Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1841-08-27

in the expenditure Of large amount OF
the outstanding appropriations !: And why me re-
commentator, in The present condition oil Inc ifca,
surr to give away the proceeds OF the public lands anu
thus throw the whole taxation upon the ,npor; trade
II cannot be for the purpose Of exhibiting 10 'hs
how much moncy he can ndnce the a"eFcH" rsVi r.
10 expend. He cannot wi:I; TO contract osp' 'o ~"
pleasure Of owing the money; h's pr go,
dacnar Than these II oar expenditures are eN''"'1
cant. # LARGE Dc b; Lc funded, irredeehaoc m ye"'S
although we might have tie means OF eA''9 ns"'"S
sooner; and -four revenues are 20 oe IN
ms ,lon.i, is obvious that the prctence ana the pea
Ill no Tins furnished for high and protective tar'i
Nor i this ALL Sir. II has been well sa'd tia, Tic
cs,;,a, for a National Bank could not DC paid IN spe
cie without distress and pressure winch might ie"
der the institution unpopular at lis commandments
But on the other hand, IT IT'S capital son,o consist VI
stocks il would GO into operation smoothly. hir.y
one millions of United States stock Viii iurn'sh iie
means to start H. and the Geposiies arising from afse
revenues together with the permanent surplus vi
81 900 COO will make il profitable 10 The Shareholders
Nncb Then Sir as object TO this loan bill as mere
snrc;,J ,neasnre an still more opposed 10 IL when
I coorcct il with system of which 1t is pari anu
which seems TO have been The primary ooJec' III
tae Sccretlry's recommendation There IS no hcces
sly for creating thirty millions oil s'och, ana n"
Ineligible for proposing II, unless Il De 10 nu
nm that cirantic system Of plundcr, which BANK,
Tariff and Distribution of the Public Lands, VIII al
ford The means of constructing series ot measures
which must result have sad, in an entire revoiu-
ton in Government. SiIen, II VIII os-peaceiui II
may be: but revolution deep and entire, IN ne spr',
of our Institutions the policy Of the country, anu IN
the distribution of the power which is to govern H.
Mr.. Chairman, say it under sease oil all lis re-
soonsib,es which belong 10 The occasion; but IL a,e
system be permanently fastened upo" Us, 1t mus result
i, rrvont,on which is 10 take the power OF THIS 90
yernment from the many and place " aii--yes' al. 'o
in the hands of few. And am TO be deferred iF'm
EXPRESSING my sense Of the enorm'';es OF stc' ,
tenn with full recollection OF ali that my section o.
Ga, "a, holy n zeal N.
some Of its oppressions for fear CT being charged with
dis,ovnl,y 10 The Union Why, Sir, my friend ircni
South Garono (Mr. Pickens) suggested, the other
day. that unequal taxation, and even equal taxation
with uneoua! disbursements, was an EVIL unGer any
Government; but particularly in ours, where the IN
terests were diversified and the territory so excn
sye And when he used this consideration as IN ar
sument against excessive taxation and protective
system, which taxed the people twice once Tor 'he
Government and once for The protected classhe was
severely taken TO task By the gentleman from Pennsyl
vania, (Mr Sergeant,) having argued against he
Union 1t was said BY him, Sir, IF understood The
drift of his a.sument that the power to borrow money
existed under the Constitution and TO protest ngai"i
its present exercise account any unequal opefao
it might have TO attack The Constitution 'tseii N'
Sir The very exposition OF the evils oil unequal disourse
menls, although used argument Tor caution anu
moderation in the exercise of great and oen Gs'u'
ing power, treated az proof ef want oi asiaeh'
men TO the Union; and the insane speculaions o. To-
reign reviewer conceived either in ignorance or macf
were held up .'mrrcr TO rei!ect-what LINER
the feelings which supposed 10 exist IN me s
temans own mind, the feelings witch ms fei'"'H s
were likely to awaken in others, and The checs mat
they would produce Upon this mode OF reasoning
we can never oppose The exercise Of any power vesec
in u.s. upon considerations Of cNPediency without beng
liable TO the same impuia,ions Why Sr we nave Ire
power 10 declare against any OF The nations 0; INC
earth: and If such proposition were now made ccuiu
not oppose lis Justice or expcGiency could neithes
weigh its consequences csnsiGer lis horrors WIN
out exposing myself to such charges II oppos' '"'s
