Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1826-03-22

merican continent. he expedltlon OF MOTIF
10. on its first arrival, was attended with signal
success-Carthagena was taken. The whole
coast Of Terra Firma was occupied, and new
Grenada was entirely subdued A remnant OF
Patriots in Venezuela, with their leader Boil
var, returning from expulsion, revived the cause
of independence, and after the campaign OF 1872
in which they reconquered the whole Of New
Grenada, the demonstration became complete,
that every effort Of Spain to recover the South
American continent must thenceforward be
desperate waste Of her own resources, and that
the truest friendship Of other nations to her
would consist in making her sensible that her
own interest would be best consulted, by the &C
acknowledgement ofthat independence which she
could no longer effectually dispute
TO this conclusion the Government OF the u
nited States had at an earlier period arrived
But from that emergency,t the President has con-
sidered the question Of recognition both IN a
moral and political view, as merely question
of the proper time. While Spain could enter
tain reasonable hope of maintaining the war x
of recovering her authority, the acknowledge
ment of the Colonies as Independent States,
would have been wrong to her; but she had
no right upon the strength of this principle to
maintain the pretensioh, after she was mani
testify disabled from maintaining the contest, &
by unreasonably Withholding her acknowledge
ment, to deprive the Independents Of their right
to demand the acknowledgment of others. 10
fix upon the precise time,-when the duty to
respect the prior sovereign right OF Spain
should cease, and that Of yielding to the claim
of acknowledgment would commence, was
subject of great delicacy, and to the President,
of constant and anxious Sollcitude. 1t natural
" became in the first instance proper subject
of consultation, with other Powers, having re-
ations Of interests to themselves, with the new
| ly opened Countries, as well as influence in the
general affairs of Europe. In August, 1918, a
formal proposal was made to the British 10
vernment, for a concerted and contemporary re-
cogntion Of the independence oil Buenos Ayres,
then the only one Of the South America States
which, having declared independence, had no
Spanish force contending against it, within Its
borders; and where it therefore most unequivo
cally existed in fact. The British Government
declined accepting the proposal themselves,
without however expressing any disaPproba-
ton of it; without discussing it as question OF
principle, and without assigning any reason for
the refusal, Other than that it did not then suit
with their policy. 1t became subject Of con-
sideration at the deliberations of the Congress
OF AK La Chapelle, in October, 1918. There
is reason to believe that it disconnected projects
which were there entertained of engaging the
European Alliance in actual operations against
the South Americans, as IL is well known that
plan for their joint mediation, between Spain
and her Colonies, for restoring them 10 her au-
thority, was actually matured and finally failed
at that place, only by the refusal Of Great Bri-
tain to accede to the condition of employing
for its accomplishment Some dissatisfaction
was manifested by several members Of the Con-
glrss at AK La Chapelle, at this avowal on the
part of the United States, Of their readiness to
recognise the independence of Buenos Ayres
The reconquest in the campaign of 1879, OF
New Grenada TO the Patriot cause, was imme-
dlately followed by the formation OF the RePuo-
lie Of Colombia, consisting Of three great dlvi-
sions Of the preceding Spanish Government,
Venezuela, Cundinamarca and Quito. II was
soon succeeded by the dissolution OF the Spa
nish authority in Mexico; by the Revolution In
Spain ITSELF and by the military operations
which resulted in the Declaration Of lndepen-
dence in Peru. In November, 1920, was con-
cluded the armistice between the Generals Mo-
rillo and Bolivar, together with subsequent
Treaty, STIMULATING that in case of the renewal
of the war, the parties would abstain from all
hostilities and practices not consistent with the
modern Law Of Nations, and the humane max
inns of civilization. In February, 1891, the par
tial independence of Mexico was proclaimed at
Yguala; and in August Of the same year was
recognized by the Spanish Vice-Roy and Cap
tain General O'Donolu at Cordova
The formation Of The Republic of Colombia,
by the fundamental law Of 18th December, 1919,
was notified to this Government, by its Agent,
the late Don Manuel Torres, on the Goth OF
February, 1921, with request that it might be
recognised by the Government of the United
States, and proposal for the negotiation OF
Treaties Of Commerce and Navigation, founded
upon the basis Of reciprocal utility and feet equal
ity, as the most efficacious means of strength
eniug and increasing the relations of amity be-
tween the two Republics.
The request and proposal were renewed In a
letter from MIR. Torres, OF the 3oth Nov. 1921,
and again repeated on the Cd of January, 1922.
In the interval, since the first demand, The Gen
eral Congress of the new Republic had assem-
bled, and formed Constitution, founded upon
the principles of popular representation, and
divided into Legislative, Executive, and Judi
cial authorities The Government under this
Constitution had been organised, and was in
full operations; while, during the same period,
the principal remnant of the Spanish force had