Columbus Democrat. [volume] (Columbus, Miss.) 18??-18??, 1837-12-23

sumsn u.irs. a. such g. couasr mns, 'eHe Co
worse sri.s thaI.liaf 1rodG seslcm- which O. Nas
fagu5 uccrssazf 90 abolish. d would secuir there
lore 10 l,s lht par, oi VISION and SOUND policy
% rouovs as Tar 81 nTaC;lcahc, tlc casscs which
u-odocs m7rusiaHs upou tht puhiir lands. and
iHga tuks sfhdicm steps r. prevent then n hi-
.,Es- III oai5 ans Single measure Dc So effective
in rsrncrlsr al pnilsibs grounds Tor those Htft-
slats a. ,it graduation Of nvics glFeaGy suggest
ed shor prriod Of industry Hnu economy m
Hny par 81 cur cnuHus woBiu uhHhs the poorest
erizen 10 aocuuuiBfs the means 10 buy nm
Z hsus a. TIE i0Ntr prices, ana ieBVf hlm without
apology fof SETTLING CD lauds noi hs own. Il he
da not urder suCn circumstances, be would enlist
( 90 sympathy n hls isvoT; and thu laws wonid
be readily executed. without gong violence 10
f poiac ol,gni9F.
s large parlou Of cur cntzens have seated
+ themselves on the public lands, w1haai authority
slnce The passage q the last prt-emplIlH ia~.
and uos ask ihe enactment ct another 10 enabie
4 lbesH TO retain the lands oocBned, upon payment
Of the minimum Government price. They ask
/ that which has been repeatedly granted before
/ II toe future NAV be Judged Of by the past httle
harm can be done 10 the interests Of The Ireasu-
/ n BIZ yielding TO their request. Upon critical
examination, Il s found that the lands sold al the
pubhe sales since the introduction OF cash pay
rnents AZ 1896, have produced, OH an average,
/ The BelI revenue OF only FIX cents all acre mnfe
/ than The minimum Government price. There 4
no reason 10 suppose that future sales will be
more productive. The GnYelnmru', therefore,
bss 10 adequate perumary in,efestto induce IT
10 drive these people from the lands they occupy,
| or the purpose Of selling hem 10 others.
! Enie1tsn,ng thee views, ! recommend the
/ passage pf,-er puoa lvs 70 The be- efi, IN
c"nile uau Ai,n .ar plepa atug steps i"@a q
| be g,ad1aiion q he pare SO ihe public land,
and further aad n,t,e ett-ual ,n.,isi. H. ia pre-
vent inlrlsian- hereafter l. duleenc, to those
ahn haze settled ou lhs>e .atd, "tIh eNpeo talloa-
that past legislation ~eud be made s4ie Tor
| the future, and al the same tne removing the
most plausible ground on which mitusions are
excused, and adopting more efficient means L.
prevent them hereafter, appear TO me the most
| indicious disposition which can be made Of tins
difficult subject. The limitations and restrictions
| 10 guard against abuses in the execution of a
pfe-emphon law, will necessarily attract the care
| iul attention Of Congress; but under no crcum-
stances is ii considered expedieni TO authorize
| floating claims IN any shape. They have been
heretofore, and doubtless would be hereafter,
most prolific sources Of fraud and oppression,
and instead Of operating to confer the favor Of
the Government on industrious settlers, are often
used only 10 minister 10 a spirit of cupditv al the
expense of the most mertorious Of that class.
The accompanying report Of the secretary o.
War viii bring to your view the state Of the Ar.
! Lii he Ii IL
superintendent Of that officer.
The principal part OF the Army has been con.
cenirated in FLORIDA, with a view, and IN the ex.
pecianon, Of bringing the war in that Territory tc
a speedy close. The necessity of stripping The
posts on the maritime and inland frontiers of thcu
entire garlsons, for the purpose Of assembling IL
the field an army Of less than four thousand men
would seem to indicate the necessity Of Increas.
ing our regular forces; and the Superior etfiuen
ey, as well as greatly diminished expense Of tha
description Of troops, recommend this measure
as one Of economy Us well as Of expediency.
refer 10 The report fsr tbs reasons which have in
duced The Secretary Of War TO urge The fecognr
cation and enlargement of the staff OF the Aunv
and OF the ordinance corps, III which fully con-
| cur.
II is not, however, compatible with the interest
Of the people To maintain in time Of peace, reg.
nlar force adequate TO the defence Of our exten.
sye frontiers. In periods Of danger and alarm
we must rely principally upon we-organizcd
militia; and some general arrangement that
will renderih Is description offorce more efficient
has long been a subject OF anxious solicliude. Ii
was recommended to the first Congress by Ge-
neral Washington, and has been since frequently
brought 10 your notice, and recently its lmp0r.
lance strongly urged by my immediate predeces.
sOf. The provision IN the Constitution that rem.
ders II necessary 10 adopt an uniform system o.
organization for the militia through ut The United
States, presents an nsurmounlabe obstacle Il
an efficient arrangement by the classification
heretofore proposed, and invite your attention
TO the plan which will be submitted by The Score
tary OF War; for the organization Of voIuntee
corps, and the instruction Of militia officers, a:
more simple and practicable, IT not equally ad
vantageous, as general arrangement oil tht
whole militia OF the United States.
A moderate increase of the corps, both Of mil
nary and Typographical engineers, has been more
than onte recommended by my predecessor
and my conviction Of the propriety, mol TO say ne
cessrif, Of the measure, IN order TO enable then
To perform thf NhHoh- abd HhPoildti uu'tes M
posed upon ibcm, tdpces me to repeat the re-
c0mneildni"n,
4 Inc Military Academy continues 10 answer all
the purposes % is establishment, and not only
luTnl~h,s wei-edu, at,d fitaS to The Amy, tul
serves 10 diiu-e Throughout the mass 81 oui CHI
zens individuals possessed 81 MILITARY know
edge. aud the scientific attanmens oi ctvd anu
military engineering At present, The cadet is
bound, with consen' Of his parents or GUARDIAN,
to remain IN service five years from the period oI
his enlistment, unless sooner discharged thus
exactng only one years service in the Army al
ter his education is completed. This docs moi
appear to me sufficient. Government ought to
command for longer period the services Of
those who are educated at the public expense
and recommend thai the time of enlistment he