Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1830-04-30


that the last paragraph quoted, you will only omit the
word "order, assigns internal in 80 ma
ny words, to tho State auhoritybut of that.
quoted this extract Ia substance to show that one OF
the supposed advantages Of the ate. was that their
powers were numerous and indefinite, whilst those Of
the United States were few and defined
Now sir, 10 prove the esregious error here, n ell
only state this singular iaci, that, whilst the laws OF
Virgins, being emanaons Of power, numerous and in
dehnre, are contained in two octave volumes, tiv .
OF the United States, having po xers but few and de.
hned, have swollen TO FIVE large ones, exclusive OF
two containing general index, treaties, SC. The
same writer has fallen into another error he tell.
u.s. that the operations Of the Federal Covernne nt
wiil be most extensive and important times OF wsr
anu danger; as far as its legislative operations go,
'hey are mere extensive in peace. The writer then
mistakes, when he supposes that the advantage i'm
tins respect, Is ON the side Of the States
All these supposed advan sges, then. on which the
aes were TO rely for their defence are not on
nc" h1e, out dgd'ns them. Now, sir IL to this
you add that upon the system Of internal improve
ment twelve millions annually are to be disposed Of
ny hs government, at its will, is there any man
,angu .. enough to indulge even the hope, much
ess tue expectation, hatthe political equilibrium be
tween our different governments will be preserve ed.
Is there any man so blinl as not 10 see, that the
sea'e OF the States will be made 10 kick the beam
oy u" comparative want Of weight, Sir, let u.s. a, a
suJect OF curious speculation trace tho pr one
ration oil this annual sum of twelve millions, to be
distributed in fdUOr3 amongst the States.
In private life, sir, il is a proposition which no m an
VINO knows human nature, would even doubt In a,
he person having In his power to confer an mpor-
tant beneht, will control, nay command the will and
me ac,on oil one who is DESTROYS Of receiving il.
where is the difference, in this respect between in
dviduas and States. Are States any thing more than
arge masses OF Individuals bringing together all their
passions anu mhrmities Sir, the only diff. renee is
mat the command Of will and action, where Safes are
'he suhJecsto be acted is much more extensive
anu injurious In its eects than where individuals. are
'he subjects as the whole population OF the ates
ceeds an indvi uaI in NUMBER the evil is
| increased, bn the principle is the same.
VIII suppose then, sir, that the period has arrive
hna ill.,, La.
Of dollars Various States present their humbl, n.,i
toh' hut, according 20 the principle for th,
Government has the unqualified power to make that
disposition as II pease give to some mare In o,b,r.
loss; TO some or to the tchole amount and to tho
others none at all. Think you, sir, that the States
"mch are most hrm and erect in the spirit OF indie pen
aence VIII be most likely to succeed! Or will il not
oe rather those which assume the sarb OF The gre
humility; those which most z.alou. in their allevi
| ance those, in fine, which most decided i'm their
adhesion to the powers that be! Let me nut
case Suppose that there is some ent ami Ia
vore project to be carried and the votes of particu
lar Sste are necessary 10 accomplish the object and
that State shall have been little :mplacaJlc Think
YOU SIR, mat the time may when Philips
gold VIII he applied, and applied successfully too bv
,he douceur OF road or canal? Let our knowledge OF
humsn nature, lei the experience of other nation. an
swer the question Sir that man had read deepiy in
the volume OF human nature--if mistake not il wa.
the man OF peNa-who said. that ass laden with
gou' wouIa hnt his way through the gates of the
strongest city. Look al the history of England and
EARN thence lesson OF practical wisdom az to the in
nuence OF patronage. The Suarts struggled hard 10
govsrn England by prerogatve; but the sturdy shirt nj
'la' nation would not bow down before lis power No
" inteah oil this, the result Of the great conflict he
tween prerogave and privilege was, that one of that
family lost his head and another hi. crown. But what
the power CT prerogatve could do has been effect
ed by me still small voice of influence of inf sence de-
rived rom patronage. These historical facts are an
exemPhcaion in actual life OF the instructive moral
10 be derived from the fable OF the traveller the wind
and the sun. The wind endeavored with all its blus
terlng orce' TO cause the traveller to throw of his
CLOAK 10y increasing efforts he able retain it, but
when the sun darted his rays, commencing with genial
warmth. and cjniinuing 10 pour upon him gradually
increasing heat he was finally compelled 10 yield to tn.
gcner force oil The sun what he did yield 10 the grea
Ter violence OF the wind. Compare the condition of that
country at the Revolution, in $685. when the Whole
national debt was scarcely million and quarter of
pounds sterling, with i condition. at and since the
close oil the last great European war, with debt then
OF more Than eleven hundred millions, and even now
Of eight hundred and forty millions Look at the Lofty
Independence oil the Parliament of the Revolution and
the relation in which they now stand to the crown.
That relation orbear odescribe, because il is matter
OF universal notoriety and is to be found in the Animal
ell speeches OF their own orators. And, tell me- what
has produced the humiating change! What ha. caus.
ed Parliament whose uBconquerahl, shirt onc.
A" ope'dt1ed majesty ITSELF" now to be so fame So
plant so frdetabfe, that reform Of Parame mt has
been, ard still continues to be- called for by the ma
ton, in voice which deafens the eas of Parliament
ITSELF and makes the Administrative tremble tbrouyh
all the classes of venayi" The cause is TO be fou nd
in influence; in those streams of patronage which E
sue from the prolific of Office and the dis
bursement OF countless millions, and which so CO.
Piousiy overflow that kingdom. Sir her own illus
trious Chatham said, that, entrench Themselves as
they pleased behind parchment the sword would find
its way to the yais OF the Constitution I saw tbat
patronage has found its way to the vals of her Con-
stituiion.
We, too. are men, and cannot claim 10 be exempt
from the nhrmi,ies Of humanity. The came Causes
II permitted to operate will produce the same effect,
here as there Let il be our part (Ihe best service
which we can render to country TO avert from
her borders, such calamity.
MIR. Chairman, our Government 10 an experiment
now In the progress Of trial, sove this great poIt-
cal problem, whether il is possible to unite the ber-
~ and happiness OF republic with the strength and
energy OF monarchy! Should IL fail, the hopes of
mankind will he lost, and lost forever. Should the
states Of this Unisn ever be brought to lose their lof
~ spirit OF independence, and bow down. in deferen.
tai homage, before the Federal Government, as sun
pl'cants for favor, our political fabric must fall be-
cause the pillars which supported il, will have de.
clined from their perpendicular, and given way We
shall then learn from fatal experience that the lever
OF single Government, whose fucrum s here and
whose length is sufficient 10 extend over this wide
spread republic, will bear with pressure so heavy
~ to crush ourberty beneath it, That liberty Is aboy
all price; and like the golden apples Of the Hesperi-
des, will be taken from us, whensoeyer the States
which are placed as the dragons TO guard it, shall bs
lnlied asleep by the opates which shall be poured OIL,
from the Federal Treasury. To preserve is shirt
requires as seepless vigilance did tho sacred fire of
Nests, which was committed 10 the charge of the |
Vestal virgins; the extDguishment Of that only nor
tended great cslamitie-; the exaguishmeni of this.
would itself be the greatest Of all caames That W.
are told might be rrkndlsd from the raw. OF the sun:
hA ia 10 4. & IA -