davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1806-05-01
AN AMERICAN.
NINETEENTH APRIL.
"Tb.s d.zy is falle4 the teqR IF C'Ipia. F."

- j u
SHAKESPEARE,
This is the anniversary of the memara.
biz day, On which the geaius of Amerlca
rose tremendous from the blood stained
field Of Lexington, and hurled defiance TO
the veteran batsalions Of monarch whom
the Hancocks, the Adams. and JeRrreons
Of that day publicly called saeir lazvtM 50.
Seycign !" who came to enforce, at the point
of the bayone,, the prin~iPle OF taxation
without the consent of the people, The
tax demanded was bu, three penny affair:
but the principle was considered as big with
rsia. 1t was successfully resisted. by
people destitute Of an established govern,
n,ent, Of military knowledge, Of armies,
and of navies; limited in resources, and
checked by the habits of loyalty. and g
sense of allegiance at moment 100, when
the flower of disciplined army was 10 fhe
bosom OF their csuntv; possessed OF all
human and ostensiee mears of compelling
admission !; and stimulated BY asenss of
duty 10 their monarch, and of Indignation
against insurgents, TO gueh the spirit Of re.
volr. Under these immense disadvantages
America fough, and conquered! The spirit
of liberty, and Of union, was sxhslcd from
the blood of her sons who fell at Lexington,
and was inspired BY all her children! Vr-
tue and talent assumed their natural station;
and honest unskilfulaess submitted 10 be
led. The asp who achieved the victory
Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1806-05-01

a,sv safely trust The consequences 70
a,-.,,;en of Heaven. Ii IS a sound
v;rn TIA; tits better endure the great.
:, ,aooayeriencrs ana evils, than suolnlt
re;tera,ed wrongs aod insults. we nave.
8 .,ts-,ra repeated wrongs. The measure
a fore Us IS unsuitable upsn every PrlnciplSs
6 the law OF nature, or OF nations; y IS
-. NECESSARY then TO enquire whether 1t
i wise AMI poiatic to adopt Z 'nits present
Horm.
& 10 this enquiry all opr discretion. all our
&sisdom, aud all our patriotism, nnfsttercd
q IL prejudice or paruailty. should be called
r. onr aid. Will the measure re.act up.
81 : Crest Britain so asto induce her 70 re.
81 no,;sh her unjust claim 10 the capture OF
- china. aud release OF our seamen, or
lin II not? Or will It produce a re.scuon
81 ron ourselves which viii BE- felt most sen.
siOly by our ei.izens aud By eur govern
Aments These are the important aud the
|bnly questions which We have 10 consider ];
,.a,d ,t Is our duty 10 consider them fully
ssyi,h ali their bearings aud tendencies. 1
y onfess ana not withoas donbts on the
sublecs. That il will give US some shock,
ssnaot nationally be questioned. Our re-
Senue will doubtless be affected la some
degree, andlis clear amount dlmiaishea,
=. least for a time. iuconyenencess will
arise from the want of some of those ar
4isles of consumptlon which habit has rem
S3ered agreeable and useful. But these
i gils may aud will be cheerfuty borne If
K,hey will tend to produce great national
Sceod. aud free our commercc from those
Ssniurfes whichit has and continues 70 sas-
saain froal the depreda,ons OF Great Britain.
|lf the manufactures OF that nation are SO
;mponantto her prosperity and strength as
some OF our wisest and best iEformed
statesmen have represented. she will, she
must yield 10 our equitable demand, or
sbring upon herself an accumulated weight
.4f distress.
81 CIR. Elmsr's speech to be continued }
Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1806-05-01

