davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1839-05-09

CUBA,-The New Orleans Bulletin holdy khe
opinion that this important Island will not sTdch
longer remain under the dominion Of Span. The
editor says
THE position Of the island makes il the key to
the Gulf of Mexico, and holds forth facilities that
may constitute the centre OF rich and boundless
CON merce, while the extent Of its surface and tho
fertility of its SOIL furnish the capabilities Of becom
ing the of powerful and populous empire. All
that is wanting to realise these capabilities, and de-
velope these resources, is emanc patton from cooni
4. bondage-ihe erection Of Cuba into free and in
dependent state The way is rapidly preparing for
this great change. The people Of Cuba have only
to ,cH their freedom and the island will be lost
Spain. The vigilance Of military despotism has
hitherto ayaed to suppress every attempt ut rcvolu.
! ton; but the march Of innovation must soon show
footsteps here AS elsewhere. Already the inlrigues
and Vaccinations CT the Carst party, have put the
popular mind in action. The subject of politics
begins, for the first time, to engage the attention Of
the people. A little more thought, reflection and
debate on this topic and they will learn their right to
choose their rulers. and be governed Nv laws Of their
own making-and, then, farewell TO their domination
of SPAN. The COLONIAL yoke will be thrown of,
and perhaps, another great republic will ere long
be added to the magnificent democracy OF North
America
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1839-05-09

ARMY AND NAVY INTELLIGENCE.
From the Army and Nary Chronicle.


The Court Of Inquiry. now sitting IN Phiade phia,
in the . ase Of Commodore ELLIOTT. has drawn to
that place large number Of Navy officers either
with or from curiosity
The Court on Mondy last, and adjourned till
next Monday
The war between France and Mexico having
been happily brought 10 close, aud there being,
consequently, no longer necessity 10 employ Gov
eminent packets between the Uoited States and the
Mexican ports. on the return Of the brig ConSoH she
will be withdrawn from this service. The revenue
cutter schooner Woodbury., which has likewise been
employed ~ similar manner, will be turned over to
the Treasury Department., 10 which she belongs,
Some of the officers Of the Woodbury. have been
detached and placed leave aud others transferred
to the West India squadron.
The opinion Of the Court of Inquiry al ST. Louis,
in the case Of Lieut. Col. J. b. Brant Deputy
Quarermaster General, has not been promulgated,
but its tenor may be inferred from the fact that a
General Court Martial has been ordered 10 assemble
at ST. Louis the llh June, for his trial.
The Court viii be composed Of
Bv,. Bng. Gen John f. Wool, Inspector General
Bu Brig. Gen. w. X. Armslead, Col, Sd artillery.
Byt Col. John b. Walbach, 1t. Col. LIST do.
Col. George Croghan, Inspector General
Col. Stephen w. kearny, lst Dragons,
Bv Col. VIM. S. Foster, 1t. Col. 4th infantry.
Col. Trueman Cross, ASST Qualtermaster Gen.
Major Henry X. Craig, Ordnance.
Major Matthew NJ. Payne, I'd artillery.
MAJOR Hartman Bache, Corps Top. Engineers.
Byl. Major Levi Whiting, 4lh artillery
Major Jos. 7. Taylor, Commissary OF Subsistence
Capt. David H. Vinou, Assistant tuartermaster
Cap. William c, Dc Hart, ID artillery, Judge AID
vocale.
Gen. Wool, accompanied by Lieut.. Macomb. "a
assistant passed up the Mississippi on the 9Th inst
on his way to Fort Gibson, having already inspectc,
| the post on Red river,
A new military post has been established on til,
Illinois river, IN the Cherokee nation, about sixt,
niles noi.h OF Fort Gibson. aud has been named, b,
order oflhe Secretary y, War, Fort Wayne"
IS at present gartisoned by company, an infantry
under command OF Lieut.. NJ. &. NJ. i,amc. ,..,n
The nearest post office we believe is Fayetteville
Arkansas.
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1839-05-09
MATCH FOR $50, 900 ASIDE.

