davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Elizabeth-Town gazette. [volume] (Elizabeth-Town, N.J.) 1818-1821, 1819-03-02

those who nigh. be disposed to seize the
mails.
II che portion Of roads only should be
guarded, i, would seem that, while such
we're protected, the guardiess portions
we're devoted TO the chance of enterprise.
1t is obvious, that, if there should be a
guard of two, 1t would require four; as
two must sleep at quarters while the 9TH
ers were on duty; and guard of two
might be surprised and overcome by three,
which would be numerically fourth less
than the whole guard actually employed.
In fine, it may be asked, who is to guard
the guards?
The cessation of wars 10 Europe, and
other causes, have produced migration
to our shores Of numbers of desperate
characters, and others necessitous and ur-
ged by poverty; which, added to the
lprofligates Of our own nation, are dispers-
ed in the community and being indispos-
ed 10 seli-support by honest means, with
dexterous audacity depredate on the
property of others, public and private.
There have been (since the establishment
of the Post Office Department. not more
than three different occasions when guards
have been employed for a short time |;
during which, the expenses have been
very great. Almost every citizen has an
interest in the safe transportation of the
public mails; is indignant at its robbery !;
and much more SO when committed by vi
olence. Hence, the efforts always made
by the citizens to apprehend such as rob
the mails; TO which they are also stinu-
lated by suitable rewards.
Since have been at the head Of this
department, not one instance of violent
robbery Of the mail has occurred, where
The perpetrators have escaped apprehen-
SION, conviction and punishment.
1t may not be desirable 10 this nation to
see the employment of an armed physical
force TO protect the operations of civil
government, to the distrust of the civic
rirtues and moral energies of the people,
unless in cases of emergency, aud unless
the efforts of those virtues aud energies
should fail Of their proper consequences,
and demonstrate that reliance on them
would be frIitless and deceptive.
Respectfully, your obedient servant,
r.. J. MEIGS, Jr.
The Chairman of the Committee
on Pest Offices and Post Roads.
Elizabeth-Town gazette. [volume] (Elizabeth-Town, N.J.) 1818-1821, 1819-03-02
From the National Intelligeneer.

The splendid painting of the
Declaration of independence, exc
cuted for Congress by Colonel
Trumbull, being the first of a Sc
ries of four, intended for the deco
ration ofthe Capitol and the illustra-
ton of the principal events of the
revolution, is now deposited and
open to public inspection, in an
apartment temporarily prepared for
it, in the North Wing of the Cap
itol. A hasty glance at it yester-
day has been sufficient to convince
us that it merits the encomiums it
has generally received, and that it
more than equals at least our anti
cipation. IF we had the ability,
or disposition to regard it with crit
ical eyes, we might possibly dis
cover, as some northern writers
have done, looking only for blem-
ishes, some minor errors in the
costume or in the relative position
of the figures. But we judge Of
its merit only from its effect, and
it strikes us as noble effort of
the pencil, and an object on which
the muni6cence of the nation has
not been misapplied.
Elizabeth-Town gazette. [volume] (Elizabeth-Town, N.J.) 1818-1821, 1819-03-02
From the New-York Daily Advertiser.

The following singular instance
of longevity has been transmitted
to us by respectable friend and
correspondent in the state where
the parties reside.
1t has been stated as a remarka-
BILE fact, that for the last century,
the average life of man of letters
in France and Italy has been some
thing over sixty years.
1t is a fact, perhaps not less re-
markable, that there is now living
in Connecticut seven ex-judges o
the supreme court of that state
the average of whose ages is egh
ty-eight. They are the Hon. VII
liam S. Johnson, Jesse Root, iona
than Sturges, Stephen Mix Mitch
ell, Tapping Reeve, Jonathan In
gersoll, and Charles Chauncey.
Elizabeth-Town gazette. [volume] (Elizabeth-Town, N.J.) 1818-1821, 1819-03-02
EFERRE pEsNoUETTEs.

