davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Lancaster gazette. [volume] (Lancaster, Mass.) 1828-1830, 1829-01-27

.t nr to the Gazette,
~. aU' Advertisements, or any
',s, ,,ri through them will re-
rDrpn0vErGENT.
AD REPORT.
he Board Of Directors Of
uen,s, on the practical
ucg Of a railroad from
I,dson River, and from
nce, was yesterday sub
l,ture, together with the
ipeers employed by the
the results Of their sur
/. To prevent the delay
,erwiise have arisen in
IN before the Legislature,
,een printed under the
bard Of directors, togeth-
plans exhibiting all the
/ the Providence route,
eys on the western route,
biting the surface Of the
ule, on which the esti-
estern road are made.
ong, making in all about
/, and those of the en-
]. F. Baldwin, and j.
in detail the distances
the principal lines sur
sulsr estimates of the cost
railroad, on the plan de-
routes selected by the
as presenting the great
the directors begins by
I'D ofrailroad which, from
climate, the convenience
lterials, the comparative
/ to be made of the road,
b. 1t proceeds to give
sOf the degree of loco
Bich will be necessary, on
is described, to move
weight, on a level, and on
|ees Of inclination. Some
! made to show in what
grounds to be passed in
/, present an obstacle to
PADS, on the most favoura-
tan be selected for the
EXPLANATION Of the modes
|stscle may be surmount-
suggested as the most
|ently practicable, is that
road on the line of the
|lination which can be Sc
|pense Of some increase of
RplOying on all the higher
additional number of
required on the more level
J. The greatest inclina-
Of the principal line sur
lon to Albany, is at the
3 the mile, requiring on
Is Double the number of
aglven load, which are
more level parts /; and the
e is 1873 miles, or about
Ionger than the shortest
ed The other mode sug-
adopting a course more
ing water power, or other
on inclined planes, to be
eepest inclinations. 1t is
lrther inquiries and esti-
to Judge of the
later mode, but that the
zen adopted as that on
sent estimates have been
Inmates are thought fully
Ie the legislature to Judge
lOf building the railroad,
before this ques-
termined, it is thought
superfuous.
to describe the
elected by the directors
y a railroad from Boston
l'er, presenting the most
9 Tor a road, and suited
!, me greatest population
ms route passes through
'rlllngheld, and terminates
distance is 1913 miles, of
e Re level, and in travelling
u IL miles are descend
l Y an ascent not exceed
llle, % miles have an as
rates from 26 to So feet
remaining "a miles an
ieet per mile. In travel
70 Boston, 80 1-2 miles
40 l-2 ascending not
per mile, 81 10 ascend
= ieet per, mile and %
10 % feet. Eight tons
considered an average
morse on the level parts,
ing not over 26 feet per
y or 20 miles per day ;
us ascending from % to
! ~ miles per day as
] the same distance
: ! parts ascending 50 to
y at the rate last men,
!. sna' the cost of transpor-
! " tolls, for heavy good:
y 'a'ss Of freight. viii be
Lancaster gazette. [volume] (Lancaster, Mass.) 1828-1830, 1829-01-27

There were strawberries on the table at
the Dinner at New York, in honour of Gen.
Jackson, 9Th inst. They were from Mr..
Parmentisr's hot house, BrookiyS, LII. p
Lancaster gazette. [volume] (Lancaster, Mass.) 1828-1830, 1829-01-27

