Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1831-11-25

and ieh 10 zoe Onued a'ss The undsPuted monsPoiy
Of Wsde To This fortunae cot jupeture OF sreumstsn-
ees 10 to b. asa bed the rapid growth that has
ever been traced in tho m,tory OF any empire. TIE
Uuin Slatss no, only became The medium OF the
meree oi The world but their peaceful pcsen attract
ed tie emigration Of all those who had The means and
the wish to cssape from European troubles.
Amongst the Advantage which have resulted TO us
from this state OF thirg s have red ne evil. the
ELECT OF which moi CELEBRATED, at this day. As
,usomsd for Twelve or fourteen y-ars to commercial
speeusion' OF unparalleled as'ivi aod sueess', we
were taught TO think that national posperi was
insrparaby with The prose sutioa OF TIA krd
Of trade In which our citizens bad been Engaged, aud
were thus inss nbiy educated n Tho opiDirn that The
great interests OF our sommor eah would be Away,
fcustrned with foreign commerce exelusivsly EN-
pioyed in Ispsper'iug abroad the prcdus OF a2r
culture, and resolving returns In the manufactured
| commodities OF oher nations.
There was asothes circumstance that gave great au-
ttori ID this delusion The cotton manufacture Of
Great Britain was rspdly arising mo the greatest &C
iviiy and vigor n process Of time discovered
tia, The raw material fer this manuasure could be
sirsums.nses 'btn In any oih,r pat Of The world A.
hrs, but two or ,bree of States employed in
me cultivation, and tho demand tom England was
even greater ,han the supply The pre- OF this eul
tivaiicps therefore, we're almost unlimited. Tho por-
ions OF territory employed in he growing Of cotton
were small and The semmon opinion that but few
uSrcts In comparison with the great extent Of
isee could be appropriated 10 the culture In The
time, The cotton fabrics fused Europe, and
took place OF large quantities Ct those mnutae'ured
rom woo silk and max Every year demonstrated the
'nsrsasng importance Of this manufssiurs both 10 Eu-
rope and Anne riss aud no dem nd still continued
run The sUpI Iy These had thei. IL 1u.
enee In tn pressing upon our citizens exaggerated
dea Of tbs psrmar aud value OF this Of seri
cultural wealth and, Al ng with IL. tho value Of the
uade which was con esrnsd in ina OF N.
persuaded our planters to believe that they possessed
an almost ine xbau,iihs sources OF rsk,s: il unified
hem Tor iober calculations upon tho effects thai would
follow The exen,fo OF tho culture If cotton over the
fertile regions that yet lay Ia wilderness behind them:
md equally dnclBed them foreses the possibility
Of me manufacture Itself rsashng term ct which /,
IA GtatI and. Ia II. A.
tuay TO io' limit upon the demand, the very peri
Cd when The supply would be increased in an almost
ishti'e ra,io by the spread Of population other
stei oil our union, even propious than their own
10 We rrsdus'ion OF The plant II may, therefore, be
sohiiueIed misfortune. conse epou their fatmer
property, iha our citizens were amos, ire led
oy IL into deIusvo estimates Of MS true and permanent,
sources OF ma iona alh. II was ono re suit Of hi,
sac OF things ih>t whilst soun,rymen w.re inent
upon gather ng the hsrve which the distrsc led con-
diion OF the world had strewn before them thew NJ ere
unmndful Of tho future, ard neglected TO ire asure ND
the e.euen OF strength and fr sper which lay hid
den In mo boom OF the nation; and which, as III,
were independent Of foreign lrgaton or externsl as
ciden', wtrs mcs' likely TO furnish Tho means of
stat 10 and enduring happiness.
