Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1832-07-13

he substantive and essential powers reserved by the
States shall be thus attacked and annihated means of
executing the powers delegated to the General Govern
meh III may be safely assumed, that saoes
who had an agency in forming adopting our Constitution
imagined that portion of the taxing power of the
States, not prohibited them delegated TO Congress-
was to be swept away and annihilaed means of
cuhng certain powers delegated to Congress.
our power over means is absolute that the Supreme
'our VIII not call in question the constutionaity of an
act oil Congress, the subject of which sis not prohibited
ana Is really calculated 10 effect any OF the objects en-
ore me- taxes away powers expressly granted Con-
gress and rights scrupuously reserved to the States il
becomes US 10 proceed in our Legislation with utmost
cauuon though not directly, our own powers, and
the rights oil the States may be indirectly legislaed
away IN the use OF means TO execute substantive pow
ers We may not enact that Congress shalt no, have
the power OF exclusive Legislation the District of
Columbia, but we may pledge the faith of the United
states hat means OF executing other powers it shall
not oe exercised Tor twenty years for ever. We
may not pass an act prohibiting the States TO tax the
banking business carried within their limits but we
may as means OF executing our powers other OBJ
Jecs, place that business the hands our 40 ents and
en declare exempt from State taxation i'm their hands
nus may our own powers and the rights of the States
whlch we cannot directly curtail invade be FILTERED
away and extnguished in the means employed bv
US to execute other powers. That Bank of the United
States competent 10 all duties which be required nv
the Government, might he organized as not TO infringe
on our own delegated powers or the reserved rights of the
States DO not entertain doubt Had the Executive
oeen called upon to furnish the project of such instu
uon the duty would have been cheeruly performed =
In the absence OF such CALL is obviously proper that he
lures In the act presented, which, in his opinion make il
Incompatible with the constitution and sound policv
general discussion VIII now take place, elicting light
and settling important principles and a new Congress
elected in the midst OF such discussion and furnishing an
equal representation OF the people according
Ss, will bear to the Capitol the verdict of public opinon
and doubt not, bring this important question TO salts
factory result.
Under such circumstances the bank comes forward and
asks Tor renewal Of its charter for term of fifteen
years, upon conditions which not only operae "A gro,
~ 10 the stockholders OF many millions OF dollars but will
I inn llpuaI
Suspicious entertained and charges are made of
gross abuses and violation of its charter An Investigation
unwilinsly conceded, and restricted in time as
sariy TO make incomplete and unsatisfactory discoscs
enough TO excite suspicion and alarm. In the practices of
the principal bank, partially unveiled, in the absence of
Important witnesses, and in charges confident
W made, and as yet wholly uninvestgated, there was
enough TO induces majority Of the Committee of Inves
CATION, committee which was selected from the no.t
able and honorable members of the House of Represe
avcS TO recommend suspension OF further upon
the BILL and prosecution OF the inquiry As the cbnr,er
had yet four years run and a renewal now was moi
necessary TO the successful prosecution of lis business II
was TO have been expected that the bank ITSELF conscious
OF It's purity and proud OF its character, would have with
drawn lis application for the present. and demanded the
ssverest scrutiny into all its transactions In their de-
Ginning TO do there be additional reason
why the iunciionacs of the Government should
with less haste, and more caution the renewal OF their
monopoly
The bank is professedy established as an agent Of the
Executive branches of the Government and its constitu-
tonalty Is maintained that ground Neither upon tho
Pope present action, nor upon the provisions of this
act was The Executive consulted 1t has had no opport-
nifty say that neither needs wants an agent clothed
with such powers, and favoured by such exemptions
There Is nothing in its legitimate functions which makes il
necessary proper Whatever interest or influence
whether public or private, has given birth TO this act il
cannot be found either the wishes necessities the
Executive Department, by which present is deemed
premature and the powers conferred upon agent not
only unnecessary but dangerous to the Government and
country.
vi is to be regretted that the rich and powerful too often
bend the acts OF Government their selfish purposes
Distinctions IN society will always exist under every Just
/ nj faln Of
wealth, cannot be produced by human institutions In
the full enjoyment of the gifts of Heaven and the fruits OF
superior industry, economy and virtue every man is
equally enliiled TO protection by law But when the laws
undertake TO add 10 these and lust
nncia distinctions TO grant titles gratues and exclusive
privileges, 10 make the rich richer, and the potent more
powerful, the humble members of society," the farmers
mechanics and laborcrs, who have neither the time nor
the means OF securing like favors themselves have
right to complain of the injustice Of their Government
There are no necessary evils in government. Its evils
list only abuses II il wouId conine i,seIr IN oI
protection and, Heaven does its rains shower its avors
alike on the high and the low the rich and the poor il
would be an unqualified blessing In the act before me-
these Just principles.
Nor is our Government to be maintained or our Union
preserved by invasons of the gs powers of the
VeIal states In thus attempting 10 make General Go
vcrnmcnt strong, make it weak. It's true strength
consists in leaving individuals States as much as pos
slOe, 10 themselves in making itself felt i'm power
but IN Its benehcence not in its CONTROL but in its
ton, not in binding the States closely to the centre
bu; leaving each move unobsructcd in lis prooer orbit
Experience should teach wisdom. Most of the diff
cuties our government encounters, and OF the
dangers which impend over Unen have sprung from
an abandonment OF the Legitimate objects of by
our national and the adoption OF such principles
as are embodied in this act. Many rich men have
not been content with equal protection and equal benefits
but have bcsought 10 make them richer by act of Con-
gress by attempting crafty their desires we have, in
The results oil our legislation, arrayed section against
interest against interest and man against man. fearful
commoon which threatens shake the foundations of ouI
Mon Iii time opause i'm review our prnc
Pies and, possible revive that devoted patriotism and
spirit OF compromise which distinguished the sages of the
revolutions and the fathers of Union If we cannot al
once in justice 10 interests vested under improvident
giSlaion, make government what il ought be- We
can at least take stand against all grants of mono
poles and exclusive privileges against any prostitution
our government TO the advancement of the few at the
pense of the many and in favor of compromise eradua
reform in code Of laws and system of political economy
have now done my duty TO my country. If sustained
by my fellow citizens, shall be grateful and happy
not shall find in the motives which impel me ample
grounds for conenment and peace. IN the difficulties
which surround us, and the dangers which threaten on
institutions there for neither disrnay nor alarm
For relief and deyerance, let firmly rely that kin,
Providence which sure, watches with peculiar care
over the desnies OF republic and the intelligence,
and wisdom OF our countrymen. Through His abundan
goodness and their patriotic devotion liberty Uniof
will be preserved. ANDREW JACKSON.
! Washington July 10, 1892.
FOREIGN.