Mr. Wherry, the Secre, ry of the New Marke
Jockey Club, writes us officially that John c. Rogers
ESQ, OF Raleigh, ~ c.. has concluded post NJ latch
with Charles Hatcher, Esq, fNorfolk, Va, for 500
003 aside, four mile heats, TO come off over the New
Market Course, near Petersburg, during the annual
Fall Meeting of the Club
Mr. Rogers is to name a, the post the choice of
Col Wade Hamptons imp b C. Monarch by
Pnam out of De!phine by Whsker, s. yrs, or
Merritt Goodwin e. Rogers CHI i. The Queen, own
sister to Monarch, years
ar, Hatcher is likewise 10 name at the post either
Ed }. Wilson u Co.'S Dr. c. Portsmouth, by
Imp Luzborough, cut Of Polly Peacham by
John Richards 4 yrs or
Eu' j. lson q Co.'S or. m. Omega, y Timoleon
out OF Daisy Chopper by OgIe's Oscar, 5 yrs.
". Y. Spirit Of The Times.
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1839-05-09
From The Hartford Courier End inst.
OUTRAGE.

attempt 10 bloc up The Anti Storery Depository.
Last evening, about eight O'clock, heavy torpedo
was placed on The steps front of the Anti Slavery
Depository, IN Asylum street, by some villain, and
fired OH. The explosion was very heavy, sharterng
the windows, Il blowing The door the back end OF he
store, near where two gentlemen sitting, who
fortunately escaped uninjured. The windows in the
dwellings on the opposite side Of the street were
slightly inJured-aso those in the house adjoining
the Repository lad passed the door, we under
stand, hafa moment before the explosion, and was
told by fellow standing by, thai he had better
get out ofthe way, or he would be hurt the ex-
plosion quickly followed. The fellow was immed
aeiy after recognized by the boy, whereupon he was
arrested as the perperaor of the outrage, and COM
mnted to the warch-house his name is Clark, and
II he IS the person who ! as thus jeopardized the
property and lives Of citlzens we hope he will
receive most severe punishment.
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1839-05-09

H.
.s.,lx nude, his o~ n uose too, are fsps a =, "a
s,s.xreeansls uura. They go ne ssssn ~
-. Il. .i.ss and 10 Keep ali'e 'i'e se e. I'll.
~, sided 70. To disorganise Is Ut nY f.
s..,", ch.os they 6ud the elements OF Lpeo
,... anarchy they End the materials t4ey ~
90 Ii mig hi afford yop SAFE e'"e,,o"
."' -, Of the comparative merits o, our Po''
u. =, men here, il YOU could see .he'.
cay - eolumns. 'iwouid be pleasing % show
10 r. had made large and respectable eoufibu-
70. -. ,,ano,e The cause Of Air,cds. Colonization
.ssas ~. ,eI Won, the names OF s,les aud Tonce,
Ia no, ssure on thu, s,.whst The very men FOUL,
.s.srd. stand ou, in bold relief. And what say abo-
,i...,sfs Of those who Favor Colonization Why,
he selonixnion Society, and all engaged IN cary
80 ont us noble designs. are anaiheniatistd bn'
Ind you. The auaihemas fall not on Jno NJ Niles
=, Isaac Toucey-no, no-they have never inonr
,ehuke IRON that souice. will oni, add, that
~heu the Vagina delegation nineie IN Congress
Vii ,he pyeseai delegation from Connecticut, they
vii meet with gentlemen whose views and feelings
=, ,h. subject OF Slavery. will not be iepngnant to
,hosr Of he hes, sous OF Old Virginia. ihe Aboh
,n n,riy is formed Of relies OF The old anii-nasoui'
many. When that patty girded on the polluted ar
mo,. they ssak under its weight. The san' iai'
aysitsihe Abolition party-in tact, for all polr'ea
nurposes they are practically deiune-ihat is well
Yours. &c. lfe'efso"s "''
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1839-05-09

