Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1839-12-03

curing III the sentiment that it is highly Objectionable
$ grounds ofcxpcdency and power II raise m"n2y IL
taxation, dir'ct i@dicct merely or The purpose
Il ds;r nung again am"n@ The States: vet, wi!"ncvC
the proceeds Of tie sales of tie public lands not
needed for The proper and necessary expenses If thr
General Government cannot Sc bow they can be -
well applied to the Col.nGa hcncht o; Al! the States,
y Gs!it utnr thcfa among tho STATES Just and
equitable proportion and before making such ds,ri-
button, think Justice demands, that compensation be
rendered the Old States for the liberal grants TO the
States III which tie lands situated, and sufficient
portion q" In" lands their proceeds, be fairly and l!r
applied to the xlnnuishmcnt of the unsatis!ied claims
Of the soldiers Ct the RrvoGton b. whose patriotic toll
ana hardy valnr the conquest Of LARGE portion "i them
WAS achieved
came, persuade ysclf That The proposition TO
fine The sales to actual settlers, anu especially II the
present is 10 h" made the iaGE5aa r!!cc Tor
the public nnGs can he regarded consistent with
sound policy Or cnis;uan VIII! IL rights Of the parties
IL ii,r contract by which ihr Disposition ot tins pfcrcr
u entrusted 10 The Congress Of the L. '-tatcS
Such system would, respectfully submit, lr pro-
dtctivc Of @C,t 10 cuntrrhalancc III" *'r!GU* MIS-
chiefs it would tend - produce IL might occasion an
unnatural and artificial stimulus t" emigration, and thus
draw of from the atlantic Ia the Western STATES,
large norton Of that liardy ''yc0manr", who
f much the pride and reliance Of the country here,
they would be there. II might mcrcas" with even
greater rapdItr than has yet keen seen, the population
of the ncw Il: The cXrcna Ui that ci the old States
Ii ni. dcprccatc tho valuc oi our lands in the South
crn States and diminish the amount of our products.
II might, y dimnrs:it.: the supply of labor, increase
lis ware; .,.r ,igh that the Northern
manufacturer would GnirsS protected by High Ia
iii, abandon his pursuit, and then, far, la3on:
would r,.i wares because II could mct employ
mcnt. III, system, i"r d.SpoSng Of the public
lands, nii: produce effect, such thcS'; and would
think car;aly, tend !" proiucc irrr hui surely they
are results such Statesman, PhilaalhropS or
Republican c"irln La" as desirable, and slch a. he
ought to hr willing 10 and III accomplishing.
The common rlt pf all The States 10 the benefit Of
The public lands iiint winch is the common proper
Is III tl whole, surely not h respected, BY srlin::
their property al an Inadequate price, and II *
mol possible, without solcciSn, 10 pretend that par
tia, unequal and us disposition o them Is avoided,
by Sclln. them at such inadequate price, and at the
sam" time excluding the citizens Of nj least two-hrdS
of all the States altogether, from the opportunity {"
purchasing them.
| 1t is wholly in conflict with my notions OF national
policy Justice, and right, inr Congress- 70 dispose ."
these lands hy amy Sy>i,h 81 laws "ci Will" ii"y
sacrifice the property III price much below ITS vauc
enhance the growth and prosperity oi on" portion Of
the States, the expense and IL the manifest mary o
the rest cannot but regard such system, Is beng
III violation of the sacred rus, under winch TINS proper
ty was conided Ia Congress- and no better warranted
4 by the spirit Of the acts of ccssom and the &c
MUS of concdcracy, than ii would be for Congress
10 "ccdc the lands 10 the States III which they are 81
tuatcd and at and absolutely to rrcogliz" their
exclusive right to the property and dominion ol the
public domain.
II
have occurred my mind, i'll reference 10 the opinions
declared Iy the Legislature ol Maine. submit them
20 b. judged aud disposed of rs you may Gcrm most
lit amd proper.
