The enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1804-1815, 1806-05-20

indignity as we have 10 long fuffered.
The objects of negotiation, between Mr..
Monroe and the Brtiih minilry are 70 various,
complex and important, that we fhall for 4 long
time learn nothing but conieetures of the pro5a-
BILE rciult, founded on the progreiiive deveope-
ment of Brtiih views, principles and concef1-
ons.N The trade, carried on by Americans be
tween the colonies of France, Spain, and Hol-
land, and the mother countries, and the mpreii-
ment of American feamen, were the principal
iuhjects, heretofore under dfcuflion-0ur trade
with the EAT and Wef-India poiIcilions of c..
Britain, is we believe, the fubjeet in negoci-
alton. On all thefe points, there is ample room
for iHvettgation and deliberaton, aud ,hefe
could never have been conducted at a moment
more favorable to the intereit of the u. S.
| We find, in tn e London Morning Chronicle
OF the Sd March, thefollowing ntereaing article;
1t is the iubfance of the remembrance prefrnted
by Mr.. Monroe:
=" The remembrance prefented by Mr.. Monroe to
this government itates, that he had atered hinfef
he ihoald have had early anwer to his former re-
monttrance. But the fubjea, he fays, has become
the more important, by the continuance OF the fame
policy, and the frequent feizures which are ft made
OF American velIes places him in nate of great ref
Ponhbility. He adds, that the more he reflects on
the iubeet the he is convinced it is contrary to
the undertood law OF nations and equally repugnant
TO the agreement between the two governments in
reiped to the commerce in que;fion.
BY the law OF nations, fetted by the mot appro-
we'd authors, no other reltraint is acknowledged on
the trade OF neutral nations, with thole at war than
that it fha be impartial between the latter that il
ihail not extend to articles deemed contraband of
war nor to the transportation of perlons in military
erviee; nor to places actually blockaded or beeiged
Every other commerce of nentral with bellgeren,
is lawful, and every other reitrant by begeren OH
neutral unlawful
he tpfr ,L,r 4 C
circumstances which conititute blockade The
belt authorities have united in combining the irlt to
iuch articles as are uied in and applicable to
military purPofes; and require confitute the lat
ter the dPoiition offuch force conifing of hati-
onary hipsfo near the port, make it dangerous
Tor the Hips of neutral power to enter it.
The vefiels condemned were engaged i'm a COM
nerce between the United States and fome port in
Europe, or between thoie fates and the Weit-India
Aands, belonging to the enemies of Great Britain
III 'he european voyage, the cargo confited of the
production OF the colonies. In the voyage to the
Weit-lndies, it coniGed of the goods of the pow
er TO which the colony belonged and to which the
mp was defined. The fhip and cargo in every cafe,
were the property of American citizens; and the
cargo had been landed and the duty on il paid
IN the United States. 1t was decided that thefe
voyages were continuous, and the cargoes were con-
denned on the principle, that the commerce was lille
gal.
iheie fixtures are incompatible with the law of
nations as above tated; they involve no queiti-
ons OF contraband blockade On what primo
pie then can theie fixtures be defended On prip
eipies laid down in ferries of orders iiIued bv tbe
brtiih government in 1898, 1894, 1898. By the
NIT OF thee orders, all commerce between neutras
and enemys colonies is forbidden, though the other
orders afterwards little relax this rule In fup
port OF thoe orders it has been urged, that as CO.
loniai trade is iyitem of monopoly in peace, neu-
haya L.
time OF war, and that belligerents may interdi IT,
although allowed by the parent country. But does
II follow, becauie parent country in time of peace
monopolizes the whole trade of its COLONY, that
IN time OF war it has right to regulate it at
all on the contrary, that that right pafes to the
oeiigerent.-lt this doctrine found, it would
certainly efabliih new and angular mode of To-
ling and acquiring rights. But are not in every
tate the colonies part of her domain, and do they
not continue 10 until they are fevered by con-
queit The right of regulating trade refs in the
Rate over Its whole territory and no diltin9iou
can be taken in reaion between different parts of the
arne ftate But neutrals have right to trade with
III as ample an extent as the mother country
VIII allow IT. The right depends not on the chance
OF war, nor on the will of the belligerent Ifthe or
ders OF the Brith government alluded to contain the
known law OF nations there would have been no oc-
Gallon Tor any OF them, nor could they have varied
from each other, IT. the in which they do 70
vary. now, lays he, proceed TO thew that the |
deeilons are contrary the agreement between the
two governments this fubieGf BY the order of
November 1898, fome hundred American veGels |
were carried into port and condemned. Thofe fei- |
cures were fubmitted to comm1ioners who conden, |
ned them and awarded compenflrions, which Great
britain has honorably paid. 1t is impoible not to
conider what paied that location, but as an adj
utment OF the Preient principle, and until the cafe
oil the Eiex, not American vee engaged in this
commerce had been condemned although frequently
met with by the Brtifh "ri;-ers. In RobinfoDs re-
ports page 36s, it is clearly eRablied by the learned
Judge OF the admiralty, that American has right
to import the produce of enemy's colony into the
United States, and to fend il afterwards for the qe
neral commerce OF Europe; and that the landing of
the goods in the United States and paying the duties
Mould preclude all further que0on upon the voyage
Lord Hawkefbury afterwards, in a communicate
on OF the It'll OF April, expressly flated the fame
thng-that the produce of the colonies might legal
~ be imported into the United States and from thence
nfo the mother counry and thus the produce of the
colonies and the manufactures of the mother country
might find their way to each other by this crcuitons
route. He complains, chat after this understanding
between the two countries, that this opinion Iloud
be departed from in the cafe Of the Eex which ferv
ed as fgnal for the Brh cruizers, and that fince
that time above fifty American hips engaged in this
commerce, have been carried into Briti ports andar
detained He complains, that Britain gave no init
nation OF an intention change her conduit on thefe
Points.-Fie adds, that he makes this communication
in hopes of friendly adjuament, not only on this
iubJett, but alto the other, of mprelTnp Ameri-