davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Pilcaya

Pilcaya is a town and municipal seat of the municipality of Pilcaya in the Mexican state of Guerrero. It is located 153 kilometres (95 mi) from Mexico City, 105 kilometres (65 mi) from Cuernavaca, 84 kilometres (52 mi) from Toluca, 68 kilometres (42 mi) from Taxco and 5 kilometres (3 mi) from Ixtapan de la Sal. The name "Pilcaya" is from the Nahuatl word pilcacyan, place of a hanging object.
Pilcaya is mainly an agricultural town with a population of 4,899. Its main agricultural activity is the cultivation of gladiola flowers which growers sell in nearby Tenancingo and Mexico City. There is also a recent surge in the building of greenhouses which mainly grow tomatoes for the domestic market.
Sanctuary of La Imaculada Concepción, whose construction was initiated in 1650 and is still in use. Parque Nacional Grutas de Cacahuamilpa
As municipal seat, Pilcaya has governing jurisdiction over the following communities: La Concepcion, Cacahuamilpa, El Mogote, El Sauz, Crucero de Grutas, El Platanar, Juchimilpa, El Bosque, Nombre de Dios, Los Sauces, Santa Maria, Chimaltitlan, Amatitlan, Cuitlapa, El Uvalar, Tecuanipa, Chichila, Piedras Negras, El Transformador, and Santa Teresa. The population of the municipality of Pilcaya is 10,050 as of 2005. The municipality of Pilcaya is the only municipality in Guerrero to border both the state of Mexico and the state of Morelos. It borders the municipio of Ixtapan, Tonatico, Zumpahuacán, Coatepec Harinas and Zacualpan in state of Mexico to the north and west. To the east it borders Coatlan del Rio in the state of Morelos. And to the south it borders Taxco and Tetipac, both in the state of Guerrero. The territorial extension of Pilcaya is 91.724 square kilometres (35.415 sq mi). The population of the municipality as of 2005 was 10,851.
William Spratling Museum

The William Spratling Museum (Museo Guillermo Spratling) is a museum in Taxco, Guerrero, Mexico. The museum contains 293 archeological pieces that were part of William Spratling's personal collection. There are bone and shell pieces, objects made with semi-precious stones, as well as jars and figurines, all from various parts of Mesoamerica. The most outstanding pieces are a skull covered in jade and a stele. There is a collection of counterfeit artifacts as well. Another area is devoted to the silverwork designs and the workshops that Spratling created in Taxco and Taxco el Viejo.
فريدريك نيتشه

فريدريك فيلهيلم نيتشه (ألمانى: Friedrich Wichelemietzsche, نطق: [ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈvɪlhɛlm ˈniːtsʃə]) مواليد 15 اكتوبر 1844 م و اتوفى 25 اغسطس 1900 م كان من اشهر فلاسفة المانيا و اهتم بالاديان والاخلاق والثقافه.بدا فى حياته كفقيه فى اللغه بعد كده تحول للفسلفه.
تميز نيتشه بطريقته و نقده الحاد للدين وباعتراضه على فكر القطيع اللذى سيطر على البشر وان على الانسان ان يحرر عقله من اوهام الدين حسب رأيه.
و وصى اخته قبل موته ان لا يحضر قسيس ليدعو له بعد موته لكن اخته من شفقها عليه عارضته و احضرت له قسيس
العدرا و الطفل مع القديسه ان و القديس يوحنا المعمدان

العذراء والطفل مع القديسه آن والقديس جون المعمدان و اسمها كمان بيت برلينجتون الكرتونى, هيا لوحه رسمها ليوناردو دا فينشى بالفحم و الطبشور الأبيض و الأسود على تمن أوراق اتلزقت ببعضها بالصمغ. و بسبب حجمها و شكلها الكبيربين من المفترض تكون اللوحه مطليه على كرتون مخصص للغرض دا
روجينا

روجينا ممثله مصريه.
من مواليد يوم 16 ابريل 1973, حاصلة على شهادة البكالوريوس بالتمثيل و الاخراج من المعهد العالى للفنون المسرحية. سنه 1990 ابتدت تشارك بأدوار صغيره فالاعمال التلفزيونية وقت دراستها فى المعهد. ظهرت بقوة بمسلسل العيلة سنة 1994, و فى السينما مع يوسف شاهين فى فيلم المصير سنة 1997. و اخدت أدوار البطولة فى الأعمال التلفزيونية.
اتجوزت و هيه صغيرة من أستاذها بالمعهد الممثل و المخرج اشرف زكى اخو الممثلة ماجده زكى, عندهم بنتين: مايا الى دخلت مجال الاخراج و مريم.
سيد الملاح

سيد الملاح (14 يوليه 1937 - 15 يناير 2005) مونولوجست مصرى دمه خفيف ابتدا فى الستينات وظهر نجمه فى السبيعينات من القرن العشرين حافظ على وظيفته لغاية ماوصل لمنصب وكيل وزارة التربية والتعليم
توفى سيد الملاح يوم 15 يناير 2005 فى مستشفى القصر العينى فى القاهره عن عمر 67 سنه
زهير رمضان

