Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1832-12-28

proceeds arc TO be applied 10 objects Unauthorized by the
Constitution. These facts are noiuroust,,cse objects
openly avowod. The President without in,,iuiips any
nquson into motives, has himself III recovered ani pub.
ciy denounced them; aud his officer of finance il even
now, ueNising measures Intended we are told 10 cor.
rect these acknowledged abuses.
Is vain and idle dispute about orls TO ask whether
NhlS right ot State lneTpositon may he most properly
styled, Constitutional sovereign, or reserved ruhi
In calling this right constitutional it could never have
been Intended TO claim il right granted bv or derived
from the Constitution but is claimed consistent with
lis genius, its letter and sptii; il being rot only dis
uhcty understood at the time Ot rlymg the COnSitu-
ton, bat expressly provided for, in tie inslrim,u at itself
that All sovereign nights mot agreed he exercised CON
jointly should TIC cxcrted separately 10y the States Vr-
gn' declared, la reference tc rg lat asserted i'm the
Resolutions ot 80 above sioed even after having fully
and accura ely CN1mined and re- these Re-
solutions ''i!nt she found it to be her duty
10 adhere To the same, founded in truth cOnsoant
tth tl'e Constitution, aud conducive its welfare -
aud Mr. Madison himself, asserted then, be perfectly
constitutional aud conclusive"
IL - wholly nnaeFial, however, hy what name this
night may be called for the COns ution lie ga compact
10 which the SAFES parties, il 'acts OF the Federal
Government are no further valid than they authorized
10y the grants enumerated in that compact then we have
the authority of Mr. Mdjion himself for tue inevitable
conclusion that ~, ga plain principle illustrated by COM
mon practre, and essential tie nature of con,pacts
that when resort be had tribunal superior to the
authority of the pres the parties thcnse YES mus, be
the rght Judge ia the last resort, whether the bargain
made, has hccu pursued Violated The Constitutions
continues Mr. Madison, 'tcOS formed by the sanction OF
the States, giUca By each ia lis sovereign capacity the
= aes then being parties 10 the constitutional compact
ana IN their sovereign capacity, it follows OF necessity,
% de.
eide IN the asresort whether the compact made by them
he violated; an consequently at the parties TO it,
tey must themselves decide in the Last resort such ques-
IONS "a may be OF sufficient magnitude TO require their
terposilion"
If this right does cxist in the several States then it
j. clear that the discretion OF Congress and not the on
suion, would be the measure OF their powers and this
says MIR. Jefferson would amount TO tue seizne, the
gh's OF the States and consolidating them in the hands
OF the General government, with power assumed 10
bind the States not only in made federal but i'm all
cases whatsoever; which would be surrender the form
OF government we have chosen live under one dery-
ing its power from its own will
We hold IT to he impossible to resist the argument that
he several States as sovereign parties the compact
must possess The power, in of gross, deliberate
and papahe violation OF tho constitutions TO Judge each
Tor useD as well OF the inacou the mode and mea
sure OF redress ours is a CONSOLIDATED GoyrRN-
MENT' -" without Limitation of powers,'-a submission
TO which, Mr. Jefferson has soennlv pronounced 10 he
greater evil than disunion itself If 10 borrov IN. Ian,
guage of Maison's Report deliberate exercise of
dangerous powers papaby withheld by the constitution
could not justly he parties TO it, in infeposing even so
Ir as 10 arrest the progress NJ The er and thereby 10
PRESERVE THE CONSTITUTION ITSELF, as well as to
provide Tor the safety of the parties it, there would he
an enu 10 al reie from usniped power and direct sub
version oil The rights specified recognised under all the
State Constitutions, well plain denial the finda-
mental principle on which independence itself was
The only plausible objection that can be urged against
tins right so indispensable 10 the safety of the States is
that it may be abused. But this danger is believed IN he
altogether imaginary So long Union is felt as
blessinS-ond this will be just so long the Federal Co
yernment shall conine its operation within the acknow
lodged limits OF the charer-therc will he temptation
