davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ohio Democrat and Dover advertiser. [volume] (Canal Dover, Ohio) 1839-1840, 1840-05-22

testify to their extraordinary efficacy. To mar
rled females, whose expectations yi the tdnd,I-
est pledges Of connubial happiness have bren
defeated, these Pills may be truly esteemed
ollssiul boon. They SOON TenONaie all ihuo
Ionai debility, and If taken, according to direc-
lions. ooVlate all morbid action. A medium thus
safe aud eihcaclOus, will be lound in ..
Dr. EOOde's Celebrates Female Pills.
ihese Ftls are Of two kinds namely No. ],
or Laxative Pills, and No. 2, Restorative Pills.
They are for all the following diseases: Sup.
preston, lrregularity or Retention of the Men.
ses, Fluor Albus, ChluroAis or Green Sickness.
Costiveness. Gravel, Incontinence of Trims.
Nervous Affections, Mysteries, Prolapsos UteriI
or falling of the Womb, aud Piles. these Pills
are also particularly adapted to the male as we'll
az the female sex, Tor the cure of the following
diseases: Nervous Diseases Liver Complaint.
Dyspepsia, Bilious Diseases, and all cases OF kIys
pochondriacisn, Low Spirits. Palpitation of the
Heart, Nervous Irritabilty. Nervous Weakness,
Indigestion, Loss of fAppetite, Heartburn, Gem
eral Debility, Bodily Weakness. or Flaluency,
Headaches, Nightmare, Rheumatism, Asthma,
Tic Douomeux, Cramp, SpasmodIc Affections,
and those who are victims TO that most exs
crrciating disorder GOut; also, Pains in the
Side, Chest, Limbs, Head, Stomach or Back,
Dimness or Confusion OF Sight, Alternate flush.
es ci Heat and Chilliness, 1remors. Watchings
Agitation Anxiety, bad Dreams and Spasms.
This Medicine is acknowledged to be one Of
the most valuable ever discovered, as purifier
of the blood and fluids. 1t rs superior to Sar-
saparilla, whether as a sudori6c or alternative.
Directions for use.--Pills No. must be taken
from three to six, ur more, at bed time, sufi-
cient tn operate briskIy, I'LL the desired object is
effected, Take No.2 according to the directions
as on the box.
In all cases, both kinds of the pills are 10 be
used at the same time, IN the following manner.
Take three pills or more ofNo. !, every night
on going to bed, increasing the number, if they
do rot open the bowels also, take three of the
pills No. MALTA hour before each meal, three
times daily.
Z Sold at 100 Chatham street. N. Y.
And by one respectable person iu every town
Gu the Union.
GENTS.
NJ. c. Younglow. Cleavland.
J. A. Beebe Akron.
A: Underhi, MassIlon.
- Montiredy a. MCLEAN, Dover.
J. Overhoh N. Philadelphia.
tU'ln order to protect the public against the
IMPOSITION of Counterfeit Medicine Venders,
hey have been entered according to act Of Con.
gress, and the right 20 prepare them secured
therefore he sure in seeing that the label on each
box expresses such entry, as all others are Coun.
terfeits,
The Ohio Democrat and Dover advertiser. [volume] (Canal Dover, Ohio) 1839-1840, 1840-05-22
DIR VIM. EVANS
MEDICAL CONSULTATION
OFFICE rr
OFFICE.

100 CHATHAM STREE I, NV YORK,
UDr. Evans Office for Medical consulta-
ton and advice, 100 Chatham street, N. Y
Daily attendance is given for personal consul
tatiOn. Immediate answers are returned to
county letters, which must uinutely describe
the case, and contain remittance for advice and
medicine, which can he forwarded to any part
of the world, however distant No difficulty
can occur as the medicine will be securely packs!
ed, and letters Ofadvice carefully protected from
observation. 90
The Ohio Democrat and Dover advertiser. [volume] (Canal Dover, Ohio) 1839-1840, 1840-05-22

and some from apprehension, conceal
their religion, will be mos, eager 10 a.
veW it'when their nation takes rank a.
mong the governments OF the earth.
IN. VI. 4NOdk,
The Ohio Democrat and Dover advertiser. [volume] (Canal Dover, Ohio) 1839-1840, 1840-05-22
CoNRAD GENTSCK,

