davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Timur Pradopo

Jenderal Pulisi Drs. Timur Pradopo (miyos ing Jombang, Jawa Wétan, 10 Januari 1956) inggih punika pangarsanipun Kapulisian Indonésia wiwit 22 Oktober 2010. Jenderal bintang sekawan punika alumnus Akadhemi Kapulisian Républik Indonésia (AKABRI) taun 1978 punika dados gantosipun Jenderal Bambang HEndarso Danuri. Panjenenganipun pikantuk bebingah Satya Lencana 16 taun. Komjen Pulisi Timur Pradopo inggih punika lulusan Akadhemi Kapulisian Républik Indonésia (AKABRI) ing taun 1978. Panjenenganipun miwiti kariéripun minangka Perwira Samapta Poltabes Semarang. Taun 1997-1999, Timur dados Kapolres Metro Jakarta Kilèn, Kapolres Metro Jakarta Pusat (2000), lan Kapolwiltabes Bandung (2001).
Urutan kariéripun Timur Pradopo inggih punika:
http://hendralesmana.com/timur-pradopo-profil-dan-biodata.wp Archived 2011-08-23 at the Wayback Machine. Timur Pradopo Profil dan Biodata Timur Pradopo]
Dhialèk Jawa Wétanan

Carabasa Jawa Wétanan (Ind: dialek bahasa Jawa Timur) utawa basa Jawa Wétanan (iku salah siji saka telung carabasa gedhé basa Jawa kang dicaturaké ing mèh saindengé tlatah Jawa Wétan lan sawenèh tlatah Jawa Tengah brang lor-wétan. Carabasa Jawa Wétanan brang lor watesé tekan tlatah Jawa Tengah, déné brang kidul ora nyrambahi kabèh tlatah kidul Jawa Wétan. Paling kulon, carabasa Jawa Wétanan dicaturaké tekan Pathi lan Grobogan. Paling wétan, carabasa Jawa Wétanan dicaturaké tekan Banyuwangi, kang sapérangané nganggo basa Using. Carabasa iki dumadi saka pirang-pirang bageyan carabasa kaya: Blora, Pathi, Bojanegara, Gresik, Surabaya, Malang, Pasuruan, lsp.
Carabasa Jawa Wétanan yèn dibandhingna karo carabasa baku (carabasa Jawa Tengahan), bédané katon ing babagan swarajati (Ind: fonetik) lan paramasastra (Ind: tatabahasa).
Ing sawenèh wewengkon, kaya Gresik, Pasuruan, Surabaya, Sidaharja, fonem swara carabasa Jawa Wétanan kang ditemokaké ana wolu: /a/, /i/, /u/, /e/, /ə/, /ɛ/, /o/, lan /ɔ/. Iki béda saka gunggung fonem swara kang ditemokaké ing carabasa baku kang cacahé enem: /a/, /i/, /u/, /e/, /ə/, lan /o/, déné /ɛ/ lan /ɔ/ dianggep alofon. Pasangan minimal kanggo nuduhaké yèn /ɛ/ lan /ɔ/ iku fonem contoné tembung /ɔmbɔ/ ('jembar') lan /amba/ ('ngambah'), uga tembung /kabe/ ('kulawarga berencana') lan /kabɛ/ ('kabèh').
Ing carabasa Jawa Wétanan, ana korèspondhènsi antarané uni [ɛh] lan [ɔh] karo [ɪh] lan [ʊh] ing carabasa Jawa Tengahan. Contoné kaya ing Pasuruan karo Bojanegara, tembung /mulɛh/ korèspondhènsi lan tembung mulih /mulɪh/ ing carabasa Jawa Tengahan, déné tembung /abɔh/ korèspondhènsi lan tembung abuh /abʊh/ ing carabasa Jawa Tengahan.
Fonem /w/ ing awal tembung iku ora muncul ing carabasa Jawa Wétanan. Contoné, tembung Jawa Tengahan wétan, weruh, karo wutuh dadi /etan/, /ərʊ(h)/ utawa /ərɔ(h)/, karo /utʊ(h)/.
Ing babagan gramatika, carabasa Jawa Wétanan duwé ciri ing tataran morfologi lan sintaksis.
Ana limang ciri morfologi kang mbédakaké carabasa Jawa Wétanan saka Jawa Tengahan, ya iku:
Ciri sintaksis kang mbédakaké carabasa Jawa Wétanan saka Jawa Tengahan katon ing struktur ukara pasif mawa pelaku persona I lan II. Nèk strukturé ing carabasa baku tak-V utawa kok-V, ing carabasa Jawa Wétanan strukturé dadi di-V (karo) awakku utawa di-V (karo) awakmu.
Ibrahim Khalil Alkatiri

Ibrahim Khalil Alkatiri utawi asring dipuntimbali kanthi nama Baim (lair ing Malang, Jawa Timur, 7 Juni 2004; umur 20 taun) inggih punika aktor alit saking Indonesia. Namanipun Baim misuwur awit main ing sinétron Cerita SMA. Wiwit punika, paraga Ibrahim Khalil Alkatiri ing sadaya sinetronipun tansah ngagem nama Baim. Saderengipun Baim ugi naté main ing sinétron Doo Bee Doo. Baim wiwit tepang kaliyan jagad sinétron nalika ngeter syuting kangmasipun, Akbar Khalil Alkatiri. Sanajan taksih nem sanget, nanging Baim kalebet lare alit ingkang sukses sanget. Lan kanggé raos syukuripun, Baim asring paring mbagi-mbagi rejeki dhateng kanca-kancanipun.
Baim sampun kathah main sinétron, kados sinétron Doo Bee Doo, Cerita SMA, Tarzan Cilik, Baim Anak Sholeh, Buku Harian Baim, Koboi Cabe Rawit, Arti Sahabat, Bintang untuk Baim, lan Baim Jaim. Sanèsipun ing jagad sinétron, Baim ugi naté main filem Bersama Ceria. Baim ugi laris dados bintang iklan, kados iklan Curcuma Plus, Enfagrow En-Plus, Nutrilion Royal 3, Sharp AQUOS, Vita Jelly Drink, Gery Pasta, Gery Meses, XL, Daihatsu Xenia. Samenik Baim dherek satunggalipun grup band alit Radja Cilik satunggalipun grup band damelanipun Moldy Radja.
Agrowisata Blimbing Karangsari

Agrowisata Blimbing Karangsari yaiku papan wisata awujud kebon blimbing kang ana ing Kalurahan Karangsari, Kacamatan Sukareja, Kutha Blitar. Kebon iki ambané ana 5,5 héktar kanthi cacahing tanduran nganti 1993 wit, déné ana 50 among tani kang mèlu anglakokaké kebon iki. Papan wisata iki uga makolèh pangaji-aji saka pamaréntah, kayata pangaji-aji Ketahanan Pangan ing 2010 ing Istana Negara, pangaji-aji Gubernur Jawa Wétan sajroning Inovasi Teknologi Produk Unggulan 2013, sarta Anugerah Produk Pertanian Berdaya Saing 2013 ing Jakarta. Ora lali, Agrowisata Blimbing Karangsari iki minangka siji-sijiné papan wisata binanis tetanèn ing Kutha Blitar.
Kalurahan Karangsari dikenal minangka kalurahan kang duwèni potènsi blimbing kang ngrembaka banget lan duwèni variétas blimbing ajeneng blimbing Karangsari. Blimbing iki bibité saka Bangkok, Thailand lan kanggo sapisanan dikrembakaké lan ditandur ing Karangsari déning warga Karangsari kang paring asma Slamet ing tahun 1985. Banjur kagiyatan iki diterusaké déning Imam Surani lan ayasa Kelompok Tani Marga Mulya ing taun iku pisan.
Ing taun 1990-an dhèwèké awit ngadumaké bibit-bibit anyar iku mau marang para warga Karangsari supaya ing wayah mengko tlatah Karangsari bisa dadi kampung kang binasis agro. Pungkasan saka adum-adumé iku njalari saben omah ing Karangsari pinaès wit blimbing ing ngarep omah. Ing wayah sabanjuré, Imam Surani lan para paraga masarakat duwèni karep kanggo ngajokaké proposal marang pamaréntah kanggo andadèkaké Karangsari minangka jujugan wisata blimbing. Pungkasan pamaréntah nyarujuki apa kang wus dikarepaké déning masarakat Karangsari lan ing taun 2007 kanthi rasmi Karangsari dumadi désa agrowisata blimbing. Lan ing taun 2010 kanthi rasmi papan iki binukak kanggo umum minangka papan wisata édukasi.
Ing taun 2020 waé wus ana kira-kira 25 ewu wit blimbing ing Karangsari. Imam Surani naté diundang menyang Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ana 15 dina suwéné kanggo nekani patemon teknologi sa-Asia Kidul-wétan. Nalika blimbing Karangsari ginawa menyang Kuala Lumpur, jebulé saka nagara-nagara sa-Asia Kidul-wétan ora ana kang bisa madhani ukuran blimbing iki, yaiku 500-800 gram.
Ana manèka warna blimbing kang bisa diolah dumadu pirang-pirang produk kayata, blimbing kang kematengen bisa diolah dumadi opak gambir, déné blimbing afkir bisa diolah dumadi kripik blimbing, manisan garing blimbing, dan puré blimbing.
Saka Alun-Alun Blitar wisatawan bisa njupuk arah mangulon nganti tinemu prapatan bangjo. Banjur njupuk jalur kiwa nganti nemu bangjo manèh lan njupuk jalur lurus watara sakilomèter nganti tumeka ing pom bènsin. Manawa wus tumeka ing kono, papan wisata Blimbing Karangsari mapan ing buri pom bènsin iku kanthi mlebu gang ing sisih loring pom bènsin.
Wayah operasional papan wisata iki saben dina, bukak awit jam 08.00 WIB tumeka jam 16.00 WIB. Karcis mlebuné Rp.10.000,- saben wong. Déné rega blimbing per kiloné Rp.10.000,-. Karcis mlebuné iku wus kalebu welcome drink sari woh blimbing kang diolah dhéwé déning masarakat kono. Papan wisata iki ditekani déning watara 2000 wisatawan saben sasiné, lan ing pungkasing minggu bisa nganti 500 wong.
Hallyu

