davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
হলি ক্রস উচ্চ বালিকা বিদ্যালয়

হলিক্রস উচ্চ বালিকা বিদ্যালয় বাংলাদেশের নারী শিক্ষার ক্ষেত্রে একটি খ্যাতনামা শিক্ষাপ্রতিষ্ঠান। বিদ্যালয়টি ঢাকার তেজগাঁও এলাকায় অবস্থিত। এখানে বিজ্ঞান, মানবিক ও বাণিজ্য তিন বিভাগেই শিক্ষা কার্যক্রম চালু রয়েছে। বিদ্যালয়ের ২ টি শিফটে প্রায় ১৮০০ জন ছাত্রী রয়েছে। শিক্ষাবছর জানুয়ারি থেকে শুরু হয়।
১৮৫৩ সালে বাংলাদেশে হলিক্রস সিস্টারদের আগমন ঘটে। ১৯৫১ সালে তেজগাঁও এলাকায় মারী, ফ্রান্সলিয়া ও রোজ বার্নার্ড মাত্র ২ জন ছাত্রী নিয়ে একটি কিন্ডারগার্টেন খোলেন। ঐ বছরই নভেম্বর মাসে এটিকে একটি প্রাথমিক বিদ্যালয়ে রূপান্তরিত করা হয়। সম্পূর্ণ ইংলিশ মাধ্যমে পড়ানো হলেও বাংলাকে পাঠ্য বিষয়ের অন্তর্গত রাখা হয়েছিল। ১৯৬৩ সালে বিদ্যালয়টিতে নবম শ্রেণীতে মানবিক বিভাগ চালু করা হয়; বিজ্ঞান বিভাগ আরম্ভ হয় ১৯৭০ সালে। মুক্তিযুদ্ধের পর ১৯৭২ সালে বিদ্যালয়টিকে সম্পূর্ণরূপে বাংলা মাধ্যমে পরিণত করা হয়। ১৯৭৯ সালে ছাত্র ভর্তি বন্ধ করে এটিকে সম্পূর্ণ বালিকা বিদ্যালয়ে পরিণত করা হয়। ১৯৯৮ সাল থেকে এখানে বাণিজ্য বিভাগ চালু করা হয়।
১৯৭১ সালের আগ পর্যন্ত স্কুলে ইংরেজি মাধ্যমে পাঠদান করা হত। বাংলাদেশ স্বাধীন হবার পরে ১৯৭২ সাল থেকে স্কুলে বাংলা মাধ্যমে শিক্ষা প্রদান করা শুরু হয়।
বাংলা ভাষা ও সাহিত্যিক সভা, সিঙ্গাপুর

বাংলা ভাষা ও সাহিত্যিক সভা, সিঙ্গাপুর (বিএলএলএস) ১৯৯৪ সালে প্রতিষ্ঠিত হয় যার লক্ষ ছিল সিঙ্গাপুরে বেড়ে উঠা তরুণ প্রজন্মকে বাংলা ভাষা শিক্ষা দেয়া। প্রতিষ্ঠালগ্ন থেকে এই সংগঠনটি সিঙ্গাপুরে বাংলা ভাষা এবং সাহিত্যকে ছড়িয়ে দিতে কাজ করছে এবং বিদ্যালয়মুখি শিক্ষার্থীদের প্রাতিষ্ঠানিক শিক্ষা দিয়ে আসছে। বিদ্যালয় কার্যক্রম ছাড়াও বিএলএলএস সভা বিভিন্ন সাংস্কৃতিক অনুষ্ঠানের আয়োজন করে থাকে, যেমন- বার্ষিক সাংস্কৃতিক অনুষ্ঠান, বনভোজন এবং আন্তর্জাতিক মাতৃভাষা দিবস উদ্‌যাপন।
আবুল কাসেম (ভাষা সৈনিক)

প্রিন্সিপাল মোহাম্মদ আবুল কাসেম (২৮ জুন ১৯২০ - ১১ মার্চ ১৯৯১) একজন প্রথিতযশা বাংলাদেশী রাজনীতিবিদ, লেখক, সমাজসেবক এবং বিশিষ্ট শিক্ষাবিদ। তিনি বাংলা ভাষা আন্দোলনের স্থপতি এবং তমদ্দুন মজলিস ও বাঙলা কলেজের প্রতিষ্ঠাতা।
মোহাম্মদ আবুল কাসেম ১৯২০ সালের ২৮ জুন চট্টগ্রামে জন্মগ্রহণ করেন। তিনি ১৯৩৯ সালে "বরমা ত্রাহি-মেনকা উচচ বিদ্যালয়" থেকে তিনটি বিষয়ে লেটার সহ প্রথম বিভাগে কৃতিত্বের সাথে প্রবেশিকা পরীক্ষায় উত্তীর্ণ হন এবং ১৯৪১ সালে "চট্টগ্রাম সরকারি কলেজ" থেকে আই এস সি-তে মুসলিম ছাত্রদের মধ্যে প্রথম স্থান অধিকার করেন। পরবর্তীকালে তিনি ১৯৪৪ সালে ঢাকা বিশ্ববিদ্যালয় হতে পদার্থ বিদ্যায় স্নাতক ও ১৯৪৫ সালে স্নাতকোত্তর ডিগ্রী লাভ করেন। তিনি বিখ্যাত গণিতবিদ ও পদার্থবিজ্ঞানী সত্যেন্দ্রনাথ বসুর অধীনে স্নাতকোত্তরের থিসিস করেন।
প্রিন্সিপাল আবুল কাসেম ১৯৪৬ সালে ঢাকা বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ে পদার্থবিজ্ঞান বিভাগে প্রভাষক হিসাবে যোগ দেন। প্রভাষক হিসাবে তিনিই প্রথম ঢাকা বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ে বাংলায় ক্লাস নেন। ১৯৫৩ সাল পর্যন্ত তিনি প্রভাষক পদে ছিলেন।
প্রিন্সিপাল আবুল কাসেম এদেশের সংস্কৃতি ও রাজনৈতিক অঙ্গণে একজন বিরল ব্যক্তিত্ব ৷ ভাষা আন্দোলনের মূল চেতনাকে প্রাতিষ্ঠানিক রূপদানের লক্ষে বাংলা ভাষায় উচ্চ শিক্ষা দানের জন্য তিনি বাঙলা কলেজ প্রতিষ্ঠা করেন ৷ তিনি বাংলায় ৪০টি পাঠ্য পুস্তক রচনা করেন এবং বাংলা একাডেমী, আর্ট কলেজ, ইসলামিক ফাউন্ডেশন, সিটি কলেজসহ প্রায় অর্ধশতাধিক সামাজিক ও সাংস্কৃতিক প্রতিষ্ঠানের সহিত সক্রিয়ভাবে জড়িত ছিলেন ৷ তিনি প্রাদেশিক আইন পরিষদের সদস্য থাকাকালীন ১৯৫৬ সালের ৩০শে সেপ্টেম্বর প্রথম সর্বস্তরে শিক্ষার মাধ্যম হিসেবে ও সরকারি ভাষা হিসেবে বাংলা চালু করার প্রস্তাব উত্থাপন করেন, যা সর্বসম্মতিক্রমে গ্রহীত হয়৷
তমদ্দুন মজলিসের রাষ্ট্রভাষা সাব-কমিটি এবং পরে সর্বদলীয় রাষ্ট্রভাষা সংগ্রাম কমিটি গঠনের মাধ্যমে যে গণতান্ত্রিক আন্দোলনের ধারা সৃষ্টি হয়, তিনি সে আন্দোলনের পথিকৃৎ্ ছিলেন৷ ভাষা আন্দোলনের পথ ধরেই পূর্ব পাকিস্তানে স্বাধিকার ও স্বাধীনতা আন্দোলন বিকাশ লাভ করে। ভাষা আন্দোলনের অগ্রণী সৈনিক প্রিন্সিপ্যাল আবুল কাসেম ছিলেন বাংলা ভাষার জাগ্রত বিবেকতুল্য ৷
একজন প্রতিভাবান লেখক, প্রিন্সিপাল আবুল কাশেম স্নাতকোত্তর ছাত্রদের জন্য এবং শিক্ষা, ইসলাম, সংস্কৃতি ও রাজনীতি বিজ্ঞানের পাঠ্যবই সহ প্রায় ১০০টি বই রচনা করেন। এর মধ্যে ৪০টি পদার্থবিদ্যার পাঠ্যবই এবং কলেজ ও বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের অন্যান্য বিজ্ঞান বিষয় রয়েছে।
তার সুপরিচিত বই কিছু হলো-
জাতীয় স্বীকৃতি হিসাবে তিনি বাংলা কলেজ ছাত্র মজলিস সমিতি পুরস্কার ও রাইর্টাস গিল্ড পুরস্কার (১৯৬৪), বাংলা একাডেমী পুরস্কার (১৯৮২), একুশে পদক (১৯৮৭), স্বাধীনতা দিবস পুরস্কার (১৯৯৩), ইসলামিক ফাউন্ডেশন পুরস্কার ও চট্টগ্রাম সমিতি পদক (১৯৮৮) এবং জাতীয় সংবর্ধনা স্বর্ণপদক (১৯৮৯) লাভ করেন ৷
আবুল কাসেম ১৯৯১ সালের ১১ মার্চ ঢাকায় মৃত্যুবরণ করেন।
Jahangir National University

