Delaware journal., 1827-12-28

bigotry and prejudice, Wheh opPoseu " 'e
religion.
TURKEY.
At the present moment when so much attention
IS directed towards Turkey, the following account
may prove nteresting:-
The fertility of the land would be proportional to
the mildness of the cllme were there the si'shtes
security to the husbandman, that he VINO soWea
should reap. But the depotlsm, whose more iear
full features are somewhat sotened down ih u,e
preat towns. and their immediate nelghborhootl.
STALKS abroad in the country in all its oppression ana
def ry and industry, farther than It Is exerted TO
procure for the day its daily bread, disappears De-
fore if. The facilities which Turkey enjoys Tor eX
ternal commerce, are commensurate To the aDun-
dance Of her natural riches. The extensive shore
is every where indented into harbprs and the CEN
tra situation of the capital stretching forth ls arms
TO Furope on the one hand, and to Asia on the other,
having the Mediterranean as channel ol comhu,
ncation wih Africa and the Atlantic. and the Red
Sea, and the Arabian Gulf, opening on the Indian
Occan-all those advantages seem TO mark out Con
stantinople as the emporium OF the world.-lhey
have, however. been given to Turkey only to show
how n.anv of the most excellent gifts of Providence
NAV be rendered unavang by the perversty and
ncapacity OF man. The population OF Turkey IN
Europe is varluusly stated by different writer's
Nothing like census has ever been allowed by the
Government, or attempted by individuals, and but
very loose approximation can be expected from cal
culations founded ON false, at best uncertain data
Exclusive If that portion of its subjects who II the
Allies succeed in their object. are now, after nearly
four centuries ofbundage. uneSampled IN the history
OF conquests. to be severed from 1t Eve nope Tor eV-
er) the population Of Turkey in Europe has been es-
tima;ed at ten millions. 1t probably Tails consider
| ably short of that number.
| The army of Turkey used to be about 125,O00,
but of the Ienichcr, it must be remembered consti
tuted nearly two thirds. M1utinous and disorderly
as those cohorts were they formed the most valuable
portion Of the Turkish fo ces, and there can be no
doubt that all the discipline Of the new lcvles will
render them but an Indifferent substitute Vi lrreg-
uar troops the Porte possesses about l0O.O0O which
are valuable only, but that is no unmportant consld-
Grafton. as nursery Of recruits for the regiments
Of the line. In artillery, the Turks have always
been extremely deficient and the Russians whohave
gradually beaten them into the adoption Of modern
tactics. are not n that department the best masters
! it being one in which they themselves have much to
learn. The Turkish cavalry. which is about 10000
in number, is geuei al accounted excellent. The ma.
Wv of Turkey is below contempt. considered as a
national force. 1t has never recovered even its
numerical strength since the terrible defeat 1t sus-
taucd in the halbor Of Fchesme, from the lire ships
Of our courvman Greig in the war OF l772. 1t used
-
but according to the latest accounts, it consists
" Of Is sail of the line, Is trgaes, and about sc
ol a smaller description. The Turks are bad sail
ors every where. but the men-o ar are inilnltel,
worse manned than their merchantmen for Tho
crews Of the former are chiefly made up of the refuse
nf snciety, who are sent hiher to expiate their of
fences On shore. The numerous bays and hatbois
which would. To commercial nation, be the princi
pal Of its greatness, render Turkey only tht
,IoI t,,,,
The passage of the Dardanelles is formidable il
appearance only. The western entrance is nearly
three miles wide and, consequently the forts OF
each side. the guns well served. can offp
but little opposition to the passage OF fleet, whcl
can keep the centre of the channel About Oh,
third of the way up, the channel narrows greatly
But there the forts completely open to coa,p d
main from the aud side and as the STRAIT present
no natural obstacles, with fair wind vessels of tn
largest size may safely pass through IT at midnight
Arrived in the sea Of fMarnora, the difficulty whic
presents itself naval attack is the current whic
sets through the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles to
: wards the Mediterranean, and which can only b
: stemmed bv a favorable wind. This obstacle, whic
). prevented Admiral Duckworth from acting with ei
: feet has, however, since the invention of steam boats
7 ceased to be one. One Of those vessels could no
only tow fleet through the narrows leading to tn
prnuontis. but anchor it under the walls ofCOnstan
: tinople. independently oi ,he Wlha anu In spfe
? the current The shore presents no danger or diff
0 Guilty. From very careful surveys, it appears, tina
G from the castle of the Seven Towers, in the sou
west of the Sraelo in the south east point of the ci
Is. the depth Of water varies from six to thirty ia
: ,homs within few hundred yards of the shore, s.
that "A might lie within cables length Of the wall
from the one extremity to the other. To blockade
or besege the capital Of the Turks, as the progres
i of events or the exiyencies of war might require
d would therefore be matter Of equal facility. Tur
: key not less open to attack by land than BY sea.
q In Asia, generally. her uncertain boundaries arr
= exposed to the perpetual insults of her neighbours
lt - VIM rahs traInnln her