davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Cheraw gazette and Pee Dee farmer. [volume] (Cheraw S.C.) 1838-1839, 1839-05-10
THE TURNIP FLY,

Has been uncommonly destructive this
year to the ruta baga crop. 1t seems to be
confidently affirmed, in some Of the Euro
pean agricultural Journals, that sulphur, or
rhinestone, may be efectualIy employed as
a preventive. One mode of using it is,
slightly to mosten the seed and roll it IN
sulphur, previous to sowing. The other,
to keep the seed for some time in sulphur,
and to SOW the sulphur with the seed. 1t
is affirmed, that the young plants in this way
become so strongly impregnated with the
sulphur, that the 6y will not touch them.-
Sui phar is so extremely subtle, that it is
known to ditfuse itself, in very short time.
through the vegetable, as well as The animal
system; and it is known TO be obnoxious
or destructive to the whole race Of insects
The turnip seed ir:5ibes it, and imparts it.
with the sap, to the young plumule, or stem
Although the prescription is now out OF sea-
son, it should be laid by for trial at the SOW
ing season.
[Sowing radish seed on the same ground ant
at the same time with the turnip seed has beer
found to answer. The worms are said to pre-
fer the radsh, and to cmfne themselves Il
this plant till the turnip is SO large as not to b
injured by them; after which the radish may
be pulled up. Ed. Z. GAzETTE.]
Cheraw gazette and Pee Dee farmer. [volume] (Cheraw S.C.) 1838-1839, 1839-05-10

average f6,a50, 900 lbs. of raw silk, Which,
at the low price Of ST pound, would rea-
ize an annual production Of $25, 900 !!
This is not an e,travagaat calculation,
nor one Of those ridiculous oxaggerations
which one Often meets in certain speeches
and addresses, in which the mos. fantasllcal
prospects are offered 10 u creduous audi.
ence., 1t is calculation founded on what
happens in every place where the culture of
silk is considered branch CT husbandry
and source of general welfare.
'lnltay you could hardly find peasant,
in ths months of May and June, whose hut
does not contain from $4,000 to 100000
silk worms, by which he will be able TO pay
siIhs.ent of his dwelling and many other ex-
penses incurred during the whole year.
There is no doubt that what is done on q
small scale by the poorest and mostignorant
Iabourers in Europe might be easily and
extensively undertaken by American farm.
ers, whose resources and better accommo-
dation would afford greater facilities and
better success
Cheraw gazette and Pee Dee farmer. [volume] (Cheraw S.C.) 1838-1839, 1839-05-10

ing should be chosen, and it ought to be par.
ticuiarly observed, that the land be not
ridged in TOO dry state.
"As soon as the land is opened for ma
nure, it ought to be laid in, the ridges
formed, and the seed drilled Immediately.
The quicker these operations follow each
other, the greater chance there is of good
crop.
1.-The manure chosen should be adopted
TO the soil, and such as is likely to insure the
speedy growth ofthe young PLAN, and full
quantity ought TO be allowed.
"The seed should not be deposited in the
manure, but the manure thinly Covered with
soil, and the seed drilled in this soil.
ga very liberal allowance Of seed ought
to be given, as mucl, as 3 lbs. or lbs. the
acre for drill, and 6 lbs. or Z lbs. for broad.
cast, and the seed should be Of one years
growth.
GAS soon as the plant appears above
ground, it should be busted with quick.lime,
and this repeated as quick as rain or wind
beats it of, and the fly reappcars.
We will only add that we spread our
manure, drill upon the level surface, and, in
eighieen years. practice, have never made
any topical application, and yet have never
failed in obtaining a fair cropof turnips.
Cheraw gazette and Pee Dee farmer. [volume] (Cheraw S.C.) 1838-1839, 1839-05-10
THE MAIN OBJECTS

