Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1840-01-09

rock" where it is protected from the river D. slope
wall 1873 yards long and 10 feet high, and also by a
riprap wall 2G7 yards in length.
BY lock No 43, having lIft OF tect we ascend 70
the forty-fhird level The length OF tins lever IS Two
miles and 23G yards and the average depth oil cutting
was about feet through hard clay, IN some parts NIX.
ed with coarse gravel On the first part OF this level
the line encounters cliff known under the denosnIia
lion of Guiding Hill The canal IS here protected
BIZ riprap wall averaging IL feet in height: THIS ic-
vel has / culvcts of feet span the other three
of feet each, and farm bridges.
Lock No A. which has lit of feet, raises MS to
the forty o~SM level This level is Il miles and IS
wards long, and the average depth of cutting was II
feet through clay It passes Porrdge Greek BY
stone aoueduct built of rubblc masonry, wltIth' OK
ceptionS tn no mentioned.
The arch of this aqueduct has span of So feet and
the abutments rise feet above the foundation. The
wings are curved instead Of being square like those OF
other aquedncts on the line On each side of the arch
on the upper and lower sides of the aqucduct there are
plaSers feet wide extending from The foundation TO
the coping. These of cut work, out OF trap or
iron stone found short distance up the creek. The
rinp-stoncs water table and coping also cu', the
stone having been brought from Lynchbur@. being a
distance of ABOUT IL miles. The shecting of the arch
is rubble work. the blocks of stone being hammer
dressed into proper shape All the aqueduct is based
upon solid rock and is well cemened and groused from
top TO bottom.
The waterway is 81 feet wide at the top-waer line,
the surface of the water
On this level = road bridges, the one to accom-
MEDIATE the road to Stonewa Mills Ferry, Immediately
opposite to two furnaces and forge for the mann-
acte of iron the south side of the river the other
10 accommodate the road TO Stapess Nal. There are
also 3 cuIvcrs two Of Which each of feet span,
and the other of ; feet.
By lock No Is We ascend eight feet to the foryGfh
level which extends to Joshua S Falls Dam, distance
Of 81 miles The average cutting about u feet,
Ia, all lt 1pi- pb1r
The works Of art upon this level are afncduct, cul-
vcrts, = firm BRIDGES dam across the river, and ]
guard-lock.
The aqucduct which conducts the level over Stovall
Creek is built Of rubble masonry, with the exceptions
which will be mentioned and consists of two arches
having each span Of - feet, and rise Of feet.
The supporting pier between the arches has thick
ness of 81 feet and with the abutnen:s rises ii feet
above the foundation and feet above low water IN the
creek The wings of the aqucduct are square, and are
relic we'd The ends and by cut stone p'lastrrs
reaching from the foundation Ia the coping The ring
stones the water table the ends Of the per and abui-
ncns and the coping also Of cat work. With he
exception Of few stone, the transportation OF the cut
stone was for distance OF II miles By water. The
waterway is u feet wide at the surface, the SIDES OF
the trunk being neatly hammer dressed The whole
anueduct is based on rock foundation, and the whole
is lad in hydraulic cement.
Immediately above and below the aqueduct the ca
nal is protected from the r:vcr by vertical wall lv
wards long and l0a feet high,
OF the , culverts on this level one has span OF :"
feet and the other of feet.
For the last mile Of this level The canal bank is
struced to answer the purposes OF guard-oank,
by raising it gradually from the height of feet above
the bottom. Of the canal, as 10 reach height q !
feet above the bottom, at the point OF ITS connection
with the dam. Near the dam the canal IS also pre-
tcced By 800 yards ofrprap wall averaging IL feet IN
height, and BY vertical wall 200 yards long and feet
high.
The dam across the river placed at the head Of Jo
shas Falls and founded upon rock about foot below
the level of low water its height is l23 feet and its
length between the abutmcns 53o feet. It's constuc-
ton all its parts is similar to that at Iye river which
has already been described The river lock for the ac
commodaton of the trade of the river is placed IN the
abument of the south end of the dam. The guardlock
is built ofwood and stone the plan Of the wood locks
generally on the line This lock is not provided, Ike
the lock on I've river with separate FEEDER but Is fur
nished with additional paddles in the gates, in order
to feed the canal at the periods othg water in the RI
YER For the protection Of boats entering the canal a
pier head 80 feet in length and walled all around rams
up from the abumcnt at suitable angle into the
pond.
The refl,cnt water from the dam forms slack water
navigation for the distance Of II miles up 10 towing
path bridge across the pond, by means OF which the
level is conveyed from the North to the South side OF
the river The towing path which begins at the guard
lock and ends at the bridge commences ~ feet above
the top of the dam at the lock and rises gradually to is
feet being protected throughout its whole extent by
riprap wall ; feet high from the bottom. There are
4 square drains passing across the tow-path.
The towiEg-path bridge the river IL $50 feet
lone between the abutmcnts, and is supported by
trestlcs resting upon many piers, with intervals be-
tween the trcstlcs of 40 feet each. These piers are
formed OF cribs 30 feet long and feet wide filled with
loose stone, and are founded upon rock and rise to
within ! foot olthe water line Of the pond
Upon these cribs the trestles raised, formed OF
,.,,,i, sltn nj p1rh MIA
These restics support the o;sts of the noring which
is feet wide in the clear The upper side furnished
with a railing 81 feet high, which is kept in position
by heart pine knees bracng each upright Of the railing
and extending two of the jolsts On the inner
side of this railing about feet from the floor extends
groove of timber the Whole length of the bridge in
which shcavc will ROLL arranged in such manner that
the boat and the power may be attached to render
j. safe for the horses the pond in any stage of
the water.
The abutmcnts have each height of 90 feet that
on the South side of the river being connected by n
curved wall to the tail of the lower Of the combined
locks situated al the Southern extremity OF the bridge
The lower of these two locks which is based upon
rock built of wood and stone and has chamber 100
feet in length with the sheetng placed IN vertical po
sition Al the end of the lock Inc lower side pro-
lection wall is raised crib work to the height OF 10
feet and extends 10 feet in the river in the direction OF
the lock.
Through these combined locks, being No. 46 and a.,
having an united lift of l6A feet we obtain the forty
sirh level situated the south side of the river AT
the of this level and djacent to the
upper lock basin 300 feet long and l23 feet wide has
been constructed for the descending boats to he m,
should there be danger in crossing the rvcra at periods
Of extraordinary floods. This level is Off mile and
Ia yards long; the average depth of cutting beng q
10 feet through clay.
The only works OF art on the level are two small cu
verts having each span ol j feet.
Lock No. A. at the end of the forty-sixh level was
constructed of stone transported two miles from quar-
nv at The mouth of Archcr's creek. BY this lock we
rise eight feet to the foryscrenh level, which has
length of mile wanting 20 feet. The average depth
Of cutng 4one-tenth feet and the excavation was
through easy alluval soil On this level there are two
farm bridges and rprap wall 200 yards long averag
ing ID feet high
At lock No 40 we rise again feet 10 the torty.etgM
level. The length of this level is one mile and 424
wards, and the average cutting with the exception
of a cliff between Archcrs creek and Beaver creek
was 81 feet through aluval soil The line OF canal
around this cliff is :}3l yards long: and is protected
by vertical wall l6 feet high joined at us lower