The Wilmingtonian., 1824-04-29
MOSCOW.
From Lyall's History of Moscow.

From fyall's History of Moscow.
The police of Moscow is well arranged,
and its system might furnish hints to other
cities:
"Eeach of the twenty quarters OF Mos
COW has Chastnui PristU or inspector
appointed to watch over its district The
duties Of this office are not less extensive
than important. Every inspector ought
to have an exact knowledge OF the inhab-
tants of his quarter, over which a sort OF
parental authority is committed to him;
he is the censor mornm ol his quarter;
their out-goings and in-comings should be
known to him, and his house must rot be
barred by night nor by day, but is to BE-
place of refuge. continually open to all
that are in danger or distress he ought
not to quit the town for the space Of two
hours. without committing the discharge
IF bis Office to some other person. The
constables and the watchmen Of his quar-
ter, as we'll as the inspectors of the sub
divisions of his district, are under his COM
mand, and he is attended on all affairs of
his office, by two scrgeants. He has his
own office, and together with a burgher
cndeavors to settle disputes and affairs of
minor Importance.
These quarters are again subdivided {:
"The number of watch-houses in Mos
COW; in 1905. was $50, and now amounts
to 500. They are called but.:ie, or butka.
in the singular. They are really small,
substantial wooden houses, furnished with
stoves, and are inhabited by the patroles
or watchmen. Three watchmen live in
each butka, who keep watch by night and
by day, taking their turns alternately eve
ry four hours. BY this calculation, the
number of watchmen for the city amounts
to 1850, of whom 500 are constantly on
duty. by day as we'll as by night, and the
remainder ready in cases of emergency.
The watch-houses are mostly placed
at the corners Of the streets, and in pub
lie situations. The watchmen are called
butoshniki, are furnished with halberts
when on duty, and have a soldierlike ap-
pearance. Besides their proper destlna-
tion, they are to assist in taking up offend
ers, and in any service that their COM
manders or necessity may require.
Il have admired the expedition with
which quarrelers or drunkards are quiet
ed by these people. If words and scold.
ing, and gentle correction have no influ-
ence, the whole watchmen of the butka
are Immediately summoned. and the dis
turber of the peace is lodged in safety in
the watch-house till he becomes managea-
BILE, and in the morning his conduct is de-
cided on.
"The police takes cognizance of all
persons in the capitol travellers who
come and 60 are subject to certain forma-
lities, which render it extremely difficult
for them to conceal their place of abode.
or their departure from the city. 10 this
end every householder and nnkeeper, is
obliged to declare to the police the names
OF those who lodge With him, or what stran.
gers have put up at his house. If a stran-
ger or odger, stay out all night the land
lord must inform the police of it, at least
on the third day of his absence, from his
house. The cautionary rules in regard to
quitting the town are still more strict
Those who would leave, must publish in
the newspapers, their names, their rank
in life, three several times, aud produce
the newspapers containing the advertise
ment, as a testimonial 20 the government,
they then receive their passports, and
without these, it is next to impossible to
get out of the empire.
GA resident in Moscow, who wishes "a
quit Russia, has a deal ns trouble he
must first get the certificate of his con.
duct, that no complaints of debt are lodg-
ed against him, and that nothing retards
his departure from the kvoltarnik. This
testimonial he must present to the cbast-
nui pristaf, who furnishes him with ano.
ther certificate. This last he again per.
sonally presents to the head police mas.
ter. which being signed, he goes to the
printing office, and delivers it to the con.
ductors of the Moscow government news
papers; all these previous steps being ne.
cessary to obtain insertion, the name now
appears in the newspaper three times
A petition is now presented to the military
governor, and afterwards personal ap.
plication is made to him in the morning
The passport is then ordered. and may be
got ready in day Or two, or, il well ma
naged almost Immediately.
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