Alexandria daily advertiser. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1803-1808, 1804-11-22
From the Nssy York Epeniag Post.
(ContinueG.)

dependent Of the authority OF their coun-
try" Before we make any remarks on
this very extraordinary clause, we shall
present our readers with the following ex-
tract from we'll written performance on
1.-The question Of the St. Domingo trade,
which appeared some little time since III
the Gazette of the United States, in an
swer to a correspondent in this paper, who
had taken the opposite side. II should
howeyerbe understood that we mean to be
considered for the present as not having
!: adopted one opinionin preference to the
! other; it not beingvery material as to the
view we propose to take, which Of these
two writer's is correct.
From theUNIgED STATES GAZETTE.
When our merchants are. engaged in
commerce, defensible on the grounds ofna-
tural and conventional law, ON principles
of humanity and Justice, and ON calcula-
lstion, ofpublics & private interest, twill not
fbe reproachful to attempt their vindicatlon.
Such locomotive to be the commerce now
carrying on between this country and the
island of St. Domingo. On this topic
my sentiments are in diametrical OPPOSE
ton to those expressed in an eloquent and
fervid production in yourpaper OF the soth
ult. taken from the New York Evening
post, and are submitted to public consids,
ration.
The first and most essential point of in
quirv, on this subject, is, what is the sitsa-
ton of St. Domingo; and how is that ISL
and to be considered under the laws of ma
lions! In latter DAYS the dask is arduous
for the most sophistical OK ingenious to
draw the distinction at the threshold, be-
eween!re volution and rebellion. The issue
often, decides and gives both character and
name. Success stamps as revolution. what
without it would be rebellion and subjuga-
ton marks as rebellion what better fortune
would have made revolution. For the
interests of humanity, and to prevent the
exercise of savage and ferocious passions,
the civilized world however agree, that in
civil controversies, the parties shall be
considered as two independent litigants,
and each Untitled to the rights Of war. A
neutral nation shall not undertake to de-
eide, that1he opposers of the governors
is in the pursuit of right, and that bis mas
ter is tyrant whose shackle should be broken
-ner that the master claims bat legal
authority and that his SUBJECTS restless
ness should be curbed and restrained.
This SIS the general consideration Of the
subject, and for authority | refer to that
approved writer on the Laws OF Nations,
Vattel, book 8. Oh. Is 1922, &c. Ny au-
thor observes, When party IS formed
in a state, who no longer obey the soye-
reign, and are possessed OF sufficient
strength to oppose him.-or when IN re-
public, the nation is divided into two OPP
posite factions, and both sides take up arms
.this is called civy war. Some writers
confne this term to just insufrection OF
the subjects against their sovereign, to dis
tinpuish this lawful resistance from rebel
lion, which is an open and unjust resistance.
But, what application will they give to a
war which arises in republic torn by
TWO factions--or. ~ a monarchy between,
two comprehension the crown? Custom
appropriates the term Of cl0il zUar," TO
every war between the members Of one and
the same political society. If itbe between
part of the citizens on the one side, and the
sovereign with those who censnue.in obs
dience TO hrm on the other, provided the
malcontents have any reason.tor taking up
arms, nothing farthea-is required to -a.itle
such.a disturbance to the name OF cicil 1oar
! & DOT that ofrebslgon. a'nis laster term IS
spilled only to such aninsurree'ion against
lawful authority, as isvoid Of all appearance
of justice. The sovereign indeed never
fails to bestow the apellation OF re6Sls on
all such of his subjects as openly resist him
but when the latter have acquired sufficient