The Massachusetts spy, and Worcester County advertiser. [volume] ([Worcester, Mass.]) 1825-1831, 1829-04-01
PANAMA MISSION.

INDUCED the Senate 10 endeavCr to suppress
/ their publication. for they completely refute
the objections which were raised against the
mission and show the opposition to have been
factions and nnprincipled The principal docu.
ment is :he letter of instructions from the Sec
| rotary of State, Henry Clay, under the direc-
| ton of the President, to the ministers. 1t
/ would occupy nearly two pages of our paper.
1t is agreed, on all hands, to be state paper of
| uncommon ability, and one which will remain
a lasting monument of the talents Of its author.
I For tho following abstract Of its contents, We
are indebted to the Providence Journal ::
! The Instructions are dated May s, 1896. The
! relations of the United States to the other
American powers, are assigned as the reason
which induced the President to accept the in
| vitation of Colombia, Mexico, and Central
| America, to send ministers to Panama. The
! Importance of such a Congress upon the desti-
MES of the new world is alluded to, the assem-
blage of the ministers of independent American
States being a new epoch in human affairs.
The fact is stated that ministers of some of the
powers have already arrived at Panama, and
the United States ministers are directed to pro-
coed thither with all possible dispatch. The
! subjects to be treated Of with the powers are
peace, friendship, commerce, maritime law,
neutral and belligerent rights. The form of
! proceeding is distinctly understood to be diplO-
! matte, and not Legislative no State to be bound
| to any act of the majority, but by It's own as
sent, all treaties, &C. to be subject TO ratifica
ton by the governments at home, according to
Fthelr respective constitutions. All notion is
| rejected of an Amphyctipnic Council to decide
controversies between the States. The improb-
ability that such an idea will be entcrtained.by
the Congress, and the mpossbity of this gov
eminent acceding to it, are clearly pointed out.
/ If treaties cannot be formed with all the ma
! tions, the United States ministers are to form
! treaties with such Of the States as will enter
| into them, on advantageous terms, unless il
should lead to uniriendly feelings, in which
case they are to be declined altogether. The
neutrality of the United States between Spain
! and South America is to be strictly observed,
and no act is to compromise her settled pacific
policy. In those subjects relating to the war
with Spain, our ministers are to take no part
and refrain from their discussion Should an
alliance, with view to countcract the Holy
Alliance, be proposed, our ministers would de-
cline entering into it. There is here view of
the policy Of the Holy Alliance, the check
supposed to have been produced by the dec
/ laration of Mr.. Monroe to their making COM
mon cause against South America, and the
evident intention on the part of the ALI
ance not to interfere between Spain and her
colonies, which it is impossible to compress,
and give any correct idea of it, Alluson is
made to the attempts of the late Emperor Of
Russia, to effect peace between Spain and
| her colonies, and the avowal Of his successor,
that he will follow in his steps, is mentioned
one among other evidences that the foreign
powers win not aid Spain in the contest. The
policy Of the u. States, in avoiding all foreign
| alliances. is fully recognised, and laid down as
| a settled maxim; although an exigency may
arise to render such alliance necessary with
South America. None such, however, now
exists. If the other members of Congress
should insist on such alliance, the proposal is
to be referred to our government for consldera-
ton, 1t being the belief of the President, how
ever, that it would be rejected. The danger OF
grants Of perpetual commercial privileges to
foreign power, by the South American states.
is enforced, and the necessity of cultivatlng
peace and cooperation amongi themselves,
strongly urged. Our ministers are to urge the
adoption of the maritime principles contended
for by the United States, to abolish war against
private property and ncn-combatants the
ocean, and to establish the rule that free ships
shall make free goods. The Importance Of
4 these principles is clearly pointed out.
A definition of blockade is to be proposed, to
avoid the misunderstanding that now exists on
this point The fixing some general principles
for the mutual regulation of commercial inter-
course is considered very desirable. The Unit
cd States to seek no privileges that are not en-
joyed in common, and none to be granted by
one state TO any foreign power, that are not
extended to all the states. On this point there
is forcbc and perspicuous reasoning. No
treaty is to be formed with any state which
grants more commercial privileges to any other
power, than is conceded to the United States.
This broad and liberal principle to be enforced
without the slightest compromise Entire re-
ciprocity in the importation and expectation
from American ports, in American vessels, and
equalization of duties, on all articles allowed to
be imported by law are urgently pressed The
reasons in support of this principle are full and
conclusive Should it not be acceded to. a
!, modification is to be urged extending the prin-
ciple to the productions and manufactures Of
America, including the West Indies, or if this
fail, the offer to be made to any one state that
will accept it, as the United States law now
possesses this reciprocity to all nations.
The subject of preventing a formation Of new
European colonies in the Americas is touched
upon, and joint declaration of the states
against any such future project, recommended
such declaration only to bind the states to act
individually. The invasion of Cuba and Porto
Rico, is deprecated, and the continuance of
their present relation, enforced by powerful ar
guments. The Ministers are instructed to
earnestly oppose any project for the conquest of
those Islands, by South America. The advan-
tages of Canal through the Isthmus ofDarien,
are pointed out as deserving consideration.
The recognition of the independence of Hayti,
proposed, is to be left to the decision of each
state. The President is not prepared to admit
:he propriety Of such recognition, A free toll
GRAFTON in matters of religion, is to be pressed
upon The new states The operation of this
principle in the United States s happily illus
trated. In all treaties liberty of religious wor-
ship in the respective territories, is to be stPu
lated for fna n b. the so s"iIst Of nt
with no spirit of proragandism on the part o.
the United States. Preferring her form Of gov
eminent to all others, she is still content tt
SOC otbers in Tho f,u en,oyS,ent Of their owr