Constitutional Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1824-1832, 1831-11-07

Of ca pital ofllbor and lands tho price will full 10
the lowest price for which the article can DO haGe
in the most favorable situations, and thiS Is tho
natural result OF free trade and lar cohpo'"'"h
every where. -,
The nominal state of things is changed. The
relative state remains umaltcrod. One hunuFeu
ba.os o. cotton will represent as much now "s ut
any former time, and Will buy 4" uiuch lahu' an"
a. many slaves, and yield much interest ON the
"a ital.
| conclude, moreover that If there IS bnrthon
upon the planting interest, the removal VIII oPe-
TIC equally upon the new as the old States, ana
that if this or any other cause should render cot
ton pIantipr more profitable III the States than
at present il would cause greater capital TO be
employed, and an increased production, which
would soon bring the price down to It's present rate
profit; which is quite equal to the PROFIT upon J.
nv other labor or capital in tho country.
| hope to be able to shew you in my next, that
the planters, as such, do not feel tho tarih e
No. 2.
The people of South Carolina seem to believe
the heavy eSactlons made upon the country since
the late the result OF the protective policy,
and they ascrioe all the evils they feel tclgn To
that cause. Tho late War left us with heavy
debt, which it became the policy OF our public men
10 discharge; for this purpose Congress directed
the application of ten millions year, and any sur
plus that might remain after delraymg the ordlna
! ~ expenses of Government. THIS has rendered
1t necessary to pay annually from ~ to 70 millions.
! Ii the payment OF this is Durthen upon IN
dustry, ana oppressive TO the people, the fault Is III
the policy OF paying of the pubc debt 50 rapidly,
not IN the mode i'll which the money mas been le-
wed. IL would have required an ad vaiorcm duty
| OF 30 or 334 per cent. upon imports 10 have
made that amount. Would that duty have talien
tighter or more equally upon the country, or have
renewed in amy degree the Uurthcn upon labor Or
could thoy have been adjusted III any way TO ope-
rate more eg idliy
| Ii the Tariff oppressive, it arises from the
! heavy dHlo1Ht drawn from the people as revenue,
and Il unequa!ly, from the mcdc OF collecting the
tax, by inposts. Bat if % or 25 millions year
were drawn from the people by direct taxation,
would that DO less oppressive or more equal On
the contrary, would IL not be an Intoerable bur-
then, expensive and almost unprecedented Would
1t not lead to louder complaints, and more violent
ncaSurs than now menace the peace vi the coun-
| try!
Ine questions presented to the American peo-
pie were, W iii you pay the puolc DEBT, or leave
| tne interest perpetual tax upon our industry
How much VIII you draw from the people an.
nua.iy!
How will you levy 1t by imposts or by direct
! tax
| If by imposls how shall it be levied, by specific
or ad valorein duties
Having determined upon the amount and Che
mode, now vast possible to adjust these duties, So
as not to operate Denetically upon our industry p
Exactly you increased the duty Oh the foreign
articles, you protected this incident
|
| duty OF 335 per Get. adj valore.n would it il
produced 20 nIiiIons, DC the same III effect upon the
people and on the whole mass of labor; the Peep {
would pay as much and the amount of protection
would DC great.
But duty OF 3S3 per cent. upon tho specific ar
tices would not produce 70 millions. In order t.
produce that revenue 1t became necessary to levy
certain specific duties ut much higher rate. These
although above the general average of duties fel
equally upon the different parts of the country
however they may operate upon different classes
being chiefly articles of first necessity, and no
produced to any extent i'll the country
One third of the whole amount of the revenu,
is produced from articles not made III the UniteC
Std,es, and therefore protect nothing in it. UpoI
these articles the highest of duties has beer
cvied The remaining two thirds necessarily pro
tcct domestic industry If it is thought this ope
rates more bcucticlaliy upon the North than upoi
the South, the fault is in the system by which yol
undertook to pay off the public debt, and in the
mode of icvylug so large The industry o
the North has been greatly benefited BY this Incl
dental protection ; but then, exactly as YOU kav
rendered tLeir labor more profitable, you have cna
Died them to consume a larger portion of goods
aud thereby TO pay much larger part of the duty
Now IL was the South, and especially the Repre-
sentatives OF South Carolina, that urged in com
mon with some other States, the immediate pay
ment of the public debt, and the creation of sink
lug fund 0! ten millions year, and they were tn
foremost and the lOuGcst in favor OF Il system O
duties for the double oblSct of revenue aud protect
iona protection which they said would indemni
y The country for its losses during the war
protection, they said, not of the manufacturer, bu
Of the great interests of the country, which the
deemed essential to its security, independence an
prosperity.
How this with the North7 They were com
mercial and navigating, and in eminent degre
prosperous. They sad, let aone--do not des
troy our commerce by your reguatons but an em
barge was laid upon their ships, and runous re
sirIctions upon their trade. They were then in
: voived in war, and in the midst ofths distress
double duties added. When peace came
was determined TO draw from the people % mil
lions year, which, by magical influence
was TO restore the country, protect our own indus
try, and render us independent. Against all thi
the North demonstrated. They declared the law
unconstitutional, but they were enforced The
said they unjust, unequal and oppressive, bu
they obtained no relief. They said, leave us free
ont restraints imposed. They yielded to IL,
laws which they resisted long as they coull
and when they have adapted themselves to thi
system of policy, they accused ofal the evil
which have grown out Of the system which wa
imposed upon the country. They claim all th
merit of paying the public debt and throw upo,
them all the odium Of the Tariff.
From the ". YORK. Courier q, Enquirer Of Monda,