Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1832-01-26
THURSDAY. JANUARY &c. 1889.
MR. HAYNES SPEECH. Concluded.

ia, every nation must protect itself from the e.
feet of restrictions by countervailing measures.
j am persuaded, Sir. that this is great, most
fatal error. If retaliation be resorted to for the
honest purpose Of producing redress Of the
grievance. and be adhered to no longer than there
IS hope Of success. it may, like war itself, be
somiimes Just and necessary. But il II have no
such object, lit is the improbable contest ut
seeing which can do the other the most harm. -
The case can hardly be conceived IN which per-
maupnt restric tons, as a measure of retaliation,
could be profitable. In every possible situation,
q trade whether more or less restricted, is profit
abe or il is not. This c n only be decided by
experience, and If the tIade, be left to regulate
Itself, water would not Dore naturally seek ITS
level. than the intercourse adjust itself IL the true
interests Of the parties. Sir. as to this idea OF
the regulation by government OF the pursuits of
men, | consider IL as a remnant OF barbarism
di>gracefnl TO on enlightened age, and inc"nsist-
err with the first principles vt rational liberty.
hold government to be utterly incapable. from
its position, Of exercising such a power wisely,
prudentiy. or justly. Are the rulers OF the
world the repositories Of It's collected Wls,loml
Sir. can we forget the advice of great statesman
to his SON.. Cru, see the world, my son, that
you NAV learn with how little wisdom mankind
is governed" And is our own g,v.s fnment an
exception to this rule, or do we not find here, as
every where else, that
MaE, proud man,
Dtes, IN y little brief authority,
Pays snch f,it,stc tricks before high Heas'n
AS makes the arg Is @ecp.'
The gentleman has appealed to the example OF
other nations. Sir, they are all against him.
They have had restrictions enough, to be sure;
bc they are getting heartily sick of them, and in
gland, particularly. would willingly get rid Of
Item. il they could. We have been assured, BY the
declaration of Minister of the Crown, from this
place IN Parliament. that there is growing con-
rictos, among all men Of sense and reflection in
that country, that the true policy If all nations
Is 10 br found in unrestricted industry" Sir,
10 England they are now retracing their steps,
and enJeavorins to relieve themselves Of the
system as fast as they can. Within few years
past, u-sards Of three hundred statutes. impos-
ing restrictions ia that country. have been re-
peaied; and a case has recently occurred there,
whi,h seems to eave 90 doubt thar. if Great Bril-
tain has grown great, il is, as Mr.. Hnskisson has
declared, mot in consequence OF. but IN spite
OF, her restrictions" The silk manufacture. pro-
tected nv enormous bounties, was found TO be in
such declining condition. that the government
was obliged To do something to save u from to-
la ruin. And what did they dOs They consi-
de bly, reduced rhe duty on foreign silks; both
or me raw material and the manufactured article
Ihe consequence was, the immediate revival OF
the silk manufacture, which has since been nearly
doubled,
Sir. the experience OF France is equally deci-
sivr Bonaparte's effort to introduce cotton and
sugar has COST that cOuntry millions; and, but the
other day, foolish attempt to protect the iron
mines spread devastation through half of France,
amt uparlv ruined the wine trade, ON which one
f.tn of her citizens depend foe subsistence. As
to Spain. unhappy Spain. 'fenced round with
restrictions" her experience, one would suppose
would convince Us, u any thing could. that the
protecting system politics. like bisotry in rei.
gion, MSS utterly at war with sound principles
and liberal and enlis hrened policy. Sir, saw,
in the words Of philosophical statesman OF Eng
land, "leaye generous nation free to seek her
own road to perfection" Thank God. the night is
passing away, aud We have lived Ia see the dawn
ci glorious day. The cause of Tree trade must
and will prosper, and 6uai'y triumph. The poll.
teal economist is abroad; light has come into the
world, and, IN this instance, at least, men will
not pr,',i darkness rather than light" Sir.
let i Hoj y said, IN after times, that the states
,Den q America were behind the age in which
the, hyrd--that they initiated this Young and
vigorous country Ia'O the enervating and
corruptuS practices of European nat,ons-and
that, at the noment when the whole world were
io1Sins Ia US ior example, we arrayed ourselves
az the caSt-uff tolies and expnded errors of the
oid world, and. bv the introduction of vile sys.
,y'r . fetal stimuiants and political gambling.
.0p4'-ed tie healthful vigor Of he body polite.
sHt 5'ousn, on decrepitude and premature disso-
sutton
's1 intended Mr.. President. to have said
SO '"'ng at the constitutional question, but
e.ys a!ready taken up much Of your time, that
J s.-i not now enter into il. must be peim init. |
-. however, To remark, thar the gentleman is |
,a,s;aken in surprising that this objection to the
protecting system is of recen, origin Up TO 1924,
the question had been considered ,a- mere
y accidental TO duties imposed for revenue. The
acJ Of 1890 was surely of that character; and |
oyeo the act Of 1916 provided for diminu,ion.
ani rot an increase Of duties But when. in
s24 the true c aract-s of this system s.s d.
eioped. the constitutional objection was plainty