Jahangir National University is a 2024 Indian Hindi-language political drama film directed by Vinay Sharma and produced by Pratima Datta under the banner of Mahakaal Movies Pvt. Ltd. The film stars Siddharth Bodke and Urvashi Rautela as lead characters.
The film's poster and its tagline "Can one educational university bring down the nation?" have been subject to controversy. It was released in theaters on 21 June 2024. It has been described as a propaganda, and criticised for its editing and screenplay.
The university in the film is fictional but its name is similar to that of Jahangirnagar University (Bangladesh) and evokes above all JNU in Delhi, although whether the film is based on real events related to this institution (JNU 2016 sedition controversy, JNU attack) remains unclear so far.
The film's release had been announced for April, 5 2024 but later postponed. The film was then scheduled to release on 21 June 2024.
Sujay B M, writing for the Deccan Herald, gave this movie a rating of 1/5 and added that the movie relies on "the right-wing perspective" and that "the bad editing and poor screenplay add to the mess".
Abhishek Srivastava, writing for the Times of India, gave it a rating of 2/5 and described the movie as "a drag and tedious experience, lacking depth and soul".
UsefulCharts

UsefulCharts is a chartmaking company founded by Canadian educator and designer Matt Baker. The company produces infographic posters both physically and digitally and has an associated storefront in Vancouver and a YouTube channel.
Matthew James Baker is a Canadian educator and designer who was born in 1975. In a YouTube video, Baker said that he was born into a family who were members of the Worldwide Church of God. He described the church as a cult and has since converted to Progressive Judaism. In 2003, he cofounded Beacon Hill Academy, a non-profit school in Nuwara Eliya, Sri Lanka, where he had previously worked as a teacher. When he moved to Vancouver in 2009, he uploaded around 100 educational charts online covering various topics which earned him money through Google AdSense advertisements on his website. He later began selling physical posters on Amazon.com and was able to rely on income from the UsefulCharts business by 2011.
Baker has a PhD in education, with his dissertation titled "Psychological type and atheism: why some people are more likely than others to give up God."
The company was started by Matthew Baker on February 2, 2018.
The storefront of the company is located at Commercial Drive, Vancouver, where physical posters and books by UsefulCharts are sold. Posters can also be purchased online through its website.
The company has an associated YouTube channel where Baker narrates over videos presenting educational charts. Baker has said the revenue between physical chart sales and the channel is "about 50/50." In a Global News segment covering UsefulCharts, a video detailing the history of Vancouver was highlighted.
Charts designed by the company which have received media attention include:
Books released under the UsefulCharts name include:
Biblical scholar Jacob L. Wright commented on Twitter in 2024 that Baker was "an extraordinary pedagogue" while sharing a video by UsefulCharts on the Twelve Tribes of Israel. Mark Wilson, writing for Fast Company, said Evolution of the Alphabet "beautifully illustrated" the history of the alphabet.
In the text these references are preceded by a double dagger (‡):
Theban alphabet

The Theban alphabet, also known as the witches' alphabet, is a writing system, specifically a substitution cipher of the Latin script, that was used by early modern occultists and is popular in the Wicca movement.
It was first published in Johannes Trithemius's Polygraphia (1518) in which it was attributed to Honorius of Thebes "as Pietro d'Abano testifies in his greater fourth book". However, it is not known to be extant in any of the known writings attributed to D'Abano (1250–1316). Trithemius' student Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa (1486–1535) included it in his De Occulta Philosophia (Book III, chap. 29, 1533). It is also not known to be found in any manuscripts of the writings of Honorius of Thebes (e.g. Liber Iuratus Honorii, translated as The Sworn Book of Honorius), with the exception of the composite manuscript found in London, British Library Manuscript Sloane 3853, which however openly identifies Agrippa as its source.
It is also known as the Honorian alphabet or the Runes of Honorius after the legendary magus (though Theban is dissimilar to the Germanic runic alphabet), or the witches' alphabet due to its use in modern Wicca and other forms of witchcraft as one of many substitution ciphers to hide magical writings such as the contents of a Book of Shadows from prying eyes. The Theban alphabet has not been found in any publications prior to that of Trithemius, and bears little visual resemblance to most other alphabets.
There is one-to-one correspondence between Theban and the letters in the old Latin alphabet. The modern characters J and U are not represented. They are often transliterated using the Theban characters for I and V, respectively. In the original chart by Trithemius, the letter W comes after Z, as it was a recent addition to the Latin alphabet, and did not yet have a standard position. This caused it to be misinterpreted as an ampersand or end-of-sentence mark by later translators and copyists, such as Francis Barrett. Some users of those later charts transliterate W using the Theban characters for VV, parallel to how the English letter developed. Some Theban letter shapes have changed from book to book over time. Theban letters only exist in a single case.
Eric S. Raymond, an American software developer and author, has created a draft proposal for adding the Theban alphabet to the Universal Coded Character Set/Unicode.
N

N, or n, is the fourteenth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages, and others worldwide. Its name in English is en (pronounced /ˈɛn/), plural ens.
One of the most common hieroglyphs, snake, was used in Egyptian writing to stand for a sound like the English ⟨J⟩, because the Egyptian word for "snake" was djet. It is speculated by some, such as archeologist Douglas Petrovich, that Semitic speakers working in Egypt adapted hieroglyphs to create the first alphabet.
Some hold that they used the same snake symbol to represent N, with a great proponent of this theory being Alan Gardiner, because their word for "snake" may have begun with n (an example of a possible word being nahash). However, this theory has become disputed. The name for the letter in the Phoenician, Hebrew, Aramaic, and Arabic alphabets is nun, which means "fish" in some of these languages. This possibly connects the letter to the hieroglyph for a water ripple, which phonetically makes the n sound. The sound value of the letter was /n/—as in Greek, Etruscan, Latin, and modern languages.
In English, ⟨n⟩ usually represents a voiced alveolar nasal /n/, but can represent other nasal consonants due to assimilation. For example, before a velar plosive (as in ink or jungle), ⟨n⟩ represents a voiced velar nasal /ŋ/.
⟨n⟩ is generally silent when it is preceded by an ⟨m⟩ at the end of words, as in hymn; however, it is pronounced in this combination when occurring word medially, as in hymnal. Other consonants are often silent when they precede an ⟨n⟩ at the beginning of an English word. Examples include gnome, knife, mnemonic, and pneumonia.
The letter N is the sixth-most common letter and the second-most commonly used consonant in the English language (after ⟨t⟩).
The letter ⟨n⟩ represents a voiced dental nasal /n̪/ or voiced alveolar nasal /n/ in virtually all languages that use the Latin alphabet. In many languages, these nasal consonants assimilate with the consonant that follows them to produce other nasal consonants.
In Italian and French, ⟨gn⟩ represents a palatal nasal /ɲ/. The Portuguese and Vietnamese spelling for this sound is ⟨nh⟩, while Spanish, Breton, and a few other languages use the letter ⟨ñ⟩.
A common digraph with ⟨n⟩ is ⟨ng⟩, which represents a voiced velar nasal /ŋ/ in a variety of languages.
In the International Phonetic Alphabet, ⟨n⟩ represents the voiced alveolar nasal /n/.
T

