davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1841-02-19
ron rnK ILLINOIS FREE TRApET
Wy Native Land.
How often has the poet sung


How often has the poet sung
The charms of Italy
It's mountains, where the clouds seem hung
Its brilliant star-lit sky;
Its vinc-clad hills and shady bowers;
Its sot, and balmy air,
Made fragrant by the breath of flowers
Forever blooming there;
And every thing of loneliness
That feeble language can express.
But all the charms Of Italy,
Though beautiful they are,
My own dear native land with thee
They never can compare:
Tor this, this is the halowcd spot
That gave fair Freedom birth.
would not think that this is not
The loyeicst spot Oh earth.
o! Il is dearer far TO me
Than any other land can be.
America! my native land
Thy very name is dear.
The throne of liberty shall stand,
BY patriots guarded, here.
Thou art the land of freedoms birth,
The home Of liberty;
Thou art the glory Of the earth,
Land OF the brave and free
Here all who sigh for freedom come,
And find in thee happy home.
My Native land These simple words
Appear almost divine
They thrill through all the mystic chords,
That with the hcart-strings twinc.
Strangely mysterious is the spell
Those simple words conceal
II Is what language cannot tell
But every heart can feel.
This is the language Of The heart;
My native land, how dear thou art.
The beauties of a foreign land,
Its monuments of art,
Our admiration may command,
But can il touch the heartl
No, no. Though other lands may be
Most beautiful and fair,
Not one among them can with thee,
My native land, compare;
Round thee our best affection twinc--
Our wamesi, purest love is thine. L..
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1841-02-19
TO THE PUBLIC.
BANK OF GALLiroLIs, J
Jan. Is. 1871. (

1t becomes our painful duty TO an
nounce to the public that in consequence
of an unprecedented system of fraud,
practised by the former officers of this in
stitution and which has just come to
light, we have been compelled to stop
business. There can be no doubt that n
large over issue of thc circulation of this
Bank has been made, and most inreni-
ously concealed from the Directors.
until within Il few days past. The ex-
tent of the fraud is not vet asccrtained,
but it is feared that it will prove to be
enormous. We have every reason to ap-
prehend, that agents are still travelling
over the Western country, engaged in
putting these fraudulent issues into circu-
latlon, and we deem it our duty to warn
the public against them. AS soon as
suspicion was excited i'll the minds of the
Directors, the late President and Cashier
were promptly removed, and the Board
OF Directors are now doing all in their
power, not only to ferrit on, the frauds
which have been committed, but to allie
vlate the suiferingS of the innocent and
unfortunate victims.
l.. b. MENAGER, President.
]. j. COQMBS, CASTER.
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1841-02-19

Slgar--rhc consumption of sugar in the nj
ted States is said to be 100000 hogshcad5 per
annum, or one hundred and eighty millions of
pounds. Taking the cost to the consumer at the
average rate Of seven cents, we have the sum of
Sl20OOOOO paid yearly by the nation for the use
of this article.
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1841-02-19
psnnl. of s,nI!ipOlix,

This institution has at length confessed its IN
solyency, and acknowledged its fraudulent trans
actions, as the following card will show We
publish the card in order that our readers may be
on their guard as 4 large number of these bills
are in circulation in this State and the adjoining
Territories:
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1841-02-19

Tie Franklin Rnhoad, from Chambersburr
Pa to Hagerstown Md. has been completed.
There is now a continuous line of railroad from
Hagerstown to Philadelphia.
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1841-02-19

a Ne,C 1errit@y.-The Iowa News gives the
name of Dacotha Territory to portion of the
country now within its borders, and which it says
will be formed into distinct territory when Iowa
is admitted into the Union.
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1841-02-19
For the Free Trader.
E;ccicsinsiiCaI.

