Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1839-01-29
avs cnty-isth CoGsrcss---Sd scss.
IN SENATE-JAS 4 1889
the GRADUATION BILL.

TIE GRADUATION BILL
SPEECH OF MIR MISUNDERSTANDING
Sir SAID Mr. BESroS, pursue this bill OF May, 1861
one pursue it into the fourth seciion ana
Sc. that nothing but WAR with FOREIGN row
Err could have arrested the distribution OF the S''Uoo
OUO aud gwen the Treasury right TO retain The S2t
S7779 received from the public lands IN 1876, and The
S6776236 received from them in 1887 by the terms
OF the ACT the distribution was to 60 on without iegaH
{, any thing but tOreig 'cdr, and the 52UUUuoO re-
ceived from the lands 50 and 81 were TO belong 10 IN
States and to be paid to them without the least regaf'
to condition OF the public Treasury III was sPe
cc appropriation Of the proceeds OF the lands, and as
such would have haen paid over TO the states on I'M
DAYS named in The act The ''Shut,iRg up OF The ITea
sury would have made difference The soppage oil th
banks would have made no difference; there was no IT,
reign warthe appropriation was specific and absolute
and the delivery OF The money TO The States woni'
have been compulsory and inevitable. What then =
Way that notwithstanding the retroactive disbursement
from the Treasury o: the before received revenues iron
the lands of 1888 81 and o-notwIlhstundlng the al
temp, disAurse these old expended revenues migi
have bankrupted the deposte banks-yet, the currer
receipts trou The lands for 81 and 81 would have breI
turned TO the States as they came IN. Inc 50,
QUO 0n0 (neariy) Ct sc would have gone TO the States,
the 81 600 eco (neary) OF 81 would have gone 10 't
also aud thus, with the banks all slopped-wI:h II"
Treasury shut up-wh Congress called Together TO pro-
vide the ways aud means Of keeping the Governmrnii N
Ino,ion-wIth the duties from customs sinking down L"
nothing rchans duty bonds postponed-baanc"s
from banks delayed for many months; with all thus w
should have been paying out tn the States the 81
Of hard money received from the lands in 1857. nnd
which 81 Goa 600 IN specie was The sheet anchor OF "
Government in that disastrous year, and the only 'g
which saved It from the degradation and ruin U! us!rE
deprecated paper money aud shinp!asters!
Mr. President, we hear much OF the incapaci'y. liz
ignorance the ncompetcncy and the reckessnssso '
Jack administrator; hear much ut all tins loA'
the Opposition, without their hsng able TO specify m:a
sure 10 which these eplihes will apply but here is
act of The Opposition itself which places the leaders III
position choose between confession OF absolute ~
capacity manage The public affairs, or Of deliberate
design 10 bankrupt The Treasury and the banks
No, Mr.. President, the Jackson administration WIS
not ignorant not reckless, was mol incompetent; an"
hu such epItels at the, Administration, to hurt
them 4, the people, by whom that Administration WIS
created, and has been sustained. To attack that Adm
nis,fa,ion approved ns was in the triumphant second
election of Gra Jackson ana IN the triumphant election
OF his successor, to attack the capacity OF the peoP'
for se.gUvetnmen Ii is 10 attack the elective primer
pie OF our Constitution and to say that that prncip"
ought to be abolished, and an hereditary ruler given as
guardian to those Who so incompetent TO choUs'
their own Chief Magistrate.
No, Sir! Grea, are the services which Cen Jatk
son has rendered to his cuunty-grea in the hcd-srl
greater in the cabinet His civil administration was
continued series Of patriotic cSertlons the enIonaon
no less Of heroic soul, hun Of sagacious head, o"c
q patriot heart None but hero could have acted iic
part in civil affairs, " hch he did Above all men :" u"
have lived in our evenitul times, single individual.
perhaps alone excepted, he will be stamped the h"n
statesman OF the uge have heretofore endeavorcd t.
do some Justice TO his various, uanscendant, and we
torous policy. | have endeavoTed to present so'n'
views Of his numerous, brilliant, and successful am
Horations at home, and negotiations abroad liav'
endeavored TO present him as posteny viii view h'"'
covered illustrated, irradated with every spec'rs
glory, and anpve ali with the glory Ut usefulness
with the glory of having improved the condition, b'
tered the circumstances, advanced the fortune, anr
personally benetld every industrious inhaDhnt whic
the country contains | have endearored 10 q" this :
and appeal to the present unparalleled, unrvaIed, ur
edept cd MI
ung prosperity VI the country Tor the truth and hGr!
of The pictures which have endcavorcd To draw. II
my to repeat the presen, occasion, wha'
have heretofore delivered on this subject; but Their
is one point which, though heretofore mentioned, Ina
never been presented with the tulness Individuality
and development which its importance and magnu''
deserves aIude to our cotton production, and his IT.
huence upon the wealth and industry OF every Porii"
OF this extended Union. and the part which Gen Jack
son has acted in bringing that production to what 1t nv
is, and 10 what II most be. What was the extent .
our cotton growing territory before the victorious arn
of General Jackson acquired for us the vast region
the South and Southwest? II was part OF South al
lima part Of Georgia, some slips in North Carolina
Tennessee, Mississippi, and Louisiana WHAT'S it now
|, is all Florida all Georgia oil Alabana all Mississippi
all Louisiana, all Arkansas, South Carolina, par.
North Carolina 'hId Of Tennessee, and clip in MIS-
souri, In territorial extent cottongrowng region
has been increased more than ten fold by the vicinon
arms of General Jackson over the Southern Indians
and BY his still more victorious policy over The Polra
ole IL was to retain them in the Southern SGtes In d
ininsh their political importance, and to cripple 'i
advance VIVA, was the value Of our cotton export hf
fore these grea, operations Of General Jackson began
II was fourteen millions Of dollars. What is it n"w
II is eighty millions And what is its capacity oi aug
mcntation: Almost limtless and boundless, or onl!
limited by the wants OF Europe, Asia, Africa and ID
two Americas; for TO all these countries, even 10 thu
Gauges and tn Black Sea, to the Cape Of Good Hop
and 10 Terra del Fueg" do American cottons
20 And What is the influence Of this vast production
80 amazingly augmented under the victorious arms,
end still more victorious policy, of ONE MAN-what
is It's influence upon the industry, the pursuits and ,h
wealth Of every part Of this extended Conederacy?
To answer this question, let the mind eye figure
self map of this Union, and then contemplate every
species Of industry which is carried upon the
diversified domain which 1t represents Let him look
at shipping interest from the chesapeake 10 Passa
naquoddy Bay, all finding lis greatest and richest EN-
poy uent in carrying our cotton abroad, aud bringing
back the productions Of many nations received in
change for il Let him most opuent merchants,
throughout the whole extent of coast, from New
Orleans 10 New York, all boomns their largest ope
rs,ions upon the cotton of the South Look TO the
Industry Of the whole North east Of which
Massachusetts may be taken as an example, AMI as
the highest PATTERN manufactures OF leather, cotton,
WOOL IRON brass iin wood, glass; stone SC the grand
~oreoale of which in all The Northeast may be Judged
81 from the annual product of near ninety millions Of
dollars for Massachusetts, alone, and goody proper
ion of the whole of which finds its market in the same
,o,on.crowinq region Crossing the Allegheny noun.
.;,s and descending upon the Western waters, see
ysjva millions of manufactured articles The product
e tbsndusty Of three or four miles square at the con-