زهير رمضان كان ممثل سورى.
زهير رمضان اتولد يوم 21 يونيه سنة 1959, اتخرج من قسم التمثيل فى المعهد العالى للفنون المسرحيه فى دمشق سنة 1983, بقى عضو فى نقابه الفنانين السوريين بنفس السنه, اكتشفه الفنان ايمن زيدان و قدم اول ادواره من خلال مسرحية حاره الشحادين مع الفنان حسن دكاك, بعدها اتجه للدراما التلفزيونيه و الاذاعيه, شارك فى ادوار كتيره كان اشهرها دور "ابو جودت" رجل الشرطه الفاسد فى مسلسل باب الحاره بكل اجزائه.
انتخب لمنصب نقيب الفنانين السوريين فى 10 اكتوبر 2014, و كمان بقى عضو فى مجلس الشعب السورى لدورة سنة 2016.
اتوفى زهير رمضان مساء الاربع 17 نوفمبر سنة 2021 بعمر 62 سنه بعد تعرضه لالتهاب رئوى حاد, بحسب ما اعلنته وزارة الاعلام فى سوريا.
لم يتم العثور على روابط لمواقع التواصل الاجتماعي.
امارات رزق

إمارات رزق (16 سبتمبر 1985 -), ممثله سوريه.
اتجوزت من المخرج السينمائى يوسف رزق اللى ساعد فى دخولها للمجال الفنى و سنه 2008 خلفو ابنهم دانيال. بس انفصلو بعد كده بسبب غيرتها عليه. و بعده اتجوزت من المغنى حسام جنيد و خلفو ابنهم وطن سنة 2013, و قدمو برنامج «نورت سمانا» على قناه سما السوريه سنه 2014, و فى سبتمبر 2018 خلفو بنتهم إحساس و فى سبتمبر 2019 اعلنو انفصالهم
الجامعه الفرنساويه ف مصر

هيا جامعه خاصه غير هادفه للربح اتفتحت فى مصر سنة 2002 بالتعاون مع كبرى الجامعات الفرنساويه: جامعة باريس-III(السوربون الجديدة) - جامعة نانتس - جامعة كورسى -Haute Alsace (Mulhouse-Colmar) Université. فيه كمان اتفاق مع جامعة باريس-VI بخصوص كلية الهندسة, الجامعه مقرها مدينة الشروق اللى هيا بتبعد حوالى 37 كم من قلب القاهرة. الجامعه بتستخدم الفرنساوى كلغه اساسيه فى التعليم لكن كمان فيه كورسات بالعربى و الانجليزى وده بيخلى الخريجين يقدروا يشتغلوا بأى لغه من التلت لغات دول فى مجال اختصاصهم.
الجامعه افتتحها الرئيس الفرنساوى السابق جاك شيراك و الرئيس المصرى السابق حسنى مبارك فى سنة 2006 تحت إسم الجامعه الفرنساويه ف مصر ("الجامعة الفرنسية فى مصر").
فيه تلت كليات لحد دلوقتى هيا اللى مفتوحه. و فيه كمان حرم جامعى تانى فى المهندسين مخصص للدراسات العليا.
List of papyri from ancient Egypt

This list of papyri from ancient Egypt includes some of the better known individual papyri written in hieroglyphs, hieratic, demotic or in ancient Greek. Excluded are papyri found abroad or containing Biblical texts which are listed in separate lists.
The content descriptions are preceded by a letter in bold font, indicating the literary genre it belongs to. In the case of collections of texts of various kinds, the first letter refers to the most important text on the papyrus.
Ramez Galal

Ramez Galal (Arabic: رامز جلال; born 20 April 1973) is an Egyptian prankster, actor, and singer. He graduated from the Egyptian Academy of Arts.
Ramez Galal is the son of the theater director Galal Tawfik and the younger brother of Yasser Galal. He studied at Kasr Al Tefl primary school and then moved to El Orman preparatory school. His secondary school was El Giza. After graduating, Galal decided to join the institute for dramatic arts, the acting and directing section. Galal entered military service after graduating, then returned to acting. In his early career, he got the chance to act alongside the prominent actor Salah Zulfikar in the 1993 TV special "Al-Rajul Al-Tayeb". In 2014 he appeared in a TV advertisement for Zain.
In his prank show episodes, which are aired during Ramadan, Galal's guests are seen in fear for their lives. He has pranked famous Egyptian people and international stars like Paris Hilton, Steven Seagal, and Shah Rukh Khan. The reaction by Shah Rukh Khan during the punked show, was the fourth most trending YouTube video during the first week of Ramadan 2017. Despite the wild popularity of his shows, Galal has met with criticism. A person speaking for animal rights complained that a lion was sedated for the show. Another critic said the "insults" that fly when his guests are punked ruin Egypt's reputation. In 2020, Zamalek president Mortada Mansour filed a lawsuit demanding that Ramez Magnoon Rasmy (Ramez is Officially Crazy) prank show be suspended.
In an interview discussing the 2017 Minya attack where 29 Christians, including children, on their way to a monastery in Minya were killed, Galal burst into tears describing his feelings about the tragedy.
Enez Naoned

