Illinois

IllinoissīBí-kokê chi̍t-êchiu.Siú-hútīSpringfield. Siāng toā ê siâⁿ-chhī sīChicago.
"Illinois" ê í-goân sīHoat-koksoan-kàu-sū kap thàm-hiám-ka tùi chāi-tē goân-chū-bîn ê kiò-hoat, chái-kî ū chē khoán siá-hoat. Chìn chi̍t pō͘ ê goân-thâu mā ū chē khoán lí-lūn, kî-tiong khah ha̍p-lí ê sī kóng "Illinois" sīMiami-Illinois gí-giânêirenwe·wa, ì-sū sī "i phó͘-thong hong-sek kóng-ōe." Āu-lâi koh hō͘Ojibwe gí-gântheh lâi ēng, piànilinwe·, Hoat-kok-ōe chioh ēng liáu āu, Hoat-gí-hòa ka chiūⁿ-ois.
Illinois sǹg sī tī Bí-kok ê tiong-se-pō͘. Tang-pêng sīIndiana, lâm-pêng kapKentuckysio kehOhio Hô, sai-pêng sī kapMissourichhamIowasio kehMississippi Hô, pak-pêng koh ūWisconsin.
Tī Illinois ê tang-pak-pêng sīMichigan Ô͘, chúi ê tùi-bīn sīMichigan, lēng-gōa Wisconsin kap Indiana mā óa tī ô͘ piⁿ.
Bí-kok goân-chū-bîntī Illinois iû-kî chúi-lō͘ hoat-tián bûn-hòa, ùi Au-chiu-lâng lâi chìn-chêng chio̍h í-kēng chûn-chāi kúi-chheng nî. TīKoster Ûi-chek(Koster Site) ū hoat-hiān iân-sio̍k 7000 nî ê sú-chêng jîn-bîn khiā-khí.CahokiasīMississippi bûn-hòalāi ê kok-ka, só͘-chāi óa kīn kin-á-ji̍tCollinsville. In kiàn-siat liáu to͘-chhī, kî-tiong koh ū chi̍t lia̍p hong hiān-tāi lâng hō chò "Monks Mound" ê kim-jī-thah, sīMexicoí pak siāng tōa ê sú-chêng kiàn-tio̍k. Chóng-sī bûn-bêng tī tāi-iok 15 sè-kí sî siau-sit
Hoat-kokê thàm-hiám-kaJacques MarquettekapLouis Jolliettī 1673 nî thàm-châ liáuIllinois Hô. Kàu 1680 nî ê sî, koh ū Hoat-kok lâng tī kin-á-ji̍tPeoriakhí-chō iàu-sài.Canadaê Hoat-kok-lâng hiòng lâm hoat-tián, tīMississippi Hôtē-khū seng-oa̍h. Kàu 1764 nî, in-ūiChhit Nî Chiàn-chêngsit-pāi,Hoat-kokkā in só͘ niá êLa Louisianekau hō͘Eng-kokkhì. 1778 nî, Bí-kok ê thàm-hiám-kaGeorge Rogers Clarkchú-tiuⁿIllinois Kūn(Illinois County) siūVirginiasó͘ koán, āu-lâi chia tī 1783 nî hong siat chòPak-sai Léng-thó͘(Northwest Territory) ê chit hūn.
1809 nî 2 goe̍h chhe 3,Illinois Léng-thó͘sêng-li̍p, siú-hú siat ùiKaskaskia. Keng-kòe kúi chhù ê pian-kài khak-jīn, Illinois tī 1818 nî hong chiap-siū chò Bí-kok tē 21 chiu, 1819 nî chiong siú-hú sóa khìVandalia, 1837 nî koh sóaSpringfield.
1831 nî ê sî, chia-ê goân-chū-bîn hong kiông-chè sóa khíIowaseng-oa̍h. 1832 nî, Illinois kap hū-kīn êWisconsinhoat-sengBlack Hawk Chiàn-cheng(Black Hawk War), che sīBí-kokkapSauk,Foxkoh ūKickapoopō͘-cho̍k chi kan ê chhiong-tu̍t.
Bí-kok Lōe-chiànsî-kî, Illinois hiòng liân-bêng kun-tūi phài goân chhiau-kòe 25 bān, kûi-bô͘ pâi liân-bêng lāi tē-4 miâ.
20 sè-kí chá-kî, chiu lāi jîn-kháu lâi kàu 5 pah-bān. 1933 nî ê sî,Chicagopān liáubān-kok phok-lám-hōe"Chìn-pō͘ ê Sè-kí" (Century of Progress). 1930 nî-tāi,chio̍h-iûê khai-chhái chin hoat-tián, kàu 1939 nî, Illinois í-keng sī Bí-kok pâi tē-4 ê chio̍h-iû seng-sán chiu.Tē-jī-chhù Sè-kài Tāi-chiànsî-kî, Illinois seng-sán Bí-kok kun-tūi bú-khì kiam chong-pī ê 6.1%.
1959 nî,Sèng Lawrence Hái-lō͘(Saint Lawrence Seaway) khai-thong liáu-āu, Chicago piàn chò ē-tàng tit-chia̍p hiòng hái-iûⁿ ê káng-kháu.
ChiàuBí-kok Phó͘-cha-kio̍kê ko͘-sǹg, 2016 nî 7 goe̍h chhe 1 Illinois ê jîn-kháu ū 12,801,539. In sī Tiong-se-pō͘ siāng chē lâng ê chiu-hūn. Chiu lāi êChicago, sī Bi-kok jîn-kháu pâi tē-3 miâ ê siâⁿ-chhī. Chāi-tē-lâng chheng Chicago to͘-hōe-khu hō-chò sīChicagoland, lāi-bīn tòa liáu kui chiu 65% ê chū-bîn.
Illinois ê koan-hong gí-giân sī Eng-gí. Chha-put-to 80% ê jîn-bîn sī Eng-gí ê chāi-lâi sú-iōng-chiá, kî-tha mā chú-iàu sī thong Eng-gí chòtē-jī gí-giân. Chiu lāi chûn-chāi chē khoán Eng-gí khiuⁿ-kháu, pau-koat ū Chicago hū-kīn êLōe-tē Pak-hng Bí-kok Eng-gí(Inland Northern American English) kapHui-chiu-hē Bí-kok-lâng Pe̍h-ōe Eng-gí(African American Vernacular English); tiong-pō͘ êTiong-tē Bí-kok Eng-gí(Midland American English); kap lâm-pêng êLâm-hng Bí-kok Eng-gí(Southern American English) téng khoán.
Illinois tī 2014 nî êGDPsī 745,875 pa̍h-bān bí-kim.Chiàu 2015 nî ê chu-liāu, pún chiu siāng-chē lâng chò ê sán-gia̍p sīkiān-khong chiàu-kò͘kapsiā-hōe hû-chō͘(health care and social assistance).
Pún chiu chú-iàu ê lông-sán ūhoan-be̍h,n̂g-tāu,chhī-ti,chhī-gû, lêng-sán-phín kapsió-be̍h. Illinois tiāⁿ sī Bí-kok koh chiu thâu nn̄g miâ ê nn̂g-tāu seng-sán-tē, chiàu 2015 nî ê chu-liāu, kui tang ê sán-liōng ū 14.8 pa̍h-bān tòng.