Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1819-05-14

We gave repeated the most important Of Mr.. SheI
oon experiments, hOth ~ relation to tanning
any dying, and well satisfied tkat the discov
err has not oN.rraIrs etIOneeusy estimated, the
Iaius Of his results. We are persuaded mat the
highly nSeJt arts alluded to- viii derive important
-.a rom the use Of material ~ abundant aud cheap
d. ches"ht wood" tPhiid. Union.
lfrOm the imsric9n Journal OF Science.l
10 PROFESSOR SILLIMAN.
Springfield, 4 M0Ss.) FEB. II, 1919.
DEAR SIR u send You a more particular account OF
rue newly discovered properties vi the chtsnut.
rms Tree, fGg1S CGstGAea, Linn. is very abundant
W iAe New England aud the middle states and occurs
~ '~ mountainous districts, as lar souihward as South
.a'~in', OF perhaps even Georgia. 1t is one OF the
a,es u.es Of the forest scsrceiy less distinguished
wood. ''
BY .eptated analysis, conducted with the miautest
attention to every circumstance which could
accuracy, II Appeals incredible II may seem, that
&c Sheshhl UOud contains twice much tannin
f"ss'd' irGSpedJ 5ark ana six sey.uihs as much
eoothg mater (Which gives black vita nom as log
wood AN aware that nothing could he farther from
the common apprehension than such results but the
""lioiiH success OF variety of experiments
tanning AID dying, in addition lhe Olbei kiud evil
ueMce, should satisfy the most ,ncrednioGs
Tue leatArr tanned with II, has, ia every instance,
been superior to that tanned CONS awe expert
ihe'' N"h can bark being frmer, porous, snd At
Use same tine 'oIe plaoe. The for this diier
ehce viii probably be in the hish state Of ory.
,'"tnt vi The bark, particularly OF the eridurmis,
u. "Heh II Is rendered, to cerain degree, aud
corrosive Dr. Bancroft was perhaps the fTst who
tictd the oNygenlzsBsnt of harAs lie attributes the
aah DoNh c""r oi the epderns of ms guvrctron, to
'i's cause ana as continuation of lae idea Save
ooser'ed that ink made of the epIaernis of auuteI
slhn @, "atS though AT hrst 10 he distinguished by
Tue '"i" nom thai made Of the cellular aad ceTtcal
paris, Is uc"npaIa ably less permanent.
as material Tor baking ink, wood Of the ches,
hnt is pt"haDy unNaiied. Combined with iron III any
pt"p"tion, II gives, rs 1t is diluted concentrated
pure blue, or blue black while gals sunack &C. &c.
uaIess contained With greater ON Than "A con.
ss'ent with the hlggst degree OF prtraneucy atOrda
Ofac@ more or less Incllniug tn reddish brown The
" ,he eheshut Is indeed blue, aud net be dIs
thS"'sbed 10y the eye fTolD indigo hut when ainused
on pLpet this sae substance becomes au Intense shin.
Ihs biack In dying iitte difference observable he.
wen NE chvSH"t Aad gals, aud suach except ihat
ia ,h ''y. n-s "tWEtr greater affinity Tor wool, SC
l"h me latter ana OF course requires less boiling Its
pe'udnelcy has been cUlNprtely by long expo
ie 20 I'r san ana weather. bat 10 donDt cat
'H's SrH" Il Tie rsshion Of Barlholirl he true.
Of iTvn aud laTum.
r"prepare the chesnut fs the purposes Of tan
ming mode bias been devised or redgcing II suit
"ne dtEr' Ui inehsss. Ihis melkOd consists IN the
application oi knives either in the direction Of.
uhnsefSe) IN the grain by aTolaory (foIaTy) melton.
ms NOSE "hN!ou'i! involves the greatest possible
rS"fo'ny ~! moving powers. MessTs Is. * .Stebbins
Oh MS;l springfield vino aye making arrangements Tor
S"hf iaseiy into the expectation OF The article
'E construction machine upon this plan.
As mIsht I've expected, the msPissaied aqueous
H"'t"' the chesRut bears neai resemblance 10 many
p"ueiAs "a Caiechu. Professor Dewey, OF Williams
SoheGe "h" II Gly request, has through eXten-
sive aSd elaborate OF experiments Informed me
inat nc obtained quarter of the gratinOus pre-
cIpitie ireIn the foTHleT than from the latter. BY
TASTE the two sub, tauees are not 10 he dstingshed
except that the former pungent IL leaves upon
ihe tongue the same permanent aud refreshing
ness Tor which the other is much priced III the
-
nut Night NOT the eNraUt be advanageonsy
Ell for sechu, IN tile celebrated life preserving
P"Suoh OF Dr. Pearson The object being concen-
At 'He greatest poss'pe quantity Oi nutritious aud
t9Iic substances iH the smallest weight.
