Arkansas

ArkansassīBí-kokê chi̍t-êchiu. I êsiú-húkap siāng-tōa ê siâⁿ-chhī sīLittle Rock.
Arkansas tī1832 nîka-ji̍p Bí-kok Liân-pang, chiân-chó Bí-kok tē 25-ê chiu.
Arkansaschit-ê miâ ê gí-goân kap lēng-gōa chi̍t chiuKansasū kâng-khoán ê sêng-hun, lóng sī tùiKansapō͘-cho̍k hō--lâi.Arkansaspún-sin sīHoat-gítùi Quapaw-ōe êakakazechioh--lâi, goân-té ì-sù sī "(tòa) khe-bóe ê lâng", nā Sioux-ōe mā ū kóngakakaze, ì-sù sī "lâm hong ê lâng".
Bí-kok kok-hōe pat gī-lūnArkansasê jī bóessī-m̄-sī bô hoat-im, 1881 nî, in koat-tēng koan-hong sú-iōng mài hoat ê ho͘-im /ˈɑrkənsɔː/ ("a-khén-soh").
Arkansas ê lâm-pêng sīLouisiana, sai-lâm sīTexas, sai-pêng sīOklahoma, pak-pêng sīMissouri, nā tang-pêng ūTennesseekapMississippi.
Arkansa ē-tàng kan-tan hun chò nn̄g pòaⁿ pêng, sai-pak pêng sī koân-tē, nā tang-lâm pêng sī sǹg kē-tē. Koân-tē hit hūn lāi-té pau-koat liáuOzark Soaⁿ-tēkapOuachita Soaⁿ-tē; kē-tē ê pō͘-hūn, ūHái-oan-kîⁿ Pêng-goân(Gulf Coastal Plain) kapArkansas Saⁿ-kak-chiutē-khu. Kî-tha chū-jiân tē-lí siōng ê hun-khu koh ūArkansas Hô-kok(Arkansas River Valley),Crowley Soaⁿ-kiā(Crowley's Ridge) téng-téng.
Chêng 11700 chó͘-iū, Arkansas chit ūi í-keng ū lâng teh seng-oa̍h, in khó-lêng sī ē-hiáu liahMammothkó͘-chhiūⁿ ê pō͘-cho̍k. Lông-gia̍p tī tāi-khài chêng 650 nî khai-sí, kun-kù khó-kó͘ gián-kiù, chit chūn chū-só͘ kēng-ka hó-sè, kang-gē mā khah ho̍k-cha̍p. Tī kî-tha Bí-chiu goān-chū bîn-cho̍k tōa-kûn tùi sai-pêng sóa--lài chìn-chêng, Arkansas chit ūi chú-iàu ūQuapaw,CaddokapOsageténg cho̍k khiā-khí.
Só͘ chai siāng chá lâi kàu Arkansas ê Au-chiu-lâng sī 1541 nî Se-pan-gâ thàm-hiám-kaHernando de Soto, i ùi chia siu-chi̍p chu-goân kap kim-á, tī tang-pak-pō͘ tú chia̍p-chhio̍kCasquilâng, Soto hong chhōa khì pak-pêng êPacahapō͘-lo̍k, koh chham-ú an-pâi nn̄g cho̍k lâng ê hô-pêng tiâu-iok.
1673 nî,Hoat-kokêJacques MarquettekapLouis Jolliettī chè-chōMississippi Hôtē-tô͘ lō͘ tiong lâi kàuArkansas Hô. Au-lâi in tó-tńg pak-pêng.Robert La Salletī 1681 nî chìn-ji̍p Arkansas, āu-bóe in chú-tiuⁿ kûi tiâu Mississippi Hô sio̍kSin Hoat-lân-se. Au-chiu lâng tī chiu lāi siāng chá ê chng-thâu sīArkansas Post, sī1686 nîHenri De Tontokiàn-li̍p, tong-sî ēng chò kau-e̍kmô͘-phôeténg mi̍h-kiāⁿ ê tē-tiám. Āu-lâi Hoat-kok the̍h hâm Arkansas chāi lāi êLouisiana Léng-thó͘kapSe-pan-gâsio-ōaⁿFlorida. 1783 nî 4 goe̍h Arkansans hoat-seng î-it sio̍kBí-kok Kek-bēng Chiàn-chengê chiàn-sū. Hit tong-sî Eng-kokJames Colbertchhōa kūn tīChoctawkapChickasawgoân-chū-bîn ê hia̍p-chō͘ hā kong-lio̍k Arkansas Post.
