The enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1804-1815, 1810-05-08

J.
ton, tue quantity now annually made may be es-
timated at five millions Of pounds worth one mil.
lion ofdoiiars. The capital employed is estima |
ted at three millions and a half OF dollars and |
az the establishments increased in number, |
some of them have declined in busine 49, |
Il is believed that Ea drawback, equivalent to |
the duly paid on the importation.ofthe brown sn.
gar used in the refined sugar exported, was again
allowed, the foreign demand, particularly of
Russia, would give great extension to this
branch. A special report has been made on
that subject to the committee OF commerce and
manufactures.
COTTON WOOL AND FLAX.
Z. Spinning mills and many aeturisg e.taSish
?0ents. e
The first cotton mill was erected in the state
of Rhode Island, in the year 1871 another in
the same state in the year 17e5, and two more in
Massachusetts, IN the years 1903 and 1904
During tue three succeeding years ten more
were erected or commenced in Rhode Island
and one IN Connecl'cut, making altogether fifteen
| mills erected before the year 1908, working at
that time about eight thousand spindles, and pro
ducing about threa hundred thousand pounds of
| yarn year. -.
| Returns have been received of eighty seven
mills which were, erected at the end of the year
| 1903 sixty two of Which (4s water and ID horse
m,iis) were IN operation and worked at that time
thirty one thousand sbindles The other tween.
~ five will alibe in operation in the course Of
\ this year, and together with the former ones
(almost all of which are increasing their machi
neryO Will by the estimate received, work more
than eighty thousand spindles at the commence
nent of the year 1911. So = -
T. The capital required to carry on the manufac.
ture on the best ,ermsis estimated at the rate
OF one hundred dollars for each spindle inclu
ding both the fixed capital applied to the pur
chase of the miil-seats, and to the construction
OF the mills and machinery, and that employed
N nne retl, "a,
and contingencies. But is believed that no
more than at the rate of sixty dollars for each
spindle is. generally actually EMPLOYED Forty
five pounds OF cotton, worth twenty cents a
pound, are on an average annually used for each
spindle and these produce about thirty six
pounds yarn of different qualities worth on
an average one dollar and twelve and an half
cents pound. Eight hundred spindles employ
forty persons, viz. five men and thirty ave wo
man and children. On those data, the general
results Tor the year 1911, are estimated as fol
lows.
J. No mills s7-spindles so .ooo-can;t,, EN-.
. p!oyed 1850, 0oO-Cotton used Goa. 600 nonnds
value 720, 600 dollars-Yarn spun 9 SSo OOO
pounds value 3,240O0O dollars-per.ons m
Yioyed. Men 500 Women and children 8 500 /;
/ Total A,oO0.
the Increase of cardng and spinning of cotton
py machnery, IN establishments for that pur
pose, and exclusvelyiof that done in private f,
miles, has therefore been fourfold during the
two last years. and will have been tenfold in
three years.. The table OBJ shews the situation
and extent ofthose several mills, and that al
tnough the greater number is in the vicinity of
riovaehce' IN Rhode Island, they are scatter.
| ca ana extended throughout all the states
those situated within thirty miles of Providence
are exhibited in the table CO. and the statement
ularkeo I'D gives the details ofone of the estab
i'shments' as furnished by the proprietors
The seventeen mills in the state of Rhode Is
tIand rF,tI<. IT. ~ +
Perstlon and worked II, 290 spindles in the wear
I 1903, are also stated to have used during that
year 640,00O pounds of cotton, which produced
$40 ,O0Opounds of yarn OF which 1914, 600 pound.
were sold for thread and knitting 200. COO
pounds were used in manufactures attached TO.
or IN the vicinity OF the mills and the residue
was either sold for wick, and for The use offam
lily manufactures, or exported TO other parts =
| Eleven hundred looms are said to be empIoyed
| IN weaving the yarn spun by those mills ;nto
goods, principally of the following description.
/ viz.
Bed ticking. sold at g s. to 90 cents p ydd.
Giughams, 40 to SO do. do.
| Cloth for shirts and
| sheeting IS to rs do. do.
Connterpanes, at dollars each
| Those several goods are already equal in appear
ance to the English imported articles of the same
Prescription, and superior in durability and the g.
nishing is still improving The sropor,ion Of
fine yarns is also increasing
Inc same articles are manufactured in sever
al other places, and particularly at PHILADELPHIA.
wnere are also made from tbs same material
webbing and coach laces, (Which articles have
ais, excluded, or will soon exclude similar TO
reign importatons,) table and other diaper cloth
lsshs, vest patterns, cotton kerseymeres and
blankets. The manufacture of fistans, cords
snd velvet, has also been commenced in the inte
rior and Western parts of Pennsylvania, and in
Kentucky.
Some ofthe mills above mentioned are also
employed IN carding and spinning wool, though
hGt 10 considerable amount But almost the
whois OF that material is spun and woye in pri.
va,e iamilie5 and there are yet but few cstab
hsii tnents tor the Manufacture of wooden cloths
some Information has, however, been received
rssPfctinE fourteen oftbese, as stated in table
II-J manufacturing each, an average, ten
lnousansi yards OF cloth a yesr, worth from one
10 ten dollars yard. 1t is believed that there
arc Others fron which no u ormation has been
op'a'ned; and tits Known that several establish.
nents, on Smaller scale, exist in Phliadelphia
Baltimore, and some other places Ali those
cloths, as well as those manufactured If, private
families, are generally superior in quality.
though somewhat inferior in appearance to I'M
ported cloths, of the same price. The rrinci.
pal obstacle 10 the extension Of the manufacture
is the want Of wool, which is still deficient botl,
in quality and quantity. But those defects are
daily and rapidly iessened, by the introduction
OF sheep the merino aud other superior breeds
by the great demand for the article, and by the
attention now every where paid by farmers to
the increase and improvement of their Rocks
Manufacturing establishments for spinning and