Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1830-02-02

work Tor small wages; these poor people wish to 20 to
me west and get land, to have focks ami hsrds-to
nave their own fields, chards, gardens aud adow
own cribs, barns and daries, aud TO star; their
c"iidren on theatre, where they can contend viii
equai chances with other peoples children, Tor the
"ohors anu o'gn'tes OF the country This what tn
poor people wish TO do How to prevent it--how to
keep them 'traying oil in this manner--s The ques-
ton The late Secretary OF the Treasury could dis
cover no better mode, than in the idea Of bounty up
on non-emigraon. in the shape OF pro econ domes.
TIC manufactures. most complex scheme Of inius-
tice, which fOrCs thu South nue the Wet pau.
Perze the poor OF the North All this is bad cnong
but II is tribe, lame, weak, and impoent contr-
vance, compared TO the scheme which ia now on the
table. This resolution, which are now considering
Ia me true measure for supplying the poor people
which the manufactures need. 1t proposes to take
away tho nducement to emigration. II takes oil the
fresh lands out Of market II stops the surveys, abo
ihes the offices Of the Surveyors General confines the
iemen,s, limits the sales TO the refuse OF
BILE pckings; and thus annhilates the very object OF
attraction breaks an destroys the magnet which
drawing the people Of the Northeast 10 the blooming
regions Of the West.
Mr. b. ssid that he felt himself compelled by these
persevering measures 10 sop -migraon TO the West
20 recur TO the early history OF the confede ration.
shew the origin aud policy of these measures, ant 10
lusuce TO The patriots, by whom they were then de
ieated The first Of these measures, that lie would
hiring 10 the notice Of the Senate, was the amou
tempt abou, tie year 1876, to surrender the paviga.
ton OF the M,sss'pp to the King of Spain, Tor pc
ROO oil 20 or 30 Seven States voted r the
renuer six, beg inning nj Maryland and going South
voted against The articles OF confederation requr-
ed The consent OF nine States to make trraiy,-am,
therei9re the surrender not ACCOMPLISHED The
Spanish Negoa,or, Don Gdrd0qui, in his commune
cations TO his cOur said tina, the object Of this
der, was to prevent the growth Of the W4s, Bat il is
not necessary To have 10 foreign .,imony.
we have that of cur coun,rymen who were actors
IN the scene. The seal which covered all these do
ngs in the old Congress has since heen broknn their
Journals are pubshed; and besides the evidence OF
the Journals, have the testimony OF the Virginia
delegation Afterwards given in The Convention OF that
state, which ratified the Constitution OF the United
States. The Convention required them to report what
hey had witnessed on this ubject, and they did
der all the responsibilities OF great and serious an
casion.
MIR. b. then read from Mr.. Monroe's statements se.
verai passages, which showed that Spain viewed with
Jealousy, our settlements in the Western country and
wishsd them checked, and had made connunica io, to
the oil Congress, in secret session, to that ef,c iha,
the surrender oil The navigation of the Mississippi
Spain for 20 or 80 years, would have that .fec that
this surrender resisted by the Southern States b.
cause II would depress the growth OF the West and ad
vocated by The north that the pursuit of
this object was animated, aud met with warm oppo
tion from the southern menbsrs that he believed the
Mississippi safer under the articles Of confederation,
than under the constitutions; and that, as rnankiud
IN general and States in particular, governed by
interest, the northern States would iail OF avaing
'hemselves OF The opportunity given them hy the Con.
stitu'ion of renqni-hng that river in order to de.
press the Western country, and prevent the southern
Interest rsm prep !efating.
% Mr. B. also real, in support of Mr. Monroe state
net, as 10 the JeaiouSy oil SPAIN the following
passages rom tie secre, Journals Of Congress for the
year 1850, contained in communication from the
Spanish court.
II is the idea of the Cabinet Of Madrid, that the "
States extend TO the westward, farther than settle
ments were permitted by the ROYAL (Bri ) procIa,na
non OF Tue oth oil october, 1868. It ''Ihat
The lands lying the East side Of the Mississippi
whereon selii ments prohibited by the aforesaid
proclamation, are possessions Of The Gown oil Great
Drain, and proper objects against which the arms Of
spain may be employed, for the purpose of making
I'M nj al, # @
such conquest may probably he made duriug the pre-
sent war That, therefore, it would be advisable to re
strain the Southern States from making any settle.
men's or con9lesls in these terrores."- VOi page
$40 %
Having real these extracts, Mr.. b remarked, ,ha.
mere was The germ e. that policy, which, thirty wears
afterwards, ended in Remembering the valley of the
mississippi, ampna'ing two of its nobcs rivers, end
guaranteeing two hundred tousau square miles of IL
hnest territory to the Crown of Spain
Mr.. b also read the following PASSAGES nm Mr.
Graysou's statement:
Secrecy was required oh this SUI jec,. told Con-
gre.s' mat imposing secrecy on such great or,
Seven Stares were disposed 10 weld the navi.
CATION oil the Mississippi speak not of any par,icu
lar characters. have the charity suppose that all
mankind act on The lest motives. Suffice il for me 10
Tell PLAIN and direct facts and leave the concu.ion
with this honorable House. =
They Che Northern Saies) looked at the
true interests OF nations. Their language has been
LET as prevent any States from rising in mr.
,ceSfcra ,oorid, they toU ou-u0e us-,re tcW lose
our importance, and become nothing in the scoie
OF nations " IRE do moi preueHf II, cur conntyvv,en
U' Tem0re to those Places. instead " going 10 sea
ana toC UW rcceire particular tribute or duran
fdSeJr0m them Thu, sir, has 6eent the language
an" 'p,'" Of ."',F policy. and suppose ever VIII
Congress pa sed, respecting the settlement of the
western country, and establishing States there it
passed in alucky moment | was told that this site
(Masaehuseu) was extremely unea'y about il, and in
order TO retain her Inhabitants lands IN the ~ uyince Of
Maine were lowered 10 6 per acre"
MIR. here remarked, that since the introduction of
his graduation Bill in Congress, The price of land in
Maine had hem still further lowered That he n adj
seen advertisements Offering fresh lands the first time
they were offered. at minimum price of % cents per
acre. and also at 20 cers per acre, and had been told
that these minniuns had been as loyy as ten and 4,
cents acre. aud that so cents was above the average
OF the aHclion sales.
Mr. Il also read the following extracts from 4 It
ter contained in the 4 vol Of the secret journals Of
Congress, written from the Fail. Of the Ohio Dec 1b
l7S6, aud addressed to gentleman in New Eng
lauG, and which Showed the alarm which was er4oied
in the West At the news of what was going on in Con.
gress "Polics, which a few mon h.. ago we're scarce
ly thought Of are sounded aloud in this part Of
the world. The late treaty with Spain shu ting IN
as s said, the navigation Of the Mississippi Tor The
term Of 70 years, has given this western country
universal shock, and struck its inhabi ants viii
amazement Our foundation IL affected; it is therefore
necessary that every individual apply hmse n 10 end
remedy. To sell US and make us Vasals TO the nerc
less Spaniards, lea grievance not TO be borne The
parliamentary acts which occasioned eur revolt from
Hfeai Ri ain were not 80 barefdced and iaioerabe.
you, the Atlantic shores, receive from tbs acl,-
Though this country has been settling but six years
and that In the midst Of an inveerate enemy and
most OF the fret adventUrers fallen prey 10 The ca
wages; and although the emigration 10 this country il