Enez Naoned, pe Enez Beaulieu, zo un enezenn e kêr Naoned, e-kreiz ar stêr Liger, pevar c'hilometrad hed dezhi, hag unan eus unnek karter kêr Naoned. En hanternoz dezhi emañ brec'h ar Vadalen, hag er c'hreisteiz brec'h Pirmil.
Enez Prad an Dug

Enez Pradenn an Dug pe Prad an Dug (Île de la Prairie-au-Duc e galleg) a oa un enezenn el Liger, e kêr Naoned, hiziv stag ouzh Enez Naoned.
Dug Breizh an hini a oa perc'henn war an inizi el Liger, ha sede a belec'h e teu anv an enez-mañ.
D'an 9 a viz Gouhere 1485 eo en enez e voe krouget Pierre Landais, kentañ kuzulier an dug Frañsez II a Vreizh, ouzh ar post kroug savet gant ar c'huzulier meur a vloaz a-raok.
En XIX kantved e voe greantelaet ar c'hornad, dreist-holl goude savet ar Pont Haudaudine en 1876 ha digoret an ti-hent-houarn Gare de Nantes-État en 1887. E 1896 e voe krouet an embregerezh Biscuiterie nantaise, ha staliet he sez eno, plasenn Frañsez II.
Enez Forget

Enez Forget (Île Forget e galleg) zo un enezenn tost ouzh ribl kleiz al Liger, e kumun Sant-Sebastian-an-Enk, el Liger-Atlantel hag e Bro-Naoned, e gevred Breizh. Muzuliañ a ra 850 m a hirder ha 300 m a ledred, gant ur c'horread a 18 ha.
Stag eo ouzh ribl kleiz al Liger er su hag ouzh Enez Naoned en norzh gant pontoù ar Vendée hag ouzh Enez Pinette er reter ivez.
Un enezenn bublik eo gant tachennoù dudi bet staliet warni (ur roudenn BMX, leurioù c'hoari, un dachenn vell-droad hag all).
C'hoarioù Breizh

C'hoarioù Breizh a zo un hollad kenstrivadegoù sportoù ha c’hoarioù eus ar broioù keltiek. En o zouesk e kaver ar gouren, ar paledoù war wenn, ar vell-droad ouezelek, ha re all. Aozet e vint evit ar wech kentañ e miz Gouere 2022 en Naoned.
Johanna Rolland

Johanna Rolland, ganet d'an 11 a viz Mae 1979 e Naoned, zo ur bolitikourez vreizhat, ezel eus ar Strollad Sokialour.
Skoliet e voe e Gwerzhav (skolaj Jean Monnet) hag e Naoned (lise ar Bourdonnières), ma tapas he bachelouriezh en 1997. Daou vloavezh studioù uhel a reas el lise Gabriel-Guist'hau a-raok mont d'an Ensavadur ar studioù politikel e Lille ma voe diplomet en 2001. Goude e reas ur master « diorren lec'hel ar C'hêr » e skol-veur Pierre Mendès-France e Grenoble .
Maerez kêr Naoned (Liger-Atlantel) eo abaoe ar 4 a viz Ebrel 2014. 135vet maer Naoned eo. Ar vaerez kentañ eo.
Goude dilennadegoù ti-kêr 2020, ma voe trec'h, eo bet lakaet ganti banniel Breizh war talbenn ti-kêr Naoned. Embannet he deus nebeut goude e vo savet ur referendom gant ar Stad gall diwar-benn adunvaniezh Breizh, hag e vo votet a-enep ganti.
Machines of the Isle of Nantes

The Machines of the Isle of Nantes (French: Les Machines de l'île) is an artistic, touristic and cultural project based in Nantes, France. The project is based in the old covered buildings of the former shipyards in Nantes that were at one time used for ship construction (les nefs), and later used as business sites.
The Great Elephant (2007) is a mechanical elephant, 12 metres (39 ft) high and 8 metres (26 ft) meters wide, made from 45 tons of wood and steel. It can take up to 49 passengers for a 45-minute walk. It is an inexact replica of The Sultan's Elephant from Royal de Luxe, which toured the world from 2005 to 2007; the main difference being that this elephant is designed to carry spectators.
The Marine Worlds Carousel (2012) is a huge carousel, rising nearly 25m high and measuring 20m in diameter. It features 35 moving underwater creatures on three levels: the ocean floor, the depths, and sea and boats. Visitors will be able to move about amidst a ballet of aquatic animals and sea carriages, as well as climb aboard and guide the movements of the Machines.
The Heron Tree was an under-construction steel structure planned to be 50 meters in diameter and 30 meters in height, topped with two herons. The project plans to allow visitors to climb either onto the back or onto the wings of the birds for a circular flight over the hanging gardens of the tree. The project was canceled in 2023.
The Machine Gallery is an exhibition place to illustrate the background story of the machines. Some visitors are invited to control marine animals or the European Flight Test Center. The entire process of the construction is on display by sketches, models and films.
47°12′22″N 1°33′53″W﻿ / ﻿47.20600°N 1.56482°W﻿ / 47.20600; -1.56482
La Machine (production company)