A letter from Washington to gentle
man in Kentucky, dated 10 November last,
gives the following particulars respecting
this gentleman:
81 he celebrated French emigrant, Lee
febre Desnouettes, formerly aid-de-camp
TO Bonsparte, and late lieutenant general
in the French army under hin--who was
chosen by Napoleon TO accompany him TO
Eiba, and afterwards commanded the
French dragons 10 the battle oil " aterloo,
is COW in this city. He is very atiable
and agreeable in his manners, deeply in
teresting in his conversation, and apparent
~ yet in the prime Of lie, not more thar
forty years Of age.
He appears to be cheerful aud happy il
his situation as an American farmer IN the
Alabama, without murmuring at the vi
cissitudes of fortune, and happily cou
formed to the manners and situation of hi:
present conditioD.-His short periods and
iaconic style in conversation, are the only
remaining indications Of his former mill
tary character; though he conveTses free
ly, aud without ostentation, upon the sub
ject Of the campaigns, which he had pass
ed through. Consersing upon his present
situation, he speaks thus: " have heeF
rich. am poor. Inever enjoyed wealth
1 was always ia the camp, or on the field.
Nov, eat when / am hungry. drink
when | am thirsty. l sleep when wish
l was never happier than now. / am nc
epicure, and no man has fewer wants than
i. The reverses Of fortune have taught
me to expect nothing. When attempt
TO do any thing, l only say, | win try to
do it; and if l fail, am not disappoint-
ed" He appears to possess philosophic
mind, and viii enjoy in America, that re-
pose which his native country denies him,
and which disappointment and fortune
have taught him to appreciate.
Elizabeth-Town gazette. [volume] (Elizabeth-Town, N.J.) 1818-1821, 1819-03-02

leading the way, with much f;rmoo.
resignation. Williams bowed 70 ,ha 1aa
pie. White caps were then nIos.l psS
them, and secured, and the Rev. rha sJ y
again shook hands, embraced and aaI'.
all the criminals, who kissed each ~
AS soon as the Priest descended tha V s'ss
fold was let down and left them snsnsa sIas
Williams died without the least s m.e
ment; the others, particularly Frede asss'
died hard. After hanging some time =
halter which held Rog gave wav and 'ae
came to the floor, but he was ns sJs @
senseiess. The halter was replaced . .uy
in less than three minutes he was ~. aaa
suspended, and struggled considerahl 1ss'a
Alter they had hung short t;ms !.
Marshal read the part of his ws,,,s as
which had been pefposely omitted d;,a aa
ing that their bodies should be given !.
dissection to such surgeons as might aoa i,
| for them. 'ppy
Williams was born at Cbazee NJ.
York State, and was in his 3Oth r ~"
Frederick, born 10 Minorca, Snain ' sa,i
80; Rog, born in Denmark, also i ~ 4,
3oth year; and Peterson, in Sweden ~. ~
was iii his Goth year. '4p
Their conduct in prison, we learn v,,
very exemplary, and that they died ~ :
full assurance that their sins would h. e. y
given them. They expressed great g,a At
tude for the kindness and attention nsid !,
them by Bishop Chevreaux, Father Js,
rasey, the Marshal, and Mr.. Bell N.
prison keeper. ~
1t is estimated that the spectators Of ,ba
execution exceeded 10000.
Elizabeth-Town gazette. [volume] (Elizabeth-Town, N.J.) 1818-1821, 1819-03-02
CONGRESS.
In SENATE,
Frtdav, Feb. Ie

Friday, FEB. 10.
Mr.. Morrow, from the committee, to
whom was referred so mach of The mes
sage of the President Of the United States
as relates to the Indian tribes, reported the
following bill. which was read, and pass
ed to the second reading.
A bill making provision for the civiiza-
tiou OF the Indian tribes, adjoining the
frontier settlements.
Be il enacted by the Senate and House
Of Representatives Of The United States q
imerica IN Congress assembled, That ior
the purpose Of providing against the iur'
Their decline and fnal extinction OF the
Indian tribes adjoining to the frontier set
Elements of the United States, and for in.
Producing among them the habits aud arts
of civilization, the President of the Unit
ed States shall be, and he is hereby, ali'
thorised in every case where he shall
judge the Improvement in the habits and
conditions of such Indians practicable, and
that the means of instruction can be intro
duced with their own consent, to employ
capable persons of good moral character
to instruct them in the mode of agricul
ture suited to their situation; and fol
teaching their children 10 reading, writing
and arithmetic, and for performing such
other duties as may be enjoined according
10 such instructions and rules as the Pres.
ident may give and prescribe for the regu.
Iation of their conduct 10 the discharge oil
their duties.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That
the sum of dollars be, and the
same is hereby, appropriated for the pur-
pose of carrying into effect The provisions
Of this act; and an account of the expen-
diture of the money, aud proceedings in
execution of the foregoing provisions, shall
be annually laid before Congress.
Monday, Feb. 20.
The Senate resumed the consideration
Of the report of the post office committee
relative to authOrising guard for the
mail. aud coneurred with the committee in
their resolution, that it is inexpedient to
authorize the Postmaster General to en-
ploy an armed guard foE the protection OF
the mails.
Elizabeth-Town gazette. [volume] (Elizabeth-Town, N.J.) 1818-1821, 1819-03-02
RESPECTING MA1L-GuARDs.
General Post Office, Feb. 10, 1919
AN OFFICIAL LETTER.

