davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Adenia hondala

Adenia hondala, commonly known as hondala is a large, tuberous, woody climber which scrambles over other plants. It is found in the Indian subcontinent, including Sri Lanka, and in southeastern Asia. The tuber and the fruit are used as herbal remedies and the plant is used as a cure for snake bites. The caterpillars of several species of butterfly feed on this plant; these include the tawny coster, the clipper, the common cruiser and the Tamil lacewing.
Adenia hondala is a climbing plant growing from a large irregular-shaped tuber. The woody, scrambling stems are thickened at the nodes. The leaves are alternate, with a tendril growing from each node, and these tendrils bear the flowers. The leaves are large and are deeply, palmately divided into three to five lobes; they have circular glands between the lobes. The flowers are greenish-white or bluish-white, each with a bell-shaped tube and five curled-back petals. The fruit is a capsule splitting into three valves with stiff rind and filled with seeds surrounded by fleshy white arils. The fruit is globular, green at first, turning orange as it ripens, and is poisonous. The fruits are poisonous and their resemblance to the fruits of the passion flower has led children to eat it mistakenly.
This plant is native to tropical southeastern Asia, Vietmam and the southwestern part of India and Sri Lanka.
The caterpillars of the tawny coster (Acraea terpsicore), the Tamil lacewing (Cethosia nietneri), the common cruiser (Vindula erota) and the clipper (Parthenos sylvia) feed on this plant.
The young shoots and leaf stalks can be cooked and eaten. The tubers, which are poisonous, have antibacterial and antimicrobial properties and are used in Ayurvedic medicine for the treatment of skin disorders and to treat hernias. The seeds are used to combat the effects of poison, and the tubers are used to make a drug known as "vidari" or "vidaari", although this pharmaceutical is also made from other plants, Ipomoea mauritiana, Pueraria tuberosa and Cycas circinalis. The plant is also used against snake bites.
Adenia hondala is a generally uncommon species. In Tamil Nadu its conservation status is listed as being near threatened while in Kerala and Karnataka it is listed as being vulnerable.
Senna auriculata

Senna auriculata is a leguminous tree in the subfamily Caesalpinioideae. It is commonly known by its local names matura tea tree, avaram or ranawara , (Kannada: ಆವರಿಕೆ āvarike, Marathi: तरवड, Malayalam: ആവര, Sinhala: රණවරා ranawarā,Telugu: తంగేడు taṃgēḍu, Tamil: ஆவாரை āvārai) or the English version avaram senna. It is the State flower of Indian state of Telangana. It occurs in the dry regions of India and Sri Lanka. It is common along the sea coast and the dry zone in Sri Lanka.
Avaram senna is a much branched shrub with smooth cinnamon brown bark and closely pubescent branchlets.
The leaves are alternate, stipulate, paripinnate compound, very numerous, closely placed, rachis 8.8-12.5 cm long, narrowly furrowed, slender, pubescent, with an erect linear gland between the leaflets of each pair, leaflets 16-24, very shortly stalked 2-2.5 cm long 1-1.3 cm broad, slightly overlapping, oval oblong, obtuse, at both ends, mucronate, glabrous or minutely downy, dull green, paler beneath, stipules very large, reniform-rotund, produced at base on side of next petiole into a filiform point and persistent.
Its flowers are irregular, bisexual, bright yellow and large (nearly 5 cm across), the pedicels glabrous and 2.5 cm long. The racemes are few-flowered, short, erect, crowded in axils of upper leaves so as to form a large terminal inflorescence stamens barren; the ovary is superior, unilocular, with marginal ovules.
The fruit is a short legume, 7.5–11 cm long, 1.5 cm broad, oblong, obtuse, tipped with long style base, flat, thin, papery, undulately crimpled, pilose, pale brown. 12-20 seeds per fruit are carried each in its separate cavity.
Senna auriculata is suitable for landscaping roadways and home gardens. It tolerates drought and dry conditions, but not much cold. The flowers in racemes are also attractive.
The plant has been reported to treat hyperglycemia and associated hyperlipidemia
This plant is said to contain a cardiac glucoside (sennapicrin) and sap, leaves and bark yield anthraquinones, while the latter contains tannins.
The root is used in decoctions against fevers, diabetes, diseases of urinary system and constipation. The leaves have laxative properties. The dried flowers and flower buds are used as a substitute for tea in case of diabetes patients. It is also believed to improve the complexion. The powdered seed is also applied to the eye, in case of chronic purulent conjunctivitis. In Africa the bark and seeds are said to give relief in rheumatism, eye diseases, gonorrhea, diabetes and gout.
The plant has been shown to have antibacterial activity in the laboratory.
Passiflora lutea

