Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1833-03-07


vdualiy il unquesionsbly char that lille the gorern
ment OF tire Union vested Ia its legislative,
and political departments. the actual sovereign Po,ceT
sides in the several States who their separate
and jisiine, political chascer Hut. bv xpicss pro
vision o. the Cons tuition IL may he amended or changed
by three outihs OF the and each nv
10 The Constitution with this p DIVISION has surrendered its
original rights sorereCJ which made ia ind vidu
al mt necessary Ia oy cnAur IN po,iica e. ~ ion
sAi has placed Ibis 'np in the hands ~ three
Jourths Of he states in ~iicb the sovereignty IF the
Union under the Cons ith i"R - ually de.
Here, then. Nr res d-ut, hive dsrc act now
tdS'h' n IN ac'"rdAr'" with ne iacp'c- have ij
down, that he Sovereignty # he federal sySie, l. not in
mo people o' any one 81 the states Act"C separately "a "
honor bile Srisor crnteuds hut IN hrrr onrhs Of the
states acting concmrenty The honorable Senator has
tod n hr' the paramount ,ow.r controlling he Gene
raj Goveroment reside, where he "reigniy Of the
system resides. The problem ad hy him
tain where hs' dors reside and hare conclusive
solved by his own state, in solemn exposition drawn
up by himsef he plain result thI the paramount
roversgn p"~er not IN the pror" OF any Se, bu
In hree-tourihs Of all The states.
THIS Important document also, in acknowledging that
there B." are 'tco distinct and independent sorereignes
IN our complex organization, recognizes the of
another OF the positions have Laid downfall there is
sovereignty in the United States tie purpo
ses OF the Union we'll sovereignty in the several
Sa'e' Tor state purposes. II has become fashionable of
late 10 deny that there any sovereignty in the United
Eica community and of the orcynni<nt Of the Uni.
ted Siaes) AMI 10 claim ior the States separately an alb
soute, complete and unqualified sovereignty all in.
tents and purposes whatever. Sir this is novelty I'M
known TO tho founders Of tho Constitution and has sprung
4
% inc adopio" OF the Constitutional it distinctly made
known aud universally understood that TO the extern,
which sovereignty vested in The Union that of the
states severay, relnqui>hed aud diminished What
sand sir, by the Convention which trained the Consti.
tuition, in communicating their work TO Congress to
he submitted TO the peoplei The following uneouivo.
cal language is held in the letter addressed by the
Convention to Congress- that OCCASION and signed by
Gen Washington rs President of the Conve non alt i
obviously mpaccabe in the Federal of the Sc
states to all the rights of independent sorercgn
to each and yet provide for the and safety OF ali
indviuals entering into society give up share of
hoer'y 10 preserve the RESI- &c. Let any attempt
he made 10 lessen thu weight of this declaration bv re-
rte.rntng az the expression of the individual
OF n Washington, by whom the letter was signed. The
drAt ot the letter carefully prepared under the
oihe Convention, by the Committee which was char
ged with giving the final TO the clf and
no'h were sanctioned aud adopted by the Convention
tho time Ii was then the solemn explanation of their
own act by the Convention themselves made known 10
inc people, and understood by them when tho States
Ned and adopted tho Constitution
But sir let u' trace this little further Among
T I"n.Shpor"y puollc@tionF, explaining and
nennS me new Consuiuon the essays Of the Federal
t az well for the distinguished ability with which tcv
we're written as Tor the high character of tho authors.
OF w"o, were members OF the Convention which franz
eh the Contribution were universally cad and proCounl
" eonFidered. In the letter Of Mr.. Jefferson TO Mr.
Gerry, extract of which wa, read tho otor H., b.,
the honorable Senator from Pennyvania mr. D,aN !,
sara with great force and propcty that the Consitu
ton should always br understood ri, IN. soo - ,;L
was advocated by its iirn1s aud iop ed nv the S,os
NOW SIR lie" as see in what light il presented tn the
people In reference 10 this ,esou ct STATE soyereionv
I'D he II
YER o. thr federai'St ottnE would have been better
calculated 10 procure - ready adop;ion bv a Site.
man to have told them thai II LEFT hc sovereignty enir
yun'mPAref Fu' 81, is honest AMI enIrl euel alvo
Gates 'he writers of the Ferolis' a,trmp,ed mn sch
rrnon on mo g'oi sense Of The people. They tod diem
dis'ncly. tia, Sovereign in the Union and con,na,
l1h'P'ndrrce In tn" members are things r, m,
irr"eone lshle'-Fed No is - F'e '
IN the io'h NJ Of that publication where Mr. M,di.
