davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Delaware gazette. [volume] (Wilmington [Del.]) 1809-1810, 1809-11-25

anc,het ;s,.e...H 81 = / h, -, tasu.t..s
fur'hcrante 81 any a"ln-tnent, WAS % NH. q.
tender OF c0u4ter .ayy,ct, which eS piliti, Il.
served the right Of search aM imprssemtAf, N I,
high seas, OF such as were not the suti,rts
the other---but STIMULATING FOR the enactment u
laws on both sides, INJECTING heavy penalties ~
the commanders Of Z, belgcrent slip., yi.,
shall impress ne}pc sa5jccfsot the nyu,a! or o,bq,
not bciag the subjects Of the hc.iigctcot, from
board the neutral vessel, on any pretcrcc wbli.
overland oil the other haut.. making ii Mum,
penal il the sat- s,;s Of the ncutta', to erauf III.
certificates Of ME birth and county q sea Gtia,
persons, without duc proof OF the a.nc. m,
proposition however is nngatory ID Ridiculous.
tire domncer'ng spirit otthc comminders--tbe;r
ingenious and alrogtnt use Of every avenue WIFI,
is left op"a for ahnsc--thc temptation hid o,en
by srollticns on the rich commerce Of tb- ill.,.
ted Sites il casetf war, 70 proGusc IL. sts,. ~
thngs--arc al coItntiy eShib;,e,! by The yrc,s.
tary oil state as irresistible reasons for pqtta. .,
enl TO the mecrstien0ry f9,gtr OF these commas.
ders. 10 whica NAV be added, thar IS ;7jy.oh..
in such cases would really be inevitable H.
Bilsh cabinet could soon acquire sne arr o( con.
irving apologies foi mi ~ fstiAG ta,.;y hee,i;.,
az IN he case Of Etadhv, the faaisameut . lIcir
officers would he fr9mgi.5a.
~ FhS'i VIC Ueaty Was sirrcd BY our ii;niI,
eTs without any article on this subject. Tb.u
hal received a note from The British comD,;;,;on.
els, promising " III. Observance Of Tie ptea,c.,
caution in the imposing Of Briish scaa,rn MI
prompt redress on the representation or it,;,p,,
sustained hy our ct,zcns"--but this NOT. 90
not considered as sufficient b. our government
| and .he omission was justly considered as an h.
auperable objection TO the treaty.
Throughout the whole OF this transaction. A.,
last Administrations has certainly made the .o,.
h@etm advances consistently with the consccritel
p n plc, which forrs Ii. Fade nleesm of one
seaaicn anil Cur commerce. The British ase,,c
Us, that they DO not deere the services az ~,
| own sclnca--wt ccT.liniy do M. scUuiEe H.
al Ct theirs. The only roiet, therefore. K /,
! IL IN some means OF asserting ana asc2r.a;nrt
| I suhjecs Of each. Aal Tie only Question T.
wheh IS the best eHpet,icnt, u ,e-r tie ,ee.ia,,
| 70 Ad5tg examination Of al tatBctu31s cop,nan,
ar on the high seas, accompanied by al ~,
vexalions which ARE incident to The detention ap,l
cAfch OF ono Of til, rights, and by Sacrifice a
one OF the tights Of our sovereignty TO one of;be
| assuming pfsrosativcs Of the British kinr-or ~
eer It 10 an impartial tribunal, constituted ~,
shore, and accompanied with legal PRECAUTIONS
calculated TO prevent the employment Of each
othei' scamen in our respective vessels. C.r-
| ainy thcte tan be no question az TO The bs.
| lance Of advantages arising from these ,yo 49,.
ieciS. Our government has maintained nrc.
| clpe. which they surely ccuM nj ha..e abuy-
! to "a. "s'"'
| The other points in the treaty are reserved a.
| the next No.
The Delaware gazette. [volume] (Wilmington [Del.]) 1809-1810, 1809-11-25

