davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1808-02-15

corps Of Martial oouif. AL INC
other troops on their march from
Germany, or already arrived IN
France, are proceeding TO bayonne
where fecond army of Reierve Is
now collecting under Gen. Dupont
This army when complete,will maTch
into Spain, and third army OF re-
ferve will be attended upon the lame
ground, no doubt for the fame del
tination.
The Jageaion IF Saveds".
DEC. ID Two Gottenburgh
mails have arrived hnce our lat. It
is eviden, that the Emperor OF Rui-
fla is taking meafures to fever from
us our only remaining Continental
Ally. The king of Sweden has no
force in bis dominions 10 withitand
that of Rui1ia, and mutt in courie
yield TO nece1ity a mefenger ar
rived frop Sweden Taft night, which,
no doubt brought the Intelligence to
Miniiters Of the march of the Rut-
fan troops towards Swedilh Finland ;
and probably announced to them the
reluctant refoIutlbn Of the Swediih
Monarch 70 yield TO circumstances
Governed by a junto more formidable
in attacking friends than enemies,
Britain has no longer the power to
f4ccour the diitr1 fed their hands
are now ftretched out towards her
in vain, and one BY one, they e.
come the lacrihCe of their attachments
TO US.
A gentleman by the name of Jones,
arrived in town yesterday, fiom Yer
dun, and had a conference u tn
Mr.. Canning, at the Foreign Office,
and ALTO with Mr. Pole, the fecrcra-
ny Of :he Admiralty. MIR. Jcnes
ftates that all the American prifon-
ers at that place, who had been taken
during the war on board Of EDglifh
vehcls. have been fet at liberty and
allowed to return home. Among
them are feveral buffers, lieuvenan s,
warrant officers, Sc yet they were
all difcharged, with Only the allow
ance of common ieamen he diff
charge of theie prifonerS clearly
fhews, that Bonaparte is anxious to
conciliate America Indeed Ia the
Preient fate of things in relation to
England, it is found policy.
BRITISH ORDERS.
BY an order of Council, Dec Q,
it is ordered. that no vedels belong
ing to his Majeity's fubjeds, be per
mltted to clear for any RulFian port,
until further ordess that an Embar-
60 be laid on all Rulian vefTcls ~
and that n. NJ. chi S and prlvateers
be ordered to bring in all vef1els bear
ing the Rudian flag; but that care
be taken to preferve the property on
board fuch vefels.
augmentation Of tbe R1lFar Army. |
GoTTENBURc, DEC VARIOUS
travellers, chiefly .ngifh, have this
week arrived from Ru1la, who all |
report that a large body Of RuGian |
troops are marching 70 the frontiers
of Swedilh Finland.
GEN. WHTTLOCK.
The Court Martial. which is 70 |
fit on Gen. WhitIockes conduit. has |
been appointed Sir Wm Meadows |
will be pr hdcnt. None are to ct !
on it except officers ofthc fame rank, |
and who have fcrved as long as the
General himlelf. There are four /
capital, and fome minor charges. - |
The trial will commence as fUoa as
the witnehes return from Buenos |
Ayres.
The Hand Of Baur62n, in the IN
dian ocean, has been nick named
Bonaparte.
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1808-02-15

Government has received difpa,ches from
Mr Pinckney by ~ Zip PoyNs,a3. a-riy.a
at Norfolk" - MI
Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1808-05-06

10000 superficial feet of four inch plank
white pine, or the heart Of yellow pine, each
plank Is feet long.
The above materials except the plank must
be of the best heart, hsrd,yellow pine, or OF the
best white oak, free-of sap. The proposals 10
estimate by the cubic foot.
Written proposals will be received at the
same time for the Iron work, for Carpenters
and Laborers. Proposals may be handed ia
before the day above mentioned to the Presl-
dent.
Daniel Carroll, Of Dud.
Pree:dent.
May s. dts.
The American Artiileriits Companion,
g ELEEfEAr7.S or .hRTILLERY,
BY LOUIS De TOUSARD,
Late Lieut. col. conmandant of the Cd reg.
and Inspector of arilIsry Of the Z. S.
No st and Cd Of the above work
FoR SALE BY
r. GRAY.
Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1808-05-06
NOTICE.

