The Arkansas advocate., 1830-11-03

pahafinocK may el1oy fle satisfaction of having given the earliest impulse, and made the first contribution to that bcncv- olent design siitth iitth great great respect i and i regard, yours, N. RIDDLE, HuaH MERGER, Esq. Fredericksburgh Va. From tte Fayeae, (.Mo.) H'estera .uonitor. ," LIBERry--TnE CoNsTlruaIoN--uNIoN. y
 Let the politicians who abllse inc Pre- sident for the ,provident interposition Of his constitutional prerogative, in arrest ing the Maysville Road Bill, read the following article, and them. app{y tie nsaich, or take away the apparatus.
 For the Western .uonator.
 The enemies oi the administration are endeavoring to represent the uefo ot the Presiden. as an act of tyranny and usurpaton. Let me offer a few thoughts. on that subject.
 By the expressletter of the Constitu- ten, nothing eaIl become d law but by the concurrent votes of the two Houses ot Congress, and the appreciation of the President. The.members of both Hous- es give their votes by the same authori- ty which requires the President to give or withhold his appreciation, and there IS the same obligation on all to speak truly and conscientiously their senti- ments on the questions submitted to them.
 By what.criterion shall either be go- verned but by the lights of his own mind, and the dictates of his own conscienceq
 The President, it is said, is but one, and Congress nearly three hundred.
 What then? The President, is the immediate representative of tine arhole People. So is the Senate-So is the House of Representatives. Why this triple representations svhsjaott not only .oi.s. body?
 If there was no reasonfor this, let two branches of the Legislature be abolisb- ed.
 If there was reason, let us seek it, and let Us see whether the reason, as we'll as the nature of the thing, does not require each party to act independently and .eonscientiously as'well as separate sly.
 h OFT Federal Government of of sovc- reign and independent States, possess ing equal rights, but unequal numbers, itwas deemed necessary to guard the rights Of the States and the rights of numbers against each.other.
 Hi lie permanent interests of numbers are best secured by securing the rights of the States. But the occasional and temporary interests of numbers might be sometimes advanced by dangerous violations of State rights.
 Hence, while numbers are alone re- garded in the representation in oue House, the States, without regard to numbers, arc equally represented t. tii.e other. Thus it becomes the duty of the Senate to reject bill from the lower House, in which an attempt is made to sacrifice the rights f'the States to the occasional interests of numbers. For the same reason, 1t is the duty of the lower House oreject bill from the Sc nate in which all attempt is made to sa- crilice the interest of numbers 10 the rights of the States.
 The duty, the rights, and powers, oi both bodies, are equal and reciprocal, and both are bound to act conscientious ly, and in utter disregard to the acts of the other.
 If an act originating in the House of Representative ought not to pass that body, it ought to bcrejected ifsent down from the Senate.
 Thisis admitted on all hands.
 And why so, when the Senate con sists but fort weight nicmbers,an tine other House of f more than two hundred
 Because both bodies represent the whole.
 Now why is he invested with an C. qua! share of Legislative Iowerwith the other larger bodies?
 Is there no reason? Then take away the power.
 Is there a reason2 Then let him exer- else it, in fact as wei as in form.
 Before we seek the reason, let us ask why is he required, u,lder he sanction of d,s oatd, to say whether he approves any tbiiiiii sent to hinl. Silaii he say, shali he sarear, taat hedoes, ,whenhe does not Shall a juryman say ..gullly,v when his colr science says aotguilty2" Shall he per. jure himself because eleven men think