davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05
MEX AS

The Texas Telegraph ofthe 22d ult. states,
that large war party OF the Camanches " ere
laying waste the whole country for MANY
miles west OF the Rio Grandc, and that near
ly all the wealthy Mexicans were removing
their families towards Zacatecas, Clearing
the approach of the Texan army, which they
believe will soon succeed the Camanches. -
The Tonkewu and Tipan Indians have
committed several murders among the Tex
ans.
President Houston has called together the
Senators and Representatives TO NEE. on the
25lh inst, of Houston, the seat Of Govern
ment-for purposes connected with the boun-
dairy question.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05
COUNTERFEITS

we learn that counterfeit notes on the
Bank OF Virginia are in circulation in this
city They consist of s los of the Peters
burg Branch. dated July 1882, payable TO
John f. May, and signed by J. Broken
brough, President, and w. cambridge, Cash.
Ter. II will be remembered that MIR. Dan.
bridge has not been Cashier for many wears.
Also, SIS Of the Lynchburg Branch, paya-
hle To- NorvelI, and signed bv j.
Brockenhroush, President, and w. Dan>
bridge, Cashier, dated in 1919 T.; and S5's of
the Charleston Branch. signed by J. Brock
e"brough, President and A. Robinson .Cash>
Ter. The latter without numbers or letters
well executed Richmond Tphig.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05
OBITUARY.

DIED, in this town, on Saturday last,
after long illness, Mr.. JOHN CLARKE,
in the Goth year of his age. The de-
ceased was a member Of the Presbyte-
rian Church.
DIED. in this town, on the 2Sth ult.,
THOMAS MANN, infant son Of the Rev.
VIM. G. and Mary J. Jackson, aged
eight months.
On Saturday last, an infant son Of Ro-
bert S. Brooke, Esq.
AT Fayetteville, Missouri, on the Gath
of August last, Mr.. JOHN BUMeARDNER
formerly a worthy and respected citizen
Of this place.
From The Lexington GoS. Sept 20
DIED, this morning, at the late
residence of his father, near this place,
after an illness Of two weeks, of remit
tent fever, JAMES LYLE, Esq. of We.
tumpka, Alabama, aged about 80 years.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05

CongTess.-It seems to be the opinion
that Congress will do no more at the
present session than pass the bills whic h
have already received the sanction of
the Senate, namely-tbe bill to post pone
the payment Of duties on custom-llouse
bonds-the bill to postpone the pay ment
OF the 4th ins'alment of the Deposites
with the States-and the bill for the is.
sue OF Treasury notes. The sub. treasu-
ry scheme cannot now pass. though there
will no doubt be greet efforts made to
carry it at the regular session. The
present session will probably close about
the middle of this month.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05
ae'rtnes Spertatnr s eGFneral gnnFrttsrn.

tion Of these favors is only to be expect
ed from faithful performance of their
duty, and when once forfeited may al
ways be regained by sincere efforts to
reform. With such institutions for the
rearing up Of young Ladies. we may al
ways expect to see the tone of society
healthful. and its members happy and
prosperous. 1t is hardly possible justly
to appreciate the advantages which even
single well educated lady may confer
upon her family and neighborhood, and
no community which properly under.
stands its own interest can ever suffer in
situations to anguish which are calculat.
ed to instruct and liberalize the minds OF
us females. A SPECTATOR.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05
TENNESSEE 8, THE U. STATES.
BANNER OFFICE NushpjIe Sent IA

TENNESSEE & THE U. STATES.
BANNER OFFICE, Nashville, Sept ID.
The call on Tennessee for Volunteers is ,Uitt-
drapn
His Excelency Governor Cannon receiy.
ed The following communication from The
War Department by last nights mail.
Ii will be seen that the Secretary, in reply
10 letter from Governor Cannon, under dale
OF 26th August, withdraws the call on Ten
nessee for volunteers fer the Florida service.
The reply Of his Excellency 10 the call of
the 18th OF August, as we have before intima-
ted, demanded assurances from the Depart
ment that ample means should be provided
TOR equpping the volunteers, before he could
take any step 10 meet The fequisilion, and
from the tone Of the present letter, we are
inclined 10 the belief that the Governors
prudent and decided stand on this point has
offended The honorable Secretary. u so he
must attribute the Governors caution 10 the
niggardly and ungenerous course Of the &c.
neral Government in its transactions with
the Tennessee Volunteers Of 1886.
WAR DEPARTMENT., Sept 6 1887.
SIR: have the honor to acknowledge the
receipt OF your letter of the Goth ultjmo.
This Department having received an Of
Ter Of Volunteers 10 the extent In number of
TIE requisi,ion made upon you in nv letter
of the 18th ullimo, have the honor 10 request
that you will take no measures IN comply
with that requisition, even should YOU be
called upon TO do so by General Jesup. The
General will be Immediately advised tina, il
has become unnecessary TO trouble your Ex-
celleDcy in the matter.
Very respectfully, your most ehed't serv't,
J. r. POINSETT
His Excellency n. CANNON, &c.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05

