Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1820-01-13


: (eAcept SCI shall he presented to the PTesi-
dent OF the United States, and before the
same shall take effect. be approved by linn,
and AGAIN IN tue 3rd clause OF the LIST section
ot tue 2nd article, But IN choosing. a Presi-
= dent the votes shall be taken by States,
= the Representatives 10 each State having
" one vote, &c, aud majority OF all the States
= shall be necessary TO choice, a choice OF
President could not be, take place or exist
without ID majority of Tue States, which ma Joi-
ity Is the thing imported by the word necessary.
without which the other thing, viz: the choice
oil President, cannot be, or exist.
Aud, again, Ia the I3tb amendment to the
constitution. this word is twice employed once.
IN relation To the choice OF the President, aud
once, IN relation to the choice OF the Vice Pre-
ideHt al the United States. IN The same sense
aud IN the same import, in which II had b, en
used IN The clauses above recited, aud itfiS "a
sound rule OF construction that The same " ord
repeatedly used Uy the same person, IN the
saiHe instruinent IA relation TO the same sub
Ject, snail lave the same import. But u is be-
lieved that this word is never sravely employ
el ia relation TO any subject OF interest OF i'm
2ortance. IN any other sense than tue che
above assigned 10 it-it is true that the IN
creased interest or Importance of the topic
upou whcn IL is employed, sometimes eXacts
from the person usin. II, annexed epitheis,
such as essentially, absolutely, Indispensable
&c VII ch evnce the ardor of the writer, and
without varying, beighten the glow of the inn
preston made by Its Import-Ihose epithets
do MOI increase the import of the word hut
shew an Increased consciousness IN the speak.
er, or writer, OF the Importance, and necessity
OF the thing imported thereby to the existence
of the thing 10 which it's i'm port is applied
When we say that food liz necessary to the
existence OF human life and IN repeating
the sentence. su peradd the epitbet essentialg,
we do not thereby Increase the import OF
the word necessary, but shew our increased
consciousness OF The Importance of It's inn
port. But II IS said that this word may be
compaied-That we may say necessary, more
necessary. ana most necessary 4; and what then!
l. maJotit t, of all the States necessary to the
choice OF President OF the Uuited States and
Is the same MAJORITY more necessary, and most
necessary, IL That object! when we say that
wealth In necessary, knowledge is more neces-
sary, and health most necessary TO human
comfort we are understood, aud use the de-
arees of cOmpariso in the only way in which
that word is susceptible OF them-there are
three objects, the second more impor tant than
the first, the third more important Than the
second, 10 the existence OF each, some other
thing Is neceSsary-The existence of that other
thug rs equal, necessary 10 the existence of
ITS correspondent objective say, that the
tim. without whicS II cannot exist. is most
necessary. The sign of the suptrlative here
indicates the preference of the third OBJ
Jtct, te th' other two, without varying or III
crea>in2 the import OF the word necessary.
Bnt II rs sad that this word, besides its ma
turaI, has hsuratiVe import-lhat ~ is some
uscu dtlNeN. HI poetry IL MAY, ~
perhaps in romance but in the constitute"
OF the nation, aud states, in their Legislative
acts, and iii the treaties made by Ihis with
other nations, u Is used III lis PLAN Prose i'm
pOrt-we would smile At d ii suI alive yard-stick
ounce or pound weight, quart OF gallon me d.
sure-aud IL would he difficult 10 have them
sealed lD their hsnrative character; aud sci
as by those measures and weights we aSrer-
tain and apportion the quantities of material
and tangible substances, SO do We by uoytts
Ia ~ lttu I.ln MI
pOrea substances, such powers, and pslvi-
leSeS ; aud as 10y how much the more ANY ma
t:Tldl substance, of which we are ABBOTT TO
dispose, is valuable and precious, ny SO much
The more do we ascertain with preciSiuu and
accuracy by the established weights or nea-
snres, the quantity 10 be disposed OF. SO III i'm.
mate ilal ana intangible substances by how
nnch tue more They are e,timabe md iute-
resting by so mach the mnIe do We with
caution, measure by the use of The Worlds of
we'll defined, fixed aud eXaci impoIt, the pie
ciSe quantity ofwhich we are abont to dIsLuse
y" ords OF floating or tigurative meaning are
never employed on such occasions. IL Cannot
therefore, be conceded that the wei nscessury
Is synonymous or convertible with The word
COM eHeht as well mg Int IL be SAID 10 be couvet
iDie "iih tbs terms useful eApedient suitahle
eligible, agreeable. desirable &c SucI Iicen-
tIousheSs of interpretation would conf0un.Jt the
lahshaSe, and JtopardIze the best interests OF
man Discretion might thereby usuru The
rishtS, and dictate the duties of The states ~
or me American people. Government unon
any Pac ion2l or cony eutional urinciple. could
no exist. The alternative between despotIsm
aud anarchy, those fri hifnI e xtremes yyonId
alone be presented That banks furnish 10 The
government OF n nation Increased facilities i'm
the collection aud transmission Of its taxes is
probable and may be admitted: lint that
government can collect aud transmit i,staxes.
aud attain to The highest pitch of prosperity
aud spleDdsr without The agency ot hanks
eau be denied by none, who have Maid the
slI"htest attention to the history of nations
Banks have been bur lately employed in that
service NailoiiS nave reached the highest
M fial aid cOmnei Cidl spirndo! without their
agency. They were not necessary 10 the snlen-
dor. or duration. ofthe government. of either
OF Rome both of which were marti
al aud tie former greatly commercial: nor
were they necessary to the literature scieuca
or refinement OF Greece. They were entirely
~ Known, and of course unemploN ed as fiscal
agents III any OF those governments il does
rot seem 10 have occurred 10 tie wisdom of
even solomon that they were neceSSayy agents
IN the management 1i The fiscal concerns of am
extensive and highly commercial empire The
pacific state of that empire, 81 the wisdom ofits
monarch were very favorable TO the discovery
and adoption OF every instrument which was
necessary. or might even be usefmlly em-
ployed IN collecting aud concentrating AZ
Jei nsalem, The vast revenues which were ex-
dcted from the tributary provinces The com
tlneSts OF Alexander the Great Caesar Harry
The lth OF France, Charles the 9Th, and Frede-
TICK the Great, were achieved aud maintain
ed, without the aid Of Banks: nor it is bsIicy-
ca thai the more recent i!IAuglI not less spieu-
hld achievements of Napoleon, were faciltat-
ed ~ any considerable degree by the agency
OF ihls species OF corporation. Nor was bark
employed by England 10 the most wholesome
and energetic periods Of that government
aud what has been, aud will be, its effect
upon the deslinies of that HatiNn il is difficult
y IL were proper mere To conjecture. Ii cannot
however have escaped the notice o thc -Irn
live observer, that while the Bank afforded In
That government facilities in ths manap ment
Of us fiscal concerns IL afforded also fqciLiies
ana perhaps many inducements, 10 the creation
OF tHdt hnWitidy aud enormous public debt
under the pressure of which as ola mighty
incubus u now labors. Ifthen Banks were