Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1831-12-30

undergoing puvaoa and undermining their constitutions
quest of game vegetable product which might
afford Scanty an1 precorious subsistence. Working up
the road and the canal has tanned many rowing dis
podton-genera'cd habits Of regular iudusryproduced
In the breast of the hardy mountonccr love OF hoac love
ofwite children AMI freud 'owlch he wasa comparative
stranger before. Bi, illustrate by examples which
have taken from that admirable hlile work, the Working
Mans Companion: '.
the Highlands of Scotland atthc beginning OF the
present century, the communication from dl;sitt to
another, attended with such difficulty and louger that
come OF the counties were excused from enng jurors to
'hc circuit TO assist in thr administration Of justice, The
p'orPeopc inhabng these Sisricts were almost entirely
cut oil from intercourse with the rcs, of mankind The
Highlands OF less advantage 10 the British Enpye
than the most distant colony Parliament resolved
medy the eyil aud accordingly from 1902 TO 1917, the
in these mountainous districts Mark The important con-
sequences the pcopl. of the Highlands described ny
Mr.. Tsford, the Engineer Of the Road:
= In these works. and in the CALIFORNIAN Canal about
$500 nen have been annually employed. AZ first they
could scarcely work at all they totally quanted
with labor; they could not the tools But they have
since become excellent Nborers; of iat nambcr
slider onc-fourt! left annually, taught to work.
These works may be considered in the light of o
working academy from which have annually departed
improved worlInen These men have either returued to
their native districts having had the experience of using
the mos; perfect sorts OF tools and utensils (Which alone
cannot be considered less than 10 onany labour
or they have been usefy disseminated throughout other
parts ci the country. Since those roads made
sibe, whcclwghts and cartwrighs have been establish,
ed, tho plane has been introduced, and improved tools and
utensils used The plough previously used in ge-
ner1 IN interior and mountainous parts they frequently
used crooked sticks with iron them drawn pushed
changed; they see that they may depend on their own
exertions for support this goes silently and
~ perceived until apparent by The results con ler
these Improvements one OF the greatest blessings ever
conferred upon any country About 100000 have
granted in 10 years II has been the means OF advancing
the country at least 100 year. '-
"Thcrc are many parts OF ireland which sustain the
same mscries and Inconvenience from the of roads
the Highlands of Scotland did at the beginning of the
present century. In 1923, Mr.. NiInino the Engineer
stated TO Parliament that the fertile plains of Lime
Cork and Kerry. separated from each other BY
nssal,I,
them This country was the retreat of smuggcrs, rob-
beers and cuprits of every description. According TO an
other Engineer, Mr.. Grh h, this tract in 1924, was
wu' negccted aud deserted country without roads, cul
ture civilization The Government ordered roads 10 be
made through this barren district In 1929, in less than
years aier the commencement oil the roads, Mr.. Griffith
thus describes the changes which had been produced-
"a very considerable Improvement has already taken
place in the vicinity OF the roads, both in the Industry of
the inhabitants, and the appearance OF the country At
the commencement of the works, the people ockcd into
them, seeking employment any rate; their looks baggar
their clothing wrcchcd they rarely
implements beyond small ishapcd spadc and nearly
the whole face of the country unimprovcd. Since
the completion OF the roads, rapid strides have been made
upwards OF 90 new klns have been buil carts
ploughs harrows improved implements have became
houses of better have been built new
Enclosures madc and the has become perfectly
tranquil and exhibits of Industry aud exerion at
once pleasing and remarkable large portion of the mo.
ney received for abour, has been huSbandcd with care
laid out in building substantial houses and in the purchase
oil stock and agricultural implements; and numerous cx
ampcs might be shcwn OF poor aboers possessing neither
money, houses land, when first employed who in the
houses
and stock heir iand"-L Working Mans Companion
page 90.
2ndly. will proceed a brief examination of the
advantages of Internal improvement in connection with
civilization
And LIST. The moral condition of greatly dependent
on his physical The accumulation of competent wealth
at least essential 10 the happiness of man. When power
~ and want are pressing the great of the people
there Is feeling OF insecurity which dsturb their rcpose
there il deep anxiety about the morrow unprovded for
which destroys the cheeruness of their nature and en-
crosses all their ghts-aud from this source SPRINGS
in 4
who pressed by want have his so guarded
when he enjoys completeness he labors nndcr too ma
ny and too strong temptations vice. for poor a human
nature TO withstand. Never there more appropriate
prayer for fallen man. than that which says Lead
''It is hard, says Benz Franklin or an emp purse
70 stand erect And although solitary philosopher may
be great vruous and happy in the deph Of poverty,
never be with whole people. Where there Is but
;te wealth. there will be but little education and little
knowledge For, in the successful acqui of know
icdge' II may use the glowing language of Goodwin,
"Mnd must be delivered from her perpetual am about
corporal support and be left free expatiac in the field
OF thought which is congcnal to her" Without education
ignorance prevails; and when nurturcd the midst of gno-
rance religion matter how pure originally degencraes
INTO gloomy superstition, or dwindcs into senscess
ceremonies The increase of wealth. says President
Wayland and especially the Of Lei sure
among the moro numerous classes, is in many respects
greatly favorable to the progress OF Religion. He whose e
stence Is measured by unbrokcn periods either savish
toll, profound sleep, soon sinks in passive slbecon IN
the laws OF his animal Tighten his load and his
intellect regains its clascyhc rises to the region of
thought-brcathes the atmosphere of rcason-rcio;ccs in
Of mind Again-Where there universal poverty
there will not be proper administration oil Justice The
popular tribunal will feel fol- the offender and relax the ri
gor OF the law. The poor the jury sympahiscs
with the poor man who is convicted of stealing and law
ceases to exert its salutaTy restraint.
Every measure, therefore, which has q tendency 10 in
crease the wealth OF community, is calculated TO in
the total Of human happiness and 10 generate
an additional safeguard for the protection Of virtue and
morality. Now, have already seem when speaking of
the physical advantages OF Internal improvements thai
they well calculated to devcope fully and rapidly tho
resources OF country, and TO accelerate progress in
the accumulation of wealth. They must therefore indi-
recty operate advaniagcousy the moral and RELIGIONS
condition OF society The history of the world scarce fur
nhcs an example OF the regular and honest augmentation
oil nations wealth. without correspondent Increase of
happiness and constant and marked ameoraons i'm the
moral character OF its citizens and the downward career
oil empires IS almost always marked by those manifold
wees and consequent calamiies which flesh heir TO-
would not by any MEANS be understood as contend
ing Tor the necessity OF very large possessions in the hands
oil single individuals, for the fullest endowment of bopn
ness; on the contrary, believe them not very favorable
either to happiness virtue. / only maintain thai the
possession OF property by each one at least sufficient for
common wants. Is necessary TO place him above ternpta-
ton and ensure bis happiness The poorest communities
are frequently those where property is uncduallv
dISided and, consequently, where few individuals in the
socicy have immense fortunes, accumulated at the cx
pcnse OF all other classes, and the richest where there is
more equal distribution of the wealhand consc0uent
~, individual fortunes a1 comparatively small
Again; have already shewD that Internal Improve
msns prolucc proper division of labour by means of
winch alone each art and trade be carried 10 its bph