Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1833-08-02

joicng, we ought, also, to remember with emotions
scarcely less Intense aud everena that az
ter experiencing the evils OF embarrassing and feeble
Conederacy, framed that Constitution which was ratified
by the people oil the United States TO secure the blessings
OF independence liberty and union TO themselves and
their posteriiy. Greater blessings than indie pendence
berty aud union bestowed by man upon man
and yet have we witnessed period, when some OF the
posertiy OF our glorious would have bazarled
the possession OF these peslimabe treasures TO promote
the Triumph oil pcrnicous sophstfy, m prom sed in
NE Exposition and Protest." which published by
the ordei oil the Legislature in December 1928 These
observations are not made by predatory to csbo
rate investigation OF tho odous iocrue OF Nuica,ion-
doctrine so parsdoxical ionvove in its mere statement
me Papstc contradiction that single State under no
Other restraint than her discretion, can. within her
limits, annul the laws OF Government which the PEG.
pie OF all the States have soennly bound themselves to
obey, rs the supreme law OF the land"-hat State
can exempt herself ION the burthens and participate
in The benefits OF the Union-can he a member of the
body poc and absolve herself from the obligation which
u imposes That these gross rutcs mig Int be sus
tanned, Mhathave we not endured Whilst the accomp
mcnt OF Nuihcaon was in progress, the effect
OF which 1t was alleged, would he peaceful and consu-
'oha remedy Tor our grievances, that
cubs were organized In city and hamlet by whose
irresponsible WILL the Constitution and the laws
iroiedthat thousands OF volunteers were raised holding
themselves ready, at minutes warming 10 march and TO
hght ~ foreign enemy lowering upon our coast
-dt large sums OF money expended by the Legis-
iature Tor the purchase OF and ammunition TO REIN
burse which, we must be heavily taxed-Ihat our youth
were alured from their appropriate avooations and the
softer sex from their characteristic pursuits to mnglo in
were dissolved the ties OF blood asunder and the
domestic circles, where Affection and harmony and CON
hdence should reign, embittered by party rancor-hat
portion oil our citizens prescribed and M
because they would take an unriph,eous and uncon
situ,ional oathhat whole State was conyused 10 s
centreand that the horrors OF civil war were an
ucpaed by those who deprecaedit az the drcst calamity
with which an offending people could be visited by an
avenging Deityi
These fellow citizens, the bitter fruits Of
Nuhhcation. What the benefits which /, has confer
red upon Us! We told. that was re.or,cd 10 in or
der that might hs relieved from the i'm hle
SONS OF an unconstitutional protective tariff vet the
convention which annulled all the protective arin acts
by their Ordinance in November 1882 formally epeaIed
that Ordinance in March, 1888 although tariff act was
'hen IA existence, which enacted that protective duties
should be levied until June, 1912, which thereafter
peinaed by legislation in the event OF uniform duty of
~ per cent, producing revenue beyond the expenditure
OF the Cove nmcnt, which substituted cash i'm lien If
ut duties upon all imports, and which introduc the nno
vaton oil the home valuation OF Imports thus increasing
ny 4o per CENT the amount upon which the duties are
be assessed alter the year 1872 and although that Con-
venion in the "Addrcss 10 the People South Carolina
resolved that until these abuses Uhe protective tariff acts)
shall be reformed no more tares shall be paid here
and IN the Address 10 the People OF the United States
declared eli submit this system of ,Inconsuiona
we shall voluntarily sink into slavery and trans
mt mat ignomnious inheritance TO our children We
VIII no we cannot we dare submit 10 this degrade
ton, and our res0iue is fired and unalferdble that n
protecting tariff shall be no longer enforced tohn The
hm'H @ south Carolina We stand upon The princi
pes 81 everlasting justice, and human pouer shall
a'ue as from our position" That position erheless
has been abandonedthe Ordinance OF Notification found
eu upon The principles OF everlasting Justice" has
oeeh repealed by the Convention which ordained lit
and d protective tariff is "enfoyced trithin The