Geo. Wool of the U. S. Army arrived in
this City on Saturday evening, and expects
to leave it for Washington this morning
The Court Of Enquiry, which met upon his
case at Knoxville, was about fortnight in
session, and adjourned on the 18th. II was
composed Of Major-Gen. Scott. Col. Lind
say. MAJ PAYNE, and Judge Advocate De
Hart.-Ihe sentence of the Court is not ct
known-but we do not entertain moments
doubt Of its being highly honorable to Gen.
Wool.
Gen. Scott has gone on to Washington by
the Lexington rsad-Cel. Lindsay remains
in command in the Cherokee country
TRichmond Enq
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05

Secretary Woodbury's circular ad-
dressed to the Banks to know ON what
terms they will receive the Treasury
notes. is in exact keeping. for consisten-
cy, with all the other professions of those
in power. They tell US they wish to
divorce the government from all banks.
and at the same moment are attempting
10 effect financial arrangements with
them
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05
Stanton & Augusta Springs
Turnpike COppaDnnv.

PURSUANT to an act Of the General
Assembly Of Virginia, passed the 18th
OF March, 1886, for the purpose Of con,
structing a Turnpike Road from Staun.
ton to the Augusta Springs. at grade
nowhere exceeding 3 l.2 degrees.
.s0ssec is hereby SiCes.
mat Books for receiving subscriptions
10 the Capital Stock Of said COMPANY.
TO the amount Of Ten Thousand Dollars.
In shares OF Fifty Dollars each. will h..
oPened by the Commissioners named in
sa'd act on Monday the 9th instant and
continue open for the space of thirty
days at the following places, viz:
In Staunton, at the store of BENJAMIN
Crawford, under the superintendent Of
Briscoe G. Baldwin, David w. Pate.
son, Edward Valentine, Henry limbo.
den and Benjamin Crawford, or any three
of them.
And at the Augusta Springs, under
the superintendence of James A. CochS
ran, Thomas Holt, George NJ. Cochran.
aud William +. Hogseti, or any three
of them
As few such opportunities are likely
10 occur for profitable investment and
none in which a rich aud fertile neigh.
eofhood should feel so deep an interest,
II were well that capitalists, and the en-.
tefPrizing people of Staunton and the
north western section Of Augusta, should
observe, that the Books will be kept o.
pen only thirty days.
THE COMMISSIONERS.
Oct'r 3, 1887.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05
FROM ARKANSAS,
LITTLE Rock. Sc

LITTLE Rock, Sept. 4.
Capt. r. d. G. Collins, u. S. A. and
Principal Discussing Agent Indian De-
partment for the Southwestern Terrific.
~, arrived here on Tuesday last. Capt.
Collins, during his tour, visited The Cher
okees, Creeks, Semiuoles, and Cboctaws.
de represents these tribes as prosperous,
and SO lar as he could learn, all the In.
dams on our Western frontier as friendly
and we'll disposed towards the whites.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05
10 SADEDLERS,

FoR the information of those who
have, or may purchase the right of using
my Patent Spring for Saddles, will
state that l have succeeded in making
arrangements with Mr.. ALLEN PAINE,
corner of Howard and Market streets,
Baltimore, whS will furnish the Springs
IN any quantity, on reasonable notice,
at One Dollar each, with liberal dis
count for cash.
All persons, therefore, who want
Springs, will forward their orders to MIR.
PAYNE. HENRY SHEETS.
Stanton, June 10, 1887.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05

