Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1828-1831, 1830-04-03

pressed upon Congress 'thst policy and Jus ice re-
quired, that country unsettled at the commence
mont OF the war, claimed b. the British and
coded to it by the treaty of Paris if wrcsted from the
common eueny by the blood and treasure OF the thur
teen States, should be considered proper.
ty" In February 1880, New York made her acc,s-
sion to accelerate the Federal alliance, and dcca rcd
Ihc territory coded should bu Tor the use and benefit
OF such ct the United atcs as should become nrm
hers OF that alliance, sand for no other pur
pose whatever" And although Virginia attempted
for while TO viudicSte her claim, yet other States
feeling strong attachment 10 Maryland and con-
scous OF the justice of her represent Uton, disikcd
partial union which would throw out Of tho pale Il
people standing, as Marylaudcrs have always stood,
among the bravcst and mos, patriotic of country
men. The ordinance of Congress then followed in
October T9O declaring that the territory be coded
by the States should be disposed of for tho common
benefit o, the Union, ind on the 2d January, 1881,
Virginia. IN that spirit of inDgnaniIntv which has
generally prevailed IN her councils yielded up her
claim Tor the benefit oftlc Union. IL is u rcmarka-
bic circumstance that Maryland did not actually JON
the Union until after these ccssions had been made
by New York and Virginia, dcclarisg at the very
moment and by tho very terms OF her accession that
she "did not release intend to tenquish any part
OF her right and interest, with the other coucdcra-
ting States, to The Western territory" These Ia cts
which have now become part Of the familiar histo
~ of the country, furnish curious "reminiscences in
these latter days. when light has broken in up
on ia To show that the new States have title to all
the lands within their cha cred limits, and when we
arc told It would be most IoacnHEimpuS aud bCcon-
ing IN us, who claim TO have unbbcd the shirt and
sentiments of forcathcrs, 10 ccdc away our pat
in"ny t'r 4 nominal consideration. Let 1t bc re
nCmhCrCd that the feeling this subject manifested
by th,, two States of Delaware and MARYLAND prc
venting their accession In the confederation until so
late period, was with difficulty represscd, even by
that ardent attachment 10 the of liberty for
which they were then SD much DISTINGUISHED and IN
winch they have never hoen surpassed ThcI, troops
went through The whole contest tn9e her onkinr and
smppor;:' each "ther IN battle; commonly led on BIZ
the same commander; generally The first Ia advance
and the last 10 retreat. their baynnc's ike Tho mixes
of the Mucedo oman phalunx. always lrlltterintr IN
front Of one aud the same compact mass; and when
they fr tlcv slept IN dca h together on th, same
part OF the blood stained field 1t was that same
sprIt which prompted TIE combined cyartons oI
thvsi p"op'e IN the American cause tErDurbout I'm,
whoe struggle which alSu united them in their r.,
slsj ance "GtrSt evoy attempt tho part OF anv sin
&c section OF the country Ia appropriate for IT'S cycu
sivc hcRCE' tic territory which they were s.rlynr 70
conquer from the BRITISH Crown. Sir think 'hov
will now combnc again; think they will when con.
sdermg this subject, bestow some reflection upon tho
millions winch have been expnnjed in the subsequent
purchase OF the Southwestern portion of our public
domain, the which have been profilsaly ,>..
shed ~ making and carrying into effect our ,rc,,ies
Tor the cXtingulshcd Of the Indian title in making
tho suTV"yso these lsnds and III the payment of OIL
icers and gents for the maintenance of our land svs
tenn. From the feeling which formerly actuaied
them, Judge that their operation on the subject
VIII tie slch as to resist every effort to bride them
with promises, or sway them by Of political
excitement To give that which could not be yvres-
ted from them by appeals 10 their strongest attach
mcnts in the darkest days of their adyarstv They
will claim think, Sir, equal portion of this terri
tory under The plain letter OF the grants referred 10
they may claim large portion OF It by the n,rl-
mount title OF the right of conquest which has ne
YER been by them rcnqushcd, and BY that t,n they
can successfully defend 1t Whatever foundation
there may be for the irpufation of motives in other
sections Of the Union TO fater and WOO the West
by the offer 20 her of this splendid dowry if she will
transfer her influence to candidate in Presidential
election, we. believe shall take part i'm am such
bargain The gentleman from Tennessee Mr.
Gundy,) says the West has b, on already woocd and
won. lt may he So, but we are not. and think
shall never be, sub Pr0test0s Uiyi, and If we could
be bought for my consideration to sgn this release
ct our birth right, we should never agree like Esau
to sell IT for mess of poitage.
come now, S TO Consider subject which has been d,
cused connection with thisihs right Of 10 regulate
he oonduct ny The Judgment OF her self constituted bu
nails uron tho validity of Of Congress in opposition to
ne solemn decisions OF the supreme Court of the United
oaieS anu my remarks upon will lie chiefly in reply to
gentlemen who have gone before me- confess do MOI die,
Why the of deciding any aud question: crow
tS " 81 any circumstances ~ which state her
sovereignty npusncd, not translated TO own tribunals Inv
tie same tram Of argument which induces conclusion Thai
te may MUMMY an ACT OF tire Federal Legislature the
aid of tho Federal Judiciary We knswowe arc 60 ta,g, I
memorials ic-s the docrnei very currrn in some
ateS OF ue west That the public territory within their limits 10
their and we have been threatened sn tho popuao
flowing westward has transferred the balance Of power bovon
ns HIesany' when as one IN this debate has phased H.
he sccpre has departed from the old thirteen fevcr we shall
MA tie rights OF the new States asserted maintained
not by tie ioI,c of numbers mere least by The force Of aims
at hore IN that case too, II is said, that 10 Us distance will
DC defeat state sovereignty and State rights constitute the
very cry Of party this country would nysc,f
Do among the last To infringe upon constitutional p9eT of
the States But how ar Will the new doctrines ON ,te sbicc
carry vs. Sonic who have engaged in discussion have
ayo"ed the opinion that claim public land, is ron
sstenI with tie paramount rights Fl Western States and that
upon the fundamental principles Of Government the domain
wnhn their chartered limits Is the property gran
tes Others Who stand among tie bolest champions Of tire
principle ihata sovereign Stale and
~ enforce her declarations against validity of an rt NJ
Congcss, and nuhiy whenever by her judgment il Is deb
eatey plainly and Polpably Unconsutiona repuda,e tire
whole docne OF state supremacy aud title when we touch
these clans the public lands The works hadly h.r
The positions assumed by the are rcD
10 each other You claim oy virtue Of your Sa'e So
yeegny 20 n"y an act OF Congress- and yet deny u another
state the gn' by similar operation your statute
book The leaf containing the Virginia grant AZ wen ~ s
WHICH vars upnn The Of Congress declaring c tee. r
that grant ~ The grant and the act the estate coded h. f
Use common benefit The sDyecigus within whose o
inn' the estate ~ situated, asserting e power ~ decide all
questions winch, 10 Their judgment, tbeis oyersptv
nay nuy both, md make he lsDd eif. or n ey cannot
no" can any oher % tbese sor,eigH nmN far law ~
az act Tor internal improvement which, ie Federal JuIrr
andg"s 70 be valid! TIE gentleman from tennessee ys bs