Vandalia Whig and Illinois intelligencer. [volume] (Vandalia, Ill.) 1832-183?, 1832-05-16
We should look

is very different from the short period whiGn Is
allotted for the duration of individual lie. Inc
honorable gentlemen from South Carolina well
and eloauently sad in 1924, "No great interest
of any country ever yet grew up IN day; MI
new branch of industry can become hrmiy anu Il
preftably established, but, ga iong course "
years: every thing, indeed, great anu so.d, 10
natnrea bv slow degrees; that which attains a
.needv maturity is Of small value, and is destineo
~ brief existeuce 1t is the order OF froVi,
3ence that powers gradually developed, shail
alone attain permanency and Pertectloh' nus
Tnust If he with our national institutions and ma
fional character ITSELF"
feel most sensibly, Mr.. President, now nuch
have tresspassed upon the Senate. MY aPo,o-
gy is deep and deliberate convicuoh' una. ;tv
great cause under debate involves the prosperity
oond the destiny of the Union But the best re-
outal 7 can make, for the friendly indulgencel
which has been extended to me by the oena'e,
and for which / shall ever retain sentiments u
lasting gratitude is to proceed, with as i'tie oe
Law as practically to the conclusion oil a discourse
which has not beeA more tedious 10 Inc Senate
than eyhausting te me. have now to CONSIDER
The remaining of the two propositions wnlch
have already answered. That is,
2dly, That, under the operation of the zAmerl-
can SYSTEM the products of our agriculture COM
rnand higher price than they would do without
it, by the creation of home market; and, by the
augmentation of wealth produced by manutac-
turing industry, which enlarges our powers OF
consumption both of domestic and foreign arti-
cles The Importance OF the home market IS
among the established maxims which are unlver-
sally recognised by all writers and all men.
However some may differ as to the relative ad-
vantages of the foreign and the home market,
none DEW to the latter great value and high con-
sideration. 1t is nearer to us; beyond the con-
troll of foreign legislation; and undisturbed by
those vicissitudes to which all international in
tercourse is more or less exposed. The most stu
Did are sensible of the benefit of a residence in
the vicinity of large mandatory or marke
town, of good road, or OF a navlgable stream
which connects their farms with some great CAPT
tai. If the pursuits of all men were perfectly
the same, although they would be In possession
of the greatest abundance OF the Partlclar pro
duce of their industry, they might, at the same
time, be in extreme want of other necessary art
Giles of human subsistence. The uniformity OF
the general occupation would preclude all ex-
changes, all commerce. 1t is only IN the diver
sitv of the vocatons of the members OF com
munity that the can be tound ior those SAL
utary exchanges which conduce to the genera
prosperity. And, the greater that diversity, the
more extensive and the more anlmating is the
exchange Even if foreign markets were freely
and widely open to the reception of our agricul-
tuTdl pTOuuCC, lrOtll H"tiS' "i" 'AAS us
lance of the interior. and the dangers of the
ocean, large portions of it could never profitably
reach the foreign market. But, let us quit this
field of theory, clear it is, and look at the prac
teal operation of the system of protection, be.
ginning with the most valuable staple Of our ag
riculture. r.-. .-.-
In considering this staple, the first circum
stance tina, excItes our surprise is the rapidly
with which the amount of it has annually in
Al.
that the cultivation of it could not have been SC
very Improbable? Ii the business were ruinous
would more and more have annually engaged in
it? The quantity in 1916 was eighty one mil
lions of pounds; in 1896 two hundred and four
millions; and, in 1880, near three hundred mil
lions! The ground of greatest surprise is, that
1t has been able to sustain even its present price
with such an enormous augmentation OF quantity.
1t could not have done il but for the combined
operation of three causes, by which the consump-
ton Of cotton fabrics has been greatly extended,
in consequence of their reduced prices: LIST, com
petition; I'd, the improvement of labor saving
machinery; and 3dly, the low price of the raw
material The crop of 1919, amounting to eighty
eight millions of pounds, produced twenty one
millions of dollars; the crop of 1923, when the
amount was sweiled to one hundred and seventy
four millions, (almost double that of lS19,) pro-
duced less sum, by more than half million Of
dollars; and the crop OF 1874, amounting to
thirty millions of pounds less than that Of the
preceding year, produced million and half of
dollars more. .r.s- t.t,sfe
If there be any foundation for the established
law of price, supply, and demand, ought not the
fact of this great increase of the supply to &C.
count, satisfactorily, for the alleged low price Of
cotton? Is it necessary to look beyond that sin
gle fact to the Tariff, to the diminished produce
of the mines furnishing the precious metals, or to
any other cause, for the solution? This subject
IS well understood in the South and, although II
cannot approve the practice which has been in
troduced, of quoting authority, and still less the
authority of newspapers, the favorite theories, II
must ask permission of the Senate to read an
article fron Southern newspaper. Here Gen
eral HAYNE requested Mr.. Clay to give the
name of the authority, that it might appear
whether it was not some other than Southern
paper expressing Southern sentiments Mr.. CLAx
stated that it was fIom the Charleston City Ga
zette, one, he believed, of the oldest and most
respectable prints in that city; although he was
not sure what might be its sentiments on the
question which at present divides the people of s
South Cardinal The article comprises a full {
explanation of the low price of cotton, and as
Signs TO 1t Its true eiuse-increased production c
Let US suppose that the home demand for cot If
= on winch has been created by the American v
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