or any other system, Oh account oi us uheGudi opera
ton-nav, Sir if were 10 70 even to the daring and
presumpuous length OF com planning that was unjust
in sectional poin, OF view, am 10 receive tile sag-
aestions of the gentleman from pcnnsyiva as nt
10 submit without nur;nur, else 10 prepare Ter line
horrors of civil and Of serve war, which that ioIegn
aud hired beler OF Southern, and OF Northern feel
nr has foretold for u.s. Sir, ike not these dark
outpourngs these gloomy iancies, these mysterious
hints they TOO much OF an argument eddressea
TO INV fears TO induce 10 submit To that to when
my reason and sense Of justice may not assent But
ask the gentleman fron Pennsyis II Is use, II u
is statesmanlike, to shut eyes |" the es:> winch
NAV exist in the Government that We administer is
il not rather duty 10 detect ther, that we n%y re-,
move them ii we have the power; or watch over ana
nsate their tendencies If their existence bs ineVita-
BILE, Is il not poor compliment TO the understanding
of the people, if suppose that they would abandon
their institutions, merely because they are not perfect
Sir, will take the I-k d! all the imputatons which
the gentleman from Pennsylvania, or even the Edn-
buruh Review, rIity upon those who utter Tue
sentiment / re.a';'n The proposition of ms friend
from South CaFoiIna tina; even equal taxation, win
unequal disbursements, i an cru-io some extent d
necessary evil, admit; On. when carried beyond The
necessity Of the case, unirsGabe; and when pushed
to great lengths, often nsuPporiab!c. lie who denies
Il al this is an evil only here, but in all Govern.
mcnts must shut his 10 the voice OF history and
close his eyes the lights .: experience. The inc
quality either in taxation or disbursement is intimately
connected with that greatest OF all problems in Po-
cal science-I mean the question 10 the distribution
Of wealth II is this Sir, which from the first organ
zasn of human society has disturbed II most deeply.
1t has divided parties: 1t has overihrown Governments
it has convused, and sometimes dsorganized society
itself The question whether the distribution Of wealth
shall be regulated by industry and skil or by the
artificial distinctions Of law is that upon which main
" depends the stability of every Government and the
happiness Of every people. The one mode OF disfr
button the selfish instinct to STIMULATE produc-
tive agencies to their highest degree Of energy, and
ioT the beneficial purposes; whilst the other, m
yiting plumber, turns upon has brother etier
in open war, in the more siisnt bat scarcely less
deadly conflicts of selfish and unjust egtsaton no
does not see that there IS necessary connexion be-
tween this and the question Of unequal taxation and
sburse and hence have arisen the grea. contests
which have disturbed the social condition OF man, not
only here but elsewhere: IL is not, Sir, as has been
said contest between capital and labor, or between
property and numbers bat between ihe ax-consunins
ana the tax paying paIties ~
", | mean those who receive more money from the
Government than they contribute 10 ii; and by the
tax paying, those who contribute than they re-
ceve;-the one looking to Government fer The means
Of living; the ether viewing IL as necessary but ex
pensive instrument for the protection Of persons and
propertythe interested TO have the revenues as
large and the disbursements unequal possible; the
other interested in equal disbursements and in paying
as little as may be consistent With the attainment OF
the grea, moral ends for which alone they value their
Tho
incentives TO industry diminish and the moral feeling of
the people is depressed The few who administer the
Government, and lay taxes for the mere purpose Of
consuming them, divide the great mass OF those op,
posed to then, by leading class or section OF
the country 10 plumber another Bu; when they have
thus rendered the returns o labcr and the rights OF
property insecure the people ofsaking the honest arts
industry the ballot box ivr :i,e of living;
and sinking under Incidence aud dspraviiy either fail
before the pressure Of invasion from without, or seek
relief from the expressions oi the few, BY submitting
Ia the dcspoiism Of These parties have existed,
and will exist, in all Governments. The history Of