Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1832-03-17


they have been attributed why have they long survv
cd the that produced them That they still exist
and exist in full ygor In great portion Of the Union. Il
would be insult observation and understanding
deny The explanation Of the mystery was to be found
and be found only in the flsiy Of the ascrpon They
arose from other and very different causes They Ia
truth, said he, mainly to be ascibcd to the struggle be-
tween the two opposing principles that have been in nc
I've operation in this country from the closing scenes Of the
revolutionary war TO the present daye one seeking to
absorb far as practicable all power from its legitimate
and to condensc 1t in single head: The other
antagonist principle, aborDg assiuousy to resist the
and limit the extent of executive autori-
~. The former has groom out y a deep and settled
a.'nsf o. The People and 81 me ne. STATES consequent
vortex of federal power. and making that power still
safe in proportion as il is withdrawn from the popular
departments the federal government those that
Their removed from the control OF public sentiment The
antagonist principle has its origin jealousy Of potr
err issfifedby all human experience II is founded ON
the assumption, that the disposition Of abuse dele
gated authority Is inherent and incorgibe therefore
seeks its only security in the limitation aud distribution of
those trusts which the very existence of government
qaires to be rcposed somewhere Hence the aversion Of
Its supporters to grant more power than is indspensaby
additional safeguard place that which is conferred in
As many hands as is consistent wih.efhciency.
"No can lid and wel-inormed man WILL for moment,
pretend that IL the powers claimed for this govern
ment had been avowed at the te had not been
expressly dsclamed there would have been slightest
chance for the adoption Of the Constitution by the requisite
number Of the old thirteen States.
'But It ratified, said MIR. v. b., and from the
described had been work obtain by construction what
not included intended 10 be included in the grant,"
"Durng the administration of Gen. Washington, acts
Of strong character took place. save the incorporation of
the Bank OF the United States that great pioneer of
sdtuional encroachments together with the principles
Avowed In relation 10 the treaty making power. The
tachment OF General Washington TO the constitution, his
consciousness of the difficulties which had
Enlistment, and the moderation of his character
coming in aid Of the firm maintained by the
antedcrass OF that day, kept the spirit of
and construction within bo,,nls that comnareJ with is
mt 81 WEI hIa
Why we told that this is obnoxious to Virginia.
We told that he is asinner beyond all other offenders
We told that he chosen by Southern politicians to
crush system which he only aggravated or these Of
fences know nothing, and cannot condemn him until
the evidence is before me- As we have been accused OF
endeavorng to bring in this mischievous man, have
right think, to allude TO the conduct (and eects
those who oppose us believe that the nomination OF Mr.
Barbour will inevitably divide the vote of the State But
tits argued that this effect is provided against by the re
servaon in this resolution That reservation has been
properly characterized 1t would have the effect to Gre
ate confusion and doubt and the result would be
pcrscious contend that under thepresent circumsan
ees 1t better not to present the question the people,
but keep 1t free to the operation Of future events.
In what he had said of Mr.. Van Buren, he disclaimed
the intention of advocating Mr.. Van Buren's nominal
ton He considered Mr.. Van Buren, much less objec-
tonabe politician than OF the rights con-
verts ask where those gentlemen when we were
struggling against the encroachments of the Federal Co
vernment What were their doctrines in that day will
tell you-and to do so, must refer to publication
containing the sentiments and doctrines of the accomplish
ed gentleman who presides over the Government of
South Carolina, Colonel (now Governor) Hamilton and
Mr. McDuffe, now warm advocate Of State Rights and
Notification and the Hercules of the United States Bank,
the OF greater evil than any other under which this
country has suffered Mr. Daniel then read the following
passages from MIR. McDufe's Essays under the sigma
ture OF "One ofhe People," published with an encomi
astic advertisement by Gov. Hamilton:
'The basis OF the argument in which the "TRIo" in
dulge In contendng or strict and literal construction
oil the constitution, and IN affirming absolute mega
potoer" This construction, their own reasoning
proves, aco,tid limit The sphere Of National Charter
merely to those suicidal efforts, which in the end ,ood
hare produced It's dissolution, matter Of inevitable
consequence. To these views the sTnIUMvfRArE" add
ed THE rocsIN Of estate SovEREIGNrY - a note
which has been sounded in he Ancient Dominion ,oit
such an Momened blast, but toiM rariey, Jy them
to reicre ats dun and uerdous
uient by Coz. H.
"what security then, did the Convention, or in other
words the People OF the United States provide TO
strain their funconaries from usurping powers not dele
gated, and from abusing those with which they real
~ invested Mas IL by the diseordant clamors and
iatciess resistance Of the Stale rulers that feu intended
to insure domestic tranquility, and form, more per-
feet Uon?" Was BY the ocious interference of their
inferior agents. appointed for other purposes than those
indie atcd by the state constitutions that they intended to
nsure salutary control their superior agenfs?"
No; the constitution will tell you what's the real sccui-
ty they have provided. 1t is the responsibility of the Off
of the general gvenment not the state authori
ties, but to themselves, THE PEOPLE This and this
alone, Is the great conservative principle which lies the
foundation OF all political institutions and sustains the
great and glorious fabric of liberty. This great truth
ought to be kept in constant and lively remembrance by
every American 1T the very life and soul of republi
freedoms; and statesman is worthy minister at
her sacred altar, who does distinctly perceive and
deeply feel it, The state governments, too, the
soue creatures OF the people,; and haze political poo-
not delegated TO them 6y their respecire co,,stifu-
tions and consistent Nth The Constitution of The "
States The States political bodies haze no origin
al, inherent rights. THAT HAVE SUCH RIGHTS
4 FALSE, DANGEROUS, AND ANTI-REpUpLIcAN
ASSUMPTIONS, WHICH LURES AT THE BOTTOM OF
ALL THE REASONING IN FAVOUR STATE RIGHTS.
The tie OF responsibility is necessary bind state
rulers TO their appropriate sphere ofduty bind
like manner, the officers of the general What
then, is the true question much agated under the inn
posing of estate rights, and consolidated empire
and who the real parties to the issue involved in il
answer emphatcay, the true question is ,chether the
general government shall be controlled by the DeoDe
the states, or the rulers of the states and the parcs
fgant are The people of all the states and the rulers of
particular states. Upon the issue thus presented one
would Imagine there could be little diversity opnion
amongst intelligent and considerable men, as 10 the verdict
thatought be Whatare the
when shailhave to say usupaon) the state authorities
They say in effect to the people, he very people too by
portion OF whom they creaed) fyou have mot si
cen virtue intelligence and vigilance TO control and re-
strain your agents Of the general government They are
making most alarming strides in the usutpaon not TO be
sure oil your rights but OF ours and yet you are so blind
as not TO perceive, torpid not TO regard H. For
these weghty reasons thcrcuno moving we the ruler
OF certain states by virtue OF certain original Inherent
powers in Us existing do audge and determine that YOU
the people, by reason OF certain apathy torpo that
srages with violence in defiance Of all our susra RENE
dies are incapable Of seBgoccrnnent; and we do
therefore, out OF mere pity for your weakness and inco
potency and from the consciousness our own infaIbi
ty resume TO oursctDes the of III,
general government ,ciich find you unworthy TO err
ercise To this modest address from their
no fhorffia lo.<I -