Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1833-04-04

come evident that further protection, beyond
iS42, han that which it conteapiatcs, may
re necessary, can IL DC doubted that, in some
form or other, &c viii be applied, Our misfor-
tune has been, and yet is. that the public mind
has been constantly hcpt In q state Of fcyeri.l,
excitement in respect to this system Of policy.
Conventions, elections, Congress, the public
press, have been for years all acting upon the
tariff, and the tarid acting upon them all
PreJudices have been excited, passious kim
died, aud mutual irrttatiops carried 20 the
highest pitch Of exsspiratiou. insomuch that
good feelings have been almost extinqnished.
and the voice OF reason and sxpc rience siIen-
ed, among the mcmbcs OF the confsderacy.
Let US separate the tariff from the agitating
J o'iics OF the country, place il upon a stable
and hrm foundation, aud allow our enterprs.
i,g cour<rymen 10 demonstrate TO the whole
Union. by their skiiful and succe -sful I,eor,.
the inappreciablc value Of the arts. If they
can have, what they have never vet cnioyed.
some years OF rcposc and tranquility, they
VIII make, silently, moro converts TO the pull
cy, than would be made during n long rcriod
81 anxious struggle and bosterous contention.
Above al, icount upon the good effects resulting
IRON a restoration of the harmony OF this d.
v'ded people, upon their good sense and their
rove oil Justice. Who can doubt, that when
passions have subsidized. and reason has rcsum-
throughout the whole Un,cn 10 render ample
Justice to all its partsi Who will believe that
any section of This great confederacy would
look with indifference To the prostration Of the
INTERESTS OF another section, BY distant and
selfish foreign nations, regardless alike Of the
welfare Of us ail' No, sir; have no fears
beyond 1877. The people ofthe United States
arc brethren, made to love and respect each
other Momemtary causes may seem 10 alien
To hon bat r.. 4. n-
VII terminate in closer and more Affection
ate union than ever. And how much moro
-stimable will be q system Of protection. based
on common conviction and common consent.
and planted in the bosonls oG all, than one
wrenched by power from n reluctant and pro
testing weakness,
That such system will be adopted. il IL
should be necessary for the period OF time
subsequent To lS43, will not doubt. But. in
tho scheme which ] originally proposed ]
did not rely exclusively, great rs my reliance
~ upon The operation Of fraternai feelings,
The return Of reason, and q sense Of Justice
That scheme contained an appeal TO the in
terests OF the South. According to IL, I'M
manufactured cotton was TO be free article
sater le4p. Gentlemen from that quarter
have again and again asserted that they were
indifferent TO the duty of three cents Der
pound on cotton, and that they feared no
foreign competition. ! have thought other.
wise; but was willing, by way of expert
ment, to take them at their word not that
! was opposed to the protection Of cot
'on' Out believing that few cargoes OF TO-
reign cotton introduced into our Northern
ports free Of duty, would hasten our Southern
friends to come here and ask that protection
Tor their great staple which il wanted in other
sections Tor their interests. That feature in
the scheme was stricken out in the Select
COMMITTEES, but not by the consent of NV
friend from Delaware mir. CLAYTON. / or nv
SELF Still, after ls42, the South may want
protection for sugar, for tobacco, for Virginia
coal, perhaps for cotton and other articles.
whilst other quarters may need il for wool,
wooiiens, iron and cotton fabrics and these
mutual wants, If they should exist, will lead.
} hope, 10 some amicable adjustment of a
tarih for that distant period, satisfactory 10
all. The theory Of protection supposes, too.
That after certain time, the protected arts
VIII have acquired such. strength and perfec-
Zion as will enable them subsequently,. unaid.
ed, to stand up against foreign com pc tition.-l
", ne have no doubt, this should prove To
he correct, 1t will, on the arrival of IsI3
encourage all parts OF the Union to consent
70 me continuance OF lenger protection 10
the few articles which may then require it.
The oiii before AZ strongly recommends it.
no one interest, and no one State, by an unjust
sacrifice Of others. 1t deals equally by all.
us basis,is the act Of July last. That ne,
WPs passed after careful and thorough iuyes.
tigation, and long elaboration, continued
through several months. Although il NAV
not have been perfect in its adjustment Of the
proper measure Of protection To each article
which was supposed 10 merit ii, il IL not like
" that, even with tho same length of time
before Us, we could make one more perfect
Assuming the business Of that act, The bill
preserves the respective Proportjons for which
the act provides, and subjects them all to the
same equal but moderate redaetion. spread
ever he loeg space Of nine years. The Sena-
TOR from Massachusetts eoRtends that great
part Of the value Of all protection Is given
UP By dispensing with specific duties and The
principles 81 discrimination. But much the
most valuable articles Of our domestic manu-
features (cotton aud woollens, for example)
have never enjoyed the advantage Of specific
duties. They have always been liakie 10 ad
vaiorem duties, with very limited applica-
ton Of the miuimum principle. The bi,i does
not, however, even after Is42, surrender
either mode OF laying duties. DETERMINATIONS
are expressly recognized below the maximum.
and specific duties may also be- imposed, pro-
Vided they do not exceed IL.
Bhe honorable Senator also contends that
the bill = imperfect, and that the execution
ot u will be impraeticable. lie asks, how J.
the excess above 20per cent. TO be ascertain
cd on coarse and printed eottons, liable 20
minimuma of 30 and IS cents, and subject 10
duty OF Is per cent. I'D ValOrem; aud how
- q 70 b estimated IN the case Of specific
duhesf Sir, u y very probable that the bin
- not PeFfeet, but do not behave that there
y any thing imPraetie abIe in its execution. -
Much will, however depend upon the he'd
OF tho Treasury Department ~ the instance
of the cotton minIauna, the statute having.
by way Of ezceptioa 60 the general nd yaL,.
rem rule, declared, n certain eases, how the
value shall be estiaasted, that statutory value
ought 10 govern; end consequently the ~ per
cent should BE- exclusively deducted FROM the
% PEI cent, being the rate Of duties to which
cottOos generally are liable aBd tie bien-