Alexandria gazette & advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1822-1824, 1824-12-09

I r.s,s - certain branches of our system
e 'r.ch smeri, the attention OF Congress. -
49,, 49," 81 pur arrsns ements, and particular.
s . ~ the judiciary Establishment, were
p.de with a view TO the original thirteen
..s,es only. Since then the United States
!. saye acquired vast extent of territory !;
,.voonew states have been admitted into
~ Union, and territories have been laid
"a for three others, which will likewise
~ admitted al no distant day. An organ
!. :saiion Of tie Supreme Court, winch as.
IONS 10 the judges any portion OF the du-
,;ss which belong to the inferior. requiring
,heir passage over SO vast space, under
sny distribution OF the states that may
.ow be made, ii not impracticable in the
EXECUTION, must render it impossible for
hem 10 discharge the duties OF either
branch with advantage to The Union. The
dnlies of the Supreme Court would be of
sreat Importance, If It's decisions were
sson6ned 10 The ordinary limits of other
tribunals; but when il is considered that
his court decides, and in the last resort on
al tie great questions which arise under
m,r Constitution, Involving those between
the United States, individually, between
the st.tes and the United States, and be,
tysen the latter and foreign powers, too
high an estimate OF their importance cam
oot be formed. The great interests of the
nation seem to require that the Judges of
the Supreme Court should be exempted
from every other dpty, than those which
are incident to that high trust, The or
gapizatiou oftbe inferior courts would, Of
course be adapted to circumstances Il is
presumed that such an one might be form,
ed, as would secure au able and faithful
discharge OF their duties. and without any
material augmentation OF expense.
The condition Of the Aborigines within
ourlimits, and especially those who are
within the limits OF any Of the states, mer-
lis likewise particular attention.. Experi-
euce has shown, that unless the tribes be
civilized, they can never be incorporated
into our system, IN any form whatever, -
lthas likewise shown, that in the regular
augmentation OF our population, with the
extension OF our settlements, their situa-
ton will become deplorable, if their ex.
tinction is not meuaced. Some well di
rested plan. which will rescue them from
such caIamities, is due TO their rights, to
the rights Of humanity, and to the honor
of the nation. Their civilization is indis.
psnsable to their safety, aud this can be
accomplished only by degrees. The pro-
ces. must commence with the infant state,
through whom some effect may be wrought
ootbe parental. Difficulties OF the most
serious character present themselves TO the
attainment OF this very desirable result, on
the territory on which they now reside To
remove them from it by force, even with
view to their own security and happiness,
would be revolving to humanity, and ut.
terly uDjustifiable. Between the limits of
our present states and territories, and the
Rocky Mountain and Mexico, there is a
vast territory, 10 which they might be in
yited, with inducements which might be
successful. 1t is thought, il that ter-
ritory should be divided into districts. by
previous agreement with the tribes now
residing there, and civil governments be
established in each, with schools for every
branch OF instruction IN literature and the
arts OF civilized life, that all the tribes
now within our limit. might gradually be
drawn there. The execution of this plan
would necessarily be attended with ex~
pence, and that not inconsiderable; but it
is doubted whether any other can be de-
yised. which would be less liable to that
objection, or more likely to succeed.
In looking to the interests which the u.
States have on the Pacific Ocean, and on the
western coast of this continent, the propriety
Of Establishing military post at the mouth OF
Columbia river. or at some other pelnt IN that
quarter, within our acknowledged limits, Is
submitted to the consideration of Congress.
Our commerce and fisheries on that sea, and
along the coast, have much increased. and are
increasing. 1t is thought that military post
% which our ships of war might resort, would
afford protection to every interest and have
tendency to conciliate the tribes to the north.
west. with whom our trade Is extensive. II -
thought also, that, by the establishment OF
such post, the intercourse between our west
1n states and territories, and the Pacific and
our trade with the tribes residing IN the interi-
or on each side of the Rocky Mountain, wooid
oe essentially promoted. To carry this object
INTO effect, the appropriation of an adequate
sum TO authorize the employment OF atriSate,
WIN an officer ofthe corps of Engineers, to-
EXPLORE the mouth of the Columbia river and
"s coast contiguous thereto, to enable the Tx
esutiye to make such establishment at the
most suitable point, is recommended to Con'
gress.
& It's thought that ettention is also due to the
Inprovemsnt Of this city. The communication
oesHeen the public buildings, and in various
U'aer parts, and the grounds around these
.aasiidings, require it. n IS presumed also,
.aa the completion of the canal from the IL
vet oths Eastern Branch, would have avery
sutary effect. Great exertions have been
made, and expenses incurred by the citizens,
Improvements of various kinds but those