New-York tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1841-1842, 1841-04-30

DIAL We stimulate me production articles rhict
not produce advantage and nure the proucos OF others
to which our soil ard climate particularly adapted
A,an protcctionis further injurious production b: in
creasing the cost Of the articles produced In order 70 con
pete successfully with other aa;ions must be able 10 ex
change with favorable terms others; TIA; 49,
we mus; sell As low. Ii sell lower 20 much 'le
greater Is orr advantage. Thus it rae cents 70
raise pound of cotton and that price compesc
with other nations should at clght cents be able TO u
derse them and supply tho market whereas, at zen GEMS
should be driven OF the market. he cost Of pro-
ducfion IS hcrefore. Of great importance Nowltls
clear that if the price OF goods consumed be very much IN
creased effect be to increase the cost OF production
duty on iron adds the nachncr. made OF iror-
on wool and cloth the OF wearing apparel-on the
supplies OF the table the daily expense OF living fol-
lows therefore that the whole which protection IN
the the OF produston is the Country the loser
anJ the production injured
ID Protection is injurious commerce. This position
follows so naturally from the last that should hardly have
given distinct place had been stouty dcied by
the advocates OF protection The direct OBJECT OF COM
mercc SAYS Mr. Barnard. (Ncrchants Magazine, vol.
page p is the exchange of commodities O course there
must be commodities be exchanged; AID the more
OF them thernav be- the considerable ll be the b-
sincss and the profits OF exchange II this be true what
ever yors production advances hepreesiy Of commerce.
and the other hand whatever injuries protection retards
Its prosperity.
Ii is commended however, by the advocates of restriction
tina; the protective policy is beneficial commerce Mr.
Greeley in one of the articles already alluded to- (yol
page So speaking OF the free trade school OF politicians
saws Their fears of destruction gna decline OF COM
merce under the influence of the protective policy have been
shown to BE- utterly deusvc Take the when that
policy was prelloarnat-from 1924 lG34and its ren
may safely defy its opponents 10 show any ten successive
wears when commerce uniformly, generally and
wardly prosperous.
OF course we do not know on what information Mr. Greeley
has based this conclusion But have carefully eNamaed
the official tables OF exports and Imports &c, and
do not find that they his OF the he
rho ron inc
1909 nj which time the embargo laid, ISL 3d.
which something than S3 80 per head Tor the popu
ation The average from 1871 1923 inclusive under the
operation of the tariff Of 1916, S76,0S8793, about
S. per head for population The average for the period
cntionca bv Mr. Greeley Viz. from 1924 to 1888 inclusive
was SCI 254 302 OF about So 30 per head for the pepul
ton The acreage from 1884 1889 inclusive, under the
Gradual reduction of the compromise and still budcned
by the restrictive policy SIG 4947 or about 81
pr head for the population
Now it will be seen glance, that far from exhibiting
the greatest commercial prosperity the ten years spoken OF
by Mr. Greeley really the most depressed OF any since
the adoption OF the Federal Constitution, unless it may be
those which followed the restrictions OF 1908, and those
which are included in the OF 1872 which have not
taken the trouble to calculate. 1t will also be that
ycars of free trade prior 1908 those OF the greatest
commercial activity the exports compared with the pop
unton being Just about great they were in the
period specified by Mr. Greeley. 1t worthy OF observation
too that the passage of the compromise act noti;
standing the depressing OF the times our foreign COM
nlcrcc has felt the stimulus OF tree trade and experienced
gradually progressive increase.
If We turn our attention the of tonnage,
shall meet with precisely the same result During the TWO
active wears Immediately succeeding the peace OF 1914 under
the operations of free trade tonnage amounted 20 ABOUT
ron for 5 persons In 1920 it had decreased to ton
for ncr.ops In 1880 it had further decreased to ton
for about persons There however defects IN the Ia
bes OF tonnage which measure impair their useful,
They are nevertheless good collateral testimony and
in conjunction with the tables of export and import seem
NJ, .t,v1 p-
B,,, nil statistics aside il IS think, quite evident that
protective duties can render aid commerce We have
seen that sbsistS upon production large crop
cotton wheat rice or tobacco must necessarily give
rise to more commercial transactions than small one ana
il be true a. we think have conclusivcy shown that
the protective policy dminshcs production then follows
that also injurious commerce Dr. haSuet justly 90
serves that the high duty dmnises both exports ana
imports 1t diminhes imports by raising the price OF The
imnocd commodity 10 the No nat7n caa afford
to consume many foreign goods at hgh prices as at low
prices since mans income hIicd ana inc extent
70 which he can buy is limited BY his income 1t dlmn-
shcs his exports consequence OF depri'ins foreign ma
lions of the power to pay for them II man who has an
article for sale refuses take IN exchange tor te o
commodity which others have to oier tie cannot possibly
sel The same is the with nation II nation I'M
so foreign articles the of fifty millions OF dollars
can she do this but OF selling MY !loh
worth of her produce The answer must be IN the
And If the proposition whole, must 1t not &c true
In part Il, Tor example ehe re'U9es - P ~ IT,
the extent OF millions OF dollars must not hcr
eypor be M the same reduced to twenty-five mlioRs
President Wayand is if possible still more clear on this
poi,t think says ne, iii is too obvious to need re-
mark that duties on imports haze favorable efec, on
exchange Their only effect must be TO raise the price OF
oc, and of course to diminish The ability in both parties
70 exchange Every knows that the exchanges between
TWO rlnccs are diminished by any natural obstacle to the
communication If road so bad that it cost lye dol
lars per hundred weight transport merchandise between
Two places every knows that exchanges between these
places would be fever than they would be the road were
improved so that transportation could be effected for twenty
i've cents per hundred weight Now it makes no difference
whether tins additional four dollars and seYeny-ve cents be
the result of the badness OF the road or OF transit duty
between the TWO places The dmnution OF exchange which
il causes will be precisely the same And in conclusion he
adds therefore think evident that government can do
nothing to facilitate exchanges by means OF discriminating
duties
3. Protection is injurious national woalth II what