Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1828-1831, 1830-01-28

ltas3.in whicth qssetion sof the
oi mo 70 serm Cepgres. 10 impose tariff for tho
encouragement of manufacturers. Was tho subject bc
fore % Mr.. Madison saws: r, Is simple .on
under tic Constitution et tho United Statcs ,vl,e-
Their the power 't' re-ui1te trade with foreign na.
mons asa dsiinct and substantive item in the emu
meratr poers. embraces the object of riuu
by dutiss,- aud proiti,ions, The manufactures aud
products at the country? Aud the sifismatiss must
be inferred from the following considcra,iunss . -,
~ Tue neapug OF the phrase, 10 rcaeiatc trade,
must DC sought m the gchcTa use OF II other Words
an the objects To- which he power as uenerolly un.
dersteodto be applicable, when the ph asu was nser-
ted in the Constiiukior,s~5 7 = -, ss...s- ~
s'2e The powsrbss Leca understood and used BY all
commercial and manufacturing natons, as embracing
the obec, ofoacnuraging ares il is believed
That no. a single exception can be- named, ,l
= g. This has boon particularly tho case Will Great
hIitain, whose conmcreial oeabulary is the psrert
: l. Saeh was understood to hottie proper us, of
The power by the States, mnsl prepa,ed Tor manu-
actnrlng industry, whilst retaining their power over
foreign trade. -
with the intention ana expect a'ion of the States in
transferring the power aud trade from themselves 10
the government ofthe United Ststes- - -
% II congress have not III: power, ii is aunihila-
tel Tor the nation; policy Without example in any
other nation aud within TIC Reason of tho solitary
one ofour own. ...5- q ~. &
"a, II revenue he tho sole object o. n Legitimate
n'pos', aud the encouragement ofdomestic orioles
follow that no monupozing unequal re OF
foreign nutions could be counteraci cd. 50
%. Ihai Tue encouragement OF manafac. ures was
an nJset OF the Power 10 regulateltrate, is proved
oy the use made OF the power for that object, in
the first session Of the first Congress- under the Con
situiIon; when among the members present were so
many who had been members of ihe Eetcral Conycn
ION ~hich framed the Contribution, ard efthe State
Conventions, which ratified it. .s.s,,.z- s.,.
a Further evidence in support of the constitution
a. power, TO protect and foster manufactures by re-
gn!otions of trade evidence that ought o;itscftu
settle the Question, is the uniform ard practical sar
ton gwen to the power by the general governments
FOR naarly forty years; with concurrence or aceri
orchnen of every state government thro,,rout The
same period; and may be added through oil tho Vi
| oissitudes OF party, which marked The period
mat large majority of the Union has hitherto an
proved the particular exercise of thu power noyy in
question, and compaiped or By South Carolina will
not be denied a large majority of tho Union be-
leves such an exercise of power necessary to tho
prosperity of tho wlIole. .-,,
Tho General Ass erably of Kentucky, cannot admit
tho rlgh OF minority, either Of he States or of the
people, TO set up their opinion not only in opposition
Out to overruie that of the majority. And cannot
ON view with regret and surprise, the assertion OF
the State of South Carolina-"Thaf the measures to
De pursued consequent on The perseverance, in this sys-
TEN, are purely questions Of erpediency and NOT of
aHeSiance. he consequences of such principle,
practically enforced. would be alarming in the ex
IRENE Scarcely any import ant measure of the zen.
| cral government Is ever adopted, to which one or
more ut the States not opposed. IT one Stale
have right to obstruct and defeat the execution Of
law oil Congress, because it deems it uuconstitu-
tlonal, then every State has similar right Whom
The dissatisfied State opposes TO the of Congress
It's measures of obstruction the alternative
Cd shall the act be enforced within the nartcul,r
State, or be abandoned, without being repealed a
virtual dissolution of the Union As the successful
exercise OF the power of resisting act of CONGRESS
~ one State, would naturally stimulate other States
disappearing other acts Of that body To similar
WOuil 10 ff4ntC
could adopt and enforce no measure whatever to.
winch any one OF the twenty -four States might be
opposed Is IN VAN 10 say that the tariff charac
terZed by the most enormous nustice-whoi is TO he
the judge OF that enormity, Who TO prescribe the
limit OF enormity, which will authorize resistance and
that whch ias short OF comforting that right? His
tory and the nature of man demonstrates, that when
ms preludccs are aroused and his passions inlamed
1t rs not difficult to persuade him that mild md con;
justice. "
Nor can the State Of South Carolina deriyethe
smallest AID, IN sustaining its doctrine of 10
the federal authority, from the manner in which the
constitution was formed; whether if was the work of
the people of the United States collectively or IS to-
be considered as compact between sovereign States
or between the people OF the several Statcs VIII
each other, there is there be- there ought 10 be
but ono rule, which is, that the majority must gov
The Stntc or South Carolina also INSERTS. ts,
That Congress "does not possess the power under
the constitution to adopt general system of int erna
improvements, ns national measure" Cd. "Thatl
II rs an utional exercise OF power on The part
Oh Eongfess, To tax the citizensof one State, TO make
ROADS aud canals for another State; and 81. "Fha,
Congress has no power To construct roads and canals
IN The States, for The purpose OF Internal improve
nent, WITH or without he assent of the Sinies IN
whose limits those internal improvements arc made
tho authority OF Congress extending further thuni
70 pass the necessary and properlaw carry into
execution, their enumerated powcre'
The Geuora Assembly Believes, flat Congress Is
invested by the constitution with power 10 construct
internal improvements Of national character within
al or any OF the States. The power, il believes, To
be siry deducble from the enuiuerated powers; hut
thIs questioh hos beciso often aud ably discussed
that It Is not aware that any additional light can or
need be thrown upon IT, The General Assembly I
VIII therefore, content itself with on examination OF
those reasons only, which arc brought forward by The
Stgte Of South Carolina
Ihe hrd Is yere deolaaton Of opinion ~ ~ enc SCI.
como, - not known believed that Congress has ever ia
TACT taxed the citizens II rOads aua canals
iof another II that had beeu done would be aonitted to
De unconstitutional Congress ba-aPped part Of the com.
mon resources Of the whole nation the execution of works