davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Jakarta International Expo

Jakarta International Expo atau Arena JIExpo Kemayoran adalah sebuah pusat konvensi dan eksibisi yang terletak di Kecamatan Pademangan, Jakarta Utara, Indonesia. Pusat konvensi dan eksibisi ini dibuka pada tahun 1992 dengan diprakarsai oleh grup Central Cipta Murdaya (CCM). Pusat konvensi ini dimiliki oleh PT Jakarta International Expo, yang dimiliki oleh CCM sebanyak 86,88% dan Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta sebanyak 13,12%.
Jakarta International Expo memiliki 5 balai dengan kapasitas 5.000 hingga 12.000 tempat duduk. Tempat ini telah menyelenggarakan berbagai macam pameran, konser, dan event spesial lainnya baik tingkat nasional maupun internasional, seperti Pekan Raya Jakarta, Java Jazz Festival, Djakarta Warehouse Project, audisi Indonesian Idol Musim Ketujuh, malam puncak Miss Indonesia sejak 2012, Pesta Olahraga Asia 2018, pameran otomotif Indonesia International Motor Show (IIMS), Pekan Raya Jakarta Lebaran dan event lainnya.
[edit] JIExpo dapat dijangkau dengan transportasi umum Transjakarta koridor 14, dengan 2 trayek 14 & 14A. Terdapat 3 halte transjakarta di dekat JIExpo:
Ikhsan Rumbay

Ikhsan Leonardo Imanuel Rumbay atau yang dikenal sebagai Ikhsan Rumbay (lahir 15 Januari 2000) adalah seorang pemain bulu tangkis asal Indonesia yang bermain pada PB Djarum. Ikhsan mulai dikenal oleh penonton pada penghujung 2016 saat event Master Junior 2016 sedang berlangsung. Pada event tersebut, Ikhsan yang usianya belum genap 17 tahun sukses mendapatkan gelar di kelompok taruna atau 19 tahun ke bawah. Kemenangannya merupakan suatu pencapaian yang sangat luar biasa dikarenakan lawannya pada pertandingan tersebut adalah orang-orang yang berasal dari klub-klub ternama dibandingkan dia seorang siswa di Sekolah Khusus Olahraga (SKO) Ragunan. Ikhsan sebagai pemain tunggal putra memulai kariernya dalam dunia bulu tangkis pada tahun 2017 dikarenakan ia sangat suka bermain bulu tangkis dan ingin untuk dikenal oleh banyak orang.
Tunggal Putra
Tunggal putra
International Association of Speakers Bureaus

The International Association of Speakers Bureaus (IASB) is a 501(c)(6) nonprofit trade membership organization of speakers bureaus, lecture agencies and speaker management companies located around the world. Founded in 1986.
In 1986, the International Group of Agencies and Bureaus (IGAB) was founded by Dottie Walters and is headquartered in Arizona. In July 2000, the Board of Governors of IGAB voted to form a separate organization called the International Association of Speakers' Offices (IASB). In 2002, IGAB merged with the IASB, incorporating it as a nonprofit organization in Indiana on July 1, 2002. In 2010, the organization moved its headquarters to Arizona.
IASB is a member of the Events Industry Council and the NSA-IASB Council and works collaboratively with other organizations in the Meetings and Events Industry to provide support, guidance and information for its members. Among the partner organizations are:
Presidents since its foundation
Sammi Kane Kraft

Sammi Kane Kraft (April 2, 1992 – October 9, 2012) was an American baseball player, musician and actress.
Born in Livingston, New Jersey, she starred in the 2005 remake of Bad News Bears as Amanda Wurlitzer. She was featured in an ESPN.com Page 2-story about her athletic skills, and competed in the Junior Olympics. She began a garage folk project in San Francisco under the name of Scary Girls and continued to record music.
On October 9, 2012, at 1:30 am, Kraft was riding in the passenger seat of a car when it rear-ended a semi trailer and was then struck by another vehicle, according to the California Highway Patrol. Subsequently, she was pronounced dead at the Cedars Sinai Medical Center.
Alana Haim of the band HAIM has the initials "SKK" taped to her guitar in memory of Kraft. The third verse of HAIM's song, "Hallelujah", is about the effect of Kraft's death on Alana, who was best friends with her at the time of her death.
Kraft's heart was donated by her parents to Yvonne Payne, wife of television personality Charles Payne.
Musajik Cut Meutia

Musajik Cut Meutia adolah musajik nan talatak di Jalan Cut Meutia Nomor 1, Jakarta Pusat, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia. Namo "Cut Meutia" diambiak dari namo jalan tempat musajik tu tagak. Salain itu Cut Meutia marupoan namo pahlawan nasional Indonesia nan ikuik bajuang malawan kolonialisme Balando di Aceh. Bangunan musajik ko tamasuak paninggalan sijarah dari zaman panjajahan kolonial Balando. Di musajik ko indak tadapek kubah atau minaro sarupo musajik nan lain. Tadapek mihrab nan dilatakan di sampiang kiri dari saf shalat. Salain itu posisi safnyo miriang tahadok bangunan musajik dek pambangunan musajik ko indak tapek ka arah kiblat. Bangunan musajik ko bagaya arsitektur Art Nouveau, tadiri dari lantai duo lantai, bagian atehnyo babantuak sagi ampek. Pado tiok sisinyo tadapek tigo buah jendela kaco nan manjadi ciri khas musajik ko.
Di musajik ko tadapek agenda rutin nan dilakuan dek masyarakaik satampek, yatu 3 in one study. Kagiatannyo sarupo kajian sasudah lapeh karajo satiok bakda maghrib di hari Senin sampai Sabtu. Kegiatan ko dicanangan katiko pamarintahan Gubernur Sutiyoso nan masih dilakuan hinggo kini.
Dulunyo musajik ko marupoan bangunan kantua biro arsitek jo pangembang N.V. Naamloze vennootschap, atau Perseroan terbatas Bouwploeg, Pieter Adriaan Jacobus Moojen (1879 - 1955) nan mambangun wilayah Gondangdia di Menteng.
Sabelum difungsian sabagai musajik, bangunan ko pernah digunoan sabagai kantua pos, kantua Jawatan Kereta Api Balando jo kantua Kempetai Angkatan Lauik Jepang (1942 - 1945). Sasudah Indonesia merdeka, bangunan ko pernah pulo digunoan sabagai kantua kantor Urusan Perumahan, Kantua Urusan Agama (1964-1970), hinggo Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat Sementara (MPRS) pado maso kapamimpinan Abdul Haris Nasution. Sasudah MPRS pindah ka daerah Senayan, bangunan tu diwakafan ka Angkatan 66 Yonif Yo Sudarso untuak digunoan sabagai tampek baribadah.
Salamo kurang labih 17 taun, bangunan ko hanyo dijadian tampek ibadah tanpa adonyo status Musajik. Baru pado zaman pamarintahan Gubernur Ali Sadikin, bagunan ko dirasmian sabagai musajik tingkek provinsi jo dapek surek kaputusannyo SK 5184/1987 tanggal 18 Agustus 1987.
Musajik Cut Meutia dibawah dinas museum jo sijarah dek kareno sajak taun 1961 resmi manjadi bangunan nan dilindungi manjadi bagunan sabagai cagar budayo. Paruntukannyo dapek barubah, namun bantuak bangunannyo indak buliah diubah, hanyo buliah dipelokan.
Musajik Tauhid Pincuran Tujuh

