davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Ruben Onsu

Ruben Samuel Onsu (lahir 15 Agustus 1983) adalah pemeran, penyanyi, pengusaha, komedian dan presenter berkebangsaan Indonesia.
Pada tahun 1998 Ruben tergabung dalam acara Lenong Bocah
Ia memandu acara Supersoulmate Show bersama Eko Patrio dan Ivan Gunawan, Kiss di Indosiar, Weekend Seru bersama Ocha dan Cari-Cari Pacar bersama Nico di Global TV. Bersama Adul di Trans7 ia memandu acara Belum Cukup Gede, dan di Trans TV untuk Happy Family dan Brownis (Obrowlan Manis).
Selain menjadi pembawa acara, Ruben juga memiliki restoran Geprek Bensu dan Big Ben Kopi Restoran Geprek Bensu sendiri sudah mempunyai cabang diseluruh Indonesia, sedangkan Big Ben Kopi sudah mempunyai 3 cabang.
Ruben sempat dikabarkan akan menikah pada bulan Agustus 2008, dengan juga menjadi host dalam acara Supermama Selebconcert yang pernah diikuti Sheza Idris dan mamanya. Namun jalinan cinta tersebut kandas di tengah jalan.
Pada tanggal 11 Agustus 2012, Ruben Onsu dan Sarwendah mantan personel Cherrybelle resmi bertunangan dengan melakukan tukar cincin, walaupun mereka berdua baru beberapa bulan berpacaran.
Kemudian pada 22 Oktober 2013, hubungan mereka pun diresmikan. Mereka akhirnya dikaruniai seorang anak ketika sebelumnya sempat mengalami beberapa kali keguguran, Ruben dan Sarwendah memiliki 3 orang anak bernama Betrand Putra Onsu (Anak angkat), Thalia Putri Onsu (Anak kandung), dan Thania Putri Onsu (Anak kandung).
Ruben resmi bercerai dari Sarwendah pada 24 September 2024.
Pada 31 Maret 2025 yang bertepatan dengan Idulfitri, Ruben mengumumkan telah mualaf dengan bimbingan Habib Usman bin Yahya, suami Kartika Putri. Ia menunaikan salat Idulfitri pertama kalinya bersama Ivan Gunawan di Masjid Fatahillah, Kompleks Mabad 124 Rempoa, Jakarta Selatan.
Kim Seon-ho

Kim Seon-ho (Hangul: 김선호; lahir 8 Mei 1986) merupakan aktor yang berasal dari Korea Selatan. Dia memulai karirnya di atas panggung dan muncul di berbagai drama teater sebelum membuat debut di layar kecil pada tahun 2017 dengan drama berjudul Good Manager. Ketenarannya semakin mendunia semenjak dia membintangi serial TV Start-Up.
Dia memulai debutnya di industri film sebagai peran utama dalam film noir The Childe (2023).
Kim Seon-ho tumbuh sebagai anak tunggal di Bongcheon-dong, sebuah lingkungan di Seoul. Dia menggambarkan dirinya sebagai orang yang tertutup dan kurang percaya diri selama masa kanak-kanak dan remajanya, yang dia kaitkan dengan insiden traumatis di masa kecilnya. Saat itu terjadi perampokan di rumahnya dan ibunya ditikam dengan pisau, Kim Seon-ho lolos dari serangan itu dengan bersembunyi di bawah tempat tidurnya. Dia perlahan mengatasi trauma ini melalui akting setelah mendaftar di akademi akting selama tahun ketiga sekolah menengahnya.
Setelah menyelesaikan sekolah menengah, Kim Seon-ho belajar di Institut Seni Seoul di mana dia menerima gelar dari Departemen Penyiaran dan Hiburan. Selama studinya, ia bergabung dengan klub teater kampusnya Theatrical Art Research Society [ko]. Di klub teater, Kim Seon-ho mulai berakting dalam drama seperti My Town, The Seagull, and Chunpung's Wife.
Kim Seon-ho melakukan wajib militernya pada tahun 2007, sebelum debutnya sebagai aktor. Dia menjabat sebagai asisten instruktur di Pusat Pelatihan Tentara Nonsan dan kemudian berubah menjadi pekerja layanan publik. Kehidupan militernya telah memperluas pandangan dunianya.
Kim Seon-ho memeluk agama Katolik. Ia diketahui memiliki nama baptis "Daniel".
Pada tahun 2018, Kim Seon-ho berperan sebagai peran utama pertamanya dalam drama spesial MBC berjudul You Drive Me Crazy bersama Lee Yoo-young. Kemudian, ia membintangi drama sejarah 100 Days My Prince yang menjadi salah satu drama berperingkat tertinggi dalam sejarah televisi kabel Korea.
Pada tahun 2019, Kim Seon-ho mendapatkan peran komedi dalam drama JTBC Welcome to Waikiki 2. Tidak lama kemudian, Seon-ho dikonfirmasi menjadi peran utama detektif dalam drama investigasi romantis Catch the Ghost. Pada tanggal 5 November, Seon-ho dikonfirmasi sebagai salah satu anggota tetap di musim keempat 2 Days & 1 Night yang menandai debutnya dalam acara ragam.
Pada tahun 2020, Kim Seon-ho kembali muncul dalam drama tvN Start-Up. Ia menduduki puncak reputasi aktor drama untuk bulan November berdasarkan Korean Business Research Institute. Dia membuat comeback di panggung teater pada bulan Januari 2021 lewat play Ice by Jang Jin, di mana dia berperan sebagai detektif yang mencoba memasukkan seorang pemuda dalam kasus pembunuhan. Kim Seon-ho juga berkolaborasi dengan Epitone Project untuk merilis single "Reason" pada bulan Mei, yang ia nyanyikan dan tulis bersama, setelah sebelumnya muncul di video musik yang terakhir. Saat ini, Kim Seon-ho sedang membintangi drama tvN yang berjudul Hometown Cha-Cha-Cha bersama Shin Min-a.
Hakan Çalhanoğlu