A Baptist church was constituted on the
llth inst. at Pau Pau grove in the follow
ing order, Gas usually observed in the or
ganization Of Baptist churches) -
A council convened, consisting of Elder
Carpenter Of Somonauk, De Kalb co.; FL
der b. b. Carpenter and L. Dixon, Of
Rock River; Elder II. lIeadIey and S.
Stannard, of Greenfield and Elder II.
Powell, of the Vermlion. Elder Car
penler was chosen moderator, and Elder
b. Is. Carpenter, secretary. After devo-
tonal exercises and the usual examina-
tons, the church was organized by vote
of the council, consisting Of ID members.
Elder Powell delivered a sermon on the
occasion, from Nehemiah ii. 2l. The
right hand of fellowship was given by FL
der lleadly. The prayer offered up by
Elder B. B. Carpenter. The hymn com
mencing, "Blcst be the tic that binds"
sung by all. Closed with the bcnedc
ton.
The season was solemn and delightful.
"May this little one become great, and the
small one an exceeding people -
~ -
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1841-02-19

Temperance among the CathOEcs.-Thc Chica-
go Democrat says: In Cook and Will counties
the number OF total abstinence Catholics is more
than double that of all the Protestant scc,s
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1841-02-19

been nominated by the democrats of New Hamp-
shire, as a candidate for Governor of that State.
The wings of Rhode Island have nominated
Samuel w. King for Governor, and Byron Di-
man for Lieut.. Governor.
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1841-02-19
It's said that the British are certifying Haitian
in the most imposing and formidable manner.

Direct TLrlt0R.-In the Legislature Of Mary
land, the committee on Ways and Means have
introduced resolution for direct tax to pay the
interest on the state Debt.
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1841-02-19

lUginia--The term of Mr.. Roanc in the L..
,. Senate expires on the 4th of March next. The
Legislature has fixed upon the 18th instant for
the election of his successor.
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1841-02-19

Tie UGtcd Statcs Army.-By late report of
the Adjutant General of the Army, it appears
that there arc in the United States Militia 675
general officers, 2,s6i general staff officers,
1891 field officers, &c, 81 ALB company officers
total commissioned officers, 72,O5O; non-com.
mssioned officers, musicians, artifceys and pri-
Yates, l,43l ,002. Aggregate, l,5O3,952.
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1841-02-19

R%umption.-At a meeting of the Presidents
OF the several banks of Baltimore and Richmond
held on the 2:l u!timo, they agreed to turn hon.
est and pay their honest debts after the first of
February.
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1841-02-19
Inle from Chinu.

The latest news from China is that the affairs
between her and England are on the point of being
settled. The Celestial Emperor, it is stated, is
willing to pcnait renewal OF commercial inter.
course with England, provided she ovacuate Chu-
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1841-02-19

~ e. BlaadGry.-Coyernor Davis, in trans
hitting to the Legislature of Massachusetts,, Ger.
tain resolutions of the Legislature of Maine, cx
presses his fears that there was no disposition ON
the part OF England to settle the boundary qucs-
ton amicably.
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1841-02-19

Nlpoiem.-Thc veterans of the French En-.
pre- residing in New Orleans, have taken prcpa-
ratory measures for celebrating in that city, tu-
neral service in memory of Napoleon
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1841-02-19

The Nec U. y. Seaate.-Ofthc forty-fvc Sena-
tors elected ~ are democrats, 20 wings. There
are seven vacancies, which will mostly be filled
with wings, who will have decided majority in
that body
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1841-02-19
NEWS BY THE MAILS.

The Mddescx Company, of Lowell, Mass.
have manufactured, TO the order ofthe Baltimore
wings, some beautiful black broadcIoth for General
Harrison to wear when he is inaugurated.
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1841-02-19
s.ntcr---Thc Bank Exploded!

Last evening we received the Times of Feb g.
which fully establishes the above, and places the
insolvency Of the Bank beyond question. The
Times says yesterday morning the streets of
our city were filed with camarous multitude
that poured like living stream into all our banks
but particularly into the portals of the u. S. Bank
Tor specie. The news that this latter institution
had suspended specie payments for the third. and
probably final time, had spread like widfrc among
our citizens the night before, filling them with
apprehension, and changing the oxultation and
confidence of even its warmcst friends into utter
CONSERVATION. Public opinion which was fast
Verging IN It's favor was at once shocked. 4
change came DER its spirit, and now, such is the
mntabllity OF greatness, there is none SO devoid
oil indignation as to do it reverence The run
upon all the banks was Tremendous, and before
noon all OF them except the Western, Philade-
phia, Commercial, Southwark and North Amcri.
ca banks, had ceased redceming in specie their
notes over the denomination Of Five Dollars. A
greater excitement was never witnessed. The
streets were fairly alive with people, and nothing
could be heard but confused hum of inoulry
wonder, anxiety and lamcntation. Cne bank paid
out about 5000 in specie for So notes before 3
o'clock, and we have no doubt many were much
more severely rum
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1841-02-19