Musajik Tauhid Pincuran Tujuh adolah musajik nan talatak di Jorong Pincuran Tujuh, Nagari Tanjung Bonai Aur Selatan, Kecamatan Sumpur Kudus, Kabupaten Sijunjung. Musajik iko marupokan benda cagar budaya di Kabupaten Sijunjung dek karano Musajik iko manjadi tampek basajarah dalam pambantukan Kabupaten Sawahlunto/Sijunjung (Sekarang Sijunjung) pado tahun 1949.
Daftar Cagar Budaya di Kabupaten Sijunjung

Daftar Cagar Budaya di Kabupaten Sijunjung ko mamuek Cagar Budaya nan barado di Kabupaten Sijunjung, Sumatera Barat. Daftar Cagar Budaya ko dibuek badasarkan kapado data nan ado di Balai Pelestarian Cagar Budaya Provinsi Sumatera Barat.Ado 19 Cagar Budaya nan tadapek di Kabupaten Sijunjung barikuik diantaronyo:
Musajik Rayo Ampek Lingkuang

Musajik Rayo Ampek Lingkuang talatak di Nagari Balah Hilia, Kecamatan Lubuk Alung, Kabupaten Padang Pariaman, Indonesia. Musajik iko bamulo tagak pado tahun 1850. Lokasinyo kurang labiah 1 km dari Jalan Raya Padang–Bukittinggi.
Musajik iko tagak di lahan salueh 2.500 meter persegi. Bangunannyo tabuek dari campuran bata, mortar, jo batu dengan atok babahan seng. Bantuak Musajik Rayo Ampek Lingkuang punyo kamiripan jo musajik-musajik saisuak lainnyo di Minangkabau. Hal iko ditandoi dengan bangunan utamo nan denahnyo bujur sangkar, atoknyo babantuak limas balenggek-lenggek, jo lantai nan dinaiakan.
Musajik iko banamo "Ampek Lingkuang" dek ado ampek kaum di sinan nan ikuik basarayo dalam pambangunan musajik. Ampek kaum nan tun iyolah Balah Hilia, Singguliang, Sungai Abang, jo Koto Buruak. Mereka bamupakaik managakan musajik di daerah Balah Hilia untuak mamudahan masyarakaik baibadah dalam manjalanan kewajiban agamo.
Walaupun umua musajik tagolong tuo, Musajik Rayo Ampek Lingkuang masih manjadi tampek kagiatan agamo sampai kini, takah acara mauluk (maulid nabi) jo majelis taklim sarato tampek musyawarah masyarakaik satampek.
Katidiang

Katidiang adolah karanjang nan biasonyo tabuek dari anyaman buluah ataupun anyaman pandan. Bantuak jo ukuran katidiang baragam. Mulai dari nan bantuaknyo bulek, samo bantuak ateh jo bawahnyo. Ado juo nan bantuak bawahnyo sagi ampek, nan bagian atehnyo babantuak bulek. Katidiang baragam gunonyo, bisa tampek mambaok barang-barang nan ka dijua ka pasa, cando buah-buahan, mulai dari ubi, pisang, karambia, ambutan, jo nan lainnyo. Indak hanyo sabagai karanjang untuak pai manggaleh, katidiang juo digunoan untuak maituang pandapatan padi katiko manyabik, biasonyo disabuik kambuik (mangambuikti padi). Katidiang jadi tampek maukua banyaknyo dapek padi katiko urang turun kasawah. Salain itu katidiang digunoan juo untuak acara arak padi, dimano arak padi adolah acara sasudah musim manyabik, sabagai tando syukur untuak basidakah ka musajik.
Musajik Al-Hakim Padang

Musajik Al-Hakim Padang adolah sabuah musajik babantuak Taj Mahal di tapi Pantai Padang, Kota Padang, Sumatra Barat, Indonesia. Musajik iko mulai dibangun pado awal 2017. Biayo pembangunannyo barasa dari saurang donatur, samantaro lahannyo diagih dek Pemerintah Kota Padang sabagai bagian dari panataan Pantai Padang nan dilakuan sajak 2014.
Lahan musajik iko dulunyo marupoan area pamainan anak dan dipenuhi tenda-tenda pedagang kaki lima. Pado 2016, saurang donatur manyampaian nieknyo untuak managakan musajik di tapi pantai. Berkat pendekatan nan dilakuan pamarentah satampek, pedagang namuah direlokasi ka tampek baru sahinggo pambangunan musajik dapek dikarajoan.
Sajak 4 September 2020, Musajik Al-Hakim Padang alah dibuka terbatas untuak aktivitas ibadah dengan manerapan protokol kasehatan COVID-19. Menuruik rancano, musajik akan diresmikan pado November 2020.
Lingeri

Pado bidang tata busana, Lingerie (UK /ˈlæ̃ʒəri,_ˈlɒnʔ/, US /ˌlɒnʒəˈreɪ,_ˌlænʒəˈriː/, French: [lɛ̃ʒʁi] ( danga)) adolah kategori pakaian batino (tamasuak pakaian dalam, pakaian tidua jo jubah tipih) nan manyiratkan basonyo pakaian tasebuik manarik, modis ataupun kaduonyo.
Lingeri tabuek dari kain ringan, elastis, haluih, tipih, ataupun dekoratif layaknyo kain suto, satin, spandex, sifon atau renda. Lingeri dapek juo tabuek dari serat alami ajak suto atau kapeh, ataupun serat sintetis saroman poliester atau nilon.
Media tantang Lingeri di Wikimedia Commons
Sufisme

