davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Les Deux Plateaux

Les Deux Plateaux, more commonly known as the Colonnes de Buren, is an art installation created by the French artist Daniel Buren in 1985–1986. It is located in the inner courtyard (Cour d'Honneur) of the Palais Royal in Paris, France.
As described by the architectural writer Andrew Ayers, "Buren's work takes the form of a conceptual grid imposed on the courtyard, whose intersections are marked by candy-striped black-and-white columns of different heights poking up from the courtyard's floor like sticks of seaside rock. ... In one sense the installation can be read as an exploration of the perception and intellectual projection of space."
The work replaced the courtyard's former parking lot and was designed to conceal ventilation shafts for an underground extension of the culture ministry's premises. Some of the columns extend below courtyard level and are surrounded by pools of water into which passersby toss coins.
The project was the brainchild of the culture minister Jack Lang and elicited considerable controversy at the time. It was attacked for its cost and unsuitability to a historic landmark. Lang paid no attention to the orders of the Commission des Monuments Historiques, which objected to the plan. In retrospect Ayers has remarked: "Given the harmlessness of the result (deliberate — Buren wanted a monument that would not dominate), the fuss seems excessive, although the columns have proved not only expensive to install, but also to maintain."
Notes
Sources
48°51′49″N 2°20′13″E﻿ / ﻿48.86361°N 2.33694°E﻿ / 48.86361; 2.33694
Popular Unity (Ecuador)

The Popular Unity Movement (UP) (in Spanish: Movimiento Unidad Popular) is an Ecuadorian political movement of the revolutionary left close to Marxism-Leninism to be conformed with the electoral wing of the Marxist–Leninist Communist Party of Ecuador. The party is a member of the National Agreement for Change.
It arose after the CNE removed the Democratic People's Movement from its legal status after declaring the existence of poor electoral results on the part of this party. The members of the previous party formed Unidad Popular to replace the old MPD, in which they would continue their political work.
The party has a special stronghold in the province of Esmeraldas, where they held the provincial government from 2005 to 2019.
Its ideological principles are under a revolutionary and socialist character, considering the continuation of the struggle of the Democratic People's Movement and Jaime Hurtado. They oppose individualism and the relationship between countries based on imperialism, a system opposed by internationalism among the peoples they support.
They support the development of participatory democracy and the right to self-determination of peoples, supporting, like Pachakutik , the constitution of Ecuador as a plurinational and multicultural state. They also declare themselves environmentalists.
Within the movement are integrated different thoughts of the revolutionary left, taking the importance of the Marxism-Leninism of PCMLE , which is why it is defined as the electoral front of this organization.
The Democratic People's Movement was an organization founded by the militants of PCMLE , among them Jaime Hurtado, as well as other sectors of the left on March 17, 1978 at the premises of the Unique Trade Union of Drivers of Pichincha. The principles of this organization were summarized in its slogan: the "conquest of a popular, patriotic, democratic and revolutionary government that resolutely applies its program and lays the foundations for the conquest of socialism".
The MPD would be opposition of all governments since its founding, from Jaime Roldós to Gustavo Noboa, being present in the organization of strikes, which led to their obtaining the qualification of "tirapiedras" that in English means: stone shooter. In the case of Lucio Gutiérrez they maintained their support until 3 months after their promotion to the presidency. Later they would continue in opposition to Alfredo Palacio.
An alliance with this regime started during the government of Rafael Correa. However, in 2009, the critical position of the party before the policies of Alianza País led to the break. Since then, the MPD was strongly opposed to Correa's government considering him a "traitor of the left" while losing political space, which caused low results that finally led to the dissolution of the MPD in the National Electoral Council. However, the party considered it as a tactic to end the political work of the organization.
Asụsụ Shia

[ǀ͡xam]Templeeti:IPA audio link (nke a na-akpọ, n'asụsụ Bekee dị ka /ˈkɑːm/ KAHM) bụ Asụsụ na-adịghịzi adị (ma ọ bụ ikekwe ụyọkọ asụsụ) nke South Africa nke ndị SāXama-ka na-asụbu. Ọ bụ akụkụ nke Alaka nke asụsụ Tu ma nwee njikọ chiri anya na asụsụ na-anwụ anwụ. bụ Wilhelm Bleek, onye ọkà mmụta asụsụ German nke narị afọ nke iri na itoolu, rụrụ ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ndị ọkà mmụta na-asụ na Achterveld, na (ya na Lucy Lloyd) nke ọzọ a na-asụrụ na Strandberg na Katkop mgbe ha na ndị ọzọ na-asụgharị ya na-arụ ọrụ. Akụkụ ndị dị ndụ nke Tian Xam sitere na akụkọ ndị a kọrọ na okwu ndị e dekọrọ site na ndị a na Bleek na Lloyd Collection.
Pipe ahụ dị na mbido aha ahụ na-anọchite anya ịpị ezé, dị ka interjection Bekee tsk, tsk! a na-eji egosipụta ọmịiko ma ọ bụ ihere. Nke a na-egosi ụda na-enweghị ụda na-adịghị mma.
E jiri ya tụnyere asụsụ ndị ọzọ nke Khoisan, enwere obere ọdịiche n'ịsụgharị aha ahụ, ọ bụ ezie na a na-ahụ ya mgbe ụfọdụ na ụdị orthographic dị mfe, yana ụdị ụtọ asụsụ dị iche, ŌKuai.
(2019) depụtara akwụkwọ ndị na-esonụ dị ka ndị e gosipụtara nke ọma iji mata dị ka 意Xam.
N'ụzọ doro anya, a na-akpọ ya n'ụzọ doroba, mana Güldemann na-agụnye akwụkwọ atọ dị n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ (na-agbasa na Lesotho) n'okpuru okwu ahụ bụ "Wider" .
'iji ya tụnyere asụsụ ndị ọzọ dị ka Taa, o nwere ndepụta nke ụdaume ndị ọzọ, ọkachasị clicks, ebe enwere naanị usoro 8 nke click, nke dị obere karịa East. Ndepụta mbụ nke consonant nke ŌXam, gụnyere nkwụsị egressive, fricatives, na affricates yana ntinye clicks, edepụtara n'okpuru ebe a.
[ḭ ḛ a̰ o̰ ṵ] na-ahụ ụdaume ise ahụ dị ka [i [i e a o u]] ma na-ahụ ya na nasalization [ĩ ẽ ã õ ũ], pharyngealization [i a o o o o ] , na glottalization [i e o o o O ] .
Bleek na-ekwu na ụfọdụ anụmanụ n'akụkọ ifo nwere usoro okwu pụrụ iche. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Tortoise na-eji mkpịsị egbugbere ọnụ dochie mkpịsị aka, Mongoose na-eji ts, tsy, ty, dy wdg dochie mkpụsị egbugboro ọnụ, "nke na-ebute mkpịsị ọnụ nkịtị, mmekọrịta dị ka nke mkpịsị ihu na-ebu na mkpịsị ụbụrụ. Ọnwa, na ikekwe Hare na Anteater, na-eji ọbụna pịa "a most unpronounceable" n'ọnọdụ pịa niile ma e wezụga bilabial. Mgb ndị ọzọ a kpọtụrụ aha gụnyere okwu Blue Crane, onye na-ejedebe nkeji okwu mbụ nke ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ okwu ọ bụla na /t/.
A na-eji ya eme ihe maka ụkpụrụ South Africa na mkpuchi agha nke e nakweere na 27 Eprel 2000:
Ihe a na-ezube bụ ndị mmadụ dị iche iche na-ejikọ ọnụ ma ọ bụ, n'ozuzu, Ịdị n'otu n'ụdị dị iche iche. Nsụgharị okwu-okwu ndị mmadụ na-ezute dị iche iche. Otú dị, a maghị ma ahịrịokwu ahụ ọ ga-abụ okwu idiomatic na São Xam. N'ihi na ọ dịghịzi, a naghịzi ekwu okwu, ọ bụghị otu n'ime asụsụ iri na abụọ nke South Africa. Ndị ọkà okwu ikpeazụ nwụrụ n'afọ 1910. [1]
ebe enwere naanị usoro 8 nke click, nke dị obere karịa East. Ndepụta mbụ nke consonant nke ŌXam, gụnyere nkwụsị egressive, fricatives
Siltʼe language