Passiflora lutea, commonly known as yellow passionflower, is a flowering perennial vine in the family Passifloraceae, native to the central and eastern United States. The vine has three-lobed leaves and small, yellowish-green, fringed flowers that appear in the summer, followed by green fruit that turn almost black at maturity. It grows in moist to wet habitats.
P. lutea is a perennial, herbaceous, climbing or trailing, unbranched vine that can reach 3–5 m (10–16 ft) in length. Curled, springlike tendrils emerging from leaf axils help the vine to climb on structures or other vegetation. The leaves are trilobed, 3–7 cm (1–3 in) long and 3–15 cm (1–6 in) broad, with a 5 cm (2 in) petiole. Leaves have smooth (entire) margins and are alternate on the stem. The upper surface of the leaves is dark green, and may be mottled with splotches of lighter green. In the north of its range, it is deciduous.
The showy flowers appear singly or in pairs on slender flower stalks up to 5 cm (2 in) long. Each flower is 1.5–2.5 cm (0.6–1.0 in) wide with narrow yellowish greenish petals and broader green sepals. The fruit is up to 1.5 cm (0.6 in) long and green, turning dark purple or black when ripe. Each fruit contains up to 10 seeds, which are brown, pointed at each end, and have a textured surface.
P. lutea is very similar to Passiflora suberosa (corkystem passionflower), differentiated by the leaves, which are more variable and generally have deeper lobes in P. suberosa, and the stems, which are corky or winged in P. suberosa. Also, P. suberosa has a more limited range, occurring in Texas and Florida and parts of Latin America. Another similar species is Menispermum canadense (Canadian moonflower), whose leaves are a different shape, with three to seven lobes instead of just three. Also, the fruit of M. canadense grows in clusters and each berry has a single crescent shaped seed.
The genus name Passiflora comes from the Italian word "passio", or suffering, based on an association of the flower parts to the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. The species name luteo is from the Latin word for "yellow", due to the color of the flowers.
P. lutea is native in the United States from Pennsylvania west to Kansas, and south to Florida and Texas. It is the northernmost species of Passiflora, occurring slightly further north than P. incarnata, and tolerant of winter temperatures down to −15 °C, and even −30 °C for short periods.
P. lutea grows in bright shade to sunny places with moist, rich soil, such as open woodlands and low alluvial ground.
Passiflora lutea is considered an endangered species in Pennsylvania.
Yellow passionflower is often good for butterfly gardens, as it is a host for Julia (Dryas iulia), Mexican & Gulf fritillaries butterflies, zebra longwings (Heliconius charitonius) & Crimson-patched longwing (Heliconius erato) butterflies. It is also the only pollen source used by an unusual specialist bee, Anthemurgus passiflorae, which is the sole member of its genus; this rare bee is unusual in that despite its obligate relationship with the plant (oligolecty), it rarely pollinates it.
Piceatannol

Piceatannol is the organic compound with the formula ((HO)2C6H3)2CH)2. Classified as a stilbenoid and a phenol, it is a white solid, although samples often are yellow owing to impurities.
Piceatannol and its glucoside, astringin, are found in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal roots of Norway spruces (Picea abies). It can also be found in the seeds of the palm Aiphanes horrida and in Gnetum cleistostachyum. The chemical structure of piceatannol was established by Cunningham et al. as being an analog of resveratrol.
Piceatannol is a metabolite of resveratrol found in red wine, grapes, passion fruit, white tea, and Japanese knotweed. Astringin, a piceatannol glucoside, is also found in red wine. The formation of piceatannol from resveratrol is catalyzed by cytochrome P450.
A 1989 in vitro study found that piceatannol blocked LMP2A, a viral protein-tyrosine kinase implicated in leukemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and other diseases associated with Epstein–Barr virus. In 2003, this prompted research interest in piceatannol and its effect on these diseases.
Injected in rats, piceatannol shows a rapid glucuronidation and a poor bioavailability, according to a 2006 study.
Piceatannol affect gene expressions, gene functions and insulin action, resulting in the delay or complete inhibition of adipogenesis.
Passion fruit seeds are rich in piceatannol and scirpusin B (dimer of piceatannol) as polyphenols, both of which have been reported to have vasodilating effects in the thoracic aorta and coronary artery of rats. Furthermore, these polyphenols did not increase heart rate (i.e., these polyphenols did not increase oxygen consumption).
Porn star martini

The porn star martini is a passion-fruit-flavoured cocktail made with vodka, Passoã, passion fruit juice, and lime juice. It is traditionally accompanied by a chilled shot glass of champagne. The cocktail was created in 2002 by Douglas Ankrah.
It is not a true martini, but is one of many drinks that incorporate the term martini into their names.
The porn star martini was reported to be the most ordered cocktail in the United Kingdom in November 2018.
The porn star martini was invented by Douglas Ankrah (1970–2021), owner of the LAB London bar in London, United Kingdom, at his bar Townhouse in London in 2002. Ankrah says that the original drink was inspired by a visit to Mavericks Revue Bar Gentlemen's Club, a nude strip club in Cape Town, South Africa.
Although the name has proved controversial, Ankrah denied that he named it to be deliberately provocative. In interviews, Ankrah claimed he used the "porn star" name to evoke "a stylish and confident drink...[that's]...pure indulgence, sexy, fun and evocative". Ankrah also denied being a fan of pornography, or idolising any porn stars in particular.
In 2019, British retailer Marks & Spencer renamed their Porn Star Martini products to Passion Star Martini, following complaints that the name normalised pornography.
Sri Lanka hill myna

The Sri Lanka hill myna or Ceylon myna (Gracula ptilogenys) is a myna, a member of the starling family. This bird is endemic to Sri Lanka.
This passerine is typically found in forest and cultivation. The Sri Lanka myna builds a nest in a hole. The normal clutch is two eggs.
These 25 cm long birds have green-glossed black plumage, purple-tinged on the head and neck. There are large white wing patches, which are obvious in flight. The strong legs are bright yellow, and there are yellow wattles on the nape.
The different shape and position of the wattles and the stouter orange-red bill distinguish this species from the southern hill myna, which also occurs in Sri Lankan forests. The sexes are similar in plumage, but can be distinguished by iris color, which is pale in females and dark in males. Juveniles have a duller bill and smaller wattles, and are less glossy overall.
Like most starlings, the Sri Lanka myna is fairly omnivorous, eating fruit, nectar and insects.
In Sri Lanka, the Myna bird is known in many names including Sela lihiniya, Mal kawadiya, Kampatiya in the Sinhala language. The name Sela Lihiniya is often mentioned in poems and other similar literature and is quoted for its melodious calls. This bird appears in a 10 rupee Sri Lankan postal stamp. It is also the media icon of Sri Lanka Rupavahini Corporation.
Sri Lanka spurfowl

