Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1832-01-28
WOE. XXygEE.---No. So.

n WHICH
Is Tact but the lessons oi wisdom and enlightened ex-
Penence applied to the affairs OF nations Sir the restricts
I'VE poncy Is founded ON the triumph Of Tire selfish prnc
PIE. IL assumes that the natural position OF nations to-
wards each other is Of cnuy and rivalshp founded on
supposed opposition ofinercsts The doctrine of the old
school was that, what gained by one nation was ma.
cessarily lost by another.
The plain and seemingly obvious truth, that in fair
e9ual exchanged commodities, all parties gained is no.
Die discovery oil modern times. The contrary princpIe
naturally led 10 commercial riyaes wars and abuses Of
all SORTS The benefits of commerce being regarded az
STAKE TO be on advantage be wresed from others
Dy auu or by ioce governments naturally strove
secure them to their subjects; and when they one,
set out IN TINS wrong direction quite natural that
hey should not stop short I'LL they ended in binding ia the
bones OF restriction, only the whole country but all
oil It's parts Thus we arc told that England first protect-
ed by her restrictive policy her whole empire against ui
the world, then Great Britain against the colonies tcr
the British isles against each other and ended by yanly
attempting protect oil the great interests and employ
nens oil Inc State by balancing them against each other,
Sir such system, carried fully out is not confined 10 ri.
val nations but protects town against another con-
sders villages and families rivals; and canuot stop
SNORT oil hooiicn Crsoe IN his goatskins 1t takes but
one stop further TO make every man his own LAWYER doc
Tor, farmer and shoemaker-and, if may I've allow an
lrsls MS own seamsircss and washGrw oman Tho doc-
rine oil Tres trade the contrary, founded on the ,uo m
cia system 1t OoLson al! mankind children of common
parent--and the great family of nations as linked
by mutual interests Sir, as there is relation so bc.
evs there is politics ofnafuc Cast your eyes or hi.
various carh-see its surface with lin, al -
eys rocks and fertile fields Notice its different prodo,;on,
Its infinite varieties of soil climate See the nigbv
rivers winding their way to the very mountains base and
!55Gclns hau0ls' Can any man who cOn.idess these
Things with the eye OF philosopher, read the tepu of
tne S9a creator (Tritten lcg5ly in his works. tat lis
chS should Dc drawn together in CONNIE ia in.
tercourse end wutua exchanges oftho various gifts with
which bountlul Providence has blessed them Com.
mercc Sir restricted she has boen las teen tho
great source of civilization refinement all over he
world Next TO the Christon RELIGION | consider FpIp
TRADE, III Its largest sense, as the greatest blessing tia;
can be conferred upon any people. Near Sir wha, Pa
trick Henry, the great OF Virginia whose soul wal
'he very temple OF ireedoin says Oh this subject
why should we letter commerce? III a man Ia ip
chains, he droopl and bows the earth because his sol.
Is are broken but LEI him tcisf tie Jtfers from his legs
be as free the air. She will range the whole ,etion
and 'cturn on the four winds Of Heaven, bless the land
with plenty"
But it has been said that frse trade would do yeFv we'll
4 all nations would adopt it, but as it is every patio.
must protect itself om the effect OF restrictions 6y coun.
ervaling measures. am persuaded Sir that il is ereat
fatal error If retaliation is resorted 10 ,5E tho
honest purpose of producing redress OF he eriovanrc
ana wMe adhered to no longer than there IL hope OF
success 1t may, like itself, DO sometimes lust and
necessary But have such object "i is The IN
profitable combat OF seeing which do the other tho
most harm The case can hardly be conceived in
which permanent restrictions measure Of retaliation
could be profitable In every possible situation Iade
eor more or les: restricted, is profitable is
ms can only be decided by experience and il the trade
20 eit to regulate ITSELF would no. more naturally
eek ITS level than the intercourse adjust TO La
rue interests OF the parties Sir, to ths idea of tho
equation by government of the pursuits of men, con.
der as remnant of barbarian dsgracefnl TO an en-
iShcncd age inconsistent with the frat princin. of
9uona liberty hold government to be utterly incapa-
9le from its position, OF exercising such power wisely
prudenty or justly Are the rulers OF the world the de-
posiories OF It's collected wsdon Sir, can we FORGET the
advice OF great statesman his son--'sGo see tho
world my so' that you may learn with how little wisdom
mankind is governed" And is own government an
exception to this rule, or 10 not find here, az every
where else, that
Pays such fantastic ticks before high fioa,'n
rs makes the angels ,veer."
