The Litchfield County post., 1828-04-10
THE TURKS.

 cient origin, and of very comprehensive ex- ient. According to their own tradition, which is supported by other authorities, the name is derived from Turk ,one of the sons of Japhet or Japis, as they term him, one of the sons of Noah, and who is gene- rally allowed to be the progenitor also, of the Moguls and Tartars. Both the pres ent Turks and Tartars are supposed to be descended from branch of the Scythians. Their first figure in history, is about $50 years before Christ, at which they drove the king of the Cimerians from his territo- ries.
 Turk. says M. Volney, is not a name originally peculiar to the nation to which it is applied :; but denoted in ge- neral, in former times, all the hordes dis persed to the east, and even to the north of the Caspian sea, as far as beyond the Lake of Ara the same vast countries which have taken from them the denomin- ation of Turkestan. These are the same people who were known to the ancient Greeks by the names of P arthians, Mass agettG, and even of Scythians, for which "O udNC tIlot Ot ! uCy formed nation of shepherds continually wandering like the Bedoun Arabs, and in every age exhibiting themselves as brave aud formidable warriors. The Arabians, about so years after the death of Maho- met, by order of Calipin Valid |. invad- ed the country of the Turks, ,subdued them and imposed upon them their own religion. These tribes, allied or at variance, accor- ding to their several interests, were per- petually engaged in war. Hence we see, in their history. several nations equally cal led Turks, alternately attacking, destroy ing and expellng each other. Volney, in order to avoid this confusion, has confined the name of Turk to those of Constantino- pie, and given that of Turkestans to their predecessors.
 Modern Turkey is divided into Turkey in Asia, and Turkey in Europe. Turkey in Asia extends from the Archipelago, to the confines of Persia through space of about l,O5O British miles. The boundar- ies towards Persia, are, the mountains of Arrarat and Elwend. Towards the north the Turkish territories are divided from the Russian by the River Cuban & the chain of the Caucasus. In the south they extend to the junction of the Tigris & Epnhratcs, which last river separates for considerable intervalt the Turkish possessions from those of the Arabs. The distance of the Cuban to the junction of the Tigris and Eu- pirates, may be estimated at about 1 100 miles. This extensive empire is divided into nine or ten provinces, namely, Natol- ia west, Karaman south, and Roum north east north of Armenia are Guria or Gu riel, Mingralia, and the Abkas of Caucas- us, the ancient Circassia. To the south of Armenia also denominated Turcomania, are Curdistan, Irac-Aralti, parts ofancient Mesopotamia which partly corresponds with the province of Algeria; and Syria, comprehends the celebrated countries al- ong the eastern extremities of the Levant.
 These, with the rest their empire here comprehend all the countries which are the scene of the Scripture history and the redemption of man, &c. and, in fact, nearly all the ancient world and were successively conquered by them in the fol- lowing order: Armenia and Georgia were subdued in the 11th century; and all Asia Minor soon followed. Their kingdom of Roum, extended from the Euphrates to Constantinople, and from the Black Sea to the confines of Syria. Several successive warlke' princes acquired additional terri tory from the Mamelukes of Egypt and the Persians. Syria, formerly only an appen- dage of Egypt, was conquered by Selim II. in 1926. Turia and Diabekir, the last of which had formerly belonged to Persia, were subjugated by the same monarch i; and in 5S9, Abbas, the great sovereign of Persia, was obliged to surrender three pro- vinces to the Ottomans, though he exten- ded his conquests to the east and Bagdat with the surrounding province of Irac-Ar- adia, became subject to the Turks in l63s The present limits appear to have been fixed between the Porte and Persia in l736 since which period the Turks have been chiefly employed in defending their terri tories against the Russians; all the Turk ish provinces are now divided into Gov ernments, arbitrarily administered by Pa chas, and the extent of their empire here, may be altogether estimated at 10, ,OOO, ,OOO of subjects.
 Turkey in Europe is, its largest sense understood to include all the countries be- tween Russia to the North, and Bucharia to the South, and between the Caspian to the West, and Chinese Tartary on the E,st and occord;nO in D;lL ;notor n x+ocJs