censecrased It's irnsks 70
their country; and fnlsj
Wash!ng.on, aad the irk
ton, to dispense In peaeN
which he had acquired for thsi
dom and valsr. why then, III
syEsTY FIVE, dos, thonnor "foussN &
and stand a tip,oe, WHEN this day is.
ed r. Why dost thou FOL tsas, Thy irenaN
aud say viii, exulraIion, this day we fouehs>
at Lexington Whence soiaief, the sadness
which clouds thy tursNwed ,isasc? The
tear which giistens il Thy faded eye? I'm.
{ happyNsatrior!! Thou hast reserved intslii.
gencc of recent evohts, disclosed bv one
Of thy national rulers, which blight Thy fond
fcxpecta.ions I by country, tuli IF resour-
ce., with a doubled spepula,ion, and ma.
.,ionsl governments, has Become tributarvto
france! She has obeyed ,he first manGats
'of 3 foreign military dsspet," has paid
TWO MtLLIONSo Of dollars as the frst
indication Of her vaiantafy and ahjsct re.
nuncia,ion Of ;he principle for which thy
LAFE was exposed? The consultations of
thy old age are blasted! The fopsr 81 thy
tonniry has passed away The talents
: which adorn,l asd fhe integrity which alone
could save 1t, are obj@c,s OF suspicion and
repreach and are pursued sycalursDy iBto
The retirement OF private lite. The friends
OF Washington are principally h5hished from
the public councils, AID thair influence is
transferred TO the haaes Of leno; an and or.
e'rsr, men 10 ille orators of connsy courts,
aod town Meeting DISCLAIMERS. Bling QUE
thy PURGE, old seldler! Tie Pi,taner which
thou thooGht vas fsseaed from b, eppres<
sion OF British innos,s, belongs 10 the en-.
pefes. of France. Iherfsst paym VIII
not exhsus, The cont>a,s; hut your chill
dren will probably have little slsf. Alas,
old soldier, i, is plain Thy shear. is not in
glse to keepthe "Fsast ef tcfistin"
Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1806-05-01

will assume the command Of the squadron
on that station. ~
Captain SteSvaytis TO have the command
OF the Chesapeake, and orders have been
or soon willbe issued to him to rspairto
Washington.
The 1upisian minister & bis sui.will, Is
is said, return in this ffigate. We under
stand he is previously 10 visit Baltimore,
Philadelphia, New.York and Boston, aud
chat the Chesapeake VIII touch a. isossoa
ytor him.
Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1806-05-01
Public Sale,
April 70.

PURSUANT 60 deed of trsil from Walter S. AleS-
andsr aud Caherise his wife to The fubferiber 'of
securing the payment Of Cog dcars SO cents and inter-
eft Andrew Schslela and eoiapany, and the fuT-
thr fan, Of s8I dollars cents, and lnters unto 1edts
ard and Thomas Cooke, will be.snM the prerni!es
{, the highe Bidder iI ready rcaly On Tuesday The
the siYt day of May nezt, undivided nciety OF
tra or parcel Of lard, lying and being on Potomac n
yer in the eou.ty # Fairfax ard aste Of vgnia cen:
tanning 40 acres, sHd sdinhg the 'snas g Gsnsss'
Ihoa,pic Maf6HR Apgof,ae ]. Smith and Tob,as
7raro;fanr about seven nliies ircnl Aexandre~Ibe
"a: to somneree Erses.y elocf of that 5ay,
G. DLNEALEs Tfhfee.
April eo'5
Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1806-05-01
PUBLIC, SALE.

By virtue Of deed Of tsuit ffona
lmes Daydfon to tic fubieriscr, 70 lecurc tt.
payment of FINN of money from The faid James
Davdfon TO Daniel Spahsler and Samo.l spang-
Ter, will be expoftd to !a.r, az public auctions
for ready money, upon ths .Prec,iies, on WE'D
NESDAY, the twenty ehth day Of May next
LOT of GROUND, lying 'upon the iou,h
fde of prihce Rfcei ard 10 sbc weaward Of Wa
ter Erect, in the town Of A!exandtis, fronting
upon Prince Erect 20 feet inches. ard extend
ing back IS feet s inches---upon which there 10
erected TWO aory Frame Houle.
George McMunn.
May1o eodf
Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1806-05-01
Fre1h Fruit.