~ SUMPTEK. VALA.J Apfil IS.
The Circuit Court for the County OF Sumpter ad-
JOINED Oh yesterday, after session OF twelve DAYS
the Ilon, Peter Martin, presiding. On Tuesday
last, the trial OF Christopher C. Scott and Frames
T. Scott on an inoiu.meG, for the killing OF Isaac
Smith, which was found by lie grand jury at the last
October term, was commenced, and aIlt: occupying
hfee entire dayshe jury returned into Court on FRI
DAY morning. with verdict for manslaue hler, and
imposed fine oil $500 upon Christopher c. Scott,
and verdict OF not guilty, Francis I. Scott,
VINO had been indicted principal in the second
degree The prosecution WIS ably conducted on the
pat OF the State, by Messrs. Williams and Steele,
and the defence was managed with great skin and
ability by Messrs. Erwin and Murphy.
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1839-05-09

A Political scene in The Police Court-lf a man
had time, he could find in the broad world. so
queer a school OF poor humanity, is daily taught IN
the CITY Police Count, in the Hall of Justice. Po-
lice Courts III Europe have their droeres but here
is something generis in the peculiarly OF our insti-
tutous.
We happened to be in tho Egyptian Hall the 9th
or day when an Irish woman 10, who had been
complaining OF her spouse for beating her with a
cowhide; and her neck and shoulders upon exani-
ton were most savagely mutated,-scarred all over
indeed with the bloody stripes, Inflicted by her bru-
tai husband so that she seemed then to be in an
agony Of pain An officer sent for this monster OF il
husband, and the brute brought in. As he caught
the eye Of his wife, he gave savage look as
much say. If you have done this III beat you
to death when get hold Of you again" Wherenp-
on she was Withdrawing her complaint; and" La
me !" says she, !" it was all my fault. your honor"
The Justice Merritt, however did not chose 10 sur
render such IA husband, under the grasp Of the
law, and he ordered him TO find bail for his good
behaviour TO the amount OF $500. lie Uhe prison
ei) then asked one of the officers of the Court be
his BAIL who replied the Justice would not take an
officer. Then Alderman Brady" says he g will be
my bai;" and he boo hoo ood pucously enough his
eye directed the door leading to the cell
His tears, however, dried up and he burst foi
in rage. with his eye upon the Justice. You'll
repent you will-ofthis," says he, the next cleo
ton. IN put you off the way of putting a Dimocra
IN prison" And he shook his fist in tempest of rage
the officer dragged him to a cell, and as he roar
ed out again. THpm you Of The way Of putting
! Dlmorfdt into prison. ". \. Express.
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1839-05-09
N. c. STATE COURSE.


We have been furnished with the following resul.s
OF the Spring Meeting over this Course, which CON-
menced on Tuesday, April 80, 1889.
FfRsr DAY.-Ladies' Purse, $3o0-iwo mila
heats.
William McCargo's Ii David Fylde,
John Whiie's Little Beaver, 2
ID. McDaniels oh C by Contract, 3
SANE DAr-Sweepstakes-eniran 800.
d. Mcdaniel q Col. ]. NJ. Bryan, or Ginger
Blue,
WIN. McCargo'sb Jackson, J
Robert Cunnlngham by Eclipse Lighifooi, 2
SECOND DAY-Propretor's Purse S4oo-,hree
mile heats.
David McDanel's u. NJ. Brown) g Sam John.
son
oil. John White bh Temple, "a
Col. McCargo, b h Walter L.. ds.
SANE DAr-Match Race for $3.50 side between
William II. Mead's 6 by Tressilian and David
Nc Daniels & pedigree unknown. Won with ease
by the latter.
! THIRp DAY-Jockey Club Purse milo heats
David Nc Daniel, b Vashti, 1
Col. White, h Burnett 9
| Col McCargo b m Molly Ward dist
! FOURTH DAY-Citizens Purse $200-nile heats
best 3 IN 5.
Little Beaver, BIC , q
Waller l.. l
Uncle Jonathan, CHI C 3 3
Raleigh Register
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1839-05-09
or. Two old Dwelling ,-s4
Iam HOUSES, a,,.


