Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1818-12-01

Vernment are recognized, accompanied N is
trne, with certain drawbacks, for wi,,ch fLey
plead the necessity cf the times bnt which
thcy profess their intention TO q away, on the
nnal settlement of the goyernmeat-a consem-
nation anxiousiy desired By AN classes OF IN.
habltants. The example OF France has warn
ed them not to attempt too much nj frat ihey
nave followed the plan Of the United States
IN The Introduction OF gradual reforms, instead
otresoftiugi0 violent and suddea iunuyafi,n,
and revolutions.
Next tn the establishment of their indepcp.
dence by arms. the education of their Youth
appears 10 he the subject OF the most anAiops
interest. Ihey complain, that every possible
impeachment was thrown inthe wal Of cduca-
tion previous 10 the revolution that. so fat
from fostering public institutions for this-rnf.
pose, several schools were actually prohibited
IN the capital, and the youn. nieu were n. I
without restraint peimitt ed la 20 ABROAD to,
their education. There was ege 4, Cor
dova, at which those destined Tor the bar. or
,he priesthood, completed their studies, upon
the ancient mohkish principles. Another
called San Carlo. (now the uiioa OF the Scushl
had been opened IT Eueuus .AAfes.. L--ss MS
aittr"arus converted into barracks for sol
diors. II Is an immense building. more eSieI,-
sivc. perhaps, than any winch has bes2 desil.
Gated 10 learning in this country and Il has
lately been flied mp 1T "a yeIy a.yeht e..
pence. Tue school was 10 have opened IN
May or June last, on more riut,eYn md
liberal plan of discipline and Instruction.
The library OF the state is kept in an adjoi,i,B.,
building II occupies suite of six rooms, and
the greaier pat rare aud valuable. III i fuI,n
cd out II The library of tire iesuits. tie books
cOl!ectedinthe different Trunas eries dsnatters
from individuals, and - annual appropri. ti0i
by the government, AID contains WORKS on
all subjects and in all the iahSuaEes oil the 70
ished nations of Europe. A verS yalrabe
a1uIiiop has been lately made, Of tT;.i tlorI
aud volumes, brought 10 BnenoS Aytes be ~,
Bonpiand, companion of lie ceieblaies
Humboldt
Besides the University Of Cofdovs at which
Here are about i5O students, tlIe,c are mn. ,c
schools II, all the principal towus sIiinlorr.d
By i,ieir respective corporations Iu ftuesios
Ayfes, besides an academy, in wkicii are tau. iIt
the higher branches, and the COLLEGE betir.
mentioned. there ave public schools, tor
whosr support tie corporation contributes
ab'nt 5 I,01o annually; and, according 10 the
returns OF last year, the nWmber OF scholars
amounted 20 s6i I here ate 5 other schools,
-Acinsl.eiy tor The bencti' of tie poor, 4
under the charge OF the d.i.cIen, nohasieIi.s:
these are supplied with booAs and stationery
al the public expense. Theirs are alsa parish
schools IN lie country. for ihe support ofwbieh
aporiioD of the tItles las been lately set apart
IL * rare 10 meet VIII. boy 10 OF IL years OF
age. III the city OF Bnenos Ayres. who cannot
read and write. BESIDES the scholars thcs
instructed, many have private tutors Ia
addition To all this, l must not omit 10 meaiian
the military academies supported by govern
nfent al Buenos Ayres and Tncuman al which
there are a considerable number OF cad l..
There are no prohibited hooks of any kind +;
all are permitted 10 circulate freely, OF 10 b.
openly sold in the bookstores; among thefs is
the new testament ia Spanish. Iiis aleAe Is "a
prouIgiouS step towards the emancipation OF
their minds from pIeludices. There are sPyerai
bookstores whuse profits have rapidly ircisss-
ed proof that the lumber Of readers has,
augmented in The same proportion. There had
been large importation of English books, I:
language becoming daily more familiar 10 them.
Eight years ago, the mechanic art Of priitrilis
was scarcely known in Buenos 4 Sfss: ~
present there are three print otiicts, one
OF OF Them very. extensive containing presses.
HE price of printing IS, uotwiihstano az az
least three times higher than III lie United
States But. aS there il no trade or intes course
with Spain, all school books use5 in tn, coiin,ry
some OF them original are published IL Buenos
Ayres; the business is ihcr fore. profitable.
and rapidly extending. There ave nfAny poll.
teal essays which, ead of Jeii erfets i.i
the ewspapers, are published in loose sheets :
there are also original pamphlets as we'll AZ
publications Of foreign works The cOusiiir.
tions OF the United States, aud Of ,he different
states, together with very good history OF our
country, and many of our most important state
papers, are widely circulated. The work u
Dean fures, the veneIable historian OF The
country, cOmpiised in-lhree large octayuV
Tunes, considering Tie infancy of the typogfs,
phic art in this part OF the world. may b. re-
gafded as an undertaking OF some magnitude.
There are 3 weekly journals or ncwspancr.
published III the city. which have aue extensive
circulation through the United Provinces
They all advocate the principle Of liberty ard
republican i'rms OF government move otter
would suit the ppbiic taste. The year before
last, II rs tine, one of the ape,s teniurpd Ia
advocate the restoration of The Incas OF Peru
with a Limited monarchy. hui il was badly ye-
ceived. No proposition for The restoration &C
hereditary power OF any Kind, a. far as cOuil
lean,wiil be 'crionsiy listened to for moment,
by the people. Even tie ordjlary language
had changed They speak Of the state, H''thp
people, " tie public" g country" and Use
other terms, as ii Ihe u. States Implying the
interest that each man takes in villa: appertalis
TO the community. The first principle Goa
stsntiy .culoatedis," that all power ii.htimily
enauHtes from The people" This aud similar
dOgmas, forms part of The education ct chji-
dren. taught az tie same time " ith their cafe.
chism. II is natural. that the passion f0r free
government should be coniinuaiiy Increasing.
A fact may be mentioned tu shutY the solid
advancement they have made. which Is. thai
the number of votes taken at their clrcfinnr
increases every year. ln becoming habiiuateh
to this peaceful aud ORDERLY mode of exprc.s.Dg
their right Of choosing those whc are To hp
invested with authority. the tnmuliunuv sud
irregular removal by kind Of general ofztrry
or reclamation, of those who have been closer,
will gradually cease.
Rather than disturb the order Of society,"
they will endure with patience, nuti TIE m
arrive for efeCiiug regular aud constitutional
change. Since the election of the present
director, nose Of these fnnutts befors an
frequent have occurred. IkeSr fritnnlfs havs
seldom been attended wi.h biood,hod .ef
they rrodnce great confusion, aud disorder.
aHl ..Vs rite Ia habis of ~ ui,prdIrsfiIp.
~ The same time that they ale rniu0rs "a the
character Of nation.
The vice royalty OF Buenos Ayres offered
from The rest IN one inpofast particular. "a
contained no nobility, or. IT auv very few.
I his may be regarded as fisotaiie cttct,rf,.
stance IN tieir society. Another favorable
feature, very necessary ~ the csSiN ai
naimstrajioH of their af'dirS IL lie Conduct AZ
many individuals WHO have fiIpe lIe hiahesf
Office Of state, descending fipin ilas dienihed
| situation, to ipferisr pests I'D, d.srbareir-