Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1806-02-07

tsa. freely 20 the ports and on the coats OF natl
ems ar var. because as already obierved, the mali
Object of the tre4ty was to settle the question
linyoIycd in the armed neutrality, of which TIL
was primary enc, and is here Plaesdsey tn
jgtructure of the article undertake fame pecIle sl
| pula.ion, with the liability to corfscation ofen
emy's property in neutral ships, point above
all others which Gr.af Britain snluss have Wlihee
TO cooiecrate as the law OF oy deciafatot'
acts fer that purpose.
Ii cannot be pretended that the Deutral rights
here declased do not extend to the colonial al
we'll as coating trade of bcligerent nations, De-
cauic the COLONIAL trade is nor only included In
|" free trade to the part. and on the coats" OF
fueh nations, but becau(e il is sxpfeEly declared
thar the effects belonging 70 neutrais, and tfsni
ported on their account from countries at war,
cannot be expected fron the freedom OF the ncu-
trail flag In any ea1t, and coniequensiy not 4" t6e
cafe Of colonies more than any other Portioa OF
luch countries. Itis NOT improper to remark
that this declaratery ipuiation is not only inelu-
ded in the fame article, which recognized the
prnciple that enemy's property is excepted from
the freedom of the neurra! flag, but is aaociated
with thar recognition in the fame fiction OF the
article, acd even il the fame icntence.
Is it were peGible 10 convert the contribution
heie given TO the treaty, reference nigh, DC
made TO very able ipeech delivered by lord
sGsensilie in the Briufh Houfe OF Lords in Mo-
yem5er, 1901, in which this very contribution
is fully demenerated. The demoaRration IS rem
dered the more ftriking, by the embar!aasd
and feeble oppaG,ion made TO- it by the ingenuity
OF the very aole tpcakers who entered the lift a
gainR him. 49,. :.
Such is The ACCUMULATED and irreGaibls testi-
mony borne by Great Britain, in her own trea
,ies, againa the doctrine aderted by her.
+ vii, be 10 order now TO refume the notice Of
treaties to which Che was not apa'ry, but which
authorize fome interenccs and obieryatons contsi-
outing fill further, if paEble, to inyalida.e her
novel pretenGons.
The review heretofore taken OF this clals Of
treaties was limited to fueh proceeded the arm
ed neutrality. Thole now to be added, are prn.
cipally the treaties and conventions entered into
in the years $50 and ISeo.
The treaties of 1880, declare the right OF
aeutra's in the cafe under difcufion, in the fol-
low terms "3Tha, all vedels fhsil be permitted
TO navigate from port toport, and on the COATS
oil the belgent powers" Ihoie OF 1900, are
in terms TOO little varied TO require recital.
Il has never been sueaioned, that thesc def.
nitiors of the neutral right were as applicable TO
colonies as to any otheref the territories belong
ing to beIligent nation. Ali the Bfitiih writer's
have. 70 undetaood the text, and in that tcnte,
have employ ed their pens sgainf liz,
II needs fcayceiy be remarked that the treaties
in queRion werc framed with view, not OF max.
zap rew law OF nations, bot OF declaring and
afferting the law as it actually food. The pre-
ambl. 70 the convention OF 1900, for the re es,
,ablifhmen, of an armed neutrality between Rut-
fla and Sweden, explains the object IN the terms
following In order that the freedom OF nav'.
patton and the iteurity of merchandise OF the neu.
trail powers may be sfabli!hed, and the principles
of the law of natiors be fully atesrtaiH<d, &C."
The preamble to the convention OF 1850,
Gates the principles avowed by the parties to be
g the b,iseibles derived from teprimitiye aig6ts
Of nations"
The treaty Of 1880 was originally concluded
be,wesn Ruilia and Denmark. But it was &C.
coded to by Sweden, Pufia, the Uaited Fro.
yincei. Astria, Portugal and Naples and IN
effect, by. France ana opaih. nc Piihe,pe. =,
the treaty had the fanttion aio OF the .Uoited
States of America in their c'uziHg ordinances
Tins il IS fcenthat with the exception OF Great.
Britain alone, all the powers of Europe materi'
ally interefcd 10 the maritime law OF nations
have given a recent and repeated ianet,ao to the
r;ohr Of neutrals to trade freely with every part
&c the countries at war. Ard althou sh.ievcfal
If ,hofe nations have, on lomc of tie points con-
,a;oed in ,he(e treaties, as on the points OF con.
traband and enemies property under neu!fa Rags
entered fincc iato advert. aipulsions; not enc
Of them has by treaty or o.hsrwife relnqu'ihtee
he particular right under confederation, win't
Great Britain, as we have feen ii her tfea;l
with Rufsia, has hsslclf expressly aecsded TO tn
right. Go be easfi1atas7
MESSAGE
| 49,, ~ President af the United State