T Fl q M AS 81 N NJ s,
Has JIM ,feei0td, per fbe !0te ar'av0h.
a few boxes Oranges and Lemons.
Eoglifn Walruts in frails.
shad and Ecrrngs, pus UP particularly for
family ulc.
A few hundred baihes of Seed Potatoes,
Il " d,
a general afortuent Of Groceries as
uiual.
April 7S. eostN
Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1806-05-01
alexandria Dsap acl,srs;gar.
THURSDAY, May I.
Extract Of letter f,om NeuO 1erA, dated
the goth uh.

the goth ul.
aThe British friga,es Leander and Cam.
brian arrived of this porn on Wednesday,
ion Thursday were joined by the Driver
! sloop Of war they have sent several YES,
sells TO Halifax, bound both from and to this
port: Yesterday sloop from Brandywine
(Del. was fred at by the Lsander, and a
man was killed; the particulars are these .
the capsaia of the sloop thinking as she was
only coaster they would no, trouble him,
ne weat near, and the Leaader fred a shot
to bring her too: whsn the captain found
it was their inscation to bring him too he
told his brother to pu, the helm about, in
orderlto bring TOO along side, which he was
doing when they fred ane,her shot; this
struck him on the throat, and insanity
z killed him. ''fe day there was boat going
down TO the frigates with provisions, which
whea tAe mayor heard, he ordered two pilot
boats to-bs armed, manned, and sen, after
her: this was done, and they overlook her
before she reached the frigatss, and bre't
her back !: the provisions were carried up
TO the aims h use, with the English colors
before, and the American celers over them !:
they afterwards burnt the English colors.
There is to be general meeting of the 10.
1abitanss this evening 10 take proper steps
about Immediately terrifying the harbor."
"A letter from the captain OF Boston
ship at Leghsrn, datec ian IL says !:
ST that CA sailing Irona RosseR, he was great
" alarmed by tbs reports Of the hostile
conduct Of the British towaria American
vessels; ba, thas he was greatly and agree.
ably disappointed BY fading himself, as an
American from Boston for Leghorn, uni
fsrmly treated with the greatest politeness,
the examinations BY tke boarding othcers
being of the sHshtes, kind, aud they ex.
erting themselves to ahridge the time as
mich as possible, which the vesse! was &c.
tanned. He was boarded from 6 or Bsl-
fish vessels at different times, from ship
Of the line down TO a governments brig and
tell in with adm. Collingwood's feet,
and received the same treatment among
them.
Charles Stewart, Isaac Hin, aud Isaac
Chauncey, esgs, are promoted to the. rank
efcapsains in the navy Of the u. States
Commadore Rogers, having applied to
the secretary of the navy for permissonio
return tathe United States. has obtained
il. He is to be succeeded by captain fares
Barren, who will go out in the Chssa.
peaks, and who when 10 the sdiserranssp
Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1806-05-01
BALTIMORE, April rs.