of personal and hereditary slavery. Did the
laws OF Greece or Rome go further (! DO thos"
Of the modern empires Of Europe so SO far IN
respect to their white cerf' cf African slaves!
When it is considered with what ease and
promptltude doctrines SO new as those OF the
Nesstoaian philosophy were adopted ia all tree
countries, and even in others, though they were
the fruit OF the wisdom and learning Of a SIN
gle MUD, II viii not be considered as imp ooa-
bic, that the political principles OF the North
Americans, and their manifest bcneEcence to
the many, should as easily ami promptly be-
come objects Of adoption aud attachment e
hose persons who arrive among us from ipl-
| ign c!nes These acceptable principles oe-
cason all men, who have not opposing intsr-
ests or preludices, to rally round them, 10 par
take OF Their nature and spirit, ana thus exhibit
The same c'aracterist,cs. Republican piinc;-
| pes, or il other words, their own Just rights
! and interests must be acceptable ID the unbl
assed mass OF every comuunlty, and this must
oct aston them, where ii is sale and lawful, to
BE- nationally embraced and exhibited. Many,
tay, all may enjoy these personal rights.
few only can enjoy the advantages Of atistc-
I ;racy. Tue ctizeAs Of this country therefore.
~ well na,uraa,d As native, easily and suck
" aaamllalc themselves ii cautious opposi-
ton to the power Of few, and an open legiti.
Mate maintenance Of the rights Of the waoll
Of the membcis vi the community.
COLUNIBIANUS.
: (rhe next number will close hesc sketches oi
our national characler.l
The Delaware gazette. [volume] (Wilmington [Del.]) 1809-1810, 1809-11-25

Z, with very ssiieii
Rte, among persons who have
time settled inhabitahts.-
Is in their own numerous ga
st Information of the business,
irs Of the United States. IN
N which We have been separa
languages are spoken by num-
N the four grand divisions. IN
kuages, no publications re-
IS Of the country are ever
igions bear forcible sway
law or of natural strength.
lnote from the metropolitan
,parated from each other BY
d interests. These obser- |
e with an invldloas design,
ing national character, ae
I'd by natural and habltual
ay be fairly presumed, thai
led, may really possess ma
hat the versatile character
formed AMI altered By the
or moral causes. Il IS
that general principles are
ed, alter mature c@nsd-
States, as to produce
s are not only 70 COY
.rly. This COMEDIES
Iin,s OF the many.
Frican. They all re-
!, because it grati.;es
otes their interests
rnestly oppose an in
al impi essment, u
ga5.ire, a cotves, the
d church in America,
fed from their native
"a exemptions from those
rtlon Of men might be eX
Ysry hardship ,ad suffer HI
attic AMI warfare, before
d our protecting cons.itu,
tura Of Our county, With
at,0ns, on dependent cotu
BIZ i;tiono Of tie American
ci.il uniformity, uaknowi
ne empire, AID hishy II
n:tormitv If the nalony
;tc anil free black inhani
10 this observation, FOR
zee backs regularly adop
ilions, apparel, iutEliur
rs. They are general
ca'vanis's and metlio
whcf all the chris,ia
I rec observation.
10 adopt a civil consti;u
i.te !.aab tants Of III
ric4li, and Last India
n states, could iuli.
We national govern
not only easy IN til
sary H. - fuss, cor
,;at.on Of our p,inci
is contemplated +,
tica' science, as an in
o'Nile power. 1t !,
nte!lcct OF the rcd All
ensibiy better than thu
s. As we canno, dis
pong the whites BY til
re same rue presses il
With respect 10 the i.e
black races. ilivin,
Ordained the existtnc,
rlen, has ordained thei
tl.i;cal family, ahd W.
The same supreme AT
laHlt. and lnst'ce anon.
inside creatures. Gu
nSl CT ~ men alike =
pdins and exrence Il
aHd q persuade then
economy, our civil IL
Nj gu. religion +; or i
, 10 our nallonal plan G
tvss SO ofthe blacks
and places, though
their numbers an
ding circumstances
tire, humanity, an
Is them, slangerou
y very gradual, dc
natural condition
hand, and when
9, that the human
a, raistd tho Black
li'ion, which is. litti
inferior class OF beings
, aGtice OF the salutar
'oral, and el'gicn the me
4 On The part Of the white
by naniilatsd to the uni
Ai.dom and virtue of tn
men ~ various nalicns
The Delaware gazette. [volume] (Wilmington [Del.]) 1809-1810, 1809-11-25
FROM TIE EHQulReR.