son - noticing The objection that the new constitution
would eurtail The States Of some important
,ov"reignty, Instead of denying the claroo AZ ib,
nave been polite 10 DO In order appease tho Jealousy
state pride, he boldly admits and iustifes the fact He
trEihe people OF America thaif il he demonstrated that
mon necessary to secure their happiness,
20 secure them aSiinst foreign wars. against
contention among the States Violent oppres
"v1 factions against overgrown military establishments
run against MI The other naneless ill- thN would he
Inevitable cons"T"ee OF separation, il is idle 10 object tr
onIn'pn' Ni'non which that Union be main.
thed that 1t would curlil tho States portion of be
sovereignty On the contrary he adds that en- far a. C
erhce OF portion Of State sovereignty shall he
~ 10 Unc OBJECTS OF the Union thus sheyn IN he ind;s
Pcnsablc to the happiness OF the peoplr e voice I
gool citizen must b., let the sacrifice he made. Sir ,hy
tcGc was freely made TO the extent required by tho
gree" ooec oil the Uno" but all that portion of sovereign
not necessary 10 he in the Union for those hgI
Pp''e' sh' remains uunpaired in States
IN p"r'utnce OF This leading truth, the Language ba
htaIIy used in the Fedcralist 10 characterzc e SOW.
rrgniy Of The States, is the resdl1yy soverciqntv nj
rio So, OF me Porhon o sovereignty remaining ir
ne STATES alter hat WHICH is surrendered TO the Union
In rapidly gIancog Ihis celebrated collection fnl
expression re'dnary sovereignty of the States" A.
"S'h"nSheh from nplete and ed
~, used in three several numbers mo 20 "a 60 81
written ny Mr. Madison, who's, puidauce I conC.ss +
h"'ys follow with peculiar confidence for M man from
INC reMon ," which he stands the constitution, can y,
Tp'eu 70 ne more thoroughly imbued with its true phi
'"'"Phy' u u remarkable circumstance AZ evincne
Tie unYarying fidelity of Mr. Madison's mind n This G,,
e.' rn" oil partial surrender of sovereignty b,
we states, that at the distance of more than ten
ron lhe pnication Of the Federas in his celebrated
report OF The Virginia Legislature of 90 he again se.
me same form OF expression the residtayu soysrrgnty
OF the States" " y 'o'e'e'S"S
SIR That Report, in recognizing as IL do.s tLe o.
Pe'9 ,eT'h'' " me sovereignty Of the United States -
wen ~ IN aunbuiing 70 the several States re-
,"lpy soVereigny only, shows that the idea Of ar
'oi'e ana umIminished sovercigniy still remaining II
e states was ss little entertained by the fathers o Inc
Ponuc"' church, from which the Senator from y Cotoln,
Poes'es 10 derive his tepets a. by the founder. and o
gud advocates Of the Constitution In farther iu.trator
VI 'I' poh'' since Virginia authority has grown yer,
mo vogue, may DC permitted 10 refer 10 the all
" ,ne Legislature OF Virginia TO the people Of ,hs
80, "mSh accompanied the famous resolutions of Os
"Ht address, generally supposed IN be the
OF John Taylor Of Caroline A. ihorou going cannor
o. 9'''e rights as the Senator from South Carolina coulc
""Ie' we una Tho following decIaraiion-"It was thor
Hueu ihat the state sovereEntiep w. ere ONLY J,u;b
90 by powers specifically cuumer1ted or necessary I,
"'y 'he 'Perih"d powers into effect thu,
bad been diminished. Wv law ''o'B''"e'
or cAim myseIf to he al humble but devoted .ci
pie OF ms good old schoo Of '0s and 90 and ,ishi
Pe"k' were proper to do so Of some little opportun
nave enjoyed Of being instructed i'm ts orirines n,
NC E'ea men who were its teachers and f,unders
o'h 'ne'r doctrines, cir, as do their fame with re-.
'nd VIII adhere TO them with nv latest breath
- :, "e'sVs m and vdu: those doctrines utterly 70.
~. Wv ,Pu'iou7 interpretations which have been ae1pt.
." uPon them ny mOlcrn schnasts and cop,cnt,,r, ~
pl