davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The central gazette. [volume] (Charlottesville, Va.) 1820-1827, 1827-03-24
CHARLOTTESVILLE, VIRGINIA SATURDAY, MARCH o. 1927

towards th's6urg, and substitute Tor tunnel and
locks, inclined planes and railways roads; ani
TO extend b. anch from the main canal 10 tue coal
banks, at or near the mouth of Savage.
30 an act TO reduce. the expenditures of the mi
hlia, aud Tor other purposes reduces the pay OF
The Ettyde fHypecto,s TO siI dollars per day. othe
Oiam and fI|e Majors To too do liars per day; al
lows one drummer aud filler for attending company
masters, at one dollar per day, aud one truupcer
and busler al The same. Tor attending a troop OF
caVahy: the Brigade Inspector no, to employ any
musician to attend the Training oil the oIiccrs Gue
dollars allowed the clerk of each regirnental and
battalion" Court Of Enquiry, for his services at each
such Court, and .fDe dollars 20, making out each
h.t oifnes, except for the 10Th, 39th and flh re-
glmen,s who ave allo cd ten dollar. Tor their ser
wees. The Provost Martial one dollar per Gay-
The adjoian., for attending rcgirnental and tatta,
ION mu'tefs tI'ee dollars per day. and nothing for
attending the trainings Of officers. The pay oi the
Sergeant Mayor is abolished Exp,csses allowed
toa' cents per mile and that only in time OF war.
INVASION, OF In'urrec,ioa. The act gives the En-
ecutI'e powci To es;abii,h new re iuienis in any
county, TO be OF 500 men each
10 Le Camiiaucd.J
The central gazette. [volume] (Charlottesville, Va.) 1820-1827, 1827-03-24
POCKET BOOK LOST

On MS way from Richmond, on Wednes
day last, between Goochland Courthouse and
Mrs. Boyd's, the subscriber lost IA small
Feather Pocket Book, containing some pa
pers which the owner rs anxious TO recover.
Among them was bond executed by VIM.
u. Phillips to Mary Lumpkin, which bond
i,ad been paid oil by Mr.. Phillips through
the subscriber. The fiader would confer a
favor on me by forwarding The pocket book
and contents TO Charlottesville.
@. A. PARSONS.
March 10, 1827-3t
The central gazette. [volume] (Charlottesville, Va.) 1820-1827, 1827-03-24

IasoErent LG@s.-A Gmal disposition, we
learn, Was made yesterday, in the Supreme
Cour', Oh The various questions arising under
State lnsoiven, Laws, which have been SO
repeatedly argued, and so long under advise
'nent. he result is, that where the Contract
Is msae subsequent 10 the law, and Is made
between citizens of The State where the law
exists: Z discharge under such law is n valid
defence 50 also, If made with the citizen of
another State. If such citizen shall chuse to
sue, and the cause proceed TO judgement in
the Courts OF tile State where the law exists.
But IT the contract be made between q citi-
zen oil the State where the Ia W exists and The
citizen Of another State, the party claiming
under the contract may sue in his cons;iiu-
tiona' form, the Cunrts Of the United States
and discharge under Il State Insolyent Law
will not bar The acIiun. As TO contracts
made before The passage Of such laws. our
readers are aware that they are NOT held
subject TO the operation Of those laws, even
between citizens Of the same State.
Nat. mt
The central gazette. [volume] (Charlottesville, Va.) 1820-1827, 1827-03-24
NOTICE.

RICE W. WOOD will hereafter attend
the Superior and inferior Courts Of Law Of
huekingham. HE still practises in the .Su-
perior and inferior Courts Of Aibemarle and
Augusta; and the Superior Court Of Chan
Gerry held at Staunton.
Charlottesville, March ~, '27--4t.
The central gazette. [volume] (Charlottesville, Va.) 1820-1827, 1827-03-24
NOTICE.