T, or t, is the twentieth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is tee (pronounced /ˈtiː/ ), plural tees.
It is derived from the Semitic Taw 𐤕 of the Phoenician and Paleo-Hebrew script (Aramaic and Hebrew Taw ת/𐡕/, Syriac Taw ܬ, and Arabic ت Tāʼ) via the Greek letter τ (tau). In English, it is most commonly used to represent the voiceless alveolar plosive, a sound it also denotes in the International Phonetic Alphabet. It is the most commonly used consonant and the second-most commonly used letter in English-language texts.
Taw was the last letter of the Western Semitic and Hebrew alphabets. The sound value of Semitic Taw, the Greek alphabet Tαυ (Tau), Old Italic and Latin T has remained fairly constant, representing [t] in each of these, and it has also kept its original basic shape in most of these alphabets.
In English, ⟨t⟩ usually denotes the voiceless alveolar plosive (International Phonetic Alphabet and X-SAMPA: /t/), as in tart, tee, or ties, often with aspiration at the beginnings of words or before stressed vowels. The letter ⟨t⟩ corresponds to the affricate /t͡ʃ/ in some words as a result of yod-coalescence (for example, in words ending in -"ture", such as future).
A common digraph is ⟨th⟩, which usually represents a dental fricative, but occasionally represents /t/ (as in Thomas and thyme). The digraph ⟨ti⟩ often corresponds to the sound /ʃ/ (a voiceless palato-alveolar sibilant) word-medially when followed by a vowel, as in nation, ratio, negotiation, and Croatia.
In a few words of modern French origin, the letter T is silent at the end of a word; these include croquet and debut.
In the orthographies of other languages, ⟨t⟩ is often used for /t/, the voiceless dental plosive /t̪/, or similar sounds.
In the International Phonetic Alphabet, ⟨t⟩ denotes the voiceless alveolar plosive.
Dendrocalamus strictus

Dendrocalamus strictus is a bamboo species belonging to the Dendrocalamus genus. The culms (stems) are often solid. Common names include male bamboo, solid bamboo, and Calcutta bamboo.
It is a tall, dull long green-colored bamboo species that grows in thickets consisting of many heavily branched, closely growing culms. It reaches a height of 6–18 m.
Culms are green and covered with white blooms, which become dull green when mature and turn brown on drying. Young shoots are brown in color and covered with white blooms. Culms are straight. Branching occurs from the base to mid-culm. Aerial roots reach up to a few nodes above the ground. Internode length is 20–30 cm, and diameter is 2.5–12 cm. Culm walls are very thick. Nodes are not prominent.
Culm sheaths are green in young, and turn brown when mature, and are cylindrical. The sheath proper is 18–22 cm in length and 10–17 cm wide. Blade length is 3.5–6.5 cm. Auricles are absent. The upper surfaces of the sheath may or may not be covered with brown hairs. The lower surfaces of the sheath are not hairy. Sheaths fall early.
It is widely found across South and Southeast Asia, particularly India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Myanmar, and Thailand. It is also found in Cuba and El Salvador.
They are used for making house frames, rafters, tent poles, concrete reinforcement, walls, scaffolding, and fences. The leaves are used for thatching. Used by the British army in India for making lance shafts.
김홍도 (목회자)

김홍도(金弘燾, 1938년 2월 6일 ~ 2020년 9월 2일)는 대한민국의 개신교 목사로 기독교대한감리회 소속이며, 호는 정암(晶岩)이다. 1971년부터 금란교회 담임목사로, 2008년부터 금란교회 소속 원로목사로 사역하였다.
1938년 2월 6일 평안남도 양덕군에서 부친 김상혁과 모친 이숙녀의 8남매 중 둘째 아들로 태어났다.
어린 시절을 평안남도에서 보내던 중 광복절을 맞이하였으나, 이후 38선 이북의 공산주의 사상 유입은 김홍도에게도 영향을 주었다. 당시 38선 이북의 공산주의자들과 공산당 등 공산주의 단체는 38선 이북에서 기독교를 박멸시키기 위해 온갖 방법을 동원하였는데, 그 중 하나가 주일 교회 예배 참석을 할 수 없게 하기 위해 일요일마다 노동 동원 명령을 내리는 것이었다. 이는 학교도 마찬가지였으며, 학교의 학생 역시 교회에 가지 못하도록 하기 위해 여러 가지 이유로 일요일에도 학교에 출석하도록 하였다. 이로 인해 예수를 잘 믿던 김홍도의 또래도 공산당의 압박에 못이겨 신앙을 버려야 했으며, 이를 지키지 않으면 교사로부터 온갖 폭력과 협박을 받아야 했다. 그러한 상황에서도 김홍도는 주일 성수를 해야 한다는 굳건한 다짐으로 한 주도 빠짐없이 교회에 갔다. 이 일로 인하여 어느날 전교생 조회시간에 교사가 김홍도를 단상 위로 불러 숱하게 뺨을 때리고 자아비판을 시키고, '예수를 믿지 않겠다'는 고백을 하라는 강요를 하였지만 목숨을 건 신념으로 자신의 믿음을 굽히지 않았다.
한국 전쟁으로 인한 군산에서의 피난 생활과 서울로 상경하여 중학교에 입학했지만 아버지의 사업 실패로 자신의 동생과 함께 생계를 위한 신문팔이 등의 장사를 하면서 학비를 마련하고, 어머니는 삯바느질로 생계를 이어가야 했다. 하루는 공납금을 못 내 중학교 중간고사 시험을 보지 못하고, 집에 일찍 돌아가야 했을 때 버스비가 없어 걸어서 종로에서 당시 집이 있던 삼선교까지 걸어갔다고 한다.
김홍도의 모친은 상업고등학교를 졸업한 김홍도에게 생계 문제로 인해 취직할 것을 권하였지만 그의 신앙에 대한 강한 집념은 감리교신학대학 입학으로 이어졌다. 1963년 감리교신학대학 졸업 후, 같은해 3월 가평군 상천교회의 담임 전도사로 부임하였다. 당시의 상천교회 건물은 초가집으로 되어 있어 비가 오면 빗물이 샐 만큰 열악한 환경이었으며, 교역자 생활비, 양말 마련을 못해주는 곳이라면서 모친이 극구 말렸지만 김홍도의 목회에 대한 열정은 누구도 막을 수 없었다.
1966년 상천교회에서 결혼식을 올렸으며, 1967년 광희문교회 부담임으로 부임하였다. 이후 목사안수를 받았다.
1971년 3월 서울특별시 망우동의 금란교회 담임목사에 부임되었으며, 당시 금란교회 건물은 24평에 교인 수는 약 75명이었다. 그는 '이곳은 감리교회 중 제일 큰 교회가 될 것'이라는 큰 비전을 가지고 2008년까지 담임목사로 사역하였으며, 은퇴와 동시에 원로목사로 추대되었다.
2008년에는 18대 대통령 선거 때 특정후보를 지지한 혐의로 유죄를 선고 받아 벌금을 물었으며, 6월 5일 서울특별시 연지동 한국기독교 100주년 기념관 소강당에서 열린 기도회에서 "경찰, 검찰, 기무사, 국정원을 동원해 대공 분야를 강화시켜서 빨갱이들을 잡아들여라. 그러면 그 사람들(촛불시위 하는 사람들)이 쑥 들어가고 국민들 지지율이 다시 올라온다", "나처럼 이명박 대통령을 사랑하는 사람이 있겠나. 당신을 밀어준 사람이 우파지 좌파가 아니다", "왜 MBC, KBS 저러는데 가만히 있느냐. 빨갱이 잡아들이면 쑥 들어가버린다. 눈치보니까 더 기승을 부리는 것 아닌가"라고 주장했다. 또한 자신의 아들을 후계 담임목사로 추대해 세습 논란에 휘말리기도 했다. 2009년 7월에는 "미디어법이 통과되도록 기도해야 한다"고 말해 논란이 되고 있다. 김 목사는 7월 5일 설교에서 "미디어법이 통과돼서 사탄의 큰 입과 혀를 잘라버려야 선교의 마지막 주자로서 한국교회가 사명을 다하게 될 것"이라며 "이 영적 싸움에서 승리하도록 온 교회가 목숨 걸고 기도해야 한다"고 말했다. 2011년 7월에는 "대학 등록금이 없어 자살하는 16명에 불과했다"며 "한 해 만 몇 천 명이 자살하는데 그 정도면 많은 숫자가 아니다"라는 발언으로 구설수에 올랐다.
2008년 4월 24일 주일예배 중 설교를 하면서 이명박 당시 대선후보의 지지를 유도하는 발언을 한 혐의로 벌금 200만원 벌금형을 선고받았으며, 2011년 10월 23일에는 금란교회 대예배때 박원순 무소속 후보를 비방하는 발언으로 공직선거법위반 협의로 기소됐고, 2012년 5월 30일에 300만원 벌금형을 선고받았다.
2011년 7월 19일 사단법인 한국미래포럼이 주최한 '평창 동계올림픽 유치 감사 및 국가와 민족을 위한 기도회'에서 김홍도 목사는 '김 모 교수가 대학등록금으로 인한 자살자가 한해 2백명 내지 3백명이라고 말하는데 자세히 조사했더니 16명에 불과했다"며 "한 해 만 몇 천명 자살에서 16명은 많은 숫자가 아니"라고 발언했다.
김홍도 필 풍속도 화첩

