Alexandria daily gazette, commercial & political. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1808-1812, 1810-01-11

prcss are bound like all other subjects Of III,
Country, to carry them into execution. Thu
principle was settled in the case of I.y,
treaty. |!
Upon the second condition, Mr.. Es>m
stated 20 his Government that Mr.. Gai.,D
said, {" that i, was the intention of the U,
States to abandon the attempt to- carry on Il,
trade with the colonies Of the belligerens h I
time of war, which was not allowed in tim.
of peace )" and the reason he assigns is co.. !
elusive evidence, that he understood N. !
Gallstin rightly; for he adds, - that tn. e !
S. would trust to their being permitted !, B
+ rance "a. carry on such trade in time d
peace, az to sntitl. them 70 a continuausF
of it IN time of war"
'fhis is too plain to require any explain,
ton it includes the total cession OF the CO. j
lonial trade. This is what Mr.. Ents
stated to his government, and on thi. a /
press idea is Mr.. Canning's ed propal
founded. ?.
Four months after this, and after his d.
grace, Mr.. Erskine declares, that he und,
st7odby this only the direct colonial trads--
Blu, this he did not state to Mr.. Canniu.
and could Mr.. Canning divine it! MsG'
not, indeed did not Mr.. CAMPING suppos
that as our trade with the COLONIES OF Franc
was reduced by captures Of the frsnci
islands and actual blockade, TO almost no,
thing, that our Cabinet were ready to relal
qu!sh it!
Thus it is proved, that the proposition
raade in MIR. Cannins's letter Of the 81
Of January, 1909, SO far from being inss
LEM, were in fact founded upon what he had
a iSht to presume were proposals. TO whid
our ministers had accsded and it Is f.
from being proved that they did no, Civ.
Mr.. Ersklne reason to belive that they did
agree to them. .
We shall now proceed to prove thar III.
arrangement entered into with Mr.. Erskius
affords no proof of wish on the part of our
Cabinet to adjust our differences with Grea
Britain; but that it was rather expected thai
it would widen the breach. 49,.
lst. There was good reason to believe, n
the moment Of the arrangement, that he not
only acted without full bosvers i; bu, thar b.
lad violated his Instructions.
This point once established, and j, being
once conceded that our govcronsn. *.
pcc.ed a disavowal, |, 10 a proof at srem in.
sincerity, instead OF u desire Of preserxMs
peace. ha -. .tr
No point can be move fully settled tia,
that mere letter OF credence, appointing I,
man a minister resident, or even plenipo'
tertiary, does not of itself, ipclude the pow.
er to make a treaty. Hence we lid thar
when ministers plvnipotentiaries have mat
treaties, they have exchanged their full
powers with the persons appointed to treat
with them, although they thrm.elvs. NAV
have been resident at the court of the stve,
eign with whom the treaty is made for Sc.
veral years. (*See Note. ..
This principle acquired additional forc,
and if usage had not sanctioned it, the par.
ticular circumstances in which Mr.. Mad.
son stood, would have afforded an ample
apology for demanding Mr.. Erskinc's pow.
ers. Mr.. Madison is an officer with limf,
ed power. This fact foreign nations ar:
supposed, anu indeed Obliged to know. HI:
was not empowered to restore the inter.
course with Britain, except on tn. condi.
ton of his Britannia majesty's having ac;g.
ally Withdrawn his orders in council. H:
might, however, have considered his M.
jessy's promise to withdraw them, on day
certain, as tantamount to an actual repeal;
but in such case, he had right, nay 1t;
was in duty bound, to call for the power Of
the minister. Why was il not done? b..
cause it was known, roe say, 10, to exist
The delicacy lin this case was truly a erhG
Great Britain could not have taken o!Eence
at the demand Of IN authority, whsn that
authority was indispensable to the exercise
OF Mr.. NIadison's power. H.. -
But the actual conditions Of ,Mr. Erskines
Instructions we,e known and it was known
that the arrangement uiolated them.
This is in proof, T.,
LIST. BY MIR. Erskine's letsnr of the s9.h
Of April, to his own government, in which
he states thar he hod I;sr,.L ~. ,hr,e