Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1830-10-07

| a senseless MARYLAND farmer wish that Bali-
more (his marktD was sunk in the basln = lie
might almost "a well have wished that the
min which prepared his grain for bread
were destroyed. The people Of the cities OF
Boston. New York, phiisdelphia. and Balti-
more. emplny twice as many men, rs farmers,
graziers, gardeners, &c. as all the 'ople OF A.
sia. Africa, Europe. and America, Except the
U. States) employ. Here is specimen of
that division of labor just above alluded TO.
Large cities cannot exist, unless the manufac-
turing and mechanic arts prosper in then. IL
is the products OF industry, thus applied, which
obtains food, aud other supplies for than and
this causes that invaluable interior commerce
which prevails in every civilized nation, and
must more or less, exist in all populous cont-
tries. Two OF the greatest cities IN tho world,
| Nankn in China, and Jeddo in japan. are
thus maintaiped--a vast amount OF hume trade
| is transacted at them, the foreign beng OF 40
account. And AT London, the greatest CONNER
cal city in the world, the interior, Of home
trade, rs Al least twenty times greater than the
foreign one. We have in our owe country
two beautiful types of the principles that we
teach in Pittsbure and Cincinnati. They have
no foreign trade but lands and houees IN them,
aud in their neig hborhood, bear fuli compar'
son with the value of lands aud houses IN Bal
timore and its neighborhood The manntac-
lures OF Philadelphia Chat Is, those supplied
with Philsdeaha labor and capital, and which
centre in that city, have been estimated a,
20. 100000 dollars annually equal TO the fail
average value Of all tue cotton exported With
out an interior trade, city can only be as Hell
igoland was when converted mtoa nest Tor
smuggler. ST he Island ofSt. rhomasis, because
=" free port" a which the Biitsh Islands are
supplied with our -four, &c.
! A more special application Of the benefits de-
rived from prudent division oil labor may be
thus shown:
Massachusetts, Rhode Island aud Connect
cut are capable of raising all the bread SUITS
wbiCh their people need. aud heretofore had a
considerable surplus but al an early period,
they turned their attention much d navigation
and have latterly become great IN nuiaet irng
states. The lands in this district are not well
fitted for the cultivation OF wheai--but they pr =
fer bread made from il, If able to purchase
i We take Of them cotton and other manufactures
oil, &c aud they receive. in exchange oil rs.
not less than the equivalent Of 500 900 bar.
rrls Of flour in bread stubs, o. much greater
value than the whole Of our foreign trade Ia
them This may be called a new business aud
is Of vast importance 10 all partle'. 1t is e
qually profitable 10 the one, whether yard Of
cotton cloth be sold for q or ] cents to 20 10
Baltimore or Bima--ar to to the other II bar.
|
Boston or Kamschatka But there i. this
| imposing advantage-the orders and dr crees,
| intriguos, or caprice. of foreign cations, have
no effect over our home trade. Its mont is
! beyond calcnlaiion--and IL knits the people
closely together We have seen Baltimore
| branded -four in the midst OF the noun aims
of Vermont. Such is tho Anericsa Sys.
tenn" This cond not have happened but
because Of the divisions of labor that we have
spoken of.
But. il is said. the people would eat as much
bread ~ they now do. were that system de-
stroyed So IL may be said tina, we should re-
ouire as many shoes, were ali the Shoe-makers
guillotned Bui every body knows it would
not he advantageous for the farmer TO stop his
plough and let his norses remain IDLE. to make
pair of shoes. IL the people Of the rich lands
Of New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland and
Virginia can " make" wheat cheaper than
those of Massachns It's and Rhode IsInnd-snd
they, OF the latter, furnish the other Nth cotton
goods cheaper than they can otherwise obtain
them, common sense will teach both the value
of mutual exchanges. We have had mighty
out cry about The loss of the West India trade,
and shall have grand ado, if IT IS reganed.
We believe thai the sale Of one barrel OF Amer
lean aour has not been lost. because of the loss
of that trade--lhat the general amount OF our
trad. with the West indies has not been mate
rally afe ced by an opening or closing oil the
British porls.t But il the sale OF all tue flour
which proceeded direct to those ports, when
opened. was really lost TO US, the whole amount
lis less than tho de nand for -four and Cora at
the manufacturing town Of Providence, 10
Rhode Island TINS will ssionish many, but it
is the truth notwithstanding. The highest a
mount Of -four ever exported to the British
West Indies, was about l30, 00p barrels in one
year. In 1867 from July to July, III, loo hsr-
res of -four were received at Providence, with
perhaps 2UO, 900 bushels Of " southern corn
nearly all which Immediately passed 10 the
manufacturers, for consumption.
We might multiply fact like these wi,hon,
number but cannot give the room necessary TO
state Them.
Such is the come xon between agriculture
aud nj nuiaclures. We shall now notice the
folly, or fslsehood, of those who INSIST that tho
laws for the prote ton Of domestic mannac-
lures are taxes on communication these laws
have had the nyariable tendency TO reduce
the price Of articles protected, without at all d.
minIshing the foreign demand for the products
of our soil. Ia 1923, the year beiare the
i" abnminsble tariff of 1924, wa exported
l73, 100000 lbs of cotonS and 1855 900 bbls. of
-four, together worth % fO0, 900 dollars and
in 1926. 204 millions OF pounds of cotton and
s57 900 bbls. flour, worth together %. loo 900
dollars, the quantity AMI the value beug both
increased in defiance OF all the awful predic-
tons' to the contrary,n
Taxes, of some KIM, must be pald--a rev.
enue duty must be collected; but whether
a protection duty superadded is. OF is not a TAI,
depends on particular considerations. For
example the duty On square yard of coarse
cotton goods !, 8 3-4 cents--but we may buy
n SQUARE yard OF such goods, homemade, Tor
8 cents, or 3-i Of a cent less than the duty. IL
is Impossible then. that the duty is tax. The
duty on shot IS cents per 10. but we can OBJ
tain any quantity OF shot al cents per 10. II
the duty is tar, the SHOT is worth only one cent
per Id and 20 on. The duty whea, is ID per