The enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1804-1815, 1806-06-27
rkoM THE rHILADEtsulA oAzsrrE.
EXTRACTS FROM THE PAMPHLET.

Entitled, (" dn Enquiry into TIE STATE Of fb. Ma
tion at tbe COMMENCEMENT Of tie pr1suf 0daii-
filtration" London, 1906.
Having .aken a general furvey of the prefcnt Aate
Of enemy, OF his allies, aud OF thoe powers which
arc, upon the whole, friendly to us il may be pro-
per. before concluding this branch Of the fubje,
confider The relations of England with the few pow
crs which have preierved ftria neutrality ia the
prcfent unfortunate CONTEXT, more particularly with
the United States of America-the chief, indeed the
onls considerable nation Of this Description.
Il isthr uniform confequence Of long continued
war between the principal ates of Europe, that the
nations which take no part in the di(putc,
poyej to carry much of the commerce Of the bel
,gerent countries, with the permiGon Of all parties
And that they afo engage in branches of trade which
thofe belgereats with, il poible, TO prohibit. When
France and England, for example, are at war, the
eaitom of,rrivaseering, in general OF permitting
the ve!les Of the Gate capture merchantmen,
ders it dangerous for the EngGh and French traders
a. fail as often during peace and much of the bu
iineis which they ued to carry matt be transfer
Fed to the neutral merchants, the Danes or Ameri-
cans. The interruption Of dirca usereourie
between the belgeren,s, impoes che neeefty of ad-
nitiiug nesa!s the trade which they ufed to
ny together ard TO the trade which each ufed TO
carry on between the other asl their parties. The
adniilion ofneusras to the former branch Of
meree, has ie'dom been objeGfed to, except during
the beat OF nsional animoty, and then the OBJ
jeeiion was drefed, not againa the neutral, but
ga'iitt the other beliieerent The adni!iion OF
trails to the latter brai,eh Of commerce. the carrying
tTaie OF the hellieerent between the other ana
third parties, has been reflritted by certain rules,
tening to prevent the neutral from directly ai1iaing
tSe beigeren in his holile operations Thefe rules
have prohibited the neutral from dealing with the
heligerent, in articles Immediately fubiervient to nil
itary operations they hsvs thence been demo-
MI al ,h,,,n Ip r.far
law, right Of fearchng neutral traders at fca has
been claimed by bellgerent powers, and fon.e
r,arkable occaons, nbmitted to by the government
OF the neutral natinn. None of ,heie points are n,
preent ohiei of dfcuilon. Neither the right of
iearch nor the prohibition of band nor the pow
er Of blockade have for fo:ue time paa bcen called
In queaion But branch of ordinary. connierce has
curing the coarie Of the Preent war, pasd into the
hands Of ncutralA 70 important from its extent, and
founequaily beneficial 70 tie beigerents, from its
being confined chiefly 10 the weoksr party, that a
tpoition has appeared in the councils Of the rong-
er party to dipa'e the neutral right.
In no maritime before the prcfent, has it hap
pen y that the fuperority Of one party was 10 deci-
five TO deprive the other of every chance Of keep
better, her fleets may have gained fgnal advantages
and her cruzers privateers have annoyed the enc
ny's trade But fiu France WAS no, 60 crippled as
To loie all chance of prote Sing her commerce.. She
not 70 completely befst as to view a voyage and
capture ~i,h the fame approximations. Accordingly
her merchants ran the rifk,, which was NOT enor-
inous and continued to freight venels for foreign
ports, or to bring home their en- onal produce with
the chance, bur the certainty of their being ia
hsn. Some part of this commerce fell into the hands
OF neutral traders; fone part carried fraud,I-
ieuty under the OF che neutral flag bu, the r
was efficient make the merchant give mp the
rfc6t Of direa traffic 90 his own account with his
veilels and crews, and flag of his own counry--But
she uilexSn,pied increae of the RAsiif marine, ad
els ainoitto'airuiHo OF the French navy during the
lat and preient wars, have augmented the rG Of
ture to the French trader 70 greatly that he can no
longer undergo it, and mutt be content TO give N,
uc ni ms traffic to ncutrals an, enoeavor to creen
'he. REQ By fapdulent devices The unprecedented
ifngth oil fhe lat war TOO and the renewal Of ho
tes sfr 10 hort m iuterval peace has inereaied
hhl further the 'nducement or rather the nec;tv oe
employing neutral nations, in TIE commerce forra-.
~ carried on by The beigeren, aloae For few wear,
o the priyaton Of certain articles of nece,v
luxury may be sndured--bnt this becomes at enp,b
'nto'erase, and overeonles every reffraint which Ell
Their government or the oprofnp i1terel of traders
can crea'e. fhole traders, ,hemfclves, too. when
war has lated tong gradually fft their caDi,al into
new ohannels, ard withdraw more and more from
thehazardo's ipeculatons, in which, .luriae, thor,
period Of hoiiiy they nigh, be contcn,ed or com.
psiled TO continue. The lines Of employment which
they thus leave, become in COME 7,,enc. one,, N
peutrais, who no" carry the various branches of
foreign trade, from which they were formerly exclu.
died. Thus it happened from the combined efFe De ne
our attonbing naval fuperiority, and the unrrecc.
denied length OF the war;, that aloa ali the foey,
commerce OF FRANCE, and large proportion evci, Of
the coating trade, have fallen ina the hand. Of reu
ordinations, and particularly of the Americans. who
AVE TIE greatet faciitiesof maritime oarraye and
the mot ring rorsniercial fyiiem. Among other
branches oil the French con,nerce now cngroIfed NV
American traders, with the permilliun of both 90.
vernnerts, IS that Of the colonies As their tt.tdA
during peace, vas fuic4l tn the aria .rres of ,b
navigation law common to all t,e maritime noyer,,
of Europe, aparticuiar objection has been tak.n 70
ITS being fudjenly laid open by the enemy RI ncr-
trails during war, for The evident purpnfe of fcreeD,
Ittrom jut hoaiity. Aud this sterferer,ce ,of ,hs
Americans, in order 10 aiiN fueh fchen,r las bee,
fuptoied ipconItent with the relation, Of neu,ral;,S
which their nation profeaes tn maintain $50 :
IL IS in vain the Importers of the bege-ent riobts
contend, thar England enrquers the French n,sri,-
nay, reduces it amoa TO annjhilatinn Her f1irs of
war may he captured, but the commerce Of Fy,oee
'sfale. She nIay declare war when f,e rleaCps :
and ~ithou. hip thai CAP make head 70 our yeah
ell eru1er, The has fare me;Iiod Ola, once prof.A
ing her whole trade, more certdnlyahan i, me had
the entire command Of tire frq,s she has t,,t 10
iulpend her navigation Law, TO admit the Americans
into her colonial and Coating trade, and TO ft ou,
no yeieI for lea qnder Frrueh-c olors The Eryln,
eruizers may dop''neer over the ie1s, and We, tbv
are unable 10 touch ,pn Of Ter trade She ba. mil
ilors floating on the ycaes of neutral nations ;eb