Phenix gazette. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1825-1833, 1825-02-05

the only seat Of war in South America:
The reported bloody battle OF the Sd OF
August turns out mere fabrication:
up to the l4th September there has been
no battle except that ofthe 9Th August
on the plains Of Junia, which resulted
completely in favor Of BoliUar.-By the
latest accounts we learn that the Royal
army was in full retreat towards Cuzco,
for the purpose Of forming a junction
with the division under Valdez, which
had been sent in pursuit of Olaneta, in
upper Peru, who appears to be acting
independently both of the King and the
Patriot Government-but ifthe intelli-
gence ofthe defeat of Taldez by Olanefa,
be true, and there appears no reason to
doubt it, the force of the former must
be very much reduced and the probable
ity of a junction between the two Roy
al commanders must in consequence be
very much diminished. besides, BoI-
iUar wasin full pursuit of Canterac,
whose force had been much reduced by
the loss experienced in the Battle of
Junin and subsequent desertion; and it
was believed that he would be able to
overtake the royal General and compel
him to battle before the possibility Of
a junction of the two armies. BoliUar's
head quarters were on the 18th August
at Humanga. Upon the whole, the al
fairs Of Peru have assumed very favor
bic aspect, and there is very reason to
believe that the campaign will termi-
nate in the total rout and destruction OF
the royal armies and that Peru will soon
be freed from the enemy.-Strong re-
Inducements are daily expected from
Colombia, and new corps are raising in
the province of Truxilo,w with which the
seige of Callao will be undertaken.
Here all is quiet, and the Government
is making considerable progress to-
wards reform. The new Congress is to
assemble on the first of November next,
when it is expected that the old Con-
stitution will be re-modeled, or a new
one formed, upon more popular and
liberal plan, and more conformable to
republican principles. The views and
dispositions of the present Executive
and his ministers are correct and friend
ly to the civilization and improvement
Of the country. But it cannot be de-
MED that the party in opposition is, if
not numerous, very powerful and influ-
entail, as 1t embraces almost without
exception, the Clergy, the Monastic Or
ders, and the Aristocracy. These agents
are active and interchangeable; but it is
believed that the public opinion has re-
ceived momentum from the late exer-
else of popular sovereignty, and the
gradual development of liberal and
correct principles, which it will be i'm
possible even for these fearful elements
to control or divert from the right
course. The Pope's Nuncio, dissatis-
fed with the late measures of Govern
ment in relation to Friars, Converts,
sc. and despairing, no doubt, of being
able to continue in this country any
longer, even spiritually, subject to the
Pope his master, asked for his pass
ports some days since, which were
granted, and he has departed to resume
his functions near the Holy Alliance. His
departure is a subject of congratulation
as well for Chile as America generally
and it is devoutly to be wished that no
new relations may be sought with such
spiritual personages. You will observe
by the papers, that the liberty of the
press is in full operation some per-
soralities and indiscretions are the in
evitable result; but these things will
correct themselves, and from this COLI
sion truth and information will be eli
cited. Our legation enjoy very great
share of influence, both with the Co
vernment and people; and it is believed
that it has been exercised with pru-
dence, judgment and the most sincere
desire to subserve the interests and Sc
cure the liberties of the nation. 1t is
to be lamented that Government have
been compelled, in order to meet the
interest of the loan in London, to grant
a monopoly to company for the term
of ten years, of tobacco, spirits, wines,
tea and playing cards; none of these
articles can therefore be imported in
future except by the monopolists. The
act has caused much dissatisfaction,
and it is presumed will not endure for
more than small part of the time
contemplated"
Not come to hand.
PROJECTED RO.aDS IN MEXICO.