Richmond Indiana palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1837-1839, 1838-10-20
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neutrality-suspicious.
roK THE ssPALLADJUM.'

4.ra4r.-Having given bret ske.ch d
s.s,,;ct of country included within )
s.,,.,ndaries. the two mountain ranges
I will now confine my obser- 2
-. .,,,;oo Of tho vast field, on which I
: few has.y remarks, which IS I
.-.,ers Of the Ohio River, as it ,
r..,;ct of country not only more dense |
- s,t Is one Of which the present gen.
-. particularly interested, and one
l,...;eai features are betterknown. TINS
Iss.ls, region, embraces about 20O,oOO
-. q area, equal to l26 millions Of a !,
-..sest length is from the NOrth-E Isl
~. Allegheny River to the head OF
49, branch Of Tennessee river, 100
V1.atest breadth, from the sources OF
y ~ m those of the Wabash River, 500
ses-.:st Of climate, it extends, from north
~ = AZ deg 80 minutes. or through |
lie degrees Of lat, affDrding IA very |
"a. GGerence Of seasons and tempera- !
-. q. ooinion Of many Of the learned,
s..,oved much reflection upon the sub !
~. Ohio region once formed an immense
80. and the bed of all the Rivers have
Ihvthe abrasion Of water. This tbeo-
.atcd by Mr.. Bourne, the author OF large
~ State Of Ohio. The following are his
- the subject: "'The hills are gener-
~ resr the rivers or large creeks, and par
hen on each side; having between them
a.Ssj valley, through which the streams
=. usually near the middle; but sometimes
-. foot OF either hill alternately. Per
't.st idea of the Topography of this state
lined by conceiving the country to be
- Jcyatcd plain, near the centre OF which
,;se. and in their course wearing down
!. .,,lcy. whose depth is in proportion to
s q. ar tho density of tho earth over which
- a. that the hills, with some few cxccP-
ao,h;ng more or less than cliffs or banks
- The action of the streams; and although
IN or b,nks on the rivers AMI large
4 ,coroach the size Of mountains, yet their
= generally level, being the remains of the
= plains
I,cnp tho whole Ohio valley in one pros
i Is found div ided into two very unequal
q =. he that River. leaving 1907 square
llS-b,ke south east, and 10000 on the north
~ The Ohio forming common recIpien!
III 4. nier of the minor streams of both slopes
1L..n,,cry deep ravinc, its entire length by
!. ,...asfs is by actual admeasurenent Qe
- npecuiiar features of this river, and
%;eu,frs banks, have led to most of the gross
ruulata,ions respecting the valley in gen
g jie low water surface Of the Monongahela
|fIssnsyil!e has been found to amount to SGT
y atoye high tide in the Chesapeake Bay. Els
bstae the fall in the Monongahela to be Il
fm The Borough of Brownsville to the city
tRlsburg, would produce $50 feet as the eleva
: II the latter place above the Atlantic ocean
kspcx OF the hills in the vicinity of Pittsbure
: $50 feet above the low water level OF the
Allegheny, and Ohio rivers By
Iss elements we have 46O added to $50, o
10 feet as the extreme elevation OF the hill
" Pitisburg abov the Atlantic tides. We may
ncfore, If the correctness of our previous thee
ID admitted, suppose that the latter elevate"
: that or this part Of the original plane tro
Irh the valley has been formed. This elev
ey identity JooliaoJ tow. -sls tn" now mouth {
.Nhio. leaving a descent for tho waters. Th
a.sau Of the present surface of the countr
Izrto the great central junction Of the Mis-
- Nth its continents, is not determined wit
|knae precision with that of Pittshurg: bu
III e length of the Mississippi below the mou'
kts Ohio near approximation may be obtaine
n the mouth of the Ohio to that of the Mlssi
y tie distance is about 100 miles, which,
e and a half inches to the mile, yields %.
ms OF 800 feet, us the entire depression OF Il
ksssiPpi river, from, the mouth OF the ONO
y Gulf Of Mexico.
The fall in the Ohio river exceeds that OF u
e.issippi, aud has been estimated at about II
pes to the mile, consequently, II we mulflp
: niles, the entire length OF the ONO by .,
20 inches, or 395 feet as the amount OF dcsce
| hat stream; and adding 395 to 32o, we n
|5ect as the declivity of the waters torn I
nalencc of the Monongahela and Aiicghe
ss at the city Of Pittsburg, TO the Cult
|tro.
W my. from the data given, consider the V
Of the Ohio composed of an Inclined pia'
slaered by the deep channels at the rive
Ms and extensive flats, the whole resting up
base Of secondary formation
10 many parts of this interesting region, as
y State Of Kentucky, the beds of the rivers
ut chasms, rather than valleys, in the true ;
sp,aton Of the latter term. The two opposl
lapes exhibit some very curious contrasts. II
sasiderabAy most extensive, the South Easfs
acpe has very little remains of tho ancient plan
Ne North Western slope, on the contrary, CT
Iary, contains immense remains of the form
'iane. The rivers which enter the main reel
nt from the former, rising in or near the Nor
Western ridge of the Appalachian mountains. 4
secP'tous from their sources, flowing, as alrea
assfved, ia very deep channels: whilst the
ueams which enter from the Northwestern sloI
= out ct level continuous plane, in many p
! norass'-as in part Of the States of Ohio a
.aana. The latter, rivers are sluggish towa'
= sources. gaining velocity in their advan
sssfds the Ohio river
ne secondary rivers ofthe Southeastern sla
n The Monongahela, Little Kenhawa, Cir
Java Sandy ,cE,ou Keptuckx Gre,
aaerland, and Tennessee Those flowing fir
southwestern slope, are the Allegheny. B
: auskingum, Hockhocking. Scio,o. Mia'
Habash; Of these streams, the Ale ghenv
MPennsylvania, flows into New York. Al