davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1833-06-05

placed themselves in easy and desirable circum-
stances. The Gold - found IN Carol 10 the
Brancs hill. and vein deposits. AMI she can boast
Of richest surface vet discovered IN the State,
from the plentiful branch mining ground, and
the richness of the surface.
The Veins have not yet been fairly tested. Ma.
jOr Jones has been induced to make small ex.
pertinent an his lot. We have seen the vein, since
he has bored about sixty feet perpendicular, and
tunnelled perhaps as far horizontally, and 1t is
very rich indeed, SO much 40. that II is not un.
common to see particles Of Gold on the surface
Of rocks, and fiud it in great abundance in the
dirt thrown out Of the vein. The Major has
been doing SO we'll on the branch and surface,
that he has not yet furnished himself with the ne
cessary machinery tor operating his vein mine
to any extent. further than bare experiment
Gold in the Cherokee Country.-ln 1880 many
disco, series we're made in this country, and from
the limited manner in which the Indians opera
ted for it, and the great abundance in which they
found it, the whole country was soon inundated
with trespassers from various paris Of the Uniun,
aud 50 extensive we're their operations that the
legislature had to pass a law organizing a con.
slant guard for the protection Of the public pro-
perry from private destruction.
The 18Th, 18th, 18th, 18th dist, in the lst sec.
are all included in Lumpkin county, and all vau.
able for the discoveries already made; the min-
Ing operations here IRE now extensive and in
creaslng daily, the gold is pretty much the same
as that Of Habershan in size, quantity aud value,
the local deposits are abnut the same, the golden
veins through this country seem to pass almost
IN direct line f.om thi, to Carroll, and between
the Observation-Disclosures and Etoah; there are some
valuable mines in Forsyth county. Cherokee
county includes the celebrated Skies Mines, and
nanv others which makes it little inferior 10
LumpSin. Cass county includes the Alatuna
miucs, which have so much character for their rIch
ness and value. Some valuable discoveries have
been made in Cass for the last few weeks; the
principal new discoveries there, have been ia the
richness Of the surface.
Pauid'ng county, which is bounded on the south
by Carroll, contains many valuable mines, the
most n'ed Of which is in the third district of the
third section; there is vein of blue lime.
stone that crosses between the mines in Cass
| county aud those in Paulding. and the size OF the
PARTICLES. and fneness Of the metal, seems ia
change abruptly from .hat of Habersham and
Lumpkin, to that described in Carroll The
mlnins operations in Padding are vet limited.
thoush from our personal knowledge Of the value
of some of the mines there. we have no doubt
but they will be soon extended, and probably
| conducted
Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1833-06-05
(From the A,raria Geo, Herald
EORGIA GOLD REGION.

A few mine. of some nOturiety were discover
ed in Raoun county, in the fall of 1929, aud
spring of 1850. The mines .nCluded 10 that
county are few, and the precious metal principal
" confined to branch deposits; the gold is found
in iarye particles, and varies in value at the up
country markets, from seventy to eighty five
cents per dwt About the same time there were
a great many valuable discoveries made 10 lla-
bersham county, in branch, hull surface and vein
depos;tes, which soon attracted the principal ca.
nitalists in the country, and the most valuable
lots we're purchased at large prices, aud the bu-.
siness Of mining has been more improved on in
that county than any IN the State. The apparent
inexhauslbity Of the treasure, which is welt cat
culated to stimulate the most lethargic among US,
has caused the proprietors Of the mines in that
county. to venture sufficient capital. TO conduct
the business in a manner, mt only profitable to
them and the country, out reflects upon them
much of the credit which is SO justly due TO en-
terprise in such beneficial undertaking. Ha.
bersham can tr.lv boast Of the largest specimens
of Gold which have yet been found in Georgia.
Its value is quoted at about the same as that of
Rabun county, and the Louisville and the Nc
Ldughlin mines. are not exceiled In richness by
b, any in the United States.
Hall county too has some valuable mines.
though principally confined to ridge veins which
nave not yet Oeeu Opeidteu WI 'c'y eNVhSi'e's
The celebrated Elrod mine, has been leased for
a term Of years to company OF N. Carolina
gentlemen, viz: Col. Fisher and Dr. Austin,
who are preparing for extensive operations; the
lot on Chestatee owned by Beers. Booth and St.
John, and the lot in the same neighborhood,
owned by Col. Calhoun and Gibson, are both
attached to this county; the operations upon those
| lots have been very extensive and prOttable:
there ATE several others 10 that neighborhO0d
that are doing well. Some gold has been found
in Gwlnnett county, but we believe toa limited
extent, only one lot has been discovered that
will pay wages.
In Catrol county. there were many valuable
disc overies made about the first of June, 1880,
and the business Of mining is carried on there in
manner unprecedented in any other part Of the
state, except in Habersham, where the region is
,ouch more extensive. We believe that the Car
roll Gold. although the PARTICLES are very small,
Is gwen up to be the purest yet discovered in the
United States, and thasgh the Gold Region there,
is embraced in few miles square, such has been
the reward to the honest iaborer, that many who
were poor and INDECENT, in three years time have
Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1833-06-05
DuIing the month, 9 clear days