Sufisme (bahaso Arab: صوفية, translit. ṣufiyyah‎) atau tasawuf (bahaso Arab: تصوف, translit. taṣawwuf‎) adolah sebuah praktik keagamaan nan dijumpai dalam Islam nan dicirikan dengan fokus pado pemurnian Islam, spiritualitas, ritualisme, jo pertapaan. Di Indonesia, praktik iko disabuik juo jo suluk.
Buya Hamka maartian tasawuf sebagai "kalua dari budi pekerti nan buruak dan masuak ka budi pekerti nan elok".
Ada babarapo sumber perihal etimologi dari kato "Sufi". Pandangan nan umum adolah kata itu barasa dari Suf (صوف), bahaso Arab untuk wol, marujuak kapado jubah sederhana nan dipakai dek para asetik Muslim. Namun, indak sado Sufi mamakai jubah atau pakaian dari wol. Ado juo nan bapandapaik bahasonyo sufi barasa dari kato saf, yakni barisan dalam sholat. Ciek teori etimologis nan lain manyatoan bahasonyo akar kata dari Sufi adolah Safa (صفا), nan berarti "kamurnian". Hal iko maagiah panekanan Sufisme pado kamurnian hati jo jiwa. Teori lain mangecekan bahasonyo tasawuf barasa dari kato Yunani, theosofie nan bararti ilmu katuhanan.
Maha Vihara Maitreya

Maha Vihara Maitreya is a Buddhist temple in Medan, North Sumatra, claimed to be the largest modern Buddhist temple in Indonesia. It is often called Vihara Cemara Asri because it is located in the housing complex of Cemara Asri. The temple was built in 1991 on an area of 4.5 hectares and was inaugurated on August 21, 2008.
Maha Vihara Maitreya was built as a place of worship for Buddhists adherent in Medan in particular, and North Sumatra in general, given the large number of ethnic Chinese living in the city. In accordance with its name, Maitreya, this temple is thick with the teachings of Maitreya Buddha.
The temple is divided into three main sections. In the first there is a common Baktisala that is a place of worship of Buddha Sakyamuni, Bodhisattva and the Bodhisattva Satyakalama Avolokitesvara. The building has a capacity of 1,500 people. In the second building of the Maitreya Baktisala area with a capacity of 2,500 people. In this section there are also has Baktisala Holy Patriarch. There is also a banquet hall as a special dining room reception. The third is a meeting hall with a capacity of 2,000 people. All the buildings have a guesthouse, one of which has the additional facilities of office space, meeting rooms, recording studios and a communal kitchen.
The temple is decorated with various statues and reliefs of dragons and mythical animals. There is also a floating teapot fountain.
Nina Grieg

Nina Hagerup Grieg (1845–1935) var en norsk sopran.
Nina Grieg var kusine til Edvard Grieg (1843–1907), og de to giftet seg 11. juni 1867 i København. Ekteparet opptrådte ofte sammen på konserter i Europa, og fikk svært gode kritikker. Nina Grieg ble dessuten anerkjent som en svært sensitiv tolker av mannens sanger. Den engelske komponisten Frederick Delius dediserte to sett med sanger til henne i årene 1888–1890.
Nina Griegs stemme er bevart på to voksruller med meget dårlig teknisk kvalitet, innspillingene er utgitt på platemerket Simax.
Etter Griegs død i 1907 bosatte Nina Grieg seg i Danmark.
Morten Gjerde

Morten André Gjerde (født 7. august 1964 på Notodden) er en norsk fotograf med bakgrunn fra kulturfeltet.
Han er best kjent for sine dokumentarprosjekter, og jobber også mye med gatefotografi og uposerte hverdagshendelser i det offentlige rom. Profilerte prosjekter er blant annet «Odda Smelteverk» (2005) og flere prosjekter rundt temaet «Mississippi» (1998 – 2018). Han jobbet også gjennom flere år med prosjektet «Albino Aid», som var et dokumentar-prosjekt om albinisme i afrikanske land, og da særskilt Malawi. Foruten flere utstillinger i inn og utland har han bidratt på platecoverproduksjoner for norske og internasjonale artister.
Han var engasjert i Norges Røde Kors Hjelpekorps i perioden 1980-1995. I perioden 1990-1995 var han sentral i utarbeidelsen og innføringen av normerte kvalitetskrav for drift, ledere og medlemmer av Røde Kors Hjelpekorps på landsbasis i Norge. For dette arbeidet mottok han Norges Røde Kors Hjelpekorps Hedersplatte.
Gjerde var styremedlem i Notodden Blues Festival fra 1996 - 2000. I 2000 var han med å stifte plateselskapet Bluestown Records.
Pat Boone

Charles Eugene «Pat» Boone (født 1. juni 1934 i Jacksonville i Florida i USA) er en amerikansk artist og skuespiller. Han var spesielt populær på 1950-tallet og tidlig på 1960-tallet. Han solgte over 45 millioner plater, hadde 38 Top 40-hits i USA og opptrådte i mer enn 12 Hollywood-filmer. Boone har fremdeles Billboard-rekorden med 220 uker for flest sammenhengende uker på hitlistene med én eller flere sanger.
I 1953 giftet Boone seg med Shirley Lee Foley (født 24. april 1934), datter til countrymusikk-artisten Red Foley og Judy Martin. De har fire døtre: Cheryl Lynn, Linda Lee, Deborah Ann (bedre kjent som Debby), og Laura Gene.
Pat Boone er en konservativ kristen, og på 1960-tallet begynte han å konsentrere seg mer og mer om å synge gospelsanger. Han er votert inn i gospelmusikkens Hall of fame.
Når det gjelder filmroller, har han takket nei til roller der han følte han måtte gå på akkord med sin kristne tro. Av den grunn takket han i sin tid nei til å spille i en film med Marilyn Monroe som motspiller.
I en av de første filmene hans, April Love, ville regissøren at han skulle gi sin motspiller Shirley Jones et kyss, som ikke sto i manus i utgangspunktet. Dette var Pat Boone skeptisk til, og sa han først måtte spørre sin kone om det var greit for henne. Da hun sa ja, leverte han sitt første "filmkyss".
Singler som lå på toppen av Billboard Hot 100:
Boone har medvirket i følgende filmer:
Clemens Brentano

Clemens Wenzeslaus Brentano de La Roche (født 8. september 1778, død 28. juli 1842) var en tysk poet og forfatter. Ved siden av Achim von Arnim var han den viktigste representanten for Heidelberg-romantikerne.
Han var andre sønn av Frankfurt am Main-kjøpmannen Peter Anton Brentano (fra slekten Brentano di Tremezzo) og Maximiliane von La Roche, en av Goethes ungdomsforelskelser.
Brentano studerte i Halle og Jena, og bosatte seg senere i Heidelberg, Wien og Berlin. Han var en nær venn av Christoph Martin Wieland, Johann Gottfried von Herder, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Friedrich Schlegel, Johann Gottlieb Fichte og Ludwig Tieck.
I 1801 flyttet han til Göttingen, og ble kjent med Achim von Arnim. I 1804 flyttet han igjen til Heidelberg og arbeidet med Arnim med Zeitungen für Einsiedler og Des Knaben Wunderhorn. I årene mellom 1808 og 1818 levde han mest i Berlin, og fra 1819 til 1824 i Dülmen i Westfalen.
Til hans tallrike søsken hørte Bettina Brentano, Georg Brentano, Christian Brentano, Sophie Brentano, Ludovica Brentano («Lulu»), Kunigunde Brentano («Gunda»), som var gift med den romantiske rettsteoretikeren Friedrich Carl von Savigny, samt Magdalene («Meline») Brentano (gift von Guaita).
Undine (roman)

