davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Charles & Keith

Charles & Keith Pte. Ltd., styled as CHARLES & KEITH and also known as C&K, is a Singaporean fashion house label founded in 1996, specializing in footwear, handbags and fashion accessories. Based in Singapore, the brand has a global footprint, operating more than 600 stores worldwide across 37 countries.
The company started out in 1990, when Charles Wong and his younger brother Keith Wong worked at their parent's shoe store in the Ang Mo Kio district of Singapore. They had wanted to learn the ropes of managing a shoe business before subsequently opening their first store in 1996 at Amara Shopping Centre (now known as the 100 AM).
Charles & Keith adopted a new business model for their label because they observed that the traditional model of selling shoes purchased from wholesale suppliers was unsustainable. To emerge from intense competition, the company started designing their own shoes in 1997 based on customers' feedback. This allowed the company to gain greater brand recognition from their target clientele. As the business grew, the company cut out the middleman and began working directly with production factories as a unique brand.
In 1998, Charles & Keith began to expand their operations overseas beyond Singapore when they ventured into Indonesia and Australia.
In 2001, Charles & Keith opened their first store in the Philippines and by 2015, they had more than 30 stores around the country. In 2004, the company ventured out of Asia and debuted in the Middle East with a store in Dubai, and another in Saudi Arabia in 2005. In 2011, the brand had over 230 stores across the world mostly based in the Middle East and Asia.
Charles & Keith launched Pedro in 2005, which is a line of men's footwear. Their product range was increased in 2007 to include accessories such as belts and sunglasses and higher end products.
In 2011, LVMH (Louis Vuitton Moet Hennessy) invested in a 20 percent stake in the company. The Wong brothers have since brought their shares back from LVMH.
As of 2015, Charles & Keith has over 300 stores worldwide.
In January 2022, Charles & Keith opened its third concept boutique at Kaohsiung's E Sky Mall. Spanning approximately 302 sqm, the Kaohsiung location is the brand's largest store in Taiwan.
In 2004, Charles & Keith became one of the first few companies in the world to set up an e-commerce website in an effort to expand its business, allowing the company to offer its products where it did not have a brick and mortar store.
In 2021, Charles & Keith announced that such digitalisation processes were accelerated amid the COVID-19 pandemic. It added that the company now provides distance training for its 7,000 staff members worldwide, as well as hosting online sales presentations to wholesale buyers wherever they are in the world in contrast to hosting physical wholesale events up to four times a year at its headquarters in Tai Seng.
Awards
The company has secured numerous awards, including the Singapore Retailers Association’s Excellent Service Award in 2002 and the Enterprise Award at the 2008 Singapore Business Awards.
Fiona Fussi

Fiona Fussi (born 25 January 1996) is a Singaporean fashion model and actress based in Singapore. She is best known as a celebrity model, and for being the winner of Elite Model Look Singapore 2011.
Fiona Fussi was born in Singapore on 25 January 1996 to an Austrian father and a Hong Kong Chinese mother and grew up in the city-state. She attended the United World College of South East Asia, graduating in 2014. She speaks English, German, Cantonese, and Mandarin.
In 2011, at the age of 15, Fussi won the Elite Model Look Singapore 2011 competition. She then represented Singapore at the Elite Model Look International 2011 event held in Shanghai, China.
In 2012, she was the face of Audi Fashion Festival, a major fashion event in Singapore. In 2014, she became the first model ambassador from Singapore to represent the global beauty brand L'Oreal Paris in Asia. In 2016, she became the ambassador of Acuvue Define in Asia and has also appeared in TV commercials for Darlie, Hang Seng Bank, LG Electronics and HKT. She has also appeared in a series of makeup and skincare tutorials for Chanel and Clarins. In 2018, she appeared in TV commercials for LG Electronics.
She is represented by Singapore modeling agency Basic Models Management, Sun Esee Model Management in Hong Kong, Ford Models in the USA, Cinq Deux Un Co. in Japan, and MP Paris in France.
In addition to her modeling work, she has also starred in the TV series Last Madame (2019), as the character Chi Ling, as well as playing the role of Jeon So-yeon in Oppa, Saranghae! (2023).
Thomas Wee

Thomas Wee (born 1949) is a Singaporean fashion designer. He was active in the 1980s and the 1990s. He returned to designing in 2008.
Wee's mother was a seamstress from Shanghai. He made his first cheongsam when he was 14.
In the 1970s, Wee was employed at the boutique Flair as a designer. In 1978, he entered the Her World Young Designer’s Contest.
In 1983, he established his first high-end boutique, "Thomas Wee". He established "Mixables", the first career wear line for women by a Singaporean designer. In 1985, he was selected to represent Singapore in "The Best of Asian Designers", "The Best of the Best" and "The Premier Designer Show". By the late 1980s, he was considered to be one of the "Magnetic Seven", a group of pioneering fashion designers in Singapore, along with Tan Yoong, Bobby Chng, Celia Loe, Esther Tay, Kelvin Choo and Peter Kor.
From 1999 to 2010, he taught fashion at the Nanyang Academy of Fine Arts. In 2001, he established another boutique, "Thomas Wee Luxe", which he closed in 2003. In 2008, he launched a show at the Singapore Fashion Festival. In 2016, he established the boutique Maison Thomas Wee at the Mandarin Gallery.
Jasmine Sokko

