Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1830-02-09

In an extent oi hundreds aud Thousands of square
miles, no other surface Of .nng green atesed the
presence OF civilization. The hunters ua,b crossed
mighty rivers. flowing in solitary grandeur who's. sour
ccs lly in remste unknown cons OF the wilderness
IL struck uron the north. ON vast l ~ se, over
which tie "iniry tempest r.gh a. on Rec ocean; all
around was bare erection. a No fresh .,,nuche,l,
unbounlec, magnificent Nidetntsa Ana H. What
nu now Us u Inauguration oulv or can r,ss;cly be
TAFT thM Prcsen such uh ag- ,ur rice. ard as
toashes u, when urt, our eve. to Via. Ohio now
Is! Is ii realty or dream tha' ia short rotjod
even as tl''yhve years thgrr aas 'ptuus p2 ON The
same surface, an Independent ) ate, vita nil
lion Of people? \ million Of irhlhitansi an amount o,
population sret.r t,p ta; OF all tLecamo u Sw,tzsr.
land; eque ,n'-thi.d oil III the peooe OF he u.
when they undertook 10 accomplish their iniepen.
dence. new member It tn. Republic Ia. already
LEFT tdr hthni her, majority OF ;he Oh! States She Is
now BY he 81 20 OF vi MA anl T. nHsylvanis and in
point ct numbers, VII shortly admit no equal bu,
New York he'si. If sir. we any lU6se Of measure,
ty their results, what lessons do ,hese facts RAID us
upon the policy OF the Es.crRncni What differences
do they authorize upon 'hs General ques ioi of kind.
uaSndnr>s! VIII coIvic.ious a., thsv
enforce as 10 The wisdom and lily on the on. ban
or the folly and inctp3cty, the other OF our y-ne
rdl administration oil western aRais? Sir, does It no.
require svine p"uOn o. sci respect ia Us to ina CINE
that II our gt had shoae ON tie p,h g. gov rument
il our wi,dOn could have been co steJ IN il mea-
sures more rapid advance to strength and prosp ry
would have been experienced? For my own part
while am struck with word-r at the success also
lock with admiration at tn wisdom and tore sight
which originally arranged ami prescribed the sy.-
tenn for the s-lt-Elsnt Of th. public ion4n q.
operation has been. without ,ul,nenr. intsrrup,iou
to push the settlement OF ths western country To the
full extent Of our u mot means.
Bn, ST.. TO re'u'n 70 the remarks Of tn. honor able
member from South Carolina. III says ,hat Congress
hes sold hese an1s, and pat the money into the ira
sury,whle other Governments acting in more liberal
spirit, gave away their lands; AID tina; ought aso
to have given away. shall not stop TO state an
account between derived from land and
cur expenditures in Indian treaties AMI Indian wars.
Bur, must reer he honorable gentleman to the or.
gn OF our title To the soil of these Territories and
remind him that we received them conditions and
under trusts which would have been violated by Civ
ing the sOl away. For com aGce with those condi.
ons aud the just execution oi those trusts, the public
lam was 'oiemniy pledged. The public lands of the
United a:es have been derived from four prncin,
sources First. CessiOns made T. the United Saies by
In hviu" Sites OF hcteco nme daton requested he
old Congress, Second. fne compact with Gsorpa in
ls02 Third The purch's. Of Louisiana in 1903 =
Fourth. Ths purchase OF Florida in 1919 OF the first
class the most imp rimt IA: cesson by Virginia
of all her right AMI Ii lie, well of soil Jurisdictions to
all he territory vi HIN the limits OF her charter living
to the Nc.hwest o. the river OHIO Ii NAV not be III
timed TO r. cur TO the causes ami occasions OF this and
the other similar grants.
When the war OF the r volrtion broke out, urea,
difference existed in lsrent Safes in the proportion
between p ople an! territory. The Northern and Eas. |
tern State, with very small surfaces CONTAINED cnp,
pSratively thick population, and there was gene
rSlly with th'r ,i"its 10 great quantity If waste
lan's belonging 10 e Government. o. tn. Crown OF
EhSd'l Oh n com a Y, there in the Spuib-
Hte' in Virginia md in G orsIa for exampI, ex
trn>ve put HpmaiI' whO ly uDs-til Il, and beiolg
n9 to ~" G own. A. thee 0 e. $ On, womb uece.
