Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1827-03-30

described to US those scenes of revelry OF which
he had been so willing participator.
From the National Intelligencer.
COLBERT--No. i.
twas believed that the question Of the right
of Congress to impose duties for the protection
of manufactures, was finally settled, and that ir-
ritaion would never again be excited on the
subject. The beliefhas proved nugatory. Mr..
Hamilton, Of South Carolina, in a speech mani.
testing considerable warmth and strong feeling,
has ae ain asserted the unconstitutionality Of
the system.
"When, in violaiion Of the Constitution of the
United States, you talked Of encouraging domes-
tic manufactures, did they (the Southern mem.
bers) not point to that port Of the proceedings Of
the Convention that framed the Constitution, in
which the power to promote and encourage the
useful arts, sc. by BoUNTIEs, was expire ssly re-
fused to you? Did they not tell you, that the
rights Of one part of the community were i'll
vaGed 6y an iniquiious taxation, for the benefit OF
smaller part.'-Mr. Hamiion,s Speech, Jan.
%, 1927.
This is harsh language-ard, even if.correct,
is not very decorous towards that Legislature
Of the nation, which enacted the existing ia
riff, which is now branded with the opprobious
and disgraceful stigma Of ian iniquitous tara-
ton" aud ga violation OF the Constitution. -
But wha, shall we say of this very strong repro
baton, when it is proved TO be utterly unsound
in principle?
Nothing can be more illogical than to style
'proteciing duty'' "bounty" II is an utter
perversion Of terms. The operation Of both, it
is true, is very nearly similar. But to insist,
from this result, that they are the same, is just
as correct as to assert that beef and bread are
the same substances, because they equally con-
tribute to support the human frame.
On the subject Of the constitu,ionali,y Of pro-
tecting manufactures, it may suffice to refer the
reader to the subsequent essay, published year
since, in which the sentiments Of the first Con-
gress are 10 be found, fully and completely ex-
pressed, beyond the power Of cayil, at time
when the meaning Of the trainers Of the Consti-
tuition, and the proper bearing OF that instru-
men,, were certainly as well understood as they
can be at this day, by Mr.. Archer, Mr.. Hamil-
ton, Mr.. Stevenson, or Mr.. Tatnall. The So
lemn acts of legislation Of that body correspond
exactly with those sentiments. They protect
ed, by duties, agriculture, manufactures, and
commerce; but the second very inefficien,ly.
And however willing the world may be, to do
complete Justice TO the extraordinary talents
and pure patriotism Of Mr.. Hamilton, he will
not be offended at the assertion, that Mr.. Madi-
son, one Of the purest and soundest nen that
Virginia ever produced, is not inferior to him
land when, in the year 1889, Mr.. Madison,
and most Of the other leading members Of Con-
gress, recently from the Convention, not only
admitted the right, but advocated the exercise
Of that right, to protect manufactures, surely il
is among the most wonderful things of the pre-
sent age, that enlightened men, and enlightened
bodies Of men, should now denounce its exer-
else as violation Of the Constitution. Among
the alterations of the human mind, this will
certainly hold conspicuous rank.
Mr.. Madison. "Reguations have been pro-
yided, Tin some Of the States,) and have sue.
ceeded in producing some establishments,
which ought not TO be avo,red TO perish from the
alteration which has taken place. 1t would be
cruel to neglect them, and direct their industry
to other channels; for it is not possible for the
hand of man 10 shift from one employment to
another, without being injured by the change.
There may be some manufactures, which, be-
ing once formed, can advance toward perfection
without any adventurous aid: while Others, for
'canf Of the fostering hand Of Government, ,ciH be
unable ogo on al all. Legislative attention wiH,
therefore, be necessary, TO collect the proper objects
J0r ms purpose. "-Lioyd's Debates, Vol I p g.
1he sams-"The States that are most ad-
vaneed IN population, and ripe for manu- features,
ought to hare their particular interests attended TO
IN some degree While these States retained the
power OF making regulations Of trade, they had
the power to protect and cherish such institu-
lions; oy adopting the present Constitution, they
have thrown the exercise Of this power into
other hands: they must have done this with an
expectation that those Interests rould NOT be nee
iecied her" -Idem, p. "a.
General Wasbington's sentiments on the sub
ject, are certainly entitled to grea, attention.
In his Message to Congress, 1890, he states
"Their safety and interest require that thew
should "prona0fs saeh Manufactures as tend to
render them independent Of others for essential.
particularly military supplies"
To promote here can have no othsr meaning