Jasmine Wong (born November 8, 1995), known professionally as Jasmine Sokko, is a Singaporean singer-songwriter and electronic music producer. Known for wearing her trademark visors or masks to conceal parts of her face while performing, she is one of the most-streamed Singaporean female singers on Spotify.
Jasmine Sokko was from Anderson Secondary school from 2009 to 2012. She graduated from Singapore Management University in 2016 with a Bachelor of Business Management degree. As a student, she was awarded the SMU Emerging Artist Award.
In 2016, Jasmine Sokko made her single debut "1057" which she also wrote and produced. She signed with 13 Orphans Records. The song was on the top of Spotify's Singapore viral charts when it was released. In 2017, she released her debut EP titled "N°" (Number), containing the singles, titled after numbers, she had released thus far.
In 2018, Jasmine Sokko released the single "Hurt", her first major label debut on Warner Music Singapore. She participated in the Chinese electronic music talent reality competition show Rave Now, which premiered on 1 December 2018. She was the only Singaporean and finished fourth in the competition.
In 2019, Jasmine Sokko became the first Singaporean music artist to win the award for Best Southeast Asian Act at the MTV Europe Music Awards. Driven by her participation in Rave Now, she released a Chinese language EP, Made in Future (Chinese: 新乐园; pinyin: Xīn Yuè Yuán) in November 2020.
In 2022, Jasmine Sokko worked with Lenovo’s Legion to produce a sound track and a 3 part mini-documentary.
In 2024, Jasmine Sokko opened for Coldplay at the National Stadium in Singapore during the Music of the Spheres World Tour.
Cakewalk Sonar

Sonar was a digital audio workstation created by the former Boston, Massachusetts–based music production software company Cakewalk. It was acquired by Singaporean music company BandLab Technologies and renamed Cakewalk by BandLab.
Sonar's features included:
Sonar provided limited facilities for video, surround sound (5.1, 7.1), and supported .avi, .mpeg, .wmv, and .mov files. Sonar had the ability to show videos as thumbnails contained in a separate track. With appropriate hardware, it was also possible to output the video to an external monitor screen via FireWire. Common SMPTE formats, frame sizes, and frame rates were supported. It was possible to transfer audio loop files from other compatible software into Sonar and complete a final mix down.
Various audio export options (including 64-bit masters) were AIFF, AU, CAF, FLAC, RAW, SD2, W64 (Sony Wave64), and WAV (Microsoft).
Starting with version 6, Sonar could take advantage of 64-bit internal processing, a 64-bit audio engine, and a 64-bit mixer on 64-bit versions of Windows Vista and Windows 7. Before the introduction of Sonar X2 in October 2012, the entry-level Essential versions of Sonar (Sonar Home Studio and Sonar Essential) were 32-bit only. With Sonar X2, the full program family became native 64-bit.
Starting with Sonar Platinum (February 2015), releases moved to a monthly cycle, with new features and demo products introduced with each update.
On 17 November 2017, parent company Gibson announced that it was ceasing active development and production of Cakewalk branded products, including all versions of SONAR. After 30 years of existence, Cakewalk, Inc. ceased operation, with only the company's web forum and license authorization servers still functional.
On 23 February 2018, Singapore-based BandLab Technologies announced its purchase of some of Cakewalk, Inc.’s assets and all of its intellectual property. BandLab's stated goal was continued development of the former company's flagship product, SONAR (now renamed Cakewalk by BandLab), as part of its portfolio of freeware digital audio workstation software.
In 2023, BandLab announced that the SONAR name would be revived for an updated version of Cakewalk by Bandlab, and that the new product would no longer be freeware.
Joseph Phua

Joseph Phua is a Singaporean-Taiwanese entrepreneur. He is the co-founder of the dating app Paktor and co-founder and chairman of the live streaming platform 17LIVE Group. He is also the founder of Next Apple News [zh] and chairman of the single family office Turn Capital.
Phua attended Stern School of Business, New York University, majoring in Finance for his undergraduate degree. He obtained a master's degree in Business Administration from Booth School of Business, University of Chicago. After graduation, he worked at McKinsey & Company and Citibank.
Phua is the founder of Paktor, a mobile dating app targeting Asia markets he launched in 2014. He was inspired by the dating app Tinder that he used while attending the University of Chicago in 2012.
In 2017, Phua merged Paktor with 17 Media, a live streaming platform founded by Jeffrey Huang, to form M17 Entertainment. After the merger, Phua became the CEO of M17 Entertainment. In 2020, he resigned as the CEO and assumed the role of chairman and the group was renamed 17LIVE Group. Phua is said to be 17LIVE's largest individual shareholder after the company went public on the Singapore Stock Exchange in 2023. In 2019, Phua was selected by Asian fashion media Tatler as a Generation T (Gen.T) award recipient.
In 2021, Phua's family investment office, Turn Capital, acquired the podcast platform SoundOn and merged it with the voice social service Goodnight. The same year, he also acquired Dapp Pocket and Cappuu of a Taiwanese blockchain company. The two companies, Dapp Pocket and Cappuu, were later merged into a retail blockchain finance platform Coinomo.
In September 2022, Phua founded Next Apple News [zh], an independent news platform in Taiwan. In December 2024 it was announced that Turnsport had made a financial association with Kings Lynn Football Club who play in the National League North, the 7th tier of England's Football pyramid.
In 2021, Phua announced the establishment of the Phua and Chang Family Scholarship, a University of Chicago Booth School of Business endowment. The scholarship was first awarded to a student from Taiwan.
Phua has one child with his wife, whom he met through the Paktor app.
SGAG

SGAG is a Singaporean social media website and news media company based in Singapore. The company was founded by Karl Mak and Adrian Ang on 14 November 2011, as a Singaporean spin-off of the popular social media website, 9GAG. Since the website's incorporation on April 10, 2013, it has 1.1 million likes on Facebook, 587k followers on Twitter and 701k followers on Instagram as of February 2022.
The company was co-founded as a Facebook page in 2011 by Singapore Management University students Karl Mak and Adrian Ang during one of their university classes, with the idea of having a Singapore version of 9GAG, with a focus on issues in Singapore and local Internet memes. The company first started going viral after its founders posted a meme after McDonald's Singapore ran out of curry sauce at its outlets, and has since then become popular among the youth for its funny video portrayals by Annette Lee as "Sue Ann" and "Suezanna Chole Tan".
In December 2014, SGAG first launched its website where users can sign up for an account and publish their own content on the website. The website also has a leaderboard that rewards active participants with a certain number of points per action, with top users standing a chance to win prizes. In addition to launching a new website, the company also released the mobile app version of their website on both Android and iOS.
On August 5, 2015, SGAG launched MGAG, the Malaysian branch of the company. MGAG also started off as a Facebook page before launching their own website.
On January 21, 2018, PGAG, the Filipino branch of the company, was launched by SGAG.
On November 27, 2019, SGAG launched "Off-Track", a strategy card game.
MeWatch

