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ESSAY XIV.


may De exerciscd by tnem either collective
" or successfully; we observed: 9 The
aushoritis derived from the aucients, in
.sroof II this point, viii be principally those
which are relied upon by the Able Bar,he-
lea1v n his celebrated work entitled, The
IravekS of AiaeiarSis, the younger, IN
Greece, more particularly those which he
euoees in his chapsef, OF the nature of go,
yernments according to Aristotle and the
other philosophers, and his chapter OF
The prssens government of Athens
10 quoting these authorities, as was pro-
per. we used the title g Artist. de Repub."
employed by the author, or translator of
AEachafsis, TO designate " Aris.otle's Po-
litlcs.' Tie work quoted.
lis en- the use of this Artist. de Re-
pub. TIA, $ the editor" Mr.. Duane
! builds MS second and last proof. We shall
give It in his own words: In SANKEY'S
History of Philosophy, vol. 2, part s, page
9l, printed at London, uuder the general
classification, Ethicks, and the particular
subject, politics, in this literal definition.
Democracy. They who command or
advise drudge in democracy, are taken
out of ali, either by suffrage or lot.
"Tais is the dehnition given by writer
TO whose authority the Anti Democrat APP.
pealed with so much confidence. But in
cuoting which, the Aoti Democrat has ei.
thefbeen deceived himself or has attempted
to decei;0e others, by quoting book called
Aris ole de Rspublioa. In the catalogue
of his works by Patricius, the number Of
which, exclusive of the EpisIles, is 40,
there are four works entitled Pc!i,eia or
Politics, one on kingdom, one on tyrants,
one on constitutional law, 15S on the go.
yernment of cities, and one entitled OF Pro-
per Democracies. Whether the latter is
the book referred to by the Anti-Democrat,
under the designation of Aristotle de Re-
publica, we shall not pretend to determine,
because the books are lost, they do not ex.
ist. Ofthe books that have not persisted,
there are s entitled PoEtike. Perhaps it is
one OF these the Aati. Democrat has quot
ed, Aristotle de Repubhca, as if Aristotle
wrote in Latin (52)
Again. Whether the error originated
In the translating Anacharsis INTO English
from the French, or tina: the Able Barthe
lemy was guilty ofihe fault is not very ma
terial The French edition of Aristotle is
in the Philadelphia library, but, besides
,ha, Aristotle dc Republics is Latin, it's not
q fair translation of any Of his backs. Nor
is there IN the list Of those books that are
lost such tille. In the class Of Ethicks,
there are fur books the title Of which is
[b0iteid] politics, but these are amongst
the lost, as in his work on $" Proper De-
uaocracy," tyranny, obligarchy, and the go
vernment of cities. OF the works that are
extan., there is one work in eight books
which is entitled pOAitkeI of politics IN
this treatise SO far from using the word [b0-
kteial for Republic, he uses it IN speak
ing Of a Monarchy. (5S}
The patience of the reader is requested
for moment. We do not engage. 10 re-
ward him for his condescention. Cr;4ic-
; ism, we know, is TO many, q tlresome SUBJ
isct. AL that We can promise is to be
brief.
We remark, in the first place, that the
definition hare given by Duane, of de-
Irocracy, is not taken from Aristotle's po-
litics, bHr from summary OF his eight
= books on politics (Which have not been
lost, condensed into about two thirds of a
quarso page in Stanley's life of that Philo-
sophee As tar, however, as the saridge-
ment goes it is correct. Those in de-
mocraoy who command or advise or Judge
are taken out of all. either by suffrage or
lot-'' We have never disputed this fact /;
nor produced any quotation from Aristotle
in any manuer contradictory of it. Power
exercised by delegation. must exist under
every form of government. In no govern
ment can al the people command. advise or
judge. Ina democracy, therefore, the peo-
pie in assembly or assemblies, choose their