The gentleman has appealed the example Of otl,cr
naions: Sir, they are all against him. They have kaf
IN in 10 =, a.,
heartily sick oil them, and in Of ,i Go
wilnsy get RIA ol atYhifinent that there is eroyine
's' SSod, among all men of and reflection in that
country that The true policy of all nations to te found
n unrestricted industry" Sir in England thew are now
stracing their steps, and endeavong TO relieve then-
elves OF the system as fast as they can within few
years pact upwards OF three hundred statutes imposing
estictons in that country, have been repealed and
'ase has recently occurred there, which seems leave
10 doubt that Great Britain has grown great is,
Ar lusSs9on has declared not in consequence Of but
N spite Of her restrictions" The silk manuac ure pro
cced by enormous hountes, found to be in such
declining condition. that The government obliged 10 do
something TO it from total ruin. And what did hsy
do They considerably reduced the duty foreign silks
both the material and the manufactured article
The consequence was, the immediate revival Of the silk
manufacture, which has since been nearly doubled.
Sir, the experience Of France is equally decisive. Be-
naparcs effort Ia introduce and sugar has that
country millions and, but The other day foolish attempt
TO protect the iron mines, spread devastation through hGf
of France and nearly ruincd the wine trade, whch
oneiilh of her ciizcns depend for subsistence. As 10
Spain, unhappy Spain, fenced round with rcsicicus"
her experience, would suppose, would convince
any thing could hot he protecting system in politics. like
bgotry n religion, utterly at with sound piinci-
Pies and liberal and enlightened policy. Sir, say, in
the words Of the philosophical statesman of England,
" leave generous nation free seek their own road
10 perfection" Thank God, the night is passing away,
and have lived to the dawn of a glorious day.
The of free trade must and will prosper, and finally
triumph. The political economist is abroad; light has
into the world; and, in tbs instance, least
will not "prcer darkness rather Than light" Sir let it
not be said in after times, that the statesmen Of America
behind the age in which they livcdthatth ey iuiat
ed this young and vigorous country into tho onoFvatng
and corrupng practices of European nations-and that.
a the moment when the whole world looking 10
for example, orrayed ourselves in the cast-of fo
lies and exploded OF the old world, and, by the in-
PRODUCTION OF vile SYSTEM of artificial siimulans and pc
cal gambling impaired the helhful vgor Of the body
polite, and brought decroPude and premature dissOS
luton.
had intended Mr.. President, TO have said something
Of the constitutional question, but have oh oey taken UP
so much OF your tmc that shall not now enter iuo it.
I must be permitted, however, 70 remark thai as gem
cman is mistaken in suPoO ing that this objection TO the
projecting system Is OF recent origin Up 70 1871 u'O
question had been much considered, simply .0pea
the protection which manufactures had derived Na' mere
IS incidental ga duuca imposed Tor rcvcnua Tine a.t VI
1890 was purely that character; and even We act Of
1916 provided ilr II fiaiuuiou and not l'rc,ss u
duties But WHOM. 1924, the true character D. lis
system was dcvcIUp'l the constitutional objection +aJ
plainly and sir5n Insisted upon. Here BE- tLo language,
SIR that myself, oeld Oh that occasion, Gi7 flour
own gentlemen point out to me, ii they can, nc
p1icey which this government possesses adopt 5ys-
Tern or the avOwcd purpose OF encouraging particular
branches OF industry. Is my sober and deliberate OPT
o)n, that the Congress Of The United States have no more
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