Morning herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1837-1840, 1837-10-17

Average number of each family rather more
than Al in the four latter boronghs and in many there
were three four, FIVE and in some instances six per-
sons TO each bed The houses examined were all un-
der f25 year. From these tables il appeared that
the number Of persons living in cellars in Manchester
was | Ii per cent of the whole population, in Stafford
per cent. AT the suggestion OF Mr. Gregg
Mr.. Langton, of Maschester, read statement re-
speeding Liverpool from which appeared that IN the
parish or old borough there were 65e6 cellars 1864
courts and 257 1872 dwelling houses for population OF
10000; in the outskirts, 1894 houses 957 cellars,
and 307 courts-population 10000. Few OF the courts
possess any outets-aEd of the cellars the greater
proportion are dark, damp and without ventilation.
The average four persons to each cellar, giving
total of 10000 occupants OF cellars Out OF popu-
lation OF 100000 and was estimated mat twotnrds
of the population belonged TO the working classes.
Mr.. Slaney, nj. p. then read long and valuable
paper on the condition of the poor in large towns,
founded on Parliamentary returns and other official
documents From the amount of taxes on various
articles in use by the rich and mdding classes which
he enumerated he concluded that within the last fifty
years a very great improvement had taken place IN
the condition Of those classes; and alse, that inside
rabe improvements had been effected in the condition
of the agricultural population of the wenty-six coun
ties in which allowances had been made out of the
poor rates. He had returns from twelve of these
counties, showing that reduction OF forty one per
cent had been effected in the rates, whilst at the same
time the condition of the peasantry had been most
materially improved (Hear, hear.) He divided the
working population of large towns INTO two classes
the skilled and unsklled arcers The latter part of
the population had increased in most surprising
manner as compared with the rest, within period
of ten years, according TO the returns OF 1881. The
increase in the whole kingdom was 10 per cent; in
Londen 20 per cent; and in Manchester AZ per cent;
in Glasgow 3S Birmingham 80 per cent; Leeds AZ
per cent Liverpool "A per cent; being nearly AZ per
cent the five principal towns-or three time the IN
crease for the whole kingdom and four times that Of
many agricultural districts He then read various
,haro f oh wit Of
fences and committed in England and Wales at vari-
Gus periods, showing, that whilst the population had
only increased Is 10 per cent in twelve years. crime
had increased in the proportion OF 30 per cent or five
times the rate of increase in the population In 1885
the number of persons charged with offences was, in
England and Wales, III 6l9 in Bristol one in 200
in Mddlesex in 336, in Lancashire one in 4Sl, in
Cheshire one in 492, in Angesey one in 5000. (Hear,
hear) The quantity Of ardent spirits consumed in the
United Kingdom in the year 1917 was 9,2000 600 gal
Ions in 1927 Is 200 000 in 1885, e. 845 900 gallons
(Hear, hear.) In other words, whilst the population
had only increased 33 per cent in 20 years, the
same period. (Hear hear.) Ardent spirits were con-
sumed principally if not entirely, by the inhabitants
of the densely populated towns. The increase was,
therefore, one of most alarming nature. Taking the
whole kingdom, the proportion OF spirits consumed
was in 1920 one gallon to each nhabtant annually
in 1893 one gallon and half This was referable to
the whole kingdom; but when il was considered that
the drinking population was condensed in the large
towns the increase indeed alarming. (HeaE
hear) From all these facts Mr.. SIaney inferred the
absolute necessity OF doing something towards the
ameoraton Of the condition of the working CLASSES,
and improving their chaacrter. loud applause)
MECHANICAL ScIEScE.-Dr Lardner resumed his
discourse on steam navigation India and to the United
States II will be necessary in the first instance, to
state that, in his introduction this lecture, Dr. Lard
ner exhibited table, compiled from the logs of several
of her Majestys packets Of post office and pr
vate packet, showing the number of lbs Of coal consul
l..-.. hr,ra aI+s tl,v.v
per hour and the duty number of miles each vessel
had averaged in the consumption of ton Of Goals
each horse power. Thus, ton of Goals per horse pow
err had carried the Africa 1854 miles. The following
,ba