Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1839-08-30

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men could h.ve been surrounded by greater variety
onG ctuy interests teelif g and 'r'n"ns ri'sr'"
hen that he result "f ,heIr ahnrs must meet the 'rp''
h,ton nnd receive the adoption noi "f the naI"rIy
The people nf The Union SIMPLY, hn, nt 'hr "alt,y .
the people Of each al lhe States, aud OF he Sates
selves or that they would he in vain ard perhaps y,
Than IN pa'n. can doubt that the situation % -
ga'es was most embarrassing, the task before Wv - 80
dficn aud The responsibility resting upon '"s"' "'''
,earful' .,oa ,or
SILL there vsrr difficulties TO be sh'm"u"'ea "'o
A., - a..-,, linn any we have named, on'
c,m,ro,,;sss sore 10 be effected against when h'
soundest principles might be strongly orgeo. or nr
not even a prospect OF forming e"'e'unt ..r
would promise etnciehcy ahu ee'u''S' ~ y
The states though equal in political rights and pow
ers were widely unequal IN territory ana p"p"a-
ton and could fail 10 see, what 'ihe aus ." uy
shown that The inc quality Of population musk De con
stantly and rapidly eugnenring Under me COME d3ta
ton We have already seen that me representation a"d
voice OF the States ~ the common g"Vftn"'th. WEIR
eona that the representation was exclusively tha' OF
the Sa,es that The principle If strictly popular repre-
srnation did MT enlsr into that system and mat al
vo,es The Congress Of the confederation we're taken by
States, each State giving single vote The SINAI,
States would naturally be tenacious OF Tins equality OF
and voice in common g"Tsrnmeni to
be formed and the i5ct that They enjoyed these gifa ad
yananes under the confederation. would necessarily
render them unwilling part with that sys'rm Tor any
other which should 10 them The same equal
Is IN these particulars
To organize government without me power 10 exc
cute lis laws and 10 upon 'hr pes"ns and pro-
ppy of the CT for that purpose il ~as apparent %
the prea body Of The convent"n would br io etFmpt
ayain what experience under the cont. dration had
show be entire failure. To organiz- govern
men, with those executive, and the recessa'ily cnnss
aneni judicial powers without Incorporating nlo II The
nrincp,r OF uppuar representation would be- not only
To- abandon tn great republican principle far which The
revnie-oR hsd bee undertaken that must
accompany taxation, and 10 lake from the people Their
h,,tI hp IN
country system of gorernmen mt an'i-rPnbhcan, :"
des2oc, and unjust, as not 10 ensure lis prompt
and indignant rrecun Ivy the people they immediately
representpd 10 render morally certain that It's exist
ence would b. bret and its influence destructive OF al
hope Of future perpetual union vi the STATES
The new government, therefore, mus nave eS'cul'V.
and judicial 20. CO extensive win It's 'gsiat'e' ano
the States and The people aust be hGdcrd to invest II
with ina, portion Of their rrgnty ec-ssary TO cover
the grants A Just system OF popular representation
mus be adopted tat'e rel ubcan principle :" g'Sern
me n, might be preserved AID that the sovereignty i'm
parted might still rest with The people aho De "ieiueu
only by their servants.
Here extreme difficulties On the one hand
il the settled purpose OF great majority Of the con-
yenlion TO cripple the State governments, or merge
them the federal but 10 preserve them IN their iu
force and vgor for oil The purposes OF State admnisia
ton and The principle OF popular must re
so incorporated into the new system as To secure Tins
obi-c, and constitute consolidated government
On The other hand this principle Of popular Iepesrn.
ta,ion could not any way, br adopted without cur
tansn of the privileges enjoyed by The small States,
under The confederation, OF an equality OF ePrt
ton md in all the acts ot the national government
The first Of these difficulties ubvIa'td and the
great and vital object "i preserving the STATE govern
occurred by constituting The national legislature
o two branches, the one 10 be composed "t the murdi
ale representatives Of the people and The other OF
resena,ives Of the States in ,hs sovereign Capacities
as independent governments the election at the repre-
seniares Of thu people OF eech State being placed
tcay within the control Of their State authorizes, and
thaS
respective legislatures. The cther difficulty
promised with The small States by surfendrrng The re
lnor between population and representation as TO tina,
eranc of Congress which is composed Of The repressn
tnlvss Of the States aud hy giving 20 item en- equality
Of representation and voice all the acts OF that branch
Of the national government and III the election I
q President should devove upon the House ns Repre-
senlaves, BY giving all the States equal vote !" tie
election there Ihrs' compromises secured ih" eventual
ons:a OF all the States 10 this important aud dellcate
portion Of the system
We fellow ci,!zsns inhabitants uf the most popu-
lous State in the Uuinn DO we regret that lhp
strength in The national government wes surrendered TO
secure great object: Would We now Consent Ia
bring The lras, possible danger upon this e"rlous sys
TEN pf government by .ort 10 regain what thus
generously yielded: Would cun<en, To ag,,a,-
the subject 10 the serious dseuiei oil The Union, or g"
our sister States interested: a, The time Of the rdop
ton Of the Constitution VI tie United Stale. Yak
among The Gloss 81 The m">i FCpulouS States, hot
ence rf that Constitution IS that she has reached her
present enviable height IN population wealth aud pros
pcriiy, ana certainly shall not he the portion Of
her Population who sill set The example al placing IL
jeopardy an Invaluable good by the uncertain aud un
gracious pursuit OF an advantage unimp"r,ant IN the
comparison. T" propose ame dn.n's 10 The C"nsli'u
ton IN constitutional manner. and urge their adoption
By The fair exercise Of truth and right de-
rived from the instunen, scl; hu, beyond that. the
Compromises through which thai charter al liberties
and rrr@s Obtained should be sacrrdy regarded
tie charter itself
This point IS considered the more minulriy md dwell
npon with the emphasis, because, Il The impr hc
TONS and tptrcls federal system IL be
dsred ard corrected 10y voluntary aud popular agitation,
the grievances q people ard State would 10
most strangely here Here the universally admitted
Republican principle Of the relann between p"pu.
laon, representation and IaXn"n, is yielded TO our d.
tri'nent, but yielded 10 that spirit Of nrhearanc com
promise and concession, of which alone Federal
could have been furrn~d ~ then for thus great
nh}aci, owr people yet remain content set remain VII
ling 10 continue the surrender ut these great and theo
recaly just rights. for the fnirl and preservation OF
the Union, il is confidently ,lieped that they v i'll
be the instruments Of its dlsqnpt, or dissolution. upon
points, where neither their political rights, their
local Interests are involved
(Rcmaiadtr in ncJt
sas.A1<zoaz~es.z<D@nsS
TREASURY NOTES AND THE TREASURY DEPARTMENT
IL is amusing 10 see the tfnris OF The Opposition
press assign bn the true overading over
banking, aud overtorrowng by the States for the
city of money on the seahosrd The Express CORES