The enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1804-1815, 1810-12-29

nao thorough conviction. and with pru
Gent foresight have studiously guarded a
S''nse IL. by the I'd Art OF the articles of
she confederation it is declared that leach
o'S'e retains Its sovereignty. freedom and
independence and every power Jurisdiction
and right which is not by this CONFEDERATE.
On expressly delegated to the u. ). in Con
gress assembled" Pursuing the same prin.
cipte, and still carefully barring the doc
,rine OF implied powers. in the 10Th Art of
me amendments of the Constitution of the
y. D 1t is provided that, The powers nor
9efeSated to the y. S. by the Constitution.
nor prohibited by it to the States are reser-
yea 10 the states respectively. or o the peo
PIE These prohbitory words are so clear,
precise and uncontrovertble in their mean
ing, that experience alone could convince
that any Congress would be so hardy as to
ieE'siate npod any subject. By implication,
huf more especially when they knew The
right to !eglsiate npon that very subject. had
neeh, by vote ofth Federal Convention re
FUSED 10 be surrendered 10 their authority.
because 1t was "a power improper to be
vested in the General Government"
VI the right of the States to grant char
'ers OF incorporation. no doubt has ever been
entertained Every State i'm the Union
has exercised it. They have not onlv the
right to incorporate Banks but thew have
an inherent constitutional right to prohibit
or tax Banks, or to prohibit the circulate
on within their respective territories, of
| any BANK notes, or any other circulating
| medium but " the current coin of the u
states, the right to coin and value which
is delegated to Congress The act of in.
cooperating Bank is an acknowledged act
Oh sovereignty an act of sovereignty ought
not to be performed, but upon a clear and
,ndisputabie title the right of Congress 70
| luCOrDOr3tP u,;e
clear nor Indisputable, therefore it ought
not 20 be exercised
! II Congress upon forced and unnatural
cons rucuons and implications establish
banks within the territories Of the respect
I'VE otates' they may with equal justice es
taolIsh Insurance companies, and with
more FEASIBILITY Incorporate an East and
west INDIA company, an European or an
AFRICAN Company, under a pretence the
oe"er TO regulate commerce with foreign
nations" They may establish. a Bank
not only in Philadelphia and New York in
boston ana Charleston, but in every sea.
port and every inland town in the Union.
ana oy me investment of an enormous capi
al MAKE runs upon and break I'D every
si"'iiai institution deriving it's authority
from the States, whose sove gn right 10
establish Banks. is neither disputed nor
aisPntaole. 1t is difficult, if at all posi-
oie 10 conjecture, what might be the usur..
Pa''ons or General Government. that
shouiu launch into the boundess sea of
constructive and implied powers. If i, as
sumes the right to incorporate a Bank. and
Tue o'ates acqniescc, it NAV assume it
20 oc necessary and proper" for " the
Sehefai welfare" to grant an exclusive
| Cnarler, and thus at one blow annhilate
all the State Banks: and should the iudici
airy De Corrupt or wicked enough to deter
| mine mat such grant would be constitute
onai the States must either submit to the
violation OF their rights and the preservation
on their Sovereignties. or array themselves
| against the General Government, that
should thus darlngly break down the mounds
winch the constitution had raised That
'als dreadful alternative is no vain chimera.
WIN De evident on reference 70 the I'd
section OF he vi Art. of the Constitution
OF ne =: We are willing e. acknow
ieoSe thatthis is possible. and not a pro.
o,.oie case, but we explicitly and distinctly
an IN that It the RICH 20 grant charters of
Incorporation be either conceded or assumed
| oy congress, 1t is to their discretion, their
| forDearance or their fears, that the Slates
WIZ De indebted for permitting the exist
ence OF any Bank, Insurance, Turnpike or
other Incorporated Company, deriving It's
Charter from the States Governments
The Legislature of Pennsylvania have
no inclination Co enumerate the many and
great evils Which have been CONSEQUENT uD
on the establishment of Banks coD9cct ed
with, and deriving their charters from the
Government, whence e'nanates g the su
preme law of the land" There is. hrwe.
Ver' one evil OF so destructive and over
whemlng nature, that they believe it ~
cumbent on them to presest it for serious
consideration The u. 5 extend over an
immense extent OF territory, which embra-
! ces All the varieties of soil and c!iinate.
ana produces abundanty the neces,arie,
lne comforts aud the Iuxulies of life -
hese circumstances together with our no
hlcai institutions, make us essentially an
/ agricultural people. very large maori
/ iy OF the people Of the Union are Droprje-
! iors OF the soil which they cel,ivate.
his gives independence TO their minds
/ ana Vtgor to their bodies, while their local
situations preserve them from the con. .,rjon
~ foreign vices and the adop ion of despotc
/ principles. The Yeomanry of America arc
us pride its bulwark and IT'S hopes Their
interests, the dearest affections of the hu-
man mind, their simplicity of manners aud
their habits bind them to our republican in
sututions, and ~ the defence of the ,nde
pcndcnce OF our country Neither he al
lurements Of wealth the Whispering, of
nope nor the dazzling visions of fancy could
persuade SUCH men 90 Dcttay their country
/ Pau.diug, Williams, and Vanvert were II.
corrupuble when Arnold sold his country
and bias,cd his laurels 10 pamper his ar,,h
CIai appetites and CRAFTY his love and uonn
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