Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1820-02-29

Ter, with the restriction against slavery,
IN this territory, would produce The SAME
effect IN 1897. This wds not only a viola
non OF compact with purchasers, but
with Virginia. do uoi stand the advocate
or fai'ercr O! Virginia. La these respects,
as wei! as every other, Virginia Is very
capable of taking care OF herself 1, dees
not appear HAT she assented or dissent
ed to This alteration. She might acqui-
esce, from motives of magnaiIimily, or
from conviction that the cou fse OF SET
Element, ami the kind of population
would produce the same result, as tie
sixth article contemplated. But, il was
never doubted by the people there, and
Twas u was SO stated 10y gentleman from
OHIO IN the last Congress, that ihey
were perfectly free To authorize or inAie-
II slavery at their election. But whatever
might be the intent or effect Of an urdi-
nance, passed before the adoption OF the
constitution, when the principles OF "A
iederal government were not understood
nor the necessity OF q balance of sove-
reignty perceived, il is most manifest,
thai Tins ordinance is SO modified hv the
constitution, a6i must conform 10 its
principles. And the Glib article, provi,iins.
that engagements entered into before lis
adoption shall be as valid against the
United States as before, was probably
worded with THIS caution, That The other
party TO the compact should he no far
ther Obligated than according To- The
principles ut The constitution.
It's, therefore most clear that whether we
consider this article of the ordinance az con-
fined 10 the territory,a violation OF compact
or modified by the constitution. il is equally
Intellectual as precedent and cannot Tor a
moment, stand in our way.
Having disposed of the Drecedents tn mo
own satisfaction, and, as i hope to he salIs-
facuen OF the committee, L will recur tor a
moment 10 the propoSiuGn, that the poiiiicat
power or "A stale cannot he diminished by
Gong es,, as IA condition of her admission into
the Union, amt glance, az Time will permit at
some OF the Consequences OF d C, Mtrary doc
trine.
The power TO impose, includes n power to
enforce how is lhS condition to be euforced2
Not by the singular process of expulsion from
me Union. eou mast legislatc. ana it >ou Ie-.
siSid'e you must "dJudicate. and 1t yop adJndi-
cate, You must execute. The Ju,licial pow er
OF the United States must extend 10 ali cases
affecting the rights of restraint or OBLIGATIONS
OF service AMI all treSpasseS " herein the ri.hs
vi coercion u AL contracts in derog aton.0f er-
sohaI rights, IN questioned YouI new state OF
Missouri VIII then he subj CT TO The Jurisdiction
OF the courts oi the u. Sin gIea variety OF ca
SEES, IN which the state courts of other states
have exclusive coeniZancr
his is moi all. You NAV reserve ofher no-
iltirai powers II yen can reserve this You ,n,ty
require that the governor shall be appoiniei
oS the rresiheni, that he shall appoint the OF
hcefS ut the militia, aud thus bring the militia
ry power OF the state under the absolute con-.
iroul OF the President. You NAV demand nj
The slate 10 maintain troops or Sims of war
ana III THIS way inIiinIdate the states 10 weld
10 D t.'t mSu'pa,lons OF federal powe' Yen may,
uiiuef thiS authority regulate devises desceuts
an" every teiinro OF property. In fiue Won
may make constitution entire aud irnpose II
o" d s'he as The condition of her ndlnission.
ANA, Sir, n yOn can dimini>h why nor IN :
crease the political power OF a new SnIy 2
1hert might be a plausible pret9xt for Ii,iS
A refractory state ia the ueighborIIuod 10 an
an enemy To repel, ora territory 10 conquer
~ claims Tor past ar the prospect CT tninrr,
hi'diy or pehiiCal services might BE ar. e,i
a. reasons for eAempiIng a new state from the,
Constitutional prohibitions and warrant MD
~ giving hei Authority 10 cGB money. pass
tender laws establish lnIpoSiS aud krp,, rnous.
ahd shIps of war III time of peace?
Diminish the poliicai power of a ne,y stare
anu You accumulate a feIeiaI control own i,
dangerous To the other staIes Increase il anu
you put IN jeopardy The Union, Make a
state mean any thing else than Que of eAact
political powers with the rest and ,here-,s ,,n
limit 10 which yOn might nor 20 from nearly
absolute sovereignty OH tie one hand 10 mere,
Colonial SubJecilOu on the other Here s,r
the held l. honhdle>s The Maud might DIV Ell
I'D probable conjecture, on Tie evils that woult,
flew from tits assumption or power But tLe
time have already occupied ddIuouslIps me-,
TO beware how severely tax the Indulgence.
OF the committee.
Let II not be said however,. that afthonrh
Congress carhot iniuose This coudition xiii
theH may at Their discretion. Iefuss to admit
III Wak never expected OF Intended that lie
Congress OF the u States should hold any CON
siderable portion 0fpopnIatiOu under tiIiei pX-
| elusive jurisdiction An extensive system of
colonization would strengthen the federal arm
| and weaken and CHdaIiger Tie powers of the
states nat wonid be- the condition of the
federal compact, when the population OF the
territories approached near that of the states
NheIP NOuIu he Your slate TIg hts, ", in addi-
| ton To that yielded up Ivy the constitution.
congress hau vast population subject Ia
| Their exclusive control In ordinary cases
| Sound policy requires, and constant practice
| demands, mat Tia" people Of territory should
| bc MADE party To the federal cOmpact n,
| 'Oh as theIr eNIgencies aud their Interests
| require IL. And what rs your preteuce in thi,
| case You allow them IIpe for admission btI
! ltIn'e them, unless they will surrender Il 30
| tticdl power possessed by ali the rest But
| you nave another Obligation 10 fulfil Yof
| bdVe SOleniuy stipulated with these UpoUl.
That YOU vii admit them. Portions II tlns ter
| riory have been included ~ illrre states
winch have been already admitted upon I'M
same terms which Missouri asks Thpre peopl,
are, ny your treaty, entitled, as soOn as posi-
Die, aud set you viii pretend ihdt u was not
possible 10 admit them GDless they viii coDseB
| 10 tie dsrUbed Of an essential atttihufe o
sovereignty not demanded of any other. Sucl
an excuse IS an insult 10 an ordinary under
standing.
Dad The Constitution authorize this TestTic
ton, The treaty fofbds IL. They are 10 be ad
United " according 10 the principles Of tb
Federal Constitution" upon the same term,
and retaining the same sovereign powers O
other states. They are TO be entitled 10 Al
tile rights, imnunities aud advantages Of ih
citizens of the URited States"-tO make thei
own Constitution, AID regulate the relation
) aud duties Of the members of tile cOmmunt
in their own way.
Sir, ] have been surprised " the sugeestio