Of farming are, or should be, two fold,
w: lst the greatest nett profit with refer.
ence. however, 2dly, to the Improvement.
or at least 10 the preservation Of the fertility
of,he sol. He that wears out his land, by
parsmunous stintIng of manure and labor,
and rose cropping, with view 10 present
gain, may be compared to the intemperate
man VINO parts with his last COW, that tsd
his family, to crafty Incorporate indulsen-
cies. Wnlle good land pays always liberal
reward TO labor, poor lan1 often beggars its
proprietor The fault is often admitted, that
our farmers cultivated too much land to cuI.
tvale it well ) tina, they are parsmoneous
of their expenditure to put it and TO keep it
in good order and that theyrely more upon
propnIous seasons, good luck, and the spe-
clal bounlIes of Providence, for good crops,
than they do upon judicious management
upon the capital and labor employed IN
the improvement of their grounds. There
is no sounder maxim for the guidance of the
farmer, than that which teaches-"wuAT
YOU DO. DO WELL"
Among our extracts in this days paper,
will be found a communication from "A
Hampshire Farmer" which we copy from
Tie Farmers Magazine, contrasting the
profits of The old and new system of hus-
bandry, not only as verified in his own
practice, but in that of Won Thaer, whom
we agree with the writer in pronouncng
pre.eminent in both the theory and practice
Of agriculture. And we beg our readers
to mark the result ION the improve
system the expense of cultivation is dou6Ie ;
the gross product is TRIPLE the nett pro-
duce is QUADRUPLE!
Cheraw gazette and Pee Dee farmer. [volume] (Cheraw S.C.) 1838-1839, 1839-05-10
1ge MAg1EAN,
EDITOR Ard PROPHET
T f. Z nj S:

Ifpaid within three months, =. %
II paid within three months after the close
OF the year, oU
If paid within twelve months after the
:. close of the year. %
1fnot paid within that time, 90
"A company often persons taking the paper at
the same Post Office shall be entitled to it at $25
provided the names be forwarded together, and
accompanied by the money.
No paper to be discontinued but at the option
of the editor till arrearages are paid.
Advertisements not exceeding sixteen lines,
inserted for one dollar the first time, and
fifty cents, each subsequont Insertion -..sa--~a
Persons sending in advertisements are request
e.. % specify the number of times they are to be
irse ted; otherwise they will be continued till
ordered out, and charged accordingly.
pThe Postage must be paid on all commu.
nications.
Cheraw gazette and Pee Dee farmer. [volume] (Cheraw S.C.) 1838-1839, 1839-05-10
High7dnd Horticultural Society of Scot.

Highland Agricultural Society Of Scot.
handsome unknown friend has kindly
sent US the Scotsman, printed at Edinburgh
several columns Of which are occupied with
an account of the meeting Of this society a,
Dumfries. There were more than two hun.
dfed cattle entered for premium, ofthe Gal.
ioway, Short Horn. Ayreshire, and other
breeds; more than 500 sheep. besides horses,
swine and other domestic animals; many
new implements, seeds, grains, roots, &c.
The Messrs. Lawsons, who have one Of
the best arranged seed establishments any
where to be found, and who have been Justly
commended for their zeal and in getting up
an agricultural museum, exhibited several
new seeds of wheat, barley, oats, &C.,
which promise to be an acquisition 10 hus
bandry; they also exhibited tho Rohan po.
,ato. But what strikes US as particularly
characteristic of Scotland, is the interes,
which the leading men of the na.ion-the
nobility, clergy and men of fortune-take
in these associations. and the encourage
ment they impair, to them by personal aten'
dance at their meetings, as well as pecunI'
ary contributions. And we observe, that
on this occasion, many gentlemen, Of dstln.
guished agricultural repuse, attended from
England, Ireland, and a depu,a!ion from an
agricultural society in France.
Cheraw gazette and Pee Dee farmer. [volume] (Cheraw S.C.) 1838-1839, 1839-05-10

