Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1839-01-31
From the Correspondence Of the Char. Courier.
.-t - WAsHINGToN Ian. I6.


spoke on the subject OF the Graduation
Bill. His Vows were, as usual, strongly
and truly expressed, and he command
ed much attentions; though to soihe por-
tons OF his remarks murinur of dissent
was audibly heard. He set out with the
position that the present land system, how
ever wise it might have been at its origin,
is unsuited to The present condition of the
new States. lie took a view of their
growth. and the consequences following
their unparalleled prosperity. Three
more new States were about to apply for
admission,' aud the number of their Sena-
tors would then be twenty. four-two fiiths
ofthe whole body. or the members OF
the House OF Representatives, they would
also have twO-fiftts, under the next census.
Their weight in the Electoral College
would also be two fifths. He coutras,ed
this degree of stength with that winch the
new States possessed, wnen he came into
Congress, only twenty seven years ago.
Then they had ond1ihgle Representative,
Jeremiah Morrow, Of Ohio, whose word
was law. in regard to all the questions cou
cerning the public lands.
This extraordinary growth had not been
expected, but would, every year. receive
new impulse. The census Of 1850 would
give the new States the majority Of men-
bers of the House OF Representatives.
The West would then hold the balance Of
power. Would it be practicable asked,
10 maintain the present land system under
such circumstances! lie went onao sbo,
that 1t would lead to every species of cor
rupiion aud contention-especiallt in re-
gard to the Presidential question. Some
OF the candidates would promise. all the
lands 10 the West, and Others would ap-
peal to The rights and interest of the old
STATES. The political interests of the new
States would be brought into deadly con-
fict with those of the old.Slaieskaud the
new States would triumph aud the old
states be oppressed. This was me great
evil TO be guarded against. lie wem ON to
give his remedy tor the evil. viz: sr cesslon
of the lands TO the new States OH fair and
equitable terms. He opposed the present
bill, and gave notice that, at the com
mencenent of the next Session, he should
bring forward, in detail, tho proposition
which he now Indicated.
Mr.. Bayard followed Mr.. Calhoun aud
the bill was ordered 10 be cngrussed-27
TO -.
The House resumed the consideration
oftho resolution appointing Select com
nittee to investigate the recent defalca-
ton IN the port OF New York.
The debate (which ran through the
whole day. was continued by Messrs. Un-
derwood, Toucy, Martin, Blddie, and
Duncan, the last Of whom had mol conclu-
ded, when. at o'clock. he gave way To
motion for adjournment, which prevailed.
So no question was taken.
January. IL.
In the Senate, to-day, Mr.. CLAY, Of
ton bill which was op its passage. lie re-
piled to Mr.. Calhoun's remarks of yester-
day, and contended that ne had eyasgera-
taken the remedy for thom. He went in
to somo views and statements to siew that
the progress of tho present land System
would remove all the evils anticipated
Thus. OHIO, having only seventeen hun
dred acres Of public land in her limits,
would not Tor the purpose OF getting pos
session OF il, surrender her claim to the three
hundred millions Of acres within the new
states and territories, TO say nothing IF the
vast domain beyond the territories, as each
new state filled up and as the public lands
within her limits were transferred to pri-
mon interest with the old states in the per-
servaton Of the public domain. But the
remedy Of the gentleman went beyond the
evil, and would produce the very result
which it was intended TO p,event-i.
contention, corruption, and the final loss to
the old states of the whole domain. To
prevent the new states from seiziug upon
the lands, the gentleman proposes TO give
81.
scribing death as the cure for all diseases.
lie warned the gentleman, that The reia-
tion of debtor and creditor which he propo-
sed to establish between the states and the
general government, was the mostedanger-
ons one thai could possibly exisr-and
would soon end i'll general scene of con-
teution and disunion.
MIR. Calhoun replied in further support
Of his plan. MIR. Benton made some remarks
in opposition to Mr.. Calhoun's MOTION
The debate was continued by Messrs
King, Niles and Buchanan, after which the
bill was passed-ycas ~. nays %.
In the House of Representatives,. The
Committee on Foreign Affairs Through
MIR. Legare) made a report, asking to he
discharged from the further consideration
Of a memorial which had been referred 30
them; in favor of the establishment of a
Congress Of nations for the settlemen, of
national disputes. The Committee. it ap.
pears. had made report on the same sub
ject at the last session Of fCongreSs-which
however there is reason to believe had MOI
reached the petitioners. A motion was
made hy MIR. Adams to reco,nmi, the re-
pori that the Committee on Foreign Affairs
might connect with it various memorials,
which had been referred to Them. for the
mediation of the u. States in the existing
controversy between France and Mexico.
MIR. Legare explained that this part of the