Constitutional Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1824-1832, 1832-01-28

away-ther capital sunk or transferred to
other pursuits--our shpyards broken up-our
ships all Sold!-yes, Sir l am told the very last
of them was u few months ago, brought 10 tho
hammer-our mechanics in despair the very pras.
growing in our streets, and houses falling into
ruins real reduced TO ono third part of it's va
luc, and rents almost to nothing. The commerce,
which we arc still permitted to enjoy, diverted
from its proper channels, carried on with borrowed
capital, and through agents sent among, aud main
tanned by tho tariff policy, bearing off their profits
to more favored lands, eating out our substance
and leaving to our own people the miserable
crumbs which fall from the table OF their pros
pcrity. If we fly from the city to the country
what do we there behold? Fields abandoned tho
hOspitabc mansions of our fathers descrtcd agri-
culture dropping; our slaves like their masters,
working harder, and faring worse; the planter str-
wing, with unavailng efforts, to avert tho ruin
Which is before him. 1t has often been my lot,
sir, to see the once thriving planter reduced to
despair; cursing his hard fate, gathering up tho
small remnants of his broken fortunc-and, with
ms wife and his little ones, tearing himself from
the scenes of his childhood, and the bones ofhis
ancestors, to seek, in tho Wilderness that re-
ward for his industry, of which your fatal policy
has deprived him.
Sir, when look at our fertile fields and con
slider the genial climate with which God has bless.
cd the South-whcn contemplate the rare fell
city OF our position, the Ioducers of article,
which, under system of free trade, would com.
mand the markets of the worlds il not enough
to fill our hearts almost to bursting find the rich
est blessings that indulgcnt Providence ever
showered down upon the heads of any people, torn
from us by the cruel policy Of our own Govern
ment, TO find the bountes Of Heaven thus blasted
| by the hand of man. Sir, I will not deny that
there othoi besides the tariff, which have
contributed to produce the evils which have pre-
dicted. Trade can, TO some extent, DO carried on
with greater facility at New York, and cotton NAV
be raised more proftably in Alabama; but, these
advantages would not havo broken up the co,n-
mercs or depressed the agriculture of South Caro-
lima, whlo unrestricted intercourse with foreign
In liza Tho most p,pler,
prohts Men do not quit their accustomed employ
ments or the homes of their fathers, for any small
addition to their profits. 1t is only when restrict
ion has reached point which leaves the door still
open to one, while it closes it against the other
that this result is produced; and, therefore it is
that rapid transfer of capital and population is
now added TO the other evils with which tho old
States afflicted.
In this condition of the country, where is there
to DO found n fuflment ofthe promises held out to
| the South in 1924? We then told that we
had mistaken the true character of this systcm
We eutreated only to try it for a short time
We were told that the taxes imposed on foreign
articles would be but temporary; that the manu-
features would want protection but for short time
only to give them a sart-and that they would
soon be able to stand alone. We were to have had
double market for our cotton--high prices, re-
vlving commerce, and renewed prosperity. Sir
after the experience of four years, the Tariff Of
2S came for considerations by which the protect
ing system was to be further extended and cnlar-
ged. And what was found to have been the result
OF TOUR years experience at the Southl Not a
hope fulfilled, not promise performed-and
!; our condition infinitely worse than il had been
Tour years before. Sir, the whole South rose up
as one man, and protested against any further X
pertinent with this fatal system. The whole of
the representatives of seven States, Virginia
North Carolina, South Carolina Georgia, Alaba-
ma, Mississippi, and Tennessee, (wlth, believe,
but three dissenting yoces,) recorded their votes
against that bill. Sir, do not gentlemen find
in this fact, evidence of the dangerous char
acter OF that Legislation which this systom is
based? Can it be wise-can it be just--can it be-
Prudent-to adopt and enforce policy essen
TALLY sectional in its character7 Can hope for
harmony, peace, and concord, while enforcing a
system, against which entire section of our
country so strongly revolts?-It is the essential
principle of the representative SYSTEM that mu-
: tual sympathy of feeling and of interest, should
bind together tho people and their rulers, and it
may be worthy of profound reflection, how far that
principle is essentially preserved by scheme of le-
glslation, under which the feelings nd interests of
so large portion of the country outraged and
trampled on. When taxes imposed, not by
the representatives of those who to bear the
burthens, but OF those who are 80 recSiys-1k
bounty. '
Now, sir, let turn our attention TO the Nor,t
t ana mere cannot speak from my own KNOWLEDGE
nut am tree to confess, that if we are to credit
the accounts we have heard the rich fruits of the
system have been scattered in this quarter with
Pro!use hand. We are told that manufacturp~
estabiishments have sprung up every where as r
by enchantment Thriving towns and beaut;f,t
i"Seo Soter VIC Wnole lace OF the land. Millions
OF caPitai have been withdrawn from other pur
suits and invested In manufactures Joint stock
companies arc receiving enormous dividends. and
the people (at least in the neighbourhood of the
establishments built up and sustained by the sys
tem1 are rejoicing in a prosperity unexampled in
the history of the world. But sir, in the midst of
the universal Joy, we hear occasionally tho voice
OF laHnentatIon and complant.-There are those
norm OF the Potomac wise and experienced and
patriotic men, well acquainted too with the actual
condition OF things, who tell that this apparent
prosperity is In great measure delusive; that the
system has operated in building up favored class
at tho expense of the Of the community That
II has IN fact, made the rch richer and the poor
poorer" hayo before me several statements aII
going to prove these assertions as to several of
the most hourishiDg manufacturing establishments
OF the north. will trouble the Senate with but
one OF them, and that merely by way OF jlustra
tion' me article is from the pen of one of tho
ablest political economists in the Union, ono who
has laid his country under A lastino doh, c $50;
tude. " e
4 lMr. Hayne here read statement from the Ran
ner OF the Constitution, proving that Furnishing
co'on mandatory at the Falls Village, in New
hampshire, was, from their sho,oing main
tanned by a tax on the community exceeding the
entire profits of the establishment, by Sl0l 900
per annum; and that, if purse was made up and
every operative man. woman and child paid 300
per annum, for standing idle or turning Grind
stones, the public would be gamers by S1Ol 900
I annually
1t will be therefore, that, with regard to
some, at least, OF our most furnishing manufactu
ring establishments, the profits derived are drawn
from tho pockets of tho people Rut, it will be
SAID, there as in which The south .ortici
Pates in tho bounty, here is a home market fo,nd
Tor three thousand bales of Carolina cotton Sir
selzo the opportunity to dspel forever the dcu
Son. that the south can derive any compensation