Hallyu utawi Korean Wave (Hangul: 한류; Hanja: 韓流; RR: Hallyu, Indonésia: "Gelombang Koréa") punika istilah kanggé nyebaripun budaya pop Koréa kanthi global ing nagara-nagara sanès ing donya. Padatanipun Hallyu damel kathah tiyang ing nagara-nagara mau supados nyinaoni babagan Basa Koréa lan kabudayan Koréa.
Keremenan marang budaya pop Koréa kawiwitan ing Republik Rakyat Cina lan Asia Tenggara nalika pungkasan taun 1990-an. Istilah Hanliu (韓流, Basa Koréa:한류;Hallyu) dipunadopsi déning médhia Cina bibar album musik pop Koréa, HOT, dipunrilis ing Cina. Serial drama TV Koréa wiiwt dipunputer ing Cina lan nyebar ing nagara-nagara sanès kados Hongkong, Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia, Filipina, Jepang, Amérikah Sarékat, Amérika Latin lan Timur Tengah. Sapunika, Hallyu ugi narok kawigatosan marang produk Koréa Kidul, kados masakan Koréa, piranti elektronik, musik lan filem. Kawontenan punika ugi damel promosi Basa Koréa lan budaya Koréa dhateng nagara-nagara sanès. Pamaréntahan Koréa piyambak sarujuk lan gadhah peran anggènipun nyebaraken Hallyu.
Drama Koréa punika ingkang dados penyebab saking kawiwitanipun Hallyu ing manéka nagara. Warga Koréa Kidul remen mirsani drama lan filem ugi mirengaken musik. Perusahaan TV Koréa medalaken béaya ingkang ageng kanggé damel produksi drama lan sapérangan punika pikantuk kasuksesan, dipunekspor dhateng jaban rangkah. Drama TV ingkang damel Hallyu punika ing antawisipun Winter Sonata, Dae Jang Geum, Stairway to Heaven, Beautiful Days lan Hotelier. Kawontenan punika dados médhia kanggé miyaraken Basa Koréa lan budaya Koréa. Alur caritanipun ingkang kuwat, genré ingkang gadhah variasi, lan akting para juru main ingkang saé. Kajawi punika carita ingkang trep kaliyan budaya masarakat Asia babagan katresnan, pangorbanan, lan pagesangan ingkang kagambar ing drama Koréa punika boten tebih saking konsèp pagesangan ingkang wonten ing masarakat Asia.
Film Koréa sareng kaliyan drama TV lan musik pop punika kalebet produk utama Hallyu ingkang dipunremeni boten ing sajeroning nagari kemawon nanging ugi dumugi nagara sanès. Wiwitanipun filem Hongkong ingkang mendominasi biyoskup ing Asia, nanging saduginipun Hallyu lajeng wiwit kesaingan déning filem Koréa. Film produksi Koréa Kidul dipuntepangi amargi alur caritanipun ingkang kuwat lan genré ingkang variatif saéngga saged narik kawigatosan pamirsa.
Martha Tilaar

Martha Tilaar (miyos ing Kebumen, Jawa Tengah, 4 September 1937) inggih punika salah satunggaling wanita ingkang dados pengusaha sukses ing jagad bisnis kosmètik lan jamu tradhisional. Mèrk dagangipun anama Sariayu. Panjenenganipun dhaup palakarami kaliyan Prof. DR. H.A.R Tilaar lan patutan sekawan inggih punika, Bryan Emil Tilaar, Pinkan Tilaar, Wulan Tilaar,lan Kilala Tilaar. Nalika taksih timur, Martha kuliah wonten ing jurusan sajarah, IKIP Negeri Jakarta. Panjenenganipun lulus taun 1962 lajeng ngasta wulangan sajarah. Ibunipun Martha tansah ngèmutaken bilih minangka guru, Martha kedah katon saé wonten sangajenging murid-murid.. Salajengipun Martha dipunpeksa déning ibunipun supados ndhèrèk les dandan. Wekdal samanten panjenenganipun ngangsu kawruh kaliyan Titi Purwosoenoe. Wiwit saking punika, Martha Tilaar tresna dhumateng jagading dandan. Martha ugi naté sinau wonten ing Academy of Beauty Culture, Bloomington, Indiana, Amérikah Sarékat nalika ndherèkaken garwa tugas belajar. Martha ugi naté dados salesgirl produk kosmetik Avon. Wanita ingkang pikantuk gelar Dhoktor Kormatan (Honoris Causa) wonten ing babagan Fashion and Artistry saking World University Tuscon, Arizona, Amérikah Sarékat taun 1984 punika miwiti bisnis saking nol. Tanggal 3 Januari 1970,Martha ndamel salon ing garasi dalemipun tiyang sepuhipun Martha ing Menteng, Jakarta. Salon punika dipuntengeri "Martha Salon". Salon punika minangka cikal bakaling tuwuhing Sariayu Martha Tilaar.
Sai krok isan

Sai krok Isan ( Thai: ไส้กรอกอีสาน , kocapan [sâj krɔ̀ːk ʔīːsǎːn] ), minangka salah sawijining jinis olahan arupa sosis fermentasi sing asale saka provinsi sisih lor-wétan Thailand . Digawe nganggo daging babi lan beras, lan biasane dipangan minangka cemilan sing disedhiyakake karo ￼￼lombok mripat manuk, kubis mentah, lan jahe sing diiris.
Kanafèh

Kanafeh ( Arab: كُنافة‎‎ , [kʊˈnaːfa] (pra=|Babagan swara iki , Basa Turki: Künefe , Levantine :[ˈkneːfe] ) (uga macem-macem ejaan alternatif) minangka panganan mulut tradisional Timur Tengah sing digawe nganggo pastry filo abrit, utawa adonan semolina sing apik, direndhem ing sirup sing adhedhasar gula, lan biasane dilapisi keju, utawa bahan liyane kayata krim clot utawa kacang-kacangan, gumantung saka wilayah kasebut. Kutha iki misuwur ing jagad Arab, utamane wong Lewi lan Mesir, lan utamane ing antarane warga Palestina . Kajaba iku, varian ditemokake ing Turki, Yunani, lan Balkan, uga ing Kaukasus Selatan kayata Armenia lan Azerbaijan .
Salah sawijining persiapan kanafeh sing paling misuwur yaiku knafeh nabulsiyeh, sing asale saka kutha Palestina Nablus, lan minangka panganan cuci mulut Palestina sing paling representatif lan apik. Knafeh nabilsiyeh nggunakake keju brine putih sing diarani Nabulsi . Wis disiapake ing sajian cethek bunder sing gedhe, jajanan diwarnai pewarnaan oranye, lan kadhang dihiasi kacang pistachio sing wis diiris.
Aalst

