The Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1822-1829, 1828-12-08

,r,poslnc dntr ~ Imports. and Nv sets Of
more recent IHfe III the Brfisi, f~aalismsrt-
The efIre, " the Introduction of ,iusci tfsir.
eo,nnenced by tifea, Is, iiso. aud scipror s,ed
by the United States. has beeu. as ANS 10 De
fornsesn, nnly To substitute different ehhnneis
for al exchange of commodities indssiiensabin
10 the colonies. aud profitable IN n nniner"ss
elias, of rur ieilo~ eaisros. The exports, the
revenue, iir navigation Of the L. ,. have sui
fcred no dnninutioni,y our exclusion IRON di-
rect access 10 the British Colon ics. The Colo.
! nies pay more dearly Tor the necessaries of lie,
! which iheir Government burdens nth the
charges of double voyages. freight, insur-
ance aud eo,nmiss; IN, aud the prohis Of our
exports are so,nev bal impaired, aud more inJu-
iiously transferred from one portion, of our CT
izens 20 another. The resumption OF this old
and other ise exploded system, of Colonial en-
clusion has NOT secured TO the shipping interest
of Great Britain The selief which, nj the ex-
pense Of the fisiani colonies, and OF The Onred
States, i, was expected 10 Afford. Other n,ea-
surcs have heen resorted 10, more p~ointe'iiy
brariug upon the navigation of ilr L. B., aud
which, unless saodiGed Ly DEMONSTRATION CIV
gu 10 Ihr recent Acts vi Parliament, viii he
maniies,ly incompatible will, the positive siipu'
lations nf the commercial convention rHisi'ng
between tie two cnnn,rics. That convention.
however, may De tttuilnAttu, WIN 'HsiFt
months notice, at the option Of either inrty.
A treaty of Aniiy, Navigation. aud Com
mcrce. beiW .en the Unitod Sta,es aud lis Ma
jesty, the Emperor Of Austria. king Of liunssy
~ and Bol,eo,in, has hren prepared ior s,gua-
tpre by The Secretary Of State. and by the Bar
90 de Lederer, ,nirusied with full powers OF the
Al arian Government. Independently OF the
new aud fiiendly relations which may be thus
commenced with one Of the nI0si eminent md
powerful nations of the earth. the occasion has
been taken in II. M IN other recent Treaties con
GUIDED hy the United States, 10 extend tlfusc
principles of liberal intercourse aud Of fair 70
cipTocity which inieriwine with the Exchanges Of
commerce the principles of justice, hrd the
feelings of mutual beBeyoie,ce. THIS
sysIem, FIRST proclaimed 10 the world IN the first
Commcrcial Treaty ever concluded by the Cni'
Ted States, thai Of oh February, 1873, With
Fiance, has brrn invariably ih' Cherished poi
cy nf our Union IL Is by treaties of III
alone that il cnn be iuade ultimately to prevail
rs the established system Of NIL civilized nations.
With this principle. our fathers extended the
hand OF friendship to every nation of the globe
and to this policy our country has ever since ad.
hcred- whatever OF regulation III our laws has
ever been adopted nn'avOTable 10 the interest Of
auy 'Orrign naiiuu, has been essent nlly defrn
siye aud oountera, ting 10 similar regulations Of
theirs operating against Us
immediately altci The close Of the wnr Of indie.
pendrncr, Commissioner were appointed by
the Congress al the Confederation. authorized
TO conclude treaties with every nation OF Eu-
rope disposed 10 adopt them. Before the wars
ut the French revolution, such treaties had been
c~onsumInnted with the UnriedN Netherlands, Swe
den and Prussia. During those wars. treaties
with Great Britain and Spain had been eGrcIcd,
- H.. - a.-.. - I. .....
IN ali these. some concrss,ons To the liberal
principles of Intercourse proposed by the UNI
ted States rad heen obtained but MS, in all the
negotiations. they came occssionalI, IN collision
with pre-, tous internal regulations. or exclusive
aud excluding coinpacts OF monopoly, with
which the Other parties had been iramtnell.d,
the advances made ~ them towards the freedom
oftradc were partial AM imperfect Colonial
establl ,hments. chartered companies and ship
building influence, peivsded and encountered
the legislation of all the great commercial
States aud the United States, IN offering free
trade and equal privileges to all, serr compelled
to acquIesTe IN mAus exc, Itions with each 'oi
tho parties 10 Ihrir treaties, accommodates
10 their eils.lng laws and anterior engage
meats,
The colonial system, by which this whole he
~misphere was hound, has fallen into runs. 10
""y ""'"'''" ~ '''o'"' N"s '''
mes NV" 'n'fpe"oeo' ""''""s' '"'o"s"'u' 't
Nv" A'nf''e", eoh'"e"'s' eAtepu"sa' PORTO" ',
''''""'y chlihy ~ me ho''"o'" eH'Ie"I'y "'
our o""'a anu eophne" 10 ''""""'' y ''n"''
n'', 'e'"'''" ny "'e,t DIM" over 'e '"So'"'
\ clipclago, grogi aphically tue nppendagcs Of
our part of the glohe. Nhh all the rest We
have 'rce ,fade-eVe" wan 'ne "''"lnf coion'rS
OF a' ,he European "a',ons' eAcep' ''ea' BRIT
"'"' Ter "ose'hi'en' VA" "so "aa''s'e" ap'
breaches 10 the adoption o' an" .pe'"' !"
'e''onl'e oe'weeh ~ ,''''". ""u o''e va
tons though, by a su''tm" M" sc"'ee'y eApaa'"
cd r'Vuls'on, the sp'" OF exclusion mas pefn
revived Tor operation" uro" the United 9'''e' a
lone -
Inc CONCLUSION "'"u' ,'S' i''n'y 'eace
with Gre"' Britain was sl'"'"y a''e'"afhs tot
lowed ot a 'o'i'h'e'ci"' N""''''o" P"o"s VIC
direct intercourse between 'he TWO countries up.
oh II footing oil more eq",' 'e.'p'o'"y ma" MA"
ever neiore been anh'h'f"' INC same p''hcP'e
mas since been m"ch 'h''"e' eA'""e"' ny ,,'"-
tlgg with France. SMtutn, btIthHfh, fUt HAN