The Massachusetts spy, and Worcester County advertiser. [volume] ([Worcester, Mass.]) 1825-1831, 1830-03-10
WHOLE NO. a97I.


} land frontier, and others on opposite banks Of
} the same vast rivers. Two considerations at
once presented themselves, in looking at this
state of things, with great force. One was,
, that that great branch Of improvement, which
consisted in furnishing new facilities of inter-
course, necessarily ran into different States, in
} every leading instance, and would benefit the
citizens Of all such States No one State, there
fore, in such cases, would assume the whole ex-
pense, nor was the cooperation of several
J States to be expected. Take the instance Of
the Delaware Breakwater II will cost several
millions of money Would Pennsylvania alone
have ever constructed it Certainly never,
while this Union lasts, because it is not for her
sole benefit. Would Pennsylvania, NJ Jersey,
and Delaware have united to accomplish it, at
their joint expense Certainly not, for the same
reason. 1t could not be done, therefore, but by
| the Gen. Government. The same NAV be said
! of the large inland undertakings, except that,
in them, Government, instead of bearing the
whole expense, co-opeFates with others who
bear part. The other consideration is, that
\ the United States have the means. They en-.
10y the revenues derived from commerce, and
the States have no abundant and easy sources
ofpublic income. The cnstom-houses I'll the
general treasury, while the States have scanty
resources, except by resort to heavy direct taxes.
Under this view Of things, | thought it neces.
i
notions with respect to the powers of Govern.
ment, in regard to internal affairs 1t may not
SAVIOR too much of self commentator to remark
that with this object, considered the constitu-
ton, its judicial construction, its cotempora-
neous exposition, and the whole history of the
legislation of Congress under it /; and arrived
at the conclusion, that Government had power
to accomplish sundry objects, or aid in their ac-
compllshment, which are now commonly spoken
! nj aa 7bof
sion, sir, may have been right, or it may have
been wrong. | am not about TO argue the
grounds of il at large. say only, that it was
adopted, and acted upon, even so early as in
1916, Yes, Mr.. President, made up my opin-
ion, and determined on my intended course of
political conduct on these subjects, in the 18th
| Congress, in 1916. And now, Mr.. President,
have further to say, that made up these opin-
! ions, and entered on this course of political con-
duct, Teucro Ducs. Yes, sir, pursued, in all
this, South Carolina track. On the doctrines
of Internal Improvement, South Carolina, as
she was then represented in the other House,
set forth, in 1916, under fresh and leading
breeze; and | was among the followers. But
| my leader sees new lights, and turns u sharp
corner, unless | see new lights also, | keep
straight on in the same path repeat, that
leading gentlemen from South Carolina were
| first and foremost in behalf of the doctrines Of
| first came to be considered and acted upon in
Congress. The debate on the Bank question,
on the Tariff of 1916, and on the direct lax,
will show who was who, and what was what, at
that time. The Tariff of 1916, one of the plain
cases of oppression and usurpation, from which,
If the government does not recede, individual
States may justly secede from the Government,
is, sir, in truth South Carolina Tariff, sup
ported by South Carolina votes. But fcrahase
/ xy0fac hnr, n. H. r.,
which it did pass whereas, if it had depended
on Massachusetts votes, it would have been lost.
Does not the honorable gentleman well know
all this There are certainly those who do full
well know it all. | do not say this to reproach
Sout' Carolina / only state the fact and |
think it will appear to be true, that among the
earliest and boldest advocates of the Tariff as q
measure of protection, and on the express
ground of protection were leading gentlemen
/ of South Carolina in Congress did not them.
and cannot now, understand their language in
any other sense. While this Tariff of 1Sl 6 was
under discussion in the House of Representa-
tives, an honorable gentleman from Georgia,
now of this House, (Mr. Forsyth) moved TO re-
duce the proposed duty on cotton. He failed
by four votes, South Carolina giving three
votes, (enough to have turned the scale) against
his motion. The act sir, then passed, and re-
ceived on its passage the support of majority
] OIL TIC REPRESENTATIVES, OF SOUTH Z dFO.lna DIe9~
ent and voting. This act is the first, in the or
der of those now denounced as plain usurpa-
tons. We see it daily in the lisa by the side Of
those of 1924, and 1928, as a case of manifest
!. oppression, justifying disunion put it home
to the honorable member from South Carolina,
that his own State was not only art and part
in this measure, but the causG cdUsGns. With
out her aid, this seminal principle Of m schief,
this root of Upas could not have been planted.
have already said, and it is true, that this act
proceeded on the ground of protection. II in
terfered directly, with existing interests of great
value and amount 1t cut up the Calcutta cot
ton trade by the roots But it passed, never
thsless, and it passed on the principle Of pro-
tecting manufactures, on the principle against
free trade, on the principle opposed to that
tohieh let's us alone.-.Note 2.
Such, Mr.. President, were the opinions Of
} important and leading gentlemen from South
Carolina, on the suhjcct Of internal improves
ment, in 1916. l went out of Congress the
next year, and, returning again in 1923, thought
/ found South Carolina where had left her.
really supposed that all things remained as
they were, and that South Carolina doctrine
of internal improvements would be defended
by the same eloquent voices, and the same
1 strong arms, as formerly. In the lapse Of these
six years, it is true, political associations had
, assumed new aspect and new divisions, A
party had arisen in the South, hostile to the
I, doctrine of Internal improvements, and had
vigorously attacked that doctrine. Anti-con-
solicitation was the flag, under which this party
, fought, and its supporters inveighed against
0 Internal improvements much after the manner
Q in which the honorable gentleman has now in
r weighed against them as part and parcel Of the
Q system Of Consolidation.
Whether this party arose in South Carolina
a herself, or in her neighborhood, is moro than
. know. think the latter. However that may
j have been, there were those found in South
{ Carolina ready to make war upon it, and who
Y did make intrepid war upon it. Names being
!. regarded as things, in such controversies they
Q bestowed on the anti-improvement gentlemen
Q the appellation of Radicals. Yes. sir, the name
r Of Radicals, as term Of distinction, applicable
md nanliad - Aha.. ...I,.. la...L