Cheraw gazette. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1835-1838, 1836-07-19

pgiuClpeS, u VIII UecOulc SltOuy SHhpHss
and the necessary particulars for success be
4: once understood. Z.s,
In order to cause m adhesion between
the graft and stock, it is requisite, first, that
the sap which flows upwards through the
wood, should be able to pass uninterrupted
at the place of their junction. Hence de
parts Of both must be cut so as TO be placed
in close contact. Secondly, it's necessary
that the juices, in returning through hthe iber
(or inner portion of the bark, should pass
uninterrupted from the graft to the stock.
Hence these parts also must he placed &c.
actB in contact. Thirdly, j, is necessary,
that the newly formed woody fbres which
descend from the buds Of the graft, aud
which serve to- connect the two paris togeth.
er, should pass freely from one part 20 the
other; and also that the cambinm, OF soft
substance between the bark and the wood,
which serves as food for these young de-.
scending fibers, should be eoniinhed ai this
hoint' of junction. Hence the line ef sePdra.
ton betreen tie bark and the reod, shouH,
both in stock and graft, be accurately adins-
ted. On the accuracy with which these
three parts of the operation are performed,
the success mainly depends. Andif these
are attended TO, it is immaterial how gtat
a variety OF modes arc adopted. The
most inexperienced and unskilful hand, if
care is taken in these, particulars, could
scarcely fail.
Although any mode OF grating would
succeed if the above precautions were OBJ.
served, set convenience generally points
out some particular one, adapted to the CIR
cumstanccs Of tl,c case. Tie most expedi.
tious method of performing the operation
when small stocks are to BE- grated, is by
phip grating. This is the mode generally
adopted in nurseries. ltisperforuied thus.
The stock and the graft are both cut off Fob
liquely, or sloping, SO as 10 leave cut sur
face of about an inch in length. The de-
gree ofslope should be the sarne in both, as
nearly as the operator can guess. If the
cut is made by single stroke Of sharp
knife, the parts may be brought together
more closely. Next make slit in the mid.
die of the cut face of the stock, downwards,
about half an inch, and corresponding one
in the graft, pwards. Now by pressing
them together the tongue and slit in each will
mutually lock together. Then, ,-taking care
not to displace them, tie them closely to-
gethcr with bass mating, corn husk, or
other soft ligaturc. apply the plaster, and the ;
work is done. When the graft begins to-
swell from growth, remove this hgature TO
to prevents cutting in. Where this mode
of grating is adopted, it is desirable that the
Stock and the graft be Of nearly equal size.
But where the stock is much larger than
the graft, cleft grating is mos, convenient.
This is done by first cutting off the stock
with large knife or saw, and a
cleft is then split downwards in it an inch or
two in length. The graft is then cut off on
both sides in the form of a wedge, Of such
a shape as to fit as nearly as possible this
cleft. The cleft is then kept open by
knife or wedge placed the opposite side,
and the graft, prepared as above, carefully
adjustedin it, and then the wedge is with e
drawn. The plaster is then applied and
the operations is complete. This mode has
an advantage over the former ia not needipg
u ligature, the pressure Of the jaws Of the
slit being sufficient to hold the graft to its
place. 1t may be observed, that os the cleft
is made lengthwise. with the wood, the sap
in passing from the stock to the graft flows
laterally from its vessels, which i will DO !,
with. nearly the same facility as from the |,
ends.
As sharp knife for cutting the joining
surfaces is absolutely necessary, it is gener-
ally most convenient to employ two knives,
one for doing thechief work and IN sha-
ping the wood; and the other, exceedingly
sharp, merely for pairing the surfaces Tor
contact.
In order that the ascending sap may af
90 to the nourishmcnt Of the graft, and not
run to waste in other channels, il is ~impor-
tant to rub or cut off the buds and sponts on
the stock, especially those near the graft
Many gratis will never grow without it.
Where standard trees have been headed
down for new tops, the gratis should be set
on The thriftiest shoots, and rs near the body
ofthe tree as these can be found; md strict
care should be taken to cut away alt over
sl,adowng branches in their immediate VI.
cini,v. As thegraas increase in size, thes
old top should he gradually and fnally re-
mored.-Genessce Farmer.
5 DUpDED STOCKS. III ~ ssssstt
OF the last summer, should be cut off
above the bud early in spring. and sll other