davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1818-01-27

gss OF that happy countryside state ,f >,c,etv-.
the elegance and polish of their manners-and the
advantages of education and religions ;nstruc-
tion - o1s 'Ass'1S
" !" on these iopicks regret SO little can be
said in favor of this country. The people
here as far as my knowledge extends are all
Dutch or OF German descent. generally emf
grants from Pennsylvania and MARYLAND
some from Germany and Switzerland. They
are IN state Of gross ignorance and stupid
ity--many OF them can neither read nor write.
Their language profane and illteraie. and
their manners boorish. Nor Is there any
prospect of a change for the better. Public
schools are not even known, and the teachers
IN the lew private schools are destitute OF ey-
cry proper qualification, and have as substi-
tutes ignorance and impudence. Nor can
better ever be expected until more encourage
ment IS given TO them. Our religious instruc-
tors with few exceptions are tnctured with
the epldemics of the country. Every town
is thronged with Physicians and believe
they increase in a double ratio to the other
inhabitants The situation occupy here
would IN New England be considered very
. PoPu'otipu CAScCuibS -oots thS Hcdi-
est Physician 8 miIes-but il is good for moth
Ing. Their prejudices are SO very strong
against the :" Yankees" as every man is
called here who speaks the English language
the Dutch being generally spoken) that they
will go 90 miles to employ Dutch Quack
rather than apply TO them The Dutch con-
slider the g Yankees" as a set of beings supe-
rior 10 themselves, and are afraid to have any
thing to do with them lest they should by
some means be tricked out of their money,
of which they are very tenacious. Every
cunning arch trick is called 6 Yankee trick"
and every curious invention g Yankee con-
trivance." Great numbers OF ssY ankee tricks"
are related by yihem, all Of which they firmly
believe and SO strong are their prepossessions
against the :" Yankees" that some Of the
Dutch keepers have sworn in their
wrath never TO entertain one.-The country
near here is healthy and lertile--but the man.
ners, customs, ignorance and stupidity Of the
people detest. Thus am ! situated, and
would be glad ofany change that appeared to
be for the better"
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1818-01-27
John Russmuym's T,H.

NOTICE 10 hereby given TO the heirs and cred; /.
tors of the efate of JOHN RUsSWURM.
late OF Weifbrook, in the county Of Cumberland
Esquire, deceased, and all Others concerned-
THAT DAsIEI Fox, Executor Of the Ian VIII
and Tetan-ent of faid deceased, has exhibited 70
me the subscriber, Judge Of the Court of Probate,
within and for said county. his FRI account Of ad
mobilization Of the eiae of faid deceased and alsc
his private account againff sad deceased and that
the same will he sonsidered at Probate Court !.
to &c held ar the Probate Office in Portland, in
iaid county on the Fourth Wednesday of March,
next at tea O'Clock in the forenoon, when and
where they may be prefent and illew csufe. If any
they have, why the fame fhouid not be allowed,
and the faid Fzesusor 10 hereby dirstfed to cause
thss notice to be publifhed 10 the Columbian Gen.
tine and Portland Gazette, three weeks fuccef.
hvely the publication be four weeks previous
to laid fourth Wednefday of March next is
Given under my hand At Portland this fsven.
'esn'h day Of January 10 the year of our Lord
eighteen hundred and eighteen
SAM FREEMAN
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1818-01-27
IT Is SAID
How we came possessed of what follows j
nEx - q - L..

