Rutland herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1823-1847, 1841-09-14

fHfHNf " . ~ y sAfH ~ ~ SFtaTa ~
EAsl C@rs'ahoa 4 -, tnisS Sfsies'
To Ne House Of Representative.
Of the Cniied States
Il u With stir,fn. regret tia, ! C,cl myself o~ons,rAin.
81 ~ tie duiy htihtuly 10 execute the Office Of Pfesi.
dent - n. Iniirt States. and 10 tie 5es, OF mr. abIht,
TO preserve. Protect and defend the constitution OF
TIE United sta'es, to return 20 that House 10 whio h
~ orgiHats5, the Bii go prIstdc Tor The better collec-
uon. safe keeping and disbursement of the public rev.
enue by means Of = corporation 10 he sisied The Fiscsl
Corporation cithe United States with my written oh.
~Jections.
Ia nv message seHt to he Senate Il the 10Th day
81 kugus; last. returning The Bill ITO incorporate the
subscnbsts 90 tie Fiscal Back Of the United States. -
] dl.tinctly declared that my osn opinion has been
unlfofmi. proclaimed 10 be against the exercise ''oi
tie p1sef Of Congress 10 create a National Bank TO
operate per 81 over tho Union - and entertaining that
opinion. nv main objection n that Ban was based on
the highest moral and religious Obligations OF con-
science and the Constitution.
readily admit. thsi. whilst the qualified Veto with
which The Chief Magistrate Is invested, should be re.
sard.d. and vas Intended by the wise mou WHO made
81 = part OF the Constitution, as a gfes, con,ersative
Ippnciple ui our system, without the exercise OF which,
"a important occasions, a mere representative mIjoii.
" might urge the g~oveameni, IN is legislation. beyond
the limits hhcd by its tramets, or might exert its Just
powers too hastily orsoppressveiY' yet, It Is a power
which ought Ia he most cautiously eAeried, aud pei.
hsps never, except a case cminently involving the
public interest, or ono 10 which the oath OF the PFesi-
dent. acting under his convictions both mental and
moral. lmperiouslv requires Us eSetcise. In such a
case be has no alternative. lie must either exert the
negative power entrusted TO him by the Constitution
chiefly for its own preservation, projection and defence,
or commit on act Of gross moral lerpitude. Mere re-.
gard TO the will Of a majority, must not, IN a Consuiu-
stonal Republic like ours, conttol Ibis sacred and
solemn duty Of sworn officer. The Constitution H.
self regard and cherish as the embodied aud written
will Of Tie whole people OF the United States.
lts in their 61ed and fundamental law, which they
unanimously prescribe To the public iuncuonanes,
their mere Trustees and servants. This Their viii, and
the law which they have given Us as the rule OF our
action, has no guard, no guarantee OF preservation,
protection, aud defence, but the oalhs which 1t pre-
sciibes 10 public officers, the sdnc,iiy with which they
shall r~eligiou.ly observe those oauis, and tue patriot
I'm with which tho people shall shield IL by Their own
Psorcreigniy, which has made the Constitution supreme.
II mus. be c1eried against the will OF a mere represen-
. ,a,iye majority or not at all. ltis alone IN pursuance
Of that will that any measure can reach the President;
and 10 saw tina, because a majority in Congress have
passed a bill, the President should therefore sanction
IL, is TO abrogaie the power altogether, and TO render its
insertion in the Constitution a work OF absolute super
crogation. The duty is to guard the fundamental will
ofthe people themselves fIom-in this case admit
MISUNDERSTANDING or infraction by a majority in
Congress. and in tina, ligh, alone do | regard the con.
s,,uiional duty which now reluctantly discharge.
Ia,his bill, now presented for my approval or disap.
proMl, such a bill as have already declaIed could
no, receive my sanctions Is it such a bill as calls for
the exercise OF the negative power under the consti,u-
toni Does II violate the constitution by creating a
National Bank TO operate per Sc over the Union! Its
title, in the frs, place, describes rs geaeral character.
