Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1828-1831, 1830-09-17

Constitution. 10 declare which system should be
prone, aud believing ha, the securities now cnurne
rated. of them, wers ADEQUATE they have |
erc"rdingly provided shat the Constitution of he u
states and laws made in pursuance of II, and all :
treaties made under the authority of the u States,
Shall be the supreme kn,o of the and and that the
jndicia power shall extend To oil cases arising n
dor tho Constitution, laws, or treaties, Of the L.
Statey.
The s. Carolina doctrine, on the other side is
that that State has the right Ia determine the limits
If the powers granted 20 the General Government;
and that, whenever any of It's acts transcend thosr
limits IN the opinion of the State of =. Ca ruiina
she IL competent to unnul them, II the power with
which the Fericra Government is invested by the
V"nsiitn'isn, 10 determine the limits ot authority
5e liable tn the possible danger Of ultimate consn
cation, and AL the safeguards which have b7en men,
tioued might prove inadequate. is no, this no,, or
claimed far S Carolina, traugh; with infinitely more
ccrain, immediate and fatal danger' 1t would re.
verse the rule OF supremacy prescribed in tho Con
sthu''on. IL would render the authority of single
State paramount tn thai OF the whole Union For
undoubtedly that Government to some extent, mus,
be supreme. which Gun annu and set aside the acts
VI another.
The securities which the people Of other mart, or
The u =. possess against the abuse tins tren,en-
dous power claimed for s. Carolina ~ nj 10 fonnd ~,
comparison to b. greatly inferior to those winch she
mas against the possible abuses OF the General Gov
eminent. They have voice in her Councils thoy
could not, by the exercise Of elective franchise
change her rollers, they could not uupeacb her iudo
cs they could not alter her constitution nor abolish
her government.
Uader the $. Carolina doctrine, if established the
consequence would be n disso itlon Of he Unon,
immediate, inevitable, irrGsIsihlc. There would be
twenty iour chances to one against rs continued cv
istencc. Tho aDprehcnded dangers Of the opposite
doctrine, rcmnic, contingent, and hardly possible
arc greatly eHag 'iat ID. and against their real.za-
ton, all TIC precautions have been provided which
hum1n wisdom aud purrotlc foresight cond CO nccIve
and devise
Those who opposed to the supremacy of the
constitution laws, aud treaties Of the T. Slaies, are
%
they may make. For 1t may be truly affirmed. that
no conieaeTacy al States Can exist without i power
somewhere residing in the Gov"rnmen, OF that con
federacy, to determine the extent of the u,r urllv
granted To 1t by The contedcratng States
1t is admitted, that The South Carolina doc.
trme Is hattie to abuses but it is con,endet that
the patriotisca Of each STATE Is an ADEQUATE o.
cuTiiy, and that the nuhfying power would ou!y
only be eXcr,ed in extraordinary case where no
powers reserved 10 the S atcs under the cvosI,rin
are usaTpcd by The Federal government" And is no,
me PHnphSDi OF al the S'aGs as great sufcuuarI
against the assumptions powers not conferred upyp
the genera! government, the patrotIsa, OF
oAc state is against The denial of pov-rs wnica
arc clearly grantee But nulifyInr nowrr !,
only 70 be exercised an er:rqoy!inIry cosr
Nho l. to Judge OF this exiTaurt,nsrv case? What
security ~ there especially in moments of vreat *,
element that State may pronounce m. rI,,n.s.
ana most common exercise of Fedora! power an rg-
LT1ordin7TB cssc: The expressions IN Tho En-s.,
iution, general welfare, have been of en- Iu,tIv CRIT,
isau' ahu fn'~n to convoy, IN themselves no power
n.1NN
~ shNua be exercised. Bot This dcct,Ins of an ov
Faor7Esry case 20 be judged of and .epI,ed n, npo
- me twenty four sovereIgnues is r.us+e with n
astciy more danger than The doc rlne of ,hc ,ana
IA welfare, IN the bands OF all.
