Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1830-10-19
IONNT4N.
From tls ". Y. 7fi.eoior.

snds, We shall take view Of the state OF that country
and Of the existing causes OF discomfort.
when the eoossa! empire Of Napoleon fell TO pieces
in 1874 the ancient divisions Of Europe no long
recognizable the Allies down before the map and
traced out new ones in the which they thought
best calculated toproduee balance Of power rather
70 secure to themselves, the means Of weighing dow
France. The wishes and welfare of the millions who
were thus united or separated transferred from one
master to another, were OF lett OF the ques-
on; that which was politically right, assumed TO
be morally right, and 10 each sharer of the SPOIL was
committed the task Of appeang or REFRESHING the muir
tnurs OF his subjects Some adapted one course and
granted constitutions; others adhered the old sspotc
pan and rendered resistance hopeless by their large
| standing armies.
| The Kingdom Of the Nethsriand, or Low Coun.
tries, were created by these arbters of Eurone an
desnies at the Congress Of Vienna who thus united
under one government, two nations geographic allv
contiguous, but differing entirely in religion languas
and character The Dutch, or inhabi,snts of what
was formerly the Republic OF the lower United Prov
inces, are strict and almost always exclusive Profess
tants they speak dialect of the German, and have
always been nsed fer the phegmatic coolnsss Of their
| character.
The Bslgians. who occupy the ether provinces are
the most bgod and in,olsrant Of Catholics; their
guags has resemblance to that of their other fellow
SUBJECTS, bsi0g essentially FreRch with mixture Of
Germsn, Spanish, and words Of uncertain origin: and
to complete the contrast, they have always been reck-
oned the moot fiery and turbulent Of mankind Their
who'e history one OF contention with the various pow
ers which have held them 10 subsection, until the
were conquered from the Austrians during the Revo-
luton, and Incorporated into the French Republic Sc
pa'a'ed oy no natural boundaries they asnilat-
ell WIN their fellow subjects and in every point were
viewed as a most important part Of the nation.
Politically the possession Of both countries i, essen
ai 10 that predominance at which the rulers of France
nave always aimed. The Dutch provinces offered a
long line OF seacosst favorable to their com and
afordng tina greatest facilities for rvaing Great Bri.
lain In peace or excluding her in Belgium, by its
dsnse and active population, its admirable fortresses
and l's geographical position barrier to in
vaon from the north. The country, too i, fertile a.
bounding in coal, iron, and sulphur aud
OF various kinds, carried on to an extent and de-
gree oil excellence, unknown el,ewhsre the CONT
nent. These advantages we're much increa sed auiiug
her cenne xiSn with France which afforded ady m
ke Tor both raw and fabricated articles To the ALI
hess were snhcent reasons Tor placing them in o,her
hsnds; and tbs crown bestowed upon the Prince of
Orange Nassau, whose whole family had long Governed
The United Provinces. under the title of Stakeholder
and who brought the additional CONNIE of hay
| ing never sided with the French,
These dispositions were. pleasing to neither Dutch
nor Begians The former had hoped their ancie
republic revived, and looked with suspicion the
crown which was TO decorate the brows of their ruler
However their old constitution was to be adopted with
out many changes and their vanity gratied by the
reelection that one OF their country and religion had
been chosen Tor them.
The Beieians, the other hand were loud in tn ir
disspprobaiion They considered Themselves in M n
ner subjected 10 the Dutch, wi thew foresaw youId
have predominance in the counc besides they look
ed With horror on hereto Sovereign who might well
be inclined To overthrow th~ir religious institutions -
mrr F e'amos were suspended by BuonaHries return
rom Eioa. when their country became tue arena in
which the tAtss Of Europe were again decided Thew
took part with the Allies p.rforce and no coufidenc
was placed in their troops who ker inactive be
hind the British lines at Waterloo and would doubles.
have received Napoienn with enthusiasm had the for.
tune Of the day been Otherwise
soon alter that event, an assembly of the NotabIes
from h- different provinces convened and A con.
sttulon submitted TO them which was e.rtainv more
liberal than could have been expected a, tina, period
Much discussion however, took place, and IT under
went many alterations before IL wa. ratified The neo.
pie are divided into three orders the nbii,y-be in.
ma iaDts OF towns who represent the commercial in
terest-and those OF the country for Agricultural BY
these three orders of The people are elected the
sen'aives oil the provincial Legislatures each of which
manages the internal affairs of its own state and
me represent aives OF the lower house OF the States
General or Congress OF the whole King dom The I'M
per house s In number not less than forty nor more
than sixty who are appointed by the King. and
hold their Offices for life but do not transmit them 10
their posteriiy The lower house contains one hun.
drei and ten The council Of state consists Of twenty.
four persons chosen by the King who preside at their
meetings, and 10 whom all acts present for rati6
cation
The executive power re.ts with the KIM: In. Iee;.
ia'iVe with the two houses jointly with the King Eve.
ry subject is eligible 10 every Office No privilege ex-
smps from the PAYMENT OF taxes The Ministers ara
not re'pon'ble The press under other restraints
man the liability 10 prosecution Of editors aud publish
ers-Aesoute liberty Of con,cenceis granted TO all.
Ihs last clause to IA appearing met
WIN Tue smos opposition from the Belgans who con-
d.
ed that III. Catholic Clergy should be represepieJ
vel az the her three orders. The difficulties were
temporarily smooihed, by ordinance appointing a
COMMITTEES oil council OF state, consisting OF three or
four Catholic msmbers, to whom every thing relative
| 10 their religion was 10 be referred.
AZ soon az the constitution accepted the KIM
occupied himself seriously in attempting
ton of his states; and from all accounts has done syerv
Thing 10 his power 10 become acquainted with the con.
dition o. the people, and to remedy the evils which oc
cur He Is represented az the laboous of nnan
mixing frequently with the psopIs And giving audience
every week TO all. wi'hsut distinction who have com.
plants TO mske petitions TO prefer Thsis we'll hi,
his situation Is peculiar, his tenure OF the crown is
thing but secure, and the first great cemmoop Of En-.
rope VIII most probably deprive lin Of II. fIis only
chance for securing it, should such an event occur
evidently depends upon the circumstance of his pre
ouIy wetning out all French st'schments and render
ing the two nations one, in feelings ard language
WIN WI' view he bss been endesvoring 10 maks the
beleians, Du'chmen and Protesiants The language n
Holland was niroduc ed into he courts Of Justice ,bs
snblc schools and the debates OF the States Gene
raw Atempts were also made 10 place Protestsn
teachers in the Catholic seminaries; philosophical col
iese was established at Louvan in which the s.ieurs
were principally taught and AT which all theoIogica
students were obliged to ssnd and none coud rscsv,
ordination who had studied abroad
The Catholic hierarchy took FIRE AZ tbi. yv.I, LOo,.
ing hat the cultivation Of The phv,cal sesrrs.is 49,
er'n engine against the es'ablishmeut Of their fab
Iher indignation was openly EXPRESSED on ali occs
mons unul IoEf when CopcOrdat Yves made 9th IN.
Pope which rendered The burthen some wba, ligbte,
SIM hey were not saushsd, and for the fret time per
hsps in The history Of the world the Ca,boIi. ~
showed themselves the friends Of
by demanding that the rights Of the people shouId ~
secured TO them like those of the En- gli.h and M,
merely at The will Of the Monarch. The calls To- ~
form were not confined 70 religious affairs The trial nv