Undine er en roman fra 1811 av Friedrich de la Motte Fouqué om en vann-ånd ved navn Undine, som gifter seg med ridderen Huldebrand for å bli tildelt en sjel. Romanen tilhører den tidlige epoken av den tyske romantikken, og er blitt oversatt til engelsk og en rekke andre språk. Den var svært populær på 1800-tallet. I 1843 ble den omtalt av The Times som «en bok som du er garantert å finne utlånt, blant alle de andre, dersom du ber om den i et utenlandsk bibliotek.» Fortellingen, som bærer likhetstrekk med Den lille havfrue av Hans Christian Andersen, bygger i stor grad på det franske folke-eventyret om Melusine, en vann-ånd som gifter seg med en ridder på den betingelse at han aldri får lov til å møte henne på lørdager, når hun antar formen til en havfrue. Fortellingen er også inspirert av en tekst av Paracelsus, og romanen hentet sin tittel fra Undinene, som av Paracelsus ble beskrevet som vannets elementærånder.
En uforkortet engelsk utgave av romanen ble utgitt i 1909, med illustrasjoner av Arthur Rackham. Undine var en av de mest elskede barnebøker for mange barn på 1800-tallet. Den skotske poeten George Macdonald beskrev Undine som «den aller vakreste» av alle eventyr-fortellinger. I The Daisy Chain (1856) av Charlotte Mary Yonge, såvel som i Little Women (1868–1869) av Louisa May Alcott, finnes varianter av den samme fortellingen.
Den første fremføringen av Undine var E.T.A. Hoffmanns opera i 1814. Den kom til gjennom et samarbeid mellom Hoffmann, som komponerte partituret og Friedrich de la Motte Fouqué, som anvendte sitt eget verk i en libretto. Operaen fikk en rosende kritikk. Carl Maria von Weber beundret den som en type komposisjoner som tyskere ønsket, «et kunstverk som er fullbyrdet i seg selv, hvori delvise bidrag fra beslektede og medvirkende kunstarter smelter sammen, opphører, og ved sitt opphør på en måte former en ny verden.»
Lee H. Hamilton

Lee Herbert Hamilton (født 20. april 1931 i Daytona Beach i Florida i USA) er en amerikansk politiker og tidligere kongressrepresentant med en fartstid på 34 år i Den amerikanske kongressen. Han var viseformann for 9/11-kommisjonen, og medlem i presidentens Homeland Security Advisory Council.
Lee Hamilton vokste opp i og gikk på offentlige skoler i Evansville. Deretter studerte han ved DePauw University i Greencastle til 1952. I 1952 og 1953 fortsatte han studiene ved Goethe-universitetet i Frankfurt am Main. Etter å ha studert jus ved Indiana University og blitt tatt opp i advokatstanden i 1956, begynte han å arbeide i dette yrket.
Politisk meldte Hamilton seg inn i Det demokratiske parti. Mellom 1960 og 1963 var han kasserer for partiets ungdomsorganisasjon i Bartholomew County. Han ledet deretter denne organisasjonen i 1963 og 1964.
Ved kongressvalget i 1964 ble Hamilton valgt inn i det amerikanske Representantenes hus i Washington, D.C. for Indianas niende valgdistrikt - han etterfulgte republikaneren Earl Wilson den 3. januar 1965. Etter 16 gjenvalg var han i stand til å fullføre totalt 17 lovperioder i kongressen innen 3. januar 1999. Denne perioden omfattet blant annet slutten på Vietnamkrigen og borgerrettighetsbevegelsen samt Watergate-saken. De 25., 26. og 27. endringer i grunnloven ble også ratifisert på den tiden.
Fra 1985 til 1987 ledet Hamilton etterretningskomiteen; fra 1987 til 1989 var han leder av spesialkomiteen som undersøkte den ulovlige våpenhandelen med Iran. Deretter overtok han formannskapet i Den blandede økonomiske komité mellom 1989 og 1991. Mellom 1993 og 1995 var Hamilton leder av utenrikskomiteen.
I 1998 bestemte han seg for ikke å stille til gjenvalg.
Mellom 2002 og 2004 var Hamilton nestleder i undersøkelseskommisjonen for terrorangrepene 11. september 2001 og var derfor medansvarlig for dens 9/11-kommisjonsrapport fra 2004. For dette ble han tildelt Four Freedoms Award i 2005. Han fungerte senere som medformann for Baker Commission, som ble opprettet av kongressen i 2006 for å gi en uavhengig vurdering av situasjonen i Irak og anbefalinger for fremtidige retningslinjer og handlinger.
I 2008 støttet Hamilton Barack Obamas presidentkampanje.
Syv år senere tildelte Obama ham Presidential Medal of Freedom.
Han har også vært et valgt medlem av American Academy of Arts and Sciences siden 2006.
I 1989 ble han tildelt Lucius D. Clay-medaljen.
Off the Ground

Off the Ground er et musikkalbum med Paul McCartney, utgitt den 1. februar 1993. Albumet lå åtte uker på VG-lista og endte med 2.-plass som beste plassering. Albumet ble også utgitt som dobbelt-CD i Japan og Nederland med tittelen Off the Ground: The Complete Works.
Alle sangene er skrevet av Paul McCartney, unntatt hvor annet er notert
Frederick Robinson

Frederick John Robinson (født 1. november 1782, død 28. januar 1859), kjent som lord Goderich, var en britisk politiker og Storbritannias statsminister fra august 1827 til januar 1828. Robinson representerte Tory-partiet.
Han var sønn av Thomas Robinson og far til George Robinson.
Da statsminister George Canning døde i 1827 ble Robinson ny statsminister, men han klarte ikke å holde sammen Cannings koalisjon av moderate toryer og whigs. Han trakk seg som statsminister etter 144 dager og er den statsministeren i Storbritannia som har hatt tittelen kortest av de som ikke har dødd i embedet.
Etter statsministerposten var han i kabinettet til både Charles Grey og Robert Peel.
Robinson er mannen med hatt i bildet Trappen i kunstnerens Londonresidens.
Peer Gynt (Grieg)