김홍도 필 풍속도 화첩(金弘道 筆 風俗圖 畵帖)은 조선후기 화가 단원 김홍도의 대표적인 풍속화첩이다. 국립중앙박물관의 기록에 의하면 이 화첩은 1918년 조한준에게 구입했을 당시 모두 27점이었으나 1957년 원 화첩의 마지막에 있었던 군선도 2점이 별도의 족자로 꾸며지면서 풍속도 25점만이 새로운 화첩으로 꾸며졌다.
이 화첩에는 〈글방〉·〈밭갈이〉·〈활쏘기〉·〈씨름〉·〈행상〉·〈무동〉·〈기와이기〉·〈대장간〉·〈나늘이〉·〈시주〉·〈나루터〉·〈주막〉·〈고누놀이〉·〈빨래터〉·〈우물가〉·〈담배썰기〉·〈자리짜기〉·〈벼타작〉·〈그림감상〉·〈길쌈〉·〈말징박기〉·〈고기잡이〉·〈신행길〉·〈점심〉·〈장터길〉 등 당시 풍속에 대한 다양한 관심과 예리한 관찰이 돋보이는 작품들이 실려있다.
대부분의 작품에서 보여지는 완전히 생략 처리된 배경은 감상자로 하여금 등장 인물들의 표정과 동작 하나하나에 보다 집중하게 함으로써, 각각의 주제를 군더더기 없이 간명히 드러나게 한다. 이렇게 배경이 생략된 화면에서도 작가는 인물들 사이의 적절한 공간배치를 통해 충분한 공간감을 만들어 내고 있다. 서민들의 소박한 생활상을 표현하기에 알맞은 다소 투박한 필선은 등장인물들의 옷 주름에서 특징적으로 드러나 있고, 간략한 몇 번의 붓질만으로 그려진 인물들의 표정은 각자의 개성을 잘 드러내면서도 전반적으로 밝고 해학적인 분위기를 띠고 있다. 필치와 짜임새 있는 구성력으로 볼 때, 이 화첩은 김홍도의 40대 무렵 작품으로 추정되고 있으며 이 같은 풍속화풍은 화원(畫員)들의 정형을 이루면서 김득신(金得臣)·김양기(金良驥)·김후신(金厚臣) 등의 후대 화가들에게도 많은 영향을 미쳤던 것으로 생각된다.
원래 서민을 소재로 한 풍속화는 왕실과 사대부의 입장과 취향에서 그려지던 것으로 교화나 구휼의 대상으로 제작되었다.
그러던 것이 18세기 후반에 이르면 형사적(形似的) 전신론(傳神論)에 따른 창작태도의 변화와 실제적 체험을 통해 나타내는 사실적이고 현세적인 취향의 풍속화들이 그려지게 된 것이다. 건강하고 힘차며 익살스럽게 표현된 등장인물들과 각 계층의 생업장면, 놀이장면 등 서민생활의 이모저모가 생동감 넘치게 처리된 이들 작품은 18세기 후반의 변화된 창작경향 속에서 탄생될 수 있었다.
단원풍속도첩은 작가 김홍도의 예리한 시각에서 포착된 당시 서민들의 소박한 일상 생활을 꾸밈없이 표현한 작품으로 평가되고 있다. 그러나 이 화첩 수록된 일부 작품에 대해서는 진위문제가 제기되어 있어 좀 더 세밀한 분석 연구가 요망된다.
본 문서에는 서울특별시에서 지식공유 프로젝트를 통해 퍼블릭 도메인으로 공개한 저작물을 기초로 작성된 내용이 포함되어 있습니다.
김홍도 필 군선도 병풍

김홍도 필 군선도 병풍(金弘道 筆 群仙圖 屛風)은 조선 후기 화가인 단원 김홍도가 1776년에 그린 도석인물화이다. 도석인물화란 불교나 도교에 관계된 초자연적인 인물상을 표현한 그림이다. 1971년 12월 21일 대한민국의 국보 제139호로 지정되었다.
조선 후기 화가인 단원 김홍도(1745∼?)가 그린 도석인물화이다. 도석인물화란 불교나 도교에 관계된 초자연적인 인물상을 표현한 그림이다.
이 그림은 원래는 8폭의 연결된 병풍그림이었으나 지금은 8폭이 3개의 족자로 분리되어 있다. 이 그림은 모두 연결한 상태에서 가로 575.8cm, 세로 132.8cm의 크기이며, 그것이 분리된 3개의 족자는 가로 48.8cm, 세로 28cm 내외이다. 종이 바탕에 먹을 주로 사용하고 청색, 갈색, 주홍색 등을 곁들여 채색하였다. 여기서 묘사된 신선들의 명칭을 단정할 수는 없지만 오른쪽에 외뿔소를 타고 도덕경을 들고 있는 노자를 선두로 복숭아를 든 동방삭 등의 신선들과 동자들이 모두 3무리로 나뉘어 있다. 인물들의 시선과 옷자락이 모두 왼쪽을 향하고 있고 그 방향으로 갈수록 인물의 수를 점차 줄어들게 하여 화면의 전개와 보는 이의 시선을 자연스럽게 유도하고 있다. 인물의 윤곽을 굵은 먹선으로 빠르고 활달하게 묘사한 뒤 얼굴과 손, 물건들은 가는 붓으로 섬세하게 처리하여 인물들의 표정을 살렸다.
아무런 배경 없이 인물을 나열한 구성과 감정이 살아 있는 듯한 인물들의 묘사, 그리고 얼굴의 둥근 눈매 등은 그의 풍속인물화에서 많이 볼 수 있는 특징이다. 비록 화본에 따라 그렸으나 호방한 필치로 독특한 인물묘사를 한 작품이다. 이러한 그의 화풍은 후에 김득신, 이명기 등으로 이어져 조선 후기 신선도에 많은 영향을 주었다.
신윤복

