Constitutional Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1824-1832, 1832-02-02
MR.. HAYNES SPEECH.

/
Selves and undertook to create splendid man
uiacturing establishment in the district represen.
ca oy my distinguished and valued friend, (Mr. Nc
Duhe.l 1t was accordingly put into operation
put had gone on but short time, whom of tho
slaves was tempted to make FREQ with tho goods,
and. to prevent detection, burnt up the whole
establishment 1t might be supposed, Sir, that the
people of South Carolina would rot have been in.
chhed TO punish such an offence with great
severity; and if the cuprit had ESCAPED presume
we should not soon have heard the end of it. Not
so, Sir, however. We have law which Furnishes
arson, whether committed by u black, or a white
man. with death. The offender was brought to a
trial, and being convicted on the clearest proof
suffered the penalty of the law.-And, Sir, to show
now little justice is sometimes melted out to the
South, will state the fact that since I arrived
mere, have seen an account of this transaction in
P print, headed, with large capitals. "CRUELTY
~ SLAVES" and representing that poor inno-
cent negro had recently been hanged in South Car
DINA, for burning down 4 building by &C.
cdent. think, Sir, the gentleman will
now himself admit, that to embrace this
adage' jumping out ofthe frying pan into the
fire." The last remedy suggested by the gentle
man, is that we should "supply ourselves with
household manufactures" What Sir! give up
pursuits, and involve the whole southern country
in desoation and ruin2 Arc We TO be driven from
the pursuits OF our choice in order promote the
industry of the manufacturers?
The case which / have stated, of the bale of
woollens illustrates the unequal operation of this
system upon the agricultural industry of the
SOUTH and the manufacturing industry of the
north. What is true of single bale, is true of the
whole amount of foreign importatons, which are
taxed for the protection of tho domestic manu- fac
ture-true of the eight millions of imports received
IN exchange for the productions of South Carolina
and of the forty millions received in
exchange for the productions of the planta-
tion States, at least of SO much thereof
as embrace the protected articles. Our
northern friends say, however, that part of our
cotton and rice belongs to them BE it so. What
ever remains to us, and is rightfuly ours is sub
Jected to the unequal system which have above
described Sir, it is put beyond all dispute, that
the agricultural industry of the south is taxed,
equally, unjustly, enormously taxed in its foreign
exchanges, in order to render profitable tho manu-
featuring industry of tho north.
Taxed, will not say to what extent-but pre-
clseiy to the amount of the duty imposed for pro-
lection, and the price added to the domestic arti-
Gle, whatever these may be. 1t is said, Sir, that
the consumer pays the tax, and that tho tariff
Statos pay their full portion ofthe stax, their
consumption. Sir, think this may be we'll doubt.
ed. Our habits different. A South Carolina
farmer, whose crop is worth thousand dollars,
sends, perhaps, tho whole of it to market, and ex.
changes 1t for foreign productions, paying, it may
be, duty fifty per cent. His tax would be five
hundred dollars. The northern or western farmer
raising produce to the value of thousand dollars
will consume nine hundred of it on his farm, and
exchange but hundred for foreign articles, and
be subjected TO duty Of only fifty dollars. This
difference of habits between the different parts of
the country, is greater than would be supposed
possible.
L have known wealthy planter in tho neigh
borhood of Charleston that did not raise single
who purchased every thing that was consumed by
himself or his slaves. His cloth from England,
his wines from France, his horses, mules, and
hogs, from the wcst-his from Maryland
wooden DOtltOes.
New England; and l New England
friends, that although do not relish all of their
notions, there are some that prize very highly.
But sir if the consumer did, in every case, pay the
whole amount of the tax, and the consumption was
In exact proportion to population, could gentle.
men even then fail to tho wide difference in
the operation of the protecting system the two
sections, when they consider that the tariff States
are remunerated and more than remunerated, foI
any tax which they may pay, in the bounIios they
receive, while VIC receive remuneration what
ever.
If this be doubted, 1 will apply test, which,
| think, cannot possibly deceive us. Do our New
| England brethren not understand their own inter
| estl Do you think, Sir, that they would be very
apt to fall in love with taxation and court the i'm
| position of burthens? How comes it, then, tina
| they have been taught to believe that 'taxation il
! no tyranny" but tho contrary, the greatest o
earthly blessings1 Why is it, that they would re
gard as the heaviest of ealamtics, the reduction
the public burthens7 Is it not clear, then, tina
| they regard the duties bounty to their indus
| try, and that they know that they have tho power
to indemnify themselves for oil that they pay in du
| ties.
| But, sir, there is another view of this matter
which demonstrates, think still more plainly, the
inequality of the system. l aude TO its effec
upon the people of the SOUTH as producers of tn,
| articles which arc exchanged for foreign commo
di;ics. There arc very able men, sir, who have
undertaken to prove that suffer from this sys
tenn chiefly in our character as producers. To I'M
mind il is morally certain that the people Of tn,
| south, either as producers consumers, support
burthen nearly if not entirely, equal to the whole
amount of tax levied on their mporaions. Th,
| precise manner in which this operates, is pro
i blem not so easy Of solution will endeavor t.
| explain, however, very briefly, my conception o
the process.
We will suppose perfectly free trade to be car
ricd on between the Southern States and Crca
Britaiu--that is to say, that tho articles boil
sides admitted, duty free. In this state 0
things, progressive tax, equal TO five per cert
per annnm, is imposed on British manufactures 10
the protection of our The first duty of fiv
per cent. would, doubtless, DO added TO the price
Before this progressive duty had advanced man
steps, however, tho period would arrive when n
additional charge would be sustained by the consu
mer withouta reduction Of his consumption. Til
next five per cent. then imposed, would have to b
sustained by the merchant or the foreign manu-
tacturer, or the producer of the cotton, an
would most probably be divided among them.
this maGner, as the SYSTEM progressed, the profit
of the merchant would be reduced 10 the lowe;
scale; those of tho manufacturer would also /
brought down, and the southern producer, woulc
in bis turn, DO compelled to submit to reducto
: in the price Of his productions. Zach succcssi