The Portland gazette. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1818-1824, 1823-07-29

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PORTLAND, TUESDAY. JULY %, 1921.

PORTLAND. TUESDAY, JULY 20, 1929.
The latest accounts from Spain, are received
by the ship Nestor, which arrived at New-Ycrk.
on Thursday last. She left Liverpool on the
10th Of June, and brings papers Of tie 18th.
L appears from them that the King of Spain
left Seville for Cadd on the 9th Of May, and
was expected at Cadiz on the lst Of June.
The positions of the French and Spanish ar
mics, as near we can ascertain, are as follows.
Gen. Nina with force Of about 6OO0 men. is
carrying on desultory operations in Catalonia,
and is opposed by the 4th corps OF the French
army under Money. The last accounts left
Nina at Urgel, at the foot of the Pyreaees,
closely pursued by the division under Donna
dieu. Part of this corps is investing Figueras
and Barcelona.
Gen. Moiitor with The end corps, was proceed
ing on the last Of May from CASTLE and Arraeon
to support Money, when finding his assistance
was not necessary in that quarter he turned of
towards Valencia, where Ballasteros had com
PEELED The Royahsts TO raise the sege of the city
of that name. Dalasteros has a force of from
5000 TO 5000 men.
The lst and Sd corps Of the French army, m
der Oudnot, Duke of Reggie, and Prince Ho-
henlohe are scattered through CASTLE and Leon
the main body however is encamped ia the
vicinity of Madrid. Two divisions from these
corps, one 1000, the other 5000 strong are push
ing on to Andausia and Estramadura one by
Talayera, the other through the Sierra Moreno,
and BY Cordova to Seville and Cadiz. These
columns are opposed by AbisbaI's army, now
commanded by Castelldosrius and Zayas, and the
troops which followed the Cortes they are for
tifying Badaos, Salamanca and Cudad Rodrigo
and preparing TO defend the passes of the Sierra,
!
proach of the French, we find every where that
the Spanish troops retreat and their delences are
abandoned.
Gen. MorIlo has his head quarters at Astorra
in Leon: there is also a small Spanish force in
Asturias and another in Murcia. The Cortes
keep possession of the King, and will undoubt-
| eddy take him with them in thea, Eight however
unwilling he may be, even il they should be com
| PEELED TO seek refuge in the Canaries.
The French force left in Madrid is 5000, bat
the main army is encamped 10 the neighbor-
hood within call
! From review Of the late intelligence from
| Spain, we cannot but draw an inference uniayor-
/ able TO the cause of the Independence of the ma
! ton. BisCay, Navarro, Arragon, Old and New
! CASTLE and Leon, have been oveTrun bv the
! French, and their inhabitants have united with
| them, and apparently with corliaity il the res
| toraton of the Royal authorities. And in the
| remaining provinces, that Of Catalonia seems 10
be the only one, where any thing like spirited
exertions are making in support OF the constitu-
ton.
Although we hear Of an occasional attack or
defence partially successful, instead of deriving
much encouragement from them, we ought rath-
er to be surprised and greyed that we hear of 50
few, and that the enemy IL general is not more
roughly handled.
Spain furnishes a new example If anv were
wanted, to prove that revolution brought about
by military force, can be neither durable in its
existence nor salutarv 10 its effects 4 change
Of government which is not founded upon en-
lightened public opinion, viii be nothing more
than change from one tyrant to another; and
it is the same thing whether the power be trans
ferred from one to the many or the reverse.
The principles of a republican government
can no more exist, where the mass Of the popu-
lation is ignorant and corrupt than life can be
supported in the exhausted receiver Of an air
pump: neither can arbitrary government any
more be maintained where the population is in
structed and enlightened. The mere deposition
of king an aristocracy by an armed force.
can effect oaly change OF masters, unless the
public mind is prepared for the reception Of free
principles, by general diffusion of information.
II is manifest from the experience of all history,
| that a revolution accomplished by military pow
err, only gives Won twenty tyrans instead of one.
The assassination Of Sultans BY the Janissaries
ever since the establishment, in the Ottoman
Porte, of those summary expounders and execu-
tors of the law, never has relieved the Turks
from the pressure Of single particle Of despot-
ism. Nor did their illustrious predecessors, the
Pretorian guards, accomplish more ~ re-
peated murders Of the emperors Of Rome
But we need not go back beyond our own
times 70 show that mere military revolutions, or
any other but those founded in public virtue do
not impart the blessings of liberty nor establish
upon solid basis the principles Of free govern
ment. The American revolution, which was
emncntly of civil character and grew entire
/ " out of an enlightened public sentiment, gave
tue first impulse to the spread of the liberal prin-
ciples of the present day. In France, some
minds Of high order were filed with enthusiasm
by the success of America; but not being sup
ported BY the mass Of the nation, their efforts re-
suited in anarchy and confusion, which prepar-
ed the way for military despot. more arbitrary
than any Of the descendants Of the ancient dyn-
astv Still these attempts, although unsuccessful
in the main design, had the effect Of putting the
minds Of the people in nation, and leading them
to reason upon tile conduct of their rnlers and
upon the general doctrines government. And
notwithstanding, they have returned to some
thing like their former misrule, vet there is
spirit stirring in their bosoms, which will here
after, we doubt not, result ia the happiest couse-
quences.
Tie examples OF Spain, Naples and Portugal,