sd1iy 'l 'r'm the Crown, in M event OF prosper
o1s issue o. iA' war, WAS insisted hat they oiyht
20 IL vol rv ue Ut Suites. i.r III e0oh of he
wAIr. Ihf wAr, N'', gued, IN e aG-n md |
carried or At The c0tnn,o ense of al the colonies.
aearh. II snccc, .ul, ought also 10 n. common: |
e och, 'o Re regarded a. The general acou.Io of
a i lie ye' '' W. w r'-ing, l. cont nied |
hat Tonsr IS ought % have IL. pc" .pose f va
e M Anl u'pl' EN- ri ini. com gouy called Grown
lands, lr Ge RAJ ing the OF the war an r o.
her public aa general rpos's. "R'asrn a, d JUL
lice, said the assembly OF New Jersey, n l7IS "muS
decide thn' M" property whcn existed in the Crown
Of Gea' Bri,'i', previous TO the present revolution
ought now To b-sng IN thi Congress in trust nr The |
rsr and henet ofthe United Siaes They have tong.,
and he'd Tor IT, in proportion 20 a. es ec,ivr hi ca
and he-";oe the ew ri ought To ~ rrell ctiona-
" dstrbut'G. Shill such AT "a are shu, ont V
situation from avainS themselves Of the least avan-
tage from this qua ter, be left to sink unor an emo
msus debt, whilst others enabled in short p,rio
to replace all III Dauii;urus from tie hard eanngs
Of the whole conf defacy."
Novelty hose con ,ider. Cons AMI th.sa addresses
made toitC3rgress took up subj ct anil in SIP en-
her, 1850, r, commended to the several States 10 he
Union, having claims to Western Ter,i,or. 10 make
liberal cession' Of portion thereof 70 h. I'M ed
States; AMI on the lOh Oct 1850 Congress resolved
fiat any fands, so ceded IA pursuance Of their pre-
cehnS recOnmen lltiOp Sh9uid be dSD9seI of for the
common benefit IF the United States si3uld be settled
and formed into distinct RsnuJirrr States IN became
members ~ the .derGt Uni ICiH the S1yne rights
Of soreretgniN freedot and independence as the other
States; amt Ma' the lands hOuid be gfaned or set
Hed at such times dnd u1lder such regulations as
siould6e agreed oa BIZ Congress. Again in Soften |
he 1883 Congress passed ano h,r 'olI ion,
ing the con ti0ns wh ch ces~ious from ala should
be received; and in October following Vjrgni, made
her cession recitng she rescuton or act Of S.pen-
bee preceding, and then ranserr ng her la 10 her
Northwestern Territory 10 the United States upon the
express condition That the lands 50 ceiei sh,ulI BE-
cOnStf ered as cMDn fitqd fur me use ant beneff
Of such NJ the Uhtsi Nnt"S hnd become or shoniLI
became Numbers If fhe Confederation, Tir-inis in
ctusivs, ami Shouid he (hEiy ami hama fde dispos.
cd of fOr that purpose, and for no 0hor u.s. or pur-
pose 'chdfSOeUcr. The grants from other Stues wero
on similar condi'in0s Massachusetts and Connecticut
both had claims 10 Wns anis aud to'h elinGn;she
them TO he United States the same manner Tie &c
grants were all mace three substantial con1 ton or
trust. Fir.t, that tn cered Terri Dries shud he
formed into SntSs, AMI admitted in due time mo he
Unicn with ali the rights bs!on ing the her St,es
Second th1t the lands sionl flrIn a common hnl 10
he di'pnsed OF Tor h raj benefit e al the St,s
Tn rd, 'hat they b5ui b. s,l anil s,''le] AZ such
time and ia sgch manner Congress should direct
Nov, Sir, it p in hat Congress nsvtr vas been.
and not now, At liberty 20 disr glrd ese o,no COO
di'ons.F0r he fnihlme1t cf IL ihc,n r4st the pub
lie TAI in wa, aud ., fully oedlr]. How tbon ~oq,d
II have been 30 sb- for Congress- il had hne0 90 liz
posed, TO give away these prhlic land? How could
they have followed The eX'upe Of other governments
II there h'd been such, and rOs ereh tie connue.t NJ
'he wilderness "a cquivai.u c,,uneneaon Tor The
iP The aes bad look d TO Nitieritory perhaps
'o) ely, az fund 4 of which means were 10
come 10 d ~ he EXPENSE NJ tie war It had BEEN
received o. irn'; fund Congress hal bound i'sel
10 IN. t. lt4va o. 200 Il