Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1833-09-17

hhdt diteT ~ many checks hal been in.
p Use upon dehoerdtion in pronouncing the public will.
''er mat VIII vast thus pronounced, that any means. what.
:, =" 's execution" should be withheld" When the
re'auo" d subjects 10 desrotic governments /. understood
qua MI. c'les was OF opinion, tina, the "power, of eree,,.
no" IN the general governnen, "were equal TO those of
'he most deSpouc government at on eatth. /" can Tho. a. 49,
shadow oil a doubt that he believed the yove,n,,cr, IA
ue power to subdnc opposition aud resistance. in vh,,eve,
iorm IL might be offered: Blu, TO s,,.w ,h,, s. ~,
ro' contemplate an excep ion to the case OF re sisiance of
,ereu oy organized state authority, ia the same tp-ecb
20 "a" Again, sir, The fundamental principle OF our
government l.. that the majority shall govern. The
p.m.'p.e y s'o"n aud respected 10y every c,Izen ~, and by
none more than the people Of Massachusetts. ,hev a.
tsub".o respect " I ON their Grad e 20 manhood first, IN
~" !" meetings.; then, in heir Legislature; H. ally.
>" W general government. They kno,c too ,ceH the fa.
ta1 consequences of resisting it," Can here n. ~ me.
In thus expression! Can il be doubted tha, Nr a.
~ ~ '"'hS state resistance any exception 10 the princi-
PIE oil execution Z Clearly no or WHY did no no, .xnr.s.
nis piinc'pie with some Iimi'atior' Agsin he said: "Nor
al u " nave been expected, 81 lhsi ia. Easteun States.
which were the irs' to p 'ess The constim, m MON NJ sr,i
me nave reap.d a golden harvest nom its on.,,ions
s"ou'. De me II :, % Wish TO obsolve themseIv.s from i.s
acieo oohga,ion. ihis is conclusive at his views ann
she" that his object in advocating the hill 10 .utorc. M.
euno"'go was to overcome and subdue all manner OF re.
s's'ance, In any tom, o, by any smi i,v.-,,Lese ex.
tracts are taken from Giles own rrpurt of his s,e.ch a,l
no, from a sen"graphe,'s sketci.)
mr. nia'on sand: e" believe the embai 90 was ,ishl;
mat II was right 10 pass laws 10 enforce il: md h.u..in'
ms. 1 ieei ho hesitation la avowIns IT
Nj. Campbell said -" IL has been said Ly the ocn,Io.
n"n "o', Massachusetts,, (Air. QninrJ } hat The people
u we" England VIII descend upon the ocean-,hai tb.y
VIII not bear this measure. II this lie intended 40 =, ,Lr..,,
~ mr g"norn"" meant HAT the people Of New Eng
ana ae determined TO resist the laws ot tie Union. lei
mn say 50; let us know ii, and we viii act accordin,Iy
-" '", s"Jec', y co"rur perfectly with the gentlemen
no1 r"sin,"' (Mr: R""ioiph,D Mot If .H.N'Y POE-
49, 'r feoPe oppose a public lac, then must he
reduced TO subDiiSsion." Here isa mos, = >n", $780," ~
hon' and no, one OF the advocates Of the bib doubted is
correctness, but acted upon it unhesiistinyly. many oI ,Lc
leading members in both houses a,owing the sam. ,r,nri.
PIE. might muiiply extrat t.; hut w in content u,s.i,
mi'n referring The re'der 10 MIR. j, her,ou's message. ard
me ueba'es upon The question, Tor the turtle r proof of n o
ru" OF my position. The bill passed the senate hv a
vote OF 20 TO Z, and the lower H.. Iv y"
TO %. "yo'"y o' Z"
L think tlat these extracts, connected with the r,c,scx.
isung tue time, inaiutaiD the position which I have ,.Lo,
una' Mr. 'enerson's bill was Intended 10 subdue all oppo,i.
no" " 'esithnce, from States, MODS or insurrectinus-,rd
ne very Tact tha, no exception az to the srtion ~ S.
oy us legitimate authority, although threatened. !. u,aJe
- conclusive pool oil the fact. 1 have spoken tl,o,rj,
nose VINO had The whole subject and all the facts conu.ci,I
with II under the most deliberate nv,s,ipatiou a., 10
me" ,ha' this opinion prevailed subsequently,, 1 will make
TWO o'her quotations., one from a federalist. the other ,,on,
q rep"oican, now distinguished in the ranks OF n~tIiiica.
non In the debate on the bill, TO admit the neopIe oI ibe
! erlltory OF Orleans into ile Uuion, Josiah Quincy ~ hi.
speech in the House OF Representatives. on the H. ~,
rehfuary, 1911, said-'I I'm compelled TO declare il
as o. my uenosra'e opinion, that il this bill passes, the bond
OF ths Union are virtually dissolved: that The sat-
when compose IL are free iron, their moral oblio,.
Mons; and that, as ii Will be the tight of all. so il viii.
" "",y Oh some TO prepare, definitely, Tor Il separations;
hey can, VIOLENTLY, Gthey must" To
ms Mr. Poindexier, OF Mis,i>sippi, (now n nulliferN no
pieu' ne who deliberately Yields the mischief une,Ii.
