Alexandria gazette & advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [D.C.]) 1822-1824, 1822-11-30

first commercial city on the continent OF
Europe.
That city has always had great ysrie-
Nv of difficulties to coHteaG with, and it's
most astonishing considering IFS very dis.
advantageous situation, that it has ever had
any commerce at all. But it seems TO be
the mainend and aim OF this plodding and
patient people, to overcome the dliflcul>
ties which nature has thrown IN their way.
The sea is kept out by dykes. Every
spring they are threatened with a total IN
undation, when the ice breaks up. and the
immense mass of waters from above, come
pouring down to find vent in the sea-
Here again their DOLLY security is in their
dykes. The best lands in Holland are So
low, that if nature had ser own way, they
would always be under water. as indeed
they generally are in the winter; but theY
are soon drained again, by means OF mills
which throw the water into canals Com-
mnnieating with the Zuider Zee. Am
sterdam is situated, as said before. very
disadVantageously for commerce. Large
vessels must discharge their eargoes at the
HeIder, and send them up IN lighters, oW'
ing To a shoa or sand called the Pampus,
in the Zuidsr Zee TO remedy this in.
convenience, the plan Of the new canal
was formed, the object being 20 bring up
the largest vessels, with their entire car
goes: by means of horses (Bot 10 cost a.
bove one hundred Guilders for any one
vesse) from the Helder, before the city.
You are without doubt informed, that the
principal part of the coffee, sugar, &c.
brought to Holland, is not consumed there,
b,it is sent into Germany, by large vessels
which discharge their cargoes at Cologne,
TIE usual route for these vessels has been
from Amsterdam to Muiden, and thence to
Utrecht, where they fall into the Rhine.
But the delay attending this route, caused
in the first place bv head winds in getting
to Muiden--aiterward by shoal water,
&c. hes induced the Ducth government TO
make regulations which, as said before,
will greatly enhance the commercial i'm
portance of Amsterdam 10 one year from
this, every thing will be completed, so
that vessels of 300 tons burthen, may
land their cargoes in week, at Cologne
on the Rhine, without depending on the
wind q: all. Thousands of workmen are
now engaged in deepening the canal
which leads from the Amstel TO Weesp, and
thence to Utrecht. All the bridges be-
tween Amsterdam and Utrecht are 10 be
removed, and new ones made with SUIT
ficient opening for the passage THE Rhine
vessels This work is TO be finished next
May. Nevertheless, when all is COM
plete, how much soever the trade OF Am
sterdam may be benefited, it must be con-
fessed that The peculiar advantages which
Antwerp has enjoyed, as a commercial
city, must proporiionably cease--lhat is
to say, provided no unforeseen political e.
vent shall detach Belgium from Holland.
Goods from Antwerp to Cologne are sent
by land carriage, which is, ard must be
very expensive. From Amsterdam they
will be sent by water, IN almost the same
space o. time. Formerly vessels were
sometimes month or SIX weeks in getting
to Cologne. This delay has caused the
orders for colonial produce to be sent to
Antwerp. As soon as the passage 10 the
Rhine is opened, according to the new
plan, which will be in the course OF next
year, change will Immediately ensue,
and more easy and cheap mode OF COM
munication, will be preferred. Putting
aside however, as being OF little moment,
any calculations of Advantage or disadvan>
tage to this or that city, tbegreat cana now
in progress, with It's Correlative improve
ments, does great honor to the people and
government OF the Netherlands.
Extract from a letter TO gentleman IN ".
York, dated 81. Augustine, Oct. 26, 1892.
Our election for delegate to Congress
has been. quite warm one. think we
bave succeeded ie the election Of our can.
ddale, MIR. Hernandez There were
but votes in this city, against him.. A
number of severe attacks were made on
Mr.. Forbes, the other candidate, in the
newspapers, and in hand bills. There is
much talk ia this territory of Col. Tronp.
of Georgia, for Governor. His appoint
ment would give much satisfaction -,
Judge Smith, Of The Territorial Court
has at length arrived bere, but that blum
dering act of Congress for the establish
mest of the government of the territory,
requires that his oath of office shall be ta-
ken before the Gouernor only, and never
having been qualified, he cannot open his
eourt !: so that we must wait for Congress
TO pass rissp laY on the subject, sutbori>
zng some one else to administer the oath,
as the governor is not TO be here till May.
I fear this delay will prevent the court
from being organized, SO as to try auy
causes till next spring. -This is very Sc
rious Inconvenience, and will retard the
settlement: OF The country, as vast many
of the titles to land will be the subject Of
litigation, and people in general prefer
bringing suits of that nature ia bis court, to
that lately established BY the legislative