The enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1804-1815, 1805-05-10
rRAysLATrD FROM THE SPANISH.

20 tbe bonouroble the bo4jt of,tbreiemtati1rs u
tie good people of tie United States ia Cor
greiJ.
GENTLEMEN,
Ufge and the tacit content Of nations have
introduced certain rules derived from ueceffity
and the general principles ofreaion, and intend
ed for the government oftheir conduit with re-
ciprocity, in their relations with esch other.
Thofe rules fix the rights and dities ofone poo
pie towards another people: tey impoie upon
independent nations, moralites which no one
can break without giving % he other the right
of arrning againft it, bv Gazing the tacit fanc-
tion of this universal lawto be refpected, OF
!; fuhieeting as the alternate, the aggrefor 10
ktbe law of force. The rules form Whit is
fcaled qbe Riebts or LIS Of Nations. The
nroteaion of thofe rigs among independent
,nwers. is entruRed rmarily TO the legislative
.hyer. and in the iai'efort, to the 1and and
= -. ,-eefces butts defence among the
irdividna!' % ,eiy.ation belongs to the fu-
perintendng fHqIy OF government and the
laws. 4
which the rvs. f nations diveree. and from
whence t'berets cmanate, mall onlv dwell
upon III whlq'hey have afforded to iuch as
comp {1he mntry and embafiies becauie
theye me oeIet' of my rrefent claims, which
bel, rounded Hjufice, ] take the liberty
tGdkc otHe COMMENT oftbe United States.
ne cuitom l1trduced at the prefcnt time
p"E very nation of communicating reci-
through tn means of ambaGadors, eff
tan''i.'eS TO every p,tsntate, the right of APP
pointing number ofreprefentatives more or
ieis conhoerable, WHICH privileges the laws of
hations require to be tfpetted, with 70 much
.he more vigilance, aslthat the circumstances
inwhich they are liableto be violated arr rnnI-
tplied. Whoever attttnpts 70 take the fife Of
an ambalIador, whoevei infi,lts or abuE.s his
perion, the magilrate cI miniRer of n. blic inf.
ice who does not refpet the real or perronal
privileges either belongnt tothe ambaiador or
f.',Io any one eonp2fRg IN frair, renders him
icif therefore guilty of al infringement of the
laws Of nations
This principle is efahIiFed, Of which be-
VS me Conere'S IS ruiz wen convinced, filail
be the honor TO prefent tiem with documents
icn evince my lracter, in the miniftry pie
ote2harYo OF my matter the king of Spain
r the United States ThEe documents con-
in, III, acommifIion or h.evet licned bv hi.
leity the king OF Spain. %, letter of ere
nee or advice, hgDed by tie minfer of fate
foreign affairs. Sd, A paApot to repair to
pc United States the place of gefination, deli
bred in the name of II. NJ. AMI ligned by the
pniN H'"i'tSi' ftHJ n CeTunCae from the NIL
niiter plenipotentiary declaring Don Iofeph Ca
'prera, under the fafeguard of the laws of ma
lions, iiered Marquis De Gaia Yruio, with the
ZEAL of his arms. 5th, The warrant from the
governor of Pennsylvania, ordering the heriF
pr the comfy, TO cauie the im1rifoument of
The lad Don Jos. Cabreri, dated eth Auguft,
1901, Iipaed Thomas NJ j<ean.
! Itthefe prove my appointment by his faid
faleity directly; if theft. give me public cha
Actcr in the Spaniih legation; If theft. make
ne member Of the corps diplomatic and if
finally, theie place me under the srofe7i5n of
The laws Of nation3, and that the fiid protcSti-
nulhel'ers me from every kind ofieopardy, in
Tar and lnveitigation, or enquiry on the part
OF q Judiciary or magistrates of this country.
will you fay
~ 2fcrin1, FL plain and obvious, cannot
Dgarded by judges holding a public au-
noriy, and Jar iefs by thOfe, 20, uniting to
The capac'ty offru9ees Of the laws, the fcence
md ftudt Of them, and Tho ought 70 he farni-
i7r wi'l ihc various applications and influence
of tbof laws.
The certificate which under no. ;, 7 have
-hc 5onor to exhibit to Congrefs, manifehs that
y fr negatives dre tony capicty, have b.envi-
~ sdir te moit dirett manner Nv the govern
} % PrhriYlyaDa, wuo notwithstanding the
acknowledgement he makes Of nv ch7rj Ger
lad fihe rights and privileges thcrernto be-
9uglnc' orders The arreaatio1 and detention of
ny pei'ou IN Driion making the authority he
rfozate' 70 himirIf, corGl in The perminion
If compliance which was demanded from The
knifcr plerrctentisry ofthe king nv MATER
~ IN conference my houG IS entered by the
Gie,if and officers Of iu7ice, my
Irh's completely violated and myflf conduct
:" rriion, where n1dsr The authority IF
. nsIic7n ~ral foeper, and fihica TO the
ara crHams there cfsbi'hcd, am treat
u q pof i.i7c no other igbis than thcse of
I1Ze" o. this republic. The governor of
q 'y'"1''a ocihcr we, nor could he be ic- !
~ tra' the prot tfior of the laws cf nations
- am e1.t.i to Ell ", proceed neither
orrumi. '"r" of belonging ~ The fami- /
iu'rf"r ri"wpn'eutiSry, nor from COM
- pioyTcu; derived directly Or iH- |
nsh hs dPPoimaen; ard that ha-