Constitutional Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1824-1832, 1831-11-10

Frsau II. as essntry, sssis tea soiee, wine,
brandy, spices, silks, linen, SC. Now upon these,
To the extent OF one third ufthc revenue i. must &c
admitted, the tariff operates rqus!y upon the
States, and the duties 90 direct into tho Treasury
As il CARDS the cthor t~o-thisds, it is tax up
on the people, and upon ali the labor of the coun-
Try very generally and equally diiusod, and il has
been shswn that the unproductive classes pay the
tnmc ia "fcry State.
Nov l. South Carolina purchased oii her articles
OF consumption from abroad, aad paid tho duties,
.t"ou'o b" NO moyc than her just proportion; but
Sh" purchNs.s a portion oi domestic goods upon
, V ch snc does not pdT brHcr Pre-" tlian upon
the fore IN, bal the proportion Of the price whic
is aa"od iii consequence of the duties, docs no: 90
10 lie Treasury. But shc pays more for one
than she would for the other. The only difference
20 her is, that the money does not 20 to tho Frco
sury. But she docs not pay her proportion of du
Ties I" the revenue, and then contribute also 10 the
support of domestic manufacturers it is tho sam
OF both that makes up her quota. She contributes
aportlon OF what sho would pay duties w I'M
ported goods, to tho encouragement of domestic
industry; SO also does every citizen OF every other
cta'c. But this domestic industry is now crco-
'on, that vastly increases tho ainoant of lNbor,
proht and income; which greatly Increase the asil'
" to purchase other imported articles that pay
duties, and thereby 10 add what could not have
been otherwise levied, considerable amount TO
Inc public revenue, and consequently to diminish
the proportions that would have hecn paid by O.
ther labor. II eight millions of productions i.
too III any State by this protection will not that
"'ato Contribute rs much TO the revenue as South
taroiina' and rs she contributes shc diminishcs
tho amount required of other States.
Ihe whole amount of exports does not exceed
hve dollars head. 1t would not furnish tho Eco
PIE with the common nesessarics OF lifc-not even
shoes and hats; domestic industry would supply tho
wants OF that portion that have mems to pur-
chase articles from abroad, and would consequent
iy pay no duties, and the whole burthsn OF tho
verne would fall upon the exporters of American
productions, instead of being cquulized as it new
is, over all tn o labor of the country.
1t is extremely difficult to trace tho operation of
the system, and its effects upon different States,
and upon different interests. The influence AT
the North is visible; at the South it is misunder-
stood 1t e1ctcS unjust preiudiees and loaleusIcs
and has awakened spirit otdscsntcnt unflvcrab!e
20 tho calm and dispassanate considerable which
the subject deserves.
The idea. las obtained at the South, that they
not only pay an unequal proportion OF the rove
nue., but that the whole amount is paid, by tho
producers of The articles Of expectation, and not
oy The consumers of the imported goods, upon
winch tho duties are levied. Thus expert ord-
nariiy less than 60 millions, of which twO-thiris is
made IN tho South, pays 25 millions, which ia
nearly one half, to tho Government. According
to this, S. Carolina must contribute near four mil
lions, which is half of her whole export and one
sixth of the whole revenue. Is not the statement
enough?
1t ID said, this is effected by the British manu-
iacture diminishing the price of the cotton, eQuiva-
tish goods imported into the United states
Besides the impracticability Of the thtng
from the very nature Of commerce, it would prove
that orr taritfnCt only reduced our cotton but IL
other; and that the cotton of Egypt and Brazil,
meeting ours in ;ho genera, market and regulated
by it, suffered also from the same cause equally
with ours.
Besides, if tho manufacturer could compel our
'hippers to sell their cotton, less tho amount of d-
ties upon all other articles exported to the United
statos, it IS clear that the duties being thus com,
pensated would not be added again to the import
cd article, and consequently the price would not
10 increased, and therefore would afford no protec
ton To manufactures IN our country. The fact, if
true, would prove that the tariff utterly useless
rs protection, and that they lose the reduction
on the cotton and pay the duties also.
1.-THE fact was true, the argument would lie I'm
snS"arah!c against any and all impost systems and
wsud apply to ali duties whether specific or adva-
lorenl--whothrr for revenue protection.
Tho argument proves that when the duties are
rcducad to tho reTenIe point, the producers will
still pay all The duties, aud the tariff will thcn 10 as
unequal and unjus., as it is now.
The idea cannot be seriously maintained, by
those who comprehend the operations of commerce.
the nature OF exchanges and the actual fthe
cotton market
The People of South Carolina arc, to 4 certain
degree prosperous, not sc fay orci,:y situated and
perhaps not so prosperous other Cotton States,
but relatively prosperous in reference the capital
and labUur of our country Shs is free at peace
happy in her condition it is the lot of human.
ty to be. The Tariffs not the evil that Expresses
her, and she will be surPr,zNi when the duties are
removed to find no material change and per-
ccp.ible Improvement in her condition.
If there is given tax upon cotton planters
say of per cent. the removal of that burthen will
operate as tayorabiy upon the other Cotton States.
and they will still enjoy any accidental advantage
of soil and climate.
/ But in that event ono of two things occur;
either the cotton will decline in the market equal 10
the burhen rem we'd, or the cultivation will be Ia
per cent. moro profitable. Now, it must be ohvi-
Gus Tint any material increase Of profit in tho ex-
tTcme South, will turn 4 large portion of capital
and labor into that field, and thus greatly increase
the quantity and diminish he price and tho profit
to fair average of capital and labor in all other
pursuits.
The reduction of duties which will necessarily
take place, will present curious results and
show the mysterious operation upon commerce, and
revenue, and prices. 1t will disappent The anti
ciPaiens Of those who believe they are oppressed
| by the Tariff, and lack to the modification as tho
remedy of all their OWLS, and who believe they will
hnd in revolution and disunion the realization OF
their golden dreams. Xs
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