Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1829-11-21
-F7YM N T1ONs
DEBATE ON TIE BASiSoF REPRESENTATION
TUESDAY, Nov 10.
AR CHESS SPEECH- Concluded.

The Come ion resolved its ltino Commi,,ce OF the
Who'll. the Conii'u,ion Mr.. Pow ELL. in the Chair
Several gentlemen, aud particularly tho grmlen,n
hom Frederick CHR Cook most earnestly lnvue us 10
place tn protection ct omr property. on the 'nor"' o.
the reple a. OF &c Rhg", srl not on ,hr'r inter.
s',- VIII the CENT. men retHn' the onr,imen' to
their Br-ren East Of the Ridge, aod place heir pro-
t.c'ion az? n -, We are then To act upon
thu p1ncips, thSt are all moral" all honorable
mru"-dis aiding altos eth the selfish notions OF in
II ihis h. ally the case, he would respectful
w ak the-- gentlemen what would he The use OF Co
ve'nmeui a. alp Government il not intended Tor mo.
raj honorable men hutaS protection against the vices
ard imrereccn+ Ol NAN; and il man were totally cx
emp from al vices AMI inpeifectons, there would be
necessity f'r Gave at all. Ii strange
him that gentlemen did not see, that this
emanaion of he French PHILOSOPHY of the pefecbili.
" of mar; and that il adopted here wonld be attended
with the results which attended il in France. II
failed in France and will fail ia every other connvy in
which may be tried, sinpy, because il is founded in
false. thong catering hypothesis. The notion OF the
peItectihiuy OF shbrd4 the most natterng JUNCTION
to his vanity. but unfortunately Tor him il has real
existence, anj il nothing han iniscievous, de-
lusve vision OF the ninl.-The gentlemen, in support
oi this silarious dIctrne refer the hberauy OF
the slave holers the East side o. the Ridge towards
the non slave holders tho West IL 10 true Virgins
thus liberal in that particular and is always
liberal. She up her Western lands. sufficient to
form an extended empire in them.elves She was 1be-
raj to Kentucky; and she has been liberal, her
intercourse with her sister states. Wherce. the causes
ofhs celebrity of Virginia lberay! Surely, from the
moral tendencies OF her fundamental laws Tor years
They teach her tina, is 10 her interest TO be liberal
ini That honesty l. the best awarded policy Tor nations
Could there he hgh"r compliments 20 the wisdom OF the
amenta laws of Virginia than contained in these
demoustratons?He begged call the attention of the
Convention 20 an example, forming awful contrast TO
the one presented by the gentleman 1t was furnished
by the Federal Government. An excessive tax IN,
been imp sed by that Government, as he conceived. In
direct violation of morals principles and the plainest
provons Of our written Constitution IL originated in
combinations OF particular sections oil Country 10 tax
Their sections. These combinations wers effected by in
vitaons given by certain poliica, fanatics 10 other
Convention lat
recess OF Congress- excluding all the sections Of Coun
Wv Intended To- be made tributary from these invita-
tons Virginia was not honored with al invitation,
stat South South West of Virginia. This Con-
veutonh thus composed, unbu hngly met at Harrisburg
in open day; organized themselves into Convention,
with all the assumed honors and ormaltes irded to
Wi- Convention, and there laid the foundation OF the
tariH act which subsequently sanctioned by
an act of Congress. This act passed in direct viola
ton ol every principle OF taxation here toore held
cred and was addressed TO the worst passions OF the hu
man heart II dictated by spirit OF electioneer
ing mi OF avarice which, reckless OF all principle, in
viird tn manufactures to rely upon he abour OF Others
instead of his own labor Tor support and actually fur
ni'hed him with means, OF taking the proceeds of the
labor ~ another, which, fione without the sanction of
this mou,ious act, would amount to criminal offence.
