Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1823-12-02
FOR THE ENQUIRER.
JOHN G.. CALHOUN-No.4.

In politics as IN religion, IL so happens that 10,
haze less charity for those toho JeIieue The hat
orour creed, than FIR those srho deny N,
,chofe Of II. LACoN.
That this truth is siuguiarly exrmplifed in
the conduct Of Mr.. Cran ford's partisaps in
Virginia towards Mr.. Calhoun, shall now de
monstraie under the head off objections TO the
latter of these candidates.
In reference to the bank of the u. S. and in
ternai Improvements, il is alleged of MIR. Cal
houn, that /" he mistakes the true theory 81
our constitution, and advocates the assamp-
ton of extensive powers by the federal 60.
vernment which were never conferred. Thai
He, ALSO, argued -fking into ,ie,v The pro.
hi6itiOn against The STATES issuing bills of ere
dii, that there ioas Il strong presumption this
po'Osr ieas intended TO be exclusively given 10
Congress"
These objections are taken from the En-
qulrer of the Sd Oct 1928 The words in ita-
tics are quoted by the editors Of that paper
from Mr. Calhoun's speech on the bill for in
corporating the bank Of the u. Snow adj
uniting for moment, that the extract 10 ita
hcs, taken with he context, fairly represents
the sense of The speaker. land shall present
~ shew most conclusiveIy, that IL does mott w.
here have " the very head and front Of his Of
Tending against state rights. How does Mr.
crawford stand on constitutional grounds p
ihis Or. {. whom the Enq1irrr holds up as
hirinG sinned less tl.an either OF his rivals
Mr. Crawford was, IN the Senate, the chair
man OF The committee that reported The bill
for recfarering the OLD back al the y. s. in
lGll. He WAS the father of the measure. -
Ms Calhoun, in the Houss9f Re representatives.
occupied the same relation 10 III. bill for incor
porating the new bank IN 1916. Here the
parallel ceases, and the contrast brsins-Over
control Whatever the stock of the institution
was almost exclusively oward by fsderalis,s
ana Foreigners. who, on great occasions, exer-
CISCO fearful Influence over our political
elections, aud even directly nser the fiscal
Operations, of the govprpment itself The ne,y
bank, on ;he eSniia v, was placed mainly un-
Der me control of the government aud the
ioH'-hitns OF ITS stock not owned by he u. 5.
ar prioclpally IN the hands of 4 nrricaD ciI-
zehs' Wiliinni eislinciloD of pariirs. Mr. Craw-
iofd con-derrd the bank as y means nec9sSTylj
ndProper 10 the right of raising revenue. He
even taxes the higher argumen, of conUenieece.
we d" not the avOw9di say, that the ,xis-
te"ce oi the government absolutely depends
upon NE Operations Of the bank but that a
haunnAi bank enables the government TO ma
haSr lis hscal concer15 mure adrGni1gesus,
thhn II coqi! by any otisg means" Til. i
precisely the frdrrai ,round assumed in 1891
anu e"mhaitrd 5y1Tr whO' republican par
~ thtn a. III minrrty. Thia 'njaority Mr.
crawford chararfrrises as '.iRimcaw 10 the
irueia' rOO5iilIilon /; and expressly saws " the
o'd bank law passed IL III" test days fthis re-
pune From dis IL appears, ihg reIsahli
can preference attributed To him by hi. p,rti
san Tor the hrs' iour years of Mr. Jpn1rsoa's
ao'niastF1,ionr l. but IA, sfier though ID ilc-
~ ~ iGr lie political leap year that is NJ
mana The truth Il, that most Of his princi.
PIES ~ g"vern'SeHt are like the calculations il
an a'naii'c--they are made for, aud run out
with he year.
ih- above Is but small part Of the aDii-re.
puonc7n speech which the Enquirer yer,
Ju3'iy admits To be- " a blot on the escutchppn'
VI us iaV"rIle. The editors however never co.
Py or quote The speech itself. Like alb. ad
'vca'es al The bar, they seen TO pul 10 tn,
plea ni guilty To exclude all nggravating cir
cumstancrs from the Jury. In the followin,
extracts fipm Mr.. CaIhoun's speech on thrnrw
oahk we shall see whether the editors hsy,
SHOWN equal kill in prosecution as in defence
mr. CALHOUN said -" as TO The state of In,
currency of the nation, that il was extrempl,
appreciated and in degrees varying with In,
Hiherent sections Of the country. All would AS
sent. That this state of the currency was ;
STAN on buhiic and private credit, and iniuri
Gus 10 The morals Of the community. WAS .,
u u""r proposition as ia require no proof
mere were, however, other consideration,
arising from the state Of the currency not so se
n, NJ, lett not so generally assented to-
me present state of our circulating medium
was ne SAID. opposed to the principles of In,
federal constitution. The power was given I,
congress, ny thatinstrument, III express terms
u regulate The currency Of the IT, S. I'm poiu
W Iac'' 'hat power though given to Congress
Is NOT now ~ their bands. The power is exer.
eised by banking institutions, no longer respon
slble for the correctness with which tbev ma
nhSet Gold and silver have dlssupeared an
urely there is no money but peper nonev
ana thdt Is beyond the control Of Congress. =
NO one, continued Mr.. Calhoun. who refer
feut I" Tie constitution, could doubt. that I'm,
money Oh the u. States was intended to n,
paced entirely under The control Of Congress
1he only object the Trainers Of the consti,u
uon could have had in view in giving 10 Con
sress the power " tn coin money, regulate tl,,
Sa'ne thereof, ard % foreign com" must has.
peen 10 give steadiHess and fvedness of vain,
10 ine currency Of the u 3. The state Of thing
az The time Of the adoption OF the conslifn
""''' Afforded an argument in support Of tli
construction. There then existed a dsprec;.,f
20 paper currency which could only be- rccu
ia'en ana made uniform 10y giving powe
i LOT mar purpose to the general government
Inc states could not do it. He argued. there
lore, taking into view the prohibition arains
the states issuing bills of credit. that there wa
strong presumption this power was intend
ca ~ be given exclusively To Congress- ",
Nai6oun said, he acknowledged there was n,
fhis Is the sentence quoted bv The r,o,,,- n a.. o.
oet"er last, ~ have already noticed IL tbe beyi "o =
nesion Vii, a. we reader Judge Of it' meaning cor