davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1840-09-25
Remarks on the General Principles Or
lHusbaudry.

/. Whatever may be the nature OF
your SOIL and the situation of Your farm;
remember, that there is no soil so good
but it may be exhausted and ruined by
bad tillage, and there is none so bad. that
cannot be rendered fertile BY good ,illagc;
even barren heath, if ii can be plowed
and swardcd
=. The true art OF husbandry consists
IN suffering no crop TO grow upon your,
land, that will so far exhaust YOUR
soll, as to lessen the value OF Your sue,
ceedlng crop. whatever profit such crop
may afford you
3. To avoid this, suffer no one crop
TO grow two years successfully, upon the
same piece OF ground, excepting grass,
and buckWheat, without the fertilizine
aid oirlch mnnar9s to support The strength
OF the soil and even then, a change Of
crops will generally do best excepting
onions. carrots, and hemp.
4. Every plant derives from the earth
Tor It's growth, such properties as are pc
cular 10 itself; this plant, when followed
successfully for two or more wears upon
the same ground, will exhaust the soil Of
those properties peculiar to itself, without
lessenlng It's powers 10 produce some
other plants. The fact is almost striking
in the article of flax, which will not bear
to be repeated oftener than once in seven
years. and IS common TO all crops, with
the exception of those noticed above.
5. To avoid this evil, arrange Your
farm into such divisions as will enable
YOU to improve all the variety Of crops
your land may require, in su.h regular
succession, as TO form routine Of five.
SIX, or seven years, according to the ma
ure, quality and situation of your farm.
6. This method will make poor land
good, and good land better. Try and
see.-farmer'S Cabinet.
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1840-09-25
WASHINGTON, August 30, 1910.

WASHINGTON, August 30, 1910.
GENTLEMAN l informed you, upon the
receipt of your letter, propounding to me
several questions, that would reply to
them in full season 70, the object you had
in view. lnow proceed to do so.
Your first question seeks information
as to the course would pursue, if elect,
ed, in regard to bill abolishing slavery
in the District of Columbia.
My views upon this subject have been
repeatedly given to the public, and more
particularly in letter addressed by me
but short time before the date of your
communication, to committee at Louis
vile, Kentucky. I send you copy of
that letter, in which you will find a full
answer to your question.
You next ask me, "whe,her approve
of pre-emption laws ~
There are not many subjects, within
the scope of Federal legislation, of greater
importance, or which have regarded
with greater solicitude, than that to which
this question refers. 1t deserves to be so
considered, as well on account of the in
terest which all the states have in wise
aad equitable disposition of the public
lands, as of the bearing which this parli-
cular branch Of the general question has
upon the prosperity of the states in which
the lands situated, and, especially, upon
the individual welfare of a large portion
of our fellow citizens in every part of the
Union. My views in regard to the pro-
per disposition of the public lands were
asked by portion of my fellow citizens
Of New York, as far back as 1895, imme.
distely after my nomination for the presi-
dency. They were then given in the fol-
lowing terms 81 regard the public do
main as trust fund, belonging to all the
states, to be disposed Of for their common
benefit. Ample authority is, for that pur-
pose, conferred upon Congress by an ex-
press provision Of the constitution. In
making such disposition, that body should,
in my opinion, act upon the principle,
that the people Of the United States have
$50 . u A.. - .
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1840-09-25
NUMBER 10.
nowncd sagacliy of the dogs of ST. Bcr-
nard

A CHILD Is man in a small letter, yet
the best copy of Adam before he tasted
the apple; and he is happy whose small
practice in the world can only write his
character. He is natures fresh picture
newly drawn in oil, which time and
much handling dims and defaces. His
soul is yeta white paper unscrbbled with
observations of the world, wherewith, at
length, it becomes a blurred notebook:
He is purely happy, because he knows
no evil, nor hath made means BY sin to be
acquainted with misery. He arrives not
at the mischief of being wise, nor endures
the evils to come by foresceing them. He
kisses and loves all; and, when the smart
of the rod is past, smiles on his beater.
Nature and his parents alike dandle him,
and tice him on with a bait of sugar to
draft of NORWOOD. He plays yet, like
a young prentice the first day, and is not
come to his task of melancholy. All the
language he speaks yet is tears, and they
serve him well enough to express his ne
cessity His hardest labor is his tongue,
as if he were loath to use so deceitful an
organ and he is hes, company with it
when he can but pratlle. We laugh at his
foolish sports, but his game is our earnest;
and his drums, rattles, and hobby-horses,
but the emblems and hooking of mans
business. His father hath writ him as his
own little story, wherein he reads those
days of his life that he cannot remember;
and signs TO see what innocence he hath
outlired. The older he grows, he is d
stair lower from God, and, like his first
father, much worse in his conduct. He
is the Christians example, and the old
mana relapse; the one initiates his pure
ness, and the other falls into his simplici-
y. Could he put off his body with his
little coat, he had got eternity without a
burden, and exchanged but one heaven for
another, and then returned again for his
regiment-Bishop Earle.
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1840-09-25
Van BureM'S Letter TO
the citizens of Danvillc, His.
DANvMLE, Ill. Nav 30, 1910.

