Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1828-1831, 1829-09-29
FROM tn National IafcL,gtnccy.
THE AMERICAN INDIANS.


No. X.
would content myself with saying, IN reference
to The remaining treaties that they are perfectly CON
slstent with the preceding were 1t not that TINS
sweeping declaration would by no means do Justice !
to the of the Indians. Several OF these tIea-
ties and striking illustrations OF me doc
trne that the Cherokees were understood to possess
their country IN full sovereignty.
FOURTH TELLiCo, OR SIXTH NATIONAL /
ooMPAcr-wITH rHE cHERoKEEs.
This treaty was executed October -, 1905 at the \
The place. by The same Commissioners and four
tecn OF the same Chiefs, and only two days after the
next preceding one The occasion oft is sufficient
ly explained IN the first article:
"Art. |. Whereas 1t has been represented by the !
one party to the other, that the section of land
which the garrison of Southwest Point stands, and
which extends to Kingston is likely to be desira- !
BILE place for the Assembly of the State of Tennessee
To convene at Ia committee from that body, IN
session. having viewed the situation, now, the Cher
okees, being possessed Of spirit IF concitiation and
seeing that TINS tract Is desired for public purposes
and for individual advantages, reSerUin me fer
ries TO Themselves. gut claim and cede the United
States the said section of land. understanding at the
same tune, THAT the buildings erected by the public
are to belong to the public, as well the occupation
Of the during the pleasure OF the Government
we also cede to the United States the first Island in
the Tennessee above the mouth Of the Cnch."
Art. ?. The Cherokees grant a mail road to the
United States, from Tcllco, TO the Tonlbgbce ito be
laid out by viewers appointed on both sides"
Art 8. "In consideration of the above ccs>ion and
yeinquisaDet the Unit I'd States agree to pay to the
said Cherokee Indians 600"
Art. 4.-The treaty to be obligatory when rati-
fed
Ratified by Mr.. Jefferson and the Senate.
Within year two past the Statesmen of Ceor.
gia have commended that the National Government
has no authorityto make treaties with Indians living
they describe the matter, within the limits of p
sovereign and independent State" Tho fact is that
the National Government is the only compel ent au-
thorty, under the Federal Constitution to enter in
70 any engagements with the Indian tribes which vet
retain their organization separate communities
and are acknowledged TO possess title to land with
in definite limits The Uniform practice of the Gov
ernment has accorded with these principles and
Georgia ersef has until very lately, been uroinu
Congress and the Executive TO hold treaties with the
Cherokee
How did the State of Tennessee understand this
subject Let the first article of the preceding trra-
ty answer. The Legislature of Tennessee, des-
fous of obtaining asite for the erection of BUILDINGS
accommodate their State government, sent n commit
tee to view the point, at the junction Of two beautiful
rivers, the Tennessee and the CEnch. The bounda-
ry as then stood, very this point; and the
State solicited square mile for the public object
above described The Chero&ees, out of a spirit of
conci ation and for 81 500 in money ceded the sec
ton OF land, with these NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. viz
that theywere to retain the ferries the seat of roy
eminent Of Tennessee; and that the grant was made
Tor public objects only. Of course the land youd 70
vert to the Cherokees if the scat of oruyarnn-ar+
should be removed As the Legislature afterwards
fixed the seat of Government farther West no uubEc
buildings erected at this place. Narrower
boundaries were subsequently established betwoenthe
United States and the Cherokccs but the ferries er
held for long time, if they now held bv as
signees of the Cherokees. Tine treaty was r5titnd
by President Jefferson and the Senate.
. Ims-whole transaction stf5Dgy Illustrates several
important POSITIONS which have beeSttos imp-
ed IN the preceding discussion, such as the inyola
plllty of the Cherokee terri orv; the r1ht of fha
Cheerokees to make withhold cesyio1s of land
according 10 their pleasure their right to irapose ,cb
RESTRICTIONS upon their grants as they pleased; and
me treaty making power of the United States be;ny
tEe only me 1i'im by whicha State can get a proper
'nie 20 indian territory.
TREATY OF WASHINGTON, OF TENTH covP. CT WITT,
CHERoKErs.
This treaty negotiated at WASHINGTON lam
airy 7, 1905, by Henry DearbOn, Secretary Of War
and seventeen Cherokee chiefs and warriors.
Inc object appears to have been TO adjust certain
clhms oil the CherOkoes and ChckasaUs to the same
lands, lying between the Tennessee river and Ouck
river, IN what is West Tennessee This wa,
done by obtaining accomplishment to the United
states OF AL the right, title, interest and claim
Vhlcn the Cherokces, or their nation, have CT ever
had, to The tract described, except that two rcserv
IONS OF small portions OF this tract made by the
Cherokees.
The United States give 10000 dollars. and ccr.
tain privileges IN consideration of the above rein
quishment.
The United States also agree to use their influence
70 nave a certain boundary established between fbe
GheTokees and ClIckasaws ON the South side of tho
Tennessee river; but is understood by the contrsc
ting parties, that the United States do not engage 10
nave the AFORESAID line or boundary established, but
only to PrecaH the ChtckLsuO nation 10 consent IN
ch line, Gs tie boundary bet,ceen the tsoo aatonsp
Here 1t Is implied in the strongest manner, that
The United Statos had Nc right encroach upon In
dian territory, or to fix boundaries between neiribor.
ing tribes; and that these tribes had, as seDqrale
artions, the unquestoned power to settle their own
boundaries.
Inc Government Of the United States was willing
however, to act the part of nedator in the adiust-
ment OF these boundaries -Ralfed By SIR. Jefferson
and the Senate.
TREATY or CHcKAsAw OLD Fields; OR ELEVENTH,
COMPACT WITH THE cHEaoREEs.
exc cd bv y
Ssmes Robertson OH the part. aud FIVE Cherokee
Chiefs on the other, September u IgO7
III was made TO 'elucidate' the next preceding trsa
~, ITO ascertain the real intention As to the bound
Lhe Cherokses were TO receive $4,000 for stleir req,
olness 10 place the limits NJ he tand cedI nut of all
00tt; and II was stipulated that 1.-THE Cherokee han.
tors as hath been the custom such cases nav hunt
on such eeded tract, until by the fitness OF settlers
shall become improper"