Each with two stone Cbmneys. two large Barns 20
. ~ 90 lret long each, wIh excellent Treadlne
Floors, and each shielded all around, either of them
sutisnt to shelter any Individuals stockin the Vi.
ciouy. 10 one OF the Barns an excellent new
Threshiug Machine, horse power, &c. complete is
attached. Near two miles Of blind dltching twell
executed under my eye,1 has been done on This
estate not leaving over or acres II wet for
corn OF wheat aud thai IN timothy and herds grass
And not twenty acre field on the estate which has
Z not one or more excellent Springs on IT, TO he
tobacco planter farmer or grazIer, estate IN Vr-
gluia Is more desirable. And that portion of the
Land requnng improvement is, Gas is the entire es.
tate. susceptible oil rapid aud high improvement
as any Land in Virginia. the whole based on a sub.
stratum OF as pure, tenacious and valuable clay AS
any Land retaining aud developing the benefits OF
manure as long as any section of the State.
] would a so sell my HOUSE and lot,
/ IN Liberty, about 100 yards from the Court House.
on corner Lot. The Buildings are Dwelling
House, mauly brick, about 60 by 90 feet two sto-
res high, witha blsem ut story, ample cellars a
| wing, &c contains rooms exclusive of basement
story or garrels, and 9 rooms with FIRE paces-a
good brick othce with good rooms with fire places
a kHthen, Smoke house, Ice and Carriage House,
| Corn Cub, Stable, Store House, &c, all in good
order.
The whole will be sold at fair prices, and accom-
nioddting terms. Likely Young Slaves taken in part
II required, and early sales effected
Liberty is the seat Of Justice OF very large pop.
uuuS ana wealthy county, situated on the great
turnpike road from Lynchburg to Salem and White
sulphur Springs. % miles from the former and 20
iIom The latter; has 6ne Female Academy, in
me u'l ude OF successful experiment" under the care
and supetintendence Of the Rev. Nicholas H. Cobbs
An excellent Male School. Of which the Rev. j. C.
Hammer is Prineipal-The Society in town and vi
cniiy IS unsurpassed IN this section of Virginia.
hree brick Churches IN town, and others near ;
large Agricultural Society has been recently estab-
shed there augurns well Ion the agricultural inter
est OF the county.
The above Land may be conveniently divided into
or tracts, II required, 10 SUIT purchasers. Those
desrous TO purchase, IN healthy situation as can
be, are invited to call and see Tor themselves The
"hole would SUIT professional man well. Should
any inquire Why one my age should desire TO sell
'uo 'ease SO desirable an estate and residence | an
s"ef-three OF my children have Several wears siuce1
located, and reside in the FAR Southwest are healthy
ana much pleased :; the entire balance of my family
are very desrons TO join them there-and last houeh
not least / have an abiding conviction that a resi-
uence there would alleviate and much mitigate nv
long continued rhe umatic aflic ions
-, WIN. COOK
Libery, April % # I'm
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1839-05-09

he n. Orleans Louisanian of the 2Oih in.tan I,
states that new operator in Cotton has ap peared
IN that city. The Louisianian SAYS: I'VE a,e in
formed that OF 5000 bales sold on the 18Th he was
The purchaser Of 6000, and that he had previously
purchased still larger quantity. Some say this
gentleman who is remarkable fot his shrewdnes, and
in'einsence. is an agent Of the L. S. Bank-oth-
ers allege thar he is buying for celebrated banking
house IN London, and others that he is trading on
nus own bottom One thing seems sing uar that
"h'ie he Is making large purchases, he IS publish
ing CIRCULARS the object Of which is to raise the price
OF cotton"
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1839-05-09