a T A MEETING Of the. Board Of
4 Directors of the Matua! Assurance So
ciety aginst fire on buildings in the state o.
Virginia, held at the capitol on the hrst 81
FEB. 1903.
Resofued, That FOR the greater convenience
of the citizens, the following buildings, which
have heretofore been only nsurable In the
Office Of this society by special contract, with
the directors, may hereafter be insured on the
following terms, without such special contract
to wit
All tobacco houses, or houses in which to-
bacco is usually deposited or cured by plant
ers on their farms all houses IN which to-
bacco is Kept in loose STATEN which 1t IS cur
cd or manufactured, for chewing, smoking or
sFuiilng, and all tobacco stemmer,es.
IF built of brick or stone and co..
vered with tile, slate or metel,
at P. cent
IF built of brick Or stone and CO.
vered With wood p. cent.
II one story ofstone or brick, or
two brick of stone gable ends,
ard the upper story or stories
OF wood and covered with wood 8 p, cent.
II buil' of wood and covered with
wood 10 p. cent.
All houses containing, or in which are ge.
morally deposited, FAX, hemp, grain in the
straw or straw OF any kind, hay, or fodde-,
which shall hereafter be insured shall pay the
following premiums.
IF built or brick or stone and CO.
yered with tile slate or metal 5 p cent,
If built OF brick or stone and CO.
vered with wood p. cent.
Ifone story of stone or brick or
tNe brick or stone gable ends,
and the upper story or stories
OF wood and covered with wood p. cent.
r. built of wood and covered with
wood p. cent.
All which buildings shall be subject to the
same additional premiums, for contiguity as
other houses are subject to.
ii True Ertract from tie. Journal,
Ieste,,
LOWS vi. KlYllaL7,
OK. 3. d,
Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1808-05-06
Mowst-N aIhlngs0n tor Sale.

T will sell my FARM in Fairfax county,
L and give immediate possessions It's less
than three miles from Alexandria, and six
from the George Town ferry--the distance
from the projected bridge will be less--the
house stands on an elevated hill, and over.
looks the CITY, Alexandria, the river, With
the shore, and hills OF Maryland. The house
which erected, and is neatly finished, con-
sists of center house two stories high and
wings of one, Joined to it, by circular corri-
doris, the north wing contains small rooms,
the front Of it, and the corridor adjoining.
intended for green house, this leads to a
drawing room-a dining room separated
from it by the passage and staircase, is next
10 the south corridor which contains 5 closets,
and leads 70 the kitchen---two small rooms in
this wing with the kitchen--a pump of excel
lent water at the door. The second story of
the center house contains 3 chambers and
dressing room, with FIRE p.aces-a large clo-
set adioins the dining room--one Of the same
size opens on the stair case, both fitted up
with Shelves store room in the garnet, and
cupulo on the house top, from whence is seen
delightful, variegatsd landscape, completes
the description OF the mansion house. * neat
cottage aGe9EmSoa4tss IabqEsrs ana tAeHe are
fgSlr, contains 1903 acres, 20 enclosed and col-
tiyatcd, the rest in wood this place boasts
the finest collection Of fruit that have seen,
besides every other sort; the LIST gwen to me
was 500 apples, 500 peaches, and 800 cherry
frees: I have added several hundred OF the
hest kinds.--The garden consists OF II large
SQUARES. the soil enriched and borders filled
with fruit trees, and bushes it is surrounded
by live cedar hedpe, which also extends on
each side OF the house the former propue-
tor possessed much taste, and collected many
ornan,enta, trees and shrubs, which are u
diciousIv disposed about the gt@lnds. Inc
soil is suitable for grass, and the portion OF
ground devoted to timothy and clover, yield
an abundant crop it produced good wheat
and oats last wear, and think with small ex-
pence may be rendered productive. Those
who wish residence, where health Will be
preserved, and convenience of intercourse
with Alexandria, George own, and the seat
of government, will find all combined IN
nt-WaSlzlngton will shew the preml-
ses and impart the terms OF sale, upon apptl-
cations by letters directed to the Post-Otfce,
Alexandria. ELIZA Z. LA W.
Also FOR SHE,
Farming supplements, on OK cart, two bar
shear piougbs with harness, one shovel do.
ono iron toothed harrow, two scyS1es and era
dies, spades, picks, sxc
Efnrcb q
Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1808-05-06
Ahril 90.