take out the upright shoot, when the tree
has attained proper height, say seven to
ninc feet, and to leave three or four laterais
or limbs to form the head. And as pruning
does not increase Inc quantity Of wood, but
mas a different tendency and effect, by les.
scning the leaves, which are the organs OF
nutrition, the upright snool SHOULD not be
taken ou until The .erals have acquired
considerable wood and foliage. In pruning
fruit trees, all lin5s which are likely TO IN.
te.lrrc wrh each other, should be taken out
while they are small. The head ofthe tree
should be kept op n. so as 10 admit light
and air, essen Ial 10 the maturity ofthe fruit.
In pruning all irees in the nursery, the limbs
should be left always upon one.lhlrd of The
Stem, that is, only 'wo-ti,irds Of the stem
should be denuded of limbs.
Cheraw gazette and Pee Dee farmer. [volume] (Cheraw S.C.) 1838-1839, 1839-05-10
From the Pennsylvania lntelligencer.
THE SILK BUSINESS.

We arc not engaged directly or indirectly
in the silk business--the only interest we
feel in it is that which every friend ofAmeri.
can manufactures, industry and prosperity,
ought to feel. Hence we speak without
having in view a private 'speculatlon,' when
we declare it 10 be our opinion that the
business will do d vast deal Of good in our
country, by furnishing employment to many
Door people of both sex's, and by keeping
in the Unl1ed States an immense amount o,
money which now annually goes out otlhem.
The smorus mu.tlcauis fever as it 10 called,
Is now happily raging. and the best effects
will flow from it. Many persons sneer at
.morus. mullicaulis,' and perhaps shrewdly
warn their neighbours against burning their
fingers but they who sneer are they who
are ,gnoranr rough ofthe tres and silk bus-
ness to deserve to be sneered at. Indeed
many cannot comprehend, for lac,. Of
knowledge, why it is that there IS so much
excitement all at once on the subject Of silk;
the matter, however, is easily explained
With other varieties Of the multerry it re-
quires sir gears to produce an orchard from
whi h to feed worms whereas, an orchard
of morus uullicaulis can be reared almost
in sir veeks, and in addition to this property
of the plant it multiplies exceedingly we'll
at least twenty per ceu. and frequently IN
a much heavier fold. The present high
prices of the tree cannot be expected to hold
ou, more than two or three years at farthest
they are fctilr Us. and must ultimately
fall, because the increase will in short time
fully meet the demand. Many fortunes
have been and will be made in the business
of growing trees for sale, and the man must
be very unfit for any dealings who can con.
trive to lose at it: for when the time arrives
that he cannot dispose of his trees at least al
prices to save himself, he can realize Proht
by using them for the feeding of worms
For this reasonth the present speculation tano
it is specu ation) in the tree growIng ous''
ness, may be regarded as slngular'y LOT.
tunate for the conntry-lt must eno' ho'
in general bursting Of the bubble, bu' 10
the rearing and Isedng of worms and t'e
reeIng of silk for home consumption ano lot
expectation also.
We cut the following calculation from
one of our cxchnn-c papers. =
Suppose that out Of fifteen millions OF
Inhabitants in the United States, ene million
of them compose that useful and worthy
class called farmers. Suppose again that
only one.half OF them would devo:e SIX
weeks every year to raise few thousand
silk worms. Persons we'll acquainted Win
the ar, Of silk growing will assure you ina,
the poorest farmer, having few hundreo
mulberry trees properly cultivated, having
house. however small, and an industrious
wife, may, with the leas, trouble and without
any extra expense, give crop OF at leass
100 lbs. Of cocoons. This minimum
Obtained from 100000 farmers throughout
the Union, would give US an annual proouc'
ton Of 5O,OGO,OOO lhs. Of cocoons, or an
Cheraw gazette and Pee Dee farmer. [volume] (Cheraw S.C.) 1838-1839, 1839-05-10
From the Silk Journal.
Extract Of a letter. from a friend, near EA~
ton, Md.

