Elizabeth-Town gazette. [volume] (Elizabeth-Town, N.J.) 1818-1821, 1818-12-08

entes, Entire Rios, and Banda Oriental.
But Paraguay and the city of Santa Fe act
independent Of Buenos Ayres, though Par
laguay is not on unfriendly terms with
them, and it is hoped by some will before
long join the union. Entire Rios and the
Banda Oriental, under general Artigas, in
the character of the chief of the Orientals,
are in a state of hostility with Buenos
Ayres.
Monte Video, the Capital of the East
ern shore, was occupied by a Portuguese
army, aud squadron of ships OF war
from Brazil, blockaded the ports Of Colo
MIA and Maldons, and prohibited the en-
trance of neutral vessels, unless they paid
them the same duties on their cargoes, that
they were charged on the importation of
the goods when landed 10 the country.
The territory of the United Provinces
is computed to contain one hundred and
fifty thousand square leagues, though it
probably exceeds that quantity. The
lands occupied in the country, remote from
the cities, are generally converted by their
owners into estanias, or large grazing farms
for cattle, and chacras or growing grain.
The small farms or quintas, in the neigh
bourhood of the cities are in fine order
Those around Buenos Ayres, which fur
nisll their market with an ample supply
OF fruit and vegetables, are, by irrigation,
in the highest state Of culture.
The population, exclusive Of the In
dams, is now calculated at one million
three hundred thousand; but, adding the
civilized Indians only, who are of great
importance, it would in all probability
exceed two millions.
The whole population consists of natives
of old Spain, and their descendants born
in the country, or, as they style them
selves, South Americans of Indians civil
lied, or unreclaimed, with different casts,
or mixed blood of Africans and their de-
scendants, or negroes and mulattoes.
could not ascertain, with satisfaction,
the population Of the different provinces:
the province of Buenos Ayres contains
about one hundred aud twenty thousand,
whilst the population of Entire Rios and
Banda Oriental is computed at fifty thou
sand.
Tie city of Buenos Ayres contains a
population of sixty thousand. The in
habitants of this place appear to be anna
Ible, and an interesting people. They are
considered brave and humane possessing
intelligence, capable of great esertions and
/ perseverance, and manifesting cheerful
Idevotion TO the cause of freedom and indie
lpendence.
There is also a certain mediocrity and
equality of fortune prevailing among them,
Extremely favourable to union OF the
popular sentiment in support of the CON-
mon veal. Many industrious mechanics,
and enterprising merchants, are, however
increasing their estates, and adding 10 the
stock Of capital in the country.
The people of the province Of Buenos
Ayres, residing out of the city, are, gen.
orally speaking, poor, and rather indolent ;
though hardy race, and when excited 10
action, they become jealous defenders of
the liberties of their country. They are
capable of great improvement, and, under
the influence of good example, when
change takes place in their habits and man
ner of living, they bid fair to become use
| full and industrious citizens.
The inhabitants of Cordova are said TO
be more superstitious, and more iDdustri-
GUS, but less patriotic. This is principally
attributed to the loss of the trade with
Peru, occasioned by the revolutionary war.
Tucuman, was informed, possessed an
excellent population.
| The people of Mendoza, or Cuyo, are
moral, industrious and patriotic. They
have sacrificed largely at the shrine OF
independence, supporting with zeal and
confidence, the cause Of their country
whilst the citizens of Santa Fe are repre-
sented as immoral and insubordinate, and
manifesting, on most occasions, an extreme
jealousy of their neighbours.
The population of Entire Rios and Ban
da Oriental is perhaps not inferior in val
or to that of Buenos Ayres. Nor is it
deficient in military skill, particularly in
carrying on partizan warfare, for which
Its troops are admirably adapted. Their
other good qualities have been probably
somewhat impaired by the system pursued
in that quarter, where they have been
compelled to give up every thing like
civil avocations, and TO continue without
any regular kind of government, under the
absolute control Of chief, who, whatever
may be his political principles or profes-
sions, in practice concentrates all power
Legislative, judicial and executive, in him
self.
The general Congress of the United
Provinces, assembled at Buenos Ayres, on
1.-The Sd of December, of 1917, established,
by provisional statute, temporary form
of government, which will be found in