II i a ZEE ! NJ OF the BodfG o.
r. Directors Of the Mutual assurance So
ciety against Fire on buildings Of the state OF
Virginia, held at the general Office Oh the 18th
OF March 1908
WHEREAS, its represented to the board
OF Directors, that many persons who have
heretofore been members of the Mutual As
surance Society against Fire on Buildings Of
the state OF Virginia, who have ever been at
tachecl to the principles on which It IS founded
but for causes now no longer existing, had
withdrawn from the same, are bow deslrous OF
again becoming members thereof.
Resotved, That all suchpersons still holding
buildings which they have heretofore insured
In this institution, or the assignees and trans.
ferees Of such insurance, shall be permitted,
and they are hereby authorised to constitute
themselves members thereof, upon the follow
Ets terms, to VT.
That, they shall irst pay into the hands OF
the cashier general, all such quotas and pre-
miums with interest ara costs, II any nave
accrued, as they had not paid at the date OF
their Withdrawal; but which they would nave
been liable to have paid, had they not win
drawn and secondly, that they should pro-
ceedto revalue their property instantly, cause
declaration offcvauatlon to De made out anG
returned to the general Office OF Insurance
and pay the additional premium Whlca may
be due. if any upon compliance with these
conditions, such persons shall be entitled to a
new policy, aad shall be as completely iFsafea
as if they had not withdraw;i, or as Ii they haa
become members by obtaining new declare
ton, and entering as new members thereby
II True Es;tract. from tie Journal,
7e8te,
Lewis M. Rivilain,
OK. 3. D
.4trH %. la7'z@
Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1808-05-06
mo. 2i65.
n O TT C E.

Tas PRESIDENT AND DIRECTORS
Ofthe Washington Bridge Company viii re-
ceive sealed proposals at stelle's Hotei on
Friday the 18th inst. for the delivery Of the
whole or any part Of the following bill Ct
SCantling
Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1808-05-06
,ca2es at Ves5ue.

Sa!es at Vealue.
N every Tuesday and Friday,
" HgLL Re SOLD
!. \. venslue Store, corner Of Prince and
o - Water streets.
j gsr;ttq Of Dry Goods, Groceries, &c.
g p.r.;cnlars of which will be expressed IN
~ hills of tie day-All kinds of goods
sSich arc on limitation and the prices OF
'S are established, can at any time be
we, :.med and purchased at the lowest Limitation
2. c.. Marsteller, V. NJ.
Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1808-05-06
Lewis M. Rivilain,
Ahrif %.
A Brick House for Sale.

.~-sHE Brick House occupied by Mrs. W
ebolls, on the north side of Prince
street. between Fairfax and Watef-streets'
ogered fer sale on liberal credit. For part
culars apply to ~ -
January Il. On
Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1808-05-06

BIZ virtue Of decree OF the Hon. the DIS
tict Court Of the district Of Columbia, viii be
offered Al public sale. to the highest bidder,
brready money, on Saturday, the day OF
hepresent month, at Jonathan Switt's wharf,
at % O'Clock, A. NJ. the Schooner N1lham
aqd d'ery, her rigging, tackle, apparel and
hmiture--the said Schooner, &c. being IL
bslled by tie United States, ana by consent
OtpSrties decreed 10 be sold.
r. MOSS, D. NJ
Nav 5. Gts
Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1808-05-06
Puislic Sale.
FOR SiLE, 6f
LEWIS DEBLOIS

1T his Store, near Col. Ramsay's ayha.f
French Brandy, in pipes
Catalonia Wine, in half pipes and quarter
casks
New-England Rum, in hogsheads and bar
rels
Molasaes, in hogsheads
Goldfish, in boxes
Cider, Potatoes, Beets, and Winter Pears,
in barrels
Cheese
Cider Vinegar, in hogsheads and pipes
March 9.
Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1808-05-06
P. c.. Marsteller, v. NJ.
! he COMMISSIONERS

