Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1834-10-17

OF utilization; Tor, il each State at its ow discretion
may take up act OF Congress II chooses consider
unconstitutional. aud render IL utterly null aud void within
Its limits, by iis edic OF Null6caion, 1t may in the
manner pronounce and execute its sentence oil death upon
all the laws OF the Union. This IL and the
Republic doctinc OF Jefferson aud adison virg
mia and Kenturky Resolutions Where Nullhc alton in the
Kentucky Rssoluion las adopted is spoken OF as righu!
remedy. is not by single State; but by hose sovereign
ties, the several Sstes by declaraiory Of
the Constitution a,nuilng the power by which the law
passc'; and where Nulifc alton is spoken OF 10y Mr
Jefferson in the rough draugb the Kentucky Resolutions,
1t is no, even pretended to be Constitutional right; but
"natural right" Now, natural iieh's aud constitu
tonal rights, entirely dissimsr The latter is the
tight oil State, organized body polite. by
gisiayc act or ordinance under the Con-
siiuon But natural right is not derived under, or
dependent upon constitutional compacts. Ii is Of higher
orgin it is derived from the God Of Naure; is the gh,
TO resist intoerabe oppression, aud by revolutions hur
the oppressor from power. Such MIR Jefferson view
OF this subject, aud il different from the Carolina
doctrine AMI ordinance OF Nulc alton, Dcclsi alton
oil Independence, variant rom Imperial sse the
edet oil the great hiogul. The Is the exercise OF
natural right; is the right Of revolution; the other
nsidous attempt TO overthrow the Gov eminent OF the
Union, under tle orns and sanction Constitution
The Virginia Resolutions Of similar i'm port, and Mr.
Madison, their author and Who ought to ,hem
best has most emphacally and uncquvocsy denounced
the Carolina doctrine and declared that finds sanction
IN the Virginia Resolutions. Virginia, herself, has dis
claimed The doctrines, not only by her resolutions unsn
mously adopted Ia 1910, but recently since the
adoption OF the Carolina ordinance; aud has enucky
denounced the doctrine, and have all tho twenty four
states Carolina alone exceped ond we find MIR. JeIcr-
aud the Democratic patty enforcing the embargo in
every Slae, and MIR. Madison Dcmocl party
enforcing the against the declared judgment Of sove
reign States pronouncng both these laws Cong ess
| constitutional.
Now, fellow .citizons will demonstrate 10 Won from,
hs printed speeches, published under his rcvisa that
George Poiniexer is not only Nuilier hut mn ultra
Nulier Mr. Ponds xer in his speecb ,i,er ,iIc,,ing
those that were alarmed at the docine Modification as
cldren and grown babies takes up tain positions
which he proceeds 10 "noice sud contOperk" Among
those propositions which Mr. Ponde controvet and
denies, THAI Modification Sec eson is revolutions
that the Constitution OF the Uuon created any direct re-
ations between the government aud individuals; or that
The arrest OF the operation OF law OF the United States,
by State, within her limits, voulionary here
~ Mr. Po'ndeXtor avows tho ultra dogmas OF Nuihca-
| ton.
There is nothing clearer than the proposition confro.
pe'ted by Mr. rondcxter, that the laws of the Union
operate directly upon people OF the Union without
the intervention OF the State authorities Thus hen A
sues IN the courts OF the United States obtains iudg
nen' against HIM and cnioces its coec by process
executed by the Marshal, aud the oil the Union one
rate directly upon the citizen, without the aid of the State
government or OF any of the otces- can the State
arrest The operation Of tins law oil the Union. On this
uJeel mr. jefferson IN his memoir, written in 1921 says
hc fundamental defect Of tho confederation yas tLst
Congress was not authorized Immediately on the
people, aud by lis own officers. Their power was only
requisitory, and these acquisitions addressed to the
several Legislatures 10 be by them carried execution
without any coercion than the moral principle OF duty
This allowed in iac negative 10 every Legislature on
every measure proposed by Congress; negative so ire
queny exercised in Practice as 10 henumb The action o
the Federal Government and 10 render icen in its
general ohJecs and moro especially in pecuniary and
foreign concerns"
MI Jeheson, that the following iunds defects
in The old confederation, which defects ceased with the
adoption oil tho present Constitution.