The Sri Lanka spurfowl (Galloperdix bicalcarata) is a member of the pheasant family which is endemic to the dense rainforests of Sri Lanka. In Sri Lanka, this bird is known as haban kukula - හබන් කුකුලා in Sinhala.
It is a very secretive bird, and despite its size is difficult to see as it slips through dense undergrowth. Often the only indication of its presence is its distinctive ringing call, consisting of series of three-syllabled whistles. Kitulgala and Sinharaja are sites where there is a chance of seeing this bird.
This spurfowl is one of three species of bird in the genus Galloperdix. It is a ground nesting bird, which lays 2-5 eggs in a scrape.
Sri Lanka spurfowl is ~ 37 cm long bird. Both sexes have brown upperparts, wings and tail.
The males exhibit vivid crimson red legs and bare facial skin and striking black and white dorsal plumage that extends to its head. There is also extensive white ocellation on the sepia wings and upperback.
The legs of both sexes have multiple metatarsal spurs, which give rise to the specific name. The female has chestnut underparts and a plain brown back and wings. She is more prominently crested than the male.
Sri Lanka spurfowl is a seasonally terrestrial species, like most of its near relatives. It scratches vigorously amongst the leaf litter of the forest floor for invertebrates, especially mollusks and insects. It will also take various seeds, fallen fruit and spiders.
This spurfowl appears in a one rupee Sri Lankan postal stamp.
Elihu Vedder

Elihu Vedder (Nueva York, 26 de febrero de 1836-Roma, Reino de Italia, 29 de enero de 1923) fue un artista y ilustrador estadounidense asociado con el simbolismo. Se le conoce por, entre otras obras, su mural de cinco escenas relacionadas con el Gobierno que se encuentra sobre la entrada al Salón de Lectura principal del edificio principal del Library of Congress, el Thomas Jefferson Building, en Washington,​ y el mosaico representando a Minerva, en el mismo edificio.​ Otras obras suyas, como Las pleyades, pueden verse en el Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Tras estudiar con François Édouard Picot en París,​ Vedder viajó durante dos años por Italia, donde entabló una gran amistad con Giovanni Costa, y otros miembros de los macchiaioli.​ Volvería más tarde a Italia, para residir en Roma y, en 1900, gracias a los importantes ingresos por sus obras, pudo construirse en la isla de Capri una casa veraniega. Está enterrado en el Cementerio protestante de Roma.
Las 55 ilustraciones que Vedder hizo para Houghton Mifflin Harcourt para su edición de lujo del Rubaiyat de Omar Jayam traducido por Edward Fitzgerald le consagró como artista y le aportó importsantes ingresos y más comisiones para obras, incluyendo numerosas piezas para Tiffany.​
La pieza central del mural es Government,​ una representación del Estado ideal, con una placa en la que se puede leer la famosa cita del Discurso de Gettysburg (1863), de Abraham Lincoln:​
A la derecha de la entrada se ve Good Administration (ca. 1898​), que lleva a​ Peace and Prosperity,​ mientras que a la izquierda de la entrada se ve la Corrupt Legislation (ca. 1898​), que lleva a​ Anarchy (c. 1895​).
Fin de siglo (mural)

Fin de siglo es un mural realizado por el artista mexicano Fernando Robles (Etchojoa, 1948).​​ Se encuentra en la biblioteca central de la Universidad de Sonora. Se realizó en 1982 en el patio mayor de la escuela de Bellas Artes, en París con el propósito de representar a México en el festival internacional de ganadores del primer premio "Paleta de oro" en Cagnes Sur Mer, Francia.​
Cuenta con una dimensión de 10 metros de largo por 2.15 metros de ancho. Hecho sobre politoide (una mezcla de algodón, papel y fibra flexible) con pintura acrílica. El material facilitó el transporte del mural, logrando llevarlo a varios países y hacerlo fungir como escenografía. Permanece instalado en la biblioteca de la Universidad de Sonora.
Respecto a la lectura del mural, el artista declara:
En 2014, dentro del marco de la Capital Americana de la Cultura Estado de Colima, se convocó a los estados de México a proponer tres obras que retraten el patrimonio pictórico de México.​ Entre las proposiciones de Sonora se encontró Fin de siglo.​ Sin embargo, no resultó seleccionada.
Temporada 2020-21 de la NBA G League

La Temporada 2020-21 de la NBA Development League, conocida por motivos de patrocinio como NBA G League fue la vigésima temporada de la NBA D-League, la liga de desarrollo de la NBA. La competición fue pospuesta indefinidamente debido a la Pandemia de COVID-19, y finalmente se jugará a partir del mes de febrero de 2021 en un formato similar a la burbuja de la NBA en 2020, con todos los equipos concentrados en el ESPN Wide World of Sports Complex de Bay Lake (Florida). Solo participaronn 17 de los 28 equipos actuales de la liga, a los que se les unió el recién creado equipo de exhibición de los NBA G League Ignite. Los campeones fueron los Lakeland Magic, que lograban su primer título
En diciembre de 2019, el comisionado de la NBA Adam Silver anunció que los Capitanes de Ciudad de México de la Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional se unirían a la G League en la temporada 2020-21 con un contrato de cinco años.​ La temporada 2019-20 fue luego restringida por las restricciones de la pandemia de COVID-19 y todos los partidos restantes después del 12 de marzo de 2020, y los playoffs fueron cancelados. El 9 de julio de 2020, los Phoenix Suns anunciaron que estaban reubicando su franquicia de la G League, los Northern Arizona Suns, del Prescott Valley al área de Phoenix para la temporada 2020-21,​ y posteriormente vendieron la franquicia a los Detroit Pistons.​ Los Pistons planean trasladar al equipo a Detroit en la temporada 2021-22 bajo el nombre de Motor City Cruise.​ Los New Orleans Pelicans lanzaron un concurso para elegir el nombre para su equipo Birmingham 2022–23.​
Durante las restricciones en constante cambio en medio de la pandemia, ni la liga ni la NBA hicieron anuncios para la temporada 2020-21. La temporada de la NBA finalmente comenzó en diciembre de 2020. Se rumoreaba que todos los partidos de la temporada de la G League se llevarían a cabo en una burbuja similar a la burbuja de la NBA 2020 en Atlanta, Georgia u Orlando, Florida, con varios equipos que probablemente optarían por no participar,​ pero que se uniría el equipo de exigición NBA G League Itgnite.​ La temporada en la burbuja fue confirmada por la liga el 8 de enero de 2021, para comenzar en febrero en el ESPN Wide World of Sports Complex en Walt Disney World en Bay Lake (Florida), cerca de Orlando.
Once equipos optaron por no participar: los Capital City Go-Go, College Park Skyhawks, Grand Rapids Drive, Maine Red Claws, Northern Arizona Suns, Sioux Falls SkyForce, South Bay Lakers, Stockton Kings, Texas Legends, Windy City Bulls y los Wisconsin Herd.​ Los Capitanes de Ciudad de México anunciaron también que pospondrían su debut en la liga a la temporada 2021-22.​
El calendario fue anunciado el 27 de enero con los 18 equipos jugando cada uno quince partidos de temporada regular entre el 9 de febrero y el 6 de marzo. No hay conferencia o alineación divisional en la burbuja y los ocho mejores equipos juegan un playoff a un partido del 8 de marzo al 6 de marzo. La final tendrá lugar el 11 de marzo.​
La Antorcha de la Amistad (San Antonio)

