Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1830-03-23

alliances, sncs they seek no alliances with the south
the West, or the centre, but those Of mutual respect
mutual cosrie'y and mutual benefits, due according 10
tn" provisions Of the Consiirtion.
Such division OF the lands the New Hampshire
resolution approves, without reference 10 other notions
concerning What has before been granted for
and 10 the other consideration b-(ore named would TO
every unjaundiced eye, keep UP the symmetry
OF our political system coueders ion aud not con-
sodaon Of States; and hcnce would kesp upou adher
enee to ther mutual rights States in whole tn, rub-
lie property Any such Disposition Of them il effected
speedily, would iker wise relieve Congress iIon sub
ject OF leg 'laou most burhen,op-, nvidous aud vex-
aous Whether bills be 100 or 1000 on that sub
Jec', they Certainly engros' much tme and uhiec,
TO vast expenditures. Either sale or division would
bring retiet. The West would be double gamers by
either, as they would get an equal share ia the di-
vision, and speedy power OF taxation the whole
But the contrary course Of arly scramble scraps
OF these lands, sometimes for roads Tor canals
sometimes for asyluws, ard so,nsiimss for colleges;
seems to me any thing but disposition for the com
mon benefit" and seems likely 30 prove endless
source OF iavosu, jeAlouses, and corrupt conbina-
tom II NE lands 10 not all, in tue, become thus
wasted and FILTERED away fir e of good to any quar-
tor they surely will be disposed of very uusqusy-
they will excite dissatisfaction in the States not made
donees. rsher than tsud tho support of the Union
and they will Do appropriated objects, not 10 my o.
pnon, specified 10 tho Constitution. within the cog
nizance OF the Government OF the Union.
The test adopted by some gentlemen, in voting for a
grant 10 rosd canal or col'gr, that If il be good
The place where located, il il good TO part of the
whole, aud thus good to the whole SEAMS 10 me We
ry convenient argument 20 support donation in any
place. to any object however limited, if The object was
only beneficial 10 any degree; and tie whole domain
certainly might thus be taken oil our hands in single
week To contend, also, that the lands may be given
10 such OH cts in small quantities. and
he all given to one, fsw, all the SAFES, them
selves, in large quantities. es,ns 20 me suicidal posi-
tion, and 20 make di iuction without difference.
Without reference 10 III. kind Of sales The Govern
ment can make for the benefit as those grants
10 the States for JchOoI, to receive virtual COM
p'nsaon, by allowing the rest OF the land TO be free
from taxation and other similar gemenis-we mere
" lay down what we suppose 10 be the general prnci-
PIE.
No rea.oning has been offered which convnces mo
ths, lands can be legally appropriated any object for
which we might not legally appropriate money. The
snhs are as much the nroperty OF the Union az lis
ney in The Treasury. The ces.ions and purchases eff
them much nr the henr fit of all as the coec-
ton Of the money. The Con siituton az we'll as COM
mon sense seems to me to recognize difference; ard
the money only lie appropriated TO specified OBJ
Jects, follows that the land only be 40 approprat-
ed Within those specified objects, have ever been,
ard ever shall be, ready TO give lands money
the West as the Eas; bur, beyond them never have
been ready TO give either TO either. Towards certain
enumerated oh acts Congress have authority TO devote
the common fund'--the land or the money-bacluse
those objects supposed be better mansngcd un-
der their control III under that of the Ststes but
care OF the other objects is reserved 10 the States them
.,eiNss, and can only be promoted by the
funds in return, or division Of those funds. to the
propreiorf, TO be expended as they may deem judi
c0n,.
The whole debate on these points goes to satisfy nv
mind oil the correctness oil that construction OF the Con-
sution which holds grants Of money or lands va
lid, unless 10 advance OF the enumerated objects
entrusted to Congress. When depart from that
great land mark the appropriation of lands or money
and wander into inJrfni,e notions of the common
gool or Of the " general welfare" we arc in nv
opinion, at sea without compa" rudder and in go
vsrnlnrDt of acknowledged limitations, we put every
thing at ie caprice Of 6ucuaiine majority here; pro-
nouncng that 10 be for the general welfare to-day which
Tomorrow may be denounced as general curse Were
The government not limited this broad discretion would
or course, he necessary and right. But here every
gram Of power il dchnej. Many power. ara not ced-
ed 10 the General Government but expressly with
he'd 10 the States and peope-and no right s, i'm my
opinion, given 10 promote the general welfare bv
granting money lands; hut in the exercise the spe
cihc pswers thur granted and in the modes prescribed
by the Constitution.
Such limitations power admitted by all to be
The great glory Of written Constitution, and. since
the Magma ChartA at Runnymsad can never he long
vios'ed with immunity among any Of Saxon descent.
The General Government il well known TO have been
created chiefly for limited objects connected with com
mcrce and foreign intercourse; and far from being
unlimited in it's jurisdiction extent means, was bas-
ed Express aud jealous, specific aion. and designed
not for the prcstacn hut the preservation Of State
rights and State governments for most OF the pur-
roses oil political socletv. Without going further al this
time and on this ocea,on. into the argument, legal or
constitutional, upon the broad md the strict CONSTITUTE
tons shall content myself with reference or two 20
the political hearing Of these construction. on the pub.
lie lands and on the great topics oi controversy intro
duced into this debate, and 10 some siknal authorities
in favor n MY views found in the records Of tho Gsn
the hnnor In nAri 10 repFc,cnt and whose instructions
shall not Ike the Senator fro'> M'ne ref.- TO obev
nor dsnv 10 he only esrrhiy Lord and Vaster,''
tather hsn some individual " idol image" OF which
he 'poke 20 tevcrsnty.
We az know tisf, early as a. ID. 1894 The division
commenced in CoHsrsss betweer n" slvoes'cs of ex-
m.nt and e'r'ra'ly in We Exeeunre Department. and
the advocates Of State Rights, and offssleted yisws on
these constitutional powers.
In relation 10 Jsysh,sty, and the questions connect
ed with H. The lines hogan To he distinctly marked, and
The had fhe present Standardization ouad 40 the
author Of The n ciarsion Of our Independence was
found, among The firm oppo'srs NJ indefinite eonsrno-
tive powen-snd tho vote Of the former the retire.
m"n' Of The FIRST President, often appealed 10 and
mi'rep In the late by his opnosers ap
psars 10 have been predieaitd entirely upon part Of
the policy and meaures then pursued under these views
nj the Contribution. He has repeated his former opn-
ions in his Message At the opening of his Congress by
waning not" 30 undermine The Whoie system by n
resent TO oUcrsrnnsd contributions" and by warning
us against " nh encroGcbmsnfs upon HE legitimate
sphere Of Siafe S0peyeigny" The ssme course If d.
ssion among leading statesmen evinced In tho
debate on The foreign intercourse Bill In I798 and the
distinguished agent the Northeastarn boundary now
in this country, then, since bent II whole force Of
hs acute and profound mind show the evil tendency
Of such an Administration OF the General Government
The Alien and Sediton Laws after brought the
hostile parties 10 a crs and then the strong reasoning
and the acute mind of Mr.. Jefferson in those Of Ken
adjuiors throughout the Union, concentrated a.
oaff Il. anil