er freight, when carried by land. and a
higher rate of toll. All articles also. CON-
veyed to or from the intermediate places,
could well bear much higher rate of
toll, than those which are carried from one.
extreme to the ether, because the accom-
mediation tothose places is greater. The
cost OF transportation by water. from
Springfield to Boston or New-York is
greater, and will be, even when the En-
held locks are completed, than from Alba
ny to Boston. The cost by the railroad
will not exceed half this amount. and
consequently all articles brought upon il
from the Connecticut River to Boston. NAV
pay double the toll above mentioned and
the cost of conveyance will still be less
than the lowest rate of freight BY water.
Timber, hrewood, and the most bulky de-
scriptions of agricultural produce NAV be
brought upon railroad. and well afford
to pay the highest rates of toll here men
toned. VIZ. cent mile per ton.
The next subject to be considered. is
ithe adaptation of the proposed railroads
TO the conveyance of passengers. 1t is
well understood that horses when travel
ling rapidly, are capable Of exerting upon
the load much less degree of moving
power than when travelling slowly. To
avoid resistance TO the motion of the load
therefore, by means of smooth and le-
vel surface, is the more important, in pro-
portion to the increased cost of the power
necessary for overcoming it. The resist
ance to the motion Of a carriage on a rail-
road, whether from friction or gravity, is
no greater when the motion is rapid, than
when 1t is slow, and there will be no OBJ
stacle to travelling on it fast, at least, as is
practicable in stage coaches, on the very
best roads. Computing on the principles
adopted in the foreign calculations, it will
be found that an active horse may travel
IL or IL miles day, at the rate of 9
miles an hour, including the necessary
stops, and drawing with force equal to
raising weight of % lbs. This power
would be sufficient to draw on a railroad
of the description above supposed, a
weight of 2 l-2 tons, or carriage with
~ passengers, with their baggage. On
this assumption, the estimate of cost in
transporting passengers, by the railroad,
between Boston and Albany, if provided
with stationary powers will be as follows !:
lS horses travelling ls or ISM each at so cts IS 90
men and carriage, 800
ara. S1IO
Aou oo per cent so
Eor ~ passengers, Sl6 50
For each passenger, 50 IL cents
Or If we suppose the road to be con-
structed without stationary powers, two
horses will be required instead of one on
those stages which include the steepest
parts OF the road to the number perhaps
of six additional horses, in which case the
estimate will be
Lancaster gazette. [volume] (Lancaster, Mass.) 1828-1830, 1829-01-27

The exact inclination, the length ofthe
several sections, the quantity of earth to
be removed in graduating, and of bridges,
walls, and culverts, are exhibited in de-
tail in the report of the engineer. The
various inclinations are also exhibited, in
the profile view of-the surface of the
ground, annexed to this report.
By adding the distance, at different
rates of inclination between the Western
border of the State and Albany, as OBJ
tanned from the survey Of 1897, we find
that the character of the route between
Boston and Albany, will be as follows.
In travelling from Boston to Albany, the
parts of the roads which are
Lancaster gazette. [volume] (Lancaster, Mass.) 1828-1830, 1829-01-27

DO. do. 81 to 80 do. "a
ntravelling from Albany to Boston the road will be
Miles.
DESCENDING bsysf, % 5S
feet, 45l-s
Do. do. 26 to 50 do. 81 l-4)
Do. do. s. to so do. 27s4} 40 miles,
1t is easy to calculate, what degree Of
power will be required, to travel, with
loads of a given weight, on every part OF
a railroad so constructed. The princi-
pies above stated will afford all the data
for this calculation. The power of steady
exertion, of a single horse has been esti-
mated TO be equivalent to that required
for moving 10 tons on level railroad,
including also all inclinations not exceed
ing 26 feet in mile. This estimate sup
poses 2240 lbs. to the ton. five exclude
quarter for the weight of carriages, there
will remain 1880 lbs. for the load. For
greater safety in the calculation, We will
suppose the load for single horse, ex-
elusive of wagons, to be 10000 lbs. or s
tons, by the statute of this Commonwealth.
Two horses therefore with single driver
would be sufficient to conduct several
carriages, conveying Is tons, on all the
level and descending parts of the road
and also on the parts ascending, at rate
not exceeding 26 feet in mile. On the
portions ascending above % feet in mile,
if stationary powers are not provided, ad-
ditional horses will be required, except
where the excess is slight and for short
distances. In temporary exertion, such
as horses travelling with heavy loads, on
common roads, are always required to
make in passing hills, the power of the two
horses would be competentro draw the
sixteen tons over ascents of 40 or 50 feet
to a mile. But to save the strength of
the horses, and to maintain convenient
rate of speed it would be expedient to
provide additional horses, at least on all
the portions of any considerable extent,
where the inclination exceeds 26 or 30
feet. On the parts of the road inclining
from 26 to 80 feet, measuring 80 miles
between Boston and the New York line,
and about 46 miles between Boston and
Albany, one additional horse would be
sufficient. On the inclinations from So
to 80 feet, two additional horses, or dou.
Lancaster gazette. [volume] (Lancaster, Mass.) 1828-1830, 1829-01-27
|,rsr TUESDAY, BY
.g'nInR a s. CO,
CnrR. MASS.