La Antorcha de la Amistad es una monumental escultura abstracta del escultor mexicano Sebastián, instalada en el centro de la ciudad de San Antonio, en el estado estadounidense de Texas. La obra fue encargada por un grupo de empresarios mexicanos residentes en los Estados Unidos y amigos de México, y presentada como un regalo del gobierno mexicano a la ciudad de San Antonio en 2002. Fue presentada el 27 de junio de 2002 por el artista, el alcalde Edward D. Garza, y el entonces Secretario de Relaciones Exteriores de México Jorge Castañeda Gutman.​
La escultura mide aproximadamente 20 metros de alto y pesa más de 45 toneladas (40.800 kg).​ El medio es hierro esmaltado. Está ubicado en el medio de una rotonda de tráfico (la intersección de las calles Lasoya, Commerce, Market y Álamo)​ en el centro de San Antonio, una zona conocida por los turistas internacionales por el Paseo del Río y la Misión de El Álamo.
El grupo que lo encargó, la Asociación de Empresarios Mexicanos, una organización sin fines de lucro compuesta por empresarios y profesionales mexicano-estadounidenses, trabajó con el consulado de México y la alcaldía de la ciudad de San Antonio para hacer de la escultura un símbolo de cooperación y cultura compartida entre el país y la ciudad.​
La escultura tiene dos postes que se elevan en ángulos no paralelos. Los postes parecen surgir directamente hasta que se curvan individualmente y se retuercen antes de encontrarse en el punto más alto de la escultura. La escultura se ilumina constantemente con colores y patrones de luz variables en diferentes períodos del año. La escultura es geométrica pero no parece formar ningún ángulo estrictamente recto. Desde cada ángulo que rodea la escultura, la forma en la parte superior parece ser de una escultura diferente. Debido a la ubicación, la única perspectiva que a menudo es inaccesible es la que está debajo de la escultura, ya que está ubicada en una rotonda ubicada en una intersección de tráfico concurrida.
El propio artista describe los conceptos de la escultura como una antorcha que surge del suelo, y como una simbolización de dos actores diferentes: los Estados Unidos y México, que se unen.​ Los comentarios del artista y principal organizador de la puesta en marcha de esta obra, Alejandro Quiroz, hacen que el significado de la escultura sea un símbolo de las relaciones bilaterales internacionales complejas. La escultura representa 2 culturas, 2 idiomas y 2 caminos convergiendo en uno solo.​
Aunque al principio generó controversia, en la actualidad es uno de los íconos de San Antonio.​
Brugge

Cathair sa Bheilg is ea Brugge (ainm Ísiltírise; Béarla agus Fraincis: Bruges; Gearmáinis: Brügge). Tá an chathair suite in iarthar na tíre agus is í Brugge príomhchathair chúige Flóndras Thiar. Tá Brugge ar an seachtú cathair is mó sa tír agus bhí breis is 116,000 duine ina gcónaí ann sa bhliain 2011.
Is cathair stairiúil í le neart tithe agus foirgnimh eile ó ré na Meánaoise.
Paul Newman

B'aisteoir, stiúrthóir, fiontraí, daonnúlaí agus díograiseoir rásaíochta carranna Meiriceánach é Paul Leonard Newman (26 Eanáir 1926 – 26 Meán Fómhair 2008) . Fuair sé bás de bharr ailse, ina theach féin i Westport, Connecticut.
Maureen O'Sullivan (aisteoir)

Aisteoir Éireannach ab ea Maureen Paula O’Sullivan (17 Bealtaine 1911 – 23 Meitheamh 1998). Rinne sí an pháirt Jane i sraith scannán Tarzan a fhad is a bhí Johnny Weissmuller sa phríomhpháirt. Bhí rólanna aici in go leor scannán thar thréimhse níos faide ná leathchéad bliain, in éineacht le haisteoirí ar nós Laurence Olivier, Greta Garbo, Fredric March, William Powell, Myrna Loy, Marie Dressler, Wallace Beery, Lionel Barrymore, na deartháireacha Marx (Groucho, Harpo, agus Chico) agus fiú Woody Allen sna 1980idí. In 2020, ba í uimhir a hocht ar liosta de na haisteoirí scannán Éireannacha is fearr san Irish Times.
Rugadh O'Sullivan i Mainistir na Búille, Contae Ros Comáin. D'fhreastail sí ar scoileanna i mBaile Átha Cliath, i Sasana agus sa Fhrainc. In 1929, nuair a bhí sí 18 mbliana d'aois, bhog sí go Hollywood agus ghlac sí post leis an Fox Film Corporation. In 1932, shínigh sí conradh nua leis an stiúideo scannán mór le rá MGM. Bhain sí clú is cáil amach mar Jane i sé cinn de scannáin Tarzan le MGM idir 1932 agus 1942.
Bhí rólanna aici sna scannáin The Thin Man (1934), Anna Karenina (1935), A Day at the Races (1937), Pride and Prejudice (1940), agus Maisie Was a Lady (1941) freisin. Ghlac sí sos ón aisteoireacht chun aire a thabhairt dá clann, ach d’fhill sí ar an scáileán ina dhiaidh sin i scannáin a stiúir a fear céile, John Farrow. Lean sí uirthi ag obair i scannáin agus i ndrámaí ar feadh a saoil, agus bhí páirteanna aici in Hannah and Her Sisters le Woody Allen (1986), Peggy Sue Got Married (1986) le Francis Ford Coppola, agus in Stranded (1987).
Bhí O’Sullivan pósta faoi dhó. Phós sí John Farrow ar dtús agus bhí seachtar clainne acu, an t-aisteoir Mia Farrow ina measc. Níos déanaí ina saol, phós sí an fear gnó James Cushing. Rinneadh saoránach SAM di in 1947. Fuair sí bás in 1998 agus 87 bliain slánaithe aici. Tá réalta aici ar an Hollywood Walk of Fame agus bronnadh Gradam George Eastman uirthi in 1982.
Fidèle (dog)

