Winchester gazette. [volume] (Winchester, Va.) 18??-1826, 1813-01-23

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|certi;ieates were actually made u sub
Ject oil barter, as much as any othei
l:nerchandiss. Last session case was
; laid before tho house ola foreigner.
who at Philadelphia had procured one
by perjury; u thing known frequently
10 happen; bat ;he.c being no law Ia
punish for perjury, either Ia Pennsyl-
vania or Coiu:nbia, nu.hins could be
itlone i'll it. What was more rxtraordi-
mary, these certificates were sent a
broad in vessels, and had eyea been
bought in England. 0ne very sinSu-
lar circumstance WAS stated by MIR
pitkin, sa such authority as he could
voueh for. 4 captain ui an American
ship at Bristol, in England, finding i,
Impossible to man his vessels, 10 Aine-
rican sailors being ut ths tine in
part, was recommended to Il kind of IL
hreker III such article, who undertook
! 20 Diatch arJ nuii5cr Of men necessary
Il. lin, with Amierieaa certificates Of
ieitizcns!:ip--Be actually showed a,
drawer FLIED with them; ANA said that
aa woaid 90 among the sailors To iindi
rten; and did so match the laeu with
desefin ions. and the descriptions in his
certificates with men, that he put a
lcrew on buar1, ofiinSish seamen, who
went, tempted by the large sums offered;
them. But it did not end here for the
sailors on % neaecoant absoniing tie al
selves the fellow went 10 the press
gang, got then. taken up, and obtuiuea
their return To the ship US American
seamen. Ought not tins subject then
to be examined ;nto:: Ought we ne. con
tfcss the futiiity OF it as u cause of Ma
tionai war, wien the evidence CT the
certificates Of protection would not be
Ihe!d sufficient, even i'll court Of law !:
4 While tie law protested to protect A
nerican seamen ii injured them, the
practice being the reverse Of the laws
ItEcItion. 'i'hc Eoa.c could not sh. {
, Us eyes TO this; uuiess it intended to
make the country IL harbour for for.i sn
sailors, ii ought to alter the law. ANA
iHaks them Us e.fcatuai to the prolsc-
tion otcur own real seamen as possible.
Air. L. confessed that the subject was
diiheuit-.it had occupied the attention
Of the first sfprcsidents-No remed,
; conld provided; but henever thought
or war Ter it, though negotiation failed;
nor Is there any-.out u law that our
own vessels shall be nayiSated by on,
;iowii Seamea, whetherinpeac drwar.-
= Sy our law the captain only is to be
: American. all the rest may he foreign
lers. The evil we now feel is the cor.
t Sequence OF our erroneous system
i War, he said, would never cure it.
the legislature must care it themsel Ives
= Ia all other countries majority, =,
! ieaS!, OF native seamrn was requisite
to constitute Il national vessel. ielis
Ait. who made the Test standard OF
that regulation, ordained that two
/. thirds should be French; aftsr, in 17f6.
they wcnt further; aul made law
that eccry sailor should be French, but
being found Injurious t. merchants, Tx
former regulation was restored. IL
d England, the captain, all the officers
{ and three foartiis OF the sailors mus
V be British subjects and yet we thiAi
the captain only enough. This is VIVA
: brings sach Il multitude Of foreigner.
: into or service 10 cur native sailors
! injury, and tls disturbance OF the peae.
e OF the country.
; 1t Was important to inquire VIII,
f were to he under the fla; we were tc
l., light Tor? IF that we are bound to pro
i teet, he would agree to expcnI the las
Z shilling for it-but otherwise no: d ccn
as TO the foreigners rot maturalizcd
what did the couatry owe to them p
, Nsthing. 1t had been the established
a lprincipie Of ages III Europe, that ever,
r country had, in war, Il right to call al
e Its subjects to It's aid. Whether The
: principle was right or wrong b1r. Pit.
i kin would rot inqaire-but it was es-
Y tablished, and sanctioned by ali the
Ii abicst jurists. When the nations o.
o Europe are ut war with each other a
t merica must come lii contact with thi.
whether right or wrong in
n me abstract and ought not to light a
IT SalnSt it--nor was she bound to pro
!. tect any foreign bora person out of he
|. territorial jurisdiction. For want @
o 'duo confederation some gentlemer
J. might revolt at this old law, rs not sa
IA vourim3 sufficiently OF the new code
T. but to silence objections Dir. 2. states
IS that the new president of the U. )
% had recognized it very lately rs thu
established principle OF his country
u BY court martial one Elijah Clarke
e was brought up, and as a spy condem
e ed TO suffer death. The commander sus
d pended the execution OF tho sca;cac