NoTE.-Ths month has been remarkable for
long continuance Of humidity and rainy wea-
Their, and is entirely unprecedented IN any Tor
mer record on our journal; inasmuch as there
was but one thorough clear day during the month,
which was the first.
The heavy rains with which we have been vi
sited, have been general in every section of the
continent, and in some instances have produced
greater rise of water than at any former period.
Great damage to property, as is usual OIL such
occasions, has been the inevitable consequence.
Vegetation of every kind has attained a rapid
growth. and only requires the heat of the sun to
bring il to speedy perfection.
While at this period the inhabitants of this
city and the surrounding nsighborhood are in thr
full enjoyment of health, it is a melancholy Tact
that thnse OF the extreme South and West are
now afflicted with the Cholera. 1t is not impro
bab!e but this disease may revisit those places
on the Atlantic sea.board that suffered by it the
last summer. The same means, care and eau.
ton. adGPted here 10 time, the last season, to
promote cleanliness, in and about our dwellings,
viii! undoubtedly operate TO ci, Ok the disorder
thus season, as has already been fully proved in
several places to the Westward, where it made
its appearance during the past and present
months. 1t is, however, a source Of much salts
faction, TO be enabled to state, that the Cholera
this year is Of mider type than it was the last
that 1t yields readily to the operation Of medi
cine-and that the deaths. which have occurred
by an attack of the disorder, are less numerous
The brilliant Aurora Borealis, which occurred
on the evening Of the i7th, appears to have ex.
cited universal attention.
MUSEUM. MAY3l. 1888.
Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1833-06-05
COMMERCIAL.

LIVERPOOL MARkET-ApRIL SO.
M change In the prices Of Faxseed or Glover
seed, and operations in both extremely limited.
The Grain Market was steady. and full prices
obtained for Wheat; not much done in Flour,
but previous rates realized.
Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1833-06-05
ALEXANDRIA,, Cd. CO.
WEDNESDAY MORNING, JUNE S. 1853.

