Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1841-11-11

From ike Ner York Herald.
SPEECH OF GEM. TALLMADGE,
At the close Of the American Institute in
Neu York.

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At the close of the American Institute i,
New York.
FELLOW CITIZENS We rejoice te
meet you on the occasion of the 18th an
niversary Of the American Institute. Il
has been our lot very often to meet you
on these occasions, and with exulting
pride we found that we had your marked
appreciation of our whole course. From
the whole people we have had il; and
say it with pride that the New York press,
with the press Of the whole country, has
been favorable to the American Institute,
and we feel grateful to them for it, and it
shall ever be our pride to merit a coniin.
uance OF that appreciation from the public
at large, as well as from the whole Amer
lean press. The American Institute was
incorporated many years since, for the
encouragement OF commerce, manuiac-
lures and agriculture. Ii has been the
champion of each; and we maintain that
if our government will only do justice to
our manufactures and the people, that
then these manufactures and the strong
arm of the agricultural laborer will do
justice 20 and support our commerce.
We have country surpassed in its ad-
vantages by none on the globe. With
government, climate and soil that are I'M
equalled by any other portion of creation,
mark tho progress tina, we have made |;
look at our internal improvements. We
led the way in canals, and now boast of
300 miles of canal navigation; and while
our canals pour in their abundance, we
also have railroads not less than $500
miles and thus have over 5000 miles of
these valuable works, and equalling in
value an amount of Sc 100000 expended
for the happiness OF the whole people.
How much better is this than those gov.
ernrnents which can boast only Of their
columns and pyramids, and marble pal
aces, mingled with the oppression OF the
people, from whom such abundance has
been wrung. We have had valuable ad.
dresses on agriculture and other matters,
within the past few days. AT our ami
versaries we had addresses from Judge
Baldwin, from Governor Everett, Govern
or Davis, from the Hon. Mr.. Southland,
and from Daniel Webster; and, in fact,
orators have preceded us, in expounding
the true principles OF protection TO our
commerce and manufactures so fully and
clearly, that at last we find that there is
no book like the book Of the American In
stitute, which combines so much in so short
II space, and around one common centre.
General i. theE went on to speak Of the
comparatively prosperous state Of our com.
merce, but lamented still that It was not
what it ought to be. He considered this
owing to.a deranged currency, and other
injudlcious acts of the general government,
which ought to protect this right arm of
our country, or our lot would be still more
disastrous. He then read paragraph
from a newspaper, stating that the new
revenue law would go into operation in a
few days, and the effects that i, would
produce. He said that unwise legislation
had crippled the energies and resources
of the country. We are advocates for
free trade; but whilst we have opened
our ports, and held out our arms TO receive
the produce Of foreign lands, we remon.
strate against being made interiors in the
land Of our birth. In relation TO this, il
is proper to see in what relation this coun.
try stands with others in regard to foreign
commerce. Nine-tenths Of the importa.
lions into this city from France are on
foreign account. And almost the same
may be SAID of the importations from Ger
many and Grea. Britain. Therefore it is
high tmo that our government placed us
on true footing Of equality with other
nations.
What causes the present inequality
Great Britain-the sea-girt isle-by her
unrivalled position and superior policy,
has done il. Once her colonies, by the
nerve of our arms, and the sagacity of
Washington, we freed ourselves while
England has gone on since then, as be-
fore, colonizing the world by her CONNER
cial regulations, she has again reduced
us to the condition of mere colony to
her. Look at her corn laws. To name
them is enough. She has, il is true, made
a treaty of commerce and navigation with
us-she has flooded US with her manufac-
lures, and in return takes nothing from
us-she drains US Of our specie to the
amount OF 81, 100000 month, and yet
prohibits every article that we can carry
her in return but cotton. Let political
quacks put plans Of finance and currency
upon paper es long as they please, there
is no commercial condition which can be
sound and healthy, but to put this country
upon an equality IN regard TO commerce
with the country with which she trades.
The General then instanced the duties
placed upon pork, flour, &c., by other
countries, so as to render il useless TO car.
ry them abroad. And, he added, one
third of the foreign commerce of the U.
States Is substantially carried on in British
bottoms. The General then read an ex-
tract from an Edinburgh Review" Of
1887, stating that Great Britain possessed
one-fourth Of the commerce of the United
States, whilst the latter possessed but one
tenth of that commerce. And now, he
added, at least one-third OF our commerce
is in the hands of foreign vessels. We
say tina, Virginia, Kentucky, and the to-
bacco growing States ought to be protect
ed the same as the North in relation to
wheat and wool. But tobacco that is
worth 10 cents pound here is assessed in
England nine shillings pound duty
on American production of Q 900 per cent.