General Post Office, Feb. 10, 1919.
Sir-I had the honor to receive yours
enclosing a resolution of the Senate, in.
structing the committee on post offices and
post roads " TO enquire into the expedien-
cy of authorizing the Post Master General
TO employ an armed guard for the protec.
lion of the mails of the United States, OH
such mail routes as he may deem necessa-
ry."
Ihave, in reply to state the following
facts and considerations, which naturally
produce two separate views Of the sub
ject; one, of augmentation of expense
and the other, an uncertainty Of securing
the mails by the employment of armed
guards. The resolution proposes to leave
it discretionary with the Post Master Cen
eral on what mail routes to employ such
guards.
1t may not be easy to decide at what
point to commence or to terminate the
employment Of guards aud it will be inn
possible Tor the pecuniary receipts of the
Department to defray the expences 90 any
considerable portion of the stage routes a.
lone, oil which stages run more than
10000 milesper day even the stage fare
OF the guards would be very expensive.
The qualifications Of such guards should
be fidelity, vigilance, and courage, for the
use Of which, they have always demanded
aud received high compensation.
On The complete exercise Of those quail
ifications would depend the whole securi-
ty OF the mail, as the guard would possess
a complete power over the mail Carrier,
and The mail; and, If nnfaithful, might ef-
feet the most extensive depredations on its
contents; and in proportion to the numbers
employed, would be, the hazard Of their
Iuufaiihful conspiralion against the safety
OF the mails. If the system Of employ
| ing armed guards be once adopted, it could
never with safety be abandoned such
abandonment would operate an induce.
ment to attempt, SO far as the opinion Of
1.-THE efficacy OF guards nigh prevail with
Elizabeth-Town gazette. [volume] (Elizabeth-Town, N.J.) 1818-1821, 1819-03-02
HOUSE on REpREsENTAT1yEs.

Friday, FEB. II
Amongst the petitions presented and re-
ferred this morning, was one by Mr.. Ma
son of Mass. from Benjamin Dearborn, Of
Boston, stating that he has invented a
mode of propelling wheel carriages by
steam, well calculated for the conveyanc
of the mail and any number of passen-
gers, and which will be perfectly secure
from robbers on the highway-aud pray
ing that Congress may direct an expert
ment to be made, to test the utility of the
invention.
Elizabeth-Town gazette. [volume] (Elizabeth-Town, N.J.) 1818-1821, 1819-03-02
LEGISLATURE OF NEw.JERsEY
SKETCH OF THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE
HOUSE OF ASSEMBLY.
WedneSday, Feb. IL.

dUUSE OE ASSEmbLH.
Wednesday,, Feb. IL.
Mr.. Parker presented bill directing
the investment of the annual income of
the school fund; ordered I'd reading.
Mr.. Willis from committee. reported the
following unfinished business, viz.
2. The bill relative to the state-prison /;
10 to divorces Silas Hays from his wife /;
Is to divorce Keturah Wadsworth from
her husband: % relative TO holding courts
in Sussex; 80 authorizing bridge across
the Sound at the Blazing Star; AZ to d.
vorce Abel Everitt from his wife; so to
divorce Ira Burwell from his wife; ~ re-
Iative to courts of oyer and terminer "a
to abolish imprisonmen for debt; lOl re-
lative to index for deeds; 102 relative to
sale of Budd's estate; 1903 report on in-
ternai Improvements; l04 Treasurer's let
ter relative to school fund; lO8 docu-
ments relative to state prison.
A message from council informed that
they had passed the bill regulating the
fees of judges, surrogates, clerks, &c. with
amendments; TO which amendment the
house agreed.
Thursday, Feb. 10.
The bill to prevent surrogales, clerks,
&c, holding seats in the Legislature, was
taken up and postponed.
Mr.. j. Parker presented a petition from
a number of the inhabitants of New
Brunswick, deprecating the effect Of the
bill creating fund for internal improve
ment, which was read-whereupon,
MIR. J. Parker, with leave, presented a
bill entitled supplement to said act--read
and ordered second reading.
The engrossed bill to invest the school
fund, &c. the bill to defray incidental ex-
penses; the bill providing for an index
for deeds and the bill respecting inns and
taverns-were read Sd time and passed.
FRIDAY, Feb. 10.
A message from council informed
that they had passed bill entitled, an
act for the relief of persons confined 10 the
state prison; read twice, amended, and
ordered third reading, aud subsequently
passed.
The re-engsossed bill concerning the
estates of persons who die insolvent, was
read, compared, passed and sent to council.
A message from council informed that
they had receded from their amendment to
the supplement TO the act relative to the
expectation Of slaves, and passed the
same--that they had passed the supple
meut to the act for the Improvement Of in.
ternal navieation--aiso, that council had
agreed to the amendments Of the house
to the bill for the relief Of persons confin-
ed in the state prison.
MIR. Kinney moved the following reso-
lutioD--
ResoIved, That that the thanks Of this
house be presented to the hon. David
Thompson, jr. for the ability and impair
TALLY with which he has discharged the
duties of the chair---Agreed to.
The house rose without day.
Elizabeth-Town gazette. [volume] (Elizabeth-Town, N.J.) 1818-1821, 1819-03-02
FROM SOUTH AMERICA.
Baltimore. Feb. |,