Amounted under an act of Congress Tor
!. establishments Of a Turnpike Company In
- conrty CT Alexandria, N the district OF Co.
sms,a,' to receive Subscriptions for the ca
D;.,l stock thereof, do>herebg siue notice, the
Soo1s will be open for that purpose, at Gads-
-, sotel. in the town Of Alexandria, on Sa-
mray, l4th instant, 1T the hour of 10 O'Clock,
\. The law autkoriscs subscription for,
saggos in shares OF fifty dollars each, and.
md :he sum of ten dollars must be paid on
ZACH share at the time of subscribing
Jonah Thompson.
Thomas Swami,
Charles Alexander.
Edmund / Lee.
Jacob Hoffman
CuthbeTt Powell.
John Mandevllle.
In case the substitution should exceed the.
ppmher Of shares authorised by law, the larg-
ss, s,ibscnptons viii be first reduced, until the
excess shall be taken off, or each subscriberbe
reduced to ole share, if the number of sub
stribers shoald be greater than thenumber OF
shares to be taken the further reduction shall
leuoade BY lot.
Farm Of POr0er Of Attorney from those
wio may subscribe BY Proxy.
lempower TO subscribe for ne in
mr. name, fer shares OF .stonh no
Washington and AlexuIlsifia Turnpike Com
parry, under the acs for the establishment
isereoF; as witness my hand this day
dMay 1903.
Witness.
Ma, 1, 1908. cost
TO hire, a Negro Woman, who
is a good house, servant and can be we'll re-
commended.
A3Ply TO TIE T. ''sssr,
Nay A. cot
Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1808-05-06
Neyy-York Lottery.

YESTERDAY was the tenth day OF draw
ing-the first drawn ticket IS prize OF one
thousand dolIars--the Wheel had gained at the
close of the ninth day drawing $3.50 dollars:
in consequence of which the tickets have RI
sen in value.-The subscriber has lew tick
cts and shares at Eight Dollars during the
present week but will be raised to Etghf
Dollars FIfy Gents on Monday ncxt---A
whole ticket, two halves, or four quarters
eiyen in exchange for ten dollar prizes.
Robert Gray.
ADril 2S
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1808-01-11

ing, and hemmmg, that little ornothirg
could 1e heard. In this manner Y. 7
the debate conducted upon measure
q rs much importance as any that has
engaged the attention Of Congress since
the Organization Of the governments
As the friends of the measure, ,;d
not condescend to assign any leas1n II
favor OF their vote,we are left ~ c-,o-,,,
IN the dark. Against Tie measure ,b.rs
was talking enough. Twelve hours "A
continuation one day beside almost The
whole Of two other DAYS. The ninor
lty regarded the measure as inadco,ata
and destructive, lnjuiing foreign BOW
erS very little in comparison win he
extreme and iiTeparatle injury 70 onr-
serves. They denounced It as r,ca.
sure that originated in mapda,a 20
France. ! am assured that most ifrot
all those WhooppOsed it 2xprcsscd !, III
entire belief that it proceeded from,
Bonapartt and was intended " co-or.,-
ate with hls scheme Of DESTROYING Ri.
fish commerce. Z" 7viH elgf, .n,,Ec
nto7 Z" said Mr. Masters, Nh ho,,}
Of Nah0leot IS in tits ningn-lsr
Randolph and Mr. Elliot consider, h rh4
independence Of the nation gene the
moment the bill passed thev saw the
origin and object Of tie measure. and
expressed their apPrehensions tia, the
time was fast coming when we were 70
be added to Holland, Naples, Wesrnha-
Tia, aSc. to whom Bonaparte has Given
kings. Who knows said Mr. r but
IT this moment the prince regent " the
fu"rc king oF America, WHO u now
pulling in IFS nurses arms, NAV BE-
wthin these wills.
Attempts were made to obtain a.
mcndmcnts to the bill ; among others
to lir1it lis operation to 90 DAYS but
they were negatived by silent muiori-
ty. AS your port Is generally enlhar-
coed about this season u the wear III
the ice, you may not, perhaps feel The
effects Of this measure 50 soon as the
people Of other cities.
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1808-01-11
ONE OF TIE PEOPLE.

