Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1819-05-07

| '''N 'NFhilS ''Oit i've NOEAn WEST NOinl
OF The Lake al The Woods TO The source
of The Mississippi. The treaty viii,
France, by which Louisiana was coded
10 the United States. having bees, signed
iew days before Mr.. kiny g convention
wi'h England, il Was unprecedented illa,
HE northern limits OF Louisiana might be
affected by The convention with Great
Britain. For ihis reason il was not rali
ned and II has been reserved 10 slr.
hoaroe's administration tinally and sd
iisiactoriiy Ia settle question of boun-
cary thai has remained open, and The
source of some inquicindc, ever since The
i'r>t treaty otpeace with England The
lreaty negotiated with Great Britain in
Octeber last, not only settles the ques-
.ion respecting the right OF that country
TO go from Canada 10 the hiississippi, and
10 navigate The same, a right that is now
altogether abandoned, but il moreover
establishes, in their utmost extent north
ern'y, tire limits of Louisiana, by making
the 49th degree OF North latitude The
boundary between the territories of The
United States and Of Great Britain, from
The Lake of The Woods TO the Rocky
Mountains. This parallel of latitude is
understood To have been agreed upon as
me southern boundary of the Hudson'~
BAY Company, by the commiss[aresl
appointed under the treaty of Utrecht.
According TO This line, considerable
portion OF the territory granted by The
Hudson Bay company TO the Earl of
oeiklrk, falls within the United States,
and is lostby his lordsIlip.
len or twelve depots, or Indian trad
ing posts, of the Canada North West
Company, which lie along the south side
OF thp l. 4.
Lake Superior 10 The Lake of the Woods,
upon the upper waters Of the Mississippi,
and on the branches Of the Red River Of
Lake Winiplc, and within the Limits of
the United States, will now be broken
up, and these traders excluded from fur
ther influence over, and intercourse with,
the indians residing within our territory.
lhe military post proposed TO be es-
tablished by detachment Of our army
upon Tie Missouri, will enforce the excln
sion OF the Canadian North West Com
paHy from The posts hitherto occnpied
Dy Them within The limits OF the u. States
whether Tins detachment will actually
proceed 10 The mouth of The Yellow
Stone, as at FIRST proposed, or stop short,
ana lake post at or on This side Tie great
northern bend of the Missouri, we have
not been able to ascertain.
As all the objects connected with the
Indian trade may be effected by militia
ry station on the Jacque River, a'branch
OF The Missouri, or near The sources OF
the Red River OF Lake Winipic. it is no,
Improbable that "a military post OH This
river will be preferred to one at the mouth
| OF the Yellow Stone River, which is as
much as fourteen degrees of longitude
west OF the Mississippi, and between two
ana three degrees of latitude south OF
| our northern boundary.
lhe principal object of post al the
feiiow Stone, seems to have been the
control OF The numerous Indian tribes in
that quarter, and The protection of our on II
Indian traders, Who will supply the places
OF those from Canada, who will hereafter
be inhibited.
But there Is some danger of misun-
dersianding with these remote tribes of
indians, and as the post will be so far
from the frontier settlements, that speedy
succonr could not be furnished in case
OF need; station less remote, that could
be supported from the frontier settle
ments, and which could also afford pro
lection 10 our Indian traders, NAV be
found 10 deserve preference.
The northern limits OF Louisiana being
thus satisfactorily adjusted with Great
Britain, II has been the further good for
tune OF MIR. Monroe's administration, by
| The recent treaty with Spain, not ONLY TO
establish III most advantageous manner
The western and southern boundary OF
Louisiana, but also 10 obtain the impor-
fant cessIon Of the Floridas. The houn-
dary line between The United States and
oPaln commences at the mouth of The
River Sabine, station about four degrees
west OF the mouth of the Mississippi,
thence following The right bank of lie
Sabine TO the sd degree Of north laii-
| tude thence due north course To the
right bank of the Rio Roxo, OF Natchlio-
ches, or Red River; thence up and along
| the right bank of that river 10 the Tooth
| degree OF longitude west from London.
and % from Washington thence due
north TO The River Arkansas; thence a.
long the right bank of the Arkansas TO
| Its source thence north or south as NAV
be requisite 10 Tie 42d degree of north
latitude; thence along The said parallel OF
latitude 10 the South Seas. The United
States renouncing all claim TO the terrific
~ lying west and south Of this line. aud
SPAN reDounclng all claim 10 the terrific
ry east and north If the same.
The treaty With Spain provides also for
tie adjustment, and compensation Of the
claims OF our citizens upon the Spau
Ish government, OIL account OF property
illegally taken and condemned during
The late wars Of Europe. Tie present
deranged condition of tie Spanish iinan.
ces not permitting this indemnify To be
paid out OF the Spanish treasury, Spain
has coded the Floridas TO The Uniied
States IN fall sovereignty, in lieu of such
indemnity, and the United States have
assumed TO pay TO their own citizens z
sum not exceeding five millionof dollars
on account of losses, for which, accord.
ing TO the law Of nations Spain was liabi.