The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1838-01-23

nholition of Slavery in the District is endangefns
Ibo rights and security of the People OF the Dlsrc
nny net or measure OF Congress deslgheu 70 nD S
Slavery in this District would nc Virainio
fifth implied in the cessions by the suites " - eia
and MARYLAND, n Just cause OF alarm 10 uo "a
Of tho slave holding States, and nave ur'u iho
inevitable tendency to disturb anu
0" The vote on the final adoption Of Mr. Clay sub
qtitutc was follows; 1890, Ro,,or RIock
p... pnci"non, Calhoun, Clay, Of Ala Clay OF
Kv CLAYTON Crittcnden, CuthbeI', Iuiton, NrHnny'
itiyIbnrd. King, Lumpkin, Lyon; Nicholas Nlles'
Norycu Pierce Preston, Rivcs, Koahe; itoDinSon'
$50 S,,ith Of Connecticut, Strange, lallmadSe,
Tpton, Walltcr, White, Williams, wright A0uhg'
%hveAjessrs. Davis, Knight, Mexican, Morris,
prcntiss Rugg!os Smith ofIud., Swift, Nebstcr-9'
Mr. Clay has lrumphed over Mr. Calhoun IN INC
odooion of Resolution MS substitute Tor me hl'ni
introduced bv the South Carolina Senator, ana
which was before the Senate three or four hours
Yesterday before adjournment. The triumph was
most competo.-the Senate leaving Mr. Calhoun
almost SOLITARY and alone IN HelehGls ,,s aan
donrd him. and all the Senators, with hero ana
there solitary exception, from the iroe S"'eS' ho
discussion continued until late hour, and gave rise
TO an expression OF opinion on the part ol tiico "
tho most distinguished men in the SENATE IhampeT,
ms TO the abolition Of Slavery IN the District OF 90
lumbia. ! ullude to Mcssrs WC6SteT, CtGy, ana GH'-
ham, each of whom has served almost, II MOI alto
oeiher without interruptions the country, either III
The head Of affairs in one of the council chan'
bers Of te nation, for between twenty ana thFy
years. :: H.;
Mr. Webster, during tho discussion, gave in his
opinion that Congress had power to abolish slavery
in the District Of Columbia, That power, he saIa
was granted in the most express, explicit ana u
doubled lern's. 1t declared that Congress should
have "enciusUe Jurisdiction 0Cer al SUBJECTS 7ca"
s0crer In tie District Qf CoiHnbi0" Mr. Webster
said that he had searched and listened for some ar
argument or some law to Controver this po5itIoh-
lie had read and studied carefully the act OF cessioh
Of the miles square from Mary land ana Virginia.
and lie could find nothing there and no where GIso'
TO gainsay tho plain and express letter OF the C"h'
Mr. Clay argued that Congress could not fairly
abolish slavery in the Dlsric: oil Coinmtia. vi
the mower Of Congress abolish it, did not under
stand him TO give an opinion. lilo gave IN his opn-
ion, however, that Congress ought not TO a00Iish
Slavery here, because 10 DO SO would DO VloIa',on
of faith on the part Of tho General Government, be-
tween MARYLAND and Virginia and the General GOV
ornmcnt. The "Ten Miles Square" he argued,
would never have been ceded to the United states
had the exercise Of such power been contemplated
by the two States He thought also, that Congress
ought not, and in justice, could not, abolish slavery
in tho District, so long Maryland and Virginia
held Slaves. 4 flee territory surrounded ny slave
stoios would be dangerous if not impossible. These
opinions were embodied in the Resolution Of Mr.
Clay, which adopted as substitute TO the h''H
resolution of Mr. Calhoun. .
MIR Calhoun as usual, was, as the paddy says, for
forcjng men to voluneer, for carrying his reso-
lutions Vi 0rnis, by hook or by crook, some now
Or other He Of opinion that no man or BODY
of men had right to petition for the abolition OF
Sl,vory in the District Of CoIumbia-that Congress
had no business open its mouth upon the question,
that "exclusive Jurisdiction in the words OF the
Constitution meant nothiug,-that ali petitions pray
ing for the abolition of Slavery in The District OF
Columbia ought to be rejected and that the old
Republican Party of 90 the State Rights Party,
and that the State Rights Party were N uhers, and
that he himself had regularly descended from lhat
party down to the present day, without abandoning
one lot or title of principle any thing else Thus
Mr. Calhoun has embodied his resolutions, and these
his opinions.
The House Of Reps. have been busiIy engaged as
well as the Senate.
MIR Wises important resolution passed week or
two SINCE in regard the oXpediency of deprvIng
the President of the United States of the power OF
appointing members of Congress TO office While
members of Congress or for two years thereafter,
came I'D for consideration. The House, for Won
der, seemed not to be in tho speaking mood and
the resolution adopted without opposition and
sent to IL Select Committee of nine members.
A long and spicy debate followed upon rcsolu-
ton introduced by MI Adams, calling for lntoTna u
ton in regard to some letters papers from the
Mexican minister, Gorosza, said TO he in the hands
OF the General Government MIR Adams made his
resolution the ground work Of bold attack upon
the administration for not preserving its neutral re-
lations with Mexico The EX-Presdont called his
illusrious EX President successor any thing but an
honest or brave in his dealings with Mexico
Mr. Menitee of Ky, was even yet more severe ana
inmated in strong terms, that the Hero OF New
Orleans acted a cowardly part in his dealings with
Mexico.
Correspondence of tho Boston Atlas
WAsHINGToN, JAN ~.
After the morning business in the Senate, Cal
houn's sixth and last slavery resolution came up for
consideration.
This is the resolution which insists upon the duty
of Congress obtain Texas by way of supporting
and STRENGTHENING the q domestic institution OF
slavery.
Calhoun placed the defence Of the resolution upon