The undersigned -tus-c connected them.
selves in the practice of law, aud one or
10th will attend the Superior and Inferior
Courts of Albemarle, Buckingham aud Flu
wanna, and the Superior Court of Chancery.
holden at Stanton.
Tbs employment of one, will be the en-
ployment of both, and they tender their
united counsel aud efforts in the prosecution
ofsuch interests as may be ceufdcd to tl,em
V. w. SOUTHALL,
THOMAS w. GILMER,
January 81, fS27-tf
The central gazette. [volume] (Charlottesville, Va.) 1820-1827, 1827-03-24
NUMBER 800.

to sthe Mexicans, have twelve or fifteen al;
the revoiu.ionis,s inirons at the Aysh Bayou,
and intend 70 send them to ST. Antsanio for
trial.
The above we have made out as The most
probable Oft various reports ;ss6irculalion,
every one coming from The scene of lumult
and eommotion having u story Of his own
10 circulate.
The central gazette. [volume] (Charlottesville, Va.) 1820-1827, 1827-03-24
FOR RENT

wish TO rent the frame building which 7
at present occupy, with half of the lot
attached thereto, on the Main street, near
handon Row.--For terms apply 10 the sub
Scriber. MATTHEW tTAGEy
~ ID. have 1000 lbs. Of Prime Bacon,
which will sell low for Smuu.chauge.
MarGA -, 1927,
The central gazette. [volume] (Charlottesville, Va.) 1820-1827, 1827-03-24
Nat. Int.

We understand that the British Govern
menl has made an alteration in the arrange
ment OF the sailing Of its packets between
The United States and Great Britain, nv
which the place of their arrival aud depart
ure, in the United States, will be the mort of
Annapolis, IN the State Of Maryland, aud
that this arrangement is 10 take effect imme.
diately. al
The central gazette. [volume] (Charlottesville, Va.) 1820-1827, 1827-03-24
Extract Of le'Ier nor, Gen La Fafayette 10 a
iiend New York.
ala GR.soE. DEcEMprp % ,s,e

ella GR.NoE. DECEMBER %, 1926.
"ltis probable yen have noticed in the paper. a
iettc' IRON Philadelphia gentleman, very kinaN
intended, indeed, but where, among GONE a. ifiinc
inaccuracies. there Is an ausion in which he /: To-
'aiy m staken tie has been made to believe was
annoyed with pecupiary applications from Ameri-
can travellers; Il is no such thing Happy would
be TO obise any OF them; but have not been call
ca upon III that way Seeeral visits il has proved
our so"d fortune 10 receive, although TO our srca;
'eS'et, we have been somelin,s vsry inp,ooeriy
eonPiinented out OF that gra,ifcation the greatest
We can ENJOY IN Dur rural abode =.
Every Ame lean friendly call, we consifer as th.
most p'eas'"S Obligation conferred upon. and il j,
the ',ec mission OF any sort OF ceremony in nv u
sua' "ao's % iie' Nf, IRE Post
The central gazette. [volume] (Charlottesville, Va.) 1820-1827, 1827-03-24
FOR SALE OR EXCHANGES.