sTER,
:, aurum-or one dollar Dc
/: r. lid in advance. If not
! ,f prg the expiration of the
ss.nicuously inserted three
onSP per square less than a
aS y S, and continued a longer
insertion.
LANCASTER GAZETTE
!. Leominster.
.,g,sG, Sterling.
.,,rR, Bolton.
4 i. Lunenburg.
/ ,,med above as Agents are
descriptions sr to the Gazette,
'E aDs' Advertisements, or any
,x,, ward through them will re-
Lancaster gazette. [volume] (Lancaster, Mass.) 1828-1830, 1829-01-27

tldue HIS estimates OF the cost OF CONSTRUCT
ing the road. These are stated in detail
in his report.
According to these estimates, the average cost per
mile Of forming the road GO feet in width from Bos
ton to the border of the State of New-York nclud-
ing the excavation, entertainments, walls, bridges,
cuiverts, and other work preparatory to laying the
stone foundations will be CAIRO 06
Iron for rails, with bolts, per mile, in
cludlng four passings from one track to
the other and back, $685. o4
Rail stone, including the quarrying
carting, hlmmering, laying, drilling, and
putting on the iron, per mile, 5000 80
Digging trenches, carting stone, laying
wall to support the rail stone, and gravel
ling horse paths, per mile, S2,164 80
gl4,94o 10
If we add to this amount ten per cent,
to cover the cost of further surveys, super
intendence, and unforeseen contingencies,
the whole estimate will be SIG, 434 II per
mile. At this rate, the cost of making
the road from Boston to the border Of the
State OF New-York, on the line which
forms the basis of the estimates, would be,
So 638. CPS o., and of carrying Il to the
CITY Of Albany, IS ,254,S76 46.
1t has been the desire Of the engineer.
as well as of the directors, that the esti-
mates should be such as will cover the
cost of the work under all probable con-
tIngences, and as may therefore be relied
on as representing the utmost cost likeIy
to be incurred. No particular estimate
has been made of the cost of the land
damage to private property the cost of
fences, and of stone in the quarry. As
surances have been given, generally, that
no claim will be made for damages or
compensation, for land or fencing. Some
attempts were made to obtain formal re-
leases, but it was found difficult to accom-
pllsh this object, to any considerable ex-
tent. before the final location of the road.
The amount of damage will be small, and
there is reason to believe that, in most
cases, none will be claimed. Whatever
it may be, the allowance often per cent.
included in the estimate, it is presumed.
will be sufficient to cover it, with all 9TH
er contingencies.
The inclination of the different parts
of the road, from Boston to the border of
the State, as it is laid out for the estimates.
is as follows:
Level, miles. in IL uneoual sections
Inclining from ID
fo0 G.
Lancaster gazette. [volume] (Lancaster, Mass.) 1828-1830, 1829-01-27


the cost, exclusive 81 tolls, at which heavy
articles, paying the lowest rates Of freight,
and Of which it may be presumed there
will in general be sufficient quantity to
employ the regular carriers, so that not
much loss may be sustained from want of
freight. These rates are perhaps lower than
the cost of Transportation on any Of the ca
nails in this country, and lower than the
average rates on the railroads in Great
Britain; but very little lower, as will
presently be shown, that the rates charg-
ed for freight including tolls, on the prin-
ciple articles of transportation on the
Stockton and Darlington railroad although
the cost of locomotive power there used is
greater than that Of horse power in this
country.
The rates of tolls to be charged on the
railroad, would be subject to the discre-
ton ofthe managers, to be so regulated
as best to benefit the publick, and at the
same time to secure the highest income.
To gain both objects, it would be expedi-
ent to fix the tolls at so low rates, as to
secure to the road preference, over all
other channels of conveyance. 1t would
also be expedient to adopt the principle,
on which tolls in most similar cases are
regulated, of exacting a lower rate FER
ton, for bulky and cheap articles, than for
those which are more costly. In this way
trade in MANY AGRICULTURAL products
would be promoted, which otherwise
could not be prosecuted. On articles car
ried through from Boston to Albany, or
the reverse, it would be only requisite, for
securing to the railroad the whole trans
port, that the freight should be as low as
the freight, together with insurance, by
water; as the greater expedition and
certainty of conveyance would be advan-
tages of sufficient moment to secure a
preference. The customary rates Of
freight by sloop navigation, between Bos-
ton and Albany are from SO to A, per Ton
but it is sometimes procured as low as 80
so. The usual rate of insurance is about
3-4 per cent. The lowest charge for
Ifeignt Oh Houi 10 80 OehtS Poi uolio',
which with the addition of insurance
will make % or 80 cents.
five add to the foregoing estimates of
the cost of transportation by railroad, one
dollar ton, for tolls, sum equal to a
trifle more than half cent mile, it will
give $3.50 and S2,97 per ton. These
rates on the barrel of -four would be equal
to Is and 30 cents. Either rate would
probably be low enough to secure to the
railroad the carriage of all the -four be-
tween Albany and Boston. But if these
rates should be found too high, areduction
of 5 cents on barrel might be made by
reducing the toll one half. Other articles,
being more costly, pay higher amount
of insurance, per ton, when carried by
sea. and consequently would beapa high
Lancaster gazette. [volume] (Lancaster, Mass.) 1828-1830, 1829-01-27