The colaTisg properties OF lie two substances are
e"Te!, different After the discovery, twelve or fifteen
yrdrs since OF lie composition u terra japonied
temple were made ia England introduce it INTO the
W' era tnseha, as substitute for gals but EnfOT
trhatey Ike the extract Of quercitTon affords with
IRON nothing bat meagre olive amd DT. Bancroft
s;aesSshAt III great number trials ne as unable
~ Ike
tNk, SVtn upon wool, much lees upon GOTTEN and
snq uar fact Which observed in tie course Of NV
eNprtsdenis, Is worthy ol notice. had prepared for
5crFn purpose, solutions fTGmihc wOOG VI the uuk of
" uee about feet, ans fuU tlal ot limb about
IhCbes III diameter. The same quantity Ood aud OF
The so!' ent was employed both ON adding TO
each The sAne quantity VI the solution gelatiEe sbun-
n'' pieciplta'e: immediately appeared usual, ap
pAiehtJ much the Ianis IN quantity bat to my asun.
hfni the size ot tue several c"ngrIts in each, bore
'N pI"Poueh 10 ihh' ct HE sucAs from which they
"cfe obtained, not "1e,ing much from that Of mid
d'ln' ana 81 very snail faxes Ut Is tins not
eN'ld'Im"a'y icI, tFlncve Of Cnu plicaIIOn H the
arrangement OF these hoiIts hitherto peced l...
May u mol, IL auNr fgturg period lead HOnPHcid-
fT"e ~ PrFcippGtS aiofding like the gh.rstaloETa-
phi al h"uN, 4 h"H aud dc Ctt2ts nude uf determining
tie compositions oG substaHCpsi and perhaps throwing
light upu the obscure snbrrt Of ch,TncaI or II Won
ple.se HcCifH cblWical aiiEes The size Of q stick
might ptJo'hiy be asccr;iisrd witL almost as r,uch
p'ee's' "'d' ~ arlH" measurement. tue solutions
ga tvs tNprr nrpi, formed hy uiareratiou cold
S"ter When hot WaicI Sasrulpluy ed and the process
Was c"rpr' Ell ~ t"o " i'ee hours, ihe appearance
be,r2 s'"A,'er, irregular, laiI rot well deGned.
SAVE "ply ,o add tliat having taGen neasVres 10
C"I' we discovery beth m this Go"Hi5y aud Europe,
d w. ' "'s" 10 'fng II M" general Zoe speedily
aia, sir. very respectfully, your obelicu, ssrvaat,
WILLIAM SHELDON.
'Jhgt p, ths uiarr 50rf dcpyjrgd Of .ks eper,1cy.
mis- " G"fer marx, by Tue si4cirg 48ijc.
,FfoW the Edinburgh Review Tor December. 1851
Bi'h'S : a~els in H,ngarg.- From urmeno
TIE author proceeded To The gold and silver
muses. SchemuIiZ KteButz, which he has de-
s'r'bed az srcat length, as aI,O the various
a 'cinaNtic processes eHpIOY6d 10 obtain IN,
me as IRON their ores. Tho prevalent tock is
tehdtT cIdyStOac pOrphyry, in some uiaces
passing into grut sIien; the SUBMITS Of the.
| iils heiug allcOmpOscd Ofthis grunsiipn. Tie
district productive Of the precious ,uefaIs H.
about or square mill s iU extent. and cor
t"ihs great parallel veins, running cast aud
wCSI, ~ zip in2 at an angle UfSO degrees In
theHe VEINS, consisting chiefly Of reidSpar
vars ins from 60 10 70 feet 10 thickness aud
| connected with each other by small and ire
Eui'I branches. e. fund the mel dc ore form
iuS elm, from 80 ~ iuches IN thickness. and
"' uses liued with crystals Of tic metal quartz
'bI cJ:aIeous spar. The great veins Of Sic
p.lr 5C'chtl, rcpwi kabIe ~ diminisbiug in
"idui, ~ u approaches the surface, which is
/ cpps'def'" ny tie miners a. an exception to
| TIE general rule.
There are twelve great niiues IN isdiSfrict
| All Of which tnd an outlet for their water al
| adePui Of twelve hundred feet, by one adit
| the length of Which Is estimated al tw Give
| miles. The veins have, however, been vyrou.,hf
! To- ths depth OF eightcea hundred feet and
| rom these deeper galleries. tie water is rais-
| ed 'y most ingenious machine. invented by
| iioii the clief engineer ~ the imperial mines
! = stream Of water procured from reservoirs in
'he high yAliios, fats though perpendicular