Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1830-04-13
g0M@IRS SI0NMll.
SPEECH

luton. relating to the Public Lands, in rtpiv to
Mr. Usbster, IF Mass dtIirered in the Senate of
The United States. Feb. 4th 1880.
MIR PRESIDENT: In the share which propose TO
AXE in this debate shall enter into sectional
PARSONS shall not attempt TO dsract from the Just
claims Of any one OF the States, will | dsparage
my own by any attempt 10 euogize it State should
be alike unrluenced by eulogy deiraction: In my
opinion she cannot be justly the subject of either.
There exists arily among the States Of this u
non very great diversitiss. Ii would be strange il
there did not The habits customs. and pursuits
OF people will be different, they shall be found be
differently situated, in reference climate, soil, and
ence their condition: for hold that are more
Influenced by pride than reason philosophy, when
we assert that il is competent to any people shape
their condition according to their will. We all
more or less affected by the force OF circumstances,
and while we seem TO be under the dir ec,ion OF
will unler the influences of causes which though
they are impercep.ibe, unceasng in their opera
ton upon nc,inations
The fluids which sustain life in man, are no, less
OF atmospheric solar concocii,n, than those which
sustain lille In other animals, and in vegetables
Can any man say, upon any other hypothesis why the
tropical fruits 10 not in the New England States!
Why certain animal aud vegetable growh' ate pacuI-
ar TO certain climates, and found in other and why
the stature and compilation OF different in dif
lerent climates; and why there is corresponding diff
terence in histemper and appetencie'.
Now, would ii not be reasonable for men 10 taunt
each other with these differences which are obv ious-
ly the effect Of physical causes TO indulge in the
leers and auns, which have chardcerz al this debae
all the differences which found exi.t in the po
ltca, moral and religious sentiments OF people sit
uatcd in different climates; but would deny
the Heavens their legitimate influence upon people
differently situated in reference 10 that influences /
suppose that an inhny OF combine to diversity
The human condition. The pursuits OF people pos
sessing commercial facilities, will be very different
from those OF people, remote from the Ocean any
navigable stream. Their will take their hue
from their pursuts-nor will their sentiments escape
'incture from the sams caus-. The truth ia, that
fhair Hrst t,l,:. l., a.,
own happiness: To that object all their thoughts and
all heir exerons directed. For those VIII, nhab-
II fertile country. and temperate warm climate,
nature has more than half accomplished this great OBJ
ject The manners, habits, ami notions, 90 use a
phrase OF our Eastern brethren OF such people, will
be very different from those OF peop, who have to wn
by Strenuous uninermitted industry agrc subsis.
tence from sterile soil, in rigorous climate We all
know that the soil OF Southern, il prolific than
that OF Northern climate: That in the first the peo-
pie are almost literally fed by the bounty of Nature;
while in the latter, subsistence has 10 he conquered
from her parsimony, by the uuceasing toll The
climate OF the North imposes upon those who inhabit
II, M duty OF obtaining, by much labor competent
suhsisence-it iDvigorates by its rger' the power of
the muscular exeron, which il requires Thu, of the
South inic anguor and with IT, an aversion from tina,
labor which iis prolific influences has rendered almost
unnecessary. Frugaly and economy TIL cons--
Gnence Of their necessary industry. characterize the
Northern people: Those OF the South are az almost
prouse as their soil prolific. In northern climate
the labor OF all is necessary 10 their sustenance and
comforts 10 the Southern the Labor OF fe,o will aus
tain all comforab'yand hence the labor Of the South
has fallen TO the lot OF slaves Yes sir. that slavery
which the gentleman from from Boston Mr. Webderl
has in spirit OF implied rebake, ascrbed TO Kentucky
in the conrased view which he took Of that State and
the State OF Ohio. has. il il be evil been thrown up
on Kentucky by the de=tinies. That Kentucky has
been somewhat retarded in its advances bv the per-
plexy OF ts land titles, aud its federation of slavery
IN his estimation the misfortune Of that Stat, and the
exemption OF Ohio from those owls has accelerated
her march to the high destiny which awaits her.
That che may be prosperous great and happy. is am
sure, the wish Of the people of Kentucky. TIL do
rot rpplne at their own condition. ervy t't Of Ohio
Inc two States are neighbors and have much inter-
conr'e. social and commercial. Nothing that can be-
said in relation TO eiihar Of the States by that any
other gentleman on this floor. in tn. least affect
the subsisng relations between them o. the Internal
police of either The Senators from Ohio NAV have
been gra6ed with the enogy which lie bestowed upon
their Siae. Those Of Kentucky no, in the least
chagrined by his annadversons the condition
of their State They make complaint that they
were not assisted by the East in their with The
savages. Theyfee jnst pride in having trupphed
their savage enemies, without much assistance
from that or any other quarter; notwithstanding the i'm
puted weakness OF slaverv, they strong enough
for their foes Ken'uckians comsain-it is the
language o' wcakn"''-a language in which they
never INDUCED. The KentuckY Senators perceived
that the object Of the Senator from Massachusetts, in
conpimenting Ohio profu.eiy really 10 compli
'nen' his own State Tor in the sequel he ascrhed all
the hns attributes OF character possessed by Ohio and
all their bissfu effects to the wisdom Of New England
sia'csmen
II IL true, Mr.. President, that the people of Ken'uc-
XIV have been good deal harass,d, BY unhappy per-
rleXitv in the titles 10 land in that Safe The tit'es
were derived mainly from Virginia and the p~rpexity
in them, 10 which alusion hasbeen made. could at
That lime and under the circumstances which then ex
issd have been avoided BY anv wisdom foresight
whatever. No blame attaches n Virginia Ken'urky
on that account few years more and lha psrpexity
will yield to The sacred fo-ce of pre.crpion the con ii
lion TO which all titles to land must ultimately be re-
duced.
Yes. Sir. rerpIexi'y of L,uG Tides and Slavery
have both existed in Kentucky; they both sill exist
The former will, with the permission Of the Stiprcmr
Curt, cease 10 exist. But, will tho,n evils be
At all miiigated by their introduction mo this de-
ba'e? win the grstutous mention, made Of them by
the honorable Senator, even alevi,te them Slave
~ must continue 10 exist in that State, whether for
good or for evil, Tor years 20 come, noiwth'snd
ing his kind 'oliciuds on the subject. Aad hive
only TO tell him. that IL IL subject, in which. fer
that State Ia concerned belongs exclusively tober
self, a. sovereign ate. But, az the gentleman his
mentioned that subject land II il one, about which
no gentleman. from non-slaveho'dng State, car
ever speak with any good effect, for any good FUR
pose,) must he permitted 10 talk little abou, it,
Sir, while do not approve Of slavery in the abstract
I cannot admire the morbid sensiby which seems TO
animate some gentleman upon that subject
IL would appear, from the agony which the very
mention Of slavery 10 ;nllict upon the feelings
of the two Senators who have dscoursed about IT,
been noticed discussed before; that those
who had noticed and discussed IL, were remarkable
for the calosy Of their feelings, the obuseness Of
their intellect. They not TO be aware, that
slavery has been not only tolerated, but advocated By
the wisest and ablss' iurss that lived; and hat
too upon first principles upon the principles Of natu
raj justice.
The jurists deduce s justification from ,0dr-as
right which the capior has the captive, whom
he might have slain From cTimethat a life fer.