mewatch, formerly known as Toggle, is a Singaporean digital video on demand service owned and operated by Mediacorp. It was launched on 1 February 2013 as an over-the-top media service and an entertainment and lifestyle website Toggle.
On 1 April 2015, xinmsn, a joint venture between MediaCorp and Microsoft, was closed down and merged with Toggle. Before this, the brand co-existed with the Toggle service. On 30 January 2020, Toggle was renamed as mewatch.
mewatch (formerly Toggle) offers to worldwide audiences video streaming or on-demand content of programs from Mediacorp's archived library as well as original webseries. In addition, mewatch also offers live streaming of Mediacorp's free-to-air channels, which is only available in Singapore. It also offers catch-up TV for viewers to watch shows they have missed on prime time TV shows from the previous few days.
In 2016, Toggle began to offer made-for-digital productions under the brand Toggle Originals. Certain original series, such as I Want to Be a Star may be telecasted on Mediacorp's television channels, typically in the late night programming slots.
In 2019, Toggle began offering additional content from HBO Go. In the same year, Mediacorp and Wattpad inked partnership for developing scripted series and films for Toggle and Mediacorp FTA channels, based on books made by Wattpad writers that are based in Singapore. In 30 May 2019, Toggle began offering on-demand Korean movies from tvN Movies.
On 30 January 2020, Toggle was renamed mewatch. At the same time, Mediacorp made a content deal with HOOQ to stream the latter's original content. However, on 27 March 2020, HOOQ filed for liquidation, shut down on 30 April 2020, and eventually was acquired by Coupang in July 2020 in order to being used as the basis of its streaming service named Coupang Play.
Most recently, they had carried content such as anime and Mandarin content, along with premium channels including Rock Entertainment, HBO Asia (until September 2024) and Animax. They also have music channels such as Trace Urban and Now Rock.
Singaporean Canadians

Singaporean Canadians are Canadians of Singaporean descent.
There is a small community of Singaporeans in Canada, consisting largely of expatriate professionals and immigrants from Singapore and their families, as well as international students.
During the 1970s, arrivals to Canada from Singapore numbered less than 100 per year while in the following decade, immigrants born in Singapore averaged between 200 and 400. In the years 1989–91, arrivals from Singapore approached 1,000.
Many Singaporeans are employed by Canadian companies or in the public sector, including universities. They also figure prominently among medical doctors, accountants, engineers and architects. Approximately one-third are self-employed and have entered Canada under that category or as entrepreneurs. Most of their businesses are urban-based and often have a highly technical focus, such as computers or chemical and engineering products. Most Singaporeans in Canada tend to retain their citizenship in anticipation of possible return.
Between 1987 and 1991, some 1,500 to 1,800 Singaporean students were living in Canada.
Wong Li Lin

Wong Li Lin (born 30 August 1972) is a Singaporean media personality and businesswoman. She was formerly an actress and host on Singaporean television.
Wong is born to Wong Chee Kit, a carpenter and furniture company owner from Senai, Malaysia, and Leong Get Goh, a housewife. She is the youngest in a family of four children and has three elder brothers. She was educated at Haig Girls' School and Temasek Secondary School. She started ballet by chance at age 9 and started teaching at the age of 13 to supplement her fees. Wong was awarded the Loke Cheng Kim scholarship to the Royal Ballet School in London. Wong's parents separated when she is 13 and later divorced when she in her 20s.
Wong took time away from showbiz when she was awarded a second scholarship for her Master's degree in Anthropology at University of Surrey. She wrote her dissertation on Falun Gong as it combined her interests in movement, spirituality and her heritage as an ethnic Chinese. Wong graduated in 2001.
Wong was one of the pioneers in promoting pilates in Singapore, training many trainers who subsequently started their own studios. She continued teaching prolifically and founded several dance projects. She taught at Nanyang Academy of Fine Arts and founded several dance centres. It was while teaching at Singapore's television station that she was discovered and started a career in the media.
Wong Li Lin made her television debut in 1994 and has acted in dramas such as Masters of the Sea (1994) and Rising Expectations (长河) (1997). She became a household name for her lead role as Inspector Elaine Tay in Mediacorp Channel 5 cop drama Triple Nine (Season 1 and 2) from 1995 to 1997. After a brief hiatus from acting in 1999, she returned in 2001 and started acting frequently in Mediacorp Channel 8 dramas such as Love Me, Love Me Not (2001), The Challenge (谁与争锋) (2001) and The Reunion (顶天立地) (2001). She was also one of the four judges of the reality TV series, The Dance Floor.
In 2008, Wong starred in the Singapore romance film The Leap Years alongside Ananda Everingham, and was nominated for Best Performer in the Singapore Film Awards 2009. The movie was directed by Jean Yeo. She has also starred in several European movies and telemovies such as Love Under the Sign of the Dragon (2008), Tiger Team: The Mountain of the 1000 Dragons [de] (2010), Love in the Lion City (2009), and The Last Patriarch [de] (2010).
Wong has held leadership roles across multiple sectors and served organisations such as Parkway Pantai, Thomson Medical as deputy director and in 2017, executive director of the Public Hygiene Council under National Environment Agency. She was most recently chief operating officer at a real estate and F&B firm and currently holds the position of Chief Executive at Mint Media.
Wong married Chinese-American actor and host Allan Wu in Los Angeles, California, United States in December 2003. They have a daughter and a son. Wong and Wu divorced in June 2013.
Sukki Singapora