Or II we suppose the road to be con-
structed without stationary powers, two
horses will be required instead of one ON
those stages which include the steepest
parts of the road to the nunlinr perhaps
of six additional horses, in which case the
estimate will he
Lancaster gazette. [volume] (Lancaster, Mass.) 1828-1830, 1829-01-27

teal information Of the engineer, he has
made his estimates of the cost ofconstruct-
ing the road. These are stated in detail
in his report.
Martinsburg gazette and public advertiser. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1826-1833, 1829-02-19

day were then postponed, and the House
proceeded to consider the Bill for the
preservation and re PAIR Of the Cumber
land Road. MIR Ramsay then renewed
in the House The motion he had made
in Committee TO amend the bill by max
ing the tolls specified eoIlectable steV
cry ten, instead Of twenty miles, but
the motion was negatived great
majority, and without a division. MIR.
Buchanan then renewed the motion he
bad made 10 Committee TO amend the
bill by striking out the first seven sec
tons. and substituting provision TO
cede the road to the States through
which il runs on condition that they e.
rect gates, and keep il in repair; and
Oh this question the ayes and noes were
ordered A discussion then ensued, in
which MIR. r. II .N,fcheH. Mr.. Bunner.
aud Mr. Sergeant took part, but before
hr .Serge1nt had concluded his remarks,
be gave way TO a successful mo!,on
made BY Mr.. G'ance to adjourn.
Martinsburg gazette and public advertiser. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1826-1833, 1829-02-19

! " di.agreeable to him-he meant the
latter more particularly for the census
OF 1870, and should vote for the bill
which came from the Senate
Mr. Nelson now moved to agree to
the amendment from the Senate.
Mr. Doddridge warmly demonstrated
against the injustice Of the bill from the
Senate, and conjured the friends OF re.
form not to vote for it.
Mr. Duncan stated that having gone
every inch with the frieRds Of Reform.
and believing that thoy could get no
farther. be should vote for the Senate's
amendment
Mr.. Eppss earnestly stated the diff :.
Guilty in which he felt himself, by being
compelled either to vote againstths bill,
and thus separate from those friends
with whom be had acted all along, and
who approved the amendment Of the Sc.
ate, or by veting for it, acknowledging
what his judgment condemned, and
which he believed oughtnever TO be ac-
kno~ledged-that white population was
the oaIy proper basis of Representatives.
In this dilemma, he should yield his
judgmentto that Of his friends, hut pre-
testing at the same time against the ad-
mission of the principle.
Mr.. Brown stated single fact to
show the injustice OF the Senate's a.
mendment-that one Senatorial Dis.
irict beyond the Ridge contained twice
the white population of another below il.
The question was then taken by ayes
and noes. and the amendment Of the
Senate ogrssdto-ayes ia. noes ss
SO the bill as il came from the Sen.
ate, basing the approximation upon the
white population OF 1910, was passed.
Martinsburg gazette and public advertiser. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1826-1833, 1829-02-19

a Country BaDce.--I saw on the evening !"
the LIST Jan 1879 IN my ne ehborbooe, N "
Ter county. Va. the father. the grand ts,her .a'
the great grand father; The daughter, the moi
er, and the grsnd mother; the Other, Az
daughter, end grand mother; he son, he graz
son, and the great grand sor, all in d'n''
on The same fl0or, a. the same time
Bhssaas CGs'''"
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1828-1831, 1829-06-23