신윤복(申潤福, 1758년 ~ 1814년경)은 조선 후기의 관료이자 화가로서, 산수화와 풍속화를 잘 그렸다. 또한 양반 관료들의 이중성과 위선을 풍자한 그림, 여성들의 생활상을 그린 그림을 남기기도 했다. 출생지는 미상.
화공 가문 출신으로 화원 신한평의 아들이며, 그 역시 도화서 화원으로 종삼품 서반 무관(武官)인 첨절제사를 지냈다. 본관은 고령, 자는 입부(笠父), 덕여(德如)이고, 아명(兒名)은 신가권(申可權), 호는 혜원(蕙園)이다. 대표작은 미인도(美人圖)·단오도(端午圖) 등이 있다. 그는 조선 전기 시대의 문신 겸 학자였던 신말주의 후손이고, 일제강점기의 역사학자인 단재 신채호의 8대 방조가 된다.
신윤복은 영조 34년(1758년)에 아버지 신한평과 어머니 홍천 피씨의 장남으로 태어났으며, 정확한 생일은 전하지 않는다. 어렸을 적의 이름은 가권(可權)이며 뒤에 윤복으로 개명하였는데, 그의 본명이 가권(可權)으로 밝혀진 것은 그가 그린 유명한 미인도(간송미술관 소장)에서 신가권이라는 도서가 찍힌 데서 기인한 것이었다. 아래로 남동생 신윤도(윤수)와 여동생이 1명 더 태어났다.
신윤복은 신숙주의 방계 후손으로, 암헌공 신장(申檣)의 다섯째 귀래정 신말주의 손자였던 신공섭의 다섯째 아들인 신수진의 7세손이었다. 그러나 신수진이 서자였기에, 그의 후손들은 중인(中人)의 신분으로 낮아져 수십 명의 역관과 율관, 운관으로 활동했고, 신세담ㆍ신일흥ㆍ아버지 신한평 같은 화원들이 나왔다. 그의 가계도 20세기 이후에야 몇몇 문헌을 통해 알려졌는데, 이는 그가 서자의 후손이라서 족보에서 생략되어왔기 때문이다.
그의 종조부 신일흥과 종증조부 신세담은 도화서의 화원이었으며, 아버지 신한평도 도화서의 화원으로 영조의 어진을 두 번이나 그릴만큼 실력을 인정받았다. 그러나 정조 초기에 와서 그가 그린 그림 중 한 그림이 알아볼수 없다 하여 관료들의 탄핵을 받고 유배되기도 했으며, 관직은 첨절제사(僉節制使)를 지냈고, 산수·인물·초상·화훼를 잘 그렸다.
아버지 신한평의 영향을 받은 신윤복도 도화서의 관원이 되는데 관직은 첨정과 첨절제사에 이르렀다. 인물화와 풍경화 외에도 많은 양의 풍속화를 남겼는데, 그 중에는 양반의 위선적인 태도와 이중 잣대를 풍자하고 부녀자들의 자유 연애와 애환을 묘사했으며 해학이 담긴 내용을 그림으로 표현하기도 했다.
그러나 1800년 정조 사후 자유분방한 분위기가 사라지면서 그의 작품활동도 쇠퇴기에 접어든다. 그가 남긴 작품은 1813년의 작품까지 전해지는데, 대략 1813년 이후에 사망했을 것으로 추정되고 있을 뿐, 정확한 사망일과 사망지는 알려져 있지 않다.
주요 작품으로는 《혜원전신첩(蕙園傳神帖)》, 《미인도(美人圖)》 등이 있다. 주로 남녀간의 사랑이나 여성의 아름다움을 주제로 그림을 많이 그렸다. 화려한 색을 사용하여 기생이나 무당의 그림을 즐겨 그렸으며, 시골 주막의 서민적인 풍속 또한 날카로운 화필로 잘 그려냈다. 이러한 그림들은 양반 사회에 대한 풍자로 여겨지기도 한다.
《신윤복필 풍속도 화첩》에는 〈단오도(端午圖)〉, 〈연당(蓮塘)의 여인(女人)〉, 〈무무도(巫舞圖)〉, 〈산궁수진(山窮水盡)〉, 〈선유도(船遊圖)〉 등이 있고, 《미인도》와 《풍속화첩》은 간송미술관에 소장되어 있다.
화원으로서 벼슬은 첨정(僉正)에 올랐다.
단원 김홍도, 긍재 김득신, 오원 장승업과 더불어 조선 4대 풍속화가로 손꼽힌다. 주로 풍속화를 그렸으며, 산수화와 영모화(翎毛畵, 새나 짐승을 그린 그림)에도 뛰어났으며, 춘화 작품도 남아 있다. 신윤복의 풍속화 등은 소재 선정부터, 구성, 인물들의 표현 방법과 설채법 등에서 김홍도와는 큰 차이를 보인다. 신윤복은 남녀간의 정취와 낭만적인 분위기를 효과적으로 나타내기 위해서, 섬세하고 유려한 필선과 아름다운 채색을 즐겨 사용하여 그의 풍속화들은 매우 세련된 감각과 분위기를 지니고 있다. 또한 인물화에 있어서는 사람의 머리카락 하나까지 세밀하게 그려내기도 했다.
또한 그는 중국과 서양 상인을 통해 들어온 안료들을 이용하여 붉은 색, 파란 색, 노란 색 등 그림에 다양한 색채를 입히기도 했다. 다양한 색채를 사용하던 첫 화가들 중의 한사람으로 기억된다.
시정 촌락의 풍속도 중에서도 기녀(妓女)·무속(巫俗)·주점의 색정적인 면을 많이 그린 풍속화가로서 현실 묘사에 치중하고 있다. 이는 유교주의 사회에 대한 예술 면에서의 항의였고, 인간주의의 표방이라는 평가도 있다.
신윤복의 풍속화들은 배경을 통해서 당시의 살림과 복식 등을 사실적으로 보여주는 등, 조선 후기의 생활상과 멋을 생생하게 전해준다. 신윤복의 대부분의 작품들에는 짧은 찬문과 함께 관지와 도인이 곁들여져 있지만, 한결같이 연대와 시기를 밝히고 있지 않아 그의 화풍의 변천 과정을 파악하기는 힘들다. 그의 작품 중 최후의 작품이 전하는 연대는 1813년으로, 그가 이 시기까지 그림을 그렸다는 것 정도만 알려져 있다. 신윤복은 풍속화를 통해 시대를 고발하거나 비판하기 보다 현실을 긍정하고 낭만적인 풍류와 해학을 강조하는 화가였다.
이정명의 바람의 화원을 원작으로 한 SBS 드라마 《바람의 화원》과 영화 《미인도》에서는 신윤복을 여자로 설정하기도 했다. 이 설정은 역사를 왜곡하고 있다는 점에서 한국 미술사학계의 비판을 받았다. 드라마 《바람의 화원》의 경우, 그림을 그린 나이에 대한 문제점도 지적되었다.
유교적 도덕관념이 강했던 시기에 양반들을 풍자하였으면서도 자신의 실명과 낙관을 밝히는 파격적이고 대담한 태도를 보이기도 했다. 그러나 처벌받지 않았고, 그는 자유분방한 예술세계를 구사할 수 있었다.
TV조선

TV조선(TV CHOSUN)은 유료 플랫폼으로 방송하는 대한민국의 종합편성채널이다.
2009년 7월 22일 방송법 개정안이 국회를 통과함으로써 종합편성채널 탄생기반이 생겨났다. 2010년 12월 31일 종합편성 방송채널사업자(당시 CSTV)로 선정되어 활동을 시작하였다. 2011년 1월 28일 조선일보의 조선을 따서 CSTV 법인 설립했으며, 5월 27일에 법인명을 CSTV에서 조선방송으로 변경하였다. 12월 1일에 종편 4사 동시에 개국하였다. 개국부터 2018년까지 시청률이 낮았으며, 2018년부터 서혜진 PD 후임으로 관찰 버라이어티 〈아내의 맛〉과 〈연애의 맛〉등 이어졌다. 트로트에 관한 여러 프로그램의 〈미스트롯(여성)〉, 〈미스터트롯(남성)〉, 〈사랑의 콜센타〉, 〈화요일은 밤이 좋아〉, 〈미스터로또〉 등의 영향으로 시청률이 크게 높았다. 2018년 8월에 로고표시를 한글로 쓴 TV조선에서 영어로 쓴 TV CHOSUN로 변경하였다. 2023년 개최, 2022 항저우 아시안게임에서 주관 방송사로 종합편성채널의 최초이다. 2022년부터 대한민국 축구 국가대표팀의 경기를 생중계하며, 2024년 대한축구협회와 대한민국 축구 국가대표팀 중계권 10년 계약에 따라 2034년까지 생중계한다. (대한민국 여자 축구 국가대표팀 경기, 코리아컵 결승전 등 KFA가 주관하는 모든 중계권리도 포함된다.)
캐스터
해설 위원
2011년 12월 1일부터 슬로건과 함께 CI를 공개했다. CI는 무지개의 다채로운 색상을 모티브로 했다. 이는 특정한 색, 편협한 시각에 얽매이지 않는 창조성과 다양성을 상징한다고 밝혔다. 영문 사명을 기존에 쓰였던 TV조선 대신 모두 대문자인 TV조선로 사용한다고도 밝혔다. 다만 로고는 소문자를 사용한다.
Kim Hong-do

Kim Hong-do (Korean: 김홍도, 1745–c. 1806 to 1814) was a Korean painter during the Joseon dynasty. He is mostly remembered for his depictions of the everyday life of ordinary people, in a manner analogous to painters of the Dutch Golden Age. He was also widely known by his art name Danwon (단원).
Active during the reign of King Yeongjo and King Jeongjo, he made a profound change in Joseon painting style. By boldly introducing Western painting methods that appeared to have been learned through the Qing Dynasty, he introduced a technique that revealed perspective through jokes and contrasts of colors.
Kim was a member of the Gimhae Kim clan. He grew up in present-day Ansan, South Korea. At the age of 7, Kim Hong-do studied under the renowned master Pyoam Kang Se-hwang, who was then living in seclusion in Ansan. In 1766, at the age of 21, on the recommendation of Kang Sehwang, he entered the royal service as a member (hwawon) of the Dohwaseo, the official painters of the Joseon court. In 1771, he painted the portrait of the Royal Heir (the future King Jeongjo). In 1773, he assisted Byeon Sang-byeok when painting the Royal Portrait of King Yeongjo (1694–1724–1776).
In 1776, he painted the "Nineteen Taoist Immortals", that skyrocketed his reputation as a painter. At the same time, the new instated King Jeongjo (1752–1776–1800) commissioned him for many institutional paintings.
He died in loneliness and poverty, though the circumstances, and even the year are unknown. Depending on the source, some state that he died in 1806, 1810, or after 1814.
Kim is remembered today as one of the "Three Wons," together with Hyewon and Owon. He is also often joined to Owon and the 15th-century painter An Gyeon as one of Joseon's three greatest painters.
The city of Ansan, where he spent his youth and learned his craft, has memorialized him in many ways. The district of Danwon-gu is named after him, as is Ansan's annual "Danwon Art Festival." Many public places have been designed in imitation of his works.
Various sources have various opinions about what could be a 'top ten' list for Kim Hong-do. The most important fact is how successful was Kim Hong-do in all the various types of paintings.
Towooart provides a short notice and an argumented selection of paintings. The Korean Copyright Commission lists 757 paintings, 7 calligraphies and 4 moldings for Kim Hong-do. Some paintings have multiple descriptions: often a sepia version is given with a very fine resolution, and a colorful one with a lower resolution. An example is "Feast for the Pyongyang Governor" (평양감사 향안도).
The novel Painter of the Wind, by Lee Jung-myung, is centered on Gim and Sin Yun-bok, who is portrayed as a woman disguised as a man.
Kim Do-hoon (actor)

