American watchman and Delaware advertiser., 1826-03-17
ron THE NATIONAL JOURNAL
ADLuM ON THE CULTIVATION or lHE vl>e
ON PLANTING VINEYARDS.

ADLUM ON THE CULTIVATION OF IHE VINE
ON PLANTING VINEYARDS.
The first thing to be considered in planting sincyad,
the choice Of soil and situation. The best soil ;s s,,s
whose surface is light sandy loan, and not above az
and half, two feet, deep, above the gravel or ro
either OF which bottoms arc equally good for vines m
the bottom heavy clay 1t not SO good proper o
this purpose; but all sois, however, except heayv &
will answer. The next thing TO be considered is the s
ton, which appears to me, from what have observed :
my practice should be on high ground the ton os
hill, open 10 the east south and west with gradual A.
cent that the rains may the better drain off Where ~
descent is too Steep it requires more than double theb
to cultivate the ground, than where the descent is mor
moderate. Part of my vineyard is the seep side of
HILL and have observed that the grapes the ton 1
hill rpen soonef and BETTER than those half wav toun
and the top of the hill sometimes have the ,elca
foreign grapes, whereas the SIDE they crack and burst
but is of advantage to have the vineyard sheltered nm
the north and northwest
The vineyard should always be open to the east 10 d
off The moisture of the night early possible; and Ian
inclined to think that, in climate, the north side o
hill with gentle slope, will be found best For from The
great amplitude ofthe i'll summer, where the vines face
the SOUTH (our common practice in pIantng the dew and
rains not dried oil until between and O'Clock in he
mornng and then, in the heat Of the day. if the cranes
not sheltered by their leaves their skin scorched and
they either dry up or never rpen well when, if the vines
plan ed on the north side of gentle sopnp hill tbe
would be dried by the first rays of the in the morning
and in the middle of the day it would be shining over ts
descent with moderate heat, than facing the south
This would be great advantage, especially for The moe
delicate foreign grapes though native grapes romtbe
thickness of their skins, stand moisture, heat and every
thing else with impunity.
Having made choice Of the soil and situation the nevt
thing to prepare the ground for planting On land where
there has been meiorating crop, where ie ground
had been well ploughed the preceding autumn, then n
February, March, or April, according 10 the climate or
they may be planted in October or November The land
should again be well ponghed and after having made
pretty even, the should be marked out o suit the
situation or exposure at ten twelve feet apart they
should be again crossed, four, five six feet distant
the which will mark out the place where every plant
is to stand think these distances much better than
where they are planted nearer to each other, the sun
and air will have full scope to dry of The dews. dampsand
all other unnecessary moisture.
Having considered the distance which is necessary 10
plant the cuttings the next thing to dig the holes nut
item in, which ought q be from eighteen inches Two
feet deep, and about eighteen inches square; and ex.
pede the business il will be best to have the holes dug
before hand, and provide number Of stakes to tie
shoots OF the vine 10, according 10 the number Of cuttings
TO be planted; common lathes, such used for he
ceiling of houses will for the first years. After
having the holes dug which ought 10 be done early
possible, lin the month of February to the middle Of April
according the cmate,) and the cuttings provided fom
sixteen inches, to little than feet long, accord
ing to the length OF the JOINTS there should not be less
than five eyes, buds each cutting. lfthe hole should
be too deep for the cutting put OF the best earth
from the surface in II, then put one good cutting into each
hole, with little SLOPE and its top from The sun then fill
j, with the best earth from the surface the
time pressing it gently with your feet to the cutting and
level with the surface othe ground If the upper eye
bud should be above ground raise small hiIock
reach i; and it it should be covered about half inch,
this will do no harm, but be rather advantage, will
keep the sun from drying it, This upper bud generally
will alone shoot but if from any Circumstance The upper
eye Or bud should perish, then the earth to within
half an inch Of the next bud which VIII shoot strong and
vigorous, and the roos sill put out from below
After the cuttings planted, they will require no fur
tier care until they shoot, except keep the ground clear
of weeds, which be constantly attended to- When
Tie cuttings begin TO shoot, and they Of SUI.
fcent length, they must be fastened the stake to pre-
vent their breaking and the shoots advance the fasen
ing should be renewed and all small lateral shoots should
be constantly broke off with the finger and thumb they
appear In the month Of October, when the vines have
done shooting, they should be pmned for if they left
unprned until spring, their shoots being tender, espect
ally towards the upper pars will be in danger Of suffer-
ing If the winter should prove severe.
his pruning after rubbing of the lower eye bud, is
to cut down the shoot 10 leave two eyes and il after
this is done, The earth be drawn up in hill about each
plant it will be defence against the frost. This is The
whole management required the first
j. A.
AT the time you plant your cuttings, stake by each
to tie the shoots TO when they sufficiently strong.