La Machine is a French production company based in Nantes, France, which is famous for La Princesse, a 50-foot mechanical spider constructed in Nantes, France.
The group was formed by artists, designers, fabricators and technicians in early 1990s and is currently led by François Delarozière, Artistic Director and creator of La Princesse. It is known for its theatrical machines, permanent installations, and also its own theatrical productions.
Le Manège d'Andrea is an art carousel made of steel, wood, and copper. Instead of horses, the merry-go-round has non-traditional animals including a stag beetle, a blowfish, and a sea monster, as well as objects such as an ocean liner and a biplane.
A classical live performance in collaboration with industrial machines. Scores were composed by Dominique Malan.
Exhibition of machines created to be shown in public places. Has visited Nantes, Calais, Antwerp, Toulouse, and Marseille, as well as Paris in 2006, where it was seen by over 50,000 people.
Les Machines de l'Île or Machines of the Isle of Nantes is a gallery containing Le Grand Éléphant, as well as other creations by La Machine, which the public can visit. It is at the edge of the river Loire, in an old shipyard. Other productions are expected to appear there, with Le Carrousel du Monde Marins, a merry-go-round, opened to the public in 2012 but also La Galerie des Machines, a place where new productions are exposed to be tested by the audience.
Le Manège Carré Sénart is a square merry-go-round, which showed off insects and buffalo, and appeared just outside Paris. It is scheduled to visit Madrid in late 2008, and St Petersburg in 2009.
A 60-foot mechanical spider named La Princesse was installed in Liverpool in early September 2008, as part of the city's European Capital of Culture 2008 celebrations. It was operated by 12 people controlling the 8 legs and other movements of the spider. It was toured around city landmarks such as St George's Hall and the Albert Dock, and was seen walking down streets and climbing onto the side of a derelict tower block at the end of each performance. The performance was seen by Liverpool residents and tourists estimated at estimated 150,000 over the weekend, despite the poor weather, and attracted worldwide media attention to the city. The show's £1.8 million price tag was criticised by some.
Luna Park

Luna Park is a name shared by dozens of currently operating and defunct amusement parks. They are named after, and partly based on, the first Luna Park, which opened in 1903 during the heyday of large Coney Island parks. Luna parks are small-scale attraction parks, easily accessed, potentially addressed to the permanent or temporary residential market, and located in the suburbs or even near the town center. Luna parks mainly offer classic funfair attractions (great wheel), newer features (electronic displays) and catering services.
The original Luna Park on Coney Island, a massive spectacle of rides, ornate towers and cupolas covered in 250,000 electric lights, was opened in 1903 by the showmen and entrepreneurs Frederic Thompson and Elmer "Skip" Dundy. The park was either named after the fanciful airship Luna, part of the new park's central attraction A Trip to the Moon, or after Dundy's sister. Luna Park was a vastly expanded attraction built partly on the grounds of Sea Lion Park, the first enclosed amusement park on Coney Island which closed down due to competition from nearby Steeplechase Park.
In 1905, Frederick Ingersoll, who was already making a reputation for his pioneering work in roller coaster construction and design (he also designed scenic railroad rides) borrowed the name when he opened Luna Park in Pittsburgh and Luna Park in Cleveland. These first two amusement parks, like their namesake, were covered with electric lighting (the former was adorned with 67,000 light bulbs; the latter, 50,000). Later, in 1907, Charles Looff opened another Luna Park in Seattle, Washington. Ultimately, Ingersoll opened 44 Luna Parks around the world, the first chain of amusement parks. For a short time, Ingersoll renamed his parks Ingersoll's Luna Park to distinguish them from the Luna Parks to which he had no connection. Ingersoll's death in 1927 and the closing of most of his Luna Parks did not stop new parks from taking the name.
Today, the term luna park or lunapark is a noun meaning "amusement park" in several languages, including Indo-European languages such as Polish, French, Italian, Russian, Croatian, Serbian, Bosnian, Slovenian, and Greek (λούνα παρκ, loúna park), as well as Turkish, Hungarian and Hebrew (לוּנָה פַּארְק, but the term גן שעשועים lit. 'park of amusements' is also widely used).
Riverfront Park Carousel

The Riverfront Park Carrousel, also known as the Looff Carrousel and the Natatorium Carousel, is a carousel in Spokane, Washington built in 1909 by Charles I. D. Looff as a gift for Looff's daughter Emma Vogel and her husband Louis Vogel, who owned Natatorium Park in Spokane. It remained at Natatorium Park until 1968 when the park closed. The carousel was then relocated to its present location at Riverfront Park in 1975 where it continues to operate. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 19, 1977.
The Looff still contains its original 1900 Ruth & Sohn band organ, which plays 87 key B.A.B. rolls, although due to deteriorating player rolls, a digitized recording is played during the carousel's operation. The organ was manufactured in Waldkirch, Germany and imported by Looff around 1900. The carousel contains 54 horses, one giraffe, one tiger, one goat and two chariots, all hand carved by Looff himself. It also has a ring dispenser, which allows the outside riders to grab a ring during each pass and then toss the ring at a clown with a hole in his mouth. If the rider is successful in capturing the brass ring, they can turn it in to win a free ride on the carousel.
Since 1975, the carousel has been located on the south bank of the Spokane River in Riverfront Park. The park was constructed for the Expo '74, and certain structures remained in the park after the fair closed. The building that hosted a German beer garden for the fair became the new home of the carousel in the summer of 1975.
As a part of a bond passed in 2014 to revitalize Riverfront Park, a new building was designed to house the carousel. The new building was designed with more space to queue and host events, and large windows to improve views of the Spokane River from the inside and views of the carousel from the outside. The new space opened in 2018.
During the COVID-19 Pandemic, the Carrousel and other building amenities were closed for nearly a year. The pandemic forced a closure of the attraction on March 17, 2020, but the ride resumed operations on March 1, 2021. During the pandemic, a new ride was added when the local toy and sporting goods store founded in 1946, the White Elephant, decided to close its doors and its beloved white elephant ride that adorned the front entrance for decades was gifted to the city in July 2020. The elephant, known as Isidore, was formerly featured in Natatorium Park alongside the carousel and was reunited with the carousel animals in the Looff building.
The TV sitcom Frasier makes reference to the carousel, calling it simply "the Looff", in the season 9 episode "Frasier has Spokane".
All Hallows Guild Carousel

