Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1823-09-30

Captain had no orders to go 70 that port. II
IS evident, that such a circumstance could
make no difference as TO the right of entering
and the honor of the flag of a national shin
which requires, that no submission to foreign
force should be submitted to, in the practice
of what is lawful. The flag, which was tri-
umphant over the English in the late war and
that of the revolution, whenever there wa,
not large disproporton of force, is not to be
abashed or Inundated by the miserables of
King Louis. We therefore undertake 10 denv
that such was the real cause Of not enterinr
Cadz. When the ship sailed from the II
States, Cadiz was not blOckaded nor expected
To be. The instructions for the voyage IN
this account, were properly varied to suit the
| change Of circumstances. But this is unim-
portant tn the immediate subject Of consdera
ton. The Congress undertook the excursion
To Cadiz, and if it was lawful to 60 there, she
ought not TO have stOppt d without being over
powered, aud not have yielded obedience un.
der the star-spangled banner, which must have
been previously struck but as entering Cadiz
in the state of blockade, which existed. wac
admissible only as a courtesy, however reason.
able, that courtesy admitted not Of compulsion
These observations are made in justice to Mr..
Nelson and Capt. Biddle, as the presumptiye
ground of their conduct.
The wits of the Franklin Gazette have nos.
sessed themselves of singular view of the
matter. They have supposed, that the rights
OF embassy are concerned in il They quote
Martens and Vattel without understanding
them. or even attending to their literal express.
slons. The latter they quote ia direct contra.
diction OF their own position. Speaking of a
besieged town, he says, :" No right can autho
rize the minister IF neutral power, nor anv
other person whatsoever, to go into il without
the besiegers' leave" Thus far ne speaks of
the perfect right of blockade under the law of
nations. Mex he adds as to the comfy or
courtesy, belonging to the case" but To pre.
vent offence, good reasons must be given IN
sovrreigns for this refusal IF letting their nm
'siers pass, and tcith such they are 10 be salts
fed, II they are disposed TO remain neutral.n
Though therefore the French Admiral has
practised dIscOurteOus act, he has done
nothing unla,gfid.
The circumstance of the Minister being nm
board of the Congress had nothing 10 do with
the principle Of the affair. What is in ques-
ton, is solely the universal exclusion of n
blockade by the law of nations. The cause
Tor attempting an exception is merely circum
santial and variable. There might be- bow
ertnl objection to permitting minister from
Buenos Ayres, since the late preliminary trea-
ty, To pass through blockade to the seat of
the Spanish Government, when there would
be none to allowing the indulgence To a Rus
use the general terms quoted from Martens.
they mean nothing more than TO describe a
national attribute, in the relation between The
power sending and thar tO which the minister i,
sent. Neither France nor any other nation.
since the revolution was consolidated by The
treaty of peace Of 1888, denies as this right.
for II would be fo deny the sovereignty of the
nation. But it cannot be understood TO con-
troll the ordinary laws of war or police. as
tha4N lAs4tn tn. fl...r,
made to bend to the accommodation Of a mi
mister, il is only through the ciyity of an ex.
peeted reciprocity.
Walters treatise, although il is not much
NOR than filling up of the outline, traced
~ w VI, sometimes confusfs principles by its
defamation, hut upon this subject, it is strict
y didaciic.
Though we make no doubt, that an apo
'ogy VIII be offered for The French admiral on
account ofhis want of attention and ci,iiity.
DR. Monroe is ton enlightened and rxperi-
enced diplnmatist. to require il ia the formal
manner imagined by the Gazette. I IT, S. Gaz.
we did not know, lays the Troy Sentinel,
till lately, that Ambassadors were articles
c"ptraband of war; hun il seems they are. for
the French b!ockading squadron off Cadiz,
mas refused To permit our minister, MIR. Mel
SON, to go in and enter upon his representa-
~ iuhCtiouS III TIE constitutional court oil
Spain.
Capt. Adams, of the brig Fame, arrived at
New York, in 81 DAYS from Campeachy, in
forms that the Congress was to meet on the
lOth of August at Yucatan, to settle tie affairs
of the new government.
We learn fiom the sane source, that Spa
nsh schr had heen fitted out by numb. of
merchants at Campeachy, and on the Isl of
August, oiftha harbour, attacked and eaptur-
ed pirate, after killing five of the villains in
the contest. The captain of the pirate COM
mitted suicide by shooting himself in the ca
bin.
Mr.. Southland. who has received the APP
pontmenf of Secretary of the Navy, has been
Tor the last two years a Senator Of the United
States. from New Jersey, and though yet
young, had previously presided for some years
on the Bench Of his native state Indepen-
dent OF his personal merit the selection was
probably, IN some degree. influenced by re-
gard to the claims of New Jersey, for The pa
frlotic spirit she has always displayed. and
from her not having for many years furnished
any officer TO the general government.
Nat. Int.
EXECUTION.
On Friday the 10th inst Abraham Antoine,
an Indirn aged 72, was executed at Morrisvie,