Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1831-08-25

r,t,act from Dir. Caihog"' Speech :" laro n, o Q
tin'. ..b,,,, of Internal ImproUement--in 1917
,,i he said that Internal improve men
n. who'll, sef. To the enterprize ot tbs
m', ,od of individuals. | know. that much
oi" s.,,y he expected TO he done by them
may ,.oun,ry go new, and SO extensive a,
o"' :" ,Sars room enough. fo- all the general
0''' ,,t, rorsrnmenis and individuals,,n which
u'a ,srt their resources. But many of The I'M
',.supnts contemplated. are on too great a
~, for the resources OF the states or indIvIdu-
md many OF such a nature that the rival
as of The states, II left alone, might
lent. They require he resources and The
p.raj u,psrintendence Of ms government 10
ssg,ci aud complete hem. B't there are HIGHER
more ,oserfnl considerations iUhy Coa.
' '.,, ouphi 10 take ehayge Of this subject II
s...re only TO con. Ider the pecuniary advau
80 good system Of roads and canals
'..I,, ,,deed admit Of some doubt whether
nnobt nj to be left wholly IL individual
,,ons hut when come TO CONSIDER how
,',,,,.,eIy the strength aud political prospect
.. oC the Republic are Connected "ih this SUBJ
-, ,e find the mos, urgent reasons why We
,.bo Id apply our resources TO them. In many
,,,,. no country of equal population aud
lib possesses equal materials OF power
a ours The people in muscular power, in
Ia and enterpr zing habits, and in lofty and
,II,n, courage, are surpassed by none. la
"a. re,pec,. and. in my opinion, one only, are
90 weak We occupy surface prodIg lOnsly
~,eat in proportion TO our numbers. The com
man str ngth IS brought 10 bear with great
hCiculiy on the point Tint may be meaaced
r,., enemy. II is our duty, thcn as far as in
Inc nntare of thugs II eau he effected, 10 conn
,,,,et this weakness. Good roads ami canals,
Lid mt he edu
:, Bul on this snhj'ct OF national power, what
-, h, more important than II perfect unity Ia
-, nart az feelings aud sentiments Aud
hi an tend more powerfully 10 produce II
-, overcoming the eff cts OF distance No
,,,trv ENJOYING freedom, ever occupied 8ns
,b,np like as great an exten' OF country as THIS
,ennblic. Que hundred years ago, the most
,l,und philosophers did not believe il Il be
aa,en po.sble They did not suppose II possible
II a onre relublIc could eYlst on as great a
ale even AS the Island of Il eat Britain. What
,,e,wss considered as chimerIcal we have
now the felicity to enJ ~, aud what rs most re-
,o,rkanIe. such is h happy mould of our gov.
.,nmput so well are the state aud general
,nweIs blended, that much OF our political hap
,,,nass draws is oIIsIn from the extent of gu,
rspublie II has exempted ns from most Of the
r...es which dist,ac the small republics OF
~,
let # b, forever KEEP. IN mod, that It exposes IL
10 the creates, Of all calamilies Mt TO The los.
al hleIty, aud even TO ha , in ils cou,sqpeuces
dsuaIon. We nre grfat. aud rapid y, wa
sbonr 10 say, fesIfuliy gro"inf. Inns Is oar
urldr snd our danger, our weakness and or
strength. Lutte does he deserve TO be entrus.
ted win the liberties OF tbs people who does
no, raise ms mind 10 those truths. We are un
DIR the most lmperlous Obligations 10 Counter.
act every tendency TO dlsunon. The strop-
opst of all cemputs is, undoubtedly the WIS
dom, stce, and. above all, the moderation 81
this HoIse; yet the great SUB ect ON when we
ere now denberaIng, an tins respect, deserves
the NOS saTtO1s consideration Whatever
IInuedrs the luteI couTse OF the extremes, with
Ibis, the centre ot the republic. wcakens the
uniou. The more enlarged tue sphere oi com
fnarliai circalptiOn, the more extended that oil
social intercourse the MIRO strongly are we
bount Jogelher, tho more insepar able are
drsunlrs Thos who understand the human
Aesrl best, know how powerfully distance
teuds to break the sympathes ot our nature.
aolnlng, not even dlss,miIarIty .ot language,
tends more o estrdnge man from man. Let Us
then bind the republic together with perfect
system OF roads and canals. Let us conquer
.nsce II is thus the most distant parts OF the
republic will D. brought within II lew days
travel Vi The centre II IS thus that a cuIz II vi
the wesi will read the news vi Boston sui
moist from the press
Mr. Calhoun goes on TO argue IN favor OF
the constitutional power of the General Gov
comment over toe subject of internal Improve
mems, most lngeniously of course, and crrtnin-
" with as much OF enthusiasm as he now dis.
plays IN defending the opposite view of he
question. He then uent tkc lohOle for The doc
time of implied construction and could see no
pos.ihle danger IA it. Hear him on this sub.
j.cl:
1T il not lie argued, that the construction
flr which | contend, gives a dangerous eKient
a. the powers oil congress. Ia b point Of view
conceive il 10 he more sale than III" opposite.
By giving reas9nRb' extent 10 the money
power, il expmpts fIom the necessiy OF giving
u strained and forced Con,fIu.,itnn 10 The 9th.
er enumerated powers Tor instance, It the
money could he appl ed 10 the purcua, OF
Louisiana, as | cohIend, then there was ~ con
snturional dltii Guilty III that purchase but If IL
could nat, then are We Compelled either 10 de :
my that we had the power TO purchase, or to
strain some OF the enumerated powers TO prove
our ripht has, foI instance, been said, that
we have the right 10 purchase, under the pow
eT 10 admit new statrs Construc'Ion, ! viii
venture say, far more forced thnn the one TOR
which contend Such are my views on our
right TO pass this bill.
| believe thai the passage OF the bill will not
be much endangered by a doubt Of he po'cer.
as Iconceioe om mat Poth there are mol mdny
rho are opposed.
five are In believe his late Expose, Mr.. Cal
honn row looks forward with great apprehen,
sIon TO the day, when, relieved from the Ma
fional Debt. our Treasury will overflow with a
suTplIs revenue. He drnounce,, in advance,
The idea OF the Federal Government seeking
new objects of appropriations OF. in other
words, contributing money TO the various
schemes OF improving the channels OF inter
communication betweea different sections OF
country, now in a state of progress, or which
may hereafter be projected. Such was not al
ways his doctrine. 1t the reader peruse the
following additional extract from his Speech in
1917, and he viii see how extensive were the
views of the gentleman then-how little dread
lie then had oil this fearful power Of appropria-