The Madisonian. [volume] (Washington City [i.e. Washington, D.C.]) 1837-1845, 1839-09-18

machine shops, a large cotton factory, &c. There
are also furnaces, iron foundries, brick kins, and
preparations for smelling copper.
Chevallie's great Hour mill, which sends ort the
celebrated "GalIigoH brand, Is worth visit Il Is "a
tremendous brick bailding, which cost si4000O.--
II employs "a run Of stone Wheat Is pouring In
from the upper country SIDE and the barrelled
-four Is passing rapidly of on the other. Itisthrown
into hopper-then taken 10 the top Of the building
and cleaned--ihen II goes down and Is ground--ihe
four and tbe bran separale-the former is taken
again by elevators 10 the upper part Of the
building and cooled, and Is at last poured down into
an area, al BY snaeAins'y, where Il Is immediately
shoyeled into barrels packed, weighed, headed up,
branded and rolled of. In this way they can make
500 barrels day, worth $6 80 per barrel This
-four is all exported and has the reputation Of being
the best -four that is made. There are two other
large -four mills In Richmond Mr.. Haxalls having
I6 run Of stone. Richmond is OF The greatest Of
our -four mars-near 100000 barrels and half bar
rels had been inspected the yea, ending June 30.
The Tredegar Iron Company Is another large es-
Enlistment, where iron Is smeed, rolled, cast and
worked also into machinery. The history Of biz
Of iron, from the mother ore, TO the shah Of steam
engine, is an interesting one. The capital employed
BY this company is Ss79. 600 900 tons OF iron are
rolled in week-hands working six hours day,
There are number OF Tobacco faciofies-,he
most extensive we believe in the world Is that Of
Mr.. s. 8 Myers Of Richmond. He uses up 400
hogsheads OF tobacco in a year, employing in the
process over 100 sprncpally negro boys Ons OF
this number Of hogsheads there are manufactured
about IA 900, boxes, worth 800 TO $40 per box. Total
value, as will be perceived, nearly million OF dol
lars. The process Of manufacturing tobacco is very
simple It comes from the country, the second year
AFTER growth, packed in large hogsheads, the pro-
duction Of each hill being twisted at one end so as
to form what is called hand. These "hands" are
opened, and the leaves spread out-ihen the stems
torn from the entire length ofthe eafthen It's
rolled BY the hand or twisted like ropes by little
wheelthen these rolls, or yarns are twisted again
intoa mass, shaped according TO fancy or packing
then these masses are fatlened under screw
pressure--ihen they are packed in boxes-the boxes
placed In solid cases and put under the most ire
mendons pressure which can be applied by ascrew.
The boxes are nailed up, and those containing the
poorest tobacco are placed in an apartment heated
by fire, and soeated. The first quality undergoes no
sweating process, except such as may be stimulated
by the heat Of the sun upon the attic where the
boxes are stored There is no exiraneous substance
moisture is difused by pressure. The different
qualities Of tobacco arise in the field, and are not
owing 10 any process Of manufacture. The terms
"pig-tail," "cavendish," &c. apply principally TO
the form in which the weed is sent into market
The stems which are from the precious leaf are
by no means sacriiced-they are manufactured into
snuff.
Virginia will have raised more tobacco this year
than any State in the Union and II is Of great value.
The crop Of 1888 amounted only to $4,000 hogs
heads--ths year II is estimated at As 900 hogsheads
The entire tobacco crop of Virginia Kentucky,
Maryland and Ohio, for this year Is estimated at
ll5,O0O hogsheads. Last year it was only 72,OOO.
Bitumnous coal occurs at intervals over a section
Of IS miles, from South Anna river near its mouth,
TO the Appomatox. In some places the coal seam
is found 40 feet thick. II is found in abundance
within Is miles of Richmond in Henrico, in Ches-
terfeld, 10 Goochland In Powhaian--on James river
and on the Tuckahoe Al Midlothian pit, in Ches-
terrified county, shan has been sunk TO feet below
the surface, and seam Of fine coal has been pene-
trated III Ieet.
Iron Is found in abundance in various parts OF the
State. There are screen mines Of in Spottsylyania
near the junction Of the Rappahannock and the
Rapidan rivers.
OF the gotd Mines generally less valuable than
iron learned but little. except that, there -
gold mines in Goochland county--I5 in Orange-ll
in Culpepper--26 in Spottsylvania--lO in Stafford,
and in Fauquier Total gold mines, eighty,
There are also .fpe copper mines in Fauquier
county The mineral resources Of Virginia are
truly most extensive and valuable.
The EDToR.