The Arkansas advocate., 1830-10-06

| \ temereia,st srfltpsafsage ts.ttsrsslAa sslAae more they are l.Ji free onaaaage for theo.sclues. From the Baasaore Republican.
 ETgoct ot letter from tos. .JetIcrson 10 o.4tbert Gatlatia, June Ie, lSls. {N;e
 moirs vol. 1, p. sg5-)
 "fou will have learned that an act
 for Internal Improvement, after passinr both Houses, was negatiyedby tie Pres, ident. The act was foundedr avowedh. oil the principle that the phrase ill the Constitution, which authorizes Con gross ''to Icy faces 10 pcv d6dts. and gro. eide for hetsENERAE Wl1IFAKE.s was an extension og ths powers speeIii- caiiy enumerated, to whatever would promote the general welfare; aud t!siis, you know, was the Iederal doctrlne.-- Whereas our tenet ever was, aud, ir- deed, it is almost the ofly iandnarl.
 which now divides Itederu}tsts from the Rfpublscaals, that Congress lad not us. LIMITED pozeer te,pzoHiae for the gcner. al welfare; but were restrained to those fspeciilcally enumerated and that ii was haever meant that tlaey should provide for that welfilIe but ty the exercised the enumerated powers, soft could 10. have been meant tliat they should raise money for purposes which the enuIncr. alton did not place under their actiens consequently, that the specification O. powers is limitation of tise purposes ior which they may raise money. tlaak the passage and r,3eetfun off thdis ttafii Jortunqtc inesde7st. Every State will certainly concedc the power; and tins VIII De q national confirmation oif ts.aA grounds of appeal to them, and will set tie forever the meaning of this phrase, which by mere grammatical t;uibbIt. countenances the General Goxernnent Tn claim of atfivcrsalpomer. For ialhe phrase s'to lay taxes, to pay the debts and provide for the general welfare" IS a mere question of syntax, whether the two last l1aHnitires urc governed by the first, or are distinct and co-ordiuaic powers; question ,neguivocally dcc- ded by the exact definition of power r- mediately following. tis fortunate for another reason, as the States, in concc- ding the power, will modifyit either BY REQUIRING THE FEDERAL RATIO OF Ex- PENsEI IN EACH STATE, or otherwise, 50 aS to secure as agaaasst its PARTIAT. ExER. cIsE. Without this caution, i,,tgie7N, Inegptlu'ion, and the barter of ootcs might become as habitual in Congress, as theg are in those legislatures which have tha appointncnt Of officers, and which, with us, IS called Jogging" the term of the farmers for their exchanges of aid ip rolling together the logs of their newly cleared ground. ;
 What is the answer to the pToposi tipn---
 That the system of free trade must ruin England if adopted by Ter alonci and she must either give it up, or cp force it universally.
 A. When the draper buys bread,it may be very well if he can persuade the baker to buy clothes from hiln iIs turn. But if he cannot, it would be great folly to fancy he must be ruined unless he refuses to buy bread.
 Catechssm of the Corn Ldzrs.
 The Philadelphia Sentinel contains | detailed statement of the quantity os Teas, Coffee, Molasses, and Salt, iapoyt- cd and consumed during the last year, and the exact amount of the reduction effected by the recent l..Hs reducing the duties. Calculated upon these inl- portations. and without estimating any Increase ofimportation, or any reduction Fofprice in the homemade article, (il the case of salt the precise amount os reliefaforded, chiefly to thesspoorman,.' by these acts, aunder General Jackson administration,'' is S3,47s,7 ,764 GS. An eruption of Mount Etna, when took place on the 18th May, destroyer eight villages, which neither ashes nos; lava had reached at any presiatili pen' tod. Many of the inhabitants vane cu' ried undpr tho r7,ine af fhpir iouSe6s