Tńg-se̍h chhiat-siah kang-kū (khí-kho)

Khí-khoêtńg-se̍h chhiat-siahkang-kū(dental instruments) chú-iàu sī pau-koahbôa-chiam(bur),géng-bôa ke-si(abrading tool), kapthui-kim-châi(polishing agent) chit 3 lūi. Pau-hâm ê hōan-ûi chiâⁿ-khoah, ùi tan to-mê êlak-chǹg(twist drill) kàu to to-mê ê chhiat-siah ê bôa-chiam, sīm-chì kúi 10 ê to-mê piàn-sêng bôa-iù ê kong-lêng ê bôa-chiam; ùithoàⁿ-kǹg,o·-kǹg, chia siāng-chē sò·-cha̍p ê to-mê kàusoān-chio̍hbôa-chiam ū sǹg-bē-chheng ê soān-chio̍h khò-lia̍p, téng-î sī sǹg-bē-chheng ê to-mê, chhiat-siah ê lêng-le̍k tōa-tōa cheng-ka; tán-kàu thui-kim-châi, khò-lia̍p sò·-bo̍k kèng-ka put-khó-soàn, m̄-koh soah in-ūi khò-lia̍p ê sèng-chit kan-taⁿ ū phau-kng ê kong-lêng. Sui-bóng chia ê chē-chē ke-si ê gōa-piáu koh-iūⁿ, chhiat-siah kong-lêng chha-pia̍t chin-tōa, in lóng kāng-khoán ài thàu-kòe tńg-se̍h, pháng ê tōng-chok chiah ē-sái hoat-hui in kò-pia̍t ê kong-lêng.
Bôa-chiam ū kúi-nā-chióng hêng-sek ê chhiat-siah to-mê, ùi ko·-chi̍t-ê to-chhùi ê lak-chǹg-á kàu 2 ê, 3 ê, 6 ê, 12 ê sīm-chì 40 ê to-chhùi ê lia̍t-kau bôa-chiam (fissured bur). Bôa-chiam in-ūi chè-chō ê koan-hē ài hoán-sî-kè tńg-se̍h chiah-ū chhiat-siah ê kong-lêng. Bôa chiam it-poaⁿ sī iōng thòaⁿ-kǹg he̍k o·-kǹg chè-chō.
Géng-bôa ke-si kah bôa-chiam bô-kâng, i ē-sái siang-ê hong-hiòng tńg-se̍h, lóng-ū chhiat-siah ê lêng-le̍k. Tī i ê chhiat-siah pō·-ūi ū liâm géng-bôa ê châi-liāu hó-pí sī soān-chio̍h,garnet, he̍ksoa. Chia-ê géng-bôa khò-lia̍p chhùn-chhioh ē-sái tōa ē-sái sió, ē-sái tēng ē-sái nńg, khòaⁿ sī beh bôa ia̍h si beh phau-kng kian-ngē êiù-hûi-á(porcelain),tô-chû(ceramic),khí-iū-chit,kim-sio̍k, he̍k khah nńg êho̍k-ha̍p chhiū-chí,khí-pún-chit,chhiū-chí.Soān-chio̍h bôa-chio̍h,carborundum bôa-chio̍h,chhiū-ni géng-bôa lián-á, kapsandpaper disksī chit-lūi ke-si siāng-chia̍p-khòaiⁿ ê lē.
Thui-kim-châi khah-chió iōng--tio̍h, sī bô seng liâm tī pèⁿ ê koân-téng ê chhiat-siah châi-liāu. In beh iōng ê sî-chūn chiah ùn-tâm pìⁿ-chiâⁿ thô·-moâi-chiuⁿ, jiân-āu boah tī phau-kng ê pò·-lián, chhéng-á, he̍k chhiū-ni-poe-au-á (rubber cup) lâi sú-iōng.
Bôa-chiamū to̍k-li̍p 1 phiⁿ.
Bôa-chiam it-poaⁿ the̍h-lâi chhiachhùi-khí, kim-sio̍k.
