University of Porto

TheUniversity of Porto(Universidade do Porto) is aPortuguesepublicresearch universitylocated inPorto, and founded on 22 March 1911. It is the second largest Portuguese university by number of enrolled students, after theUniversity of Lisbon, and has one of the most noted research outputs in Portugal.
The University of Porto was founded by decree of 22 March 1911, issued by the Provisional Government of theFirst Portuguese Republic. While it is possible to point the university's predecessors as the Nautical Academy, established byKing Joseph Iin 1762, and the Drawing and Sketching Academy, created byQueen Mary Iin 1779, the university was to be based primarily on higher education institutions created in the nineteenth century, namely the Polytechnic Academy (1836–1911) and Medical-Surgical Academy of Porto (1836–1911).
The Polytechnic Academy's main purpose was the teaching of science and industrial engineering of all kinds, and professional specialties such as naval officers, merchants, farmers, factory directors and artists. Heir to the Royal Navy and Commerce Academy of Porto, which was established in 1803 by Prince Regent John (future KingJohn VI), it arose as a result of reforms implemented byPassos Manuel, Minister of the Kingdom in the Government that came out of the Revolution of September. Under this reform, the name of the academy was changed to the Royal Polytechnic Academy in 1837. However, the Royal Economic and Literary Academy, under the supervision of the board of directors of the General Company of Agriculture in the Alto Douro vineyards, was transferred to the Council of Lenses. Despite the great financial difficulties experienced during this period, the Polytechnic Academy of Porto underwent a time of great scientific activity, with eminent scientists such as Gomes Ferreira and Teixeira da Silva.
The inauguration of the University of Porto took place on 16 July 1911, and mathematicianGomes Teixeirawas chosen as firstReitor(rector). At this time, the university became economically and scientifically independent, and teaching autonomy was officially recognized.
Currently, there are 14 faculties and a postgraduate business school at the university.
R&Dactivities at the University of Porto have significantly expanded over the last years, mainly as a result of academic qualification and increased funding of R&D centers and concession of research grants through competitive programs with external independent evaluation by international peer review committees.
Although R&D centers vary noticeably in dimension, aims and structure – from small units to large centers, conducting specialized or interdisciplinary work, faculty integrated or independent –  they are present in almost every field of knowledge showing a shared vision towards a modern research-oriented university. Many of these centers are interface institutions whose aim is the development of links of cooperation between the university and external entities such as enterprises or governmental organizations. Among the most recognized research centers of the university are IBMC (Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology),IPATIMUP(Instituto de Patologia e Immunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto) andINESC-Porto (Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores, Research Institute of Computer Systems).
The University of Porto collaborates with many companies though its Parque da Ciencia e Tecnologia do Porto, abusiness incubatorand business entrepreneur centre. Some companies included on these centre are: Nonius, Fan Valley orVeniam.
The University of Porto is consistently ranked among the best Portuguese universities. 
It is among the top 100 universities in Europe, according to the Webometrics Ranking Web of Universities.
In 2018, theARWUranked the university in the category 301–400 best universities in the world.
In 2019, theQS World University Rankingsranked the university as 328th best in the world. QS puts the University of Porto at 51–100 in the subject rankings for Architecture, Chemical Engineering, Civil Engineering, and Sports Science.
The university buildings – faculties, R&D centres, student residences and sport facilities – are grouped in three main sites (called ‘poles’). In the city centre – where theneoclassicalbuilding of architectCarlos Amarantemarks the birthplace of the university – lies Pole 1; Pole 2 (Asprela) is a campus in the northern end of Porto; Pole 3 (Campo Alegre) is located in the western part of the city, over the river Douro bank, not far from Pole 1. A number of other institutes and centers are scattered all over the city and even beyond its limits.
The students of the University of Porto organise several extra curricular events. In sports, those include the activities promoted withinG.A.D.U.P.andC.D.U.P.In culture, the university recognizes as its cultural extension groups likeOrfeão Universitário do Porto(choir, dance and music),Teatro Universitário do Porto(theatre), NEFUP (folklore), SDdUP (debates), CLUP (choir of the Faculty of Letters) and AAOUP (former Orfeão members).
The academic life offers major festivities, with events ranging from theLatadato theQueima das Fitas. This last event is organized in cooperation with FAP –Federação Académica do Portoand it is considered the biggest student festivity in Porto.
Today, about 28,000 students (11,000 postgraduate) attend the programmes and courses provided by the U.Porto's fifteen schools (13faculties, abiomedical sciencesinstituteand a business school, each one with a considerable degree of autonomy).
Globally, the U. Porto offers 63 graduate degree courses, over 160 master courses, and several doctoral degree courses and other specialization courses, supported by 2300 lecturers and a technical and administrative staff of over 1600 people.
41°08′48″N8°36′56″W﻿ / ﻿41.14667°N 8.61556°W﻿ /41.14667; -8.61556