Demographics of Tanzania

Demographicfeatures of thepopulationofTanzaniaincludepopulation density,ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population.
The population distribution in Tanzania is extremely uneven. Most people live on the northern border or the eastern coast, with much of the remainder of the country being sparsely populated.Density varies from  12 per square kilometre (31/sq mi) in theKatavi Regionto 3,133 per square kilometre (8,110/sq mi) inDar es Salaam.Approximately 70 percent of the population is rural, although this percentage has been declining since at least 1967.Dar es Salaamis thede factocapital and largest city.Dodoma, located in the centre of Tanzania, is thede jurecapital, although action to move government buildings to Dodoma has stalled.
The population consists ofabout 125 ethnic groups.TheSukuma,Nyamwezi,Chagga, andHayapeoples have more than 1 million members each.
Over 100languages are spoken in Tanzania, making it the most linguistically diverse country in East Africa.Among the languages spoken in Tanzania are all four of Africa's language families:Bantu,Cushitic,Nilotic, andKhoisan.Swahiliand English are Tanzania's official languages.Swahili belongs to the Bantu branch of theNiger-Congofamily.TheSandawe peoplespeak a language that may be related to theKhoe languagesof Botswana and Namibia, while the language of theHadzabe people, although it has similarclick consonants, is arguably alanguage isolate.The language of theIraqw peopleis Cushitic.Other languages areIndian languagesandPortuguese(spoken by Goans and Mozambicans).
Non-Africans residing on the mainland and Zanzibar account for 1 percent of the total population. The Asian community includingHindus,Sikhs,Shi'aandSunni Muslims,Parsis, andGoans, exceed 60,000. An estimated 70,000Arabsand 20,000Europeans(90 percent of which are from theBritish diaspora) reside in Tanzania. Over 100,000 people living in Tanzania are of Asian or European ancestry.
Based on 1999–2003 data, over 74,000 Tanzanian-born people were living inOrganisation for Economic Co-operation and Developmentcountries, with 32,630residing in the United Kingdom; 19,960 inCanada; 12,225 in theUnited States; 1,714 inAustralia; 1,180 in theNetherlands; and 1,012 inSweden.
According to the 2012 census, the total population was 44,928,923 compared to 12,313,469 in 1967,resulting in an annual growth rate of 2.9 percent. The under 15 age group represented 44.1 percent of the population, with 35.5 percent being in the 15–35 age group, 52.2 percent being in the 15–64 age group, and 3.8 percent being older than 64.
According to the 2012 revision of theWorld Population Prospects, children below the age of 15 constituted 44.8 percent of the total population, with 52.0 percent aged 15–64 and 3.1 percent aged 65 or older.
Structure of the population (01.07.2013) (Estimates) (Projections based on the 2002 Population Census.):
Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2020) (Projections based on the 2012 Population Census.):
The Tanzanian Demographic and Health Survey 2010 estimated that the infant mortality rate for 2005–10 was 51.Registration of other vital events in Tanzania is not complete. ThePopulation Department of the United Nationsprepared the following estimates.
Source:
Total Fertility Rate(TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) andCrude Birth Rate(CBR):
Fertility rates are estimated by Surveys (TDHS) and Census in different times.
TDHS surveys estimated these fertility rates: 6.3 (1991–92), 5.8 (1996), 5.7 (2004–05), 5.4 (2010)
and 2002 Census said 6.3
mainland - African 99% (of which 95% are Bantu consisting of more than 130 tribes), other 1% (consisting of Asian, European, and Arab); Zanzibar - Arab, African, mixed Arab and African. Around 100,000 people living in Tanzania are from Europe or Asia.
Most Tanzanians are nowadays Christians and Muslims. The numerical relationship between followers of the two religions is regarded as politically sensitive and questions about religious affiliation have not been included in census questionnaires since 1967.
For many years estimates have been repeated that about a third of the population each follows Islam, Christianity and traditional religions.As there is likely no longer such a large percentage of traditional religionists,a range of competing estimates has been published giving one side or the other a large share or trying to show equal shares.
Estimates from the Pew Report Islam and Christianity (2010) were 60% Christian and 36% Muslim.
The remainder of the population areHindus,Buddhists,animists, and unaffiliated. Most Christians areRoman Catholic,Lutheran, Anglican or Pentecostal, though a number of other churches, asSeventh-Day Adventist, and Eastern Orthodox Christians are also represented in the country. Most Tanzanian Muslims are Sunni Muslims, though there are also populations ofIbadi,Shia,Ahamadiya, Bohora. Muslims are concentrated in coastal areas and in mainland areas along former caravan trade routes.