Is cathair i bhFlóndras, sa Bheilg, é Aalst. Tá an chathair suite i gCúige Fhlóndras Thoir, i dtuaisceart na tíre. Sa bhliain 2016 bhí 84,329 duine ina gcónaí ann.
Tá tionsclaíocht mhór teicstílí in Aalst, idir na teicstílí féin, éadaigh, bróga agus na hinnill chun iad a tháirgeadh.
Converse (comhlacht)

Is comhlacht Meiriceánach é Converse, fochuideachta ar lánúinéireacht de chuid Nike ó 2003. As canbhás ardchaighdeáin a dhéantar bróga Converse. Tá bróga Converse ar fáil d’fhir agus do mhná – gur féidir iad a chaitheamh le chuile chineál éadaigh.
Mickey Mouse

Chruthaigh Walt Disney agus Ub Iwerks an carachtar Mickey Mouse sa bhliain 1928. Bhí sé le feiceáil den chéad uair sa gearrscannán Steamboat Willie, eisithe ar an 18 Samhain 1928. Léirítear Mickey mar fhrancach antrapamorfach. Ba é Walt Disney an chéad ghuth do Mhickey.
Catheann Mickey bríste gearr dearg, bróga mór buí agus lámhainní bána.
Fuair Mickey réalt ar an Hollywood Walk of Fame sa bhliain 1978.
Black Clover season 2

The second season of the Black Clover anime TV series was directed by Tatsuya Yoshihara and produced by Pierrot. The season adapts Yūki Tabata's manga series of the same name from the rest of the 9th volume to the 17th volume (chapters 76–159), with the exception of episodes 55 and 56 (which adapt Tabata and Johnny Onda's light novel, The Book of the Black Bulls), episode 66 (recap), episode 82 (Petit Clover filler), and episodes 85 and 86 (filler). The first 14 episodes (episodes 52–65) focus on the Black Bulls as they enter the Forest of Witches and help heal Asta's arms, which were injured from his battle with the Eye of the Midnight Sun.
The season initially ran from October 2, 2018 to September 24, 2019 on TV Tokyo in Japan, and was released in five DVD and Blu-ray compilations, each consisting of eight to eleven episodes, by Avex Pictures between April 26, 2019 and January 31, 2020. Both Crunchyroll and Funimation licensed the series for an English release, with Crunchyroll simulcast the second season, and Funimation producing a North American Simuldub. Funimation's adaptation aired from January 13, 2019 to January 26, 2020 on Adult Swim's Toonami programming block.
The second season uses eight pieces of theme music: four opening themes and four ending themes. For the first 13 episodes, the opening and ending themes are "Reckless" (ガムシャラ, Gamushara) and "Heaven and Earth" (天上天下, Tenjō Tenge), both performed by Miyuna. The second opening and ending themes, used for episodes 65 to 76, are "Scribble Page" (落書きペイジ, Rakugaki Peiji) by Kankaku Piero and "My Song My Days" by Solidemo with Sakura men. The third opening theme, used for episodes 77 to 94, is "JUSTadICE" by Seiko Ōmori and the ending theme used for episodes 77 to 89, is "The Path of Blooming Flowers" (花が咲く道, Hana ga Saku Michi) by The Charm Park. The fourth opening theme used for episodes 95 to 102 is "Sky & Blue" by Girlfriend and the ending theme used for episodes 90 to 102 is "Against All Gods" by M-Flo.
In Japan, Avex Pictures released the season on DVD and Blu-ray in five "chapter" volumes, with the sixth volume released on April 6, 2019, and the tenth volume released on January 31, 2020.
In North America, Crunchyroll and Funimation released the season on Blu-ray and DVD combination sets, which was labelled as the second of the series. The first volume was released on October 1, 2019, and the fifth and final volume of the season released on June 30, 2020. The third and fifth volumes were also released in limited edition sets. Funimation also distributes the series in Australia and New Zealand via Madman Entertainment, and via Manga Entertainment in the United Kingdom and Ireland.
Black Clover at IMDb
Trifolium dubium

Trifolium dubium, the lesser trefoil, suckling clover, little hop clover or lesser hop trefoil, is a flowering plant in the pea and clover family Fabaceae. This species is generally accepted as the primary plant to represent the traditional Irish shamrock.
It is native to Europe, but can be found in many parts of the world as an introduced species.
It is probably an allotetraploid with 2n=32 that arose from the crossing of Trifolium campestre and T. micranthum.
Lesser hop trefoil, Trifolium dubium, may be confused with other plants that have three leaflets and small yellow flowers, such as large hop trefoil (T. aureum), hop trefoil (T. campestre), black medick (Medicago lupulina), and yellow woodsorrel (Oxalis stricta).
رشيده

رشيده (Rachida) هوا فيلم سينما من نوع دراما اتعمل سنة 2002 فى فرنسا و الجزاير و كان من اخراج يامينا بشير و من تأليف يامينا بشير.
رشيده على موقع قاعدة بيانات الأفلام على الإنترنت - IMDb (الإنجليزية)
لم يتم العثور على روابط لمواقع التواصل الاجتماعي.
رشيده جونز

رشيده چونز (اتولدت 25 فبراير 1976) هى ممثلة سينما وتليفزيون امريكية وبتكتب سيناريو وبتعمل comic books وساعات بتغني. ممثله، وممثلة تيليڤزيون، وممثلة افلام، وسيناريست، و كاتِبه، و مغنيه، و موديل، و مخرجة افلام، و ممثلة صوت. عملت دور Louisa Fenn فى مسلسل بوسطون پابليك (Boston Public) و دور Karen Filippelli فى مسلسل The Office وافلام زى I Love You, Man و The Social Network. بتظهر دلوقتى على قناة NBC فى المسلسل الكوميدى Parks and Recreation فى دور Ann Perkins.
رشيده چونز من مواليد يوم 25 فبراير سنة 1976 فى لوس انجليس .
رشيد الدين الهمذانى

رشيد الدين فضل الله الهمذانى - بالفارسى : رشیدالدین فضل‌الله همدانی - ( 1247 - 1318 ). اكبر و اشهر المؤرخين الفرس فى الدوله الإيلخانيه فى القرنين 13 و 14. كتابه الموسوعى " جامع التواريخ " بيعتبر أحسن و اكمل كتاب إتكتب عن تاريخ مغول فارس. كتابه اللى فصل فيه تاريخ المغول من ايام چنكيز خان وحروبهم ايام هولاكو و غازان اهتم بيه المؤرخين و المستشرقين و الدارسين فى كل العالم و إترجم للغات كتيره لإنه مصدر اساسى عن تاريخ المغول و جغرافيا المنطقه اللى اتوسعوا فيها و حروب المغول ضد مصر و تواطؤ حكام الشام و تحالفهم مع المغول قبل و وقت معركة عين جالوت بين مصر و المغول.
عن طريق شغلته الاساسيه كطبيب دخل البلاط الملكى المغولى الفارسى فى عهد اباقاخان (1265 - 1282 )، وبقى وزير لغازان خان سنة 1298 و استمر فى المركز ده فى عهد اولجايتو بن ارغون خان . إنتهت حياته بإعدامه بعد ما اتهمه منافسيه بتسميم اولجايتو.
فى سنة 1980 إتباعت مخطوطة كتاب جامع التواريخ بالعربى فى صالة مزادات سوثبى فى لندن لجامع التحف الإيرانى ناصر داوود خليل بـ 850.000 جنيه إسترلينى و نشرها فى كتاب قيم خدمه للعلم و الدارسين.
إتولد رشيد الدين فى عيله بيعتقد ( بالإستناد على الصقاعى فى كتابه " المنهل الصافى " بس ) إنها كات يهوديه مع إن رشيد الدين أنكر ده و قال إنها قصه من إختراع اعداءه. ومن الممكن إنهم نسبوه لأصل يهودى بسبب معرفته الواسعه و كتابته الدقيقه عن عادات اليهود. بيقول رشيد الدين عن أبوه : " شهرة أبويا بترجع أولا وقبل كل حاجه لطهارة اخلاقه و شدة تمسكه بإسلامه "، وموفق الدوله جد رشيد الدين كان عايش فى قلعة الموت ، حصن الإسماعيليه ، لما إستولى عليها هولاكو. لكن ممكن طبع إن اجداده كانو يهود .
الارض (فيلم)

الارض هو فيلم مصرى درامي من انتاج سنة 1970 ومن اخراج يوسف شاهين، عن رواية الكاتب المصري عبد الرحمن الشرقاوى، ويعتبر من أهم افلام السينما المصرية. وواخد المركز التانى فى احسن 100 فيلم فى تاريخ السينما المصرية .
صفحة الفيلم علي موقع السينما
ابى فوق الشجره

