Virginia Argus. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1796-1816, 1811-05-27
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who shall fee from justice, and he
found in another state, shall, on de-
mand of the Executive authority OF
the state from which he fed, be de-
livered up, to be removed to the state
having jurisdiction of the crime.
No person held to service or La
Dor in one state, under the laws there
OF, escaping into another, shall in con-
sequence of any law or regulation
therein, be Discharged from such SER
vice or labor, but shall be delivered up
on claim OF the party to whom such
service or labor may be due.
The gentleman observed, that this
article contained no grant of power
whatever 1t was merely eleclaratory
OF certain principles, which ought to
be It to the states to carry into effect
yet Congress had passed laws In
relation TO several of these subjects,
&c. and of course transcribed the Ii
nits Of the constitution or rather
had leeislated upon subjects not emu
merated, &c. To these observations
! would reply that do consider these
clauses rs investing the government
generally with the exercise of all these
powers, although the particular de-
artment intended for their exercise
is not here designated but by rea-
ding these clauses in connection with
the clause before read, it will be found
that Congress is intrusted with the
&c ,La.a
Congress shall have power to pass
III laws, which shall be necessary and
proper for carrying into effect the
foregoing powers, and all other pow
ers vested by this constitution in the
government of the United States, &c.
Il IS then clear, thae other powers
were vested, and intended to be YES
ted in Congress, besides the foregoing
enumerated powers; all the powers In
the 4th article, ] presume 70 be strict
w OF this description. That this is
the understanding of the article is e.
vinced bv the concurrent opinions OF
the general and state governments ir
those respects.
The difference of opinion therefore
between the gentleman ard uvselfcon-
sists in this. That the PRINCIPLES here
declared, he thinks, ought to be exc.
cu.ed By the state authorities and
think they were intended TO be exc
cuted Nv Congress and if nv inter
probation be correct, then Congress
has not transcribed the limits of its
authority.
This solution is at Least satisfactory
10 mvself. u mother argnment urged
bv The honorable gentle man Mr. Craw-
ford1 requires some attention. The
gentleman considered the general and
state governments, taken collectively,
rs forming one complete sovereignty
ne ,hen referred to cl use in the con-
stitution which he conceived excluded
the state governments fom the right
to Grant bank charters and ttence in
ferred the rightip the general govern
Tnent, &c. Although I have full con-
fdence in the opinions generally ex-
pressed by that gentleman cannot
concur with him in this mode of de-
irving power to the general govern
ment. 1t is directly repugnant to the
principles Of construction / have Just
suggested and therefore cannot Weld
nv assent to il.
The 10Th section Of the FIRST article
saws, " no state shall euter into any
treaty of alliance or confederation
prant letters Of marGue and reprisai
coin roney--emit bills of credit,
&C." The particular terms Of this
section selected TO exclude The states
from Incorporating banks are these /:
No stare shall emit bills of credit. -
The gentleman supposes tia, bank
bill is bill Of credit, and therefore
that the states cannot establish an in
istitution to issue a bill of credit.
Our ideas differ as to the meaning of
the term "biils of cr, d." As to the
argument of the gentleman that he
who does an acc by ano'her does it
by hin self; it does not apply to the
present case--for if we recur to the
charters Of incorporation, we shall
find that particular fund is fixed,
and that this fund oulv is answerable
for he redemption Of the notes. The
argumct of the gentleman would as
wei apply 10 every common noe ri.
ven by one individual to another, be-
cause the states as much Issue bills oil
credit by protecting promissory notes
as by autborising banks to issue such
notss- ID case Of notes given by in