The Litchfield County post., 1828-12-11

instruction ncQulreu at west FOtnt r"."SOs the dominion and expands the capacities m the mind. Its benehcial results are already exnerieneed in the composition Of the army. ona their influence is felt in the intellectual nrOrresa of society. The. institution IS stIIl Eusceptihle of great improvement from bene' f.ct;nns from several successive Boards oi ti- s;tors. to whose recommendations cheerful Nv add my own. yV;th fine msual annual reports from the c....sarv Inf tlip Navy and the Board of SS..,,,,;.s;oDers. will be exhibited to the view - S~.,nvress the execution of the laws rciat- ;ng to that part of the public service. Tue rr1ression of Piracy in the West Indian and ;r fine Grecian seas has been eiiectualIy man tained with scarcely any exception. During inc War between the Governments ot buen- os Avres and Brazil, frequent collisions be- tween beIlIgerent acts otp"wer anu tne righ's of neutral commerce occurred L1lcen'Io"s hiocL ades. irregularly enlisted or impressed so.uoen. and the property OfhOnest commerce .s;vad with violence, and even piundered un- I... I.rsl nretences, are disorders never sepa- r.I,,o from the conflicts of war upon the seas XV;th . oortiOb of them, the correspondence ofo,,r commapders on the eastern aspect Of 4ho cou+h American coast. and among the :aIo,a. of Crnece discover how far we nave hs.n ;nvnlved. In these the honor or eur country and the rights of our citizens nave heur .seerted and vindicated. The appear .'oco of new souadrons in the Mediterranean. and th.. hlockade of the Dardanelies, indicate The danger of other obstacles to the freedom of commerce, and the necessity of Keeping our naval force in those seas. To the susses- lions repeated in the report ot the Secretary ofthe Navy, and tending to the permanent improyement of this institution, inslte tne 
 consideration of Congress.
 A resolution of the House. of Representa- lives requesting that one of our small pubic vsssals should he sent to the Pacific Ocean to examine the coasts, islands, harbours, shoals, and reefs in those seas, and to ascertain their true situation and description, has been put in a train ofexecutiOn. The vessel is nearly readv in depart: the successful accomplish roenf of the expedition may be greatly acluia- fed bv suitable Legislative provisions; aud particularly by an appropriation to detray Its necessary expense. The addition ot a second and n.rhaps third vessel, with slight ag- gr.vat;en of cost. would contribute much to Inc safety ofthe citizens embarked in this un- 6ertaking. the results of which may be ot the deepest interest to our. country.
 Will, the report of the Secretary of the Navy. will he submitted. in conformity to the sct of Congress, of March 8. 1927. for the ~r.d,,al improvement of the Navy of the u. States. statements of the expenditures under fhat Act. and of the measures taken tor carving the same into. eHect. Every section of that statute containssa distinct pro yision. looking to the great object ot tne whole. the gradual improvement of the Wa. w. Under its salutary sanctions stores or ship timber have been procured' ana are ID nrncess of seasoning and preservation for the . z of tbo Navy Arr9npemPntS have h.en made for the preservation of the i've oax timber growing on the lands of the Un- led States. and for its reproduction to supply n. future and distant days the waste of that unst valuable material for ship building, ny th4 great consumption of it yearly for the eonanerciaI as well as for the military marine ,f our cssuntry. The constructor of the two T.v Docks Hf CharIestown and at Norfolk. is ,msk;ng satisfactory progress towards aura hl. establishment. The examinations and enn,,;ries to ascertain the practicability and exned,ency of marine railway at Pensacola though not yet accomplished, have been post noned. but to hefhe mure eiiectualiy male. The Navy Yards of the United States have heep exaInined,= and plans for their improve ment, and the preservation ot the phohc pro p@rty therein: at Portsmouth, Chaf'es'o" D., Ph;ladelphia, Washington. and .G"sp"rt and ., ,vh;ch two others are added, have been nrepared. and received my sanction; and n" other portion of my public duties has been nerfnrmed with a more intimate conviction nfits importance to the future welfare of the Union.
 With the report from the Postmaster Gen eral, is exhibited comparative view of the gradual increase ofthat establishment. from fo 5 years since l792 until this time, m the number of post offices, which has grown from aess than two hundred to nearly eight thou sand in the revenue yielded by them which from sixty thousand dollars, has swollen to n million and half, and in the number of miles of post roads, which from five thousand six hundred and thirty two have multiplied to one hundred and fourteen thousand five hundred and thrty-s six. While, in the same period of time, the population ofthe Union has about thrice doubled, the rate of increase sf these offices is nearly forty and of the rev enue. and of travelled miles, from twenty to twenty five for one. The increase ofthe rev onue within the last five years. has been equal to the whole revenue of the Department in 1912.
 The expenditures of the Department, dur ing the wear which ended on the first July last, have exceeded the receipts hy sum of a. bout xa5, 900. The excess has been occasion ed by the increase of mail cOn>ryances and facilities. tO the extent of near eight hundred