Siltʼe (Siltʼe (siltwụrụ [siltʼiɲə] ma ọ bụ nke slịfe [jəsiltʼe af]) bụ asụsụ Semitic Etiopia a na-asụ na etiti Etiopia. Onye otu ezi na ụlọ Afroasiatic, ndị na-ekwu okwu ya bụ Silt'e, bụ ndị bi na mpaghara Silt'e na mpaghara ndịda Mba, mba na ndị mmadụ. Ndị na-asụ olumba Wolane na-ebikarị na Kokir Gedebano district nke Gurage, yana mpaghara Seden Sodo dị nso na mpaghara Oromia. Ụfọdụ ebiela n'obodo mepere emepe n'akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke obodo ahụ, karịsịa Addis Ababa.
Olumba nke asụsụ Siltʼe gụnyere: Azernet-Berbere, Silti, Wuriro, Ulbareg na Wolane. Enwere ihe dị ka ndị na-asụ Silt'e 940,000 (ọnụọgụ 2007); 125,000 ndị na-ekwu okwu Wolane.
Siltʼe nwere usoro ụdaume dị mma maka asụsụ Semitic nke Etiopia. E nwere ụdaume ndị a na-a/h/ụkarị, n'akụkụ ụdaume na-enweghị olu na ụdaume niile, ma e wezụga /h/ na //ʔ//, nwere ike ịme geminated, ya bụ, gbasaa.
Chaatị ndị dị n'okpuru na-egosi phonemes nke Siltʼe. Maka nnọchiteanya nke ụdaume Siltʼe, isiokwu a na-eji mgbanwe nke usoro a na-ahụkarị (ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụghị zuru ụwa ọnụ), n'etiti ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ na-arụ ọrụ na asụsụ Semitic nke Etiopia, mana ọ dịtụ iche na mgbakọ nke International Phonetic Alphabet. Mgbe akara IPA dị iche, a na-egosi ya na brackets na chaatị.
Mkpụrụedemede Siltʼe dị nnọọ iche na ụdaume asaa dị n'asụsụ ndị dị ka Amharic, Tigrinya na Geʽez. Siltʼe nwere usoro ụdaume ise dị mkpirikpi na ise dị ogologo nke bụ ihe atụ nke asụsụ Cushitic dị nso, nke nwere ike ịbụ mmalite nke usoro Siltʼ e. Enwere nnukwu ọdịiche allophonic n'ime ụdaume dị mkpirikpi, ọkachasị maka a; a na-egosikarị allophone nke /a/, [ə], na chaatị ahụ. Enwere ike iwepu ụdaume niile dị mkpirikpi tupu nkwụsịtụ.
Usoro odide a na-eme ka ọdịiche dị n'etiti naanị ụdaume asaa. Ụfọdụ n'ime ndịiche dị mkpụmkpụ dị na Silt'e enweghị akara. Na omume, nke a nwere ike ọ gaghị egbochi nghọta n'ihi na enwere obere ụzọ abụọ dị ntakịrị dabere na ogologo ụdaume. N'ime Silt'e edere, a na-edepụta ụdaume Geʽez asaa ahụ na udaume Silt'e iri dị ka ndị a:
Meshesha Make Jobo na-akọ na a na-eji asụsụ Amharic dochie anya iji asụsụ Siltʼe eme ihe site na ụfọdụ ndị na-asụ ya maka ngalaba ụfọdụ. Ọ na-ezo aka na nnukwu ihe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, ọtụtụ n'ime ha sitere na mba. Ọ na-ekwukwa obere ihe ndị dị n'ógbè, dị ka enweghị ụdị okike.
Mbe language

Mbe bụ asụsụ ndị Mbube nke Ogoja, na mpaghara Cross River State nke Naijiria na-asụ di ka asusu ha, nke dị ihe dị ka mmadụ 14,300 na 1973. Dị ka onye ikwu kacha nso nke ezinụlọ Ekoid nke asụsụ Southern Bantoid, Mbe dị nso na asụsụ Bantu. Ọ bụ ụda ma nwee usoro aha aha nke Niger-Congo.
Mkpụrụedemede igbo bụ i e ɛ a ɔ o u a ɔ o u.
Mbe nwere ndepụta ụdaume dị mgbagwoju anya ma e jiri ya tụnyere asụsụ Ekoid, ikekwe n'ihi kọntaktị sitere na asụsụ Upper Cross River ndị agbata obi ha.
Mkpụrụ okwu Mbe niile ma e wezụga labialʹvelars (databox) na n nwere ibe labialised. (//jʷ// bụ [ɥ].) Na mgbakwunye, nkwụsị ndị na-abụghị labialised (m p b k ɡ; palatalised ŋ ga-abụ ɲ) na mmiri (l r) nwere ibe palatalised.
E nwere ụdaume ole na ole na-apụta naanị na ideophones, dị ka //fʲ hʲ//.
Ihe ọzọ na-adọrọ mmasị dị n'etiti fortis na lenis //kʷ//. Fortis (ogologo?) /kwā/ ọkara-gbasa ụdaum/e/ na-esonụ dịka /e/, ebe lenis /kwā / emeghị. Ọdịiche a nwere ike ịla n'iyi. (Blench)
Ụda dị elu, dị ala, na-arị elu, na-ada na ala; na-arịgo ma na-ada nwere ike ịbụ usoro ụda.
Maximilienne Ngo Mbe