Good Humor, is the clear blue sky OF the
soul, on which every star of talent " i'll shine
more clearly, and the sun OF genius encoun-
ter no vaPors in his passage. Ills the most
exquisite beauty of "a fine face a redeeminy
grace in a homeIy one. II is like the green
in the landscape, harmonizing with every CO.
Tor, mellowing the glories Of the bright, and
soitening the hue of the dark; or like "A flute
In full concert of instruments, a sound, not al,
first discovered by the eye, yet filling up the
breaks in the concord with its deep melody.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05

o. The vote Of Virginia, it seems, is to be
neutrslized on the currency question. The
Winchester Virginian is gratfied to learn
that Senator Roane is 10 support the Sub
Treasury scheme. We shall see
We presume The next Legislature will
have the charity TO Tell the people which Of
the two Senators is the true Democrat
Whig.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05
A Servant wanted 9
Oct'r 2, 1887.

l AN anxious to purchase a FEMALE
SERVANT who is young, and has been
accustomed to cooking, washing and
lroDing'-in addition, it will be deemed
indispensable that she possess good
disposition Although one without chill
dren would be preferred, yet il her quail
ificatIous in all other respects are such
as 10 recommend her, the objection
which might arise from her having chill
dren' will not be insuperable.-Any one
having Servant Of this description with
whom he intends parting, and being
deslrous. OF procuring for her perma .
nent home, will do well to apply TO
FRANCIS T. STRiBLING.
Staunton, Ocpr 5, 1897. 3t
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05

EXPLORING ExPEDITIoN.-We are
gratified to learn, says the New York
Courier, that Lieut.. William w. Wool
sey has been assigned TO the command of
the schooner Active, one of the exploring
squadron. A better selection could not
have been made, for the hazardous and
responsible station to which he has been
appointed,
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05

A Slip from the New Orleans Advertiser
Of the 2ls, states, that the yellow fever had
begun to abaie for the las, few days, in con.
sequence OF the change OF the weather-The
report from the three GENE teries ON the 2Oth
gives the number ofdea,hs at only 32-being
less than hall the amount reported ON the
I4lh.-ENQUIRER.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05

The Enquirer states that il has itfrom
the most respectable authority, that,he Vir-
ginia Banks may, in ali probability, he able
10 resume, without danger, by the Goth Of
February. The South Western Banks, per
hsps, will he little later, because those
States will not perhaps be able TO make their
crops fully available before The first July.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05
Yarn Springs Mountain
TURNPIKE COMPANY

The President and Directors ot the
Warm Springs Mountain Turnpike
Company have this day declared divi>
dend Of Six per cent. on the ca pital stock
Tor the last five months, which will be
paid to the Stockholders on application
TO the subscriber.
GEO. b. RICHARDS, Treasurer.
Warm Springs, SePt'r %, 1897. [46
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05
CHEAP GOODS
NDao GMaM.

TIE subscriber has determined, for
the future, to sell his Goods for CASH
ONLY, and at such prices as cannot fail to
give satisfaction to persons inclined 10
purchase.
His present assortment is very good
one, and will be increased, shortly, by
fresh supply. w. CLARKE
Stsunion, June J, 1887.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05

60 The Philadelphia Inquirer states that
Mr.. Samuel Jaudon, the Cashier Of the
Bank OF the United States, has been appnint-
ed The Agent of the Bank TO reside in Lon.
don, aud MIR. Copperthwait, one of the As.
s'stant Cashiers, has been elected his success
Sor.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05

The Mobile Chronicle of the 2lst
September states that William III. Wharf
ton, Esq. the Minister from Texas to
the United States, has made his escape
from Metamoras, aud has arrived in
Texas.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05
ATTENTION!

The Courts of Enquiry for the 32nd
Regiment Virginia Militia will be held
on the following days, to wit: For the
LIST Battalion on the 10th day of Novem-
Der next; for the Sd Battalion on the
i1th-and the Regimental Court on the
18TH of Novembsr-at the usual places
of holding said Courts.
FRANKLIN McCUE,
Colonel BID Regt. Va. Militia.
Oct'r 5, 1887.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05

MIR. Rives, in his speech on Tuesday, stat
ed tina, the Sub treasury system now in prac.
Ice IN France takes one hundred thousand
oihcers 10 carry II on, and that il W i'll take al
Chronicle
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05
For Sale or Rent.

We are DESTROYS of selling that very
very valuable STORE ROOM and
BRICK DIV ELLING HOUSE, OH
Nj ain Street, in Stanton, two doors west
OF MIR. Cowan's old stand, nearly oppo-
site the siivcrsmith shop of Capt, VIM.
Young, and lately in The occupancy of
Mr.. Henry Inboden. We would sell
on accommodating terms, or we would
rent for one or more years.
MERRITT q, CHURCHMAN.
June Is, 1887.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05
TRUST SALE.