will sell OH accommodating terms or ex-
change for good land in the county of Abe.
marie any part Of The following property.
4. n Tract Of Land lying on Staun;on
River, in the cnuniy of Piusylyania, forty
miles from l.ynchburg, containing about
3,4OG ACRES.
There ls a small, but comfortable, dwcllip.-
house on this trnct, with convenient out
houses. But little Of the land is clear ex
cept the low grounds aud plantation al,achsd
TO the house. This tract has been divided
into several smaller tracts TO suii purcha
scrs, upon all oc which there is u good pro-
portion of Grst rate gr6Bafe1:? land. On one
Of them isa mill seat. Iirile only vein OF
limestone in that part of the country runs
through this land.
,. A Tract in the county of Bedford, w.
ing also on The Staunton, opposite the other,
containing about 400 ACRES, Of which be.
tween 30 and 40 Acres are river bottom and
the rest rich vallies and poor ridges.
Both the aforementioned tracts are part
OF David ROss's we'll known Smiths Noun.
tain and Fryingpan Estate, and they will
soon have the benefit of navigation To Nor.
folk.
8. A lot of 20 Acres, in The County of
Amherst about two miles from Lyuchbur~
about one third was used as a clover ioI
and the remainder is we'll timbcred.
4. Two lots adjoining the Canal Basin in
the growing town ofDanville, ia Pist,y!v..
MIA. GEORGE TIICKEn
University Of Va, March 10, ,27--,4t.
lit a Court held for .9IbemarIe coun1v rho
9TH March, 1897.
A"0'na' i'i'nan' plaintiff,
AGAINST
Allen Merryman aud Elizabeth bis wife.
formerly Elizabeth Tiiman, - Perkins
and Lucy his wife, formerly Lucy Tilman.
Samuel liogg and Patsy his wife ferrass !:
Patsy Iilman, Malinda Hall formerly Ma.
linda Tiiman, Joseph Martin and Susannah
his wife formerly Susannah Tilman, Daniel.
Paul aud William Nj. riiman, defendants.
IN CH.aJNCERY.
The defendants Allen Merryman and Eli
zabeth his wife, - Perkins and Lucy his
wife, Samuel Hogs aud Patsy his wife, Ma.
linda Hall, Joseph Martin and susannah
his wife, Daniel FiIman and YIN. Nj. iii.
man not having entered theirappearauce and
given security according to the act Of AS.
sembly aud the Rules of this Court, and il
appearing by satisfactory evidence to the
Court that they are not inhabitants of this
commonwealth, on motion of the plaintiff. by
his counsel, it is ordered that the said de-
PENDANTS Allen Merryman aud Elizabeth his
wife, - Perkins and Lacy his wife, Sam
uel HoSg aud Patsy bis wife, Malinda Hall.
Joseph Martin and Susannah his wife, Dan.
tel Iilman and William M Tilman do an.
pear here on the first Monday in June next
and answer the plaintiffs bill! aud ,hat a On.
Ply OF this order be forthwith inserted in tho
CENTRAL GAZETTE newspaper published
in the town Of Charlottesville. for eirht
weeks excessively, aud that another COPY
he posted at the front door Of the Coarth onse
for the same length of time.
IRA GARRETT, d q
March II, iS2T-2m
Constitutional Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1824-1832, 1827-12-29
Administrators Sale.

IN Monday, the 18th day of January next. 1893 T
shall offer for sale, tho highest bidder at the
residence of James Cooke decd. in the county of Pow
aan' ID or 70 negroes, belonging the estate of said
Cooke, consisting of men, women bows and Urls .n.
whom hers is line carpenter. very likely women
and girls; all the household kitchen furniture sto of
shucks. ~ '
IERMs-for all sums of ten dollars ard under, cash
VIII be required; all exceeding ten dollars credi,
W oe gwen until the lst January, 1892
executing bonds with approved security with interest from
the date until paid con the runctna payment of each
bond the interest will be remitted."
On the same day and the same place. shall offer for
sale, TO the highest bidder, the of land belonging 70
the estate of said James Cooke decd, lying ON James
RIVER adjoining the lands of William Waltha,i John q
Dah,ei ana John r. Cooke. Terms made known on the
day by ARMISTEAD A. GREEN "0
Admi'or of James Cooke deed
Powhatan County Goth Dec. 1897 e,
Constitutional Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1824-1832, 1827-12-29

