Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1830-05-07
GONfGsIs.AS SYWNT AYE.

CONCLUDED


MIR. CHAIRMAN, If the surplus revenue after tba
eNohgushnebt OF the public debt does not disappon,
our expectations, this country in the space Of twenty
YEAR may be made to rank with any the globe.
we nave tabor and skill enoUgh-we have n, wars O,
prospect OF wars-we invited 10 the exerution
OF public works TO give 10 the country that artificial
require.
10 effect this great end, Mr.. Jefferson, Mr. Madi-
SON. anu MT Monroe, proposed change in the Con.
stution, onvcst Congress with an explicit ard com
pee power. The latter has more especially describ.
ell the extent OF his meaning. 1t is TO give the Gen.
eFai Government power to execute system Of inter.
nal improvements and to erect toll gates en- national
roads with an authority TO punish individuals W no shall
DO any injury 10 the public works.
Let ns examine, Tor moment, the practicable opera-
non oil The system thus proposed by these gentle n
WIZ me exercise OF the power TO make road produce
any bed effects? Private property can be "a ken for
puHic use on paying ju' compensa tion. vii state
be preIudced by good road passing through it, which
VIII increase its population and wealth, and cause bu-
yvages TO rise up and Industry to be excited on the
whole line! viii it make any difference 10 the owner
OF land, whether he is paid by State or the United
States? VIII the heads or hearts Of the apprasers he
changed by the circumstance Of their acting ci,izsns
OF The United States? Will the travellers care whe.
heT The gates are erected by Stcte or the General
government Individuals who commit any injury 10
the works, as in The Of those who ob.trict the
mail woni he liabl- 10 federal rrisdicon This how.
ever. formed objection in The mind OF Mr. NJ nroe
anu even This can be removed by investing this no w.
or in Tie Site Courts, has been prac ised in
cases. fugitive from justice is to he examined he
Il cd in
l'9S' " ~ Judges and JItcss of the Cout, of the
several States, having anthority by tha laws OF The
United S'stes 10 axe cognixanc- OF offences again.t
ihe constitution ant Laws thereof sssll respeCtfulIv
nave M IKE power and authority TO hold 10 securiy
OF The peace, and good bsha vior in arising under
The constitution IN laws of The Uni'pd States az NAV
or can no lawfully exerci4cd by any Judge or Justice
me Peace Of the re.pecVe States in cases cogniza-
Bile before them BY act Of the Sth of March
iou6, the respective County Courts within or next
adjoining the revenue sficts, shall be and hereby
authorized 10 cOo If
prosecutions, for fines penalties and orfcures arising
uhder ne revenue laws And by the act Of the 81,
April, lSOS the aforesaid act wa. continued wi,bout
limitation and extended 10 additional districts Again
on The i0h OF April, 1916, in the act charterng the
BANK oil The United States, is declared that nothing
herein conthned shall be construed 10 dsp,ive the
Courts TIE individual states OF jurisdiction under the
laws OF the several States, over any act declared nun
ishaoIe by this act. The State Legislatures can aid
in the protection oan United States law; and thew have
generally passed laws 10 punish for counerfeng the
notes OF the United States Bark. think there will he
no dhcuy ON this subject, when we bring our minds
to reflect upon IT,. These offences are rsrsIv ron,,
ted DO not, for the last thirty years recoect an in
stance on the Philadelphia and Lancaster TURNPIKE of
any forfeiture Tor the evasion Of the tolls III gaze,
were put on me whole contemplated road, do not sup.
pose thal more IMAM three four would occur in
year; and perhaps, none aud as have already sail
the State Courts can he invested with iurisdiction
over them. This road would not be 6ni he'd az 6vo
OF SIX years, and before then, the country presume
VIII GENE to some practicable result as to the mode of
repairing national roads. The repairs in nv opinon
VuSW w Ue Hdue OUT Oi tne money OF those who
The roads. IL cannot he expected that the General
Government will annually appropriate money to repair
roads. 'NP""
The best policy will be, to cons'uct, mr. 10 aid in the
construction OF roads and afterwards let them main
doing. ~ '''
Mr. Cbarman--the constitutional question think
In tue language Of MIR. Madison ought to he preclud
ed yet other geniem may not agfee with me in hi
opinion, and - this il The last time that ever expec
Peak large on this subject, wish 10 Comprise The
whole case in my ob'ervalions
will premise that the poweris one which Mr. Jf
ierson, Mr. Madison and Mr.. Monroe f,ongbt onoLl
10 belong TO the General Government. Tbev did no.
view u az obnoxious in lie character and dangerous :,
liberty; but as The Of binding the Union tove
ther' ana OF promoting the hest property Of the conn
Try The case is stripped Of every odious feature arr,
resolves Hse in'o naked question Of constitution
Jaw The only difference between the illustrous gen
tleinfn' Whose names have repeatedly m snUoned
~ inst the friends Of national improvements beIiev
mat Congress possesses IT, power already Tbes.
tnree Presidents were 30 ardent on the subject ina
tbey recommended change Of the Constitution w,
say mat no change Is nocessarythai the constitution
sacred instrument and should never be touched with