Ùi chhiat-siah hit thâu khòaⁿ, bôa-chiam ê to-mê sī beh hoán-sî-kè hong-hiòng lâi chhiat-siah mi̍h-kiāⁿ. Tiāⁿ-khoàiⁿ ê bôa-chiam khoán-sek ū ē-kha chit kúi-hāng (āu-bīn ê sò·-jī sī in ê pian-hō, sò·-jī jú-tōa thâu ê ti̍t-kèng jú-tōa):
Soān-chio̍h bôa-chio̍h it-poaⁿ the̍h-lâi chhia chhùi-khí, iù-hûi-á, tô-chû, kap ho̍k-ha̍p chhiū-chí, siāng-hó mài ēng-lâi chhia kim-sio̍k, kap a-khuh-lih chhiū-chí.
Soān-chio̍h bôa-chio̍h (diamond stone) sī kā kang-gia̍p soān-chio̍h liâm tī bôa-chiam ê thâu, thong-siông sī tàu tīko-sok chhiú-kileh sú-iōng, ū kok-chióng tōa-sè kap hêng-chōng, só· liâm ê soān-chio̍h ū hun chho·-iù. It-poaⁿ lâi-kóng in bô-èng-kai ēng lâi chhiatkim-sio̍khe̍k bô thiân-liāu êā-khú-lih chhiū-chí(unfilled acrylic resin); èng-kai ēng tī chhiat-siahchhùi-khíê khí-chit,hûi-á(porcelain), kapho̍k-ha̍p chhiū-chí.
An-chong hó-sè ê bôa-chio̍h (mounted stone) í-keng kā bôa-chio̍h tàu-sí tī pèⁿ téng-thâu. Bôa-chio̍h ê sêng-hūn siāng-chia̍p iōng ê sīsilicon carbide(SiC) kapaluminum oxide(Al2O3), ah kā in kiat-ha̍p chò-hóe ê kiat-ha̍p-chè (bonding agent) sīpo-lê(vitreous)he̍ktô-chû(ceramic). Silicon carbide chò ê bôa-chio̍h thong-siông sīchheⁿ-sekhe̍ko·-sek, (siang-phín-miâ Carborundum stone tio̍h sī silicon carbide chò--ê). Aluminum oxide chò ê bôa-chio̍h tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ sīpe̍h-sek--ê. Àn-chiàu châi-chit ê bô-kâng, bôa-chio̍h sú-iōng tī bô-kâng chêng-hêng, chhin-chhiūⁿ tīki-kang-seksú-iōng lâi bôachromium-cobalt alloyê bôa-chio̍h tio̍h bē-sái the̍h-lâi ēng tī chhùi-lāi.
In ê hun-lūi bô piau-chún, lóng-sī ta̍k keng chhiúⁿ-siong ū in ka-tī ê hun-lūi hong-sek.
Iōng soān-chio̍h bôa-chio̍h kā bôa, chit-chióng bôa-chio̍h ê hêng-chōng ē-sái kái-piàn; he̍k-sī tun--khì ê mê-kak mā ē-sái bôa hō· lāi.
Bô tàu pèⁿ ê bôa-chio̍h (unmouted stone) tī tiong-sim ū 1 khang, beh ēng ê sî-chūn chiah ēnglô͘-sikā só tī chhia-sim-koaⁿ (mandrel) téng-koân.
Che (heatless stone)sī hui-siông chho· ê bôa-chio̍h, chhiat-siah sok-tō· chiâⁿ kín, thong-siông the̍h-lâi bôa kim-sio̍k kap hûi-á. I ê kāu-tō· ùi/32" kàu/16"; ti̍t-kèng uì/2" kàu 1". Bôa ê sî-chūn ē sán-seng chiok-chē eng-ia, lóng ài tī hong-pì ê khong-kan sú-iōng.
Che ē-tàng tīkī-kang-sekhe̍kchín-só·sú-iōng, ē-sái bôa, ē-sái chhiat. I thong-siông sī po̍h-po̍h chi̍t-phìⁿ, ti̍t-kèng 7/8 inch, kāu 0.5-0.6 mm (0.022 inch). Ū chi̍t-ê khoán-sek sī 1-bīn chho·, 1-bīn iù, chiâⁿ hó-ēng. Sui-bóng i chiâⁿ chhè gâu phòa, m̄-koh bē-kùi.
