City chicken

City chickenis a Polish entrée consisting of cubes of meat, typically pork, which have been placed on a woodenskewer(approximately 4–5 inches long), then fried and/or baked. Depending on the recipe, they may bebreaded.Despite the name of the dish, city chicken almost never containschicken.
A similar dish once known as "mock chicken" was described as early as 1908.The first references to city chicken appeared in newspapers and cookbooks just prior to and during theDepression Erain a few cities such as Pittsburgh.City chicken typically has cooks using meat scraps to fashion a makeshiftdrumstickfrom them by skewering meat chunks.It was a working-class food item.  During the Depression, cooks used pork or in many cases veal because it was then cheaper than chicken in many cities, especially meat packing centers such as Detroit, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Louisville, and Pittsburgh where such cuts were more readily available than chicken.
Sometimes cooks would grind the meat and use a drumstick-shaped mold to form the ground meat around a skewer.One such mold, manufactured byAMPCO/BKI, was labeled chickensans volaille(without poultry).
The dish is still popular in theBinghamton, NY, area, where at the turn of last century along with the growth of factories (especially EJ, cigar companies, Kilmer, etc.) the town was supplied with workers from immigrant communities abroad as well as from the coal mines ofPA, stone quarries of northern NY, etc. Many or most of these were from more rural areas where farming for personal use to supplement their jobs was common (i.e. small vegetable gardens, hogs and chickens). In the tenement and row houses inBinghamton/JCof that era it was rare to have enough land to raise chickens however slaughter houses (pork, lamb, veal, and beef) could still be located 'in town'. The idea of breading veal or pork like fried chicken became a cheaper and popular meal.
The dish is popular in cities throughout the central and easternGreat Lakesregion ofOhioandMichiganas well as the northeasternAppalachianregions ofPennsylvaniaandUpstate New York, and at least as far south and west asLouisville,Kentucky. City chicken is commonly found in the metropolitan areas ofCincinnati,Cleveland,Detroit,Binghamton,Erie,Pittsburgh,Buffalo andScranton, hence, the dish's "urban" title. In Canada, it is quite popular in the ethnic Ukrainian regions of the west, and the deli-counter version is popular in theOttawa ValleyandKitchenerarea.
While preparations regionally vary, pork is typically the base meat used in most versions of the recipe. Pittsburgh-area City Chicken is almost always breaded and usually baked, while in Binghamton NY, the meat is marinated, battered and then deep fried.The Cleveland version is generally baked without breading and instead the meat isdredgedin flour, browned in a pan, then finished in the oven, and served withgravy.Grocery stores in both theGreater Clevelandarea as well as those in thePittsburgh metro area. The Detroit metropolitan area have since the early 1900s included wooden skewers with chunks or wrapped pork, veal, and lamb specifically prepared as city chicken. InOttawa, Ontario, Canada, at least one variation involves skewers of three kinds of meat: pork, veal, and beef.Another Canadian variation, fromSaskatoon,Saskatchewan, was composed entirely of veal.
In Cincinnati, the dish appeared on the 1933 lunch menu of upscaleLa Normandieas baked city chicken "en brochette".
In 1940, Crisco ran national ads featuring a recipe for city chicken, which gave the dish "some national traction", according to Keith Pandolfini writing in theCincinnati Enquirer.