Sukki Singapora (born Sukki Menon, in Singapore) is a burlesque performer and activist. She is best known for being the first international burlesque performer from Singapore. She was awarded an "Asian Women of Achievement Award" for her views on freedom of expression for women in socially restrictive countries. Her television debut came in 2019 with the first docu series with an all Asian cast launching globally via Netflix, Singapore Social.
Her career choice as a burlesque performer, despite her stringent cultural background, has gained her a large international fanbase, leading to her founding The Singapore Burlesque Society in 2012 to protect primarily Asian women wanting to pursue a career in burlesque.
Singapora was born to a Singaporean Indian father with roots in Kerala, and an English mother, both doctors, and has two sisters. While young, her father moved the family to Cornwall, although she spent her childhood in a small Indian Singaporean community around the Goodman Road area in Singapore and was brought up with traditional Asian values. As a child, she trained in classical ballet. She became a British citizen at 18 and attended the University of Nottingham. After graduation, she worked in the IT industry.
In February 2011, she auditioned for a part in a cabaret theatre near Manchester and was hired as one of the dancers. She was slowly given more solos and was offered other gigs; "I was fortunate enough to be offered enough shows that I no longer needed a day job."
Singapora's burlesque performances are noted for being lavish with elaborate costumes and a Bollywood-influenced style. Her emphasis is on sensuality and fusing Western and Eastern styles with a particular nod to classic Hollywood glamour and inspiration from Barbara Yung, a 1950s American-Chinese performer.
She gained global recognition appearing in Esquire as "Women We Love", FHM India and the front cover of international burlesque magazine Burlesque Bible and in 2013 her performances were praised for their daring attitude.
In 2019 she made her television debut with the Netflix docu-series Singapore Social.
She is also a passionate activist who campaigns for women's rights.
Singapora became the world's first burlesque artist to be welcomed to Buckingham Palace for tea in celebration of her contribution to the arts as an Asian role model. She has observed a taboo and dislike of burlesque among the Asian community and has attempted to overcome prejudices and misconceptions about the performance style and to inspire others to experience it. She commented on her activism for Asian women, "This is not just an opportunity to prove that Burlesque can make a difference, it is a responsibility.”
Umutungo w'ingufu mu Rwanda

Vision 2020 y’u Rwanda irashimangira ikenerwa ry’imizamukire mu bukungu, ishoramari ryo mu rwego rw’abigenga n’itunganywa ry’ubukungu rishyigikiwe n’itangwa ry’ingufu ryizewe kandi ridahenze nk’ikintu cy’ibanze mu bikorwa byo gushaka kugera ku iterambere. Kugira ngo iyo mitunganyirize igerweho, igihugu kizagomba kongera umusaruro werekeranye n’ingufu no kunyuranya ibitanga ingufu na byo binyuranye.
Inyinshi muri izi nkomoko z’ingufu ntizabyajwe umusaruro ku buryo buhagije. Muri ubwo buryo, inkwi ziracyari iza mbere mu guha ingufu abaturage 94 ku ijana, ibikomoka kuri peteroli bivanwa mu mahanga bitwara amafaranga arenze 40 ku ijana mu kuyavunja. Ingufu ni ikintu kigize umasingi w’ubukungu. Birumvikana rero ko ingufu zitangwa ubungubu, zidahagije kandi zihenze, ari zo mbogamizi iterambere rirambye rifite.
Umutungo w’Amazi n’Ahantu Hahehereye

Amazi afite akamaro gahambaye bitari gusa ku buzima bw’abantu, ahubwo na none ku nyamaswa, ubuhinzi, iterambere mu byerekeranye n’inganda, amashanyarazi akomoka ku ngufu z’amazi, ubwikorezi, iterambere ry’imibereho myiza y’abaturage n’iry’ubukungu n’ivanwaho ry’ubukene.
U Rwanda rugabyemo ibibaya bibiri bitanga amazi by’ibanze : Nili mu burasirazuba igize 67 ku ijana kandi itanga 90 ku ijana by’amazi y’igihugu na Kongo mu burengerazuba igize 33 ku ijana ikanatunganya amazi yose y’igihugu. - Urwunge rw’imigezi n’ibiyaga by’igihugu ugizwe n’umubare mwinshi w’ibiyaga n’imigezi n’ahantu hahehereye habangikanye na byo. Ibarura rya vuba aha ry’ibishanga mu Rwanda ryakozwe mu 2008 ryabonye ibishanga 860, bitwikiriye ubuso rusange bwa 278 536 ha, ari byo10, 6 ku ijana by’ubuso bw’igihugu, ibiyaga 101 bitwikiriye 149487 ha, n’imigezi 861 ifite ibirometero 6462 by’uburebure (REMA 2008).
Ibishanga ni byo binyuranye mu buryo bw’imiterere no n’ubw’ubutabire kurusha ibindi bintu byose byerekeranye n’ibihumeka n’ibidahumeka bikoze ireme n’umwimerere by’ahantu mu rwego rw’ibidukikije biboneka mu mazi mu Rwanda. Muri ubwo buryo ni ahantu hahehereye hakurikijwe ibihe.Ibarura rya vuba aha ry’ahantu hahehereye ryakozwe mu 2008 ryerekanye ko u Rwanda rufite ibishanga 860 n’ibiyaga 101 bitwikiriye ubuso bwa 278.536 ha muri rusange (10,6 ku ijana by’ubuso bw’igihugu), n’i 149.487 ha, kuri buri kimwe. Iri barura nanone ryabonye imigezi 861, ifite igiteranyo cy’ibirometero 6.462 z’uburebure. 41 ku ijana by’ibishanga byabaruwe bitwikiriwe n’ibimera by’umwimerere, 53 ku ijana birimo ibihingwa, (ibi bikaba bigize hafi 148 344 ha) kandi hafi 6 ku ijana n’imirima yarajwe.
Idioma selk'nam

