Virginia advocate. [volume] (Charlottesville, Va.) 1827-1860, 1830-04-02
NO. 35.
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pressed. Tier naval power can never be for
''''dpe uh"er such system, whatever may DO
the number or description of her ships of war.
france appears latterly to have adopted moro
enlightened policy. We have no tables of her
navigation; but we have the best evidence of
her prosperity in the extraordinary progress of
her foreign commerce siLce the war. Since
1919, her imports have risen from I9S TO a53
millions of francs, and her exports from ao7 IN
oil millions Of francs There is. however III.
Tic probability of our having, with either
france or Russia, any collision of Il character
SO serious as to involve us in war. The COM
'hlttee iidvo been. more successful in obtaining
complete and accurate statements of the nnvi-
@ation OF Great Britain and her domipions-
documents lar moro interesting to us, consider
| ing the magnitude of our commercial and no.
| ".o" ieiatohs with that great maritime Power
| however injurious we had supposed ou. policy
| 10 oc' we were not prepared to expect that
these statements would exhibit as they do. n
more rapid Increase in British than i'm Ameri-
! can Tonnage We had MT supposed that a younp
| rising ana naturally commercial country, whose
population and agriculture are growing with
unequal!ed rapdity, could, under any policy, be
| outstrpped in the race by nation whose nayi-
CATION was presumed to have reached its maxi
num- and whose naval power was supposed to
be ut least stationary in its meridian, if its was
not already in its decline. But Great Britain
has granted commercial liberty to her vast en-
pirc, at home and abroad and has taken pow
start in the race of nations while W., on tho
other hand, protesting to be free, have restrict
cd our own citizens in their intercourse with
ali the world.
These statements furnish incontrovertible eyc
ioenco oil the consequences to the navigation of
the two nations, resulting from simultaneous
change OF policy in both countries The docu-
ment, No. 9, shows US, in double contrast. .be
former and present rates of duty, in Great Ri
tam and the United States 1t will be seen all
the declarations to the contrary notwitbstand.
ing, that, us fast as il had been practicable
TREAT Britain has retrograded from prohibitions
to moderate duties, while we have been substi.
tuung restrictions for free trade The state
iheht, NO. D, exhibits, in one view American
Tonnage entering from abroad, in each year. from
lSlo to 1913 inclusive; and that which is de-
nominated the foreign tonnage of Great Britain.
Tor inc same years, emitting 1928 which wo
have not been able to obtain. While our n,v;F-
CATION has remained at best stationary, that of
our rival advanced, from 1915 TO 1897. 74Is40
IONS the mere increase alone, in British for
eiSn navigation, amounting nearly TO the Who'll.
foreign tonnage of the United States. Of ,bo
coastng tonnage of Great Britain, there u,s ~
accoun: authorized till 1923; in that ve,, !,
stood at 1888 ,S27; in 1927, it was 6as oee
tons. Part Of this increase is owino 70 ,h. :;
c'us'on oil the Irish tonnage, but it is principal
10 'fe rapid increase OF her navigation in tho
coastlng trade. The mere increase in be, co,.,-
ing TONNAGE ior live years, is more than equal
" 'le ~hoie enrolled and licensed tonnage of
the United States, whether employed ON our
coast, on the Mississippi, Missouri, Ohio. ON
oui Northern lakes, or in the fisheries. The
document, No. Z, exhibits the nayipatio, IS
Great Britain, employed in the trade, with nh
parts OF the world, from 1914 to 1928 inclusive
ana the aggregate amount of the FOREIGN ton,.
age OF the United States, from 1915 to 1893 in.
elusive 1t will be seen, by this statement ,h..
with the exception of the whale fishery Rr;,;sh
navigation has increased in everv branch g
TRACE; and that her ratio of tonnace in s,oh
branch; has been uniformly more and moro G,
Voraoie 10 her. She is even oyerhaulino o,r
own navigation, in the direct trade with ,b,t
country; inc American tonnage commenced
averaging 1918 and 1916, with 1924 TONS
ana closed averaged, in the two former re,r.
fi,'oo tons, and two latter 1861 tons Rut
the most important change occurred soon affair
she began to remove her prohibitory duties, and
we commenced augmenling ours. In Is2o w.
had l59,418 tons in the trade with Graz, RI;
tain, and in 1923 only 1874 tons: dec,;n.
i,244 tons. She had in the same trade !,
| tons in
5O,665 tons! The same table mo. ~ shows
mat, taxing the average of the two first and two
last years, from 1914 to 1923, the tonnage of all
foreign nations trading with Great Britain had
increased about 10000 tons, or per cent 1sbo
British navigation had augmented geo OOo TOM.
OF ABOUT 90 per cent The foreign TONNAGE,
traoihg win treat Britain, had remained near,
~ stationary while, comparing tho two first
with the two last years, British TONNAGE had in.
creased from 1871 ,175 to 9, 900, 627 tons. Com.
| mcncIng, also, with our tonnage in 1900 ,vbo,
our new policy began to operate, the forcicn
tonnage trading with tho United States was
5000 tons, in 1928 it was las. 435 tons in.
crease, IO,23l, fraction less than 80 per
cent. Our own tonnage in The FOREIGN trade
was, in 1920, 90l ,253 in 1928, S2l ,7SI tons in
crease, 2o,o2o tons, or fraction less than Der
cent! Since our new system of Government
has been in full operation the change is becom,
ing annually and rapidly more unfavorable to
our navigation. The proportion of foreirn To-
American tonnage was, in 1924, $500; in
ir25, 10 $780,; in 1s26, II 7,l00; in 1927, Il
4-iOD and in 1898, Is 3-l00 per cent Whro
such is the rotrograding condition Of our navi-
u CATION, ur rival is Leating all her competitors,
S and adding millions to her tonnage. Such is
tho condition Of the cousting and foreign trade Of
e the little Island of Great Britain, with all its