Peer Gynt, Op. 23, is the incidental music to Henrik Ibsen's 1867 play Peer Gynt, written by the Norwegian composer Edvard Grieg in 1875. It premiered along with the play on 24 February 1876 in Christiania (now Oslo).
Grieg later created two suites from his Peer Gynt music. Some of the music from these suites has received coverage in popular culture.
Edvard Grieg (1843–1907) was one of the definitive leaders of Scandinavian music. Although he composed many short piano pieces and chamber works, the work Grieg did for this play by Ibsen stood out. Originally composing 90 minutes of orchestral music for the play, he later went back and extracted certain sections for the suites. Peer Gynt's travels around the world and distant lands are represented by the instruments Grieg chooses to use.
When Ibsen asked Grieg to write music for the play in 1874, he reluctantly agreed. However, it was much more difficult for Grieg than he imagined, as he wrote to a friend:
Nina Grieg, his wife, wrote of Edvard and his music:
Even though the premiere was a "triumphant success", it prompted Grieg to complain bitterly that the Swedish management of the theatre had given him specifications as to the duration of each number and its order:
For many years, the suites were the only parts of the music that were available, as the original score was not published until 1908, one year after Grieg's death, by Johan Halvorsen.
Various recordings have been made of this music. Some recordings that claim to contain the complete incidental music have 33 selections; the recording conducted by Ole Kristian Ruud is split into 49 items. Both recordings include several verses from the drama, read by actors.
The original score contains 26 movements: Movements indicated in bold were extracted by Grieg into two suites.
The complete score of the incidental music includes several songs and choral pieces. The complete score was believed to be lost until the 1980s and has been performed in its entirety only since then. (See the article on Ibsen's play for a list of notable productions, including concert performances of the incidental music.)
It was originally orchestrated for: one piccolo, two flutes, two oboes, two clarinets in A, two bassoons, four horns in E, two trumpets in E, three trombones, a tuba, timpani, cymbals, bass drum, triangle, harp, and strings.
Over a decade after composing the full incidental music for Peer Gynt, Grieg extracted eight movements to make two four-movement suites. The Peer Gynt suites are among his best-known works, although they began as incidental compositions. Suite No. 1, Op. 46 was published in 1888, and Suite No. 2, Op. 55 was published in 1893. A typical rendition of both suites lasts 20 to 35 minutes.
Originally, the second suite had a fifth number, The Dance of the Mountain King's Daughter, but Grieg withdrew it.
Ola Gjeilo

Ola Gjeilo (/ˈjeɪloʊ/ YAY-loh, Norwegian: [ˈûːlɑ ˈjæ̀ɪlʊ]; born May 5, 1978) is a Norwegian composer and pianist in the United States.
He writes choral music, and has written for piano and wind symphony, publishing through Walton Music, Edition Peters, and Boosey and Hawkes.
Ola Gjeilo was born to Inge and Anne-May Gjeilo, and grew up in Skui, Norway. He began playing piano and composing when he was five years old and learned to read music when he was seven years old. Gjeilo studied classical composition with Wolfgang Plagge. In his undergraduate career, Gjeilo studied at the Norwegian Academy of Music (1999–2001), transferred to the Juilliard School (2001), and studied at the Royal College of Music, London (2002–2004) to receive a bachelor's degree in composition. He continued his education at Juilliard (2004–06) where he received his master's degree in 2006, also in composition. From 2009 to 2010, Gjeilo was composer-in-residence for Phoenix Chorale.
He currently resides in Manhattan, working as a freelance composer. He is currently composer-in-residence with DCINY and Albany Pro Musica.
Note: Piano performed by Ola Gjeilo on all albums.
Choral:
Piano:
Edvard Hagerup Bull (composer)

Edvard Hagerup Bull (10 June 1922 – 15 March 2012) was a Norwegian composer.
He was born in Bergen. He grew up in Jar outside Oslo in a musical and politically active family, the son of Sverre Hagerup Bull and his wife Aldis Jebsen. His paternal grandfather was politician and judge Edvard Hagerup Bull. During September 1955 he married Anna Kvarme.
Bull studied at the Norwegian Academy of Music in Oslo and at the Conservatoire de Paris where he won the 1952 Prix de Composition Musicale. He was awarded the prize for musical composition from the Conservatoire National Supérieur de Musique de Paris. He had additional training with the Austrian-born musicologist, Josef Rufer. Other teachers include Jean Rivier and Olivier Messiaen. His teacher Darius Milhaud described him as "a musician with a solid technique and a truly very enthralling, vigorous and highly imaginative personality".
Edvard Hagerup Bull became a notable composer. He wrote two operas and thirty orchestral works and chamber music.
Max Abraham (publisher)

Max Abraham (June 3, 1831 – December 8, 1900) was a German music publisher.
Born in Danzig, Abraham became a partner in the C.F. Peters publishing house in 1863, taking over as its sole proprietor in 1880. He founded its Edition Peters, and was succeeded as head of the firm by his nephew, Henri Hinrichsen.
In 1873, Abraham acquired an undeveloped property on Leipziger Talstrasse and had the architect Otto Brückwald build a residential and commercial building on it. In 1874, this became the headquarters of the music publisher CF Peters. In this house there is now an Edvard Grieg memorial. In 1893, Max Abraham donated the Peters Music Library in Leipzig, which opened on January 2, 1894. It is considered the first of its kind in Germany and was an inspiration for Wilhelm Altmann to create an even more comprehensive collection
He died in Leipzig by committing suicide.
Edvard Grieg – mennesket og kunstneren

Edvard Grieg – mennesket og kunstneren (Edvard Grieg. The Man and the Artist) is a biography of Norwegian composer Edvard Grieg, written by Finn Benestad and Dag Schjelderup-Ebbe in 1980.
The book treats the life and works of Edvard Grieg, and includes a comprehensive list of Grieg's works with incipits.
The book earned Benestad and Schjelderup-Ebbe the Edvard Grieg Prize in 1981. The biography, originally written in Norwegian language, was translated into Russian in 1986 by Nicolay Mochov. An English edition, Edvard Grieg. The Man and the Artist, came in 1988, translated by William H. Halverson and Leland B. Sateren and published by University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln/London. A German edition was published in 1993. A second, revised edition was issued in 1990. Changes in the second edition include material based on a large collection of Grieg's manuscripts and letters rediscovered in New York City in 1984, saved from Nazi Germany in the 1930s.
Griegprisen

Griegprisen (established 1972 in Bergen, Norway) is awarded by the Edvard Grieg Museum Troldhaugen to a Norwegian musician, conductor or musicologist who in a special way have communicated the music of Edvard Grieg. It has also been awarded an extraordinary five times to people who have made a special effort to Edvard Grieg and Troldhaugen. The prize is awarded every year on the birthday of Edvard Grieg, 15 June.
Jack Robinson (mythical person)

