Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1828-01-10

water or dew ro.iing,-and their operations II. al
most all prominent cases are attended with &C
knowledged success. Ii is estimated that 4 or :
acres of hemp land will produce Il ton--.hat n ion
OF hemp is worth 200 dollars bushcl OF seed
doilars-and the product of an acre without In
seed ~, and WI II, upwards OF 6O dollars Il
must therefore be admitted that this branch OF hus
oandry Is lucrative bu, agriculturistS have not en-
tered into il extensively, from repugnancc 10 in,lo-
Nauons and from the DEAFNESS and quantity OF seed
which costs eight dollars.an acre. Its the opuon
OF good Judges, II this interest is properly fosered
that twelve thousand tons of hemp. worth . 400
900 dollars, may be annually raised in this state
and that, within thirty years, the eXportation, of
hemp from the United States will be equivalent in
value TO those o.; cotton. An ample announcement
is adiudged to be bounty OF 10 dollars on every
ton OF prime hemp for term of years; while some
suppose that an additional duty will be beneficial
and is necessary.
There is no doubt that tobacco mi ;ht be pro-
hilbly cultivated in the western parts of this
state That variety which is termed GOLDEN
lcaved or ktesfoot, and which brings the highest
prices at home and abroad, has been principally
confined TO Maryland. Within fow years il has
been raised in Ohio in great quantities and at great
prcht. The same peculiar adaptations that exist in
those states, apply TO our western regions and rem
der this article an object worthy o! attention and
encouragement
Howard, tlic apostle of benevo!cnce, looked for
ward, more with hope than expectation, TO the pc
riod when the management of prisons should arrive
to such perfection that their ope ration should de-
l. =
tray their expenditures l have the satisfaction
to announce that this desirable condition is in
state oil rapid approximation with us. have here
Oiore represented the favorable condition of the
penitentiary in the city of New FORK in this res
pect, and it Is now fully believed, tIat with The
deduction OF the expense of carrying coIivicts to
inc prison ut Auburn, and of assisting them when
discharged TO reach home, and OF Il small annual
iund to keep the building in repair, future ap-
preparations will be necessary for The support of
the male convicts.
The establishment of a special and exclusive
penitentiary FOR female convicts, is deemed an OBJ
lcct worthy ot your favorable consideration, and
1t Is believed that public opinion, duly enlightened
would sustain this measure as cuincidert with the
ciearest prescriptions OF humanity and policy. In
The prison erecting at Mount Pleasant no prcri-
sion amtoid, is made for the separate confinement
employment and government OF females No
such arrangements established ut Auburn nor
can they be effected without an expense equal
TO the erection Of new cdifice. In the prison in
view i ork, large number OF female conyicts are
mcaTcerated. In the time intervening between
4 the abandonment of that prison and the transfer
Oh Its occupants TO the new one at Mount Pleasant
a provision adequate 10 the cxigency ought to be
made.
Female convic;s are rare in the counties. and
there arc but few al Auburn. After me rclin-
qulshincrt otthc state prison in New York thew
must be accommodated in the local or county pr-
sons or confined in the two state pcnitentiaries
win the male convicts, or placed i'll asylum
j
Is certainly most worthy the character ofthe state,
and best adapted TO the spirit of the age
Inc law authorizing the erection of state pr
son at Mount Pleasant inside no provision for its 90
vernment & discipline. Three years have already
been devoted TO It's erection, and il will, under.
stand, soon be in situation 20 accommodate four
hundred conyicts, who will be subject to the will
OF single individual, without any law as 10 dsc-
pine or restraint. Although have 10 special re-
ference to the present superintendent in the suo
2 my ftrttr -
your attention TO this subject as one involving con-
siderations which ought never to be overlooked
prominent and besetting evil of the times is
the practice OF duelIing, which frequently ship
wrecks the peace OF families, and destroys the lives
OF useful members Of society. In these cases.
false notions ofhonor arc arrdycd against the die
tates OF morality the prescriptions of law and thu,
injunctons of religion. The determination of ilis
moral hydra has been found more difficult than the
physical hydra 81 antiquity. The severity of ne
nal iniiictons has been rendered nuga:ory by the
want OF certainty, and chvalric folly has prostra-
ted the most sacred considerations. The future al
past preyentYes ought not to defer from the an,
plicatIOn Of new eXpcGient5. Ifpubiic oDinion !.
unable 70 arrest this aggravated evil the arm nj
the law ought to be stretched forth fuli of terror
and replctc with punishment. The most eHectu-
al prescription heretofore applied was the REQUIRE
mcnt OF an oath from every person entering into
Office that he would not be concerned in ducIints.
but this having been abolished by the new consti
| tuition, other measures must be pursued. As most
GISij take place out Of the state might it not have
preventing effect, TO direct all mn istrates tc
make strict inquiry into the charges and in their
discretion TO im?rison tlic offenders until notice
can be given 10 the executive OF the state in which
the crime committed, 50 that he fnirht make
the constitutional requisition for their being deliv
cred up Tor punishment And if homicide of this
character Is p2rpetrated, may not be advisable ~
consider It 50 IN the state where the person dies
well as in that where the wound was inflicted.
Most duels are brought TO fatal termination ly
the misconduct OF seconds, who, in the confidence
OF seit-sccuTiy and in the headlong career of de-
mented quiXotism, close the door against rec0ncili
alton; and they ought, therefore to be visited h.,
exemplary punishment, especially in CHALLENGES
cndiag in ducls, and when homic;des have take1,
place out OF our Jurisdiction What 10 now adj
Judged only misdemcanor, or breach of the
peace, ought Obe deemed felony, < subjected 10
punishment in our state prisons. And, by such
energetic measures II Is earnestly TO be hoped chat
this disgraceinl evil and high-handcd offence NAV
be expelled from our country
The enactment of a most important portion Of
our revised code, in interesting shape Il in an
able manner, reflects honor upon the industry and
talents OF the revsers, the attention and intelIi-
gence Of the legislature, and it is hoped and beliey-
cd VIII contribute essentially TO the good GOV
eminent Of the state. The same devotion to this
important object during the present session will
unqucshondbly present system of statutory it,rs-
prudence in q ac0nc AMI perspicuous STYLE and
lucid, methodical, extensive aud Comprehensive ito
its contents and details
The radical defects Of orr udicisry system are
seated IN the constitution, and beyond the coer,iz-
ance OF the legislature in any 9th n CORRECTING
shape than by the proposal OF amendments The
fatal error consisted in separating the Judges who
try hc fact from the iri5pnals that pronourc. the
law, or in other words, creating circuit courts "a
distinct and independent forums, and not as ema-
nations from supreme courts. But as the subject
now exists and until constitutional amendments
ron Nrn uNa .Aaaaa 10 4. 4.