Edwardsville spectator. [volume] (Edwardsville, Ill.) 1819-1826, 1823-03-01


articles, TO furnishing the most distant
countries, as we'll as the most sumptuous
courts, with its useful and elegant pro-
auctions.
Calico, or cotton cloth, is now general
ly become substitute for linen cloth
throughout the kingdom, not only for the
finer parts of female dress, but even for
domestic purposes, where strength and
durability are required. Calico is so
called from Callicut, city on the coast
of Malabar, being the first place at which
the Portuguese landed when they dis
covered the Indian trade. The Span
iards still call it Caklacu.
The demand for printed callicoes.be-
coming common, induced some persons
to attempt the art in London, about the
year 1876; and in 1922, an act was pass
ed to promote the consumption of our
own manufactures, which prohibited
the use of foreign oallicoes, that were
either dyed or printed, to be used as APP
pareI or furniture, under penalty Of
five pounds to the informer for every
offence; and diapers selling such cali
co forfeited twenty POUNDS The eff
feet of this act was this: it drove the
calico printers to initiate the India
chintzes, by printing Irish and Scotch
linens; which was continued until the
making of cloth from cotton was cstab-
lished in England,
The manufacture OF calicoes and
musline Of every description, with thai
OF veivets, fustians, Countsrpanes, &c. is
now carried on 10 such an extent, and
brought to such perfection, that it is
supposed the neighborhood of Man
chester could supply the whole world
with these goods which, instead OF be-
ing imported from the Eas;, are at pre-
sent shipped for the Indies in grea
quantities. BY the aid OF our machinery
We also produce from cotton, lace OF 50
even fabric, and at prices 50 intimately
below what il can be made in for linen
thread, that il has in great measure
superseded the use OF real lace.
Manchester being the centre and
heart oi the eotlon-Irade, has either CIV
en- birth to, or attracted genius from al
quarters oil the nation, to assist in The
necessary operations for forming ia
brIcs as numerous as lhelr enbeillshlng
colors are various, in which the arts d
the engineer, The mechanic and the artist,
as we'll as the spinner, the weaver, the
bleacher, the dyer, the stalner, and the
chemist, are all called into action.
This vegetable wool, that employs SC
great portion OF our population, is in
ported IN a raw useless state, and IS ad.
vantaseously exported, aiter beng
stamped with British art and industry.
The following account Of pound
weight of unpanutactured cotton strl-
kingly evinees the Importance of the
trade and employ afforded by this vrge-
table: The cotton-Uool came from the
East-lpdIes to London from London il
went to Manchester, whore ii was manu-
featured into yarn; from Manchester il
was sent TO Paisley, where ii was woven
1t was then sent 10 AYRSHIRE where i,
was tamboured il came back TO Palsy,
and was there ycined; afterwards 1t was
sent to DumbartoD, where il was hand
sewed, and again brought to Paisley
whence it was sent to Renirew 10 b1
bleached, and was returned to Paisley
whence it went 10 Glasgow, and was Il
nished; and from Glasgow was sent per
coach to London. The time occupied
IN bringing this article to market was
three years, from its being packed 10
India ill it arrived in cloth at the mer-
chants warehouse in London: it must
have been conveyed 5000 miles by sea,
and about 92o by land and contributed
to support not less than l5o people, by
which the value had been increased
1000 per cent?
So wide and SO beneficialy is the in-
hnence Of The cot'on-trade spread, that
to the knowledge OF The author of this
work, one individual in the metropolis
pays annually from zen 10 twelve thou
sand pounds for the article Of silycr-gill
wire, which he prepares for the mates
sacturers Of Paisiy, to be woven in the
corner of each DENY OF lnusllo, in ini-
tatlon of She India custom.
The cotton wool. is not on " used for
genuine articles but is emp 10y ed to adult
terate, or as a substitute for silk ; aud
even many of our linen cloths have