Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1819-05-07


OF, IN all probability prevented similar
overture from another great power.
IL is most remTkable fact, that from
England, France, aud Spain, powerful
| m"narchies aud nations of ancient fame
! The new Republic Of the United States
have succeeded in obtaining indemniiies
10 a very great amount for injuries sus-
famed by their citizens in the course of
The late wars of Europe wars in which
The ancieut laws and uSages of the world
nave been so little respected, aad so fre
qucnily violated.
IL is no less worthy ofremark, that these
indemnilIes have been obtained by paci-
nc negOciations-by a reliance upon the
justice OF our demands, and the ability
OF The government TO sustain them, with
ont The co OPERATION OF other powers; and
HE only great political mistakes, in rea-
non 10 our foreign affairs, seems 10 have
Oeen the two wars that were made by
congress the first under the administra-
ton of MIR. Adams, against France, and
The second during the presidency of MIR.
Madison, against Ensland.-[ No Eng. e.
In neither of these instances, - ere the
Objects oil the war obtained by it: on Iir
contrary the just claims of our citizens
| were not only not satisfied, but were a
| oandoned III the treaties OF peace No I
Eaq.]
In respect 10 the territory north of the
40lh degree OF latitude, and between ihe
| Rocky Mountains and ihe Pacific Ocean,
| The treaty with Spain cedcs Ia The Quilted
States her claim 10 The same. The !aie
| convention with England, power that
| has made pretensOns 10 This territory,
| provides, without deciding any thing
touching the validity of the rights of The
Two parties III thls quarter, that for The
purpose OF navigation, residence, aud
Trade with the iHdiaus or Others, This ter-
rliory, Including HE fisheries on the
coast, aud the navigation of The rivers,
shall De common 10 Tive people of buih
counties during The continuance Of ihai
| convention.
The claim of England is founded upon
| the establishment, made al NoOlka Sound,
| by certain English merchants residing i'm
| Tie last Indies, ia the year 1886 an es
IablI+hmeni broken up by The Spanish
authority IN 1859, Spain claiming The en-
ire coast from Cape Horn, inthe southern
hemisphere, 10 Prince Williams Soun IN
| oil degrees of north latitude, where the
| most southern Russian establishment las
| been nIadr.
| The English establishment at Moot
ka, IN lie harbor OF Saint laurence. bay-
ing been destroyed by The Spanish
naval force, tie English vessels found
there, seized, ana their crews made pri-
Soners, gave occasion 10 Tie British arlna
ment OF Span in 1890.
| The dispute was settled by a conven-
ton between Great Britain and Spain,
| concluded III October, 1890 by the first
article whereof Spain engaged to resiorr
TO the subjects OF Great Britain the build
lngs and tracts of land on the Horth west
| II nj ,,f, ~, 81, 4 a
| dIspossesaed by The Spanish forces. The
second article promised "a Just reparation
for these acts OF violence including COM
pensaiIon for vessels, buildings, and mer-
chandIze, seized or DESTROYED bv the
| Spanish forces; and the other articles
provide that places 10 The nUrthna.d o.
! the parts of the coast then occupied bv
| SPAN, which should afterwards be set
tied by either party, should be open 10
The subjects OF both parties, who might
trade there without molesia,iom.
Spain founded her claim on the first
discovery and occupancy Of The coast :
atItle that she concluded England was
not at liberty 10 dispute, as by the
| eighth article OF the treaty 81 Utrecht she
had guaranteed Spanish America in tie
extent IT had III the time Of Charles The
ID; an extent that included the whole
|
latitude.
England asserted that Nooika was a
vacant and unimprOved gterritory, wten
taken possession of by her subjects i'm
| 1856, and denied the extension of the
| Spanish claim, which as Mr.. Pit oh
served In parliament, was the most absurd
and eXOrbltant That could be imagined.
Spain demanded the succor Of France
on This occasion, under the family com
pact. LOUIS ANl. referred the demand
TO the national assembly. and Mirabeau,
IN behalf of IFS diplomatic committee.
admitted the validity OF what he called
ihe national Compact with Spain, and
reported that the territory IN dispute be-
tween Spain and England, in fact belong.
ed TO Deliher, but That tie same was un-
quesil"ndbiy the property of iie indie
pendent inhabitants whom nature origi-
naly placed there
Whatever OF title 10 territory north OF
AZ degrees OF latitude, belonged 10 Spain
By discovery, occupancy, or treaty, now
belongs 10 the u. States in virtue Of the
late treaty. The only lille Of England i,
derived iroR the occupation OF Nooika
m 1886 .aniecedehi 10 which period, this
coast had been explored aud taken pos
session oi by citizens Of the United
States; so That with the Spanish claim.
aud our title as earlier discover. rs and
occupants tiian England, we sAalI in all
probability be able So establish an eXclu.
slye title to the countries west Of the
Rocky Mountains, aud between the Ia
liiude OF IL degrees, tie northern boun
Diary OF SPAN, AID that Of O. degrees
the souilern establishment Of Russia.
JUNIJS.
HE controversy respecting the auilen