Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1821-08-17
FROM he (Lomion) .NaD .HowhLy .Hfra.jD,
MOTION OF SAP In PI AN.rG

ne interesting discoveries of Sisnor Anici pro
sor oil mathematics IN the University of AIolen., oC
which we intend 10 give some account ,ynr ,,
oy means OF his improved cataIiopiric microsrnne
Wu'ch he ;uhrns on Il comparison with the hest Enc
IN microscopes OF Adams and Dollaud TO s,n,y tIo
oJcc' more clearly, with equal degree of nan,iC,
Tag power.--He states too that his microscooc 49,,
mines the arca million times; aud endcaro.,,s e.
49, niil'hem'ucy that so great amagniivinp now
"''" huuy DC Obtained 10y any dioptric Instrument
oisnor Amci has published 3; memoir on his m;cr,
scope, with desert ption and enumeration of lis adj
vaningCs. 20 10 ~"
IN the experiments which Professor Amici had mr.
casion 10 make with his new mcroscope and FIR
whici nc chose not only very small and delicate OH
jrcis, out especially such gave reason 10 hope for
d" interesting discovery with respect TO their orpon
zatlon, he made some very remarkable observations
or thc motion OF the sap in the plant called the cLaro
as Jar back as the year l77t, the Able Cor,i had
observed certain circulation Of the san in This cr
simple plant. ObSerqusioai n1croscopi,icfe s,La IT.:
7'eft 81 s crcoiasione del R,sido in ana nigy ar
F'yiotG deH .fbRe Boaare1Liuyu, Co,ti Prof di 6,;
81, W. Lrcca' III, Gvo) Amici, with the aid of
ms microscope, discovered new laws of motion and
ne" organs 10 u, which had escaped t.at dlieent oh
'ccrVerind winch threw light on the physiology
y, Pl'', IA general, and in particular the much
a'spnted porous tubes OF Mrbe and their functiops
in Tue economy ofplants The observations which he
MADE IN the years 1871 TO 1873 and regularly
noted IN n journal, are described ut length in This
essay ana contain in substance the following oarticn
lars. '"e P"'"'"-
In all the parts of this plant in the cnderest 6bres
OF inc ROOTS AS well rs in the finest green threads oC
'hChoS3 Il regular circulation o the
sap is received. W "''
While transparent little globes of various sizes move
constantly and regularly unntcrrupted circnlat,n
with CELEBRITY gradually incrcasing from tho Co.,
10 hG sidcs, ~ Two alternately opposite currents IN
and downwards, and this in the two halves or ono
and The same simple cylindrical canal or vessel az
nlueg ny no parf'hon) which runs lengthways through
the hbres OF the plant, bat is interrupted nj ntcrvsis
oy Knobs or joints and closed y a partition
thus lhe circulation proceeds in the whole plant
,,I ~, eG nprcs from ono joint TO the other and in
each space thus limited, independently OF the others
IN general the motion IS pcrpcndicuIarly up and
down. but IN some ibres il is spiral In the 6l,es of
INC roots there is only simple circulation of this
kJnt, there appearing only one sucl, central ycsse
Int ~ the green fhres of the paut il is comnI ~
great central vessel being surrounded will, many small,
Pr ones, winch are all perfectly like IT, but arc
ION ~ ny puu!IonS so that they may be perfectly
separated IRON II, and in these there is n pcrfectly
similar perpendicular spiral motion OF their own
corresponding with that of the central vessel
u S"ch vessel IS gently tied Up, or bent in an n
cute angie, the circulation is thcn interrupted as bv
hdlura JOINT, and proceeds above and below the IL;
or hlnd as 1t did before in the whole cnnth II tho
previous slate IS restored, the original motion also re-
turns, unless the plant has been materially mined
at the place the artificial state has nc, grs,oJ
100 Iong-lhe circulation also proceeds in on,,
haj OF me length wheh the Other above the Tie is
Whom such a vessel is Gu, ,rcctly ,bror,l, tho go,
Contained ~ Il does not flow Immediately and entire
~ out rit only thai In half namely fho cnrro,,,
WncIl Is nowin9 towards te cat, w'e the other con
motion.
j. cat. " W ." 'o's'' ''"'
ne vessels are formed Of an extremely delicate
sm'oti, Write, iraueparcm membrane, which an,
pes to DC striped len {wisc parallel arrcni,, strrs
f''er w P"rpcndIculr or spiral direction IN which
% direction ne motion OF the sap always takes place
between the stripes of the one and of Inc o.
ticr, hall at the vessel, t. e. between the f,yo
currents, no and duwnwaris. there is always -
smooii5 anstrped space Of the membrane. 81 tho
'o"t. OF hve, SIX, or more stripes OF such smooth
igiervai, there arc two H each vessel direcy oppo
SIC caci other, aud OF equal BREADTH aud between
mem are other stripes, which, IL the vessel itself IL
psricc'{ cylindrical, a,e divided by them INTO two e.
hese unsiripcd intervals which interscct d;o,oc,r;
Wy inc circle Of tie cyln3rical vessel, form. as
"'ic; 'hc partition between the two currents and
ltf no aet there y either none or onya very s,bt
~ ~ Its interrupted motion OF the globulos Of M
n' stripes, vt which above hundred may be count.
go ~ ue Two malt circles raised, and attached 10
',' inner coat OF the membrane and Of different
sl''e1''' 'ni strength. There, where they are the
ltsc 20 'nr, tuckcs and strongest and in general
~ "e" pc >Inity, and consequently towards t;e
'ioc7 on To-" vessel the giObue. Of SAP are ,aays ON
~ sti TO L'c 'hc strongest aud quickest motion
hes "tiprs arC. therefore. an yiden influence nr
nc manner indd degree Of the motion of the sup.