sHow we came possessed OF what follows is
OF no'mqoltance 10 be known.
1t is said That the house of representa-
tives OF the United States is about to send a
challenge Is John Anderson, to demand sat
isfaction for ain insult offered to one OF il:
membes. A
issaid, That il is yet unknown who
pocs1ed the FIVE hundred dollar insult which
Was offered to Mr.. Williams sr~e
II as said, That every man may be bought
if you wil give him bis price. As the truth
of this maxim has never been denied
Ii 1, said, That John Anderson has not
been accustomed TO dealing in that commod-
ity, and does not know the market price.
or he would have put more money" in the
letter.
ID is said, That Mr. Wiliams's refusal OF
a paltry five hundred dollars will cost the
United States five hundred times as much
What pity !-GaIary.
The Mercury in Fahrenheits thermometer
10 Bangor stood at 23 degrees below 0 on
Monday morning the 10th iast,-ln Salem it
stood at a above @.
Black cloth in England had advanced So
per cent. in consequence of the death of the
Princess CHARLOTTE.
The deaths in Baltimore in 1917, were
1923.
Extract from a letter to the Editors, dated Wash.
ington, December II.
The administration, believe, is disposed
to take good ground. In relation TO Spain.
all appears to be going on we'll The subject
of the fisheries is in negotiation and receives
due attention from the President"
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1818-01-27
The louely Tompkias.o .

1t IS said the Vice President of the United
States has no, as yet rendered any services TO
the nation in his official capacity-apd thai he
does not leave Newyok for the seat Of gov.
ernment until tbe first of February--so f thai
ne can have an opportunity Of serving the ma
tion but one month this year as a coos;dera
ton for his $4,000 salary.-We do moi men.
ton this subject because we annrehend ,ba
country will suffer by the arrangement bu, m
merely as being an easy way of getting
money.
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1818-01-27
DIX & WILLIAM MS,

No s5 2. LONG WHARF I
OFFER for ale on as good terms a. can be had
- in Bottom or Portland
25O kegs Manufactured Tobacco,
conGfiing of fine Ladies Twift. Half Pound Roll.
No Hands 10 the Pound. No 2, & Common
of the following approved Brands
John Enders
p. Holtz
ID. X Refs
9 Fletcher
Also
500 qaint old Pollock Fiji
$50 do Hske Do
SO do Cod Do
500 boxes mould Candies
200 do dipd Do
500 do No2 Soap
ICO do No Do
pipes American Brandy
2 hhds Rum
90 do rurks Island Salt ian 27th
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1818-01-27
@PortCapS'
Tuesday, January 81, 1918.

1t will be seen that much Of our paper Of
to-day Is devoted 10 the proceedings of our
national and state Legislatures. The princi-
pal business which has engaged the attention
Of the former during the last eight or ten days
is the affair Of Col. Anderson. Some conceive
il TO be total subversion of every repubii-
can maxim, 10 suppose that any body OF men
in this country can be prosecutor, jury, and
Judge, 10 case where they are party inter
esled-but the house, it seems, thought and
acted differently.
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1818-01-27
Post Riders Notice.

THE suhscribers TO the Esiieru Argus and
Portland Gazette who receive their papers
by Samuel Brown or Ivory Perkins Poil riders are
hereby notified thar their bills for Foliage will be
preisned in all next month. They will i, Is hoped
be prepared for payment without delay.
Delirquents ia the towns Of pzris, WoodAock,
Rumford, Ran Andover, Bethel. Newry. Shelburn
GiIead and Albany, wilt have their bills rednted
It the fame time for the years 1915 and 1916.
Ian, 81, 1918.
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1818-01-27
CINCINNATI

THE Standing Committee of the Society Of Gin
cinnati If the Commonwealth of Ma1achufetts
in conformity to vote of the Society hereby Civ
public notice to the Widows and Orphans Of thu
deceafed Members and 70 fuch of their brethrel
a. are reduced to necefIous circunGsnces tha
applications for relief may be made on or befor
the /seond Saturday IF February 1878, at ~ O'Clock
to the Standing Committee or any individual there
off, And the Standing Committee are hereby moi
fed that the Committee will meet al C.acerf Hal
At IL O'Clock a N on f.id fecond Saturday o
February, 1919 The names Of the StandiBg Com
mittee are "a follows:
His En- John Brooks MFR. Samuel Perkins
William Tudor. FIG Mr. Fowe
DR.. David Townfend Capt Francis Green
Capt. r Williams Capt Bradford
John Calender Ffq. Capt. Morton
Capt. Adam, Bailey Capt. Raion
General Wirl,w Capt. Thomas Howe
Colonel Popkins Or. John Hari
Capt. Dana Or. shute.
Per order
JNO, CALLENDER, <6l9anf Sesy
Bottom, Jan. 72, 1878
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1818-01-27
Back-Coue BRIDGE.

