Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1838-11-22
FEDERALlsTS y REPUBLlCANS-ENE
UTlNE SUPREMACY.


anu by eierenee to the Arguments Of the gteat men
of that period, shall be enabled 10 discern. with
entire precision, the pune pies Which formed the ba-
SIS ct our earliest political organizations, aud which,
though nov lost sEhtof IN the misls of party feel
ny must constitute amongst us, the ground
"eik ct such Parties, until the Executive depart
ment shall have been effectively curbcd IN its ambl
oons struggle for unlimited power or until it shall
succeed here rs II has done in every other country
IN all ages Of the world, and under every political
system, IN obtaining complete aseendancy over the
other branches of the government. The Fedeia
pdrty.-than which nouo more enlightened or
honest ever existed mistaken we believe thcy were
n some Of then leading principle. -contendeL ear
nestly lor strong and energetic Executive and all
then fears Tor the perpetuity Of system grew out
of their ayowed belief that the trainers of the Cons
tuition hadtoo much weakened his authority as we'll
] in the cautious imitlllous OF his power as IN the
guards thrown around those with which he was ne
cessarlly clothed The Republicans, on the other
hand, believed thst he WAS not only invested with
too much power, but that the checks provided by
the Constitution would be found to be practically in
efficient and nugatory. VIM. Il. GILES, IN a short
paragraph of his speech in the H. OF X. on the Judi
clafy Bill IN lSo2, has graphically shetched the dis
Junction between the Federal and Republican par
ties" On the one side, Che tedera0 he SAYS at
was commended, that, in the organization of the
stiutlon, Il due aprortionmcnt of authority had not
been made among the several departments; that the
Legislative was too powerful for the Executive de-
parfment: and tha to create and preserve a perfect
eqoirose, II was neccssafyto nlse luto the Exccu-
i've Department. by Legislation, all artificial poeers
compatible with the constitution upon which the
most dliiusive construction giyen or, in other
words, topiace in The Etecutrc hands all the patron
age possible 10 create, Tor the purpose of pro-
tecling the President against the full force OF his
constitutional responsibility TO the people" The
Republican party, the Other hand, we arc told by
Mi Giles, " commended that the doetJ inc Of pltroa-
age ras reP"gaantto tie opinions and feelings Of tic
people; that 1t was unnecessary, expensive and OPP
pre- I've and that the highesteuergy of the govern
men would flow from the confidence Of the mass of
The people founded upon their own sense of their
common interests. Hence CONTINUES Mr.. GIles)
what IS called party in the United States grew up
Itom DIVISION 81 opinion respecting these two great
Characteristic principles, viz patronage The one
side, aud on the othcra far responsibility otM rep
reycnfa'ires 10 HePopls," g..
We leave it for our readers To determine which of
the two great parties in this country Is entitled ac-
cordns TO The prime pies thus laid Gown by MI Giles,
with indlsputabe accuracy, to the appellation of
Republican, aud which cfthem occupies the Fede-
ral ground. The Wings are conteGdng for lini-
ia ION Of Executive authority, Tor a dimnuton of
Executive pruonegc, and lorthe cspon,lbiy of the
Representatives In tie people: The - Democrats"
on the other hand, endeayoring to extend Exec
al,
patronage OF The President. and to convert the Rep
resenurigss Of the people iuto the automata Of
that officer II was bur the other day, indeed, that
the GtoJe, speaking, presume, " by authority"
and in utter coatempt Of historical truth alleged that
the on sinaI SIN Of Federalism consisted in oppos.
ing " die Government" having previously taught
the disciples of the Republican Church that
" he Government" aud 1.-THE Executive" are sy-
nonymous terms How opposite dis definition of
Federalism to that given by Wm. B. Giles! How
contradictory to the history Of panty struggles in
tins country
1t was during the bfief period Of Federal ascen-
dancy in our National Councils, shortly after the
constitution went into operation, that the unlimited
power Of remoral from cJicc which has been so ~
rannicaIly exercised within a few years past, was de-
ciared to be essential pant OF Executive preroga-
tIye-a construction totally at war, it seems to us
with the whole spirit OF the constitution, it GER
tanly is subversiye of the principles Of republican,
ism,- making the officers ofthe government respon-
sble to he President, instead of to the people, and
teaching them to regard themselves as the agents
while inducements are held out to them TO become
the passive tool, Of that funconary instead of look
ing TO the laws the rule of their duty, and to
the representatives of the people, for approval or
condemnation in the performance of that duty.
His construction Of the constitution, is true, was
sanctioned by few epublicans-amons them Mr.
Madlson-but they did loresec the practical evils
that have resulted from tor if Mr. Madison fore
that they might result, he regarded it as an inn
probable event declaring, he did, that no Presi-
dent would dare to exercise the power arbitrarily and
despotlcally, or that, If any President should do So
he would be promptly mpeached by the representa-
tves of the people. Alas he could not conjecture
that Gen. Jackson would be President Of the
United States He coald not believe thar, almost
within his own life time, an American Senate would
itself become the seville tool of the Executive, and
instead Of lnterp0sing its over barrier to the
growing tide of Executive aggression, would basely
cXEungc its Journals, rs IA peace offering 10
an offended President whose open violation Of
law of the land bad provoked ar EXPIRE sson fdsap
probation from their patriotic predecessors
The history of the last ten years is pregnan
with warnings of the danger of longer tamperine