Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1828-1831, 1829-04-07

Departments of the government to him, who as Won
observe, had been dcnominalcd the eloquent champi-
ON OF the rights and interests of the west, and who
mas equally well deserved the strenuous and faith
ful assertcr Of the rights and interests of all.
The extent OF. Territory, and the diversity of re-
gions, climates, and modes of social existence, embra
ced oy the North American Union, present to the su
perhcil observer, the aspect Of country of hctcro
geneous composition, with its several clements sepa
rated IN large masses from each other, and having
few ofths affnities which blend them into one
congeniai body. more enlarged view however,
leads to the opposite conclusionIt is from the great
diversity and seeming mutual opposition Of these in
tercsts that results the NEST conclusive Of arguments
lar the union OF the whole into ore nation, with
common Representative assemblies, possessed of lc-
eisiative powers, and animated with the constant
purpose OF rendering equal justice ALL and of har
nonizng those interests, the natural condition of
which was an assemblage ofelements unusually dis
cordant.
| The only alternative to the National Union III it
exits, would be two more communities, themselves
forming large federaions, without the of one
Legislative assembly and the conflicting and opposite
interests OF which, aggravated beyond their present
and natural state, would still require to be adjusted,
but, by diplomatic assemblies only, furnishing the
means OF such adjustment, aud With war at every
turn the only sequel TO unsuccessful negotiation.
1 he greater therefore the diversity and opposition
oil interests to be conciotcd by national coniedc
ratiou the indspensably necessary TO them all Is
Legislative bond of Union In that legislature every
interest ia represented and the resources of every
parate portion brought into action for the
mon benefit of all Agriculture, commerce, and ina
nufactures are thus made tributary to the benefit OF
each other and the final result, is The improvement OF
tho condition of the whole.
Tho progress of intcrnal Improvement and the pro-
ItectIon OF domestic manufactures, especially ne
ccssary to the western section of the Union; but the
West does not exclusively share the benefit of legis-
lation adapted 10 those ends. II is sometimes urged
that tho Congress of the Union have not the power
burden with taxation of its great component IN
teress for the benefit OF another. This argument
plausible III appearance and addressed to the selfish
feelings of our nature is contradictory to the first
principle of civil society II is the basis of tue so
cial compact, that the faculties and the fortunes OF
every individual, shall be made subservicnt to the
well being OF his neighbours and associates in the
bond The contrary principle is the rule Of savage
e and is applicable only to the solitude OF the de-
sett. All taxation is contribution levied upon the
property of one for the benefit of another; and
the compensation to each individual for the exacior
upon HIMSELF Is found in the levyiug similar, though
not the same, contribution upon the wealth or pprso
nal labor of another, the Immediate advantage o.
which may be enjoyed only by hin. The equalization
of the burden and of the benefit, is among the duties
OF the Legislature, and will surely best be eected
by supreme authority, extending over the whole
and In which the interest and the will of every part
has an equal constitutional weight.
IL is indeed truc that i'll the apportionment of the
pubic contributions, interest may be deeply
affected than another To guard against the occur
renee OF this evil Is the mperious duty of the
Legislature. Toremove il, whenever from inadvor-
tence or any other cause it may have occurred. is
among their most solemn obligations. The surcst
guaranty for their ullnent of these consists in the
constitution of the body; i'll the equality of rcpreseB
taton of which 1t IS composed and in the frequent
turn and free exercise of the elective franchise.
In the contemplation of the Legislature, the suf-
erng interest is that which requires its most vIgilant
attention. The interest affected by the injurious
competition and legislation Of other nations, that
which Will demand protection. Patriotism itself is
no other than The sacrifice of the selfish passion Ia
the social ic and II taxation never be levied upon
one man for the benefit of another, where is the
rat of Warren for avished upon the heights Of lis life
ChaTlestown, or the glory Of Montgomery, is. ieyo-
ting his before the walls of Quebec?
In tho regret which You pleased to express at
the Issue OF the recent election, far it indicates
your appreciation Of my public services, caunot
but feel myself fattored. As manifestation of the
will OF the People, to place another at the lelni
whero had been stationed, this event has my entire
and perfect cquiescPnce--knowng, that Whoever is
placed there will have continual need Of the candor
and indulgence Of his country, would ask IT, for him
as l did for myself and hoping that he VIII realize
the privileges and the duties of his place. by a stan
GARD commensurate with the Who'll. Union Twill trust
that his eXertons for the welfare of the nation will be
co-c%tensivc with ltd territory, crowned with
equivalent to the sincerity OF his designs and follow
ed by the gratitude Of the present age and the be-
nedcton Of after times.
Accept the good wishes of your friend and fellow.
citizcu: JOHN QUINCY ADAMS
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From New Orleans we have received, by the Dc
Witt Clinton, the papers OF that City to the 1871