Litchfield enquirer. [volume] (Litchfield, Conn.) 1829-current, 1833-04-04


motion to refuse extraordinary powers to the
King was sustained by only so votes.
Plan for the reduction and changes IN the
Irish Church Estdblishment.-The following
are the principal alterations proposed by the
Chancellor fthe Exchequer:
Ten Bishopricks 10 be abolished, after the
death of the present incumbents, out of the
twenty two which at present exist Those TO
be reduced being DrOmOre, Clogher, Kildare,
Cork, Waterford, Ossory, Baltimore, Tuam,
and two other sees, the names of which did
not reach the gallery.
This dlminutiOn, the noble Lord stated,
would produce direct saving of 60 ,OOOl. per
annunl. besides what would accrue from the
renewal ut leases, &c. The entire income Of
the Bishops in ireland might, he said, be cal
cuIated at 100000. year, that of the Deans
and Chapters at 23,0OOl.; as 10 the benefces,
his lordship said that as yet he had no accu-
rate returns, but he would set them down ut
60, OOOl. making the entire ecclesiastical in
come in Ireland about 100000 per annum.
He proposed to abolish the system Of first
fruits, now applied to the augmentation ofpoor
livings, and to replaced it by an annual per CEN
tage upon all preferments of 5OOl. year at
the rate of S per crnt-7OOt. to be made to
pay per cent; and beyond, 10 per cent.
Bishops Sees to he regulated by differ
ent scale those above 100000. paying Il per
cent. those below that income 10 per cent.
below 6OOOL. per cent and below SOOOl.
per cent: all the proceeds of this per centage
to he given TO augment the incomes of the
poorer clergy. Church rates, government
propose to abolish altogether; Deans and
Chapters likewise to he abolished or to have
the cure Of souls attached to them. The
statement was received with much cheering,
L., T.
Mr.. Calhoun, in his speech on the bill for
enforcing the collection of the revenue, ap-
peared to he deeply impressed with appre-
tensions. that the government Of the United
States would soon become consolidated
government. We do not observe that he dis
tincty explained what he meant by such
government. If he intended nothing more
than that the government was gaining consis-
tency by age and exercise, was becoming
more firm, solid, and stable, we do not see
any particular cause for alarm. 1t must be
the wish Of every friend to the Union and
Constitution, to the prosperity and respecta-
bility of the nation, to see the government,
as it grows older, becoming more firm, solid,
secure and permanent.
We however presume, that MIR. Calhoun
means 20 convey different idea by the word
of encr0achment by the general government
upon the rights of the individual states, by an
extension ofjurisdicton over the state gov ern-
ments, filching from them, from time to time,
power after power. and right after right, until
the whole are likely to be absorbed in the
national government, and the states to be
stripped of their severe gnty and indepen-
dence. If such an event could possiblyVccur
If it were even supposable case it might
be worthy of some attention. But ia our
Judgment, it is not only altogether improba-
bic, but it is absolutely impossible.
BY the constitution of the United States,
certain powers are granted to the national
government. Among them are those of col
Letting duties on merchandise, building ships
of war. raising armies, declaring war, making
treaties, Sc. Neither Of these powers can
be exercised by the individual states. But
there is n clause 10 the constitution, which
gives to Congress the right to exercise the
powers necessary for carrying those previous
y granted into effect. Here is certainly room.
as there always is in regard to the extent of
discretionary power, for dispute-one man
may he disposed to restrict, and another TO-
enlarge, the exercise Of it. But this contrO-
versy must, in the nature of things, be Con-
fined to the specific subject of dispute. That
is, il must relate 10 the collection Of duties,
the building Of ships Of war. the raising Of ar
mics, declaring war, making treaties, &e.-
The individual states possess exclusively the
power Of controlling their own internal and
domestic concerns ;-such as the. mode Of
regulating titles to real estate, either by de-
scent or purchase, the punishment Of crimes
n all cases not expressly vested in the gener-
al government, ofvstablishing and enforcing
laws for the fulilment Of contracts, for the
security of person and character, for promot-
ing education, for preserving health, for the
suppression of vice and immortality, sc. The
government Of the United States has nothing
to do with these subjects, nor is it in the ma
ture Of things that they ever can have any
thing to do with them. But to establish what
is called by Mr.. Calhoun. and others of the
same political school, consolidation, the ma
tional government must usurp all the powers
of the state governments-those which We
have enumerated, and all the others which
belong exclusively to them, and undertake to
regulate and control all the internal and do
nestle concerns Of the individual states. In
other words Congress must take into their
own hands the entire Jurisdiction. of state in
terests, and dismiss all the state authorities.
legislative, executive, and Judicial. enact all
laws respecting persons and property. adopt
penal codes regulate the punishment ofcrmes,
the erection of bridges, the laying out and re-