81 Arrived, nip William Mutdock, Jeraad, So
Nays from London. March g, 10 lat. 80, loag !.
E4s, II, ipoks lhip Cemberlain, IA days from
New Y ork for AmaeIian. a5rt, lat. 40, long.
~, thtp Uaited States. from New Oficans tor
Eiyerpoo. April II, lar. 81, So long. So,
'ship lane, from BsuIaeaux, for Philadelphia. -
1glt, LAT. So. ong. 70. chip Baltimore, Long,
Ss6ur Baltimore, for Caicutta.
ssAHe, fhip Olive, Richrrds, 81 days from
II .iverpool. March % of the Wehsfn Hands,
xpoke (hip Six Sitters, Aulds ~ days from Cork
{ &of Baltimore. !,
Alfo, brig Henry, Allen, "a days from Point
fTeffe tGsad.) Spoke nothing on the pa6age. (
M ALTO, f.hooner Lavatsr, Stafford. ~ days
( ron St, Pieues, MATT via Totaa. Left at
I ST. Pieues, brig Three Brothers, Fitch, Of Bal.
\ sinore. On the coat iPokc brig Ohio, day
ftapn New Yofk,afor Jamaica.
Alto, Swcdifh fchooner Aurora, 4obinfan, 35
dsys from ST. Bartholomew and io from Ber
mnda. 1
Alfo,sfehoonec Brutus, Trassn, days from
Eermuda. {
s. ALTO, brig Alliance, Martin, il days from
fiaysna. Left there, April IA, chips Tyre,
y Mashewlon, uncertain brig ]auo, F'lisbrown,
xfcr Salem, ina days: Roma!us 'M'Dsnald, N.
Yerk, in IS days: flip New,Gaide, Howard
sN. York, in 2 days; sch'r Hiliard, do days !;
Azpba ana RUDY, DadwelI, to sail in;4 day $
fpr ST. Croix, TO lead; brig Polly and Nancy !.
Barns, tor Baltimore, ing or & dyS; sch'r A /
\ micps, Jackfan, N. YORK. > days; brig Vigil
,,s(kas. Howard. ,Baacu, sailed I3th; SELF Sal
r, Martha, Baltimore, >sevsn DAYS Anity
Baitsliier PhiIadelph q, 8 days; brig Sinilax,.
Remington, Go. 4 day,s; Susanua, Riley, dc. !:
n days; brig Retffy and Peggy. Mtdin, GO A..
lays brig -, Olcott N. Y TX, : DAYS;
ehr. Viper, Steel, for Pnladelphia, failed j ,th
sailed IN co. sch'r Commerce, Herbert, to,:
${Eew York. Frovifons Of every descrp s1n low ::
locr eight dollars. fdm. beef Q 70 o 90.
Butte Is. Lsrd I3. Tha Spao;fh "a thai had.
W iiied ttomHaYana, returned again int 60 t. hay.
nog deicrisd an Eagi sh ftfea,c cruz ng off.
3heie.
Alo' schF. Cathari E, Hntcains, IS days
B ron foit Royal lNat.) Left ,hesc, brig Bel.
80 omlth, OF Portsmouth,, to sail in DAYS;
FNancy, Hitchcock, Newb.rn, q days: Far.
q 10Y utter, Portland, IS days; hip Hunt.
81, 80 o. lonniD8en, for New York, in IL days
&t s'IoaS, Newnatyport, IN IS DAYS
nns Latte John, Barer, OF Bottom. April g.
~ TAT ls' long. Ga, AZ, Was BOARDED bv p7i.
# .a's'r GnieF Fteuch coiors who tack the CAP.
is'a ano papers on board and after overl,au}ns
'as papers. and breaking open irveral l.uers. ore
~ We''n was for MIR. Luke Tiernaa, .np,her
- sa,aoei Sylveasr, Of Bsl,imere, and Others
& p'"on aHa New Haven distniEea us.
'5<s&a also, bfir IoeDh P4,,l II H.. =.
81 ~ 70 eape Henry. Sailed on the 10Th
< ~ T''n o1i2 Hiram. Moray, for Providence,
, al,aa.} Left there nip Cicero, Parker, lor
,so.pa'a' nSdays; btis Lucy, Hughes, Of
.ai Hoop Mary, ditfa, with a cargo OF
'*'. iron 1Re coat Of Guinea. ijul suiY,
Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1806-05-01
6An Al-A~a~,>1
= q aep/ee 4
No<IereL
kdkT /fz~ Pee.
81 Aaz,Ee-- =
LaELA -

and Mary, Israel, from jacn.ei, Tor Philadelphia,
,hyn III co. which The priyasecr took, and put
raptain.I, and II men 90 board the Sally. Saw
a northern bpnt schooner aifQfe on Ssal.Key,
Bahama banks.
Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1806-05-01
PETER WISE, Jun,
Ofsrs far Sale, at Ii, Sfore in Fa;,1es' G,sets
A general afIortn7ent Of Drugs
and Patent Medicines:

Il L S Q,
Mace, Nutmegs, Cloves, Gaia,
TlaR Oil, by the pox,
Superior quality Salad Oil, by the haske: or
bottle, Salt petre, refined,
Thirty Bo&ss .fya quality SEGARS,
and fifty gf }ecoud.
"fT He will take Young Man IA or s
years ole, Of good connections, to lesep the
1Araggjes' buhnefs.
April q. div
Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1806-05-01
ditto, ditto, will assume the command Of the squadron

ditto, ditto
ipoke nothing
b lays frcm
sys from Trii.
Ann, Maion,
lett, Of ditto.
Jas BOARDED by
{ BRIG kopers
Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1806-01-11