hNN'iLbcs ~ ~c1 AofV.
SIR: You are now before the people of
the United States for reelection. We
claim it as the privilege of citizens, to pro-
pose for your consideration and answer
the following interrogatorics:
lst. If reelected, should bill pass
Congress abolshing slavery in the District
of Columbia, would you oppose the law (!
I'd. Do you approve of pre-emption
laws!
Sd. Did you, or not, as member of
the "Convention of Amendments, for
amending the Constitution of the state of
New York." vote against proposition
"to restrict the right of voting to white ci-
tizcns ~
4th. Did you, or not, vote in the same
convention to allow negroes who were
worth two hundred and fifty dollars, the
right of voting!
5th. Did you, or not, advocate in the
same convention a property qualification
as necessary for all electors
Otits Dlu Nous VI INV III tIlC SuiiC COIt-
vention, propose and advocate the princi-
pie Of justices being appointed by the 60
vernOrs!
7th. Have you examined "Holland's
Life of Van Buren," of date 1895, and if
so, is it faithful and true hosiery of your
political opinions.
Respectfully,
Your obedient humble servants,
W. FITHIAN,
GEORGE MAY,
MICHAEL CLINE,
WIN. McKIBBER,
WILLIAM WRIGHT,
JAMES FARMER,
J. G. ALEXANDER,
MILTON LESLEY,
ADAM SILLAVENT,
ID. ii. REED,
WIN. J. MOORE,
SAM'L. PARTLOW.
nj. VAN buren,, President U. S.
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1840-09-25
scrc w,cl,. or ,.p,,, !, ,v.,,...

Rub white lead in swee, oil until
good paint is made, and apply coating
of tins to the injured place. Milk will
do, where the oil is not to be had. Il is
ono OF the effective applications. For
the same difficulty some use solution Of
vliriol, for a wash. but in mos, cases the
white lead is to We preferred.
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1840-09-25
Azure for M.caa or serc Ey,..

One OF the best and easiest applications
for weak eyes, is to take small piece Of
coperas, white is the best OF the sire Of
pen, and dissolve it in two ounce vial
of soft water. When clear. this may ba
used for bathing the eyes, and with the
hest effects.
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1840-09-25

The N. Q. Picayune says, sthcrc ara
four things that look very awkward il :
woman, viz: TO see her undertake -
wllsllc, 10 throw n Ammo NJ 49,
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1840-09-25
10 B Y 0 K X

Of every desert ption, executed III the ncatcst man
manner, at the usual prices.
Ottawa is the seat of justice of La Sale
county, is situated at the junction of the Fox river
with the Illinois, 200 miles, by water, from Saint
Louis and midway between Chicago and Peoria.
The population of Ottawa is about one thousand
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1840-09-25

| assure you, reJoices more sincerely
than do at this renewed evidence of the
competency of the people for the direct
management Of the most important of their
public concerns. But while am thus
gratiiied by the change, ! cannot regret
the motives by which I was actuated in
supporting the measure originally adopted.
To project the weak against the strong,
is one of the chief ends for which civil
Governments are instituted. We may
differ, for none of us are intallible, about
the means of accomplishing this cardinal
object, but shall, | trust, never do 80 as
to the principle.
The publication sent to me by Mr..
Alexander, is genuine copy of the first
edition of Professor Hollands work.
herewith return it, with the remark that
it was written without communication
with me, but contains, as far as it goes. a
substantially correct history of my polti-
cal course.
| ON Uantlpmps, rocnootc,lIx-
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1840-09-25
published WEEKLY Br
GEORGE +. WEAVER g. JOHN hlSe,
Canal Street, nearly opposite the Mansion HH'Se'
TIE II MS !:

Two dollars and fifty cents per annum' IL pau III
advance; Three dollars if not paid before the eXpi-
ration of the first six months; And three dollars
and twenty-five cents if delayed until the END OF
the year.
Advertisements inserted at 81 per square for
the .irst in ,,rtol AMI 2o cents Tor each sub
scouent insertion. a liberal discount made to
those who advertise by the year.
All communications, TO ensure attention, must
be pos, paid.
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1840-09-25
respectfully,
Your obedient servant,
Nj. VAN buren,.