The All Hallows Guild Carousel, or simply the Traveling Carousel, is a historic carousel housed at the National Cathedral in Washington, D.C. since 1963. Previously, it operated as a "county fair" carousel under Clifford Sandretzky as part of a traveling carnival based in the northern Virginia area. The carousel, constructed primarily of wood, is a rare piece believed to have been built by the Merry-Go-Round Company of Cincinnati in the 1890s. It features a unique caliola with brass pipes that was built by the Rudolph Wurlitzer Company of North Tonawanda, New York in 1937.
The original operator, Clifford Sandretzky, sold the carousel to the All Hallows Guild of the National Cathedral in 1963, and they have owned it ever since. It was used multiple times per year at fund raising events and then disassembled and stored. However, in recent years, the carousel has been assembled and used only once a year at the Guild's Spring Flower Show.
There are 24 animal figures on the carousel, along with two chariots. The animals are arranged into 12 pairs. The collection includes a single lion, zebra, and elephant, pairs of goats, camels, and deer, as well as four standing horses, and nine jumping horses. All of the figures are brightly painted and hand-carved in the European tradition.
A gasoline engine, situated near the 16-foot (4.9 m) center pole, drives the carousel. The structure is covered by a yellow and white canopy, which is topped with a small flag.
The All Hallows Guild Carousel is one of only two carousels listed on the National Carousel Census in the District of Columbia. The other, the Smithsonian Carousel on the National Mall, is a larger, non-traveling carousel with 60 wood and metal composition figures built fifty years after the All Hallows Guild Carousel.
Seaport Village Carousel

The Seaport Village Carousel, also known as the Fair Park Looff Carousel, is a historic wooden carousel in the western wing of Seaport Village in San Diego, California. It was built by noted carver Charles I. D. Looff, who also constructed the Santa Monica Pier. The carousel costs a small fee to ride and contains 54 animals and 2 chariots. It is owned by the Perron family.
Charles I. D. Looff hand-carved the carousel in Brooklyn, New York City, in 1895. It was not until 1904 when it was opened, however, when it debuted at Fair Park, in Dallas, Texas. It was not until the it was moved to Pacific Ocean Park in Santa Monica, California, in 1958 when the carousel had rounding boards and scenery panels installed. These were designed in a style reminiscent of the 1930s. It moved again in 1967 to an amusement park in Spanaway, Washington, where it stayed until 1982.
The Perron family had bought the carousel in September 1979 in an auction and transported it to Willamette Center in Portland, Oregon, in 1984. The Perrons converted all the figures on the carousel to Looff-made ones, as they had previously been made by other manufacturers. It moved to Lloyd Center in 1988. Historic Carousels, Inc. restored the carousel in 1991 to prepare it for the AmeriFlora '92 exhibition in Columbus, Ohio. It was later relocated to Burbank Town Center in Burbank, California, in 1997. The carousel moved to its current location in Seaport Village in 2004. It replaced the Broadway Flying Horses Carousel, which had been at the location since 1977.
The carousel is hand-carved nearly entirely from wood. With three rows, it has a menagerie style, with assorted animals being included aside from the horses. There are 54 animals in total, with 2 chariots that can hold multiple people. Out of the 54 animals, 30 are jumping horses and 11 are standing horses. The horses' tails are made of natural horsehair. The other 13 are the menagerie animals, with the carousel containing 3 camels, 3 giraffes, 1 teddy bear, 1 dog, 1 dragon, 1 goat, 1 lion, 1 burro, and 1 elephant. There is no fairground organ playing music at the carousel.
Filling carousel

A filling carousel is intended for filling large quantities of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) cylinders. It consists of a frame with running wheels, rails, a central column for LPG and air, and a driving unit the carousel frame around the central column. The speed of the carousel can be adapted to the various filling times and capacities. The dimension of the carousel is important to consider for the future filling capacity. The carousel frame chosen can be equipped with a number of filling scales, selected for the present demand and possible future demands. Filling carousels can be provided with equipment for automatic introduction and automatic filling scales with ejection of cylinders.
Frame sizes and approximate filling times for 12 kg cylinders with two-man operation:
La Cigale (brasserie)

