Stuffed toy

Astuffed toyis atoy dollwith an outer fabricsewnfrom atextileand stuffed with flexible material. They are known by many names, such asplush toys,plushies,lovies,stuffed animals, andstuffies; in Britain and Australia, they may also be calledsoft toysorcuddly toys. The stuffed toy originated from theSteiff companyof Germany in the late 19th century and gained popularity following the creation of theteddy bearin the United States in 1903. At the same time, German toy inventorRichard Steiffdesigned a similar bear. In 1903,Peter Rabbitwas the first fictional character to be made into a patented stuffed toy. In 1921,Christopher Robin's stuffed toy, given to him by his father,A. A. Milne, would inspire the creation ofWinnie-the-Pooh. In the 1970s, London-basedHamleys, the world's oldest toy store, bought the rights toPaddington Bearstuffed toys. In the 1990s,Ty WarnercreatedBeanie Babies, a series of animals stuffed with plastic pellets that were popular as collector's items.
Stuffed toys are made in many different forms, but most resemble realanimals(sometimes with exaggerated proportions or features),mythological creatures,cartooncharacters, or inanimate objects. They can be commercially or home-produced from numerous materials, most commonlypile textileslikeplushfor the outer material and synthetic fiber for the stuffing. Often these toys are designed for children, but stuffed toys are popular for a range of ages and uses and have been marked byfadsinpopular culturethat sometimes affectedcollectorsand the value of the toys.
Stuffed toys are distinguishable from other toys mainly by their softness, flexibility, and resemblance to animals or fictional characters. Stuffed toys most commonly take the form of animals, especially bears (in the case of teddy bears), mammalianpetssuch ascatsanddogs, and highly recognizable animals such aszebras,tigers,pandas,lizards, andelephants. Many fictional animal-like characters from movies, TV shows, books, or otherentertainmentforms often appear in stuffed toy versions, as do both real and fictional humans if the individual or character is famous enough. These toys are filled with soft plush material.
Stuffed toys come in an array of different sizes, with the smallest being thumb-sized and the largest being larger than a house.However, the largest somewhat commonly produced stuffed toys are not much bigger than a person.Most stuffed toys are designed to be an appropriate size for easycuddling. They also come in a wide variety of colors, cloth surfaces, fur textures, and humanizing embellishments.
Stuffed toys are commonly sold in stores worldwide. Vendors are often abundant at tourist attractions, airports, carnivals, fairs, downtown parks, and general public meeting places of almost any nature, especially if there are children present.
Hoffmann von Fallersleben wrote in 1835: 
"Bring’ uns, lieber Weihnachtsmann, 
Bring’ auch morgen, bringe
Musketier und Grenadier,
Zottelbär und Pantherthier,
Roß und Esel, Schaf und Stier,
Lauter schöne Dinge!"
which can be translated as: "Dear Father Christmas, bring us musketeer and grenadier, shaggy bear and panther, steed and donkey, sheep and steer: lots of lovely things."
In 1878,The Delineator, an American magazine that offered sewing patterns, offered a "Pattern for an elephant and blanket" that was intended to be a child's toy.
Two years later, the first known commercially available stuffedfeltelephant originally sold as apincushion, was made byMargarete Steiff, founder of the GermanSteiffcompany in 1880, using the Delinator pattern.Steiff used newly developed technology for manufacturingupholsteryto make its stuffed toys.In 1892, theIthaca Kittybecame one of the first mass-produced stuffed animal toys in the United States, which was sold as "The Tabby Cat" printed pattern onmuslinbyArnold Print Works.
The toy industry significantly expanded in the early 20th century. In 1903,Richard Steiff, nephew of Margarete, designed a soft stuffed bear that differed from earlier traditionalrag dollsbecause it was made of plush furlike fabric.As an art student in Stuttgart he visited the zoo and sketched the bears, which became the inspiration for his first life-like toy bear, known as "55 PB".At the same time, in the US,Morris Michtomcreated the first teddy bear after being inspired by a drawing of President"Teddy" Rooseveltwith a bear cub.In 1903, the characterPeter Rabbitfrom English authorBeatrix Potterwas the first fictional character to be made into a patented stuffed toy.The following year they went on sale and were mass produced by Steiff.The popularity of stuffed toys grew, with numerous manufacturers forming in Germany, the United Kingdom,and the United States.Many people also handmade their own stuffed toys. For instance,sock monkeysoriginated when parents turned old socks into toys during theGreat Depression.
