Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1826-03-22

corner stone for all our subsequent transactions
Of intercourse with foreign nations. Its prln.
cip:es should be therefore deeply impressed
upon the mind Of every statesman and negotia-
tor of this Union, and the first four arucles OF
the treaty with France, contain the practical
exposition of those principles which may serve
As models for insertion in the projected Treaty,
or in any other that we may hereafter nego-
tate with any of the rising republics Of the
South.
There is indeed principle of still more ex-
pansive liberality, which may be assumed as
the basis of commercial intercourse between
nation and nation. 1t is that of placing the TO-
Yeigaer, in regard to all objects of navigation
and commerce, upon footing of equal favor
with the native citizen, and to that end, of abol
ishing all discriminating duties and charges
whatsoever. This principle is altogether con-
genial TO the spirit of our institutions, and the
main obstacle to its adoption consists IN this:
that the fairness Of its operation depends upon
It's being admitted universally, For, while two
maritime and commercial nations should bind
themselves to it as compact operative only be-
tween them, third Power, might avail itself OF
its own restrictive and discriminating regula-
tons, to secure advantages to Its own people,
at the expense of both the parties TO the lrea-
Nv. The United States have nevertheless made
considerable advances in their proposals to
other nations towards the gene al establishment
Of this most liberal Of all principles Of CONNER
cial intercourse.
On the Sd Of March 1915, Immediately after
the conclusion Of our late war with Great Bril-
tain, an act of Congress, (U. S. Laws vol. 4,
D. S24,) repealed so much of the discriminating
duties of tonnage and impost, as were imposed
on foreign vessels and merchandise beyond the
duties imposed on the same in our own vessels;
so far as they respected the produce or manufdc-
ture of the nation TO ,oheh the foreign resset might
belong. The repeal to take effect in favor Of
anu foreign nation, whenever the President of
the United States should be satisfied that the
discriminating or countervailing duties of such
foreign nation so far as they operated to the
disadvantage of the United States, had been
abolished
On the Sd Of July, 1915, United States Laws,
vol. 6, pa COS Convention was concluded
with great Britain, by the second article of
which, this principle was adopted for the COM
mercial intercourse between the United States
and the British Territories, IN Europe; so far as
related to duties and charges OF tonnage, i'm
post, export, and bounties upon articles OF the
produce or manufacture OF the two countries,
respectively. II was partially admitted for
dralrbqcks. Bat the intercourse between the
United States and the British Possessions in In
dia was differently regulated by another article
of the same Convention, and that between the
United States and the British Colonies in Anne
RIGA was expressly excepted from the Conyen-
ton, leaving each party to the exercise, IN this
respect, Of its own rights. This convention, ORR
ginally limited to four years, was afterwards,
by the Convention of the goth October, 1918,
United States Laws, vol 6, p. 6o7. extended
fol- the term Of ten years, from that time.
On the 4th of September, 1916, Omitted
States Laws, VOL s. p. 642.) Treaty with
Sweden and Norway was concluded, and eX-
tended to the Swedish Island of ST. Bartholo-
new, in the West Indies; by the second arti-
Gle Of which, the same principle is established
of equal duties and charges; of tonnage, i'm
post, export, and prohibition, upon vessels and
their cargoes, being OF the produce or manu-
facture Of the respective countries, whether IN
vessels Of the foreigner, or the native. he
duration Of this Treaty is limited to the 25th
Of September, 1926.
On the goth of April, 1918, United States
Laws. vol. p. S44 an Act of Congress, re-
pealed all discriminating duties Of tonnage and
Utmost i'm favor Of the vessels OF the Neither
lands, and their cargoes, being of the produce or
manufacture of the Territories IN Europe, Of
the King Of the Netherlands, or "such produce
sand manufactures as can only be, or most usually
says, first shipped from port or place ia the King-
"dom aforesaid" Such repeal TO take effect
from the time'the Government of the Neither
lands had abolished It's discriminating duties
upon the vessels of the United States, and on
merchandise imported in them, being OF the
produce or manufacture of the United States.
By an Act of Sd March 1919, in addition to
the above, United States Laws, vol. 6. p. 4ll.)
il was extended in all its provisions and limi-
tations to the vessels of Prussia, Of the city Of
Hamburg, and Of the City of Bremen.
This same act of Sd Mar;h, 1919, limited
its own duration, and that Of the act to which
it was in addition, and the act of Sd March,
1915, itself, to the LIST of January, 1924.
The provisions of the Sd March, 1915, have
been extended by Proclanations o. the Presi-
dent Of the United States, as follows
1918, cath July, to the Free and Hanseatic
City of Bremen. Omitted States Laws, vol. 6
p. see)
LIST August, to the Free and Hanseatic City
of Hamburg.-p. 600.
1920, 4th May, the Free and Hanseaic city
Of Lubeck.--p COL.
,oor oo,h fbe IN rpdoD, IF Nor