Bei:rlnT Hat q 'arge ffobo,is,a of those ,oio
nae, hitherto Sat1oteL ths men gyh,,n No
coiluct re roJtlnnenf, haze Qctca f0nl hon.
& mistaken i.eas ,espfcmg ow y1ry.,
al.te effects Y ria. boIcy re, pursac.-
" p ask, ~ II nor .lHIe 70 5yHtgTa-- jar conf-
a,fcc anu support JJont '1eFr-rg ,yilch INV
tela N iuv1lre ou IN ruin aHt distress lyH
tolsCa7 a Constitution tAtch sacucs NJ yon ne
poTy-r W 4iSb-acW3 Incapable BY unt.Ilhtul
Hcg. 114 haze ectea nlerto IA. ~. ,st i5,l-
P9jtant fees, IvL0 have amaze J.luny th.D1l-
AB promises amt professions. In. Tcc
tcJsolLS march 70 ojfce ,yas acroaiDanir5 by
he bota.ar CD thut he zus tAe friend NJ
the people" ara his 6,uascns ih1neii-
dtc.J iea NJ % sing th- saZletlne-tkcg essen
prLfcss'a nl2re than " n-T4er nssu3y-ci
ne title & " exclusive thirds y ne beo-
Pc" BW HlSthIeto bcdone vi I professions
o. rattle 20 test tier z0o,fSby thier brstc4-
SioHS- We summit the t1l7z,irg renlatfs
jLo'n fde Nc7gCo1f Gasctfe all let any real
JrIoW 10 oW pationai 7-e fare, zph4tevry As
PoIffi'S mag Ne, say u th1Jei IL not 11li.ptan-
dgement some rgfee
The storm which has been 50 long gath
ering, has at length begun "a b,u Il or our
own heads. Instead Of calling forth the
energies and resources Of the country. 10
MAINTAIN our rights from foreign aggression.
our government HIS thought it more t4trigt-
fc Mp declare war against our own citizens
hy laying general Embargo Surely the
majority Who voted for it could not in lis
zviSaoin have at-veriel 10 the dreadful consc-
quences ot putting an entire stop 70 trade
ne effects Of this desperate measure viii
DC soreIy felt BY every man il tie commune
~, but more particularly at this inclement
season by the LABOR1NG CLASSES, who
nhGinS no employ, will want even the neccs-
SarieS OF life. IL Is TO be hoped thei our ~.
leFS VIII make some provision to relieve tbe
general distress and misery which their hate
act must inevitably produce.
considering the presses which trium.
Phahtiy cKult At the measure, the men WHO
carried It n Congress, and the prccipitat,on
W''h "licn It was hurried through 5,G,r,.
the arrival Of Mr.. Mumoe, a stronr an
irresistible presumption arises that some
SINISTER hand dictated The measure NJ
coul' r|men, let Il BE zgcX remembered IL
u oe deebl engraved il your hearts, that thie
EMB AKGO which We shall IN feel u I.:-
~ time Wien we have 10 official author,
ty' that England has put into oterat;on u
ietAAAunS order OF Blockade o. he III.
lrary, her numerous Cruizers make to,,.a.
captures than they have made ~ aIrost III.
'Iher period OF the war-when insut.,,,c.
can pc erected 20 the beLgerent countr;, .
at the low premiums Of } n, Nh. ra-.
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1808-01-11
SI2,soC,C00