Fidèle (Fidel in English) (May 2003–January 2016) was a famous dog and tourist attraction in Bruges, Belgium. The Yellow Labrador Retriever lived at the Côté Canal bed and breakfast with his owner, Caroline Van Langeraet. He could usually be seen lounging half-asleep on a windowsill facing the Groenerei canal; Langeraet says that it was his favorite spot for years, in all seasons. Tour boats on the canal often paused specifically to allow the passengers to take Fidèle's picture. According to Langeraet, American tourists sent the dog fan mail and parcels with toys.
In media, Fidèle appeared in a television advertisement for Godiva Chocolatier. He also appeared briefly in the beginning of the movie In Bruges.
List of awards and nominations received by Brendan Gleeson

Brendan Gleeson is an Irish actor known for his performances in television and film.
He has received various awards including a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Limited Series or Movie for his role as Winston Churchill in the HBO film Into the Storm (2009). He has also received nominations for two BAFTA Awards (In Bruges (2008), and Into the Storm (2009)) and five Golden Globe Awards (In Bruges (2008), Into the Storm (2009), The Guard (2011), The Comey Rule (2020), and The Banshees of Inisherin (2022)).
Meghalayan

The Meghalayan age is the name given in 2018, by the International Commission on Stratigraphy, to the current age or latest geologic age – or uppermost stage of the Quaternary. It is also the upper, or latest, of three subdivisions of the Holocene epoch or series. This way of breaking down time is based only on geology; for example, it is unrelated to the three-age system of historical periods into which human development is sometimes divided.
The Meghalayan begins 4,200 years BP (c. 2251 BCE or 7750 HE). Helama & Oinonen (2019) dated the start of the Meghalayan to 2190–1990 BCE. The age began with a 200-year drought that impacted human civilizations in the Eastern Mediterranean, Mesopotamia, the Indus Valley and the Yangtze River Valley. "The fact that the beginning of this age coincides with a cultural shift caused by a global climate event makes it unique," according to Stanley Finney, Secretary General of the International Union of Geological Sciences.
This age is named after the Northeast Indian state of Meghalaya, where the stalagmite was found that is used to mark out its years.
The International Commission on Stratigraphy officially ratified this age in June 2018, along with the earlier Greenlandian and Northgrippian ages/stages. Its Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) is a Krem Mawmluh Cave formation in Meghalaya. Mawmluh cave is one of the longest and deepest caves in India, and conditions there were suitable for preserving chemical signs of the transition in ages. The global auxiliary stratotype is an ice core from Mount Logan in Canada.
In respect of the Mawmluh Cave site being the "GSSP of the youngest unit of the geologic time scale associated with dramatic climate changes with implications on human civilisation" the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) included the GSSP of the Meghalayan Stage in the Mawmluh Cave in its assemblage of 100 "geological heritage sites" around the world in a listing published in October 2022. The organisation defines an IUGS Geological Heritage Site as "a key place with geological elements and/or processes of international scientific relevance, used as a reference, and/or with a substantial contribution to the development of geological sciences through history."
Calabrian (stage)

Calabrian is a subdivision of the Pleistocene Epoch of the geologic time scale, defined as 1.8 Ma—774,000 years ago ± 5,000 years, a period of ~1.026 million years.
The end of the stage is defined by the last magnetic pole reversal (781 ± 5 Ka) and plunge into an ice age and global drying possibly colder and drier than the late Miocene (Messinian) through early Pliocene (Zanclean) cold period. Originally the Calabrian was a European faunal stage primarily based on mollusk fossils. It has become the second geologic age in the Early Pleistocene.
Because sea shells are much more abundant as fossils, 19th- and early-20th-century geo-scientists used the plentiful and well-differentiable Mollusca (mollusks) and Brachiopods to identify stratigraphic boundaries. Thus the Calabrian was originally defined as an assemblage of mollusk fossils, most brachiopods being extinct by then. Efforts were then made to find the best representation of that assemblage in a stratigraphic section. By 1948 scientists used the initial appearance of cool-water (northern) invertebrate faunas in Mediterranean marine sediments as the beginning marker for the Calabrian. The 18th International Geological Congress in London (1948) placed the base of the Pleistocene at the base of the marine strata of the Calabrian Faunal Stage and denominated a type section in southern Italy. However, it was discovered that the original type section was discontinuous at that point and that the base of the Calabrian Stage as defined by fauna assemblages extended to earlier levels within the Pleistocene. A new type section was chosen, several miles from the original one, at Vrica, 4 km south of Crotone in Calabria, southern Italy. Analysis of strontium and oxygen isotopes as well as of planktonic foraminifera has confirmed the viability of the current type section. The 27th International Geological Congress in Moscow in 1984 formally ratified the type section. The starting date was originally thought to be about 1.65 million years ago, but has been recalculated as 1.806 Mya.
The Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point, GSSP, for the former start of the Pleistocene is in a reference section at Vrica, 4 km south of Crotone in Calabria, Southern Italy, a location whose exact dating has recently been confirmed by analysis of strontium and oxygen isotopes as well as by planktonic foraminifera.
The beginning of the Calabrian hence is defined as: Just above top of magnetic polarity chronozone C2n (Olduvai) and the extinction level of calcareous nannofossil Discoaster brouweri (base Zone CN13). Above the boundary are the lowest occurrence of calcareous nannofossil medium Gephyrocapsa spp. and the extinction level of the planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides extremus.
The end of the Calabrian is defined as the Brunhes–Matuyama magnetic reversal event.
39°02′19″N 17°08′06″E﻿ / ﻿39.03861°N 17.13500°E﻿ / 39.03861; 17.13500
Bruges City Hall