To Messrs. W. Fithian, George May,
Michael Cline, William McKibber.
William knight, James Farmer, ]. c.
Alexander, Milton Lesley, Adam Silla-
vent, ID. II. Reed, William J. Moore,
and Samuel Partlow, Danvlle, Illinois.
The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841, 1840-09-25

nj. VAN buren,, President U. S.
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1840-11-19
ILLUMINATION.

A numerous meeting Of the Harrison Association
en- Monday evening, unanimously determined to
carry out their original design Of general illumi-
nation, in honor of the triumph Of tho Wing cause.
For ourselves, felt strong inclination, to dis
pense with any further manifestations Of JOY and
TO encourage by every means, that kindness and
good feeling. which is Indispensable TO the comfort
ofsvery community. We have freely yielded, how
ever, the very general wish Of the Wings Of the
town and county, and trust that the affair may be
gotten up in msnnsr worthy Of its gfea, occa-
sion. II is not a fit occasion for triumph over
our adyersaies who are our brethren and fellowcit
zens. many Of whom have pursued the honest,
though, we think, erroneous, convictions of their
judgment, but the result, 10 illustrating the beau
tifu symmetry of our republican form of govern
ment, and promising peace, prosperity and happi.
mess, to the citizens OF this blessed land.
The proceedings of the meeting and The arrange
men,s proposed by the commi,te, viii be found in
another column.
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1840-11-19
illumination.
Nls|~


At a meeting of number of citizens of the town
of Martinsburg, at the Court House, on Monday
evening, the 10th of November-THOMAS PAT
TON, appointed Chairman, and S GARARD, Sec.
rotary upon motion Of COL L. p. Hunter
Resolred, That the Pole and Arch be illumins.
ed on Wednesday evening, the 25th inst, and that
the Wing citizens generally be respec fully invited
to illuminate their houses that evening, in
memoraton of the signal triumph gained by the
supporters of free principles over the combination
of ofice-holders and foreign mercenaries.
Rssolred. That Adam Stewart, jaime. S. Brown,
,hony S Chambers, Calender B. Wibl, Jacob Van
Doren, jr., Hugh l.. McGaughy, james H. Ste
phcns, and William E. Wilcox, be Committee to
have the Pole and Arch illuminated, and of general
superintendent.
Resolved, That these proceedings be published
in the Maitinsburg Gazette.
Resolved, That the meeting do now adjourn.
THOS. PATTON, Ch'n.
S. GARARD, Sec'y.
IL The illumination will commence and close At
the ringing Of the Court House bell.
S. GARARD, See'y.
The Committee of Arrangements appointed ats
meeting Of the Wings, convened on Monday eve.
ming last. TO take into consideration the propriety o.
ILLUMINATING THE Town in commemorative Of
our late trumphs, met on the evening Of the lin
at Oden's Hotel, and after consultation, adopted the
following Resolutions
RESOLVED, That il be recomm ended TO the cill'
zens TO form in procession, under the directonoia
chief Marshal aud Assistants, and with Transporter
cies and torches, and appropriate banners TO parade
the principal streets of the town.
RESOLVED, That Col. T.. p Hunter be requested
10 act as Chief Marshal, and that John Jamson, W.
l.. Boak. William Snodgrass, Jas. Brown. Tiilotso0
Fryait. Daniel Burkhart, jacob Van Doren, =. b.
Cookus, Adam Sensker and Washington Evans Dc
appointed Assistant Marshals.
RESOLVED, That the citizens of the county be in'
vited TO attend aud join in procession.
RESOLVED, hat the Shepherdsiown Harmon"
Band and the Lafayette Band be respectfully ID
vited TO be present on the occasion. 49,
0S-lt is recommended by the committee, tns
the citizens have their lights prepared by 6o,cocA
so that, at the ringing Of the Courthouse Bell w
Illumination may be instantaneous and general y
is also requested that when the bell rings seeonu
time 90 o'clock) the lights will be extinguishe''
Alter which the committee adjourned.
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1840-11-19
Tennessee.

