Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1830-02-23
been true to their principles in the worst Of times-I
moan the DeInocracY of New ENGLAND

been true to their principles in the worst of times-I
mean the Democracy Of New England.
Sir, will declare that highly appreciate the de-
mocracy OF the South, consider higher praise to
be due to the democracy of New England-who have
maintained their principles Through good through
eVi report who every period Of national history
have stood up manuly for hcir country their whole
country and nothing but their country" In the great
political revolution Of 'OS they were found united with
me democrary oil the South, marching under the banner
OF the constitution, led by patriarch of liberty in
search OF the land Of political promise which they lived
Sir, In the darkest and most gloomy period OF the war
when country st cd single sthe con-
queror OF the conquerors of the orld when all about
and around them dark and treary disastrous and
dlscouragiDg they stood Spartan band in that narrow
pass, where the honor of their country defend
cd or to find Its grave And the last great struggle
involving, as believe the very existence Of the prn
cipe oil popular sovereignty, where the democra-
ey OF New England Where they always have been
oud sir struggling side by side, with their brethren
oil the South and the West for popular rights and
ssting in that glorious triumph by which the man of
gift. r'p''' - '''' :" "e "'sns'' once In their
- Who then. Mr.. President, the friends OF the
Union! Those who would c0nfine the Federal Govern
ent strictly within the limits pre- scribcd by the Consti
tuton who woul preserve the States and the People
adj powers not expressly decgated Who would make this
Federal and not national Union, and who administer.
ing the Go. eminent in spirit of equal justice, would
m ke IL blessing, aud not curse And who are its
cue'"es hose who are in favour o.. consolidation
are constantly stealing power from the States and adding
strength 10 the Federal Government. Who assuming an
unwarantabs jurisdiction the States and the Poo
Tie whole industry and can't
tai oil the country But sir, of all description of men
consider those the enemies of the Union who
sacrifice the equal rights which belong to every mem
Der oil The Concderacy TO combinations interested ma
JoriteS Tor personal or political objects But the gen
enan apprchends evil from the dependence of the
States the Federal Governments: he can see M dan
ger OF corruption from the influence of money or of
patronage Sir, know that il is supposed to be wise
saying that patronage is source Of weakness and in
support OF that naNi il has been said that eycry ten
appointments makes a hundred enemies" But | run
rather inclined to think, with the eloquent sagocou
orator now reposng on his laurels tho banks
Roanoke, that "the power of confcrrng favos creates
crown OF dependents" he gave forcibe illustration
lei the truth of the remark, when he told us
Of the effect of holding savory morsel 10 the ea
ger eyes OF the hungry houuds gathered around his
door; Ii mattered not whether tho gift was bestowed
on Iowser or Sweeptlips, Tray, Blanch or Sweet
heart, while held in suspense. they all governed
by nod, and when the morsel was bestowed the ex-
pectation of the favors of Tomorrow kept up the sub
lection OF to-day.
The Senator from Massachusetts in dcnouncing wba.
he is pleased to call the Carolina doctrine has attempted
TO throw rdicuc upon the idea that State has any con-
stutlonal remedy, by the exercise OF its sovereign a-
thority against gross, papabe and deliberate viola
lion OF the Constitution" He calls il can idle" or n
dienlous notion" or something to that effect, and
cd that It would make the union ga mere rope of sand"
Now, sir the gentleman has condescended to en-
ter into any examination of the question: and has been
satisfied with throwing the weight Of his authority into
the scale. do not deem it necessary do than to
throw into the opposite scale the authority on which s.
Carolina relies and there, for the present., per-
fectly willing to leave the controversy The South
Carolina doctrine, that is say, tho doctrine contained
Id an exposition reported by Committee the Legisa-
ture in December, 1923, published by the ir auhmj
ty is the good old Republican doctrine Of 'ss-tbe doc
trine Of the celebrated Virginia Resolutions of that
year, and Of L" Madisons Report of '99. twill be re-
81, took into ton the Alien and Sedition Laws,
then considered by all Republicans as gross violation
o. me Constitution of the u States and on that day
passed. among others, the following resolution:
The General Assembly doth explicitly and peremp-
toriy declare, that views the powers Of the Federal
Government resulting from the compact TO which the
states are parties, limited by the nd
tentloH OF the instrument constituting that compact as
no further valid than they authorized by the grants
enumerated in that compact and that Of delibe-
rate Papabe and dangerous exercise Of other powers
not granted by said compact, the States who arc
parties thereto have the right and in duty bound
ihterpose Tor arrestng the progress Of the evil and
Tor maintaining within their respective limits the authori
hes rights and liberties appertainng TO them
In addition to these resolutions the General Assembly
OF Firgnia appeaied to the oth-r States in the cor
hdence that they would with that Con,nonwe slth
that the acts aforesaid he alien and .edon awsl arc
unconstitutional and that the necessary and proper
snres would be taken by each for with yir
gnia in maintaining unnpsirsd the auhorites right, g.
lberties reserved the States respectively or 10 the
people"
The L'gi''aote' Of several ofths lew England States
having contrary to the expectation OF the Legislature Of
Vrgn'' expressed their dissent from these doctrines:
the subject came again for consideration during the
session o. 1893, 1900 when il referred to a select
committee 6y whom was made that celebrated report
which IL familiarity known an adsons Report AMI
which deserves to last a. long the institution m elf
IN that report, which was subsequently adopted by
l"O VIC Whoie SUBJECT was deliber atelY
re.exsminsd, and the objections urged against Yrgi.
MA doctrines carefully considered. The result was
mt the Legislature Of Virginia re-affirmed all the
principles laid down in the resolutions OF I709 and is
sued to the world, that admirable report which has
stamped the character Of Mr. Madison az the pre,erv
er OF that Contribution which he had contributed so
largely to create and establish. I will here onote
from Mr. NJ idsoh's report one two passages phich
bear more Immediately the point in controver.y-
The resolution having taken this view of the federal
compact proceeds TO infer " that in case Of deliberate
ra'Pabl- and dangerous sxerce OF other powers not
granted by the said Compact, the States who are par
tics th'r1to have the right and are in duty bound
to nf'rPo'e for arresng The progress Of bs evil and
Tor maintaining within thr respe clve limits the au-
thoiiies rights, and liberties, arpertarning 10 them
" II appears to your committee 10 be a lain principle
oun led on common sense, illustrated by common prae-
where resort BE- had to no tribunal ior 10 be
authority oithe parties the parties themselves must be
ne righVWJ"dges in the last resort, whether the bar
gain made has been pursued or violated. The Corsi-
tuition Of the United States formed by the sanction
Of The states given by zach in its sovereign capacity
II adds to the stability and dignity, well TO the
authority OF the Constitution that IL rests this pyiti.
mate and solid foundation. The States, then, being the
parties TO the Constitutional compact, and in their 90.
yefegn capacity II follows OF necessity IN at there
no no tribunal GboUe their ahoTify,t to decide in the
las, resort, whether the compact made by them he
violated, and consequently that as the pSt,iss 10 II,
they mus themselves decide in the Last re sort such
ques ms az may be Of sufficient magnitude 10 require
their in erpO'ition.'