Il have only to-day returned from Phila.
delpha. conversed with an intelligent
gentleman from Missouri, upon the subject
ofthe cultivation Of the silk, and asked bis
opinion a. to what would be the fate Of the
morus the coming faIl-he assured me it
vas his opinion they would maintain high
prices, and IN confirmation of his opinion,
showed me a Missouri Isl. Louis) paper.
IN which it was evident great interest," and
zeal was manifested on the subect-he also
gave it as his opinion, that the coming fall
crop would not supply the demands of Ken.
lucky and Missouri. confess he made me
convert to his opinions, and did not my
Jew vocation call me elsewhere, would
plant largely.
Cheraw gazette and Pee Dee farmer. [volume] (Cheraw S.C.) 1838-1839, 1839-05-10
From the Cultivator.
SINGULAR EFFECTS OF GYPSUM.

]. Buel, Esq.-Sir-No doubt you are
pleased to hear any remarks that will bene.
fit the agricultural community. Therefore
remark, that on Saturday the 18th Of this
month, we commenced applying gypsum to.
our corn we commenced late 10 the afier-
noon, and only plastered about one-third Of
the field, which contains about 4 1-2acres.
The ground was dry when we applied tie
gypsum. On Sunday, We had very heavy
shower. On Monday we eplastered the re-
mainder of the field. There was drain
that led from the highway into the field,
which conducted the water into it. A. 6w
perches Of the land were 10 puddIes; bot
when the last plaster was applied, the water
had subsided, but yet the ground was cot
where the water had stood 10 those spots
we soon after discovered that the corn wSs
evidently perished! and all over that part
Of the field last plastered turned yellow;
ceased to grow, and now looks miserable.
That part first plastered looks black, thrifty,
and is twice the length Of the latter! ith
10 me al full evidence, that gypsum applied
to wet, or moist land is a damage in lieu Of
benefit; and never ought to be applied ID.
corn after rain, until the ground gets dry
and warm. 1t is proper to observe, that The
two paris Of the field are about as equal as
to moistness as you will find generally %
high, hilly land; not any Of it wet, but dry
land. The odd appearance Of the corn
commencing a. row, aud contiruisg
through the field, is so conspicuous that
people travelling by, viii stop, wonder and
inquire. No doubt it is generally under.
stood by farmers, at least by those who
have read the Cu!tivafor, that gypsum 10
damage applied to wet, or moist land.' The
circumstance of the application Of it, evi.
IDENTIFY proves, that it never ought to be up.
piled, even on the dryest land, even 10 time
of drought, when there has been dew
during the night, until the grass, if applied
to moving or pasture lands, or grain, until
the dew be wholly evaporated from the
earth. should say not till afternoon. !
am convinced the usual practice Of applying
it promiscuousIy, is the case of farmers
saying that it will not have the same effec:
every year. 1t is common to commence
early 10 the morning, before the wind rises.
and also to escape the heat of the sun. hav
ing no consideration 10 moist effect. Hence
forth shall never apply h-oniy ~aan- the
ground is dry and warm.
am, sir, yours respectfully,
in. SEELYE.
Sherman, Connecticut, June Is, 1888.
ave havo not supposed that gypsom y
damage to wet ground, but merely that It pro-
duced no beneft.-C. Cult.
Cheraw gazette and Pee Dee farmer. [volume] (Cheraw S.C.) 1838-1839, 1839-05-10
Contents of Farmers Register, No. 4, le!'
VII.
Or,ginal Communications

Original Communications.
Experiment with Maryland twin.corn.
Essay on Vegetable Physiology. c.;,,;u,
On tho improv ment Of land by lime. Cuit'va-
tion of corn.
Eastern Virginia.
Successful mode of keeping sweet potatoes.
The country of Fluvanna.
On the importance Of calcareous soil for craps
and mulberry culrure.
Ola Podrida.
Alleged effects of slavery on the agriculture OF
Virginia.
Comparison of the agricultural management ana
economy of Virginia and New England.
Re !, arks on the charsctsr Of s.: William Bcgke-'
Plan of cocoonery and fixtures for the spinning
ofsik worms.
| The twin or okra cotton.
! Loin distemper in hogs.
Conditions Of the Farmers Regista<.
Monthly commercial report.
Selections.
arrieation of Lombardy.
Temperature Of Isag.
Cheraw gazette and Pee Dee farmer. [volume] (Cheraw S.C.) 1838-1839, 1839-05-10
From the Cultivator of November 1888.

