American watchman and Delaware advertiser., 1826-10-20
PAINTING ON PORCELAIN.

'hooght sufficient Tor every purpose where pofceaii,
was mol employed; and the neatness and clean
ness OF this uradorned and simple article gave il
such preference. that her late majesty allowed /,
10 be called QUEENS WARE: but when deEland
arose for more expensive services OF pottery, re-
course was had TO the pencil From tina, perird a
great number of artists have been constantly eu-
ployed 10 painting on earibenware as we'll as iul !.
celain.
! II must not, however, be imagined that paia.;ng
on earihenware was new Invention. The paint
Iings of the ancienls Of this kind, ase va'uahir.
The Marquis Marcello Venuti in his description
OF the curiosites found in the ancient cg o Hera.
clea, speaks OF one representing muse crowned
with laurel. with musical instrument on lei shoul-
ders, which was found in one OF the aubtpri ancan
cavities and is described as being in the posse.. n
OF one OF the principal supporters Of the Tuscan
Academy.
The Romans Of the first century, however, were
ignorant Of the metallic huxes, With which The ned
fix and vitrify the coverings of their pottery.
Certain coors and composition which the po,tets OF
that day employed for glazing, have been found in
the shop OF color mei chant, in Of the streets
OF ancient Pompeia which give satisfactory evidence
Of this.
To return to the consideration OF the paintings
on English earthenware, it must be observed. that
The variety of effect is produced by means ai The
different metallic oxides each Of which Affords
ed by such mixtures of two or more Of lhs oxdi
zed metals, experience has shown to be useful.
In employing these colors, the ground oxide il
first mixed with prepared hux, which is also re-
duced TO an impapabIe powder, and thsl, this nix.
tore is well Incorporated with gum water. the acid
OF tar, oil OF turPen;ine, some either essefa Gil.
The fluids are used merely 10 lay On The coinr snc
it is necessary that whatever oil i, employed, it
should evaporate Immediately, and entirely.
The DreDar2tIups which are commnniy used are
the metallic oxides, and their cnmbinanps with
acids. Thus, cobalt yields blue !; antimofy and
silver give yellows and orange platinum silver
coor gold violet and purple; copper. the greens;
while the reds the browns, and the blacks are oe-
rived from iron.
The oxide of cobalt employed in pottery is usual
ly prepared from zaHre which IS an expensive ar
tcle. imported from Saxony, though few years
ago ii was procured from Cornwall Fer preparing
anllmonial yelows, lhe crude antmony is first cal,
cined with four times lis weight Of ure, ard hen
mixed with certain portion of yitrifed lead Ok
ide of gold precipitaed by copper, makes The finest
purple A small portion Of copper mixed with
oxide of iron, greatly increases the intensity of tie
blacks on earthen ware. II is here necessary to re-
mark. that in painting on the biseuus no oil
used; the colors are mixed with water only For
certain purposes, the painting is performed on the
glaze, as some coors would be- injured, and 9th.
destroyed by the heat Of the gloss.oven Thus,
when II on Is employed to produce black or brown,
The painting is always done upon the glaze. the
Is then finished in an Sna,neliing oven, about de-
grees Of Wedgwooc's Pyrometer.
Lustre icars ia produced by being covered entire.
y ON The exterior, is the when the sulphu-
ret Of anmony is employed or producing COM
mon kind of yellow ware.
Gold lustre is effected by means Of gold. and sill
YER lustre by the oxide OF Platinum.
For preparing the lustre ware, the oxide of what.
ever kind it may be, is mixed with one OF the es.
,ential oils, and IN that state is crushed upon the
surface after the ware is glazed. For gold luslre
he ware is made of red clay, which when burnt
md glazed, shows much of its color through the
covering OF gold, is sufficient TO give the goods
hat peculiar brown tint, which is always obsei yab!e
IN this singular kind of pottery. When the metal
ic oxide has bsen applied 10 the surface OF the
,oods they are carried 10 an enamelng oven where
he heat dsspates the oxygen, and restores those
precious metals to their metallic state-l cannot say
lue to their primitive brancy, because this Is
en injured by the fluid mensruum employed in
he operation. The great difference which there
in the appearance OF this ware, especially that
rhich is covered with platinum can only be thus
ccounted for. Some of it looks like silver, while
rom other manufactures the article looks like
teel.
metallic state. To procure it in apulverised form,
is first dissolved in aqua regia and then the acid
driven off by heat, and the gold remains this is
hen mixed with borax aud gum water and applied
q that state to the eoods after this it is baked,
nd finished by furnishing.
Blue painting. The potters Of England have
eriyed great advantage from the Introduction OF
he printing press. The of this valuable ma
hine, which is comparatively Of late date, has eo-
b!ed these manufacturers TO produce greater
ariety of patterns, and Of nea'cr execa,ion, tina"
oud possibly have been done, at the same expense,
y the pencil As this is a curious brant oil the
nsness. it viii be proper TO describe II ninuey.
The Intended pattern is FIRST printed with some
metallic color chiefly oxide Of cobalt, on wha, is