The Propr:etors of Back Cove Bridge are here
oy notified that their femi annual meeting will
be holden At the houfe of Uriah Coolidge, innhoI-
DER 10 Portland, on Monday he fecond day of
February next, Al three O'Clock ia The afternoon,
for the following purpofes-viz.
To choofe Moderator.
10 receive accounts and allow the fame il they
ihould be found correa
10 pais any vote refpe6ing the toll that may
be deemed exPedient
B, oraer Of tbe Sfssd;rg C Cs=;tfes.
STEPHEN WAITE. Prep. Clt,f.
January 26. 1918
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1818-01-27
DE.AF IND DTMR

The report of the Secretary ofthe Com
monwealth, to the Legislature, states the mum
Der of Deaf and Dumb persons, in Massachu-
setts to be Pea OF fthese l39 are males. and
lis females
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1818-01-27

fore il is thraslcd. Tho cleansing OF Wheat
before sowing and curing It Of the disease cal
led Smut. with lime or common lye, has be-
come so important, that fatier myself some
more able and more experienced Agricultu-
ralis,, will, without delay, give the Public all
necessary information on the subject
A FARMER.
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1818-01-27

JOHN ADAMS,
NJ. :. Lorg W1sE Has FOR SALE.
g cafks new Rice,
IS brls. fine Flour,
80 do. MiddIings do.
10 kegs No. Tobacco,
S pipes old Sicily Wine,
do. Brandy,
9 sas'. sf1s' pAil.dslpAi. Gin,
II bags Coffee,
"a boxes Tin Plate,
Rufiia and American Cordage.
January 27
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1818-01-27
TERMS OF PIJRIJsHING

TERMS OF PUBLISHING.
1t shall be printed on good white pepper,
with fair type, and be equal 10 ARMsTRoNc's
fest edition.
q Il will be comprised in six large volumes.
containing the Old and New Testaments, Wi h
the Introductory Observations to the Books. &c.
and the inestimsble NOTES and PRACTICAL
OBSERVATIONS. The marginal references,
which by the generality of readers sre never
used, will he omitted. and thereby room vii! be
made to put the Notes & Practical Observations
in LARGER TYPE, for the accommodation
OF all resders. but UJ.par'icularly the eyed ;
thus uniting small volumes with good fair type.
and making these editions. for common use, the
best and cheapest editions ersy published. Those
who wish for the References can be supplied
with Sro,t's Reference Bi5!s, which is much more
convenient, for $500.
3. Persons who procure subscribers for this
work will be allowed
Every Sirsh Cory Gratis;
~ 2 copies for 10; 8 for Is, for 90 for
25 6 for 80 /; and Grin same proportion for
sny number, however lsrge, Tsnd If only tzuo
copies are taken. reasonable compensation will
be made, in order that no one may loose the
benefit of any exertions
d.. The volumes viii be ready once in three
months. well done upin boards. with strong car.
tfiAHE puptT OtIhSs ~ fAtSd QOn6ES VUtuWC
or three dollars and fifty cents, bound in sheep
end lettered, payable on delivery. IL Thus,
far The rifing sum Of 25 censs s9eek, (Which
may be easily saved in many ways,) can be hsd
this popular and excellent work. 1t will be an
ished in about Is months. The Names Of Sub
scribers who patronize this edition viii be prin
ted At The close of the work
BI7I is hoped grea, number OF persons will
be found who will circulate these proposals, one
at least in every town, and j, is confidently be
eved that there is not town but what contains
At leas' i've peraons willing TO have the work
and the terms 81 > dollar a month. for one year
md half only. are so very easy to be complied
with, TINT little objection can be made on The
core Of expense. I57Two volumes of the Sec
nd Editor. containing all the New Tes,ameRs,
ire now ready for delivery.
Extracts Of letters TO the Publisher, from
Ministers Of different religious den0,s,inassons
From the Req Dr.. Gvifn--s esteem DR..
cotps Family Bible. eminentlY calculated to |
remote the cause oftruth and pie,y. 1t seems |
carcely possible for one TO read daily the notes
nd Observations in the Family Bible. without
ecoming wiser and better man.
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1818-01-27
MARRIED..

