Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1841-11-23


jects.
partnership cannot righfuy be applied 10 other than
the joint and enumerated Objects. What lawyer OF
even village referee would dare TO hold that either OF
these could be given away used for the sepa
rate debts and purposes Of Of the firm while the
firm continued and in debt and needed the income
of all its property? The division OF the JOINT or com
mon property would likewise be dissolution OF inc
compact if not otherwise provided for, aud tend Se
this entire dsunon, and the ruin OF the pn1'nefsnp
concerns. Under these views, and our wen kho""
embarrassed condition as common eonieoeiaoy ~
this crisis the common property or common iuhuS can
M, no o;ven In ;,s sepsrate members 10 be used scpa
rately and for local Objects as Is proposea py l'S
without, in my opinion, an open, c.ea'' h"S" ~ n
lion of The whole object of the cessions ano OF AL 'he
constitutional regulations as " use "'o 'f "
the public resources
NAV be too strong in this conclusion from 'hese
nre,nses alone But whether so or not, there are sun
other material considerations, which greatly tend TO
strengthen It, - -,
Thns. the original idea of distribution, whether
of money lands, was to appropriate lnem 10 some
one OF the great national supposed by It's rends
TO be con6ded to the General Government, anu MOI
otherwise.
Tho only difference, very material from usual ap-
propra,ions 10 those objects, to let the Stale ex-
mend these appropriations for common ana JOINT ooeets,
rather than for the General Government 10 10 y. u'
bv this bill We neither designate the objects OF expen
dure so as TO make them in any body view national,
nor retain the control The expenditure SO as 10
have it applied only to purposes contemplated ana au-
thorzed by the Constitution. ms IS Poi'eh'uus us
narture from principle as we'll precedent and tends
10 break down every constitutional barrier in use ell
Their for property or money. ca,
Go back Sir, fifteen years. and listen TO some ofthe
first whispers of distribution, and mark The dangerous
denarture since. Then it distribution proposed
merely of surplus in the Treasury, and not pnrtcu'
larry Of the public lands Then it was proposed 70 DC
made Of beyond our current wants. ana NOT
of what we forthwith needed-not wheh we "eie ei,'
In
,,ras and OBLIGED TO raise by additional taxes the whoe
md even more than all distribute II was to be aso
NJ onlv an accidental excess, because II permanent
ono was conceded all sides TO be proper to prevent
hy reduc,iop of the tariff and avoid by all means,
constant distribution. II was then, likewise, to be ex-
pressv required in the act of to be applied
exclusively to objects deemed national by its friends,
and therefore constitutional.
When. in 1881 or 1882 project originated for giving
away the public lands, their proceeds, it had become
probable that the duties would soon be reduced, after
the payment of the public debt Hence, 1t was per
ceiyed by the manufacturers, that unless the lands
were given away, the duties would be too much re-
duced and the protection too much essened, for their
interests. The dminuton would be three mllllonl
more than if the proceeds given away or app
priaed TO some great and exclusive OBJECTS Bb less
anv body then propose keep duties high, T;v,r;hu
10 raise duties higher for the sole purposesmp 10 dis
ton Or did they dare then, at first to
tribute the lands in order to help tbol;tical ambition
or for any other purpose, whether RESTRICTING the use
or personal ACKNOWLEDGEMENT, to what they consi.
OF them IN tne apPfopr.ao what had the appearance
of being constitutional cky limited expressly the use
the Senator from ~ lands TO educaton, internal i'm
OF the proceeas saon, reimbursement OF any ex-
provemen' eolHacled for internal improvements =
,s.lng oeo. 81 the Senate, July 3D. le32)
(See Joulpch Of that Senator June goth, lc, urged
Inc age of his bill because those objects were "aii
Inc l in their nature, and therefore constitutional
ma ma W. read extracts from The specify
Go step further, and look at the same learned Be-
nator's speech delivered January ii in that same year
rejoice TO find that he there also supports my present
poston and indeed goes far as to say virtually not
only that duties should not be raised to be distributed,
but measure in the form of tie very bill now be-
fore u.s. would be both unwise and unconstitutional In
order to avoid any msconcePtIon OF ms meaning, VIII
give bis own words: -...,..
making his inquiry tsad Mr. cayl tn, s. anssS Sa
which S%e in de to aeeumuia,e surplus Treasury
for the purpose Of subsequent distribution among IN" @
surplus is from tho pockets Of portion OF the eo
pie 70 &c &c aended with the certain loss arising charges
nj collection The less also OF Interest wbie inc money
psrormnc the necessary circuit and would therefore he IN,
wise If is to collected portion Of The people and
given would be unjust II il to be gwen r n 10
expenditure know Of ne Prls' a m an s sa,lo for
The States no, Of sny R ss aay from the
In the teet, Of all this, the specific appropriation in
that bill was afterwards stricken out. The money was,
cy to be vested by them in their public expenditure;
and the bill as ought to have been even on ITS au
,hor's own reasoning, then virtually vetoed by one
Of our fearless Presidents Gen Jackson IN some res
pects sthc modest Roman Of them al, dared TO stem
The tide of popular deson and conceded IN The prln-
cpc avowed by the father of The measure at The conf
encement Of that year, when he Alr Clay) SAID:
81 know Of principle in the Constitution winch au-
thorzes the Federal Government to become such COL
lector for the States.
ADMIN in 1886 the distribution made OF sur
plus and one accidental, not designed nor permanent
The excess also given away, but loaned on de-
posite 1t was expressly stipulated 10 De re'urheo'
whenever needed for the current expenditures OF the
General Government If il had been gilt, 1t is well
known that the bill would never have been signed ny
the Executive Look also 10 analogies elsewhere. Did
the State Of New York, in 1887 give money property
IA her embarrassed citizens? No, SIR. Oa the con-
trary il made loan; both in form and substance Even
England, with her omnpotent Parliament, has antho-
rzeG only loans some occasions 10 ana her efcah'e
or manufacturing classes in great commercial convn!-
sions but seldom if ever, resorted TO gilt 50 lavish,
wasteful, and unconstitutional, the present one
The tendency of this measure in another respect,
goes undermine the strongest foundations OF our pre-
sent form of Government 1t changes, IN most I'M
portan particular the whole relations between The &c.
neral Government and the States The power OF the
former is fearfully increased by virtually conernS on
il the whole taxing authority for the whole Union, Tor
local well as general Objects inns power Oh AKA
tion whether BY direct or indirect means-by stamp
acts internal duties excises all to be concentrated
here and the immense resources thus accumulated, as
we'll present vast control over all foreign ana &C.
neral relations 10 be welded at discretion BY great
central consolidated monarchy Yes, Sir, practical
monarchy long in such event. is as inevitable as
that the genest gales may be swollen into tempests
and pestlence tester into death.
On the other hand, the States, once independent
sink into most humating reliance for daily bread on
their former servants. The sovereigns become the
slaves. Our whole system becomes metamorpbOsed
and the original attitudes and relations between the
members Of the Union and the Union itself, are virtu.
ally dissolved This, say, Sir, from personal convic
ton; and in this am backed by the fearless and in
flexible freemen of the State help to represent AT
the last session of her Legislature the following among
other sagacous resolutions, was adopted:
Rssord Thu, the distribution public revenue whether
may have proceeds Of the sales OF the public