Herald of the times. [volume] (Newport, R.I.) 1830-1846, 1830-10-20
Z MORNING, OCTOBER 20, 1880.

speedily put an end to the Union itself.
A uniform authority of the laws, is in it.
self ii vital principle. Some of the most
important laws could not be partially cX-
ccutcd. They must be executed in all
the States, or they could be duly cXccu-
ted in none. Animpost or nm excise for cx-
ample, If not III force in some States,
would be defeated in others. 1t is well
known that this was among the lessons of
experience, which had primary nilu-
cncc in bringing nbout the existing Con-
stutIon. A loss of its general authority
would moreover revive the cXaspcratlng
questions between the States holding
ports Tor foreign commerce, and the adj
joining States without them; to which are
now added, all the inland States, ncccs-
sariIy carrying on their foreign com
ncrcc through other States.
'To have made the decisions under
the authority Of the individual States, CO.
ordinate, in all eases, with decisions un-
der the authority of the United States,
would unavoidablv produce collisions in
compatible with the peace of society, and
with that regular and efficient admins
tration, which is of the essence of free
Governments. Scenes could not be IA
voidcd in which ministerial officer of the
| nitcd States, and the correspondent
officer of an individual State, would have
rcncountcrs in executing conflicting de-
grccs; the result of which would depend
on the comparative force of the local
Al 4 l,.t
ality depending on the political opinions
and panty feelings in different States.
'To have referred every clashing de-
cision, under the two authorities, for Il
final decision, TO the States as parties to-
the Constitution, would be attended with
delays, with inconvenicnccs, and with
expenses, amounting 10 prohibition of
the cXpcdicnt; not to mention It's tendcn-I
cy 10 impair the saluiary vencraton for
ii system requiring such frequent intcrpo-I
siIons, nor the delicate questions which
might present themselves as to the form
Of stating the appeal ,and as to the quorum
for deciding it,
'To have trusted to negotiation for ad-
lnsilng disputes between the Government
of the United States and the State Gov
crnmcnts, as between independent aud
separate sovcrcignlics would have lost
sight altogether of a Con stiutlon and
Government for the Union; and opened
Il direct road from a failure oithat resort,
to the uiima ratio between nations wholly
independent of and alien to each other
II the idea had its origin in the process
of ad ustmcnt, between separate bran
chcs of the same Government, the anal
ogy entirely fails. In the case Of dis
putcs between independent parts of the
same Government, neither part being a.
bic to consummatc its will, nor the Gov
crnmcnt to proceed without IA concur
renee Of the parts, necessity brings about
an accommodation. In disputes between IA
State Government, and the Government
Of the United States, the case is practl-
caly as well as Theoretically different;
each party possessing all the departments
of an organized Government, Legislative,
Executive, and Judiciary; and having
each physical force to support its pre-
tensions Although the issue negocia-
ton might sometimes avoid this cXtrcmi-
ty how often would it happen among so.
many States, that IN unaccomnodatIng
spirit in some would render that resource
unavailing' A contrary snpposilon
would not accord with knowledge of.
human nature, or the evidence of our
own political history.
'Thc Constitution not relying on any
of the preceding notifications, for its safe
and successful operation, has expressly
declared that on the one hand, ,''that the
Constitution, and the laws made in pur-
suance thereof, and all treaties made un-
der the authority Of the United States,
shall be the supreme law of the land; .,
that the Judges of every State shall be.
bound thereby, any thing in the Constl-
tuition and laws of any State to the contra
ry notwithstanding; 3, that the Judicial
power of the L. States shall extend to all
cases IN law and equity arising under the
Constitution, the laws Of the United
States, and treaties made under their.
authority, &c"
'On the other hand, as n security of
the rights and powers of the States, in
their individual capacities, against an
undue prcpondcrancc of the powers
granted to the Government over them IN
their united capacity, the constitution has
relied on, the responsibility Of the Sen
ators and Representatives, IN the Legs
laturc of the q. States to the Legislature
aud people of the States; ,, the rcspon-
sibIlly of the President to the people of
Tho 4 uitrd STATES. nnl 4 th, hnhI-
ity of the Executive and Judicial iunc-
tionnrlcso ol the United States to impcach-
mcnt by the Representatives of the pco-