Kim Do-hoon (Korean: 김도훈; born September 15, 1998) is a South Korean actor. He is best known for his role in Moving (2023), Today's Webtoon (2023), and The Escape of the Seven (2023).
After graduating from Kaywom Arts High School, Kim enrolled in Chung-Ang University's Department of Theater and Film.
Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children

The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), also known as Children of the 90s and formerly the Avon Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood, is a cohort study of children born in the former county of Avon, England during 1991 and 1992. It is used by researchers in health, education and other social science disciplines.
The study is hosted at the University of Bristol and was initially led by Jean Golding, then George Davey Smith.
The initial recruits were 15,247 pregnant women with estimated dates of delivery between April 1991 and December 1992. Since then the fathers, siblings and children of the participants have also begun to be studied and the study has launched Children of the Children of the 90s as a new generation is born.
It is one of a family of similar studies that were set up at around the same time in six countries across Europe, known as the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood (ELSPAC). ELSPAC included studies in Czechoslovakia and the Isle of Man, in addition to ALSPAC.
In the study, 2.5% of 4,000 people born in 1991 and 1992 were found by ultrasound scanning at the age of 18 to have non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; five years later transient elastography (fibroscan) found over 20% to have the fatty deposits on the liver of steatosis, indicating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; half of those were classified as severe. The scans also found that 2.4% had the liver scarring of fibrosis, which can lead to cirrhosis.
Families and Children Study

The Families and Children Study (FACS) is a longitudinal study collecting information about families with dependent children in Great Britain, managed by the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP).
Originally, the FACS was known as the Survey of Low Income Families (SOLIF) which was set up in 1999 as a new survey for Britain’s lone parent families and low-income couples with dependent children. Six annual waves have been completed so far. From the third wave in 2001 onwards, the survey was renamed FACS and was extended to high-income families in order to represent a complete sample of British families.
Topics covered in the FACS so far have been, for example, health and well-being, behaviour and childcare provision, use of local services, education and training, employment, family income, receipt of benefits and material deprivation. The FACS pursues amongst others the long term objective to eradicate child poverty within a generation within the Government’s Public Service Agreement. Other objectives include the evaluation of the Government’s work incentive measures, to compare living standards of families across Great Britain and across the income distribution, and to observe changes in the above.
The study is carried out by the National Centre for Social Research (NatCen) on behalf of the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP). Other sponsors are the Department for Children, Schools and Families (DCSF) and the Department for Transport (DfT).
The main methods of data collection are face-to-face interviews as well as self-completion questionnaires. The mother is the main respondent but partners are interviewed, too, and in certain waves children aged 11 to 15 are also given questionnaires.
The sample includes about 7,000 families per wave and the FACS has effectively become a “true panel” with 1999 respondents being re-interviewed in the subsequent waves between 2000 and 2004. Additionally, new families have been included each year to increase the sample size and to allow representative cross-section as well as longitudinal comparison.
A list of publications that have used the FACS is available from the Economic and Social Data Service website.
The data and additional study information are available on the Economic and Social Data Service (ESDS) website . Users will have to register in order to access the download section.
Ainu genre painting

Ainu genre painting (アイヌ風俗画, Ainu-fuzokuga) or (アイヌ絵 Ainu-e) is the Japanese art historical term for depictions of Ainu by Wajin, prevalent from the mid-Edo period to the early Meiji period (eighteenth and nineteenth centuries). The preliterate Ainu had no painting tradition of their own.
Typical subjects include myths and legends, rituals, encounters with wajin, hunting, fishing, and forms of entertainment. Artists active in the genre include Chishima Shunri (千島春里), Hayasaka Bunrei (早坂文嶺), Hirasawa Byōzan (平沢屏山), Kakizaki Hakyō, Kodama Teiryō (小玉貞良), Matsuura Takeshirō (松浦武四郎) Murakami Shimanojō (村上島之允), Murakami Teisuke (村上貞助), and Tani Gentan (谷元旦).
Christopher Stephen Ekpenyong

Christopher Stephen Obong Ekpenyong (Listeni; amụrụ na 29 Septemba 1954) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Naijiria na onye bụbu osote gọvanọ nke Akwa Ibom Steeti . họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye omeiwu Naịjirịa n'afọ 2019 ka ọ nọchite anya Akwa Ibom North-West Senatorial District.
'abalị iri na itoolu n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2019, nwunye ya, Grace Ekpenyong, nwụrụ.
N'afọ 1960, ọ gara St. Patrick's Primary School, Ikot Ukana tupu ọ gaa St. Michael's Primory School, Rumuomasi, Port Harcourt ebe ọ nwetara asambodo mbụ ya (FSLC). N'afọ 1970, ọ gara Government Technical College, Port Harcourt na 1975, ọ gara Federal Government Technical University, Yaba. N'afọ 1977, ọ gara Federal Polytechnic, Bida wee nweta Ordinary National Diploma na Electrical / Electronic Engineering. N'afọ 1980, Ekpenyong gara Polytechnic Calabar maka diplọma mba dị elu na injinia eletrik na eletrọniki ma gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1982.
N'afọ 1993, ọ gara Mahadum Kensington, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States wee nweta nzere na Master of Business Administration (Marketing) n'afọ 1995. nwetara Doctor of Philosophy ya n'otu ụlọ ọrụ ahụ.
Ekpenyong bụ osote gọvanọ n'ọchịchị Gọvanọ Victor Attah site na 1999 ruo 2005.
N'afọ 2005, o mere akụkọ ihe mere eme na Naijiria: a chụpụrụ ya dị ka osote gọvanọ nke Akwa Ibom steeti mana e weghachiri ya ngwa ngwa n'ọkwa ahụ n'ihe na-erughị ụbọchị asaa. otu ụlọ omebe iwu steeti gbanwere impeachment mgbe onye isi ala Olusegun Obasanjo batara, ọ bụ ezie na a manyere Ekpenyong ịgba arụkwaghịm mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị.
N'afọ 2019, a họpụtara ya dị ka onye omeiwu na-anọchite anya Akwa Ibom North West Senatorial District n'okpuru ikpo okwu nke Peoples Democratic Party na-emeri onye iro ya kacha nso, Godswill Akpabio nke All Progressive Congress. O nwetara vootu 118,215 megide 83,158 maka Godswill Akpabio. ọrụ ntuli aka nke Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) bụ Peter Ogban kwupụtara na ọ bụ onye mmeri.
Nọvemba 9, 2019; ụlọ ikpe mkpegharị ikpe na Calabar, Cross Rivers State, nyere iwu ka a mee ntuli aka ndị omeiwu na Essien Udim Local Government Area na Akwa Ibom State.
Maka ntuli aka Akwa Ibom North-West Senatorial District, onye na-azọ ọkwa PDP, Chris Ekpenyong, nwetara vootu 134,717 iji merie onye bụbu onye omeiwu, Godswill Akpabio, onye nwere vootu 83,820, dịka nsonaazụ nke INEC wepụtara n'ụtụtụ Sọnde
Chonchon