we may form some IDEA of future abuses o,Ir- ,-,
9on'h Car ma doctrine, by the application which r.
nov proposed 70 be made OF ii. The America G.
ten IS SAID to furnish extraordinary case ;os,ir
that State to nuniy il. Tie power 10 reguIate r"
Fa'gn commerce by tariff, adjusted as TO fu.ter
CUP domestic manufs cturcs, has been cxerc;c-I 60
The commencement of our presen, Constitution dow
To the last session of Congress. have been r.,
her o. the House Of Represeu tavcs at three dfr.
periods when the subject of the tariff was deba,rJ =,
great length and on neither, according TO nv reroI
le1'oh was the want OF constitutional 20 wer ~ Con
80. 20 enaci H. dwelt on as forming serious and
aips'.nai objection TO its passage. On the last ~.
Casion u think it wHs) in which partcin,ted in H.
debate was accidentally said 10 be against the soir,
~ the constitution. Whilst the authority of liz
'her Of the constitution IS invoked TO sanction -,
Fc'Ver'on of MS meaning, principles ,f disunon o,J
f9orhon 1t IS rejected to sustain lhc con,rover,rJ
p""'T, although his testimony in support of has
hs@n clearly and explicitly rendered Th;.',>a,r-
th'a asssr ted exercised, and maintained n e.,
%hlch' leading politicians in south Carolina have
thc'nseT@s voted IS alleged to furnish Gan r,,,,J;
navy cas', where the powers reserved tn ,be S.
nna"r The constitution, usurpet by the Gennrsii
n,'e'hnsh': II II be- there IS scarcely sta,utc in
pnr code which would not p PRESENT a case .c"aII
iFa"rdinary, jnstifyng South Carolina OPP ,nv g.
Sta'e 10 nnlliy Il ny o'"ef
me Un'ted States arc not orly threatened with n.
nlithcaton OF numerous acts which they have J.I;l
al"y passed. bot with withdrawal Of nm. ,s -
members from the confsdera-y. IF the unhao, me
shsud ever occur, ct State being really aesr,, 9,
separate itself from the Union, !, Would urrqs,, 80
Questions: The FIRST would be, whether :, b.J -,
70 withdraw without the Common copsert az o.. =, 81
heTs' and supposIDg as believe, no such r;ot, ., -
i5t' whether Il would be expedient TO Weld ,ons.,
Although there may be power to preyen, = ...c,,
u u'ght be deemed polite to allow it, Il MIL, -.
CONSIDERED ekPedeol to permit the refractory St..
TO take the portion Of goods that faTIetb :, 80
10 suffer her to gather her all together. and .,
go oil Win her living. Bn', if State shonlJ h
Wiling ana allowed Hns TO depart, and to reno,,c
her future portion of the Inheritance Of this great
fious'aHa prosperous Republic, she wonh speed,Iy
reiufn, and IN language ofrsp "nlancp say Ia ts IL,
members OF tlns Union, BTetlrrn 81 have s;nrcd
Bainst Heaven an before thee" Whethcrthev MI
kill tie fatted calf, and, Gliding ny com ,I
Der ct the family, say "this thy sister was ,Isd III
aliVej and vas lost and IS found" sinr.rot - /
the historian may never have occasion to record J
bu' nun h;aOn and disuulon the only IN, 49,, ~
lornh"a"e means OF nssa!iug the 1rG f., o,,n,,, 49,
el The camps 3n a. the LAT soon Of Corare,s And @ ~
NOS ohRug ih'kne = have since publicly eypnsd we
o. OPERATIONS It's 10 divide and connusE To sfrgeL s,I %
que tne system m teial They b'gan by rcdrcng tt. ]
sh anu moIa'scs and restoring e drawback OF ,, 80 w
we Aef article, allowed the expectation OF s,i,, ~
int r.tpdt ~,