The pilot and transcript. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1840-1841, 1840-12-12

as that Of the theological questions"
'sIt seemed inevitable that a state of things
would arise in Bavaria similar to that which
had long prevailed in Austria, a legal oppose
ton of the estates to the sovereign, founded at
once on religion and on privileges unless the
prince should himself become a convert topro-
testantsm.
''Without doubt, this was the state of things,
by which, as we have mentioned, the invitation
to the esuits was mainly caused. It is possible
that their doctrine made an impression the
mind of duke Albert V; and indeed he once con-
fessed at later period that whatever he under
stood of Gods law he had learnt from Hoffueus
and Canicius, both jesuts. Another influence
however ce-operated: Plus ~ not only pointed
out to the duke that every religious concession
would impair the obedience of his SUBJECTS
(Which in the then situation of the principalities
of Germany was not to be denied) but gave
weight to the warning by marks Of favor; he
abandoned to him tenth of the property of his
clergy. Whilst he thus made him more Inde-
pendent of the pleasure of the Estates, he showed
him what advantage he had to expect from a
connexion with the church of Rome
''The main point then was, whether the duke
would be able to eradicate the religious opposi-
ton ofhis Estates which had already taken root.
He commenced operations at the diet of Ingold-
stadt in the year 1868.
Albert, Count of Ortenburg, resolved to intro
duee the Catholic influence into dominions which
he claimed to hold Immediately of the empire,
and by way of furnishing some of the nobility,
excluded them from the Bavarian Diet
The historian adds:
GAS they now constituted the only remaining
opposition, he became absolute master of the
estates, among aohOm there has been no further
controversy concerning religion from that time
to the present moment"
S'In short time there was not more deci-
dedly Catholic prince in all Germany than Duke
Albert, and he now addressed himself earnestly
to the task of making his country once more
completely othodox.
'EThe professors at Ingolsta9t were compelled
to subscribe the confession of faith which had
been proclaimed in consequence of the council
| of Trent. All the persons employed by govern
msnt were obliged to bind themselves by oath
to confession of unquestionable orthodoxy; if
any one refused he was dismissed. Nor did
| Duke Albert tolerate Professionalism in the COM
mon people The persecution began in Lower
Bavaria, whittier he had sent a few Jesuits to
convert the inhabitants, and where not only the
/ preachers, but all persons whatsoever, who adj
hered to the evangelical creed were compelled to
sell their property and to quit the country. The
| same course was pursued with the other part of
/ his dominions. No magistrate would have ven
tured to show federation to Protestants, which
penalty.
s'With this revival of Catholicism, all its mo-
dern forms were transplanted from Italy to Ger
many. An index Of forbidden books was framed;
they were picked out of libraries and burned in
heaps, while on the other hand every thing was
done to promote the circulation of those of
strictly Catholic tendency, and to encourage
their authors. The duke caused the Sacred His
tory of SIRIUS to be translated into German, and
printed at his own cost. The greatest devotion
was paid to relics; Saint Benno, of when in
another part of Germany (Meissen) the people
would hear no more, was now formally proclaim
ed the patron of Bavaria. Architecture and
music were first introduced at Munich in the
taste of the restored Church; above all, eneour-
agement given TO the Jesuits colleges by
which the education of the rising generation was
carried on in the strictly orthodox spirit.
'sThe Jesuits, on the other hand, were I'M
| wearied in their praises of the duke, whom they
called second Josias, or new Theodosius.
Gone question alone remained. The more
important was the extension of the temporal SOW
reignty which ACQUIRED to the protestant princes
from the influence they obtained over the affairs
Of religion, the more did the renovated authority
of theIecclesiastical power seems to impose re-
straints upon it.
e'But remedy was provided for this also.
The popes clearly saw, that they could only sue
coed insupholding their declining power or in re-
temporal sovreigns; they cherished no illusion
on the subject, but made it their whole policy
to form close union with the princes of Eu-
rope.
<sIn the instruction which Gregory gave to the
first nuncie whom he sent to Bavaria, he says
without any circunlocution, that it is the most
ardent wish ofhis holiness to re-esablish the de-
cayed discipline of the church, but that he sees
that for the attainment of so important an end,
he must unite with temporal princes; that as
through their piety religion has been upheld,
with their help alone could church discipline
and good morals be re-established." y
How much is it like the present Pope's ency-
clical letter 10 you. Wherein, after denouncing
the liberty of opinion, of conscience, and of the
press, after the bitterest denunciations of Pro-
testant opinions, he says:
ssMay this our zeal for the welfare of reli-
gious and public order, acquire and and authority
from PRINCES, our dearest SONS in Christ,
who, let them reflect, have received their power
not merely for their temporal rule, but chiefly
for the protection of the Church. Let them
carefully observe that whatever is done for the
good of the Church, necessarily benefits their
government, and confirms the peace of their
states"
proceed with my quotations:
esThroughout the extent of the Dukes domin-
ions, he labored to restore the Catholic faith
Scarcely had the countship of Haag fallen iato
his hands, when he drove cut the Protestants
whom the late Count had tolerated, and re-es-
tablished the ritual and the doctrines of Catholi-
cism."
''The protestant inhabitants brought forward
imperial DEGREES for their projections but no heed
was paid to them; the dukes authorities proceed
ed, as the historian of the jesuits complacently
expresses it, sto set free the ears and the spirit
ofthe simple multitude for the reception OF the
heavenly doctrine, that is to say, they sent away
the protestant preachers, compelled the monks
who had not remained strictly orthodox to alb
jare all deviations from true faith, filled the
schools both primary and superior, with catholic
masters, and exiled the laity who refused to
conform. In the space of two years, 1870 and
1871, the whole country was restored to catho
licism.
MIn lh8l even schoolmasters Mere nhlined To