Tor State TO Interfere with the harmonious operation of
the system There will exist The strongest motives TO in
duce orbearaTc, and prompt aggression on Ell
er SIDE so soon as shall come to be universally felt and
lodged that the States DO stand to the Union in
the relation OF degraded and dependant colonies but that
our Donu oil union i formed by mutual sympathies
common interests The answer TO this objection has
been given by Mr.. Madison when he says
alt does not follow, however, that because The States
uldmaEeign parties to the constitutional compact must
decision ought 10 be ncrnocd either ' in that such
case of ordinary v interior occasions Even in h
Is always laid down that lie breach must be poi with
and material 10 Justify application of the rule Bt i'm
the case OF an intimate constitutional union Etc tho,
81 He Ch'ed states, 1t is evident that the nterposion of
o PIrdeS IN her sovereign capacity, be called for
ny occasions only deeply and essentially Affect the VII
TAI principles OF their political ~ STEM
iAperGnce demonstrates that the danger is not that
on ch, , rIO, 10 ner sovereign rights too frequently
on "6'' "i'" Trivial occasions, but that she may shrink
from asserting them as often as may be necessary
= maintained 10y South Carolina, that according 10
we "uc spirit OF me Constitution, il becomes Congress-
IN an emergencies like The preren either TO rcnove ,b
' oy legislation, or 10 solicit of the States the call of
convention; and that failure TO obtain Nv tho corsa,t
oil u'ree-iourhs Of all The States an amendments ,;,
'e UisPncd power must be regarded as never havn7
Seeh intended to be given. These principles have been
distinctly recognized by the President hnsef in his mes
sage 10 congress at tue commencement of the present
si9n ana they seem only be inprac,icaLe a>ni,ies
whcn serted by South Carolina or made applicable IN
"eI eA!shhG controversy with the Federal Government
i''' seems mat South Carolina receives from the re-
uen' no c'eIt Tor her sincerity, when l. is declared
'"ouSh her Che VI gisTaie that sFe si.cereIv and
anXiousy seeks and desires" te submission o. hor ?r
ahces 10 conv ion OF al the ~a;es Tbe on, ,I7erna
I'VE lSays The Presidency which She pres /. the yeneoJ
" u" me dctS l0r raising leaving the Govern
eh' WI hoh me mans OF support, an acouescence
t 4'SS0'uti0n " eur Union" south Carolina ,s prc
sSned no such aicrua Ives. # die President b,J aa
Uhe documents winch tie Convcn ion caused 70 he for
""'ueu 10 hn Tor The oYgr purpose OF making known
ner " shes anj Der vi W. he would have ourd lbot
carolina asks 40 more ihan jhs the Tariff .houIJ h.. 70
"uced 10 the Fereauc standard; and has die incv ~
Pesseu her Willingness, that an am unit of duties sub
s'an'hiy uniform, shrud be levied upon protected as
wen As "Polec ed articles sufficient 10 raise the ycre
"~e necessary 10 meet the in8nds lie foye,uurnt
lOr constitutional purposes. lie would have found II,
tle Exposition PIT to tn by The Conven ion itself die.
hc' "Pp'I 10 orr 'ter states, for the call OF Conven.
uon an tie exp ession of an erire WILLINGNESS On The
part OF SoJth CafOin To submit the controversy 10 la,
tribunal Even at lie very moment when g. was in.
Hug,hg IN these unjust and injurious itnputsd ms on he
people OF sou larOinl, and TIER late iyIv cted
mel 'o%srde, resolution ad ac,uhv been n,ssed
hOuEh no bIdnches Of our H. gi-llure, dcuIsnirng
G." ." lat very OWvcnton, 70 " ich he declares hat
s"i 'an no sire ihat an appeal sh uld be n ade
~ "oes not become lie dignity OF a SOVEREIGN State IN
nolce Z" We 'iiri which might be considtteI belong
"E 10 nc occasion, the uuwdr atahle in.puaions m
WE" VIC it-ll nj has tho GIT proper iuulge in re.
- ION HJWh CaOinl ia. PROCEEDINGS Of he r,,,.ns
ana cons Iut aIhoucs. lie has noticed only IN Give
conn' nance hat MISERABLE SANDER Which minutes the
oDe STAND iht our people have taken in defence Of their
riga anu Hbrrtet 10 faction inst sHfed bv the eIor
o. lew anb ons ieaIcrs WHO have got no an excitement
IoT We own personal 'tg and'z meut The motives and
C"'a US W'sc ThO have hccn subjected TO these un
'uhiec inph diiOns, are beyond the reach OF the Pres
"eht OF me mted states The sscribces they IA i've
"'le' AMI di tcuies and lrids through which lhey mhy
nave yet 10 pas', viii leave doubt as 10 the
uI 20 lff..rs a.