baltimore, FEB. Is.
The editors of the Telegraph have bv
The politeness of friend, received from
South America file of the Censor from
the 22d of August to the | 9TH Of October
1918, inclusive.
The only items of any interest are
that
Letters of the 18th of August received
at Buenos Ayres from Salta, announce
the discovery Of very rich Silver Mine
seven leagues Ion that place, and that,
+" A rumour cireulates among our most
respectable men, that citizen Of charac.
ter has seen a printed proclamation from
Brazil of the President Of the Republic
of Venezuela, by which it appears that
patriotic Enslishmen arriving there at
different periods, to fight in the glorious
cause of the Republic have formed them.
selves into four regiments of 800 each,
which compose the Republican army, and
which in series Of engagements has beat.
en- general Morillo-who has retired to a
small fortress, with hopes Of cspitalatiOI.
Letters of the 9th of October confirm
the account that Malcuhuano is evacua.
ted.
Elizabeth-Town gazette. [volume] (Elizabeth-Town, N.J.) 1818-1821, 1819-03-02
NRw-YoRK, Feb. "a.
COMMON COUNCIL.

At special meeting of the common
council on Friday, the 10th February,
1919, the following preamble and resOlu.
lions were adopted.
Whereas the Common Council Of The
city Of New York entertain deep and
grateful sense of the public services Of
Major General Andrew jackson; as a
testimony of which, and wishing to trans
init to posterity the respect they bear for
his military achievements, the splendor Of
which has been surpassed only by the
great aud lasting benefits they have secur-
ed TO the United States:
Therefore, the Common Council, acting
in behalf Of the citizens of New York, do
resolve
LIST. That the freedom of the city in a
gold box, with suitable inscription, be
presented TO Major General Andrew
Jackson, at a Common Council to be spe.
cially convened for that purpose; aud
that an appropriate address be made to
him by his honor the Mayor, in behalf Of
the Corporation.
I'd. That he be respectfully request
ed to permit full length portrait painting
of bin to be taken, under the direction Of
the Corporation; to be placed in the gall
lery Of paintings in the City Hall.
Sd. That the Recorder, Alderman
Munson, Mr.. Stevens, Mr.. Allen aud Mr.
Bolton be committee TO wait upon zen;
Jackson on his arrival 10 this city, and
communicate to him, in behalf of the
Corporation, the high satisfaction it Will
afford them to receive him in the counch
chamber; and the manner in which they
are DESTROYS OF giving public demon
stration Of the very distinguished inter
est they take 10 his character and nn
fame.
In pursuance of the above resolution
Gen. Jackson yesterday attended al inc
Common Council Room in the City han.
and in the presence of great number o.
citizens, the Mayor presented the Uene-
raj with the Freedom of the City III .
gold box.
Elizabeth-Town gazette. [volume] (Elizabeth-Town, N.J.) 1818-1821, 1819-03-02

in a playful manner asked an Irish
man which candidate he should
vote for. The votary of St. Pat
rick Immediately, though with
much good humour, replied, And
faith, Mr.. Clay, / think as how |
shall vote for the man who can get
but one arm into the treasury
Elizabeth-Town gazette. [volume] (Elizabeth-Town, N.J.) 1818-1821, 1819-03-02

suting to the moral sense Of the nation
VIII be passed over aud forgotten ? The
details Of this event viii be read with pity
aud horror--but it should be pity for the
miserable inlatuaticn which will protect
it from the maiuersaL ezecration which it
merits.--It should be horror, that as a
people we are SO far from being purged Of
its crime.
Elizabeth-Town gazette. [volume] (Elizabeth-Town, N.J.) 1818-1821, 1819-03-02
From the Mercantile Advertiser.
PUBLIC DINNER.