FROM the CultNaloE VI A<cVemues AOoS'
The English Agricultural Society-a
national instllution--was organized in Lon.
don in June, under Earl Spencer as presi.
dent, twelve trustees and eleven vice-presi-
dents, all belonging 10 the nobility or to
parliament. We mention this latter circum-
stance merely TO show, that the 6rst men in
the British empire are the. ardent active ad.
voca,es of agricultural improvement and
are devoting their means TO its advance
ment ;--and in the hope, too that their OK.
ample may have a benign influence upon
the great men of our country, in inducing
them TO become active and liberal promo
ters of improvement in the great branch OF
national industry, and primary source of
national wealth. They may be assured
that they can hardly render, in any other
way, more enduring service to their coun.
try, or to its civil institutions.
Among the ayowed objects of this socie.
ty, are the following, which we copy for the
particular information of our statesmeni and
for the benefit of our readers generally, as
indicating some ofthe prominent means OF
improvement. These objects are,
81. To embody such information con-
tained in agricultural publications, and IN
other scientific works, as has been proved
by practical experience to be useful to the
cullivators OF the soil. :,
20. To correspond with the agricultural
horticultural, and other scientific societies,
at home and abroad. and TO select from such
correspondence, nil Information which, &C.
cording to the opinion ofthe society, likely
TO lead to practical benefit in the cult'Va''o"
ofthe soil.
"3. To repay any occupier of land or
other person who shall undertake, at the
request ofthe society, to try any experiment
how far such Information leads to useful re-
suits in practice, any, loss that ne may IN
cur by so doing.
"a. To encourage men Of science IN the
Improvement Of agricultural implements
The construction of farm buildings and cot
tagess the application Of chemistry to the
general purposes of agriculture, the destruc
ton of insects injurious 10 vegetable lite
and the eradication of weeds.
IS. To promote the discovery OF ne"
varieties of grain, and other vegetables use
fnl to man. or for the food Of domestic ant
mails.
&C. To collec, information with regard
to the management Of woods, plantations
and fences. and on every oher subject con
nected with rural improvement.
81. To take measures to improve the eau
Gallon of those pho depend upon the cult'
vation Of the soil for their SUPPORT
g. To take measures for improving I'M
veterinary art, as applied to cas'le' sheer
and pigs.
eve would add. as applicable to our own con
d;tion "and upon whom the state must ever DC
pend for the perpo.u;ty osits c;"il and religion
frecdor"
Cheraw gazette and Pee Dee farmer. [volume] (Cheraw S.C.) 1838-1839, 1839-05-10

"9. By the distribution ofprzes, and BY
other means, TO encourage the best mode Of
farm cultivation, and the breeds of live
stock"
Among lhe rules of the society, it is de.
clared to be fundamental one, that no
questions of a political tendency shall be
discussed at its meetings. -.
Among the prizes for essays, is one Of
SO sovereigus= 10 1920 "for the best ac-
count of the improvements which have
taken place in the agriculture of Scotland
since the formation of the Highland Socie.
ty."
Premiums often and twenty sovereituS
are also offered for the best essays, verified
by practice upon the folL Sing subjects:
81. Best m0ae ofkeoping rooss;
2. Subsoil or trench piouphing:
3. Transportation and admixture Of soils !;
f. Insects prejudicial to plants;
5. The black caterpillar which destroys tur.
nips;
6. Application Of mechanical power
I. Two horse p!oughs;
9. Spring food rn-grasses-vetches;
9. Rotation of crops
TO- Best mode Of annalyzing sois;
II. Irrigation;
IL. Plantations
l3. Underwood;
IA. Varieties Of grain;
Is. Economical keep offarm horses;
l6. Improved rural economy abroad
II. Stall feeding on the continent;
ls. On the diseases ofplants."
This society embraces 1876 governors.
that is, subscribers who pay IS, equal 10
1920, annually.
All Of these matters, It will be readily
seen, have strong bearing upon improve.
ment In agricullure,-they aim at substan.
tial and permanent mprovement-and will
afford useful suggestions, to our agricultural
societies, in the bestowment of their awards
The Ohio Democrat and Dover advertiser. [volume] (Canal Dover, Ohio) 1839-1840, 1839-10-10
DARING ROBBERY,-On Sa,u,