ابى فوق الشجره هو فيلم سينما استعراضى غنائى مصرى من انتاج سنة 1969 و من اخراج حسين كمال، عن قصه للكاتب المصرى احسان عبد القدوس و بطولة عبد الحليم حافظ و يعتبر من اشهر 100 فيلم فى تاريخ السينما المصريه.
عزف الفرقه الماسيه، و توزيع المزيكا على اسماعيل:
تأليف محمد حمزه، ألحان بليغ حمدى.
تأليف عبد الرحمن الأبنودى، ألحان بليغ حمدى.
تأليف عبد الرحمن الأبنودى، ألحان محمد الموجى.
تأليف مرسى جميل عزيز، ألحان محمد عبد الوهاب.
تأليف مرسى جميل عزيز، ألحان منير مراد.
لم يتم العثور على روابط لمواقع التواصل الاجتماعي.
الاختيار (فيلم)

الاختيار فيلم مصرى ألف روايته الروائى نجيب محفوظ وكتب نصه السينمائى و أخرجه المخرج المصرى يوسف شاهين. كما قام بإنتاجه لصالح شركة مصر للأفلام الدولية.
الاختيار قصة حوالين الشيزوفرانيا (مرض انفصام الشخصية) حيث يكتشف البوليس فى بداية الفيلم جثة مجهولة الهوية، اللى بسرعه يحددون هويتها لشخص اسمه «محمود». وتحوم شكوك رجلى المباحث المكلفين بالقضية حوالين «سيد» شقيق «محمود» بأنه القاتل. اللى يظهر بأنه مع عشيقته «بهية» «كمحمود» ومع مراته «شريفة» «كسيد».
شارك فى الفيلم عزت العلايلى و هدى سلطان و محمود المليجى و يوسف وهبى و سعاد حسنى و سيف الدين شوكت
رشيد الوالى

رشيد الوالى مخرج افلام من المغرب.
رشيد الوالى من مواليد يوم 3 ابريل سنة 1965 فى الرباط.
الصفحه دى فيها تقاوى مقاله, و انت ممكن تساعد ويكيپيديا مصرى علشان تكبرها.
محمد ثروت

محمد ثروت (من مواليد 25 مارس 1954)، ممثل ومغنى مصري، ابتدأ حياته الفنية كمطرب اتميز فى أغانى الأطفال و الاغنيات الوطنية و الدينية والعاطفية و لحن له كبار الملحنيين و على رأسهم موسيقار الاجيال محمد عبد الوهاب و محمد الموجى و محمد سلطان و حلمى بكر و عمار الشريعى ، حاصل على بكالوريوس الهندسة جامعة الزقازيق سنة 1978 عمل مهندس بعض الوقت قبل ان يتجه للغناء. وعمل فى برامج الأطفال مع ماما سميحة .
جعلونى مجرما (فيلم)

جعلوني مجرماً فيلم مصري من بطولة فريد شوقى وإخراج عاطف سالم اتعرض الفلم اول مرة سنة 1954 قصة الفلم حقيقية قدمها فريد شوقى عن واحد من الاطفال بالإصلاحية واللي كان اخوه الضابط احمد شوقي مأمور عليها. صدر قانون مصري ينص على الإعفاء من السبقة الأولى فى الصحيفة الجنائية عشان يتمكن المخطأ من بدء حياة جديدة.
قصه سندريلا

قصه سندريلا (A Cinderella Story) هوا فيلم سينما من نوع كوميديا رومانسيه و فيلم مراهقه و فيلم للاطفال اتعمل سنة 2004 فى كندا و امريكا و كان من اخراج مارك روسمان.
قصه سندريلا على موقع قاعدة بيانات الأفلام على الإنترنت - IMDb (الإنجليزية)
لم يتم العثور على روابط لمواقع التواصل الاجتماعي.
محمد فوزى

محمد فوزى اسمه الكامل هو محمد فوزى عبد العال الحو ، اتولد فى فى قرية كفر أبو جندى التبع مركز قطور محافظة الغربيه ، مصر ، فى 15 اغسطس 1918، و هو الابن الواحد والعشرون من أصل خمسة وعشرين ولد وبنت، منهم المطربتين هند علام و هدى سلطان ، هو مطرب و ممثل سينما ومنتج افلام مصرى خد شهره و حب الناس. اتخرج من معهد المزيكا العربيه فى القاهره.
الانسة ماما
رصيده الغنائى حوالى 400 اغنية عاطفية واستعراضية ودينية
تمثيل (36 عمل)
لن اعيش فى جلباب ابى

لن اعيش فى جلباب ابى مسلسل اجتماعى مصرى انتج سنة 1996 و كان ليه انتشار واسع فى كل الدول العربيه, بطولة نور الشريف وعبله كامل، اخراج احمد توفيق و هوا فى الاصل متاخد من روايه للكاتب احسان عبد القدوس، سيناريو و حوار مصطفى محرم.
احداث المسلسل حولين قصة الصعود من القاع الى القمه، فيبدا عبد الغفور البرعى (نور الشريف) حياته العملية من وكالة الحاج ابراهيم سردينه (عبد الرحمن ابو زهره) واحد من كبار التجار فى وكالة البلح، و بيقدر باجتهاده و امانته يفوز بثقة الحاج سردينه بس فى الوقت نفسه اثار ضده احقاد مرسى ( خليل مرسى ) كبير العمال اللى سعا لافساد العلاقه بين عبد الغفور، و محفوظ (مصطفى متولى) الابن الوحيد للحاج سردينه اللى اتعمد اذلاله و اهانته.
عبد الغفور بيحب فاطمه عبله كامل بياعة الكشرى، اللى بتعجب بيه و بتحاول مساعدته فى مشواره الصعب، و بتمر الايام و بيزداد عبد الغفور خبره فى شغله بمساعدة الحاج ابراهيم سردينه و فهيم افندى الراجل المتعلم.
و بالتدريج عبد الغفور بيستقل عن الحاج سردينة و بيدير شغل خاص بيه، و بيخللى سيد مخلص البحيرى الاخ الوحيد لفاطمه و فهيم افندى مساعدين ليه، و بيتزوج فاطمه و يخلف ولده عبد الوهاب محمد رياض، و اربع بنات"سنيه، و بهيره، و نفيسه منال سلامه، و نظيره حنان ترك"، و بمهارته و ذكائه عبد الغفور بيحجز مكانه وسط عالم التجار فى الوكاله، وبيبقى واحد من اكبر رجال الاعمال فى مصر، حتى ان محفوظ بعد ما كان بيعامله بازدراء سعا لنيل صداقته من جديد
و على الرغم من توافر مقومات السعادة فى حياة عبد الغفور الا انه عانى من ابتعاد ولده الوحيد عنه، و اصرار عبد الوهاب علا بنا عالم خاص اوى بعيد عن ابوه و نفوذه.
ما كانتش الفلوس اللى جمعها عبد الغفور مصدر سعاده ليه زى ما الكل كان فاكر لكنها كانت لعنه بتطارد ولاده واحد ورا واحد.
الاطفال
بالاضافة الى
الصفحه دى فيها تقاوى مقاله, و انت ممكن تساعد ويكيپيديا مصرى علشان تكبرها.
1928

السنه دى بتوافق فى التقويمين القبطى و المصرى 1645(قبطى), 6170(مصرى)
1928 كانت سنه كبيسه فى التقويم الجريجورى .
لم يتم العثور على روابط لمواقع التواصل الاجتماعي.
Notaila Rashed

Notaila Ibrahim Rashed (Arabic: نتيلة إبراهيم راشد; 1934–2012), also known by the nickname Mama Lubna, was an Egyptian children's author and translator. She was considered a pioneer and advocate of Egyptian and Arab children's literature.
For more than 30 years, she worked as the editor-in-chief of the children's magazine, Samir.
Rashed was born on 20 September 1934 in Cairo, Egypt to a wealthy family. She studied at Cairo University, where she wrote stories for children. In 1957, she graduated from the university with a bachelors degree in philosophy and sociology. Starting in the 1950s, her literary work was adapted for use in multiple outlets, including radio and television.
Alongside Nādyah Našʾat in 1956, she helped found Samir, an Egyptian children's and educational magazine. The magazine became the most popular children's magazine in Egypt during its time, and Rashed later became its editor-in-chief. Under her direction, the magazine began to deal with political issues such as socialism. She left as the head of the publication in 1966, when she then became the chief editor of children's books at Samir's parent company, the Egyptian publishing house Dar al-Hilal. She returned as editor-in-chief of Samir in 1971, staying in that role for around 30 years, until 2002.
In 1979, her work The Diary of Yasser Family was published. Her story within that work titled "The Doll" was adapted into the first children's film produced by the Egyptian National Council of Culture.
In addition to her writing, Rashed translated works from English into Arabic. Some of her children's books were also translated into English. Her work largely focused on ancient and modern Egyptian culture, and she was an advocate for Arab and Egyptian children's literature.
After a short illness, Rashed died on 26 May 2012, at the age of 77.
In the 1950s, Rashed married Abdul-Tawab Yossef, who was also involved in children's literature. Rashed's nickname became Mama Lubna after giving birth to her first daughter, Lubna. She had two other children, Bahsham and Essam.
Rashed was awarded the State Prize for Children's Literature in 1978. In 2002, she was awarded the Medal of the Council of the Ministry of Culture in Egypt.
In 2020, posthumously on her birthday, the day's Google Doodle featured Rashed.
Jóhanna Bergmann Þorvaldsdóttir

