The Arkansas advocate., 1830-06-30

| recion, between Fiaroya and Onteju- nova, joins the chain first described, near the source of Pecan river, where a spur leaves 1t, and passing the Pecan and Wisshouse, forms a peak, and then rapidly subsiding, terminates the Colo rado.
 The fourth and last chain worthy oi notice, extends south-eastward, and sep arates the waters oi the Medina and Rio Trio, large branch of the Nueces. Near the source ef Rio ERs Eric Trii96, q broken ridge leaves the main chain, passes to- wards the southeast, and divides the upperwaters of Rio f'rio from the Nue- ces. Atthe foot of this chain, and over the plain which extends On both sides of the Nueces towards the Gulf of Mex ico, are found those countless droves of wild horses, which gives animation to a region otherwise desolate and dreary. Most of the rivers have their sources if# the north-eastern part Of the province. flow through open plains of grass, into the HlaFstes which line tIiesouth-eastern coast of Texas, in common with the southern portion of the adjoining state of Louisiana. The whole of the north eastern part of the province, is undnla- ting, with hills of moderate elevation. These, however, entirely subside or leaving the faresIA -and. znear-.the- gull Coast nothing is to be seen but.a moaot onous level of prairie and sea marsh, ad- vaacing westward, Q rapid improve ment in the soil and general aspect of the country is perceptible. The lands near the coast become more elevated and dry; marshes, which abound to such an unlimited extent in the south= eastern quarter, almost wholly disap- pear on approaching the valley of Bra EOS.
 West of the Brazos, and southeast of the mountain regloii, Ii 1t cah be So call- ed, extends q vast plain, whose lnclna- tioa, as Indicated by the water courses, is very considerable. Is this plain ap- breaches the alluYiaI borders, its iacIi- liation seHsibly dlmInishes. and eom- paratiyel} level surface s presented a- loag the whole extent of this foFmatiou.
 ilthougii the country between thc coast and the lower road ls very level, it Is nearly free from marsh, and west of Galveston bay is entirely so.
 North-west of the mountain region, whichas ha: been stated, lies in the cen tral and southwestern parts of the pro vince, immense Prairies. covered with grass, q d atiordihg inexhaustable pas turage for cattle and horses, occupy the entire space between the "6ross finn bers, and the northern and western confines of the province. The Cross Timbers, so called, constitutes Q siGgu- lar feature in t8e northern part of the province; they consist of dense growth of forest trees, some of them ot a prodi- gious height and extended in strip of about 30J miles in length, and moi ex- ceeding 20 miles in mean width, nearly due north from tic Waco village. on the Brazos, to Arkarsas river. This forest which may bejostly ranked among the 9atural curiosities of the country, forms, by its peculiar appearance, a striking contrast to the dssl and monotonous prairies on either side. The lines which mark its limits are so completely defin- cd, as almost to induce belief, that art had been employed in giving form to this extraordinary work oi nature.
 Climate, sotl and produee.-ln the cen tral and northern parts of Texas, the climate is highly salabriou8, and may, when geographical positionand south ern exposure are taken into view, be regarded az a comparatively cold re- zion. The winters, il those parts, as in the corresponding portions oi Coahu- ila, are generally cold, and sometimes severe. Near the coast, and especially ia the southwestern quarter of the pro vince, the climate is greatly affected by the long droughts which prevail, ahd + connexion with its relative depression serve to increase its mean temperature far beyond what the difference of lati
 tude between itsporthern and southern sections would lead us toexpect. Raint in this quarter rarely fall, but whel
 they do occur, they fallintorrents. The
 excessive rains that sometimes deluge and the protracted droughts, which oc
 casionally parch, the south western par
 of Texas and northern portions of Ia
 maulipas, are among the most remarka
 ble phenomena of physical geography From these, and more local causes, tn
 climate of Texas generally presents les