No. L.

No. l.
II seems, that many ccnsurcsEavc bccn cast
upon the last administrator, for asuppcs.d want
81 hhtraliiy towards Great Britain. AS these re-
Piotches may ,,c shown to he tlestitu!e of any
foundation, by recurring to the, terms which
were proposed to Great Britain as tue basis ofG
Eeasy---lt seems matter of some moment 10
e1hlhit what these propositions were. There is
another advantage in such aa Essar--it is not
every man who IS able 10 shift long diplomatic
fiespondence---ln to trace tne terms which
were successfully offered and rejected. To show
me actual state OF this questcA, the folio Nins
eu-idat'cns are submitted:
The two most important points in dispute
were, Isl. the CDloaiat Iraie. %. tie Imbfos-
mcht efout Sean4n.
|. Il, 70 tie CooUid Tfa3e.--1he Secretary
o. STATE, ~ his joint letter OF instructions to
hicssTs. AlolAce and Pinl.uey fe1Aifs thtm TO
t"ke tie arheie Of 1901, supplementary 10 the
treaty OF June Of that year, between oreat bti-
iaiil and Russia as the fui- Of lheif conduc,--
tu,s a.ticic 0l,aAaJhs the pois.t Ut carrying, III
r. = ',ar, the produce or merchandise of The
cef9Me5, SO. direct 10 the mother country. and
r'r' rffsG hem The m0l.e, country TO tie ene,ny's
c0!ChttS.
rs many buses have crept into the British
practice under the Trcicxt that this neutral trade.
rom enemy Colonies, through neutral ports, was
- tact the dl,fci t5Gde, it became essential to a.
mvit sane 1a{e as precauion on this rolnt
! hey were, 'hel etore to conredc on the part Of
the l'nled States, thai Tue landirt, securin- the
duties AMI change OF ship, or. aeyasabAy the Ian
''ln@ a'nne, or securing the duties lesdes, should
ncfertssafy to destroy the continuity OF the yoy-
age--oi which facts, the ordinary documents OF
our cusfcm houses were to be hc,das evidences
enough Here let il be distinctly remarked, that
Mese were hell sufficient IN the cerb,ated COR
renondtnce OF Mr. Kim, anil Tord I31 kcsbury
and IN the year 1901, the .Iagccqfe General
himself having formally repeated Tia; g landing
the goods AVID payln., the duties ia the neutral
country lfeols tie coa6auity IF the voyage, ard
IS &Hca an mp9rtatioa q ai;,es tie h4aa, altt o.
the goods be rcshipred il tie same vessel, and
on aet ounr Of the same neutral proprietors, and
be otvaided for sale to the mother country or
tie Colony"
In the p&ect fAaa trcaIy, signed by these gen
tlemen, however, greater concessions were real
y madc. All articles 70, as we'll as from the co.
Iohies were to he landed ia the po,ts oil the Uni
TED otates-o4 re. shipment af those Of the growth
produce and manufacture Of Emoge, ono per
cent was to be dcdacted lIonl the draw back--on
rsshipment of,hosc Of he growth Of The enemv's
colonies b Earere RIO pr cent were to be re-
tanned from the drGa ddcl--in both cases, The
goods ind vessels 70 be Iona .&d<, the property Of
the citzcns and inhabitants oi inc United States
Dii the adm 80 "a - however, lejeet thi!
J; = . : :; ;;: -; -; !: !:
Virginia Argus. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1796-1816, 1809-08-04

Hne uaE engaged in the labours OF the field,
and was assured this was the cause of 1t.
rhe system OF conscripuon is orribIe the
kest families are broken in upon and m,nr
ruined by it. He has seen many thousands
of these conscripts at Bayonne, where they
were drilled a few weeks in marching, SC.
(withou. erns) and ,hcn sent, many of them
brokvn hearted, into Spain. to be incorpo-
rated among the old troops. Not enured
TO military hardShips, and most OF them
perhaps never having handled a muskes--
JAW and Observation-Disclosures To- a war
fare among the mountains SPAN, and a.
g~inst their hardy inhabltants--they en-"
tered that Kingdom as certain victims tn
Eonaparte's aiHoition---never To revisit their
country and frends--ncver az lin to enjoy
the domestic co,n forts from WHICH they have
been torn away.
Virginia Argus. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1796-1816, 1809-08-04