The proposition introduced into the British
Parliament. to remove the civil disabilities un.
der which the Jews now labor in all countries sub.
iect to the lass Of England, received, as it has
been, with favor, will most probably be finally
agreed to by both houses Of Parliament. A re-
suit So honorable to the iberality and good sense
Of the nation, will be hailed every where as a ia
vorable indication Of the spread Of the rights Of
conscience and the principles OF religious liberty.
Ii is particularly proper, as coming from the peo-
pie Of England. No where else have the Jews
been nore oppressed and burthened-no where
for longer time held in subjection. Front de
Brars treatment Of Isaac, is but single illus
tration of the tyranny exercised over the descen'
dauts oi Abraham for series Of years before and
after the reign Of Richard the LIST. Indeed, the
progress Of civilization and the extension of
knowledge. have scarcely effected any ame'iora'
ton in the condition of those upon whom it was
found useful. in the darker ages, to visit the sins
of their ancestors at Jerusalem. We may now,
however, reasonably indulge the hope that I" the
ancient and peculiar people are once more to
rank, at least. as equals with other men. The
ant,cipatio:s of some extend even farther than
this 1t is said that this is to be but The first
movement in grand undertaking, to result in
the establishment Of kingdom in Judea, and
again to give the lsraelites name among the
nations of the earth" How ardently must this
dispersed and despised people pray for this hope
to BE- realized, And who can Indulge in IT,.
contemplation Of such an event, without having
his feelings strongly interested in their tavor?.
In these "weak, piping times Of peace,
now that the mine days wonder" of the Ran
dol pm affair is over, with the exception of mur
der now and then, and the trial consequent there
on, the world i, absolutely barren OF ne'rs, and
the guid names seek 10 vain for sonnet. ing 10 sup
ply their unsuitable and everlasting curiosity. IL
| is what people generally call dull. and editors,
the purveyors and caterers for the public, are
though, now to have their hardest task. Perhap:
in one sense this Is true: but in many respects il
, is erroneous. How much more pleasant to cul
the G.ners Of literature than to collect the re
turns of votes aud the results of e.ections!-
How far more delightful to watch The eagle flight:
Of genius than the SIS signs Of the times" AM
the rise and fall of parties! How much more
gratifying to note evidences Of peace, content
ment and prosperity. Than TO chronicle the move
ments Of armies, to detail the plans Of cam
paisns, and lament over the ruin Of cities an,
countries.
Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1833-06-05
METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS.
Taken at the .alerandria Museum, May, 1883,
By T. MouNrFoRp.
APPEARANCE OF THE WEA-
Their, sc.

Clear. gentle breeze
Cloudy, humid, hazy, s,nky
Fair, hazy, humid
Cloudy. humid, showery
Smoky; Locust trees in BIN
Cloudy, hazy, sm'y, oppr at
Clear, hazy; Ist gr peas IN IN
Clear, fair, ell atm, ~ brze
d. Strawberries in mar
Cloudy, humid, mod rain
Showery, ely; by rain all n
Ait ely, shovery, hazy, fair
Ditto Freshet,
Cloudy, hum, w by rain
Showery, cloudy, hum, hazy
ely, hum, by rain, hh tides
Drizz'e, cloudy, fair, calm
ely. sultry; bril- Au Bo ! mt
rhun gust. fair. hazy, op ht
ely; tn gust n. by IN this d
Fair, CIV, hum, by thun gust
Clear. fair. bracins atmos
CLOUDY, humid, rain
Ditto bleak wd
lCly; very heavy rain all ! q
ely, far. pleasant and mod
Fair, showery; tn gust nj
ICIy, hum. fair; til gust J mt
Heavy rain. cloudy, tn gust
Clear, hazy, fair; brac atm
.lC.oudy
Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1833-06-05
MARRIED.,

BY the Rev. Mr. Jones, on Thursday evening,
3prh ult., Mr CHARLES RAMSAY. OF Raleigh,
\. c., to Miss CAROLINE H., daughter Of Col,
Il. ASHTON, of Washington.
Al Richmond, Va, ON Tuesday evening, by
the Right Rev Bishop Moore, Thomas GREEN,
Esq , TO Miss MARY RoAxE RrrcHIE, second
daush,er Of Thomas Richie. Esq all Of that
city.
Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1833-06-05

~ The early arrival Of the Mail every night
comprls Us to put our paper to press at a time
soon enough to meet it. Our advertising custom
ers would, therefore. much oblige US by leaving
their advertisements during the Summer at the
office as soon in the evening as they can make it
convenient
Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1833-06-05
James y. GWMneN. NJ. ID.
DENTIST.

