Constitutional Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1824-1832, 1830-02-09

l. That it is a collection Of functonarcs, created
for definite purposes, and entrusted with limited
powers
g. That the creators from whom il derived ito
existence, and at whose will it holds that existence
are sovereign and independent communities. or
statcs Or, to speak with more precision, are, an
two-thirds of those states. sss .s.e,...
That, To it's humiliation in rerard to nil tho
states any two thirds of those states are
ana mat To lis annihilation in regard to anv one
siae--eXcept by resort to the principle upon which
any county in any state could from that
some two thirds of those states are iudtsoens obye
a. That Tor all the purposes for which common
functonar'es are created by tho constitution and
for no other purpose; these several SOVEREIGN and
independent communities are blended into one sove-
reign and Independent community or people
D. That the action of the uncouaries thus Greater
upon tho Individual nsen composing the states, is a
feature quality of the nsture of thcse
which does not in the slightest decree alter or .ot
the maj ure of the from cheh those (lrct;onc
rtes originally de,ice, and s,iu dcrive tier autho
rita.
That therefore. although in relation to the action
otthe federal fumes ionaries the ssPeope of the H.
are whole, the constituent elements of which are
Individual men; yet in relation tie tho authority 5D
t1t,Gh fae3 act, the constituent elements ne tint
whole. are independent states.
a coro!t:ry from this, is, that although in the true
spirit or the constitution, the PEOPLE of the u 6
are acted upon by the Federal Government as Il
Whole composed of individual men; vet as such q
whole, the People of the u 81 cannot SO act mon
II Although. for instance, it held by eyery man
IN the U . without one exception, that il every
community an absolute right tho cover nruent
resides IN be numerical aiority of male adults vet
could not any majority of the People of the o. s."
rs one People, act in relation to the pov ers
nature, continuance or snnihiation Of the Federal
governmeat Such authority belongs exclusively to
the people divided faio independent States Tn the
capacity or citi2eDs Of the u. S.. no individual or
number OF individuals has any authority ovsr the
irderal Constitution The States, as independent
political bodies, constitute so many pieces Of a me
dina through which, from the nature OF tho cons,i
tuition any deeree of power be it ever so great must
pass to acquire any degree of authority over that
constitution.
Phut the delegation to a common fi1nctinnarv
oil certain powers Casually termed ttrbutes of sove-
reigny) which, in s.ilaed States ere exercised by
the several fuuctIonaries of cash Is c;reu,pss nee
snso'aR solely the actual condition and not all
Ia" essential natuTe cfthe States unit ed anher this
Unoa. Viist II is srsspersion Of the Sc vera sSy-
else OF these powers an extinction of their eeys
raj eS1stence there being causes other than resort
to the revolutionary principle whereby that sus,er
Sion nay b. determined.
Eha q exercising the trusts comrni;te ed TO them
the tsc' ionaries under this CONSTITUTIONS Legislative
as wei as executive end Judicial, should consider
themselves as hduciaries of one whole: whole COM
posed of individual snnn, and occupying one undivi
ded country AS fduciarins appointed by parts but
Tor the one who" 6duoiares theoretically respons-
pie TO tna one whole: and who practically So
only because of insururountabIe phvsienl f,,,,ed; ;
rlents
corolary from this is that the Instructions from State Lee
S7idures 10 members Oh federal
susned nom the requests Addressed members the Other
legislative Observation-Disclosures funded the mere circu,n
snee Oh NOSE being the agents IN the election Of
ton Al usrpatc, which ong practice have sane
raraelsd only rssoons from .ha colleges, ar
the House OF Representatives, TO hs resden, of e e. in
relation To the exercise OF mis- ether trusts
That the fundamental principle constitutional govern
ment Thsres7vsr and by waomsoaver created whether by
individual STATES individual nan-necessaly gives
rise 70 constitutional q'eons well he,ween the deren,
eanenes oil ine government as between the government
branches of the and ihs States for e
purpose Of acting upon Nhom il created.
Tina 1t is Indispensable to the opstaton of cor su,ior.
government that judge constitutional questions shonId
exist That such Judge be expressly created sn aso
ue hscessy OF exercising the oce by the unaite rae
nSs oi innss over which man has control
over the nations Of the earth forced upon the hneonsren
such Judge be expressly created hs cannot be assign
ca 20 the several Of the or
9aeo be eSercised by each in his bscause
disposition would be utterly Inconsistent with the operation az
The government In relation to each individual State
That operate would be restricted within such varying bounds
as ms or IFS interest might at dercn, points ef time
cision of Constitutional questions arising between SOVEREIGN
States parties to thal constitution and The
e that constitution does belong in each or
any case 20 The ndiv al State between whom and the fed
eFa all tunchonaries the question has arisen
That tue Ultimate under IKE constitution ae,;r
the cause OF any constitutional question bet een State and
cannon funoonary OF all the sise' the n,erposGon of
'ne constitutional number OF States either for the pEpose of
renving that causes or for the purpose Of concerning 10 s
secession Of the na'coB'ea State from the Union
ha' the ultimate beyond the constitution an
appeal to the ultima
y Fhat on dapassionate contemplation of the ppe.
sent condition of man under this Union, and compar
son or the condition with what would be his condition
II the Union did exist; and dispassionae cons;d
Grafton OF the composition of the Federal Government
no cause ola constitutional question: which would not
De removed in the constitutional mode can appear civ
TO occur of sufficient magnitude to Justify an appesi
10 the ultima ratio by State duly regardfu Of even
its own happiness.
the reader will now be enabled to attach some de.
To my rernrfinr
OF Mr. Websters doctrines SO far as hjs sneecb CO..
veyed 10 my mind knowledge Of these doctrines
est tne motive which has irnpeIled to this commit
,caon-a ACCOMPLISHMENTS hsssw eed four times
The SIZE anticipated by Be-be misconceived. vi
warn against delnsion which Identifies with the pre-
sent administration, the thfs regarding which it is my
OBJECT 10 convey to my connry5nen a just idea. To
that administration am a decided friend Thers -
poalng within my poor abilities, which would be O.
med TO promote It's glory by secondne the pure and
patriotic purposes which firmly believe it to entep