, 1841-10-23

tipbSs VIC po"cIS Vi Liz StutCo Il CACluSlFc
within, | speak in general terms. There are
indeed, others not reducible to either Of these
classes; but they are too few and nconsider.
able to be regarded as exceptions.
On the moderate and prudent exercise oil
these, its interior powers, the success Of The
Government, and with it our entire political
system mainly depends. II the Government
should be restricted in the exercise 20 the
objects for which they were delegated, peace
harmony, and tranquility would reign with
in; and the attention of the Gov
eminent, unabsorbed by fis,;sci;ng qacs.
tons within, and Its entire resources unwas-
ted by expenditures on objects foreign 10 its
duties, would be directed with all its energy
to guard against danger from without, to
give security to our vast commercial and
navigating interest, and to acquire that
weight and responsibility for our name in
the family Of nations which without belong
TO the freest, most enterprising. and
most growing people on the globe. If
thus restricted in the exercise of these. the
most delicate Of its powers, and in the exer-
cIse OF which only it can come in conflict
with the Governments Of the States, or in
terlere with their interior policy and inter-
est, this Government, with our whole politi-
cal system, would work like q charm.
and become the admiration of the world
The States left undisturbed within their
separate spheres. and each in the full possess
SION OF its resources, would with that gener-
Gus rivalry which always takes place be-
tween clusters OF free States of the origin
and language, and which gives the greatest
possible impulse 10 Improvement, carry ex-
c~ellence in all that is desirable beyond any
former example.
But il, instead of restricting these pow
ers L, their proper objects, they should be
perverted to those never intended; If for cx-
ample. that Of raising revenue should be per-
vertcd into that of protecting one branch of
industry at the expense OF others; that OF
collecting and disburs'ng the revenue. into
that of Incorporating 4 great central bank 20
be located al som favored point. and p!a-
ced under local control; and that of making
appropriations for specified objects. into that
of exDending money on whatever Congress
should think proper;-all' this would be re-
versed. Instead of harmony and tranquility
within. there would be discord. distraction.
and conflict, followed by the absorption of
liit dlNCIIllbll " bllC Sth Z u IiiIltil. diIu tNlliiS-
ted Of II, means and energy on objects new
er intended to be placed under its %cun,rol, to
the utter neglect uf the duties belonging 10
the exterior relations of the Government,
and which are exclusively confided TO its
charge. Such has been. and ever must be
the effect oil perverting these powers TO OBJ
jectS foreign 10 the constitution. When thus
perverted. they become unequal in their &C
ton, operating to the benefit of one part or
class. 10 the injury of another part or class
In the benefit of the manufacturing against
the agricultural and commercial portions. or
OF the non productive against the producing
class. TIE more extensive The cuuntTy, the
greater would be the inequality and Oppres-
sion. In ours, stretching over two thousand
square mile, they became In,olerabIe when
pushed beyond moderate limits. 1t Is then
conflicts take place, from the struggle on the
part OF those who are benefited by the ope-
ration of an unequal system Of legislation TO
retain their advantage, and on The part Of the
oppressed TO resist II. When this state of
things occurs. it Is neither more nor less
than a state of hostility between the oppres-
sor and the oppressed-war waged not by
armies. but by laws; acts and sections OF acts
are sent by the stronger party on a ~plunder-
ing expedition, instead OF divisions and bri-
which often return more richly laded
with spoils than a plundering expedition af
ter the most successful ioray.
That such must be the effect Of the svs-
TEN or measures now attempted to he forced
on the Government by the perversion Of its
interior powers, ! appeal TO the voice of ex-
in aid of the dictates of reason. Ii
back to the beginning Of the Government,
and ask what, at ITS outset, but this very sys-
tenn of measures, caused the great struggle
which continued down 10 1929, when the sys-
tenn reached its full growth in the tariff of
year9 And what. from that period to
the termination Of the late election which
the present party into power, has
disturbed the harmony and tranquility of the
country. deranged its currency, interrupted
its business, endangered lis liberty and insli-
but n struggle on one side to over
and on the other TO uphold the sys-
TENT In that struggle it fell prostra,e; and
what now agitates the country-wha, causes
extraordinary session, with all its excite
meni, but the struggle on the part of those
power 10 restore the system; 10 incorpo-
~ y.