Virginia free press & farmers' repository. [volume] (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1827-1832, 1830-12-15


the present ccntury-so iuss % che Stnses
and 90 generous TO the Indiana. the Ex.
eea'ive feels il has . right 70 expect the
cooperation Of Congress, aud OF I'll good
and thssnteressed meo. The States. more.
over, have . right 70 demand 10. II ~ss
substantially part Of the compact ~ hieh
made them nembers Of our coa(estev.cv,
VIII Georgia. there 10 IN express COO
tract; with tho new States, ~ implied
one. Of equal obligation. Why, in a.,ho-
rixing Ohio, indiaas. Missouri, Mi..i..;,,-
pi. and Alabama. TO form constitutions
and become separate States, did Congress
include within their limits extensive tracts
OF Indian lands. and. in some instances,
powerful Indian tribes, Was IL not un-
derstoed by both parties that the power Of
the States was TO be CO extensive With
their lmits. and that. with Oh convenieu,
dispatch, the General Government should
extinguish the Indian title, and remove
every obstruction 60 the complete iuris-
dietisn Of the State Governments over
the soil? Probably not ono Of those
States would have accepted separate ex.
ts,snce-certainly il would never have
been granted by Congrsss--had il been
understood that they were 10 be confined
forever TO those small portion. Of their
nominal territory. the Indian title 10 " bic n
had At the time been extiayuished.
u II therefore, q duty which this Govern
msut owes to the new States. 10 exiinguish.
ss coon - possible, the Indian title 10 ali
iand> which Congress themselves have in
cluded within their limits. When mi, 4.
done, the duties Of the General Government
an relation to the states and indians within
their limits arc Of IN end. The Indians ma,
iesve the state or not, rs they choose. The
purchase Of their lands does not altar, in the
least, their personal relations with tho stale
government. No act Of the General Govern
men' has ever been deemed necessary 10
give the states jurisdiction over the persons
OF tho Indians. That They possess, by virtue
OF their sovereign power within their own
llmits IN rs full IN amor he fore ns after the
purchase OF tho Indian lands; nor can this
Government add TO or diminish H.
May We not hope. therefo fore, that ell good
citizens, and none more zeslousiy than those
who think the Indians oppressed by subjec-
ton TO the laws Of the states, will unite in
attempting 10 open the eyes Of those chill
dren OF the forest TO their true condition.
and by speedy removal. to relieve Them
from the evils, real or i'm 1ginary, present or
prospective. with which they msy DE suppo..
cd TO DO threatened.
Among the numerous causes Of eongrstu-
iation, TIE condition OF our impos, revenue
promises the means Of extinguishihy the
public debt sooner than vas anticipated, and
furnishes q strong illustration Of the practi-
cal effects OF The present tariff upon our con-
mercial interests.
The object OF the tariff is objected 10 by
some as uncon stitutional, and 10 is consider
ed oy almost ell - defective in many OF its
parts.
The power 10 impose duties on imports
originally belonged 60 the severalStsies The
right to adjust those duties with q view 10
the encouragement OF domestic branches Of
industry is so com pietciy incidental TO that
power, that il 10 difficult 20 suppose tho ex-
istence Of The one without the other. The
States have delegated their whole au,horit,
over imports TO the General Government,
without limitation or restriction, saving the
very inconsiderabIe reservation relating to
thsir inspection laws. This suthority hay.
ing thus entirely passed from the States, shx
right to exercise 10 for the purpose Of PRO.
lection does not exist in them; and, eon.e-
queniIy, If IL be not possessed by the Gene
raj Government, IL must be extinct. Our
political system would thus present the ano-
maiy OF people stripped Of the right TO fos.
ter their own industry, and 10 eounteraci
she most selfish and destructive polio which
might be adopted by foreign nstions. This
surely cannot be the case: this indispensable
power, thus surrendered by the States, mus,
be within the scope of the authority on the
subject expressly delegated TO Congress.
IN this conclusion. Am confirmed rs well
by the opinions Of Presidents " ashington.
Jefferson, Madison, and Monroe, who nav,
each repesiedly recommended the exercise
OF this right under the Constitution, rs b,
1.-THE uniform practice OF Congress, the con
ttinuei scqnicsesucs Of the State, and the
general understanding Of the people
4. the hihcuiiiessof q more expejient adj
tostment or the present tariff, are far from
esing insurmountsble. Some are unwilling
20 improve any Of its parts. because they
would dssiro, the whole: others fear 10
toueh the Objectionable paris, lest those
they spprove should be teoparded. I am
pursuaded that the advocsies Of these con-
hicting views do injustice 10 the American
people and TO their Representatives. The
General interest Is tho interest of each (; and
my confidence IL entire, that 10 ensure the
adoption Of such notifications OF the ,arii
as tho general interest requires, il is ONLY
necessary that that interest should be under.
stood.
IL - an infrmiIy Of our nature 10 mingIe
our Interests and prejudicos with the opers.
ton OF orr reasoning powers, and attribute
TO the objects OF our likes and disIikes quail
ties they dc not possess, snd effects they can.
DOT prodJos. The effects Of the present ts-
FIH are doubtless overrsted, both 10 its evils
pod its advantages. By Cns class Of Tea.
soneTs. the reduced price Of cotton and 9th.
% agricultural products is aseTibed wholly
% its influence. and By another, the reduce d
price Of manufactured srticles The prOba.
9ii,y -. that neither opinion approaches the
ruth, and that both sre induced by that in.
Anenes of interests and prs1uJiees 10 which
hSssrefsrred The decrease Of prices ex-
ends throughout the commercial woriS
pmorseing not only The raw material snd
nanuiseiured article, but provisions aud
sands. The cause must be deeper and more
ferVadiog than the tsFIH Of the United slsies
NJ msy, ~ MEASURE, be sufibutabIs to The
decreased value Of The preciou, rnetsl,. rro.
4ueed bJ diminution Of The supply, end On