The enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1804-1815, 1810-04-13
EVENTS IN SPAIN.
JOHN CLARKE

EVEN Is IN SPAIN.
| The approach Of the French within ten miles
OF Cadiz, appears to have surprised all but those
who think soberly. What is the march from the
Pyrennees to Csdiz. compared with the march
to the Danube, to the Isonzo, 20 the Vistula, to
Vienna OF to Tilst; what is it to the passage of
| the Alps, or oithe Danube at En,zendorT! The
battle Of Talayers, in which 4OOOO French could
battle $4,000 British combined in the same line
with 10000 Spanish troops, should have taught
men pretending to rational faculties that the des.
tiny OF Spain, however much the catastrophe
might be protracted, could not long sxst or re.
sist under sucl' mental debility sucl ignorance of
military principles, such politicians rs juntas
composed OF iniguisitoriai priests and heredita-
~ mbecility- There are men 30 weak now as to
entertan the notion, that city cont aiming so, COO
| inhabitants in ordinary times, formed upon bar :
rem peninsula, without any water but such as is
derived from the casual rains or is transported in
boats, constantly employed plying between St.
Marys, town at ten miles distance, can stand a.
ga'nst an army possessed of the main land, and
OF the main watering place. Let us see what is
the position Of Cadiz in historical and military
view.
| is universally known that Cadiz is the anci-
| ent GdseS of the Phenicians. That it was taken
and plundered by the British under the Earl of
Essex, & Howard, in 1896 that it was as abrupt.
and ANONYMOUSLY abandoned. That the Bri-
t.sh agfn attempted to take it in 1902, under the
Luxe OF Ormond and sir George Rookie, with
much the same views as the British now pretect
1t. They intended in 1902 to prevent its. falling
into the hands of the Bourbons, md to secure \,
Tor the orch Duke Charles, but that the Bourbons
then triumPhed as they appear now destined to
fail every where and that the Duke of Ormond
and SIR George Rookie quarrelled and quilted the
enterprise.
| The port of Cadiz, consists of two bav.. one
within the other. The city, surrounded by mi
itary works, stands on a body of rocks, which
form irregular clusters above water Mt the extre.
nifty Of long sandy ledge OF neck of earth, c.
Vered at times with wster, apparently the allu-
won OF the several small rivers within the bay,
"nch aave been thrown out and resisted by the
reaction of the Atlantic sea, and form kind of
natural causeway from that part of the land of
Spain, called the island of Leon, from east TO
west the west end being the settle of the city -
hxactly west of the castle of st. Catalina, which
forms the outer extremity of the military works
OF Cauiz, is the point or town Of Rotas, on the
main land where there is a large mole, and an
| antique castle. These two points about five
miles and half apart, form the chops of the bay
of Cadiz.
The shore within Rot.. is steep and rocky, as
IS the promontory of Cadiz, and surrounded by
| iedges OF rocks OF which many are visible above
water, and many concealed From Ro,as, the
shore bends off to the north east, and several
rough roads lead to the towns and village. in the
neighhorhood. "A little more than a mile from
Kotas, is the battery la Gallina and two miles
from Rotas, point of a rocky eminepce. il
another called la Puntilla, which cover the rivu.
let called Saludoi which is the first that falls into
the bay on the northwest side from this point
tRs man land takes more eastwardly direction,
and some smaller rivulets fall into the bay which
are covered by the batteries of Ia Bermesa and
la Arenilla. Three miles nearly east of the Pun
tlla battery is 3 much larger point of rocky and
elevated ground, upon which is larger military
| work, presenting to the water eight several bat.
| terles, with some smaller out works; this little
fortress is called the castle Of ST. Catalina but
is not to be confounded with the works of the
| same name, on the promontory tract of Cadix-
This point is however, little mora than three
miles from the Bastion, the north west side of
Cadiz, called Boiuarte de Candalaria The point
OF the town OF Rotas and this point of ST. Gaia.
lima, form what is called the bay of Bulls
The depth OF water on the entrance of the har-
Dor between Rotas and Cadiz, graduates from 9
on both sides to IL and IL fatRoms averaging
for the three central miles L. Between the Pun
tilla and Cadiz, it averages in midchannel from 7
to y fathoms but near Cadiz the lodges of rocks
render 1T dangerous to approach within mile
so that the channel is on the north west side of
the bay, under the distant range of those barriers
we have described WITHIN about mile of ST.
Catalina on the north side, above described, the
Lodges OF rocks approach from Cadiz two miles
IN a north west direction, and irreeularly from a
mile to half mile in width so that the distance
between the point of land at St. Catalina, and the
ledge, called la Galera and Fl Diamante reduces
the main channel to about mile. There is mar
row but dangerous channel, south east of these,
and north west Of the greater ledge Of la Fragile
! which nearly crcus1scribes the north west faces
OF the works at Cadiz and the exposed rocks of
Las Puercas.
The batteries of St. Catalina, command n.
| main channel, circumstance that is very impor.
tant according to the recent advices, because it
| 10 little more than mile and half from Port ST.
Mays, which stands small river of the same
name due north Of ST. Catalina.
st. Marys owes all its impor. ance to Cadiz, az
1t IS the place where persons coming from the in
terror of Spain embark for Cadiz, and from
whence Cadiz receive, all its water {; the usual
expenditure OF water averaged 1900 casks per
day, and boats were constantly employed in that
service.
The river of St. Mary's, or Guadaleto, runs
from north to south into the bay of Cadiz, the
town stands on its west bank, and over the river
IS bridge, which leads east by circuitous road
OF better Than mile to- The river of San Pedro,
over which there is also bridge, where one road
turns OIL to the south towards the promontory on
which stands the castle of Matagordo which
IS WlthiH half mile of the castle De Puntales,
which proJe from the Peninsula on which Ca.
diz stands these two fortresses cover and com
mand the narrow passage from the outer to the
inner harbor. The water under Mstasordo is
from to 8 fathoms under Puntales 3 10 4 ia
| - Jms.
The road from the bridge of st. Pedro forks
OFT from the northwsrd TO the little town Of Pu-
| erta Real which stands at the west side Of the
inner bay above the canal of Trocadero, which
canal has two fathoms water the island is form.
mart nj f,rnr