El idioma selk'nam u ona (variantes de escritura: shelk'nam, selknam, shilk'nam) es una lengua chon meridional que era hablada por los selk'nam u onas en la Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego.
El idioma selk'nam es una lengua al borde de la extinción, debido, por una parte, al genocidio selknam perpetrado por inmigrantes europeos patrocinados por empresarios ganaderos a fines del siglo XIX y, por otro lado, a muertes por enfermedades y a una radical ruptura de la sociedad tradicional ona. Una fuente indica que los últimos hablantes fluidos de esta lengua fallecieron en la década de 1980. Sin embargo, Rojas Berscia (2014) afirmó que dos personas (Joubert "Keyuk" Yantén, un joven chileno,​ y Herminia Vera, una mujer selknam de Argentina fallecida el 2014​), eran capaces de comunicarse en el idioma,​ aunque solo como semihablantes o hablantes con un conocimiento pasivo limitado de la lengua. El nombre "ona" proviene del idioma yagán y ha prevalecido sobre selk'nam, palabra que refleja el nombre que ellos utilizaban para autodenominarse.
Dentro del grupo chon meridional la máxima similitud se da con el haush, otra lengua chon hablada en la isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego.
Dentro de las lenguas de América se ha especulado que la familia chon podría estar relacionada con las lenguas mosetén formando una hipotética familia mosetén-chon o incluso podría estar relacionada con las lenguas pano-tacanas. Aunque la evidencia en favor de esto es inconclusa. Más especulativa aún es la clasificación de Joseph Greenberg, bastante discutida en la actualidad,​ el selk'nam habría sido una lengua amerindia del grupo andino meridional.
El selk'nam posee seis vocales, todas ellas se pueden agrupar en parejas de corta/ larga :
Najlis (1973) analiza las vocales [eː,aː,oː] como /Vh/ por lo que en su análisis el selk'nam posee sólo tres fonemas vocálicos, siendo el alargamiento consecuencia del contacto fonético con /h/. Por su parte Viegas Barros (1993) analiza esas vocales como fonemas vocálicos largos independientes.
El inventario de consonantes es el siguiente:​​
El fonema /č/ (= AFI ʧ) obviamente es fonéticamente africada, pero fonológicamente tiene un comportamiento y distribución equiparable a las oclusivas. Presenta dos alófonos:/čʼ/ ante sílaba acentuada, y /č/ ante sílaba no acentuada. Además Viegas Barros (1993) señala que en muchos casos /r/ y /l/ parecen estar en variación libre (1a) o variación dentro de la familia chon (1b) o variar de acuerdo con algún tipo de simbolismo fonético (1c):
Los grupos consonánticos pueden ser bastante complicados particularemente en las codas silábicas:
El selk'nam parece tener un orden básico OVS más concretamente, objeto-verbo-auxiliar-sujeto, tendiendo el núcleo sintáctico a estar al final del sintagma y a tener postposiciones:
El último ejemplo muestra dos características del selk'nam la existencia de elementos evidenciales (AF) y su variabilidad de acuerdo con el género gramatical.
La siguiente lista reproduce algunas palabras:
Lola Kiepja

Lola Kiepja (Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego, c. 1874 - Río Grande, 9 de octubre de 1966) fue una chamana selk'nam, conocida como "la última ona" o la "última selk'nam", debido a que fue la última persona perteneciente a la cultura selk'nam (ona) en conocimiento directo de las tradiciones y el modo de vida de ese pueblo de Tierra del Fuego, en el extremo sur del continente americano. Sin embargo, se ha señalado que Lola Kiepja no fue en realidad la última persona de etnia selk'nam, y que esa condición realmente le pertenece a Angela Loij, fallecida en 1974.​
La muerte de Lola Kiepja ha sido relacionada con el genocidio y la marginación sufridas por el pueblo selk'nam y otras culturas indígenas en América.
Nació alrededor del año 1874, como hija de Ket y Ejih, una pareja selk'nam de la Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego.​ Su abuelo materno, Alaken, era un historiador chamán reconocido dentro de su pueblo por su conocimiento expansivo del pasado legendario. Dos de sus tíos maternos también eran chamanes.
Tuvo 7 hijos con su primer esposo, Anik, un haush quien fue gravamente herido durante una batalla parte del genocidio selk'nam, el cual detuvo su proceso de convertirse en un chamán. Anik falleció alrededor de 1915, por lo cual Kiepja contrajo un segundo matrimonio con un chileno, alcanzando a tener 5 hijos con el. Pasó su vida adulta en una reserva indígena ubicada cerca del Lago Fagnano.
En 1964 la etnóloga estadounidense Anne Chapman viajó por primera vez a Tierra del Fuego para registrar las tradiciones y cantos selk'nam, según el testimonio de Lola Kiepja. Chapman ha relatado que la noción de que Lola Kiepja podía considerarse "la última ona", corresponde a la arqueóloga también francesa Annette Laming-Emperaire, quien le transmitió a Chapman la importancia de registrar su testimonio.​​
Chapman registró los cantos de Lola Kiepja en un grabador magnetofónico y varios de esos registros fueron publicados en dos discos producidos por el Museo del Hombre de París, bajo el título Selk'nam chants of Tierra del Fuego, Argentina (Cantos selk'nam de Tierra del Fuego, Argentina), algunas de las cuales pueden escucharse en Internet.​
En el invierno de 1966, ya con 92 años, fue trasladada en contra de su propia voluntad al Hospital Regional de Río Grande, a pesar de que haber declarado que preferiría no salir más de su pueblo natal. Falleció tres días después, el 9 de octubre, siendo enterrada en el cementerio de Río Grande, donde también serían enterradas en 1974 Ángela Loij y en 1999 Virginia Choquintel, la cual fue la última selk'nam pura.​
Anne Chapman