Maximilienne Chantal Ngo Mbe (amụrụ n'afọ 1972) bụ onye Cameroon na-eme mkpọsa maka ikike mmadụ. Ọ na-eduzi Réseau des Défenseurs des Droits Humains en Afrique Centrale (REDHAC). E nyere ya onyinye International Women of Courage Award na 2021.
Ọ na-edu ndị Cameroon Network of Human Rights Defenders of Central Africa (Réseau de Défenseurs des Droits Humains de l'Afrique Centrale) (REDHAC)[1] kemgbe 2010.[2] Ya na nzukọ ya dabere na Douala na Cameroon.[2] REDHAC na-ekpuchi mba asatọ nke Central Africa bụ Democratic Republic of Congo, Cameroon, Chad, Gabon, Central African Republic, Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea na São Tomé na Principe..
Ọ bụ onye na-ahụ maka akụ na ụba nke African Democracy Network ma ọ nọ na bọọdụ nke Pan African Human Rights Defenders Network . Netwọk a na-akwado nchebe nke ndị ọzọ na-agbachitere ikike mmadụ.
Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ahụ maka ntuli aka na onye ndụmọdụ na African Union .
N'afọ 2013 ọ kpọgara ụmụ ya na France iji chebe ha. A na-akatọ ya maka "ịre ndị ọdịda anyanwụ" ma kemgbe afọ 2017 a na-enye ya nsogbu na mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta.
N'ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 2020, ọ kpọrọ akụkọ gọọmentị banyere ihe ndị mere mgbe ogbugbu Ngarbuh gasịrị mgbe ndị agha gburu ndị nkịtị iri abụọ na abụọ.
Na 2021 ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị iri na anọ ahọpụtara ịnata onyinye nturu ugo ụmụ nwanyị mba ụwa.[1] Ememe a bụ nke ọma n'ihi ọrịa COVID-19 na-aga n'ihu yana ọ gụnyere adreesị nke First Lady, Dr. Jill Biden. Mgbe emume ihe nrite ahụ gasịrị, ndị niile nwetara onyinye iri na anọ ga-enwe ike isonye na mgbanwe mgbanwe dị ka akụkụ mmemme ndu ndị ọbịa mba ụwa.[2] N'oge na-adịghị anya, ụmụ nwanyị asaa ọzọ so na ihe nrite ndị nwụrụ na Afghanistan.
N'afọ 2022 ọ natara Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights Award..
Ndi ákíkó irò

Ndi akūko iro bu ndi na ako akūko maka ihe mere mgbe anyi amaghi.onweghi mgbe ha jiri búrú ezi okwu,kama obu ka ezi umuaka ihe.akúko iro na-abukari mgbe onwa na-amu.
ufodu ndi akuko iro bu:
Ekoid languages

Asụsụ Ekoid bụ ụyọkọ asụsụ nke asụsụ Southern Bantoid nke a na-asụkarị na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Naịjirịa na mpaghara ndị dị nso na Cameroon. Ọ dịla anya a na-ejikọta ha na asụsụ Bantu, na-enweghị nkọwa doro anya nke ọnọdụ ha. Crabb (1969) ka bụ akwụkwọ edemede kachasị na asụsụ ndị a, ọ bụ ezie na ọ dị mwute na, Akụkụ nke Abụọ, nke ga-enwe nyocha ụtọ asụsụ, ebipụtaghị ya. Crabb na-enyocha akwụkwọ banyere Ekoid ruo ụbọchị e bipụtara ya.
Asụsụ Mbe dị nso bụ onye ikwu Ekoid kacha nso ma jiri ya mepụta ngalaba Ekoid–Mbe nke Southern Bantoid.
Ethnologue depụtara ụdị Ekoid ndị na-esonụ na ọnọdụ nke asụsụ ndị nweere onwe ha. Branching sitere na Watters (1978) na Yoder et al. (2009).
Ka Esi Le Onye Isi Oche

"Ka Esi Le Onye Isi Oche" (English: "How the chairman was sold") is an Igbo highlife song by Nigerian musician Mike Ejeagha. Released in 1983 as part of his album Akuko N'Egwu Vol. 1, the song gained recognition in 2024 due to a viral dance challenge inspired by comedian Brain Jotter. The song's melody and lyrics, which tell a folktale about a tortoise and an elephant, have resonated with audiences of different ages.
Mike Ejeagha, often referred to as "Gentleman Mike Ejeagha", is a figure in the Nigerian music landscape, known for his contributions to the highlife genre. Born in the early 1930s in Owa, Ezeagu Local Government Area of Enugu State, Ejeagha's musical journey spans decades. Ejeagha's music blends traditional Igbo rhythms and melodies with Western musical influences. His lyrics draw inspiration from Igbo folklore and proverbs.
"Ka Esi Le Onye Isi Oche" is an example of Igbo highlife music, characterised by its rhythmic instrumentation and storytelling lyrics. The song narrates a classic Igbo folktale centered around the cleverness of the tortoise, Mbe, and the might of the elephant, Enyi. The lyrics, rich in Igbo cultural references, have resonated with audiences, especially the song's chorus, featuring the repetitive phrase "Gwo Gwo Gwo Ngwo".
The resurgence of "Ka Esi Le Onye Isi Oche" can be largely attributed to a viral dance challenge that spread across social media platforms in 2024. The trend was started by Nigerian comedian Brain Jotter, who incorporated the song into one of his skits. The dance routine involves two people facing each other, then walking towards one another before engaging in a series of leg movements. The chorus of the song, featuring the repetitive "Gwo Gwo Gwo Ngwo", provides the rhythmic backdrop for the dance. The challenge gained momentum with millions of people, including celebrities, sharing their own versions on social media platforms.
Owan

