Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1828-1831, 1829-08-22

Austria ~O11u not receive Count Il Armiled sent oy
Sweden.
There three grades of foreign Ministers, distin
gushcd by tho manner OF their reception, and the va
rious ccremonials to which thcy are entitled
!. The first grade of Ministers is composed of
ihose who represent the State or Sovereign, that
sends them and they have claim to all the bonors
that their constituent would be entitled to were he
present. These are
lst The Popes Legdte a or &c idtere.
Cd. The Popes .Naat'o.
Sd. Ministers sent with the character of .1mbds.
sddorS.
II. Ministers of the second grade do not repre-.
sent their State Sovereign, Indeed none but those
of the first grade do;) they only charged to carry
ON m the name OF their government all negotiations
between the two countries Of this number are,
LIST. The Enroy Extraordinary and Minister Pisn-
ipoieniiary.
2d. The Minister Pienipo,cntiary.
Sd. The Pope's fnierhu,icio.
Ill. Ministers of the third grade differ from those
OF the second only in the ceremonial of their recep
ton. They may be classcd i'll the following man
nCr:-
LIST. Munster Resident.
Cd Minister Charge d.96aires.
Sd. Charge d.iftres.
The ceremonial to which Charge d. Aff,,ires may
be entitled il not fixed; it depends upon the usarcs
of the several courts or governments, at which they
reside; they have crcdentia letter for the sovc-
reign, or head OF the government, and only ac-
credited by letter To the Secretary OF State ur hcI
of the Department of Foreign Relations: we must
not however, confound them, with the Charge d'Ai.
flares al interim, who frequently only present cd
verbally by their Minister at his departure
The relative rank that each foreign Minister is on
titled IN the country where he resides strange as it
may appear plain republicans, has been matter
of great cont Oversy; it was, however finally settled
| at the Congress OF the allied powers assembled at
Vienna IN 1915, that each member of the Diplomat c
body should take rank in his grade at the court or
government to which he accredited ACCORDING 10
the date of the official notification of his arrival
which arrangement mas been since tacitly acuulrscI
lii ny all other nations
The Secretary OF Enjdssy, or Of LEGATION is under
the orders of the Minister; he is only appointed Ia
missions of the first and second grade; his person is
inviolable, and he is entitled to all the imnni,ies of
the Minister, because of his public character aS
we'll account hs being attached 20 the suite
Of the Minister.
A Consul cannot be considered Diplomatic 4geai.
he does not enjoy the privileges of such; he has no
crrdcntal letter he is only the bearer of provision
al letter. and he can only in his official capactv
after having obtained ereguai,u or confirmation
OF his appointment from the government of the coun
try where ne is reside. Consuis to the Powers of
Barbay form exception, and the only ones that
accredited and treated rs Ministers.
The public Ministers of the United States have
generally been men o: great ability. Franklin and
Jefferson would dc honor any age and 10 any conn
try. The knowledge requisite Tor one is not howev
er, to be acquired by intuition; like every other
knowledge, II Is only TO be obtained nv study and
perience; and ii must be admitted that occasion .lly
blunders have been committed by ignorant and in.
competent persons.
.Ncic York, June 1899.