Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1841-12-07

proits and charges included) without Ill "''i's '1N
lion and the ready money duties; with these 'hfy WIN
~ en-, IN the North. and SCI enty-iiv or one hundred
n tho South. The memorial of the New YORK mer-
chats. presented at III 8 SESSION, especially says: $780,.
Twenty per ccnthm duty : a protection .. no aad,irm Ia The
nr c.n,uul Ia domestic manufactures, because, Ia a""h iun " US
duty, the expenses "f importation ate about seven anu = na -
centim, aud the profit 10 The importer Is pfo'''y a'"' '"e''
and a half per ceut" ,,, .,
Tbs would put forty per cent. on the blanket a.
New York, when II LEFT the importer : lianas ~ =" '"e'
The hands of the retailer, who would have ms prom
mon tb,s forty. aud adj twenty five or hiiy TO VI
RI, now for home valuation and cush uut'es'
blanket, under the new bill, 10 10 pay Tue lwt".y -
crntun on the value of the article ! '"s -
which ;,npor,ed: which, IN New York, may anu '"e"
~ ,.r c.nlnn 10 the value; ia R'chniona 'h,.y PEI
csn,un. IN Charleston forty: IN New orleans my.
This alone will carry up the twenty pei n
twentv.6ve. thirty, and upwards oil th'rty. ineneo"
tho caab nayment %. this duty, when is an aaSa"e' %
-. ,dysntured in trade by the merchant, ana on
which he must have his mercantile proit. A't'I '"a'
comes profit upon the whole trst, to the whoiesale
merchant, and then To the retailer ano' IN '"'''" W.
The whole. comes ten per centum TO the custom mouse
oG..r. fall expenses included for the cost "f coiltc.
lion 40 tina, by the time the blanket gets to the pea OF
the lsborer, hr has paid from fifty 10 twenty-five per
centum tax upon it and that I" enao'e .e ""Se.n
ment TO receive twenty per c'htunh. ouch az W.
work;nys of taxation, and of taxation under ihis new
tariff. which is brought upon MS by Southern Jules
.o,., f,om that quarter of the Union where these com
mon blankets are most used, anu ae 'o pay ''"'
because there valued highest.
So much for blankets: Now for salt. Here 5 a New
York and a New Orleans price-curren': thry SNOW
Won that salt is valued ahnut double as high IN each OF
these ports as il costs where made, and IN New of
leans Just twenty. five per cent. higher IMAM IN New
York. This will double the duty IN one place, ana
more than double II in the other. With all The 'r'm.
m;nps of home valuation, ready money duty, cost al
collection, wholesale and retail merchants Pr"h'' Tue
duty upon salt, especially in the South ana So"th"cs''
must be at last one hundred per cent. to the cohs"ni,
er; and this al a time when The whole "est eApsoHu
il TO be free of duty, and when, IN fact hnnoreo a 7
- -, r,,,I, mazda frpp mr. the nd vautaUp
nc ,,e manufacturer. The Democracy intended L"
make this article free: they would doubtless nave
liberated 1t from tax the first session they were IN
mower, but Federalism avails itself of an accidental sn.
,eyior,ty at this called session, to throw away the iaho
revenus-snd to increase, and p~erpetuate the salt tax.
say increase, and perpetuatc; for the increase IS proved
in LAYING the duty upon the home value, and making
the duty a ready. money tax: the perprtuiiy IS aVo"eo
bv The Senator from Kentucky [Mr. Clay who declares
who now declares, and that Tor the first time-thai
the compromise makes it perpetual: This IS a new
reading Of that famous act, and a very alarming one
and seems TO present the act something like Ipsar 81
will. in the hands Of Anthony-prcsenting som1 u
thing new every day. We are now told fofa- +
first time, that the salt tax IS TO be perpderai c
and perpetual it certainly would be II ne strong Ii
Whigs remained in power. But OF % all this, II
doubts are we'll entertained. In addiiG fourth or a /
this tax is to be unequal! 1t is tod at the mouth /,
half higher South Of the Po!onafk and Bosion.- ,
Of The Mississippi, than at NeNh duties VIII make =
The home valuation and The working OF the new {
this difference. And this duty kept on-dn,y IN /
tariff upon the article of.ib.e- unequal IN all parts OF {,
creased-perpetual, u IN the South and West, where r
the Union-and hiN made. al present, and always
most needed and faxed by the bushel-so many cents
heretofore. salad as the bushel was the same all over
on the bushS the tax was every where tie same. II
the Uniqh and invnriahle from PassainaiIodGy bay
was urb,ne lake. Nnw IT will vary al every port: and
TO ttSou,h the tax Will be double what it is in III.
