Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1819-05-21

VI 'ne vf"fu territory shaii he Incorporated M
the Union OF the United States, ani admitted.
as soon as possible, according TO tue principles
vi tue federal constitution, to the enjoyment
OF aN the rights, advantages, and iinmuui-
lies OF citizens of the United States &c.
Every state in the Union, as becn admitted,
without ANY cosdiiion touching the rights of
sovereignty all are permitted, or rather pos
ses: the right, 10 hold slaves. Eleven of them
90 hoid slaves. The treaty makes it imperative
On toneresS TO admit Missouri into the Union
10 ,his treaty the House OF Representatives
nave dSSented. That body voted the appro-
ptiai'on to carry the same into effect. Con-
g'eSs thereby agreed 10 admit Missouri" isto
III. Union a. a sovereign state, - to the epIoy-
meh OF all the rights, advantages aud jnmHni-
ties OF citizens oflhe United States, aud yet
CohgreSs, by this amendment, says In Missou-
RI, YOU shalt not ne admitted rs a sovereign
stale, and your citizens shall not have the same
righfS aud dir0RtGges that citizeus of every
state may have, and that The citizens at eleven
states absolutely enjoy. A clearer aud more
tlipab'e violation of treaty, IN my opinion,
wa never made.
| The reasons lowing from the constitution
aud the treaty, would have been sufficient,
| had they stood alone, 10 have controlled my
vote. BIT they were streng ttened By conside-
| rations Of policy.
The opinion of mutual interest is the chain
which binds these states t0geiher-change
this opinion for one, thata section otthis coun.
| try is hostile to the interest OF another, aud
| disttust aud jealousy enSue-mdke that hostilt
paipahc, and the Union would not last IA day
The silve-hOldin. states, like The non-slave-
hoiting states, are alive TO all questions that
| tsnch their property-and however humiiiat-
| ing II NAY be 10 speak ct human beings as pro-
| perry, The consultation and laws of our couu-
| try consider the slaves of the south as such
Any question calculated To affect the value or
| tae right TO this species of population, could
not but he regarded by our coHutrymen of the
south With Tue utmost Jealousy. The country
vest of the Mississippi was purchased with the
Joint fuhds of the nation-all, therefore, had
JOINT interest liz IL. But the amendment pro-
kposed, by excluding slaves, absolutely eXciud.
ed the population Of all the southern, aud a
part OF the western states, from that fertile
domain. THIS furnished another ground of
distrusi-besi'ics, II exhibited spirit of mo-
nopoly altogether incompatible with that ha r.
inony and good N,li so essential in preserving
the union OF the states. liz created a distinc-
ton between siave-holding and non-sla.e-
hsiding states; distinction that loses none
OF lis mschie vonS qualities from the ability To
trace 4 on the mGp Of country. Who that
regards ihe union of the states can contem-
plate the feelings which the agitation of this
question excited without emotion And who,
IN rejecting upon il, is not strongly reminded
of the adnOnition of the Father of hi. country
: TO " tiown with Indignation upon the first
dawnin2s ct an attempt to array one portion
of the iulIs bitants of this ceuuiry against ano-
ther"s
And, after all, what has this question 10 do
WIN Inc princlPiesof slavery. Our ancestors
brought ti'is unfortunate race OF beings I'M
uuf theN nave multiplied an
alarming extent; they are the property oil our
fellow cItileus, secured 10 them by the con-
siitution aud laws of the United States Their
>nnnlbcr forbids the idea OF general emancioa-
tioiAwiiat then does policy require in relation
TO them That we shonld proven, the increase,
byimporiaiiea, by the most rigid execution
OF The seterest penalties. This we are attemnt-
my; and had tile pleasure OF voting for a
law al the last session, nticting the penaltu al
deWh on any one convicted of importing q
SLAVE INTO the United States. What does hu-
nsniiy demand That we should confiue them
ior ever within tue present limits OF ihe slave
hoiuing states. or suffer the master to emf
gra'e with his slaves into Weston America
wheIe,t from The extent. the fertility and pro-
auctions OF the country, they mast be more
tehder.H treated, better fed. s. in all resperts
tneir condition ame!iorated Considerations
OF tnis nature, however. apply only to the ex-
peulercN OF the amendment with me they
had iaeir weight. Upon the whole The ones.
t'oh was ore Astounding with difficulties til.
niOSt aeilcdie and perhaps the most peruleN \.
''s TASK IOnalrepreseBiative fluids himself
c"ileu OIL 10 perform, u to discriminate instI
"ttwc"" Tie powers OF the federal and state
so.pihhehts. L shall, probably, always err
: "" t'iiS SUP eel because am firmly persnaded
maj 'ile federal government has powers am.
~ s"'hc'eht tor the great purposes for which
lh'y we're given, and my anxiety to secure
+ ~. states ana the people in all their rights
Hi"y iedo me INTO overweening jcalou.y One
on me great questions which divided the peo.
PIE OF this country ilto their present political
= parties was involved ia the principles of tue
amendment. Authorizing S'drery. in any form
aS mucii as any man, could have believed the
prnciPie OF slavery involved in the uuestinu1
shouId have obeyed The dictates of NV ov n
conscience. and voted Tor it-but. instead of
slavery thought beheid principle dauge-
I"ns To The peace, the liberties, and union of
'hiS country. L therefore voted ayainst IL
WIN great respect, am, sir, your FREUD.
HENRY SHAW.
Ihe pdttey offhe Mississippi TO lyeyj,b
contans one million nve hundred thousand so,sre
The Romar empire, according to Giibon E .rt,in.s
the time Of Augustus Cesar, million six hun.
bie0 thousand. 80 '
lid' ps""" eWriTe was then is the zenith Of her
power and spirndoT. asr yalnIy snpposed 10 hav. IN,
oi'ae1 the woi wnb'n tier limits YET was bntvery
htie la ger than he valley which is dIsir.d b, 81
"aiers al the Mississippi. - '"'
Bn' 10. d9'nn on OF The American Republic is not
hWittd {" ,Je0 oO1 square miles The vaIcv st,cI,
eN'Ibis Thai IN shceHt area is nn; pari OF her en-
pIe vince also embraces tvs appeiIdaIt stones or
OOfdets cue tai tie east where Tn. old "a Iinite
ate snaied AMI the other to tl,e west vh.rsti
oIt0t Z iuhbia and Muiinonah aud lie shore ,f rho
rschc, have SCI 10 ivif. a. 1ni,iy, 80 81 ,e
ntTchant. W sue rdS' ihu'A
These slopes. hoIders being counted in with the
Va"ey, VIII n"ke The neTicsh Republic near double
TUE sNe OF TIA Roman empire and every man NAY go.
tnat sne WIN D. more powe,ni IN proportion TO her
superior sEe, on account Of her middle position he.
tween Europe aud ASIA her compact form and tl,s M
tnIa union and indivisihili,y Of al her parts "'
two powers '' N" O"'
!. Tue American republic.
z The republic of 1eAIco.
Tie Limits of the hrst viii naturally he
" the east aud west, the TIVE oceans.
VIC north, a line which shall cover the Columbia
Tue heads of the Missouri sad yississiapi the lakes
'ho tshe "a 50 much Of The Canadas as may be worth
possessing. 80 ~ we"
Mo 10 tue south, line through the Gulf OF Mexico
'.aNhs ihe island Of Cuba TO The right aud cIossipg
ne continent westwaTdly by leaving the RIO gra1de
| rIgbt. W "e
The Mexican Republic, Of course will ocou,v the
pddhct "I tne continent south TO the sthus of
IhcIr VIII sIill remain indc nendcnt 80 ~. nn