Molise

Molise(UK:/mɒˈliːzeɪ/mol-EE-zay,US:/ˈmoʊlizeɪ,moʊˈliːzeɪ/MOH-lee-zay, moh-LEE-zay;Italian:[moˈliːze];Molisan:Mulise,pronounced[mə'li.zə]) is aregioninSouthern Italy. Until 1963, it formed part of the region ofAbruzzi e Molisetogether withAbruzzo. The split, which did not become effective until 1970, makes Molise the newest region in Italy. Covering 4,438 square kilometres (1,714 sq mi), it is the second smallest region in the country, after theAosta Valley, and has a population of 313,348 (as of 1 January 2015).
The region is split into two provinces, named after their capitals:CampobassoandIsernia.Campobassoalso serves as the regional capital.
Molise is bordered byAbruzzoto the north,Apuliato the east,Lazioto the west, andCampaniato the south. It has 35 kilometres (22 miles) of sandy coastline to the northeast, lying on theAdriatic Sealooking out toward theTremiti Islands. The countryside of Molise is mostly mountainous, with 55% covered by mountains and most of the rest by hills that go down to the sea.
Agriculture, involving small and micro holdings, is currently offering high-quality products. The agricultural holdings produce wine, cereals, olive oil, vegetables, fruits and dairy products. Traditional products areGrass Pea (cicerchia)andFarro. Molise's autochthonous grape isTintiliawhich has been rediscovered during the last ten years, and many other PDO (DOP) wines, both red and white.
Though there is a largeFiatplant (Termoli), the industrial sector is dominated by the farming industry with small and medium-sized farms spread widely throughout the region. Another important industry is food processing: pasta, meat, milk products, oil and wine are the traditional products of the region. In the services sector the most important industries are distribution, hotels and catering, followed by transport and communications, banking and insurance. With few exceptions, in all sectors firms are small, and this explains the difficulties encountered when marketing products on a national scale.
International tourism is growing largely as a result of the recent opening of international flights from other European countries toPescara Airport, which is not far to the north in Abruzzo and connected to Molise by theA14 highway(the only highway passing through Molise, by Termoli).
The unemployment rate stood at9.5%in 2020.
Molise has many small and picturesque villages. Four of them have been selected byI Borghi più belli d'Italia(English:'The most beautiful villages of Italy'),a non-profit private association of small Italian towns of strong historical and artistic interest,founded on the initiative of the Tourism Council of the National Association of Italian Municipalities.
The density of the population in Molise is well below the national average. In 2008, Molise registered 72.3 inhabitants per km, compared to a national figure of 198.8. The region is subdivided into two provinces: Campobasso and Isernia, which together cover 1.5% of Italy's territory and less than 1% of its population. The larger province in terms of area is Campobasso at 2,909 km, while the smaller is Isernia at 1,529 km. The province of Campobasso is the more densely populated of the two provinces, with 79.4 inhabitants per km, whereas Isernia registers 58.9 inhabitants per km.At the end of 2008 the most populous towns were Campobasso (51,247 inhabitants), Termoli (32,420) and Isernia (21,811).
In the period 1951–71, large-scale emigration to other countries of the European Union, to other parts of Italy and overseas led to a significant decline in the population of Molise. Negative net migration persisted until 1981. Large-scale emigration has caused many of the smaller towns and villages to lose over 60% of their population, while only a small number of larger towns have recorded significant gains. From 1982 to 1994, net migration has been positive, then followed by a negative trend until 2001. Between 1991 (330,900 inhabitants) and 2001 (320,601 inhabitants), the population of the region decreased by 3.1%;since 2001 the population remained stable.
The region is home to two main ethnic minorities: theMolisan Croats(20,000 people who speak an old Dalmatian dialect of Croatian alongside Italian), and those who speak theArbëreshdialect of Albanian in five towns of "basso Molise" in the province of Campobasso.
Molise comprises two provinces:
Molise has much tradition from the religious to the pagan, many museums, archeological sites, musical and food events.
Tradition
Arts, musical and food festivals
Museums
The cuisine of Molise is similar to thecuisine of Abruzzo, though there are some differences in the dishes and ingredients.  The flavors of Molise are dominated by the many aromaticherbsthat grow there. Some of the characteristic foods include spicysalami, a variety of locally producedcheeses, dishes usinglamborgoat,pastadishes with hearty sauces, and vegetables that grow in the region.
In addition tobruschetta, a typicalantipastowill consist of any of several meat dishes, such as the sausagescapocollo, thefennel-seasoned salsiccie al finocchio,soppressata,ventricina, frascateglie or sanguinaccio. In addition to these sausages, a variety ofhamis available, such as smokedprosciutto.  Frequently, the sausages are enjoyed withpolenta.
Main dishes of the region include:
Common second dishes (often meat and vegetable dishes) are:
Typical vegetable dishes may include:
Fish dishes include red mullet soup, and spaghetti withcuttlefish.Troutfrom theBifernoriver is notable for its flavor, and is cooked with a simple but tasty sauce of aromatic herbs. Zuppa di pesce, a fish stew, is a specialty ofTermoli.
The cheeses produced in Molise are not very different from those produced in Abruzzo. The more common ones are Burrino and Manteca, soft, buttery cow's-milk cheeses; Pecorino, sheep's-milk cheese, served young and soft or aged and hard, called also "Maciuocco" in Molise; Scamorza, bland cow's-milk cheese, often served grilled; andCaciocavallo, sheep's-milk cheese.
Sweets and desserts have an ancient tradition here and are linked to the history of the territory and to religious and family festivities. Most common are:
Molise istwinnedwith: