davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Literary cadet and Rhode-Island statesman. [volume] (Providence, R.I.) 1827-1829, 1827-11-28
TIE ~GOJ~ALVIOS.

- The sun W.. sunk the u ion Was ne more;
Nisnl downward ru,nti e npo.ur,u, ii the lrnWn
Of 30, e. awakened Is luh d,tp tnn!cs .car
Ana iorC.s .OMI aiai aHI uOin.alu, .tUln.
Ana ,aI-m e ne co.'s sitc AirHtIt 'Ee pitin;
Wal ho,i ors scream, die Ian lowers e,uuIi,
itua, the uOI!,e sOIm ain1, tt beitnNins mulL,
Aad the suons earthquake, 'nji thr 'Lulir. lag grounl.
DtE.Da I'D 's.t j Put,.
"--------iho hfc. and crack,
OF .UipiTot- rnuIug, the aiot mIsity Neptune
Seem i to Dcsise, SD miNe his boil waves tren4bie,
-. L. ...I IL .n- n
Literary cadet and Rhode-Island statesman. [volume] (Providence, R.I.) 1827-1829, 1827-11-28

lc, Ia Mum UIIVH sILltt.-
--NO 4 Dul,
TU ict a { yrt Of tue mad, and pla,d
SOFA, uieAs ui d. r1aIJn, Az, hut mariners,
Pa 90 m 10 iVmtng Grlr, and lut ih, v'seL
rIt, all a hG ~ Il the, 'he ,n y On, &c dn1HL,
" IN hait ups, rns hen ikc rec -, upt har)
Wa tue hst maa that d cpl, uied. u !" tBPfg
I'D al a., GtyUs 1t A,tF Shakspeares tempest.
The winter Of INA, was remarkable FOR its
and its early approach, having taken
the c%olonists By surprise and a deep snow hav-
ing fallen, IN the early part ofociobsr, the few
fields of corn, and culinary fruits, which had
been planted, were destroyed. aud the Rhode
islanders were threatened wrh a famine; and
anx,ously looked for that season Of the year,
VIXEN tie returning r1ys Of the southern sun,
Martinsburg gazette and public advertiser. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1826-1833, 1827-08-16
1Atagellancou8.

The Sea - There Is somclhng IN
being lear the sea, like the confines OF
eternity II is a new element, a pure
abstraction. The mind loves to hover
on that which is endless and forever th-
same. People wonder at a steam boat,
the invention of man, managed by
man, that makes its liquid path like an
iron railway through the sea. | won
der at the sea itself, that vast Levithi
an, rolled round the earth, smiling in
its sleep, walked into fury, fathomless,
boundless, a huge world of water
drops. Whence is it? whittier goes it?
is 1t to eternity or nothing? Strange,
ponderous riddle! that we can neither
penetrate nor grasp in our comprehen
sion, ebbing and flowing like human
life, and swallowing it up in "thy re
morseless womb"-wh art thou?-
What is there in common with tby
life and ours, who gaze on thee?-
Blind, deaf, and old, thou seest not
nearest not, understandest not; neither
do we understand, who behold and
listen to thee! Great as thou art. On
conscious of thy greatness, unwieldy,
enormous, preposterous twin sister of
matter, rest in thy dark unfathomed
cave OF mystery, hooking human pride
aid weakness. Still il Is given to the
mind of man to wonder at thee. to
confess its ignorance, and to stand in
awe of thy %stupendous nigh! and ma
jesty, and of its own being that can
question thine. -
The human hsart.-Lovers talk of
their hearts beating; it beats with toLe
rable rspidity in those who neither love
nor are beloved In one hour the hear,
beats three thousand six hundred times.
inc discharges seven thousand two hun.
dred ounces of blood, and the whole
mass OF blood in the body is conveyed
through it nearly five times. In a day
the whole blood Of the body circulates
through the heart six hundred times,
Whist we live, let US live well. for
be a man ever so rich when he lights his
me- death may. perhaps, enter his door
before it is burnt out.
ltls better 10 have a son late than no
yer. One seldom sees sepulchral stones
ralsec over graves OF the dead bv anv
"t'er hands than Ihsss of their own of.
spring.
Martinsburg gazette and public advertiser. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1826-1833, 1827-08-16
BEAUTIFUL EXTRACT.

My mothers voice! how often creeps
Its cadence OF my lonely hours
Lake healing sent on wings OF sleep,
Or dew TO the UNCONSCIOUS flowers.
lean forget her melting prayer
While tesping pulses madIy fly
But in the still unbroken air
Her gentle tones come stealing by,
And years, and sin. and manhood fee,
And leave me at my mothers knee.
The book of nature, and the print
OF beauty ON the Whispering sea,
Give aye to me some Iineament
OF what | have been taught to be.
My heart is harder. and perhaps
My maHlIness hath drank up tears,
And there's a mildew in the lapse
OF a few miserable years
But natures book is, even yet,
With all my mothers lessons writ.
/ have been out at eventide
Beneath a moonlight sky of spring,
When earth was garnish'd like a bride,
And night had on her silver wing
When bursting leaves and diamond grass,
And waters leaping to the light,
And all that make the pulses pass
With wilder ieetness, throng'd The night
When all was beau'y-then have
With friends on whom my love is flung
Like myrrh on winds OF Araby,
Gaz'd up where evenings lamp 10 hung,
And when the beautiful spirit there,
Flung over me It's golden cham,
NV mothers voice came on the air
Like the light dropping OF the rain
And resting on ZONE silver star
The spirit of a Bonded knee,
I've pour'd her low and fervent prayer
That our eternity might be
To rise in heaven Ike stars at night
And tread a living path Of light.
Martinsburg gazette and public advertiser. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1826-1833, 1827-08-16
VALUABLE PROPERTY FOR SALE

" ALUABLE PROPERTY FOR SALE
The subscriber will sell that valuable
f.fH'H on which he at present resides. con.
tanning two hundred and sixty acres; the i'm.
proyements are in a good coad ion, and the
land IN 3 high state of cultivation. Also, q small
Farm near Wiillamsport, better known BY the
Jack 1rasf." containing one hundred and one
acres, two thirds OF which is in timber-A Lot,
containing i've acres on which is a Dwelling
House snd Wagon makers Shop Several like
y Young, Negroes; Horses, Colts, Cows and
calves, sheep and Hogs two Wagons, Plougbs.
Hsrrows, and Farming Implements OF all kinds.
ine whole OF the above property or any part
'hereof VIII be sold and the terms mads known
IN application.
JOHN s. PoRTERFIELn
June Lift
Martinsburg gazette and public advertiser. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1826-1833, 1827-08-16
POETRY.
From tue Monthly MagaEne.l
aNnuNHH a

From tue Monthly MagaZneJ
TUE FAR HOME.
Ilook'd on the bright and burning sun,
When he set beneath the wave,
And red clouds DER the dark earth hung,
Ike banners Ger a grave:
The ocean. IN It's fsrthes, bound,
Had wild and fiery hue;
And | thought heard hving sound
From the laud | might not view
Is spoke not to my inward thought,
As if on land or Sea,
There lay the hons my heart had sought,
r where its rest could bes
And | feit as if their hopes were gone,
Tha, sooth'd my heart before,
When ! thought the sense OF wo and wrong
Nigh be lost on some tar shore.
watch'd till the stars of ev'ning had shone
In the blue vaul; of the sky
But ! felt my spiri, dark and lone,
Mid their inhnlty;
For, in that vast and glorious shrine,
Where a thousand bright worlds hung,
Could | single out that world OF NINE,
To which my thoughts had cIungl
Iturn'd me to the e~arthagain-
To a lone aud silent dell,
Where a fountain hush'd the sleepless brain,
And lts gushing waters fell:
A quiet grave was at my feet,
Where one ! had CHERISHED slept;
And the cslm OF that resting place was sweet
As the thoughts OF h,m wept.
And when then found my heart itshomel
Md the brigh, isles of the msinf
Or, vasit where whate'ere may roam.
Hath now no mark OF pant
Oh! was Il not IN that quiet place,
Where The suffering heart might see,
The fepose OF that which bore the trace
Of It's oWa mortality Ii, s.
Martinsburg gazette and public advertiser. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1826-1833, 1827-08-16

question whether the proudest puts.
sance Of conqueror holds up a more
exciting object tor animation, than the
animation OF an aole advocate, or the
clear virtue Of a judge engaged in the
distribution OF impartial justice.
Martinsburg gazette and public advertiser. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1826-1833, 1827-08-16

officers who
went to Canada to bring this banker to
New York have returned without him.
1t appears that he did not wish to visit
New York during the warm season:
and the Canada judges WERE not dispo
sed to part with him at present, with
out stronger reasons than were given
by Messrs. j l. Hays and Brink, the
bearers ofthe New York invitation.
Martinsburg gazette and public advertiser. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1826-1833, 1827-08-16

Females IN Haly.-The following
observations are from one of Mr.. Car
ter's letters
The country was all bloom, and the
lowery plants exhibited a galty of
landscape which can hardly be con
ceived III less sunny chimes. But the
inhabitants are miserable, and know
not how to appreciate or improve the
munlticence Of nature. We actually
saw females harnessed like cattle to
the plough and dragging it through the
light soil, while a man. lounging in
the furrow, guided the share! Wo
man, poor woman, is here emphatic
ally degraded into the drudge Of life,
and it often makes the heart bleed to
witness the burdens she is at times
compelled to bear. There is no af.
tsctatlon or sentimentaIity in this. 1t
Is plain downright matter of fact,
which stares the traveller in the face al
every stepofh his progress through Italy.
Martinsburg gazette and public advertiser. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1826-1833, 1827-08-16
Aug. Q, 1927 d HUNTER. c. &c

VALUABLE LAND FOR SALE-rhs
subscriber offers for sale a very E.4LUa.
Il f-4R.h containing one hundred acres Of
hrst rate iime stone land, lying N the County Of
nefkeiey, four miles from MsrtiDsburg, tho
county " The Improvements are Z good
70 story weather boarded Dwelling House,
hl'enen' Stone ssnoke House, Stone Spring
HOUSE and every othsr necessary building fr
d ia'Hi a good well OF never, falling water WITH
a pump IN IT. a good apple orchard, &c. Rs
ceeHed unnecessary to give q further desFip.
'aon. az any person wishing TO purchase win no
doubt first view the same Inc terms Will be
made Known on application to the subscriber.
Martinsburg gazette and public advertiser. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1826-1833, 1827-08-16

PLHGLLA-Berkeey County Court. "a
JUNE TaRn, 1897
Thomas Patton and Elizabeth bis wife is,.z
lzabeth kerney. widow OF Robert Kernev az
John t. Kerney, William P. Keney. NJ
kerney, Eliza Kerney & Eidegert Kerney. pr
AGAINST q
John Keney, Eliot Kerney, adm;n;s,..
tor OF James b Kerney, decd. and EIa.
kerney, ThomasK erney, Jas: Blue and -
his wife. late Jane Kerney, George St Ara.
and Susan hls wife, late Susan Kepney.-M-
nor aud Elizabeth bis wife, late Elizabeth r.
ney, and Solomon Blue and Mahela his wifels'.
Mahea herney, heirs ard representatives IS
John kerney, decd. and William Long. no."
In CHANCERY.
~ defendants, John Ksrney and FUio,
n herney IN his own right and as adminis,,.
tor OF James b. Kerney, decd Thomas Ks,.
ney, James Blue and Jane his wife. Geo,re :,
Aubin and Susan his wife. - Minor and M;
zabeth his wife, Solomon Blue and Mahela n.
wife, not having entered their appearance. ana
given security according to the act of Assam.
bly, and the rules of this court and it appes,;n,
to the satisfaction of this court that ,hey are
not inhabitants of this state--h is Ordered. Tbs,
the said defendants John Kerncy, and Rniot
Kerhey in his own right and rs adminislrstor Of
James B. Kerney, decd. Thomas Kernev
James Blue and jane his wife, George s.
Aubin and Susan his wife, - Minor and p.
lizabeth, his wife, Solomon Blue and Mabel,
his, wife do appear here on the second MONDAY
in September next, and answer the bill of The
plaintiffs, and that a copy of this order be forth.
with Inserted for two months successiyely i,
the MartlDshurg Gazette. and be posted at the
door OF he Court House of this county.
A C~opy-Teste,
June 81, 1897 D. HUNTER. c.p.
Martinsburg gazette and public advertiser. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1826-1833, 1827-08-16

ADJOINING the above, (being par, q he same
tTacL) On this land is . good Barn, Sable and
Corn.house; a proportIonable part OF this lsnd
IS clothed With fne timber. Appiica, on to DO
made TO James Robinson. The whole of the
above land isnow in a high state of cultivation.
ALEXANDER ROBINSON.
July 26-tf
Martinsburg gazette and public advertiser. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1826-1833, 1827-08-16

A green Oid'ngs.-M Mr.. Joseph Moore.
of Ellsworth, Maine, now in his 18th
year, is stated, in the Ellsworth Cou.
rier, to have made with his own hands.
during the last nine months, $4,000
good shingles, which have been sold for
i6s dollars, besides attending 10 the
work of a farm. lie can hoe, NOV. or
rake as much in a day as any common
man wishes to de-.
A person in Philadelphia, on Sunday
morning, finding himself overcome With
me heat, sat down upon the steps of an
auction store IN Front street, and in a
lew minutes expired. He had Just srri.
we'd in the city.
The New York City Inspector reports
tho death of 1874 persons during the
week ending on Saturday, the as.h ult.
Martinsburg gazette and public advertiser. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1826-1833, 1827-08-16
ST Nm Temple.

"a great man in office is like a
great whale in the Ocean; there will
be a spoora fish and a thrcsher-a
r. and a B ever in his wake.
to attack him-Ihese are the Uered
spirits of the deep, who trouble the
waters, turning them up from every
bottom, that they may emerge from the
mud, and float upon The surface of the
pillows in foam oftheir own making y
Industry can effect much without the
and OF talents; bu. talents can effect
no'hing without industry.
Martinsburg gazette and public advertiser. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1826-1833, 1827-08-16

VIRGINIA, Berkeley County Court, 10 .si,:
.4priL tsrrn. 1927.
Amelia Turner, widow of SIMEON Turner.
dec. pla;n,;er '
against
Thomas C. Lane, George S. Lane, Iobn n.
Lane. Elliot I. Lane. W~illougbby W Lane.
Isaac N. Carter, William Mlller and Marv -
his wife, late Mary F. Lane, John Martin. Jun.
and Mary F. his wife late Mary r. Carter.
George Webb, George w. Webb, Edwin b.
Webb, Wilioughby Lane Webb, John 5, Webb.
William Richie and Clarisss N. his wife Iats
Clarissa N. Lane, Mary Ann Lane. George q.
I. Lane, Alice Lane. William Lane and lame
) Lane, heirs OF James S. Lame. sen. dec.
Defend ants.
IN CHANCERY.
The defendants William Miller and Mar
F his wife, John N. Lane, Elliot 7. lane.
John Msrtin, Jun. and Mar, F. his wife. Georges
Webb, George w. Webb Edwin b. Webb.
Willoughby Lane Webb, John s. Webb. VII.
nam Richie and CisrIssa N bis wife. Mary
Ann Lane. George q. I. Lane, Alice Lane.
William Lane and James S. Lane. nor b.v;na
entered their appearance. and gwen security
according to the act OF Assembly and the rules
y this court, and it appearing to the satisfsc.
tion OF TINS court that they are not inhabitant,
II this staif-h IS Ordered, that the said absens
defendants do appear here On the End Morday
IN November next, and answer the bill of tbs
piaint'ff. and that a copy of this order os
forthwth inserted tor two months srccessiyelv
in the Msrtinsburg Gazette, and be posted /,
ne door OF the Court House of this county.
A Copy-Ieste,
Aug, Q. 1927 n HIINTRu n
Martinsburg gazette and public advertiser. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1826-1833, 1827-08-16

Temperance Temperance, that
virtue without pride, and fortune with.
out envy, that gives vigor of frame
and tranquility of mind: the best guar
dian of youth and support of old age,
the preceptO of reason as well as religion
and physician of the soul as we'll as the
body, the tutelar goddess of health,
and universal medicine of life.
SIR Nm Temple.
Martinsburg gazette and public advertiser. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1826-1833, 1827-08-16
"A tOrer OF the Iedch.
Newton, July g, 1927.

Roanoke Wins--In Virginia, wine
has been made of a native grape, known
in that part of the country by the name
of the Fox Grape. Most other species
come 20 maturity too early, which
makes it necessary to press the Juice
when the weather is hot, and the wine
almost unavoidably turns sour. The
Roanoke grape, however, is preferable
even to the Fox grape, as it is larger,
more fruitful, and Of a superior favor.
1t has been imported from the north
eastern part of North Carolina, and
grows spontaneously on Roanoke Is
land. The vine is hardy, long lived,
and produces abundantly, even at an
advanced age. 1t probably will las,
fifty or sixty years, or even much lon
ger. In the district where il 10 reared
the vine is never pruned, and cattle
are permitted to have access to the H.
The leaves are smooth; and il blossoms
in June; the fruit is round, white and
sweet, and suited for the table, as well
as for the wine press. II is thought it
Will we with the finest grapes OF France
and Spain; indeed those acquainted
with it speak of the flavor of the wine as
peculiar, and different from tAst Of any
other wine The Roanoke grape ri.
pens the last of Septe mber or the first
Of October. A single acre, well manag
ed, would yield four or Eve hundred
gallons of wine. II is thought that it
would flourish in the western and mid
die states, where it would probably be.
come ripe late M October, or early 10
November-a season moat favorable
for making wine. The wine has begun
to rise fast into Importance; and cut
sings of the vine can be obtained in any
quantity by those disposed to cultivate
il. A merchant in Virginia has lately
received orders for fourteen barrels Of
Roanoake wine. from a little town in
Kentucky. Almost any soil might be
made congenial to this grape by the sd.
dition oflight manure
These interesting facts we obtain
from the american Farmer.
Martinsburg gazette and public advertiser. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1826-1833, 1827-08-16

6ttend TO your Peach 1reeS.-
This is the season TO destroy the Pest
which kills this valuable tree-iust a
bove the surface of the earth you will
now find a gum, which has issued from
the wound made by the worm in its ra
wages on the root, and of the eatings,
and of this gum he has formed a sack
IN which he has enclosed himself--a
bout one inch in length, and of a dark
brown color; looking much like tobac
co thrown away after che wing. This
contains an insect and just ready to
come forth with wings: It is of a beau
tlful black looking much like a wasp,
not SO long nor with the small middle
OF chat insect, but having around the
middle of its body a ring of a bright
orange colour-in a few days those in
sects will all be a. maturity, and they
Immediately commence sne W the work
Of destruction, by depositing near toe
root OF the tree their mats, or young
which IN time are quickened and com
mence eating again. Ii is Supposed
that a covering which will proven
their access to the root of the tree.
will preserve il from damage.
- IL NJ
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1827-12-18
EEDSFsDAY, DEC. II, 1872,
IN SENATE


Nh Harrison, agreeaby to notice. asked and
obtained leave 10 bring in bill repeating in part
the dd'y imported sslt
MIR. Harrison said, in explanation of ,hs hill.
that bill OF similar import introduced last sey<
900, and he thin gave his cordial support 40, for
tne reason thai u woold be OF any particular benefit
10 MS part of the country, but because il would %
he considered promote the agricultural inteies, ee-
nerally. Subsequent Information which be obtain.
ed, convicted him that tbs propoged MEASURE was
as necessary to the West as 10 any Quarter of tina
country q great and unexpected Use took plaza
lest yer in the article Of Salt and IL was effected
Oy combination Of those persons who had mono,
polizeh the sources from which tbe salt was obs
tanned From thirty or forty cents per bu.heJ. /,
h'J risen 10 MY cents which was is present price
Inc whole Western Country wa AZ The mercy
OF lew speeulaiors, who might If they choge, in
crease the price 10 dollar a bushel. The obiecs
uon urged 10 The measure proposed was. that il
would destroy Tie infant establishments for The man
u'scture Of salt at home, ard sacgifce for li,ts
present advantage The prospect of persapent and
ample nome supply He woaid abanJon the pro;ert
ne oeheyed such would be The effect. But these
evils would not, in his opinion, result from the bill
IL proposed gradual reduction of the duty Bug
the facts and arguments which he bad 10 advance
IN support Of the bill, be would postpone TO anoS
Tier occasion
The bill was then read, and ordered 70 second
reading.
Mr.. Paris, agreesbly 10 leave, introduced bin
e9'sTy 70 an Ac, FOR enrolling and License
ing vessels employed ia the eors.iSg tradg srs
fisheries
Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1827-11-28

