Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1831-11-03

he harvested earlier. and IL suffers less from
damp seasons. Small enclosures IN pssiure
are more productive in winter. being better
sheltered f; but in summer the larger and mnre
open the enclosures are the better; for ~ hot
weather both cattle aud sheep resort TO tn
most airy places. II is easier also, when they
are IN pasture. 10 Obtain supply of water IN
| large fields than In small ONES indeed fields
nre sometimes so smai that IL is very diihc. II
to procure an adequate supply OF water even
in winter. But the conclusive argument IN IN
vonr oflarec arabic fields is this, that where
fields are small much time and labour ara was.
ted hs short tuTnings aud II is now ascertain
ed. =" TIM, II fields are OF n regular shape and
the ridges ola proper length, i've rlouRhs
mny do as much work as sN ploughs Ia old.
81 "A small size, and of an Irregular shape !,
while es,ry Other branch OF labour, (snch NJ
dnnging, sowing, borrowing, re9ping, aud
carrying IN The hnlsfsl,) Gun be executed
though not altogether. yet nearly 10 tie same
proportion
The circumstance on thich siae of Geidg
ought 10 depend, are Tho extent OF the farm IN
which they are situated. The nature Of the soil
and subsot the rotatons adopted, the number
Of plonghs on the farm. the inclination of the
ground, ITS being IN pnsturage Or otherwise, aud
the nature Of the climate.
fields the nature Of tho soil aud svbsoh ought
10 be Rppt IN view, Where the soiIs vaItans,
II would be proper 10 separate the light from
the heavy. They rae not only brtter calcniai.
ed for different crop, and different rotations,
but ARE naturally adapted to he cultivated nj
different SEASONS. II is unfortunate, therefore,
10 nave soils OF heterogeneous nnture m,ueied
IN the samc held. Bun where this parllhliy iakes
place, fnr instance, where there are only one ~
TWO acrrs If light soil, 10 ten or twenty OF
strong soil. let the following plan be adopted i;
AT any slack time, either III summer or VIII
ter, NOR especially when the Grld is under
falow, employ two carts aud horses with four
fllrrs To the acre two Of light sol with
the strong soil contiguous, and the soil IA the
held viii then becomr more uni orn'.
The rotation adopted II n,ny be conSder.
ed as good general rnle, 10 divide farm nc.
cordIng 10 the course OF crops pursued IL II :
hat is TO say, n farm with n rotation oi STA
crops SHOULD have s,l Il Ids or twelve, accord
ing 20 circumstances It's proper Ia lave
whole field ii the soil bd uniform, under one
crop and every farmer OF experience knows
tho comfort al having the produce Of The farm
as equal every year us the coil aud season will
admit Of.
Rumter Of Pt0ughs II Is likewise proper
hni the SIZE oi the Gclds should b" soma
what III proportion To the number 0i hnIsrs md
plonghs on the farm. When the fields mr." OF
too greai an extent IN IropoIon I" the stock
kept, n considerable interval must occur be
~ cen the sowing of the fret anil the last pnri
and II will in general be desirable 10 hive each
field cleared al The same time IN harvest. The
narrowing also is done morn economically,
when the field Is sown nj once, thau IN several
porions, and where rolling is required, that
4. III a
cannot well be- accomplished al the lid ha.
been Completed.
Inclination ofhe ground Il is, however,
evident that the ze oil the fields must III some
respects depend on The hatntss, or the hdiy
SHAPE OF the ground Even an dry Land, II
there tie u rise on the ground. from fifteen 10
taeGiy chains ~ sufficient length Tor II the
Ildge be longer, the horses become much iatt-
goed II compelled 10 plough a strong turfow up
hill beyond that length 10 on" direction. TINS
objection, however, 10 large fields, muy m
some measures be obVIated, by giving ihr
ridges and burrows IN such fields MS are on III"
side of hhl such an obliq'nly as may dunn
lsh the difficulties OF the ascent
Litmdle. The last circumstances to he con-
| .derfd IN determining the proper SIZE al fields
is The nature oflhe climate. In dly and Culd
climates small enclosures ate dcsmahle on ar
| fields under culture cannot he too opsn aud airy
IL, the purpose OF DR., ing the groun1, OF b3n4
ing forward and rprnag the gtain, .ad Of e,,h
| bling the farmer more EAST 10 secure II d1Tlng
! an uu favourable harvest, by having iIce Cit
| cuistlon OF ar. But though on large farms,
! fields should IN general he formed on an tx
ienslvc scale, yet th"re II convenience N hay
Ing few smaller helds near the fdrm hoIse
| Tor keeping tho lamliy cows Tor turning gu
! young horses, mares and fUals: for IuI.tng A.
great variety oil vegetables and Tor tying ~
! perlments on a small scale, winch may hlter-
wards be extended, ii they shall be found IL
answer. Where enclosures are too large Tor
/ par ocular purposes, and where no small fields
as above recommended, have heen prepared,
large fields may be subdvIded by sheep-hul
die, d soIt OF portable ience well known 10 eve
~ trnip grower. Ia this way, great ndvan-
iage may be d, rived Rom the constant use of
| land that would otherwise have been occupied
| by stationary fences and the expense OF sub
divisions, WIN b, on d large iarm, would reccs
sarlly have been numerous, Is thereby BYodod d.
! This fence is perfectly ellie clUal ngalusl leep,
| though IL is not so well ca icuatrd for stronger
animals On dry souls where sheep are genel.
ally pasfured, II Is aot unlikely thai by using
movable hurdles, the expense OF permanent
fences might IN great measure beshyed.
Square Geids. The advantage OF having. the
| fences IA straight lines, aud the fields. when
] large, OF Il square iorn, IS nnqresnonnble, ~
the plougbIng oil them under tbis arrangement
can be carried on with much grea er despatch
some farmers, whose fields are al "a waving OF
nneven shape, AMI wnp enclose with hedge
aud ditch, carr, their fence through the hOilows
or best sod, with view OF raising good
hedge thus oieo sacrh 'ng. Inr the sake oil
the fence, the form oil their iield. straight
line, however, IS preferable, even though II
should be necessary Ia lake some particular
pans TO enrich the soil for the hedge, where II
is thin add poor, on any elevation.
Obloug f,ids When fields are small. an 90
long shape should be preferred, tha, the
plough,ngs may be performed with as lew tur-
nings as possible. lbs form has also other
advantages. The fields are more easily sub
divided, aud water eau IN almost every caSe be
got, hy making proper poods IN he meeting OF
Ioinmg of three OF four fields, whose cutters oil
bitches will convey water TO the ponds IL
turnip soils, where the shape IS oblong. II u
easier to DIVIDE the iurnips with meta or hnr