The enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1804-1815, 1807-05-05

| malleable; and ALTO machine for cutting with
great cafe the largeR bar iron, into fuch p,eces
az are required for the various parts of arms
| md It is intended, that machinc to be opera.
ted by this fecond fall Of water, ali be eretle ed
for cutting, with great facility and exattrefs,
| many OF the parts of fnall arms !; By which
means, all fach parts vii! be formed preciGe,y
alike.
The water from Under each of thefe wheels.
is then conveyed By brick tunnels, Glort dr.
lance; where the two ftreams are united, at
the fouth front of the Foundery; and thrown
upon an overfhot water wheel for horiHg and
turning of ordnance. This is the tkird and lafi
operation of the water, which is here difcharg-
cd into the river nearly on a level with the fur
face thereof: So that the two Creams which
operate The works, are not feep in any part of
their pailage from the canal to the river
This establishment was de6gned for the an
nuai manussclure Of about eight thoufand
itands Of arms tor Infantry, with proportionate
number for The Cavalry, by about an hundred
and FIFTY aitficers, but not half that number
are yet employed therein; ALTO proportion.
ate number of field csnnons, and guns for for,i-
hcations. The works are 70 contracted and
arranged, that thofe who fuperintend their ope
ra,ions, may in twenty minutes pats around and
Wilt all the a..ifts in thcr vayious employmen,s,
and the machinery is fuppoled to have been
contributed upon plan as fmple as tuch va
r'ety OF operations would admit; a Rriking in
tancc OF which appears in blowing the bellows
by wafer. Here the working of % bellows re-
Guires but two final cog wheels wore than
thoie which are indifpenfabiy neceiiary for
other operations. and excepting thofr two Cog
wheels, the apparatus for working the bellows
by water, vii! with verv little repairing, lalt
hity years in conitant ure. Tie cheapnrfs,
implicitly and durability of the apparatus ufeti
III this mode OF operation, is greatly inportan,
TO the iuttution. The motioa Of the bellows
~ hrit gwen by crank in each of ithe wings,
attached to the axis of each Of the two cog
wheels al 've-rien,ioned thefe craLks operate
two horizontal iEafts, each Of which is between
an hundred anl forty and an hundred and fifty
feet long, and extend through all the forging
fhoPs in the !aid wings, working crank or lie,
yer over each bellows, and ALTO the large bellows
N the Hammer forses. The grndftoces
lali of which are operated by water) execute
great part of the work ufualy done Ivy rafping
and Hing, which faves comfortable expence In
the article Of files; and to prevent an unnecef.
lazy confumPtion of fuel, valve is placed in
the pipe OF each Of the bellows, 70 that at the
moment the iron becomes efficiently heated
ana is taken from the fire to the anvil, the bel
lows ceaies to operate upon the fire.
lhe manner in which mnget barrels were
formerly bored, is, that the augers or boring
rods were pref1ed or pulled forward through
the barrel. But the thanks or items of fuch
ausers being Of coniderahle length, and con-
h"ed in their ize by the diameter of the cali
Der, cannot be made efficiently tiff to prevent
their bending while puihcd through the barrel
in the act ~f boring; which rendered the boring
with exzttnefs extremely tedious and difficult
10 prevent this inconve nience, the boring rods
or augers in the Mandatory, are drawn thro'
the barrel in place Of being pulled through,
tor the act of pulling the anger through will
keep It ftraight, vixen putting it through in
ciinesi 1t to crook. BY this new method, the
barrels bored with much more cafe, facility.
and truth, chan the former plan. The tit
or cutti"g parts of the au.ers are from l. 9 to
3 inches long, as location may require, and are
formed like common f:rew-aus er reverted,
with two !harp angles for cutting, like that in
itrument. The rod or item of the auger which
Is ot imal!er diameter than the cutting part, is
irlt put through the rough caber of the barrel
IN the fate in which it is received from the hand
ct the torger 1t is then confined in the car.
riage which is 2 ftrong fhailow box moving ho
riZontaliy upon four wheels, on RABBITS made in
two isrone timbers, which conduct the Carriage
traight and iteady, while the operation of bor-
ing is performed. The end of the ITEM is then
attached to a fmall wheel which revolyes about
four hundred times per minute, and the box or
carriage (Which is kept filed with water to
prevent the temper of the boring bits from be-
ing deltroved by The heat produced by friction
IN boring,)is propelled by large iron fcrew,
the motion Of which is Fix revolutions to each
inch OF the barr II, while the motion of the borer
is comfortably above an hundred revolutionsto
the inch.
This method cannot be applied to the ho,ing
of ordaanfe the breach being caf with the
barrel great improDemenfJ however have bee.
made both IN the mode of eating and of bor-
ing cannon. The Foundery and boring works
ct this mandatory are not get ready for osera-
fion, hut it is defigned for eating and boring ac-
cording 10 the newell and mott approved me-
thod, IN the fold mafs. The cafcabel at the
breach of the cannon is to be attached to the
axes OF the water wheel 70 as to revolve with if q,
while the borer (Which does not rcvolye) is
impeled lin HORIZONTAL direction, and in line
with the centre of the caunon,) by heavy
weight tutpended at the end of lever 70 that
by the addition or diminuiion of the weight,
the friction OF boring is iUcreafed or dimnihed
at pleaure. When the boring has been com.
pleted, the cannon is attached to the axis of
another wheel of conIideraby greater velocity,
where its external lurface is turned and pofhed
hmlsr to a column Of wood in the lathe of
turner, after which the touch. hole is drilled ::
the gun is proven and put in order for being
mounted on it's carriage.
IT would BE- tedious and perhaps unintelligi-
BILE without the aid Of drawings, to give com
Dlcte LIeIcriDtion i'm all nj, all d..