Jóhanna Bergmann Þorvaldsdóttir is an Icelandic farmer responsible for saving the Icelandic goat through breeding them at her farm, Háafell in Borgarbyggð, Iceland.
Jóhanna Bergmann Þorvaldsdóttir runs the Háafell farm in Borgarbyggð, Iceland. Prior to running the farm, she was a nurse, although it had been her family's farm for three generations. Jóhanna has raised six children on the farm.
Since 2000, she has been breeding the Icelandic goat in an effort to save it from extinction. Through her work, the farm has also become known as the Icelandic Goat Conservation Center, and is the only goat breeding farm in Iceland. To fund the ongoing work, she organised a crowd funding campaign on Kickstarter in 2012 in order to expand the facilities available at the farm. Jóhanna provided 20 goats to the production of the Game of Thrones fourth season episode "The Laws of Gods and Men". Over time, Jóhanna has created a market for goat products within Iceland.
In 2014, the farm was threatened with foreclosure. In response, Jóhanna organised a further campaign, this time on IndieGoGo, to raise the 10 million Icelandic krona needed to keep the farm open. By the time of the campaign, the numbers of the Icelandic goat had increased from 90 to around 820, with half located on Jóhanna's farm. If the funding was not found, it would have resulted in the goats being slaughtered. After the success of the campaign, Jóhanna has looked to making the farm self sufficient by producing her own goat cheese year round.
Agreement on the Importation of Educational, Scientific and Cultural Materials

The Agreement on the Importation of Educational, Scientific and Cultural Materials (also known as the Florence Agreement) is a 1950 UNESCO treaty whereby states agree to not impose customs duties on certain educational, scientific, and cultural materials that are imported.
The materials covered by the treaty include printed books, newspapers, periodicals, government publications, printed music, works of art, antiques over 100 years old, scientific instruments used in education or research, and educational films. The Agreement does not apply to materials that contain excessive amounts of advertising material.
The Agreement was approved by resolution on 17 June 1950, at a UNESCO General Conference in Florence, Italy. It was opened for signature on 22 November 1950 at Lake Success, New York and entered into force on 21 May 1952. As of 2014, it has been signed by 29 states and ratified by 102 states, which includes 101 United Nations member states plus the Holy See. The states that have signed but not ratified the Agreement are Colombia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Guinea-Bissau, Honduras, and Peru. There is no time limit on either signing or ratifying the Agreement.
On 26 November 1976, the Protocol to the Agreement on the Importation of Educational, Scientific or Cultural Materials was concluded in Nairobi, Kenya. The Protocol, which is also known as the Nairobi Protocol, expands the types of materials covered by the Agreement. The Protocol entered into force on 2 January 1982 and as of 2013 has been signed by 13 states and ratified by 46 states. New Zealand and Oman have signed but not ratified the Protocol.
Anglo-Nubian goat

The Anglo-Nubian is a British breed of domestic goat. It originated in the nineteenth century from cross-breeding between native British goats and a mixed population of large lop-eared goats imported from India, the Middle East and North Africa. It is characterised by large, pendulous ears and a convex profile. It has been exported to many parts of the world, and is found in more than sixty countries. In many of them it is known simply as the Nubian.
The Anglo-Nubian breed originated in the British Isles in the nineteenth century from cross-breeding between traditional native prick-eared British goats and a mixed population of large lop-eared goats imported from India, the Middle East and North Africa. Many of these were brought to British shores by steamers of the P & O Steamship Company, which routinely loaded goats on board before starting a homeward voyage from the Orient, so as to have milk and fresh meat available during the voyage. Some of these goats were commonly off-loaded and sold when the ships docked; regardless of their actual place or port of origin, they were often referred to as "Nubians" in the later nineteenth century. Among them were examples of the Egyptian Zaraibi, which significantly influenced the development of the Anglo-Nubian.
Three billies were particularly influential on the breed: an Indian Jamnapari imported in 1896; another Indian goat, this from Chitral; and a Zaraibi imported at about the same time. The first registrations in the herd-book were in 1910, and no further use was made of imported breeding stock thereafter.
Some were exported to the West Indies in the early twentieth century, and from there some entered the United States, where the first arrivals were in 1909. Others were exported to Brazil.
In 2017 the Anglo-Nubian was reported under various names from more than sixty countries of the world. Its conservation status at world level was listed by the FAO as "not at risk" in 2007, and was reported to DAD-IS as "not at risk" in 2020. In the United Kingdom its status in 2020 was "endangered"; it was not among the goat breeds on the goat watchlist of the Rare Breeds Survival Trust.
The Anglo-Nubian is a large goat, characterised by long legs, a markedly convex facial profile, and long pendulous lop ears. The head is carried high; it may either be polled or have small downward-curved horns. In nannies the coat is short and smooth, in billies it is somewhat rougher and longer. The coat may be of any of a wide range of colours, either solid or in various brindled, marbled or mottled patterns; among the most frequent are white, cream, fawn, chestnut and black.
The Anglo-Nubian is a dual-purpose goat, reared both for goat's meat and for milk. Kids fatten quickly for meat production. The milk yield is not as high as in some Swiss goat breeds, but the milk has a higher percentage of fat. Nannies give approximately 3.9 kg of milk per day, with an average fat content of about 4.8%. The highest recorded 24-hour yield is some 8.25 kg, while the highest authenticated annual yield is over 2500 kg.
The Wolf and the Seven Young Goats

"The Wolf and the Seven Young Goats" (German: Der Wolf und die sieben jungen Geißlein) is a fairy tale collected by the Brothers Grimm and published in Grimm's Fairy Tales (KHM 5). It is of Aarne-Thompson type 123 "The Wolf and the Kids".
The story was published by the Brothers Grimm in the first edition of Kinder- und Hausmärchen in 1812. Their source was the Hassenpflug family from Hanau. A similar tale, "The Wolf and the Kids", has been told in the Middle East and parts of Europe, and probably originated in the first century.
A mother goat leaves her seven children at home while she ventures into the forest to find food. Before she leaves, she warns her young about the wolf who will try to sneak into the house and gobble them up. He will pretend to be their mother and convince the kids to open the door. The young children will be able to recognize their true mother by her white feet and sweet voice.
The mother goat leaves and the seven kids stay in the house. Before long, they hear a voice at the door that says "Let me in children, your mother has something for each and every one of you." It was the wolf, whose gruff voice betrays him and the kids do not let him in. The wolf goes to a marketplace, store, or pharmacy and steals some honey, medicine or chalk, to soften his voice. A little while later, the kids hear another voice at the door: "Let me in children, your mother has something for each and every one of you." This time the voice is high and sweet like their mother's. They are about to let him in when the youngest kid looks under the crack in the door and notices the wolf's big, black feet. They refuse to open the door, and the wolf goes away again.
The wolf goes to the bakery or mill and steals some flour, smearing it all over his coat, turning his black feet white. He returns to the children's house, and says "Let me in children, your mother has something for each and every one of you." The kids see his white feet and hear his sweet voice, so they open the door. The wolf jumps into the house and gobbles up six of the kids. The youngest child hides from the wolf in the grandfather clock and does not get eaten.
Later that day, the mother goat returns home from the forest. She is distraught to find the door wide open and all but one of her children missing. She looks around and sees the wolf, fast asleep under a tree. He has eaten so much, he cannot move. The mother goat calls to her youngest child to quickly get her a pair of scissors, a needle and some thread. She cuts open the wolf's belly and the six children spring out miraculously unharmed. They fill the wolf's belly with rocks, and the mother sews it back up again. When the wolf wakes up, he is very thirsty. He goes to the river to drink, but being so heavy he falls in and drowns under the weight of the rocks. All the children feel great to find themselves safe. The family lives happily ever after.
The tale resembles "The Three Little Pigs" and the rescue of the kids from the wolf's belly and his punishment by filling him with stones is comparable to the rescue and revenge of Little Red Cap against the wolf (Aarne-Thompson type 333).
Rashida Jones (television executive)