RESPECTFULLY informs the citizens and visit
N. CTS OF Alexandria tina, he may be consulted at
A., Ne~'on's Hotel on the FIRST and third wednes
every month, from O'Clock A. N until Pm
N. re addressed to DIR. At his office between
United States Bank and the Presidents ouse.
City, or left at Mr.. Newton's Hotel, Al.
S'~s a. VIII De punetually attended TO.
Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1833-06-05

The Mails eau be sen, to the Pacific Squadron
by the ship ST. Peter. to sail from Baltimore the
18th Of June. aud TO the Mediterranean squad.
ron by store ship. which is expected to sail b..
tw cen the 5th and 18th Of June, from Baltimore
Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1833-06-05

W. The Board Of Managers Of the Savings
Fund Institution meet This Evening, at O'Clock. vi
their Room on Fairfax, Prince street.
June X. JOHNSTON, Jr. Sec'y.
Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1833-06-05
EPThe National Republican Voters of Prime

Georges County, Maryland, arc requested to Assem-
BILE at the several places for holding elections in said
County. Saturday. the 22d instant, for the purpose
of elec'ng three Delegates to meet at Upper Marble
rough the Saturday following, (the 90 h) then and
there To nominate four candidates to be supported as
members of the General Assembly
Prince Georges County, June S.
Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1833-06-05
SALES At AUCTION.
BY WILLIAM D.. MUTT.
Hanasome Furniture b Books

1T AUCTION
M Thursday next 18th instantly ut 10 o'clock, will
~ be sold at tn Mrchsnics' Bank, variety Of very
handsome FURNITURE, consisting in part Of
Mahogany Sid.board, Secretary & B,pk Case
Wardrobe, Tables, Bureaus, Work Stand
Wash Stands t~o Msntei Glasses. Carpets
Prints. Inside Window Blinds. Vases
Sets China, Sofas. Lounges, Chairs, &c &c.
With an excellent Library Of Select Books.
by order Of the Trustees Of e Chaplin.
june Its Wa d. MUTT, Auct.
" The Furniture, Books, &c. will be open
for the Inspection Of ladies and gentlemen This Day.
from ~ O'CLOCK \ until Up ~ june
Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1833-06-05
hAmber Yard Warehouse, *
TPH3RTES

CALCULATING 10 p,r>le the, RoDemakinr Bu,;-
- vs. IT'S ny desire 20 c,Ose N. prescn, business
40" - pnssroie I viii therefore dispose of my
- 81 LUMBER. consisting OF boards, Plank,
I"W'c shingles &c nc; aud w,ii reu, my
"'HSS' Lun3er Yard. ani Warehouse. ON reason
- 't'mS JOSIAH u. DAVIS.
Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1833-06-05
Alexandria academy

vTNHE Trustees of the Alexandra Academy announce
i 10 the public that they have elected Mr. II I.
CRossox Prncpsl of said Academy; and that this In
stitution Is now open for the reception Of ssudens.
The course of instruction will embrace the Greek and
Latin Classics. the french Language. end all the
branches Of 9 complete English Education.
TRUsrEn:
Rev ELIts BAnRIsos, President.
Rev: p Ippe,t r. Thompson,
Robert I. Taylor, VIM. C Gardner,
Edmund I. Lee, Charles A Alexander,
Hugh Smith, VIM. L. Ho1gson.
John Lloyd.
apr ao-eod WV. L. HoDGSoN, sec'y:
Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1833-06-05

For Boston.
az The schooner FORNA-Y. N Percival, mas
@Z& ter For freight apply to The captain board,
or 10 A. C. CAZENOVE & Co.
For sale, on board Of the Fornar,
so tons Plaster
600 bushels Eastern Potatoes june 4
Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1833-06-05
pubiio sale.