Owan is an ethnic group in the Northern part of Edo State, Nigeria. They are one of the Edoid peoples.
Owan is currently made up of two Local Government Areas, namely: Owan East and Owan West, including so many clans; notable amongst them are: Ihievbe, Emai people, Iuleha land, Ora, Igue, Uokha, Otuo, Ikhin, Ivbi-Mion,Ikao, Ivbi-adaobi, Ozalla, Uzebba etc. Owan was derived from the largest and longest river in the area which is known as Onwan/Owan. Onwanvbua was abbreviated as onwan, which means one who makes merry in affluence.
The name Owan, also pronounced Onwan, is derived from the root word "Owanbua" which is a name of a notable daughter of Egomi of Uvbiato. Uvbiato is the present day Uhonmora, meaning the head of all Ora. Folklores have it that Madam Owan married at Otuo village but was not blessed with any children. When she died, it is said that she was not left in her hut because she had no children. So, she was determined to return to her hometown and her burial place became a stream that flowed from Otuo, through many villages in Owan East and expanded in Owan West because she said that she has reached her home before joining the Ule river which eventually emptied into the river "Ose".
Many Owan communities trace their origins to migrations from Benin at different times. Historical accounts, including those by Chief Jacob U. Egharevba, suggest that Omorodion, popularly known as Odion among the people of Uwokha, was one of the sons of Oba Eweka I. Following a succession dispute after the demise of Oba Eweka I, Omorodion left Benin City and established Uwokha, a name derived from the Benin word "Uwoha," meaning "bush." Over time, the name evolved into Uwokha or Uokha.
The Okhaku'roros so perfected the art of wars to a stage that they used magical means to make tortoises into signaling devices. These tortoises would whistle to indicate imminent attacks. An Akhuere or ducant tree was planted on a spot in Avbiosi to mark the fetish object, which they named Unuo gboeren. To avoid spiritual repercussions, hunters would not pick the whistling tortoise in that vicinity. The Unuo gboeren is a shrine that still stands today in Avbiosi. In 1976, the Unuo gboeren tree was to give way to a new road, being constructed by Niger cat construction company. The road was supposed to be a thoroughfare, passing through Avbiosi to Ifon in Ondo state, Nigeria. The intervention of Pa Alfred Onime Obuhoro spared this tree, and the road was diverted from the shrine. Pa Obuhoro was born under the tree on 24 December 1922. This shrine is appeased during severe draughts to bring rain.
Cosmetic palette

Cosmetic palettes are archaeological artifacts, originally used in predynastic Egypt to grind and apply ingredients for facial or body cosmetics. The decorative palettes of the late 4th millennium BCE appear to have lost this function and became commemorative, ornamental, and possibly ceremonial. They were made almost exclusively out of siltstone with a few exceptions. The siltstone originated from quarries in the Wadi Hammamat.
Many of the palettes were found at Hierakonpolis, a centre of power in pre-dynastic Upper Egypt. After the unification of the country, the palettes ceased to be included in tomb assemblages.
Notable decorative palettes are:
Even undecorated palettes were often given pleasing shapes, such as the zoomorphic palettes, which included turtles and, very commonly, fish. The fish zoomorphic palette often had an upper-centrally formed hole, presumably for suspension, and thus display.
There are also Near East stone palettes, from Canaan, Bactria, and Gandhara.
Siltstone was first utilized for cosmetic palettes by the Badarian culture. The first palettes used in the Badarian Period and in Naqada I were usually plain, rhomboidal or rectangular in shape, without any further decoration. It is in the Naqada II period in which the zoomorphic palette is most common. On these examples there is more focus on symbolism and display, rather than a purely functional object for grinding pigments. The importance of symbolism eventually outweighs the functional aspect with the more elite examples found in the Naqada III period, but there is also a reversion to non-zoomorphic designs among non-elite individuals.
Mbeku

Mbeku // (from the Igbo word for tortoise) is the trickster tortoise in Igbo and West African folktales.
In one aetiological tale Mbekwu gets taken by the birds to a feast in the sky. When he eats all the food, the birds stop him from flying back to the earth, and he falls, which is how the tortoises got the patterns on their shells.
In an Igbo fable Mbekwu (or Mbe) persuades Grasshopper (Ukpana) to help fake sadness on the death of his father-in-law, so that he can get food from his kinsmen, but breaks his pledge to share the food. The grasshopper betrays him to his kinsfolk, who kill him.
Ferdy the Ant (TV series)

Ferdy the Ant (also simply referred to as Ferdy and Ferda) is a 1984 German-British children's animated television series based on the Ferda Mravenec series of picture books by Czech author Ondřej Sekora. The animation was handled by Far Eastern Productions.
There are three English dubs. The original British English dub, the short-lived Harmony Gold USA dub and a German-produced 2000 dub that uses English-speaking voice actors based in Germany.
The show is primarily aimed towards children from ages 3 to 10, and has been owned by Entertaining Cartoon Productions and Licensing AG since 2000. It was also an animation by Far Eastern Animation in Taiwan.
It was also International Broadcast on the ABC & ABC Kids in Australia. The series was also broadcast on Nepal Television during the early 2000s. It was one of the few animated shows including Moomins that aired on the Nepal's national television at that time.
The series revolves around a little boy-ant named Ferdy as he embarks on a variety of adventures in the insect utopia of Käfertal with his close insect friends.
Story-arcs usually last up to seven episodes.
A 3D episodic arcade video game based on the series was developed by Centauri Productions and released by Cenega in 2002 for the PC.
In 1986, select episodes of the Harmony Gold USA English dub of the series received a small VHS release in the US. The entire series was released on DVD in the Czech Republic in 2003.
Felicity Okpete Ovai

Amụrụ Felicity Okpete Ovai na afọ 1961. Ọrụ aka ya bụ Ịnjịniarịn nke ndi oyibo na-akpọ Engineering na agụmakwụkwọ. Ọ bụ onye Degema na Rivers Steti di na obodo Naijiria. Ọ nọ na otu ndi a na akpọ Rivers State People's Democratic Party, ọ bụ nwanyi mbụ ahọpụtara ka ọ bụrụ Cọmishọna ndị ọrụ, ojere ozi si te na afọ 2003 ruo na afọ 2006.
Ovai gachara ụlọ akwụkwọ nke secondary education na Holy Rosary Secondary School (nke a na akpọ Holy Rosary College ụgba) nọ na Port Harcourt. Onwetara asambodo nke ana akpọ B.Tech na Agricultural Engineering na mahadum nke Sayensị na Nkanaụzụ nọ na Rivers Statị ya na nzere Masters na nke a na akpọ Mechanical Engineering na Mahadum nọ na Port Harcourt. (University of Port Harcourt)
Ovai ọ nọ la n'okwa ọtụtụ na Rivers State. She served as first woman Commissioner of Works in the Executive Council of Rivers State from 2003 to 2006. While in office, she oversaw the commencement of a number of road construction projects in the state including work on the road connecting Ogoni, Andoni, and Opobo–Nkoro generally christened Unity Road which totaled about ₦11.8 billion.
Pentaclethra macrophylla