the board Of trade, immediately issued
most rigorous orders for sxercisiqs the
right OF search well knowing, that Ame.
RIGA, being almost the only neutral nation
tina, traded largely, the rigorous exercise
OF that right would exclusively affect her.
The Ens!ish orders were certainly cha-
racterised by the same principles as the con
mercial rest Ictions a jealous indignation,
an aasry con -empt al the American govern
nent. Tne English papers, catching the
popular senti ne t, and conducted by silly
editors andsc party feelings, were sllei with
nvidiois reS :ctions on the comparative state
Of the American and English foreign trade.
America, it was said, possessed all the for
eign tr idc OF Europe, aud re ipcd the richest
fruits from h.r neutrality. From kind OF
emotion which We know not how To charac-
terise, exec )t as an envious spite, every op-
portunity was eagerly taken To mortify A.
nerica, and TO avenge ourselves for her
| mercantile prosperity by treating her, in
| every necessary or incidental collision with
i Us, with the most insulting air of superior-
| ty.
| The orders Of admiralty were executed
in the same spiritin which they were issu-
ed. Every American ship was searched
with the IN ,st extreme rigor, and princi-
| pie was at lcngth announced, and partially
acted uoon, which il it had been Carried
| into full practice would have anuihilatcd
whatever renamed Of American indepen-
d nee.
| The right of search, hitherto confined to
goods, AMI even tn certain description of
| goods. was now extended to men, s ADM.
raj Berkeley, in the affair of the Chesapeake.
betayed such extreme ignorance of the law
of nations as to insist upon the right of
searching an American national vessel-.-
and. when this claim vast Justly resisted
to prosecute it BY direct attack.
In this state Of things were the relations
of America and England when France is.
sued the Berlin order, by which she de
clared England in state of blockade. The
| French issued an order which ther could
not execute, & the English, by an absurd
| kind Generalization, replied by an order,
] which beng accompanied with real force
gave prac:ical efficacy to the French sys
r:m. Between The two orders, A ne rican sh IDS
could not visit either kingdom without be-.
| Ing subject TO the alternative OF seizure, or
degrading sub mission to the sacrifice of
qualities usually considered as the essential
constituents of national independence.
Virginia Argus. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1796-1816, 1809-08-04
WEST-INOIES.
NEW .YoRK, July es.

NEW'HoER, July 60.
SURRENDER OF The CITY OF ST
DOMINGO.
BY the British ship William Fenning we
have received Port au Prime papers u the
LIST instant, from VIII CHI we have translated
the following article
Ere. fhe Pors au Prime Gazette ofJuly
I, 1909.
Extract ot a letter from native Haytian at
st. Domingo to his friend in ehis place
(Port-auPrnce,) dated June 18th.
I" After the very long siege we have suf-
tered, and having endured all the Gallant.
ties attached thereto, reduced to the food Of
every species of animal that conii he found
and the small portion of state provisions we
had on hand, we ave at last been obliged
to surrender to the British, who b ock ad I'd
our port and prevented our receiving any
supplies.
+" the terms of capitulation are, that the
French are TO deliver up the town, with all
It's ammunition, guhs, sc. and the English
are To- furnish vessels to transport the
French garrison to Europe"
Virginia Argus. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1796-1816, 1809-08-04
PHILAD EL,HIA, July %.
Erwac. FROM Liverhool. eM yuue,