Hakan Çalhanoğlu (pengucapan bahasa Turki: [Hakan Calhanoglu], lahir 8 Februari 1994) adalah pemain sepak bola profesional Turki yang bermain sebagai gelandang serang untuk klub Serie A, Inter Milan dan tim nasional Turki.
Ia memulai kariernya di klub divisi dua Jerman, Karlsruher SC pada 2011 dan pindah ke klub papan atas Hamburg dua tahun kemudian. Penampilannya di musim Bundesliga pertamanya membuat Bayer Leverkusen merekrutnya pada tahun 2014. Ia bermain selama tiga musim di sana, dengan total mencetak 28 gol dalam 115 penampilan resmi. Pada 2017, ia menandatangani kontrak dengan AC Milan dengan biaya awal €20 juta.
Lahir di Jerman, Çalhanoğlu memilih untuk mewakili Turki di tingkat internasional, dimulai dari tim U-16 dan seterusnya. Ia melakukan debut di tim nasional senior pada tahun 2013 dan ia merupakan bagian dari skuad Turki pada Kejuaraan Eropa UEFA 2016 dan 2020.
Pada 3 Juli 2017, Çalhanoğlu menandatangani kontrak berdurasi empat tahun dengan klub Serie A, AC Milan. Biaya transfernya dilaporkan sebesar €20 juta, dan dapat meningkat hingga menjadi €24 juta. Ia diberi nomor punggung 10, yang sebelumnya dipakai oleh pemain-pemain seperti Gianni Rivera, Ruud Gullit, Dejan Savićević, Zvonimir Boban, Rui Costa dan Clarence Seedorf.
Ia membuat debut kompetitif untuk Rossoneri sebulan kemudian di leg kedua babak kualifikasi ketiga Liga Europa, menggantikan Suso untuk bermain di 25 menit terakhir pertandingan yang akhirnya dimenangkan oleh Milan dengan skor 2–0 (agregat 3–0) atas Universitatea Craiova di San Siro. Ia mencetak gol pertamanya untuk Milan dalam kemenangan tandang 5–1 melawan Austria Wina di babak penyisihan grup pada 14 September, ia juga memberikan dua umpan gol pada laga itu. Di kompetisi domestik, Çalhanoğlu melakukan debut liga pada 20 Agustus, bermain 90 menit penuh ketika meraih kemenangan 3–0 di kandang Crotone. Ia diusir keluar lapangan saat kalah 2–0 di kandang sendiri dari Roma pada 1 Oktober, mendapatkan kartu kuning kedua karena melakukan pelanggaran terhadap Radja Nainggolan. Çalhanoğlu mencetak gol liga pertamanya pada 25 Oktober dalam kemenangan 4–1 di kandang Chievo, menjadi pemain Turki pertama yang mencetak gol di Serie A sejak Emre Belözoğlu pada 2003.
Pada 22 Juni 2021, Çalhanoğlu menandatangani kontrak berdurasi tiga tahun dengan klub Serie A Inter Milan, rival berat klub Çalhanoğlu sebelumnya, dengan status bebas transfer.
Çalhanoğlu mencetak gol dan memberi umpan gol pada debutnya di Inter Milan dalam kemenangan 4–0 atas Genoa pada laga pembukaan musim Serie A 2021–2022.
Karlsruher SC
Inter Milan
Individual
Templat:Skuad Inter Milan
Stasiun Langen

Stasiun Langen (LN) adalah stasiun kereta api kelas III/kecil yang terletak di Muktisari, Langensari, Banjar. Stasiun yang terletak di ketinggian +16 m ini adalah stasiun yang lokasinya paling barat di Daerah Operasi V Purwokerto dan merupakan satu-satunya stasiun kereta api aktif milik Daerah Operasi V Purwokerto yang terletak di Jawa Barat sekaligus yang lokasinya paling timur di Jawa Barat bagian selatan dan Kota Banjar. Stasiun yang menggunakan sistem persinyalan elektrik ini memiliki tiga jalur kereta api dengan jalur 2 merupakan sepur lurus.
Ke arah timur stasiun ini, sebelum Stasiun Meluwung, terdapat Halte Cikawung yang kini sudah dinonaktifkan karena okupansi yang minim dan dihapuskannya KA Lokal Banjar–Kroya pp.
Saat ini stasiun ini hanya melayani persilangan dan penyusulan antarkereta api saja, bukan untuk menaikturunkan penumpang.
Pada hari Jumat, 28 Januari 2011, terjadi tabrakan antara KA Kutojaya Selatan dan KA Mutiara Selatan di stasiun ini. Tiga orang tewas dan puluhan lainnya luka-luka.
Papan pandu

Papan pandu, dasbor atau papan instrumen adalah panel kendali yang dipasang di konsol tengah kendaraan, perahu, atau kokpit pesawat terbang atau pesawat ruang angkasa . Biasanya terletak tepat di depan pengemudi (atau pilot), ini menampilkan instrumentasi dan kontrol untuk pengoperasian kendaraan. Setara elektronik dapat disebut gugus instrumen elektronik, panel instrumen digital, papan pandu digital, pengukurlaju digital, atau gugus instrumen digital . Secara analogi, tampilan ringkas berbagai jenis data visual terkait di satu tempat disebut juga papan pandu.
Papan pandu awalnya dilengkapi serangkaian kontrol sederhana (misalnya, roda kemudi ) dan instrumentasi untuk menunjukkan kecepatan, tingkat bahan bakar, dan tekanan oli, sedangkan papan pandu modern dapat mengakomodasi beragam alat pengukur, dan kontrol serta informasi, kontrol iklim, dan sistem hiburan.
Papan pandu kontemporer mungkin mencakup pengukurlaju, takometer, odometer, pengukur suhu cairan pendingin mesin, dan pengukur bahan bakar, indikator belok, indikator posisi perpindahan gigi, lampu peringatan sabuk pengaman, lampu peringatan rem parkir, dan lampu kerusakan mesin. Kendaraan berat yang dilengkapi rem udara, seperti truk dan bus juga memiliki pengukur untuk menunjukkan tekanan udara yang tersedia dalam sistem pengereman. Fitur lainnya mungkin termasuk pengukur tegangan alternator, indikator bahan bakar rendah, tekanan oli rendah, tekanan ban rendah dan kesalahan pada sistem kantung udara (SRS), kompartemen sarung tangan, asbak dan pemantik rokok atau stopkontak. – serta sistem pemanas dan ventilasi, kontrol pencahayaan, sistem keselamatan, peralatan hiburan dan sistem informasi, misalnya sistem navigasi .
Pada tahun 1937, mobil Chrysler, Dodge, DeSoto, dan Plymouth hadir dengan papan pandu keselamatan yang datar, ditinggikan di atas lutut, dan semua kendali dipasang rata.
Papan pandu bantalan dianjurkan pada tahun 1930an oleh pionir keselamatan mobil Claire L. Straith . Pada tahun 1948, Tucker 48 menjadi mobil pertama dengan papan pandu berbantalan.
Salah satu peningkatan keselamatan pada tahun 1970an adalah meluasnya penggunaan papan pandu berlapis. Bantalannya biasanya berupa busa poliuretan, sedangkan permukaannya biasanya terbuat dari polivinil klorida (PVC) atau kulit untuk model mewah.
Pada awal dan pertengahan 1990-an, airbag menjadi fitur standar pada roda kemudi dan papan pandu.
É