OQNR AD GENESC2,
EE ESPECTFULLY Y .iuformsthe cit
NU izeos of New Philadelphia, that
he carries on the above Business IN all
oI It's various branches, and as he Keeps
none other than his own mt nEflclure,
he can confidently recommend his work
to all who may favor him with their Gus.
tom.
Particular attention will be given to
The manufac ure Of Gen,lemen's
FINE BOOTS,
as this work will be done by one Of the
best Boo'men In the country. ALSO
Ladies' Work by Measure.
A general assortment of BOOTS &
SHOES (of his own make) constantly
on hand.
The Public are respectfully invited i'
give him call before. purchasing else
where.
aESO
Groceries, such as Wine, Beer and ci-
der. and Liquer by the quart iapd gal
,ou,
NV Philadelphia, Aug.''16,'ls39
The Ohio Democrat and Dover advertiser. [volume] (Canal Dover, Ohio) 1839-1840, 1840-05-22
CERTIFICATES.

GJLetter from the Hon. Abraham M'Clel
Ian, Sullivan County, East Tennessee, Sleu-
ber of Congress.
WAsHrNeToN, July 3D., 1888.
Sir Since have been in this city, have
used some ofyour Dyspeptic medicine with in
finite benefit and satisfaction, and belleveit to
be most valuable remedy. One ofmy con.
stiiucnts, Dr.. A. Garden, ofCampbell county,
Tennessee, wrote me TO send him some, which
Idid, and>he had employed livery successfully
in his practice, and says it is invaluable. Mr..
johnson, your agent at'this place, thinks you
would probably like al agent in Tennessee. If
SO, would recommend DR.. a. Garden as
proper person to ofIiciae for the sale of your
celebrated medicine. Should you commission
him, he is willing to act for you. You can send
the medicine by water 10 the care of Robert
King s. Sons, Knoxville county, Tennessee,
or by land to Graham & Houston Tazewelf,
East Tenn. have no doubt but ifyou had
gents in several couAes in East Tennessee, a
great deal Of your medicine wonid be sold.
am going TO take some of it home with me for
my own use, and that Of my friends, and should
like to hear from you whether you would like
an agent at Bluntvie, Sullivan county East
Tenn. can get some of the merchants TO act
for you, as live near there.
ABRAHAM MCCLELLAN, Of Tenn.
To Dr.. VIM. Evans, 700 Chatham st. N. Y.
The Ohio Democrat and Dover advertiser. [volume] (Canal Dover, Ohio) 1839-1840, 1840-05-22
FASHIONABLE TAILORING.

UoLr II W. NEWbUKNH, would res
- spectfulIy inform his old friends and
The public in general, that he carries on
the above business in all It's various
branches. one door Eas, of J. !. Smiths,
Store, where he may at all times be
fonnd TO attend 10 all work intrustsd to
him. lis 6atiers himself il will be
done as durable, neat and fashionable,
The Ohio Democrat and Dover advertiser. [volume] (Canal Dover, Ohio) 1839-1840, 1840-05-22

designs are selected with view of Interesting
the general reader, and enhancing the vaiue OF
the work, for its superior pictorial embelislI>
ments. II is with pude the proprietor annIun-
ces that the Ladies' Companion is lhe only mag
azine published, in which New and ElegaGi steel
Plates appear Regularly. plIose accompanying
other monthly periodicals., are generally first
worn oui 10 annuals. '.t FHt. .-
In addition to the engravings above.
ed, correct plate oilhe
QARTERLY FASHIONS FOR LADIES,
will appear in the'June, September, December,
and March Numbers, independent of the usual
establishment. II is the determination of The
proprietor, that these Fashion Plates shall ap-
pear IN style Hitherto unknewn.
IFS LITERARY CHARACTER.
will undergo no change. us itwifremain under
the charge of the same Editors as heretofore.
Articles from the pens ofthe most distinguished
writers, will appear in the forthcoming numbers
among which may be enumerated the following:
Mrs. Holland, Emma-C. EmLnry. Lydia II,
Sisourney. Frances 5. Osgood, Mrs. Ellel, Mrs
Caroline Orue, Seba Smith, Jane E, Locke,
Henry F. harrington. Ann s. Stephens Miss
Hannah F Could, NJ A Browne, Charlotte
Cusiman, NJ Emily Jackson, Henry w Her.
herr, 'au;hUr Of Cromwell &c. Pro. ]. H.
lnsrallanl. author of Burton Captain Kid
&c. PRO. II w LongGelow author of''Ontre
AIef' WE Burton, Chief Justice Mellon. J.
Neal, Park Benjamin. GrenvIle Mellen, N c
Brooks a Al George P. Morris, R. Hamilton,
| C Pray. w Cumstuck, n B Dennis. RevJ
H Cinch, y. Books, A Pike. FA Durivage,
Ii F harrington.
ITngelherwith several others, with whom ne
gociations are1Pending. Frhey will hereafter be
The Ohio Democrat and Dover advertiser. [volume] (Canal Dover, Ohio) 1839-1840, 1840-05-22

