Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1832-06-12

lay.
Every duty upon article. the like of which tsp ro-
duced among ourselves, yields in degree protection
10 the home manufacture. In this respect the operation
oil duty Is precisely the same whether il has been laid
,th gie'o to rereue only, TO protection only The
sole derencc between the two consists the mo
ire which determines the Legislature to impose the duty
Inc sole ground for the distinction between what called
incidental protection and what called direct pro-
ecton consists in the end with view to which the duty
was voted icr One member may give his vote in favor
uuy' solely because OF the protection il will afford; while
ahoticr may vote Tor the duty solely with view
revenue when, therefore, duty system of duties
mas receYeh the support Of particular individual the
question whether he has supported tariff,
protective tai depends altogether the which
determined his vote. IL his object revenue then
IT. so lar as he Is concerned tar-the protec-
on so far as his vote gives it, is incidtal-and he is al
together exempt from the charge of having supported the
protective principle On the other hand ii his object was
ifit the encouragement, new
capital into any particular branch OF ndustry-in such
case, inc i Is so far as he is concerned protective
anl-the protection far his gives it, not in.
eiden,al5 IL Is The primary, direct end of his vote.
Ana now, Tor the means OF ascertaning the end with
view 10 which any particular tariff was adopted This may
appear on the very face OF the measure The nature the
duties may suffice to answer the question Still so far
as any particular ndiuduai Is concerned this is not
conclusive answer tariff framed solely with view TO
protection may have been voted for by him. solely OIL nc
count oil the revenue it would YIELD while tariff framed
WIN avew 10 revenue Alone may have received his sup
port, solely because OF the projection II promised II
member has assigned tue reasons or his vote those rca-
sons are the best evidence OF which the question admits
kesorting therefore, to Mr. Cahouns speeches in 1916
find them be most szeao,is efior in favor oC ,h,
tariff, as protective tariff So bold is his zeal in behalf
oil the protective principle strong does he consider its
title to adoption, that he rejects all collateral add He even
taxes me trouble put entirely OF view, any claims
which the mdnydcf,uer might have upon the country
Tor the security OF those manufactures which had already
grown up lie sets the protective system on is ow n ma
ked merits, as means q p,ociding employment for sur
pms cdPitd ana market for agricultural produce
His speech in opposition Mr. Rsndolphs motion il a
flaming picture OF the grca amount Of capita' that had
accumulated shores-of the necessity of provins
iactnres-anl oil the national Importance in pollco-
economical view, oil encouraging this tendency.
Besides the necessity OF providing employment for this
great merely capital for which EN-
ployment was TO be provided-there were other
sons Tor enconagng tno that Com
merce and agriculture he shows both dcpend on oren
markets lie drawsa picture of the evils attendant pon this
dependence, and traces the operation of his panacea s
for those evils whcn our are grown In
certain perfection, they will DO under The foster
ing care Of government, will no longer experience
these evils. The farmer ,cH find ready market for
mas surplus produce; who would suppose that these
extracts from Mr. C1ay's not Mr. Cahoun's speccb
cs! and what is almost Of equal consequence rc,fo;,
and cheap suPpy all his tcdnts." "To this distressing
state oil things, THAT consequent upon the nterrpon II
commerce by war there were two remedies and onIv
TWO; one in our power Immediately the other RECURRING
much time and exerton but both constituting in his on
mon, THE ESSENTIAL POLICY OF COUNTRY: he
meant the navy and domestic manufactures Bv the
former we could open the way markets. by the lat
ter IRE bring them from 0eyond the ocean and nntno
Ike them"
B ss R'csc roles Mr. choun speech proving that
pressed himself warmly In favor of the the country
their beneficial effect objection has been to tho ,"onS S
@ ayms on under the name of mpOs
oss, Of branch Of industry expense another and we
noun sad IN favor OF manufacturing which give least
arate from for revenue, or Just lie has not
70 point out any uc but the contrary
beneficial effect of our manufacturers" ' - '0
ms Is fully worthy of the cause. Mr. Calhoun's
speech was shown TO be Jealous argument for the adop
ton OF the tariff principle in its pures aud most unaiu
rated essencea system, having cOnfessedly for its ends
the distribution OF the capital of the country and-tbe re-
gulaon OF its industry. AS for the qualification cas- So
parate from one for revenue they ara words put in for
he double purpose OF confeundng the reader and cover
ing the confusion OF the plused writer We have en-
amned what the word protective means when applied 10
duty ana we have that duty is protectire or fy
reUe"ne according to the end for which it supported
me deSTee oil protection may vary but the principle re-
mains the same In this, the only sense of the word Le
an OF 1916, so far as Mr.. c. is concerned was empa
caiy and purely pr0tecfire tariff Whatever may he
the committee from which il cane-whatever NAV have
nee" the object OF those who framed i-whaeyer The oh
ject of Others in supporting it, his support was given T.
as measure Tor organizing the industry of the country
But tariff ds separate from one for rerenue /, Kind r
hg' the nature OF which be asceraincd before we
can say whether MIR. Calhoun, Mr.. Clay or Mr. Any-
body-else ever gave ii his support Does il mean tariff
which shall produce This would be as hard
ahg 10 devise as one which should afford no ction
DOCS IL mean tariil, every supporter which is nir-
ehced solely by its protective operation without REGARD IN
revenue: This, too is kind of thing of which would
be rather difficult to find specimen But II the evnrs
SION nave reference TO the motives OF particular set of
supporters or OF particular individual supporter then
The tariff OF 1876 was far Mr.. Calhoun Is concerned
"a protective arili as separate from for revenue s."
The sole ground which he rested his support of /, was
s"oectce-or more properly, its industry
operation Not syllable of his speech has references 70
It's TereHuc operation 1t reluctantly L0rced from hin,
by motion OF Mr. Randolph, which went TO diminish il,
one particular The stimulating effect of the measure
to Mr. Ktchc's logic, measure ON nc
count OF its incidental advantages fact to assert NOT only
inc incidental would also he CONSTITUTIONAL direct object Of
No rnif Of a.
awkwad+y attempts TO deduce absurd conclusions front
But when member of Congress advocates the adopton
o. tarl solely on the ground that the protection il aI
ords VIII give employment to capital; raise up anuGc
lures Tor The certain and cheap supply of all tile farmers
wants; and create home market for agricultural pro.
me commonest regard for truth anil for tic public
veal iorbds, that he should afterwards be permc, IN ac
quire or to retain perncios influence over his feIJo
clnZcns, by making them believe that he never couoc
nahced the principle OF protection nd when Il,
the mposre true logic will permit him ia cscanc no
resort 10 the soPhIscal trick of Insisting upon distinction
"hch no one disputes. Between urging as an
advantage, any consequence likely to attend measure
ana making that consequence the direct end of the
sure, the difference is papabe Unfortunately however
'he distinction was drawnin 1916; and Mr. C. happencd
ON ne wrong SIDE oil II. Some extracts which shall nre
senty give from the speech Of Mr. Telfair In reDiI m
mr. Cah0ul will add TO the blaze of light already Shed
upon me SUBJECT This speech is worthy of note AT this
"dy, on more accounts than Ii makes I'M the ssue
as clearly as 1t ever has been can be- between Frec
ITade ana the Protective System-between unshackled
industry ana regulated industry: Mr. T. being the advo
cate OF me former, Mr. G. Of the latter IL is very short
ana YET points out clearly and fully the opera,on oC
protective duty-which operation is, Is 10 tax the con.
o,e'' on" |uy 10 throw away portion of the cost of
Producion-and in this respect present., fine
1oft-