The Wings have achieved brilliant victory in
Tennessee, and it is peculiarly gratifying, because
It carries with 1t blasting rebuke, OF the undign-
fed ond degrading actiun Of General Jackson, in
the canvass. Alas that he who had so long been
the idol Of popular worship and applause, should
be forced into position where he must be met by
the scorn OF those who had often given him their
highest confidence.
The returns are from So counties, and give Her-
rison majority OF l0,557, the same countie, hay
ing last year given Polk Loco Foco,) majority
for Governor Of l,a7i. Wing gain IL OPS. The
remaining counties cannot vary the result much
Harrisons majority will be about twelve thousand.
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1840-11-19
Massachusetts,

Has literally swept Locofocoism from her bor-
ders. All the towns heard from but one. The
majority for Harrison and Tyler is 1897 New
Marlboro, the remaining town, gave in 1889 a Loco
foco majority Of i6. The Hon. Marcus Morton,
who after running without success upon the Loco
TOGO ticket for Governor for number Of years, wa.
last year elected by one vote in consequence Of
division among the Wings, is in the recent election
some fifteen or twenty thousand votes in the rear
o. honest join DAVIS who has been thus triumph.
antiy called to administer the government Of the
old Bay State The only Locofoco elected to Con-
sress is Mr.. Parmenter, by some or 10 votes
The Legislature is thoroughly Wing, thus securing
che election Of Senator in Congress
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1840-11-19
We find the following handsome and appropriate
remarks in the New York Signal:
THE PRESIDENT ELECT.

William Henry Harrison lie, beyond al doubt, at
this time the President Elect Of these Unted States
The doom Of Mr.. Van Buren, and his party is seal
ed The people have returned verdict against
them with an overwhelming unapimiiy; and who
can set aside the sentence which has been pTonoun-
ced
The political revolution jus, effected is undoubt-
eddy the most remarkable and important that has
ever been >omplished through the peaceful agen-
cy of the bsIIot.box. For twelve long years poll
cy has been pursued by the party in power, which
the Opposition have, with undoubed sincarity, re-
garded az hostile 10 the beat interests Of the
try and prodscve Of the long train OF financial ca
lamitles. the melancholy effects Of which we yet
feel. Two convu sive Efforts have been made with
out success 70 overthrow the dynasty, 10 which so
much mischief is asctbed. The period for third
struggle approached A desperate rally was made
All the elements of the opposition were combined
the trumpet sounded-the onset made--and
a total rout Of the Administration force is, at this
moment, the consequence.
Apart from all partizah considerations, the result
is gratifying 10 showing, that Notwithstanding the
immense support, the Prcorian assistance, which
the Federal Executive may command through his
official patronage, yet the will Of tire People will
make itself heard, and the verdict Of the People
will be summarily executed No dynasty, from M
own inherent influence and power, can long sustain
itself where the unbought and unbayobts support
OF the People is wanting.
! The election Of Harrison must inevitably produce
an entire breaking up of the old party landmarks
and boundaries. The present patty catchwords,
which have been rung in our nd nausean,, must
be exploded. II is absurdity Of language, to
speak Of any Democracy save the Democracy of
/ Numbers. Democracy, unless our Greek Lexicon
misinforms u.s. a government where the peo-
ple--ibat is. the majority Of the people--goyern
| Or course the Fernson are The real dem
ocrafs. They no longer, with propriety be cal
led British Why's We hardly think the most u
ira " I.ocofoco" w.ll so insult the country of his
birth Tor, most probably, of his adopion) TO as
sert that majority Of the people Of the uoied
States have been bought up by British gold. We
can assure Mcssrs. Blair and Kendall that We know
hundreds Of worthy who have not seen the color
of brass fsrlhing.
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1840-11-19

We continue to hear 1.-THE Commissioners in sew
eral coualies assuming to themselves the mower of
Purging the polls afer TIE election. II we under
stand the law on the subject, such proceeding $
wholly unauthorized and illegal; and we incline to
the opimon that It clearly vtates the election, il
bad votes we're polled as in Chesterfield and Isle of
Wight, with the understanding that thew were TO
be stricken from the polls altetwar1s This is a
matter OF grave and serious inquiry tor the Execu
tive and although the vote of Virginia cannot az
ieet the grand result, ii is the ess important on
that account, that egality in the conduct Of the
election, and nsurpation on the elective fanchiss.
should be corrected Permitted TO pass now unfe.
ouked, 1t may grow into precedent, and become
Ilhg.
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1840-11-19

