Literary cadet and Rhode-Island statesman. [volume] (Providence, R.I.) 1827-1829, 1828-12-06

aud Bohemia. has bxsn pfspsssd fos sirustuss
by the Secretary of state, aud by the Baron d.
Ledrsdsf. iniro~'sd w'sh foil pswru II shs Aus
trisn 0~ovsrn1'~n'. Independently al The nov
and friendly relations " hich m.y be thus com
asenesd. with one VI 'ns most snsiasn' and pow
srful nations Of the earth, the occssion hs,
been taken in IL, ~ in other recent s~srssiicl
concluded by the United States, " ex'e"d those
principles Of liberal intercourse and Of fair re
c'Prociiy, which interviews with the exchange,
Of the principles Of justice. aud the
Ieeii"gs Of mutual bsnsvoIsncs. This system
first proclaimed 10 the world in The first rom
merciaI treaty ever concluded by The United
States, that Of 9Th February, ITS. with France,
has been invariably tho cherished policy Of ouI
Umson. IL 10 by treaties Of commerce alone
that IL can be made Ultimately to prevail ss
the established system Of ell civilized nations.
With this principle our fathers extended the
hand Of friendship TO every nation Of the globe
and 10 This policy our country has ever since
adhersd-wbsievcr Of regulation has ever been
adopted unfavorable to Tho interest," Of any for
o'gn nation, mas been essentially defensive aud
co"ntera.,ing tn similar regulations Of theirs.
Operating against us. f
Immediately sfter the close of the war Of In
dcPsndence, Commissioner were appointed by
the Congress Of The Consideration, authorized
10 conclude treaties with every nation Of Eu-
rope Disposed to adopt them. Before The wars
Of the French revelation. such treaties had been
contaminated with the United Netherlands,
Swsefen and Prussia. During those wars, irea-
Ties with Great Britain aud Spain had been eff.
fscied, and those with Prussia aud France re-
newed. In all these. some ssions TO the
liberal principles If intercourse proposed by tho
United States had been obtained; but rs, IN all
the negotiations, they came occasionally ~
collision with previous internal regulations, or
exclusive excluding compaois ofmonopoly, with
which the other parties bad been trammelled,
the advances made in them towards the free
dom OF trade were partial and imperfect. Col
oniai embellishments, chartered companies and
ship building influence, pervaded and encum-
berod The legislation Of all the great CONNER.
cial States; and the United States, IN Offering
free trade md equal privileges to all, were
compelled 10 acquesce in many exceptions
with each Of the parties 10 THAR treaties, ac-
commodated TO their existing laws and anterior
engagements.
The COLONIAL system, by which this whole
hemisphere ~as bound, has fallen INTO ruins
Totally abolished by revolutions, converting
colon. es into independent nations, throughout
the two American Continents. excepting a por.
ton Of Territory chiefly at the northern extrem-
- w Set S"bp WV istIttC W " TIA Vi
dominion retained by Great Britain over the in
sular Archipelago, geographically tho appeo.
dages Ut our part Of the globe. With ali tho
rest we have free trade-even with the insular
colonies Of all the Europera nations, except
Great Britain. Her Government, had also man
hssted approaches to tho adoption Of a free
and liberal intorcO rse between her colonies
and oib,s nations, though, by a sudden and
scarcely explained revnlsion, the spirit OF ex;
clusion has been revived for operation upon the
United States alone.
The conclusion Of our last Treaty Of Peace
with Great Britain was shortly afterwards fol-
lowed by a Commercial Convention, placing
the direct intercourse between the two coun-
tries upon a footing Of moro equal reciprocity
than had ever before been admitted. The
same principle has since been much farther ex-
tended; by Treaties with France. Sweden, Dem
mark. the Hanseatic Cities. Prussia IN Europe.
and with the Republics Of Colombia. and Of
Central America, IN this hemisphere. The mu-
tual abolition Of discriminating duties and char
yes, upon the navigation and commercial inter-
course between the parties. ia the general max
i'm which characterzes them ali. There is rea
son 10 expect that i; will, nj no distant period,
be adop,od by other nations both Of Europe
and America, aud to hope, that, by its %univer-
sal prevalence, one Of the fruitful sources Of
commercial competition will be extinguished.
Among The nations upon whose governments
many Of our fellow citizens have had long pend
lrg clamns of indemnity, for deprcdations upon
their property during a period when the rights
Of neutral commerce. were disregarded, was
that Of ID :nmark. They were, soon after the
events occurred. the subject of a special mis-
sion from the Uni'ed States, at tho cInse Of
which the assurance was given, BY his Danish
Majesty, that at a p-riod Of more tranquility,
and loss distress, they would be considered, ex-
amincd, and decided upon, in a spirit Of deter
mined purpose FIR tho di.pensation Of Justice.
I have much pleasure in informing Congress
that the fhlflmont Of this honorable promise is
now in progress; that = small portion Of the
claims has already been settled, to the salts
faction of the claimants; aud that we have rea-
son 70 hope that the remainder will shortly be
placed in . train Of equitable adjustment. This
result has always been confidently expected.
from the chara cier Of personal integrity and of
bencvoIence, which the Sovereign Of the Ds-
nish Dominions, has through every vicissituds
Of fortune, ina intsined.
The general aspect Of the affairs Of our neigh
boring American nations Of the South, has
been rather approaching that Of settled tran
guilty. Internal dlsturba aces have been more
frequent among them than their common friends
would have desired. Our intercourse with all
ha. been that Of continued good will. Trea-
tie. of commerce and Of boundaries with the
United Mexican Staics have been negotiated.
bu, from various successive obsta cIes. not yet
brought to a final conclusion. The civil war
which unfortunately still prevails in the Repub-
lie of Central America, has been ~unpropitious
to the cultiv alton Of our commercial relations
with them; and the dissentions and revolutions
ry changes in the Republics Of Columbia and
Peru, have been seen with cordial regret by us,
who would gladly Contribute TO tho happ ness Of
both. Il is with grea, sat,sfa ction, however that
We have witnessed the recent conclusion Of a
psac "a boil ween the governments Of Bucnos Ayrcs
and Brazil. and il is equally gratifying to observe
that indemnify has been obtained for some Of