Itouble, soon aiterw ads broke out az home A war
threatened, aSd our ciuzens were suddenly Gallo 10
NEE. tremendous emergency. Our commerce was
put In letters by noG-imporiaon ass and embargoep
an! he crisis that succeeded found without the mos
ordinary resources Of an ndepe ndept people OR ar
mie went TO the ouiier clio he'd in tho iatrics Of the
neDy our mum ions OF were ea:bered a, eban.,
spPPid 'hem from The four quarters OF the earth: and
rs Whole lhugg'e was marked by the prodg sIiiy
waste end prvaon, Of ihrifie nation, taken st un
awafes and challenged TO a contest without Ihe neees
sery armour OF a eonibatsbt
When pleased He aven to reieue us from The I'm m
nen hazards OF tile doubtful and di ortionsd con-
nist, we faw around nation Of eight millions of ne o.
ple POI sessed OF territory nearly equal to tho sopt
nent OIL Eurepe, Ish in the unsaihered resources OF
every kind Of we sh just emerging from war NJ
t.o yea aud half wi h an euemy who had never as,
sembied an army OF more than thirty thousand mer-
aud yet deranged in oil it's channels Of Industry ex-
hau'ed, and on The verge Of bapkrutsy. Nothing bu,
he most pervefse neglect Of the fundamental pts
eenpecisd with u e proper administration OF The con
sefns OF Common eal:h scuid have produced such
These disaster, epsned syes 10 tome u,portsn,
iaes They demonstrated to us the necessity Of ex-
leading moro efficient proes ior at least 10 those
manufactures whi:h wsrs essential TO the defence o.
he nahon They proved to us the value Of nailoaai
currency, and he duty oipsO,es leg l. from the irf 4.
enee oil orfi disturbance: and amongst her thing,
oftqial moment, they made us a.qlainled with tue
lac, na' the iii,h manufacturers could find large
ano' u neesssary' complete supply Of cotton from
All these matters came into review before Consres,
d. 'no close oil mo war proper ascn for THAR
discussion arse when The ion was Submitted a, IN
redusIon OF Tho war duties The retu OF pease made
Unnecessary for the egsla taxa of the taxes tha
had been Imposed for delaying tho expenses q the
war; aud IN ms reduc i'm Of duties 10 what was con-
sidsrsd should be permanent standard. The cotton
lauung interest urged with great force and proprio,v
he ne se''i'y oil retaining sush duty a, should eS.
slude from the Amerean market all fabrics made from
the o,on Of he Eat Indies. II was an anom.Jv An
paTeoi to every citizen Of the United States Tia, our
government possessing 30 many facilities for supplying
Europe win cotton, should neverIheles allow trads
mat threw in upon US quantities of cotton cloth
produced al the distance OF ten thousand miller. iba,
our most common household suppl es should bs fur
ni'ed from such quarter Nothing was MOI general
ly Acknowledged than the duty Of tho soyernmen, 10
pro'ec, the eoon grower against such soi, pei ton:
aud his argument addressed TO tho alton nv the
cotton growing safes, even with the eonvisoD at ha,
line prevalent amongst themselves, that its aueeess
would be TO give than what Gsy be termed species
OF monopoly In the supply.
The duty was retained; and il 10 important 10 know
lhlt bsieg designed for the protection of the sotton
grower, IL was graduated scale prsei,av oua,a
10 that purpose. His interest required the ,x.,;or
Of tbs ESt india fabric, but supposed to he bosI.
TO the attempt Of tbs American ezsa 10 mannio,Inr.
,h material: the duty, therefore, adapted TO the
brst purpose, but not to the later Ii bsui,bed ,b
foreign manufas'ure;-t did not PROBES ct the bome.~
being thus accurately adjusted the wants and i,b,
OF tho planting interest," without profesrg 10 serve any
other. Wy
This placed commerce upon the most favour,h,
footing for tho cotton grower that could be an.
the nation, having thus performed its duty 10 ts ysi
able interest," turned its attention TO other branches of in
dus,ry. "
The Tariff OF 1916, IL may be remarked v,s mao
sure that met the appreciation of the large majority of ,h
people IN every section oil the Union. No partial or local
considerations were embodied against the operation of
eithers principles or policy. The southern states
even more forward than their northern confederaies ia
recommending the policy and defending il i'm tbs
ellis oil the nation by this tariff, various Inanufacres
attempted to be established in the JJni,sd S,'
The want OF skill and capital exposed these infant in
situations to herce and vndctiye competition from the
manufacturers OF Great Britain; and in three wears Al
most every capitalist who had ventured into this field o
enterprise was broken up. The heavy Ioes ami ;s,.
that visited this eDdeavour establish
sequenty urged the subject of more extended nro,e
ton upon Congress- and the result, after various .,r
giles, close aud elaborate inquiry and careful attention
TO the expanding means Of the country was The ss,s
blishment OF vigorous system. which Ia