Jack Robinson is a name present in two common figures of speech. When referring to Jack Robinson, it is used to represent quickness. In contrast, the phrase "(A)round Jack Robinson's barn" has the opposite connotation, implying slowness, as it is often used to refer to circumlocution, circumvention, or doing things in roundabout or unnecessarily complicated ways.
Multiple citations explain references to Jack Robinson as meaning quickness of thought or deed. The normal usage is, "(something is done) faster than you can say Jack Robinson", or otherwise, "before you can say Jack Robinson". The phrase can be traced back to the eighteenth century.
The similar phrase, "Before you can say 'Knife!'", dates from at least 1850, when it appeared in Charles Dickens' Household Words.
In the late nineteenth century we have Sooner than ye'll say "Jock Hector!", He'll them describe or draw their picture.
In contrast, the phrase "(A)round Jack Robinson's barn" has the opposite connotation, implying slowness, as it is often used to refer to circumlocution, circumvention, or doing things in roundabout or unnecessarily complicated ways. In response to an inquiry by Ken Greenwald (a forum moderator at WordWizard), Joan Houston Hall (Editor of the Dictionary of American Regional English (DARE) project at the University of Wisconsin at Madison) researched the term's etymology. Her findings are listed below, chronologically.
Examples
Variant Hall also found numerous references to a more common variant, "Robin Hood's barn", which she noted can be found in the Dictionary of American Regional English, Vol. 4, page 608.
Braised rice

Braised Osikapa bụ ụdị osikapa esi esi nri ndị Ghana . A maara ya dị ka angwa moo n'asụsụ Akan, n'ụzọ nkịtị "oil rice" ma ọ bụ omɔ kɛ fɔ (omor ker for) n'asụsụ Ga . A na-eji ihe ole na ole kwadebe ya. na a na-enwekarị itule na ụfọdụ akwụkwọ nri na ihe ọ bụla ọzọ na-eso ụzọ itule nri . A na-eji osikapa e ghere eghe mee ihe na ose ala ma ọ bụ shito, ma jiri àkwá eghe eghe, omelette ma ọ bụ sardine mee ihe.
osikapa esi esi nri ndị Ghana . A maara ya dị ka angwa moo n'asụsụ Akan, n'ụzọ nkịtị "oil rice
Steven Dexter

Steven Dexter (amụrụ n'August 26, 1962) bụ onye nduzi ihé nke nkiri na onye edemede.
A mụrụ Dexter na South Africa, mgbe ahụ ọ kwagara London na 1984 wee gụọ oku akwụkwọ praịmarị na London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art .
N'afọ 2003, ọ duziri Peter Pan na The Pirates of Penzance, na-egwu egwu na tna Savoy Theatre, London.
Mmepụta ya nke La Cava (akwụkwọ nke Dana Broccoli, okwu nke John Claflin na Shaun McKenna, egwu na nwunye anya na ọmarịcha nke Laurence O'Keefe na Stephen Keeling) si na Churchill Theatre, Bromley gaa na Victoria Palace Theatre, London, na 2000, na-agafe na Piccadilly Theatre na 2001.
N'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2012, e zigara mmepụta oyiri ọbịa ya nke Loserville na Garrick Theatre, London, na mmepụta n'etiti Kevin Wallace Productions, West Yorkshire Playhouse, TC Beech na Youth Music Theatre UK (nke bụzi British Youth Music Theatre).
Dị ka onye na-ede akwụkwọ, o so dee na nkebi nke ọbọdọ na mpaghara Maddie, (ya na Shaun McKenna, egwu Stephen Keeling), nke Kenny Wax Productions mepụtara, nke e wegara na Lyric Theatre, Shaftesbury Avenue na 1997 ma duzie yaỊhụnanya! Ịhụnanya!, nke e zigara na Gielgud Theatre, London, n'otu afọ ahụ.
Ọ duziri mmalite ụwa na 2007 revival nke Olivier Award na-emeri egwu Honk! na Watermill Theatre, Newbury. Na Derby, ọ duziri mmalite ụwa nke The Pros, The Cons and a Screw na 2009. N'afọ 2009, ọ duziri ihe méré ótù nkiri Miami ngosi ụwa nke egwu ọhụrụ, Loserville: The Musical for Youth Music Theatre UK, nke James Bourne na Elliot Davis dere.
Dexter rụrụ ọrụ nke ukwuu maka Ụlọ Egwuregwu Habima, Ụlọ Egwuregwu Mba Israel, na-eduzi Honk! (2000), Mary-Lou (2002), The Full Monty (2003), Shirley Valentine (2005) na High School Musical (2008). Na Singapore, o duziri Forbidden City: Portrait of An Empress (2002) (nke ya na Stephen Clark na Dick Lee jikọrọ aka) na Fried Rice Paradise (2010).
Osikàpà

Osikapa bụ mkpụrụ nke ụdị ahịhịa Oryza sativa (osikapa Eshia) ma ọ bụ Oryza glaberrima (osikọta Afrịka). A na-ejikarị aha osikapa ọhịa eme ihe maka ụdị nke Zizania na Porteresia, ma nke ọhịa ma nke ụlọ, ọ bụ ezie na a pụkwara iji okwu ahụ mee ihe maka ụdị Oryza mbụ ma ọ bụ nke a na-akọghị.
Dị ka ọka ọka, osikapa a na-azụ na ulọ bụ nri a na-eri na ọtụtụ ebe maka ihe karịrị ọkara nke ndị mmadụ na uwa, ọkachasị na Eshia na Africa. Ọ bụ ngwaahịa ugbo nke nwere mmepụta nke atọ kachasị elu na uwa, na-esote okpete na ọka. Ebe ọ bụ na a na-eji akụkụ buru ibu nke okpete na ọka eme ihe maka ebumnuche ndị ọzọ na-abụghị oriri mmadụ, osikapa bụ ihe oriri kachasị mkpa n'ihe gbasara nri na-edozi ahụ na nri calorie mmadụ, na-enye ihe karịrị otu ụzọ n'ụzọ ise nke calories ụmụ mmadụ riri n'ụwa niile. E nwere ọtụtụ ụdị osikapa na nri na-adịgasị iche na mpaghara.
Ụzọ ọdịnala maka ịkọ osikapa bụ ịba na ubi mgbe, ma ọ bụ mgbe, na-etinye mkpụrụ osisi. Usoro a dị mfe chọrọ atụmatụ ịgba mmiri nke ọma mana ọ na-ebelata uto nke ahịhịa na-esighị ike na osisi na-egbu egbu nke na-enweghị ọnọdụ uto na ime mmiri, ma na-egbochi vermin. Ọ bụ ezi ya na idei mmiri abụghị iwu maka ịkọ osikapa, ụzọ ndị ọzọ niile nke ịgba mmiri chọrọ mgbalị dị elu na ahịhịa na nchịkwa ahụhụ n'oge oge uto na ụzọ dị iche maka ime ka ala ahụ bụrụ nri.
Braised Osikapa