The fleet OF this act has been 10 demoral the whole
Country, and To imrover.h the whole of the tributary
parts OF It, II has taken from his pocket every
current 'olar he pos'es-rd and would to preven,
him from ever possessing another or is there any
rope Tor any relief against i- unprncipled imposition,
so long this bduetul elect nrering spirit shall
dirAc our councils. IT the mos, unrelenIinp
spirit and instead OF OUR hoping for relax atom il il
stan Is IN search of some little modicum OF property
msnlng untaXed Tor the tax OF Tie next year Such
are tn. ELECTS of the nnprncipei measures recommend
eG by Ia fauAtical Convention At Harrisburg which,
ai'er pug all the powrrso Of authorised Conven
hOn kept regular journal of their proceedings, and
aitrr their adjournment, officially iorw ardcd him co
Pv uorroi Now he would ask all men above and he
low IA nomnt'nsa chri sians all lovers of right
and hatcr e evil To deterHine whether such proceed
ings ough 10 be tolerated? II So how deporabe
il our condition below ia. mountain /. The General
Governuent first plumbers us under pretrxt OF
proec ing manufactures, oil every dollar within their
~ ch; Hni then our transmontane brethren gravsly
ask 10 trust the residue, il there he any, to their
morals. Tia gentlemen then charge Virginia with im-
poferi1hment and degradation, aud TO intnia,
that both htve arisen from the npeTfecons Of
Ganic laws u IL true that Virginia is impoverished,
Int mo- degraded. Is dat irnpoverisbment confined
virginia, or dos II not extend To South Carolina and
The whole Of the tributary OF country, If so,
Them che eXtravagant in .ositions under tile Tariff Act
must be the true OF that improve rishment: Not
GINA. They have moral tenirn les which never
cold produce mpoverishment. The bankruptcy Of
Ni-..! ia, il in cTShnot in morals, in pnci llos
Amidst al her mi-ioriunes and Impoverished, she
st'u's now erect and DISTINGUISHED in morals ard in
rrnci Is, a. she has done at any former m-. The
true cause ten of the bankruptcy of Vrgina in cash
the Tariff Act This plumbers all our cash. and that be
Sg TAX away, impOvershnent is the necessary
qurnce Here, then, is direct and immediate cause
Tor his d'porahe effect, without resorng imputa-
.on' 'g nd our fundamental laws "a the cause of 1t:
The a trihu"bie cause having affinity nor rcla-
uotshp TO the II CT suggested 10 be produced by il.
We here have 10 encounter another pathetic appeal
% orr f"'Dgs. Several gentlemen, and particularly
tie horned gen lemin rom Loudoun, mir Mercer)
whose at-ence he regretted, had urged with great
s'Gess, claim for military services, rendered du.
ring the last war; by brethren of The Wes'. Tho
as ~ gentleman dew in the most vivid colours these
patriotic sorrcescXhbitrd much sensiblify and ex
hdu'et 20 much time the occasion, TO satisfy every
rhat IA must himself have been an honorable par
tdker in the But Mr g hardly expected that hf
would have exhausted SO much defamation in ruor.
uns upon the patriotism aud hsrosm Of these defenders
Of their Country, because this tribunal the last in
The word 10 Whose feelings appeals Of any KIM shOd
bs mSl'. No. Sir il the duty TO selrch for
Principles, aud not 10 indulge feelings There was
no member oil the Committee, more ready than him
SELL to do ample justice h; herosin and patriotism
uf The soldiers of the West that occasion. But he
could see no Ability, whatever between those feel
nes, and the claims pathetcally urged by the gen
ueman Tor extending ~ them the right Of suHage or
any ohcr civil right whatever. To ascertain this point
II would he necessary 10 resort to first principles
IL would he observed, that from the origin OF 50.
possessed physical powers and others possessed money.
- tie duty OF those who possess the physical power
70 defend ihe society by arns.t il the duty Of those
who have money 10 pay their defenders full cOnpensa
ton lor their services. The militia laws are the arbi
teis between those who light and those who pay. In
fully p't an when that was dune there was aud G nd
81 al Obligation between The parties. IL they have no
yet received compcns ton cnorgh--in the name of
col, give them more. II must be presumed that they
Lave received enough, because there is grumbne
upon 'hat score But the great OF ciion TO this prin
cple H., the iGiermixure OF civil aud military right.
Whd would he the effect IF pacing military claims for
subver the oder Of the civil and military authorities
srg the civil subO diIate 20 the military OF he