Anne MacKaye Chapman (Los Ángeles, Estados Unidos, 1922-París, Francia, 12 de junio de 2010) fue una antropóloga franco-estadounidense conocida por sus estudios sobre los pueblos fuéguidos, en especial de los selk'nam. Además realizó investigaciones sobre los pueblos de Mesoamérica como los tolupanes y lencas de Honduras.​
Su formación inicial como antropóloga la recibió en el Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia (ENAH) en México donde se encuentran resguardados los diarios de sus primeras etnografías.​ Sus cualidades como persona y como investigadora fueron puestas de relieve por centros de investigación de países de todo el mundo, especialmente en la Argentina.
A fines de 1964 viajó a Tierra del Fuego, iniciando así sus trabajos de campo con los últimos sobrevivientes selk'nam, como Lola Kiepja y Angela Loij. A partir de estas investigaciones escribió posteriormente varios libros, como Los selk’nam: la vida de los onas (1986), además de numerosos artículos en revistas especializadas. En 1985 comenzó a trabajar con las últimas cuatro mujeres que hablaban el idioma yagán.
Vivía varios meses al año en Argentina y Chile, generalmente durante el verano austral, y luego migraba hacia el hemisferio norte, Honduras, México, los Estados Unidos y París donde tenía otra vivienda estable.​​
Catalina Saugy, antropóloga social de la Universidad de Buenos Aires e investigadora del Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano (INAPL), la conoció desde la década de 1970 y la describió así:​​
También realizó documentales sobre la vida de los últimos miembros de las etnias selk'nam y yámana, incluyendo El Pueblo Ona: Vida y Muerte en Tierra del Fuego (1977, en colaboración con Ana Montes de González).​
Chapman convivió por muchos años con dos de los principales pueblos indígenas de Honduras los indígenas lencas (donde surgió el libro: Los hijos del Copal y la candela) y los tolupanes (Los hijos de la muerte; el universo mítico de los tolupanes).
Keyuk Yantén

Joubert Blas Eduardo Yantén Gómez (Santiago, 20 de noviembre de 1990),​ también conocido por su nombre indígena de «Keyuk»,​ es un lingüista chileno de ascendencia selknam conocido por ser el único orador fluido del idioma selk'nam tras la muerte de la argentina Herminia Vera en 2014. Ha promovido el uso de este lenguaje a través de música y poesía,​ y se ha desarrollado como un notable promotor de la incorporación del pueblo selk'nam dentro del reconocimiento estatal como uno de los pueblos indígena en Chile, el cual el Estado chileno consideró extinto hasta septiembre de 2023.​
Su bisabuelo, Terkoinar (hermano del chamán Tenenisk), fue un selk'nam nacido en Cerro Sombrero, aldea ubicada en Tierra del Fuego, antes de su colonización por parte de Chile y Argentina, y fue bautizado bajo el nombre español de Julio Gómez Cerda.​ Julio contrajo matrimonio en 1904 con Dorila Rozas, prima del senador y político chileno Ramón Rozas Garfias, quien había defendido al pueblo selknam frente al Congreso, demandado protección para este grupo indígena.​
Su madre, Ivonne Gómez Castro (Julpiniak), dice haber sufrido acoso escolar por su etnia en su juventud, por lo cual decidió mantener ascendencia indígena en secreto de su hijo para que no sufriera la misma discriminación.​ Por esto, Yantén no supo que tenía ascendencia selk'nam hasta los ocho años.​
Yantén dice haber comenzado sus estudios del idioma selk'nam con ayuda de su tío materno, quien le enseñó varias frases en este lenguaje antes de fallecer.​ En 2014, viajó a Tierra del Fuego junto al lingüista Luis Miguel Rojas-Berscia, donde alcanzó a hablar con Herminia Vera, una argentina hablante nativa, quien falleció en el julio de ese mismo año. Con el tiempo, estudió la lengua a través de los escasos diccionarios y grabaciones auditivas hechas por los jesuitas en Tierra del Fuego (incluyendo las de Lola Kiepja, una de las últimas mujeres selk'nam, fallecida en 1966),​​ y ayudado por los escasos conocimientos de su madre y su tío.
Ha colaborado en varios grupos musicales para mantener la lengua viva, grabando CD y formando una banda con dos amigos,​ la cual ha tocado en conciertos.​ Por mucho tiempo, el Ministerio de las Culturas, las Artes y el Patrimonio de Chile se negó a auspiciar estas actividades bajo la premisa de que la etnia selk'nam no estaba legalmente como un grupo indígena activo.​ Esto cambió en septiembre de 2023, cuando fue añadido a la lista de pueblos indígenas reconocidos en Chile.
Aparte de selk'nam, es hablante fluido en mapudungún (el idioma usado por los mapuches) y semifluido en Tehuelche, haush, Kawesqar, quechua, e inglés,​ aparte de estudiar el lenguaje usado por los yaganes. Gran parte de su conocimiento en esta última lengua fue logrado en colaboración con Cristina Calderón,​ la última hablante de este idioma, fallecida en 2022.
Street stunts

El Street Stunts es un tipo de actividad extrema, practicada por los llamados street stunters, o stunters. Street Stunts se caracteriza por sus elegantes y extremos movimientos, característicos de la gimnasia, por lo que se le denomina gimnasia urbana; sin embargo, también contiene características de otras disciplinas como: artes marciales y Breakdance. En Rusia, al Street Stunt se le conoce como Acro-Street.
Esta disciplina es característica por la implementación de movimientos que llevan al extremo las habilidades físicas humanas. Tales como Handstands (equilibrio, o parada de manos), Flips (mejor conocidos como Mortales) y Barhold (o bandera), que son muy comúnmente mezclados con movimientos similares a los que se pueden ver en otras disciplinas como el Parkour. Tales movimientos son generalmente llevados a cabo en la arquitectura urbana. La mala fama del Street Stunts proviene de que sus técnicas emplean movimientos peligrosos, que ponen en riesgo a sus practicantes; no obstante, eso solo depende de la habilidad que tenga el individuo, su confianza y destreza.
Mobiliario urbano

