Litchfield enquirer., 1831-05-05


 seen of the affairs of Poland. is given in the following letter of the correspondent Ot the London Times. It is of very late date.
 WarsotD. March l7.
 The notions entertained in Europe respect ing the forces Of Russia are so exaggerateu' that should almost fear of meeting w'th d's- belief in stating the exact truth on the snhJect' and without any parliality. When the lnsnr- rectiOn broke out in Poland, the Russian troops were in readiness tO march against France, and the Polish army was to Oe e'n- pIoyed as the vanguard. This fact has been proved by documents found in the residence of the Grand Duke Constantine, ana cannot admit of doubt. They prepared Tor an .e. ex- peditiOn of much greater importance !2e Russians entered Poland in numbers wEich' according to their practice, they had made ap- pear at least double what they are. The tru'n is, that they commenced operations with SO'- 900 infantry, 10000 regular cavalry great number of irregular cavaly, and 4OO pieces ot artillery.
 The fighting commenced on the 17th ot February, and continued until the %9tn w'th- out interruption. Notwithstanding tne'r great superiority in numbers, the Russians were ID. variabIy beaten. The battles Ot the lStn ana 25,h were real scenes ofcarnage. Since their entrance into Poland, the Russians would never fight in open country, but always on the borders of forests. into which they re-en- tered whenever threatened with an attack at the point ofthe bayOnet, or with charge of cavalry. The Russians were protected by their artillery, to which the Poles were only able to oppose about 100 pieces Of cannon "f inferior cabre. It is their immense superior ity in artillery which has saved the Russians from entire defeat. Had the Poles been able 1 asNA fr RSrINf in open country, where their charges of cavalry and attacks with the bayOnet would have met with 70 local obstruction, they would have defeated the Russians completely. The Po- fish cavalry, whose superiority is well known, has never been able to act: and yet what are the results of the campaign up to the present time? The Russians have indeed advanced, but they were suffered tO do SD in pursuance of the plan adopted by the Poles, and ns the ground was not disputed tO them. there could be no great merit in their progress. The most material results for the Russians are, ac- cording to their own acknow wledgment. 5000 killed, wounded, or made prisoners, 58 pie ces of artillery lost as well as seven ensigns.
 Since the 25th February the Russians have not undertaken any thing, in consequence of severe sufferings on that memorable day. du- ring which the Poles themselves had 5000 men wounded. They remained snule days before Praga, but they have lately abandon ed that position, and have commenced re- treating. Their situation is no doubt critical :; they are apprehensiye of wanting provisions, and the means of obtaining relief are distant Their wounded are in want of hospitals and proper care, and after having advanced so speedily. they find it necessary to retracc their steps, in order to join their reserve, so as to ensure the freedom of their c0mmuni- l. cations with Russia. The Russians are in Poland in the same situation as the French 1 were in Spain; they can only occupy the | ground On which they stand, and the instant they quit it, it is against them. This compeIs them to leave men every where. and puts them constantly in fear of partial reyOits, which it is necessary to rcpress.
 The Poles have commenced a war of par tisans. and will prosecute it with all the activ- ity which may be expected from their hatred against the Russians, and with desperate perseverance,. Already has General Dwer- nicki, at the head of a corps of 2O,OOO men, and with 80 pieces of artillery. (27 of which he took from the Russians) completely de- stroyed the corps of Gen. Kreutz. who was opposed to him, and carried the war into Russia. He has entered Lithuania, where the population, which is eager for indepen dence, and hold the Russians in as much cx ecration as elsewhere, have risen en masse on his approach. Other partisan chiefs already are exerting themselves with audacity and success tn the patatinates of Agustow and Flock. The names efthese intrepid men are GOdlewski, OlOrski, Bardski, Valentin, SIc. They are all of them held in estimation by the army, and their operations must soon lead to important results. Let us not think !, therefore, that the Russians only have to ap- pear in order to carry every thing as they may wish. A whole people is not to he ptr down in a hurry. and a struggle for national independence is very different thing from a mere political riot. @s.s.
 The Polish army is magnificent one; it is at present composed of 70. 900 infantry of the line, 2O,OOO Ofthe finest cavalry in Europe, and 5O,00O men armed with sythes, in the use of which they are particularly expert The whole Ofthese forces are perfectly equip ped and exercised, and they are commanded by excellent officers; the only essential arti- clc they are deficient in is muskets. Let the Poles be well armed, and the Russians are sure to be vanqushed. It is only arms that they ask for.
 The army has completed itself again since the 25th. All the regiments have their com plements, and they are about to take the of because the thaw, which is now fast will greatly impede the acti"n Of the Russian artillery, and must also render difficult all communications with the interior.
 Having given you an account of the state Of the army, shall now say few words rel ative to the state of the country.
 The whole population is under arms. Old, young. rich. poor. nobles. peasants, have all s,,ld;nps ps-cnmnOn soldiers -cOn-