Making III the whole the enormous sum
OF SD, 100000 dollars toss yearly, to the cit
i3cns rf The u. States, that they may con
form 10 thu mrAsres ~ a foreign government,
wiu,n tnr same sum would haze enabled
them tp coniinc 70 the Continent of Eu-
rope.
Let it be remembered that this statement
y grounded on the unqualified declaration
Of PRINT, which has waoi MY supported
The measures Of the present administration.
II this measure WAS intended 10 bc i'm
partial, and solely 70 preserve the United
States from war with either Of tie beiiiger-
ents (and we deyoutly wish il may be 50, for
we care Is Ii,tle for Great Britain ~ We 10
for France why was tile non-importation
law confined ID Great Blitain-or, rather.
why was an irritating measure only adopted
towards that power, which BY wal could m
Jure the United States in tcn-fold degree
When will the people Of America per-
cciye the gulph over which they are sus-
pended
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1808-01-11

A writer in the Political Register, prin-
ted at Philadelphia, commenting on Mr.
Jchcrson's determination to retire from of.
fee, says, & The prospect Of an approach
ing War has had a very Sudden and wonder
ful effect upon the nervous system Of this
great philosopher" very justly con
cIudcs his remarks Oh Ills event by observ-
ing, eve have heard Of mans setting
fire to house, and running away by the
light Of the flames"
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1808-01-11
. oCpcrfe fgIGI1e =

CAN any one tell what the Embargo IS
for Yes. q the National Lte!Igcncer,
(Mr. ----, Court paper) may be seen
remarks, said to be from the pen Of Mr.
Alaaiscu, who is held up az candidate tol
the next President III the first place it IS
called "strorg measure, " ":rpcaliaG TO
the patriotism" Of the PEOPLE. II Ne are
not much mistaken, i viii require more
patriotism than even our present humane and
turi9tic rulers possess 10 make even all
Eheir olgH ba,r2n!g relish il.
We are told that q The honest yea! Of all
parties have anticipated and called for tins
act" This assertion is without founda
ton For such declaration as this to e
made in paper published under the imme
diae eye Of Mr.. Jefferson & his associates,
is a gross libel On the American people. 1t
il to force down a principle in politics,
which some enthusiasts advocate i'll ditmi-
y; ulat tie people are willing q Ike Po!it-
cally ruined if il is the will ard pleasure
Of some.
Where is the man or the class Of men
who have +" anticipated" OF " called for
this strange and unacc ountable conduct Of
our rulers il Congress Has the Merchant
" anticipated Or Gallo Cor measure which
will in a few months make him a bankrupt :
Does the Farmer "cali' for law which
reduces the proceeds Of bis hard earnings in
summer, to one half its former price Has
the Mechanic been benefited by an act
which depriyes him y! most Of lis employ
Does tie generous ant hardy oaIlor possess
sufficient patriotism to call that " protection
which fOrbids him to pursue his business,
aAd will compel him TO become an exile
and seek cmp!oy under foreign flag VIII
anv man il his senses say thai lhe laboWer
wis depends on bis daily wages 70 enable
him to feed and clothe his fanilW has called
for that policy, which, il q few DAYS, viii
bring him to want and distress ; All til.
will be the consequence Of the Embargo
How happens it that BonaParte'a decree q
November 1906, intcrdcting AL trade with
England, has been acquiesced in by Mr.. JEFF
f.rson with 50 much meekness and humiHt,
for more than year Why is it supposed
that Great Britain will exercise new inter
tuctions on our trace Is it because she i
NOW seeking our alliance and Friendship
The public are further told that the Embar
70 s called fer as Z measure (. retaliation fol
Portland gazette and Maine advertiser., 1808-01-11
FOR THE GAZETTE.


Ma. Adams,
l could but observe the ludicrous diem
ma OF the Editor Of tic Argus. in his com
pInnents to his patrons, IN the following
passage :-"Gentlcmen who have heretofore
car.cllcd the ATgas with their Communica
tons, are respectfully requested to resume
their pens. Never were greater exertlons
made by the Tories to Iuisrcprescnt the
measures, views and intentions of govern
merit, than at present; and the leisure mo-
ments Of Republican writer's cannot be bet.
Yer employed than in the cause of Patriot
ism"
Nothing IS more natural than for those.
who advocate error and delusion, to be en-
oarrasscd-and when sinking, to call on
their friends for si'tancc.-But Il seems
That their friends have failed. The meas
ureS OF government, have, Of late, been 50