Pentaclethra macrophylla, also known as the African oil bean, tree is a large size tree with long bipinnate compound leaves that is endemic to West and Central Africa. It is within the family Fabaceae. Seeds of the species are prepared and fermented to make Ugba, a soup condiment in Nigeria.
A large tree that is capable of growing up to 36 meters tall, mature trees are scaly, brown barked and low branching; the base of the tree has thick buttressed roots while the trunk is gnarled and twisted. Leaves, up to 45 cm long, alternate, bipinnately compound in arrangement, 9-13 pairs of opposite pinnae with 8-14 pairs of leaflets per pinnae, leaflets are rhombic in shape; stipule is 3–5 mm long and petiole can be up to 8 cm long. Leaflets are oblong to elliptical in outline, 1.2-2.5 cm long and 5–8 mm wide, apex is rounded to obtuse, leaf base is unequal, either auriculate or cuneate. Inflorescence, terminal or axial, up tp 30 cm long in spiciform panicles; calyx tube is 0.7 mm long, calyx lobes are 5, up to 0.5 mm long, petals are also 5, up to 3 mm long. Flowers are fragrant and pale yellow in color, flowering period is between February and April. Fruit is a dark brown -blackish pod, up to 50 cm long, 10 cm wide and 2 cm in thickness, 6-10, seeded, the seeds that have a purplish brown testa, are 3.5–6 cm long and up to 1 cm thick.
Occurs in the forest zones of Senegal eastwards to Sudan and southwards to Angola.
After processing and fermentation, the processed seeds containing carbohydrates that is rich in fructose and glucose, fatty oil that is rich in oleic and linoleic acid, protein and amino acids are used as condiments in soups and salad or eaten. Oil extracts from the seeds are used to make 'owala' butter, an ingredient used in making candles, lubricants and ointments in Central Africa.
A decoction of the bark is applied as a topical treatment for sores and wounds. In parts of Nigeria, leaf extracts are used in traditional medicine for the treatment of diarrhea related ailments.
Blunt (cannabis)

Un blunt (en inglés «romo», «sin punta»; pronunciación en inglés: /blʌnt/; a veces en castellano /blun/) es un término coloquial para referirse a un cigarro de cannabis o hachís montado con hojas de tabaco en vez de papel de liar. Esto lo diferencia del porro, además de tener un tamaño considerablemente mayor.​ Esta forma de fumar cannabis se considera más dañina para la salud, ya que no se hace uso de filtros​ y las hojas de tabaco contienen nicotina. El blunt toma su nombre de los cigarrillos Phillies Blunt de la marca Phillies.​
Sinónimos comunes para blunt son El-P o L (de la marca El Producto) y Dutch (de Dutch Masters ).
Los blunts tienen su origen en las grandes ciudades de Estados Unidos como Nueva York, Filadelfia y Baltimore durante los 80s y 90s. Surgieron como solución práctica ante las restricciones contra el uso del cannabis, ya que la envoltura de hoja de tabaco era un camuflaje efectivo.​
En esta época fue común ver a los cantantes de la cultura hip hop como 2Pac, Snoop Dogg o Schoolboy Q con puros en la mano mientras rapeaban en público, sin embargo no lo hacían para fumar tabaco sino marihuana.​​ De esta manera, se estaba haciendo uso de la marihuana, una droga considerada de clase baja, pero con apariencia de un puro, un artículo de lujo y expresión implícita de poder, algo que los raperos del momento aprovecharon.​ Los blunts quedarían definitivamente ligados a la edad de oro del hip hop neoyorkino gracias a la aparición de paquetes de Phillies en los videoclips y en las letras.​
Para hacer un blunt, se abre el puro longitudinalmente con navaja, se «destripa» del tabaco, se arma y se vuelve a enrollar. En la actualidad es cada vez más común usar papel suelto, llamado papel blunt (en inglés, blunt wraps). Algunos se comercializan saborizados. Por extensión, blunt también puede referirse a cigarrillos que han sufrido el mismo proceso.
En la industria tabacalera, blunt se refiere a un puro más grande que un cigarrillo pero menos que un Corona (el clásico tamaño de un puro).​ Debido al uso de los puros blunt, particularmente los de la marca Phillies, en la cultura cannábica blunt pasó a referirse a un cigarro de cannabis. También se puede usar cualquier puro o purito de bajo costo comúnmente disponible, dependiendo de la idoneidad y disponibilidad. Otras marcas que producen puros blunt son Backwoods, Swisher Sweets, White Owl y 4k cigars.
Debido al contenido de tabaco en la hoja, un blunt lleva consigo los riesgos del uso del tabaco, incluyendo adicción a la nicotina.​
Plácido Martínez