ErrdctTrow LtUertool, 9Th June,
oft will certainly be advisable to be in
formed, previous to the shipment of any
goods, the result of Mr.. Jackson's emb,ssy
to America, he having sailed to supercel lie
Mr. Erskine, who so far exceeded ms pow
ers OF instruction, that the British govern
mept will not ratify the stlpalstions he had
entercl :a.o with the United States. Mr..
ErskIue is, Of course, recalled, and the ore.
neral opinion here is, we shall una ne stiona-
bly, nave war with America. Tar. which
sold months ago for 80 shiIlinZs the bar.
rel, may now be bought for u.s. Oil. and
tobacco, which brought 2s. Sd. for Tod. ~
such is the depressi IL of all kinds of Ame-
rican produce"
Upon the heels of our late unpleasant in
telligence from England, we have adyicek
from France, ola still deeper gloom. Years
have already been expended in fruitless eli,
forts, on the part of our government, TO
persuade the emperor of France 60 enter
into an amicable commercial arrangement.
He has not deigued TO listen to our imoor.
tun,ties; and the period seems now to have
arrived for the fuiiment of mis- long medir.
tated hostility. 1t appears from all the re-
cent information from France, that no ex-
pectation eau be entertained of that govern
ment relaxing It's rigorous DEGREES against
the rights of commerce and IL is corfi.
IDENTITY stated, that Mr.. Armstrong il pre-
pairing to return to this country, in the
Mentor or Syren.
Tue following is an extract of one of the
latest letters from France.
Re 70 Phil Gaz.
BORDEAUX, June 49,
IL Is with much regret we nave to say,
that appearances on this side the water are
not calculated to justify the expectation of
speedy re-establishment Of our commcr-
cial relations. The American minister has
as yet received no reply from the govern
ment to the dispatches blythe Mentor, and
those by the Syren, announcing an arrange
ment with Great Britain, Cannot be expec-
ted to meet more favorable reception.
BY our last advices from England il would
seem, that the arrangement with Mr.. Era
kline has not been sanctioned by the Brit
ism ministry, so that it will produce irrita-
ton here, without being attended with the
advantages il presented on the other side.
The belligerent powers are now so much
eXasperated that they have lost all kind of
respect for the rights of other nations, and
It appears probable that some decisive
blow mast be struck before any American
intercourse can be recognized with the
countries under the controul of either par.
~.
Another letter, same Gate, says-s@We
send this after ship Hope, to say, the Mi
mister of Marine has given orders NOT
TO GRANT ANY CLEARANCES FOR
THE UNITED STATES the intercourse
between the two countries being SUSPEND.
ed since the goth OF May by law OF Con-
gress."
Letters received this morning, in this ci-
ty, dated Bordeaux, IL ia June, state, mat
upwards Of a month had elapsed since the
arrival Of the Mentor, & the brig Syren seat
at ther the Mentor, with diIpatches, h.d
likewise been there considerabl. time,
that Cen. Armstrong had received no a.
Virginia Argus. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1796-1816, 1809-08-04

mary To any overture For the renewal ,s
intercourse, offered what was deemed .d,..
qhate satisfaction for the aT,ir of the C,r,-
apeake. Where in these instructions. il
any instruction relative to- the affair of
the Chesapeake. II is not even me nrio,,ef
and the presl nption is that there w,,a
previous Communicate the Confidential
nature OF which possibly prevented its pub
location. Indeed ia the Instructions nuh
lished, as for ner dispatcl,'' is mentioned.
the contents ct which, however, are not de.
signated.
AGAIN These Instructions re 1uire far.
mai recognition by the Unitei Stetes NJ
three con litions, tn one at least or wh;c;,
the govern nent OF the United S,ates co,j.I
never aeceie. Il nay we'll be- douhteI
whether Mr.. Er,tiue wu,,d s, f,- h ,4a
deviated fro n positive Instructions as p,
make an arrangement without the recor-.
nition OF any one OF then. Mr. Oia,ey.
the bearer of the dispatches which war.
the basis of the advancement made in tt;.
city, arrived in the United st7tss in the
Rosamond on the Sd of April, which vessel
brought London dates to the 9Th OF Febrn
airy. The instructions published are da,ed
23d OF January, at least sixteen DAYS prior
to the departure of MIR. o. from London :.
aud in this no mention is made OF Mr.
Oakley, who was selected as the bearer.
it seems to be rational deduction thar
Mr. y. was selected az the bearer of in.
structions of a Subsequent date, Also posi-,
MY OF confidential nature, and therefore
not published.
About the time that Mr.. Oakley sailed.
also, the ministerial speakers in Parliament
and the ministerial prints conveyed the j.
dea that the British min stry conGdentlv
expected an amicable adjustment Of all
differences with Anerica.-Oid they ex
pect it from the instructions now published
Did they expect it from the reauisition Of
humiliating conditions from us, in conse.
qucnce OF which they would do us the
favor to tax US no longer? The idea is
absurd.
In short it is evident that these were nor
the only instructions given to Mr.. Erskine.
although they nigh, have composed that
part OF them which it has been deemed
polite to make public.
Virginia Argus. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1796-1816, 1809-08-04
FROM TAX SAVE.
Mr.. Erskiae's vegociaaOn.