hm"s Of s. Carolina shall make no further comments
upon me conduct and tho acts Of the Convention Carroll
ma Nopowers~of eloquence could wildly exhibit
ther character, than bare reference 10 what thew
DONE and what they have undone. take no pleasure in
uwe"hg upon so Illuminating topic, and shall quit it,
with simply expressing my ervent hope that our sad ex
peIence OF The evils OF Nucaion and the rejection of
ITS dogmas by every Legislature in the Union which has
oonnered men, may operate as solemn and salutary
warning 10 deter others from Initiating the example Of
those who had they not been driven from their posi
ton, would have plunged their into all the mise
ries oil anarchy and boodshed and civil war and ultimate
y, have subjected themselves to the degradation of sun
mission to the Government which they had resisted or of
dependence upon foreign power
III the Convention which assembled at Columbia in
nrch last had limited their acts to the repeal of their
Ordinance OF Notification, the wounds which have bee n
ihnc'ed upon our distracted State might have been
eu by the lenen hand OF time; the wrongs and injuries
which minority have suffered mig have bee FORGIVEN
or forgotten and, gradually, that armony might have re-
appeared which formerly prevailed among But, un-
fortunately, WIN that Convrn ion iginated another Or
diuance declaring chat The of the citizens Of
TINS sae is due To the said State that ONLY
ana not aiegence is due by them other autlori-
w. ana empowering the general Assembly Of the said
state, from lime 10 time, when they may deem il proper
10 provide for The admin strnion the citizen. and Off
GERS o, me sac, or such OF The officers they may
mink N, oil suitable oaihs ions bidding them 10
The observance OF such allegiance and abjung all other
and also 20 define what ,hali amount 20 A
'o'd on OF heir allegiance and 10 provide proper
punishment tor such viola ion " i'll such an Ordinance
as ms be enforced in the discretion OF the Legislature
to talk OF rights and liberties lie an insult 10 common
sense
am aware OF the argument which is relied upon by
our polcai opponents that test oaths required in
OF me STATES and that State may, sonably
insist that the citizens, in the form OATH shall mani
lest their obedience 10 her Constitution and laws These
positions do not conrOvert. except not TO test oath
IN me abstract but TO the purposes which il has been
aPPe"' Inc edefai Constitution directly ratified
State The allegiance OF citizen of the United States 10
the United States, substantive and obligatory as
that oil citizen OF the State the State Within the
sphere oil Federal Allegiance the United States are SUI
prene within the sphere OF State Allegiance the State
Is supreme Federal and State allegiance are perfectly
consistent; instead OF interfering WITH they mutually
strengthen each other. Notwithstanding the distipc ton
which is drswn in the Ordinance OF the Convention be-
tween allegiance and obedience (suggesied presume
by me same spirit oil plradoxca sub,y as the dogmas of
huIhHcallon) their meanings Identical Allegi
ance is the obedience which every citizen owes 10 the
constitution and tie laws of his country. A citizen of
south carolina is also citizen of the United States
consequently, he owes Allegiance TO the Constitution
and laws OF South Carolina, and to the Constitution
and laws of the United States Should he nevertbeess
be involved in any difficulty proceeding from an apparent
or real variance, between the laws of State and of the
Oned States by the Constitution of the latter the laws
OF the United States made in pursuance of the Const
ton shall be the supreme law OF the Iand" should doub
arse III the Judgment OF the citizen whether law of The
Ohed Ssies has been "made in pursuance OF the Con-
suhon, those doubts by the provisions of the Federal
Constitution, are TO DO resolved in the last resort by the
ederai Judiciary Keeping steadily in view the true
meaning oil Allegiance, aud these provisions of the Cons
utuiion OF the United States, no citizen can be embarras
ed by The subject OF his Allegiance When therefore
ne ode Oy an ordinance, requires her citizens to take
test oath by which they ALLURE all Allegiance excspt
Ing TO herself IL Is obvious that thew must either violate
"a hon