The City Hall (Dutch: Stadhuis) of Bruges, West Flanders, Belgium, is a landmark building and the seat of that city. Built in a late-Gothic monumental style between 1376 and 1421, it is one of the oldest city halls in the former Burgundian Netherlands. It is located on Burg Square, the area of the former fortified castle in the centre of Bruges.
After a fire in the city's Belfry in 1280, the old Ghyselhuus, which had already fallen into disuse as the jail of the Count of Flanders, was still the meeting place for the city council. In 1376, the Ghyselhuus was pulled down and replaced by a new purpose built council building. Count Louis laid the foundation stone. Responsibility for its construction was given to Jan Roegiers, and the project was completed late in 1421. The City Hall is the earliest late-Gothic monumental-style municipal council building in Flanders or Brabant: its flamboyant opulence testifies to the city's economic and political power at a time when the population of Bruges is believed to have reached more than 37,000, or even 45,000 people.
The pioneering stone facade of the oldest part, which during the 16th and 17th centuries was several times extended towards the south, inspired in quick succession the city halls of Brussels, Ghent, Leuven and Oudenaarde. The building's admirers highlight the effect of the "Brugian span", referring to the abundance of repeating systematically positioned niches encompassing the windows, though it is not clear that this effect was invented in Bruges.
The statues under the stone baldachin-canopies on the building's facade have been renewed several times. At the time of the French Revolution, all the statues were destroyed. A small number of genuine pieces are now included in the collections of the city museum. The crenellated facade is topped off with little turrets and the roof is decorated with its own little crests and dormers. In 1766, the door on the left side of the building's facade was repositioned to make the overall effect more symmetrical.
Between 1895 and 1905, the distinguished local architect Louis Delacenserie and the neo-Gothic architect Jean-Baptiste Bethune started the restoration of the interior. The lesser and greater council chambers were replaced by a single "Gothic Hall". The rich decoration of this chamber now offered competition to the elaborate exterior facade. The impressive double-vaulted timber ceiling was restored and extended to cover the entire area, while the vaulting over the two eastern bays dates only from the 19th century. Medallions in the bosses show New Testament scenes, prophets, evangelists and saints. Decoration of the corbels supporting the roof reflects natural and seasonal themes. On the walls mural paintings by Albrecht De Vriendt show scenes from the history of Bruges. Like the monumental mantle-pieces these are 19th-century neo-Gothic enhancements. The stone vault from 1766, which had covered the lower level, was at the same time replaced by a quasi-historical timber structure, supported by four columns that divide the room into two halves.
51°12′29″N 3°13′37″E﻿ / ﻿51.2081°N 3.2269°E﻿ / 51.2081; 3.2269
Belfry of Bruges

The Belfry of Bruges (Dutch: Belfort van Brugge) is a medieval bell tower in the centre of Bruges, Belgium. One of the city's most prominent symbols, the belfry formerly housed a treasury and the municipal archives and served as an observation post for spotting fires and other dangers.
The belfry was added to the Markt (market square) around 1240, when Bruges was an important centre of the Flemish cloth industry. After a devastating fire in 1280, the tower was largely rebuilt. The city archives, however, were forever lost to the flames.
The octagonal upper stage of the belfry was added between 1483 and 1487, and capped with a wooden spire bearing an image of Saint Michael, banner in hand and dragon underfoot. The spire did not last long: a lightning strike in 1493 reduced it to ashes and destroyed the bells as well. A wooden spire crowned the summit again for some two-and-a-half centuries, before it, too, fell victim to flames in 1741. The spire was never replaced again, thus making the current height of the building somewhat lower than in the past; but an openwork stone parapet in Gothic Revival style was added to the rooftop in 1822.
A poem by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, titled "The Belfry of Bruges," refers to the building's checkered history:
A narrow, steep staircase of 366 steps, accessible by the public for an entry fee, leads to the top of the 83 m (272 feet) high building, which leans 87 centimeters to the east.
To the sides and back of the tower stands the former market hall, a rectangular building only 44 m broad but 84 m deep, with an inner courtyard. The belfry, accordingly, is also known as the Halletoren (tower of the halls).
Since 1999, the belfry has been on the UNESCO World Heritage List as a part of the Belfries of Belgium and France serial property. In addition, it is a key component of the UNESCO World Heritage Site of the historic centre of Bruges, inscribed in 2000.
The building is a central feature of the 2008 black-comedy film In Bruges and is mentioned in the 2004 novel Cloud Atlas.
The bells in the tower regulated the lives of the city dwellers, announcing the time, fire alarms, work hours, and a variety of social, political, and religious events. Eventually, a mechanism ensured the regular sounding of certain bells, for example indicating the hour.
In the 16th century, the tower received a carillon, allowing the bells to be played by means of a hand keyboard. Starting from 1604, the annual accounts record the employment of a carillonneur to play songs during Sundays, holidays and market days.
In 1675, the carillon comprised 35 bells, designed by Melchior de Haze of Antwerp. After the fire of 1741, this was replaced by a set of bells cast by Joris Dumery, 26 of which are still in use. There were 48 bells at the end of the 19th century, but today the bells number 47, together weighing about 27.5 tonnes. The bells range in weight from two pounds to 11,000 pounds.
Peter O'Toole on screen and stage