The House of Representatives of the State of
Indiana have passed a bill to abolish capital pun
ishment in that State.
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1841-02-19

OF the outstanding notes of the late Bank of
the United States, it is supposed 100000 have
been lost and destroyed.
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1841-02-19

" This morning we received the intelligence
from Lockport, that the Grand Jury, after hearing
evidence for 3 days, have indicted Mcleod for
MURDER.
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1841-02-19

We learn also that another flacas oc-
Cured just in the edge of Indiana, near
the line Of Edgar county. Two or three
individuals bcset man named Striker,
who was accompanied by another man
named Kearns. The assault was made i'll
the public road, out the assailants came
off second best; two of them being badly
wounded, one of them MORALLY, as is
supposed.
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1841-02-19
United state. Bunk.

The sovency of this institution has for some
time been questioned by the fnancjers Of Phia-
delphia and New York. and many spcculations
were anoat as to its ability to resume and main.
tain specie payments, notwithstanding the Banks
of New y ora and Boston had loaned it 81, 600 COO
and It's boasts OF having made ample arrange
mcnts in foreign countries to meet all It's obHqa-
tons. 1t appears by the following article from
the Philadelphia Times, of Feb. 8, that the ins,i-
tuition is even moro "roHeI" than was anticipated,
and dcpIorable enough is the situation of this in
siliuiion, ii the following paragraph speaks the
truth, and we see no cause to doubt it:
SrorPEo P4yugSr.-OR Of S8ec'e.-The
l. :. Bank we are informed stopped specie pay
menti yesterday afternoon about y o'clock.
Notes by two brokers' Of our city were presented
to the amount Of one hundred thousand dollars
They were detained at the counter of the bank
until near o'clock, when the tcllers said they
might as well acknowledge at first as at last, TINT
they had not the specie to give them. What's in
the wind nowl With all its boasts, and its Dor
rowing, has the bank run short already
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1841-02-19
A DANDY.

\ dandy lisa chap that would
Bea young lady if he could,
But as hc can't, does all he can
10 show that he is not a man.
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1841-02-19

Maine Ssna,or.--Gco. Evans has been elected
a U. S. Senator by the legislature Of Maine.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1841-05-10
From HE Wesiern Farmer and Gardener.
SOIL FOR APPLE TREES.

The successful cultivation OF the apple depends
very much on the sutabeness Of the ground they
are planted in. The size and flavor of the fruit,
the general health and duration of trees, are most
commonly the result of good bad soil. Climate
and situation also affect both trees and fruit but
not in the degree in which the same are affected
by the qualities predominant in the land. OF all
the different descriptions of soil to he met with,
that OF soft hazel loan, containing q small per-
lion OF sand seems to he most congenal to the APP.
pie generally. In such soil The tree is seen to
flourish longest is most productive and remains
freest from disease or attack of insects. A great
depth is not requisite eighteen twenty inches
deep being quite enough, provided 1t be on dry
suhsoil OF gravel or loose rock. Ii the bottom he
wet, the trees should be planted high, and every
means taken to drain the ground. wet bottom
of gravclIy clay should be avoided if possible.
Deep rich soils in sheltered situations are not
the most proper for the apple, for il is often seen
that apple trees succeed well in any kind of loam
though il be not more than one foot in depil so ms
the bottom is sound and dry, the rootstOke an ex-
tensiye horizontal range, the young wood is always
of more moderate growth, and beIIer rpened, than
when roots strike deep into the ground.
Although local circumstances often control The
works of the planter, compelling him TO fix on a
site where the soil may NOT be exactly what is re
commended above, he must, in this case, endsavoI
10 make the soil by trenching, draining and by adj
ui'ioh OF 'he qualities waning, bring II MS nlur 10
the standard as possible.
Situation and Aspect for planting 7rees.-The
situation ofan orchard shoisld neither be in the bot
tom of a narrow valley, nor on the Top OF hlll;
in the first, the young wood is never so well rpen-
ed the buds are eIten TOO early excited in the
spring, and there frosts are always more intensely
le!t in the second, fruit bearing trees are Away
TOO much exposed TO winds The most desirable
site is the side of hill which slopes gently to the
southeast, that being the most sheltered situation
in this western country. But when the violence
of a west wind is broken by an intervening rise OF
ground, southwest aspect has been found equal
to any.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1841-05-10
AGRICULTURE.
ROOT CULTURE.

