The Arkansas advocate., 1830-11-24

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 .NoD. iG.---Saali Por.-Thisio ioathsome disease has made it's appearance in some ot the interior counties of this District - in Carroll, particularly, it has crea- ted so great a panic that their Circuit Court is said to have adjourned without doing any business. In this section of the District there has been no appear ance of 1t; and our town has enjoyed better health during the last season, than for five years previous.-lJid.
 1t sreported that the steam beat NEW JERSEY, from St. Louis, ladened with lead, struck a snag short distance a. bove the mouth of Ohio, and went down iostantiy-no lives were iost.-b.
 From the New York Courier & Enquirer.
 sNr. .ofadison's Letter on Nulhfcation. We pubiishto-day thisinteresiing doc ument on subject of great interest to every friend of the Constitution, and of the Union. It is just sueh.a letter as we expected from Mir. MADISON, and such an one assllouid have the effect of wean- Ing the misguided statesmen of South Carolina from their revolutionary doc trines, and teach them to estimate more highly than they now do, the value of the Union. They have heretofore baS- cd their nuiiifying doctrines on the Vir- glnla resolutions of l79S, and they now have from the, author of those resoiu. tions, an interpretation of their spirit entirely different from that which they arc disposed to put upon them. The following passage in Mir. Madison's let ter is, in itself, conclusive as 10 the dis tinction which the Legislature of Virgin ia drew between declaring a law uncon- lstltutional, and nullifying it by the act of single state.
 "ltis worthy ofremark, and explana- tory of the intentions of the Legislature, thqtthe words "not law, but utterly null, void and of no force or effect" which had followed, in one of the Resolutions, the word unconstitutional were struck out by common consent. Though the words were in fact but synonymous with ''unconstitutional," yet, to guard against a misunderstanding ofthis phrase as more than declaratory of opinion, the word unconstitutional alone was re- tained, as not liable to that danger.v
 To our minds nothing is clearer than the difference between the republican doctrine advocated by Virginia in the l resolutions of l798 and the South Car olina doctrine at this time. Virginia claimed and exercised the right of de- clarDg tine alien and sedition laws un- constitutional, and called upon her sis ter states to unite with her in such de- claration; ilknowing that iftwo-thirds of the states accorded with hcrin opin- ion, 1t would produce their repeal, or a convention, according to the fifth article of the constitutions: in either of which cases they would have obtained relief fromthe operation of the obnoxious laws. But she did not claim the right to sus- pend their operation until such time as two-thirds of the states should admit their constitutioDality. $. Carolina on the contrary, not only claims the right Of declaring the tariff laws unconstitu- tional, but also the right of suspending their operation until such time as two thirds of the states of the Union, shall take the subject into consideration and admit its constitutionality. Or in other words, any state in the confederacy, ac- cording to the doctrine advocated by South Carolina, possesses the right of suspending an act of Congress until two thirds of the states agree to let it be en- forced. Thus if we were threatened
 with invasion from Canada, and Con gross is its wisdom should direct an af- my to be raised for the purpose of re- polling it, the little state of Delaware, containing about the one handyeth and l |Jfjlieth port of the inhabitants of the Un- ion, may decree that the law shall not go into operation until such time as two thirds of the states in the union shall either by their legislatures or in conven- ton, nave admitted tine constitutionality Iof such a law Are the people of this or any othee state in the Mnion prepared |tO support this dostFipes We answer