The Massachusetts spy, and Worcester County advertiser. [volume] ([Worcester, Mass.]) 1825-1831, 1826-07-19

,e' northern latitude, and the 18th a,
: rom OF east longitude. II is bound.
IN me north by part of Kanem and Ii
aesert on the east, by the Lake Tcha,
nich covers several thousand miles G
e1un,ry' and contains many inhabjte
I" isidnds; on the south-eas, by the kino
5 uom OF Loggnn and the river Sbarv
wnlch divides Bornou from the KINGDOM
Vi begharmI,and loses stselI mine waIeT
OF the Ichad; on the south by Manda
ra, an independent kingdom, situated a
ne foot of an extensive range of primi
tive mountains; and on the west b,
Soudan.'
| The inhabitants are numerous the
principal towns and cities are thirteen.
len different languages, or dialects Of
me same language, are spoken in the
empire.
as deg he5e afRa0 eaa fgu,n Gaple1 aqE vKaRaMgx.
ing faces, with fat negro noses, and
mouths of great dimensions, with good
teeth, and high foreheads. They are
peaceable, quiet, and civil they salute
each other with courteousness and
warmth and there is a remarkable
1 good-naIured heaviDess about them,
which is interesting. They are no
| warriors, but reVengeful and the best
Of them given 10 commit petty larce-
MES, on every opportunity that offers.
They are extremely timid so much so,
that on an Arab once speaking harshly
10 one of them, he came the next day
to ask if he wished TO kill him.
AS their country produces little be-
sides grain, mostly from want of in
dustry in the people. SO they are nearly
without foreign trade.
The Bornou laws are arbitrary, and
The punishment summary. Murder is
punished by death; the culprit, on con-
viction, is handed over to the relations
of the deceased. who revenge his death
with their clubs. Repeated thefts, by
the loss of hand, or by buryiag the
young Spartan, if he be beginner,
with only his head above ground, well
buttered or honeyed, and SO exposing
him, for twelve or eighteen hours, 10 the
torture of a burning sun, and i0numera-
BILE flies aud mosquitoes, who all feast
on him undis!urbed. These punish
ments are, however, often commuted
for others of more lenient kind
Even the Judge himself has strong
fellow. feeling for culprit of this de-
scription. When man refuses TO pay
his debts, and has the means, on a cred
Itor PusDlng ms ClaluIo, the Eodi tahes
possession of the debtors property,
pays the demand, and takes handsome
per centage for his trouble. 1t Is pec-
essaIy, however, that the debtor should
give his consent but this is not long
withheld, as he is pinioned and laid on
his back until ii is given; for all which
trouble and restiveness, he pays hand
somely TO the cadi: and they seldom
find that man gets into scrape Of this
kind twice. On the other hand, should
man be in debt, and unable to pay, on
clearly proving bis property, he is at
liberty. The Judge then says, " God
send you the means !''-.the by-standers
say, g Amen" and the insolvent has
fnll liberty 10 trade where he pleases.
But if, al any future time, his creditors
catch him with even two tobes on, or a
red cap, on taking him before the cadi,
all superhuous habilimenis are stripped
of, and given towards payment of his
debts.
The towns generally are large, and
well built ; they have walls, lhriy-tve
and forty feet in height, and nearly
twenty feet in thickness They have
four entrances, with three gates to each,
made of solid planks eight or ten inches
thick, and fastened together with heavy
clamps of iron. The houses consist
of several court-yards, between four
walls, with apartments leading out OF
them for slaves; Thea passage, and
an inner court, leading 10 the habita-
tons of the different wives, who have
each a square space TO themselves, en-
closed by walls, and handsome thatch-
ed hut. From thence alec you ascend
wide staircase of five or six steps,
4 leading 10 The apartments of the owner,
which consist Of two buildings like
towers or turrets, with terrace OF
communication between them, looking
into The street, with a castellated win
dow. The walls are made of reddish
CLAW, as smooth as stucco, and the roofs
most lastefully arched on the inside with
branches, and matched on the out with
a grass, known in Barbary by the name
NJ Gdthur, The noTns OF the gazeIt
and the antelope serve as substitute
for nails or pegs. These are fixed il
different parts of the wall, and on then
hang the quivers, bows, spears, ant
shields of the chief. A man of conse
Il ouence will sometimes have four 0
Il go 4orrncns and EIGHT inrreia. form