Ills A act TO provide for the betg collection, safe
keeping and disbursement Of the pubic revenue by
means of Corporation to be styled the FiSeG! Corpo-
ration Of the United States" In style, then, II is PLAIN
" national in its character. Its powers.iunclions, and
duties, are those pertaining to the Collecting keeping,
and d,sbursing the public revenue. ie aesns oy
which these are TO be eGerted, is a Co-F.rgs,1, 70 re
style1 the Fucdi Corporation Of the UaiteG %l.ss
lii, a corporation created ty the Congress Of 'hs
United States, IN It's character oi a nsuonal Legislature
for the whole Union, to perform tie tScai purposes
meet the fiscal wants and eTigencies, supply tie hsca
uses, and eIer the fioal agencies Of Tue treasury o.
the United States. Such Is It's own description OF It
self Do its provisions contradict rs o"n u'!e' ihel
do not. 1t Is true, that by Its hrst section II provides
that i, shall be established IN the District Of Coiumbis
bot the amour, Of lis capital the manner Ia which ~
stock /. to he subscribed for and heid-ihe persons ant
body corporate and pohtIc by whom The stock may b'
held-the appointment OF The directors, and uheir pow
ers and duues-i,s Fundamental articles, especially tina
10 establish agencies In any part OF the Union-ih
corporate powers and business OF such sgencies-th
prohibition OF Congress TO establish any other corpora
lion, with similar powers, tOf twenty years with eK
press reservation, 10 the same clause, 10 modify or ere
ate any bank for The DislrIct Of Columbia so that III
aggregate capital shall not eIceed i've miliions-with
oul enumetstng other features Which are equally dis
tipc;iye and hafaCieTsUc-ccafl show that II car
not le regarded as osher than a Bank of the Unite
States. with powers seemingly more limited ihan hay
heretofore been granted by such an Institution
IL operates pr 80 over the Union. Oy NiHve OF VI
unslded, aad 10 nv yes, assumed authority, OF roI
gress as a aauonal legislature, - distinguished from
Bank created by Congress Tor the District OF Colun
hi,. As the local legislature OF tie District. Ever
Uuied States Bank heretofore created, has had Pow'
10 deal 10 tails oferchaage as ~eila as local discount
BON were uad,ag privileges conferred and both exc
cised by yittce Of tie aforesaid power Of Congres
over the whole untoa. The question OF power r
mains unchanred wtirJv; reference TO the extent
pt.ilseeI granted. Ifthis proposed corporation -
be regarded as = local Bsnk Of The Distinct OF C0l"n
bA. Invested by Congress with genera powers 10 o
crate o.et Tie Union, Il j. obnoxious 70 sul strong
cbtectica.. Il assumes that Congress may invest
local institution with geneIslo OF NATIONAL powers. W
tho sane propre,y that II may DO this m regard 10
Bank Of the Distnc, OF Colunb,s, u may a. to a Sta
Bank. Yet. who can indulge ,hr .'oa that ihis TO
eminent can nightly, by mssiog a State Bahk is hsc
agent invest q With TIE absolute and unqualified poi
cts eoafefred by tpis btii When ! come TO look
the details ofihe Bili .tiey 30 NOT recommend II sirou
Il, 20 nv adoption. 4 bfel notice u some OF its Pi
NGons Will suffice
IL; II NAV Jusiify Substantially a system Of q
count, % the most Objectionable chsrartet. N -
deal IN tflis 81 exchange drawn 90 zoe State and "a
stle 10 another, without any resits,nt. Tic bil OF {
change may have an Unlimited term 70 Iua, sad 's
nexsbiht, "a 40 where guarded ags,nsr il may,
f.cl assume the most Objectionable form Of accom-
dauoa. Il is not required 10 rest on an, actual, n
1T -. -. AHr.w.v an p MS