Chonchon (Spanish: chonchón si Mapudungun: chonchon), nke a makwaara dị ka Tue-Tué, bụ ihe e kere eke dị n'akụkọ ifo a na-ahụ n'okpukpe Mapuche, yana n'akụkọ ifo ndị Chile na ndịda Argentina.
Dị ka akụkọ ifo ndị Mapuche si kwuo, isi na-efe efe bụ nsonaazụ nke onye, na-abụkarị nwanyị, na-abanye na nkwekọrịta ya na onye dibịa afa ma ọ bụ brujo; n'ihi ya, isi ya na-apụ n'abalị ma na-apụta nku, nke mere na chonchón na-efe. Ọ na-eme ụda abalị yiri ụda nnụnụ. A na-eche na e nwere ebe nzuzo dị n'okpuru ala a na-akpọ reni, ebe ọ ga-efega isonyere òtù ya iji mee amoosu ma ọ bụ nwee obi ụtọ na mmemme ahụ. A na-ekwu na e nwere akụkọ banyere ndị di na-eteta n'abalị ma hụ na isi ndị nwunye ha efuola.
A na-ekwu na kalku (ma ọ bụ calcu, nke dị na machi amoosu[3])}} ma ọ bụ ajọ machi) bụ onye ya na mmụọ ọjọọ (wekufe) na-emekọrịta ihe, nweekwa ndị ohu dị iche iche ga-eme ihe ọ chọrọ, gụnyere chon-chon, nke nwere ike ịbụ nnụnụ ọjọọ, ma ọ bụ isi kalku ọ na-emegharị.
N'ụzọ dị otú a, onye dibịa afa n'onwe ya nwere ike ịgbanwe n'ime isi na-efe efe. Ọ bụ naanị kalkus kachasị ike ka a na-ekwu na ha nwere ihe ọmụma iji mee mgbanwe ahụ. Iji bụrụ chonchon, calculator na-agafe mgbanwe afọ ofufo site na ite mmanụ na mmiri ara ehi n'olu. Creme a na-enye ohere iwepụ isi n'ahụ, na isi a na-ewepụ na-aghọ chonchon.
chonchon na-ewere ọdịdị nke isi mmadụ nke e ji ábụ́bà na mkpịsị ụkwụ chọọ mma. Nnukwu ntị ya na-adịghị ahụkebe na-arụ ọrụ dị ka nku, na-enyere ya aka ife n'abalị ndị na-enweghị ọnwa. Ekwenyere na chonchons nwere ike anwansi niile nke calculator ma ọ bụ naanị ndị dibịa afa ndị ọzọ ma ọ bụ ndị mmadụ na-achọ ike dị otú ahụ nwere ike ịhụ ha. Ndị dibịa afa na-ewere ụdị chonchon iji tinye aka n'ọrụ ọjọọ ha, mgbanwe a na-enyekwa ha ikike ndị ọzọ, gụnyere ikike ịṅụ ọbara nke ndị ọrịa ma ọ bụ ihi ụra.
Ọ bụ ezie na ọdịdị dị egwu nke chonchon na-anọgide na-adịghị ahụ anya nye ndị na-amaghị ihe, ha ka nwere ike ịnụ mkpu ya pụrụ iche nke "tue tue tue." A na-ewere mkpu a dị ka ihe egwu dị egwu ma na-ebukarị amụma ọnwụ na-abịanụ nke onye a hụrụ n'anya.
Ụmụanụmanụ Bi n’Ọhịa Mbà Chaịna

Ụmụanụmanụ dị ichè ichè a na-ahụ n’ọhịa mbà Chaịna dị ka aja n’ọnụọgụgụ. Dịka otù n’ime mbà ụwa iri na asaa a kpọrọ megadiverse countries a maara ka mbà nwere igurube ihe dị ichè ichè, mbà Chaịna nwere ụdị anụmanụ dị puku asaa, narị ise na iri na isii (7,516) nwere ọkpụkpụ n’etiti azụ, nke a na-akpọ “vertebrates” n’asụsụ Bekee. Ụmụanụmanụ ndị a nwere ọkpụkpụ n’etiti azụ gụnyere azụ̀ dị ụdị anọ (4), nnụnụ dị ụdị iri isii na itolu (69), anụmanụ dịka mmadụ - dị ụdị narị ise na iri isii na abụọ (562) – bụ ndị e dere n’ebe a: mammal, ngwere na agwọ na ụmụanụmanụ ndị yiri ha (Bekee kpọrọ repụtaịlị) dị ụdị narị anọ na atọ (403) na awọ̀ na ụmụanụmanụ ndị yiri ya (Bekee kpọrọ amphibian) dị ụdị narị atọ na iri anọ na isii (346). Chaịna bụ mbà nke atọ kacha nwee ụdị ụmụanụmanụ dị ka mmadụ n’ụwa niile. A bịa n'ụdị nnụnụ e nwere n’ụwa, Chaịna bụ mbà nke asatọ kacha nwee ọnụọgụgụ nnụnụ dị ichè ichè. Chaịna nọ n’ọnọdụ nke asaa ma a bịa na mbà ụwa kacha nwee ụdị ngwere, agwọ na ụmụanụmanụ yiri ha, nọrọ kwa n’ọnọdụ nke asaa na mbà ụwa kacha nwee awọ̀ na ụmụanụmanụ dị ichè ichè yiri ya.
Ụdị ụmụanụmanụ bụ na Chaịna ka Chukwu kenyere ha dị ọtụtụ. Ndị Bekee sị na ụmụanụmanụ ndị a dị endemic na mbà Chaịna. Otù n’ime ha bụ jayentị panda (giant panda.), bụ anụmanụ a maara nke ọma na o bi n’ọhịa Chaịna. Otù ụdị n’ime ụdị isii ụmụanụmanụ dị ka mmadụ na ụdị awọ abụọ n’ime ụdị awọ atọ bụ na Chaịna ka Chukwu kenyere ha.
Nihi na Chaịna bụ mbà kacha nwee ọnụọgụgụ mmadụ n’ụwa, ndị ha na ụmụanụmanụ bị n’ohịa na-ekekọrịta ebe obibi nakwa azọ ihe ụkọ nke ndụ dị egwu. Ndị mmadụ na-emebikarị ebe obibi na gburùgburù, na-achọkwa ihe oriri, mgbọrọgwụ na mkpa-akwụkwọ maka ọgwụ omenala (traditional Chinese medicine) n’ebe ọbụla, wee si òtù a na-etinye ihe karịrị narị ụmụanụmanụ asatọ na iri anọ (840) n’izè ndụ maọbụ na-eme ka a ghara ịhụ ha ọzọ n’ụwa. E dere ụdị ụmụanụmanụ ndị a n’ebe a: species are threatened, vulnerable or in danger of local extinction. E nwere iwu na-echekwaba ụmụanụmanụ ndị a nọ n’izè ndụ. N’afọ 2005, ebe e chekwara echekwa na mbà Chaịna dị puku abụọ, narị atọ na iri anọ na itolu (2,349), nke pụtara obosara ala dị Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Convert/data' not found., maọbụ ụzọ iri na ise n’otù narị ala ndị Chaịna
Monty Python's The Meaning of Life (video game)

Monty Python's The Meaning of Life is an adventure game created by 7th Level in 1997 for Windows. The game is based on the 1983 film of the same name and was the third of three Monty Python games created by 7th Level. Notably, it was rated Mature by the ESRB in North America.
Loosely based on the 1983 film of the same name, the title sees the player traverse through the different stages of life while collecting items. The Monty Python Mrs. Particle and Mrs. Velocity comedy sketch audio is included as an unlockable easter egg in the game.
The Meaning of Life was the third in a trilogy of Python games developed by 7th Level, after Monty Python's Complete Waste of Time and Monty Python & the Quest for the Holy Grail. Halfway through developing The Meaning of Life, 7th Level went bankrupt, leading to Take Two Software to take over the financing, development and publication of the title. Due to the hurried completion, the game was released with various bugs. The game went gold on November 4, 1997.
While preparing for the fall launch of the title, Eric Idle also worked on the expansion of PythOnline.
The Los Angeles Times said the game is "heavy on disjointed, psychedelic cartoons".
Destructoid felt the game had "completely nonsensical, illogical, weird-as-hell puzzles". Adventureclassicgaming asserted that it plays more like an adventure game than previous Python titles. Just adventure felt the interface was easy to use.
PC Gamer gave high praise to its sense of humour. Entertainment Weekly wrote that it "subverts multimedia conventions and good taste with equally silly vigor". The AV Vault noted the game's use of dry off-the-wall humour. Monty Python fansite Montypython.net wrote it is "difficult, maddeningly illogical, silly and sure to offend".
Leucism

Leucism (/ˈluːsɪzəm, -kɪz-/) is a wide variety of conditions that result in partial loss of pigmentation in an animal—causing white, pale, or patchy coloration of the skin, hair, feathers, scales, or cuticles, but not the eyes. It is occasionally spelled leukism. Some genetic conditions that result in a "leucistic" appearance include piebaldism, Waardenburg syndrome, vitiligo, Chédiak–Higashi syndrome, flavism, isabellinism, xanthochromism, axanthism, amelanism, and melanophilin mutations. Pale patches of skin, feathers, or fur (often referred to as "depigmentation") can also result from injury.
Leucism is often used to describe the phenotype that results from defects in pigment cell differentiation and/or migration from the neural crest to skin, hair, or feathers during development. This results in either the entire surface (if all pigment cells fail to develop) or patches of body surface (if only a subset are defective) having a lack of cells that can make pigment.
Since all pigment cell-types differentiate from the same multipotent precursor cell-type, leucism can cause the reduction in all types of pigment. This is in contrast to albinism, for which leucism is often mistaken. Albinism results in the reduction of melanin production only, though the melanocyte (or melanophore) is still present. Thus in species that have other pigment cell-types, for example xanthophores, albinos are not entirely white, but instead display a pale yellow color.
More common than a complete absence of pigment cells is localized or incomplete hypopigmentation, resulting in irregular patches of white on an animal that otherwise has normal coloring and patterning. This partial leucism is known as a "pied" or "piebald" effect; and the ratio of white to normal-colured skin can vary considerably not only between generations, but between different offspring from the same parents, and even between members of the same litter. This is notable in horses, cows, cats, dogs, the urban crow and the ball python but is also found in many other species.
Due to the lack of melanin production in both the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) and iris, those affected by albinism sometimes have pink pupil due to the underlying blood vessels showing through. However, this is not always the case and many albino animals do not have pink pupils. The common belief that all albinos have pink pupils results in many albinos being incorrectly labeled as 'leucistic'. The neural crest disorders that cause leucism do not result in pink pupils and therefore most leucistic animals have normally colored eyes. This is because the melanocytes of the RPE do not derive from the neural crest. Instead, an out-pouching of the neural tube generates the optic cup that, in turn, forms the retina. As these cells are from an independent developmental origin, they are typically unaffected by the genetic cause of leucism.
Genes that, when mutated, can cause leucism include c-kit, mitf and EDNRB.
The terms leucistic and leucism are derived from the stem leuc- + -ism, from Latin leuco- in turn derived from Greek leukos meaning white.
Monty Python's The Meaning of Life (album)

