The Wilmingtonian, and Delaware register., 1824-07-08

lis used as in Europe but in China, the south
alone is considered as the attracting power,
the Chinese compass is named ting-nan-
ching, OF the needle pointing to the south.
The Chinese junks generally sail with one
monsoon, and return with another. In the
northeast monsoon they sail to Manila, Ban
ca, and Batavia, and return to ENJOY ana
Canton, with that from the southwest There
are five junks annually from ENJOY to bata-
via, on board of which considerable number
of Chinese emigrate.
/ The monopoly of all foreign trade is con-
signed, by the policy of the Chinese govern
ment, to limited number of merchants, sell
dom exceeding eight, but occasionally more:
in 1898 they were 10, and in 1908, n. AL
foreign cargoes pass through the hands OF
these merchants, who are commonly men OF
large property; and by them also the return
carpocs are furnished. With them the East
India Company's supercargoes transact the
concerns of their employers; they dispose OF
the goods imported, and purchase the COM
molites which campose the homeward bouud
cargo. At the close of the season, they are
generally indebted to the Company above
half million sterling, and have, besides, pro-
pcrty in their hands belonging to the Com
pany and other British subjects, the aggre-
gate of which has been estimated at two mil
hons sterling.
/ The principal exports from Canton arc tea,
china ware, gold in bars, sugar, sugar candy,
rhubarb, china root, snake root, sarsparilla,
leather tutenague, japan, copper, vanished
and lacquercd ware, drugs, leaf gold, utensils
made of white and red copper, cast iron, silk
raw and wrought, thread, nankeens, mother
of-pcarl, gamboge, quicksilver, alum, dam
mcr, rcd lead, vcrmilon, furniture, toys, and
Il great variety of drugs.
Provisions and refreshments OF all sorts
are abundant at Canton, and, in general of
an excellent quality, nor is the price eXor-
bitant. Every description of them, dead or
alive, is sold by weight. tbs curious fact,
that the Chinese make no use of milk, either
in its liquid state, or in the shape of curds,
butter or cheese. Among the delicacies OF
the Chinese market, are to be seen horse
flesh, dogs, cats, hawks, and owls. The coun-
try is wch supplied with fish from the canals
and numberless rivers that intcrsectth the coun-
try, and the inhabitants breed also great num-
bers of gold and silver fish, which are kept in
large stock ponds, as well as in glass and
china vases.
The lower orders of Chinese, who engage
as servants to Europeans at Canton, are cx-
tremely ready in acquiring a smattering OF the
English lnguagc, and fertile i'll Inventions
for making themselves intelligiblc to their
EMPLOYERS. All Robustness at Canton with
Europeans is transacted in a jargon of the
English language. The sounds of such let
tiers as b, d, X, and Y, arc utterly unknown
in China. Instead of these, they substitute
some other letter. such as l. for X, which oc-
casons Chinese dealer in rice to offer for sale
tn1, f,fli
The common Chinese salutation is hou, poo
hou,' the literal meaning of which is, well,
not wcll.' The name mandarin is unknown
among the Chinese, Cochin Chinese, and
Tunquincse, the word used by all these ma
tions for IL person in authority, being quan.
Mandarin is Portuguese word, derived
from the verb mandar, to command. No
correct estimate Of the population of Canton
has ever been formed, but it is known to be
very great.
THE EYE.-This very delicate and
beautiful organ is exposed u many injuries,
though protected By several admirable con-
trivances, which demonstrate design and
consideratc Kindness on the part OF the Crca-
tor.
A fact is stated in the newspapers, which
ought to be generally known. Apcrson, en-
tering Il room where a gentleman was sitting,
placed his hands over his eyes, in playful
mood, requiring the gentleman to guess his
namc---a practice not uncommon, but, as it
proved in this case, dangerous ono. The
gentleman made strong efforts to discnSagc
hinself, and, when released, he found HIM
self entirety blind. No visible injury had
been sustained by his eyes but it is at least
probable, that, in the struggle, the optic
nerves were either rupturcd or otherwise
rendered useless 1t is well known that the
eye is merely an instrument. BY means OF
its humours, which answer the purpose OF
lenses, the rays of light are brought to focus
on the rctina, forming an image of the cxtcr-
nal object. The retina is an extension of the
optic nerves, which are connected with the
brain. Ifthese nerves are divided the COM
municaton is destroyed, and the eyes arc
rendered useless, though otherwise perfect
The following case, related by an Englis!
surgeon, is in point.
In going through an hospital on the Quay
at Ostend, in order to assist the wounded
French officers that arrived from Waterloo
the night before, | was accostcd by a tai
man of about fifty years of age, a Brigade
General. He was a true picture OF the ole
Napoleon solder--thc thick mustachio-th
dark curled and careless locks-the stern
countcnance, the round earrings, the dccc"a
tion ofthc legion of honour--all marking hin
out as one of the sons of glory. He advances
towards me bowing, and seemed to fix hi
! full black eyes on mine, as he asked for NJ
assistance. begged to know where he wa