Plácido Nicolás Martínez (Santa Lucía, provincia de Corrientes, 1844 - Corrientes, diciembre de 1879) fue un militar y político argentino, figura descollante del Partido Liberal de su provincia, y que participó en las últimas guerras civiles argentinas.
Estudió en la villa de Goya y en el Colegio Nacional de Concepción del Uruguay, donde se hizo muy popular entre sus compañeros por su exaltación liberal. En su juventud fue comerciante.
Al estallar la Guerra del Paraguay se enroló como voluntario en las milicias provinciales y participó en la recuperación de la ciudad de Corrientes, que había sido invadida por los paraguayos. Permaneció por cuatro años en el servicio militar activo, participando en todas las batallas de la campaña de Huamaitá, incluyendo las de Paso de la Patria, Itapirú, Estero Bellaco, Tuyutí, Boquerón, Curuzú y Curupaytí. También participó en la campaña de Asunción, participando en los más peligrosos ataques y ganándose la fama de valiente que lo acompañaría el resto de su vida.
A principios de 1869 regresó a Corrientes, enfermo. Cuando estalló la revolución de Ricardo López Jordán en 1870, formó un batallón de milicias con el que luchó en la defensa de las ciudades de Paraná y Concordia y en la batalla de Ñaembé. Fue ascendido a teniente coronel.
Apoyó al gobernador Justo contra los revolucionarios de 1872 y participó en la batalla de Tabaco. Sus enemigos lo mantuvieron en su cargo y grado militar, gracias al prestigio de que gozaba.
Desde ese momento, se convirtió en el caudillo liberal de la provincia, junto a su hermano Juan Esteban Martínez. Editó el periódico liberal La Patria y fue diputado provincial por el departamento de Concepción.
Apoyó la revolución mitrista de 1874, y al frente de sus hombres tomó el poder en la ciudad de Goya; pero no logró movilizar al ejército provincial y debió huir cruzando toda la provincia. Tras las derrotas de Mitre y Arredondo, los liberales fueron obligados a rendirse sin luchar. Huyó al Uruguay y después al Paraguay.
Regresó a Goya con permiso expreso del presidente Nicolás Avellaneda y se dedicó a atacar al gobierno desde su periódico. En 1877 fue uno de los dirigentes de la revolución liberal que derribó al gobernador autonomista Manuel Derqui — hijo del expresidente Santiago Derqui. Por esa revolución fue ascendido a coronel por el nuevo gobernador, el liberal Felipe Cabral, que también lo nombró inspector del ejército provincial. Reorganizó las milicias provinciales, preparándolas para las guerras civiles que pensaba que todavía tendrían que lucharse en Corrientes.
Murió en diciembre de 1879 en Corrientes, y por un tiempo se creyó que había sido envenenado. Su fama de valiente sin límites lo había hecho un mito en vida, y su funeral fue legendario: por muchas décadas, no se volvió a reunir tanta gente en un acto en la ciudad de Corrientes.
Su hermano Juan Esteban era en ese momento vicegobernador y fue uno de los más destacados dirigentes liberales por dos décadas más, llegando a ser elegido gobernador por dos veces. Fue también el líder de los liberales, derrotados en la última batalla de las guerras civiles argentinas, a finales del año 1880.
Paquete de software

Un paquete de software es una serie de programas que se distribuyen conjuntamente. Algunas de las razones suelen ser que el funcionamiento de cada uno complementa lo que requieren otros, además de que sus objetivos están relacionados como estrategia de mercadotecnia.​
Muchos sistemas operativos modernos emplean sistemas de gestión de paquetes que permiten que el administrador del sistema incorpore o desincorpore paquetes, sin que en ningún momento queden programas instalados que no funcionen por falta de otros incluidos en su paquete. El sistema de gestión de paquetes usualmente también se ocupa de mantener las dependencias entre paquetes: si un paquete se recuesta en otro, el sistema se encarga de instalar este primero.
También encontramos paquetes de software en la distribución comercial de TV, ya que se suelen ofertar paquetes de software; o bien por ofrecer un precio menor del que costaría cada programa por separado o bien porque solo exista la oferta conjunta y única.
United/Zyklon B Zombie

"United/Zyklon B Zombie" is the debut single by industrial band Throbbing Gristle. It was released in 7" vinyl format in May 1978, through the band's own Industrial Records.
The single's A-side, "United", was called "one of the first electropop singles" by Jon Savage, while the B-side, "Zyklon B Zombie", has been seen as a parody of punk rock music. "United" featured a minimal drum loop and synthesizer pattern with uncharacteristically positive lyrics, while "Zyklon B Zombie" featured little more than growling, distorted vocals and bass guitar with a frenetic guitar solo. Both tracks were later released in the CD version of The Second Annual Report.
The original pressing by Industrial Records had its own unique label and logo. After approximately 20,000 sales, re-pressing was taken over by Rough Trade and the single was re-cut with different messages ('Salon Kitty' on side B and '437 666 OTO' 'RE-CUT 4 Nov 79' and '20,000 DOWN' on side A). Cosey Fanni Tutti's guitar on "Zyklon B Zombie" was much louder on this repress than the original version.
A third pressing was in white vinyl (1,000 copies) and clear vinyl (1,000 copies) and features around two minutes of rain and train sounds at the end of side two.
"United" appeared on Throbbing Gristle's second studio album D.o.A: The Third and Final Report of Throbbing Gristle, sped up to a duration of only 0:16.
Splinter pattern camouflage

Splinter pattern camouflage is a military camouflage pattern consisting of polygons.
Splittermuster (German for splinter-pattern) was developed by Germany in the late 1920s. Splittermuster was issued to practically all Wehrmacht units. The pattern consists of a disruptive pattern of hard-edged polygons, with sharp corners between coloured patches. A random pattern of dashes was applied in places to improve the camouflage effect.
M90 camouflage is the camouflage pattern used by the Swedish armed forces for clothing and vehicles. The pattern employs hard lines of geometric shapes in order to create a camouflage pattern effective in the temperate forests and plains of Sweden. M90 camouflage comprises four colours: dark green, medium green, dark navy and light beige. Desert and jungle variants have also been developed.
Fire brigade key

Fire brigade keys are a set of standardized keys used in the United Kingdom to secure items which need to be kept locked against casual interference, but still need to be quickly and easily accessed in an emergency by fire brigades and other emergency services. Uses include securing areas such as common storage cupboards and equipment rooms and access control devices such as road barriers and movable bollards.
Fire brigade keys are not secret or restricted, and are widely available for sale from locksmiths and hardware stores. Because of their widespread availability, they are only suitable for low-security applications.
OnePlus 12

