Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1835-12-15

,anvs introduction Of steam power on The western r.
rers md northern lakes, with the pnolic
ibo;r n, viu,tou and the increased aces Oh
sei sd md canals have of late added much TO the
IS the public lands beyond previous years, ana De-
s ,h nraportional increase of population. 10 the
so his causes have been joined, during the last
% ears as formerly suggested, the effect OF the pre-
pon law the increase III the price ot cotton and the
unusual abundance Of surplus capital in ioi2: seeking
new investments But much of the great difference to
be produced by these causes has, perhaps, happened al
ready What extraordinary increase of population and
demand for new lands in the United States may here
after by emigration from Europe, compared Win
former years, must depend on many contingencies
both here aad there. such good bad governments
prosperity decline of manufactures, and TASTE in
emigration lands in other quarters OF the World
at present to prevent any person from making Sae
estimate.
Difficulties in Estimates TO Customs and Ldnds
Comparative and speculative views connected with
the subject Of receipts from customs and lands cou!d
be further extended, but their practical utility might DC
deemed probcmatical as sufficient Is believed 10 nave
been already stated for all general purposes. Greater
confidence is felt in the estimate submitted tor the re-
ceps from in 1886 that offered last year tor
1885, founded somewhat similar da!a has not Vacn
from the asccrtaincd aud estimated actual receipts over
million of dollars but the actual receipts from ands
have for the various before explained, differed
largely; and, united with The failure to pass some usual
and anticipated appropriations at the last session OF Con
gress have caused most of the increased surplus now IN
the Treasury The difficulty in attaining much certain
ty in estimating the receipts from either customs or lands
in any particular year in country as new, enerprisng
and prosperous ours has been considerable In
addition the fluctuations We always shall be la''e u"
from short crops, pcsticnce and war But tins di1cuy
will be more strk:ngly exemPhhed TIL lo42 under the
| material alteration from credit to cash payments
and under the continued biennial changes to when the
tariff is now subjected 1t shown in lc22, in re-
port of a committee of the House of Representatives,
that from loO2 that time, the estimates Of our whole
receipts differed either by excuses or detcienclcs from
the actual receipts jn different years, from one to forty
N "A in stonlS n
renty three; being average OF about sixteen per cent
per aunun The difference since 1922 has been careful
Is examined and is found to vary from less than one per
cent to over forty one, aud averages annuay aoout 10
DER cent Bn the effects Of the rrcguarity of our ac
tua r. ceps into the Treasury in any particular year
whether over under the estimates were less
and OF less comparative Importance Dciofs inc
payprnt Of the public debt: at the close oil lc4 Us THAT
payucr from time to time corrected any rrrgufy anu
Superseded what will often hereafter be Inevabc Without
dine pccaulion the necessity OF resort TO new egSla
ton Whenever any considerable excess or dehcicncy nap
pens to occur in the whole revenue Beside what has
already been remarked on the influence which inc IN
creased cultivation of cotton in tins country has IN va
rous ways exercised and is likely to exercise hereafter
in our revenue from customs and lands 1t might be made
subject OF further and very interesting inquiry III con-
nexon with the uncertainty OF the estimates on those
subjects affecting that cultivation does more remote
IT, not only our from lands and customs out the
balance of trade and the export OF specie as well as the
continuance by means mutual dependence among great
interests OF many Of cur peaceful ana prosperous rcIa
tons both at home and abroad But without entering on
this OCCASION into further details concerning any of these
points may be mentioned very striking result con-
neclcd with the last one, and furnishing strong pre-
sumption in favor of greater exemption hereafter from
fluctuations by and commercial restrictions. that
while the quantity Of cotton exported from this country
has increased from half million of pounds in llO to
over $50 millions in 1850 and has exceeded in va
lue during six OF the last ten years. all our other en-
ports of domestic products Of every description, the
utacture of it at hone and chiefly in the Northern
States, has Increased, from consuming only few bales
more to ninety millions Of pounds yearly, and 10 that
extent and strong bond Of reciprocal adj
vantage and harmony. And that while we now fur
nSh instead of the small quantity in the first years OF
Government quite ii!tcen-sxteenths OF the whole
consumption of raw cotton by England, and seven
ten,s Of that by France all the present exports OF 1t
to Europe from all the rest of the world, do not proba-
bly, equal if those two nations could obtain the whole,
one third of what they consume one-iourth OF
what they now import from The United States alone
And thus, while neither Of them produces any OF the
raw article, exccpla little in remote dependencies,
that they have an annual manufacture now relying on
it, and chiefly the United States, equal in France to
eighty millions Of dollars, and in Eng land to one hun
dred and eighty millions of dollars; and constituting in
the latter after il supplies her large necessities al
home half value of her great annual exports
| 10 all quarters of the. globe
Remainder in cur ncrt)