Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1836-12-12

,r,hn,;,ns a, our citizens to tn. pubic revenue,
can bc ascer,sined. We know ttai they con-
,iIu,e uaf1a.,iig and n rule men lofe ,liarwonld
distribute l.. them equally, would hr liable 10 all
TN objections winch apply to The principle OF an
equal division ot property. 10 make the Gene
raj Government the insiratnent OF carrying t'is
olini, principle into elect, would be 81 once 10
de Siro, the means al its us' alne's, and change
the character drsencd ior II ha ihv lanels oil Tie
Constitution.
a.. ,l,e ,sore c,trnslcd and injniens consequ,u-
,es bk..l, 10 ,.,ut rom the pphcy winch "onid
collect a ,uf,,lu, revenue for ,ht purpose oi dis
trbuing il, may br ioreiby frustrated by an nx-
animation OF the clirt', abcady produced by the
prcSrni depasite act. TIN, act although ,er.aii-
ly designed 10 secure the sal,i keeping oi the pnb-
lie revenge, is moi entirely tt,c ia its tendencies
ON nlaa, al tAr nbjrctohs winch apply 10 tins
ntiuciiilr al distribution. Ihc Government bad g,
without necessity, received from the people u
larec surplus which, instead ol beng employed as
her. toore, and retf icd 10 them AA mcdhs III lie
public expenditure, "asdrPoS,ted III sandry banks
The hunks proceeded 10 make loans upon tins
,urpus and tina, converted 1t INTO banking capt
tai and IA lin, manner II has tended 10 multiply
bank charlcfs aud Ia, had great agency III pro-
ducin. a spirit Of Wild speculi,t on. The posses
sion and Of the property out oi winch this sur
plus was created, belong 10 the people bun the
Government has Transferred It's POSSESSION 10 in
cnrpua lcd banks, whose interest aud effort II Is tn
MAKE large profits out OF il, THIS process,
need oml, b. stated 10 shoa lis injustice and bad
policy.
Ani the same observations apply to the inta-
cncc Which J., produced by the steps necessary
to collect rs well rs TO distribute such revenue.
About three lliihs Of all the dui"s Oh imports are
paid in the city ot New York. bnr II i, obvious
that tie means 10 pay these duties arc drawn
from all quarters of the Union. Every citiL II III
every STATE, who purchases and consumes an ar
lclc winch has paid duty at that port, contrl-
butte. 10 The accumulIllng mass. The surplus cob
cctrd there ,nu,i, therefore, he made up OF mo-
neys or property Withdrawn from Other points aud
other States. Thus, the wealth and business Of
every region from which these surplus funds pros
coed, must be 10 some extent injured, while that
of the place where the fund, are concentrated,
and are employed IN banking, are proporlionably
extended. Bu, both in making the transfer OF
the fund, which are FIRST necessary Ia pay the
duties and collect the surplus and III making the
re-iransici winch becomes necessary when the
time arrives f,l the distribution OF thar surplus
there i, IA considerable period when the funds cam
not be brough, into use and II Is manifest, that
b, sides the loss nc> iiablc from such an opera
! ration, lis tendency Is To produce fluctuations III
! tn business ct the country, which are always
productive of speculation, and detrimental 10 til,
Interests OF regular trade Argument Can scarce
| ~ Ia necessary 10 show, thai il measure OF TIL,
ehasrt,r ought not 10 :ccsiyc further lceslatlv,
! cncolr aseniont.
! BY examining the practical operation Of ilu
ratio for distribution. adopted IN the dcposite b,l
OF the last .cs son, shall discover other Il a,urcs
that appear rq.'dy objectionable. Let II be as
sumrd, for the sAa. al argument, thai the sarplu
munr,s To be- depu lied WIN The Sl,trs have beer
collr ted, and bclons 70 hrn,, IN the ratio OF tlci
federal rcpr,srnlalivc rupulation--an assumption
founded upon the fact that an, dcl'cnnccs IN on
! future revenue iron imports and public i'n.s. ma,
/ hc made bY direct taxes, col, @tef from lac Stat,
ia that ratio 1t ia proposed TO distribute th
surplus, say S3O,OOO,O not according 10 h
ratio IN winch II has bccu collected and belongs 4
the people oi the States, but IN thai ut Then vol,
in the COLLEGES of clcctor, Of President and Vic
President. lhr elect OF Il distributor 81 on tia
ratio is Sllowl by h auHcNe table, marked \.
! }N an examination OF that table II viii be jar
crlvrd HAT IN tie distribution OF Il surplus OF $40,
0O3,ODO, upon llat basis, there errat drpar
turc from the principle winch regard, irln,>rnll
ton y the true measure oi taNAtiun ani 1t vii
be- found hat the tendency ii that departure vii
he Ia increase whatever inequalities have beer
supposed To attend the operation OF our Fedora
system ia respect to its bearings upun the differ
rul Interests ol the t6Iun. la making the hASi
nj representation Tie BOSS of tNhtion, the Trainer
NJ the Constitution intended TO cuualizc the bur
icn> which are necessary Ia support lhe Govern
mrnt and the adoption OF that ratio, wlc ii nc
eompllslaI tins object, MAS also the means o
adlnstlng other Great topic, arising OF the con
illcl'ne views respecting ,nr poilicacqualty .llIr
yarion. members OF the C,nlcdcracy. Nhatcvc
therefore disjurbs the liberal spirit Of the cempr,
nisrS winch established Il rule ol,axation So JUS
aud equitable, and watch experience h., proved /,
be 80 we'll adapted 10 tue genus and habits OF ou
people, should he received with the greatest eau
lion and di,tru,t.
\ barr Inspection, in the annexed table Of TN
differences produced bv tine ralioused ~ the de-
poslie act, compared wuh the result, Ola dIstti
hntlon according To the RATIO Of direct TAXATION
aust salisl, every unp:ejudlccd mind, that til,
lofn or ratio contravcnes iW ,prit of the Constitu
lion, and produce. degree of injustice in the q
l'rralion OF the Federal Government which woul.
be fatal to the hope oi prrp'inaing 1t. By Tia,
ratio oi direct taxation, iur example, the State
Delaware, in the collection of $50, 900 900 .
revenue, would pay into the Treasury, : 1875, 10
aud N n distribution Of S;;O, 100000 she wou,
receive back from the Government, according I,
The ra''o OF the dcpositc bill, the sum of $500,
l22 and similar results would follow the con-
parlson between the snal and the Eirgc State
throughout the Union thus realizing To the small
States an average which would be doubtless n
unacceptable to them ~ a motive for lncorpora
ting the principle IN any system which woad pro
dnec II, as II would be inconsistent with the tight
and expectation o the large States. 1t was certainly