American watchman and Delaware advertiser. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1822-1828, 1823-10-17
WITH THE RICARAs.


Near tie Rcara Tozuns August IL, 1928 s
Whereas the Ricara nation have made war upon
the United States, by attacking party of Americans
der the direction of Gen. w. ii. Ashley and hoslities
in consequence thereof have been carried between the
same nation of Indians and the United States Now there
FORE for the purpose of putting end to the said HOSTILE
ties and making firm and nvolable peace between the
said nation of Indians and the United Sates the Chiefs
head men, and warriors of the Rcara naton for them
selves and said nation and Colonel Henry Leavenworth
OF the United States army for and in behalf the u States
have made, concluded and agreed upon, the following
articles, viz
article l. The Ricara nation agree restore the arms
taken from Gen. Asheys party, and such other articles Of
property may remain in their hands, which were OBJ.
tanned of Gen. Ashley in exchange for horses
.fu @ The Rcara nation agree that the navigation Of
the Missouri shall not be INSTRUCTED by thcm that all
American citizens duly authorized by the United States to
come in their country shall be treated by them with kind
ness and civty and in any Of the nation commit
acts of violence upon any American CITIZEN such nd.
vidual shall be punished for the offence.
3 8. In consequence ofthe performance of the fore
going articles, it agreed that the Rcaras shall be held
and treated as friends of the United States
.4r4 There shall hereafter be firm and inviolable
peace between the Rcara nation and the United States.
In witness Whereof the parties these presents have
set their hands and seals the day and year above
mentioned.
The Little Soldier, Knife Chief, Chief by Himself, The
one that Wanders, The Crows Feather The Two Crows
The Crow that Speaks, The Big Sun, The Mad Man. The
Big Star, The Man that Cries.
H. LEAvENWoRTH, Col. Com. 9th Regiment.
In presence Of
A. Wooley, Major 9th Infantry, John Gale, Surgeon
Sta es Army Norris Lieut. 9th Infantry, w. H. Ashley
hos Noel, Actg Adt 9th Infantry, NJ j. CTuger, Lieut.
9Th Infantry.
certify the foregoing to be true copy.
r. L0WNDS, Aid-deCamp.
--~+s-
Extract of letter from officer in Col Leavenworth
detachment.
81 think the Rcaree Indians superior to any other
ton Of Indians the Missouri River that is they ap
proach to civilization. They had field of about
four hundred of corn, large quantity of squashes
pumpkins and BEANS and they had comfortable lodges
about two hundred yards the half in circular for eacf
village containing about sxyfour lodges, which also
built in circular form that is they round at the bot
tom and to point at the top, in the form OF cone
the lodges covered with earh and large enough
contain about thirty persons, besides having TO
several horses, which kept in the lodges The Rcare
Indians manufacture kind of earthen pot, which serve
them to cook in They very ingenious tribe and cal
live perfectly independent of every other nation.
al will give you short description Of the countr
between this place and the Rcaree towns For severa
hundred miles there is considerable timber on the river
large and extensive bottoms these bottoms geners
bordered by long string of hills, which extend out from
the river four five miles after that you come to an al
most boundless plain, after proceeding about 200 miles fur
her the county changes, and there is but little timber
be seen.
con our way up, visited volcano, or burning noun
tain; there evident marks of fire. We had severa
excavations made in the mounan and the earth and roc
taken out hot that could not hodt in our hands
1t had strong sup hurous smel-This mountain is o.
the left bank of the river, about five hundred miles fron
the Council Bluffs"