i. That "ConSress not authorized to act immodi
ateiy on The people and by its own officers"
z That they possessed other pow or OF "coercion
than the moral principle of duty
g. That the old coneder allow ed State
on every act oil Congress
Now these are The positions thus denied by Mr. Jenor-
son applicable TO the present Constitution which are adj
vocated aud sustained by Mr. Poindexe and the snnor
ers OF Modification. When then, Mr. Poindexter teiIsms
Of
cended from the clear head aud patriotic hsart OF Thomas
Jeiierscn he does that lustrioIs patriot great justice
B"t Mr. FondeNter proceeds farther even than Mr.
Calhoun aud declares ia his printed speech wo have
heard much !Iom hohoIahIe Senators who think .his na
uoial governments and tic States iuuuicp
on The subject oil citizenship aud acgance Oh this point
20 step farther than my honorab friend from Vrci
ma (Mr JIerl who denies that he is czrn OF the
o0oeTh"e"f OF The United States deny that there can
he III The strict sense oil The tenn, citizen of the Unite
States under The Cons'iiuhon admit tina, we are all IA
milAry called citizens OF the United Stae,: h il rc.,I
from the union oil the States aud is not Two CLAIM,
to citizenship, which be recognized independent of
the States. cannot conceive OF an inJiyI,,nI Who IL 80
OF ciIizen OF The United Sates.'"
Now, il the assertion OF Mr.. Poindexicr be true thai
here cannot be, Sin the strict e Term a citizen
oil The United States under the Constitutions" then sin
the strict sense vi tic term, Mr. Ponde xter is not S
naor oil the United States undor the Constitutions for that
instrument declares chat shall be Senator no
shall not have been nine years citizen of me I,ifeJ
STATES lie same term is ieped eddy used in t,e Com
stituon OF the Union and of tbe va,ous Site 81 -
Constitutions, aud old. Of this State. The fern then
"ChZen oil Tie United States" term stictIy consti
onal But the honorable Senator says that this ier arise
solely from hisbeng citizen OF Stale Now
OF tfi0ry - citizen OF The u States but not OF any
Slate, so IS resident Of The District of Columbia and even
the lonely American fishermen al the mouth of The 20
iumDid IFeT, who hears tao other than the beating
suise oil TIE vast Pacific, lives beneath the
ods OF the American banner, aud there the guar
dian Eagle OF America hov u'c him as citizen az ,o
United States Ii possible an ndvi ;uaI 10 be
resident Vi State, but citizen of it, aud vet be
cl1Zen oil tie United States Suppose that an American
chIPD, VINO had been citizen Oi Virginia. had removed
rom That State 80 long that under its Constitution
anu Ia"s' he had ceased TO be citizen OF that State
ahd That he had removed 10 PennsyIysna. but had
not remained there long become a citizen of
mat S'alc lie would nehur be citizen OF Virginia
o. Pehn'y IY'nia, or OF any other State, and vet he
would ubquesIionibly be citizen OF the United States
u a0 alien had resided FIVE years in Louisiana then re-
moved to Mississippi, aud few after his removal
had been ma uralizsd there, lie would be citizen of
the Uuited STATES, aud have "excIusye rieb to ,,t
appeatOn, but would not he cnzrn OF any State what
ever HE honor able Senator therefore, entirely over
ledped The SPECIFIC provisions Of the Constitutions OF the
Union aud OF the States in esvorug TO strip us of IN,
most glorious OF all aPPellaions, citizen Of the United
states h's ~ lie deaier to the hearts frocmen
han any IN tic gorgeous healdry OF Kings or mobiles and
Formidable ~ despOts only, The Toes OF the American
Onion IL is tile which places 4hc tenant Of the hum
bles cabin upon level with tue naughty owner OF squares
or cities IL places the collage by fe side of the palace
and establishes between the jewellers in each perfect
political equality for both "cifisens nj The IT, SAFES
But MIR POnJexer il 40; satisfied with stripping us OF
tho Title aud privileges Of American cilizens, I've would
place hc Constitution ard Laws OF Tie State in all cssos
ABOVE "Ihe Laws aud Constitution Of the Union"
Mr. Folndexef, in the same speecb declares "he psr.