El mobiliario urbano (a veces llamado también elementos urbanos) es el conjunto de objetos y equipamiento instalados en la vía pública para varios propósitos. En este conjunto se incluyen bancos, papeleras, barreras de tráfico, buzones, bolardos, baldosas, empedrado, paradas de transporte público (en las que podemos encontrar marquesinas), cabinas telefónicas, entre otros. Generalmente son instalados por los ayuntamientos para el uso del vecindario,​ o bien adjudicándolos a un privado para que este obtenga beneficios explotando la publicidad en la vía pública. Las variables más importantes consideradas en el diseño del mobiliario urbano son, cómo este afecta la seguridad de la calle, la accesibilidad y el vandalismo.
Los elementos urbanos identifican la ciudad y a través de ellos podemos conocer y reconocer las ciudades. Llegan a definirse como una parte constituyente del ADN de la identidad de la ciudad. El diseño de un mobiliario urbano que responda y se adecúe a los espacios, coloridos y los usos que la sociedad demanda es una tarea muy comprometida. Para ello es fundamental la comprensión del medio y una lectura clara detenida de su comportamiento dentro del marco donde vaya a ser ubicado, más si se trata de una ciudad monumental o histórica y con peculiaridades específicas.
Dado que la mayoría de los artículos de mobiliario urbano son de naturaleza utilitaria, las autoridades generalmente los mantienen actualizados y los reemplazan regularmente (generalmente para cumplir con las reglamentaciones, los códigos de seguridad, etc.).​​ Debido a esto, los muebles antiguos, anticuados, obsoletos o incluso no funcionales pueden ser raramente vistos y tienen una fascinación especial e inspiran nostalgia para mucha gente.
El parque Tiergarten en Berlín tiene una colección de farolas antiguas de todo el mundo, tanto de gas como eléctricas.​
El mobiliario urbano en sí se ha convertido en una parte importante de las identidades de muchas naciones, tanto que uno puede reconocer la ubicación por su diseño; ejemplos famosos de esto incluyen:
Constantino Manuel Torres

Constantino Manuel Torres, más conocido como Manuel Torres, es un arqueólogo y etnobotánico especializado en la etnobotánica precolombina de América del Sur y el Caribe. En particular, ha profundizado las investigaciones sobre el uso inhalatorio de la Anadenanthera peregrina, llamada Cohoba por la cultura Taína, su parafernalia y la arqueología asociada. Es profesor emérito de Historia del arte en la Universidad Internacional de Florida en Miami, Estados Unidos.​​
Xalpen

En la mitología selknam, Xalpen, Jalpen o Alpen es un espíritu femenino subterráneo, de gran importancia en la ceremonia del Hain.​​ Equivale a lo que podría considerarse una diosa del inframundo.
Al igual que los demás espíritus del Hain, Xalpen sólo subsiste en la creencia de mujeres y niños.​
Xalpen es el principal espíritu de la ceremonia del Hain.​ Es la figura más iracunda y abominable de todas las creaciones del Hain. Es descrita como una “hembra caníbal, voraz y colérica”. Exigía a los klóketen que le llevaran carne de guanaco. Sin embargo, en cierto momento del Hain, desataba su furia y se arrojaba sobre los klóketen para luego comer su carne. Usando su larga y afilada uña, despedazaba a los jóvenes. Mientras esto supuestamente sucedía, los hombres en el interior del Hain se ocupaban de hacer los efectos de sonido para hacer creer a las mujeres que observan que sus hijos eran atacados por el malvado espíritu subterráneo.​
Además de alimentarse de carne humana, Xalpen llevaba bajo tierra a hombres del Hain, especialmente a los klóketen, con el fin de saciar momentáneamente sus apetitos sexuales y, en ocasiones, abandona a estos jóvenes en el inframundo.​​
A diferencia de otros espíritus de esta ceremonia, no es repesentada por ningún actor, sino que era fabricado, por los hombres participantes del Hain, con arcos rellenos con hierbas para darle volumen y solidez. Su armazón era forrada con pieles de guanaco, las que eran cosidas y pintadas con arcilla roja.​​
Su función en la ceremonia del Hain era la de atemorizar a las mujeres, quienes tenía prohibido acercarse al lugar donde se desarrollaba la ceremonia, pudiendo observar desde lejos solamente.​
Los shoorts, soorts, soortes o sorths son espíritus subordinados a Xalpen. Existen 7 shoorts principales y una gran variedad de shoorts subordinados.​
A los shoorts subordinados no se les asignan un nombre específico.​
Kren

Kren, Kran o Krren, es el dios del sol en la mitología selknam. Es uno de los howenh más importantes, puesto que simboliza el fin de la sociedad matriarcal y el inicio de la sociedad patriarcal. Su figura se asocia al origen de la ceremonia del Hain.​​
Kren era apreciado por los selknam, ya que se le considera benevolente y bienintencionado con los hombres.​ Debido a su habilidad e inteligencia, todos los demás se subordinan a su juicio.
Kren era hijo de Kranakhátaix,​ el antiguo dios del sol. Mientras Kranakátaix se encontraba en el cielo, Kren estaba aún en la tierra, donde era un hábil cazador. Una vez que su padre dejó de brillar, Kren pasó a ser el nuevo dios del sol.
Kren estaba casado con Kre, la diosa de la luna, y juntos tenían una hija, Tamtam.​
Durante la era de mitológica, Kre, esposa de Kren fue considerada por mucho tiempo la howenh más poderosa, luego de Temáukel. Las howenh más jóvenes ganaban su posición social de mujeres adultas mediante la ceremonia del Hain. En dicha ceremonia, las jóvenes howenh simulaban ser poderosos espíritus provenientes del inframundo con el fin de atemorizar a los howenh masculinos y someterlos bajo su poder. Sin embargo, en una ocasión, durante la realización de la ceremonia del Hain, tres howenh, Sit, Kehke y Chechu, provenientes del Kéikruk o Cielo Oeste, descubrieron la verdad. Sit dio aviso a los demás hombres y Kren, furioso por la revelación, arrojó a su esposa Kre al fuego, razón por la cual la luna presenta manchas. Kren ordenó matar a todas las howenh que conocían el secreto del Hain, sobreviviendo sólo aquellas que no habían sido iniciadas. Entre las howenh asesinadas estaba la misma hija de Kren, Tamtam.​
Lo ocurrido puso fin al matriarcado existente hasta entonces, y dio origen a la ceremonia del Hain masculino.
Ángela Loij

