The Arkansas advocate., 1831-06-29

it's rise southeast, in the old province ol Gallicia, and joins the Narew, which comes from the northeast in Lithunia, about 20 miles above their confluence with the Yistula, at about the same dis tance below Warsaw. When the ice breaks up Tn these two rivers, the flat country which lays between them. and which forms the avenue to the city of Warsaw on the Russian or Lithunian side, is generally inundated, and rem ders the approachto it with heavy artil- lery extremely difficult.
 have net at hand any authority for estimating the number of square miles which this phantom kingdom of Poland 1 comprises. From the Tableau de Pc logne, have collected from the stale. ment of each separate department. in cluding what is called the Republic of Cracow, that 1t contains about 6.36O square leagues (l5 toa degree) and the population is estimated at about 3,345. 000-Go,000 of which compose the ar my, and perhaps twice as many more able to bear arms.
 The other towns in the neighborhood of Warsaw, in the district called Maso- via. are inconsiderable; but yety valua- bic and superb estates belonging to the ancient noble families of Czartorinslzy, Radzlvil, and others, attract the atten- tion of travellers. The town of Kalish. in the Waiwodat of the same name, op the river prosna, and to the west of War saw, is a handsome little town, contain ing about 5000 inhabitants, and mili- tary school, with some woollen and Iin- nen manufactures. To the south of Warsaw, is Cracow, famous for the salt and iron mines in the neighborhood. and the former residence Of the kings of Po- land. It is situated in a delightful, ele- vated and fertile region, not far from the source of the river Yistula. which here is only navieablc for small flat bottomed boats. and contains about 26,00G souls. Il has University, and carries on a great trade in Hungarian wines and manufactured goods. Sendomir and Lublin are also places of some impor- tanee to the southeast of Warsaw. The important fortess ModIin, which is seme- times spoken of in the Polish accounts, IS situated on the river Narew, which is 1 deep and rapid here, not far from it's confluence with the Bug, to the north. east of Warsaw, and can at a certain season of the year be rendered inap- proachable to heavy ordnance by over flowing.
 The kingdona of Gailicia and Buko- wine, or that part of Poland, which at the partitions of l772 and I793 and l595 feil to the share 0, Austria, comprises a population of 100000 souls, and the productive salt mines of Wieliczka, in the neighborhood of Cracow. are a great source ofreyenne to the Austrian crown. This country is situated to the extreme South of Warsaw, bordering on the. Carpathian Mountains, which separate it from Hungary. The soil is fertile. producing fine crops of wheat. Lem berg or Leopol, is the capital, hand some city, containing 50,000 inhabitants, lS,000 of whom are Jews. and as many Arminians and Greeks, all having their separate places of worship, under q re- ligious toleration.
 As we descend the Vistula from War saw, the country to the left is now call ed the Grand Dutchy of Posen or South Prussia, and that tothe right, New East Prussia. q part of Lithuania. Both have fertile soil, and fourishing towns. Fine Wartha is the principal fiverin po- sen which. borders on Silesia, and the Narew divides the other from the new kingdom of Poland and Prussian Lithu- ania. Posen and Gnesen are the prin- cipal cities. This part of Poland re- mained to Prussia in 1915. from the par titions before mentioned. and contains a population of 2,000,0 ,006, of whom 250, 900, are Germans.
 The part which Russia has wrested from the wreck of that unfortunate coun- l try in the late partitions consists of the provinces or dutchies of Lithuania, Po- doiia, Voihynia, and the starostics or counties of Bialystoek, Wisopsk, Mohi- lew and Mins, containing together about ,o@o square leagues lo 10 degree,) and S,4S9,00O inhabitants. Wilma is the capital of North Lithuania, other i wise called Samogitia, at the confluence of the Wiiaa and Wiienka which empty in the Niemen below, which river flow ing by Tilsit and Memel, empties into a bay of the Baltic Sea. This town has been much embellished by the last