TIE FOLLOWING CERTIFICATE was
handedIto.. ua by Mr.. Van ScIeick, Albany, a
alghly respectable member Of the community,
nd whose veracity cannot be doubted:
Mr.. Septealius Kendall. of the town Of Wes-
terloo, county of Albany, was for about 81
years troubled with anervuus and bilious affec-
ton, which for years rendered him unable to
attend TO his business, and during the lasl three
years of his illness WIS confined to the house'
His symptoms were dizziness, pain in The head
and side, palptation Of the heart, went farpe.
tite &c. After expending Lurug his ccnfine
ment, nearly three hundred dol'srs wilhrut OBJ
tanning any permanent relief he by urcidenr
notrced an advertisement OF d.. w. Evans,
Camomile and Aperient Pills, and was conse,
guently induced 10 make trial Of them. Aln.
using them about u fortnight, he was abe I,
walk out; in four monll,s he could attend /,
business, and considered his disease entire,
removed. The above information was given /,
The subscriber by Mr. Kendall himself there
can, therefore he no deception.
STEPHEN VAN SGHAICK.
The Ohio Democrat and Dover advertiser. [volume] (Canal Dover, Ohio) 1839-1840, 1840-05-22

T Another osry secere Of hgfammatory Rhlu.
matism cmcd by DR.. VIM. Exams Medicine.-
Mr.. John A. Carroll, Of the county of West
chester, town of North Castle, New York, had
been severely afflicted with infammaory rheu>
matisln.ior fourteen months with violent pains
in his limbs, great heat, excessive thirst, dry.
uess of skin, limbs much swollen, was not able
without assistance TO turn in he'd for six weeks.
Had tried various remedies TO no effect. Was
ADVISED by fiend of his to procure some ol
DR.. W.!Evans' medicine of 100 Chathem street,
New York, which he Immediately sent (or and
after taking the first dose found great relief,
and in continuing its use according to the direc,
tions for ten days, was perfectly cured. Allow
ME TO refer any person to him for the truth, of
the abuve statement
Or. VIM. Evans Medical Office 100 Cha
ham street, New York where the Doctor may
be consulted, and his medicine procured.
The Ohio Democrat and Dover advertiser. [volume] (Canal Dover, Ohio) 1839-1840, 1840-05-22
MRS. ANN S. STEPNENS,2
<WILLINM w. SNOWDEN. Editors.
sHENRY F. HARRINGT0F.

THE MUSICAL DEPARTMENT.
or the Ladies' Companion has ever command
ed large share Of attention, aud has been look
ed upon with no lille interest wv ts readers,
and more especially the Ladies', whom the pub
fisher is anxious to please. 1t will continue 10
he subject of more than usual care to him, and
to The Professor under whose Supervision it is
placed, 10 make that portion of the magazine de
serving OF the Countenance Of every lover Of
mHsic.
THE WORK IN GENERAL.
OTar every department and equally careful
supervision will he strictly exercised by the Ed
ilors, and all appropriate expenditures will be
literally bestowed, as it is the des gn Of the pub
Usher. with the aid of ha contributors and the
advice Of his friends to make the Ladies Com
panion distinguished for The beauty and accura.
cy of ITS ;ypography-the variety and high tone
of its literary articles - the quality and value OF
its music and the uneQIalled splendor of IFS
Pictorial embellishments, and the accuracy ofits
Quarterly Fashions.
Terms-Three DoIIarsa year, IN ADVANCE
GJOr -Four dollars during the year. erDl
No subscription received for less then one year.
l.ctters,m he post paid. otherwise the 2os-
lage is deducted, and credit given only for the
balance.
Address, WILLIAM w. SNOWDEN
l09 Fulton Street, New-York'
The Ohio Democrat and Dover advertiser. [volume] (Canal Dover, Ohio) 1839-1840, 1840-05-22