É, é (i-tirus) adalah huruf yang terdapat dalam bahasa Hongaria, Islandia, Kashubia, Ceko, Slowakia, dan Uyghur. Huruf ini juga muncul dalam bahasa Katalan, Prancis, Irlandia, Italia, Occitan, Portugis, Spanyol, Vietnam, Sunda, dan Indonesia sebagai ragam huruf “e”.
É adalah huruf ke-7 alfabet Islandia dan mewaili /jɛː/.
É adalah huruf ke-10 dalam alfabet Hongaria dan mewakili /eː/.
É adalah abjad ke-12 alfabet Ceko dan Slowakia, dan mewakili /ɛː/.
É adalah huruf ke-8 alfabet Kashubia dan mewakili /ɛ/. Huruf ini juga diucapkan [ej] di beberapa dialek, dan mewakili [i]/[ɨ] di daerah antara Puck dan Kartuzy.
Dalam pinyin bahasa Tionghoa, "é" adalah nada yángpíng (阳平, nada naik, nada kedua) dari “e”. Sementara dalam alfabet Vietnam, "e" adalah nada sắc (nada naik) dari “e”.
Dalam alfabet Latin Uyghur (Uyghur Latin Yéziqi̡, ULY), é mewakili /e/.
Dalam Bahasa Indonesia, é kadang digunakan untuk membedakan antara pepet /ə/ (ē mewakili pepet) dengan E biasa. Contoh: seorang Présidén
Pengguna Windows dapat mengetikkan "é" dengan menekan kunci "alt" dan mengetikkan 130 atau 0233 (di bagian numerik papan komputer): alt + 130; alt + 0233.
Di Microsoft Word, seorang pengguna dapat menekan Ctrl + ' (apostrof), lalu E untuk "é".
Shaka (isyarat)

Shaka adalah gerakan tangan ucapan salam yang dilakukan penduduk Hawaii dengan memperlihatkan ibu jari dan kelingking. Telunjuk, jari tengah dan jari manis ditekuk ke arah telapak tangan sementara bagian punggung tangan menghadap ke luar ke arah orang yang diberi salam. Untuk memperjelas maksud ke lawan bicara, isyarat shaka juga diberikan dengan pergelangan tangan yang digerak-gerakkan (bahasa Inggris: shaken sehingga konon isyarat ini disebut shaka).
Isyarat shaka bisa bermakna OK, hebat, atau mahalo (bahasa Hawaii untuk terima kasih). Selain itu, shaka juga melambangkan "semangat Aloha" di Hawaii, yakni semacam sikap bersahabat dan saling pengertian antarberbagai kebudayaan yang dimiliki penduduk Hawaii. Isyarat ini juga dipakai untuk mengatakan halo atau sampai jumpa. Sewaktu berkendara di Hawaii, shaka bisa dipakai sebagai salam antarpengendara, ucapan terima kasih, atau permintaan maaf karena sudah mendahului kendaraan yang sebelumnya berada di depan.
Selain dilakukan orang Hawaii, isyarat ini juga dilakukan penggemar olahraga seperti berselancar, selancar layang-layang, papan luncur, selancar salju, dan skydiving. Di California, isyarat ini berarti hang loose. Tangan yang membentuk isyarat shaka juga berarti huruf Y dalam bahasa isyarat Amerika.
Pencipta dan awal mula tradisi ini tidak diketahui orang. Menurut salah satu cerita yang dimuat Honolulu Star-Bulletin, isyarat ini berasal dari awal tahun 1900-an. Seorang pekerja perkebunan bernama Hamana Kalili dari Laie kehilangan tiga jari tengahnya dalam sebuah kecelakaan di penggilingan gula (atau putus digigit hiu). Ia konon suka melambaikan tangan mengucapkan salam, atau memperingatkan anak-anak agar tidak masuk ke kawasan terlarang.
Cerita lain mengatakan isyarat shaka berasal dari teriakan girang anak yang bermain kelereng. Ketika ada teman yang membidik dan mengenai kelereng lawan dengan jitu, anak-anak berteriak, "Shaka!" ("tepat sekali!").
Isyarat shaka menjadi ciri khas David "Lippy" Espinda, seorang pedagang mobil bekas yang beralih sebagai bintang televisi. Ia mengakhiri iklan televisi yang dibintanginya dengan "shaka, brah!" Espinda meninggal dunia pada tahun 1975. Menurutnya isyarat shaka ini berasal dari gerakan yang dilakukan teman-temannya bermain kelereng.
Expert Soldier Badge

The Expert Soldier Badge, or ESB, is a special skills badge of the United States Army. Similar in appearance to the Combat Action Badge, the ESB is awarded to soldiers other than infantry, special forces, or combat medics, who demonstrate their competence in various warrior- and mission-essential tasks, land navigation, and physical fitness. The badge was approved on June 14, 2019 and entered service in October 2019, as a way for soldiers in military occupational specialties other than primarily combat-oriented ones to certify their competence within their occupation, as well as general combat skills.
The concept of the ESB (initially referred to as the Expert Action Badge) was initially proposed in 2015 as part of the United States Army Training and Doctrine Command's Non-Commissioned Officer (NCO) 2020 Strategy, as one way to improve combat readiness in the Army. The ESB was first openly discussed on March 30, 2017, at an NCO Development Town Hall hosted by Command Sergeant Major David Davenport. Discussion mainly focused on the intent of the badge, as well as the possible criteria for award. The feasibility of the ESB was tested at Joint Base Lewis-McChord in April of the same year, with 53 soldiers taking part in the event. The results of the test at McChord, as well as future testing, will be used to determine if the criteria for the badge appropriately conveys the badge's intent. The NCO 2020 Strategy, including the ESB, was further discussed in 2018 at a conference held at Fort Knox.
The criteria for award of the ESB is that a soldier must perform in 30 Warrior Tasks (Skill Level 1) and battle drills, and five unit–level mission essential tasks, chosen by a commander, in addition to completion of a 12-mile foot march, a land navigation test and the Army Combat Fitness Test. Testing is conducted at the brigade-level, with units being given a week to set up the test course, a few days of training, and then a few days of testing.
The design for the ESB is similar to that of the Combat Action Badge. It features the same M9 bayonet and M67 fragmentation grenade, superimposed on a rectangular base, as found on the Combat Action Badge. The ESB does not, however, feature a wreath.
In late 2024 it was reported that "master combat badges" would debut in Spring 2025; the Master Infantryman Badge, Master Medical Badge, and Master Soldier/Combat Action Badge. The badges would represent those who have earned both a combat badge (CIB, CMB, or CAB) and an expert badge (EIB, EFMB, or ESB). The proposed "master badges" are alleged to appear identical to their respective combat badges, replacing the silver wreaths on the full-color metal badges with gold wreaths; subdued pin-on badges and sew-on badges would see their black wreaths also replaced with gold. Soldiers that had earned a combat badge but a "separate" expert badge (a CIB and an EFMB, for example) would wear the master badge aligning with their combat badge (in the case of a CIB and an EFMB, the awardee would wear the Master Infantryman Badge). As of April 2025, no official announcement has been made concerning the badges.
Tomb of Seuthes III

