Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1828-1831, 1829-10-09
Etoa tss E,tioscl - ietlgs,oer.
PR ESE.N'r CRISIS IN TIE CONDITION OF
THE AMERICAN INDIANS
IHENNhLN
No. XII.

Tho nc%t treaty is unique IL its character; brt al
it, provisions arc ~ accordance Wa. tho principles
Of preceding comp,cts. II torcihiy illustrates the
cl.a:se the Condition and prospects of the Chero
KEGS Aghici ED then commenced and has been con
s.an;iy increasing.
1RhAIl m ruE c,ERoXBE AGENCY OR rIrrErNrH
coNrAcr WIN rnE oursokEEs.
9,Nc
Articles Of rr-3iy constituted the Cherokee Aeenc,
within ChcIokee Ea'n between Ma General Andrew
Jackson Joseph McNnn Gov of the State OF Tennessee
aud General David Nerive'cr Commissioners pcnpoen,iar
Head ale, o.d Wurors Of The Cherokee Na,on Fa, NJ ,b
Mississippi iiveT, aud the C,f Head Men aud Narro
al Che Cetokees the Arkansas their deputies
Juan Cniholm James Rodgers duy authorized by the
She!s Of the ChcoSees the Arkansas river open Couc
by Written power oi attorney, duly signed and executed pe
se'ec "fJoSop' SEWER and William Ware"
Here surely parties commissioners and agents
enough To make treaty, but tho preamble occipyiii.
an octave page and half Is still. more remarkable
4. declares, that in tho 1903, population tom
the Upper and Low Cherokee towns went to ash
ingtun that tie deputies from tho Upper Towns sig
niici to the President "t!cg anxious desire to en-
rare in the pursuit Of agriculture and civilized he
an he country ncy then orcS ed;" that tie Naiion q.
large did lot paItakc O. this desire; that TIE upper
Towns wished, therefore. for division Of lie co,l-
tfy. and the uSS auoEi 20 them OF the lands the
llrasSce; that, by thus Coa'rCCtlr. their society
within narrow 1i :, they proposed q ;n the esta6
i.tme7i II ,iEci lGn'S a.d reUir SJrsyr'nen th,l:
tIc Deputies from ;hc lover towns wished to pursue
tho hrnor life, and with t!is view to remove HcYoss
t.ic MISSISSIPPI; that tic President Of tie iai %!
Stutcs, "afeE niGturey considering the petitions Of
hoth parties wrote 10 them OIL tie Gtii Of .ouuarv
1899 Us io:lJws The United States nv c!!..G.sn
the friends nf both parties ai.i far a can BE-
Reasonably SEED they are wiling to satisfy Lc wish
OF both 'Ih - whv remain may be css.oed of oar
patronage oNr aid, and good ne{sh6o!hooG. those
who wish TO remove permit tod 10 send M exr,o-
ring party 20 reconnitre &c" That in the same ,a:-
ter, the President uddc!-:Whca the pa- shell
have found tract OF country suitinr the Ca.zral.ts
and ra ci.imed by other Indians. We VIII arrange
With them and you the exchange OF hat for Ius: For
80 81. 7.
lr"portioned to their numbers, they Aace n right"
ind that, il conclusion, Lee tOld the cniip-tiua Cher
ohecs that the United States would still consider
them as children" aud ''aipays sOidA iea ti.ys
GgN hind"
The preamble states further, that ,'the CAcrolcrs
relying oil the promises of the President Of tho hi
ted States, as above reci;ciN explored the cour'rv
West ottLe Mississippi, made choice ofaDG TO which
no other Indians had just claim, ana were deir: as
q making the proposed exchange Of country:
"Now, know ye,' concludes the preamble chat
the contracting parheS, TO carry into full effect the
before recited promises tcth good firth ana 10 mo.