The OnePlus 12 is an Android-based smartphone manufactured by OnePlus. It was announced on December 5, 2023, and made available on December 11, 2023.
OnePlus 12 ships with Oxygen OS 14 (Android 14). OnePlus claims to provide 4 years of Android updates and 5 years of security patches.
Since October 30th 2024 some owners of OnePlus 12 can optionally receive a beta version of Oxygen OS 15 (Android 15) before the final release. Oxygen OS 15 includes many new features, among those are updated UI interface, theft protection, easier to share files with iPhone, better multitasking and drag-and-drop to other apps.
Oxygen OS 15 (Android 15) is also expected to bring new AI features:
Android 15 (Oxygen OS 15) stable version started to roll out globally since November 11th 2024.
On November 28th 2024 OnePlus started shipping OxygenOS 15.0.0.305 which brings AI features which were not included in the original Android 15 update earlier this month.
OnePlus 12 uses an aluminium frame and has a curved display. The rear part of the phone uses etched glass. The OnePlus 12 has an IP65 rating. The phone's performance in 3DMark's Wildlife Extreme test was twice as high as that of the Pixel 8 Pro.
The OnePlus 12 has 16GB of RAM and 512 GB of storage. OnePlus also offers a 24 GB / 1 TB variant, but it is not available in all regions.
According to GSM Arena OnePlus 12 has a better battery life than the previous model OnePlus 11 (5,000mAh capacity in OnePlus 11), OnePlus 12 works ~27% longer from a full battery in comparison with OnePlus 11 according to tests.
Notebookcheck reported that the OnePlus 12 has a better battery runtime than OnePlus 11 in all 3 tests: 1965 minutes vs 1680 minutes in Reader/Idle test, 1820 minutes vs 1380 minutes in H.264 video playback test, 1237 minutes vs 803 minutes in WiFi websurfing test.
OnePlus 12 and Samsung S24 Ultra have achieved similar active use score according to tests. However, in terms of charging speed OnePlus 12 uses 100W charger and the battery can be charged to 100% in 24 minutes, meanwhile Samsung S24 Ultra uses 45W charger and it needs 65 minutes to charge battery to 100%.
OnePlus 12 has an IR for controlling remotely consumer devices such as TVs.
CNN praised the OnePlus 12's $800 price tag as being great value for what the phone offered, and able to compete with other flagship phones.
Bill Dance Outdoors

Bill Dance Outdoors is a half-hour fishing television series hosted by former professional tournament angler Bill Dance. Each episode focuses on various aspects of recreational fishing techniques, usually targeting black bass species, such as Largemouth and Smallmouth bass, though does occasionally focus on other species such as Channel catfish and Bluegill. Each episode is about half-hour long, and will occasionally include viewer mail, product advertisement, and tips & tricks segments along with the primary topic of the particular episode. The show has featured guest appearances by celebrities such as Terry Bradshaw, Hank Williams, Jr., Mel Tillis, Jerry Reed, and many others. The theme music used for his show is "Gone Fishin' with Bill Dance Today" by David Muir. The show was produced by Strike King Productions from 1988 to 1997. Since 1998, the show was produced by DM Outdoor Teleproductions (DMOT, Inc.).
The show began as a local program on a Memphis, Tennessee ABC affiliate WHBQ-TV on January 5, 1968. In 1981, the show was picked up by ESPN, which stayed until 1988. In 1989, the show was picked up by TNN, which stayed until 2002. In 2003, the show was picked up by Outdoor Life Network (now known as NBCSN in the United States). Tony McClure is the executive producer.
Lower riser package

The Lower Riser Package is a mechanical device to protect an oil well located underwater (subsea) and used during an oil well intervention. The LRP is essentially a mini blow out preventer (BOP). The lower riser package consists of a connector to the subsea oil well, a series of safety valves and a connection point at the top for connection to the riser pipe. The riser pipe is essentially a mini Marine riser and has a maximum inside diameter of 7 inches. A marine riser has a maximum inside diameter of 19 inches.
The LRP is used within what is called a workover system. A workover system is basically a series of valves and high strength pipe connecting a floating drilling rig to the subsea Christmas tree.
This device is also known as a lower marine riser package (LMRP).
Monumento a los Héroes de la Independencia (Puebla)

El Monumento a los Héroes de la Independencia, también conocido como Monumento a la Independencia de México, es una escultura del artista mexicano Jesús F. Contreras. Se encuentra en el cruce de la Avenida Juárez y la calle 19 Sur, en Puebla, capital del estado mexicano del mismo nombre.
A finales del siglo XIX, Jesús Fructuoso Contreras (1866-1902) era uno de los mayores exponentes de la plástica mexicana. Su cercanía con el régimen porfirista​ le valió encargos para crear obras representativas de la historia de México que serían colocadas en el flamante Paseo de la Reforma, en la Ciudad de México. Dada la importancia estratégica de la ciudad de Puebla en los episodios más significativos de la joven nación independiente, también allí se comisionó a Contreras para la creación de diversas esculturas, en particular: un monumento dedicado a la Independencia de México y una estatua ecuestre de Ignacio Zaragoza.​
El primer diseño del monumento a la Independencia consistió de dos estatuas en lados opuestos de la misma base. De un lado muestra a Nicolás Bravo con un ángel sosteniendo una corona de laurel; del otro, una persona en toga y corona triunfal, sosteniendo un libro. Esta estatua se encuentra actualmente en el Paseo Bravo, un parque urbano ubicado en el centro histórico de Puebla.​
El diseño definitivo, comisionado en 1896,​ muestra a una mujer rompiendo sus cadenas —símbolo de la libertad— y alzada sobre una esfera por varios personajes de la Independencia de México: Miguel Hidalgo, Vicente Guerrero, el Pípila, el tamborcito insurgente, entre otros.​​ El monumento se inauguró finalmente el 16 de septiembre de 1898.​ Se ubicaba originalmente en el Paseo Bravo, de frente a la Iglesia de Guadalupe (actual Avenida Reforma entre 11 y 13 Sur).​​
El monumento a los Héroes de la Independencia fue movido a su posición actual en 1922, durante la administración municipal del alcalde Leopoldo Gavito. Este traslado coincidió con el ensanche de la ciudad hacia el oeste, alrededor de la lujosa Avenida Juárez que había sido inaugurada dos décadas antes.​​​ La estatua marca también, en el recorrido del oeste hacia el centro, el inicio de la Zona de Monumentos, el casco histórico de la ciudad protegido como Patrimonio de la Humanidad.
La Presa A.L.R. (Tijuana)

