The enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1804-1815, 1807-05-12
europe.
FROM THE PARIS ARGUS.
SOME OBSERVATIONS ON POLAND.


tants of the fertile plains waterec, by the ViRu-
la aud Boryfhenes, have furnill!eti feeble ma
tera's tor the dricription Of their country. The
| IaPtu rtSetches or Croraer and Gua, mini are a.
ereeabiy written the iketch equals curfory.
given by Starvollki, is very exact tut ttefc
descriptions are now 60 imperannua,cd, that we
car only make ufe OF them, with great precau-
ton. Sarnicki and Opaienfki appear to have
had more enihusiafm than knowledge, more
efudition than judgment. Celarius, German
author. has given in Latin, well made extract
! or theie authors, and Of many others cot known
cut of Poland. Another German. Erutel, has
drawn up an EXCELLENT phyiiea and utcdcal to-
poFrsphy Of Warfsw. Brfching has ALTO cof-
lectcd other information with that patience and
Judgment for which he is 70 well known bur
it is combined with that dryneis of detail, which
renders it impofbic to read his works. Beii-
des, he has altogether neglected the phyGcal
deicripiion.
| Caroli, Teber and IIaquet, at length made us
acquainted with fome parts of the Polifi mir
| eralogy. The frt of thtfe alone is native Of
the country. 1t is in like manner a German,
Schober, who has given us the bet iefcrip,ioa
extant, Of the mines OF Bochina and Wieli,za,
O! which he was manager. Guet,ard, of the
| academy OF tcences, has freQently been led a.
| fide by his bad method of oblervation, but we
are, however, indebted to him for the only
good general view of Poland. The Prince
Alexander Sapieha has Promiied us another,
| which will no doubt be better. The Poles have
| named to Inc twonew seoGraphers of their coun-
try ; one of Wirufez, the other of Szarkow Xxi
they would do we'll to tranGatc them into
French or Latin. The lat works which have
| appeared on Poland, are thoie OF Snruenfre, the
Pruliian miniaer of finances L4fontaine,
! phyhcian, and Preach refugee Jollner and
| other German travellers.
| 1t is by comparing hefe relations and frveraI
others too Icing to De enumerated in this place,
that / iatter myfelf with dia wing Up a new
! tatement Of PoaHd. / will, iu the nean while,
! fcparate from it fome traits which may, AT the
prefent mo0ent, intereG the political world.
I Buichng calculated that Poland had, before
/ ITS diimemherment. population of eight or
nine millions Of fouls and after the partition
III l77z, at only five fix millions (edit. cf
1871, vol. IL. part Q, page 1910 this he has az
! ferted after the Pob au'h ors who, by fouls,
meant only peafants or erfs.
| The three courts of Vienna, Petersburg and
Perrin, At the me of the tucccfiive partition Of
/ roland, adopted Certain geopr pnIcai uaies, "a.
order TO eRabli!h in their acquih.ions proper
t'on on which they were agreed. T'hefe blfcs
! were pubiithed in the official and fcni-otl.caI
Rusiian aud Pruiiian gszettes; they were ad-
mited INTO works publiihed by the minaers
and fateilncn of thoe nj ons, and followed in
the tax reeiterS for the EX-Polifi provinces IN
conformity to thcGe bates, Ru1id had for her
thare 3.247 iquare leagues and 5,764 Ses in
habItants Auitria 1896 fqulre leagues, and
| 100000 inhabitants; Pruliia 67o7 iGuare
| leagues, aud 2S96,3S9 inhabitants. Thus Po-
land had Before tue year l772, from ii to IL
of inhabitants
But 1t was loon perceived that the three par
| ttIonng courts had given proofs Of no great ex
| acne's, they even enjeavour.d perhaps to de-
teive each other mutually.
huttria Pnoliihed, about three years Gncc. an
oihoiai ceuius, which carried the whole number
L = ffnf ,,E II. =.
wo hundred thoufand mutt be deducted for
| tne bnckowIne, a diitriGt taken from the Turks
| the fet comes from Poland At Vienna. II j.
pretended that this augmentation of the nont;-
iatIon is due to the wiidom of government.
| FFuIha has officially acknowledged populs-
no" OF l'5s7,scO individuals in That part of her
dommlons called Southern PIuf;A inaoad of
| l,i56,9S9 as ftsted in the Dartit;on t,est,,
he other ex Poliih provinces have in ,ik, mar.
ner afforded more inhabitants but,the ce,frs
are not yet exactly known they mpf carr,
| me population OF Poland 10 millions of iuhs-
bitants.
A MATS of the Ruaisn fron,iers. publie,d
WIN the exprefs appreciation of The RnCi,n
government, Contains detail cd note. IRON,
which it appea' that this power gained bl The
hrt PARTITION 1870 $50 fubie6ts by the leco,l
3'14J COS; ny the pretended vnlun arv fnh,nir-
non OF Co"r'and' 3s7.9lo, and by the third
partition, .4o7,fo9 which gives population
Vi 90 fiVJ3 louis for Ruiiian Poland
On iammng up AL the Official data ao1 IN
the accredited climates, ] find thar Poland con.
tanned before the year 1879, a poDulation IF
l4,4s9,5ss individuals.
The Climate Of Poland prefents htikinp Gngr-
llr;iSs. The wiRlers here are fonrtimys n,ore
rigorous than thoie OF Sweden. In 1854, = fud-
den frott bliGhted all the corn, on Whit.Snn.
Gay In the year 974, according TO DlueoGi.
all the rivers were troZrn over from the frrrt.
equinox. The Inhabitants went on hprfrb,rk.
along the frozen Baltic from Dlnfzick to Tn.
eeck' ~ other times, the winter months pre-
Tent the phenomena OF fecOnd vegetation. In
SOS, al Dantzlck, all the rof. trees were fen
N bloom towards the end of o aober; the E rye
thing occurred IN 1885, in the month OF De-.
Ia 669, the uiidneis OF the winter made C,yrr.
al warns ot bees Fly forth. - Kwialowicz. the
hHoHan OF Lhhuania, gives a detailed dc,cr,o.
ton Of the winters Of 14i4 aud Of 1892 under
tue 18th degree of latitude, the 6eius were lee,
covered with daiGes in the month of Ian, tbe
cabbage came TO head the corn mot IN ara
formed ears; the birds warbled their bar'ooni-
Gus notes and built their meas. The month of
March brought back the moa fsvere weatber
In hne'e night the whole riches OF this fo,.
ward iummer were annihHated and in en-.
couris OF the year, exhaufed natrrc vas unabIe
to produce them anew.
n,