The Rhode-Island Republican. [volume] (Newport, R.I.) 1809-1841, 1822-04-03


sovereign and thus, in fact, indie pendent.
With them, a. with every other cove oment
possessing and exercisiny the pover of maxi
ing war, The United States, in common with
all nations, have the right of concerning tho
terms OF mutual peace and intercourse.
Uho is Me righyui sovereign of a country.
is not an cnqoi,y per mi,led 20 foreign ns,,on,.
10 whom It is competent only 10 treat vim
"the powers that be-"
There 10 no difference In opinion on this
pom. among tho writer's on public law cod
no diversity, with respect to it, in the practices
OF civilized nations. I;,s not necessary, here.
TO cite authority for doctrins familiar 10 all
who paid the siieh,est attention 10 the subject,
nor SO back, tor illustration, TO the civil wara
between the houses Of York and Laocsster.
Long since, the chiefs of those CONFLICTING
houses, alternately triumphed aud ruled, sud
were siternsi'y obeyed at home and recognix-
co aosoads according 40 they, successively en-
efcised the power, without demon stralins the
rignt--monsfchics have become commen-
wesiths or republics, and powerful, usutpers
have been recognized by foreign nations, in
preference TO legitimate aud powerless pre-
tenders. Modern history is repicte with iu.
stances IN point. Have wo not, indeed, with-
I'D the orict period ri ou- owl remembrance.
oehe'd governments vary their forms, and
chsnge their rulers, seco, ding TO the prevail.
ing power or passion oil the moment, and do
ing 20 ID virtue OF The principle now IA quss-
uon without materially and lastngiy sffecung
'heir relations with other govei nmeotsi Have
we mol seen the empefors and kings Of yesyef.
DAY, receive, on tho throncs of cxiled sover.
eigns, who cisIined the right 10 reign there,
'he friendly emoassics oi othe' powers, with
whom those exiied sosuseigDs had sough, ON
asy'um--snd have we NOT seen to-duy ,hoso
emperos and kings, thus courtcd and r.cog-
nzed yesterday, reit OF their scspues, end,
bom mere change ot circuGis is,anccs, not OF
,ighs, treated as usorpcvs' BY their successors,
who, IN thrir turn, aaye been acknowledged
and earessed by The same forsign powers!
Ibe peace Of Tho world, and the inte sup.
denee OF every member oil the great political
fsm'iy require that each should be the cxcIu.
siye Judge OF its own internal proc edlnvs,
aud that the fact alone should be regsrG,d by
Tor IGN nations. Even when civu war
breaks the bonds Of socie,y sud ot govern.
men,, or, at least, suspends tbeit force md
effect, u gives birth In the nation OF twr jpde.
pendent parties, who regard each olher % %.
eipies, aud acknowledge no common iodvc.'.
~ ~ oi necessisy, therefore, that thess sl,wc
partiec should be consIde cd, by 70 eigp stn,cs
Nc two distinct and independent nations 10
consider 70 trea, them nlhe, wise, would be to
Interfere In their domestic con.efns. o deny
thu m the right TO msnago their own fairs n
tben iheh o"D Wy, and tn violate tht sem
uei attributes OF thcn respective so,.,eigo,y.
For nation 20 be entitled, in respect TO for
eign states. 10 the ,pjoymeb, Of these attn.
butes, 4" and 10 hgois dirrctly in lie trca,
political socie'y, Al is suficieni that IL is real.
ly sovereign snd independent. that is, ttst ia
governs i"eif by ns own authority and laws"
The people ot Spanish America do, notori.
ously, so govern themselves, aud the rigbi Of
The United Staesto 'roogb.ze, t6e govern.
mcots, which they have insdNted. - incon-
tesi5!e. doubt oi the txpedieDcy of such
a recognition csn be soggesed only, by ,hs
apprehension that IL may injniousiy affect
our peaceful ADD friendly relations wi,h tho
nations of The other hemispbcrs.
Can such an apprehension be well foun.
ded
Have not all those nations practically .ens.
toned, within the last thIr,y years, Zoe vety
principle on which VIC now propose TO &c, or
have they ever complained oi one snother, or
OF us, for acting on that principle
No nation on Europe, excepting Spain her.
sell has, hitherto, opposed to force 10 the in
dependence OF Spanish America Some of
those nations have no, only conssn,ly main.
tsined commercial and friendly ,n,ereourss
with them, in esery s,sge of the revolution,
bu, indirectly and Efficiently, tho no. svoved.
iy aided them in the prosecution of their
grsa, object. To these the seknow,edg gmeut,
by tho Uuhed States Of the attainment oil ths,
object, must be satisfactory.
10 The other nations oi Europe, who hsve
regarded the events occurring 10 Spanish A.
me lea, not only without interference, but
with spps cot indifference, such on arknowl.
edgmen, oogh, not to be offensive
The nations who have ihos respectively fa.
vored, or never opposed, the Spanish Ameri-
can people, during their active stu ogele for
independence, csono, it Is believed, regard