The Tomb of Seuthes III is located near Kazanlak, Bulgaria. Seuthes III was the King of the Odrysian Kingdom of Thrace from c. 331 to c. 300 BC and founder of the nearby Thracian city of Seuthopolis.
It is one of the most elaborate tombs in the Valley of the Thracian Rulers.
The tomb has an impressive façade, an unusual 13m long entry corridor and three consecutive spacious rooms. The first room is rectangular and has a rainbow-shaped, double-pitched roof. A horse had been sacrificed in this chamber. The next room is circular and domed, while the third room is carved in a huge stone block and has double-pitched covering (resembling a sarcophagus). Inside, there is a modeled funeral bed.
It is among the largest mounds in Thrace, with a maximum height of 23 m and a diameter of 130 m. The tomb is built in a pre-accumulated mound embankment. A wide alley leads to the façade and entrance.
Also found was the now famous magnificent sculpted head believed to represent Seuthes III. The eyes are made of alabaster and glass paste and the eyelashes and eyebrows from copper strips.
The tomb was originally a monumental temple at Golyama Kosmatka Mound, built in the second half of the 5th century BC. After extended use as a temple, around 300 BC, Seuthes lll was buried inside. The sarcophagus-chamber contained personal belongings that were necessary for the afterlife of the King. It includes knee pads, a gilded helmet with images, leather armour with a collar (plastron made of golden threads), a large sword and spears. There are bronze vessels, and three big ceramic amphora which were filled with thick Thracian wine. The floor and the ritual bed are covered by a carpet woven in gold thread. The total weight of the gold including all the objects is more than one kilogram. There are thirteen gold appliques for horse halters with images of human, animals and plants - objects which are rare in Thracian archaeology. Another two rectangular objects are golden with figures of standing warriors, used as a decoration for the sword sheath. There is a massive circular decoration for the King's armour. The handle of the rod is also golden. In the grave are placed golden vessels with two handles for drinking wine, also called kiliks, and a remarkable golden wreath with twigs, leaves and acorns and many other items.
After the funeral, the entrance to the first two rooms were walled, and the corridor was burned and filled with stones and soil. The façade was buried and hidden from view.
42°41′59.634″N 25°20′0.32″E﻿ / ﻿42.69989833°N 25.3334222°E﻿ / 42.69989833; 25.3334222
Congratulations (Post Malone song)

"Congratulations" is a song by American rapper Post Malone featuring fellow American rapper Quavo. The song, at first released as a promotional single from Malone's debut studio album Stoney (2016) on November 4, 2016, was released on January 31, 2017, as the fifth official single from the album. Malone and Quavo wrote the song with Carl Rosen and producers Metro Boomin, Frank Dukes, and Louis Bell. A remix, which includes an additional feature from fellow American rapper Future, was released on June 16, 2017.
Producers Frank Dukes, Metro Boomin, and Louis Bell began working with Post Malone on tracks for his debut album after the success of the single "White Iverson." During the writing process, they were watching the 2016 Summer Olympics and were inspired to create a triumphant song. At one point during the session, Post's manager Dre London shouted 'congratulations,' inspiring the chorus of the song.
Post Malone debuted the track while performing in Austin, Texas in September 2016, two months before the song's official release.
On May 9, 2017, the track was performed to Post Malone by a mariachi band, commissioned by Indonesian rapper Rich Brian.
On June 16, 2017, the official remix was released featuring an additional verse from Future.
The song is written in the key of F♯ major with a tempo of 110 beats per minute.
The song's accompanying music video premiered on January 23, 2017, on Post Malone's Vevo account on YouTube. The music video was directed by James DeFina. It features cameo appearances from Murda Beatz, Metro Boomin, Frank Dukes, and fellow members of the Migos crew. As of July 2023, the music video has been viewed over 1.5 billion times.
The song peaked at number eight on the US Billboard Hot 100, becoming Post Malone's second top 20 hit, following his debut single, "White Iverson", and first top 10 hit, and has spent a total of 50 weeks on the chart. The song was later certified Diamond (11× Platinum) by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for combined sales and streaming equivalent units of over 11 million units in the United States.
Adapted from TIDAL.
Production
Technical
Herfiza Novianti

Herfiza Harun (née Novianti; born November 21, 1987) is an Indonesian actress and model. She is the wife of actor Ricky Harun and the daughter-in-law of the actress and model Donna Harun.
Novianti began her career as a model, appearing in a 2003 magazine of Aneka Yess!. After the competition, Novianti had offered to casting in her debut soap opera, titled Dia, where aired on Indosiar from 2003 to 2005. During her soap opera career, Novianti has appeared in several soap opera, such as Cinta Fitri (Musim Ramadhan 2), Air Mata Cinta, Si Biang Kerok Cilik and Kiamat Sudah Dekat of season 2 and 3, which produced by Deddy Mizwar.
In addition, Novianti also appeared in several movies, such as Oh My God! (her debut film) and Kambing Jantan: The Movie, which produced by comedian and also writer Raditya Dika in 2009. In 2010, Novianti had starred for a controversial horror movie, titled Suster Keramas, with Rin Sakurigi, a Japanese adult porn.
Herfiza Novianti was born on November 21, 1987, in Sukabumi. She is the third child of four siblings of Hendra Sumantri and Rina Faryani. She married the actor Ricky Harun on June 15, 2013. They have one daughter.
Violator (banda)