Ángela Loij López (c. 1900 – 18 May 1974), baptized as Ángela Gómez, was an Argentine-Chilean woman considered to be the last surviving individual of full-blooded Selkʼnam (Ona) descent, an indigenous group that resides in Tierra del Fuego.
As a young woman, she married Nelson Qànqòt, a Haush baptized by missionaries as Toribio, with whom she had two daughters and a son: Víctor Nelson (born 1919), Laura Soto (born 1922), and Luisa Nelson (born 1926). She participated in a traditional Hain ceremony documented in 1924 by Austrian ethnologist Martin Gusinde. During the late 1930s, she joined missionaries and was baptized to leave her conflictive relationship with her husband. All three of her children died in 1938 of tuberculosis without further descendants. In 1955, she married José Isaías Ule, a young Chilean worker who died in 1969, after which she inherited his house, where she lived on until he died.
In her later years, she was studied by anthropologist Anne Chapman. Loij was born at the Estancia Sara ranch, north of Río Grande, where her father, Loij, worked as a shepherd. She had one brother, Pascual. Her grand-niece, Amalia Gudiño, became a nurse and was elected as a deputy in the Argentine Chamber of Deputies in 1995, becoming the first indigenous person to serve as a deputy in Argentina. Loij was found dead in her home in May 1974, victim of a stroke she suffered at dawn. A school in the Río Grande Department was named in her honour.
Selkʼnam language

Selkʼnam, also known by the exonym Ona, is a language formerly spoken by the Selkʼnam people in Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego in southernmost South America.
One of the Chonan languages of Patagonia, Selkʼnam is now extinct, due to the late 19th-century Selkʼnam genocide by European immigrants, high fatalities due to disease, and disruption of traditional society. One source states that the last fluent native speakers died in the 1980s. Radboud University linguist Luis Miguel Rojas-Berscia worked with two individuals to write a reference grammar of the language, namely, Herminia Vera-Ona (died 2014), a semi-speaker who spoke Ona until the age of 8, and Joubert "Keyuk" Yanten [es], a young man who started learning the language after learning he was part-Selkʼnam at the age of 8. At the time the grammar was written, the latter was believed to be the only living individual fluent in Selkʼnam, albeit not natively.
Within the Southern Chon language family, Selkʼnam is closest to Haush, another language spoken on the island of Tierra del Fuego.
There is speculation that Chon together with the Moseten languages, a small group of languages in Bolivia, form part of a Moseten-Chonan language family.
The Selkʼnam people, also known as the Ona, are an indigenous people who inhabited the northeastern part of the archipelago of Tierra del Fuego for thousands of years before Europeans arrived. They were nomads known as "foot-people," as they did their hunting on land, rather than being seafarers.
The last full-blooded Selkʼnam, Ángela Loij, died in 1974. They were one of the last aboriginal groups in South America to be reached by Europeans. Their language, believed to be part of the Chonan family, is considered extinct as the last native speakers died in the 1980s. Currently, Selkʼnam communities are revitalizing the language. A man of mixed Selkʼnam and Mapuche ancestry, Joubert Yanten Gomez (indigenous name: Keyuk) has successfully taught himself the language.
Based on available data, Selkʼnam seems to have had 3 vowels and 23 consonants.
Selkʼnam's three vowels were /a, ɪ, ʊ/.
There was also a simple tone system, which Najlis (1973) analyzed as high and low tone, and Martini (1982) analyzed as pitch accent.
The Ona language is an object–verb–subject language (OVS). This is a rare word order: only 1% of languages use it as their default word order. There are only two word classes in Selkʼnam: nouns and verbs.
The Selkʼnam language has Chonan vocabulary similar to the Haush language, though some words have been adopted from Spanish and English, such as the word for "cat", in Selkʼnam, kʼlattítaŭ; from the Spanish word gatito, which translates to "kitten".
The following is a list of examples of comparative vocabulary from Chonan languages: Selkʼnam, Haush and Tehuelche; and also vocabulary from the unrelated Yahgan (Yámana).
البرج الايقونى

البرج الايقونى Iconic Tower (Egypt) هو برج تحت الإنشاء يقع فى حى المال والأعمال بالعاصمة الإدارية فى القاهرة، مصر تنفذه شركة CSCEC الصينية، ارتفاع البرج 385 متر وسيصبح أطول برج فى مصر وقارة افريقيا. ابتدا صب خرسانة البرج فى شهر فبراير 2019. وبعدها أخذ البرج فى الارتفاع بسرعة ملحوظه لحد خلص صب الهيكل الخرسانى للبرج فى شهر يونيه من سنة 2021 (بحسب الشركة الصينية المنفذة) واستعانت الشركة الصينية بالكتير من المهندسين والعمال المصريين فى تنفيذ المشروع.
سيضم البرج فندق وشقق سكنية ومكاتب إدارية كمان سوق تجاري، سوق للذهب، سوق للالكترونيات، مجمع سينما ومسرح، حلبة تزلج على الجليد ومهبط مروحيات.
اوبليسكو كابيتال
كنيسة القديس جورج (القاهرة)

كنيسة القديس جورج أو كنيسة مارجرجس هيا الكنيسة المستديرة الوحيدة فى مصر. تم تشييدها فى القرن العاشر على قمة البرج الروماني بحصن بابليون.
شيدها الكاتب الثرى أثناسيوس سنة 684 ميلادية ، وتعد من أجمل كنائس الحصن الرومانى «حصن بابليون»، وتعرضت الكنيسة للحرق ولم يبق منها سوى قاعة استقبال بخارجها تعرف "بقاعة العرسان" يرجع تاريخها الى القرن الرابع عشر.
والكنيسة مرتبطة بدير سانت جورج. والكنيسة هيا مقر كرسي بابا وبطريرك كنيسة الاسكندرية للروم الأرثوذكس.
اثار قبطيه مصريه
زياد برجى

زياد حسنى برجي(19 مارس 1973 -) ملحن، مغنى وممثل لبنانى.
فى فبراير 2015 اكتوبر تجوز برجي من حبيبته المغربيه سناء فرح وفى 28 نوفمبر رزقا بطفلتهما الأولى نور تعرض للانتقاد عند تقديمه للقربان المقدس كونه يتبع الطائفة الشيعيه. وفى 7 اغسطس رزق بابنه التانى «يوسف»