On motion Of Mr. Thompson of Norfolk, an INQUIRY
was instituted into the expediency of establishing
P'ate erection IN the upper end of Norfolk county.
MT. Gaines offered an amendment TO the standing
es y. 'he House, declaring that tho Speaker should
ain no resolution motion the tendency of which
.uouu oe 10 originate new business after the FIRST thr
Jay OF tne session. lie commented on the tendency
OF such rule TO shorten the sessions The resolution
was negatived. ayes 50, noes 70.
nir. Dyer offered resolution for the apponment of
Committee 10 bring in BILL to reduce the paw of
ne members OF the General Assembly and such other
oucers OF The government they might think proper
MS motion gave rise TO severa! Others and after few
REMARKS, was negatved without division.
MIR. Williams of Harrison, moved 10 amend tie rules
OF me House, SO as 10 permit members 10 vote who
may happen 10 be without the bar the House al The
.,nie oil me Speakers putting the question. Mr.. Wit
'ner maze an unsuccessful motion 10 require thai
10 rule should be suspended without the concurrence
OF Two thirds of the members present MIR Gordon
opposed MIR. Williams motion, and it was re ectcd.
oh Mr. Snnpkins notion the SD rule of the House
w. Scott r'''''0" rom " :
on motion of Mr.. Rogers the Peniientiary CON-
mttee were instructed inquire nto the expediency
tion "
An engrossed bill TO amend the act concerning The
representatives of William Arnisead was read and
passed.
Mr.. Lew i, offered resolution TO instruct lie com
mt'ee OF tInance 10 inquire into the prooraty of re-
uucihS Inc pay and mileage OF the members OF the
ene'ai Assembly, and other officers of government
ne chair decided that tue motion was out OF oler-
Mr. Lewis then offered it, leaving out the word pay
a" ,hiS shape The chair entertained the resolution.
MT Ios,on then moved 10 amend the resolution BY
again inserting the word T,ayand this question he
called Tor The ayes and noes-Sorne conversation en-
sued on The point oforder involved in this notion when
'ii INKS thinking The House too thin act on the
SUBJECT moved 10 lay the resolution on the table saw
lug he would call it up ii no one else did.
i'; Irag then moved the indefinite postponement OF
me Whole subject, and called for the ayes and noes
if ocke said nc should vote against postpouerent
"oiie ne opposed TO reducing the pay he thought
me mileage ought to be reduced, high and out
o. proportion to the pay The resolution was nde6-
nifeiy postponed. ayes SO, noes ST.
Constitutional Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1824-1832, 1827-12-29
BY PLEAsANTs & SMITH

10 The CossrrTuTIoNAL WING is published twice
week, wednesdays and Saturdays FIVE dollars pc
annum, payable in advance.
TT Previous to discontinuance of the paper all ar
rcarages must be paid up. And who may wish, to
asconiinue will notify the Editors that effect,
sn.y days before the period expires for which they
scribed.
For adver.isins-75 cents square Cor less) for the
hrs insertion, and 90 cents for each continuance.
number of insertions be noted MS
they will be continued and charged accordingly
" All letters the Editors must be ost-paid or thew
viii receive attention.
Notes OF chartered specie paying Banks of any of
inc states VIII be received in payment for subscription
tue Whig though Virginia u. States Bank Notes would
De pteterrad; and reinances be made through the
Post Office at the risk Of the Editors
Constitutional Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1824-1832, 1827-12-29
I wenty Dollars Reward.

RAN away from the subscr the la OF Sent
negro man named JOE, about 5 feet or 8 inches
high, 20 years old, black, and ade, has down
look, and sraer face than common for negroes He
went away IN sailors dress, and will probably attempt
to pass for free man, and get on board of vessel or
get employment at City Point some where OH James
River. Joe off in July and was taken in Freter
icksbusg in company with several sailors / will give
the above reward for him if taken the State and
ten dollars if taken in the State, and delivered TO me
or confined in jail, that ge, him again
RO. TEMPLE.
Cheserheld, Noy. 28th 1927. wit
Constitutional Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1824-1832, 1827-12-29
MIR. ALPHoNsE LouBAT,s subscrin,i

IM X. ALPhONSE LoUBAT'S subscription for the
L'k introduction of the Pine into the United States
having been nothed 10 the southern public at period
100 late to allow 1t to reach the perusa of an inibitv
OF individuals who, convinced Of its utility and the f-
c'y OF Its culture, would have desired to enter their
subscriptions; he has, conseq ueny made choice seec
ZION oi 2uoou Vine Roots, and ordered this quantity from
ms father in France. They will arrive in New York
therefore, subscribers may still furnish themselves with
supply to the amount specified.
The COST as usual, is rated the fixed price for 1000
s OF over' at the rate of l25 cents each Root;
less than 1000 the rate of Is cents for less Than
oVo ~ cents; and 80 for less than Soto be paid
ON ,ne delivery OF the Roots.
Letters VIII not be received unless post paid.
Subscription lists opened
hichm"nd-wth Davenport, Allen s. Co.
Newbern-Joln Justice.
Raeigh-John Louis Tailor
New York-Alphonse Loubat, as. Wall Street,
Nov % 1T,
Constitutional Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1824-1832, 1827-12-29
EDUCATION.

