Alexandria advertiser and commercial intelligencer. [volume] (Alexandria [Va.]) 1800-1803, 1801-08-06

tage, offered to fale in The markets, IN
competition with thofe Of India and 1'ur-,
Key. In the art of dying cottons, too, we
long found it ilnpoinble to rival the reo-
pie Of Levant.; Mullins, though Of very
inferior excellence Of fabric, were. how
ever, introduced by degrees into manu-
failure in Britain. The other irecies Of
thicker cotton cuffs were likewiie at
tempted; and, before the year I75o, The
man ifaeture of cottons had begun 10 tie
no uncomfortable branch of the art:in in-
:duffy Of the people of tits indnd. The
'tnore We were accuIlomed 10 the uis o:
cottons in Our dfefs, 70 much the more
did we learn to prefer them. They were
found to be cheaper, warmer, cleaal;er
than hlks, lighter and warmer than linens,
lighter, more cIeanly, and more elegant
than woollen. TIE manufacture found
its way to the continent. In Germany,
Flanders, France, ard Switzerland, the
price of labour was 70 :nuci, cheaper than
in England, tina, we might a. ore time
have ieemed in danger of being is:t ou'
from competition in the market, not more
by the &ill, indufry, and ii,np!e living OF
the Iiindoes, than by the fame advantages
exiting againft US in tayorr Of tie Ger
mans, Fleminss, French, and Sw!fs.
About 90 years Gnce, the Society OF
Arts, to wllufe exertions England is 70
much indebted, lenible Of the isnpor.
,ance of the Authorization Of human Ia
bour by machinery, propofed pramia for
any applications of mill machinery which
fhould enable Jingle perfcn, i'll il'inning,
weaving, sc. to perform the work Of fe-
veral. Various attempts were, Of courf=,
made TO atchieve this invention, and TO
employ it in the manufacture of cottons.
They were for while but impertettly
fuccelsful. They excited the jealouiy OF
the workmen, who imagined that many
Of their number would be left without
wages and employment, when the ufe OF
fach machines fhou)d enable a fngle per-
fon to perform the talk of more. Al
length, however, Mr.. Arkwrith, after e.
versl failures in the trial, and foinc lots,
fucceeded in eilablilhing a manufacture
Of cotton yarn, in which, the difribution
ofpower by cranks, from the movements
OF mill machinery, performed for many
{pindles at once almof The whole labor
Of fpinning the yarn, From this. AGRA
the manufacture Of cotton goods defined
to, encreaie into one of the mott lucra-
tive and extenGve branches of Britiih
induary. This raw cotton was to be
purchaied at very low price. 1t was in
coniequence of the new invention, PUN
into yarn, at an expence even cheaper
than that for which the yarn was pre-
pared in India. Weaving eHabliihments
for cotton-aufs were, hence, extended
with the greatea rapidly. Lawns, cam
ories, linens, Glks, variors fabrics Of
woollen, mixtures Of linen and wooilen
q the fame fabric, gave place to fabrics
of cotton. The more thefe cotton tufts
were uied, 70 much the more did they
come into general favor.
Every act in the manufacture of cottons
came to be in one way or other, abbfevi-
ated. The Jennie, or fmal engine, move.
able By the hand, was brought into uit in
.hofe places where itreams were wanted to
drive mill machinery. The weaving has
come ODE abbreviated as we'll as the ipin-
ming. And the late improvements in
bleaching, in calico printing, and in the
dyeing of cotton yarn, bave contaminated
thefe advantages which Britain has Great
ed to itlelffor the carrying on this manu-
faeture.
Look at any of OUT mott elegant fe-
males, either in morning or in full
dreis; more than half what fhe wears is
amoa always of cotton, Drawers, Aock-
ings, breaches, pantalocns, reckclotbs, and
often even ihirts; are a'fo of cotton, in the
drefs of men. Its uie is rot confined to
perlons in ore rank OF LIE. From tie high-
eft to lo.?ef, from the ric!,eit to roo,eit,
cotton, in one fort of fabric or other, is
universally worn, IN proportion fcarcely
inferior to that In which we wear wooliers