Che mā-sī carborundum disk, m̄-koh koh-khah po̍h, kan-taⁿ 0.25 mm (0.01 inch), ti̍t-kèng kāng-khoán 7/8 inch.
Hûi-á géng-bôa lián-á (porcelain grinding wheel) sī hui-siông iù ê bôa-chio̍h, choan-bûn bôa hûi-á ê. Ti̍t-kèng 16 mm (5/8 inch), kāu 2 mm.
Chhiū-ni géng-bôa lián-á kap géng-bôa-lia̍p (rubber wheel and point) ê kiat-ha̍p-chè sī chhiū-ni, it-poaⁿ lāi-bīn só· kiat-ha̍p ê géng-bôa sêng-hūn sī koh-iūⁿ tōa-sè ê aluminum oxide he̍k silica khò-lia̍p. In chú-iàu ê kong-lêng sī khì-tû chìn-chêng iōng khah-chho· ê bôa-chio̍h he̍k bôa-chiam chhiat-siah  só· chō-sêng ê khah-chhim ê hûn-jiah, hō· khah pêⁿ-sūn iù-chíⁿ, sòa--lo̍h-lâi thang-hó phau-kng thui-kim. In ê kāu-tō· tāi-iok 1/16 inch kàu 1/8 inch (1.6 mm kàu 3.2 mm), ti̍t-kèng tāi-iok tī 3/8 inch kap 1 inch (9.5 mm kap 25.4 mm) chi-kan. Lián-á sī ēng-lâi bôa pêⁿ-bīn he̍k  thok-bīn. Tī khah e̍h-sè ê só·-chāi chhiūⁿhoat-io̍k-kauhe̍k kî-thaⁿ lap-o-bīn tio̍h ēng géng-bôa-lia̍p he̍k khah sè-lia̍p piⁿ-á khah po̍h ê sè-lia̍p lián-á khì bôa. Mā ū chham soān-chio̍h-ìu-á ê chhiū-ni lián-á kap bôa-lia̍p-á.
Che sī chi̍t-chióng pí chhiūⁿ-nî lián-á koh-khah jiû-nńg ê géng-bôa-phìⁿ, thong-siông sīchóa-thâu,pò·-liāu,chhiū-chí,phôe-kekhe̍k chit-kúi-chióng hùn-ha̍p ê châi-chit, tī téng-bīn liâm géng-bôa khò-lia̍p lâi chò-sêng. I ê tiong-sim ū khang, beh-ēng chiah tàu he̍k só tī chhia-sim-koaⁿ téng-thâu. Chhia-sim-koaⁿ ū iōng lô͘-si só--ê, mā ū iōng ti̍t-chiap chhi̍h-hō·-ân--ê (snap-on-type); lô͘-si só--ê kan-taⁿ ē-sái chi̍t-ê hong-hiòng tńg-se̍h. Géng-bôa-phìⁿ só· chham ê géng-bôa khò-lia̍p ū aluminum oxide, soān-chio̍h, kap silicon carbide; nā-sī chham emery, garnet, flint, cuttle, crocus, he̍k rouge tio̍h khah sek-ha̍p chò phau-kng ê sú-iōng.
Thui-kim sī ké-chhùi-khí ê ki-pún iau-kiû, chho·-pê-pê ê piáu-bīn ē chō-sêng bô-sóng-khòai kap siong-hāi. Chū-thâu-kàu-bóe àn-chiàu chho·-iù, ùi chho·-si ê bôa-chio̍h kàu iù-si ê thui-kim-châi sūn-sī lâi géng-bôa sī tit-tio̍h kim-ku̍t kng-iāⁿ piáu-bīn ê mê-kak. Thui-kim-châi thong-siông sī hún-lia̍p he̍k kiat-chò kui-kak, beh ēng ê sî-chūn chiah ùn-chúi hō· tâm, boah tī pò·-phit-thâu chò ê lián-á, tàu tīchhia-chhn̂glâi phau-kng.
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