Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1827-05-15
FOREIGN.

ihe DTltisn Nt@t tnuia COLONIES, AusuH's 'S'-o,
| to January 1927, presented TO both House OF
Parliament, by command of His Majesty, lSs7
(1he .follotoug letters haze not get been pub
EShed)
No Air. Secretary Canning 10 Albert Gala
tin, Esq.
Foreign Office, .Noo. ID, 1875.
The undersigned, &c. would Wilt ely have alb
stained from offering any observations On the note
addressed 10 him by Mr.. Gallatin, SC on the 22d
OF September, in reply TO the answer which had
been returned by The Undersigned TO MIR. Gala
tins note OF the Goth of August; the facts OF he
question asitaied between Mr.. Galla,in and tie I'm
dersigned admitting of dispute, aud their pre-
vious correspondence having exhausted all the ar
guments on each side, of which the matter in dis
cusslon is susceptible.
But upon reperusal of Mr.. Gala,in's note after
an interval OF few weeks, there sppear TO he uE-
d.rsisned TO be TWO or three points much relied
upon By Mr.. Gallstin, which it would be improper
10 leave unnoiicsd
The FRS OF these points, and that which affects,
more or less, The whole OF MIR Gslaiin's reason
ing. Is the question OF RICH The rlght,of mother
country to monnpolze the trade OF lis colonies
MIR. Gallatin discusses this question much length,
and attaches himself in ,nst discussion, rather,
perhaps, TO the term, than TO the substance OF the
proposition intended 10 be put forward by the I'm
dersigued
The proposition of the Undersigned is simply.
that there is right in mother country, univer-
sally admitted among nations, to Interdict to 10
reign nations a trade with her colonies.
1t may be true Gas stated by Mr.. Galla'n) that
every country has the same right 10 inter
dict with foreign nations trade with itself But
be the abstract 90 right what il may, this, al
least cannot be denied-ihat the exercise OF that
right has been 30 Usual In one case, and so I'M
usual in the other, thsl the difference OF usage
on 1t be no more amounts almost to a d.geIence
OF principle.
Foreign nations might justly complain of The one
Inierdiction-that OF trade with The mother coun.
Try, an innovation, bat they have no just ground
oi complaint (and otter nation thai the United
States has ever compisined) OF The interdicucn OF
trade TO The colonies; because, Ia all ages, all
tons having colonies have maintained such an in
lerdcion.
Mr.. GalaIin, after having objected, in the be
ginning Of his note, TO The use of the word
- rish'' applied by the UndeI,isned TO the
COLONEL trade oi Great Britain app!Ie- tie
word himself, (inady ertently, PeTh PSI ia sub
sequen, part OF has note, to lie te. dcIion Ly The
Uniied States OF trade in BRUSH snips between
Inc United SiaGes aud lie Dr!l=h West lAdIa CO.
lones.
rhat trade Mr.. Gaialin describes as trade
winch had been carried on merely by "-peIinis>
sion'' - permission which. Gays MIR. Galltin,
the Tinted States had right &c gra"t or 20 wi:h-
hod.''
Now, as according 10 Mr. Calla'in's docrine,
the United States have, In -tIIctuess, right
to exclude British trade altogether from Their
ports, the Undersigned cannot presume to Goa
tend that they have not the " right 10 pro-
hibir trade between those ports and the BRUSH
colonies.
But the Undersigned ventures to affirm, that the
right which they have exercised in the latter pIoh-
oiion ha- peculiar and separate character grow
Ing cat OF long and general usge, To- distinguish il
in principle from prohibition OF oil trade whste-
with The u. Ststes.
Up to the year 1878. Mr.. Galla;in admits that
the ua,le, since prohibited by the United Sates,
Was enjoyed by British vessels, in common win
those of al other counties. The int Gction
therefore, is not OF ancient usage, and j. il
from being generally applied By the X. TO Fo-
reign vessels, that 1t operates against f. Britain
alone.
Il it not at least singular that MIR. Gaaiin should
reserve Tor pracIice thus novel and thus partial
The character g right which be denies to an u
sage old IS Tie establishment Il colonies, aud
universal among all malone to which colonies have
belonged?
Is II no; singular. also, that while MIR. Gal!atn
denies any Claim he pat OF Great Britain to
the continued enjoyment OF trade in The United
S ales, which she admit ed by Mr. GslJaiin to
have enjoyed uain;euupiedly up 10 ,he year 1878,
MIR. Ga.laGn puts forward claim on the part OF
I
MES OF Gee Britain, on The ground Vi ussge and
pGdrtice?
The y. S. says NJ Galla,in, fund e" their re-
clausiion TO participate that Commerce. (tbo
Il abe with tie British sDl Yves, India Colonie- }
on this ground.
! That trade has been allowed Ivy Grea, Britain,
it may be said, from the beginning, aud q. Ill times
and has become hereby far assimllated 20 ,hsl
with the European doniinions 81 g Britain, that
the u. States did think tina, they had thc fame
claim 20 participant in bath. %
J " As early as the year 1888, The Government
I Of Great britain, dey.aing from tina principle Of
she colonial system, according WI ch her colo
Bies were prohibited from trading directly with
any Other country, allowed her VI est India 1olo
MES 70 trade directly with tie u. $. OF Amer ca
In British vessels -
It may be observed 10 these facts, as stated
| by AiI Gaildin himself. that no two things can be
much more different than percussion ION TIE ore
hand) given by Great Britain to British vessels
! to trade directly between Bii i-h colony and a.
bncther country (the vessels OF that other country
remaining 10y law, and 10 fact, excluded from the
pous Of the coioDy) and that " participation" on
the other hand, which implies uale between The
u. States and the West India Colonies IN vessels
oil the u. Siates
The felaxation 10 which Mr.. Gaaiin re'frs IN
fact, did nothing more than permit British vessels
70 bring certain articles mtg the colonial ports di-
rectly from the place ol their protection, instead
OF bringing the ike articles cTcgnousy through
the Unitd Kingdom The question whether tbese
articie- SHOULD be imported crcutously IhrOUab
The unied King ON, directly from The place Of
7, their growth, was mert ~ icIpa cCncefn, whirh
did not vary The exCiutye character Of lie colonial
system, 20 long as that importation was conhnsJ 10
Bgiffsh china