Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1828-1831, 1830-02-26

trous and discouragng, they stood Spartan band 10
that pass, where the honor Of their ecunsfy
wac to be- defended, to nd its grave. And inthc
last great Struggle involving, we believe the very
exiscncc Of the principle Of popular sovereignty'
whcrc were the democracy of New England? Where
they always have been found sir, struggling. side by
side, with their brethren of tho South and The West
for popular rights, and assisting in that glorious tr,
umph By which the man of the people was elevated
to the highest Office in their gift.
Who thon, Mr.. President, are the true trends OF
tho Unioni Those who would confine the FedcraL
Government strictly within the limits prescribed by
Ithe Constitutions who would preserve to the States
and to the peoplSall power not expressly delegated;
who would make this Federal and not National
Union, and who. administering the Government in
spirit of equal justice, would make blessing and
not curse. And who are its enemies? Those who
arc in favor of consolidation-who arc constantly
stealing power from the States, and adding strength
to the Federal Government--who, assuming an I'M
warrantable jurisdiction the States aud the Poo.
pie, undertake to regulate tho whole industry and
capital OF the country But sir OF all description OF
men, consider those rs the worst enemies of the
Union, who sacrifice the equal rights which belong
to every member ofthe Confederacy to combinations
of interested majori,es for personal or political
Objects But the gentleman apprehcnds no evil from
the dependence of the States on the Federal Govern
ment; he can SEQ no danger of corruption from the
influence of moncy orof patronage. Sir, know that
is supposed to be wise saying THAT patronage is
source OF weakness, and in support OF that MAXIM
has been sad that "evcry ten appointments makes
hundred enemies" But am rather inclined to
think, with the eloquent and sagocions orator now
rcposng his laurels The banks of the Roanoke,
that "the power of comforting fayors creates crowd
of dependents' he gave orcibe illustration Of the
truth OF the remark, when he told US of the effect OF
holding up the slvory orsel TO the eager the
hungry hounds gathered around his door. IL matter
ed not whether the gift was bestowed on Towser or
Swcctlps, "Tray. Blanch Sweetheart" while held
in suspense, thu, were all governed by nod and
when the morsel was bestowed, the expectation of
the favors oftomorrow. kept up the subsection of to-
day
The Senator fror, Massachusetts, in denourcing
what he is pleased to call the Carolina doctrine, has
attempted to throw ridcule upon the idea that
State has any constitutional remedy by the exercise
of its sovereign authority, SD gross, palpdble, and
deliberate violation of the Constitution" He calls
it ian idle" "a ridiculous notion, something to
that effect and added that it would make the Union
ga mere rope Of sand" Now, sir, as tie gentleman
has not condescended to enter into any examination
of the question, and has been satisfied with throwing
the weight of his authority into the scale. do not
deem necessary to do than to throw into the
opposite scale the authority which South Carolina
relics and there, for the present. arm perfectly W.T.
ling to leave the controversy. The South Carolina
doctrine, that is say, the doctrine contained in
exposition reported by Committee of the Legisla-
ture in December, 1926, and published by their
thority, is the good old Republican doctrine of DC
The doctrine oftle celebrated virginia Resolutions"
of that year, and of 'hIadison's Report" of 49, l.
will be recoccted that the Legislature of Virginia,
in December, 9S, took into consideration the Alien
and Sedition Laws, then considered by all Republ-
cans gross violation of the Constitution Of The
United States, and on that day passed, ong others,
;, the following resolution:
| "The General Assembly doth explicitly and Pc
remltorily declare that it views the powers of the
Federal Government, as resulting from the compact
to which the States are parties, as limited by the
plain and intention of the inst consitu-
ting that compact, further valid than they are
authorised by the grants enumerated in that compact.
and that in OF deliberate, papabe and Danger
Lone 9th not oI H..
Compact the states who parties thereto, Lnvc tho
right and are in duty bound, to nerpoSe for arrest
ing the progress ofthe evil and for aiming with
in their respective limits, the authorities, rights and
liberties appertainng to them"
In addition to these resolutions, the General As
sembly of Virginia appealed to the other States
the confidence that they would concur with that
Commonwealth that the acts aforesaid (the alien and
sedition laws) unconstitutional and that the
necessary and proper measures uld be taken by
each for cooperating with Virginia in maintaining
unimpaired the authorities, rights and liberties
served TO the States respectively, to the PEG
pie"
| The legislatures Of several Of the New England
States having, contrary to the expectation of the
Legislature OF Virginia. expressed their dissent from
these doctrines; the subject up again for con-
sderatioD during the session of 1899, 1900, when il
was referred to a select committee, by whom was
made that celebrated report which is faniiarly
known "Madison's Report" and which deserves
TO last as long the Constitution itself In that re-
| Poie, winch was subsequently duopleu IcEfS-
lature, tho whole subject deliberately re exam
med and the objections urged against the Virginia
doctrines carefully considered. The result was that
The Legislature of Virginia affirmed all the prin-
cipes laid down in the resolutions of1798 ana issu
cd to the world that admirable report which Inns
stamped the character Of Mr.. Madison as tho pre-.
of that Constitution which he had contrt ued
so largely to create and establish will here quote
from Dir. Madison's report or two passages
which bear more Immediately on tho point in contro-
versy. The resolution having taken this view of
the federal compact proceedsto infer "that in case of
a deliberate, palpable and dangerous exercise of
other powers, not granted by the said compact, the
States who are parties thereto have the right, and
in duty bound to inerpose for arresting The pro-
gress Of the evil, and for maintaining within their
respective limits. the authorities, rights and liberties
appertainiDg to Them"
| cit appears to your committee to be pain prnci.
ple foun ed on common sense, illustrated by common
practice, and essential 10 the nature Of cotnpac:s-
that where resort can be had TO tribunal superior
to the authority ofthe parties, he parties Hertseives
must be the rgh judges in The las, rcsort whether
hp In hoah hoe nj