Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1828-1831, 1829-03-05

But said Mr.. c. the principle of a mixed basis OF
representation Is not novel doctrine I'm Virginia;
nor I" now Tor the hrst time brought forward upon
'ne noor OF The General Assembly. gain and A., aim
curing the term Of his service in the Senate had this
piih.'p'e ocen urged and applied in discussions upon
ne uccisions OF western counties. 1t was doctrine
OIL Wide spread influence in the community and vas
"PheIu oy many OF our abest statesmen and most re-
nowhcu republicans In confirmation OF this asscr-
uon' ne would cite two distinguished authorities. IT,
sau MT -. thcre be any exposition of the principles
of our republican system of government STANDING
upon pre-emincnt ground and regarded with un;ver
sal respect 1t was To be found in the admirable de-
renee OF the Federal Constitution. written nv Mr
Hi"'soi' hlf. Hamilton and Mr.. Jay, known to eve
ry one under The denomination of the Fcdernlist -
lie would refer TO I'll pant OF the work wbcro tho
authors are defending the claim the souhern states
" ohcreaseu representation founded upon the pos
session oil peculiar species ofproperty AFTER all"
lsav thcse wrlters) mav not another ground he tn
kcn on which thus article of the constitution will
mt OF still more ready defence: We have hitherto
proceeded on the idea that representation related TO
persons only, and not at all to proper,v R,t
IS Vt Just iden' Government is instituted no
less for protection of the property than of tho
persons of individuals. The one as we'll "a
hc other, therefore, may be considered as repre-
sen'cd by those who are charged with the Govern
mcnt Upon this principle it H. that in several of;.
States and particularly in the State OF New York
one branch the government is intended more csne
call TO be the guardian OF property and is accor-
most Interested in this object OF government In Tho
federal constitution his policy does not prevail Tho
rights OF property admitted into the sumc
hands with the personal rights Some attention
ought therefore to be paid to pron.rtv in tb, cL,;
Of those hands"
The same principles ofgovernment had for n lone
course OF years, been ncucated III elaborate and ab
lectures, the Constitution of Virginia dai,nroS
by n late distinguished Professor of Law md Poll
ties IN the University of William and Mary The
minds OF the rising and ingenious youth of Eastern
Virginia, had been deeply nbucd with these princi
pies. The lectures to which he alluded had ,youc
forth to the public, IN an edition Of the commentaries
OF Sir William Blackstone, and met the approving
sentiment of the enlightened profession for which
they were destined. They were in the hands of ov
cry Lawyer IN the State, and Of every eminent Jur.
IN the L. States. The furcst way" (savs Judrc
Tucker of usting the proportions of benefits and
burdens in the State seems TO be by COMBINING NO
cunlary ability and burthens, with such as are more
ly personal. In peaceeble commonwealth pecunin,.
burdens are likely to be the greatest In time Of
peace, there are personal burdens beyond the o-
binary repairs OF roads other trfling labour the
whole burden of government is altogether pecunior,
IN time OF war, personal duties required; but p,-
cunlarv burdens must increase as they increase an
often be continued after they cease Witness Tho
debt contracted during the revolutionary war which
we are still paying, after twenty years of peocc and
may continue to pay for a century, perhaps fore
yer. Besides II they who pay nothing or very little
are entrusted with the imposition of burdens of winch
they are to feel no part, there too much reason
from the experience Of all yes and COUNTRIES. Tn an
Prehend that they may he regardless of toe burden
they impose; especially fthe question should relate
to the compensation to be made themselves ar tir
own immediate constituents, similarly
for their personal services"
principle of government asserted by Virginia at
the adoption OF the Federal Constitution maintained
at that early period of history in the most ro,u
lar and mastery vndicatons oc our republican forms
Of government, nculcRted thirty wears ago from, tho
Professors chair, IN the then principal seminary OF
IN IN md form g,
tics, recently introduced into the University of Vr
gna, on the motion of the illustrous Jefferson r,cr
ited SAID MIR. O. more respectful usage than TO be
stigmatiZed as novel doctrine.
No, repeated Mr.. c. the doctrine is not ,o,.ar :,
is novel neither in Virginia nor in her sister Si,
In Massachusetts the representation in the senate
was passed altogether upon property In New Bnr,,-|
shlFe, the same organization prevailed I'm South
Carohna the representation i'll the lower House of
the Legislature, founded on mixed basis of mo
perty and white population. IN the corresDoudirr
branch of Assembly the State Of Georria. rrnr,
senta'Ion stood upon the federal principle; three
hfths OF her slave population being included IN the
enumeration. And if DECENTRALIZATION in Ito
cicctor or elected be considered a. intended e.,
tile defence OF property then the references which had
already been read to the ) ,natc would sleyv cor,u
siveiy, that property, in form or other was nj
oscd to confer additional weight in the
OF majority OF the States in the Union.
One OF the arguments urged in the course of lls
debate Mr.. Z. Thought 1t his duty TO recall TO the
particular attention OF the Senate. II had been SIN
ted that the present senatorial districts of the State
had hecn equally arranged at the session of 1916 ~
on the basis of white population, as ascertninod b..
the federal Census of the year 1910 and thence i
was contcndcd that if these districts should now, mo
selected, TO choose equal numbers ofrcprcscntatiyes
in Convention this selection, would amount to 4 re-
cognion on the part Of the Legislature Of the Drln
clpie OF white population, the only admissible ba
Els OF representation. Against any such Inference
MIR. e. protested, at war with the object express
y avowed by himself and friends for selecting those
established divisions &C. the State; and rs controIic
ted by the anxiety 50 abundantly shewn by the Oh.
position, to graduate the representation from ,hcso
districts, in conformity TO the federal census ofthe
year 1920.
40 M CONTINUED.
Bosto1I.-ln consequence Of the numerous nj
tcmps by lncendiarics to fire to Boston the ci,i
zens have organized night patrols for the better So