Rashida Jones (née Adkins; born 1980 or 1981) is an American business executive who was the former president of the cable news network MSNBC. She is the first black woman to lead a major cable news network.
Jones was born to Richard and Alice Adkins, the oldest of three children. She grew up in York, Pennsylvania. The family later moved to Richmond, Virginia, where she attended Henrico High School and became editor of the student newspaper.
Jones attended Hampton University, majoring in broadcast journalism. She graduated from Hampton with a BA degree in Mass Media Arts in 2002. In 2022, Jones established a scholarship fund in her name at Hampton University for journalism students.
In 2002, while a senior in college, she worked as a morning show producer at WTKR in Norfolk, Virginia. After several years there, she moved to The Weather Channel as a weekend producer, and became director of live programming in 2009.
Jones later worked at WIS-TV in Columbia, South Carolina, as news director, then moved to New York City as an executive producer for daytime shows at MSNBC. Later roles included managing editor at MSNBC and senior vice president of specials for NBC News and MSNBC, in which she managed dayside and weekend news programming on MSNBC, as well as leading coverage of breaking news and major events across NBC News and MSNBC. Jones expanded the town-hall concept to a wider audience, including a criminal justice special filmed at Sing Sing correctional facility. While a senior vice president at NBC News and MSNBC, she led a shift from election coverage to a focus on COVID-19.
On February 1, 2021, Jones succeeded Phil Griffin as the president of MSNBC and became the first African-American woman to run a major cable news network. On January 14, 2025, she resigned from the network. Jones continued at the network in an advisory role until March 2025.
In April 2025, Jones joined the Board of Trustees for Hampton University.
Jones is divorced and has two children, a son and daughter. Her partner is Edward Fisher, the community and government relations executive at American University. She became an honorary member of Delta Sigma Theta sorority in 2023.
Rashida Jones filmography

Rashida Jones is an American actress, writer, and producer, best known for starring on the NBC comedy series Parks and Recreation (2009–2015) as Ann Perkins, and as Karen Filippelli in The Office (2006–2009; 2011).
Jones first role of prominence was as Louisa Fenn on the Fox drama series Boston Public (2000–2002). From 2016 to 2019, Jones starred as the lead eponymous role in the TBS comedy series Angie Tribeca.
In film, Jones has appeared in I Love You, Man (2009), The Social Network (2010) and Celeste and Jesse Forever (2012), which she co-wrote. Jones also co-wrote the story of Toy Story 4 (2019).
As a filmmaker, she directed the first episode of Hot Girls Wanted, a series that focused on the sex industry. She was also executive producer of the series. In 2018, her documentary Quincy, about her father Quincy Jones, debuted on Netflix; it won the Grammy Award for Best Music Film in 2019.
老友粉

老友粉源于广西壮族自治区南宁市，是一种南宁本地特色河粉，其酸辣鲜香的口感适合南宁地区夏季湿热，冬季湿冷的气候。老友粉的制作原料主要有：河粉、酸笋、豆豉、辣椒、薑末、蒜末等。衍生的老友粉品类有：老友猪肉粉，老友牛肉粉，老友猪杂粉，老友牛杂粉等。老友粉中大多添加了番茄以提升酸甜的口感，但最正宗的老友粉中并不添加番茄，而是完全以酸笋的酸味为主。
檬粉

檬是越南菜餐館常見的涼麵，形狀近於華人的米粉，佐以甜酸辣的渃蘸，通常跟串燒或越南卷一起食用。
粗略而言，檬可以是指越南米粉（越南语：Bún／𥻸），「檬」是越南语bún的譯音，但越南的Bún字可以是冷食和熱食，其中順化牛肉粉（Bún Bò Huế）是熱食，但燒肉粉（英语：Bún thịt nướng）（Bún thịt nướng）卻是冷食。
檬粉，在越南泛指四種不同食品：
面条

麵或麵条是用穀物（如小麥、玉米、稻米）、豆类（如綠豆）、堅果（如橡子）或根（如番薯、葛根）、茎（如洋芋、榆皮）制成的粉加水和成麵团，然後通過压、切或者搓、拉、捏等各種手段制成的線狀、条状或長片状的食品，可经煮、炒、烩、炸等烹調方式食用。以稻米、綠豆、洋芋等為原料的麵條通常稱為粉。
关于麵条的最早文字记录在中国东汉时期，2005年時，中国社会科学院考古研究所研究员叶茂林在青海省的喇家遗址中发现了距今4,000年以上历史的麵条，长50厘米，宽3厘米，由粟制成，根據最早的史料及实物佐证，因此通常認為面起源于中国新石器時代。
一些地區稱呼同類食品有別的名字，如魯南部份地區稱麵條為“麵湯”（湯讀輕聲，指麵條湯時為“面湯湯”）。
在中国，最初所有面食统称为饼，其中在汤中煮熟的叫「汤饼」，即最早的麵条。汉刘熙《释名·释饮食》中有索饼；北魏贾思勰《齐民要术》中记有「水引饼」，是一种一尺一断，薄如“韭叶”的水煮食品；唐朝又有称为冷淘的过水凉面；宋朝饮食市场上的面条品种达10种之多，丰富多彩，有插肉麵、浇头麵等；元朝出现了可以久存的挂麵；明朝有制作技术高超的拉麵，还有山西等地制作特殊的刀削麵；清朝乾隆年间又有经过煮、炸后，再加入菜肴烧焖而熟的伊府麵，这些都是中国历史上著名的麵条制品。
面条的口感好，制作简单，所以在中国非常流行。而由于製条、调味的不同，使中国各地及華人世界出现了数以千计的麵条品种，让人目不暇接。麵條類型有白麵條、拉麵、青海的麵片、麵線、油麵、生麵、米粉、米線、刀削麵等。
根据日本学者田中静一考证，面条可能是在唐朝传入日本，《和名类聚抄》称为索饼。用切割馄饨薄面皮制造面条的另一种方法，可能在15世纪时由中国传入日本奈良，当时写为“温饨”读作udon(乌东)；至于馒头则是在元代由林净因传入日本，林净因在日本被称为馒头之父，在奈良有一座林净因记念神殿。
著名的麵条有主要有拉面、乌冬面、荞麦面与素麵。其中拉面种类最多。按照面汤的种类主要分酱油面、味增面和咸味面。
二十世纪中，日籍臺灣人吴百福發明了泡麵，迅速在亚洲流行开来。
朝鲜麵條㮔類有素麵、玉米麵。按照吃法有冷麵、拌麵、炒麵、湯麵等。配料有泡菜、海鲜等。
面条在明代传入东南亚。柬埔寨称为Numbanchock，泰国叫Sen mee，印尼和马来西亚称为mie或mi。
考古學家考證，在意大利中部一個公元前4世紀的伊特魯裏亞人的墓穴裡發現有意大利粉，但這是不是現代義大利麵的原型尚無法確定，目前關於現代義大利麵製作起源比較可靠的證據約可追蹤到西元13或14世紀。
传说旅行家马可波罗将面条由中国介绍到意大利，但没有确实的证据。事实上在马可波罗回到意大利之前，意大利已经流行通心面Maccheroni和细面条Vermicelli。保存在意大利热那亚档案馆有一份士兵巴士托内在1279年写的遗书，嘱咐将一篮子通心面交给亲属。Rosenberg 和石毛直道指出，面条可能通过丝绸之路，先由中国传入阿拉伯，再由阿拉伯食品传入西西里岛，再經貿易传入意大利半岛。
無論如何，義大利麵的本地化過程，各種形狀製作方法陸續發明出來，成為獨立風味的食品，18世纪意大利又发明了番茄酱面条，此后成意大利食品风行世界。
1226年的巴格达，流行Rishta--一种线形面条，和Ytriyya--通心粉。
炸醬麵

