Edwardsville spectator. [volume] (Edwardsville, Ill.) 1819-1826, 1825-05-17
From the New ork Observer.


now IN the Uniled States, is about ,ooo,-
600; that as they are multiplying al the
rate OF nearly per cent. per annum,
heir annual increase is, at least, $4,000;
and that unless we send off more than
ibis number, every year, we cannot di-
minish the amount OF the black popula-
lion. There is talacy i'll this state
mens, which we wish TO expose; and we
are The more anx,ous to do 1t, as we per-
ceive lhst men OF the first intelligence
are very evidently deceived by 1t.
We maintain, then, in opposition 10
this statemant, that il is not necessary
that, Tor the purpose OF reducing the
amount of our black population $4,000
should be transported every wear, or
even one half that number. We con.
tend, jn the other baud, that if The 64si-
ness is prosecuted systematically and
nho7 me hroher PRINCIPLES, tie syAole
black fohuiaion of the United States
may be euenfaaiy removed TO foreign
countries, The number, annually trans
Ported, IS only 10000, or eUen 5000.
To illustrate this position, il will be ne
cessary, 10 advert to some. OF the funda-
mental principles which govern The in
crease OF population.
Let us imagine, then, fertile, but IN
inhabited island, in some remote par, of
the globe, containing 1909 square m,las.
Let Us suppose that colony Of 1000
Europeans, carrying with them know
ledge of Agriculture and The arts, should
plant themselves on this island and tbat
every thing should be as favorable to he
multiple of their numbers as il is
in this country. The population, in this
case, would increase a, the rate Of about
3 per cent. per annum--tha, Is, II would
double once IN twenty years uDti tne IS
land contained as many inhabitants as he
produce of the soil would support;
which we will suppose is 500 for every
square mile. Ii is very evident that, under
these circumstances, population oil 500
900 souls would be produced in few
centuries, from the small stock OF Euro
peans, who formed The original colony.
It is evident, also, that if The island had
contained Only two square miles, instead
OF LOCO, their number would not have
increased at all. Here, then, we disco
yer The first important prime iple, 10 wnich
we would invite tbs attention of our
readers, viz: that the ultimate amount
of any species of population must de-
pend, essentially, on the extent of terri
tory over which ii is permitted TO spread.
If we wish that 1000 persons may n-
crease to 100000, we have only 10
give them land enough, and Time Will
soon accomplish the rest.
But suppose we have the reverse Of
the probiem to perform that instead of
raising ,ooo, 900 persons from 1000, we
are required TO reduce 1000 900 10 1000,
or to o. Take, for example, the island
TO which We have alluded. II has 5oo,-
900 inhabitants. 1t is required, we viii
suppose, TO depopuate il as rapidly as
possible, and, for this purpose, VIC have
the means of carrying off 10000 people
every year. How shall we proceed 1t
is very evident that if the emigrants are
taken, indiscriminate!y, from the mass
of the population, the number will never
be diminished at all; because the natu-
raj increase Of 100000, at 8 per cent.
IS $4,000; and as the island is capable
of supporting half million of people,
The loss created by emigration would be
most edfately supplied by the resu
lar operation of natural causes. But
suppose that, instead Of taking the emf
grants from the mass Of population, we
should take them all from one small por
ton Of the territory; thus depopulating,
at once, district of 30 square miles
and suppose that law were then made,
forever prohibiting any person from in
habiiing the depopulated district. l, is
very evident that, if this principle were
acted on rigidly for 50 years, the whole is
lsndwould be depopulated, although on
ly 10000 persons were taken away each
year; and the same object would be &C
complished in 100 years, if only 5000
were removed annually. Indeed, let the
number annually removed be ever SO
small, by rigid adherence to this prin-
ciple, The object would be eventually
gained.
The Hon. RuFUs KING, of New-York,
has been appointed by the President OF
the United States, to be Envoy Ex.raor
binary and Minister Plenipotentary from
the United States to Great Britain, In
the place of Mr. RUSH, called TO preside
over the Treasury Department. Mr..
KING is well known as having, for the