The daily Madisonian. [volume] (Washington City [i.e. Washington, D.C.]) 1841-1845, 1841-12-22

INF beat n ter sts and true policy of the country 10
'pporon III IN among the various species of imports
an TO favor our own manufactures at the same time
that the revenue itself il benefited and no injustice
done 10 any, would seem proper and wise reject
arbitrary limits and the idea OF forced and unnatural
uniformity.
The undersigned feels no difficulty in admitting
that duty OF twenty per cent. al vaorem assessed
upon the value of imported articles in our own ports,
would in many instances be rate sufficiently high
for the benefit of the revenue and also afford reason
able encouragement TO home producer of the
cles As 10 those, therefore, the object of the Of
1888 will be accomplished II its provision for home
valuation he carried out by Congress But he still
supposes that there several descriptions Of import
ed'mdnufactures and produce, which would well bear
higher duty Than twenty per cent. upon the hsme
value, and thus yield greater To the Govern
ment while, in regard TO some Of hem, it will be
found that without such increased duty, the labor of
large classes, engaged IN producing similar articles,
will be greatly depressed, II not entirely supplanted
1t is unquesiionably true, and well worthy Of re-
mark, that the act 1888 WAS avowedly conservative in
its objects and character and while il was designed
To remove hat was esteemed grievance by one part
of the country ii was intended that the interests
of any 9TH should be sacrificed by it, On the
traIy a reasonable security was intended for all It's
true spirit therefore viii be hu, carried out by acting,
under any new state of circumstances with reference
to the great Objects and doing justice alike to
all The great prime pie OF that act was moderation
and Cancellation, and this should never be lost sight
OF. but the measures anu necessary 10
out that prime pie may be changed, if the altered cir
eumsian ces OF he country call Tor such change with
out any departure from he principle itself
Nothing is more established by experience, and
the experience of other nations, than that the aug
mentatiln of duties docs not augment in equal
degree the of the article 10 the consumer. In
many il appears not 10 increase that cost at all
Very often HE price The consumer is kept down,
notwithstanding an increase OF duties, partly by the
greater supply OF the home production, and partly by
the reduction ofte p,ce ia the foreign market It's be-
hryed nderd, that there have been cases IN which
the uint operation OF the two causes has occasoned
prices To Sll lnNer than thy before the increase
OF duties was laid.
lhs result IN The operation Of trade and business
migh re- ,dly be traced oats bat full expo
ston OF ia causes, and the modes OF their opera
ton wou' loo much swell this report Suffice II 10
say, that when an additional dulY LAID ON an article,
in { ,untry in which that article Is extensively con-
suncd Tie burden always ulls 10 part and sometimes
experience has shown, altogether, upon the foreign
PRODUCES. Th,' foreign lroduc,rmus sell, and j. IN
the Place Of sale, he finds Article produced on the
spot which comes into advantageous competition with
his own by reason OF paying duties, he still must
sell and for the sake OF being able to do IT. he must be
content to bear the burden of the duties himself The
duty borne by the foreign producer in such cases Is
like the charge for transp oraiion-it Is something
which is necessary Ia bring him into the market OF
competition. Analogous instances occur IN domes
tic trade. The wheat grower OF Indiana, who incurs
port, expects M higher Price or 1t whenn arrives
there paid Tor flour Of the qualify To pro-
Jucers IN the immediate neighboIhood. he cost OF
transportation therefore, doe not operate 81 much TO
the price at the place OF sale al TO diminish ~ al
the place of production Now, the great law which
regulates prices by drmond and supply is sternly OBJ
served in cases OF foreign importation, as IN TINS m
stance OF domestic trade The undersigned cannot
fnbe add that silly the greater proportion Of
the agricultural population OF the United States Is
Vl.. h..n ,lattn
salent its products, although large part Of those
products wheat for instance Is such as often enters
extensively into the consumption OF the world lhe
quanl'y OF flour and Indian corn exported from this
country is altogether lnconsderab!e IN comparison
with the quantity consumed in the large cities and
manufacturing towns which have either entirely
grown up or added largey 10 their population under
the influence Of laws of Congress, passed since the
end Of the last upon domestic labor and industry
! The immense interchange OF products all being the
result Of labor which now takes place between the
producers of subsistence and the population above
mentioned shows the advantage which one class Is to
the other and the essential Importance TO both OF pre-
serving their existing relations. II the consumption
of flour and grain III the manufacturing DISTRICTS es
pecially the North and East decline to that extent
there IS an absolute loss to the whea, and grow
err since the quantity consumed by them will Ind a
market no where else. To say nothing, IN this con
ne ron OF the incalculabe Importance OF home mar
ket the producer OF The great article OF cotton and
|
undersigned cannot but persuade himself that all VII
see and acknowledge the great value to that Class o
PRODUCERS OF the Northern and Eastern maTket-tht
only considerable market, indeed, which is perma
| nently open TO them upon the face of the earth
SO long as the policy of other countries shall con
tnue to exclude the products OF our agriculture from
their ports and thus deny TO Us the advantage OF
fair reciprocity in trade ii would appear 10 be equal,
the dictate of policy and of justice TO our people to Sc
cure them far may be reasonably ana proper,
/ -. st~,, th.tr nr,l.tn 4
| their own country.
| The undersigned is Of opinion that the condi' lor
of the Treasury and of the country demands an aug
mentation of the revenue. IL cannot but be the tru
policy of Government TO e1tnguish the amount o
debt how existing soon as practicable and TO avo
| Increasing it, The creation of debt by loans ant
other resorts, for revenue to supply deficiencies OF re
guar income, cannot but be regarded, IN time o
peace as injudicious and Objectionable he genera
credit Of the Government, always good, has bee
greatly raised both at home and abroad, by the fac
that il has fully aid of and discharged the deb
created by the Revolution and by subsequent wa
with England and wars with the Indians tribes
The preservation of this high credit Is OF the umos
importance 1t I've The necessary reliance OF IN
Government if, in the Nicssitudes OF HQman ahair'
sudden war should come upon u.s. requl large an
immediate expenditures Exact pune iIy In 10
prynent of interest, while the debt shol continue
and its ayment soop as the time Of payment al
rives as well as the known ability and honor OF IN
Government, are tn means Of inspiring that genera
confidence which shall at all times enable it TO use
credit TO the greatest advantage
The estimate expenditures Of the Government ic
, the coming year will exceed its probable income D
sl42l9 SO 6S Should Congress authorize relssu
Of Treasury notes to the amount of 50 ,OOOOoO, an
The balance Of the loan be disposed OF, there will II
main i, felt of So rs $40 for which provision mu
be made by law But it is not supposed that Coz
,Tsss will ieen ii advisable TO restrict the income
The Cis dtnnirnt ~ the precise amount ot !'@ exPei
ditutes There ought to he surplus oi at leSsl
millions 20 meet Unforeseen emergencies ia lht pull
service amt should even the proceeds OF the sdIt3
: the public lands be whifawn iron the s,-es a :
erynce 10 tie receipts on that source ia lhe Lsl al
present wears VIII show that deficiency Ia he +
7 venue 10 meet che wants % the government 100
stilrcmain.
The state ofthe national affairs, the disposition
y the Government in which II is believed the pcop
, fully participate Ia put the country into respectful
state OF defence and especially to support and stenst
/ en- the military marine, all appear 10 suggest the pr