Braised Osikapa bụ ụdị osikapa esi esi nri ndị Ghana . A maara ya dị ka angwa moo n'asụsụ Akan, n'ụzọ nkịtị "oil rice" ma ọ bụ omɔ kɛ fɔ (omor ker for) n'asụsụ Ga . A na-eji ihe ole na ole kwadebe ya. na a na-enwekarị itule na ụfọdụ akwụkwọ nri na ihe ọ bụla ọzọ na-eso ụzọ itule nri . A na-eji osikapa e ghere eghe mee ihe na ose ala ma ọ bụ shito, ma jiri àkwá eghe eghe, omelette ma ọ bụ sardine mee ihe.
Ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ ọkụkọ e siri esi

Ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ ọkụkọ e ghere eghe bụ ụlọ oriri na ọṅụচল na-eri nri ngwa ngwa, na-ejikarị yinye, nke na-eje ozi (karịsịa) ọkụkọ e ghere eghe- na-abụkarị iberibe ọkụkọ, nke a kụrụ ma ọ bụ bred na nke eghere eghe.
Echiche nke ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ ọkụkọ e ghere eghe sitere na United States. Ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ ndị a nwekwara ike inye ihe oriri ndị ọzọ, dị ka ọkụkọ a ñara na ọkụ ma ọ bụ esiri esi, nri mmiri, ma ọ bụ hamburgers. KFC (nke bụbu Kentucky Fried Chicken) bụ ihe atụ ama ama. Ndị ọzọ gụnyere:
Usoro ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ ọkụkọ e siri esi nke sitere na Canada gụnyere Dixie Lee nke dị na Napanee, Ontario na Mary Brown nke dị na Markham, Ontario. Ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ US nwekwara ụlọ ọrụ na Canada, gụnyere KFC na Popeyes Chicken & Biscuits.
Ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị n'ime obodo nke United Kingdom. United Kingdom nwere otu n'ime ahịa ọkụkọ kachasị ukwuu, nke na-eto ngwa ngwa na nke kachasị dịgasị iche iche n'ụwa, nke nwere ihe dị ka 1,000 ụdị na ụlọ ahịa 1,700. A na-emekarị akara ụlọ ahịa na atụmatụ na-acha ọbara ọbara, ọcha na acha anụnụ anụnụ, ma na-agụnye ihe osise ma ọ bụ ihe osise nke ọkụkọ, yana ihe na-ezo aka na Southern United States.
N'ịbụ ndị a ma ama karịsịa n'ógbè ndị ogbenye na Ndị agbụrụ pere mpe, a katọrọ ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ ọkụkọ e siri esi maka inye aka na nsogbu obodo ukwu. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, onye omeiwu Labour nke Tottenham, David Lammy, ekwuola na mmụba nke nkwonkwo ọkụkọ na-egbochi ọganihu na mpaghara ya. Ndị bi na Waltham Forest na-ahụ ha dị ka "anya ndị na-agba ume omume na-emegide mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya", dị ka ntuli aka si kwuo.
Ka o sina dị, ụfọdụ ndị na-ewere ụlọ ahịa ọkụkọ dị ka ụlọ ọrụ ọdịbendị dị mkpa na UK, ọkachasị maka ndị isi ojii na ndị Eshia. Akụkọ 2017 na Vice tụrụ aro na dị ka ebe nzukọ na ndị na-enye nri dị ọnụ ala, ha na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na agbata obi ndị mmetụta nke austerity na iwu gọọmentị ndị ọzọ mebiri.
Efua Traoré

Efua Traoré bụ onye edemede akụkọ Naijiria-German. O meriri na mpaghara Commonwealth Short Story Prize na 2018 ma họpụta ya maka Waterstones Children's Book Prize na 2022.
A mụrụ Traoré ma zụlite ya n'otu obere obodo dị na ndịda Naịjirịa. Ọ bikwa na France na Germany.
Ọ meriri na mpaghara Africa Commonwealth Short Story Prize maka obere akụkọ ya "True Happiness" na 2018. 'afọ 2019, akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ ya "Children of the Quicksands" meriri The Times/Chicken House Children's Fiction Competition. [1] Ọ depụtakwara akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ maka Waterstones Children's Book Prize na 2022.
Ọ nwetara onyinye akwụkwọ akwụkwọ Munich Literaturreferat YA 2019 maka akwụkwọ akụkọ German ya Die Hüter des Schlafes (Guardians of Sleep)
Tiyan Alile

Tiyan Alile bụ onye isi nri na onye na-ere nri na Naijiria na America. O guzobere Culinary Academy, ụlọ akwụkwọ nri mbụ na Naịjirịa. Ụfọdụ n'ime ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ mbụ ya gụnyere grill na Ibadan Golf Club na ụlọ oriri na ọgbara ọhụrụ nke Naijiria. Ọ bụ onye isi oche nke The Culinary Arts Practitioners Association na Naijiria ugbu a, onye guzobere na onye na-akwalite Culinary Academy na Executive Chef nke Tarragon, ezigbo ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ na klọb mmanya. Ọ na-etinye aka na ịhazi ọtụtụ ihe omume na oghere ile ọbịa na ịnye masterclasses na Fiesta of Flavours Food Fairs, GTBank Food and Drink Fair, Mzansi Culinary Festival (SA).
A mụrụ Alile na Benin City n'aka nna ya bụ dọkịta ebe nne ya bụ onye ọka ikpe. Mgbe ọ nwetasịrị nzere bachelọ na iwu ma rụọ ọrụ na iwu azụmaahịa ruo afọ iri, ọ banyere n'ụlọ ọrụ nri na afọr 1993 na-ewulite na ahụmịhe kichin ya na nne ya, na-eme achịcha na grills barbecue. Ọ laghachiri n'ụlọ akwụkwọ n'afọ 2012 iji zụọ ọrụ nri na Academia de Cuisine .
N'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, Alile nwere ụlọ ahịa kuki a na-akpọ Tea Time Cupcakes. Ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ na nka nri na afọr 1999 mgbe ọ malitere ụlọ grill na Ibadan Golf Club aha ya bụ Tees Hot Bites . Afọ anọ ka e mesịrị, na afọr 2003, ọ meghere ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ Naijiria a na-akpọ Matchsticks Concepts mgbe ọ bụ onye na-ede akwụkwọ nri maka Genevieve Magazine. N'afọ 2015, Tiyan malitere ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ ya a na-akpọ Tarragon (nke akpọrọ aha ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ kachasị amasị ya), nke malitere dị ka klọb nri abalị.
Alile bụ onye dere akwụkwọ ahụ, Tale in a pie, nke a kọwara dị ka "akwụkwọ akụkọ kachasị njọ na-esi nri n'ebe ahụ". E wepụtara akwụkwọ ahụ na ọnwa Mee 5, na afọr 2017 ọ haziri ihe omume ọgụgụ akwụkwọ iche iche ma na mpaghara ma na mba ụwa.
N'afọ 2007, Alile malitere ịkụzi nri ma guzobe ụlọ akwụkwọ nri mbụ nke Naịjirịa Culinary Academy na afọr 2012 nke dị na saịtị Lagos, Naịjirị. Mmụta nka nri na-agbaso ụkpụrụ mba ụwa ka ọ na-elekwasị anya na nri dị iche iche nke Naịjirịa. Ọ bụkwa onye isi oche nke Culinary Arts Practitioners Association of Nigeria. Tiyan akụziwo master-classes na Central Johannesburg College ma zụọkwa otu n'ime ụmụ akwụkwọ na academy ya bụ onye a kpọrọ ka ọ sonye na afọr 2016 Young Chef Olympiad na India Na mbipụta na afọr 2016 nke GTBank Food and Drink Fair, Tiyan, ya na ndị isi nri ndị ọzọ, kụziiri ndị na-eto eto na ndị na-achọ isi nri nkà ọhụrụ. N'afọ 2017, ọ malitere ọrụ "ụmụ" ya, asọmpi African Young Chefs Competition (AYCC), ikpo okwu maka ndị na-eto eto na-esi nri n'Afrịka na-elekwasị anya na nri ụmụ amaala Afrịka na mba ụwa.
Alile jere ozi dị ka onye isi oche nke Rotary club nke Victoria Island East site na afọr 2013 ruo na afọr 2014.
Alile enwetala ọtụtụ ihe nrite, gụnyere Luxury Travel Guide Best Restaurant awards, World Luxury Restaurant Award maka nri dị mma na nri ngosi na World Chefs Global Connect.
Delta Corporation

