The Litchfield County post., 1827-06-21


 ssases)-if those who examined the subject did not permit themselves to be lost n the mazesOf conflicting systems of political economy It is well known thai des One c"ss s,,oTs which Is founded on duties, prohibitions, and monOpolics and even upon bountics. Their opponents contend for the liberal system. This leaves individuals and capital to seek out their own channels Of employment without the interpretation of government. Their max i'm is that commerce,
 "At sight of human ties,
 "Spreads her light wings, and in moment 1ies."
 There could be no doubt but the latter system was the most attractive and he believed that it's funda mental principles and theories correct. He a disciple of that school, and had been educated in faith in its tenets. But it that abstract and elementary principles furnished unerring rules of con duct for the practical statesman. On such, devoNed the arduous duty of discerning the circumstances linn iting the measures, selecting the and improving the seasons, for modifying, graduating and applying such principles to the actual circumstances and wants of the state.
 If then, said Mir. O. Congress from a or even the principal of the commercial nations of the world, summoned to convene at London, Paris, or ii you please at Panama; instructed to adjust code of in- ternatona regulations, for the of the world he had no doubt of what would be the duty and safe of an American Envoy. He might court the adoption of the liberal system in its utmost lati- tude. There would be no reason to apprehend that the freshness, vigor and sinew of youthful cOnst tuition would not enable to enter advantageouslyIn- to any competition commenced on equal terms. But
 
 late into the family of nations, and could not prescribe t.a spulatons on which she was to be admitted She found this great society governed by laws, big Oted in favor of lnveterate usages, chained to the preudices fthe old mercantile system of counervail- ing duties, drawbacks and bountes, and ranking with the spirit of jealous rivalry and national harc The restrictive system universa-and in all those na- tions with occasional relaxatons, (more colourable than real it is maintained and chershedto this hour. Review the commercial codes of all nations with which the United States have foreign relations, and the truth of this statement is garng to be dened- Great Britain set the example. Her navigation act and her manufacturing monopoly the great pedes- tas upon which is erected that colossus of power which bestrides the commercial world, and have furnished the resources and means of annoyance that have bed her to impose sub bjecton upon some nations, to excite fear in others, and jealousy in all. Whatever may be thought of the abstract policy of these great features of her system the present day, such has heretofore been regarded the practical ei'ect.- Other governments discerning this consequence, have gone work to initiate and counteract her policy.~ The extraordinary parsonage who ruled the desinles of France aud threatened those of the world, believed in the reality of these of British greatness and power. This is manifest from tbe whole history of his public fe and from the details of his conversations his dying hour. France, under her restoral mon- archy, adheres to the same system. She found her self entangled by one commercial treaty with Great Britain, and would not be allured into renovation of compact, by her regarded injurious in its opera ton. Russia, also, for short period, manifested symptoms of good will the liberal school, but repented and returned to her old system. In Germa- ny, Italy, Holland, and every other commercial Euro pean state duties, bounties, drawbacks and restrc tions are the order of the day. To none of these countries you export the domestic productions north of the plantation states except under caprlcous
 licences and veXatious regulations, which destroy the value of the trade. The British system in particular equivalent to total prohibition upon the products of this part of the country. The revised tariff will show that they will admit only what it is impossible for us to introduce in competition with their own produce and fabrics-whle they take nothing from lis, they to have enjoyed the prescrptive usage, (which many o our cit'z1 unwilling to counenance) of supplying us with all we want from hats to shoes, and of manufacturing for us all things down to hob- nail.
 Under these circumstances Mir. O. insisted that the great question to be settled complex problem of abstract political economy, but of practical expedi ency. We could not pause to inquire into the wis dom and policy of this universal system. We pelled to shape according to its bearng.- The all important question IS, what is the actual con- diton of the country? He would not look for swer from the economists or wise scholars of any school but to the plain good sense and sober under standing of every practical man. He would lay Smith and Say and Ricardo, and their friends and foes upon his shelf Europe will take almost nothing which your soil produces. Imports in the long run cannot exceed eXpoTts-eonsequenty the latter must declRe
 first in value by accumulation; then theywill diminish in quantity. There being no foreign market for the surplus produce the farmer will raise than is sufficient for his mere subsistence What thenl the manifest and rapid tendency of this condition of af fairs Without manufactures must come to want every thing, and pay for nothing. Thus commerce and agriculture must sink together like two fond sis ters in gradual dcclinc and be buried i'll the same grave.
 He said he aware of only one answer that could be given to this statement That might be by den- al of the assumption, that the capital released from the occupations of agriculture and commerce could find no other employment. It is of the axioms of the liberal school that capital cannot be annhlated, but will always find employment. But with all his dispo- ston to bow to high authority, he must press the ques tion wherein it be employed unless sent abroad to add to the capital of foreign nationl There is faacy in this axiom in it's application to the of this coustry. and probably in its reference the state of the wor which is uo reproach to these elaborate writers not to have reseen. The ordinary relations of the nations of the world arc those Of war or 1u mors of war. Resides, in almost every nation, the dverstes of soil and climates, though considerable have much uniformity that their wants are more va riabe, and dependent foreign nations for occasion al supplies, and thus afford new openings for the en- ploymcnt of capital. In our country commerce has been limited principally to tue export;on of raw pro- duce, and to the importation of fabrics. Whenever eXportaton is prevented by the of demand a. broad, if the capital be not employed in manufactures that portion o it, and that only, which foreign nations will receive will be drained off in exchange for for eign manufactures, until nothing remains to supply the means of remittance. In this state of things, domes- tic manufactures cannot struggle into existence. The will SOW without hope and reap without advantage. If with this prospect in view, individuals could cheer
 their spirits with fantastic visions of future prosper y and grandurc-could console themselves with cas- ties in the air he enved the rose-coored tint oftheir magnatioDs, but was compelled by his temperament to look to the future through more solnbre medium.
 O. then innnired what rcmedv should ha or,,I