Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1831-02-03

then, migh exist, 10 the extent OF protection
which ought 10 be afforded 10 the various ele-
nents OF which they are composed. It's prae-
iieal meaning is, therefore, obscure. Iron il is
| presumed, would he considered essential 10
national defence, " and being the product OF
= our mines. should be protected But that pro-
teciion which would produce the material for a
mnskct, would also furnish il for axes and
ploughs. duty that would give US domestic
bullets, is all thai might be required TO supply
the country with domestic lead for every use.
But are muskeis and powder and bullets, all
that may be essential 10 " national defence ?
An army might be most abnndantly provide
With those, aud yet be totally inefficient in the
field, II II wanted hats and coats aud shirts and
shoes and blankets. The CONDITION of our coun,
try, during the last war, furnished well de-
hned illustration of this sentiment. Various
manufactures then, were considered of nation
al importance, which the doctrines OF free trade
H0W erase from the catalogue. But duty Inn
posed for promoting he domestic manu- tactuIe
OF these articles, for military purposes alone,
would be an anomaly in the annals oil any
nation. That pr otecting policy, which could
supply the wants of an Army in war, must he
allowed TO operate in peace. Hence the di,
henlty ofany classification of interests, while
all ale distinctly aud equally governed by the
same great constitutional power derived from
the States. II is also 10 be remembered tai
peace with the world, is the natural condition
OF this country, II is not the foreign ba, onet
thai we have the most reason 10 apprehend
II Is the selfish aud destructive policy which
might be adopted by foreign nh,inns." 10
guard against tnis ~ an OBJECT OF" national
Importance For peace or war the protecting
policy is equally adapted, and II is believed by
the committee, thai he beat preparation oil na.
tlonal fence may be found in the rigorous
cultivation If The AR n npunls
ought not TO be perpetuay dependent on or
ders IN council or DEGREES Of Emparors. Our
country ought moi 10 wait, nutll Invasion sur
rounds it, and then beg blankets from our inva-
ders, 10 warm a shigeIing army, engaged ia" ma
uonai Defence"
The President alludes TO another species of
industry having the Importance To which he be.
fore had referred, and which mag be expected,
after " temporary protection 10 compete with
foreign labor on equal terms" This species of
industry, in his opinon, melns =" the same al
trntioD, Ia "A subordinate degree" while in
speaking Of Objects " essential to national de
fence" lie prescrbes no limitation, either as 10
the extent of protection or its duration. The
other class he considers entitled to the " same
attention." yet qualified by The expression, in a
" subordinate degree" This qualification seems
10 render il difficult, il rot impossible To ascer
tain the extent OF the rule which he has adopt
gres.. Instead Of opening luminous pHlh.
way. III which all branches of the Government
may move on IN unison and safety new embar-
easements appear to be added TO those already
encountered by Congress IN adjusting the de
tailed provisions OF The tariff. IL would seem
10 be the meaning of the President, that after
the temporary protection has been extended
TO o manufacture Tor reasonable period, il il
" cannot then compete with foreign labor on
mi Inca mt IN fif =,
doctrine has been repeatedly advanced in CON.
grcss, aud the Committee presume II 10 he the
doctrine oftHe message. Bot twill not stand
the test oS experiment Pror 10 the late IT,
the coarse muslins consumed an the United
States were imported IRON India, and cost the
consumer about ttocnty fire cents the yard. Bs
the war the supply was cut oil our cotton
mills began to move, aud pa,tlal supply was
furnished. At its clo,e, when the India cotons
were again imported, most Of these establish
menls were ruined. By the tariff OF 1916
establishing what was eallsd the minimum duty
on coarse cottons, the home market WIS eifec-
tually secured 10 our home mbnufa Ctures,
Under its fostering influence they have flour
shed aud multiplied aud such have been
improvements IN skull ami labour, and mach
merry, that the consumer, instead ofpayiug
,ictHiy tUe cents, now purchases AT home a
much better att lie for eight cents the yard
Large expectations OF them are made 10 foreign
countries. Iney are carried to India, China,
aud South America, where they are sold
to advantage. But snppposng the protecting
duty nithdI avn, aud the AnlerlcaU manalac-
ture left 70 " compete with foreign labor on
equal terms" Admit the cottons OF India
Engla and Scotland and what would be
the effect Within two years moi a single cot
lon mll IN the United states would be i mo
ton. Inc immen,e capital invested IN Ihem'
amounting TO many millions, would he utterly
sunk 10 the country, aud their owners irIe-
tilesatIy ruined And why 7 n, tbecause we
cannot make goods, as cheapa IN Mauches-
ter aud Glasgow, but beGause war Wolld
be waged by Brush capital against American
capilal---a war Of determination Such a waI
has been waged upon every aiucle OF Am 1T
can industry, whenever the protecting duty
has been inadequate, or the law extending HE
duty SO framed, thai mer camille cupidty aud
the cunning of foreign manufacturer. cuuld e.
vad It.
There is another rule laid down by the Pres
ihent which the Committee have thought prop.
er to examine, His contained IN the expires
sion tDat objects OF nafiJnd importance
a lone ought 10 be protected the Committee
" i'll not here enter into discussion Of the
question whether Congress may not protect
objects local ia character. Inc states, IN tbeir
origina independence before the adoption Of
the Constitution, could have used the power oil
imposing duties on imports for The express
purpose of protecting local Objects, according
10 the doctrine entertained by the Presldeni,
in which Tue COMMITTEE fully concur. The
several States no longer possess mat power.
Where il Isl Whtre has II fled On what
sh Ii IS it laid : The Government OF
the Union possesses it, or il has become
d" exliuci." II an object did present lt,elG
purely local in its character, and It's protection
was demanded by the prosperity and happiness
OF a single State, aud THIS could be best done
only 10y the uelrga ed power from the States
TO impose duties on imports, IT should he well
,ous dered, before COugfess rejected a propo-
siIIon for that purpose The discussion oi thIs
subject, ut this time, is not intended. II may,
how eyes, be intimated, that II IS the duty OF the
| General q government 10 protect every State,