Martinsburg gazette and public advertiser. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1826-1833, 1830-06-03
LIBERIA.


state that neither Capt SIBERIAN, nor hi
friend, EDWARD HALLowELI, are in an
81 manner connected with the Colonization SO
ciety; aad that the former is a man of thu
most sterling integrity and pisty.
PHLApELrHA, May 10th, 1850.
Sdr. Edteayd Halloeceu,
Dear Sir-As you expressed a wish that
should commit 10 writing some account OF OH
colony 10 Africa, for your own information ana
that OF YOUR friends, with pleasure comPly
with your request, aud wiz give you all the
information | could obtain in the three weeks
was there last March.
The tract ofcountry purchased by the Colo.
.nisa,ion Society Of the United states, from Az
,riesn kinr,. With view of providing an asyl-
,um tor enancipated slaves, and residence for
any free persons of colour ahc might be desi-
tous nf going th,ther, is called. as you very well
know, by the appropriate name OF Li6crfd.
The 4 rst settlement and capital Of the colony
rs .Hsnrsu.a, situated in lst..6, 81, N. and ~,
30, w. long, about quarter OF miie above
the mouth OF the River Mon-eradn, and about
three quarters OF q M lie from the poiat Of the
cape. be airing the ga ne name. The river ST
Psul cmptles inio the sea shor, distance from
the Monserado. For the hrst two years, The
emierants live d in small thsicheh houses, add
about FIVE years ego, the first d"elnng con
structt d OF iuber and boards, ~as euht o.
the site &C the present town, IN torres OF trees
Of towering height, SBd thick undet"o' L.
Tigers en- eriug this 0hep) title village, have
heca shot from the doors. The h'st settlers
had many difficulties 10 encounter, ssis ususi
~ The case ID establishing new settlements
bur all those difficulties have been happily o.
sercone, and The people are now enjoying the
bensh 5 OF their persevering industry.
HIonrovis, at p-es=n', consists of about ninety
G.y.iHc houses aud sts' es, tgo hgnsss for bhb.tC
WORSHIP and q court house. Many of the DIV ell.
Gngs are handsome and convenient, and all OF
them comfortable. The plot Of the town is
cleared more than mile square, elevated a
bout seventy feet above the level Of the So ., and
contains screen hundred inhabitants. The streets
are generally one hundred feet wide, and, like
those Of our good city, in'ersect each other at
right angles. The Colonization Society have
sn agent and physician there.
The agent 10 the chief Magistrate Of the CO
iony and the phy slcan his assistant. No white
persons are allowed TO reside in the colony for
the purpose Of trade, or Of pursuing any me
ehRHical business, such being intended Tor The
exclusive benefit of colored people The colo
nil secretary, collector e customs, surveyor,
and constable are appointed by the AGENT
the vice eg-nt, sheriff, treasurer, and all other
civil officers are elective, and all the Offices ex
eept thr Of The agent and physician are filled
BY colored people.
Tie court holds its sessions on the first Mon.
tay in every month; juries are empannelled as
with Ne, and lis jurisdiction extends over the
whole colony. This trials are, principally, Tor
larceny, and the criminals generally natives,
who commit thefts in the settlement. few
instances OF kidnapping have occurred; these
depreda,ions were committed on the rrcaptur
ed Africans. To the honour ofthe emigrsns
be 1t mentioned, that but Ave Of their number
have been committed for stealing INSIDE.
meanor since 1897.
Two ratv. kirgs have put themselves and
fhelr subj ec,s supposed TO amount to ten thou.
ssna,) under The protection OF the colony, and
Are ready, shouid il be thought necessary or
expedient by the settlers to put into their
ihsDds arms, TO mate Common cause ~ith The m
in case Of hos'hties by any otthe natives; which,
however, isnOt anticipated, rs the NEST itiend
~ disposition is manifested by all the natives of
the country from whom any danger might
have been at all apprehendsd.
The township Of Cai9~eR, is about seven
miles from Monrova, on St Pauts river, and
'contsps population of five hundred and sixty
agrcuturists The soil is exceedingly fertile,
the s,ustion pleasant, and the people satisfied
and happy. q'he emgrsn:s carried cut by me-
and from whoto Feaeiyed Pleasing and salts,
Factory account OF that part OF the country, are
foca,ed there.
.5LRsbwg. Is situated twenty five miles from
h0nPoviss on the 81, PauPs, at the head OF
tide water, where there are never fsihng streams
sufficient for one hundred mills; and there is
zimber enough IN the immediate ucig hbourhood
for their employment, if used fer the purpose
OF sawog, for half a century the town con
AaIns two hundred inb,hitants.
Bushrod's island. which separates the Non.
'serado froni the St PauPs river, is seven miles
in length. three at it's extreme breadth, about
ave miles from MonfovIa, and is very fertile,
on this island are settled thirty families from
tbe Carolinas. All the above settlers, amount
ing 10 al least fifteen hundred, are em'grsnts
from the United States.
On the left bank of Stockton Creek, and near
2the settlement on Bushrod'a Island, the recap
iured Africans are located; two hundred and
fifty OF when were vent out by the government
of the United Ststes, END one hundred anti ri.
ny taken by the copnists from the Spanish fac
tories; the agents OF which having bought some
OF our kidnapped africans, and refusing 70
siVe them Up, the colonists not only teok their
own people but vii the slaves they had collect.
go, Fhese four hundred, who are useful agr.-
'cniturlsts, are happily situated and very CON
tented, Fhe settlements Of which have spo.
akeB, eoctsn. in the aggregate, nearly TWO thou
sssnd souls, and are all IN fourIshing condition.
4 have been frequently asked since my return
from Liberia, whether there is no danger oil
ahc nsuvss breskng in upon the ceienlsts and
'destrOy!0g lhem. The bees answer I can give
70 this Question, in addition to whati have al
READY SAID, i statement OF HE following facts
When the cooYis's could muster bat thirty
'efiectiTe men for defence, and when the forest