The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1840-12-22
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ized hv Inw and which Congress deemed sufficient
for the defence oi the country and me pfo'er'""
of TIA riqhls and it's honor if It's civil aud d'P'"'
,rn,ic srryivr Ina. been equally sustained it am
ple provision has been unde Tor me aum'h'sI".""
ori,is,ce aud Tie execution OF me laMs' u ue
c,s;,us mon hubble gratitude in behalf OF the sol
d;ers of rLe Revolution have been promptly met
and faithfully discharged ; ii there have been u"
failures in drfiuyin the very large expenditures
growing ont Of that long continued and sa'utt'y
nnliy Of peaceiully removing lh5 Indians 10 re-
nin, = orcnmparatiyp safety and prosperity If the
public faith hns AT ali times and every where pcth
most scrupu iuusly mainaihe" by prompt n'S
charge Tie numerous, extended, ana oiN',S'n'u
cni,ns on the treasury /; il all these great and per
manent objects, with many Others inat h'Sht :"
stated hi,Ie, for series of years, marked hy pecn
liar Obstacles md difficulties, been successfully nc
rolupIisIrd " illoul resort 10 permanent debtor
lhe mid of II national bank have W" not II Ilghi
Ia .xrect that a policy, the object of which has
0rciI To sustain the public service independently o
of either of these iru,i'%s> s"nnccs "i uc"rd' W."
receive the final sanction of the people whose I'M
biased aud fairly elected Judgement upon ruoi'c
afimls il never ultimately wong
Tia, euliarassmenis in The pecuniary concerns
Of individuals, u unnxunpIed extent and duration,
have recently existed III lhis as III other c"lhef'
cial nations, is undoubtedly true To suppose II
necessary now trace these reverscs I" their SOUR.
cess ,vunld he "A rtn"cluc on The Intelligence "tmy
fellow citizens. What ever mHy have been HE
obscuritv in hicl TIA" sub, ct involved during
the earlier Stages Of the Revision, there cannot
now lac innny hy whom the whole question is not
fully understood.
No, dermng it wi,hiu The constitutional powers
of The General Government 10 repair private
losses sustained By reNcrses IN business hhV.
ing-un co-uectinn with the public service, either
by direct appropriations from the Treasury, or by
special legislation designed Ia secure exclusive
privileges AID mpunes To individuals and classes
in preference TO, and ut the expense O the great
MINORITY necessarily declared from any parIiclpa-
ton in them, attempt /" do :" las been either
made recommended, or encouraged, ny The pres
ent Executive.
It is believed, however. that the great purposes
for the attainment uf which the Federal Govern.
mcnt instituted have not been lost sight Of
III trusted uul Y with cCrinn 'IWIIrd powers. eau
tinuS enumerated ,irstinclly specified, and defined,
with precision aud cleafnrSs which would seem
defy mscon-truclIun, it has been my constant
ann contina self within the limits clearly
marked "ur, and carefully guarded. Having
always urnn of opinion that the best preservaIi>c
of the union of the States is to he f,und in total
abstinence from the exercise of ali doubtful pow.
the part of The Federal Government, ra;hel
than in attempts To assume them by loose Goa.
sirnctiUn of the constitution, or ingenious per.
version of It's words. | have Gndeavortd To avoid
recommending nny measure which had reason To
upprrhcnd wouid in the opinion Of
siderab" minority ofmy fellow citizens, be regar
Died as rrnchiug on tile rights OF the Sates or the
provisions of the hall"wcd Instrument nf lie Un
ion. Viewing the arg egnte powersinf The Federal
Gorernmt mt rs voluntary concession of The States,
it seemed 10 ME tbet such only should be cxerc-
sed as Were al the 1me Intended To be gwen.
L nave DCen strengthened, too, IN lhC proprletv
Of hs course, by the conviction that all efforts IL
80 h"yond his, tend only Ia produce dissatisf1c.
lion aud disirust-o excite jeal"usies aud to pro.
yoke resistance. Instead Of adding strength To the
Federa Governments, even when successful, they
must ever prove IL source of ncurabIe weakness,
NV alternating portion of those whose adhesion is
indispensable I" the great aggregate Of united
sneugih and whose Voluntary attachment is in
my estimation, lar essential the efficiency
of government strong ia the best of all possible
s'ron@th-'he confidence aud attachment of all
those who make up IT. constituent elements
Thus believing, it has been my purpose to Sc |
cnre 10 the whole .r'upe, and TO every member Of
the c"n'"derH"y. by general, salu,ary, and equal
laws alone, lhe benefit Of those republican insiiiu.
tons which it was the end aud aim of the conslItu
lion +" establish, and the impartial influence of
which, is in my Judgement indispensable their
preservation | cannot bring myself to believe
that the lasting happiness of The people, he pros
reriiy fine StaIes, or The pernanency of their
Uni"n, can ho maintained by giving preference or
priority 10 any class Of cl'izens, in the distribution
II benefits or privileges, on by the adoption Of
measures which Cnreih ono portion of the Union at
he expense of another !; nor can | see in the in
difference Of The Federal Government with the 10.
al legislation aud reserved rights Of The States IA
emedy for present "or q seCuriIy against future
augrrs.
The first. and assurcdy not tho least important
top towards relieving the conntry from the con
Luton into which il has been plunged hy excess
n trade, banking. aud credit of all kinds, was To-
place the business transactions of the government
tsel on "A soils! basis; giving and receiving in an
|
nor encouraging in others that driIs,ve system Of
'reditS from which it has been difficult 10 es. |
cape, aud which has lett nothing behind il but the
wrecks 'hut mark its ftrai cnrcer.
That The financial affairs Of The government are
now, and have been during the whole period Of
lhese wide spreading dfft ullles. conducted with
slr"k and invnridhe regard to tins great iundanen
tai principle. and that ny ihe unp,lon and main
dinance of the siaud thus taken ON HE vsryli,resh
hold Of The approaching crisis, more than by any
other canse ar cnuSrs whatever, the community u,
arge has been shielded Il ON the incalcuabie evils
If genera and Indefinite Suspension of specie
payments, and II consequent annlhiin,ion, for tue
whole PEI tud it might have lasted, of inst and in.
variable standard of value, will it is believed at
this period, scarcely he questioned
A steady adherence, on the part % the Govern.
nent, 10 the policy which has produced such salu.
AIRY results, aided by JudiciousStare Legislation and
what is nntlcss Important by the industry aud enter
prise, perseverance, and economy OF The American
People, cannoi fail 10 raise the whole country a,
mn early period, tn state of solid and enduring
prosperity, not subject I" be again ov"rthrnwn by
he SUSPENSION of banks the explosion ola hIoa,.
ni credit system IL IL for the people and their
10 decide whuii err or not tho per.
nanent welfare of the country (Which ell good
citizens equally desire, however widely they may
4 ffer as 10 the means of its accomplishment sn
DE- IN this waysecured; whether he mana re ent
II he pecuniary concerns of the Gnvernment-&
III ,,,I, l;.,;.i