Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1817-09-12

Sarfa re de BoEcta is situated, Ike Mexico, !
IN tre midst of aux Atensive plain OF very Gle.
waited table land, alike fertile and saluhrinus- |
a. ad'stance OF nearly 100 mites from Cartha- |
Sena, and about 800 from the Coast Of the Pa !
Ciiic. This City. containing nearly ~, 900 souls |
IS the capital OF the great Province OF New
Sfenada; which extends iron, tie Cult of
Mexico TO the Pacific Ocean aud from the lSih-
mus OF Daricn Ia The confines ofi'crn- and
tiiat vast Forest traveiScd by the great river
OrOnoco.
tween the summit of the Cordllieras q The great
Ocean, from Cuita TO the vast ridge of n.uun-
tanks covered nith eternal Snows, wi'-h s,pa-
rate 4, from the Gillian territory This. neAt
10 Ihili, Is, perhaps, the most cOmpari and
popuiou' ofthe Spanish settlements in Anle,l-
ca.
The Portuguese settlements Of Brazl. spread
aiong coast abounpiEg with the fast har-
DouIS, and over TERRITORY extremely fruitful
o! all the neceSSaries OF lie. seem 10 he form
ct ny nature Tor liberty and independence.
The City ottsuenos Ayres, situated 25D miles
from the Atlantic, on the shores of the ctcat
River La Plata, and containing q population ot
all descriptions of about 80 900 inhabitants, is
the capital of that Spanish Province, which
lies surrounded by Brazil. Chill aud the Atian-
tic The climate of this country is deiightinl,
the SOIL Is fer,iie, and lis situation IN man, re.
spects very advantageous but its population
Is very scatteret and poor
Chill is perhaps enc of the most happily situ-
ated auddehglitiul regions on the whole surface
Oh nc Siobe--its soil is uDcommonly fertile, its
native vegetation prodigouSiy luxprant and
all the fruits TIE cereal graInina. aud domestic
animals of the Old World, are there produced
IN the greatest perfection. Chill is separated
from Peru by an elevated chain of mountains,
winch, Tor great portion OF the wear, are rem
dcrcd altogether impossible bv the SHOWS and
the ridge of the COrdillcras forms similar
barrier between it and the Province OF I;ue-
nos Ayres-0n all other sides IT is bounded nv
the Pacific Ocean. The Cityof ST. Iaso. which
bgu al
souls.
The great mass of the populations of Mexico.
New Grenada, Brazil aud Peru, consists at ci-
vIlized Indians or AbOrigines, and im,.Ortel
Negroes and their progeny: But the ponuia-
lation of Chill. like that of the United states.
is formed almost altogether of Europeans ard
their descendants. The people the Arauca-
man Republic, many of whose Chiefs merit a
place in history, by the side OF the Decii and
Coolies of the Roman Commonwealth ALWAYS
refused to unite with the Spanish selferS-aid
animated by the most ardent love OF liberty,
aud an invincible spirit, they waued long and
bloody wars against their European Invaders.
IN defence of their country aud their dearest
rlghts-Unlike all the ether natives OF the
New World, they met their enemy in the open
fieid-arn.y opposed to army--and fought with
more than Roman desperation and fortitude
Compelled to give ground, the Araucauians
still preserve the Republic aud much of their
pristine spirit but great part of their former
territory is at present occupied by the CHILEAN
Spaniards and
........" Who, with heart and eyes
. Could walk where liberty had been, nor see
" The shining footprints Of her Deity
" Nor feel those god like bTeathiugs III the air
" Which mnely iuld her spirit had been there -
Chill, owing TO its great distance and diff
Guilty OF access along TIE usual route of The
Spaniards through Peru, contains in propor-
ton TO its population, fewer Africans and ,heir
progeny and much greater number of Faro
peans and their descendants than any other of
the Spanish settlements, and owing TO the Ar-
raucaDian wars, its population is more cou-
densed and better seated than any other nor
ton OF South America.
In this glance over the lOaal situation and
geographical relations of the South American
Provinces, if will be unnecessary to notice any
OF the Islands or the minor settlements of the
Continent; because they are comparatively ex-
tremely feeble in their population and resour-
ces, and must inevitably, follow the fortunes of
the larger divisions of the Continent.
These are the principal divisions of the civil
ized population of South America In each
one OF them there exists strong and deem
rooted aversion 10 the government of Ferdi-
ranI and all have, of late made efforts 60 OH
lala their complete emancipation and the cir
cumstances of each are so very favorable to
the cultivation and the love OF liberty, that TN.
principles of free government must daily~.safY,
ground, ii they be not smothered by the sine
nor power and priest craft OF the mother coan-
try or 10y the arts, intrigues and corruptions
OF the British Government whose agents are
already actively employed throughout the
Southern portion of the American Continent
Inc inevitable consequence of which will be
n not vigorously md sedsOHabiy eouHteracted thar
the whole of that immense country, viii he A.
gam locked up under the monastic despotism
OF Old Spain; or, like Hindostau, fall prey.
by piecemeal to British monopoly and com
mercial depreciation.
AT once TO recognise the independence, and
TO succOur all those great Provinces of the
South would be tc divide, fritter away. and
waste our aid to no valuable purpose-aDd the
very nature and form of our Government for
DIGS II from having recourse 10 the British
system OF agency and corrupt intTigue-under
such circumstances the only fair and bonora-
Die alternative left, seems TO be to select one
rom me number or those great provinces to
fecogniZe Its independence, and TO cns bic il TO
organize aud permanently settle down under =
republican form OF government-ofitsow own for
matiOu
IN casting an eye over all, and considering
on which this choice could be most proDerlY
rested, the attention seems TO be at once d.
rected towards Chill as the Country where All
our hopes would be soonestEreaiized, and ali
our expectations and interests most perma-
nently and extensively answered But irhgt
trond be the benefits and consequences res,iifiu-
from oSr recognising The Independence of the Re
Pn6i;e Of Chill? One of the Immediate c0nse-
quenceS would be to shatter to atoms the Bri-
tish antiques of Bueuos Ayres by means of
which the fine country OF Chill is at present
held, Tor commercial purposes as a province of
that City and it would enable ali the real
most sincere aud efficient Of the Patriots whom
the priestcraft of Ferdinand, and the cor,mnt
antiques OF Britain, have crushed or banished.
TO return, or TO find an asylum i'm a spanish
American Republic and from thence TO aid i'm
the Liberation of the whole New World. To
open 10 tn or eoSmeics, and prepare IL as orr AIN
against the Legitimates If the ofheT Continent
III we survey with care the local and other CIR
cqmStanceS OF the various Provinces of Soutb
america, 1t will be seen that there is no one
OF them which could so easily, aud with sncI,
perfect security be formed into AN indepen
deht Republic rs Chill. Let us then enquire.