The enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1804-1815, 1805-09-10

OF IT will ever be redeemed All this accumulation
OF burthens is the ehe4 OF the anti-den,oeratie
TEN OF government, in the conrl- of little more
than century. AT the ezra of the Revolution losS
the Engh NATIONAL debt lef. than half million
ttering, their annual revenue two millions, and their
expeuces within their revenue
BoLIScBsoxs, III his " State Of the Nation" ex-
planning the tundngyfcm, which then introduced
obisrves, WAS iaid that government, eta
bhcd agant the ancient principles, and aiuai Ell
gagements OF many. eoad not be 70 eeaually iecur-
ed amy way, il would be if the private fortunes %
great numbers were made to depend the preierva-
ton oil it ard that this could not be done uiefs
they were induced to lend their money the pubic,
and accept ie.urit;es under the preeut Establishment
Thus the method Of funding and the trade OF flock
johbng began" He might have added, that the
policy was fatally iuccesiu 1t created an influential
nonied nerca, and attached the holders of the fund
ed Rocks 20 the administration who had aiined them
TO their Fortunes, by advantageous loans Thus too,
the ck-hoiders 81 the United States with a very
few exceptions, have been politically attached 10 the
party who were the authors of our funding fyfem.
On rhe fuhea ct Offices taxes, and debts, our own
hitory. though fort IS full of inltrudion. A few
iatls only will be ieleGted the Preient occalon.
! Under the former administration, had Miuiliers
Rehdcnt at the Courts of England, France, Spain,
Pruiia, Portugal and Holland. At prelent we nave
them only At London Paris and Madrid.
Hear the coie Of the former administration the fe-
deral Judiciary then contng of Xix Judges of the Su-
preme Court and one DiitriA Judge in each Diariet
was nearly doubted by the creation OF an additional
grade OF Circuit Judges.
| There is elauie N the Contribution that no Sena-
'or or Representative fhail be appoi>a any civil
office created during his The members of that
c0ngrefs, therefore, could not be directly accommo-
dared with the new official births. But a number of
Dht'iet Judges and Attorneys advanced, and
members OF the Senate and Houie appointed to fuc-
coed them, without the previous acceptance or even
| knowledge ut the promoted officers. That was no,
indeed violation OF the letter of the conltut;onal
prohibition but was it fairly recouceahie with the
'pirr OF the Contribution! 1t certainly wa. attended
with emoarraiiments. In one Gale for inGance, a
Diitrict Judge was promoted to the Circuit Bench.
and Senator was coln,ihiouedas his fuccellor Eut
the former when coniulted declined his promotion
and the latter therefore took nothin. by his appoin
nent. Judge BE is Till the Ditref Judge of Sourb
Carolina and Nh. READ, with a cornmilion in his
lPocket, appointing him Judge during good beha-
vor, has yet no Office to ferve in
The hrit Congress, after the change of adminiGrn.
ton, repealed the Circuit law, and renored the old
Judiciary establishment, with fome improvements fg
igeited by experience
| NO meaiures OF the Republicans encountered fe-
Verer oppoiltion than this. Both its coniutionaty
and expediency were controverted. 1t was once =
queton for political diicc!ion but we are now view
ing it in the light of hiitory.
|
our, was hrt Introduced in England then tranlpIant
ed to Tome Of our fate contributions and from thence
enSratted into that Of the u. States ts ob;.a uos
to iecure Judges againit arbitrary removals from ex
ittng oiees but 1t had relation TO the continue
| ance or dncontnuance Of the Offices themlelves
nus the office Of an Engliih Judge is, and always
has been, rePeala5!e by aa of the legilature al
tho, in rhe technical language of their law lie hold,
1t during good behaviour
me very act, creating the Circuit Courts expreI.
| ly abohfhed Pre-exifng Courts Yet it was aft.r-
wards eontsDied that the Courts created by chat a
could not conititu,ional,y be abolilhed
Gentlemen IN Ma!ilohuietts, who had long advo
cated me abolition OF our Courts of Common Pleas,
with view TO the fubttitu,ion of different fyRem.
without the leat doubt of the conttutonalitv of ,b
neaiure, notwithstanding the Judges of thofe Courts
hoiu their Offices during good behavior became con-
verts to the new doetrne, that the abolition of am in
ieror Court OF the United States without the content
oil the Judges, would infringe their conttutio,ai TEN
ure OF office during good behavior.
In Connecticut, alto, gentlemen, who Gill defend
their own fate iyAem, by which the Judges are no;
only appointed annually by the Legislature, but de-
pehoent on them tor the Of their faaries g.
the continuance of their offices, and removable bv
shen' at pleaiure, any day of any felton, were ne
ve!'heies alarmed lef the repeal of the federal Cir
cut Courts lhoud ruin the judiciary that main pillar
oil the contribution by leaving all the Judges at the
4
victims OF political intolerance or tools of ths prevail.
ing party.
Some of the late Judges themfelves protected a
CAN'T the repeating ACT and, in petition 10 Gov
grels, they have lince given notice that thew m claim
their iaaries during life, provided they behave in
| iueh manner as to avoid removal by the procefs
Of impeachment
Upon the point of expediency it was aaerted, that
me remaining Judges could politely accomplish
| the JUDICIAL buhncis of the United States But ex
Perience has now refuted that abortion. and Gantf
oned the diicharge of thole lpelnun,erary Judges.
The federal Bankrupt aa iupplied multitude Of
iee'' which were all fvept away when that law was
repealed and, to fay the Leaf, the morals of the
community have received injury from the repeal.
The ProViiional Army, which under an idea of re-.
PeIl'ng All expected invaion had for iome time fnr
nlihed many Offices and empoyments, was difbanded.
alter change Of naturalization had become morally
certain and ubiequent reduction in the military eE
tablihment till left officers, as we'll as priv.tes. ..
nough to garrion the forts and guard the frontiers.
The aeSs for levyipg federal direct tax. and for
eliminating lands and houies for that purpofe in add
ton to holt OF temporary officers created about
thouilnd permanent Offices one in each aGeGm.n,
drlct, for the aiccrtainment of aetrtin variation IN
the hate OF buildings and regihry of transfers Of real
e'tate' with view to iucceeding taxes BY the dn.
continuance of direct taxation thoie Offices are all a