The Massachusetts spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1821-1823, 1822-05-22

Guatimala, 100000
New-Mexico, 100000
Total, 100000
The city of Mexico, the capital, con-
tains, according TO Humboldt, IS7,OOO
inhabitants.
The independence of the "Mexican
Empire" was declared on the Gath Aug.
1921.
The repubhck of Colombia consists
of the provinces of Venezuela and
New-Grenada; and probably includes
also the neighbouring provinces of
Cumana, Guiana, and Maracaybo. If
so, it extends from the Spanish Main on
the north, to Buenos Ayres and Peru
and from Dutch Guiana on the east, to
the Pacitick Ocean; and contains about
$500, 900 inhabitants. Its principal city
is Santa Fee de Bogota, containing a
population Of 100000.
1t will be recollected that the prov
inces of Venezuela and New-Grenada
separately declaredtheir independence;
and since the year 1908 have maintain
ed bloodier contest with the arms of
Spain than any of the other provinces.
On the 10th Dec. 1919, they united
themselves under one government, on
the model of that of the United States,
and assumed the name of s:the Republic
ofColombia.n
Buenos Ayres, beginning at the 38th
degree of South latitude, extends nearly
1900 miles 70 the north, where it is
bounded by the unknown regions of
AtRaZonia and Matto Crosse; and from
the Atlantic on the east, about 1000 miles,
to Chill on the west. Its population is
estimated by Humboldt at 100000.
The city of Buenos Ayres is supposed
to contain about 10000 inhabitants. and
Monte Viedo about 10000, The Vice
Royalty of Buenos Ayres declared its
independence in 1916 but though ii en-
countered no opposition from the gov
eminent of Spain, it has been distracted
by civil wars, particularly with the Ban
| da Orientale-the eastern shore of the
La Plata; and by contests with the
neIshbouring provinces. 1t is said now
to enjoy entire tranquility.
Peru is perhaps the. least known of
| all the Spanish Provinces, 1t is more
than 1000 miles in length, from New
Grenada to Chill, and stretches west
ward from Buenos Ayres to the Paciiick
Ocean. The patriots have estimated
| its population at 100000.
Lima, its principal city, was founded
by Pizarro, and now contains about
| $4,000 inhabitants; of whom 1000 are
Spaniards, 5000 Negroes, 5000 Indians !;
and the rest a mixed race, the descend
ants Of Spaniards and Indians.
| Peru was liberated from the power of
the Spaniards last summer, by an army
from Buenos Ayres and Chill, under the
command of Gen. San Martin. On the
capture of Lima, on the 18th June, 1891,
they proclaimed their independence.
Chill, extending from Peru to the Ar
chipelago of Chloe, has in fact never
been entirely conquered from the ma
tives. The Araucanians, inhabiting
about 800 miles of the Southern part of
Chill, have resotutely maintained their
independence against all the attacks of
! the SpaDiards, since the first invasion of
Diego Almagro and she, possession of
the northern part of the country, which
the Spanisrds ultimately acquired, cost
them more blood and treasure than all
the rest of the continent. One of the
finest poems in the Spanish language,
the Araucana of Alonzo de Ercilla. cell
ebrates the wars of this nation with their
Spanish invaders.
Spanish Chill is about 780 miles long
and ESQ broad. Santiago, the capital.
contains about $4,000 inhabitants; and
Valparaiso about 10000. The number
of inhabitants in the province has never
been estimated. The people proclaim
ed their independence of Spain in 1918.
and have since been unmoIestcd in the
possession Of their sovereignty.
These FIVE communities are now in
troduced, by the United States, into the
great society Of nations, 1t is impossi-
BILE TO predict the moral and political eff
fects of their independence but when
it is remembered that the blessings Of
freedom aud knowledge are now placed
within the reach Of Is millions Of the
human race, no sentiments can arise in
our hearts, but those Of gratitude and
JOY. 1t is worthy of remark, that the
human character has attained its highest
rAorCocliax, niAho In Z