Morning herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1837-1840, 1838-09-18

EeLIPsx.-On cur outside will be found null ac'
count Of the Eclipse which takes place tn" after.
noon. II will only be seen in Amenca and small
part Of Asia. We will now endeavor to explain what
an eclipse is: 1t is an occultatlen OF part OF
the face of the SUM- occasioned by an lntcposluon OF
the moon between the earth and the sun thus all
eclpses of the sun happen at the time of the new
moon. The dark or central part of the new moon s
shadow where the suns rays are wholly intercepted,
is called the umbra and The light part where only
part of them intercepted, is called penumbra
and II IS evident that if spectator be situated that
part OF the earth where the umbra falls there will be
total eclipse of the sun at that places in the penum
bra, there will be partial eclipse, and beyond the
penumbra, there will be no eclipse As the earth is
not always at the same distance from the moon, if
an eclipse should happen when the earth is far
from the moon that the rays Of light proceeding from
the upper and lower limbs of the sun cross each 9TH
er before they GENE TO the earth, spectator situated
on the earth, IN direct line between the centres of
the earth, sun and moon, would see a ring of light
round the dark body Of the moon such an eclipse
| is called danutdr When this happens there can be
10 total eclipse any where because the moons umbra
does not reach the earth. People situated in the pc
numbra VII perceive partial eclipse and an eclipse
can never be annular longer than IL minutes "a Sec
onss nor total longer than I minutes so seconds;
nor can the duration of an eclipse of the sun ever
| exceed 2 hours.
The sun being larger than the EARTH the earths
shadow is cone whose base is the surface Of the
earth, and the moon is eclipsed by section of the
earhs shadow. II the earth larger than, or
equal to, the Gun, its shadow would either perpetualy
enlarge, or be always Of the same dimension; but in
this case the superior planets would sometimes come
within IL and be eclipsed, which never happens
Therefore, the sun is larger than the earth, and pro-
duces shadow from the earth of concal form,
which does not extend to the orbit of Mars An
eclipse Of the sun begins on the western side Of his
Disc and ends on the eastern. The average number
OF ecpses IN year IS four, two 0fthc sun and two of
the moon and as the sun and moon as long be-
low the horizon of any particular place as they
above it, the average number OF risible ecllpsss in
year Is two one of the sun and enc of the moon.
THE WAGES OF TREAsoN.-Our readers are prob
ably aware that committee has lately been appoint
ed by the English House of Commons, to investigate
the nature of the various pensions heretofore granted
by the Crown. The committee reported, not long
ago. and extracts from their report are given in
raj Of the London papers. From one of these We
find that two sons of Benedict Arnold the traitor
SION of sl62. Their names are James 4. and Will
liam F., and their ages 81 and A. The London
Spectator makes the following comment on this
reward of treason "Without passing any judgment
irnods morality, we admit that his sons emit
tied 10 the pension.
INDIAN MOVEMENTS on THE SARISE.-By news
al NJ Orleans direct from Fort Jessup we learn that
a considerable ody Of mounted Indians had left the
location the Sabine assigned TO them by the Uni
ted States Government, and had advanced within ff
tesn miles Of Nacogdoches, Texas. Gen. Rusk was
proceeding against them. Gen. Houston had request
ed the loan of from fort Jessup, of some pieces of
artillery but lad been refused b. Coz. Manly who
however had sent guard under Lieut.. Henry 10 as
certain the true condition of affairs and il
pected the Sd regiment would, on his return enter
Texas if necessary.
MIscHIEvoUs APE.-A large ape or babeon con-
fined in stable in Elizabeth street, broke loose on
Friday afternoon and raised the sash Of brick house
in rent and entered the parlor breke glass ship and
ease, valuable ielic made in the revolutionary war,
smashed looking glass to pieces, broke considerable
glass and china the sideboard and was hunted out
ofthe room into the yard by the with brooms.
In the yard he seized hold of the HAIR of child of Joel
Isaacs about years old, and nearly took his scalp
oil, scratched and blt boy severely in the leg and
hgh, and finally mounted tree, with quite mob
after him with sticks and stones. We did not hear
whether he was rctaken or killed
0J The YeiioU Fsrer IN Charleston, we regret to
perceive, does net abate. In the two weeks ending
on September 9th, there had been eighty one deaths
or about 40 in week. Last week the northeasters
and rain which gave promise off better atmosphere
did not have the desired effect. The thermometer
afterwards to 800, which was &c higher than IN
the week previous. Great gloom was spread over the
city by the large number Of funerals on yesterday
week.
" Gov William Clark died at St Louis on the
| first Of this month He was tie companion of Mer.
weather Lewis in that famous Jorrney the North
American continent across the Rocky Mountains 10
tho mouth Of the Oregon and the PaciHs Ocean, the
first time in which that journey was ever performed
He first arrived at St. Louis in lso3 and there the
enterprise was planned, and the associates in that
great undertaking collected On his return from the
journey he was made Governor Of Missouri, and sf.