Violator es una banda brasileña de thrash metal, creada en el 2002 por Pedro Arcanjo, Pedro Agusto y David Araya. Tras 4 años haciendo de bajo perfil, la banda fue fichada por la discográfica brasileña Kill Again Records y saca su primer álbum de estudio Chemical Assault, para después dar una gira por Brasil, Chile, Francia, Paraguay, Argentina, Uruguay, Perú, Venezuela, Colombia, Japón, Bélgica e Italia.
Chuncheon

Chuncheon (en coreano: 춘천, Romanización revisada: chuncheon, léase: Chunchón, literalmente: ácido) es la ciudad capital de la provincia de Gangwon al norte de Corea del Sur. Está ubicada al noreste de Seúl a unos 70 km. Su área es de 1116 km² y su población total es de 272 000 (2011).
En los límites de la ciudad hay varios lagos, y entre los lagos hay pequeñas islas. Al noroeste fluye el Río Han.
La ciudad de Chuncheon se divide en 15 distritos (dong), 9 municipios (myeon) y 1 villa (eup).
La ciudad fue habitada hace cerca de 1000 años por tribus que llegaron de lejos. En el año 637 la ciudad era llamada Usooju. En el 757 fue llamada Saku y en el 940 como Chunju (春州) y desde 1413 lleva su nombre actual. En 1896 Chuncheon se convirtió en la capital de la provincia de Gangwon. La ciudad fue destruida en gran parte durante la Guerra de Corea, pero fue construida nuevamente.
Chuncheon es el centro del mercado de productos agrícolas de las tierras circundantes. Los principales productos son el arroz y la soja. Desde la década de 1960 la industria ligera se ha convertido en dominante. Tras el enorme éxito del drama televisivo Sonata de invierno, la ciudad se ha convertido en destino turístico, que atrae a visitantes de toda Asia oriental.
La ciudad destaca por su plato conocido internacionalmente, el Dak galbi y el muy popular Makguksu.
Jollibee

Jollibee es una franquicia multinacional de restaurantes de comida rápida con sede en Filipinas. Considerada la mayor cadena del sector en su país, con más de 1300 restaurantes en setenta países,​ su carta consta de platos adaptados al cliente filipino como hamburguesas, pollo frito, espaguetis y fideos. La empresa pertenece a la matriz Jollibee Foods Corporation (JFC) que también gestiona las cadenas Chowking (cocina china), Greenwich (cocina italiana), Red Ribbon (bollería) y Mang Inasal (barbacoa), así como la franquicia de Burger King en Filipinas.
La empresa fue fundada en 1975 por Tony Tan Caktiong y sus orígenes se encuentran en una heladería de Ciudad Quezon, que con el paso del tiempo amplió su carta a otros productos de comida rápida. Tres años después, un consultor les recomendó que el negocio debía centrarse en vender perritos calientes y hamburguesas, ya que eran los productos con más mercado potencial en esa zona.​ En 1978, Caktiong fundó la empresa Jollibee Foods Corporation y expandió su negocio de restaurantes Jollibee en todo el área metropolitana de Manila.
Jollibee logró convertirse en la mayor franquicia de comida rápida de Filipinas en la década de 1980. El grupo emuló medidas que funcionaban en Estados Unidos, como las promociones o el sistema de trabajo, y las adaptó al mercado filipino para hacer de Jollibee una cadena orientada al público familiar. Además, empezó a abrir restaurantes en régimen de franquicia.​ En 1981 se alzó con el primer puesto en cuota de mercado por encima de McDonald's,​ y en 1986 inició su expansión internacional con una apertura en Taipéi, República de China.​
A partir de los años 1990, Jollibee diversificó su negocio a otras cadenas de restauración. En 1994 compró Greenwich Pizza, especializada en pizzas y pasta italiana; en el 2000 se hizo con Chowking (cocina china) y Red Ribbon (bollería), y en el 2010 tomó las riendas de la parrillería filipina Mang Inasal. Por otro lado, en 2011 llegó a un acuerdo para asumir BK Titans, la compañía que gestiona las franquicias de Burger King en Filipinas.
Con más de mil restaurantes desde 2017, la compañía consolidó su expansión con aperturas en Europa y Estados Unidos.​ En 2021 llegó a España, su primer país dentro del mercado europeo, con una apertura en Madrid.​
El menú de Jollibee combina platos tradicionales de la comida rápida estadounidense con recetas adaptadas al cliente filipino. Entre los productos más vendidos cabe destacar la hamburguesa Yumburger; el pollo frito Chickenjoy servido con salsa gravy; los espagueti Jolly Spaghetti, una versión filipina con salsa boloñesa dulce; y el palabok, una variante del pancit filipino con fideos fritos.​ Además se venden guarniciones y postres.​ En su país de origen Jollibee tiene un acuerdo exclusivo con Coca-Cola para la venta de refrescos, mientras que en los mercados internacionales la cadena sirve bebidas de PepsiCo.
La mascota de Jollibee es una abeja sonriente con traje rojo que, en palabras de la empresa, representa el carácter optimista del pueblo filipino.​
Pollo frito coreano

Se llama pollo frito coreano al pollo frito preparado según los gustos gastronómicos coreanos. Se trata de una receta en auge, que tradicionalmente se toma como comida rápida, en bares, o como tentempié en Corea, siendo poco frecuente tomarlo como una comida.​
El pollo frito coreano se prepara de forma que se retire la grasa de la piel, obteniendo una corteza descrita por Julia Moskin del New York Times como «fina, crujiente y casi transparente». Los pollos suelen condimentarse tras freírse. En Corea del Sur los pollos son relativamente pequeños, por lo que se fríen enteros en los restaurantes y después se trocean. En otros países los pollos suelen ser mayores, por lo que no resulta satisfactorio freírlos enteros al ser demasiado grandes sus pechugas y muslos. Por esto, muchos restaurantes fuera de Corea sirven alitas y muslos pequeños. Suele acompañarse este plato con rábanos encurtidos, cerveza y soju.​
Pollo frito crujiente