'auhg mana OF civil commouon will seldom besi,a,e "a II,
the means which he employs to accompGsb a f,vo,i,o oh
Ject. The mind which once resolves on poIitic.I .,ui
eide can never be restored 10 a sense of moral yir,,t t" aI
in,egfty. u True, most true, Oh KingD Again. he said.
"Did Aaron Burr in all the qualifications of his treason,hls
projects ever declare 10 an assembly of citizens ,hat the
states were Tree from their moral ohligations-and that -.
II VIII be the right OF all, so il will be the duty &c som. tn
prepare definitely Tor a separation, peaceably If they can.
violently II they must; No, III: Had such expressions
oeen established, by the evidence Oh his trial, | hazard an
opinion that a very different result would have been pro.
huccd. Perhaps, sir, instead of exile, he would have
been consigned to a gibbet. For, il cannot he concaaist
NhaN lhe language q Tile gentleman Iron, ~ Aoa.l.,.
u accompanied by an overt act, would amount to Irfoson
aGeoinlng 10 aus literal and technical definition in the Con-
siItution OF the United States" This same MI. Po;,Lcy.
ter no,D maintains The doctrine which Josiah Quincy then
maintained and st'g"aizes the doctrine which Himself
'hen maintained, as federal, dcspoiic, SC!
The bill OF 1909, too, was denounced by the federals,s
a. the " bloody bill" the " force bill,' =: the Botasv h,
b''l'' &c. just as the bill passed by the last Congress i
by the nulIilcrs. The Elitor of the vii
cannot sustain himself, by reference to the condiii,u or liz
country during the embargo. If coercive Obedience IN
the laws OF the Onion, when That coercion i. SirNo,a ~
against a Stale, be wrong, then the force bill of 1905 was
wrong; Il was wrong ia principle, because The sovereign.
~ Of Tie State and its legitimate powers are the .an,e
whether III peace or in war; and it The State may MULTI,
or secede al her will, it being her right. no state Of ,hin"s
can impair II, or take il away. The Eastern States. icIhe,
h"' seeded would have been out Of The Union, and no,
parties TO the war; ard the government would lave lad
no moral right to have made Them parties, if The present
doctrines OF the Wing he true. But The bill 10 euforce
the embargo passed nearly four years befnrc tbe w,r 90
that from this argumen the Wing car derive no all n,
the embargo ,cds opprc ssive 10 the New England ocon,e
particularly, as they asserted, then, according to he min.
49, 49, 'lIWf = WI Nc Pnne DtREf a. hill ~
1888, Inc bill To eriorce the embargo should moi have b,cr
phsscd-becanse oppression is the same, whatever m ne
~ circnmstdnces OF the country. VIVA, il the evidence
oi 'e flhuaFgo beng oppressive upon the Now ENGLAND
States! They declared it so. Yet thcy were moi,
,n''led TO be the sole judge. Bat South Carolina declares.
that the tarfHtaws are oppressive, and il is rontepd.J ~;
she must be the exclusive Judge of the fact! Ii is inuos.
s'hie mat any man, upon impartial examination. can an.
prove the MI oi 1909, and %disapprovc that of 1888. On
ID contrary, u either is 10 be disapprovcd il should he tho
till OF 1909; because New England had moi ap,eaI.J ,o
arihs-she had not prepared for war-while South Caro-.
INA having reSor'ed 10 the ultima ratio. could he pronar
" met III no other way, and with no other weapon.
The wings opposition 10 the hill for collecting the teyc
nue. Us consistent witt his present opinions. He maintain.
The principle that n sovereign State may nuIIify = law nj
us '"0o'dlndfe, the Federal Government, and that she
may secede from The Union at pleasure Who vouLd tor
a moment contend that the subject should coetcc tho
scrTc'gn, or that a State in the exercise of her decihcd
figH's shonid be dTubbed into submission? Cett,;nIv ma
one-o"t u the doctrine Of The Wing be G1.e, then ,be
power OF me Federal Government 10 execute lis LAWS is
acknowledged. The power is one thing; the exrediencv
on US exercise another. IL the principle upon which the
south taroiina ordinance was based is wrong. a n
reiieciing man doubt the proprieiy, not TO saw the peccssf
~, of srining the Federal government with su Gicient n.
uorl'y 10 maintain lie dignity, and overcome armed rcsis.
lance! How would Virginia have been content 10 have
PAID her portion ol the federal revenue, while South Caro-.
Ina was exempt? She would not have submitted IN te
dsunciion. IL The tariff laws were unconstitutional ,I,ev
were voih every whefe-but the constituted autbori,es
h'd decided Otherwise, and il could not be permitted ,bs,
nouh Tsto'"a alone should he exempt from their opera.
non, While every other State was b~urtlicned with ,br,,-
! shoull like to understand upon what principle sucb q
state OF ihings could be justified. I can see none.
In quoting The remarks of The Wing upon the proc,s
nation OF such opposite character, had no detf ~ " hat.
ever to wound the feelings Of the Editor This I would
not 30, II could. only intended 10 contrast his OPT.
Mons, atone time, with those OF anoI her-,o sbey ,me rnu.
fannna III n in vyIfel. III .n.n - ll1