Morning herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1837-1840, 1840-08-28

Correspondence of the Herald

LIVERPOOL, July %, 1870
II is very difficult to arrive at the average wages
paid operatives In this ountry. On this point find
employers more unwilling TO answer questions rnan
any other
The mechanic arts are every year exciting more
attention in England and it frequently occus that
you meet with the OF good and even noble ami
hes engaged IN large establishments, learning their
trade and the principals paid bonus for the sitUa-
ton Robert Stephenson, the extensive and irge-
NOUS manufacturer Of locomotive engines at New
Castle, charges ElOOO per for apprentic ,and
IT is said nobemen have been known to pay him this
SUM to take their sons. One day, in the works of
Messrs. Fawcett, Preston Il Co, who built the
gines OF the President, and who were engaged in
doing some work of which ! had the superinten-
dence, observed very bright apprentice lad, and
asked him to do small job for me, which he readi
ly did, when l gave him penny or two. l after
wards met him On the President, when was intro
duced to his brother, whom found to be highly
respectable gentleman of good family, living in
siderable afi!uence near Liverpool In the
Enlistment, attached to the drawing department
there is young man from Dublin who is the son Of
gentleman OF fortune And to get these chaps in
this large house requires bon from their parents
Manufacturing and mechanic arts obliged to
flourish when the rich, noble and great patro nize
and encourage them TO the extent here that is not
seen in France or any other country. And hence
one secret of Engand's greatness and power.
was introduced at Sheffield 10 Mr.. William
Stubs, whose family for several generations have
been engaged in manufacturing files And guess
Stubs files made at Warrington, Lancashire, have
been seen over all the wcrid where such article
| is used. The present Mr.. Stubs is 55 or 60, but
looks young aud healthy-has travelled extensive
ly over Elrope-spent some time in Italy-is well
educated and a polite and gentlemanly man. He is
worth over El0OCOO sterling, and is Still busiIy en-
gagged in manufacturing, ind owns extensive st, ell
works at Rotterdam and ether places. He is
gagged in making steel tires, bands, for
engine wheels, which il is said will do better than
iron, as they will last longer aud W ar better.
Mr.. Stubs says he knew Jas Watt, that he de
scended the Clyde With him and his lady, their
way to Greennock; that Mr.. Watt was very com
municative, and pointed out to him the various
points at which attempts had been made to improve
the navigation of the Clyde, he amount of capital
spent, and the causes of failure. At Greenock, he
was mistaken for Mr. Watts He has a still
living near Birmingham. At dinner party in Liv-
erpoo, sat next to fine looking Scotch gentleman,
whom / soon found out to be Robert Napier, Of
| Glasgow, the celebrated steam engine manufaatur-
er, who made the engines Of the British Queen, and
| OF Mr.. Cunards steam ships He also told me he
knew MIR Watt. He said he was at first a mathe-
NAUTICAL instrument maker, at Glasgow, and was en-
gagged by Dr. Anderson, to make an instrument for
him to make some illustration W it'll regard 10 steam
and its power, as then understood. This set Mr.
| attt's great mind to work, and the perfection of
the steam engine was the result, an Invention des-
tined to take its stand in point of utility, by the side
| of the printing press, and the mariners compass
| and immortalized the inventor.
Mr.. Siubbs resides at Warrington, in Lancashire
and says he knew the small house in Warrington,
| in which Arkwrght completed his cotton machine,
for spinning by rollers, another great invention He
was at one time barber in Warrington. Arkwrights
house stood till few years back, when tall house
opposite took fire, and Mr. Stubs in attempting to
have its walls pulled dewH TO prevent its falling
the people ii fell across the street to Arkwrgh hts
house, and knocked that down also The spot is
still pointed out.
paid a visit by railroad to the old town of Ro-
therham, one Of the most ancient looking towns /
have in England. Ii is six miles from Sheffield,
on the River Don. Ii has apopulaion Of or 10 600
people, and contains Of the most noble, aud most
perfectly preserved old Gothic churches, il has
ever been my lot to II is built entirely Of vel
low sand stone, with splendid windows, AMI lofty
ceilings, Of English oak The seats and backs OF
the seats are also Of English oak, and fronts and
ends richly, and Realistically carved. IL has
one Of the most beautifully proportioned steeples
rising to great height and taken all together, il is
one OF the most noble and best proportional gothic
buildings il has been my fortune 10 in England
Ii was said TO re built between 900 and 1000 A. d.,
aud is over 800 years old, and perfectly preserved
inside and out, except some ofts outside walls
little worn with the weather. Ii contains a large
number Of ancient tomb-s,ones. ! observed on a
slate in the aisle, old marble slab stating hat
beneath this stone was buried the boictis Of the
Duchess of Norfolk while her heart in Rome
Many OF the ancestors Of the present Duke of Nor
folk repose here. saw the pews Of the Esrls of Ef
hngham and Fitzwilliam, with their family crest
over them, against the wall They both reside on
their estates near ROTTERDAM. The latter at Went
worth House, four miles from Rotho rham, a very
beautiful place, which is now being fitted up for the
reception Of the Queen and Prince Albert, who are
expected to visit the noble Earl in the coming month
Of August. Near Rothe rbam church is seen the re-
mains ola convent which measurably destroyed
bv Henry the Eighth, Cromwell. The parts
left standing converted into dwellings, and j.
inn, called college Inn" l left Rotterdam
with regret as had not time to all desired -
At Sheffield took outside seat on the stage coach
for Manchester. We had six horses htched, with
postillon riding the front lead. who continued with
till got to the highest ascent Of hills that d.
vide the waters OF the two channels, AVID separate
Manchester end Sheffield Here he unhtched his
horses aud left US. We continued course over
barren hills. till came TO a beautiful valley, in
winch was the town Of Glossop. &C about 1000 NJ
habitants ~ miles from Manchester, and principal
" engaged in cotton spinning. From Glossop we
came TO Stsveiy Bridge, another cotton spinning
town Of 10 to 10000 people; and next miles from
Manchester, with Ashton, whose people and occu-
patton, nearly all other towns in Lancashire, is in
tall chimnios seen ascending from some cotton
mill IL is not allowed for smoke chimney in the
country to be built If less height than from $50 10
300 feet. They say when they are too low they in
jure vegetation.
The highest chimney seen in the kingdom is at
Oldham. After reaching Manchester took the
railroad TO this place, aud to-day went eight miles
into the country to the ancient Gothic Church Of
Seton, built bet 1000 and 1lOO n and of sand
stone, in good state &c preservation and, though
not large the ROTTERDAM Church IL is still very
interesting, they both have fine chime Of bells.
and have both stood the ravages aud the revolutions
Of time Cor or 900 years. The steeplc OF the one
at Rotterdam was once struck with lgh ming with
out, however, doing much damage. This az Seftop
contains the remains and tomhs Of the ancestors of
the Earl Of SETON. The most interesting objects In
this ancient Gothic church are the tombs Of two
" knights Templar;" their images are carved out
II stone, and lay horizontal slabs of stone that
we're placed II - supposed, over their graves their
feet each rest against dogs, in the lying attitude;