The suffering of cattle foi the want of hay the
present spring admonisbes the farmer to pay more
attention TO the culture of roofs n substitute for
hay, in case OF necessity. BY pursuing this course
the farmers may ensure plenty of subsistence for
their cattle, and the loss which they frequent
y suffer in the panics about stock consequent up
on long winters or short crops of grass. Be sure
to have enough for your cattle to thrive. and you
need not iear low prices for cattle 1t is when far
mers obliged to sell at any rate that they flint
prices going down. We say, then, keep two strings
to your fiddle. You have land enough give
little more labor and you may have sufficient foot
for your stock. Nor need surplus of roots b,
feared: they may be made to increase the manure
when not needed to make beef.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1841-05-10

By ,0hem The old Bank ,cas chartered. The To-
cofocos of our day very Often refer to the Nation
al Bank, chartered by Congress in 1916, as a Fed
eral Institution, conceived brought into existence
and matured by Federalals. There is the same
mistake in this as there usually is in the state
ments and opinions of that class OF men who
never stop to inquire as TO the truth of theories
based upon what are called facts. The question
on the final passage of the Bill for the charter of
Bank of the United States was determined by
the following vote. For the charter 60-against
tl This was in the House of Representatives
In the Senate, the vote stood, for the Charter 90
against ii ~. Of the eighty members who voted
for the Bank Charter, sixty seven were attached
to the Republican party and but - to the Fed =
eral party. OF the seventy. one members who
voted in the House against the Charter there were
as many Federasts as Republicans, -pares up
on the negative vote being considered ms equally
divided. The Republican party had large ma =
Jorlty IN the House, and TWO thirds of those voted
tor the charter of the United States Bank The
vote in the Senate presented still more strik ing
state of facts. The whole vote was "a, and OF
this number twenty-five were in favor of the
Charter, and but IL opposed 10 it, OF the TWEEN
ty-two members who voted in the affirmative, sew.
enteen were Republicans, and five Federalists.-
OF the nays, seren were Federaiisis aud five Re.
plbllcans. II is obvious, therefore, from this sim
pie statement of facts, that the Bank had its exis
tence through the power of the Republican part,
in 1876 All the assertions TO the contrary tht
history of parties shows TO be erroneous. So fa
therefore, from the late ''monster" being of Fed
eral origin the majority Of the Federal party die
their best TO oppose it, and two thirds of tile Re
publican party gave it their influence and th,
strength OF vote, without which il could no
nave passed.-Port. .4dp
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1841-05-10
ENGLISH AGRICULTURE.

1t appears by Il statement by james Mcqueen
to Lord Melbourne, in relation to tho Corn Laws
that the capital invested in agriculture in England
is fifteen times as great MS that invested in manu-
facIures, although her manufactures exceed those
of any other nation.
The annual worth Of grass, including hay, tur-
nips, and straw, is upwards of $600,000,000
Grain OF all sorts 670000000
Produce of natural pastures 10000 600
Butchers meat, poultry, &c. upwards of4l0,O 1000
Products of the dairy, vegetables, &c. 240, 100000
The clip of wool annually is said to yield 000-
600 lbs, and giving an average of over eight lbs.
10 every nhabitant, and at so cts. the pound gives
S90000000.
In this country, with settled territory Of fif-
teen times the extent Of England aud population
truutJ one fifth iess our clip Of wool is 30,G00000
lbs, or less than too lbs. to an inhabtant
Between nine and ten millions, or nearly one
half the population Of England are employed in
agriculture, while only about four millions are en-
ployed in oil other industrious pursuits.
at is calculated that, besides lines and other
enriching substances, the cost of mere animal ma
nures applied to the soil OF Eng land amounts TO
three hundred millions Of dollars being more than
The ualue Of lis whole foreign commerce. Yet the
grateful soil yields back with interest all that is
ayished upon it, And so it would do here, if we
would trust the earth with any portion of our cap
ital But this we rarely do. A farmer who hus
made some money spends it hot in lis business
but in some other occupation. lie buys more !ant
when he ought 10 buy more manure or he put
out his money in n Joint stock company to CONVEX
sunshine into moonshlne else he buys shares
in some goI mine or lead mine. Rely upon il
our richest mine is the barn yard, and that what
ever temptations stocks or shares may offer, III,
best investu ent for the furmer is live stock ant
plough shares"
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1841-05-10