!" SCHOOL for the next year, will commence on
lSA Tuesday, the LIST of January, aud terminate on
the 18th of December, making of months,
elusive of vacation from the 18th of August till 1st
OF october My terms vary but little from what they
been for the last ten twelve years.
Charge per quarter, (2l ntontks)
For giving instruction in the Greek e. Latin languages SO
do Grammar, Arithmetic and Geography, Q
Spelling, Reading and Writing, 5
Boardng to be paid in advance, 25
Entrances Qor fuel,) 81 per aunum.
w. C. DAY.
Manchester. December -, 1897. wSt
Constitutional Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1824-1832, 1827-12-29
Annual Treasury Report.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT..

I1tEtsUItf IJEPARTMENT,
December 18Th 1927.
Sir: have the honor TO transmit report nrepated
IN obedience to the directions of the Act supplement
tary 10 the Act, entitled "Act to es tabsb the Trea-
sury Department." passed on the 10Th of Nav 1900
have the honor to be,
With the highest respect,
Your obedient servant
-, RICHARD RUSH.
The Hon. the SPEAKER
0fMe House Of Representatives..
Constitutional Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1824-1832, 1827-12-29
WIN. H. Fitzwhvlsonn.

BOOK SELLER, BINDER & S7.aTTONER,
HAS lately received extensive additions to his stock
IL Of quilIs, writing papers Of various kinds, and other
articles of stationary.
lie Keeps constantly hand general of
Day Books, Journals Legcr and other uxijarv Books
Tor Merchants Counting rooms Record Sheriff. Books,
Pocket and Memorandum Books &c.
SPeetactes, Thermometers Spy Glasses, Microscopes,
Pen and Pocket Knives, Globes, Mathematical INSTRUMENTS
Water Colors, Surveyors Compasses aud Chains, Gold
and Silver Pens, Walking Canes;
Bibles, Psalm aud Hymn Books, for various dcnorniua-
tons Of Christians;
All the usual variety of School Books, New Novels
and Miscellaneous publications.
Every species of Book Binding doue in the bes, map
uer and every arns!e charged at the lsyss: yFice.
Des- Ct
Constitutional Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1824-1832, 1827-12-29
Fall Goods and Fall Fashions.
THOMAS NOWLAND

Mems Mercer s Iaior, doors a6oue the Eagle Hotel
EsPEcTFULLY informs his friends and the public in
general that he just received an elegant assor
ment of GOODS, in his lne-consisting blue black and
the most fashionable coored Cloths Cassmeres: also
hands OF Vesing, which he will make nm
at the shortest notice. He feels that me can ex
ecue any orders i'll his line, in the fashionable STYLE
and on the lowest and soctS share of the public
patronage.
Nov. ct u.1o,u
Constitutional Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1824-1832, 1827-12-29
FRESH GOODS.

Il IL rIOf1 JOOl(O.
n HAVE received by The Planter and other late ar
Il rivals, large additional supply of desirable goods,
consisting in part of
New style plaid and fancy prints
Italian nets of beautiful colors
Worsted bereges do
Silk, figured and striped do
Plain aud plaid Gro de Nap
French satins, assorted calofs
India Company sattins and levantines
Heavy senshaws and sarcinets
Fine and extra superfne black bombazue
Merino and chashmere long shawls
Worsted and silk berege aud other fancy handker-
chiefs, assorted
Black and white bobbnett lace wells
Rich bObbinett aud Swiss worked capes, pelerenes
collars and robes
Thread aces and edgiDgs, assorted
Cambria, jaconet null, book and Swiss muslins.
assorted
French cambria and handkerchief
Italian grapes and Grape li,e
Ladies' and geutiemen's gloves assorted
london cloths and cassmeres
Sattinetts of all qualities
Ladies' pelisse and habit cloths
Hferino aud common fanneis, assorted
Heavy rose and whitney blankets
Irish linens and sheetiDgs Of heavy qualities
Long lawns and brown Hollands
large assortment of shell combs
Black and coiored circassans and bombaZetts fpart
very fne)
With a general assortment Of other Staple and
Fancy Goods which offered al very low prices for
cash. HALL NELSON.
Constitutional Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1824-1832, 1827-12-29
REPORT.

ofMe House Of Representatives..
Constitutional Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1824-1832, 1827-12-29
Three Hundred Dollars Reward