Monty Python's The Meaning of Life is the third and final soundtrack album by Monty Python, released in 1983 alongside their last film. Billed as "The only soundtrack album to be introduced by live fish! (apart from some copies of 'Shane')", it consists of sketches and songs from the film, with a few links performed by Michael Palin and a brief appearance from Terry Gilliam.
The album features dialogue which didn't make it into the final cut of the film as well as additional sound effects to help with the audio medium. "The Adventures of Martin Luther" sequence is introduced but does not appear. The sketch itself was excised from the final cut of the film but was eventually reinstated 20 years later for the DVD "Director's Cut", although it did feature in the illustrated script book which accompanied the film's release. The film's songs are included in full, with "Christmas In Heaven" having a longer fade-out than appears in the film.
The original UK vinyl release had the traditional George Peckham messages etched on the runout grooves. The first side read: "GADZOOKS!!! NO TIME LEFT. TURN OVER FOR "THE MEANING OF LIFE" NOW. ALL WILL BE REVEALED", with the second reading "NO FISH ADDITIVES USED WHATSOEVER, SEE COVER FOR FURTHER DETAILS OF PHILOSOPHY LPS". The back cover did indeed contain a short list of spoof philosophy LPs, alongside a similarly comic profile of the Python team members.
In the UK the album was accompanied by a 7" single (A 3495) on 27 June 1983 comprising Galaxy Song/Every Sperm Is Sacred, the latter song containing an extra instrumental section not featured in the film or album version. This was also available as a fish bowl-shaped picture disc.
The 2006 Special Edition includes bonus tracks which included demos, unused song ideas and radio promos.
Al Campbell of AllMusic gave the album three and a half out of five stars and wrote that "Unlike most comedy releases, the soundtrack of Monty Python's The Meaning of Life is an appealing audio souvenir that doesn't get stale after listening to it a few times." noting that "[this is] because of the incredibly catchy and satirical songs from the film, which are all included".
ترمس

ترمس (Lupinus) الاسم العلمى (Lupinus) هوا نوع من انواع النبات بيتبع الاصنوفه الاعلى جنستاوات و Papilionoideae.
لم يتم العثور على روابط لمواقع التواصل الاجتماعي.
الصفحه دى فيها تقاوى مقاله, و انت ممكن تساعد ويكيپيديا مصرى علشان تكبرها.
ترمس ممتلئ

ترمس ممتلئ ( الاسم العلمى: Lupinus onustus ) هوا نوع من النباتات بيتبع ترمس.
الصفحه دى فيها تقاوى مقاله عن نبات. و انت ممكن تساعد ويكيپيديا مصرى علشان تكبرها.
ترمس مرجى

ترمس مرجى ( الاسم العلمى: Lupinus pratensis ) هوا نوع من النباتات بيتبع ترمس.
الصفحه دى فيها تقاوى مقاله عن نبات. و انت ممكن تساعد ويكيپيديا مصرى علشان تكبرها.
ترمس مرتفع

ترمس مرتفع ( الاسم العلمى: Lupinus adsurgens ) هوا نوع من النباتات بيتبع ترمس.
الصفحه دى فيها تقاوى مقاله عن نبات. و انت ممكن تساعد ويكيپيديا مصرى علشان تكبرها.
ترمس طويل

ترمس طويل ( الاسم العلمى: Lupinus elatus ) هوا نوع من النباتات بيتبع ترمس.
الصفحه دى فيها تقاوى مقاله عن نبات. و انت ممكن تساعد ويكيپيديا مصرى علشان تكبرها.
ترمس برتقالى

ترمس برتقالى ( الاسم العلمى: Lupinus citrinus ) هوا نوع من النباتات بيتبع ترمس.
الصفحه دى فيها تقاوى مقاله عن نبات. و انت ممكن تساعد ويكيپيديا مصرى علشان تكبرها.
اسماعيل ياسين فى الجيش (فيلم)

اسماعيل ياسين فى الجيش هو فيلم كوميدى مصرى انتاج سنة 1955، من تأليف ابو السعود الإبيارى و إخراج فطين عبد الوهاب و بطولة اسماعيل يس و سميرة احمد و عبد السلام النابلسى و رياض القصبجى..وده كان اول فيلم بأسم اسماعيل ياسين فى عنوانه.
زكى عباس ابو النواس(اسماعيل ياسين)الشهير بترمس،صبى شيخ حارة الوطواط،يحمل عددا من طلبات الاستدعاء للخدمة العسكرية،كانت الاولى من نصيب عوكل سويلم المنفلوطى(عبد الغنى النجدى)الشهير بعوكل،بائع العرقسوس بالحاره،والثانية من نصيب عم حسين عبد الوهاب(حسن أتله) ساقط القيد صاحب المطعم الشعبى،وزوج الست ام عبده(جمالات زايد) وعم الجميله سميره،التى يحبها ترمس،والتالتة كانت لعبد العزيز شرشوح (عبدالسلام النابلسى)الشهير بزيزو،الكوافير إبن المزين(محمود لطفى). رفض زيزو إستلام الاستدعاء،فأجبره الشاويش عطيه(رياض القصبجى) على استلامها،وقد كان يحلق ذقنه فى دكان شرشوح استعدادا لزيارة عم حسين لخطبة سميره،ومعه تورته هدية،فقام ترمس بإستبدالها بفردة حذاءو ده جعل موقف عطيه سيئا جداً،فتوعد ترمس بالانتقام. و كان الاستدعاء الأخير لزكى عباس ابو النواس،والذى لم يستدل عليه ترمس،ولما سأل أمه(سعاد احمد)،إخبرته انه هو بنفسه. ذهب الجميع لمعسكر الإستقبال تم تنظيفهم،وحلق شعورهم،ليحولوا لمعسكر الفرز،للفحص الطبى،ثم لمعسكر التدريب،حيث كان معلمهم هو بنفسه الشاويش عطيه،الذى حاول الانتقام من ترمس،ومحاباة صهره اللى جاى عم حسين. ولما علم ترمس بأن عم حسين بعت مع عطية خطاب توصية لخطبة سميره،استبدله بخطاب غرامى لسميره كتب ليها فيه انهم زى حلة وغطاها،جزمة وشراب،عربة وحمار،وقرأت سميره الخطاب،ووضعت الرد فى حزام الشاويش عطيه. اعتدى عطيه على ترمس فتم نقله لمعسكر آخر،ولما أنهى المجندون فترة تدريبهم،تم توزيعهم على المعسكرات،فكان نصيبهم العمل مع قائد الصف الشاويش عطيه،ليدور صراع آخر للفوز بقلب سميره. حدد حسين موعدا لخطبة سميره من الشاويش عطيه،فإستنجدت سميره بترمس وقت وجوده فى الخدمة،فلم يستطع الرد عليها،مما جعلها تغضب،وتوافق على الخطبة لعطية،ولما ذهب ترمس الخطوبة،قام عطيه بإصدار أوامر ظبط وربط لترمس امام المدنيين،مما عرض عطيه للعقاب وعزله لرتبة نفر،وترقية ترمس لرتبة مساعد أومباشى بشريط،مكافأة لإطاعته الأوامر،وتم فسخ الخطوبة. لكن عم حسين حدد جوز سميره بمن يكسب فى ماتش المصارعة بين عطيه وترمس،وفاز ترمس بالبطولة وبقلب سميره.
ترمس متقارب

ترمس متقارب ( الاسم العلمى: Lupinus affinis ) هوا نوع من النباتات بيتبع ترمس.
الصفحه دى فيها تقاوى مقاله عن نبات. و انت ممكن تساعد ويكيپيديا مصرى علشان تكبرها.