炸醬麵，有時誤作醡醬麵，是指一種起源于山东的麵條食用方法，将煮熟的麵條和炸醬混合均匀食用。炸醬之所以為「炸」是因為鍋中「油」的量所定義的烹調用字，而在製作炸醬的最後階段，因為比重的關係，醬料都會沉在鍋底，上頭浮起一層的油，看上去就像把醬丟在油裏頭炸一樣，所以才會用「炸」作為動詞，稱為「炸醬」。
炸醬麵是中國傳統特色麵食，被譽為「中國十大麵條」之一。 炸醬一般用肉末（或肉丁、肉丝）和黄酱（或甜面酱，晉語區多用老黑醬）炒製的，粤港改良版本还会加糖或蜂蜜。其他配菜称菜码或麵码，一般有黄瓜絲、萝卜丝、青豆、豆芽、菠菜乃至鸡蛋丝等。
炸酱面是中国山東富有特色的食物。另外，北京、天津、上海、辽宁、吉林、廣東、香港乃至日本、韓國也有不同製法的炸醬麵。
山东炸酱面特点是，炸酱里面除肉丁外，还会有豆角丁。做法是以葱薑爆锅后，下肉丁炸白，再加酱炒成炸酱，再加入事先炒好的豆角丁，一同成为炸酱。另外还有以鲜虾代替肉丁的鲜虾炸酱面。春季时令菜码有腌香椿芽。
在辽宁和吉林，炸酱传统上使用大酱炒製。大酱和肉丝或肉末炒制成的炸酱叫肉酱，比较常见；另外还有素食版的鸡蛋酱，由大酱和炒鸡蛋制成，为当地特色。
北京炸酱面是由早期的魯菜館帶入當地，后經傳播推廣后逐漸成為當地家喻戶曉的一道名吃，又称“小碗乾炸”。老北京炸醬麵的作法主要是由炸醬，麵及菜碼等佐料拌勻而食，食感清爽可口濃郁不膩。北京的炸醬的做法是切小塊的五花肉，搭配以薑末爆炒，而後佐以乾黄酱、鲜黄酱、甜麵醬各三分之一调和，再加入蔥蒜炖製。北京炸酱面讲究菜码，在食用時除了將煮熟的手擀麵拌上炸醬外，也會佐以小黃瓜絲、蔥白、豆芽等等码料。也有人喜欢加入少許麵汤使面条拌起来更润些，並依個人喜好加入醋、麻油調味。整瓣的蒜头则是佐餐的调味品，最好的是独头蒜。
在1949年中華人民共和國成立之後，炸醬麵隨南下的解放軍官兵帶到廣東省，在廣州，外來人口都以售賣炸醬麵維生，王小二炸醬麵亦因此在廣州市內發跡。炸醬麵亦在1960年代隨由廣東省逃港潮的難民帶到香港，港式炸醬麵是以辣豆瓣酱及蕃茄酱作主要醬料，紅蘿蔔絲及烏醋、糖和鹽熱煮，食用時搭配廣式生麵及肉絲拌吃，味道較甜辣。
台灣的炸醬明顯少用油，多用水，顏色呈現淡棕色，而不是深棕色或黑。製作方法：先將五花肉切小丁塊，豆瓣醬及甜麵醬分別以水調致稀糊狀，起鍋熱油放入薑末爆香，豆干丁用小火煸得微微焦香，先加入豆瓣醬，以小火炒至香味飄出，再加入甜麵醬，續以小火翻炒至醬汁發亮。搭配麵條有一般扁麵條，還有嚼勁十足的手工家常麵等，十足道地風味。另有知名維力食品的速食麵維力炸醬麵，且陸續推出維力炸醬罐，深受台灣人喜愛。
製作：早期隨政府來臺外省族群製作炸醬時，先以８分瘦、２分肥的黑豬後腿肉絞碎充分拌勻再起鍋熱油慢炒再加入以天然發酵的甜麵醬（南北貨店可買到）以中火翻攪，酌量加水、少量砂糖至適度濃稠即可。
其間再加入切丁豆干一起煮會使醬料口感更為入口。
吃法：先將綠豆芽以熱水汆燙、小黃瓜刨絲後拌入煮好自家手擀麵條，次加入製做好的炸醬並均勻攪拌後就是一碗60年代在台灣外省第二代心中簡單營養又美味的麵食。
另有津醬推出的天津炸醬常溫調理包亦可於露營、野炊時方便食用。
韓國亦有炸醬麵（韓語：짜장면），早在清朝时期即由來自山東的華僑們自仁川傳入韓國。韓式炸醬麵以春醬（黑豆醬）拌著醬油、砂糖與太白粉作為炸醬基底，酱质较为稀薄，放上黃瓜絲、佐洋蔥丁、醃黃蘿蔔及辣白菜一起食用。風味獨特，已經自成一格。
炸醬麵目前在日本的高级餐館也有賣，口味是照搬台灣式的。樣子是: 在盤子周圍放上綠色黄瓜絲，中間放麵條，碟子放上黄色的炒鴨蛋，最中央是一撮紫色的炸醬。
老北京也有顺口溜记述了炸醬麵的配料：
冬蔭

冬蔭（泰語：ต้มยำ，羅馬化：tom yam，直译：「酸辣湯」，[tôm.jām] （），寮語：ຕົ້ມຍຳ，老挝语发音：[tôm.ɲám]），是著名的泰國酸辣湯，由南薑、酸子、香茅、青蔥、酸檸檬、辣椒和魚露烹饪而成。最常见的烹调法是加蝦和草菇、以魚露調味並形成乳狀質感的冬蔭功（泰語：ต้มยำกุ้ง，羅馬化：tom yam kung，直译：「酸辣蝦湯」）。
另外有酸辣雞湯（泰語：ต้มยำไก่，羅馬化：tom yam kai）、酸辣海鮮湯（泰語：ต้มยำทะเล，羅馬化：tom yam talay）、酸辣椰汁汤（泰語：ต้มยำน้ำข้น）等。
網路酸辣湯

《網路酸辣湯》是中視新聞2015年開闢的政論談話性節目。2015年1月26日開播，號稱以打擊網路謠言，追求公平正義為宗旨。2016年4月1日停播。
2015年10月1日，陳鳳馨與唐湘龍在播出的節目中表示因私人因素主持完該集後主動請辭，而改由黃智賢接任主持人一職。而中視隨後也在該節目的臉書專頁及10月5日節目一開始發行聲明，表示「兩人因為在七月時要求調漲主持費，在多次談判後未達共識，兩人主動表達倦勤，做到合約期滿九月底。節目製作單位考量成本控制，忍痛同意不再續約。」。而名嘴劉益宏則在臉書爆料是因為旺中老闆蔡衍明因不滿兩人的主持風格和內容，而讓兩人認為蔡衍明對新聞的指示和干預太多而感到不滿而請辭。但10月6日唐湘龍在自己主持的廣播節目反駁，並發表了5點聲明。
瑞宾楼

瑞宾楼是北京的一家饭店。原址坐落于前门外的门框胡同。因其经营的褡裢火烧而闻名京城。
清朝光绪2年（公元1876年），有一对来自顺义的姚春宣夫妇，在王府井摆了一个褡裢火烧的小食摊，生意十分红火。赚钱后，在东安市场内开设了“瑞明楼”，但第二代就倒闭了。而该店的两个伙计罗虎祥、郝家瑞在门框胡同开设了“祥瑞饭店”，专门经营褡裢火烧。1956年随着公私合营该店被收归国有。文革期间饭店屡次易名。1986年，祥瑞饭馆扩建成二层楼，改名“瑞宾楼”，在一层专门供应褡裢火烧。2006年随着前门大街重修，瑞宾楼搬迁至丰台区赵公口。另在什刹海九门小吃城、朝阳区新光天地和重修好的大栅栏开有分店。
瑞宾楼的特色就是褡裢火烧和所配套的由鸡血豆腐煮成的酸辣汤。褡裢火烧做法讲究，面的劲儿，馅的味儿，包的齐整，煎的火候儿，没有一样不要功夫。在饼铛内煎熟起锅后，趁热食用。配上鲜香的酸辣汤或是小米粥，回味无穷。
粉丝

