Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1833-09-17

coutn (dfOIna anu ~ W England
and asserts 'that the man who contends tina, lie :. o
Souh carolina Is PARALLEL to that OF New England during
mired." F""" "'-
IL is my purpose to maintsin, in a few remarks. the no.
siuon which ! took,-ihst, so far as the PRINCIPLES and oh,
Jec's OF the action Of Congress upon both case. x.,. con.
.e'hcd, the cases are iden,ical-wiihout regard 10 any
marsh reflections which the Editor of the wbiS NAV b,v,
cas-, upon me, and without discussing with him nav claims
W o'scerhment or sincerity. Any remark of his cannot
supply the want OF either, i'll do no, posses, them. q ear,
II tase either from me IL ! do.
In every movement made by New England in opposi.
W." 'o te embargo, she was initiated by South Carolina
~ opposition to the tariff laws. Ia New England. the EN-.
Fargo was denounced as unconstitutional ard oppressive.
hrs., IN town meetings, then in county meetings and nex
oy her State Legislature, aud BY her renresen,s,;vss ;'
Iongfess-Souih Carolina pursued. the same co,,rse i'm n m
position to the tariff. In town and county meetings. the
,s'iu was denounced as demonstrations and oonressive
h"r State Legislature also denounced H. and ~ ali no.,
representatives in Congress. This de puuciauon ,Iro.oh
> 0 many channels in New England, was the sentiment aid
ac'oi a great majority OF las ci,izens-a majority eou,l,o
IL MOI groatsr than that OF South Carolina, which d.nounc'
Ell the tatiff, and threatened TO resist il. No man WI,
..o .e'.s, or WIN read, the history Of the embargo
'Wes' can doubt that opposition 10 The non in,er coursc
system was almost unanimous in New England
a" e. o mel representatives, in her State L. gisIsiute and
- Io"s,ess' almost u"sninous in their opposi,ion: Were
~ g S'ate "oVeriois, elt cied also 10y the people, de er-
m'hei, aud even menaciDg, in their orpo.ition ; Uou
w. ~ oe o"et"ise uan thai the L eat boiy OF The PEG
PIC sustained ms opposi ion Oh he part OF th. ir ,ubI . Scr.
wants, VII en- they signiiied heir approha ion n, ,t.i..a1
~ i,eir repeated election S! Tut as lose who 80 -"
,h,n " ILL., aeeu ~ e neUer informed upon his subject
. ~ "C biS UT N>e M al A.
i?id more certain Information as 10 the eS,en, of IN. orno.
" ~" 10 me embargo, on The part Of New ENGLAND. /
I !" nI'S soc a passage from The speech Of james a.
lr"y"u, !" me Sen.le OF the United States, on the IIb
teoruary, 1909, on the ,esoIution to repeal Nh, ,mhnao
PvsHn,g OF The discon'en's in New England, he SAYS:
q al know That the opposition 10 the .mharyo In ,,o
ca Tern Sites, l. no the opposition of a pnli,ic,I marin :,
i a ye'c di con ented men. but the resistance of jJEE
= n n. % measure which they Eel as oppressive and
regard as ruinous. - his is not the deci,,a,io, ,f :,
New Englard man. but Of a Lisin,erc. ted statesman-o,a
W., u :, s"nough a iederaiis', stood high in the couide nee OF
I.,I,."" hu" 70 ms testimony, that OF the repeated
~ OF The New England representation in Con.
gies'i ana ne most incr.dulous Cannot doubt ,,,t tM,
In New En-. land were almos, co.ex,ensive
WI" is population. Indeed, it could no, well hay. r.,
o'herwiSe; Tor The deleierious influence of the es,,,rso &C.
'" III commerce and prosperity OF New England " a WI
.".u'''ea 10 produce general discomfort and opposition.
is bighilng effects were general. Tins lar
New England acted. But in addition to these acts. sLe
through tie same channels, threatened resistance. and il
onton; thus, also, did South Carolina act, and to mi.
point me oases are parallel. South Carolin, hovry"r
u' NOT STOP mere. She organized resistance to the tariff laws
ny ~ acts oil her convention; she declared that t,. ,,,ig
laws should not be executed within her bo,dar. ..,
sisted the authority Of the Federal judiciary. by her =.
~ 'aW'a anu she took up arms TO maintain her position.