;rti.
This. Sir, is the operation oftbe new %taritI-,le prac-
teal working of that first daughter Of the land bill
on two articles of prime necessity, and Indispensable
use and as IT is """. these two, So IT will be on each
and eve, a,ucle of the long last OF free goods, amount
ing to seventy six millions OF dollars, and til" respect
able last Of low dut,ed goods, amounting 10 fourteen
millions of dulars, which came into the country during
the last year of MIR. Van Buren's Administration, with
so much advantage to our foreign commerce, SO much
relief TO the citizen, and 50 much brnefit to the South
ern ports-to Charleston, New Orleans, and others
which were growing and prospecting upon an increased
foreign trade. New Orleans especially was growing
upon this ,rade-upon free trade and low duties-but
home valuations and cash duties wall eatiagu,sh tins
source Of her prnsperity-wn a%nn:hilate her as All
importing cIty-will make her again a SECOND hand i'm
porter from the city Of New York-giving 10 that city
Two sets OF profits upon her trade, one set upon the
exports, the other upon her imports. All that will then
be wanting to complete her misfortune will be a branch
Of National Bank, controlled by New York aud Lon
don merchants, 10 make money scarce IN the fall when
the crops are coming INTO market, and these foreigners |
want to purchase produce; and plenty in the spring,
when they want 10 sell merchandise. This is The game
they pdS ed WIN so IHUcn pre- Mt 10 themselves ind
damage 10 the country, when they had a Branch Bank
there; and 10 wonder the same gentry want another |
for the same neiarious purpose.
How shall speak # the Constitution: ,ha. ins,ru.
ment, once SO sacred, nov so piiiatip under the eb.
surd constructions aud forced lhir rprelattons daily M,
upon IL. VIVA, Shall | say "f IT. aud of the argumen,
Of the gentleman from Virginia, IME. Archer,l who
finds n power to do what Congress p!easps with this
land bill revenue IN The clause which authorizes it sta
dispose IF The Territory IF lac laued Suites" Ii he
hYn rpad n yyprd I,rtfn. La ,ronlJ b.,a e.ap tho, /
this same power To dispose Of territory, extended to
'Other Prcpsrty; 80 that there is nn,hing peculiar IN
the power that relates 10 land. Congress may dispose
of all the property Of The Union -lands-money-
ca Ilol-evcry thing. IL may
dispose OF all; but all for the purposes known To The
Cnns,ituton-to carry into effect constitutional mea-
sures-to do what is authorized 10 be dune-and to d.
nothing else. This is the way TO understand The power
10 dispose of TERRITORY; and in the same way must be
understood the power to lay taxes, aud 10 borrow mo-
ney. The taxes laid, and the money borrowed, must
be Tor constitutional ntlecls-not iur the arbitrary or !
gratuitcus disposal OF Congress Take the clause Ia
borrow money; CONSIDER II without r, ference To ihr rest
Of the Cnhsti!utnn, Us The gentleman would consider
the land und propert, clause, and whit hrcnncs of ii:
An unlimited grant of power Ia borrow money frr un-
known and unlimited purposes. Ln"k at 1t 10 borror
money on The credit IF the I. 5" That is all. Il" borrow
money, without saying for what purpose; but the phrase
relates back To The purposes before ex pressed-, relates
to The res, Of the Constitution, and must be taken in
subsection and subordlnation to The conditions and lin
itat ons of the instrument. SD OF the power TO dispose
OF iand aud property. "The Congress sdaN hare Po,o.
er 10 dispose If and make al needta rules and rrgu.
latioas respecting Me ierrtiOrg or other property Geioas-
ing to The I. S" This IS the same phrascolngy used
III relation 10 other powr5a. The Objects and uses are
expressed at the beginning, and are implied and under
stood IN every CUBS. qucnt grant. R-peiitious were
needless-would have been antclngnus-and must
say once more, and forever. that when Congress has
disposed Of land or property it must take up tie las;
OF lis granted powers, look TO the catalogue Of It's pre-
scribed duties, search out the objects committed to lis
care; and then in virtue Of this power which it finds, III
discharge Of this duty which it feels, and in accom-
%pli-hment of this object which ii secs. Il muGi apply
the proceeds Of the lands ar other property as IL would
the proceeds of loans or taxes. In this way, and in
this way alone, can the Constitution be preserved or
executed. To give independent meanings 10 detached
sentences, is to pervert, distnr,, destroy and falsify thu
instrument. II cannot be detached and executed piece