WILL be given for the apprehension and delivery to
me, at the Jail of Henrico County, OF JAMES w.
POACH aud WILLIAM w. ANDREWS, who es-
capped from the said Jail on the night of the 10th of
September last, hladred and ftty dollars for
eiiher Of Mem
Poach is about 81 years of age, 5 feet inches
high, red hair and blue eyes; has on his right arm
marked with India ink the initials of hrs name the
representation Of a tomb, with in the attitude
OF weeping, over which is willow, and under which
is the date of his birth, 1906; and his left arm the
representation of an altar and two hearts United over
which two doves suspending wreath of love- and
above the elbow the American flag. Had on linen
Panaioons cotton shirt, half fur hat and strip.
ed coat and vest.
Andrews is about % years of age, light hair iiazle
eyes, swarty complexion, feet 10 inches high has
marked with India ink, his right arm, w. w. Il.
over which Is the American Flag end Eagle; on his
left altar, which altar and two hearts
united, with two doves suspendng wreath of love
Had on pale blue domestic coat and paDtaloons with
hat about half From the best information
have been able TO obtain, induced 10 believe they
are together at work on The Dismal Swamp Canal.
A. r. THORNTON, ID. III.
For John Pegram VI. T.. y. H.
Constitutional Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1824-1832, 1827-12-29
THE VINEYARDS.

Powha,an County, Goth Dec. 1897.
Constitutional Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1824-1832, 1827-12-29

SHALL commence my SCHOOL the ensuing year,
on Tue 1'th OF January, at high, healthy and
tired spot in the upper part Caroline The vacation
WIZ De OF three weeks duration only, and the school will
close on The 10Th of December making the scholastic
OF ~ months as usual The of Instruction will
comprise the Creek Latin and English Languages gram
matcaiy Geography with the of the Maps Globes;
and Euclids or Huttons Mathematics The school will
oe limited to ten boarter and il is expected they will
all times observe respectful and genteel course of conduct
mol only to my family, but TO each other.
IERMs-For Board, Washing and Candles, 500, paid
quarterly IN advance each boarer furnishing bedding
and towels Each pupil considered as engaged for the
year, after entering the school, and deduction will be
made, except for unavoidable loss of time.
JOHN q. LAWRENCE.
South GARDEN, Dec. 18th, 1927. wit
American watchman and Delaware advertiser. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1822-1828, 1827-05-08
PROPOSALS

UNoR the construction and completion Of new PRISON,
in Georgetown, Sussex County, Delaware, OF the ol'
lowing description and dimensions VIII be received py e
Levy Court Commissioners Of said county.
The building to be two stories high, forty-hve feet IN
font fifty feet in width and twenty feet in height 10 the
The materials OF the walls TO be OF the best bricks
that can be had in the vicinity Of the place. except the
show Of the front WALL which must be of good Philadelphia
paving bricks. The roof to be of good shingles.
Through the House. from front 10 rear to be passage
ten feet in width. in each story, equally dividing the
whole with substantial doors at the extremte OF tue low
or passage.
ofthe divisions thus formed the is to be the more
substantial for the prison apartment the outer walls where
of must be % inches M thickness the inner ones forming
one side of each entry IS inches and the suodvldns
walls of the several apartments l inches, OF wn'ch apart
mens there will be four in each story, and each one 70
have fire places and into the windows thereof must be
affixed strong iron CRATES and the doors to be strong ana
The afcrs and olsts strong and the lat
fer not more than six inches apart The Hoors OF the
entries stairway and apartments, to be OF inch oak, and
the finish of the whole to be in like substantial and cor
responding manner
i OF The other division designed for the keepers accom-
molaton the wall will be Is inches III thickness,
the flooring of good pine, with three rooms or more on
each aoor and fire place in each the whole to be OF
good and suitable materials finished in plain substantial
manner the style and construction whereof be what COM
mon and comfortable brick dwellings generally are
b. The wish 10 know the extra rate that
would be asked build it of Philadelphia bricks, WHICH
may be brought Milton, only miles distant by water
Proposals will be received until ,he 18th day OF May
next addressed 10
: Lewes, Del
March ed, 1897. 4l-12