It would really seem as if fatality At 4.
tended the relations of England ana Aane :
RIGA, and that America and England, in
the absurd language OF the day, we're oa =.
tural riV tis--tnat the one is destined 10 act
IS a cOntrol on the other, aud that by
these means, EACH is To keep the othe.
Gown. Thu, political jargos, a new rami-
ication of the old system of the balance Of
mower, IS at once acted upon 10 practice,
aud denied in doctrine. To what else can
e imputed tas extraordinary conduct o;
very English ministry towards Americ
d. condGct so contrary not only tn sound po
rcy, Dat eyes tn grosscst cor no1 ora.
aeace, that u IS Inptst i1le 70 cnardctccizs
-, except as thc result of tie passions OF
tc nation.
~ W Ter more ia ~ 70 understand the ex.
saardntry features OF this pArt Of our to-
Virginia Argus. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1796-1816, 1809-08-04
NEw-Yeny, July %.

Christophe, the President of aayti, on the
lst July issued general order, in which he
details victory nc obta med about the mid.
die OF June, over the army of his corapeti.
tor, who had assembled all his d:sposeable
force before Mire5aliis. General David
trois, who commanded the troops of Pc.
ZION, lost his life IN the engagement Potion
nimseit nlrrowlY escaped :-Bourdct, col.
onel ct the 18Th regiment, lost himself in
the woods, and was taken prisoner, with
great number Of others.
Mer. Adv.
Virginia Argus. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1796-1816, 1809-08-04
NORFOLK, July 81.

Yesterday arrived in Hampton Roads.
His Brit anick Majesty's brig Contest, L,eu-
tcna,'s Gregorie, in eight weeks from En-
gland, with dispatches for Ar. Ersk; .sr.
There were Landed from her, we under.
stand, upwards Of 1900 letters for difFer.
emit parts of the Continent. sac proce eded
up the bay this morning.
Virginia Argus. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1796-1816, 1809-08-04
BALTIMORE, AUGUST

MIR. Coles. who went out in the Mentor,
with dispatches to France has arrived at
New.York, in the Syren from L'Orient. s.
has proceeded to Washington. Our af.
fairs with France, remain, as was to have
been expected, in statu qno-TAe English
orders not being abandoned, Buonaparte'c
DEGREES are of course not revoked.
Virginia Argus. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1796-1816, 1809-08-04
SDone5tlc.
Mer. Adv.
wAsnlasrox CRY, July 81.

WNShiNSToN CITY, July 81.
FROM he national InfeHgeaeer.
Mr.. ERsEGNE, the British Minister, ar.
rived IN this city on Friday last.
In our paper Of this day will be found
copy OF the INSTRUCTIONS produced by Mr..
Canning in the British Parliament as the
basis on which the late arrangement was
entered into by Mr.. Erskine.
IL appears to us extremely improbable
that these were the only instructions on
which Mr. Erskine proceeded in the nego.
citation at this place, aud for these reasons.
Nr. Erkine, in his hrst letter, as prelim
Virginia Argus. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1796-1816, 1809-08-04
ANsrsRpAx, June 2.


His majesty has received prslimina.
ny report OF his excelency lieut.. Gen.
Gra'leo, sts;ing that with the troops un.
der his command he attacked Strxlsund
on The 3ist of May, aud rendered him.
sell master of that place, after a severe
conflict which lasted two hours. Our
troops psnstrated into that city by gate
which sas defen led by 20 pieces of can
non' AID the action was continued in the
streets where the troops fought man to
man. According to the generals report,
the conflict must have been of the most
OBS mate AID most sanguinary nature.
Schiil Is killed, and his troops are throws
INTO Confusion /; one third of his corps ia
slain. We have also lost some brave men,
aud among others lieut.. gen. Cartere,.
C'ea' Gratien promises a more detailed
report OF this aSlion in which he SAYS our
troops have covered themselves with Clio.
ry.-l Royal Amsterdam Gazette OF June
II