ABRAHAM J. CREMER, residing, att &C
Mott street, New York, was afflicted with Dys.
pepsia iu'ils most aggravated form. The. symp>
toms were violent headache, great debility, fe.
yer, 'costiveness. cough, heartburn, pain in the
chest and STOMACH always after eating. impaired
appetite, sensation of sinking at the stomach,
thrred tongue, nausea..wilh resIessness. These
had continued upwrads soflwelvemonth when
on consulting Dr.. WIN. Evans, 100 Chatham
street, and submitting to his over successful and
agreedby mode of taeatment, the patient was
completely restored to health in the short space
of one month, and grateful for the incalcuIabIe
benefit derived, gladly came forward and vol>
unteered tho above statement
DR.. WIN. EVANS Medical Office, 100
Chatham street, New York.
The Ohio Democrat and Dover advertiser. [volume] (Canal Dover, Ohio) 1839-1840, 1840-05-22
l. A DI E. s.
LADI E s.
COMP ANTON.
18TH VOLUME COMMENCES
WITH THE MAY NUMBER.
n thousand issued monthly !l!

II thousand issued monthly ~!
The LADIES' COMPANION. established
in May, lS94-a popular and highly esteemed
magazine of General Literature and the Fine
Arts embelished with GORGEOUS and costly en-.
cravings on Steel, and The Quarterly Fashions
and also with fashionable and Popular Music,
arranged ior the Plano-For,e, Harp and Guitar.
Since the publication of the number for No.
vember, the demand for the Ladies Companion
has been unprecedented and beyond the most
sanguine anticipation. Al The commencement
of the volume an additional number Of cope>
were printed, which was considered al the time
adequate to satisfy all the orders which might be
received, and leave a considerable number On
hand for subsequent calls. The publisher is
more than gralified in stating that the whole Of
an edition of SIX Thousand, Five Hundred Con
les, was completely exhausted belnre the ssu.
ing of the third number of the volume: and,
consequently, he was compelled 10 re-prirt a
srrunh Edi,iun of Tvvo thousand cupies, maxi
ing the circulation Of the Ladies Companion
Eight thousand five hundred, at the termination
of the Tenth Volume.
In consequence ofthis great and unparalleled
increase Of new subscribers, he has determined
to commenCe he new volume for the ensuing
year, with THIRTEEN THOUSAND: hop.
ing that he will thus be enabled to supply all the
additional demands for the LADIES Companion
as well as those disappointed in commencing
with tho tenth volume. The proprietor feels
grateful for that encouragement which las been
so lavishly bestowed upon his magazine, and at
the same time he hegs 10 assure the readers Of
the Ladies' Campanion. that il is his determn-
ed resolution to meet it with a corresponding
iiberary to merit its continuance. The work
appears in
BEAUTIFUL NEW TYPE,
printed on the finest paper, smoothly pressed,
and neatly siitched'in handsome cover.
The Ladies' Companion contains larger
quantity of reading than any other magazine is-
sued in this county, and its subscription price is
only three dollars year. whila The great com~
bination Of talent secured for the coming year
will render it unequaled by any other periods
cal.
| Splendid STEEL ENGRAVINGS,
Prepared BY Mr.. A Dick, ornament the work
- one Of which accompanies each number.
These plates are entirely new, and arc sDgrav.
ed at heavy expense by one of the best artists
! in Americs, expressly for the magazine. The
The Ohio Democrat and Dover advertiser. [volume] (Canal Dover, Ohio) 1839-1840, 1840-05-22
DR.. WILLIAM EVANS
s O o Il II IN GSY SR UP
FOR CHILDREN TEETHING.
PREPARED BY HIMSELF,
PREPARED BY HIMSELF.
TO Mothers and Nurses.