-11HgtIED,
Al Palermo, Doct, Eli Aver to Miss Sarah East
man, both of that town.
In Nsrridgewock Mr. Richard Gilman to Mrs.
Experience Harding.
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1818-01-27

WILLIAM SWAN,
Has for Sale, No. IA, Long WbaJf,
so Kegs manufactured Tobacco,
various qualities,
20 cheas Soachong & young EIyfon
TEAS.
100 Barrels No. BEEF.
50 Quintals POLLOCK, &c. &c.
January III.
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1818-01-27
Good NfWs for Tidous

Pensioners in The District Of Maine are in.
formed that funds IN part baye been placed
in the hands OF the Agent, to paw IN 70 ,,e
4th OF September last, and that the balance
is daily expected.
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1818-01-27

10 the cloHl of witnesses which have testified
respecting the Western country. whittier onr ci,;.
]ens have emgrased 80 extensively, we have thi.
week to add thatof young physician who cmigra.
sea rom tlis vicinity. In letter dated Fairfield
@oa'y, lOhio) Dec f6, 1917. TO bis friend in this
s1"a', Is after taking comparative view of the two
places, and giving this Tart of the country deci-
aed preference he thus expasiates on the sayanta.
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1818-01-27
WARRANTED ANCHORS.
OF all fzes kept conftantly for fale, or furn;fi,
- ed on the fhortefl notice. by
JOHN ADAMS,
Ian ~ If No Log Wbs.f.
NOTICE.

MUssEY < WHITMAN having difpofed of
A'A their Circulating Library, requel thcfe who
have Books belonging to H. TO return them imme
dia'eiy. Jan 27
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1818-01-27

taf@ Ons, Zb Ola ! z
During the year 1917, there were 68 foreign e.i-
tries, and f25 foreign clearances.
Ii was our intention this week to have given an
account OF the tonnage together with the number oi
entries and clearances at the port of Portland tue
year past-which, we are assured considerably ex-
ceeds that Of Boston in proportion TO the popula-
tion but the Collector did not consider it consis
tan with his duty TO furnish data for that purpose
tie very justly observes that If the information is
useful IN national point OF view. our own gov
ernment is entitled to the exclusive benefit oft
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1818-01-27
G.zrrrr @ Nv.
PORT OF PORTL ANO.


Entrances and Ctenraaces al hs Custom House
ARRIVALS.
Jan. ~, arrived, sloop Embargo, White. from
Lubeck, for Portsmouth, with fish aud grindstones
10Th sioop Ranger, Blanchard, from St.And,ews.
with plaster and fish -oist sloop President York
from do with PIaiser--schr. Barziiai, Pote, from
Eastport, with plaster and grindstones.
CLEARAyCES.
Foreign - Jan. 10. cleared ship Amazon. A. III
Gross for Honduras---2fst, brig Lion, Freeman,
for the West t-Indies--2Sd, brig Visitor, Thomas,
for the West Indies.
CoastWise.-Nane.
A letter from Havana dated the 5th inst says
5o or % Northern vessels were waiting for molas.
ses- IL or IL OF which belong to this port.
Tonnage Of the DISTRICT Of Bath
Registered vessels f7,03f 86
Enrolled do. 8,798 ST
Licensed under GO tons, 733 S6
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1818-01-27
w. b. MORTON

+" Thou shall read" Deut. 81 II. " Giue atten.
dance 10 readtng.v 1 Tim a.: is "Whoso read
eth let him understand" Mark IS IA.
Philip. UndeTstandest thou achat thou readest2
Eunuch. How can i, ercept some man sho,tLi guide
me !? Acts 8: 80, 81.
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1818-01-27
POWERS OF ATTORNEY

FOR the transfer Of Cspital stosk in thsU.E
Bank, for sale q, This oscr.
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1818-01-27
CLEAvELAND's MINERALoGy.

