Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1830-03-30


and other neghbourng countries in for dome
productions, chiefly provisions. But the main supply
is obtained by the circuous operation Of sending
tobacco cotton and rice, TO Europe, exchanging them
for fine goods. and selling these goods in the Southern
republics. Our trade with Mexico is a complete illus
atlon OF this process We obtained from her i'm 1925
taking the last year TO which the returns are made up
ans prnted-four millions of dollars in gold and silver,
and hundred thousand dollars worth of other pro-
ducts; exported TO her about seven hundred thou
sand dollars worth of domestic products Just enough
to balance hers leaving the whole of gold and
silver to have been acquired by other exchanges What
were these exchanges! They the fine cloths and
cassinercs the linens, silks cambrics mushns, rich
pes wines and porcelain, which our cotton and tobacco
had bought in Europe aud which were Their carried
direct TO Mexico, rc.cxpored from this country under
the system OF drawbacks This makes it clear, that
whatever will facilitate the exchange OF cotton and
tobacco for the fine goods of Europe will enhance thu,
importation of the precious metals into the u States;
and nothing facilitate this exchange so much as re-
ductions OF duty upon the articles which compose it,
The cotton plantations and tobacco fields of the South
and West, are thus the gold aud silver mines of the
United States; and blind stupid, and suicidal is the
policy which would destroy these fields and plantations,
Eighhly: Inpromoting the Internal trade with Mcxi-
co. Ihls trade is carried on partly in domestic, partly
In European goods. Its present returns are about a
quarter oil million of dollars So far foreign goods
enter into its amount there is loss the trader of the
whole amount OF the duty pad;-the want of Custom
houses on the frontiers rendering the application of the
drawback system difficult and Objectionable The aholi-
on OF duties on the foreign articles used in that trade
chiefly fine goods would put the inland trader OH foot
ing with the shipper from the port, and probably
enhance the returns Of the trade, in brief period, from
quarter OF Million TO two millions of dollars.
These are the results of my plan, verified fully
established facts, fair nductons, and probabilities APP
preaching 10 certainty, can verify any unred expert
ment. They the results of free trade qualified by
The policy OF protection and the necessities Of revenue:
two qualifications which, in my view reduce themselves
10 one Tor they convertible propositions the revenue
resulting from the protection. and the protection from the
revenue. Ant-tariH citizens can have objection to
u; Tor they admit the protection which springs from
iar exercise of the raising power; the sup
Porcrs OF the tariff policy and especially the real
iactures-not the political ones-but the actual owners
and workers, have objection to it, for il leaves
them all their present protection procures them better
markets abroad, gives them comforts and necessares
as tea coiiec &c cheaper than they get them; and
facilitates the acquisition of the material in several
brances of manufacture, the umbrella the hat the
ladies' shoe, bonnet SC. in which silk is essential
par and which will be got third cheaper when the
duty on that article Is abolished.
This being the case, the ''crocning 1nercy" of nv
plan would be the speedy death and burial of the tariff
question: and, with its inerment restoration of that
harmony of the Union which all true patriots desire
and which the progress of this question has greatly
impaired.
The last section of my bill still remains be consid.
ered II is the one which proposes TO abolish the duty
upon alum SALT and TO repeal the laws which authorize
the fishing bounties and allowances.
10 spare 10 any gentleman, Mr.. President IN, sup
posed necessity OF rchcarsing me lecture upon the
impoi lance o the fisheries " i'll premise that have
some acquaintance with the subject; that know the
hsheres' to he valuable, for the food they produce the
commerce they create, the mariners they perfect the
employment they give 10 ar sans in the buAing Of YES
sells and the consumption OF wood, hemp and IRON also
know that the Fishermen applied for the bounties at
Tire commencement OF our present form OF govern
ment which the British give their fisheries and that
II WIS denied them upon the report of the Secretary
State, (Nlr Jrferson) and have lately read the six
dozen acts CT Congress- general and particular
the last forty years from 1889 to 1929 inclusive giving
the bounes and allowances which il is my present pur
pose to abolish with the duty on alum SALT which the
foundation upon which all this superstructure of Iepis-
tive enac,ments has been reared.
say the salt tax and especially the alum salt
which is the Kind required for tho sheries is the fon-
daton OF all these bounties snd allowances. and that
as they grew up together, il is fair and regular that
they should sink and fall tog ether.
To prove this, let the law speak.
THE LAWS
L. Act ot Congress- lTS9 grants five cents barrel on
picked fish and saltsd provisions, and five cents aun
tai Oh dried fish, exported from the United states in lieu
OF drawbac Of the duties imposed the importation
OF III" salt used in curing such fish and provisions.
N. B Duty on saI at that time, six cents busheI
z Act OF 1890, increases the bounty in lieu oi
drawback, to ten CENTS barrel picked fish and
sailed provisions, and ten cents quntal on dried FISH
The duty on salt being then raised 10 twelve cents
bushe
3. Act of 1892, repeas the bounty in lieu Of draw
back on dried fish, and in lieu OF that and as commu-
taon and equivalent therefor, authorizes an allow
ance 10 be paid to vessels in the cod fishery dried
hsh) at the rate Of 81 80 Ton vessels of 20 to 80
TONS So 80 on the tonnage OF vessel. above 80 tons.
with limitation of $40 Tor the highest allowance to a.
ny vessel
4. supplementary act, of the same year. ad Is
twenty per cent TO each head of these allowances.
Act OF 10Y increases the bounty on sailed proyi.
sions TO eighteen cents barrel; picked frsh TO
tweI tvtwo cents barrel; and adds SO I3 per cent 10
the allowance in favor OF the col ~hng vessels Duy
on sal', at the same time being raised twenty cents
bu.hel.
6. Act Of 1889 increases the bounty on picked 6.h
to thirty cents BARREL sailed provisions twenty
FIVE.
T. Act of 1900 con,iEues all previous acts for bonn
tes and aliowance for ten yeAr and makes this pro-
vso: That hese allowances sha not be understood to
be continued 10: longer time than the correspondent
es on salt respectively, for which the said additional
allowances were granted, shall be payable.
g. Act Of 1907 repeals all laws LAYING duty on i'm.
ported salt and for raying bounies the expectation
o p'Sed sh an sailed provisions and making allow.
anees to fishing vessels. Mr. Jefferson being then Pre-
siient
. Act OF 1913, gives bounty Of twenty cents Lar.
rel on picked h exported. and allows the cod. ii III
ing vessels at the rate OF So 10 the ton for vcseis b
tween twenty and thirty ion, 81 for vessels above
hrty with limitation Of 272 dollars for the hghe
'ilowance and proriso, that bounty or allowance
mould &c paid unless il was proved to the satisfaction
INC Collector, That the fish wholly cured with TO-
reign salt and the duty il secured or pail The salt
iuty at the rate OF twenty cents a busheI was revived
a. war tax, at the time. Bornies on saI,ed pro
visions were emitted
TO- Act Of 1916 continued the act of 1918 in force
which, being for the war only, would Otherwise have
expired |
H. Act Of 1919 increases The allowance 10 vessels in
he codhshng TO SO so ton on vessels from FIVE to
ry; 10 Sfa ton on Ve'se!s above thirty tons with IL
imitation OF $3.50 for the mex mum allowance.
l2 Act OF 1873 authorizes the mackerei fishing YES
sci" To take out licenses like the cod fishing vessels un
ier which Il IS reported hy the vgiIin Secretary ofthe
II -. -. =.