Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1828-1831, 1830-05-07

N-J "'' i"uaNeu lh justice anS humanity, 'IuI pre-
venting wrongs being done to the Indians" hut for
the ay"wed purpose of inicting the gross uud wan
Ton injustice oil breaking up their roTernmcnts-of
sorogating thor long cherished customs and OF an
ninra'ing their existence as distinct people:
Tie Congress ofthe L. States in i7s9, in an act
To regulate trade and intercourse with tho Indian
trioeS; and again, by similar act in 1902 still i'm
iorce ulSctly recognized every material STIMULATION
Coh.alncd III the numerous treaties with the Indians
Ia aC'' ar these acts OF legislation were passed cx
PrcssIy 10 chectuatc our treaty sIipuaiious.
Ihese statutes refer To 1.-THE Boundaries as cs,nb
hshcd by treaties, between the u. States and the
various Indian Tribes" they next direct such Zines
10 De clearly nsccrtalncd, aud distinctly markcd"-
prohibit any citizen of the L. States from crossinr
'ese INES, to hunt or settle, and authorizes the en-
fioyent o the public and military fore of the coy.
"inehl 10 prevent intrusion and to expel trespass-
ers upon Indian lands. The twelfth section of this
Important law most wisely guards the great object
oi indian title from all public and private IMPOSITION
oy enacting tha no purchase, grant lease or other
conveyance of lands, any TILE or claim thereto.
rom any INDIAN or nation, tribe Of Indians ruth
'H me o"'irdS 9 TIE L. StdieS, shall be of any vadi-
~ IN law or equity unless the be made 6y treut
or coFeehfoR, cntcced into pursuant 10 TIE Constitu-
tio,"
trust, Sir, that this brief exposition OF our policy
IN relation 10 Indian affairs. establishes beyond All
controversy, The obligation of the L. States 10 pro
tcct these Tribes III the exercise ana endowment of
Their civil and political rights. Sir the question has
ceased Ia be -Uhut are oar du,icS2 An enquiry
Wrch more embarrassing Is forced unon MS; i[ow,
shal! We ost pauslbly. and with the least possible
rioIcnce. treGh out;'ith? Sir we rcpc the enquiry
I'VE reject such an lssuc-and point the guardians
OF public honor 10 the broad plain faith Of faithful
perfoI nance, and To which they arc equally urreJ by
duty aud by interest.
Here might properly rest--as the United States
nre the only party tina; the Indians are bound TO re-
gard. But It further proofs be wanting 10 convince
us OF tue understandable pretensons of Georgia i'm her
a'e violent legislation they are at hand, cogenI clear
and overwhelming This State, sir, was not only
party to al these conventions with the general gov
ernmeni she made solemn treaties with the Greeks
and Cherokees for herself when COLONY and srtrr
sue became State. These form part of her title
and are bound up with her public laws On the Ist
ct June, A. d. l77S, she negotiated treaty with these
Indian nations, by the Joint agency uthe Governor of
the colony and the SuTcrinte ndent of Indian Affairs;
IN which boundaries established, and cessions of
Ianu agreed upon. Again, the Slst MAY A. d.
o., alter her independence as State another tre,
~ was concluded between the Governor of GEORGIA
and i've ct her most distinguished citizens duly an.
pointed by the Legislature Of The State OF the one p,-,
and the chiefs, head-men and warriors Of IN. borL..
or tribes OF the Cherokee indians "IS behalf of TIM
SAID NATION, on the other part" And in the first ar
oie OF thus convention the distinct, pendent exis
1ence OF the CberOkees IS acknowledged: For il nro
NIdes "Ihat al differences between the said Dar,;,s
heretofore subssting, shall cease and be Forgotten
Is It not utterly acious Contend in the face of
TINS treaty that the CheTokees are under the iurisd
tcn OF State, that finds it necessary to negotiate for
peace with them, by AL the forms Of regular treat,
But than this-by the last article of this iret
me Cherokees agree to cede, grant, release and quit
cialn 10 georgia, all the lands up TO certain bounda
ry line defined in the said document; and until since
the extraordinary usurPaiion Of this State in extend
ing her laws over this nation, these treaty lines were
respected and never disputed.
In the year I777, the States of GEORGIA md Sou,b
carolina met tne Greek and Cherokee nations nj De
WITS corner, for the avowed purpose of making
treaty OF peace with them. Sir it the greatest poen
late OF Europe had been party, the preliminaries
hFpu mi
are produced what are denominated .sthe Georris
full powers" delegated 10 her commissioners to meet
"he Indian Congress-" to be held Dewitts Corner
me Ike Pnrpcse-and IN Carolina full powers for
kee "aI power" These Bowels reobeSs5 sG6cro
planned at this Congress- and treaty is agreed unon L
the preparedness. establishing peace and the future
boundaries between their respective territories
In many at the treaties made by the United S,,tos
with the Cherokees and Greeks large sections az lanJ
were relnquished 10 u.s. which BY our con,poc, y,;,G
the State OF Georgia, received for her use Sh.
nevor Questioned, at those times. right to treat for
those lands, the Indians right of granting them b
gladly awaited herself Of such rich accessiors IN re-
domains, and proceeded very promptly TO dist,ibut
them amongst her citizens. Now it is a fndaurntsI
maxim IN all codes oil law, which acknowledge the OBJ
legations of equity aud good conscience that if marty
IS silent when these old fashioned rules of prr hi deal
ing require him 10 speak, he shall forever thereafc
bold h's peace. The application of this sound and
wholesome rule will instantly strike the moral annr
tensions Of every member Of the sense
am indebted to the State of Georria for n ,Ioor
and very satisfactory exposition Of the nature If In
dian treaties, and the obligations that prisc from,
tbem 1t is an authority for positions which Lor"
had the honor to maintain, of the greater weight as
proceeds from the highest functionary of her Co
vernment. In February 1895, the Greeks by n trno
" made with the United States coded all their lands
to US within the geographical limits Of Georgia. for
I2c use OF that state by an article in the treaty il
was provided that the United States sbouIy nroicci
the Indians against the encronchmen,s hostiIitics
and nnp0sIlions Of the whites &c. &C. until tho re-
moyal of the Indians should have been ACCOMPLISHED
according to the terms Of the treaty. Tie Govern
or OF Georgia. OH the 22d day of March Of tho same
year, issued his proclamation, as 'Governor and
Commander in Chief of the Army and NAVY Of tho
said State, ond OF the Militia thereof" in which.
after stating the conclusion of the treaty already
mentioned and the article in it for the projection If
the Creeks, the Governor proceeds 81 have there.
fore thought proper TO issue this, NV Proclamation
warning all persons, citizens Of Georgia, or others
against uesPassng or intrudlng upon lands Or
cupcd by the Indians within the limits of tIs
State, either for the purpose Of settlement or other
wise, every such act will be in drect pgLqioD Of
the provisions Of the treaiy aforesaid md will expose