El crespo es un plato común de la gastronomía cantonesa del sur de China.​ El pollo se fríe de forma que la piel queda extremadamente crujiente, pero la carne blanca permanece relativamente blanda.
El plato es único en que se sirve casi universalmente con los dos mismos acompañamientos: sal con pimienta (椒鹽) y snack de gamba (蝦片).​ La sal con pimienta, de color blanco oscuro a gris, se fríe separada en un wok. El snack de gamba suele hacerse con arroz o tapioca y frito.
El plato se encuentra en Hong Kong y en la mayoría de los restaurantes de los barrios chinos del resto del mundo. Tradicionalmente se toma de noche. También es uno de los platos tradicionales de pollo usados en las bodas chinas y de otros países asiáticos.
Chuzo desgranado

Chuzo desgranado is a typical fast food that originated from Barranquilla and spread throughout the Caribbean region of Colombia that contains charcoal-grilled meats such as chicken, beef, pork loin and ribs, bacon, chorizo, sausages and botifarra, small fried potato pieces (used as a topping for hot dogs), Costeño cheese, mozzarella cheese, bollo limpio and/or French fries, cooked sweet corn kernels, lettuce and sauces (tartar, salsa rosada, mayonnaise, pineapple) to suit the consumer. There is also the option of a "chuzo light" which does not include the fries or bollo limpio.
One study demonstrated that university students considered this dish an identifying feature of Barranquilla.
Alsea (company)

Alsea, S.A.B. de C.V., known as Alsea, is a Mexican multi-brand restaurant operator based in Mexico City, Mexico. It was founded as a holding company in 1997. Its operating portfolio includes fast-food, casual dining, and cafeteria type restaurant chains located in Mexico, South America and Europe. It is one of the largest foodservice companies in Mexico according to CNN Expansión.
Some of the restaurant chains that Alsea operates are Starbucks, Burger King, Vips, Popeyes, Italianni's, Chili's, California Pizza Kitchen, P. F. Chang's, Pei Wei Asian Diner and The Cheesecake Factory.
Alsea reported revenues of US$1.7 billion for 2014. It operates more than 3,093 units of restaurant chains in Mexico, Spain, Chile, Argentina, Colombia, Brazil, The Netherlands, Italy & France and employs more than 60,000 people. Alsea is listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the IPC, the main benchmark index of Mexican stocks.
In 2014, Alsea acquired the Mexican restaurant chain Vips and the Spanish Grupo Zena.
In 2019, Alsea acquired the rights to operate and develop establishments of the Starbucks brand in the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg (BENELUX) and France.[1]
Alsea has the rights to manage and open restaurants from these brands as follows (last updated: 31 January 2024):
In February 2019, Alsea de CV : ACQUIRES THE RIGHTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE BRAND STARBUCKS IN THE NETHERLANDS, BELGIUM AND LUXEMBOURG.[2]
In September 2013, Alsea acquired 362 Walmex restaurants Vips and El Porton for around $626 million.
What Is to Be Done?

What Is to Be Done? Burning Questions of Our Movement is a political pamphlet written by Russian revolutionary Vladimir Lenin (credited as N. Lenin) in 1901 and published in 1902, a development of a "skeleton plan" laid out in an article first published in early 1901. Its title is taken from the 1863 novel of the same name by the Russian revolutionary Nikolai Chernyshevsky.
The text's central focus is the ideological formation of the proletariat. In What Is to Be Done?, Lenin argues that the working class will not spontaneously become political simply by fighting economic battles with employers over wages, working hours, and the like. To educate the working class on Marxism, Lenin insists that Marxists should form a political party, or vanguard, of dedicated revolutionaries in order to spread Marxist political ideas among the workers. The pamphlet, in part, precipitated the split of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party between Lenin's Bolsheviks and the Mensheviks.
Lenin first confronts the so-called economist trend in Russian social democracy that followed the line of Eduard Bernstein. He explains that Bernstein's positions were opportunist, a point expressed by the French socialist Alexandre Millerand as in taking a post in a bourgeois government. Against the economists' demand for freedom of criticism, Lenin advances the position that the orthodox Marxists had the same right to criticize in return. He stresses that in the struggle against the bourgeoisie, revolutionary social democrats would need to pay particular attention to theoretical questions, recalling Friedrich Engels' position that there were three forms of social democratic struggle, namely political, economic and theoretical.
Lenin hypothesizes that workers will not spontaneously develop class consciousness due to economic conflicts with their employers or through spontaneous actions like strikes or demonstrations. Instead, revolutionaries need to form a political party to publicize Marxist ideas and persuade workers to join. Lenin argues that understanding politics requires understanding all of society, not just workers and their economic struggles with their employers.
Reflecting on the wave of strikes in late 19th century Russia, Lenin writes that "the history of all countries shows that the working class, exclusively by its own efforts, is able to develop only trade-union consciousness"; that is, combining into trade unions and so on. However, socialist theory in Russia, as elsewhere in Europe, was the product of the "educated representatives of the propertied classes", the intellectuals or "revolutionary socialist intellectuals". Lenin states that Karl Marx and Engels themselves, the very founders of modern scientific socialism, belonged to this bourgeois intelligentsia.
Threedegrees

threedegrees or 3° (frequently referred to as Three Degrees) was a communication and P2P application produced by Microsoft. It allowed the user to sign in using a .NET Passport and integrated into MSN Messenger. It sorted buddies into groups, and allowed initiating group chats in MSN Messenger, and sharing of pictures, listening to a shared playlist and sending animated winks.
threedegrees is now discontinued and certain features provided by the software have been partially integrated into MSN Messenger 7. threedegrees used to only run under Windows XP Service Packs 1 and 2, with a custom IPv6 stack installed.
threedegrees had a concept of being able to stream music between multiple users like a miniature radio station. However, despite other new features being included in MSN Messenger 7, this feature was never released due to large copyright issues that would be faced by Microsoft. MSN Messenger does, however, now enable other users to see what their buddy is listening to and is linked to a website providing this music if needed, a concept spurred by this idea.
The threedegrees product was conceived and produced by an internal startup at Microsoft called the Netgen team. The team was unique in that it was an internal startup inside of Microsoft, set away from the software giant's Redmond campus in separate offices in downtown Seattle and staffed mostly with college graduates tasked to create a product "for themselves". The team was chronicled in Newsweek on February 24, 2003 by writer Steven Levy in his article "Microsoft Gets A Clue From Its Kiddie Corps". While the threedegrees product never reached mass adoption, it represented one of Microsoft's early attempts to revitalize its MSN division through the creation of an incubator team outside of the company's main R&D structure.
Static site generator

