The Massachusetts spy, and Worcester County advertiser. [volume] ([Worcester, Mass.]) 1825-1831, 1829-09-23
FOURTH TREATY WITH rHr cHEROKrEs.

on the Goth of June, 1874, by Henry Knox for
the United States, and thirteen chiefs for the
Cherokees.
After preamble, which states that the trea-
ty of Holston had "not been fully carried int
execution by reason Of some msunderstand-
ings," and that the parties were =" DESTROYS of
re-estabishing peace and friendship"
Art. 1st declares, " that the said treaty OF
Holston is, to all intents and purposes, In full
force, and binding upon the said parties, as well
in respect to the boundaries therein mentioned,
as tn all other respects aohatever.'
Art. I'd stipulates, that the boundaries shall
be ascertained and marked, whenever the Cher
>okees shall have ninety days notice.
cart g. The United States, to evince their
justice by amply compensating the said Chero-
,kee Nation Of Indians for relinquishments of
land" made by the treaty of Hopewell and the
treaty of Holston,' agree to give the Cherokees,
in lieu of former annual payments, $4,000 a
year, in goods.
Art. 4. The Cherokees agree that $50 shall
be deducted from their annuity for every horse
stolen by any Of their people from the neighbor-
ing whites.
Art. 5. These articles to be permanent addi-
tons TO the treaty of Holston, as soon as ratif-
ed They were soon after ratified.
1t has appeared, in the course of this discus
sion, that the treaty with the Creeks, in 1890,
was the basis of the treaty of Holston in 1871.
This was confirmed in 1899, and again, express
ly and solemnly, in 1894 Thus we have four
distinct documents, which received the appro-
baton of General Washington, and his cabinet,
all agreeing in the same principles. and al rat
flied by the Senate of the United States. Sew
eral other treaties. in which the same princi-
pies were involved, were formed with other
tribes of Indians, during the same administra-
ton. In one of these, the United States en-
gage. that they 'aciH neueT claim the lands re-
served to the Indians : but that the Indians
shall have the free use and enjoyment there,
pie of the United States
FIFTH TREATY, OR TREATY OF TELLIco.
This treaty was signed " near Tellico, on
Cherokee Ground Oct. 9, 1898, by Thomas
Butler and George Walton, Commissioners of
the United States, and thirty-nine Cherokee
Chiefs and Warriors, in the presence of Sias
Dinsmoor, Agent of the United States among
the Cherokees, and thirteen other witnesses,
among whom was the late Mr.. Charles Hicks,
who acted as interpreter on the occasion.
The treaty begins with long preamble, stat
ing the reasons why it was necessary to make
another treaty; and among the reasons are
these two clauses viz: " for the purpose of
doing justice to the Cherokee Nation Of IN
dams :" and " in order to promote the interest
and safeig Of the said States"
Art. l. Peace renewed and declared per-
petual.
Art 2. The treaties subsisting between the
parties in full force together 10Th the con-
struction and usage under the respective arti-
cLeS; and so to continue
Art. 8. Limits TO remain the same, where
not altered by the present treaty"
Art. 4. The Cherokee Nation &C. do hereby
relinguish and cede to the United States all
the lands within the following points and lines"
[Here follows a boundary, by which consid-
cradle district of land, in East Tennessee, was
ceded to the United States.
Art. 5. The line described in The treaty to
be marked Immediately. Z" which said line shall
form part of the BOUNDARY bettceen the United
States and the Cherokee Nation
Art. G. In consideration of the preceding
cession, the United States agree to paw $1,000
on signing, and 81 900 annually, in addition To
previous stipuations of this kind g and toiil
continue the guaranty of the remainder of their
country for eper, as made and contained in for
meT treaties
Art. 4 A road granted by "the Cherokee
Nation" across a small corner oftheir country,
to the citizens of the United States: and in
consideration of this grant, the Cherokees are
TO be permitted to hunt and take game upon
the lands reiinqaished and coded by this trea.
ty,'' until settlement shall make such hunting
improper.
Art. s. Due notice to be given Of the pay.
ment of the annual stipends, and the United
States to furnish provisions for reasonable
number of Chs okees, who shall assemble or
these occasions.
Art. 9. Horses stolen from Cherokees by
whites TO be paid for by the United States; and
horses stolen from whites by Cherokees. to be
paid for by deduction from the annuity.
Art 10. The Agent of the United States
residing among the Cherokees to have a sufi
cient piece of ground allotted "Jor his tempo
rGTy use"
Lastly, this treaty to " be carried into effect
on both sides ,oah all good faith.
The treaty was ratified soon after by Presi
dent Adams, and the Senate Of the United
States.
few remarks on this treaty may not be
improper.
The words ceds, nation, and guaranty, are
used in the same sense here, as in the treaty OIL
Holston, seven years before. During the in
terval the Government of the United State:
had been frequently employed in making trea
ties with numerous tribes of Indians; and it il
safe to say, that in no period of our natural his
tory, was the meaning of public documents
more thoroughly weighed, or the tendency
and ultimate effect of public measures more Sc
riously considered; and the world may be
challenged to produce example of the ad
ministration Of Government over an extern
sive territory, and over a people in new, va
rious, and complicated relations, in which few
or mistakes, either theoretical or practical
were made than during the administration o.
General Washington
The parties were so careful Of the inviolabil
ity and integrity ofthe Cherokee territory, thai
the use of a short road, in the Northern ex
tremity of that territory, (now in the State Of
r Kentucky,) at great distance from the actual
residence Of the Chefokees generally. was made
the ground of a solemn treaty stipulation, anc
an equivalent was given for it. Nay, more, the
Agent of the United States, residing among
the Cherokess to distribute the annual pal
ments, 10 encourage the natives in agriculture
and manufactures, and to execute the treaties
10 other respects, could not claim even the tenn
Of Ia for xarAa