La Cigale is a brasserie located in Nantes, France, on the same city square as the Théâtre Graslin. The locale has been classified as a historic monument since 1964.
The restaurant was designed by the architect and ceramicist Émile Libaudière in the exaggerated Art nouveau style of the era. On 1 April 1895, the brasserie was opened for business by its first owner, Mrs. Calado.
From the beginning the restaurant attracted a bourgeois clientele that mixed with artists from the nearby theater. The surrealists Jacques Prévert and André Breton were regular patrons. Scenes from several films have been shot there, including Jacques Demy's 1961 film Lola, Debout les crabes, la mer monte ! by Jean-Jacques Grand-Jouan (1983), and Jacquot de Nantes by Agnès Varda (1991).
In 1964, the brasserie was turned into a fast-food restaurant, but the decor remained unchanged due to the protections afforded by its status as a historical monument. During the 1970s, the restaurant was neglected and eventually abandoned. However, a new owner restored it back to its original brasserie form in 1982.
Gilcrest, Colorado

The Town of Gilcrest is a Statutory Town located in Weld County, Colorado, United States. The town population was 1,029 at the 2020 United States census. Gilcrest is a part of the Greeley, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Front Range Urban Corridor.
A post office called Gilcrest has been in operation since 1907. The community has the name of W. K. Gilcrest, a businessperson in the banking industry.
Gilcrest is located at 40°16′59″N 104°46′44″W﻿ / ﻿40.28306°N 104.77889°W﻿ / 40.28306; -104.77889 (40.283190, -104.778780).
At the 2020 United States census, the town had a total area of 519 acres (2.100 km), all of it land.
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,162 people, 329 households, and 271 families residing in the town. The population density was 1,559.9 inhabitants per square mile (602.3/km). There were 346 housing units at an average density of 464.5 per square mile (179.3/km). The racial makeup of the town was 62.74% White, 0.34% African American, 1.72% Native American, 0.09% Asian, 32.19% from other races, and 2.93% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 54.91% of the population.
There were 329 households, out of which 52.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.7% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 17.6% were non-families. 14.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.53 and the average family size was 3.86.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 36.1% under the age of 18, 10.2% from 18 to 24, 31.2% from 25 to 44, 17.0% from 45 to 64, and 5.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 28 years. For every 100 females, there were 109.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.5 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $45,625, and the median income for a family was $45,750. Males had a median income of $28,750 versus $21,726 for females. The per capita income for the town was $12,863. About 9.3% of families and 15.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.6% of those under age 18 and 8.9% of those age 65 or over.
Red Baron (ride)

Red Baron is an amusement ride that is primarily intended for small children. It is a common kiddie ride at many amusement parks, carnivals, and fairs. The rider can move the gondola up and down manually. Many ride manufacturers make this type of ride; the Zamperla's "Mini Jet" is a common model of this ride. The "Mini Jet" ride comes in various themes such as bees, dragons, elephants, airplanes, helicopters, spaceships, etc. Some of the Red Baron kiddie rides are restricted to only children under 54 inches tall, such as the ones in Cedar Point, Kings Island, and Six Flags Discovery Kingdom. In quite a few other "Red Baron" type kiddie rides, adults and parents are allowed to ride on the rides, such as "The Busy Bees" and "Amazing Flying Elephants" at Dollywood in Pigeon Forge, Tennessee, or at the Red Baron Ride at Funderland in Sacramento, California. Another place where adults can ride on a Red Baron type ride is at Disneyland and Walt Disney World, where Dumbo the Flying Elephant has been a perennial favorite of not only toddlers, preschoolers and young children, but teenagers, adults and seniors as well, for many years (Disneyland has been around since July 17, 1955 and Walt Disney World since October 1, 1971).
Syntagmatic analysis

In semiotics, syntagmatic analysis is analysis of syntax or surface structure (syntagmatic structure) as opposed to paradigms (paradigmatic analysis). This is often achieved using commutation tests.
"Syntagmatic" means that one element selects the other element either to precede it or to follow it. For example, the definitive article "the" selects a noun and not a verb.
Of particular use in semiotic study, a syntagm is a chain which leads, through syntagmatic analysis, to an understanding of how a sequence of events forms a narrative. Alternatively, syntagmatic analysis can describe the spatial relationship of a visual text such as posters, photographs or a particular setting of a filmed scene.
Roland Barthes was able to use metaphor in the form of various garments in order to display how the syntagm/paradigm relationship worked together to at once create and change meaning. Expanding on this form of explanation by Barthes, both David Lodge and Susan Spiggle have further developed the metaphor, using specific wearable items. Shirt, shorts and sandals for example, are freely interchangeable along the plane of tops, bottoms and footwear, the paradigmatic plane, assuming they follow the rules of wearable items, the syntagmatic plane. While you can change the sandals for high heels, it would be breaking the rules to wear them as a top.
Due to the abstract nature of the signifier/signified relationship, a free-standing signifier is unable to convey knowledge or understanding by itself. After all, the only reason any word means what it means at all is due to a consensus of understanding by the wider community. Expanding on Saussure's own example of the arbitrariness of the word "tree", or any word for that matter, it can be seen that the word "tree" by itself could mean just about any upright bit of wood with branches, whether it grows leaves or provides a place to hang cups or hats. Meaning is therefore provided by an extended syntagmatic chain, which will identify for the reader of the text just what sort of tree is meant.
This understanding leads to the opportunity to consider the linguistics of texts and language in a wider variety ways. Thwaite, Davis, and Mules identify a syntagm as "the result of using a conventional rule to combine a series of elements from various paradigms". From this understanding it is possible to consider the structure of texts—film and television being an ideal example.
Looking at the mise-en-scène of a set piece, the various signs combine to give the viewer a greater understanding of what they are viewing. The syntagmatic chain is constructed in such a way that it sets the feel of the scene and is particularly apparent when considering genre. A western for example may have many of the paradigmatic signs that the viewer has grown accustomed to. That everything is where they expect to see it is following the rules of this syntagmatic chain. If the horse is riding the cowboy, it breaks these rules and becomes a very different movie.
Île de Nantes