+ Avac>nc, l,as occurred in the command Of the
cond dy Of tn" NIL tin By the resignation 81 MAJOR
General v um Madison. which | communicate I,i"r
dor Tia, il may b. Ird-it becomes my painful duty
also 10 inform you "l the death OF William Daniel, a
Judge Of the General Court, elected and assigned 10 the
eighth Circuit and fourth District ni the Superior Courts
i,.' nd In H. Commonwealth
has lost able and faithful public officer, and society
one If ltS most valuable ciahcrS
i transmit communication from the Adu;an;-Gcnc
rail- accompanied by Of the militia for the year
ln-and also lay before YOU the report Of the visitors
of "tlc Virginia MiarT Institute, lately organized
al the Arsenal, Tie town If Lexington, IN Rock
bridge county, under act Of the last session OF the
/ General Assembly. You will be- gr&i"d to learn,
ynu will do from the report, that this school has com
rnccd, under the mos: favorable auspices Ia lis u
turc usefulness and that nothing is wanting 10 carry
OF, the cnli g,ncd views Of the Legislature Du, small
i additional appropriation.
/ transmitted to The General Assembly al lis asi
sion the proceedings o the Legislature of Georgia, in
relation unsuccessful demand by the Executive OF
that State upon the Governor of the State Of Name
for The surrender of certain persons charged with the
crime OF secretly and rlonnusly carrying away slave
from the STATE of Georgia.
uniformed Of the particular grounds on which the
demand d.srcgardcd by the Executive OF Maine,
supposed that the authority Of the state OF Georgia i"
make such demand the mort Ind,Sputabc va
iiv. thought also that III" obligation Of compliance
+ when I'll ic preliminary forms observed, was pac
cd bcvcnd controversy by the Constitution OF IL" nj
ted States. vcnturcd 10 Indu" and express The hop"
and belief that upon these general propositions there
could n, bc any division OF opinion any where in the
Union resting, as supposed they did, upon the plain
terms and undcnlahle intent Of the Constitution
regret have Ia Communicate To you that III these
confident expectations find myself undcccivcd IN a
mode ard from quarter, which dspelS my confident
belief that the Interpretation "i the Constitutions deem
cd by me manifest, would be acquesccd IN and makes
necessary for to enquire whether any, ana what
means must rcs"; TO- for tie purpose OF securing
the enjoyment Of those rights, and that SAFETY, wch
the Constitution supposed 10 furnish. During my
absence from the seat OF government ~ IN" summer,
demand mad" upon the Governor OF New ork hg
the Lieutenant Governor Of tins Commonwealth, iur
the surrender 81 three persons, charged by affidavit
with having nlonious!, stolen and carried away from
the State al Virginia negro slave, the property OF
citizen Of the borough Of Norfolk, in this State
These men (bcnr found in the harh0r Of New York,
with the nc.ro alleged to have been stolen, concealed
in the hold of the vessel in which he carried away
from the port Of Nprolk,) arrested for the pur-
pose Of awaiting the demand Of the Executive OF this
State for their surrender in tn" mode prescribed by the
. act Of Congress The demand made and the Go
vernon Of New York, waivng technical objections
If form which 81" have been caSii. obvIacd, refused
10 comply with the demand Of the Executive Of this
State upon liz, broad and iisgni'rd denial Of his OBJ
legation, 10 deliver up any person charged with felony
e or crime IL stealing slave.
send herewith !c ~pomdcnc" hriw""nth" Exc
f. cutivc Of this State and that ." New I"rk upon the
t subject.
e - remove al possible doubt 81 ia" principles on
r VIII ciI tI. Governor Of New orE has refused 10 per
form what regard, Nth all proper respect !or HI" np'al-
II< as plain and manifest constitutional duty viii
quote troin his letters to the l"ntcn"n Governor so
. much as is necessary 10 exhibit his conclusions.
He says 'admt;ing the affidavit To hc sufficient III
t rim and substance, 10 ciiarg" Tie defendants with the
r. crime Of stealing negro slave from his master in the
State of Virginia defined hy the laws of that State,
vet in my opinion the Offence Is moi within The meaning
OF the Constitution Of the United States.
The Executive al New York then admits that the
words employed in the Constitution ''trcason, felony,
il or other crime, very comprehensive -that citi-
zcns Of the STATE winch the rcqu:siton Is made, are
liable 10 b. surrendered well citizens CT III" Stat,
making HE d"mamd-iiat the Executive upon whom
In, l,rnl Ia rntI