Agreeably to arrangements the PuDh0
dinner to Gen. Jackson, was given yes
terday, at Tammany Hall. The compa-
ny consisted Of nearly four hundred ie'
spectacle citizens, and among the guests
we're General Porter, Com. Evans, Col
House, and other military and naval on
GERS. The Hall was decorated in 40 e'e'
CANT and appropriate manner. At aoou.
O'clock the company sat down to diuner'
Elizabeth-Town gazette. [volume] (Elizabeth-Town, N.J.) 1818-1821, 1819-03-02
ANEcDoTE.

When the Hon. Mr.. Clay was
somewhat unpopular with the peo-
pie Of his district for favouring the
famous compensation bill, the Hon.
Mr.. Pope, who has had the mis-
fortune to lose an arm, was run in
opposition to him. During the
electioneering campaign, Mr.. Clay
Elizabeth-Town gazette. [volume] (Elizabeth-Town, N.J.) 1818-1821, 1819-03-02
BosToN, Feb. 10.
ExECUTION OF YHE PIRATES.

EAECUIlON Of ThE Iinh Eo'
Yesterday the sentence OF Death on
John Williams, Francis Frederick, Niles
Peterson, alias Folgreeu, and John Rog,
convicted Of piracy and murder on board
the schr. Plattsburg of Baltimore, was
executed near the burying ground at Bos-
ton Neck.
The procession was formed in the fol.
lowing order:
Officer of Police, mounted;
Mr.. Sprague, Deputy Marshal, mounted
Messrs. Billings aud Baldwin, mounted
Surgeon and Superintendent of Police, il
carriage;
Coroner Stevenson, mounted;
Marshal and Sheriff, in carriage;
Two Constables, with Badges;
or PRISONERS, \ c
And Deputy Marshal Bell, and :
Catholic Clergyman, 10 :
az Wagon; 3
Two Constables, with Badges; q
CARTS WITH coFFINs;
Two aids, mounted.
At the fine anpointed nv the Marshal
Edwardsville spectator. [volume] (Edwardsville, Ill.) 1819-1826, 1819-06-12
A PEDESTRIAN TOUR.
FROM THE BOSTON PATRIOT.

Mr.. EstWick EUans has Just publish
ed his " Pedestrian tour 3Jour thou
sand miles, through the WeStern States
and Territories" a book of about $50
pages, printed at Concord, New-Hamp-
shire, which we venture to recommend
for the interesting subject OF its contents,
more especially as Mr.. Evans has been
mentioned in some of the country news
papers, and which has been copied into
some of the Boston papers, as charac-
ter more remarkable for singularity of
appearance, dressed in buffalo skins,
than for intelligence and matchless en-
terprize. All we have read of English
pedestrians shrinks into nothing when
compared with the winters walk of our
countryman, Mr.. Evans. He outstrips
every traveller Of any nation we have
ever heard of. If it be practicable to
walk to the North Pole, (and perhaps
such Journey is not impossible,) Est
gvick Exams is the man that will perform
it. No horse, no moose, no camel,
could have travelled through such a
country, at such a season, as that through
which this sturdy son Of New Hamp-
shire has passed.-There is an air of
truth and candor pervading this book,
and we have no doubt but it will be read
in Europe with uncommon interest.
The following is Mr.. Evans descrip-
ton of his equipments for his extensive
Pedestrian Tour:
:" 1t may crafty some to know the particu-
lars OF my habihments. Mine was a close
dress, consisting of buffalo skins. On my
shoulders were epaulettes, made of the long
hair OF the animal; and they were for the pur-
pose of shielding the shoulder from ram.
Around my neck and under one arm was strap
ped double leather case, with brass chargers,
for shot and ball and under the other arm a
case for powder strapped in the same way, and
also having a brass charger Around the waist
was belt with brace of pistols, a dirk, two
side cases for pistol balls, and case for moulds
and screws. Also, around the waist was
buckled an Indian apron, which fell behind it
was about IL inches square, covered with fine
bear skin, trimmed with fur, and having over
the lower part of it a net for game This
apron contained pocket compass, maps, Jour-
nal, shaving materials, a small Ratchet, patent
fireworks, &c. My cap and gloves were
made OF fur, my moccasons were of deer skin
and on my shoulder l carried a six feet rife
The partners ofmy tolls and dangers were
two faithful dogs.
sin this situation arrived at Detroit on the
Goth of March. My dogs, however, were de.
stroyed by wolves on the night of the 10th Of
that month, in the vicinity of the Miami
Swamp"