The passage of the teeth through the guma
produces troublesome and dangerous symptoms.
II is known by mothers that there is great irrit-
alton in the mouth aud gums during this prO>
cess. The gums swell, the secretion of the salt
IVA is increased. the child is seized with lrequerl>
nd sudden fits of crying. watching, starting in
sleep, and spasms Of peculiar parts; the child
snrieks with extreme violence, and thrusts
fingers into its mouth. lfthese precursary syn p
toms are not speedily alleviated, ,spasmodc con-
vuisions universally supervene, and sonn ravsa
the dissolution of the infant. If mothers who
have their little babes afflicted with thtse dis
tressing symptoms would apply DR.. v iillam
Evans's Soothing Sy rur, which has preserved
hundreds of infants when thought past recoro-
ry, from being suddenly attacked with thai la
tai malady commissions.
This inldIIibe remedy has preserved hnn-
dreds when thought past recovery, from con,
yulslous As soon as the Syrup is rubbed ON
the gums, the child will recover. This prepat-
alton is SO innoceut, so etfcacious, and so plea
SAINT. that no child will refuse TO lei its gums ba
rubbed with il. When infants are at the age Of
four months, though there is no appearance y
teeth, one bottle of the syrup slo, Id be used on
the gums TO open the pores. Parents should lie
yer be without the sylup in the nursery where
there are young children. for il child wakes
in the night with pain IN the gums, The Syrup
Immediately gives ease, by opening the pores
and heals the guns;thereby preventing Conyul-
Ons. Fevers, &c.
IL Entered according to Act ofCongress. Es
particular that the lulIe on the Lox expresses
such. The genuine is vended by Agents only.
dgent Dover,
The Ohio Democrat and Dover advertiser. [volume] (Canal Dover, Ohio) 1839-1840, 1840-05-22

BOOT & SHOE STORE
Situated in the building Jormeriy Occnpi-
ed as Il Grocery bv Mr.. Sfumph, y
opposite the Mansion House,
yNeu Philadsiphin, Ohio.
The Ohio Democrat and Dover advertiser. [volume] (Canal Dover, Ohio) 1839-1840, 1840-05-22
Boots g. Shoes.
800
Pair and More.
RE ADY M DE & For
s A L E 3 Y,

r MARTIN who would respectfully inform
% q his utd friends and the public, that he
still carries on the above business, in its
various branches, one door East Of J. ). Bur-
ress' Grocery Store. having Just received new
and general assortment Of BOOTS ~ SHOES
&c. adapted to the Season-Beng carefully
selected by and from several Of the most expe
renced manufactures, in th City, may I've relied
on to be good.
Intending also more extensively to continue
the manufacturing business, by keeping in his
employ the hest workman, he CHI obtain, and
having on hands abundance Of Stock and fin
Ho s, which challenge comparison in this pince.
dinshope violence permitting 10 be able con.
stnntly to furnish aOundan chUlss, give general
satisfaction, aud justly merit sufficient share
public patronage. Determined 10 improve his
business by all fair means-he assures those who
may favour him with call, that he will sell As
low for good pay, as any articles Of the same
kind, and quality, so far as he knows can be
had in this part of the Country.
N. B. All rips and premature breaches if res
turned, will be repaired free of expence.
Canal Dover, Dec. a. 1889. tGt
The Ohio Democrat and Dover advertiser. [volume] (Canal Dover, Ohio) 1839-1840, 1840-05-22
BEAUTIFUL NEW TYPE,
Splendid STEEL ENGRAvINGs,

Prepared BY Mr.. A Dick, ornament the work
- one Of which accompanies each number.
These plates are entirely new, and arc sDgrav-
ed at a heavy expense by one of the best artists
in Americs, expressly for the magazine. The
The Ohio Democrat and Dover advertiser. [volume] (Canal Dover, Ohio) 1839-1840, 1840-05-22

