Litchfield enquirer., 1841-02-18
THE TARIFF.

THE TARIFF.
Mr.. Gushing of Massachusetts,, made the
following sound and judicious remarks on
the floor of the House of Representatives at
Washington, on the 30th ult. relative to the
feeling in England upon the subject of
the Tariff. Mr. Jenifer having concluded a
long speech on the Treasury Note Bill and
"matters and things in general" and Mr..
Vanderpoel having obtained the floor, upon
request Mr.. V. consented to yield it momen-
tarily to
MI Gushing, who said he desired to say
a word in regard to the opinion, real or
supposed, of the North upon the question of
the Tariff:
1t is simply this, Continued Mr.. CO. as
believe, and l must say, as know. We
wish for 4 tariff because the alternative we.
think, is direct taxation. We wish for 4
discriminating tariff, for the alternative is,
that all the interests of the country would
be thrown naked, abroad, bare and de-
fcncelcss to the world, unless there were
such duties for the protection of the inte-
rests of the United States against foreign
competition and assault. But we do not
want high protective tariff with eXtrava-
giant duties and we protest against the idea
which has got abroad during this debate,
that any proposition for it has come at all
from the East. Whether we are parties or
not to the compromise Act; whether we are
ready or DESTROYS to depart from 1t, is
secondary question. We desire heartily,
anxiously and cordially, policy of concil-
iation-of just regard for the welfare of the
whole United States-a policy of comprom-
isc, such as our fathers transmitted to us in
the Constitution eff the United States. And
the position of my own State at this time,
will add, is peculiarly one of the balanced
interests; and we stand upon this floor with
balanced vieWs-neither with extreme the
oretical opinions on the one hand, nor with
extreme views of interest on the other, to
misguide us-but with balanced interests
on the Tariff Question. balanced interests
on the Land Question, and balanced into
rests on the United States Bank Question
And at proper time, I desire to be permit
ted to explain these views in detail which
it would be trespassing on the indulgence
of the gentleman from N. Y. (Mr. Wander
poeD to attempt to do now. l am only de-
sirous now simply to state my own knowl-
edge of the views of my own State-to deny
that we are for bringing ultra tariff notions
before the country. 1t is not true. We are
content with such q revenue from customs
as will meet the wants of the Government,
and such a revenue properly applied in the
terms of the Constitution will afford suffi-
cient incidental protection to guard our i'll
interest Of the whole u. States.
Mr.. Thompson, of Mississippi, was under
stood to inquire of Mr.. C. what he meant by
discriminating duties-being, as he (Mr. Co.
had expressed himself, opposed to high
protective tariff!
Mr.. Gushing. l will tell you. By dis
eliminating duties mean this duties i'm
posed for the purpose of revenue, but so APP
portioned as to guard and promote the do
nestle interests of the country. And will
Illustrate my meaning by reference to one
of the great topics of discussion now before
the committee. A proposition has been
made that there be duties on wines and
silks, and that proposition is repealed by
gentlemen from the South as if it were inju-
rious to them. | say to all gentlemen of
the South, if you do not want duties upon
Injuries, do not want duties upon luxurics.
If you are content that the whole the rev.
enue shall be levied upon necessaries-for
the protection of the iron of Pennsylvania
and the coal of Virginia, and the manutac-
lures of the East-if, say, you desire this,
SO be it. | have not word to say. We
do not press upon you tax upon Injuries.
If you repcl it, be it so. We are then
thrown back upon that which is the exist
ing law, under which the revenues of the
United States are raised by taxes upon arti-
cles of agriculture. mining, manufacture, or
the sea, producible i'll the United States and
the production of the industry of the United
States. This is discriminating duty-and
that, in n moderate degree, maintains the
interests of all parts of the United States,
provided it be in no degree beyond the
wants of the General Government. That is
all desire. OF the 10000 of my constitu-
ents, 10000 are engaged ia marine or other
commerce, 10000 in manufactures, and
10000 in agriculture. That is specimen
of Massachusetts, whose balanced interests,
as understand them, impose upon me
duty of Cancellation and of moderation,
claiming of Congress Just and statesman
like administration of the constitutional
powers of the Federal Government in the
more
Valuable Inrention.--The N. Y. CONNER
cial Advertiser says there is an exhibition Of
mechanism in the basement room in the Ex-
change building, we'll worth seeing. 1t is
called graduating operator. Its chief de-
sign is for use in passing trains OF cars down
inclined planes on rail roads; in running
cars of coal from the rivers letting down
heavy bodies, bales and packages, from the |
lofts of warehouses, &c. The operation is |
simple and beautiful. On the steepest in
clined plane allowed on rail road, or in a |
coal mine, there are neither ropes nor chains |
to break. The largest load is safely gradu-
ated down by the operation of the wheel it.
SELF which cannot revolve faster than CIV
en- motion. The wheel itself holds itself back,
and cannot run even do,Og hill, if it would
The same principle is applied TO machinery |