ADrmonism.--We learn iron, the Boston heee,ue'
thar Mormoui.m has found lis way into achurch IN
Massachusetts and led 10 the exeommunicaton OIL
some Of i,s members. This Circumstance has indu-
ced The publication Of letter by Mrs. Das'son'
woman of nnimpeacable yefaciiy, resident at Mon
son in ta State wing account OF The origin Of inc
Normon Bible. 1t waswrttep by her hrst husband,
the Rev. Solomon Spauiding. formerly fesoeh' "
Cherry Valley in this Suite, and suose qoen'iy VI
New Salem, IN Ohio. sometimes Called Conneau''
from the name Of the creek which IL IS situated
Ills impaired health excluding linn from active IA
bo,s he amused himself by the composition oil
historical romance; being sketch oil the LOST race
who constructed the numerous ancient mounts anu
forts which abound in the Western country anu
some of which ale near the town OF New Saemln ms
induction he initiated The style OF The Old lesta-
| ment This was about the year lol2. Inc wot"
purpor,ed to have been written by one al the iost
| race and to have been dug up from the eath'-
Portions OF the narrative, rs he advanced IN II, ne
was in the habit Of reading his friends in the sh
! bofkood. , .
Pittsburg, Penn, where he became acquainted WIN
Nh Patterson, the editor Of a newspaper, 10 "no'n
| lac loaned the manuscript Tor perusa'. Cohneo'eu
with Mr.. Pattcrson's printing office, was Mf. S'uney
Riadop who has since figured largely IN the histo-
ry of the Mormons as one of their leaders and ioun-
ders and who had ample opportunities 10 become
acquainted with he manuscript and to copy II
Mr. Spauldlng died in 1916, and the manuscript ~
which we refer was preserved by his widow.
When the Books Of Mormon appeared, copy
of was taken to New Salem, where female preach
er undertook TO expound its mysteries. The WORK
was Immediately Identified by some oi the inhao'-
tsn,s. who had heard it read by Mr. Spauiding aud
particularly by his brother, who was still resident at
New Salem.--The circumstance produced so much
excitement that the inhabitants Of the place had NEE
ting. and deputed one Of their number Or. Huront,
TO repair to Monson and obtain the original MS oil
Mr.. Spaulding, for the purpose OF comparing 1t with
the Mormon Bible; to satisfy their own minds, ant
to prevent their friends from embracing tins mon
sllous deusion. This was in the year 1854
] This statement OF Mr.. Dawson accounts most sa
} tlsfactory for the origin of the book, and is of
] character not to be impugned. The narrative from
which we have gathered the above facts, was procur
ed from the writer by the Rev. Mr. Stow, OF Hollis
ton, Mass. who states that he has often hau occa
sion TO come in contact with Mormonisn in its gros
sset forms" The narrative is accompanied with tn
highest testimonial Of The character oil the writer
a and there is question Of its entire correctness
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1839-05-09
CHRISTOPHER IcIVER,
II II X HINT Tail u X

/ ID ESPECTFULLYi informs his friends and tho
IL public generally, that he has removed TO the
tenement emily occupied by Messrs. Hancock &
Austin, situated between the stores of Messrs. Tur-
ner & Burwell and John IT, Hunt. He returr-,his
sincere thanks for the liber encouragement S,a l.
fore received, in his business. and respectfully soil
CHS continuance of it, feeling assured that. from
his experience, prompmude, and determ ination to
have all of his work put up by The fai thu and
skil(uIl workmen, he will not fail TO give satsfac
ton.
He has recently returned from the Northern CT
ties and is now in rcce pit of the largest and most
desirable stock of Materials in his line he has
had the pleasure of offering to the public, comprising
in part as follows
Imperial Saxony, blue. wool and piece dyed.
black, olive, invisible green and rifle do. Cloths,
OF superlorqualily. and variety of grades.
Black, steel-mixd, blue and fancy Doe SkinVic-
toiia ribbed, aud wool and pecedyed, plain and
black Cassimeres, Of the most superior quality
Black silk Velvet, figured and plain English Satin.
printed Cassimeres aud figured Chally VestIngs' a
large stock Of rlch and beautiful styles.
London Weliings, superior white and figured
Marsees do, a large and desirable assortment
SU M Nj L IL w e AR.
Black Bombazine, OF the very finest quality:
PLAIN, twed and Grape faced summer Cloths
Black thibet Cloth of the finest quality.
Beautiful ribbed and plain linen Drllngs.
Fancy Gambroons, and most fashionable ar-
Gle for panlaoops.
Stockingnett, ribbed do do do.
Doe Skin. do do do. &c. &c.
A large assortment of superior Trimmings. =,
Plain and twied pocket Handkerchies, splendid
gum elastic Suspenders, silk nett Shirts and u,
,rs, fashionable Satin Bordered and plain silk om-
,reas.
Gendmens embroidered black satin neck scars
English twilled Cravats, Tenants and Wincnes'e.
attn and bombazne Stocks, rlbband style do Tor FAT
ZEN, black goat skin Gloves, of superior quaity u
zen Collars, and plain and ruf1led linen boso"''
cnllemens silk half Hose, &c. &. &.
Also, supply of superior Needles and J aho's
Ieasures.
Together with many articles not enumerated ar
which will be sold upon the most iavofao''
rms.
April 80 II E"
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1839-05-09
FARMERS 81 ME- RCHANIS'
Savings Institution,
ZH.V'CEEBU R4G.

