Constitutional Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1824-1832, 1828-12-05

More than once, however, Ill the progress OF olr lis
tory, have the People e. the Legislatures of one or
more S'atrS, N moments III excitement. been instipa-
ten TO tins conflict; and the means of etfectinr this
lnlDu!se have been allegations that the nets Of Con-
EresS to be resisted Were pRcogStsiYiiglgJ. tn Pc
pc o' no enc state have ever delegated 10 their j.n-
Gisiatorc INC power or Frcnounc.ag an act OF Congress
unconstitutional; bat they have ceicpate,! to Then,
powers, by the exercise ofwhich, the execution of the
laws OF Congress within the State NAV he resisted If
we suppose the case of such conflicting LEGISLATION.
sustained by the corresponding Executive and Judi-
cal authorities, Patriotism and Philanthropy turn
Their eyes from the condition in .hich the PARTIES
would De placed, md from that of the neoDle of hotb
Which must be It's victims.
Inc REPORTS from the Secretary of War, and from
NE various subordinate offices Of the resort of that
Department, present an exposition of the public nd
milnStratlon of affairs conducted with them. ,hrorob
me course OF the current year. The present VI ate of
the army, and the distribution of the force of which
IL Is composed, will be seen from the Report OF the
MAJOR General. Several alterations in the disposn1
OF the troops have been found exnedient in t}ur course
OF the year, and the discipline of the army, tbourb
not entirely free from exception, has been neueraIv
good.
mat part OF the Report of the Secretary of yVar
"hlch concerns the existing system of our relations
with The Indian tribes. AT the establishment of the
fehcFa! Government, under the present Constitution
OF INC oili,ru States, the principle was adoped OF con-
sldcrmS them as foreign aud independents mowers.
ana also as proprietors of lands. They were. more.
over, considered as sayaGcs, whom it was our Dol;cv
and our duty to use our influence in CONVERTING -
ohrisilanIty, and in bringing within the pale of civil
iZatiuu.
As independent Powers, We negotiated with them
by treaties; as proprletors, we purchased of them MI
tHe !a,uS winch we could prevail upon them to sell
Us nfeihTcn or the human race, rude and ignorant. w,
ciIdcavourcd to bring them 10 the knowledge of roll
glon anu OF letters. The ultimate DESIGN was m in.
corporate IN our own institutions that portion o,
them which could be converted to the state of ri.
NlllLji ION. In tlP nr1cfjpa &c Fr->,... Ga.
tore cur Revolution, they had been considered as chill
Gfeh 10 be governed; as tenants Mt discretion, to be
disnossesSed as occasion might require; as hunter IN
be UNIDENTIFIED by tritiing concessions for ro,,oya
rom the grounds upon which their ramc was en-
tlrpatcd. In changing the system, Is would seom
rs II a full contemplation Of the consequences nj
inc changc had not been takcn.-We have been
iar more successful in the acquisition of their Lard
Ihan III inpartlng TO them the principles. or in
spring them with the spirit of civilization. Rut IL
appropriatlng to ourselves their hunting grounds, We
nave Drought upon ourselves the obligation of provid-
ing them with sustenancc; anG when we have had
me rare good fortune of teaching them the arts ot
clVlhzatlon, and the doctrines of christianity wc have
unexpectedly found them forming, in the midst nj
ourselves, communities claiming to be independent Of
'!'"' ana rivals OF sovereignty within the territories
oi our Union. rms state Of things REQUIRES that a
remedy should be provided. A remedy which. whirr
t shall do justice to these unfortunate children Of M
ture, may secure to the members Of our confederstion
tier rights of sovereignty and of soiI As tbn
outline of q project to that effect, the views ures,nte1
IN the report OF the Secretary of War are rerun-
mended to the consideration of congress.
The Report from the Engineer Department presents
a comprehensive view of the progress which I.s I,er,
mace III The great systems prorlotive Of the public i'll
tercst, commenced and organized Under the AUTHORITY
OF Congress-, and the effects of which have aIra,dyy
contribute. to the security, as they will hereafter
largely contribute to the honor and dinnitv of the ma
ton. '"
The first OF these great systems is that of fortified.
yIo!S' commenced INN e%diately after the close of our
idSI "aE, under the salutary experience which the
events OF that war had impressed ,1por oar cnnnfrr
men OF its necessity. Introduced under f5a o,s,iooo.
or my immediate predecessor, if has been Continued
WItatile perseVerlng and liberal eucourarcrcuf Of tho
LEGISLATURE; and combined with corresponding eyer
tons for the gradual increase and improvements or 40
Navy, prepares for olr extensive country a condition
OF defence adapted to any critical emergency which
ILe varying course OF events may bring forth. Our
advances III Ihese concerted systems have for the last
ten years been steady aid progressive; and il, p fa,y,
years more will be SO completed as TO Iearo no c,u.a
lor apprehension that our sca-coast will ever acain of.
fer a theatre Of hostile INVASION.
nc next OF these cardinal measures Of rnIicr. g.
me preliminary to great and lasting works of pIi5l:c
improvement, i'll The SURVEYS of roads. nyaru;no+ior So.
t,'e course OF canals, ard labors for the removal Of
ne ooStfnct'ons o. rivers and ~harbors, first commence
eo ny the Actof Congress of 3Oth April. 1894.
Inc report exhibits in one table the funds nnn,,,,,r;
atcd at the last and preceding Sessions of Cnnarny.
LOT all thcae tortlflCatlons, surveys, and works Of pub
nc Improvement; the manner in which these finds
nave oceh applied the amount expended upon the seve
raj works under construction, and The further srr,s
which may be necessary to complete them. In n So
cord the works projected by the Board of ENGINEERS.
winch have not been commenced, and the estimate
OF their cost. O
In a third, the report of the annual Board &c yis;
te1s at the Military Academy at West Point, 'F7
thirteen Publications erected on various points Of orr
Atlantic coast from Rhode Island to Louisiana, fbn
aggregate expenditure of the year has fallen a little
snort OF one million Of collars.
1 or the DrpT1aT1tirr, IF five ,TJS4;n-.1 n
recohAolsa1lces and surveys since the last session of
congress, torthe civil constructions upon tJ,jrfv-snvqn
dit'cr'nt public works commenced, eicht others fer
Wnich specific appropriations have been made by
lcIS OF Congress, and twenty other incipient SURVEYS
uneer the authority given by the Act Of 3Oth ApriL.
i"@I' about one million moro of dollars have been
drawn from the Treasury. '' q"
10 these two millions Of dollars are to be added the
appropriation of $50 UN0 dollars .,