DARING ROBBERY,-On Saiur-
day night las. the store of Messrs Gra-
ham and Bigelow, in this place was
broken into and robbed to the amount
Of $400. 1t appears the villains effec-
ted an entrance by cutting out one Of
The lower pannels of the door, knocking
away the sheet iron inside, and crawled
n-procured lamp anc opened back
window, so as TO be able TO bea! re-
treat in case Of being surprised. They
next selected some of the finest cloths
and cassimeres, and after suiling them
selves, proceeded to on adjoining room
and chiselled the lock out of the desk.
but obtained only abodt fifteen dollars
in money, after which they decampad.
On Sunday afternoon, several piece,
of,he goods we're found secre,ed III 6
hay stack some distance from towo, TO-
gether with an over coat said 10 belong
4 TO a Mr. Gregory living in town. Som,
suspicious having been thrown out res
pecting him, he was arrested. u
Monday two more individuals wer,
brought down from Navarro, BY Office
Welty, armed with pistols and Bowi
knives looking as savage as themselves
On examination several articles wer,
found upon them, that had been pur
chased at the store on saturday, by tw'
men. Alter hearing before the mag
istrate, they were all committed to nl
swer the charge at the next court
The two lastprisoners gave their name
as Ladd and LIvinsworlb, alias Lair
and John Dow.
We understand since, that nearly
not quite all the goods have been ioun
in wheat field. 1t is supposed Iher
are number concerned, and yet prov
ling about the county.
The Ohio Democrat and Dover advertiser. [volume] (Canal Dover, Ohio) 1839-1840, 1839-10-10
THE SPECIE CLAUSE.

The Federalists are in hopes OF dri.
wing our party 10 compromise on the
Sub-treasury bill. They think if they
can only get the specie clause struck
out, lhe banks can still maintain then
supremacy. They are right-that will
be the result of il, and we hope none OF
our friends give up one inch Of the ad-
vantage they have already obtained.
The people are rallying under the Sub
Treasury banner from all quarters.
They just begin to understand the merits
Of the qusetios.jus come TO their sober
second thoughts hyou abandon the
specie claose, then will the banks &c,
possession Of all the goFd and silver, ,aOd
lock it up in their vaults away from the
people, and issue their bills in place Of
n or export it to foreign cOuntries"-
which they have no sooner done, than
they will decry the Sub Treasury sys-
ITEM as ibe cause OF the evil, and atlrib-
= the scarcity Of specie 10 the mess-
lIs ofthe Administration. Retain the
clauss, and all Tho debts due to
The Ohio Democrat and Dover advertiser. [volume] (Canal Dover, Ohio) 1839-1840, 1839-10-10
ALI Hail /! !!
MAR YLAND
Redeemed.

TRIUMPHANT VICTORY OF
DEMOCRACY OVER WHIG-
gerry, BRIBERY,& TREACH.
ERY.
Never we're tie Federalists so dis
comfiited, so totally routed, and 90 unI-
versally defeated, as they have been
this year IN Maryland. in spite Of mou-
ey, Banks, Presses, and horsehesh
Federalism is nearly dead; nothing can
save it. Ina few more gears, there
will be no spot in this wide spread u
Mon but will have been renovated,
cleansed from corruption, the 'broken
made whole ell by the sound and un-
wavrring principles Of Democracy.
We have gained the majority Of Con.
gressmeu, and Representatives in the
House of Delegates. See the returns.
Maryland Election.-The accounts
from the Congressional election in thi,
State are still imperfect, but we have
returns which render It certain that III.
following is the result in six districts