Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1830-04-23

laiss and collects the toll by tho agency of its own
officers, All this is natural aud appropriate: il the
and natural operation Of the sovereign power Of the
State, within its own limits, and with its own me
But, Is the ope a'ion Of the American system of this
character! L. natural just, expedient, legitimate,
IN this view ofie Whit, let ask you are the States
Tor, II they incompetent 10 make their own roa.?
You reply, to protect their citizens and their proper
~ But viii they not, in this instance, surrender
them over to he taxed by the General Governme n T.
ara VAL thew not subject their citizens the iurisc
ton oil the Federal Courts, in all disputes which NAV
arse relative to the ceecon Of the tolls, aud rea-
tive TO the lands which the roads pass. The
to be maie the gates ereced and tolls fixed under
law oil Congress, and then those laws TO be SUI
prcme, and cognzable by the Federal Judiciary aon,i
SIR, We nave heard the power Of the Supreme Court
d-coursed oiby the honorable Senator from Massachu
sets, IN relation to its control State sovereigny
aud ought the States TO swell the power OF this tr buna
by voluntary surrender of their jurisdiction over their
SOIL their citizens, and the road inaking power? Does
any man, even the most devoted the American sy..
ten, believe that the people OF the States would agree
direct tax for the purpose Of making roads in the
States! And would the people Of any one State agree
another State.
Mr. President,the true American system is the seve-
regnty OF the States the FIRE EDEN Of their citizens and
'h- constitutional strength Of the Union. We hear
no'hng 0,o scarcely about any thing but the benefit
cent operation OF the American system and the bene-
cerce oil the General government. We should take
care that may not il did with the prophet
who swallowed the boot-"sweet to the palate, but
otter to the stomach" Would the people OF Tennes-
see agree to be compelled by the General Government
kentucky, q
the latter to labor on the roads of the former? think
they wonld not. Well, is the money of the people
Of each State their labor! Is not the earnings their
labor, and where il the odds in reason between maxi
ing the people of Tennessee labor upon the roads, in
kentucky, and taking the money which they have
earned by their labor, and expondng il upon making
road, in the latter State!
But if the power of levying money i'm one State and
expendng in making roads in another be conceded
10 Congress what is TO prevent that bcdy from egula
ting and equalizing the labor of the People of the
States! An under that power equAlizo the crop. of
the different Staes L. that the result OF the
Principie' For the most productive States Psy the
ino't money into the Treasury. They make their mo
ney from their crops and il il 10 to be expended in the
least productive States. not that equazng the cIops
but upon TN, principle might not happen, that
d the small States would not have any Of the money OF
other States, expended within their limits, and ven
their own expended within the limits of another St,te
Might not the large, and many OF the small States
. would form majority in both Houses OF Congress,
combine 10 expeud the surplus revenue in making of
roads and oil encouraging manufactures, within the
limits oil their own States respectively, to the entire
excluoH OF the minority, Eleven States i'm that case
might DC sacrificed to the encouragement Of msnufac.
lures, aud the making OF roads in the other thirteen
and that too forever according the doctrine OF the
hon. Senator from M as achussett., MIR. Webster I
aud the benehcent operation of the American sys-
tenn None OF the excluded States could according to
his doctrine nterpose its III they did hey would
incur the guilt OF rebellion Sir, Tor the
sy'tem OF the Union according 10 the constitutional
compact oil the States, In the Constitution of the u
Mr. President, every institution of man purer at H..
than at any after period of its history
There is in all human institutions fatal procvity TO de-
generacy-even the institutions of holy re gion de-
generate Hence the people OF every Government have
Their choice between reform and revolution They must
do the one, experience the other submit yassaage
But even reform is derided now No doctrines are well
received that do not tend to centre all power in the
General Government and conduce 20 the humiliation
OF he sovereignty OF the states and the ere con upon
Their RUNS OF a magnificent empire.
am, with my whole heart and in all it, feelings, i'm IA
vor oil the UnoR but tits the union OF The States and not
an indiscrminate union of the people. would not by
construction or otherwise, reduce the a'es % mere
petty corporations, and make them subservient TO a
Jud'ciai oEarchyo great central power of any kind
would have The Union TO consist OF the free, sove-
reign, and Independent States, of which il intended
by The Constitution TO be composed. would have the
citizens of each TO look 10 their cate for the security
and enjoyment OF their rights and their liberty The
Union which | advocate is also represented by the
stripes and the stars. Each stripe a State and
each star its sovereignty. l would not miDgIe the
stripes or blot out star Tor any earthly
and would have each star to brighten with its benign
aud Inclouded light the whele sphere Of State sove
-regnty; would have them all shine with continent,
lustre throughout the legitimate sphere of the Union
he stripes should thus wave, and the thus shine
u my wishes were consulted until Time himself
should he enieebled with age. But am done and |
lear the Senate glad of it.