I;gM tac, ard in sayor ST Tx tyadgt, n,
Fheaeroers;l hoeetl' we'll. IN ,he dsc:,.o,. :. i
wsfc o. in iayof Of tic ge,o:g, qnt abe, W. !,
oyi~ea.y OF The rncn csuade:a aadino ~, w
good men, irch as s;nihr, I. Clay, ca, S,.s,
and A!Aon, .saiost tbs ,trast. On II. n.'
as much as o,.elay vas tpei., in tfis uno.,.s
debate, about paying a lev nund:ed !a,s
Thus the dcnaters econom,ze, 10 nsshe n.
pie pay them about 400 doIists to dcfh.,.s
whether OR not few hundred dollars Alsl.b. y,
to thofe wicked looking creatures called Imts
And hence, FAY, "whilc we have land - Y
lour," iome men are not entitled to lea,s vh..
though wiidom ought, lhe now aboundc,h 70,
But, Friend Relf. l turn from Asa
]. Clay, one Stanford and Smile, 10 M.
pleasing objects. The Indians. Of viii,
there are delegations from ,rn tribes OH.
Missouri and Mississippi; also large d
legation from the Chickessws this day yiy
ted the H.R The Chickssaws were dressed
nearly in our manner, and appear to be 4
most civilized. Several of them VII,
bo5uiserea hair !; which argueth that tf,,|
begin 10 have little taste; little gooaf,|
nothing taste. The other Indians v.,.
dressed much ir the Indian savage stjls
They coptiaaed about an hour in the urd.,
gallery, and attracted more attention ths,
:. Clay, Smile, Aston, orone STANFORD
No particular respec, was paid to thsm5,
the speaker; but when they went into h,
senate room they were formally introduce!
by the Indian siceroy Of the war depss
ment.
The president Of the senate elescenda
from his seat; and senators and indians,
with and without the assistance of ialsr
prefers, amused themselves in the noisy
tumble of confused confabulation, and II
afeetionately grasping each others hand
This was s. delicate mixture of SEM,
ment and sensatiou," as the president oa.
defined looe, in his notes on Virgin,
where he accuses the negroes of having i
monstonous black all over their faces, 40!
of not being 8 ardent for the femal=, ik|
the whites" Not thereby meaning hin|
self.
Good night, friend Relf: the wear died
apace so do we, Soon, soon sour ssa
sibly warm motion will become kneed'l
clay"-ere which, however, may we BOIL
enjoy many happy new years.-lhlne'
Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1806-01-11
Foreign Intelligence
LONDON. Nov. "a.

The following paragraph apPea'eo
the Kentlsh Courier of Tuesday :,
{" At aiate hour last night we reesTa
intelligence that the Cape of Good hCP
had surrendered to the English, togsHa
with six sail of French and Dutch ships y
the line, which were in the harbour. 3,
1t is suGicien, to remark Oh this insen
gence, that it has not been received al @
India house where the official details lfol
that qaurter are not expected,in tact oei''
the end of December.
Letters from officers in Germany n'p
ton, that Bonaparte was farlous, I m
reading before Ulm a dispatch from Dp
roc at Berlin, and said in the presence y
his staff officers. I" shall soon leacan
brother Frederick, in his own caPhS, \
use our language" They do NOT dou6'o.
that Bonaparte, If he can command aF'.'
in the South of Germany, will marrow
wards the north already held out 10 "
French soldiers as an European peru'Hoa|
the treasures collected during a long n''I
tra!isy.
Important State paper. 81
Proclamation Of the Emperor OF Au'~'
Francis II. Elective emperor OF tnsn
mans, Hereditary Emperor OF Au'u'
Sc.
The Emperor of France has eompsD'
me to take W arms. =
"To his ardent desire OF military.
chievmepts, his passion to be recordSo
history under the title of Corqusr.
the limits Of France, already so ma'ns y,
larged, and defined by sacred treaties II
appear too narrow he wishes to uns
his own hands all the ties upon which,
peuds the balance of Europe. The an
fruits Observation-Disclosures, everyspscl'' ;,
happiness which nation can ENJOY
WHICH results from peace and eonsv' II
every thing which even by himself :"
sovereign of great and civilized p.'b
must be held dear and estimable, Is~ ,sa
destroyed by war of conquest !; anu %, ,oa.
the greater part OF Europe Is 10 w ,dss
PEELED to submit to the laws and MAUI
Of France. ;, ~, N
"This project announces all thai .n,s,,
emperor of France has performed, ~" n,Opo'
ened or promised. He respects no rr,r sa,]
si,ion which reminds him Of the u, he q,
prescribed by the law of nations IS, oblg'
credness of treaties, and the iirs: =. iol.
tons which are due towards toreg IA. h
pendent states. At the very ''Hs '''
The enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1804-1815, 1806-06-24
Scat Of G5uhsrnlnent.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,.
SATURDAY. March 90.
DEE ITE
On The GEORGIA CLAIMS.
May IS.

