Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1841-07-09

10 me- ii seems about SO Dtolu IN ~ IL iohU -"
he employs the States 10 do II with his money OF uo:
J, himself at once and directy 10 ne very nuci
the same thing That is an objection 10 lHe p''' WI"
But in the second section II IS PROVIDED mat '''c e
sidue Of the money distributed to the states gehefay
is TO he applied for purposes o eunca'iol, VI '''"
n.~n,cmrnt to reimburse the debt OF the STATE ior
h works or for any other purpose the State Legsla
nra NAV prefer II is true the option Is lett WIN Inc
states bu, here is recommendation, and III some cir
cuns,ances especially in the case OF gill; recommeh-
daon is nearly equivalent to command
Bnt call the attention of the committee to inc pro-
viso in the BILL that nothing therein contained shall IN
any wise prejudice the future application Of reduction
prncne TO the price Of the lands ncr their transfer 10
The States wherein they lie 10 further distribution
The bill then for todayfor the present h"ur-and
Tho present hour only. II an act with repeating
lsnr IN the very face Of it, Do gentlemen call THIS
\ uermanent system for the public lands No; II Is
mere Temporary expedent: IT IS measure OF
dcusion 10 this Government, and oil deiusioh 70 e
States The States at this hour DEBTORS u '''e
raj Government They owe the lwenty,eis unions
n,aced in their hands hy the dcpose act iias lhal
nona, heon maid: No: nor was intended 70 be
mid %, il - debt and this Government can de-
mand Il nj any moment. As the representative OF one
Of the States that received her quota IN 'ial us'roi-
ton or loan should like 10 see my Stale get credit
on her bond which this government nous against
y;ra;n;, But no. you will distribute more and more.
Ths ,ns,surc too is one most likely to produce jea-
lonsy and dissatisfaction between the old and the new
States: bat that is topic on which Will not dwell
We are told we are supply the deficit IN the Urea
sury BIZ imposing duties on foreign Injuries The re-
to Inxnr;es alone il includes all imports the duty on
which * now less than 20 per cent But do expect
,hot The various nccessares of life are to be taxed so
rxorbitany 10 raise the entire amount OF Tue othcE
presume not. And do not look to thc possibility
of raising the sum from wines and silks, or any other
.1la.l Add S.t II la u -
want this money ourselves II IS ineapedieht 10 raise lie
taxes in order to make gratulty TO the STATES
There are other subjects connected with tins bull
which should like to touch upon, especially The loan
bill, but will not go into them now
There is peculiar relation of Virginia to tins ques'
ton which should like to touch upon Tor moment,
in order that we NAV at least assert our c!a ana ho
prejudice our rights by not pressing q ''a'"'i's
them Virginia reserved 10 herseit, i, "ic 'ne s''
coded her lands this Government, ihdih'y ior he'
liabilities in the actual conquest oil these ianns III the
Revolution. hope that some one Of J"''sa a e,
Will introduce an amendment 10 'he o''' ~ Wv
Justice 10 Virginia in that respect -
Having now endeayored TO state what nrc.'ny views
on The subject of distributions shall not advert 10 tia
feature or the bill which contains provision LOT
permanent presumption r'Sh'; nav ~" =. lo'u
gentlemen more familiar than can pretend to be win
the process of actually settling our new lands that u
matters little what laws are on the shrct oil pre-
emption because there is practical right {" Pe-emp
ton in the West established by the common sense and
lonn USAGE of the people themselves AID that all the
benefits Of the system are in fact, fully enjoyed now
rs they Will be should The bill become law he so.
cal rinht of man and his family to the occupation oil
the land he has improved by his labor IS understood
and regarded by his neghbors well by purchasers oil
land az fully they would he, let US pass ever SO
many laws on the subject But there is strange IN
ccngrui,v in mixing up the subject Of presumption IN
this same bill with distribution On this subject, how
ever need de.ain the committee particularly as
shall vote against the bill.
am told that this is party measure; and lie whoie
,cope and tone of the debate shows that such IS the
fact Now, as | am and ever have been party man,
desire TO saw word two. Ii always pa niul TO me
10 be so placed that am compelled 10 speak OF myself;
IN, ,ha, necessity is brought b. others, and not
oy any act of my own; and must advocate my own
party relations | had hoped when came here, that
The Government had been placed, by the act OF Proyi
ience and in consequence of the late melancholy
events such position as would enable Us To assem-
bic az an American Congress, and IN that character 10
attend the great interests Of the country not 10 form
new parties TO wake up angry remenbrances OF the
mast And | can here call gentlemen, all sides II
witness that have had participation III arousing
such feelings here. never find any difficulty III de-
lining my position | may invite the committee TO
look back to the days Of thr Administration CT the ve-
nerable gentleman opposite me, Alr. AdamS,) and
which was succeeded by the era Of another winch came
nto power on the cry Of ''retrenchnent and reform.
We looked for the reiorm-but il not. That Ad-
has now been in its turn supplanted by
another, which promises the same thing-reiorm re.
form | am now waiting and looking TO sec II IT Will
come am ready to use my best efforts, IN my place,
10 bring i, on. But ! would remind gentlemen that
this cry has already deuded the country, and tia, II
cannot do It second time. Reform must come now or
never The people expect It.
Some gentlemen have made me the subject oi dcnun-
ciaon, because hold the same opinion nave al
WAYS held and yet before subjected me 10 sns
"A n liar
character Of the Wing party has been wide and he
rol liberation The party took the name in lc:'3, and
organized themselves that they might resist the en-
croachment of Executive power and 10 reassert the
great principles Of Ango-SaSon constitutional liberty
and they did it. Now the storm has passed: the clouds
have broken awav the sun beams fall brightly and
upon the scene; in power; and now
want 10 know whether American Wing, "a IS sad OF
a British Wing, turns Tory he gets in Office
desire 10 see economy and reform am Tor saying TO
the Executive Keep 10 the right as the law Directs.
Encroach not on our privileges; but keep within yonr
own This is villa, have always said. On this very
ground opposed the last Administration. Eui our
political parties require reform much our Govern
ment They have been too much Presidential parties
parties. One party comes into Congress
pledged to support all that The President shall DO, be II
GOOD or bad right wrong The other party Genes
there TO oppose all he does right wrong and thus,
in trumping in and trumpng out, the interests Of tie
people are sacrificed and all divided into clques
and factions, each TO push the interests OF personal
friend | am The friend of no man in office, as such
Personally and privately, is more the friend OF
the present Executive Chief Magistrate than | am
but will speak by his authority here vii! stand
toward him as ! would toward any other man filling
the Office. viii Judge him by his acs-lf they
right, will go for hem-it wrong, stand ready
to oppose them We have been thrown OH the Exccu-
tive question by the legislative questions that pre-
coded it. The Executive question trust is now
at an end have confidence in the present in
cumbcnt that he viii be constitutional President.
| think h. will never encroach the rights Of the
other Departments Of Government. And the Execu-
tive question being quoted, we are now thrown back
on legislative questions. ! warn gentlemen not TO
stand here and denounce each other for prefer
for men, but 10 rally great legislative ques-
tons and on the Constitution. There is danger that
we may run again the made career The strength
Of the Executive never formidable till Con-
gress makes il The President never can be ~
rant III! Congress is ready for master. ! wish to
proicssed principles practised upon. stand up
for them. But If shall now fall into the cr-
rors in l529, Congress may again, as II then did,
prepare the way for Executive entertainments and
usurpa'ions We have now an opportunity Of putting
THIS Government upon the right tack, and keeping it
there invoke gentlemen Of all parties to unite and lend