IN .nis aspect and in this only, is her case different iro,n
OF New England; and the question il. does Ills life
ehce make the action OF the last Congress. IN relation =,
"nl"ss ana unconstitutional, while the action of Con.
ioo9. IN relation TO New England, was inst. pro.
per and constitutional? That is, was it most ,ioh, and
ptopsr, ana within the pale of the Constitution TO provide
the means oil suppressing unorgdnized threaf,neJ ,es;.,l
dnce, or organized actual resistance ~
Inc Editor OF the Wing maintains that the opnosi,ior 70
.ne embargo in New England, was Jactious. ins,,r,c.
ana mooocfdfic, aud not the act Of the majority nj
the people, so TAR as to0s knoDn. | have she n 4 ,ty;,L
sa'''ac'oriiy, that this is not true in point of fact. Inn, TIA,
.; a. me sentiment oil any community could be Ger.
amy ascer'alhes, these acts of opposition were the acts ol
IN almost Unanimous people. The editor of ,he WI;0
maintains that these acts were not the art. .
me States, in their organized soyereipn,v and ,La.aC,o
re. "er case Is different from that of South Carolina
i MS position is %uAtenable; because, as far as action ,ros
in :, Wv TO Hau'e LeslSdtnTes OF New England participated
n' ihey declared the laws unconstitutional; ,hey re-
,punaen 10 me sentiment expressed by the people in their
Town ana county meetings; and wee looking IN the rI,;.
p ACTON OF The States, in their sovereign capacity.
Du', before they finally acted the part Of extreme rasbncss
the embargo was removed.
following resolution Of the Hartford Convention.
WIZ shew the point 10 which New England was driving
"eSotoed, ihatt II the application OF these States In III.
government Of the United States. r,conm. nd.I INV ,o
foregoing resolution. should be unsuccessful. and ne,ce
nor ID e concluded, and The defence Of these States
e"o"'" ne neglected, AS il has been since lI,e comueuc.
men' OF The war, il will, ia the opinion of This Cnnveu.
be eXpedient for the Legislatures of The s.y.r,I
States 10 appoint delegates TO an liner Convention 70 :"
boston, IN the State Of Massachusetts, on the Third
J. thursday OF June next, with such powers and ins,ruc.
IONS as me exigency OF a crisis so momcnious may re-.
me powers which they supposed themselves 10
possess may be gathered from the following extract from
'ne preamble to the resolutions: When emerqepcies
which are either beyond the reach of the judicial
or TOO pressing TO admit of the delay incident 10
theif iorms, STATES which have no common umnire mus,
ne their own Judges, and execute their o,rn deci,;on. ;,
nn. noes me editor oil the Wing really see such a differ.
B'oB'Ct n tItIT HSsR nhhuc
a law unconstitutional and opuressve and
threatening resistance,--and The same act don. bv agents
~ lorin oil a Convention, which justifies chasuscmeut
!" :. u case ana merits commendali ion in the other ,
hd supposed, that the acts Of the peopI. in their rrin.
~ assemblies, were the most legitimate acts of 49,
~ III deserved The highest considerations. and that ,bcy
were no' u he regarded and stigmatiZed as the proceeJiuGs
o, mons and unlawful assemblies. The facts of the editor
fail.
ihe editor of The Wig Gays, that I have anemp,ed to
draw = moral likeness between the cases Tba .Jio,
10 larry represent my assertion said. that so lar 81
me "c''on OF Congress was concerned, the cases were ilen.
49,, ~ nus, dld not intend 10 be understood tina, the
u me TWO ca'es were Identical, hui that the ryju.
cipfes upon which Congress acted we're The an
'"'eieu d ID cases. IL | were 10 reason en- i,elv from, ,hs
P'oVi'ions oi The bill Of 1879, 10 et force The eI,bsrgo I
y" s"ieIy contend that tho bill vas intended. and Dis
.tot Wv ~ wy Uo'm oil resistance, whether iegniized by
sid'e duhortty or nat, and that it's operations could mo-,
We arrested 10y The secession OF any Statc.-Iet Tho eli
u 'c Wig examine the bill if he plesses. and ,cll
me coul" prevent the President from executing tie
against any FORM of resist Dce' The effort will be
VAN put uiere is no misunderstanding this question. n,
those "ho originated ard supported that hin nnd.r.,nod
'neT own views. j will refer 10 a few OF fife rsna,Ls
.'aoe 10 me deha'e, on the passage Of that bill, TO a.cer-
'an ,"e on CT OF is hiehds, and the forms aud exten, of
they intended 10 overcome.
Mr.. Randolph said" But, at the Same time ,
,he enofls OF tins measure Throughout, the United States I
rust mat mere exists, aud always will exist. within, Die
.o''nIy' d power 10 execute the laws. 1 shall be amoug
lne hrstl 10 rally around them, when the opposite dec,r;nS
- o'cf ''HIy oroached and acted on. cannot see TO
"h"' purpose we are a cOnIederated people; 10 what mn.
pose we have a national gOpernmeuf" VII, 49, IN.
n"''uO'Ph mean by "the opposite doctrine?, Surely. tho
'ocif'ne mat he government had no power TO execute its
iaws' III was replying TO Mr.. Quincy, who had said;
"oiher gentlemen might take their ground: he would
take his-tbat the embargo must he rcne, LII. u,t 49,.
c0ufd MOI eUorceu il. He repeated il: the embsfeo NM,
- ,ePeaied; " could not be enforced Tor any material ne