Virginia Argus. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1796-1816, 1805-07-06
liz ID Gents Singir.l

cede IN the received nsaee of sale ant
transfer by the INST solemn deeds -and
ior valuable consideration.
Numerous treaties might be referred "a
on chs subject, but as the laws of the u
niied States are to be had every where, a
i reference will be made to such only as
especially apply to lands part of which
are embraced in the Yaroo s7icrniSsfon.
by atreaty concluded on the Hoiston RI
yer on the Cd of July, 1894, betw cen the
Cherokec nation and the United States, Il
| is established and declared, that The Che.
rokees place themselves under the protec-
ion OF the United States and OF no other
sovereign whatever; and they also stipu-
late that the SAID Cherokees shall cot hold
any treaty wieh any foreign hsaver, indiui-
dttct or sfafe, but the United States, Art.
=. BY Art the Cherokee claim is ex.
unguished forever TO certain lands- desert
bed a sum stipulated as the value thereof
to be paid annually, for which they " re.
Tease quif claim, reiinguish md cede," the
| land described forever. BY Arr. z. 5. : he
United Safes solemnly guarantee TO the
Cherokee nation all their lands not here.
"by ceded." Art. g. Any person setting
on the Cherokee lands shall forfeit The
protection Of the u. S.
Another treaty was concluded in this
cry 10 June 1874, reinforcing the treaty
Oh iioision; another at Teiiico, l79s, be-
side treaties, one at New-Yofk IN 1920,
anu oBs al Coleraine in 1895.
a treaty was concluded with the Choc-
taws, another powerful nation of Indians,
al Hepewele, on the Keow>e river in 1885
which contains among other corrohnra-
uye provisions aud slipuiations the follow
ing---it defines art. 3, the boundary at 81
degrees latitude, exactly the southern
boundary OF the Mississippi territory Tin
which The expectations are embracedj pro-
curing Tor the United States three tracts
OF SIX miles square each, for trading
ports.
a treaty was concluded in 1916, with
'he Chckasaws. another nation living
within the same territory.
"A treaty was concluded al NJ. York IN
1870, with the Greeks, another nation oc-
cupying possessions in sovereign right, q
part OF this territory and all these
reai'es determine that the several na.ions
OF Indians. in virtue of the subsisting re-
cations OF protection, aud alliance, cannot
hoie any treaty with acy insi.yidul state
nor with individuals of any state.
From these treaties we determin. these
important principles. /, Thar The Indi-
ans are recognized a, a sovereign power.
., That they are precluded fron, treating
WITH any sovcreisn power, STATE, OF iudj-
Viduai, without the consent of the United
States 8, Ihat were ANY trea Y or con-.
psct entered into by the Indian notioaa
parties 10 these treaties, they must be nun
add void. d, And that any treaty. eop,-
pact or purchase made or pretended 70
be made without the sanction Of both nar-
ties must be null and vofd--and na,t;r,,-
larly any contracts made by citizens ofthe
United States.
From these principles thus established.
i, follows,
!. That had there been legitimate au-
'hority IN the state of Georgia, to treat
wi,h any individuals for any part oftbe
SOL OF the state Of Georgia, it could NOS
treat Tor any part which was unredeem.
ed from the Indians. q. That the
mississippi territory to whomsoeyer be.
longing, was not redeemed from the
INDIANS. 3. That neither Georgia nor
the Indians themselves had sinely DOW.
er or right 10 sell or ALLEVIATE Ia any o.
ther state or persons, than the United
o'ates, any part Of that territory
And hnally, that the speculation of
the fazoo, was fradulentin its founda-
ton, as well as iniquitous in its design
and progress--and ina, no right to The
7 zee existed inihe state of Georgia that
the right in The fee actually vested in
the Indians subjeei to an exclusive
emption on the part Of the u. States,
TO redeem and purchase the soil and
the sovereignty from those who held
the territory IN domiaiUnr veruni. That
al contracts with Georgia, or any law
oI pretended law, for The sale OF any
isids so c,rcumstanced, even were there
no corruption OF the legislature, was no
better than law passed to yes, in the
1890 spectators the fee simple in
region of the moon.
To Be continued ]