QY virtue Of q Decree rendered by the Circuit
Ii Superior Court of Law and Chancery for tho Coun
ty Of Prince William. the suit Of Hugh smith against
PEARSON Chapman, Executor of George Chapman, de.
ceased, and others. shall, the 9th day of April,
1885, the premises. proceed to sell, in two or more
parcels,
a6ssx A TRACT OF LAND called Able.
$780, VILE. purchased by George Chapman from
~ Hugh Smith II tiles in the County Of Prince
AESA William, about one mile below Haymarket.
1t is su opposed contain about 1900 Acres by estima.
tiun The Fsuqier and Alexandra Turnpike Road.
the Thoeoughfsre Turnpike Road, snd the road from
Hay msrket to BrentsviiIc, pass through it. There
"a LARGE DWELLING HOUSE upon the land.
IT will be sold credit Of one, two, three, four
and five years. in equal instalmepts. with interest from
the date. Personal security and deed Of trust will
be required to secure the payments. general war
ranty deed will be made by Hugh Smith and wife to
the purchasers. INMAN HORNER,
ITO. FOSTER,
jan IS -w,8Apr Commissioners.
~ The above Sale is postponed till Saturday,
the 4lh dav OF MAY next apr li--Uis
~ The above Sale is further postponed till
Friday. the DIST of June Texn
may 81 lwt2IstJune
Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1833-06-05
New Hr9t aid -hne store,

Opposite Mechanics' Bank
tsN"A"b Y, Jko,> resp, c. fully informs The pub.
~ nc That he has commenced the manu- 'ac,ure of
M BOOTS AND SHOES,
- NJ his Store as above, and has now on hand =
~ general assortment OF his own and Northern
= Hs"ut 'eture, and is prepared to make to or
-, &" neat and substantial manner, any description
ale prices A'1 -
u1"S'n to the public for the patronage already
he >'hcits its continuance, ss It is his purpose
aT MS utmost exertions to please those who may
am Call or favor him with their orders; and his
b.UI knowledge Of the business in al, its various
rr, luz; Is guarantee OF his sbilt, to give sstsfac
nav Cocoon
Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1833-06-05
I've CreAm.

YNSIE subscriber has great pleasure in being able TO
K inform he lsflie, and gentlemen that he is now
Pre- pared to furnish them with ICE CREAM every
day during the SESSION, at his CONFECTIONERY, in
style more unexcapionaole and agreeable to the
public thai tnfore. AMI in greater accordance
with his own sense Of proprietv.
fresh supply Of double refined Lemon Syrup, Just
received JOHN d. HEPBURN.
June 4 St
Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1833-06-05

~ the following members were assigned to the SC.
veral Districts OF the Town:
James P. Coleman, south of Prince, east Of Water
Charles Pascoe. do do Water to Fairfax
James NcKerze, do do Fairfax to Royal
Jno. Gre h,on, do do Patrick west
Jno ID Harrison, do do Wash'n to Patrick
Samuel II. Larmour, do de Royal! to Wssh'n
Thomas Vowel, north Of King, Royal to Fairfax
Thomas l.. Martin, do do Fairfax tor Water
Sias Reed, do do Water to River
Samuel Bartle, Go do Roy al to Wssh'n
John r. Cowman, do do Wash'n to Henry
NJ Snyder, Jr. d3 do Henry to West
Thomas Davey, Pitt, between King and Prince, east
Adam Lynn, Pitt to Alfred
Jno X berts, Alre d to West
At previous meeting, for officers of tho Board,
there were chosen-
ADAM INN, President
JAMES NcKEszIE, Secretary.
JoRs JOHNSON, Messenger.
The following order was passed. and ordered to DE
published
ORnHnED. That the members Of the Board Of Health
proceed forthwith in the discharge Of their respect
i've duties June 5-5t
Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1833-06-05
SHIP NEWS.
PURT OF ALEXANDRIA. IN. c. J

ARRIVED. JUNE 4,
Brig Rubicon, DeIaNay, Georgetown; TO fla.
ish loading.
SAILED,
Schooner Convoy, Cro~ell, New York.
Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1833-06-05
hoard Of Nealth.

