The herald., 1837-04-29


projecting, and beng turned inward. were made To
conform 10 the bend of the other part; each end that
IS turned inward and not wound is about one third
OF the length OF the semicircle. These samclrcles
being thus fitted mp, to become at pleasure gal
vanc magnets, we're placed IN the same machine that
has been already described and occupied the same
place that me permanent steel magnets DID before
The conducting wires arranged, that the same
current that charged the magnets of the motive Wheel
charged the stationary ones, placed around 4 only
one battery beng used Ii should be observed, that
the stationary galvanc magnets thus substituted Tor
the permanent steel ones were only about half the
weight Of the steel magnets. This modification OF the
gavanic magnet is not of course the best form for
efficiency; this was used merely 70 try the prlncpe,
and this construction may be superseded by differ
ent and more efficient But with this arrange
menL and Notwithstanding the imperiectlon OF the
mecansm Of the machine-when the battery, requlr
no about one quart of deuted acid 70 immerse II.
attached, IL lifted l6 lbs. very rapidly and when the
weight was removed 1t performed more than 600 re-
voutlons per minute
So sensible was the machine TO the magnetic
power, that the immersion of the battery
inch into the acidulated wafer was sufficient TO
give II rapid motion, which attained Its maximum,
when the battery was entirely immersed. 1t ap
peared 70 me that the machine had more energy
with The electro magnets, than With those that were
permanent, for with the smallest battery, whose
diameter three inches and half-lts height five
inches and halt, and the number OF fconccntrc cyln
ders three Of copper and three Of zinc the instrument
manifested as great power IL had done with the
largest batteries and even with large calormOtor,
when II was used with permanent instead Of gal
vanlc magnet With the small battery and with none
but electro or galvanc magnets, II revoved with so
much energy to produce brisk breeze, and
powerfully TO shake large table on which the appa-
ratus stood.
Although the magnetization of both the stationary
and revolving magnets was impaired by one and the
same battery, the magnetic power was not lmmedi-
ately destroyed by breaking the conncxion between
the battery and the stationary magnet; for, when
this done the machine still performed us revolu
diminished
practice tins might be important, as II would give
time 10 make changes IN the apparatus without stop
ping the movement of the machine.
II has been stated by DR.. Ritche, in late number.
Of the London and Edinb. Phil Magazine that cleo
tro-snagnts Is do not attract al great distance
permanent ones. and therefore not well adapted
for producing motion. On this point Mr. Davenport
made the following experiment, of which was not
witness bat 10 which give full credit, il
ported 70 me by Mr. Slade in letter dated New
! ork, March "a, 1897.
Mr. Davenport suspended piece OF soft iron with
long piece ofwlne, and brought one pole Of a high
ly charged steel magnet within the attracting dis
tance, that Is, the distance which the IRON
racted 10 the magnet; by measurement, II was found
that the sce magnet attracted the iron one inch and
one fsurh. galyanc magnet next used Of the
same lifting power, and consequently OF much less
weight; the attracting distance Of this magnet was
found 70 be one inch and three iourths showing ma
erial gain in favor of the galvanic magnet. Mr..
Slade inqures mas Mr. Richie magnet been 50
constructed as 70 give favorable trial 10 tins prince
Y
crcas, IN the number Of wires has been attended with
an increase ofpower.
CgnclusionS
|. 1t appears them from the facts stated above,
that electro magnetism - quite adequate 10 the gen.
Grafton OF rotary motion.
?. Tha, Il i not necessary 10 employ p2rmanen;
magnets III any part of the construction, and that
electromagnetic are far preferable not only for the
moving but for the stationary parts Of the machine.
3. That the power generated by eec,ro-magne
ism may bo Indefinitely prolonged, since, for exhaust
ed acids and corroded metals, fresh acids asd bat
teres, kept always in readiness may he substituted
even without stopping the movement.
4. That thepower,may be increased beyond any Inn
II hitherto attained, and probably beyond any which
can be with certainty assigned, ,-snce, by increasing
all the members of the apparatus, due reference being
had 10 the relative proporionatc weight, size, and
form Of the fixed and movable pars-to the length
Of the insulated wr.s and the manner OF winding
them-and 10 the proper size and construction Of the
battery well as 70 the nature aud strength OF the
acid or other exciting agent and the Of con-
Meeting the battery with amachne, IL would appear
coralD that the power must be increased ~ some ra
to which experience must ascertain.
5. As electro magnetism has been cxperimenially
proved 10 be Sufficient TO mise and sustain several
thousands Of pounds, no reason can be discovered
why, when the acting surfaces are, by skig mechan
ism, brought near possible without contact the
continued cxertlon OF the power should not generate
a continued rotary movement Of degree Of energy
inferior ladeed 10 that exerted IN actual contact but
still ucal approxmaiIng TO II.
o. As the power can be generated cheaply and GER
tany-as il can be continued indefinitely II has
been very greatly increased by very simple means
a. we have no knowledge Of lis limit, and may there
fore presume on an indefinite augmentation Of It's |
energy, Il - much 10 be desired that the investigation
should be prosecuted with ZEAL aided by sea
entfc knowledge, by mechanical skill and 10y ample
funds. II may, therefore, be reasonably hoped that
and art the handnads Of discovery viii both
receive from this interesting research, liberal re-
ward
Science Aas thus, most Unexpectedly, placed IN our
hands new power, of great but unknown energy.
II does not evoke the winds from Their caverns nor
give wings water by the urgency ofheat; nor drve
To exhaustion the muscular power OF anlmas nor
operate by complicated mechanism; nor accumulate
hydraulic force by damming the vexcd torrents nor
summon any other form OF gravtatng force; but by
the simplest means-the contact OF metallic sur
faces Of small extent, with feeble chemical agents,
power every where dliIused through nature but gene
rally concealed from senses IS myserlously ovol-
ycs and by circulation in insulated wires, Y - still
mere mysieiiously augmented thousand and
thousand fold until it breaks forth with incredible en-
erpy; there appreciabe interval between is first
evolution and ,s full maturity, and the infant starts
up giant.
Noihinp snce the discovery Of gravitaton AMI Of
the structure Of the celestial system, IS so wonderful
Ne the power evolved by galvanism whether We con-
template il in the muscular convulslons Of ANIMALS
the ehe "A fhr collar briphtnrN 0f