Staunton spectator, and general advertiser. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 183?-1849, 1837-07-20

: rock. w Hiss and Crouche's mines nm n
South east side OF the coal field, north of ti
river have also two principal seams, the W
per hve feet, the lever about four feet thick
ana separated by ii feet slate. The upne
, seam as IN other places the purest coaj Thu
! the points 10 miles distant shew CORES
pondence in the relations OF the seams ,o ea,
other and adjacent strata, TO establish tb
continuity of the same beds across the whole
coal field
la some of the shafts on Tuckahoe as ma
ny as i've seams have been struck of thick
aess sufficient In justify working; and 9th
ers OF insignificant dimensions are neglected
Two seams occasionally coaIesce SO as 10 form
out one, on The north side ofthe river.
An old mine on the south side called the
river Fit, now deserted because of,he near
approach Of The granite foor TO the sand stone
rooi, containing al the depth of 40 feet, q
coal seam 20 feet thick. Al Mills pit on
Tue east side OF the same portion OF The Ba-
SIN, NJ varies rapidly from almost nothing 10
Az ieef, and In one place including few
bands OF coal shale 10 so feet in thickness.
Inc NJ idloihian pit shaft is 500 feet deep and
inc workings are carried TO 700 feet below
me SOIL The coal is worked at 80 feet in
thickness and IN seme places more Coal
occurs In heiiows frequently in this and 9th
er mines IN the floors as it were somewhat
saucer shaped, and from 40 10 SO feet thick.
Proiessor Rogers gives minute descrip.
'ion OF The faults (knOwn here as trOlbles) in
,he coal deposiie which occasion frequent
oisdppoIninents 10 the collier. He sets down
as the most unerring criterion tor selecting
Inc largest depeste, that The main body OF
Tue coal lies either i'll direct contact with the
primary rocks, or closely contiguous TO them
! nus furnishing the only unerring guide in
the prosecution of new and intricate saSSrk-
IL
ance Oh The primary rock and sand stones.
winch sometimes, being the debris of The
suoJacent primary strata, are re cemented.
pocket magniher will detect less angular
character In them than in the primary rock
boring is also recommended as an expedient
to avoid the faults and changing thickness of
The coal, which battle the authorizations of the
INNER. These local distur Dances are a mark
Gu feature OF our adjacent coal mines This
Is mol commonly The case in coal fields. Pro.
lessor X. speaking of the difference saws. that
the coal field under consideration lies imme>
didieiy contiguous 20 the undulating surface
Oh Inc primary rocks, and must partake of
ali lis fluctuations, while the upper surface
does not correspond entirely. Ia most other
coal heids the underlying rocks are either
SAND stones, lime stones, o. states themselves
originally horizontal deposites, furnishing a
level floor, upon which the carboniferous
matter would necessarily spread itself in an
even sheet. He does not design 10 throw a
damper on the enterprise pursuing the de.
veiopment of this feld-for he Considers il
Inc most valuable mineral wealth in the area
Oh virginia but wishes by practical sugges-
lions 10 promote sound ard profitable di
rection TO this enterprise. He advises the
preservation of specimens Of rock penetrated
by the shafts. The rocks resting above the
coal are less liable 10 local variations than
The coal Usclf---Important differences could
be drawn as 10 The depth Of the coal by com
| pairing the rocks as they crossed in success
ION with sets OF specimens collected from
| adjoining mines.
Coal veins have been discovered in Prince
Edward and Cumberland counties-and
rocks accompanying this mineral extend O,
yer wide area in this portion OF the State.
! Their thickness compaf ed with the coal field
! above described, is not considerable The
discovery OF coal within small distance of
the too; OF Willis Mountain, recently made
derives peculiar interests from The fact OF the
existence IN the same vicinity OF hematiie,
and magnetic iron ores in great abundance
| The Hematitic ore is also discovered in the
!. coal held above described in some places in
! quantities sufficient TO attract attention A
| specimen from the neighboTho hood OF Trabue's
| pits in Chesterfield gave in the 100 grains.
The following ingredients -
Per oxide of iron, IS Is
! Silica, 42O
Aiumina, 400
Water, $50
\ The existence of this mineral in iInmedi-
ale contiguity with the coal, is fact of vast
4 importance, deeply interesting 10 capitalist
concerned in the development of the resour.
ces Of this portion o. The State.