Cheraw gazette and Pee Dee farmer. [volume] (Cheraw S.C.) 1838-1839, 1839-08-23

I al the improvements that have been made
The COS, of production is small, and the bee
commands higher price in the market. 10
bringing cattle forward 10 the stale when
they are disposed otto the consumer, farm
ers have adopted two methods; some pre-
fer to breed and feed on the farm, a num-
brr that they can support, and others to buy
yearly number they can afford to feed
The preference given to either of the two
methods would seem to be, or should be,
determined by locality and other circum.
stances, yet caprice and fancy would seem
to do much, for it is hard to conceive how
two farms adjoining each other should be
suitable to different modes, except in the
bare opinion of the farmer, or how :wo
breeds Of animals can be most profitable IA
similar cases, except in opinion only. In
MANY situations the difference to be obser.
yed between breeding and fsedinssisne.s
marked, and il is very fortunate that the di.
verslty of opinion prevails in other places
for it affords ready market for our noun.
tain breeds, which, If the case was other.
wise, might not be so profitable. In
choosing native breed the farmer will be
guided by the quality Of the soil, the food
he can produce, and by other circumstan-
ces, and much will depend on his own
fancy but if he prefer to buy In rather than
breed, il will be found that the Scotch poll.
ed and West Highland breed will pay more
money than any other. A very general
mistake is committed in not allowing them
sufficient time on the land, IN order to feed
mot less than eighteen months should be
allowed, or twelve in cases where they have
been bought in good condition. Green
crops being now known to US, which fduiy
cultivated will afford succulent food during
winter, it il understood that no farmer neg.
lec,s providing a sufficient quantity if he
wishes o rear and feed probably. not only
with regard to the profits of the animal itself,
bu, to the manure IA sed for the future bene.
fit of The farm. But Notwithstanding the
long acknowledged profits Of these crops,
and also OF improved breeds of stock, we
find great neglect prevail on both points {;
for If we look into Smith6eld, or any other
market, we find the improved animals bear
a small proportion to the others farmers
yet persist 10 breeding very unthrifty ami.
mails, and for want green crops they are
bred and starved upon system. In many
cases, however, we find both breeding and
feeding carried on Systematically and profit.
ably, with due attention to the profits expec.
ted from the animal ITSELF rom the atten.
ton and food bestowed, and also to the fu
ture benefits expected from tho system. :.
Cow. shed. should be provided with calf
pens adjoining, under the same roof, where
the calves are confined in separate apart.
ments for one animal, and 6oored with
boards, pierced with augur holes that they
may lay dry and comfortable. From these
apartments they are brought twice or thrice
day 10 be sucked, by halter, and tied
when sucking, to rope extending along the
cow.shed. Sucking is always to be prefer.
red to nursing by the pail when milk is ex.
posed much ofthe value 10 los, 'do gaseous
fluids 20 off by evaporation. and the aP'
pearance Of the calves nursed by the Two
methods is sufficient decision. Sucking
is attended with less trouble, and an ex.
perienced cowman will soon be able to
Judge Of the proper quantity to be allowed
them. From January TO June IS the proper
time for weaniug-early calves maintain
ing decided superiority, unless greater en-
couragement be afterwards AFFORDED 10 the
later ones. In situations where fattening
for veal is found profitable, both weaving
and la.lening 60 on together and even
where cheese and butter are manufactured,
all the three may be easily managed, by al.
lottlng a number of cows for sucking and a
number to be MIXED for the dairy. Calves
fed for veal must not be restricted in the
quantity of milk for weaving. they mus,
be allowed such q quantity as will keep
them always in sleek and thriving condi.
ton. without feeding them, for any fat pro-
duced at that time woald be lost. An or.
binary COW would feed four calves for veal,
or make veal Of TWO, and wean three, much
depending on the milky nature Of the COW,
and on the quality Of the pasture. The va
rious substitutes for milk that have been
puffed abroad among farmers have all
proved an utter fallacy, only supplying the
farmer with few pounds Of butter and
cheese al the expense ofthe animal. They
never fail in producing large belly ane
offai, and infallible mark degeneracJ ant
bad keep, in any animal, and in no case
have we been yet able to improve uPor
what nature has provided t.e mother witt
in nursing her offspring. During that time
the mother should form the chief object o
our atte ntion.
In The month of May, when the weather
has become warm, and the young grass
has sprung, the earliest calves will be turn
ed out into grass paddock Of fine pasture
provided with water and shelter, and con-
ven,ent to the homestead. and where they