Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1829-11-19

il. Ina
right Of jurisdiction over persons within its own limits,
his inquiry may be extended further. Suppose anv
oil the free States, sefeaed Ohio for instance, in
some eapricious mood, should determine that all tho
co'oed people, who have been invited TO take refuge i'm
'nA State against the slavery Of other a,es should be
slaves within tina, State; would the Federal Govern
ment nave the right to exercise any over such
determinations Certainly notthe jurisdiction over per
sons within the limits OF Ohio being exclusively with
tue state authorities Here, then, Ohio would be in.
WIN the power OF ju.dction persons with
~ us units, which would be denied 10 another State
admitted to the Union, subject to the bargaincd condi.
uon. such are always the consequences Of sub,tu-
ing ga rgsins for principles in legislation >"
what he's Ohio now done! Becoming perfectly sem
sbie OF the pischie vii ch have resulted from her
red INTO execution, must entail upon those people. VIII,
came into her State in the belief that they should find
protection, greater evil than slavery itself The mi
chi arrived at such pitch. that the State has pas
ell law. requiring that all cooursd persons in tho
STATE must give security Tor their good behaviour to an
amount beyond their means 10 obtain. And bel,
Aoie TO do this. they must either be rated or on
rue state NO asylum is provided for them, but If h-
law carried into effect they must be driven forh-6nd
retxe where they can-?erhpis in Virginia The
ne xt step which Ohio may take NAV b. TO declare ho,
people slaves, AMI is likely now that hc should
do so. than 1t was when the preceding remarks were
made, that she should take this STEP which
10 more onerous and disastrous 70 her invited
guests than slavery itself II is indie ed strange that
he,e coored people should have been invited no that
o'ae' ana should now be d iven abroad vagabonds.
NOT on tue lace Of the earth, but TO 20 the clouds or
wherever they could find a refuge. He mentioned
0ttUhttr
De, 10 touching the subject OF emancipation.
There was another point. hich he was compelled
Yesterday to omit, having been nearly exhais,el-
u was the difference bewee the ,hts Of the m aior
~, claimed from the various mi,concr .oure IN
which gentlemen had e-rred end such as were given
oy The Constitution or Social Compact. The specific
question before as, 10, not what relates the powers of
'he majority, Tor who shall be the majo ity but VIII
shaI De the constituents 10 make that mai ,riy Tho
question mere 10, who are to be the cons,tusnss By
whose votes majority is 10 be created? Aud then.
what degree oil jurisdiction should this majority h.yes
ms must depend the Social Compact, or written
Constitution now engaged i'm forming: and H. a
brought him to the point OF inquiry as i'm
the B OF Rights In determining who thall be tn.
son''tuents the rule he had agreed observe Which
ne sI agreed TO observe and which he hoped all gem
tiemes would observe, is, that these ens are to-
be made in such manner shall I've judy ed most con-
aue've to the public veal" Tho rule imposed on u.s.
% perfect c great work, i'm such manner as NAV be
most conducive TO the public veal. This brou ght him
to The point at which he left of yesterday.
He would now consider the actual, local differences,
arising from the unequal, sectional dvi ions of our
slave property. The question which has arisen, il
whether slaves ought to be counted, either as per-
sons or property! Ii is plain question, if we agree
az to the objects of the formation of governm.pt-
why should they not be counted? They are persons
and property both Because they property, shall
we divest them Of their existence-of their person.l
character? They are persons and property in law
He did not state this with such posveness because he
pretended TO claim any superiority for his opinions
ar from H. He would present TO the Committee tho.
few grounds which his opinion rests and leave them
10 decide lie would point out OF the supposed alb
he
ground mat Ihey are property, is authorized by tho
federal law the laws of the State international law anil
all The sanctions OF every law Great Britain NAV be.
referred TO on this subject the peculiartv
OF her policy in that respect She is 80 fastdo in her
ideas OF the relation OF and slave that the mo-
ment they touch British ground that relation between
thems entirely cut asunder. Now where shaI we ook
Tor the British sanction of slavery! We found il first
here-we found the upon us for a curse he must
consaeri. It's admitted that we cannot avoid it. That
very nation which is so fasidous the subject of ,Ia
very liked II on us against consent She has tey
IN treaty with this country, admitted slaves TO be pro.
Perty and has paid for them such and thus she has.
again admitted the principle of slavery Look Al her
West India possessions Slavery there in its essence
ne condition oil the slave there is miserable compare
around US that making the best use of our mower
to meiorat e the condition of slaves
ne mere begged to correct alteration of the gen..
uenan from Loudoun MR. Mercer) as he conceived IL
10 De- That gentleman had laid it down positively that
slave Ia Virginia had no civil rghtshat he was pro-
perVMmcre property. lie compared him TO cat
Ne he presumed, however. that that gentleman would
admit the existence of laws which treat slaves az ner
sons protecting them far wrongs are committed ON
persons in the character of persons. All persons wbe-
Their they DC bond free, even excepting tbe ,no,
ter himself, who commit the higher order of wrongs.
such as murder, &c. on slaves, subject to pun
ishmcn OF death. The distinction on which This law
Is founded is that the offence IL committed on them
~ the character OF persons, and the c~tie in the
charac,rr OF property. The law in minor case, pun
shes 'hrout the master. As 10 the civil personaF
rights OF the slave. they strictly enforc here
than those OF the white population. The protec, ion
'hey receive hbGer Tue law is efcarjous.
me gentle man rem Lououn ihen, in error NJ rich
or poor, white or black. murder ,lave death is The
pnni'hment. Did geBtl.mtn ever hear cf pun,bm,n nj
OF death for killing cow No. not even If Is. mur-
herer eat her afterwards yet these are the anaoge, Of
the gentleman from Loudoun.
lie would say that the laws in relation 10 slave. aro
wise and just The law requires that the re- cord of -
very o8ence charged against slave for which wb,~
man would he punished in the Pcnitenti,ry sbalI r.
laid before the Executive for its decision: tbu. ,ub
mit"ng ny mere act OF law, the Of every slave.
ounh guilty OF criminal act, TO the pardonng powsr
According TO the humane provision Of the law The sava
enjoys privileges which allowed 10 anv ons
else he best counsel is provided for him nv his mas.
yer or by me court, II the master should fail and hi,
rghs are protected with the vigance and
" we look al the police records OF London we shall ace
mat thousands hung in that ci,v with slno,t =.
little ceremony "a If they were Lrn,e, Under III.
vew Then, as the laws recognize the rights of bonJ a.
well az tree, why are they not 10 he counted, Tn.
TACT ~ that whether persons or property their abour
produces ihird ofhe taxes the State He cared M,
IN what character they produced them The prac,;c.i
result whether counted persons or properv ia mar
~ the same. But here IL case in point of The nenn,I
taxation OF an important interest which renuirss SON.
provon IN The Constitution. Gentlemen admit ,bsr.
should be some provision, offer guarantee h
principle which they dcsire TO insert in u g Cons,uti,n
what IL the object in establishing the undsmentalavsp
from nature certain great gene M
Tor the government Of society, producing GOOD nor,
tehhehcles, through their own intrinsic one raions
according 10 The wise or unwse selection OF these prn
cpies would moral or immoral tendencies be produced
in society. IL selected principles conducive IN ,hs
puhhc veal, the effect Is visible in the NOR, orgsni.
zation which the community gradually assumes N
he ell. is L.