粉絲是東亞常見的食品之一，往往又叫做粉条、粉条丝、山東粉、龍口粉絲、冬粉（主要在台灣），日本稱春雨，朝鮮半島稱唐麵，越南稱麵。粉丝通常是以綠豆製成，也可由玉米淀粉或者地瓜淀粉制作。绿豆中的直链淀粉最多，口感好，长时间烹饪易碎；地瓜淀粉制成的粉丝更适合进行炖菜烹饪。粉絲的口感滑腻，類似細麵條狀，乾燥後販賣，食用前最好先泡水讓它柔軟，粉絲的直径一般在0.5毫米左右，這也是它有「絲」之名的由來。
除了以綠豆為原料的粉絲外，地瓜、玉米、高粱、豌豆、蠶豆、馬鈴薯等雜糧粉絲亦有生產，尤以地瓜粉絲為多。絲條細勻，光潔度高，透明度強，質地韌柔，潔白，在水中浸泡48小時不變色，不發脹，食用爽口，能做多種中西菜餚，是家庭及飲食業界的熱煮涼拌之佳品。
在台灣，最著名的粉絲是中農粉絲與龍口粉絲，中農粉絲幾近囊括各大傳統市場及餐飲通路等B2B市場，後者龍口則因經營策略主攻消費零售通路，常見於各大超市、量販、超商。
关于龙口粉丝的来源，实际上是因为龙口自古就是一个港口，在古代，粉丝大多是由山東省烟台、招远生产，经龙口港，转运到世界各地，再加上当时没有品牌意识，所以龙口粉丝就这样叫了出去。龙口粉丝以招远的品质为最好，同时，又以招远的张星镇最为出名。
龙口粉丝是中国的传统特产之一，其生产历史悠久。据史料记载，龙口粉丝已有三百多年的历史，最早产地是招远，以后逐渐发展到龙口、蓬莱、莱州、栖霞、莱阳、海阳等地。龙口粉丝的出口最早可追溯到一百多年前，一九一六年龙口港开埠后，直接把粉丝运往香港和东南亚各国，这时招远、龙口生产的粉丝，绝大多数卖给龙口粉丝庄，龙口成为粉丝的集散地，因而得名龙口粉丝。因其原料好，气候适宜，加工精细，因而产品质量优异，被称为“粉丝之冠”。
因此在山東外亦有「山東粉」之名，可能是「冬粉」的語源。
除了山東的龍口粉絲以外，其他地方亦有生產粉絲。例如：台灣最早的發展為中農粉絲、最為著名的爲龍口粉絲；而在日本的僧人都會吃粉絲，而當地的粉絲有60%都是來自奈良縣的櫻井市及御所市所出產的粉絲。不過，製造這些粉絲的原材料綠豆依然是從中國進口的。
粉絲為消費者經常食用的食品，經常出現在火鍋或夏日的涼拌料理中，但製作的過程若添加含明礬的膨松剂，若經常食用，長久下來則有攝入多量鋁的風險，建議消費者仍需注意，認清產品資訊。
粉絲文化

粉絲文化（英語：fandom、fan culture），又稱為粉都、迷文化、饭圈，是指对某个事物有共同兴趣的愛好者（fan，音译为“粉絲”）所形成的亚文化。一個典型的粉絲對於其所喜好的某一特定對象的一個小細節都感到强烈的迷戀，並為此花上大量的時間精力，通常會通過社交網站實現某一特定目的（例如為偶像籌款）；這一點有區別於抱有一般好感的普通粉絲。
粉丝文化可以围绕人类兴趣和活动的任何一个方面形成并发展起来，粉丝的兴趣主题可以很具体，比如某个系列作品或某个明星，也可以涵盖整个爱好、音乐流派或时尚领域。根據牛津英語詞典，能夠確認到的最早使用紀錄是在1903年，指的是以體育為興趣的現象（對體育的興趣）。
许多爱好者的活动都是重叠的。有许多大型会展迎合了电影、漫画、动漫、电视节目、Cosplay 等爱好者的需求，并提供了买卖相关商品的机会。国际动漫大会（Comic Con International）、Wondercon、Dragon Con 和纽约动漫大会（New York Comic Con）等年度大会都是一些比较知名且参与度很高的活动。
女性主义学者阿德里安娜-瓦德维茨（Adrianne Wadewitz）举例说，19 世纪作家简-奥斯汀（Jane Austen）的信徒简派（Janeites）是最早的粉丝亚文化，大约始于 1870 年。 另一个早期的例子是文学侦探福尔摩斯（Sherlock Holmes）的粉丝， 他们在福尔摩斯于 1893 年被 "杀害 "后举行公开哀悼示威，并早在 1897 年至 1902 年间就创作了一些最早的粉丝小说。 在媒体范围之外，铁路爱好者是另一个起源于 19 世纪晚期的早期爱好者，他们在 20 世纪初的头几十年里开始流行起来并组织得越来越严密。
现代各种有组织的西方粉丝亚文化起源于科幻小说和奇幻小说的粉丝群体。科幻小说迷的历史可以追溯到 20 世纪 30 年代，在全球许多城市都有有组织的俱乐部和协会。自 1939 年以来，科幻迷们每年都会举办世界科幻大会以及许多其他活动，并创造了自己的行话，有时被称为 "科幻迷语"（fanspeak）。
20 世纪 70 年代初，媒体迷从科幻迷中分离出来，专注于《星际迷航》等电视和电影媒体特许经营项目中的人物关系。 这些特许经营项目的粉丝们创作了粉丝艺术和粉丝小说等创意产品，而当时典型的科幻迷则专注于批判性讨论。
动漫迷始于 20 世纪 70 年代的日本。在动漫开始在美国获得授权之前，想要获得动漫的粉丝会泄露动漫电影的拷贝，并为其添加字幕，与社区中的朋友交换，这标志着粉丝配音的开始。
20 世纪的音乐粉丝与流行音乐文化的兴起相吻合，围绕着粉丝对特定音乐艺术家、乐队或流派的集体热情和奉献精神展开。音乐粉丝的常见参与形式包括参加音乐会、创作粉丝艺术作品、参与网络社区以及消费与他们喜欢的艺术家相关的媒体。
其他具有重要粉丝群的主题包括视频游戏、体育、电影、肥皂剧和名人。
粉丝成员之间相互联系，经常参加粉丝大会，出版和交换粉丝杂志和通讯。业余新闻协会是另一种形式的粉丝出版物和联络渠道。这些亚文化最初使用印刷媒体，现在已将其大部分交流和互动转移到互联网上，互联网也用于存档与特定粉丝群相关的详细信息。通常，粉丝们聚集在论坛和讨论板上，分享他们对特定作品的喜爱和批评。这种聚集会导致粉丝内部高度的组织化和社区化，同时也会导致内讧。虽然大多数讨论区都有一定程度的等级制度，某些贡献者可能比其他人更受重视，但新来者通常都会受到欢迎。最重要的是，这类讨论区可以对媒体本身产生影响，电视剧《欢乐合唱团》就是一个例子。
有些粉丝会写粉丝小说（"fanfic"），即以自己选择的粉丝世界和人物为原型的故事。粉丝小说可能会也可能不会与故事的正统内容相结合；有时粉丝们会在不同的场景中使用故事中的人物，而这些场景与情节主线完全无关。
特别是在一些活动中，粉丝们还会参与 Cosplay，即按照原作中人物的形象设计和穿着服装，还可以结合角色扮演、重现场景或根据所选原作的灵感发明可能的动作。
还有一些活跃的粉丝组织参与慈善事业并产生积极的社会影响。例如，"哈利-波特联盟"（Harry Potter Alliance）是一个民间组织，有很强的网络成分，围绕人权问题开展活动，通常与其他宣传和非营利组织合作；其成员偏向于大学及以上年龄段。
但对粉丝文化，社会各界都有不少争议。因为对饭圈文化的投入过度而也产生了许多负面事件，中國大陸演藝圈內，如2020年的肖战事件，由于肖战粉丝认为一篇同人小说有意侮辱肖战，从而集体举报小说刊登网站AO3作品库以致其在中国大陆被屏蔽。又如2021年《青春有你3》倒牛奶事件，因为要给“哥哥”投票，有粉丝团买了许多牛奶倒掉，只留下瓶盖给“哥哥”打榜。再者2021年的趙麗穎飯圈亂象禁言事件，趙麗穎粉丝因在微博「拉踩引戰，惡意組織召集網友發動圍攻、尋釁滋事」，粉絲群的多個官方微博或大V被大規模禁言或永久禁言，成為了自清朗行動以來，首個因「互撕」遭大規模禁言的。其官方工作室被微博禁言15天， 成了平台史上受此懲戒的第一人。多家央媒就此飯圈亂象發聲，包括人民日報、光明日報和央視網評。粉丝团与粉丝文化也因此招致反感。
饭圈文化也蔓延至体育圈、学术圈等，例如全红婵粉丝们不接受其获得女子单人10米台亚军，在社交媒体上发泄怒气，怒斥裁判刻意压分，甚至攻击获得冠军的陈芋汐及其家人。北京大学助理教授韦东奕，多次辟谣自己从北大离职的谣言。2024年8月，巴黎奥运会乒乓球女子单打决赛，陈梦以4比2战胜孙颖莎，比赛期间不少孙颖莎粉丝在陈梦获胜时发出嘘声，更有观众对陈梦竖中指，有孙颖莎粉丝不满比赛结果，在网上发表诋毁造谣言论，谩骂攻击包括陈梦、马琳在内的中国乒乓球队队员和教练员，因此被北京市公安机关刑事拘留。。