Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1828-1831, 1828-12-04

~ IN
oi dimmution are perceptible in the receipts of the
Treasury. -
AS yet, little addition of cost has even been cxnori
enceo upon the articles burthencd with heavier duties
by the last tariff The domestic supp;os
the same kindred article at diminished nr;cc ,nJ
the consumer pays the tribute TO the labour of
ms own countryman, which he must otherwise have
palt To foreign industry and toll
The tariff of the last session was in ;,s dc,,us ma,
acceptable To the great interests of anv nortinn Of h.
onon not even to the interest which il was specinv
intended to subserve. Its object us 10 balance tho
burdens upon n9t've industry imposed by the opera
' Oh foreign laws but not to aggravate the burdens
oi one section OF the Union by the relief nfrdcrto
another'-Io the great principle sanctioned bv that
act one OF those upon which the Constitution itself
was formed, hope and trust the authorities Of tho
Union will adhere. But if any of Tho dn,;,s ;,,d
oy the act only relieve the manufacturer by apcraya
ting the burden of the planter let a careful reysnI o
IT'S provisions, enlightened by the PRACTICAL experience
oi ITS effects, be directed retain those which ;nnart
protection to native industry and remova or .npnl
tne place Oh those which only alleviate one great ma
tlonai interest by the depression of another
Inc united states OF America, and the PEOPLE of
every State OF which they composed are each of
them Sovereign Powers. The lerislativc ,n,ior,r
OF the whole cxcrciscdby Congress- under ,ntLort
granted them in the common Constitution ILo H.
gsatVc power of each State is exercised by assem-
oleS deriving their authority from the Constitution 9
tue State Each is sovereign within its own nro,;
nc ulsIrioution OF power between them prcs,nuoses
that these authorities will move in harmony Will ono.
'iier' Inc members OF the State and General Gov
uthhcns are all under oath to support both and alc
glance IS due to Tie and TO the otbcr The go
oi conflict between these powers has not bccn
supposed; nor has any provision been made for il in
our institutions; as virtuous Nation Of ancient Times
existed more than five centuries without law, for
punishment of parricidc " 'o
More than once, however, in the progress our his
tory have the People q the I.erslainr,s Of o,c ar
more states III moments Of excitement, been insiga-
tea 10 tins conflict; and the means 81 ecctinu this
impulse have been allegations that the nets of Con-
grcsS TO be resisted were unconstitutional Tho Poo
PIE OF no one State have delegated to- their Lee
sisi'tuc Ue power OF pronouncing act of Congress
unconstitutional; but they have delegated to thcm
powers by the exercise OF which, the execution of Tho
laws OF Congress within the State mny be resisted II
we suppose the case of such conflicting legislation.
sustalle9 oy the corresponding Executive and Judi
ciat authorities Patriotism and Philanthropy turn
thelr eyes from the condition in which the nortirs
would be placed, and from that Of the people of both
which must be its victims.
The Reports from the Secretary of War md Fro,n
Inc various subordinate Offices of the resort of that
department, present exposition of the public All
Innisration of afairs conducted with them tbrourb
the course OF the current year. The present state of
me army and the distribution of the force IF which
It Is composed, will be from the Report of tbc
MAJOR General. Several alterations in the disposaI
OF the troops have been found cXpedient in the course
OF the year, and the discipline of the army, thoupb
not entirely free from execution has b,or' - - ia
good. eS
The attention of Congress particularly invited to
that part of the Report of the Sccretnrv of War
winch concerns the existing system of our relations
win the Indian tribes. At the establishment of the
Federal Government, under the present Constitution
OF te United States, the principle was adopcd of con-
siderlng them as foreign and independent movers
ana also as proprictors of lands. They were more
over, considered as saVages whom il was our polcv
ana our duty to use our influence in CONVERTING 10
christianity, and IN bringing within the pale of civil
iZation. - -
As independent Powers, negotiated with them
by treaties; as proplieors purchased of them nil
the lands which could prevail ,,pon Thorn IN sall
as brethren of the human race rude and ibnorant
cndeavourcd to bring them to the knowledge of rel
Soh ana OF letters. The ultimate design was 10 in
corporate III our own institutions that portion of
them which could be converted TO the state uf ci
VlliZaton. In the practice of European States bo
tore our Revolution they had been considered as chill
dren 10 be governed as tenants at discretion TO be
dlSoossessed as occasion might regurc hunters to
De lndeinned by tTifiing concessions for removal
from the grounds upon which their game vas OK.
Irpated. In changing the system, i would seem
as II full contemplation of the cons .ouencea ~
the change had not been taken.-We have bccn
TAR more successful IN the acquisition of their lands
than in rnP"-i'.is 90 them the principles or in
spring them with the spirit Of civilization. R,t -
aPproPriatng 10 ourselves their hunting grounds VIC
nave brought upon ourselves the obligation of nrovid
ing them with sustcnancc; and when we h. ia
'e rare good fortune of teaching them tho arts nj
cVllZatlon and the doctrines of christianity we hnv
unexpectedly found them forming, in the midst of
lnUCDpndeut nj
ours, and rivals of sovereignty within the
Of our Union This state Of things requires that a
remedy should be provided. remedy which. while
IL snail do justice to those unfortunate children of M
ture may TO the members of our confdcraton
Their rights of sovereignty and of soil AS the
outline OF project to that effect, the views presented
IN the Report OF the Secretary Of War ure recon-
mcnded to the consideration of congress.
The Report from the Engineer Department presents
comprehensive view of the progress which has been
made III the great systems promOtvc of the public IN
terest, commenced and organized under the authority
OF Congress, and the effects of which hive nlregdy
contributed to the security, they win hereafter
largely contribute to the honor and dignity Of the ma
ton.
The first Of these great systems is TINT Of G,rt6ca
tons, commenced iInm ediately after the close of our
last war, under tho salutary experience which the
events OF that war had impressed upon our country
men OF It's necessity. Introduced under the au,pices
OF my immediate predecessor, it has been continued
with the persevering and liberal encouragement of the
Legislature; and combined with corresponding cxer-
me InF Nhn rufFr IL fNrW