Massachusetts spy and Worcester advertiser. [volume] ([Worcester, Mass.]) 1823-1825, 1824-12-15

every people have a right TO institute for
themselves the government which, in their
judgment, may suit them best. Our example
is before them, of the good effect of which,
being our neighbors, they are competent judg-
es, and to their judgment we leave it, in the
expectation that other powers will pursue the
same policy. The deep interest which we
take in their independence, which we have
acknowledged, and in their enjoyment of all
the rights incident thereto, especially in the
very important one of instituting their own
government, has been declared, and is known
to the world.
Separated as we are from Europe by the
great Atlantic Ocean, we can have no concern
in the wars of the European governments,
nor in the causes which produce them. The
balance of power between them, into which
ever scale it may turn in its various vibrations,
cannot affect US. 1t is the interest of the U.
States to preserve the most friendly relations
with every power, and on conditions fair, e.
quail, and applicable to all. But in regard to
our neighbors, our situation is different 1t Is
impossible for the European governments to
interfere in their concerns, especially in those
alluded to, which are vital, without affecting
US; indeed, the motive which might induce
such interference in the present state of the
war between the parties, if a war it may be
called, would appear to be equally applicable
to US. 1t is gratifying to know that some of
the powers with whom we enjoy very friend
ly intercourse, and to whom these views have
been communicated, have appeared to acqui-
esce in them.
The augmentation of our population, with
the expansion of our Union, and increased
number of States, have produced effects in GER
tain branches of our system, which merit the
attention of Congress. Some of our arrange
ments, and particularly the Judiciary estab-
lishment, were made with a view to the orig
inal thirteen States only. Since then, the u.
States have acquired vast extent of territory
eleven new States have been admitted into
the Union, and territories have been laid off
for three others, which will likewise be admit
ted at no distant day. An organization of the
Supreme Court, which assigns to the Judges a.
ny portion of the duties which belong to the
inferior, requiring their passage over so vast a
space, under any distribution of the States that
may now be made, if not impracticable in the
execution, must render it impossible for them
to discharge the duties of either branch, with
advantage to the Union.-The duties of the
Supreme Court would be of great Importance,
If its decisions were confined to the ordinary
limits of other tribunals but when it is con-
sidered that this Court decides, and in the last
resort, on all the great questions which arise
under our Constitution involving those between
the United States, individually, between the
States and the United States, and between the
latter and foreign powers, too high an esti-
mate OF their Importance cannot be formed.
The great interests of the nation seem to re
quire that the judges of the Supreme Court
should be exempted from every other duty
than those which are incident to that high
trust The organization Of he inferior Courts
would, OF course, be adapted to circumstances.
1t is presumed that such a one might be form
ed as would secure an able and faithful dis
charge of their duties, and without any mate
rial augmentation of expense.
The condition of the aborigines within our
limits, and especially those who are within the
limits OF any of the States, merits likewise par
ticular attention. Experience has shown, that
unless the tribes be civilized, they can never
be incorporated into our system, in any form
whatever. 1t has likewise shown, that in the
regular augmentation of our population, with
the extension of our settlements, their situa-
ton will become deplorable, if their extinction
Is not menaced. Some well digested plan,
which will rescue them from such calamities
is due to their rights, to the rights of humani-
ty, and to the honor of the nation. Their civ
iization is indispensable to their safety, and
this can be accomplished only by degrees
The process must commence with the infant
state, through whom some effect may be
wrought on the parental. Difficulties of the
most serious character present themselves t.
the attainment of this very desirable result, on
the territory in which they now reside. II
remove them from it by force, even with ;
view to their own security and happiness
would be revolving to humanity, and utterly
unjustifable. Between the limits of our pres
ent States and territories, and the Rock,
Mountains and Mexico, there is vast terrific
ry to which they might be invited, with in
ducements which might be successful 1t i
thought, If that territory should be divided in
to districts, by previous agreement with tn,
tribes now residing there, and civil govern
nents be established in each, with schools fo
every branch of instruction in literature, anC
in the arts of civilized life, that all the tribe
now within our limits might gradually b,
drawn there. The execution of this plal
would necessarily be attended with expense
and that not nconsiderable, but it is doubted
whether any other can be devised whcl
would be less liable to that objection, or NOR
likely to succeed.
In looking to the interests which the United
States have on the Pacific Ocean, and on thu
Western Coast Of this continent, the prophet,
OF establishing military post at the mouth o
Columbia river, or at some other point in tina
quarter, within our acknowledged limits,
submitted to the consideration of Congress-
Our commerce and fisheries on that sea and a
long the coast have much increased, and ar
increasing. 1t is thought that military post
to. which our ships of war might resort, woul,
afford protection to every interest, and have ;
tendency to conciliate the tribes to the North
west, with whom our trade is extensive. 1t
thought also, that by the establishment @
such post, the intercourse between on
Western States and territories and the Pacific
and our trade with the tribes residing in tn
interior, on each side of the Rocky Mountain
would be essentially promoted. TO carry thi
object into effect, the appropriation of an ade
quate sum to authorize the employment of ;
irigate. with an officer of the CORPS of enoi