Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1826-12-09
PRINTED AND PUBLIsxED.
DAILY,
ny sNowDEN & THoRNToM'
SATURDAY, DECEMBER 9, 1926.
HAMBuReH, Oct. Is.

SATURDAY, DECEMBER 9, 1926.
HAMBuRem, Oct Is.
The Russian Declaration Of War against
Persia is as follows:
The doubts which Russia entertained re-
specting the nature Of sudden and unjust at
tack are now removed. For a whole month
Russia was willing to consider 1t as Impossible
that the Sovereign OF Persia, IN time OF pro-
found peace, and in the midst OF an amicaole
negotiation. should, without any ground OF Sc
rious difference-nay, even without pretext
for complaint, and without any previous decla-
ration-have ordered his troops TO invade the
Russian territory, and at the same time to make
it the theatre of insurrection and war. This
opinion, however natural, was mistake. Ii
is not one of the barbarous tribes, dwelling on
our frontiers, that has unexpectedly invaded
them, as Russia, in its moderation and good
will, supposed; no, il is the Persian army itself
that has attacked our posts, and advanced to-
wards the interior Of our frontier provinces
Nor is il restless Chief, who, In spite OF the
command Of the Schah, leads them on; II is his
own son, the presumptive heir OF his throne,
that directs this invasion, and accompanies 1t
with invitations 10 revolt. Compelled TO op-
pose force to force, and war TO war, Russia
would consider it as duty to refute, In the
presence Of Europe, the accusations upon
which Persia founded the necessity of these
extraordinary measures, fit were acquainted
with the grievances Of that State, or could E.
ven divine them. But though Russia is igno-
rant Of the object and the causes of the contest
which must he now decided by arms, it will,
however, combining itselfto sketch of its rela
lions to the Government by which II is attack
ed, show whether it had reason to expect such
80 MI ri he irla nf
the law of nations.
At the time when memorable triumphs crow
ned that noble alliance which saved the Euro
pean Continent, and gave peace 10 the world,
it had pleased Divine Providence to bless the
efforts Of Russia in its contest with Persia
Several Persian provinces were conquered by
the Russian armies, and as, in consequence OF
their victories, Persia had solicited peace,
convention between the two Powers was signed
at Gulistan, on the 18th Oct. 1918. 1t is
stipulated, on the principle ofthe status quo ad
presenter, the state Of the possessions of both
parties, and imposed upon Russia only two es
sential obligations towards the court Of Tebe-
ran, viz. to recognise as the lawful heir 10 the
Persian Throne that son of The Schah whom he
should himself appoint as his heir; and, in
concert with Persian Commissioners to settle
the new demarcation of the frontiers, which
were assigned by the treaty of Gulstan to the
provinces which are annexed TO the Russian
empire. The first of these obligations was
most punctually performed by Russia, and as
soon as the Cabinet of St. Petersburg learned
that Feth Ally had designated his son Abbas
Mira for his successor, FASTENED to recog-
Mise his rights as presumptiye heir, with which
his fathers decision invested him. The second
has given rise to some difficulties, and The prin-
cipal was not yet removed when Russia had
the misfortune 10 lose the great Prince who
had carried to so high pitch its prosperity
and its glory. Meantime the negotiations which
related 10 the more important difficulties gave
continued proof of the moderation & frankness
which characterised the policy of the Emper-
or Alexander. In conformity with his orders,
the system of peace, friendship, and reciprocal
good will, which his Cabinet observed towards
all foreign Powers, should be also extended to
his relations with Persia.
These orders prescribed to his Ambassadors
and agents at the Court OF Teberan the mode
of conduct which was best calculated 10 con-
vince the Schah, his heir, and his Ministers,
that Russia had no thought whatever OF con.
auest-that it wished only for repose, and re-
ouired nothing but the execution Of the trea-
ties. They enjoined all the Russian authorl-
ties TO observe the most conciliatory conduct
and measures, which could never tend TO give
to Persia just grounds for suspicion or COM
plant. Lastly, in the difference which had
arisen between the two States, because Persia,
after the cessation of hostiities, had occupied
tract of country between the rivers OF Ischuw
and Kapanakqshay, which, by the treaty of
Gulistan, was expressly assigned to Russia; and
because, on the other hand, Russia had placed
posts on strip of country which divides to the
northwest the waters of Lake Gokthscha from
the mountains that run along it. The Empe-
ror Alexander, far from disputing the rights of
Persia on this point, required no more for Civ
ing it I'D than that the district belonging to
him should be given up al the same time; or
he proposed to exchange this rich and fertile
tract for that bank of the Goktscha which Is Of
far less importance, and whose dry and poor
soil offered no compensation but the vicinity of
the lake. A project of demarcation, contorma-
bic to these proposals, was presented 10 the
Persian Court After long discussions, In which,
however, nothing unpleasant interviewed, the
two parties appeared to be coming to an under,
standing. in March, 1895; and when God called
the Emperor Alexander to himself, every thing
seemed To indicate that this amicabie discus
aim N az .3,a.~;c<- a., = coucluston