The following respectful notice Of Professor Cleave
lands Mnesalogy, as taken from The North
-1n,erican Rereu
We are happy to learn that this excellent work.
which is an honour to our country, and acqui
sition to the sc:entifc world has been announced
for republication in England. We have also seen
letter from gentlemhn Ia. Germany, stating the
pleasure ii gave him to- this book carried every
morning into the celebrated Hausnaa's lecture
room, at Gottingen, and used as book Of reFeren-
ces and authority
AHichue MoTtality-It is stated in the
Delaware Gazette, that the ship .apr,l, Capt.
-, which lately arrived at New Castle,
shipped al Amsterdam EIeuea Hundred Dutch
Passengers and that, on her arrival in the
Delaware, she had lost fve hundred by disease.
Among the survivors are many poor Or
phans, who have lost both parents on the voy-
age, and who are left in the most destitute and
miserable situation. One family Of orphans
is particularly mentioned, consisting Of FIVE
children, the youngest of whom is not three
years old-N. Y. Com Advertiser. ~
DUDLEY ToDD, Esq. Of this town, has been
appointed Attorney for the county of Cumber-
land, in room of the Hon. Z. Whitman, de.
clined. -o4e--
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1818-01-27
l Old Notes

or BiHS for lie Gazette,
M AZ be had at this s,fice in exchange Il,
1vI Corn, Grain. Flour, Butter, Pork, Ia
Wood or CASH, il offered within three weeks.
Alexandria gazette & daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1817-1822, 1818-08-22
DECLINE OLE SPAIN.

II is singular and impressive fact in the
history ofnations, that Spain, the most war
like, ambitious, and formidable power in
Europe in the reign Of Charles V. ana Phi
lip II should now be sunk 10 the lowest
depths ofdegredation. In the time of the
latter Of these monarchs, France trembled
more than once for the safety of Paris, by
reason of Spanish invasion, and England
contended against the " lnvincible Arma-
da for her very existence. Now Spain is
fallen so low that there is none 10 do her re-
ference. t.Ne.g-Kork Daily .4dver.
Alexandria gazette & daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1817-1822, 1818-08-22
sELECTED.

The .ADIEU, by .l6on .iiahomnea.
The boatmen shout, " It's time TO part,
No longer we can stay ;
Twas then Maimuna taught my heart
How much glance could say.
With trembling steps to me she came;
Farewell" she wouhi have cried,
But e'er her lips the word could frame,
In half form'd sounds it died.
Then bending down with looks OF love,
Her arms she round me flung,
And, as the gale hangs on the grove,
Upon my breast she hung,
NY willing arms embraced the maid,
Ny heart with raptures beat:
While she but wept the more, and SAID,
"Would we had never met"
Alexandria gazette & daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1817-1822, 1818-08-22
mo. c.