The île de Nantes (French pronunciation: [il də nɑ̃t], Island of Nantes) is an island located in the centre of the city of Nantes, France, surrounded by two branches of the river Loire—the "bras de la Madeleine" (branch of the Madeleine) at the north and the "bras de Pirmil" (branch of Pirmil) at the south. It is one of the eleven neighbourhoods of Nantes.
The island is 4.9 km (3.0 mi) long and 1 km (0.6 mi) wide due to joining together former small islands in the centre of Nantes, separated by the branches of the Loire river (sometimes referred to locally as the "Boires", as in "Boire des Récollets, "boire de Toussaint" and "boire de la Biesse"). The branches (intervening channels) were filled in during the 19th and 20th centuries. Chiefly these islands were the "île Beaulieu", "île Sainte-Anne", "île de Petite Biesse" and the "île de Grande Biesse" the more water meadow-like "prairie au Duc", "prairie d'Aval", "prairie d'Amont", "prairie de Balagué", "prairie de Pré-Joli". It is one of the most developed and well-conserved parts of the city while featuring modern buildings such as its major basketball and indoor sports venue. Many trees and flowers are on the island, which in part helped the city to be recognized as European Green Capital in 2013.
The "île de Nantes" is linked to the rest of the city by 13 bridges:
The Vendée's bridge is a railway bridge, which crosses the island, but there is no railway station on the island.
Alfredo Verzosa

Si Alfredo Florentin Verzosa (8 Disyembre 1877 – 27 Hunyo 1954) ay obispo ng noo'y Diyosesis ng Lipa mula 1916 hanggang kanyang pagretiro noong 1951. Siya rin ang naging instrumental sa pagtatag ng Missionary Catechist of the Sacred Heart.
Noong 11 Enero 2013, sa pamumuno ni Archbishop Ernesto Salgado D.D., Ang Arkidiyosesis ng Nueva Segovia ay nagbukas ng kanyang opisyal na dahilan para sa pagiging beatipikasyon.Ito ay bilang tugon sa petisyon ng Missionary Catechist of the Sacred Heart, Si Fray Samsón Silloriquez ay hinirang bilang Postulator. Sa pagbubukas ng Sanhi, binigyan si Alfredo Verzosa ng titulong, "Lingkod ng Diyos."
Noong 17 Nobyembre 2014, ang Congregation for the Causes of Saints ay naglabas ng "Nihil Obstat" (Walang humahadlang sa daan) sa proseso ng beatipikasyon at kanonisasyon, Ang Tribunal ay pinamunuan ni Salgado na siyang hukom nito hanggang sa kanyang pagretiro noong 2013. Pinalitan siya ni Archbishop Marlo Peralta D.D., ang bagong Arsobispo ng Nueva Segovia, na nagsabing ang buhay ni Verzosa ay minarkahan ng pagsunod at kababaang-loob. Si Gary Noel Formoso ay nagsilbing Judge-Delegate kasama si Santos Rabang bilang Defender of Justice at Gwendolyn Condor bilang Notary. Noong 2 Abril 2016 natapos ang Diocesan Enquiry.
Matapos ang pagsumite ng mga papel ng Diocesan Enquiry, Ang Congregation for the Causes of Saints ay naglabas ng "Decree of Validity" noong 2 Hunyo 2017. Sinundan ito ng pagtatalaga kay Paul Pallath bilang Relator ng Sanhi.
Ang lathalaing ito na tungkol sa Katolisismo at Talambuhay ay isang usbong. Makatutulong ka sa Wikipedia sa pagpapalawig nito.
Ontario

Ang Ontario (postal code: ON) ay isang probinsiya sa bansang Canada na nasa silangang bahagi ng bansa, ang pinakamalaki sa bilang ng tao, at pangalawa sa Quebec sa sukat nito. Katabi ito ng probinsiya ng Manitoba sa kanluran. Katabi ito ng Quebec sa silangan.
Ang kabisera ng Ontario ay Toronto, ang pinakamatao sa buong Canada. Ang Ontario ay tinitirahan ng 12,678,000 katao, na 38.9 % ng populasyon ng bansa.
Ang pangalan ng probinsiya ay hango sa Lawa ng Ontario, na sinasabing galing sa ontarí:io, isang salitang Huron na ang ibig sabihin ay "Dakilang Lawa", o maaari din sa skanadario "magandang katubigan" sa Iroquoian.
Ang lathalaing ito na tungkol sa Canada ay isang usbong. Makatutulong ka sa Wikipedia sa pagpapalawig nito.
Toronto