n,HIS INSTITUTION, HAS NOW BEEN
l. 10 successful operation for SIX years under the
most prosperous circumstances-not dollar having
been lost or debt due the institution, but what has
been promptly paid. The Company continue TO
receive dcposltes, upon the most favorable terms,
that is for any remaining with them under four
months. interest thereon from the date Of dcposite.
at three per cent. per annum-Over -four, and under
six months. four per cent, and six months, five
per cent per annum.
Deposites generally paid upon application, but
the Company reserveto themselves the right Of re-
curing two weeks.
Those wishing to deposte money. will call upon
the Cashier y, his Office, at the sloie Of Turner q
Burweli.
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1839-05-09


GIN. GRATIoT's CAsE.--As the dismlssjon of
Gen Gratiot from the army, and the imputation of
DEFAULT on his part took the public by surprise mach
interest has been manifested in the result of The
sun, brought by the government, to recover the
b,lancc oil money claimed against him The
suit came on Iof trial before the Federal Circuit
Court. tor Missouri, on Wednesday, the 10Th in
siaat. The circumstances OF The case, as we have
learned them from persons no present are as
follows. The Government claimed a balance of
money advanced to the defendant, of about $50 900
The defendant claimed offset, of a larger sum
Tor erd qctdt scrtlces rendered by HIM IN directing
and experimenting public works, of civil nature
mol appropriate TO hs military stalion and in the la
Dor and responsibility OF discussing public money
Wednesday and Thursday were occupied in Civ
ing evidence to the jury, aud in discussing the point
OF law before the Court. On Friday morning the
Court instructed the jury, ponledly against the de
iendanfs clam OF set off, aud that the services rem
dered by him, relation cirl works. were not er
ira aud that, therefore, he was entitled to auy
compensation tor such services. although tn ey oc
casloned, according TO the proofs in the case ihree
tunes the labor OF his military duties proper.
The jury, however decli ed TO obey the instruction,
otlhe Court declaring, las some oil them did IN O peo
courD that they could not conscientious!y give a
verdict against the defendant, as thew Considered
the evidence ample Tor his detence-and having
heard the discussion OF the questions, were salts fed
IN that respect also The jury remained in confns-
men until Tuesday, the 10th instant and then were
dissolved by the adjournment of the Court.
Ii u.s. perhaps. proper TO remark that, as far as we
have understood, there 70 tinctute Of parfv pol
ties in the jury. 1t was composed of gentlemen of
both parties. and OF entire strangers TO Gen. Grao,
There was not one Of the old inhabitants of louisa
ma on the jury and Cen Graiiot, though native
OF this city; has been abseat the public service
for nearly twenty five years. Since the adjournment.
we learn that the jury were dyided-tuo for obey
ing the instructions OF The Court, aud Ten IN favor of
a general ,s,dct for the defendant.
1t may be uGs. iaa', in technical srlctness, the
jury is bound obey the instructions OF the Court in
matters of law yet the conscientious scruples C.,
the jury, in this instance, will go far 10 satisfy the
pubic, that however the account between Gen. Ora
tot and the government may be ultimately settled,
by the courts OF law his claims have been honestly
and fairly made, with the full belief, on his part that
they are Just and right.
We iorbear further comment on this case, as il is
still pending, and We would not willingly publish
any thing that might tend to bias the cause Of public
justice.