Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1834-05-13

ings 10 give that which win allow some eanng to the
other parts OF the instrument, and that which will
der ~ the others useless Cer,snly, no such unverss
pow meant 10 oe given them. II intended to
lac them up straiy within the enumerated powers and
hose without which, means these powers could not
he carried into effect IL is known that the very power
now proposed as Means rejected as end by the
conv eution which formed The Constitution. proposition
made TO them, authorize Congress TO open canals
ana az anenoa'oy o"e TO empower them TO incorporate
But the whole rejected; aud OF the OF
lection urged in debate was that they then would have
power 10 bank which would Gender the great cities
where there prejudces aud jesousies that sub
ject, adverse the reception OF the Constitution.
2. The second general phrase Is, to make all laws
eessdry and proper Tor carrying into execution the
rated powers But they all be carried into
cution without bank bank, therefore, is not neces.
sdry. aud consequently, not authorised by this phrase
has been much urged that bauk will give great Ia
cy convenience in the collection taxes. Suppose
this were true: yet the Constitution allows only the
means which necessary those which merely
convenient, for eiiectng the ,aied powers. II
such latitude oil construction be allow this phrase
as 10 give any Enumerated power will go every
one; for there no which ingenuity may
inie convenience. ia some ,cay other, to
OF sotong list Of enumerated powers. II wosd swallow
up all tho delegated powers aud reduce the whole TO
phrase as before observed Therefore was that the Con-
shuion restrained them TO the necessary that is
10 say to those means, without which the grant oil the
power would be nugatory.
But let examine this convenience and see what il
s The report OH this subsc page 2, states the only
general convenience 10 be, the preventing the irsnspora
ton and the re-transportaion Of money be ween the
circulating medium ascribcd il is merit, aud which,
according TO my idea of paper money is clearly deme
ritz Every Stale will have 10 pay OF tax money
into the Treasury; and the Treasury will have TO nav in
every State, part OF the interest he public debt and
salaries 80 the officers OF Government in that State
In most OF The States there will still he surplus of tax mo-
hey 10 come up to The seat OF Tor the office
residing there The oil interest salary in
State, may be made by Treasury orders the State col.
ecior i viii take ny the greater part Of the money
ne has collected III his State, aud sequeny
the great mass OF II from being drawn of the State.
III there be balance oil commerce in favor OF that State
against The one in which the Government resides
plus OF taxes will be RENTED by the bills of exchange
drawn for that ercia balance. And so i, must il
there were bank. But il there be balance of com.
merce, either direct cireuous, all the banks in the
world could not bring the surplus bu, I'm the
form money. Treasury orders, then, and bills of ex.
change may prevent the displacement OF the main mass Of
the money collected, without the ai of any bank and
where these Tail, 1t cannot be prevented even with thai
aid.
Perhaps, indeed bank bills NAV he NOR. eo,reo;en,
vehicle than Treasury orders But little difference in
The degree al convenience substitute the
when The Constitution makes the ground for assuming
any nome enumerated power
Besides the existing Banks Will without doubt 70,
into arrangements Tor lending their agency and the more
favorable, as there will be competition among ihem for IT,
whereas, This HR delivers up bound 10 the National
Bank, who free refuse all but on their
own terms, aud the public Free such refusal TO EN-.
Ploy any other bank That OF Philadelphia, believe now
Ss s business by their post notes, which, by an
rahgement WIN tho treasury are paid by any State coIlec
tor TO whom they presented. This ,xyeJien, aono
may justify the assumption OF enumerated pow err
means for carrying into effect enumerated one The
thing may be done, and has been DONE and ell done
without this assumpon therefore, il does not stand on
that degree OF necessity which honestly justify it,
IL may be said, that Bank whose bills would have
currency all over the States, would be couvenen
than one whose currency is limited a single State So
II would be still that there should be
Bank whose bills should have currency all over the
world But II does not follow from this superior conve
nency, that there exists any where power to establish
snch Bank or that the world may not go on very well
without it,
Can it be thought that the Constitution intended tha
Tor shade or two Of convenience, more less
should be authorised break mos: ancient ard
fundamental laws OF the several States such as those
against mortman the laws oil alieDage, the rules OF de-
scent, the acts OF distribution, the laws eschea and for
ieture, and tie laws OF monopoly. Nohing tut a neces.
sity, lnvincibie by any Other means, Justify such
whole system OF Jurisprudence. VIII Congress be tco
strait laced carry the Constitution into effect I'M
less they may pass The Foundation laws the State
Governments, Tor the slightest convenience theirs
The negative of the President is the shield provided by
the Constitution, to protect against The nvasons of the
Legislature, 1. The rights Of the Executive; 2 or the
Judiciary g. OF The States and State legislatures The
the States, and is consequently, Of those intended nv
the Constitution 10 he placed under his protection
III must be added, however that unless the Presidents
mind on view OF every thing which is urged for and
against this BILL is toerably clear that by
the Constitution, the pro aud The hang so even as 10
balance his Judgment just respect Tor the wisdom of the
Legislature would naturally decide the balance in favor OF
their opinion. lit is chiefly for where they are
clearly n'sied by sbi ioa interest," the
Constitution has placed check in the egaiive of the
President TIL. JEFFERSON.
February 10, 1901