Litchfield enquirer., 1829-12-24
fFNOm the Ntw ENElaNd Fdrmerl MARKING BUTTER IN WINTER.

MV' FVeSSeHWeHI-A want to know why butter Is longer coming ono time than an- othcr---in the winter than tho summere When we have made lhcso inquiries, and stated our difficulties ln churMing at this timn of the year, ono has advised Ws to nut in little salt; aud SO we have put in a little salt Another said, put in a little vinegar !; so wo tried a little vinegar. An. other said turn in warm water nnd wa tried that time and again. But after all. we have found nothing to answer on many occasions. My wife insists upon 1t that the cause is the cows eating at the same timc both hay and grass or to thoir eat- ing tho corn butt stalks and husks that arc given them when we first begin to house them, as we uniformity have hard time in churnng when the cattle are thus iod. Wo also warm our cream before churning in cold weather, but this docs not prevent tho difficulty.
 Now, Sir, ifyou can give US little light on the subject, you will Ns much oblige, as well my dear wife and her maid Betty, as DANIEL GREENswARD. | Remarks by the Editor.--.Butter is oh- tancd from cream, by separating it's con- stituent parts, into two substances, viz. butter, or the oI of miik, combined with oxygen, or Uitdt dn and bRiser.mitk, or cream deprived of it's oil OSygeu,is is the principle ofacidity, or tho substance which gives sourness Co vinegar also to sulphur ric acid, [oil of vitriol1 and other mineral acids, aud to fruits, 6sc. But oxygen will not combine with cream, and thereby pro- duce butter unless under certain conditions. and according to tho following, among other laws of nature. Tho cream must be of certain temperature, or the oxygen will not unite with 1t, and its particles must be OK. posed to air tn order to imbibo oxygen, which composes part of tho atmosphere.
 Every housewife knows that she cannot convert cider into vinegar in cold weather. without artificial and cOntiMGed warmth.-
 Pouring little hot water into the cider | will not answer, because the hoat would
 bo too transient. But by raising the tenn.
 perature of cider in the coldes. parts of the
 season, to summer heat, and keeping it ex- posed to air of a summer heat, for several days, vinegar may us well be made in Jan- unry us in June. And if you make your cream warm enough, and keep 1t warm tong enough, you may as well, we believe, provided your cows arc well fed, make butter in the depth of winter, as in tho height of summer. This muy be done hy keeping your dairy room warm by stove or other means, or by setting metal milk pans tn vessels of wood, surrounding them with hot water, and renewing the hot wa ter as occasion may require, till the cream is sufficiently oxygenated, or slightly sour- ed.
 The whole theory of butter- making may briefly be described us follows :-But- ter is formed by tho oxygenating (slightly ] souring or acidulading) of the oil of cream. This oxygenation will not take place when } the cream is below, at, or nearly down to
 the freezing point, the souring commences , previous to churning merely by standing exposed to the atmosphere, from which 1t , absorbs oxygen. The process is after- 3 wards completed by churning tho viOlen, l motion, which this operation induces, . bringing every particle in contact with the = atmosphere, and thus facilitating its oxy- . genation.
 |" He is d--d agreeable, i" said a young lady-What young lady swearl Yes,
 courteous reader, whatever certain ladies
 may do and say, the initiative world call it fashionable, and tho example Is inEec.ious. : We have frequently observed tendency, an inclination on the part of the female ton to taper of with neat delicate dash at polite swearing-a little half suppressed arch, dGmme," accompanied with sig- nificant Tom and Jerry shake of the head. There is no harm intended in all this but I"practice makes perfeci," or as Polonius says, "this effect defective comes by cause." Pa swears-Ma swears-Miss Lydia swears-littlo Bob swears, s,and Pat ty the maid swears. The whole family is inoculated with a vulgar-like practice, gross and indelicate, leading step by step to an unlicensed freedom of speech aud coarse collection of phrases. Let such inclina- tions Do checked by all in authority.
 " Y. Eng. Great wisdom which exahs nation Is nothing more than collecting the opinions of the many great folly which injurcs a nation is nothing more than a fondness eo employ one's self; all depends on not be- ing ashamed tO ask of interiors, and under standing the feelings of human nature Uscfi.l Remark.--An In uncuItivated mind, Ia.a \ ..,slA Am