Alexandria gazette & advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1822-1824, 1823-05-20

1t was allowed to be the third city in
rank in Spanish America. No trace
of the town now remains visible it
was swallowed by an earthquake in
l773, by which 5000 families are SUI.
posed to have persisted. The dread
ful catastrophe was occasioned by the
Eruption of the Guatemala Volcano:
it is a high forked hill, which generally
throws out smoke and fire at tie ap.
proach of foul weather 1t nay te
seen at sea for some distance. although
situated s leagues within land from lis
coast of the Pacific ocean. No;wnh.
standing these disadvantages, the soil
is very abundant; it produces cochi.
neal, cotton, indigo, snd cocoa in great
Quantities; honey. balsam. and wosd.
The merchandise is usually conveyed
to the port Of St. Thomas, in the BAY
of Honduras, from whence it is ship.
ped for Europe.
The capital has been for third time
rebuilt. 1t stands 95 miles from ito
former station, ia a magnificent place,
adorned with monas,eries, churches.
and university. supposed to be ths
best in the empire The population
has been estimated at 1900.
The English settlement at the Bay
of Honduras, contains about 700 whites
and mulattoes, and about 5000 slaves
The Mosquitoe Indians iuhabiting
the coast Of Honduras. are the most
civilized. and number about 1000 fight
inc men. The Poyers are more brave
and warIike than the Mosquitoes; but
they were formerly tributary to them,
owlng to the superior civilization o:
the former tribe
The Chap delcs Indos is the largest
Indian town in Gua,amala it lies wesr
Of Cuidad Reals, and contains about
90 600 Indian inha bi' ants
Tie volcanoes throug h the whole exc
tent, are very Dumerous and terrific
Some travellers has asserted, that no
less than twenty are. If we may be al
lowed the expression, IN constant blast.
This country, had it been known tothe
sncients, would ba,e been called the
residence of Vulcan and the CycloIs.
The above is a rude and imperfect
sketch OF the province, that now solI-
cts admission into our republican ia"
mily. and we can but fatter ourselves,
that we forsee in this overture bond
Of union and alliance between two
mighty republics of the west at soIne
future day an alliance formed between
freemen for the preservation ct their
rights. more sacred than that which
now presumptously arrogates to itseI.
the name of holy. Mexico il destined
to be great and mighty nation; lne1s
haustible in fertility, Astounding with
gold and silver mines, which have sup.
plied nearly the whole commercial
world with the circulating medium.
Nrw YoRk, May I6.--The removal OF
,ha L.-r and The government OF Spain
from Madrid 10 Seville. is a measure cal
culated TO enIbarrass the government Of
France in the prosecution Of the projects
OF the latter against the independence Of
the former country. The svowed object
OF the war is, to put down the present con-
stituton, and restore the KIDg to HI, free-
dom and his ancient prerogatives. To
accomplish these most important results,
it is essentially necessary that the French
should be able to lay their hands upon the
Spanish government So long as the King
and The Cortes are out Of their reaches
long must the contest be kept up and the
warfare be continued. The Spanish 20
vernment being placed on the opposite
side OF the Kingdom from the French from
tier, the invading force. must fight their
way across the Spanish territory, thus e1-
posing themselves to all the difficulties
and dangers OF a guerilla wartars--the
very kind of fighting which is of all others
the most peyplexIng 10 regular army, and
especially TO an invading army. Besides,
if the French troops should advance so
is no doubt that the Spanish monarch and
the government would be removed 10 Ca
diz, where the invaders would find II eI-
treme'y difficult to get al them.
Probably the most unfortunate thing.
that could happen to Ferdinand, short OF
being killed, would be to be separated
from his government, and 10 fall into The
hands Of the French. Once fairly nd OF
him, probably the great body OF the na'Ios
would unite, and bend all their force a
gainst the French. The fret consequence
OF such an event would be, the formation
OF provisional government, under y ,:ich
revolutionary people always tight better
than in almost any other situation
We should not be :urp-isediI the emo
val OF The king has. in some measure at
least, disconnected the French IN the rop-
eratiOns. ii NUT be a serious underla"
K & tn march their troops acros the Spa
nisbIterritory, exposed as they must re Ioa
iesullory wa fare. az inst which neither