In 1921,A. A. Milnebought a stuffed toy fromHarrodsdepartment store in London for his sonChristopher Robin, a toy which would later inspire the author's creation ofWinnie-the-Pooh.Stuffed toys ofPaddington Bear, a character created byMichael Bond, were first produced by the family ofJeremy Clarksonin 1972, with the family eventually selling the rights to London-basedHamleys, the world's oldest toy store.More recent lines of stuffed animals have been created around unique concepts, likeUglydoll, introduced in 2001, with a number of recognizable characters and overarching style.
Modern plushies fromJapanare known forkawaiistyles, generally thought of as (at least globally) starting withSanrio'sHello Kitty, with many popular characters from popular media likePikachuandEeveefromPokémon, and characters fromstationerycompanySan-XincludingRilakkumaand theSumikko Gurashicharacters.There is also a trend of Japanese plushies being shaped likemochi.
Children, as well as adults, can form connections with their stuffed toys, often sleeping or cuddling with them for comfort. They can be sentimental objects that reduceanxiety around separation,self-esteem, andfear of the night.In 2019 about a third of British adults reported sleeping with soft toys, and almost half had kept their childhood toys.
Stuffed toys are made from a range of materials. The earliest were created from felt,velvet, ormohairand stuffed with straw,horsehair, orsawdust.Following World War II, manufacturers began to adopt more synthetic materials into production,and in 1954, the first teddy bear made from easily washable materials was produced.Modern stuffed toys are commonly constructed of outer fabrics such as plain cloth,pile textileslikeplushorterrycloth, or sometimes socks. Common stuffing materials includesynthetic fiber,batting,cotton,straw,wood wool,plastic pellets, andbeans. Some modern toys incorporate technology to move and interact with the user.
Manufacturers sell two main types of stuffed toys: licensed, which are toys of characters or other licensed properties, or basic, which take the shape of ordinary animals or other non-licensed subjects.
Stuffed toys can also be homemade from numerous types of fabric oryarn. For instance,amigurumiis a traditional Japanese type ofknittedorcrochetedstuffed toy typically made with an oversized head and undersized extremities to lookkawaii('cute').
Stuffed toys are among the most popular toys, especially for children. Their uses include imaginative play,comfort objects, display or collecting, and gifts to both children and adults for occasions such as graduation, illness, condolences,Valentine's Day,Christmas, or birthdays. In 2018, the global market for stuffed toys was estimated to beUS$7.98 billion, with the growth in target consumers expected to drive sales upwards.
Many stuffed toys have becomefadsthat have boosted the industry overall.Teddy bears were an early fad that quickly grew into a cultural phenomenon.Close to 100 years later, in the 1990s,Ty WarnercreatedBeanie Babies, a series of animals stuffed with plastic pellets. The toys became a fad through marketing strategies that increased demand and encouraged collection.Pillow Pets, which can be folded from a pillow into a stuffed animal, were another successful brand, launching in 2003 and selling more than 30 million toys between 2010 and 2016.
Other recent fads have involved toys paired with technology.Tickle Me Elmo, a laughing and shaking plush toy based on the characterElmofrom theSesame Streettelevision show, was released in 1996 and was soon in demand, with some people buying and reselling the toy for hundreds of dollars.This popularity sparked similar fads, including therobotictalking plush toyFurbyreleased in 1998andZhuZhu Pets, a line of robotic plush hamsters released in 2009.
The Internet also presented an opportunity for new stuffed toy fads. In 2005,Ganzlaunched itsWebkinzstuffed toys, which each came with a different "Secret Code" that gave access to the Webkinz World website and avirtual versionof the toy for online play.Webkinz's success inspired the creation of other stuffed toys containing codes to unlock digital content, such as the formeronline worldsDisney'sClub Penguinand Build-A-Bearville fromBuild-A-Bear Workshop. In 2013,Disneylaunched its first collection ofDisney Tsum Tsumstuffed toys based on characters from different Disney properties. Inspired by the popular app of the same name, Tsum Tsums were first released in Japan (an example ofmochishaped plushies) before expanding to the United States.More recently, in 2021,Squishmallowshave made an appearance as a popular Internet fad and collector's item.