Static site generators (SSGs) are software engines that use text input files (such as Markdown, reStructuredText, AsciiDoc and JSON) to generate static web pages. Unlike dynamic websites, these static pages do not change based on the request. This simplifies the requirements for the backend and allows the site to be distributed via content delivery networks (CDN)s. The simple design also makes it harder for attackers to modify the website due to the smaller attack surface of these relatively simple backends. Some of the most popular static site generators are Jekyll, Hugo, Eleventy, Gatsby, and Next.js, SSGs are typically for rarely-changing, informative content, such as product pages, news articles, software documentation, and blogs.
SSGs typically consist of a template written in HTML with a templating system, such as Liquid (Jekyll) or Go template (Hugo). The same structure (typically a Git repository) includes content in a plain-text format such as Markdown or reStructuredText, or in a structural meta format such as JSON or XML. A single plain-text file may correspond to a single web page. Alternatively, a single structural metadata file may correspond to an entire website if a single-page application framework like AngularJS is used. The website variable settings are stored in a plaintext configuration file _config.yml (YAML), _config.toml (TOML) or _config.json (JSON). Page files typically also start with a YAML, TOML, or JSON preamble to define variables such as title, permalink, or date. Files with names that begin with an underscore (_) such as _index.md (as opposed to index.md) are considered templates or archetypes and are thus not rendered as pages themselves.
Several hundred SSGs have been documented to exist, with the vast majority being written in languages that are already prominent on the web, such as Python, Go, JavaScript and TypeScript.
Many server-side template systems have an option to publish output pages on the server, where the published pages are static. This is common on content management systems, like Vignette, but is not considered out-server generation. In the majority of cases, this "publish option" doesn't interfere with the template system, and it can be made by external software, as Wget.
People began to use server-side dynamic pages generated from templates with preexisting software adapted for this task. This early software was the preprocessors and macro languages, adapted for the web use, running on CGI. Next, a simple but relevant technology was the direct execution made on extension modules, started with SSI.
ኅዳር ፲፫

ኅዳር ፲፫ ቀን በኢትዮጵያ ዘመን አቆጣጠር የዓመቱ ፸፫ተኛው እና የመፀው ወቅት ፵፰ተኛው ቀን ነው። ከዚህ ዕለት በኋላ እስከ ዓመቱ መጨረሻ ድረስ፣ በ ዘመነ ሉቃስ ፪፻፺፫ ቀናት በ ዘመነ ዮሐንስ፤ በ ዘመነ ማቴዎስ፤ እና በ ዘመነ ማርቆስ ደግሞ ፪፻፺፪ ቀናት ይቀራሉ።
ክርስቲያን ፑሊሲች

ክርስቲያን የትዳር መለጠፊያ:IPAc-en መለጠፊያ:Lang-hr ፣ መለጠፊያ:IPA-sh ; በሴፕቴምበር 18፣ 1998 ተወለደ) ክለብ ቼልሲ እና ለዩናይትድ ስቴትስ ብሄራዊ ቡድን እንደ ክንፍ ተጫዋች ወይም አጥቂ አማካይ የሚጫወት አሜሪካዊ ፕሮፌሽናል እግር ኳስ ተጫዋች ነው። በደጋፊዎች እና በሌሎች ተጫዋቾች “ ካፒቴን አሜሪካ ” (Captain America) የሚል ቅጽል ስም ተሰጥቶት ፑሊሲች በመንጠባጠብ ችሎታው እና በፍንዳታ ፍጥነቱ ታዋቂ ነው።
ፑሊሲች ፕሮፌሽናል ስራውን የጀመረው በጀርመን ክለብ ቦርሺያ ዶርትሙንድ ሲሆን በቡድኑ የወጣቶች አካዳሚ በፍጥነት በማደግ በ15 የወጣቶች ጨዋታዎች ላይ አሳይቷል። ከዚያም በ17 ዓመቱ በ2016 ወደ ከፍተኛ ቡድን አድጓል በክለቡ የመጀመሪያ የውድድር ዘመን በትኩረት ተጫውቷል ነገርግን ተሳትፎው በከፍተኛ ደረጃ ጨምሯል በሚቀጥለው ዘመቻ 2016–17 DFB-Pokal ን ባሸነፈው የዶርትሙንድ ቡድን ውስጥ ዋና ተዋናይ ነበር። እ.ኤ.አ. በ 2018 ከ 21 ዓመት በታች ላለው ምርጥ ተጫዋች የተሰጠውን የመጀመሪያ ደረጃ ኮፓ ዋንጫ ላይ ሁለተኛ ሆኖ አጠናቋል።
እ.ኤ.አ. በጥር 2019 ፑሊሲች በ73 ዶላር ዝውውር ወደ ቼልሲ ተዛወረ ሚሊዮን ( £ 57.6 ሚሊዮን)፣ የምንጊዜም ውዱ የሰሜን አሜሪካ ተጫዋች በማድረግ ለክለቡ መጫወት የጀመረው በ2019–20 የውድድር ዘመን ነው። በ21 አመቱ ባርኔጣ ያስቆጠረ ትንሹ የቼልሲ ተጫዋች ሆነ። ከቼልሲ ጋር 2020–21 UEFA Champions League ፣ 2021 UEFA Super Cup እና 2021 FIFA Club World Cup ፣ ትንሹ የቼልሲ ተጫዋች እና የመጀመሪያው አሜሪካዊ በሻምፒዮንስ ሊግ ግማሽ ፍፃሜ ጎል ያስቆጠረ እና በሻምፒዮንስ ሊግ የተጫወተ የመጀመሪያው አሜሪካዊ ሆነ። የመጨረሻ.
ፑሊሲች ለዩናይትድ ስቴትስ ከ15 እና ከ17 በታች ደረጃ ተጫውቷል፡ የከፍተኛ ብሄራዊ ቡድኑን የመጀመሪያ ጨዋታውን በመጋቢት 2016 በ17 አመቱ ነበር። በዘመናችን የዩናይትድ ስቴትስ ብሔራዊ ቡድንን በመምራት ረገድ ትንሹ ተጫዋች ነው። በ2019 የኮንካካፍ ጎልድ ዋንጫ ፍፃሜ ላይ እንዲደርስ ዩኤስን ረድቶ የ2019-20 የመክፈቻውን የኮንካካፍ መንግስታት ሊግ አሸንፏል። በግለሰብ ደረጃ የአሜሪካ እግር ኳስ ወጣት ወንድ አትሌት ሽልማት እና ሶስት የአሜሪካ የእግር ኳስ ምርጥ ወንድ አትሌት ሽልማቶችን አሸንፏል።
Beijing BJ30