Vegetable Coffee. This is new article in this
country and, unlike many new things, there is
very little of humbug about it. The gentleman
who has been most active in introducing it into
the State, mr. Mormon, Of this city,) sent us a
quantity, which when prepared had the flavor OF
the hest Java. We have procured a quantity of
the seed-half pound OF which, properly plant
ed, will produce crop of one hundred pounds.
We intend TO go into the cultivation of the article,
and the hundred pounds which our crop will cer-
tanly produce, shall be distributed among onr wing
friends next spring. And then Cuba may 20 to
grass Every Wolverine will raise his own Coffee,
and in half dozen years, Michigan will become
' the "Japa" OF the whole Union. Detroit .4dv,
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1841-05-10
Quarter deck and forecastle, 6 8:
Ia 81
100 guns.
Total weight of metal 4O56 pounds.
RrnoJaida O0OQ


The Pennsylvania is larger than any ship in
the British service; and her armament is suppos-
ed to be very judiciously adapted to her class.
| We hope to see few more such vessels put
ahoat by our government; for, Whatever may he
the result of modern improvements in naval al
fairs some force of this kind will still he deslra-
Bile. But ms our policy is essentially peaceful, and
little liable to collision with foreign powers, what
we most want is provision for defence for the de-
fence of our hnrbors aud coasts.
! system Of Sea Coast and Harbor Defence,
adapted to the condition Of modern warfare, is
what we want, and must have. 1t il Notifying
that so powerful nation as this should feel her
self so much ut the mercy Of any invader. Con-
gress should turn their attention, in the first place
and Immediately, to this subject
| There is no doubt, in the opinion Of practical
men, that the most effective way of defending the
coast is by steam vessels OF small SIZE; carrying
two or three guns each, -Paixhan &c Founders.
The cost of such preparation, it is believed will
be much less than any other mode, OF equal eff
cheney.
1t bns been suggested by some persons, stful
in these matters, that, in case should suddenly
arise, il might be practicable TO defend the princ
pal seapors by means of ordinary STEAMBOATS,,
armed a la Pdirhdn 1t is stated that the common
fory-two FOUNDER Of which we have many not in
use, at different arsenns, may he bored out so as
to serve as Paixhan sixty eight.
We have, after all, preparation for war, in this
country, that depends on no accidental military
spirit among the peope-a spirit that needs rather
to be repressed within proper bounds, than excit-
ed. We have another preparation in the mechan-
cal genius in our people, as directed 10 the art Of
war; There WINS never time when many
minds, in all countries, were directed to the study
of military projectes and other subjects connect
ed with war, as at present; and our countrymer
will no doubt, produce greater results than any
other. But there is one other preparation that we
must have, and, as we trust shnll always have, t
wit, A GOOD cAUsE.-JournaI Of Commerce.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1841-05-10
NAVAL DEFENCE.

Inc following is a statement of the armament
auoP.eu Tor me United States ship Pennsylvania
Lower gun deck, % long 80 FOUNDERS and S
Paixhan guns, and Paixhan sho, are III, own from
an 80 FOUNDER.
Middle gun deck, 80 long 80 Founders and A
Paixhan guns.
Spar deck thirty-two 80 pound carronades and
medium 32 pound guns. TOTAL 1873.
Weight of metal Of one Jroadside near 2496
pounds. ~''o
Inc armament Of the largest class of ships in
Inc british service is as follows:
ornament ,o Of one hundred and twsnty guns on
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1841-05-10

Early Potaioes--The best mode we ever tried
to procure early potatoes was to spread out those
designed for seed on grass plot in the garden so
thin that one should not lie upon another-coye
them with horse manure three inches thick-then
lay boards or slabs over this TO keep il moist and
TO prevent the hens from uncoverIng the potatoes
When the sprouts have started an inch or two the
potatoes should be carefully taken up and planted
out in hills. They will rpen TWO weeks sooner
than when the seed is taken directly from the cellar