Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1829-03-30

element. scarcely any tHCutnstantf WIZ"
nov lend more IN esaittha character Of An'e'
ica, than that Of uniting its endeavors 20 bring
I'D the arrears of civilization, as applied 10 the
ocean, 10 the same f,rSafd pom Winch u las
attained on the land. and thus r.adering men
aud their properly secure against all human
injustice aud violence, leave ihcm elposod On
" TO the action ri those siorms aud disasters,
suiiciently perous, which are eompreheod"d
/ the di.pensaiions of Providence
Il is under fhe in1uene. Of these. aud sin'l-
lar considerations. tina you aill hr'"s hr~aIu'
u, the contemplated Congress, the ptop ',ii'b'i
10 abolish var araidst private property aud
aon-conbatanfs npon The ocean. Private P'".
nerty OF en- enemy IS protected when on land
from seizure ard rdnhseauon. Those Who do
not bear arms there are not disturbed in their
vacations Why should not ilIr same humane
exemptions be extended 10 the sea II mer.
ehsndise In \ war .house an shore remains un'
tnoiesled, nmldst fhs ravages af modern war 4,
can any enpd reason hr as.lrnc1 Tor allowing the
same net ohand,se. when trans ifrrcd 90 n ship
which is praccahlY Navigating the Dream, 10 he
an ohjeci oil legitimate capture and condemnn.
ton II artisans aud husbandn,ea are per
united. without hindrance, ~ pursue th,m re-
spectiye caiings. why should not the not lc IS
usriui mariners bc allowed peaccshly to dis.
chAuges, Tor the common benefit II in.nk nj ?
THIS has hren n object whica the Ihiici
states have had muna n heart, ever since
,h'y nssum i ten place imlns the nations
Moe thin forfy years aru. DR. Franklin. one
Of their m 81 snlig hened aud essfnl niuis.
l>fers thus expressed himself: " II is time u
Is high iinr. Tor the sake OF humanity. that =
stop were put IN this epoimiy. The UIitrd
States Of america, though b.itrr situated than
my EIrepean nainn IL nuke pro6t by p,iva.
feetins, are, ~ f'r Ms IN thrm lies, spdes-
voring TO abolish ihe pr en-. ~ Offering. IL
all the sfreaties with oihrr 2 ,wers, M article
gaging ,olsmny tha', In case of future var,
10 privaicrr shnli br commissioned on either
sid. aud thai unaf,ned merchant ships, on
bo'h ides. shall pursn. their voyages unmoles.
ted. This wi bta happy Improvement ot The
law Il naiions. he humane aud HE Just can
npi but VI general success, 10 the prpposiiio ion a"
What tn sagacious farecas Of that illusirinus
man enabled him 10 anticipate N that early
fay ofoaf naiionai existence, has been fully
"pniirmed in our ,ubs qasnt progress. We are
better situated than any athrr nation, ahi in
hr went a. war. W ~" nav anp'c mraus 10
ennble u 10 mike profit by privncrring bu,.
faithful 10 our principles. ~ no9 oiI;r, in our
inaiurer aah strong conJriun, the same slip.
ualions winch ~efs offered by Franklin an q.
ihcr Ame eau mgoiaors, but which nigh,
ihrt have bren atiribgi II o on iIfancy sud
weakness.
II. by tie r 10 non cons Mt OF a'ions. PRIV
property OF the oeenn "as ~ iougrr liable Ia
cnptn \. lnWfal prize Of wa, the principle
that fee sbps should make frce goods would
'ise u mpaitlnoe, by being merged IN the
more liberal anl extensive rule. But, Judging
hon tiit slow progress of civilization ~ taopo
riii"t, IN the praaiier. 1T VA aud the ltnac
" " III winch power ever lug 10 advantages
which II ,noeses ITSELF n possess, IL woui be
los ,nuf h TO indulge any yer, sangunc hope OF
speedy, nniv.r.sl coacurl cncc IN n total
exemption ofsll private property from cap'me
some m ions may b. prepasrd - admit the
limited. who would withhold their assent from
the more comprehensive principles. You " H.
therefore, aiso propose The adoption oftbr rule
Th'i Zee ships shhli make FREQ goods aud IT,
converse, That inimieal ships eh,ll make mi.
m'cal good. The one seems necessarily 20
inflow from THE oiher, and in theft practical an.
piicaiion there IS s.mplicit, and certainty N
b ,ih, which strongly racomm nj teem To zen
n n adoPiinn. Both operate IN favor Of neu
Tal''y, aud thus present n ncv dIgmsite to
Nations fon rnsly engag ~ IN var. Il will
nrcur, ni course. 10 Nnu, 10 insert n prov is on
restricting the operation Of lhrsr lrincir 90
hose nations which shall agree TO observe
{ 'rm.
YOU will propose definition u blockade.
The experience Of thu tniird Std'es aud TINT
~ some of the new American nations short ms
M, BEEN the term OF their IN stencr, alike midi.
cate the utility OF PLAIN aud ,utclliciblc de-.
scrtptipn Of the facts which constitute a leriti.
uiais lotkade. The want of such u drGnition
has been the principle cau,r at any di1icud,es
winch AaSe arisen lrtsecn them aud tile rait,d
states. The belieerenl interest il TO extend
Ihe neutral 10 contract, as mnch as possible
the range ola biuckade. The buigelcn in.
iercsi is 70 nsisl upon the smallest possible, that
vi TIE neutral upon the largest prsct c able.
amount Of lofer. To give validity to the block
abe. In thi, conn ct af opposite professions.
as the b Il &C cit has arms Ia his hands. rndy
- support his, the neutral generally suffers
The besi security against abuses on eiihcI side
is II cear defiaiiion which. 10y present., Q cir
cum>taucek notorious in their nature aud cha
facier. admits of IN controversy among those
who have proper sen'e Of justice, ani eater
tain u mutual regard for their respective rights
0u VII iind in the treaty vi h Co onhia. and
that With the Central Republic, recently conclu.
ded aud ratified here. tcop,ts Of both uf which
are hcrewi.h) a Definition of Ill ,cka.le which
may he proposed anl saiplv followed In the
snnIe treaties are al,o can ained articles sun.
plyhg n list If contiahand. aud sev.ral other
articles having r.feieace a state Of war. IN
v hich the con facing parties nav be hcIliyer
cut or neutral. rs the case may b., all ofVhich
you ATE authorized TO propose. IL connexiou
With this interesting subj, , you are firni.h he'd
auiong the accompany ing documents. vim a |
letter from my predecessor, under date the oSth |
Iuly. 1879, add 10 Mr.. Rulh, Minister of
the Unned states AT LonJon. with the draft of
articles Cor treaty Which he was authorized 10
propose 10 Great Britain. They may G,ciIi ale
your labors. The articles. having bcen pre-.
pared with much consideration. may serve as
models for any that may be agreed on at the
Congress, uPoa corresponding topics. II /,
hardly necessary, 10 add, that this recent cxpe
rimea' With Great Britain, like all others
which preceled 1t, proved abo,live.
Among TIE most important objects which are
likely 10 Engage the attention of the Congress
is thai OF en'lraso'ing 10 liz some general ~, in
ciplis OF intercourse. applicable TO all the Pow.
ers OF America, Tor the mutual regulation of