GKs. JAcKsos.--it must be exceedingly crafty
ing to the General, to witness the entire prostraion
OF the party and principles, which Aourshed in such
pamy pride during his Administration. H. has
lived TO witness the condemnation OF his Charlatan
experiments and the ruin Of all the politicians no
have sustained them. The party which he has so
bitterly denounced as Federsliss and Abolitionis,s
have proved themselves large majority OF the
People. Gen Jackson claims to be Democrat
and to bow with implicit Difference TO the popular
sovereignty. We hope that he will learn to speak
therefore with more forbearance Of Log Cabins
Hard Cider and such mummery," and to entertain
a more just estimate of the character and services
OF General Harrison, now that they have been so
signally honored by the Democracy of Numbers.-
". Y. Courier g. Enquirer.
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1840-11-19

TIE PRoPHkT.-The Richmond Wing says
The curious antique" Of the Enquirer is crying to
divert public attention from his own false prophe.
cies, by exaggcrating those OF others. Never did
an old gentleman miss the figure more widely in
all his calculations than he has. Any man was
fool who doubted New York's voting for Van She
has voted against him by TWELVE THOUSAND
A small mistake of some 80, coo. Mary land was
certain; Georgia certain; Maine would right
herself; Pennsylvania was dead sure by 10 900 -
Ohio, too, would in all probability for Van -
Corwins majority was no test; and on as to some
10 or II States, which have gone with rush for Old
Tip. Hi, 6elievers, who have made heavy bets on
the strength Of his assurances, have to pay the pen
atty. Their eyes may be opened by the operation
His predictions are no, less glaringy fasifed in
respect TO the vote Of Virginia than in respect 10
the other States of the Union. hroughout O. Oehs
OF the State, all his estimates failed hm-and but
for the, to him, unexpected vote of two or three
counties, his 56l9 majority had been converted into
a Wing majority.
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1840-11-19

The EFFECT on BusIsEss.--The New York Ex-
press states that the established fact that Gen.
Harrison is elected the next President Of the Uni
ted States is of the mais tonic of CONVERSE
ton in all business circles and the result of it will
soon be developed upon the Commerce and Trade
Of the country /" The news is received with great
calmness, though with great congratulations Wall
street has often exhibited ten times as much exhi
aration over petty triumphs of much smaller impor-
lance. The excitement for election news is now
rapidly subsiding The grand result being known
particulars sought for, but matters Of curos-
ity. This excitement, however, has been such as
we have never seen before. In many days we have
been allowed neither sleep rest, and by even
day break, Office has often been as crowded as
at middayn
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1840-11-19
ANOTHER DREADFUL AccInrNT

The New York Times and Star says: The ".
buren, high pressure steamboat EXTRA GLosE bsv.
ing been into and disabled by the
of battle shin, OHIO, followed by the friss,s
land and new Jersey, and fleet from Nrw =,
LAND, has been laid up in ordinary at the bs.a =
Salt River. Captain Kendall can be found ON -. "
the wreck, and all persons indebted to him ~
please " step up to The Office and settle y o'I 1
.ympsthy for Captain Kendslrs misfortune. ;aJ Ut
ces to insert for him the following adyertj..suo.
free Of charge.
Come, down with your dollars, We Democrat. ,,,.
And those who do it had better send ,.o Ns
From those who poor. half dollar IlI,al..
Twill serve small sum for the pauper to r,at,
So hand out your dollar hand out your dollar
Hand out your dollar, your dollar. heigh b,
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1840-11-19
Virginia.

We have not yer returns whose accuracy can be
relied on, although all the countios are heard from.
Van Buren certainly has got the electoral vote by
majority ranging from 500 to 1000 The vote ha,
been the largest ever cast in Virginia, by many thou.
sand and the frauds upon the right of suffrage I'M
paralleled in this State Startling disclosures have
been made Of the conduct OF the Commissioners, in
many counties, but Notifying as it may be TO
Virginia Wings TO see her cast for tho advo.
cate Of negro suffrage and negro testimony they
are yet indisposed to angry contention and inves
tigation that would fan the flame of party spiiit.