The Charlotte journal. [volume] (Charlotte, N.C.) 1835-1851, 1840-04-23
RTR.9E ECO.vD.NY:
AGRIcuLTURE IN ENGLAND.

At an agricultural meeting in the State
Iloasc, Boston, a short time since, the Hon.
Daniel Webster. gave, in speech, some Of
the results Of his observations, during his
hte stay in EogIand. We insert them as
reported by correspondent Of the New
York Journal Of Commerce..
After general aud very appropriate pre-.
amble, Mr.. Webster observed that the pri.
mary elements, IN the consideration Of the
agriculture Ola country, we're four climate,
SOL, price Of laad, and price Of labor.
The climate of England differed essen.
tally from ours. They we've on the scs,.
err side Of the eastern, aud We on the east.
ern side og the western continent. The eli.
nale Of czech country was materially affect.
ed BY their respective situations IN relation
10 the ocean. The winds which prevail
both in This country and 10 England are
from the west, and westerly winds blow
three days GU, Of -four. The consequence
h, that our winters are colder end our SUN.
rers much hotter. Our latitude was about
that Of 0porlo, We, the temperature was
very different. On these accounts, the ina.
icsing Of the crops IN England and the pow.
CT d using these crops, would create a una.
letial difference between their agriculture
md ours. II may Be supposed that our eli.
mute mus, resemble that Of China in the
samo attitudes; and this fact may have an
essential bearing on one branch OF agricuI.
lure, the production Of silk.
The second point lies in the soil. Tint
Of England as nlaialy arsllaceous, sci,
and unciions loan On a subs,ratum Of clay.
The southern paris are sandy, resting On
deep beds of chalk. The rocks are Of
diEcfcn, formation from ours. Ours is
granite soil. There is Granite 10 Grea.
Britain, but this species OF soil prevails 10
Scotland, which more resembles our coun
Try. Our soils are stony, which are no,
found 10 England. We may have land as
good our aluvial soils on Connecticut Fiv.
er, &c, are equal 10 any, bu, these have no
clay. !, is nn, proper, however, To CON
pare the Two soils, because of the extreme
differences in different parts OF our country,
through so many degrees OF latitude.
The price of land is three times as high
10 E0gand as in Massachusetts,.
The price Of labor is much higher in
Massachusetts,. 10 different parts Of Eng
land the price is various but it may be SCI
down twice as dear With US as there.
These are general remarks. Have We
any hing 10 learnt Is there any thing in
their condition applicable to ours
Agriculture in England has strongly Of.
tracisd The attention Of men Of science
they have studied particularly the soil
More than twenty years ago, Dayy treated
fthe application Of chemical knowledge to
agriculture in the chemical analysis OF soils
aud manures. The same attention has been
continued to the subject, and the esIraor.
binary advances 10 chemical science, since
his time, are likely TO operate greatly TO
the advantage Of agriculture. The same in
France. We hope for like results here
from the application Of science.
A second material feature IN their agri
culture is tho rotation Of crops. IL is
settled principle that two whiie crops shall
not come in immediate succession. A ten
ant would be discharged by his landlord
who should violate this rule. White crops
are grain crops, wheat, barley, ryo, and
oats. These are succeeded by, or alierna.
ted with, potatoes, vetches. tares, beans,
peas, turnips, and clover, which are green
crops.
The great improvements in English bus
sandry are all traced to the introduction
from go to so years ago, of the cultivation
Of traips. Before tina, time, when lands
became exhausted by the repetition OF grain
crops, they we're leit fallop, that is, not
cultivated at all. This occurred as often
% every fourth year, 80 that one quarter of
The arabic land was always out Of cultiva
non. Turnips are now substituted for these
laIlows; and land in turnips is considered
a :. ialow; the philosophy Of which is, that
The raising Of crops does not in itself enrich,
but exhausts the land. The exhaustion
however, takes place mainly when the seeds
Of plaut are allowed TO perfect themselves.
The turnp is biennial plant. II does not