Southern planter., 1832-02-25

c"ulu Of thkcn OF from ul06o oi iilc nanuI4ciufcr
Indeed, how co'hd il be expected that ibe Amer.
can demand for British BlenuGclaTcs would ma.
terially affect their price, when not marc, pro.
baby. than twentieth part OF TIE whole finds a
market IN this county llt rs on ihe Anencan3go
duceg, therefore, that this tax must chiefly fall Sir
the duties upon imports either ppd by the con
sumer, or lhoy are not II they are paid by him
have shown that The far greater portion Of The du.
ties onthe goods received in exchango for our cot
ton falls upon the planier and That for this he To
ceives no remuneration whatever Ifihc duties are
not paddy the conaumer-thai to say, II they are
NOT added to the prico-then Il IS manifest that the
whole amount Of duties falls upon ua without the
possibility Of relieving ourselves from any part oi
the burden. Az IN The popular oion that all con
sumers must pay equally, will nsk any geniIeman
To tell me how il Is with those who cOnsume he
tarp Here is tax Of sixteen millions imposed
directly upon southern production. Fourteen mil
lions Of this amount are transferred 10 the north,
and there continued Are the consuues Of these
fourteen millions taxed on their consumption as
highly as thnse who have paid the whole amount 7
Sir, have done with this branch Of The subject.
Great as aro tho present evils Of this system 10 The
south, there are greater still-in prospect We are
seriously threatened with the entire loss Of the for.
eign markets Tor our productions All trade isbut
an exchange Of equivalents, and Is founded IN the
maxim of "give and take" Ifyou exclude British
goois lfomou markets, you, in effect, exclude our
cotton from their markets II is vain to tell rs that
England must have our cotton You may force
herto do without It, Even now she supplies her.
self, 20 great extent, from other countries; from
her Easl-India possessions, Egypt, Brazil and elae-
where; and you will make i her interest, in the
end, 10 give up the American trade entirely. f.
ven now she is looking TO this MS possible event
fou find her encouraging the production cotton
Ia the Easi-Indics, by a discriminating duty TO
which YOU have forced her. and stimulating the pro-
ducioh Of the article in South America, where she
" furnished with n market for her manufactures,
almost duty free Tan we then, be blind to the
fate ihlt awaits ns when theAmerican System shall
be consnmmaied, and we shall be cut of from
market for sovcn hundred thousand bales Of our cot
tom an event that, II is hardly necessary for me to
say, would involve the whole South in irretrievable
ruin. u Is idle for gentlemen 10 pretend that the
north can ever furnish home market for al tho
cotton Of the south. Two or three hundred thou.
sand bales is the utmost extent to which we could
find market in TINT quarter. Tho catalogue Of
the evils ofths system, however, is not yet compile
ted. Il is notmerely the mischief th has done, and
the still greater evils which il threatens, but il has
arrested our march to greatness, and prevented Us
from fulfilling our high desinics What would
have been tho condition Of this country now, f we
bad never been deprived OF the blessings Of free
tradef Why is il that our tonnage and our exports
have not grown with our growth, and strengthen
cd with our strength Il is becauso our prosperi-
y has been blasted by the restrictive system. Look,
Sir, at this picture. In 1910, with population Of
seven millions, We had tonnage of one million
four hundred thousand. IN 1891, with popnia.
ton ofthFteen millions, our tonnage is reduced 10
one million two hundred thosand and, going still
ErFfhor hart in ths..
cd 20 eighty one millons while now, with popu-
loon ofthiiteen millions, our exports arc reduced
10 soyeniy-iwo millions. Thus while our popula-
iion has increased ncnry three fold our foreign com
morce has NOT advanced al ALL Sir. II Washing.
tons free trade system had continued unto this dny
Qol be il remembered, tina Alexander HamilioR's
protecting system was essentially system Of free
trade imposing duties only Of from Ave TO seven
and half per cent )-can Il be doubted that we
should now have had tonnage ofiwo millions and
a halt and that our exports would have am nunted
to ono hundred and fifty millions lam told that
one Of the abesl hnanciers IN this country, Las re-
Gently declured that he should consider an aver
age duty ofwelve or 6floen per centum ad vnlorem,
as ahundantly sufficient for all the purposes Of
revenue; aud that undersuch system, our imports
and expOns would, in his opinion, exceed an hun
dTed mllhons ofdollars the very first year know,
Dir fgesldent, that il has sometimes been said that
tho evils under which The south is suffering, arise
from The over production Of cotton but this Is not
so.--Conon is an article, the prediction Of which,
cannot be overdune. II is the cheapest Of all
known raw materials Il is fast supersedina silk,
WOOL hemp, and fax, all over the world. As a
proofofsbis, will avert to the fact that, during
period, in England, when her woollen manufac-
tures advanced from FIVE millions Of pounds sterl-
ing To- six, The cotton manufactures progressed from
ona million 70 more than thirty. lfyou would AXE
OF your duties, and throw open to Us the markets
ofthe world, American couons would to a great
extent, supeTsedo all Others, and we should find o
mafketnot for one, but two millions ofbales The
whole south would then, indeed, become "qarden
ot"-But, il is insisted by The supporters ofthe
protecting system, that its only eject Is TO make oni
goods cume cheaper Sir, if this were true, will
venture 70 assert that the manufacturers themselves
would be the very 6rst to abandoA the system
Their object certainly isnot TO lesson, but increase
their prices. Even Il this were the case, however,
am unable TO discover how the cotton planter could
be compensated for the loss ofhis market How il
this supposed reduction TO be brought about2 BY
competition say the gentlemen, between the British
and the American manufacturer. But, ifit is com.
petition that is to produce this reduction Of pfices
the manufacturer, on both sides, must be put on O.
quail footing. What sort of fcompetiiion is that
which is founded on a discrimination offty per