Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1832-12-11
69I.OOO 90

the Convention, will be payable, estimated
at 69i 900 90
Which, added to the expenditures viii make
the aggregate charge upon the Treasury
for the year, exclusive Of reimbursement
of the Public Debt, Is ST. 35
In the year 1885, the first instaent payable under the
Convention with France, for ndcnes American CHI.
zens, will also be received into the Treasury though
will form part of the disposable means.
Taking average of the mporatons for the las, six
years probable criterion OF the ordinary importations
for years 10 the revenue from customs a, the
rates Of duty payable after the 81 March next NAV be
umated al eighteen millions annually The public lands
bank dividends an other incidental receipts may be es
mated at three nilonsmakng aggregate venue of
about wcniyone millions year In the las; annual re-
port on the state of the finances, the probable expenses
for all objects other than the public debt were estimated
at fifteen millions. This is still believed to be fair esli
mate; and there will be annual surplus of six mil
lions of dollars.
Sill firmly convinced Of the truth of the reasons then
presented for reduction OF the the wants of the
government, am again urged by of duty sug-
gcs that further reduction OF six millions of dollars be
made, to take effect after the year 1888 Whether tina,
shall consist altogether of dimnution of the duties on
imposs, or partly OF REIMBURSEMENT OF the public lands
as source OF revenue then suggested il will be for
the wisdom OF Congress to determine.
without adverng in unnecessary details 10 the consi-
deraons in favor of lesscning the existing duties which
had The honor present as well in the last annual report
as in that called for by special resolutions of House
Representatives, deem proper to observe, that my
own mind these considerations have lost none of their
force, but have derived weight from subsequent re-
Election.
The purity and simplicity of the institutions under which
has pleased Providence make great and
nation; the lew objects,-an those general natureto
which the powers OF the Federal can be a
Propratey appied and the great diversity of interests.
which, from their local and geographical position prevail in
the several States, composing the Union imperiouslv re-
qure that the amount of the public expenditure should be
regulated by prudent economy, and that no greater
amount OF revenue should be collected from the people
than may be necessary for such scale expenditure
The main purpose of taxation by the general Govern.
meni according the spirit of the Constitution undoub
edy is pay the debts and to provide the common de-
fence and general welfare of the Union bv The ncan %
q ia lrnaIty a,l.n;tto a..
may and ought 10 be directly counterac oreip
legislation injurious TO ourown enterprise, and incidentally
to protect industry especially those branches
necessary to preserve within ourselves the of ma
tonal defence and independence And although the ex
ecise oil the power in either depend
upon the cause which may call FORTH the powers of taxa
ton imposing large and permanent buthens for the en-
enlargement OF particular classes cannot be exercseJ-
and by slender maorites- with proner re-
gard TO the equal rights of ALL and il be concealed
that permanent system of high projecting duties directly
tends to build mp favored classes, ultimately pejudica to
the safety of the State.
Deeply impressed with these reflections which are now
rendered more urgent by the reduced aud limited de.
mands OF the public service, had the honor, the last
session OF Congress, 10 recommend reduction of the u
lies TO the revenue standard. The force these and 81
mlar consider aions and OF that cudaton may be
supposed 10 have received at that time, the sanction of
Congress, End lave frmed motive OF the act of IN.
lith July lost; notw outstanding it not then deemed
practicable FULLY to adopt The rec0mme ndalion OF the De-
partmSn ny that act however, besides The POSITIVE re-
duo ion both in the rate and in the Of duty the ex
pdiency OF adapting the the expenditure and
al xtent
acknowledged, and the oppressive system o minimum
was for the most part, abolished. BY that sc also The Sc
articles principally necessary Ter the main nee and
clothing OF the labo of tie South and Soutb.w,.,
WERE 10 certain degree relieved and both by its direct
enacmens and as incident its main scope il encour
aged an increased consumption of such articles epend
ed for their fabrication the materials and pro-
ductions OF tile South. To extend and improve the de-
mand for those productions by substituting as far az pac
ucable in general u'e fabrics, for those made OF
materials from other countries, was not unmportan
object Of the bill presented from this Department
In the reduction then recommended the necessity of
adapting the proposed changes 10 the safety of existing
establishments raised up uniCr the auspices Of past ees
aton, and deeply involving The of large portions
OF the Union, distinctly r, coeuized: and il ia Iii,
deemed 10 be not lass imperous, in the further changes
which may be considered expedient. Such necessary
however, arises rather om just and prudent regard 10
the rights and Int rests of The whole community han
from any absolute pledge of the faith Uncontrolled
by Communicable principles of orr republican in
SUI i0hs 1"""n;entnce any system oil legislation not in
the nature OF compact iIdependt MT OF tie popular will
tending 10 deiea; the action OF the constituent upon the
representative, and TO exclude the operation OF changes
in the coEdii Of bile aId s. or i'm pul lie opinion nm
the national councils. Ia thi, all other instances
the causes which call for til: legislative action must de-
termne lis duraIion and that legislation, especially
which conies avo upon particular classes has other
claim 10 permanence aa its tendency advance the in
terests and property OF The whole.
To aid American enterprise, in every branch of la
oour and by seasonabe encouragement foster pre-
within ourselves the of national defence and
independence led TO the protective system in the infancy
OF the Government To counteract the policy and rysry
ence upon American industry indemnify the latter
against the superior SKILL and capital cheapness of la
borln older and more experienced countries; TO sue
cour American capital which the of the last war
had devoted TO manufacturing employments recommend
ed an occasional extension Of that policy, which has been
literally enjoyed by the manufacturing classes since the
act of the 4h of July 1889 In the course of that time
however, the capital and of the country have
augmented in ratio beyond the expectations and hopes
Df the most sanguine American enterprise aud ngenui
~ are where powerfully the objects of admira
uon and IN many branches maintain without exaordna
ry aid a successful competition with those Of other ma
lions. by the abundance Of provisions in tie United
States, and the surprising increase of population, the
widespread facilities OF water power, the improvements
as well in personal skill as in machinery of all kinds and
the general advancement and diffusion of all the lights of
arts and sciences and the reduction duty both on the
raw material and other articles of consumpon the cost OF
labor and production have only been Iesened but in
great measure equaized and in this view of the subject
IS not perceived that there exist the same ne
cessity for high protecting duties that which was con-
suited in past legislation. To perpetuate system of
encouragement, growing out of different of things
would be TO confer Advantages upon the manufacturing
United States and 10 the favor bounty of the
Government into permanent obligations Of rght-acquir-
ing strength in proportion 10 their continuance
IL will be conceded that when the fair rate OF profit at
tendant upon the sagacous employment Of capital in the
United States, IS satisfactorily ascertained il may be wise
so lar TO protect any important branch against the Injurious
effects OF foreign rivalry may be necessary preserve
for II the rate Of profit is enjoyed By others IT,
however, by protective legislation otherwise the pro-
manufactures advaniageously and prohtably in any
other branch Of labor all hings considered he could not
reasonably demand The rate Of protection which
should enable manufacturing labor, conducted upon Dor.