Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1839-05-21
POLITICS.


From Tie Giote.)
FEDERALISM THE NATURAL AUXILIARY OF ABoLt
IT.. .,,;.,s we copy from tbs Baltimore Post and
T,,n.c,;n touches Mr. Adsmss late address, and shows
that he maintains the ceniralizng doctrines OF lne oio
Federal party TO the fullest extent Inc mouVe LOT re-
vvinp these principles this time not TO be conceal
cd Il is expected that the new sect 10 winch MT
Adams il laboring to give oohold in politics. WILL
by the spread Of The fanatcal spirit 10 which owes us
birth in the North be able to give the Federal party the
ascentancy in the ueslaveholdng States, AND mat
the consolidating rncple, by which alone Inc Aooli.
toniss can hope grasp the power TO subVer Southern
institutions will make ndssouble link between ia
paticism and federalism
lei il be rene bered that Mr. Clay, the present can
ddse of the Southern Wings for The Presidency, made
M, Adams President-let it be remembered that after
he became Secretary to Mr. Adams, MIR Clay, 10
speech at Lewsburg Virginia held out the menace that
if the South insisted on the policy 81 ne Government as
recognising the fact IF siarery The basis for all time to
come il would produce union IN that section holding the
ascendancy against The Souh-let 1t be remembered
that Mr. Clay is still The acknowledged hend OF The old
coalition which made Mr.. Adams President and that he
has recently added it under Southern lead
er, and the Democracy, South aud North, will perceive
the ex,en, of the league made 10 establish Fe
deral domination 10 the Government OF The u ).
From the BALTIMORE Post.)
CENTRALlSM OF THE WIG PARTY.
In continuation of this subject, take the annexed
extract for theme of farther remark IL in expo
si,ion Of the view Of The origin of Government as
taken bv ] Adams in his discourse at The late cele
brs,ion Of the adoption Of the Constitution IN New YORK.
and is cut from The Commercial Advertiser OF that city
early in his discourse, the orator showed ina, te
nrinc,pas of our Government were incorporated IN The
Decai alton of Independence but that the articles OF
confederation from circumstances which he explained
SO far from being in harmony with that instrument were
opposition to lis principles and indeed thal hey were
drawn I'D BY member Of The Isl Congress- from Penn
sylvania who himself voted against that immortal De-
claraiion and never signed IT, The principles OF that
frs, instrument, however, were subsequently Iencor
Nh thpr
with the Declaration OF Independence, rests upon The
broad truth, not that are separate and sovereign
States, but osE PEOPLE
aThe lac,ious clamorers for State Rights, and inde-
nendep, State sovereigntes the early history of the
Government were shown up 10 the life These were
the authors Of the articles Of Confederation, which the
orator proved have been founded upon State nsnrpa-
tions and opposed 10 the great principle that all egi-
mate power is derived Immediately from the people
The consequence Of this broad discrepancy between the
principles of the Declaration Of Independence and The
articles of Confederation, was ,he ut'er 'aure OF Inc
latter 10 answer The purposes Of Federal Government,
and within Ave years from the conclusion OF peace,
amid instruction and anarchy the Union found Itself,
as were the last stages of national existence The
aCopon of the Federal Constitution was bitterly and
obstina,ely opposed by the State Rights party, then
called Anti Federaiss but by The efforts of Madison,
Hamilton Jay, and their coaborers IN the cause OF
national union the friends OF order and SOUND govern
meDt achieved triumph There arose then beautiful
assimilation between The Declaration and the Consttu
tion and we became one united lnterest-one whole
people"
which is worthy of note 1t is asserted. FIRST that the
Declaration of independence rests upon the broad basis
that MT sovereign States secondly, that the 7r
ees Of Confederation were IN opposition TO he PFnci
pes of that document and based upon State usur
paons and thirdly that these principles OF national
consolidation incorporated IN The present C0nsaa
ton
Upon what grounds the argument is made, that the
doctrine of consolidation is incorporated in the principles
of the Declaration of ependence, Is difficult 10 under
stand To ordinary apprehension OF TERMS the con
cuson would 10 be directly the reverse ne very
title OF this grea, charter liberty specifically states
il to be declaration by the representatives. OF The
United States and throughout, it carries upon it's face
the impress Of specially upon this very point and IN no
line its language be Justly construed INTO an &C
knowledgn,ent OF any other than federate Union OF
these thirteen States As colonies, they had existed
previous to the great struggle and such distinct com.
munes with separate Legislative, Executive and JUDI.
cial systems, they threw themselves, each Tor Itself
upon their inaenabe right of revolution ". Carolina
had even declared itself independent State long be,
fore the general declaration Of Congress, and Virginia
for ITSELF in the same manner had independently taken
4 similar step.
10 cas-, off their general allegiance 10 Great Britain the
declaration says Such has been the patient suffer-
auce of these Colonies, and such is the necessity
which CONSTANTS them to alter their former systems oil
Government that is, colonies and take upon them.
selves the character Of thirteen independent States
soveieigntes. That this may be 10 be the true
conclusion, examine the instrument little farther
They speak Of The tyranny of The king these Sate
of his endeavorDg prevent the population Of these
States his protection TO the murderers OF the nhabit
ants of the Safcs-o altering The forms of Gorern
sneats and then, in concuson representatives OF the
States they declare that these United Colonies and
of right ought be- free and independent States, and
ebsoved from allegiance to The British Crown; and that
rs free and independent Sotes they have full power 10
do all the acts which independent States may do This
ration of the plural term shows plainly, that
separate Colonies Governments, States they each
sumed separate sovereigntes and that, such, The
special term nation carefully TO be avoided,
there no, single instance Of It's in this sense in
the whole instrument The only ground for the asser
ton of nalonal consolidation that can be derived IRON
Its language il the introduction of the word people
But this evidently adopted in it's social sense and
with direct reference 10 an aggregate national
solicitation. " When in the course Of human events II
becomes necessary for people dissolve the political
bands which have connected them with another" can
have such construction placed upon it will give
any authority in The way proof that the OF
Independence has incorporated in it the principle that
are not sovereign States II such is semnted 10
be drawn from this initial sentence of the Declaration
then The question arises 10 The propety of the use of
the word people in the connection here holds for If
the term be made corelave with "nson then it must
be assumed that before the Declaration was made
the colonies already two nations, for only
the terms Zone people aud another people, be consist
emily Understood. To Of plain sense, this may ap-
pear like verbal rifng, but it is only by such philooe
cal TORTURE that argument adverse 10 the retained
veregnty of the States be drawn from the term in
question The whole tenor and spirit Of the Declaration
seems particularly to refer the action Of thirteen dis
nct colonies who throwing off their dependence up
on the British Crown, and clothing themselves with new
sisysem of Government" indie pc ndent States What
ever action there was in this United States only
that arising from conmon Of grievance and wise