Peter Seamus O'Toole (1932 – 2013) was an actor of stage and screen who achieved film stardom in 1962 playing T. E. Lawrence in Lawrence of Arabia.
He went on to become one of the most honoured film and stage actors of his time. He won an Honorary Oscar in 2002, but holds the record for most competitive Academy Award nominations for an actor without winning, going winless in eight attempts.
Animal Actors on Location

Animal Actors on Location (formerly known as Animal Planet Live and other names) is a live stage show at Universal Studios Florida, and formerly at Universal Studios Hollywood, and Universal Studios Japan. The show features multiple animals performing stunts and tricks.
The attraction is a live show featuring dogs, cats, birds, pigs, and other animals performing tricks onstage in a covered outdoor theatre. This show also integrates video segments and comedy from the human trainers. One of the trainers acts as the show's main host, explaining how the animals are conditioned to perform the tricks. Several of the animals are veteran actors of TV and film productions, many who were rescued from shelters. The show makes use of audience volunteers, primarily children, during several of its training segments. After the show, guests are invited to meet and pet some of the animals. The show's rotation of animals has varied throughout the years, including otters, horses, orangutans, and skunks.
Animal performers that have appeared throughout the attraction's run have starred as:
The attraction opened in Hollywood as "Animal Actors School Stage" in 1970, in Florida as "Animal Actors Stage" in 1990, and in Japan as "Animal Actors Stage" in 2001. Both US versions of the attraction received an Animal Planet-sponsored theming from 2001 to 2006.
The Japanese iteration of the attraction was rethemed to "Toto & Friends", as part of the Land of Oz area in 2006, until being closed for the construction of the Universal Wonderland area in 2011. The Hollywood incarnation of the attraction, known as "Universal's Animal Actors," closed on January 8, 2023, alongside Special Effects Stage, and both will be replaced by Fast & Furious: Hollywood Drift.
Melo Movie

Melo Movie (Korean: 멜로무비) is a 2025 South Korean romantic comedy television series written by Lee Na-eun [ko], directed by Oh Chung-hwan, and starring Choi Woo-shik, Park Bo-young, Lee Jun-young, and Jeon So-nee. The series follows the intertwined lives of aspiring young individuals navigating love and challenges. It was released on Netflix on February 14, 2025.
Ko Gyeom is a passionate film enthusiast who dreams of watching every movie ever made. He becomes a film critic, driven by his love for cinema. Kim Mu-bee is an aspiring film director with a complicated past. She's determined to make her mark in the industry, but carries emotional baggage. The two share a connection from the past, but a mysterious incident led them to drift apart. They reconnect years later, with Ko Gyeom moving next door to Kim Mu-bee. This rekindles their feelings, but also brings back old wounds and unresolved issues.
Director Oh Chung-hwan, who directed Hotel del Luna (2019) and Castaway Diva (2023), and writer by Lee Na-eun [ko], who wrote Our Beloved Summer (2021–2022), teamed up while Studio N managed the production of the series.
In 2023, both Choi Woo-shik and Park Bo-young were reportedly cast and positively reviewing it. This would mark Choi and writer Lee reunion. The next year, Lee Jun-young, Jeon So-nee, and Kim Jae-wook were reportedly cast to appear.
Choi, Park, Lee, and Jeon were confirmed to lead the series in February 2024. On May 29, Cha Woo-min was reportedly cast to play the role of Woo Jeong-hu.
Melo Movie was released on Netflix on February 14, 2025.
Carmen Chin of NME rated the series 3 out of 5 stars in her review.
Pierce Conran of South China Morning Post graded the series with 3+1⁄2 out of 5 stars.
Indhuja Ravichandran

Indhuja Ravichandran is an Indian actress who appears in Tamil films. She is known for her works in Meyaadha Maan (2017), Mercury (2018), 60 Vayadu Maaniram (2018), Bigil (2019) and Parking (2023).
Indhuja Ravichandran was born and brought up in Vellore and pursued her schooling in SeventhDay Adventist Mat. Hr. Sec. School Vellore. She received a degree in Software Engineering from Vellore Institute of Technology. While pursuing her degree, she did several modeling assignments, auditioned for different roles, and did several short films both internally within the college and outside the college for different college fests. She was spotted by Karthik Subburaj during her audition and eventually made her film debut with Meyaadha Maan, where she played Vaibhav's sister. M. Suganth, in a review of the film on the Times of India, stated that she made "a very impressive debut". In 2019, she starred in Bigil where she played a female soccer player.
Bati, Ethiopia

Bati (Oromo: Baati; Amharic: ባቲ) is a town in north-central Ethiopia. Located in the Oromia Zone of the Amhara Region, east of Dessie this town has a latitude and longitude of 11°11′N 40°1′E﻿ / ﻿11.183°N 40.017°E﻿ / 11.183; 40.017 with an elevation of 1502 metres above sea level. It is the largest town in Bati woreda.
Bati is known for its market, located between the Ethiopian highlands and the Great Rift Valley. According to Philip Briggs, this market "forms an important cultural crossroads for the Amhara, Oromo and semi-nomadic, desert-dwelling Afar people. Bati has hosted Ethiopia's largest cattle and camel market, attracting up to 20,000 people every Monday."
Based on figures from the Central Statistical Agency in 2005, Bati has an estimated total population of 24,257 of whom 12,229 are men and 11,958 are women. The 1994 census reported this town had a total population of 13,965 of whom 6,471 were men and 7,494 were women.
Before the Italian invasion, most of a 100-kilometer road between Bati and Dessie had been completed. Telephone service reached Bati by 1956: the town had two telephones, for the police and for the residence of the Crown Prince. The town also had postal service well before that time.
The earliest mention of Bati is in the 1930s, but Paul B. Henze believed that the market "must antedate the town by at least 200 or 300 years." He adds, "I have been unable to find references of very early travellers to Bati, which may have had a different name in earlier times."
The town was the site of one of the refugee camps of the 1984-5 famine, which was closed at the end of 1986.
Nairobi Java House (Resitora)