BY virtue Of deed of trust executed
to the subscribers by Benoni Wilson,
bearing date the 9th Of February, 1897,
and OF record in the Clerks Office of
Peudleton county, TO secure debt there
in mentioned, we shall, on Saturday the
18th instant, at Wilson's Tan.yard, in
said county. proceed TO sell at public auc-
ton, for ready money.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05

The Florida war is estimated to have
cost the country something like ten mil.
lions Of dollars, and a bill is before the
House of Representatives appropriating
ST. 100000 for its farther prosecution.
Some fragrant instances OF swindlinp
were alluded to in the debate on Mr..
"ises resoiution--such as paying seven
thousand dollars for forty cords of wood,
and twenty thousand dollars to Captain
OF Volunteers who had but four or FIVE
men. The cause of this war ought not
to be forgotten. 1t originated in per-
mission given by President Jackson to
some Of his favorites to purchase the
slaves of the Seminoles. The object was
doubtless speculation, which the Presi-
dent. in his known devotion to his
friends, was willing to lend his official
influence TO promote. This, too, against
the express provisions OF the law, which
forbids the purchase even of pony by
white man from An Indian, and the
earnest circumstances of the agents of
Government. who foresaw the conse
quences likely TO arise from the inhu-
ence OF the negroes with the Indians,
and the frauds to which the permission
would lead. These circumstances were
unheeded. however, by Gen. Jackson.
and sorely has the country suffered for it.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05

The following are the final returns of
the election for Governor in the State
of Maine Kent lWhig) 81, 359, Parks
". b. 30, S73-actual majority for
Kent over Parks 4s6-Whig gain from
the election in 1886, 9.66S.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05
Valuable Slaves
+ O r 6 A I, r,
Oct'r 5, 1887

WILL be sold, for Cash, before the
door of the Wayne Tavern, in the town
of Staunton, on Friday the 10th day OF
November next, being the first day OF
the Superior Court for the county OF
Augnsta,) SlWEsI SEAWES,
belonging to the estate Of Jesse Dold,
deceased, consisting of two men, one
woman, and four likely children.
SAM'L CLARKE, Admir-.
Oct'r 5, 1887.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05

! oPe"eu 0chooi AT EdgehIll I'm the
county OF Albemarle, FIVE miles east OF
Charlottesville, for TWENTY young La.
dies.
TERMS.
Board for the scholastic year of =
ten months. including bedding,
washing, fuel, lights and sta
tionary. $50
Reading, Writing, Arithmetic,
Algebra, Geography with the
use OF the Globes, Grammar.
History, Rhetoric. Compost
ton. Astronomy, Natural and
Moral Philosophy. Botany and
Chemistry, DO
French, %
Italian, 81
Piano with the use of the instrument. 90
Gul'ar, so
Drawing, %
The School will commence on The
18th of September. One half. of the
Board aud Tuition fee will be REQUIRED
in advance, the residue on the 18th of
February. Young ladies entering pre-.
vious 10 the 10Th of February, will be
charged in proportion TO time.
The School will be conducted by Miss
LEWIS and the Misses RALDoLpH. The
number will under no circumstances ex-
coed twenty. They will be received
and treated in every respect as members
Of the family; their health their morals
and their manners will be particularly
attended 10. The house is commodious,
and the situation one of the most salu
brious in the upper country.
SLet,ers may be directed to MIR. or
Mrs. I. j. Randolph, Everet,svillc, AL
bemarle county.
Octr g IS37-St
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05
3 Tracts of LAND.

adjoining each other, as described in
said decd Of trust, containing in all 9S
acres, and adjoining the land OF Marga-
re, Stevenson and others.
Also, at the same place, on the same
day, by virtue of deed of trust execut-
ed to the subscribers by James Nal
come, bearing date the 9th day Of Feb.
ruary, 1887, and OF record in the Clerk
Office OF the county of Pendleton, to Sc.
cure debt mentioned in said deed o.
trust. we shall proceed to sell, for read y
money,
A TRACT OF LAND,
adjoining the lands of John Siron and
Margaret Stevenson. containing III a.
cres, except 40 acres. sold and conveyed
by said Malcome to William Lamb,
which will also be offered for sale on the
same day, and at the same place, by Y.
}. Hiner, by virtue of deed of trust
executed to him by William Lamb,
bearing date the first Of May, 1887, aud
recorded in the Clerks Office of Pend!e-
ton county, to secure q debt mentioned
in said deed OF trust.
Selling as trustees, we shall convey
such title only as is vested in US by said
deeds.
Y. J. HINER,
BAILEY HINER,
octr D, 1887 Trustees.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05
Fresh Fall Goods.