mote continuation of friendship, &c. Sc. have
agreed and concluded on the following articles"
"ARr l. The Chiefs b-ad Men, and Warriors OF the whole
Cherokee Nation cede to tie u States al tine !ans . Soei
and East OF the following Boundaries The line here described
ef out considerable tract OF land VIII Oh fell Georgia
Arr The Cherokess also ccds certain lands ..y.i tl
in'p The Contra! parts OF Tennessee
AHT 8 census be taken with view n ascertain toe
nInSct Of Enisansi na the number Of Chco,cc, VIA
wish 10 ;e'noye across the ".>si'siPpi
AIR L. The annueS he civiaei b7vcen the remain IN.
and the emiqatns Chefokces, proo' l.ntegs
ARR 5. In consideration Of the lands ceicd la tie rs, and
second aIsc cs of this fTay, the q. States engage give u
Sa"iy OF land, acre ior aero, between the Arkansas
ond White rivers, within certain boundaries mcnoacd.
This article coscs Hi'h 'h, oSt rrlds: nt y is .isIsf
sR9ia'c that TIE ia,:e aSifSy1gi ,sigesn tie Cherokee
nth parts ofhc Nation both pats ,tg., Of en,, -
rnier the aforesaid rieates the United states %
':e boundaries a.S,ve nelned"
.Nr. The United Sraes % make H., corr, SATIN, er -,
Ia f,p heF
tve belonged 70 the eniisains Chegokcc aud finnish fat.
isitome1 boats arr provisions Hcir renloval
AEt Improvements land ceded the United State. IN
m FaiG Tor 10y te Ched States There plo7is also IN
:9 a:c.e, that the prof, improvements nrero, IN
Chcto.ess 80 "''" ''~' -"
Aur T. every head Of an Indian family re.id,r IN t
Huds ceed by the Cherokers ucatv snail he allowed
e-lon 81 ann, that is % provided I've wishes to ren,in
his land ifus ceied aud TO become ci;zen Of the ;nr5
safes he saal hold life e1,c Win s; Of dee 10 M
Niow and sh7l! leave IN. land in rg simple hia children
Arr. o gnh parties ~ enjoy free navisa. OF rivers
Arr. 20 rhc Cherokee Nation cees TO ,he Tinted States
certain small restrictions, without the present of the
AEe IL The boundary iiucs to be marked
am Il 20 whites 70 ener upon he iard' re'''f ill the
United STATES, aud duly promulgated"
AaT - The treaty 10 te IN ioTce soon thus ratified.
The Treaty signed the 3h Of July 1917 by ~ oey,g
icssov aud the other Commissioners aud y iIr one Ce
aud Warriors for the CheOkees ~ho expected remain East
"ftha Mississippi and fifteen Chiefs and Warriors o emf
eating Cherokee the presence of wnescs II va.
ratified by President Monroe aud the Senate.
Il would though the public affairs Of the
CiceTOkccS Illu DCe so ordered by Providence %
present the very strongest conceivable exhibition o
10 obigaionof treaties. II has usually been thought
that if single plain stipulation made between
two Nations, and duly ratified, this would bind the
parties. ! an now examining the fifteenth Urea
~ with tho CborokGcs, every ofwhich is perfect
~ consistent with every other and they al unite II
loading Ia the same conclusion. As ifthis were moi
efficient, the personal character and political oonsfs
tGncy Of our most prominent saesnen not only lcnc
their aid To- confirm these nl,iona comyact but arc
actually personi6ed, IT were, and embodied in the
TREATIES. 1t may nc doubted whether there is q
sIpilar Instance IN tDc annals Of mankind.
Gcn Washington. soon after the organization Of
orr National government laid the basis 81 our IN
relations, poi'ct Consistency Wi;h the ptinci-
''cs aud PRACTICE uf the early settlers and colonial
rulers. Mr.. Jtlcrsnu was q member q lis cnbinot
bnd doubflrse intimately conYcresnt with these fun.
dup"ntal measures. The i've first Presidents Of IT,,
United States madC tlent.cs With The Cbcrokccs, all
resting on the same acknowledged principles. Mr.
'aacrsvn. Tho third President, having purssed III,
Ivhcy Of Cen. Washington this subject with more