATsre the requf sites of good PianaI MANY per.
w sons IN purchas sing Piano Forte suffer
70 DC guided By the appearance Of the exterior polish OF
good judge takes care ASCERTAIN that he MOI
merely toy piece Of cabinet furniture, bat subsfap.
us and Durable mus al instrumeut COOL Piano should
oe equal throuehoutevcry note Of the qualify of
ton Of its action and altogether nebe loud Cwheb
sher few months use becomes harsh and wiry) or on
The contrary soft to require several con-
san use before the instrument loses peculiar and
inunied sound oceaxiohd by the thickness OF sones OF
The leather the hammer which strikes the sfrin,
These the requisites Of really goo Piano and in 81
leiing the Insiruinents 90 the pubic lately by
himself from the Mandatory OF GALE a. CHRISTIE
rhEh, New YORK, with particular reference o these
qnahss, solicit comparison and criticism inie
give sal.faeton la every respect Ihsve also Pianos by
Bacon RaZen, late Dubois 4 Bacon whose make have
been k9own In this State for the laS Is years more
Any Piano sold By not giving entire sasiac ou
be retumed sreH after frreirefneHihs f,ial
w. DANIEIL
ap2 Piano warcroom, square above the Hanks
BOARDING AT THE MANSION HOUSE
MRS. sARvAY having taken this well known and long
1 established House, which has just undergone atho.
rough repair, AMI recently ke by Miss MsIy Turner is
now prepared TO accommodate bosrdefs by the day. week
month or year.
The rooms being very pleasant and airy and suital.
as II In the centre Of the business the CIV and
within few minutes walk OF the Rail Road Depots and
steam Boat wharf, II u ono ofthe mos dcsi i'm
the Cy for per sons visiting The City be their object ei
Their business OF pleasure. Her table viii all times be
provided with the best which the abundance the mar
ket shords-hcr servants attentive and poiie-ard with
determination, by the aid Of Mr. 5arvay TO give
ton TO all ss far possible she socs nom Der n
anathe pubic generally, share Of their pail onsge
Mansion IIouse tanr;i 1871 ~
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1840-1842, 1841-05-10
OitEM q. MORLING

HAVE the pleasure Of announcing 10 their customers
nhthe public generally, that they have received
he hshonable clothlng store. Main street. five doors
below the Exchange Bank the following new and beau.
iul spring and summer styles:
superior blue, Wool Dyed, Back, Olive Lon,on Brown
Invisible, Bottle and Polish Green Dress and Fruck Coats
new and beautiful article of Summer Coats made The
L1est Paris fashion; single m fancy plain
Corded, Check aud Plain GambIoon, and China Grape
Pants six, saiIn, Bombazne ChalY, Cashmere silk Bro
cade French Embroidered MeTino and Marsei les Vests
Persian Robes and Morning Gowns; silk Shirts ana
Drawers, Linen ana Cotton do DO; Fine Linen Bosoms
nllaTs part made In the Byron style; Stocks; silk aud
Linen Cravdts very neat patterns Scars Suspenders
hefs, Shoulder Braces; Russia Riding Belts
Money Belts and Purses Silk Merno, Lambs Wool and
Cotton Half Hose.
Gentlemen in OF Clothing would do well to call and
ehenIne our Stock, determined sell as cheap
aS any establishment In this any of the Northern cities
az l9-2m T.. n. SPENCE, Agent.
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1840-1842, 1841-05-10


I A, side hill, swivel Plough
EIpandrus Culilvsiors. Gardening Utensils, &C.
These FnuGns have been iurnduc Ell into south Carolina
with unparalleled success, AMI In instances where
they have 5ccu tested have driven the common Plough
Tbe subscribers will furnish al an times Points &c 10
suit PiouEhs SOLD by them. They Will keep rood
meui 90 meet the demand. GRETrER PEAKE
ap3 icots bclow the Rel Tavern
SELLING OFF AT COST, rot CASH
TUE subscriber, intending discontinue business IN
Nchtuoudt oucrs hts entire stock Of scasonablc Dry
Goods At cost, or cash. Persons wishing supply hem
selves would 80 well 10 ea soon lis stock consists q
The following:
Superior blue black sncy cocured Cloths aud C,ss
DO plan faured sa.in and velvet vestinrs
DO Cashmere and Swausfown a.
superior assortment Of SNIuciis sud kcnturk y Jeans
krrscys snd Linscys
fionch aud FnEhsh Nennos
Rose, Whitney and striped Blankets
White ami REQ Flsnrcls
An sssornent II Ensiish Freneh ant American Prints
Black, LEAD and iauey coloufed Mouslin dc LANES aud
superior back and blue black Gro IL Rhine SINS
fi1u and fgurcd fancy coloured silks
Do 40 % blac BnmhaEnea
Checked striped and plain Jackonot, Swiss Nusins and
Irish linens, lawn. and Diapers
100, va and IA Dsmssk Table Cleths
Dsinask Napkins and towels
Plain and heuasttc he'd linen csmbric Hdkfs
Linen Cambria and French Laws
80 ~ and 81 Bed 1ickins
zeal English long Cloth
Apron checks
Brown and blesc hed Co,tons and Cotton Oznaburss
And many o,her articles 70 tedious % euurneraio.
4. WALLER.
street, Shockoe Hin.
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1840-1842, 1841-05-10
SPRING STOCK OF BOOTs, SHOES
TRUNKS &c

sPhInG STOCK OF BOOTS, SHOES,
TRUNKS. &C.
I'VE subscriber In receipt Of his usuaarge supply OF
nesh Spring aud summer G.ods, per the latest arr.
walls from NoItheIn ni Eastern Manufactures Ills stock
embraces desirable article In his line OF business
Country Merchants Informed that his goods will be
oncre To- them good terms they can be bought
10 this any other City; they may find IL some.
what TO their advantage TO give hun call before they
make their purchases
Extraordinary nduccm' will be offered to such as
deafor cash. and also TO such
ments He respectfully soicts a call from all.
The following kinds OF Goods may be found nj his es
adjustment la large quantities, viz
LADIES' very superior Kid and Morocco Slippers
DO seroudqualiy do do do
do third do do do do
Do very superior Kid, Morocco and Seal Walking
Shoes Of all styles
Women's Seal Walking shoes, Ties and Straps
Do fine Sealskin IIeeled Walking Shoes, Straps
DO leather sewed aud pegged Wells, various qualities
DO common leather and Kid slippers do
Genilemens FINE calf Shoes. broad narrow Straps
do 40 do Brosans
DO do do Union Shoes
DO gater Brog
Mems KIP aud split, sewed and peeged Bresans OF al
qualities
Do split pesged Washington Brogans
DO kip aud splt low quarter shoes various qualities
Gcntlemens very superior calfsxIn Boots Oi his own
and Northern Manufacture
Mems pegsed Boots Of all descriptions
DO srwed do do do
Misses seal, q and morocco Walking Shoes
DO kid and morocco slippers
DO do do do French Ties
ChdIens kid, co. seal and leather Boots Buskns
ankle Ties md suap shoes OF all qualities, all which
he Invites the attention Of Town aud Country dealers
p. X. WHITE,
ap IZ-tJw Market Bridge.