Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1840-05-21

ne that absence, the beet D11Ouu
be killed, cut mp. lis weight asceriained, and that
then IL should be sailed. When he returned, lio
found on adding up the Weight 81 The several quar-
tets that some mistake must have beeo made. rs the
sun was much more than il Was possible the beef
could weigh. On enqurIng inio the matter, he dis
covered ,hs, the weight belonging 10 ono pair uf
sleey ards had been used witt, another pair: fhe
stcelsa,ds used being made for 7ibs wcig whist
The weig ut used Of 5ibs impossible
ie-wegh The beef, IL had been up, and packed
away; that The only alternative left him. either
pay FOR beef which ne Ind not received, or else TO
correct the error by calculations. The person IN
question was familiar with the mechanics principles
ii Tho lever, and b, applying Them 10 the before
him, easily asceriaineh the true weight of the beth
The condition Of equilibrium In the of the lever,
is, thai Tho weight null pled into it's distance frona
the fuierum shall equal the power multiplied Into It's
distance from the fnlernm. From consideration of
this ~ inc iplc II will be seen, that the true weQhI
was five sevenlhs Of Tho weight given by the 5lbs.
weight.
Another ease, illustrating this same point. has
come 10 my knowledge vimn few months. A
farmer undertook In have a forcing pump constitute
ted 10 raise water fom spfipg ina valley TO his
house. situated on hill the pumpto be worked by
wntet power. When every hing WIS completed, Oh
attempting 10 mike the pnmp work, he found that
his power was Insufficient To remedy this evil, he
bad The whole laken 10 pieces. aud every thing cou-
srueed anew and ON snae, scale. excepting tho Z
water powei maehinrry. ilnd he been familiar with
The principles of lyjtosatits. he would have known
that the same object might have been accomplished
by 81 ply replacing the piston of his pump, and of
course the pan the loe ~ which il worked, will,
Que ofsmallcr dimensions; whilst the remaining 200
feet oi ppe tor there about that length Of pipe
between the pump and his housed nigh have temsin-
ed the same and IN hc the larger Pipe would have
answ e,ed better lhan the smaller with which IL
was replaced, since The ,iepn ofthe moving column
OF water would have been diminished BY The utter
posluoo Of stratum oil nuid be,ween IL aud The sides
OF the pipe. Precisely such eases as these may not
L.. a A.
unless his lie to very da' rent from that OF most
men, many cases will occur. in which knowledge Of
Mechanics will be equally useful aud on this ac-
count he should II possible, render himself familiar
with tUse principles. 50
hhl, study, which should be embraced in Il
course OF Agricultural educ ation. Is that OF the
more SIMPLE Mathematics, including arithmetic, III
Zebra, Geometry Tugoaometry and ,Sarreyine.-
Ono reason why these shnuld be studied. is, that
without knowledge of them, il Is impossible to
Chemairy with any pleasure TO much advantage.
Anolher, and the principal reason IS that they adj
mi Of an Immediate and PRACTICAL applicalioGio tho
business # agriculture. Aud hero let ne mention
IN PARTICULAR q thorough knowledge Of the theory
add use afnunbefs. II tanner would know how
his business is progressing, he must keep accounts
and make many calculations. The following re-
marks of Mt Hawkins. published In the British
Qua'terly journal Of Agriculture, and copied in
The Farmtrs Register Tor Oe. 1924. place this
matter in us proper ghr. "1n business embracing
many particulars agriculture, II in essential to
he able 10 distinguish the profit and loss upon each.
Nnthpe is more easy OF mare common, Than for
rnno who Keeps accounls,to continue for series
of yeats to lose money on some particular Depart
meat without knowing 1t; which IS almost as bad,
10 cmnloy his lime aud capital in loss profitabls
sprcuai,ops, when he might have applied them TO
such as were more farmer grows many kinds
of crops aud keeps several species OF animals--
breeding some aud bay ing oihers-Dnd uses many !
Linds Of manure. Assuming that he has n general
profit of 10 per at The end Of the ycnr. how
is lac TO tell whether all the branches Of his busi-
ness have conflbned r,irany TO this result. un-
less lie keeps accounts The cost ofone acre Of 2
corn for example, compounded OF rent tithes, tax
as the cost Of seed and iage, horses keep and
mans keep, rates for the poor, The chnich and tho
hghways;--and 50 with every oiher crop. Supposs
now thai in the OF his crop, all the items Of
expenditure accurately set dawn shall amount 10
G5 los per acre, aud that The crop shall sell for
c5 los. Upon 40 acres, here would be loss Of
.cIO u year; but without setting down Il e several
items which compose the cost, and adding them tos
peiher how is n man 10 tell within IS. how much HE
acre Of corn cosi him lie may know that II
cos, him about CO G6, bun in this very about. lies
he essence Of The mischief. II The selling price
were c. los. the former supppsiion would give a
81 iii and the latter loss Oh eco year;--and thus
a y man may, and many en- do. eontnac TO the
end oil iher lives, carrying on branches oi business
by winch they lose money uncousciousy. It's ny
iewsiilngs per acre, gained here and saved there
that farmer makes ms pfuHts. III 10 no eAaggcIa-
ted estimate 10 suppose that these petty Items may
often IN Ike difference Of 10 per cent. The years
end; aud that may make y living on tho
sau,e farm where anolber would til" Thnsn re-
uiaks will apply all ller nnuiie, 10 the. bn-
sncss Of agriculture in this counlrs; butzin their
general principles, they apply alike to he agrieuI-
ture Of every couni,y; a1dhfy set beiorc US. lntts
true light the lmpouanceoi aiAniliar aeqnaintancu
with figures, 10 the tanner. Many other illustrations
nls hl be gwen but IT deemed unnecessary for II
/ fiauf
The attention eau be arrested consetion produced
bat by woll-selected winch may pfopSr-
+, he taken as illustrations of the ml9le. 4a5a.
Besides the studies already menione, lwonld
be deslable for the llrmer 10 aeqnne, II passible,
some knowledge OF Entomology, Physics, MeieD
lolgy, and Comparative Anatomy these sindfs
are II is true, comparatively uuimpoflapl; and yet
few remarks lhelr uatn e may moi be inapriapr-
ale in this essay. Entomology is that science
which ats Of The structure and habits OF iDsecis--
The lner often suffers .reat inilry from The de-
predatous Of ilsrcfs, and ceitan way OF protects
ipg himself 40 ansl Them can be discovered UNLESS
! IL be by ACADEMY without hfsi becnming aeqnalptea
With their nature aud habits. The mislskes 10
which persons ate liable, from the want Of such in
frmaion. are ell illustrated ia lie following ex-
Iract from y Tfsst.se on Entomology by Alessrs.
! kltby aud Spenct. "In Germaay.lhe gard sners anu
country people, with great indHsry. gaher whoos
baskets.tuu OF destructive eabbag NTH. and Then
bury tbem which is Just as wise c9.ise - IN at
tempt Ia klll crab by covering IL with waisrs Tor
m1ny of them ben! fully grown, and ready 70 pass
/ INTO eir next state, which they do under the
ground, instead &C destroy ns ,sa.by this nannu.
we, their appearance ain the ioiiosing year ~