ne bill from the Senate entitled " an act re-
gulatlng the grf'nts of land, aud providing for
the difpofal of the lands of the IT. s. forth of
the Rate of Tennefee" was read the fira tirs
Mp. X. NELSON faid he fhouId not ON tbis
location go into all examination of the princ;-
pies OF the bill, as they were well underfood bv
the Houie. They went to practice ons OF the
groiieit impofitions he had ever known. IN nv.
DER to get rid OF what he coniidered tain on
,ne ''a'ute oook' and diigrace on the nation,
he moved that the bill be rejected.
The queftiop was accordingly mt from tb>
chair, " AalLthe bill be rejected %
On the motion OF DR.. Lei5, it was determined
to take the yeas and navs.
MR.. nelly iaid it had been rengrl,ed that
me principles of the bill were well undcreood
by all the members OF the Honfe. He could on
lY anfwer for himtef that he was not welI ac.
quainted with thofe principles. The G,bieS
had been, it is true, diiculItd in former Con.
greis bnt he had not then had the honor Of 2
teat on the floor. He had in truth, formed mo
decided opinion on the fubeGt. He was not.
therefore, at preient prepared 10 vote forreied
ing the bill. He hoped it would he fuffersd IN
take the common courfe of other bills, the more
particularly as it had received the APPRECIATION
or the other branch of the Legislature, which
ought to be treated with becoming rerpett. He
trulted fhort pofponement of the bill ,vould
take place, and that its merits would then he
difcufed. ~
Ma. CLARK obGervcd that If gentlemen ar
tended to the provifions of the bill, every mind
would concur in the propriety of rejecting il :
a hmilar bill TO which would not be believed. he
found upon the records of any body bill
which had no fpecifc Object. He did not know
which mott to admire, its inidious tendency ar
ITS abiurdtY. 1t declares, " That if on or be.
fore the lft day Of Jan. next, fuch fuGicient re.
leates as aforeiaid lhall be lodged in the faid Of
nee ct the iecretary OF fate, as flall releafe ia
the u. y. and dilcharge all claims To the faid
lands, which have been exhibited to the G,creta.
W OF Rate and recorded as aforefsid, or which
may be exhibited and recorded agreeably TO the
provlions of this act, Congrefs will make pro.
viion by law for the indemnifcation of flch
claimants" What is the bill for? what is II,
object 1t only enables Congref; hereafter IN
pats law; it only declares that on the event OF
certain things happening, Congrefs will tafa a
law. Bot will this oblige Congrefs to paCs 4
law Do your feven volumes of laws furnifh =
Jingle initance Of Copgrefs declaring that thew
will hereafter pats law ?
Again--The irf fiction declares that law
nall not be palled except in cafe of a fuficiept
legal reIeate of all Claims to the u. s. Now
there may be infants, fone coverts, and perCon,
'niane, who cannot make fucn releafe. How
then is il pollibIe for this provfon of the law II
he carried into eifeet Shall the rights of theft
perions remain unprovided for fee, fiid