The Massachusetts spy, and Worcester County advertiser. [volume] ([Worcester, Mass.]) 1825-1831, 1829-10-21
From the National Lnteligemcer.
CRISIS IN THE CONDITION
OF THE AMERICAN INDIANS
NO. XII.

NO. XII.
The next treaty is unique in its character :;
but all its provisions are in accordance with the
principles of preceding compacts. 1t forcibly
illustrates the change in the condition and pros
poets Of the Cherokees which had then COM
menced and has been constantly increasing.
TREATY OF THE CHEROKEE AGENCY, OR FIJI
TENTH COMPACT WITH THE cHERoKEEs.
Title.
Articles of a Treaty concluded at the Cher
okee Agency within the Cherokee Nation, be-
tween Major Gen. Andrew Jackson, Joseph
McMinn, Governor of the State of Tennessee,
and Gen. David Meriwether, Commissioners
Plenipotentiary the United States of America
of the one part, and the Chiefs, Head Men, and
Warriors of the Cherokee Nation, East of the
Mississippi River, and the Chiefs, Head Men,
and Warriors of the Cherokees on the Arkan-
sas River, and their Deputies, John D. CHS
holm and James Rodgers, duly authorized by
the Chiefs of the Cherokees on the Arkansas
River, in open Council, by written power of
attorney, duly signed and executed, in presence
of Joseph Sewer and William Ware"
Here, surely, are parties, commissioners, and
agents enough to make a treaty; but the pre-
amble occupying an octave page and half, is
still more remarkable 1t declares, that in the
year 1908, deputation from the Upper and
Lower Cherokee towns went to Washington !;
that the deputies from the Upper towns signifi-
ed to the President their anxious desire to
engage IN the pursuit of agriculture and civil
lied life IN the country they then occupied p
that the nation at large did not partake Of this
desire; that the Upper towns wished, there
! fore, for division of the country, and the as
sgnment to them of the lands on the Hiwassee
that, "by thus contracting their society within
narrow limits, they proposed to begin the cs-
Enlistment Of fred laos and a regular gOc-
ernment that the deputies from the Lower
towns wished to pursue the hunters life, and
with this view to remove across the Mississippi;
that the President of the United States, cater
maturely considering the petitions of both par.
ties" wrote to them on the 9th jan, 1909, as
! follows: "The United States, my children,
are the friends of both parties and, as far as
can be reasonably asked, they are willing 20
satisfy the wishes of both. Those who remain
good neighbOrhoOd. Those who wish to re-
move, are permitted te send an exploring party
to reconnoitre," &c. That in the same letter
the President added" When the party shall
have found tract of country suiting the emf
grants, and not claimed by other Indians, we
will arrange with them and you, the exchange
of that, for just portion of the country they
leave, and to a part of which, proportioned to
their numbers, they hare a right !" and that
in conclusion, he told the emigratns Chero-
KEGS, that the United States would still con-
slider them eur children" and "al,cays hold
them firmly by the hand
The preamble states further, that "the Cher.
okees relying ON the promises of the President
of the United States, as above recited," ex.
plored the country west of the Mississippi
made choice of land to which no other Indians
had a just claim, and were DESTROYS of making
the proposed exchange Of country;
Now, know ye,' concludes the preamble
"that the contracting parties TO carry into fnl
effect the before recited promises ,oith gOo0
faith, and to promote a continuation of friend
ship" &c. &c. have agreed and concluded
on the following articles
cart. |. The Chiefs, Head Men, and War
riors of the whole Cherokee Nation, cede t.
the United States all the lands lying north ant
east of the following boundaries :" 1.-THE line
here described left out a considerable tract O
land, which Cell into Georgia.
Art. 9 The Cherokees also cede certain
lands which fell into the central parts of Ten
nessee.
to ascertain the number Of emigrants that is
the number of Cherokoes who wish to remove
across the Mississippi.
Art. d. The annuties 10 be divided between
the remaining and the emigrating Cherokees
in proportion to their numbers respectively.
Art o. In consideration OF the lands cede(
in the first and second articles of this treaty
the United States engage to give an eQua
quantity OF land acre for acre, between III,
Arkansas and White Rivers, within certain
boundaries mentioned
This article closes with tho following words
lUAnd il in further STIMULATED that the ,rastia