Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1833-02-12

the question from which IL has originated not limited 10
single State but extends 10 entire section OF the
country and among the unhappy results of the application
OF tOce there is to fear that from controversy
between the General Government and snole STATE !,
would extend TO conflict between the great sections
OF the country and might terminate in the destruction OF
the Union itself
But, Independent of the danger thus unprecedented and
even admitting that the dreaded calamity might
not result from the employment Of force as contemplated
still II would produce throughout the southern country
stale oil feeling towards the Government, and deep and
settled hostility against the other sections of the Union
which every patriot would depore, and which every
statesman should earnestly endeaver 10 prevent Ina,,
enced by these considerations and anxious avoid if
possible the hazard of ci, war or blooshed vour
committee in the bin which they herewith submit pro
pose to enlarge the powers and give additional strength 10
the process ol the United States courts i'm the hons ,
the energies OF the Government, acting through its iudi
cai tribunals, may prove ahundanty competent to the
emergency.
Ours is essentially government of laws and their en-
lorcement must mainly depend enlightened public
opinon So long, then, the laws are mild and inst in
their character, and equal in their onero
wc need no other guarantee Tor their execution than the
virtue and Intelligence ct the people When, therefore,
law is made by the Government SO oppressive and Il.
srucu,o TO the interests OF tue people of one of bese
States, TO determine them TO it, at ereyy hazard
II evidence of the justice of their complaints which
should not be dsrcgarded and it is the bounen duty of
the Legislature instead OF devsing rigorous means IN On
force it, to modify the obnoxious law.
Such isn the with South Carolina, and in
to the unanimous testimony OF her own people and If
very large portion OF the people of the southern State. AZ
TO the injustice and oppression OF the tariff laws she il
tanned by great number oour fellow hrophou,
the Union. fhe President, too in his message AZ the
commencement of the present session earnestly inprcsseJ
on Congress the justice and importance OF altering aud
mOanyhg me laws III question:; and your committee have
no doubt that II the of the Chief Nagis
ae are carried out by the passage OF the bill reported by
the Committee oil ways and Means il will tend moro ef
tecualy TO aay the excited feeling of the South 10 arr
rest the crisis with which threatened and IN res,or
harmony 10 happy Union, than anv ,royis;o,
which can be adopted Tor the removal of cus,or
clothing the courts with additional powers or invasion b
heets aud armies But should Congress still refuse to Weld
N he tatnfa "A
That feeling OF Kindness and Cancellation so m
the preservation OF this great conlederacy cease IN
It's influence; and should the laws now ian force tooe,h.
WIN The provisions contained i'll the bill herewith repor
ed be evsded, successfully resisted by the State Of
Carolina, then, and not til then in the opinion Of vomr
committee, will il he time the Repre srn,ativee az H.
American people to consider and decide that mos.
and deeply interesting queston-the right of the
government TO reduce one OF the sovereign members of the
Union TO obedience TO its laws by military forcea
er, let II be remembered, that several times
TO De given IN the formation of the Federal Constitution
! The committee have made no provision Gor tho ror,o,
OF custom houses, and eXaction cash duties "a SUGGEST
ed by the President Such regulations, especially the
Latter they conceive would be in violation of those caus.
OF the Constitution, which declare that all duties i'm
posts, and excuses shall he uniform throughout me Tr,t
ed States, that no preIereuc. shall n, ,y h
regulation OF commerce TeUenue, the ports of one
State over those of another To require the duties an
goods brought into the ports of State to be paid
and to allow credit upon those imported into the others
"ouu ne enurey al variance with that uniformity thus re-
CURED by he onslu'ion, and give a decided adj
vantage 10 thoSc ports where the
over those where cash payments are enforced il wouLi
do more; it would be virtually denying TO citizens Of one
State privileges which enjoyed by those OF anoihet
The merchant at Charleston must nav the custom hons.
duties receiving his goods while The ercban, =, So
vannah is allowed credit OF from three to twelve onis
Is tins uniformity Do these merchants enjoy equal mi
! vileges - F''
This objection is attempted be obviated by allowing
deduction oil the interest, when the duties are eouired ia
he paid in cash. But whern the merchant who Uoud
be willing to such an arrangement Where is the man EN-.
gagged trade who content with profit OF six per cent
on his capNd IL there he indeed difference between
the present system o. credits aAd cash p.ymens with
deduction oil SIX per cent, why does Congress al
abolish the former, aud avoid only the expense and
trouble, aud litigation, Occasioned bv Inc =,
cus'oh-ouse bonds, but secure the Government aqains,
The immense losses annually, almost daily occurring bv
the failures CT importing merchants, and their sur e,.;
Inc committee doubt whether the importing merchants
wouu consent 10 pay cash duties, they offered
deduction OF double the legal interest Indeed bcre can
ne but little doubt that many OF the merchants even OF
Chdeson would land their goods at Savannah and inc
the expense ncony and additional hazard of re-
shipping them, rather than be subjected TO the payment nj
the duties in cash. AssuTedly the merchants nj The in
terror would not hesitate which these ports The
would under these circumstances order their foods l.
II not perfectly obvious, theu that by this res uation OF
revenue, Congress would present strong inducements for
the landing OF goods savannah in preference to Chares
tom and thus give decided advantage 10 the one MORT
the other And any believe that if such rem.
auoh were established and long maintained that would
not eiectudy ruin the trade OF Charleston as lhouc
that port blocladed, aud the entrance OF merchant
vessels entirely prohibited!
But II may said, these regu atons are general
wat no particular State is e that II they sppV 10
South arcDa it III qucuce # her ow ac, and
mat thoy VIII be equally applicable any ether Stale
winch stall assume ne came aude. Tie plain
10 this argument u.s. that the Cons las not given Il.
Cong jhe power make Distinctions under
circumstance or under any circumstances: he yrOvi-
sons oil the Constitution broad, general aud unud
/ fed.
/ Adming however, for a moment tie rover i'm oues.
non 10 exist he committee OF opinion he * r
else OF It III ihe manner proposed, would opera wi pc.
cu.ar injustice There are il is well stood nuns
Der oil merchants OF CharestOn, who outstanding The
ordinance OF south Carolina, viii continue to import Iicit
goods inO that port, give their Onds pay the IN a.
heretofore Now would il he contrary to tie very
spirit and genius OF Government thai on account OF
tie acts OF the State aut O ies even OF the gre at body
oil The state, these individuals should be deprived mi
yileges 'ecured 10 he cl'iLens OF other S aics?
The considerations afc, with yoHr committee concli-
sye against the proposition for the exaction cash duties
aud, the removal OF the custom houses seems 10 ha,
efectual the committee consider it entirely
TO provide Tor such removals
The committee have not deemed il necessary TO enter
INTO many Of the important questions presented by the
documents which have been referred to them The y
nave confined themselves particularly The sug-
gesiions OF the President the alterations aud oi.
cations necessary for eiectuay securing the collec-
ton OF the revenue, and they have considered due ia
themselves and to the House. well as the high sourc
from which these suggestions proceed state the consi.
deraonS by which they have been governed in reporting
the Dill which Is herewith submitted
u =->------~------S-~----
i From MExGco.-The ,ch'r Tepcyac, at New ~
leans, sailed from EZRA Cruz, Jan OH and brought ado
ces rom Mexico City to the Si The New Orleans Co,,
Gen Pedraza, the newly made President had not We,
taken his seat "'' ye'