press-,he first time hare ever heard II inti>
mated that an editor must not tell the people
what is going on in this house. The doctrine
is monslrous. ! am truly astonished 70 hear
it uttered. We are engaged IN discussing the
conduct Of our national administration: we are
CRYING out horror! and threatening them with
devastation, and yet gentlemen wonld trammel
the press and conceal our proceedings! Really,
Mr. Speaker, this is poor way 20 support any
cause. Ii had a political friend, who advanc-
ed such sentiments in my behalf, would wish
to shake him off Us soon as possible. Some
gentlemen even 60 SO far as 10 talk ot expuhg-
ing the resolution from the journals! hey
forget surely, the privilege secured by the con-
slitulion to every member, OF having his acts
fairly recorded in The journal. fortunately
sir, there are certain constitutional rights Sc
cured TO me which ] defy gentlemen 10 march
over Who are gentlemen thus anxious to
conceal the proceedings OF this house! II what
we do is right, we surely need not hide II from
public view. Why then do we hear 1t SAID,
that the prints and journals should not shew
facts as they occur? This doctrine is unparal-
lelled in free government 1t is equalled only
by the principles of despolism. Yet gestle-
men who avow such sentiments claim to be
exclusive republicans, and will not allow others
v
that some persons are very anxious 10 work IN
the lead, but it has appeared 10 me little
strange that they will not let me follow. In.
deed, sir, have no disposition 10 follow IN
SUPPORT Of such horrid doctrines as have
heard expressed to-day, for restraining the
liberty Of The press, and concealing and sup.
pressing the proceedings OF this house II
gentlemen who advance such doctrines, are
really friends Of the favoritc CT Tennessee,
am sorry TO see them clog and embarrass his
course by such despotic sentiments. hey
cannot succeed, in this country, In their efforts
TO control the press. The newspapers VIII
speak just as they please, notwithstanding the
threats and dcnuncialions OF gentlemen on ms
noor. Nor is il possible 10 mar and mutllate
the journals. All our proceedings must De
recorded, facts must appear on record. Lei us
then ftarlesslv avow our sentiments and DEFY
the censure OF the world Let US act freely,
publicly and without disguise. Let US march
resolulely forward and not shrink tlom the
responsibility we have voluntarily assumed -
Let us not dread the consequences OF our own
deliberate a"!s.
have thus, concluded Mr. Hope, taken the
view of the subject which | thing it deserves.
Since the matter has been brough; before me,
and am compelled 10 vote II her Tor or against
il, choose to act deliberately and consistently,
regardless of consequent | am not prepared
one minute to say, that our elevated and imPor-
tart public officer is guilty Of nigh crimes and
misdemeanors in his office, and the next min
u,e to declare that his conduct ought not to be
investigated, or he interrupted in his reckless
career
Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1827-11-28
.J.CORSE'S

LOTTERY & EXCHANGE OfflOh,,
King Street, doors " est Of Royal "r 1,
GTWhere some handsome prizes have been sow
the last Lotteries such as $500; OF sloOi an
sos; 20's &c. &c. and the cash always ad'sh'''
demand. ..b or
Orders by mail or otherwise enclosing the cs'' 81
prize tickets promptly attended to, if ADDRESSED ~
nov q JOHN CoRSE, Alexandra