Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1830-04-23


sd,uion This security Of tho minority of the States
against the oppression OF their interests Tor
the benefit OF majority, was attended TO be effected:
ist by such judiefoos selection OF delegated powers
in their exercse, likely advance the general
welfare OF ALL if discrcetly uscL but if abused the
abuse would be generality elt-end, therefore, subject
TO be corrected by the regular action q; the government
2ndly by regulation even oil the delegated po wcrs to
prevent local and particular injury, snch that
or duty shan be iad ON articles exported from State
lilo preference shall be given by any regulation OF
commerce or revenue, to the ports OF State, ever
those OF aso'her, Sc. Sc. Billy. BY providing against
the addition Of powers, the will OF majority but
requiring the OF three ours of the States
But, II new powers may be assumed, by forced con-
suuc'ions ami usurpaions, and the will of the Govern
ment acting by majority OF its parts stand in place
OF amendments, ratified by three fourth Of the States;
IL the will aud construction made stand for con-
suomi law. then the iuoIc of amendment which re-
qureS The concurrence oil three toarths of the States
evaded-a new mode OF amendment is ccd-the
will OF majority OF Congress- with the assent of the
President, (two-hirds without his asscnt) with the
assent OF majority of the Supreme Court. can make the
Constitution what they please. But majority of the
States can elect whom they please aud make
the majority OF the Supreme Court they please The
constitutional security of the minority of States against
amendments, unless by the concurrence OF three ourhs
oil the States, will be gone.
The greatest dangers to the liberties prosperity and
tranquility Of this Union are to be unprecedented from
the assumption OF new powers the Federal Govern
aen, contrary TO the of amendment prescribed;
whereby tire particular interests Of majority Of the
states may be subscrved at the expense of the partic,
lar interests oil minority Of the States Secondly from
feaVng out oil view the great end and design Of tho Con-
suion, which was TO protect the rights, and advance
fhe interests and prosperity Of all the States
therefor course of legislaon to advance the particu
lar interests of part only by colorabfe use of the dol
cgate powers, according the letter. but contrary TO
the spirit and intent Of tke grant.
whist that spirit Of alniy and mutual Difference and
concession, in which tire Constitution framed and
adopted, shall be observed and cultivate the great pur
pose aud design Of the Constitution III be ACCOMPLISHED
the genera, welfare will be advanced, the national
iece will be strengthened the Union will be
ed The exercise Of doubtful powers and a wanon dis
respect OF the opinions and statements Of the
faves of particular States, of mutual Difference
ana concession, in the exercise of delegated powers
whereby measures, particularly disagreeabc and inu-
rous TO part are unnecessarily imposed when other
measures less obnoxious would the exigsncies
Oh inc government, cannot fail TO produce distrus dis
cord, and weakness The discreet exercise of powers
clearly delegated, cannot fail TO promote concord tran
guilty, union, and strength The powers delegated
are sufficient for all the exgencics the Federal Gov
ernment They of such a character so judicously
and guardedly selected that discreet use of them can
en- the national defence.
Viewing the Federal and State Governments in their
respective proportions and divisions cf powers moving
h'rhoniousiy IN their respective orbits. the plan il
most beautiful, and well ordered. The theory OF
The Government, when surveyed in all it's parts
dvi ions, come xon and proportions |, the
ann most sublime effort OF the human genius on the
subject oil human governm mt. 1t combines the gre at
est practical security for protecting the rights indus
Try and personal liberty at home with the most eper
getic, powerful defence against TO- eigu force.
In Other governments, The empire ,ensrgcd .ecu
Tity for particular interests and liberty weak
ened The whole power ofthe government, is
'e" al the capital. The foreign force which conquer,
the capital, eonquers the government and prescribes
me terms OF The conqusror. But in our iederative
princiIl" the enlargement OF the territory does not
enoanger particular local Interests weaken the
ry Tor iberty the domestic concerns are and
rrotecei ny the State governments. The multiplied alton
OF States adds TO the general strength and general
defence against foreign force the gsner ar,
managed and projected by the General Government.
Let foreign ioree posses and burn the Capitol; III
slpI
rebuild with increased plcndor Should the Pre.iden'
ana both Houses OF Congress be carried into captivity
they have no to destroy the Constitution; the
Government is not conquered
ne states are ready TO elect another Congress and
snoh'r Pre- iient In war there is a power in every
State, TO act in concert with the General Governmsn;
give an activity and energy the means Of defence.
Whilst we cherish that spirit of ami,y mutual 10
Ference and concession in endeavoring 10 prcmoe The
common interests and general welfare Of all the States
IN winch the Constitution was made, have ne, hing
To lear Tor liberties from abroad or al home Bu II
a' generous spirit which the creator OF the Com
stut on, which its soul and its essence shall he .up
planted by ordid spirit Of avarice cold caIcuatis
policy TO promote the particular interest, Of majority
o 'ns state, at the expense Of the minori of the
safes, Then indeed will have fallen upon vii times
whenever majority Of States shall be coaiesced to
promote their particular interests at the expense of the
minority then there will BE- day big with the fate of
me last aud airest experiment in favor of the rights nj
human nature. The actors of u A. iav will be res,on
s'be Tor the greatest trust ever confdsd to political
soeie'y; the falrest, ondest hope of human liberty
patrons OF ree government must not he exposed to he
imputed and senced by the votares of tyranny II
foreign from my purpose excite sectional ieaIou.e.
or arouse local and particular interests. NV earnest
desire Is TO promote generous spirit of union lofty
spirit OF patriotism, which rises above the level of
sui'ing particular interests by measures particularly
nsagreeaole and injurious to oilers desire TO cui.
hvae spirit OF mutual concession and Difference in
devising measures liable TO as few obic ctiens "a NAV
be- and most likely 10 invite the concurrence and pro
mote the prosperity Of all.
That the Ruler Of the universe in his infipi.e wis
dom and goodness will teach US the value OF union and
iFad us to cultivate that spirit of amy mutual dc, |
ference, and concession which the pecuarity of our
poic"i situation renders indispensable TO the general
welfare, and that this union may be perpetuaI /, the
longing my heart i oughtt 10 be the PRAYER of eve
ny true American.
by Mr.. BIB. The Federal Constitutions: The
charter oil limits between State and federal mowers
Let us remember that the best constitutions will iegen
craze inio tyranny u Their he power TO watch
Support, and defend them against usurpation.
D. The virgins resolutions and nj adisons re mort of
The years 9S-Text books in The JeHer.onan school:
wnen they cease to be read aud admired the DAYS of
Liberty viii be numbered.
MIR. p. p BARBouR rose and said
Mr.. President: The sentiment which has lust been
proposed OF character calculated TO excite strong
motions IN the bosoms Of those present, who are mem
bers oil The Virginia deleg cation. IL carries with il
tribute OF respect to those great principles have
unlirmiy characterized her political course
Though, Sir, altogether unused to addresses Of thi.
KIDD, may be INDUCED for moment, in making
lew remarks which the occasion seems to Justify if not
TO require. ~ -
Iii be wish, as doubt not IL IL IA .J,;,;.,o