The Beijing BJ20/BJ30 is a compact CUV produced by BAIC Motor since 2015. It was first introduced in 2015 as the BAIC BJ20, and later in 2020, it received a major facelift and was renamed to Beijing BJ30. The second generation model was introduced in 2024.
First introduced as the BAIC BJ20 concept car at the 2015 Shanghai Auto Show and previously the Beijing Auto Concept 500 that debuted on the Shanghai Auto Show in April 2013, the BAIC BJ20 production model was launched in August 2016, with the final production version of the Beijing Auto BJ20 debuting on the 2016 Chengdu Auto Show in China. The design of both the Concept 500 and the BJ20 were inspired by the Beijing BJ212, a classic Chinese off-road vehicle.
The BAIC BJ20 is based on the same platform as the Senova X65, and is powered by a Mitsubishi-sourced ‘4A91T’ 1.5 liter turbo engine producing 147hp and 210nm. The only transmission offered is a six-speed manual gearbox and only front-wheel-drive is available. Pricing for the BJ20 starts at 96,800 yuan and ends at 139,800 yuan ($14.300 – 20.600).
Being essentially the facelift model of the BJ20, the BAIC BJ30 launched during the 2020 Guangzhou Auto Show in November 2020 is the first model to utilize Beijing Auto’s updated product naming system, using 2, 4, 6, 8-sequenced numbers for rugged off-roaders, and employing 3, 5, 7 and 9 monikers for urban off-road models. Compared to the BJ20, the BJ30 features a completely redesigned front and rear while still equipped with the same powertrain which is a 1.5-liter turbocharged gasoline engine producing 150 HP and 210 Nm (155 lb-ft) of torque, mated to a 6-speed manual transmission or a CVT.
The second generation Beijing BJ30 is powered by a 1.5 liter A156T2H turbo engine produced by Beijing Automotive Powertrain Co., Ltd., producing a maximum power of 138 kilowatts paired to a 7-speed Dual-clutch transmission. A range extended electric version is also offered powered by the 1.5 liter A156T2H-H1 turbo engine produced by Beijing Automotive Powertrain Co., Ltd., specially tuned for REEV and mated a 2-speed Dedicated Hybrid Transmission (DHT).
The BJ30e was released in the Philippines in 2024 as the BAIC B30e Dune.
2015 World Championships in Athletics – Women's 800 metres

The women's 800 metres at the 2015 World Championships in Athletics was held at the Beijing National Stadium on 26, 27 and 29 August.
Eunice Jepkoech Sum of Kenya entered the competition as the defending champion and also as the world-leading athlete for the season with her time of 1:56.99 minutes.
The third semi-final was the fastest, with Melissa Bishop battling Maryna Arzamasava to the line, leaving defending champion and world #1 Eunice Jepkoech Sum as a time qualifier. Bishop's winning 1:57.52 became the new Canadian National Record.
In the final it was the same three players, Arzamasava holding the lead through the final turn, with Sum looking for a way to run around her. With Sum moving to the outside, Arzamasava drifted out, opening a gap on the inside which Bishop moved in to occupy. It was three abreast down the home stretch but Arzamasava never relinquished the lead, Bishop unable to get ahead on the inside and Sum just slightly behind them both.
Prior to the competition, the records were as follows:
All times are local times (UTC+8)
Qualification: First 3 in each heat (Q) and the next 6 fastest (q) advanced to the semifinals.
Qualification: First 2 in each heat (Q) and the next 2 fastest (q) advanced to the final.
The final was started at 14:15
Erreà

Erreà (pronounced [ˌɛrreˈa]) is a sports equipment supplier from Italy. Erreà was the first Italian sportswear company to be accredited with the Oeko-tex standard certification, which assures that garments textiles are free from harmful chemicals.
Established in 1988, Erreà's world headquarters are in San Polo di Torrile, just outside Parma. It was founded by Angelo Gandolfi, who remains president today.
Erreà entered the English football market in 1994, signing a deal with then Premier League side Middlesbrough that lasted for many years. Erreà were the kit manufacturer for Burnley Football Club from the 2005/06 championship season through to their first promotion to the Premier League in 2009/10. The company also signed a deal to supply Norwich City with equipment in 2011.
It celebrated its 25th anniversary in 2013 with the presentation of its key footballing clients' shirts for the next season. Parma, Atalanta, Norwich City, Brighton, Blackpool, Rayo Vallecano, Numancia, Alcorcón, ADO Den Haag and Nantes were the teams represented.
Erreà is also the official supplier for the following leagues and associations:
Excludes articles found in Category:Sporting goods manufacturers of Italy.
3000 metres

The 3000 metres or 3000-metre run is a track running event, also commonly known as the "3K" or "3K run", where 7.5 laps are run around an outdoor 400 m track, or 15 laps around a 200 m indoor track.
It is debated whether the 3000 m should be classified as a middle-distance or long-distance event. In elite-level competition, 3000 m pace is more comparable to the pace found in the longer 5000 metres event, rather than mile pace. The men's world record performance for 3000 m equates to a pace of 58.34 seconds per 400 m, which is closer to the 60.43 seconds for 5000 m than the 55.46 seconds for the mile. However, the 3000 m does require some anaerobic conditioning, and an elite athlete needs to develop a high tolerance to lactic acid, as does the mile runner. Thus, the 3000 m demands a balance of aerobic endurance needed for the 5000 m and lactic acid tolerance needed for the mile.
In men's athletics, 3000 metres has been an Olympic discipline only as a team race at the 1912, 1920 and 1924 Summer Olympics. It has not been contested at any of the IAAF outdoor championships, but it is occasionally hosted at annual elite track and field meetings. It is often featured in indoor track and field programmes and is the longest-distance event present at the IAAF World Indoor Championships.
In women's athletics, 3000 metres was a standard event in the Olympic Games (1984 to 1992) and World Championships (1980 to 1993). The event was discontinued at World Championship and Olympic level after the 1993 World Championships in Athletics, with Qu Yunxia being the final gold medal winner at the event. Starting with the 1995 World Championships in Athletics and the 1996 Olympic Games, it was replaced by 5000 metres, with other IAAF-organized championships following suit.
Skilled runners in this event reach speeds near vVO2max, for which the oxygen requirements of the body cannot continuously be satisfied, requiring some anaerobic effort.