Bí-kok sêng-li̍p liáu-āu, Arkansas óa-ná koh tī Se-pan-gâ koán lāi. Āu-bóe Hoat-kokNapoleon Bonapartecheng-ho̍k Se-pang-gâ, hâm Arkansas chāi-lāi ê Louisiana soah tī 1800 nîTē-saⁿ-chhù San Ildefonso Tiâu-iokkoh chài hō͘ Hoat-kok chiàm--khì. 1803 nî sî, Hoat-kok kāLouisiana bē hō͘ Bí-kok. Tit tio̍h sin thó͘-tē liáu-āu, chóng-thóngThomas Jeffersonphài lâng thàm-châ léng-thó͘. Kî-tiongWilliam Dunbarchhōa tūi hiòng lâm-pêng thàm-lō͘, pat lâi kàu Arkansas tiong-pō͘ tiāu-cha, in tī 1805 nî pò-kó liáu tong-tē goân-chū-bîn oa̍h-tāng, chháu-bo̍k tōng-bu̍t, mā hun-sek un-chôaⁿ sêng-hun.
1812 nî, sin bé ê Louisiana Léng-thó͘ kái miâMissouri Léng-thó͘; 1819 nî,Arkansas Léng-thó͘koh tùi lāi-té hun--chhut-lâi. Sin siat ê Arkansas Léng-thó͘ siú-hú tīArkansas Post, hoān-ûi hâm tōa-hūn ê āu-lâiOklahomachāi-lāi; hia ke--chhut ê tē-hng tī 1828 lēng-gōa nî khui-siatIndian Léng-thó͘.
1836 nî, chóng-thóngAndrew Jacksonchhiam-sú Arkansas chiu sêng-li̍p ê sin-chhéng. In ka-ji̍p Bí-kok ê tāi-chì tī hit-chūn kok-hōe mā ín-khí tùi pún-té chio̍h chin siū gī-lūn êlô͘-lē-chèbūn-tê ê thó-lūn. 1837 nî ê sî, chiu lāi hoat-seng kim-hiông chai-hāi, chō-sêng pún-lâi chio̍h khùn-lân ê keng-chè keng-ka put sūn.
1861 nî, tīAbraham Lincolnchóng-thóng iau-kiû Arkansas tùi-hù Fort Sumter ê honá-khòng liáu-āu. Arkansas chiu-hōe koat-tēng thoat-lî liân-pang, ka-ji̍pAmerica Liân-bêng-kok. Hit-chūn Arkansas oa̍h pak ê lâng khah phian Liân-pan (pak-kun), lâm-pêng ê lâng khah phian Liân-bêng (lâm-kun).Lōe-chiànliáu-āu tī 1868 nî, kun-kù kok-hōe êKun-sū tiông-kiàn Hoat-àn(Military Reconstruction Act), Arkansas têng-sin ka-ji̍p liân-pan.Kiōng-hô-tóngkhòng-chè ê gī-hōe koh thong-kòe ta-po͘ ê soán-kí khoân-lī. Chit-sî, ūi-tio̍h tùi-hù Kiōng-hô-tóng ki-chìn-phài tùi chiu-lāi sū-bū ê chi-phòe,KKKhoat-khí oa̍h-tāng, ín-khí liáu hō-chòBrooks-Baxter Chiàn-cheng(Brooks-Baxter War) ê chhiong-tu̍t.
Siū pak-pō͘ kap tiong-se-pō͘ kang-gia̍p hoat-tián ê éng-hióng, chin chē lâm-pō͘ ê o͘-lâng tī 20 sè-kí chho͘-kî hiòng gōa liû-tōng. Kàu 1930 nî-tāi,mî-hoesán-gia̍p ûi chú ê Arkansas, tī keng-chè siau-tiâu tiong mā chin siū éng-hióng, kàuJī-chhù Tāi-chiànsî-kî chia̍h koh khoe-ho̍k.
1950 nî-tāi, Bí-kok ê chòe-ko hoat-īⁿ soan-pò͘ chéng-cho̍k hun-lî chèng-chhek ê ûi-hiàn. Ín-khí Arkansas chāi-lāi chi̍t kóa chiu-hūn kok-hōe gī-goân hoat-khíLâm-hong Soan-giân(Southern Manifesto), hoán-tùi hoat-īⁿ ê koat-gī.
1993 nî, Arkansas chhut-sin êBill Clintontóng-sóng chóng-thóng, i tī chìn-chêng mā sī pún chiu chiu-tiúⁿ.
Arkansas tī 2014 nî êGDPsī 121,395 pa̍h-bān bí-kim.Arkansas tī kin-á-ji̍t lông-gia̍p jîn-kháu taⁿ chiàm 3% chó͘-iū, chóng-sī lông-sán óa-ná sī pún chiu chú-iàu ê sán-gia̍p chi it. In sī Bí-kok chhōa-thâu êtiū-bí, ba̍h-ke (broilers) kap hóe-ke ê chhut-sán-chiá, mā sī pâi thâu saⁿ miâ êmî-hoesán-tē.
Chè-chō-gia̍p hong-bīn, Arkansas chú-iáu bu̍t-sán ū si̍t-phín ka-kang, tiān-chú lêng-kiāⁿ, ki-hâi, chè-chóa téng-téng. In mā seng-sán ga-suh, chio̍h-iû téng khòng-sán. Arkansas chiu lāi ū 52 chō kok-ka kong-hn̂g, koan-kong mā sī pún chiu ê tiōng-iàu keng-chè sêng-hun.