THE subscriber having declined re-
moving his Store to Rockingham coun.
ty, would say to his old friends and the
public generally, that he has taken the
stand heretofore occupied by Mr.. Henry
G. George, three miles distant from his
old stand. as which place he has just re-
ceived and opened large supply OF
Foreign and Domestic
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05

The Yellow Fever is reported to have
broken out at Natcbez.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05
.D e We GOODS.

together with almost every other article
generally kept in country store
which. added to his old stock, makes a
stock much larger than any offered here.
tofere (; to which the attention Of his old
customers and the public generally, is
particularly invited. The subscriber
having laid in his Goods on the most
reasonable terms, aatters himself with
the belief that none who may honor him
with call, will go away without pur-
chasing. Please call and examine for
yourselves.
r. II. HOLLAND.
Oct'r 9, 1887.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05

The Conservative majority in the
British Parliament is l7-all the returns
received.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05
RICHMOND MARKETS.

THURSDAY, Sept %, 1887.
WHEAT-Sl6 OaS 65c. supply small
FLOCR-COuntry superfine SS-ihe
supply very incons iderable.-WHIG.
Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-10-05

MRS. L. JEFFERSON RAN
DOLPH and Miss MARY JANE LEWIS
have opened School at EdgehiII in tn.
county OF Albemarle, FIVE miles east of
Charlottesville, for TWENTY young La.
dies.
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1837-01-05
RANK OF VIRGINIA.

The following gentlemen have been elected Directors
OF Tx; Bank of Virginia and Branches for lr37:
1T LicLmgGG-Join Brockcnbrough, R"tcr G"a'i''
mry, George L. Sampson, Abraham Warwick, Il" very
Blair, John A. Lancaster, William Gray, AlrdI iiar'
ris. John Cosby, Jaquelin F. Tayl'r. David walker,
Thomas Vadcn." John Tfipeu," William Barrett
Il: .Norin'k-W ll!ium B. Lamb. John Souhgle: WI
lam b. Sel,Ien, Samuel D. Rawlins, Caleb Donsal,
Wiliiai Francis James NJ. Smith, Henry b. Reard"n.
William Aloseley, Thomas e. Brnngh'on, William H.
Wilson," Edward Deany.F James 7. Souler.'
1T Peitrsbarg-Jmncs w. Prgtam, Joseph Bragg, ia
vd II. Branch jain G. Ilo.son John Y. Stockdeil
darcy Paul, Andrew Kcvun. Wan. pannill, Thomas II
Lee hn H. Smith, David May HarlwelI P. Heath,
J4i;ts II. McCuiloch
II trcAericksbmg-Hugh Mercer, BAIL Gordon Jno.
S. Wexford. John Moncnre, john Nj. Whittenore, John
L. Marrr. James Vass VIM Jacksan, Joseph B. Flcklln,
Ties f. Knox Samuel Phillips" Henry Tnylnr,r How
son II. Wallace. $50
ii Lym:Lnrg-Chsvcll Dabney, Elijah Fletcher,
Henry Davis, Thomas a. ilolconbc, John tlonsr Cdin
G. Clay. Charles l.. Mostly. Samu: Nown, John Mill
cr I"hn J. Purvis, Robert TIns!ry,+ James w. Nor
gan" .nhn w fnunGS
II H:nriie-Gcorge Townts, William Linn john
Ross 'chn Dickinson, George Wilson, Thomas Cole
man VIA. p johns
Il: CAGr'csiaa ka--Jas. c. Mcfarland, Joel Shrews-
bury ST., Levi Welsh, james Dream, George w Sum.
n:rrs,- JOHN +. Faurc,~ VIM Il. Cox"
IT RachGaHa--Johu NJ. Harvey, jain S. Wilson, JAS
l.. Woodvic, George W. Wilson, James Mcdowell,
Charles Il. Pcau," John NJ. johnston
E,rr EIrnc: