UBUCUKUZIO BW'AMABUYE MU KARERE KA RULINDO

UBUCUKUZI BWA MABUYE MU KARERE KA RULINDO
Toni zirenga 2000 zicukurwa mu bigo bine:ishusho y'ubucukuzi bw'urwnda mu mibare
Yanditswe na Ishimwe ngabo victory
Kuya 17 March 2025 saa 08:05
Yasuwe :
Yavuzweho:
Icyakora twasuye bike cyane kuko mu mpushya zisaga 100 u Rwanda rumaze gutanga ku bacukura, nasuye ibigo bitanu bitunganganya amabuye ya Wolfram, gasegereti na coltan atunganywamo ibyuma ya tungsten, tin na tantalum.
Ni amabuye akenewe muri iyi minsi cyane, kuko atunganywamo ibyuma bikomeye bikoreshwa mu bwubatsi, mu ndege, mu bifaru, mu byogajuru, mu gukora imbunda, amasasu, ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga nk’ibitanda bya telefone, mudasobwa n’ibindi bikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, gusudira n’ibindi.
Ni amabuye u Rwanda rukungahayeho cyane kuko rucukura toni ziri hagati ya 8000-10000 buri mwaka, igiciro mu mafaranga kigahinduka bijyanye n’uko amasoko ahagaze.
Mu bigo bigera ku 100 bicukura amabuye y’agaciro bibarirwa mu Rwanda, twasuyemo bine, birimo ikirombe cya Nyakabingo kiri mu Karere ka Rulindo, icya Rukaragata kiri mu Ngororero, ibya Mwurire, Nzige na Rubona (bicukurwa n’ikigo kimwe) mu Karere ka Rwamagana, n’icya Bashyamba cyo mu Karere ka Nyarugenge.
Ukoze imibare ubona ko ibyo birombe bicukura amabuye abarirwa muri toni 2000 buri mwaka, bikagira abakozi hafi ibihumbi 5000 batunze imiryango yabo mu Rwanda.
Ni imirimo yashowemo akayabo kuko nka Trinity Metals igenzura ikirombe cya Nyakabingo imaze gushora arenga miliyoni 40$, bikaba n’uko ku kigo cya Power M kigenzura ibirombe bya Rukaragata mu Karere ka Ngororero na cyane ko ho abakozi ari bake cyane ugereranyije n’imashini zikorera ibintu.
Ni ubucukuzi bukorwa imusozi no mu nda y’imisozi. Nituvuga imusozi wumve bya bindi byo kubanza guharura umusozi nka metero mirongo ingahe ubundi ugatangira kuyora uwo mucanga uba wuzuyemo amabuye y’agaciro ukawutunganya amabuye ushaka ukayabona.
Ubundi buryo ni ubwo kujya mu nda y’umusozi, ugacukura indani zitandukanye haba mu bitare no mu butaka bworoshye, aho nko mu birombe bya Bashyamba bamaze kucukura indani zireshya na kilometero 15 mu bitare 300.
Mu bushakashatsi ibyo bigo byakoze, bigaragaza ko ayo mabuye yose aramutse acukuwe neza byakorwa mu myaka igera kuri 50 iri imbere.
Ubwo bucukuzi ni nako bwungura haba abashoramari, abakozi n’igihugu muri rusange kuko batanga nk’imisoro.
Nka Twizerimana Jean Claude, ukorera mu kirombe cya Bashyamba IGIHE yamusanze mu ndani hafi muri metero 600 z’ubutambike imbere mu musozi.
Yavuze ko amaze imyaka itatu akorera iki kigo kandi ngo abona iterambere ryacyo na we rimugeraho uko bwije n’uko bukeye, kuko amaze kwigurira ikibanza mu mujyi wa Kigali.
Ati “Nagezemo ku cyumweru cya mbere bampemba ibihumbi 94 Frw, igikurikiyeho bampemba ibihumbi 114 Frw. Mu byumweru bibiri iyo nahembwe make bampa ibihumbi 190 Frw. Hari n’ubwo bigenda neza gasegereti ikaboneka ibihumbi 800 Frw mu minsi 15 akinjira.”
Mugenzi we wo mu Ngororero witwa Yankurije Betty umaze imyaka irindwi akora mu birombe bya Rukaragata ati “Mu myaka irindwi nageze kuri byinshi. Mbere nta mafaranga nagiraga. Ubu nishyurira abana ishuri, nubatse inzu, naguze inka ebyiri, isambu y’ibihumbi 600 Frw n’ibindi byinshi.”
Iryo shimwe ni na ryo wumvana abashoye imari muri iyi mirimo barimo na Kwizera Jean Bosco usanzwe ari Umuyobozi Mukuru wa DUMAC Ltd, ikigo cya mbere gicukura gasegereti na Coltan nyinshi mu Rwanda bivanze, mu kirombe giherereye mu Karere ka Rwamagana mu mirenge ya Mwurire Nzige na Rubona.
Uyu mugabo watangiye ari umucukuzi usanzwe ubu ageze ku ishoramari rya miliyari 5 Frw ati “Twatangiye dushora nka miliyoni 80 Frw ariko ubu tugeze kuri miliyari 5 Frw.”
“Twatangiranye abakozi 120 ubu barenze 1000. Aha hari amabuye menshi cyane kuko niba twaratangiriye ku bilo 200 mu cyumweru uyu munsi nkaba ngeze kuri toni zirenga 20 kandi hafi yanjye hakaba ibindi birombe by’ibindi bigo. Urumva ko aya mabuye ari menshi. Ntabwo washora uko utunguka.”
Umushoramari mugenzi we wo mu Bwongereza washoye muri Power M yo mu Ngororero witwa Ray Power unayoboye n’Uruganda rwa Power Resources International rutunganyiriza Coltan mu Karere ka Bugesera, yagaragaje ko ahantu hangana na metero 600 yabonyemo amabuye y’agaciro atandukanye ashobora gucukurwa kugeza mu myaka 16 iri imbere, iramutse icukuwe mu buryo bugezweho.
Ati “Ubu dufite amabuye twacukura mu myaka 16 ndatse turi gukora ubushakashatsi ku buryo igera ku myaka 20. Urumva ko aha hari amabuye. Inyungu iraboneka.”
Uretse abo n’igihugu ni ko cyunguka binyuze mu misoro. Kumva uburyo imisoro yiyongera ubyumvira mu musaruro wiyongera umunsi ku wundi.
Imibare y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu Gishinzwe Mine, Peteroli na Gaz (Rwanda Mining Board- RMB) igaragaza ko garagaza ko amabuye y’agaciro yoherejwe mu mahanga mu 2023 yinjirije u Rwanda asaga miliyari 1,1$, avuye kuri miliyoni 772$ bigaragaza izamuka rya 43.0%.
Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare (NISR) cyatangaje ko muri Mutarama 2025, umusaruro w’amabuye y’agaciro mu Rwanda, wiyongereyeho 4.3% ugereranyije na Mutarama 2024.
Amabuye ntabwo agaruka ku mipaka…
Rimwe na rimwe uzumva ibirego bigaragaza ko u Rwanda nta mabuye y’agaciro rugira, icyakora abavuga ukumva baravuze ngo nko muri metero 500 cyangwa ikilometero kimwe hakurya y’umupaka wayo ngo ni ho ayo mabuye abarizwa.
Ni ibintu Ray Power yumva agaseka, ashingiye ku bushakashatsi yakoze n’akayabo yashoye mu bijyanye no guteza ubucukuzi bugezweho bwibanda ku mubare w’imashini nyinshi kurusha abantu.
Ati “Ntabwo amabuye agira imipaka. Ntabwo akenera pasiporo ngo abe yava mu gice kimwe ajya mu kindi. Ubwanjye nishoreye imari mu bijyanye n’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro no gushakisha aho aherereye. Imitereye y’aka karere ni imwe ku bijyanye n’uwo mutungo kamere.”
Ako gace Power avuga ni ako igice kibarizwamo amabuye y’agaciro kizwi nka Kibaran-Angolan Belt. Uretse u Rwanda ruherereye rwagati muri cyo, kibarizwamo n’ibice byo mu bihugu nka RDC, Angola, Repubulika ya Centrafrique, Zambia, Tanzania n’ahandi.
Umuyobozi w’Ishami rya RMB rishinzwe ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro n’ubugenzuzi bwayo, Nsengumuremyi Donat, yunze mu rya Ray Power agaragaza ko rwihagije ku mabuye ku bwinshi no ku bwiza, akavuga ko hafi igihugu cyose, ni ukuvuga mu turere 28 hagaragaye ibimenyetso by’amabuye y’agaciro atandukanye, ndetse muri utwo turere turimo ibikorwa by’ubucukuzi.
Yavuze ko nubwo u Rwanda rukataje mu gucukura, ntaho ruragera kuko mu gihe ibindi bihugu bigeze ku bilometero nka bibiri munda y’Isi, u Rwanda rutaragera no ku kilometero kimwe.
Ati “U Rwanda rufite amabuye y’agaciro, kuko ruherereye mu gice abarizwamo (Kibara Belt), ndetse rukaba hagati yacyo. Niba turi hagati bivuze turi mu izingiro ryayo. Haracyari imyaka myinshi yo gucukura.”
Uyu muyobozi agaragaza ko ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro bwakomeje kwitabirwa cyane nko mu myaka icumi ishize aho u Rwanda rwabihaye umurongo. Ni urwego rubarurwamo abakozi barenga ibihumbi 70.
Agaragaza ko kugeza ubu u Rwanda rumaze gutanga impushya 136 ku bigo by’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro 99, impushya 18 z’ibigo bikora ubushakashatsi ku mabuye y’agaciro zahawe ibigo 17, impushya 76 ku bigo bicuruza ayo mabuye n’izindi eshatu ku biyongerera agaciro. Akagaragaza ko utashora muri ibyo byose nta mabuye ufite.
Ubucukuzi mu Rwanda bwatangiye gukorwa mu myaka 95 irashize mu Rwanda hatangijwe ibikorwa by’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro nyuma y’imyaka hafi 10 yari ishize hakorwa ubushakashatsi, bwagaragaje ko rukungahaye ku mabuye atandukanye.
Agaragara cyane ni Gasegereti, Coltan na Wolfram. Urugendo rwo kwiyubaka rujyana no kongera inganda zitunganya ayo mabuye mu Rwanda zirimo urwa Gasabo Gold Refinery, rufite ubushobozi bwo gutunganya toni 96 ku mwaka, urwa LuNa Smelter rutanganya gasegereti ubushobozi bwo gushongesha toni 360 za gasegereti buri kwezi, n’urwa Power Resources International Ltd rufite ubushobozi bwo gutunganya toni 120 za coltan mu kwezi.
Nsengumuremyi avuga ko ubu bari mu mushinga wa leta uzamara imyaka itatu buzakorerwa mu duce twagaragaye ko dukungahaye ku mabuye y’agaciro cyane, bagacukura mu ntera ndende ugana hasi, kugira ngo hamenywe ingano y’amabuye u Rwanda rufite.
Ati “Turi gukora ubwa zahabu, ubwa Lithium kuko isigaye ikenewe ku rwego mpuzamahanga n’ubwa gasegereti coltan na wolfram.”
U Rwanda kandi rwanashoye mu burezi bugamije kurema inzobere muri iyo mirimo, uyu munsi bikaba ari itegeko ko ikirombe kigira inzobere mu ibijyanye n’ubucukuzi n’ushinzwe kurengera ibidukikije bose babyize.
Kuva Kaminuza y’u Rwanda yashyiraho ishuri ryigisha ibijyanye n’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro mu 2015, ubu igihugu gifite abanyamwuga 260 bavuye kuri 40 rwabaruraga mu 1995.
Uretse 3Ts u Rwanda rufite na zahabu iboneka mu turere twa Gicumbi, Musanze, Burera, Nyamasheke, Rusizi na Nyarugenge, amabengeza akoreshwa mu mitako aboneka mu turere twa Ngororero, Muhango Ruhango, Muhanga, Sapphire aboneka mu Burengerazuba, Lithium n’andi ndetse ubushakashatsi burakomeje.
U Rwanda rufite intego y’uko mu 2029 ruzaba rubarura umusaruro mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro ungana na 2,2$. Gukusanya amabuye yose yacukuwe bikava kuri 40% bikagera kuri 80%.