Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1818-10-16
SOVYA AMEhiCA.


ARriGAS-m'M geographical obSeYra-
tons on The territory 0ve, Whica IL extends.
A giauce at the great chart of Don .Ju,N DE
Ia Cruz. on which the famous one oi ARRow.
SMITH is founded, will be sufficient to detect
the error committed by some, and so fully eX.
posed by the editor OF the Aurora-and will
convince rs that the river Plate ne, er was tie
| boundary oi The BIazils.
That chart, which is nothing less tLan an
/ official document, isSned Nv orders of the cabi
mel Oh Madrid, and distributed as such TO the
Niceroys asd Governors at The delivery of
their commissions, assigns the lakes PATos and
MINY, by mutual accord, as the line OF derrar
kation between The Spanish and Portuguese
do,Hlnions. Now these lakes are more than
400 miles IN light direction nsrth of Mon
TEVIDEo. and interior from the Oriental shore
OF The river Plate.
This errCr is not confined to tire Boston C,r-
tinei and BeRs Ueekiy MsSsenser--ii is also to
be found IN recent worn Of the ABBE DE
PRADT, Oh the colonies.
lie crroDeOuSi, aSserts-vol. 9 chap l. that
| the Portuguese had repeatedly attempted 10
establish themselves further mp on the river
l. ate; aud attributes To this intention, the
wars on the COlODa del Sacramento, and the
treaties of I711 and I77S-whi have tended
IT seems, TO create a belief tbatihe Portuguese
were once possessed OF that river. But the
true boundaries OF Brazil, TO the south, were
always the RIo GRANDE DE SAN PEDRO one
hundred and Fifty leagues distant from ths
! northern shore OF the river Fiaie
The colony of Sacramento, was very small
spot of land, opposite TO BueuOs Ayrps which
the Portuguese occupied by Surpiize, and Tor
lifted as the British did Gibraliar--to be nsed
as the channel of their clapdestine trade prir-
cipa,ly in slaves, with BueBOs Ayres. For
more Than century, they possessed tEis spot
with various fortunes, sometimes losing and
again Recommending il from their rivals Ii
was, indeed, nothing more than castle,
scarcely two miles III circumference MOI c
than three miles from its walls, the SpanarGo
raised very Sti ong works, oelied the REAL NE
SAN CARLOS, keeping watch OH Ike POrtu-
guese with respectable garrison, aG they do
~ the fields of Sau Rogue i'll sight of Gibraltar.
In consequence whereof the Portuguese never
possessed dn inch of tho adjacent territory,
aud were Obliged 10 continue by water, Their
intercourse with BrazIs. 10 tbeir still greater
annoyance, Spain being mistress of all the
cOnntiy except that castle, resolved IN tie
middle OF tie last century on The establish
ment of the town Of NJ oDtevideO, on the same
northern shore oil the river Plate, yieagueS
east of C9ionia, and suirosDded il with still
stronger Notifications. The Portuguese 1T
leugtl. after the invasion OF the Spanish gene.
raj Zeva!los, reuouDced forever all their pre-
tensions 10 that small spot--Colouia. Hence il
is that Tie error palpably arises, Of sUpbOsing
them at any time masters OF tie river. or OF
either of its shores. Even the Rio Ufande de
San Pedro, never belonged to them but when
they per.idiOnsly assailed it in i776, under the
command of Governor NcrtiZ,a las availnn them.
selves OF tie careiessness Of a state of peace
they had taken posse ssou Of several tracts OF
Spanish territory IN 1861 and i77O Colonia, Il
is true, was restored 10 the Portuguese IN CON
sequence OF The treaty Of Paris in I7t2, after
having beeu takem by general Zcvallos. in his
first expedition; but they lest II again and
forever in the second celebrated expedition u
that general aud ffo1 that period, IN virtue
ofthe treaty ratified by both crowns, IIth OCT.
I777. Colonia, with the islands Vi AunObOn and
Fernando del Pc, remained to Spain The
Rio Graudc ard The island OF Santa Catalina
being assigned as an equivalent 20 Portugal.
AgrtegDly to this treaty. ,brcc scientific par
ties were dispatched by both GatiOus to estab-
fish, a,nicably, the line 81 iTOutiers not with
respect 20 the Oriental territory OF tie liver
Plate. sbunt which no difficulty was found !;
but iii respect to teresi Of that iinc. gilmore
than five hundred leagues to PaiaSndy-a
Santa Cruz. the poin, Of contact between both
nations. 1bis l. manifest. from that ncmOra-
bic Gemaikdliou, beginning 10 tive Ouental
Banda, from tie ii'ultt ClUy, . hundred miles
~ Tire interior OF thai teTiuOTy.
Gepetai Afiigas commands the Oriental pro-
cii ces by fhc general voice OF ~ inhabitants,
stree the year 1873. Several assembled Con
presses Of that people have confirmed him IN
| tie command. In the beginning OF 1914, gene
| ial AIiigas agreed on sending representatives
| TO tie gc,rcsai CONGRESS Oi tic provinces Of The
vest the, sitting at i,ueu0s AStcs; Dut per
sisling in his iustrus loss, that the uncushoGld
| be formed ~ tie pfiuciPic 81 coniedcrs iin''