Every Office under government in Turkey
is sold To the highest bidder, and the per
son who obtains them, extorts from the pee.
pie. in a ratio fully equal to the amour.
they pay.
About six weeks previous TO our arrival,
The Turkish feet from Constantinople en-.
tered the port of Smyrna, commanded BY
the Captain Pacha, who observed to lie
Governor, on being visited, that under.
standing he was good sportsman, he la!
brought him an elegant fowling piece, and
requested he would call again on the .C.'
lowing morning and accompany him on
shore.
Blinded by the present Of gun. and not
dreaming of treachery, he obeyed tie or
der, but instead of being received VITA
kindness. he was conveyeh on board tn.
gate, which Immediately got under way,
and on anchorilg below the castle, his head
was struck off, and sent hy an express %
adorn the gate of the Seraglio at Constant.
nople.
Thus ended the life of this man, afle'
having held The government of Smyrna ".
wards Of twenty years against the will Of
the Grand SeigBior, who had tried many
methods TO displace him. Governors were
appointed without effect, as they dared mol
face his JaRi~aries and when create!
man than himself arrived at Smyrna, he
had been in the habit of retiring 10 one Of
his country seats, and leaving his town resi-.
dence TO him, superior in powerful IN
this instance he was deceiyed-for having
shewn the Captain Pacha much kindness
on one occasion he thought he might de.
pend on his friendship.
tie was charged OF being excessively cru.
el to the subjects Of the Empire-this IS
true-ior whenever he took fancy 10 the
wife, sister, or daughter of a poor Greek,
or Armenian, he would order her without
any ceremony 10 his Harem and if the rel.
alives complained, they were almost sure
OF receiving the bastinado.
Another charge against him, which went
iarthest TO promote his destruction. was,
that he was a Christian! Certain il is, he
Was very kind to the Franks, and very fond
OF their 4ociety; but The only visible maTs
OF his conversion, was, his getting drunk
on wine whenever he con!d persuade any
OF The Europeans 10 join him, al which time
he would be very familiar, allowing them
TO pull the pipe out OF his mouth, and re.
place il az pleasure.
Agreeable 10 the custom Of all those mold
ing lucrative Offices under government, be
Yves at treat 'expence TO support spies at
the Porte, and was regularly informed Of
every circumstance that transpred By Their
Ueaus-so kiuIianf wore ihey that a.
though the Gran1 Seignior had dispatched
many frmGns TO have him beheaded, he al.
ways was fortunate enough to escape be-
fore they had an opportunity OF putting any
Of them in execution.
His death-which may be considered a
natural one TO great men in Turkey, caus-
ed no disturbance in the city. The Franks
regretted his decease-the residue OF the
inhabitants rejoiced at it. His successor,
however, brings 10 my mind the frogs re-
y,ersed-,1hey had serpent, and they r':3
have log.
Alexandria gazette & daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1817-1822, 1818-08-22

The neat proceeds of Mr.. Pepin's eques-
trisn and athletic exercises. al his Circus IN
Broadway, on the l4th August, amounting
to 28l dollars and so cents, have been re-
ceived by the Directors of the institution
for the instruction OF the Deaf and Dumb.
(Signed by the committee.) li6'd'
Alexandria gazette & daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1817-1822, 1818-08-22

seamen all his life. The officers then
danced a country dance. after which the
chiefs, unsske1, and with sort OF lntu'-
tive pnliteness. whic', rendered every thing
they did appropriate, instantly stepped for
ward. and danced several times ruuni the
ou.rier-deck, to the infinite qualification OF
the sailors"
Alexandria gazette & daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1817-1822, 1818-08-22
DARING ROBBERY,

A few nights since, the Jewellery Store
of Mr. Jacob Sergeant, was broken open
and goods taken TO the amount Of $500
dollars. The following is list of some OF
the articles taken - gold watches; 90
silver do large quantity Of gold watch.
chains, seals and keys; quantity of gold
pearl set finger and ear rings 4 sci Of sill
yer table spoons, and 50 set of silver tea
spoons, stamped J. Sergeant /; large sill
Yer soup ladle Is pair silver sugar longs !;
2 pair pocket pistols, &c. &c. The store
was entered by boring the window shutter
and frame with large auger, until hole
was made large enough to draw out the bolt,
and then breaking hole through the win
dow. 1t is evidently the work Of expert
enced scoundrels, as the store is situated in
the most conspicuous part of the city. A
reward of 500 dollars is offered for the de-
lection of thieves. Hartford paper.
David Meade Randolph, esq. Of Virginia,
announces that he has discovered cement
that answers for the character of the puZza-
iona, and becomes hard alter short time
in water. This is a valuable discovery if
the inventor has confidence in its princi-
pies. The Roman cement, which has be-
come SO hardened with time as TO be as du-
rable as stone, has long been lost; various
attempts have been made to revive it,
The dutch terrss Appropriated near it, but
still failed in outstanding the constant i'm
Alexandria gazette & daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1817-1822, 1818-08-22
EXTRAORDINARY PASSAGE.

Under this head, the Boston Intelligent
Ger remarks, that the ship Milo, Captain
Bronson, sailed from Boston 18th May last,
arrived at Charleston the goth, discharged,
loaded and sailed from thence with full
freight Of 1900 bags OF cotton (ander decks
9TH June-and arrived at Liverpool on the
e8lh June-47days in all. Ibid