The enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1804-1815, 1806-01-30

Peaieu 10 the declaratory treaty OF 1878, which
laid nothing as to times of peace. This admit.
ting no reply, the Engli1i found no refuge bu,
in the pretext, that the Dutch vefIsIs, being
engaged in the colonial trade were therefore to
he eonyfaered as French ye6cLs. Such was the
birth Gays our author) of this fpurious prnci-
pie.
Being avowed on the part of the government
it found its way into the courts oe admiralty.
at firft it anumed model and lcfs obnoxious
appearance; and no neutral 1eDeLs were con-
demned but upon the prefump,i IN or rather
| The fcfion that they were French veliels. Time,
| however, foon developed the other fhapes and
| uies of which this 6eNigerrnt innovation was
| fufceptble, for the accomplishment of eom,aey-
eiai purpofes. In the progrefs of the war of
1855, French w. India produce conveyed byneu-
| trails from aSpanifh neutralport was condemned
on the pretext that the Intervention of the neutral
port was fraudulent ovation of the rule which
condemned the trade with French port
There is fome obfcnrity, it mutt be owned.
a. to the principle on which neutral trade
with the French colonies was condemned after
the difcontnuance of fpecial licences; it being
fometimes 0atcd in the arguments referring to
that period, that the condemnation was found
ed on the principle, that the trade was 1irtuaHy
or adopti1,eir French trade; and fometmes.
that it was founded on the general principle,
that 1t was trade not open in time ofpeaee.
Certain it is, that the original principle was
that of a z'irtmai adoption, that principle being
concentrate with the original location and
| that as foon as this original principle was
| found inefficient to reach the 0ezv occafons, a
itrong tendency was feen towards a variation
of the principle in order to bring the new occa-
| fions within its reach" 1t is remarkable too
| that during this war, The Engliih never appli
ed it to the coating trade, and that they them
felves were trading by flags of truce, both di-
reetly with the French Hands and indirectly
with the Spani(i port, at the very time when
they were thus conhicating the property of
neutrals.
! Having thus traced the birth of the princi-
ciple, our author proceeds to fhow that du-
ring the French war of 1878, the Britifh them
ielves conceded that it was during that period
iuipcnded h: on the contrary proves that it
was absolutely abandoned. Our author fbows
that during the war of 1898, which the pecu.
liar and threatening complexion of the French
revolution had made extremely popular on the
noe OF England, they commenced the meit at
Itonlhing feries OF Entertainments upon neutral
rights. She hrt iniereiitted all neutral fun
plies of provifons to France, with view to
produce fubmiflion by famine. The next ex-
pertinent of depreciation was directed aeainft
the commerce carried on with the pofic lIions
of France in the Wet Indies. By ferries of
Iinfrnetons i1ued by the Britifh council to its
Icruiters, for particular ltaternent of which
we matt refer to our author, & particularly from
the lat he proves that it was the intention of
the Britiih cabinet to employ this bc!lgerent
principle not as a mere ,iebt of quar-, bur as
a pretext FOR arrefting the increafing CARRYING
trade of the United States, which fiIpplicd all
parts OF Europe, with the produce of the w.
Indies and without affording to G. Britain any
of the profits of an entrepot. He fhows that
the commercial policy for which fhc employs her
new beNigerenf principle is the more apparent
from two other fubfdiary pretenlions. The
object OF drawing through her own ware
honies and contingencies, the colonial trade
of her enemies, on its way from the w. Indies
to the other countries of Europe, being coun-
teractsd by the exteniive intercourse between
the U. States and thofe colonies, and by the
transportation from the u. States of the i'm
ported fnrpus of colonial produce, the pro.
lect was adopted of forcing this trade directly
from the w. Indies to, and through c. Britain.
ut: by checking the w. Iniia importations
INTO the u. States, and thereby efening the
!urplus for re-exportation; 81. by embarralfinc
the re-cxportaton from the u S.
" In order to check imporiatious, the nrin.
cipie is advanced, that the omzvard and the
return voyage are to be regarded as forming
bat a .FngA Ueyase; and conf quently, if vef-
felis found with an innocent cargo on board.
but on her return rom hottie port, her out-
ward cargo to which, was as contraband of
war fuhjeet to capture, the vefTel is thereby
rendered Liable to capture, and the chance for
capture, by that means, doubled" Our au-
thor proves that this was principle not for
merry maintained bv G.. Britain and he enters
into mott beautiful and fyftematic detail of
the fucceihve uiurpations which have been
made by her courts, for the compleat etab-
liihment of the doctrine.
The /scond pretenlion fbiidiary to the COM
msreinf policy of in0ructous, cloathed with
the language of belligerent rights, is that OF
IfubJectingto capture, colonial produce re-cx-
ported from aneutral country, to countries to
which direct transportation from the colonies
by vefieIs of the re-exportng country has been
difallowed by Brtilh regulations. The effea
of this .pretenfion evidently is, to check peu.
trail nations, particularly the u. States, in the
circnitouS transportation of w. India produce ;
and in the fame proportion to force the trade
into channels terminating in Britit ports" I,
is this important principle which the reader
viii recollect now in a coutf- of negotiate
an between our own and the Britifl government
Our author clearly proves, that prior to the
war of 1856, no trace of any fuch pretenior
is to be difcovered that during the war O,
1878, it was kept out of fight that for the
hfit fix years of the war of 1893 it was not re
viyed. and th at the fri exce1t;o,. ...l.:-L