{ VI A seceTe case Of Piles cured at 100 Chatham
street. MIR. Daniel Spinning Of Shrewsbury,
Eden Town. New Jersey, was severely affllc.
ted with Piles fer more than 20 years. Had
recourse to medicines Of almost every de sc,iIs
lun, also the advice Of several eminent Pys i
cians, 5utneyer found the slightest relief fr m
my source whatsoeve: until he called on d..
Evans, of 100 Chatham street, New York, and
procured some medicine from him, from which
he found immediate relief. and subsequentye
perfect cure.
u AnOtter recent teStof the unriuellea alru
If DR.. Vim. Exams Medicine. e.-DYSPEPSlA,
TEN YEARS S'rANDlNG.-Mr. ]. McKcn-
zie, l76 Stanton street, was afflicted with tn
above complaint for ten years, which incapncla-
I'D h m at intervals, for the period Of six years,
~ attending TO his business, restored 10 perfect
ealth under the salutary treatment OF DR.. VIM.
Evans.
The sumptoms .rere--A sense Of distenson
and oppression after eating, distressing pain in
The nit of the stomach, nausea, impaired appe-
te. piddness, papilatipn of the hr,rt, ereat
debility and epaclation, depression of spirits,
disturbed rest, sometimes bilious vomiting.
and pain in the right side, an extreme degree Of
langnor and faintness any endeavour to pursue
his business causing immediate exhaustion and
weariness.
Mr.. Mckenzie is daily attending to his bsui-
ness, and hone oI the above symptoms have re-
cured since he used the medicine. He is now
a strong and healthy man. EIe resorled to my
rads OF remedies, but they were all Intellectual.
He is willing 10 giyn any information to the af.
Aicted respecting the lnestmable benefit render
ed to him by the use OF DR.. VIM. Evans' ned
lcine.
The above Medicine can'be procured of all
Or. VIM. Evans advertised agents in tho United
States, and throughout the World.
u Dr. Evans, in order to prevent the pat.
rons ofhis Medicines being imposed upon by
counterfets, has had the labels ofafl his medI.
clnes entered according to act Of Congress. ie
requests them therefore, 10 he particular in see~
ing that the labels contain the following notice:
''Entcred according 10 act Of Congress, ,bu ".
Exams, in The gear 1885, in the Clerks O&es Of
ute Southern District Court of Nevn York;
AGENTS. . p
nj. G. Younglow. CLEVELAND. ,
The Ohio Democrat and Dover advertiser. [volume] (Canal Dover, Ohio) 1839-1840, 1840-05-22

GJLetter from the Hon. Abraham M'Clel
Ian, Sullivan County, East Tennessee, Sleu-
ber of Congress.
The Camden journal. [volume] (Camden, S.C.) 1836-1851, 1840-12-16

&c CifTdg dgxaphy OF ekdSafsd We khali
endenvour % i aslits u suf podes 70 gritty seis
feeling, BY giving from fihne totirae, correct ita-
tons Of the most celebrated Female writers OF .te
day. '' -
ANY embellishments to be found in any other
Magazine, may Ee looked for in the; Lady Beok-
OUR READING MATTER
Is about the same in quantity us anyIsmilar pro-
ducton, probably little in favor Of the Book. IL
would I've foolish and false to saysthat it contains
uore and the proprietor is not willing to condess
cend to such means for any supposed adyonecnent
OF his interest. The paper, is Of the finest quality
tor periodical use. And the typographical execu-
ton has long been subject Of congraiulation with
those best acquainted with these matters. 1l&
TRANSMISSION BY MAIL. -.-,.
One advantage the subscribers Of this work will
have, is its early reception II will be received aI
the remotest Cities of the Union, by the fret day
of the month of publication. z...r f,..-f'.
- '''' BUSINESS DEPARTMENT.
The price of the publication is THREE DOL
LARS per annum-the money 10 be positively re-.
ceiyed before number is sent. No letters will be-
taken from the Post Office unless the postage on
them is paid. Unless positive orders are given. at
the time of subscribing, the work is continued af.
ter the first year. and If Tot paid during the year,
the price will be increased to FOUR DOLLARS,
We will continue to 2 furnish WALTER
sCOTT's NOVELS complete and the LEAlD[Yl'S
For ,he convenience of persons wishing TO sub
scribe for any of the following publications- Gra-
hams Magazine Saturday Courier Saturday
Chronicle-AIexander's Weekly. Messenger, or
Saturday Evening Post-they viii be furnished
with the LADY'S BOOK, and any one Of these
publications one year, npon the receipt of;FlYE
DOLLARS postage paid. -. ...-., i..,.s. 81 a.
Address
L. A. Cooley, eI1 chesnut street, rhilad.li lila
We resEectfully solict that The above ;msy No in
serted entire. 1t is all that is asked 10 entitle IN
an exchange for l84O. We shall commence with
January sending 10 those papers who have com.
piled with this request; and to others, only from
The time their papers arc received, containing the
advertisement a., nd: -. {.