American watchman and Delaware advertiser. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1822-1828, 1823-09-09

French manufactures Thirty years ago, the
spinning of cotton by machinery was not DIT ac,ised
in France still less that of hemp and flax. Since
that time, the most perfect kind of machinery has
been introduced into several establishments which
supply all the wants, except small quantity OF We
ry fine thread, which is struggled into The kingdom,
and which supplies the fine manufactures of Tara
re and ST. Quentin. Considering the obstacles, the
prejudccs which iinpelled the introduction Of this
machinery into France, M. Chaptal, in his Essay,
Del lndustrie Franchise, says II is matter OF as
constituent that has been brought to such perfe.
ton; and that If is prodigy whch does as much
honor to the Frecnch character as the victories OBJ
tanned by her armies. Machines have produced
ia great revolution in manufactures, the produce of
which. was formerly calculated by the plumber of
hands employed ; but now the extent of the indus
try of country is in proportion to the number Of
machines, and not to the amount of the population.
The increase OF machinery in Europe, has chang
ed the nature Of the commerce in India, whence all
the manufactured cottons were formerly imported.
10 employ the hands which were engaged in their
manufactures the English government has applied
them to the cultivation Of the sugar cane and other
articles furnished by the West India islands. The
abolition Of the slave trade will greatly facilitate the
propagation Of this branch Of industry in India.
The present regulations for manufactures in
France, might serve as pattern for many countries
in Europe. Every workman is obliged to keep
small book which is given to him OH finishing his
apprenticeship. This book he must produce when
he is admitted into any mandatory and it re-
mains in the hands OF the master till the workman
lis DESTROYS Of seeking employment elsewhere;
when the MASTER il he has any complaints TO make,
enters them in this book. This very simple meth
cd prevents both vagrancy and misconduct The
letters which shackle manufactures, have been
moved but authority has preserved, and even in
creased the power which it possessed over the
manufacturing population. Hence those combina-
tons and mutinies Of workmen, which so'serousy
compromise the public tranquility and the proper
lty of masters, are almost uakiiown in France.
There is also another institution which contributes
not q little to the maintenance of order. In each
manufacturing town there is board or committee
lcaled COUNSEL de Prudhommes which decides,
without delay expense, all disputes that arise be-
tween masters and their workmen. In the course
lof the year 1890, the COUNSEL de Prudhommes Of
Rouen adjusted matters in Twelve hundred out OF
Thirteen hundred cases that came before it; and In
the remaining hundred, pronounced decisions u.
Igainst which the parties have not appealed.
There are now in the Connecticut Newgaie, 10
lconvicts, SO Of which are blacks. From their own
account and their own other of Information
lit is accertaned that more thar. half were. intox
icated at rle time they committed the. crimes.
.frilhmeticaL Toast The following was drunk
|by Student of Fairfield Academy, at the late cele
bration of our national anniversary:
"The United States. Once in .9ddition--nowin
l.NuHiptication-- may they never by DiriSion be
brought to Reduction '''-9 Cheers.