La Delegación La Presa A.L.R. (acrónimo de Abelardo L. Rodríguez) es una demarcación territorial y administrativa del municipio de Tijuana, en Baja California, México, ubicada al este de la ciudad. Es la segunda delegación más poblada del municipio y la principal demarcación suburbana.
El nombre de la delegación deriva de la Presa Abelardo L. Rodríguez, construcción que fue inaugurada el 20 de noviembre de 1940.​ El nombre de la presa se le debe al exgobernador y también expresidente de México, Abelardo L. Rodríguez. En 1954 se convirtió en delegación del recién creado municipio de Tijuana, luego de llamarse La Presa García, en honor al Rancho García ubicado en el cañón donde se construyó La Presa.​
El 30 de noviembre de 2013, el cabildo de Tijuana decide dividir La Presa en dos: La Presa A.L.R. y La Presa Este;​ por lo que, aunque físicamente ya no tenía contacto con la presa, el nombre que históricamente le había pertenecido, lo mantuvo.
La delegación La Presa A.L.R. colinda al norte con la delegación Otay Centenario; al oeste con la delegación Cerro Colorado y el resto, se encuentra rodeada por La Presa Este, demarcación que antes pertenecía a esta.
A diferencia de otras ciudades en el mundo, los barrios en México son colonias que no cuentan realmente con alguna autoridad gubernamental oficial, aunque en ocasiones se cuenta con alguna junta de colonos. La demarcación está conformada, principalmente, por fraccionamientos y algunas colonias, de las cuales las más conocidas son las siguientes:
Mariano Matamoros, Villa Fontana, El Pípila, Altiplano, Valle Verde, Villa Real, Ejido Francisco Villa, Anabel, Colas de Matamoros, Mariano, entre otras.
La delegación La Presa A.L.R. no cuenta precisamente con variedad de ocio y cultura; más allá de unidades deportivas y parques, los espacios culturales son limitados y son los centros comerciales, los cuales se convierten en la atracción popular.
Las vialidades principales de esta demarcación son el Bulevar 2000, que inicia justo a unos metros de la caseta de cuota de la Autopista Federal No. 2,, y que lleva hacia el sur de la ciudad y Playas de Rosarito. Además, los bulevares Cucapah y Casablanca, continúan su curso desde la delegación Cerro Colorado, conectando con avenidas como Paseo de las Aguas y el Bulevar Francisco Blake Mora, en honor al ex-secretario de Gobernación durante el sexenio de Felipe Calderón.
Las Rutas Independencia e Hidalgo son las principales vías del Mariano Matamoros, una de las colonias más extensas de delegación.
Monumento al Pípila

El Monumento al Pípila es un monumento en honor de El Pípila, está ubicado en la Ciudad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato,​ fue creado por el escultor Juan Fernando Olaguíbel (quién también creó a La Diana Cazadora), a base de cantera rosa y fue inaugurado en septiembre de 1939. El sitio donde se encuentra ubicado el monumento da una imagen panorámica de la Ciudad de Guanajuato por lo que es un sitio tradicionalmente turístico.
En la base cuenta con un grabado que cita:
El autor de esta frase fue Don Ernesto Arnoux Siqueiros Gobernador provisional del Estado.
Juan Fernando Olaguíbel

Juan Fernando Olaguíbel Rosenzweig (Guanajuato, México, 1896-1976) fue un escultor mexicano, autor de una obra extensa que se observa en diferentes puntos de la Ciudad de México (la Diana Cazadora, la Fuente de Petróleos) y de otras ciudades mexicanas (Monumento al Pípila). Se formó en la Academia de San Carlos (1911) bajo la influencia del Dr. Atl y las corrientes de la época, cruzando la tradición de la escultura clasicista con la moderna. Su vida está cubierta de aventuras y, relacionado estrechamente con Jose Clemente Orozco, David Alfaro Siqueiros y Dr. Atl, participó en el complejo proceso cultural de la Revolución en la primera década con la fundación del diario La Vanguardia; luchó con las armas junto a Salvador Alvarado en Campeche, donde estableció relaciones con Miguel Ángel Fernández.
Algunas de sus obras más conocidas son:
Parque Morelos (Guadalajara)

El Parque Morelos es un parque urbano de la ciudad de Guadalajara. Está ubicado en la calzada Independencia del centro histórico.
La zona donde está el parque fue creada por la bifurcación del río San Juan de Dios. En la época virreinal era un bosque de álamos. La zona contaba con dos puentes, incluyendo el del Molino del Chocolate de la Beatas (hoy calle Federación). Con el tiempo la zona cayó en el olvido, convirtiéndose en un tiradero. En el siglo XX después de la Revolución mexicana vino el entubamiento del río San Juan de Dios para convertirlo en la calzada Independencia. Se aprovechó arreglar la zona y convertirla en el Paseo de la Alameda. Se contrató al arquitecto Rafael Urzúa para crear un parque adecuado para los tapatíos. Hoy en día el parque es muy conocido por los raspados y las celebraciones de Día de Muertos.​​
Desde 1967 cuenta con una escultura ecuestre de bronce del general José María Morelos sobre un pedestal hemicíclico de mármol y cantera. Hay una estela piramidal de cantera con una águila de la independencia. En el texto grabado en bronce, es incluido el punto 12 de los Sentimientos de la Nación de la cual buscaba una mayor igualdad social en México, reduciendo el tiempo de las jornadas y mejorar las costumbres para las clases marginadas.​ A lado del monumento inicia la Calzada de los Insurgentes que incluye 14 bustos de Juan Álvarez, Francisco Xavier Mina, Valerio Trujano, Nicolás Bravo, Mariano Abasolo, Ignacio López Rayón, el Pípila, Ignacio Allende, Guadalupe Victoria, Narciso Mendoza, Hermenegildo Galeana, Vicente Guerrero, Ignacio Aldama y José Mariano Jiménez. Al final de este camino se encuentra un quiosco.​
Pipile pipile

La pava de Trinidad​ (Pipile pipile), también yacutingá de cara azul, chachalaca de la Trinidad, guan común de Trinidad, pava rajadora, o yacutinga cariazul, es una especie de ave galliforme de la familia Cracidae, que se encuentra únicamente en los bosques de la isla Trinidad. La especie está en peligro crítico de extinción por destrucción o intervención de su hábitat.​
Se caracteriza por su larga cresta blanca a los lados y negruzca al centro; piel blanca alrededor de los ojos y garganta azul ancha. El plumaje es negruzco con un parche alar blanco barreteado. Las patas son rojizas.
Se alimentan de frutos, semillas e insectos, en parejas o tríos. Anidan en la parte más alta y densa de los árboles. Ponen dos a tres huevos.
Varias pavas fueron consideradas anteriormente como subespecies de Pipile pipile. Sin embargo, la osteología, biogeografía y el análisis de DNA mitocondrial (Grau et.al. 2005),​ demostró la separación de las tres especies P. cumanensis, P. cujubi y P. jacutinga y además, la relación de todas ellas con la especie Aburria aburri, de manera incluso que P. jacutinga se encuentra más distante de las demás, que A. aburri. No obstante, estas conclusiones no han sido aceptadas por el Comité de Clasificación de Sudamérica (SACC),​ ni por la lista de Clements.​