Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1830-03-05

Wes'; ne has deman'ed TO be informed whether all this
DID not begin in 1925 and tthie the election Of Prcs
dent cds still pending? Sir. to these questions retort
%ouId be lustied and is both cogent, and at hand
nevertheless will answer the inquiry not by re'ort,
out oy iarts will tell the gentleman hen and hoW,
and Uhy, New England has supported measures favora
Die to the West. have already referred TO the early
history oil the Govetnment-to the first acquisition of
the Isnds--to the original laws Tor dsposipg OF them
and for governing the territories where they lc and
have .hewn the influence Of New England men and
New England principles In all ihese leading
should not be pardoned 10 go that ground
again. Coming TO times, and TO assures
OF less general cha acter have to prove
mat every thing OF this kind. designed for Western i'm
proyement has depended on the votes of New Eng
andi all this is true beyond the power Of contradic
ton.
And now, sir, their are two measures to which wilt
REFER not ancient to belong TO the eay history Of
Tie public lands, and net be this side
oil the period when the gentleman Chart ably
new direction may have been given to New Englsnd
feeling, and New England votes. These measures,
and the New England votes in support Of them, may
be taken as samples and specimens OF all the In
1870 observe, Mr. Presd' jim 1920 the People Of the
west besoueht Congress for reduction in the price of
lands In favor OF that reduction, New England with
ueiegauoTo oil forty menb.rs 10 the other Heuse gave
thr'y-three votes, and only against IL. The four
southern States, with fifty members, gave thirty-two
voes Tor ~, and seven against it, Again. in 1921 Ooh
serve again, sir, the time the law passed for the
Iief oil the purchasers of the public lands. This was
measure u vital importance the West and more es-
pecally TO the South West II authorized the relin-
quishmen OF contracts for tinds, which had been
tered into at high prices, aud reduction other cases,
oil not less than 81 per cent OH the purchase mo-
ney Many millions OF dollars, six seven, believe
at least, probably much more reinquished by this
law. On this bill. New England with her forty mem
oers gave more affirmative votes than tn four South
ern States, with their hfy-two three members.
These two are far the most important measures, re-
speeding the public lands, which have been adopted
within The last twenty years They took place in 1920
ami ISL Tina, is the time tchen. And TO the
ner hoto, the gentleman ALREADY that il was by
voting, in solid column, for the repaired relief; and
lastly the tchy. tell the gentleman il was
I'm Irof Ems tanbtb uybf fha
measures just and saluiary; because they entertained
towards the West neither envy, hatred, mace be-
cause they deemed il becoming them, az Just and en-
'gh'ened public men, to meet the exisency which had
sen in the West, with the appropriate measure of
relei because they Eel, due 10 their characters
ana The characters OF their New Eng land
in this Government, act towards the new States in
the spirit OF liberal, patrenizng, magnannous policy.
so much, sir, for the cause ,rhT and hope that by
this time, sir, the Honorable Gentleman satisfied f
not do not know ishen, hoto, tcy, he ever will
be.
Having REQUIRED TO thes. two important measures,
IN answer 10 the gentleman's inquiries. now
beg permission to go back to period still something
earlier, Tor the purpose still further OF showing how
much, rather, how little reason there is for the gem
party associations the grounds of these New Eng
land votes And after what has been said. hope it
may be forgiven me, il aude to political opin-
ions and votes of my OF very little public mpor-
lance, certainly but which. IRON the time at which
they were given and expressed, pass for good wit
This Government, Mr.. President, from its origin 10
the Of 1915, had been much engrossed with
various other important concerns to be able TO turn its
thoughts inward and look to the developement of its
vast internal resources. In the early part President
"ashingtons administration, il was fully occupied will,
organizing the Government, providing for the public
debt defending The frontiers, and maintaining domestic
peace Before the termination of that Administrations
the fires OF the French Revolution bazed FORTH as from
a new opened Volcano and the whole breadth of the
ocean did not entirely from its effects The
smoke and the cinders reached though not the burn
ing lava Difficult and agitang questions, embarrassing
ant ant1 t,sfti
oil the new state OF foreign relations, and sue
ceeded by Others and yet again by Others equally en-
barrassng, and equally exciting division and discord
through the long series of twenty years. till they finally
issued in the war with England Down the close of
that war; distinct, Marked and deliberate attention
had been gveno could have been given, the internal
condition of the country its capacities OF Improvement
or the constitutional power of the Government ard
TO objects, connected with such improvement.
The peace, Mr.. President, brought about an entirely
new and most interesting state of things; il opened to-
otter prospects, and suggested other duties we our
selves changed, and the whole world was changed
The pacihcation OF Europe, after June 1875 assumed
hrm and permanent aspect. The nations evidently
manifested that they disposed for peacc agi-
taion OF the waves, might be expected, even alter the
storm had subsidized but the tendency strongly
rapidly, towards settled reposc
1t so happened sir, that was at that time member
oil Congress and, like Others naturally turned my at
ention TO the contemplation OF the newly altered cond-
ton of the country and of the world 1t appeared plain
y enough TO me, well as to wiser and more expert
enced men, that the policy of the Government would
necessarily take a start, in direction; because
new directions would necessarily be given 10 the pur-
suits and occupations of the people. We had pushed
commerce. far and FAST under the advantage OF a ner-
trail flag. But there longer flags, either
neutral or beigerent. The harvest of neuiraiir had
been great but had gathered il all. With the peace
OF Europe IL obvious there would spring up in her
circle OF nations revived and nvigorsed spirit of trade
and activity in all the business and objects of c-
vilized lite. Hereafter, commerce al gains were 10
be earned only by in a close aud intense COM
petition Other nations would prodce for themselves and
carry for themselves and manufacture for themselves to
the iu extent of their abilities The crops of our plains
would longer sustain European Armies nor our shps
longer supply those, whom war had rendered unable
10 supply themselves It was obvious, that, under
these circumstances, the country would begin TO survey
itse and to estimate lis capacity of Improvement
And this improvement how was il to be accomplished,
and who was to accomplish III We were ten or twelve
millions of people, spread almost half world. We
were twenty States, stretching along the same
along the line of inland frontier
and others opposite banks of the vast rivers
Two considerations at once presented themselves, in
looking at this Of things with great force One was
that that great branch Of Improvement which consisted
In furnishing facilities Of intercourse ran
into different States in every leading instance and would
benefit the citizens of all such States No one State
therefore, in such cases, would assume the whole ex
pensc the cooperation OF several States 10 be
expected. Take the instance Of the Delaware Break
water. IL will cost several millions Of money Would
Pennsylvania alone have constructed IN Certainly
never, while this Union lasts because snot for her sole
benefit Would Pennsylvania, New Jersey Delaware
have united to accomplish il, at their joint expcDsei
certainly not for The same reason. II could not he
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