Inzu ya Java (yahoze yitwa Nairobi Java House) ni uruhererekane rw'amazu atunganya ikawa ifite icyicaro gikuru cyayo ahitwa ABC Place ni mu mujyi wa Nairobi mu gihugu cya Kenya, yashinzwe mu mwaka wa 1999 ishingwa na Kevin Ashley afatanyije na Jon Wagner. Ni hamwe mu hantu umuntu ashobora gusanga "ibicuruzwa byiza byoherezwa mu mahanga" ikawa ikomoka mu gihugu cya Kenya itetse ndetse inagaburwa mu karere.
Guhera kuri cafe ya mbere iherereye muri Arcade ya Adam kumuhanda wa Ngong yafunguwe mu mwaka wa 1999, Java House imaze kugera ahantu hatandukanye hangana na 68 mu bihuguu bitandukanye bigize Afurika y'uburasirazuba nkuko byatangajwe mu kwezi kwa Ugushyingo mu mwaka wa 2018. Ikirangantego cya Java kandi ni nyiri uruhererekane rwa pizza rwo mu Butaliyani rwitwa 360 Degrees Pizza ndetse nubwa mbere muri Afurika y'uburasirazuba bwikorera ubucuruzi bwa yogurt zikonje, Planet Yogurt.
Kevin Ashley (2010–2016)
Ken Kuguru (2016–2018)
Paul Smith (2018 - Kugeza ubu)
Minisiteri ishinzwe imicungire y'ibiza n'impunzi

Minisiteri ishinzwe imicungire y’ibiza n’impunzi ( MIDIMAR) ; French ) ni ministeri muri Guverinoma y'u Rwanda, ishinzwe imicungire y'ibiza n’impunzi.
iyi ministeri yayobowe na Minisitiri Marcel Gatsinzi watangiye imirimo ku ya 12 Mata 2010. Icyicaro cyayo kiri i Kigali .
Uwamwezi Nadege

Uwamwezi Nadege (yavutse 1993), ni umukinnyi wa filimi mu Rwanda . Umwe mu bakinnyi ba filime bazwi cyane muri filimi zo kuri televiziyo mu Rwanda, Nadege azwi cyane ku mazina nka Nana cyangwa Catherine mu biganiro bya televiziyo, nka City Maid . Usibye gukina, ni n'umuririmbyi n'umunyamideri .
Uwamwezi Nadege Yavutse mu 1993 mu Rwanda. Yafunguye butike yitwa 'Nana Fashion Shop' ifite izina rye. Afite umwana umwe w'umuhungu umwe kuva yashyingirwa bwa mbere, witwa Ganza Benny Lucky. Nk’uko ibihuha bivugwa, ngo yaba akundana n'umuririmbyi Kizito Mihigo . Ariko nyuma yaje kubihakana, avuga ko ari inshuti gusa. Icyakora, vuba aha byavuzwe ko bategura ubukwe. Icyakora, yongeye guhakana ibyo aregwa. Uwamwezi Nadege nibwo muri 2021, ahari mu kwezi ku gushyingo, aha nibwo Nana yafashe indege yerekeza mu Bubiligi ku mugabane w'iburayi, aho niho ndetse aho umugabo bashakanye aba ndetse atuye ndetse anakorera . Mu kiganiro yagiranye n'itangazamakuru nuko Nana yavuze ko ibintu ahanini urebye byamugoye kumva ageze i Burayi ari byinshi bitandukanye ariko cyane cyane n' ibiryo, ikirere no kuba nta bantu baziranye, ibaze nawe se nkubu uyu muturanyi waha dutuye ntabwo rwose yagusuhuza, ariko iwacu mu Rwanda umuturanyi aba ari nk’umuvandimwe wawe agutira ikintu na we akagutiza ikindi ariko hano rwose umuntu aranapfa ukigira ku kazi ke ahubwo agahamagara polisi ngo ko murimo kugufungira umuhanda wabo .
Uwamwezi Nadege yize amashuri yisumbuye muri APAKAPE, aho yize ibijyanye na Computer Science and Management, aho yabonye impamwabumenyi ya A2, aho mbere yo kwinjira muri Filime muri 2013 .
Mbere yo gukina, Nadege yari umuririmbyi waririmbye ku izina rya 'Queen Nadege'. Yari mu itsinda ryitwa 'The Queens' aho baririmbaga 'Ryajambo' mu 2009. Yinjiye muri Kwetu Film Institute yiga ikinamico. Nyuma, yamenyekanye gukina na Kennedy Mazimpaka, amaze kubona ubuhanga bwe bwo gukina i Kwetu. Mazimpaka yamuhaye uruhare ruto muri filime Rwasibo, yaje kuba umukinnyi wa mbere wa sinema. Mu mwaka wa 2016, yakinnye muri filimi ica kuri televiziyo Mutoni nk'uruhare rwo kuyobora. Nyuma, yakinnye muri firime nyinshi zizwi cyane na zirimo, Catherine na Nkubito ya Nyamunsi . Muri 2016, yakinnye muri City Maid . filimi imaze kumenyekana cyane m'ubantu kandi yakundaga kwitwa Nana.
Agricultural road

An agricultural road or farm track is a service road that serves predominantly agricultural or forestry purposes and has only local significance. Agricultural roads are typically unpaved dirt roads or covered with gravel, but in some cases asphalt roads are agricultural roads.
In the United States, a "farm-to-market road" or "ranch-to-market road" (sometimes "farm road" or "ranch road" for short) is a state road or county road that connects rural or agricultural areas to market towns.
List of mountain passes in California

The following is a list of mountain passes and gaps in California. California is geographically diverse with numerous roads and railways traversing within its borders. In the middle of the U.S. state lies the California Central Valley, bounded by the coastal mountain ranges in the west, the Sierra Nevada to the east, the Cascade Range in the north and the Tehachapi Mountains in the south. Although most of these passes are now traversed by state highways, some date prior to California's statehood in 1850 and are today registered as California Historical Landmarks.