4 T citing fthe Board Of Health, June 3, 1888,
~ the believing members were assigned to the sc.
veral Districts OF the Town:
Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1833-06-05

sicily demons.
r ~ Roxps. in prime order, landing ON the schr.
~ ~ FornaZ, from Boston, and for sale BY
june4 s. MESSERSMITH.
Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1833-06-05

may 22-1swtf
ur The Fredericksburg Arena and Warento
Spectator will publish the above once week till for
bid and send their accounts to Foote, Aiexsndris
The Rhode-Island Republican. [volume] (Newport, R.I.) 1809-1841, 1833-07-17

Ifthat is Religion which is saiea-
bic article to tho DiREcr amount Of up
wards of S20,OoO,00o yearly in these u.
nited States--noi to mention The cnor-
nous indirect amount which-accrues to
iss bireling yenders--if this is Religion
then we most deyouly pray now, as we
hive ever prayed, than sc may never
possess it
A Religion that is diyiue--like the
pure genuine spirit Of loyo-shoulJ
spring spontaneously from the heart und
soOl.-LiSo the noble spirit Of Love, it
sho9'd be above price.--Libe the excited
spirit Of love, divine religion should
stand aloof from aughi ihaiis sorlid, sell
fish, OF sroseliug, aud commune with
Intelligence, Virtue and Truth
AT present we shall conclude wiih the
friendly admoniuon Of ,heworhy Jtsus.
who warns the people TO "beware oi
false prophets" or in other words, hire
ling priests, (which come to you ia
shoep's clothing, bnt inwarAly they are
ravening wolves PROTEUS.
P.S. We did not resume the subject
Of Averyism because We wished 10 max,
room for other correspondents whose
articles have been some time on hand
We shall take i, up next week. p.
The Rhode-Island Republican. [volume] (Newport, R.I.) 1809-1841, 1833-07-17

,of mercy hide HIM ia Tin grnyc bat lst
hiin livs TO fceI'ill storm nfindignn,io,
lh'as, him ia slic light Of life let tho
curse of couscIeice ard tho frowns Of
community blast him--lel the ghost of
bis own crime pursue hi,r through every
lnne OF life, ncr oHrc miss fhe track lct
the tears of the friends Of the murdered
GIRL scorch his soul wi.I the flames Il
conscious gul.--lelh bin neyer'be blessed
with the smiles of n female, or find scot
ely among nny class Of men but knnves
aud ndhypocriies-.le hs bosom companion
Iscorch him with her tears, lei his daugh-
tiers look upon him with horror, and !is
sons with astonishment-; let generations
nnborn rise up aud call him cursed; lei his
Icbildreu's children 90 the third aud
fourth generation speak uf him as tue
IMAM whose cfine had stained bis name
even down to their day. Yes, if ho IS
guilty of the black, The heart less, tho
cold blooded deed, tho decree has gone
forth It is written with the pen of inllex-
ihle justice, and laid up among the ar
chiyes of eternal yengeancc--" Il fxgi-
five and rdgabond shah thon Be in the
earth" When the long black catalogue
Iof crimes recorded-in the Internal re-
gions of Pluto are read and made public
10 men and devils nt dooms-day, the
murder Of Sarah NJ. Cornell will cause
a crimson blush Oh the dark features of
the inierna powers, aud cause burst
of Indignation from every ambitious de-
mon, to think they have been so far
uansccnded 10 she biackness Of crime
by one Of the soEs of Adam
The evidence in the case of Avery was
clear and conclusiye--such as Judge
Hale says should only take LIFE Evi-
denec whick isa"cs rot a pin to hang a
doubt upon. Although we are not recon-
cled to the notion of capital punishment,
yet according TO the existing law, thisl
reverend adulterer and murderer ought
to have hung by the nsck until ho WAS
dcad, dcad, dead. Had he NOT been
cloaked with the gewgaw tinsels Of "re-
cerena," no doubt he wcnld baye suiFcrea
4 legal punislimen,. The powerful exer
lions made 10 behalf of this miserable
sinner '.in Leoscn's lirery," shows at
once Tie undue influence such men IN
fnlss titles have over the public, Dad e.
ven over courts Of justice. *.