Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1829-02-24

Wtf wonueriut Quxouc experiment, AZ more
wonderful spectacle than all the almost mracu-
lous spec,acles put together, which have heen
exhibited TO astonshment and inc reduiity d,i-
ring the present age SO prolific OF inventions
air. Adams AT this moment presents the most in
struc;ivc prccedcat Of the perils Of political prose-
ly,ism lie has made two lofty political sorner.ets
forwards and Observation-Disclosures Is he What
has become OF him! what ought TO become Of him:
This precedent Affords the most awful admontion
OF the perils OF lofty, political tumbings from side
to 81 lie" Take heed, who nced.''
1.-The rest OF this number unav oitaoly omitted.
.Note.-From a paper this moment put into the
hands of the writer 23d February 1S29-it would
appear evident, that MIR. Ms present notions OF de-
nying to the States, all sovereign power, were his
original notions, entertained and expressed in the
Convention at Philadelphia, which formed the pre-
sent constitution-He seems, therefore, only to
have returned to his first love, after a divorce of
nearly forty years. The following extremely in
ment oil its appearance before the public, taken in
connection with MIR. Ms letters-is an extract
from late speech, delivered by Gen. Smyth, in
Congress, and said TO be taken from the reports Of
The debates oil the Convention by Judge Yates,
member from New York-They are in the follow
ing wOrds-Take heed of them.
"Chief Justice Yates, OF New York, member
OF that Convention, took notes of the secret de-
bates, and they have been published. They
| clearly prove, that some of the members Of that
convention were monarchists. Even Mr. Afadi-
| son himself does not appear at that time to have
entertained those excellent republican sentiments
which he so ably maintained in 1T9S. Judge
Yates reports Mr.. Madison to have spoken as fol-
lows, on the exPediency of given the Federal Gov
eminent negative on State laws. s'The Judges
OF the State must give The state laws their opera
uon' although the law abridges the rights Of the
| national government. How is il TO be rene aled,
| BY the power who made il, How shall YOU COM
! pei them! BY force? To prevent this Disagree
aoie expeaent, the power OF negativng is abso-
luteiy necessary This is the only attractive prin-
cipie which will retain its centrifugal force; and
without this, the planets will fly from their orbits"
On the period for which Senators should be cho-
sen, Judge Yates reports, "Mr Madison was for
seven years-considers this branch as a check ON
| The democracy-it cannot, therefore, be made too
strong On the sovereignty of the States, MIR.
nj ADDISON is reported 10 have said, "The States ne
rer possessed the sentidl rights Of sovereignty.
These trere ai,coys rested in Congress. Their
u'fing as States, IN Congress, is no evidence of
sovereignty. The State Of Maryland voted by
counties. Did this make the counties sovereign:
The States at present are only great corpora
| lions, having the porer of making by-lanrs: and
these are efeetuai only, fMey are not contra
dacfory TO the general confederation. The States
| ought to be placed under the control Of the Cen
erat Government; at least, as much so as then
formerly trere under the British Parliament
How different hom MIR. Ms doctrines for near
ly forty year%subsequent to that time particular
| ly from those OF his report Of lS00:-How strict
not the legislatures of the states now look to the
! sovereign rights Of the States?
| FOR THE ENQUIRER.
| CENTLEMEN-Mr Doddridge being regarded
"a the AJAX lebanon, OF that party in the Leeisa.
ture which opposed the adoption of the late Anti
| Tariff Report and Resolutions, succinct review
OF some OF hi. arguments, may not be improper at
| the present crisis.
Mr.. DoddriJge set out with declaring. that the
| Government. itS
the habit OF laying protecting duties on some arti-
cies his Is true. But in the early period of our
pohticai existence, the fostering Of the home pro.
ducnon, OF any fabric, was only regarded as sec
ondary consequence, as an incident growing out of
the duty, the primary object OF which, was the
production OF revenue. In strictness we contend
that II Is neither Constitutional or polite for Con-
sress 10 look, even secondariy, in the LAYING of du
ues' 10 what Is called the protection of home man
uiactures III Congress ever, i'm the early stages
oil political history, thought fit TO exercise this
power, IT does not by any means follow as a mai
ter OF course, that they had the right to do So and
/ they had not the right, a volume of precedents
would notjnsiify the practice. We would submit
however, 10 Tariff, whose primary object is rev
enue, and which looks secondarly and incidental
~, to what they call the protection of some few
articles II isagainst Tariff, which Ito use the
language of Mr.. Rush) is intended IN oroan;yo
the whole labor of the Community. that we nro.
test. The late Tariff Laws, Mr.. Doddride. verv
wen knows, are intended mainly to protect home
manufactures; 1t is notorious TO every one that this
IS their primary object-IIow, then, in the name
o, common sense, can MIR. Doddrdge, or any one
else, justify the late Tariff Laws looking primari
y and almost solely, 10 the protection of domestic
manufactures, by comparing them with the early
measures oil Congress on this subject exercised in
the spirit OF moderation and forbearance, and Look
ing only TO the protection ofsome few simple coarse
fabrics, as a secondary consequence.
| Mr.. Doddridgc admitted that our foreipn cor-
meroe would be injured by the TariT-He admit
| led, that commerce tends TO chrstianize and bu
mamie mankind. But, he contended, that our do
| nestic commerce would be augmented. and that
all the hunanzing, and outstanding, and liberal.
zing effects, which usually follow in the train OF
foreign commerce, would result from this augmen.
| tauon OF domestic commerce. I am dismissed IN
oonpt the TACT, that our domestic commerce. will
| De increased by this system; and am very much
inclined to question the opinion of MIR. Doidridge.
aboutits beraiizing effects, even if X should he
incurred Ut is very evident to every one, that
there is spirit abroad, in the agricultural mari nj
the y. D, which must operate injurously or. this
sort oil domestic commerce, which some are any
ious to see established in the room of foreipn com
meree II this Tariff policy is persisted in, will
not the Government so excite the preiudces If ,ha
agricultural States, (slready sufficiently eyci,ed
against thoG who wish to set themselves i'm A.
their task Inasters, that hey Ohe Agricultural
StatesO will refuse, TO use any Of the produr,ons
Of their would be task masters aforesaid 1.-THE man
ulac'uring S'ates) What, then, will become Of
this domestic commences! If we refuse N nee
their productions, they will hardly brine ,hc,n
into our states, and thus that sort Of com.
merce VIII be al an end. To nv mind tho
more rational conclusion is, that if the pener.l
government VII desist from this policy, domestic
commerce WIZ be augmented Letthe government
heal the heartburn ngs and eaIousies and n,s;,d;'
ces which its legislation has excited. Let ib.n,
not place the agricultural states in the attitude
Ioi 'De"ers OF wood and drawers of wster'-T q,