THE unparalleled reputation of this medicine is
such, and its pre-emincnt virtues are so well es-
tabllshad, and fully acknowledged by an intelligent
pnblc, that it is scarcely necessary to say any thing
further than that it is a SOVEREIGN REMEDY
IN Diseases of the Liver Debility resulting from ntem
perance and dissipation: Old and invcterate Ulcers
PANS in the Bones, attended with swclings of the
joints Indigestion: Botches on the Face, Pimpes &c
Syphils Cutaneous Diseases generally, md letter in
particular: Mercurial and Scrofnlous complaints
= The certificates of wonderful cures performed by
the Catholcon, have become numerous, as to pre-
clude their insertion i'll any newspaper and has made
u necessary for the proprietor to print them i'll n
pamphlet of about 100 Pafeo, This will he forward
cl as possible the several Agents for gra-
tuitous distribution, and must, peTusal, strengthen
the good opinion entertained by the friends of
this medicine, and disar, il is hoped: the prcjud-
ces of those who view with distrst any medicine not
known in what is called regular practice" Facts
are stubborn things, and cannot be gansaid.
At the earnest solicitation of members of the mod
icalfacuty and others who have witnessed the aston
iehing cures effected by the of the Vegetable
Catholcon, and who are anxious that its benefits TO
mankind may be more widely difused the proprietor
has consented to reduce the retail price to TWO
DOLLARS per bottles and this will be done with
out in aEy way doteriOratiug the quality Of the med
icne, or reducing The size Of The bottle, has been
materially done in the case of Swaim's Panaccn:
ESiraet qf letters recently reeued from physicians and from
agenior the safe IF Potier's ChOlcon, most If toD
also agsntsfoy Stoains Panaoea.
81 retail than bottles Of your Catolcon where
coll one hottie ofswans Panaoea and s great pleasure in
informing yoy that IN every in which have sccn the Ca
"Coud you Afford 10 reduce tho price Of your Cahoicon u
Two dollars should more frequently prescribe my patients,
this and vicinity who used il with the best effects
amer al the other panaceas and the Compound Syrup
An eminent physician says Rave known several cure. er
onedy the use ofycur Catboloon which had previously
resisted the ordinary prescriptions of the faculty. and have
never knewn Il 10 pro Iucc injurious eyecksr'
The above Invaluable medicine may be Constantly had Of
,. II. BLAMIRE,
ianD Opposite the Eagle Hotel, Richmond
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1828-1831, 1829-06-23

HAVE received by the last packet large sup
ply Of
Ladies lasting doubled vamped spring walking shoes
DO do French slippers. very superior
Do do American do with and without heels
Do goat skin slippers, the latest fashion, for sum-
rner walking shoes
Gentlemen's superior boots, square and round toes
Do do light dress Shoes do do do
Do do goat skin pumps. do do do
Do do calfskin do do d, do
Do morning slippers, various colours
Misses cOloured and black lasting and morocco slip.
pcrs, the greatest variety ever in this city
Doys' calf skin bootees and shoes, double lined
DO light calf skin and seal skin dress shoes
Childrens leather shoes and bootees
Do lasting and morocco bootees and shoes OF
every color and shape;
Together with every other article of boots, beotees
and shoes that he made, and all Of them of their
own manuacture.
y large assortment OF seal skin and hair trunks
Leather travelling trunks, with ,run frames and
patent locks
Carpet travelling bags
Very handsome and superior made fancy morocco
trunks
Day IL Martins backing, and large supply of
paste backing
Gould's real Japan sponge blackins, ut Is cents
per bottle
Patent spring punch plyuus
Silk and cotton braids
No. black ribbon
And large supply of gents cheap nailed and peg
ged boots and light summer pumps, at the store cor
ner OF Main anu Iith streets.
mar %
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1828-1831, 1829-06-23
CLASSICAL RE.ADEP.

WIS work has just been received at the
Bookstore opposite the Eagle. An extract
from tho Visitor s. Telegraph of Oct. last, will show
the nature and object of the work.
"TnE CLASSICAL RrApfR, Selection of Lessons in Prose and
Vcrse from he most eminent English American writers
tor the OF the higher classes in public private Semna
res BY Rev. +. w. p Greenwood, and O. B. Emerson OF
Boston. -
This worn IS valuable acquisition schools This or
ono OF like character has long; been very much wanted
adg books hitherto put into the hands of higher classes
IN our chools are i'll suited TO gain the object in IRON
examination of this work. think among the he coupi
tons we have for the OF advanced classes f,mes
II has excelncies the attention of
parents and teachers of which will briefly advert
In all IFS selections is decidedly favorable virtue and
religion aud its matter appears to have heen selected much
ta1epnd judgment.
IL Is work purely national and modern II has uany
valuable historical facts and anecdotes in relation TO the
history the character geography, and scenery of our
the inaitot IL y Wen agaI'ed 10 the
taste feelings and habits of the present ose eodies many
OF the brightest and most sparkling of Irving, Webster
Eveset Jefferson Channng Sparks Bryant and Percval
g. Tho selections calculated awaken the
the young scholar, and form and improve his will
hnpa to him mental refinement, and Undue him with a
generous for elevated, moral and manly
Teachers and others invited to call and examin
the work. ARIEL WORKS.
tuno