Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1818-07-07

WettiN preGaiOfS.
The Republicans, on the other band,
have an army of Ten thousand strong. in-
Guiding rs fine cavalry as ever saw the
Whole well accouired and veil disciplined.
Three Thousand five hundred under Tic
command OF General OIliggins. name
celebrated in the history of this country.
are stationed AT Ta.ca, on this side of the
river Maule, 10 arrest tile progress of the
enemy at that place, where il is Intended,
10 giNe item battle. The residue are i'm
tins neiIghborhood, and form that body
WINCH visited on my way, under the
command OF San Martin, IL native of The
district of Buenos Ayres, gallant and
experienced soldier, sagacious, entegpriz-
nag and prompt. lie served throughout
The Whole Of the war in Spain, ana upon
lis return 10 his native land, formcd and
executed a march without lsrsllel in his
Tory. tie iraversed a distance of on hun
dred and twenty leagues, oyefs tise awlul
and sinpendous Andes, with an army of
'hree thousand men, encounIering diff
cuiiIes and obstacles TO whiclitIie African
aud tile Cors,can in the passage Of the
Alps we're strangers. He commenced
The expedition with Is, 900 mules, (Which
number, $4,000 persisted OH The way, and
IN The short space Of twelve DAYS arrived
AT ChacabncO, OH this side of the Andes
before the enemy had notice of his APP
prOach.
The whole Of The population of The
country, 'ilay be estimated al 500, OOG
souie; there are, however, no pOsi!ive.da,a
upon winch 10 form The estimate OF
This, nearly one third are Spapiards and
Creoies, and Tie other twe-ihrds native
Chiiians. The SpaniarJs are extremely
limited III number. ard without influence
or energy, and generally nRiriendly TO lire
revolution the other two classes think
may be relied upon In support the change
OF government. Ii Is from among the
Chilians ti;al San Martin has organized an
army they are habitually excellent horse
men, Injured 10 fatigue. and possess CON
siderable physical energy. They are not
insensjble 10 their former decradation. 4.
am persuaded will meet aay danger in
defence of the country willie They lave a
head 10 lead, 10 combimr and to control.
he Creoles partake of the character as
signed 10 HE Creoles of the other parts of
HE gicbe--trank, benevolent and hospi-
tab'e-ardent, but incident and deficient
IN that energy of mind which is necessary
to give stability. Their supcrsiitions aud
their preludices, have checked The pro-
gress Of mental growth. but they are
changing; wha; WAS AT first an impulse
communicated by the aDimaiing example
OF their ncIghbors of Buenos Ayrcs is
now conviction, the result Of reflection.
iheir intercourse with foreigners, the ad-
vanIages OF commerce, and the prevail
ing confidence iii the talents of San Mar
, TN, give strength daily to-thc cause Of e.
mancipaiicU. There are instances Of
patriotism aud devotion to country, which
weuid have done honor TO Rome in her
best days"
80 february 10.
Since had The honor of addressing
You last, the independence OF Chill has
been proclaimed with great pomp, in the
presence o! g.: lnnumerablc conc curse of
ciiizcns. Ii had been delayed thus long,
IN order 10 connect il with lie day on
which The battle O: Chacabuco took place,
OF which yesterday was the anniversary.
The rejolcings continued until mid
night, and are now recommending with
zeal and glow that evince much senti-
ment Every house in the city exhibit
cd some token OF appreciation, by flags,
emblems, or inscriptions, some Of which
were very appropriate. ] have endeav-
ored 10 mix as much as possible with the
inhabitants, SO as 10 enable me 10 deter
mine whether the view had taken was
correct, and am now persuaded that
sentiment of emancipation pervadcs gen.
orally the two classes designated in nv
last.
General San Martin left town during
the night for 1'alca, from whence il is
concluded That the royal army is adyan-
ciug into the interior II SO, we may anti
| cipate some early result. If The royal
isis should prevail in this contest, the war
| Will be protTacied TO an indefinite period
| II unsuccessful, il will be al an end, and
Peru will fall Immediately. In my let
| ter of,tbe 9th, | did not attempt 10 give an
estimate OF the revenues so few were
| competent 10 answer my enquiries that
| could not obtain sufficient data upon
| w!Ich In hazard communication. | am
now enabled TO approach The truth, aud
may venture to atate two millions Of dol
lars as The ordinary annual receipt: the
| principal sources of which are the duties
| upon import, the duties upon export, aud
| tue nth Oh the produce of Tie mines.
In lie manner of assessing this fifth, the
| government, however, does moi actually
receive more than an eighth but as a
considerable profit accrues upon coming,
| the whole fifth may be calculated as tie
yielding TO The Treasury. There are some
minor dispositions upon wine and other
| productions. III tie nature OF excise, but
| OF incOnsIderable return. This amount
may appear great for the population aud
| state OF society, yet II is insufficient for
the exigencies of the moment; and to
supply the deficiency, recourse is had to
contributions under tle name of DoRaiiUos,
destructive of confidence and extremely
| partial. An individual possessing d large
/ estate, or supposed TO have amasseda con-
| siderable sum, is liable 10 be called upon
for any amount within The discretion OF
the Cabida. II is 10 be regr, tied that
they have mol adopted some equal and
permanent ~ stem 0itaXaiiOn on real pro-