Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1828-1831, 1829-10-30
G1z q CONVENTION.
WEDNESDAY, OcronER 90.

tesoved itself into Committee OF the Whole Mr.
!. Il. BARBoUR III the Guar.
Mr.. UPStiUR then resumed his remarks. lie
expressed his Acknowledgements to the Committee
10 the indulgence he received yesterday-an ndul-
gcnee which he should not have claimed, had not ia
igue rendered il necessary. II might be prouer he.
fore he entered upon the topics which he had further
Tn urge, TO recaptudte the arguments which lie had
offered yesterday. lie would do this in us few words
as possible, and he was only induced do it, in order
to preserve their continuity in the minds of those vino
ruight choose so pay attention his observations
lie had commenced yesterday with tho broad pro.
POSITION. that there exists original, priori right
III tho majority 10 cOntroul the minoriy Il there DO
such, must either exist under some form of agree
pent, or must be referred u source prior TO ali no.
tcrnmcnts- As IL is not pretended that il is 10 he
found mshy form of agreement, he thought he had
demonstrated that II could not he a5cribed the OF,
or and higher source. HIS next proposition Uus
ihat if the tight bc derived from Conventional
agreement, II Is an agreement of those upon
whom a. Is to operate, and could be looked for
III no other He had also admitted rs a
general proposition, or ii gentlemen pleased an alb
stract proposition il safe rule i'm some cases
tuat majority should govern. lie wished to be per-
itcd TO remark, that the doctrine subsequently, con-
tended for, that property should control did moi vio
late this proposition This might seem paradoxical.
bnt he thought was perfectly susceptible of proof
lie had asked the question: to what time the rue nj
majority applied. IL it applied tn government otter
II WAS enthusiastically after majority determined
now majority should be aSceriained and oil what
materials 1t should consist. II we fix that propcitv
y.
III the practical operutons of Government there il
no necessity to bring property and representation IN
connect. IL becomes necessary To adopt some fixed
.nu Pc'"aheh. RUE, ana to apply 1t Us mny be best
'or the Interests OF the Whole. lie considered uu,-
rites 81 e. where the property of Country stood on
basis Of equality. and where there is an identity of
interests amongst all, aud whrte the greater the ma
iory the gre iter the union of interests. But where
there is n" identity of ihterest-o sancness of pro-
perty-n such state of things, his admission that
majority wns safe did not apply His proposition
a. thnf f..,r, q, e.
plicable only TO particular state Of things and not
I'D that which Is the opposite. Ike had endeavored 10
prove that was Just and necessary rule govern
spent that property should be protected. Let. Be-
il IS constituent element of society and no So
ciefy can exist without IL; and because without its
CsSistancc, the machine of government could not
move OH inch. 2d. Because Ill the operations OF 90
NerniDent the iuot numerous and interesting class
al subjects which call for legislation, arise out of pro-
Pcrty. Therefore, that property ought 10 receive
some protection Is one OF The fundamental rules OF
the government o. which IT Is part. lie would
further enlarge upon his idea and would then present
the topics he Intended To discuss yesterday.
II was worth enquiry, what the principal
o. the causes which induced these States, vixen Colo
mics, tn shake off the yoke of EngnnK What was
&c subject If complaint wch most loudly he I'd
and which caused every heart to swell with iniirna.
ton? That the Colonies were taxed wi hont repre-
sentHhon. Tie doctrine was then established, and
gas contcnded for here and throughout the utmost
extent of the United Stales, at all haza rds 10 life,
a,d property that taxation and representation must
30 together. IL considered oppression of the
worst kind that the people should not be allowed n
voice in representation, but should be taxed at plea
sure. II was considered oppression in the relations
III whic these Colonies stood to England is II not
equally 50, when exists between ourselves, III The
principle be Just one, that those who are taxed ought
10 have voice in the representation Il 10 n principle
which applies here as well as 1t did there. This then
~ the pro econ which property claims and which il
has always enjoyed IN every wise and lasting govern
ment. Why? " hen you tax an individual what
rule do you adopt You regulate the tax by tho
ability of HE individual 70 pay.
u may indced be regulated by tho extent of his
property; but who can osccrtaIn his ability 10 nav
81 well AZ the tax payer HIMSELF What right has c
~no owns no farm, slbve, description o. proper.
", who pays no taX-to to the man of propert
you own lands und slaves aud ought to contribute n
thousand dollars towards the expenses of the govern
InenR To such presumptuOus observation would
you not truly reply, you know nj what cost of la
hJr and property derive an income from the soil;
You little know how small that income s--you, who
have proposed that ! should pay thousand dol.
Iafs TO The State, will be surprised to learn that my
properly does not yield hall that valuc'-Evory prin
cP'eo justice and propriety require that the indi
NIdual should estimate lis own ability. No one can
tel what property Is worth but the individual pos
sessing -ho one can tell what individual should
pay put nc VINO KNOWS tho value of his property. III,
HNo xnoMs nor tne value may impose a tax beyond
the aDhIy Oi the individual 10 paw and then ma
become tho interest of that individual m snryonc,
Is property Is not this the view WHICH is tho ros
distinct impressve'-How can tho enyrscl vnIue
VI P'oPI' oo K'o"h uhesS you ask him who 70
ceives tho protection aud who owns the ornn.r,y o.
lie maintained Ia this principle was The crrtcc
one, and one which must be intcfwovon into Tho az
ganizaton of the government lie asked # thor,
vas any scheme on the table, recognizing universe
suffrage IfpersOns only arc To be looked To-. ,oh,
Is not this principle Acknowledged why not admit
the pauper to an equality Of political rights He n
aperson aud has strictly speaking personal right.
equal to any other man. He may commit tho Same
offences as another and is anenable To the Same
punishment--why has he not right to voter The
reason is this that tho right to vote gives him
controlling influence over property, and such an inf
cnce Is not safe In the hands OF those WIN have No
stake the government. five fix basis OF whit,
population, what prevents gentleman from caflrinn