The Delta Corporation is a beer and soft drink company of Zimbabwe. The company is headquartered in Harare and is listed on the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange and its stock index, the Zimbabwe Industrial Index.
Delta's brand names include:
Cultural sponsorship
Delta has two lager breweries, one in Southerton in Harare and Belmont in Bulawayo.
There are 14 Sorghum breweries across Zimbabwe to produce Chibuku which has a short shelf-life and consequently needs to be produced closer to the market. Additional investments were of USD 12 million made at the Chibuku brewery in Chitungwiza, to increase annual production to 1,8 million hectoliters.
A maltings plant was built in Kwe-kwe to produce barley malt from locally grown barley. A smaller sorghum maltings plant in Harare was taken over from the municipality to produce sorghum malt for the Chibuku brand.
Bralima

Brasseries, Limonaderies et Malteries SARL (Bralima), established in 1923 as the Brasserie de Léopoldville, is a brewing company in the Democratic Republic of the Congo which operates six breweries. It has been owned by Heineken International since 1986. It is most notable for its flagship Primus beer but also produces various other alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages.
Bralima produces a wide variety of beers and other beverages, including Primus beer, Mützig, Turbo King, alcohol-free Maltina Energy malt, and many soft drinks which are bottled under license of the Coca-Cola Company.
After World War I, Belgian businessmen came to visit the present Democratic Republic of the Congo to evaluate opportunities to invest in the country. It was understood that the government was interested in producing beer for the local population as the beer produced by the inhabitants themselves caused major health problems. A brewery, which could brew a high quality beer, would improve the current situation. The investors decided to set up a brewery with the support of the Société Congolaise de Banque. On 23 October 1923 the “Brasserie de Léopoldville” (Léopoldville is now Kinshasa) was established for 4.000.000 Congolese francs. The first beer was produced on 27 December 1926.
After 1945 the brewery expanded during an economic boom in the DRC. Stakeholders were more likely to invest, and Bralima decided to implement a decentralized structure. From 1950 to 1958 Bralima decided to retain five breweries in DR Congo: Kinshasa, Boma, Bukavu, Kisangani and Mbandaka.
Majority owned by Heineken since 1986, Bralima has attracted scrutiny for alleged links with corrupt government figures, and with rebel leaders in the long-running, ongoing civil war. Because of fraught security situations in various parts of the country, Bralima employs a private security company, Top SIG, which is a subsidiary of Saracen International, to safeguard its operations.
Bracongo is the competitor of Bralima in the DRC.
Primus beer; Mützig; Turbo King and Guinness under licence.
Primus beer is a 5% abv lager that is brewed in Central Africa. It is brewed in Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Burundi and Rwanda.
Brarudi Brewery

Brarudi S.A., also known by its French name Brasseries et Limonaderies du Burundi, is the largest brewer and soft beverage company in the Republic of Burundi.
The history of Brarudi goes back to 1955 when the management of the breweries of the Belgian Congo, then under the management of Brasseries de Leopoldville (now Bralima Brewery), decided to build a brewery in the Eastern region to server Ruanda-Urundi and Eastern Congo. The city of Usumbura (now Bujumbura), on the northern shores of Lake Tanganyika, was selected to house the new brewery, Brasserie du Rwanda-Urundi. The brewery became operational on December 23, 1955 and began producing Primus Beer.
In November 1957, Bralima started construction on a second brewery in Gisenyi on the northern shores of Lake Kivu under the name Brasseries et Limonaderies du Rwanda.
Upon independence, Bralima was incorporated in Congo Léopoldville, Brarudi in Burundi and Bralirwa in Rwanda.
In 1966, Brarudi diversified into the production of soft drinks. This was through the brewer's partnership with the Coca-Cola Company, making it a bottler for Coca-Cola products. A beverage plant was opened in Gitega for this purpose.
In 1975, the Government of Burundi acquired 40% control of Brarudi while Banque Bruxelles Lambert (BBL) retained its 60% shareholding. BBL exited Brarudi in 1982 through selling its 60% stake to Heineken, a Dutch brewing conglomerate. This made Brarudi a subsidiary of Heineken.
The Moso Sugar Company (SOSUMO) was created on 13 July 1982 as a private law mixed economy company (SARL). The State of Burundi held 21,250 shares, and 100 shares each were held by Brarudi and the Société Burundaise de Financement (SBF).
The shares of stock of the company are privately held. The ownership of the company stock is as depicted in the table below:
The brands manufactured by Brarudi include the following.
청자 (담배)

청자(靑瓷·靑磁)는 한국 전매청가 과거에 판매한 담배이다.
1969년발매함.
당초,한국 최초의 고급담배 알려져, 1970년대에는"청자 피우는 남자한테는 선도 보지 말고 시집가라","담배는 청자,노래는 추자"라는 말이 유행했다.
1970년 당시 성분 함량은 타르 33mg, 니코틴 2.7mg이었다. 같은 시기 유행한 켄트 담배가 타르 13mg, 니코틴 0.7mg이었던 것과 비교했을 때 매우 독한 담배였다.
1998년에 판매 종료함.