Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1828-1831, 1831-03-07

documents and Judicial examinations, the Polish lam
guage suppressed; the Polish tribunals g. civil law
were annhlated by Ukascs: abuses Of administrators
reduced the landed proprietors to misery and since
the accession of Nicholas TO the throne. this state
oil things had constantly boon growing worse. Ra.
gious Intolerance itself employed every means To
consolidate the united Greek ritual pnon the mir,
of the Catholic ritual ~
In the kingdom. although none of the ber,ie guar
an'ecd by the Constitution were observed, the Sc Gb
critics. suppressed de facto nevertheless continued -
exs' de Jure. II was precisely this existence de lure
,n n was Necessary to undermine. We then saw
'pat additional article to the Constitution appe.r
which setting forth sPecous solictude for the main
tenance of the Charter, destroyed of its p,ncna,
provisions by dsprivhg the Chambers of the publicity
OF their proceedings and the support of public op;n
ion, and which, above ALL to consecrate the min
crle that it allowed to up at will the fi,ndo
mental compact and thereby entirely abolish the char
ter, as one Of it's articles had boon abolished II va.
under these auspices that the Diet of 1925 wa, con-
roked from which il sought, by all manner NJ
means to discard the most intrepid defenders of our
liberties; Nuncio who had just taken part i'm the de-
oerations, was carried of by main force, surrounded
by gendarmes and held captive Eve wears till tn
moment when the revolution broke ou'. Deprived of
ITS force, shut up, threatened with the To- NJ Oh.
Charter, and msied by fresh promises of the ancient
provinces being reunited to the kingdom the De, nf
1898 followed the example of that 1918; but these
promises remained without effect and the pe,tons
which prayed for the restoration OF liberties were
rejected. WIG
THE general Indignation of the we'll disposed in.
hao'tants, and the evaporation of the whole nation
had long been bringing the storm the approach nj
which began TO appear when the death of Alexand.r
the accession OF Nicholas to the throne. and the path
he took to maintain the Constitution, seemed 10 nron,
Use us cessation OF abuses and the return of orr b
critics. This hope soon vanished, for not only d;d
things continue AS they were, but the revolution at St
petersburg even served as pretext to imprson and
orng TO trial The most distinguished individuals of Il =
senate, the Chamber of Nuncios the army and ,he
ci]ens; IN short time the prisons of the capital
were filled. Every day fresh buildings were apnronr
ated to receive thousands of victims sent m w.
from every part OF Old Poland, and even from p.r,,
soil OF liberty were introduced turturcs which c,mso
humanity TO shuddcr. Death and suicide con.,.,,I.
diminished the number of the unfortunate victim, ~
were sometimes lett forgotten in small and damp dun.
Eeons In contempt OF every law, a special Comm;,
tee ct inquiry instituted compos ed of Ru..;.,
and Poles most OF them military men, who by pro-
tractec tortures by promises of pardon and nsdous
questions, only sought extor from the accused ,he
confession OF an imaginary crime. II was only sfter
an imprisonment OF one and half that the tI;h
National Court was established for as i'm spite ne .,n
law, improvements had been crimnally PROLONGED 70
degree that several victims had died in prison u ~
came absolutely necessary TO render this measure r.
gal me conscience OF the Senate disappointed ris
expectation, and the accused, who had been groan;ny
IN prison for two years. acquitted of anu crme
against tne state. rms decision, from that period re-
moved all distinction between the accused and tbe;r
Judges The former, notwithstanding the sentence
which proclaimed their innocence, instead of heinz
set at liberty, were conveyed to st. Petersburg where
they were Imprisoned in forts, and up this moment
several have not been restored their families Tb
after were detained for nearly year at WARSAW for
having .hown themselves independent Judges. The
punhcation and execution OF the sentence was stop-
ped. 1t was submitted to the examination of The al
mnistratve authorities, and when, at LENGTH out NJ
some regard tor Europe,U was found necessary m
publish It, Minister carried his audacity far As to
degrade the national Majesty, by reprimandinp in the
name OF the Sovereign the highest magistracy of tb
STATE, IN the exercise of their exalted fInct;one
III was alter such acts that the Emperor Nicholas
resolved to be crowned King of Poland. The renrc
sentatIves ct the nation being summoned yer. s;I.n,
witnesses ot TINS ceremony, and the new oatbs wer.
soon violated again, Tor no abuse suppressed not
even the discretionary power. Even on the dav ns,hs
Coronation, the Senate was filled with new member.
who did not possess the qualifications reou;red h ,h
CONSTITUTION the only guarantee of the independence
OF ther voters All illegal loan, and the aIenaon nr
national domains, were intended to render mnv..LI
anu d'sposable The immense landed property of the
o'a'e. But providence directed that the large sum,
proceeding from the partial execution of ri, nI,
should not be squandered away, but used in arm;nn
the nation. " Ar"'n6
ain short, the last consolation which und.r o..
81 Alexander, enabled the Poles to support their me.
f"r'unes-namely, the hope of seeing tbemseIv.. 80
united 1" their brethren. was taken from tbcn, - &c,
emperor Nicholas From that moment all ties were
broken The sacred fire which had long been ,.ah;L
tied from being kindled upon the affairs nc IN %
Try, was secretly burning in the hearts of all veil
disposed men. One thought only was common o.
hem-that they should no longer endure sucb ..y.-,
But the government itself fastened tbs r,N.V..
explosion In consequence of reports daily corroho
h'ed' Oh war against the liberty of nations o,d.r
were gwen to put upon the war estabI;oh.,. .S
Ioiish army destined to march; and in ire 49, nc
linss,an armies were to occupy the country Consd.
er'oe sums proceed from the loan end IN, sal" IS
Tue national domains, deposited at the banL -.
cover the expenses of this deadly war apa;ns, IS
nlIes.s again TOOK place. every moment was precons
our ARMOUR treasure-our resources-ous nst;onsi
honor-averse to riyct chains upon the p.rk. &C .,
nations and to fight against liberty and n'. o.ner
W arms were,a stake. Every ono sbarei
S leeng' but the heart Of the nationZthe focu, ~
II tne youth OF the army and of the colleges
e Ven as great part OF the garrison of Warsaw and
W we ciTens impressed with this sentiment resolved
10 give The signal for the Instruction. An electric
,c W moment Iniiamed the army, the capital and
ne "noe country The night of November 2o,b was
illuminated by the fire of liberty. In one dav tho c.r
iim was Delivered IN few days ell the divisions oS
the army were united by the same sentiment tbs Co.
tresscs occupied. the natives armed the h,o,h 'o
INC Emperor, with the Russian troops reIvinr 49,,
ho generosity OF the Poles, and owing his ssfey ~
noble revolution, which is as pure as the en1hs'
OF the youth whose offspring /, is S"'"uS'S"'
nc tOIsh nation have risen from their abaser.,,
Ill c.