Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1830-09-09

IL Is admitted that the South Carolina doc.
irine Is liable 10 abuse but II Is contended, thai
the patriotism Of each state is an ade quats So.
ouriiy, aud Thai the multiplying power would
only he cAeTied " IN an extraordinary case.
where the powers reserved to the States under
the Cons tuition, are usufped by the Federal
Government And ~ mol the pairtoiism of ell
the States, ms great safeguard agains, the as
sumption of power, not conferred upon the
General Government, as the patriotism OF one
Slate IS against the denial Of powers which are
clearly granted But The nulifying pnwer IS
only To be exercised IN m extraordinary case.
Who IL To Judge Of this extraordinary case
What security - there, especially IN moments
OF great excitement. that a State may not
pronounce the pialnesi aud most common OK.
erclse of Federal power, an eriya0rdinary
casa I The expressions IN the Constitution.
| general welfare, have been often Justly Grill.
c'sed. and shown To convey, 10 themselves, no
power, although they mny Indicate how The de-
legatod power should be- exercised. But this
doctrine Of an extraordinary case, to bt Judged
of and applied by one ofihe iweniy.fopr sovsr.
eighties, is rcplate with infinitely marc danger
ihha the doctrine OF the general welfare In
the hands Of al.
We may form some idea Of future abuses
under the South Carolina doctrine by the appIi-
| cation which ~ now proposed 10 be made OF H.
The American System IA said 10 furnish an en-.
frnordlnary od1, justilyinR that State 10 uuify
H. The power 10 regulate foreign commerce,
by iariil, so adjusted IA 10 fosie, onr domess
nc manufactures, has been exercised from the
| commencement OF our present Constitution
down 10 the last sessioa Of Congress have
been member of the House Of Representa-
iivss at three different periods when tho subject
81 the Tariff was debaiss nj great length, aud
IN nsllher, according 10 my recollection. was
| the want of n constitutional power in Congress.
to enact II, dweli on, ~ forming serious anh
substantial Objection To ils passage. On the
last occasion Il think il was) in which parli-
| cipaied ~ the debate. III wns incidentally said
| To ba against tho sptit oil the Constitution
Whilst the authority OF the father of The consii-
futon is Invoked 10 sanction by a perversion of
his meaning, principles oi disnnlon and rebel
lion. II is rejected 10 sustain the coolroverted
power. although his testimony IN support Of
II has been clearly and explicitly rendered.
! This power thus asserted, exercised and main
| tanned. IN favour Of which, LEADING politicians
| Ia south Carolina, hive themselves voted, 10
| alleged ~ furnish " nm eriraofdinnry ehse,
where tho powers tesefved 10 the States, under
the tousintion, ure usuped by the Gena-
raj Government" II il he, the,e Is scarce.
" statute IN our code which would moi pre-
sent case equally extraordinary. JUSTIFY
ing south Carolina or any Other Siate to null
| ~ II.
| The II. States ara not only threatened With
the notification OF numerous acts, which they
have deliberately passed. bat with Withdraw
al oil one Of tho members from The Confeder-
! acy. II the unhappy case should ever occur Of
! . Sats beng really dss,rous 10 separate itself
| from the Union. II would present two qnes
'ions. The first would be whether il had D.
right To withdraw, without the Common consent
of the members, and snpposiDg, as believe,
| no sutf, right TO erist whether II would be ex.
Ped'eai 10 yield consent Although there may
be power To prevent a secession. ii might be
deemed polite 10 nllow IT, II mlght be con.
sidere1 eXped,eui 10 permit the refractory state
10 take the portion Of goods that lacih 10 her,
to suffer her TO gather her all together. ana
TO 60 off with her living. Bn,, ia state shouo
he willing, aud allowed thus to depart aud 10
renonnce her iulute porlion OF the Inher-
'ance Of tins great glorious aud prosperous
Republic, Jie would speedily return, aud, ia
language Of repentance say 10 the other
members VI this Union, Brethren " have sin.
ned against Heaven and before thee" Wheth-
er they would kill the fatted calf, and, Gliding
any complaining member Of the family, say
" this Thy sister was dead and Is alive again [,
and was LOST, and is found" sincerely pray
the Historian may never have occasion TO re-
cord.
But notification aud disunion are not tho
only, nor the most formidable means OF 4ss,l.
! ing the Tariff. iis opponents opened the cam.
palgn nj the last session OF Congress. and with
the most obltgiug frankuess, nave since pub
iicly exposed their plan OF operations. II iS
e. divide and conquer Ia attack aud subdur
the system IN detail. They begao by reducing
the duty on salt aud mo.asses, aud restoring ,ns-
drawback Of The duty on The latter article, nj
| lowed the expectation al srIfis distilled from
a. To all who interested ia HE disiiatiou
of spirits from native materials, whether fruit
molasses or grain, this latter measure is part
cnlarly injurious. During The COMMUNICATION
Of Mr.. Adams. the duty on foreign molasses
was augmented and the drawback. which mad
been previously allowed of the duty upon The
expectation al spirits distilled 2om u was re-
penled. The object was 10 favor native pro-
duce, aud TO lessen the competition OF fUreiRu
spirits, spirits distilled liom foreign materinia
with spirits distilled from domestic materials
II WAS deemed 10 he especially Advantageous
10 the western country, great part Ol whose
grain eau only 6ud markets at nome and a
broad, by being converted into distilled spirits
Encouraged by this partial snceess, the foes Of
the Tariff may next attempt 10 reduce the du-
ties on Iron, Woollens aud ColtOn fabrics
successfully. The American SyIen OF pr =
lection should he IegaAisd, az II Is, an entire
aud comprehensive System made up OF vari'
Gus items, aud aiming at the prosperity of the
whole Uulon, by projecting the interests OF
each part. Every part, therefore, has a direct
interest IN the protection which il en- joys OF
the articles, which iis agriculture produces oy
as manufactures isbrcatr, and also a collateral
interest IN the protciion which other portions
Of the Union derive Tor their peculiar inter-
ess. Thus the aggregate OF the prosperity OF
all ls constituted by the sums Of the prosperity
Of each.
Take any one article the Tariff (Iron for
e1ample) aud there Is no such direct interest
IN it5 projection pervading the major part OF
the United States, MS wonld induce Congress