Morning herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1837-1840, 1837-10-18

present exhibitions none deserve more particular at
teRtion than that ofthe !,
this more particularly affect the cotton planters OF the
south, yet all readers may find amusement and
instruction in Perusng our account The three mo-
dels Of presses in the alley by the side OF the engines
are called Guyon Compound Balance Lever Press,
for COMPRISING cotton, hay, beets, oil, Seeds &C.,
and for baling hay cotton and in short for all and
every purpose requiring press But the most impor
tant operation performed with this description OF
presses in the United States is that of COMPRISING
cotton. One set of common cotton screw presses
THAT is q will press 500 bales OF cotton IN day. at
81 the bale.
y, The principle of this Guyon cotton press (or by
that name we believe it is kn0wn) and to which we
wish 10 call the attention of the southern planters
consists in this an increased power OF leverage
operating 80 as to overcome an increased resistance
of the subject to be compressed without an increase
of TIE power applied to put the press in operation.
This is effected by means of the fucrum changing on
its centre, thus increasing the power Of leverage
TO great extent. Although motion Of the under
and upper platten is effected, there is scarcely any
friction.
By this press two men can reduce bale of cotton
TO the same bulb same time that a press
can eiec, the with the aid of a steam engine of
30 horse powers and yet three Of these presses can be
put up for less sum than what ordinary pair of
screws cost.
They are admirably calculated for beets and oil
seeds; the latter in particular requiring the greatest
power which II IS possible to procure IN press the
power is used TO obtain oil from pressed substances.
The common screw presses now in extensive use
for pressing cotton IN the South, have horizontal
wheel on the head Of the screw, and great number
Of cog wheels which create much friction, and so in
crease the amount of power necessary 10 DC applied,
besides the troubleof gearing and of ungearing
In the Guyon press, by merely sliding the drum,
placed on the shaft the drum IS thrown out of gear,
and thus any particular press can be stopped amidst
line of presses in fall operation. The drum is shift
ed by small lever moved by the man who works
the press below.
The weight Of one of these presses is not 1000 lbs
only 1900 lbs. of iron being used in their construc
ton; they cost $400 each, and we understand that
set of them are be shipped for Mobile next week.
The screw press weighs 10 tons, with all the ma
chinery necessary set il in operation and they cost
two thousand five hundred dollars each, exclusive of
the engine. An engine and set OF common screw
presses complete cost thirty thousard dollars. The
same number of the Guyon presses only cost two
thousand five hunared dollars with all the power
cessary to put them in full operation
We repeat for the information OF all, that the prin-
cple of the new press consists in this-the fucrum
changes and the leverage shorens the resistance
increases, 10 overcome the additional resistance
without employing additional power.
With respect TO the manufacture Of this description
of presses the demand for them is greater IN this city
than can be supplied. Cincinnati and Pittsburgh send
a great many to the SOUTH as does New York to Mo-
bile and New Orleans. 1t is difficult to get at the
amount of capital number of hands employed in the
business, almost every foundry in the city is more
or less connected with different branches of press
making, yet no one shop set of men are kept en-
trely this description Of work. for is mixed up, in
every establishment with all other kinds OF foundry
business
One house thatmanufactures presses, has one hum
dred thousand dollars in the business; eight or ten
others have about twenty-five thousand dollars in
vested and about twenty others have from five to ten
Thousand dollars capital; the whole employing aboat
500 hands.
Some very splendid specimens of silk weaving par
oyfuc
Dowager Queen Of England, (the present Queen,)
with beautiful specimens Of silk vestiRg manufactured
for the late King caused US TO extend our enquiries
into the
six manufactures of the IT, S-The cultivation
of the mulberry and the silk worm began in this
country while il yet q British coony il was af-
forwards suppressed by order Of the British govern
ment because they found that the climate Of this
try produced better leaf and stronger fibre than
could be obtained in Europe. The cultivation Of silk
started again in Connecticut about so years ago,
by private individuals on their own account for de-
mestc purposes, but ii was very feebly sustained
I'll the state of Connecticut gave bounty Of fifteen
thousand dollars towards raising a capital Of thirty
thousand dollars, and this started the Hartford Silk
Manufacturing Company, whose splendid specimens
now grace The present exhibition. This effected
about two years since, and the mandatory then
put in operation for making up the silk from the
COON with capital Of thirty thousand dollars.
The details of the silk culture and manufacture are
simple, but mpor ant, and highly interesting to the
any soil where other trees flourish. The silkworm
eats the mulberry leaf and then forms the the
cocoons are gathered by girls from among the decay
ed leaves the bushes and they then put the
reel and reeed into hanks Of silk, it s called
and in that state some Of It is sent TO market The
hanks then doubled and twisted, by spinning
machine, into tram, and dugenzenes, and ultimately
converted into fabric sewing silk.
Some seeds of the Brussa tree were sent by the
American consul, Charles Rhind from Turkey, and
these planted by David Rugges at Ncwburgh
in this state. The cocoons were taken by Mr.. Colt.
the president Of the Hartford Company, from Rug
gess trees, and spun into silk and the texture is
found TO be nearly double the strength of the Italian
imported sewing silk.
This is SUBJECT on which the people Of this coun-
try should feel proud and in which all must take
deep Interests for when we reflect that last year
paid to Europe no less than twenty three mil
lions of dollars for imported silks be apparent
how important it is TO extend the culture of silk in
the United States.
In England alone, there more than ZOO 900 per-
sons employed in making up into fabric and sewing,
the silk and in this country there might be dou-
BILE that number usefuy and probably employed in
the business.
The increased cultivation of the silkworm here,
brought about knowledge of the Improvements in
silk reelsand these first disclosed the superior quail
ty Of the American silk as compared with the Euro
pean article. Indeed, the culture and manufacture Of
silk here has been successful beyond the brightest
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