The Arkansas advocate., 1836-01-08

ing in extent that relinauished has been sAeeed each tribe. Of climate, fertility and canae to support an Indian population, the represens.s?y 10 are highly favorable To these districts the Ind;ons are removed at the expense of the United Se'ans S,ns and with certain supplies of clothing, arms Saaes' hilton, and other indispensable articles tha. u' sAli so furnished gratuliously with provisions E. .a period of year after their arrival at tba;s 'he
 homes. .!.a. time, tre.:. tho of try, and of the products raised by them thas s' subsst themselves by agricultural labor. if ,Ssa Ss choose 10 resort io tet node Of life life ., not they are upon the skirts of the great uo where countless herds of buffalo roam, and . sbss, time suffices to adapt their own habits to the cha
 which change of the animals destined for ,fa: food may require. Ample arrangements have si.a been made for the support of schools In some ;n stances council houses and churches are to he aru l ed dwellings constructed for the ciefs ana ,s;n for common Funds have been set apatt ai'fls f the maintenance of the poor. The most neees.as. mechanical arts have been introduced and blast smiths, gunsmiths, wheelwrghts, millwrigbts S~ are supported among them. Steel and iron snj some times salt, are purchased for them. anS ploughs and other farming utensils, domestic an malls, looms, spinning wheels, cards, &e are ssa sented to them And besides these beneficial .~ engagements, annuites in all cases ns;5 amounting Ill some instances, to more than h;r,, dollars for each ndlvidn"l of the tribe: and in is cases sufficiently great, if justly divided, and nrr dently expended, to enable them in addition to tbe, own exertions, to live comfortably And as stimulus for exertion, it is now provided by law. that sn all cases of the appointment of inerpretars or other persons employed for the benefit of the In dians, preference shall be given to persons of In dian descent if such can be found who are proner ly qualified for the discharge of the duties'
 Such are the arrangements for the physical com. fort, and for the moral improvement of the Indians The necessary measures for their political advance 4or have moi been neglected. The pledge of the Unit ed States has been given by Congress, that ,he country destined for the residence of this people shall be for ever secured and guarantied to tbemn A country west of Missouri and Arkansas has been assigned to tfen into which the white settlementa are not to be pushed. No political communities can be formed in that extensive region, except those
 which established by the Indians themselves, CT by the United States for them, and with their con- currence. A barrier has thus been raised for their protection againstthe encroaehments of our citizens and guarding the Indians as far as possible, from those evils which have brought them to their pre- sent condition. Summary authority has been given by law to destroy ail ardent spirits found in their country, without waiting sle doubtful result and slow process of legal seizure I consider the ab. soute and unconditional nterdction of this article among these people, as the first and great step in their ameoraton. Halfway measures will an. swer no purpose. These cannot successfully con.
 
 pcwering appetite. oflhe buyer. And the destruc. tive effects of thetrac marked in every page of the history of our Indian intercourse.
 Some general Legislation seems necessary for the regulation of the relations which will exist in this new state of things between the government and people of the United States and these transplanted Indian tribes and for the establishment among the latter, and with their own consent, of some princ pies oi lntercomnluulcaton, which their juxtap0s. ton will call for; that moral may be substituted for physical force, the authority Of a few and simple
 laws for the tomahawk, and that an end may be put to those bloody wars. whose prosecution seems to have made part Of their social system
 Alter the farther details of this arrangement are completed, with a very general supervision over
 them, they ought to be left the progress of events These, indulge the hope, viii secure their pros. perity and improvement, and large portion of the moral debt we owe them will be paid.
 The reptsr from the Secretary ofthe Navy show. ing the condition of dat branch of the public ser. vice, IS recommended to your special attention. 1t ltappears from 1t that naval force present in commission, with all the activity which can be given to It, IS inadequate to the protection of our rapidly increasing commerce.. This consideration, and the more general one which regards this arm of tho national defence as our best security against foreign aggfessions, strongly urge the continuance of the measures which promote it's gradual enlargement, and speedy increase of the force which has been heretofore employed abroad and at home You wlll perceive, from the estimates which appear in the report of the Secretary of the Navy that the expenditures necessary this increase of it's force, though ot considerable amount, are small compared with the benefits which they will secure to the country. s3s ftale tI
 As means of si1eiig eiisg this national arm.I also recommend to your particular attention tho proprety ot the suggestion which attracted the consideration of Congress at it's last session. re- specting the enlistment of boys at a suitable age, ln the servlce. In fbS manner, nursery ot ski- tul and able-bodied scamcn can be established which will be of the greatest importance. Nextto the capacity to put afoat and arm the requisite number of ships, is the possession of the means to man them efficiently; and nothing seems better calculated to aid this object than the measure pro- posed As an auxiliary 10 the advantages derived from our extensive commercial marine, 1t would furnish us with resource ample enough for all the exigencies which can be anticipated. Considering the state of our resources, 1t cannot be doubted that whatever provision the lberality and wisdom of Congress may now adopt, with view to the perfect organization of this branch of our service, will meet the appreciation of all classes of our citizens.
 By the report of the Postmaster General, 1t ap- pears that the revenue of that department, during the year ending on the Both day of June last, ex- ceeded lts accrulng responsibilities S236 206, and that the surplus ot the present fiscal year is es- mated at $476,227 It farther appears that the debt Of the departments on the first day of July last, in- ciudng the amount due to contractors for the quar- ter Just then expired, was about $ 064, ,38l, CT. ceeding the available means about $23, 700, and mat on the lst instant, about 597077 of this debt had been paid ss40999l ont of postages accruing before July and $ls7,0 ,066 out of postages aecruing slnce. In these payments are included $67,000 of the old debt due to banks. After making these payments, the department had S73,OO0 in bank on