Ang Lungsod ng Toronto (Ingles: City of Toronto) ay ang pinakamataong lungsod sa Canada at ang probinsiyal na kabisera ng Ontario. Na may higit sa 2.5 milyong na mga residente, ito ay ang ikalimang pinakamataong lungsod sa Hilagang Amerika. Ang Toronto ay nasa puso ng Greater Toronto Area (GTA). Ang populasyon ng Toronto ay 5,555,912 ayon sa 2006 Census.
Bilang ang pang-ekonomiyang kapital ng Canada, ang Toronto ay itinuturing na isang pandaigdigang na lungsod.
Ang populasyon ng Toronto ay kosmopolitan at internasyonal, sumasalamin sa kanyang papel bilang isang mahalagang destinasyon para sa mga dayuhan sa Canada. Dahil ang lungsod ay may mga mababang rate sa krimen, malinis na kapaligiran, karaniwang mataas na pamantayan ng pamumuhay, at mabait na saloobin sa pagkakaiba, ang Toronto ay palaging rated na pinakapwedeng tirahan na lungsod as buong mundo. Sa karagdagan, ang Toronto ay nakalagay sa pinaka-mahal na Kanadang lungsod kung saan tumitira sa 2006.
Ang lathalaing ito na tungkol sa Ontario ay isang usbong. Makatutulong ka sa Wikipedia sa pagpapalawig nito.
Unibersidad ng Toronto

Ang Unibersidad ng Toronto (U of T, UToronto, o Toronto) ay isang pampublikong unibersidad sa pananaliksik sa Toronto, Ontario, Canada, na matatagpuan sa lugar na pumapalibot sa Queen's Park. Ito ay itinatag sa pamamagitan ng royal charter noong 1827 bilang King's College, ang unang institusyon ng mas mataas na pag-aaral sa mga kolonya ng Upper Canada. Orihinal na kinokontrol ng Church of England, ginamit ng unibersidad ang kasalukuyang pangalan noong 1850 nang maging isang sekular na institusyon. Ang unibersidad ay binubuo ng 12 kolehiyo, na na naiiba sa kanya-kanyang karakter at kasaysayan, at bawat isa ay may awtonomiya sa pananalapi at institutional na ugnayan. Ang unibersidad ay may dalawang satellite campus sa Scarborough at Mississauga.
Ang Unibersidad ng Toronto ay ang paaralan ng dalawang Gobernador General ng Canada at apat na Punong Ministro ng Canada, apat na dayuhang lider, labing-apat na Mahistrado ng Kataas-taasang Hukuman, at may ugnay sa sampung Nobel laureates.
43°39′47″N 79°23′45″W﻿ / ﻿43.662917°N 79.395746°W﻿ / 43.662917; -79.395746 Ang lathalaing ito na tungkol sa Edukasyon ay isang usbong. Makatutulong ka sa Wikipedia sa pagpapalawig nito.
Do Make Say Think

Ang Do Make Say Think ay isang bandang post-rock mula sa Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Ang kanilang musika ay pinasamasamang drum sa estilong jazz, electric guitar at wind instrument, at ang prominenteng paggamit ng bass guitar.
Ang lathalaing ito na tungkol sa Musika ay isang usbong. Makatutulong ka sa Wikipedia sa pagpapalawig nito.
Pamantasang York

Ang York University (dinadaglat bilang YU) ay isang kolehiyong paaralan na matatagpuan sa Lungsod ng Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Ito ay itinatag noong 1959.
43°46′23″N 79°30′13″W﻿ / ﻿43.7731°N 79.5036°W﻿ / 43.7731; -79.5036 Ang lathalaing ito na tungkol sa Edukasyon ay isang usbong. Makatutulong ka sa Wikipedia sa pagpapalawig nito.
Daang Palibot Blg. 4

Ang Daang Palibot Blg. 4 (Ingles: Circumferential Road 4), o mas-kilala sa itinakda nitong numero na C-4, ay ang ikaapat na daang palibot sa Kalakhang Maynila, Pilipinas. Dumadaan ito sa mga lungsod ng Navotas, Malabon, Kalookan, Lungsod Quezon, Mandaluyong, Makati, at Pasay.
Ay ang bahagi ng C-4 mula Daang Marcos (R-10) hanggang Daang Letre.
Ay isang pangunahing daan ng Malabon na may anim na linya. Nagsisimula ito sa isang rotonda sa harap ng Malabon City Hall at nagtatapos sa mga hangganan ng Kalookan. Magiging bahagi ito ng C-4 pagbagtas nito ang Daang C-4. Kilala rin ito sa mga pangalang "Kalye Heneral San Miguel" at "Abenida Rizal".
Paglampas ng mga hangganan ng Kalookan, magiging Daang Samson ang C-4. Isa itong pangunahing daan sa Kalookan na may anim hanggang walong linya. Kilala rin ito sa mga pangalang "Daang Caloocan" at "Abenida Monumento".
Ang Abenida Epifanio de los Santos (o mas-kilala bilang EDSA) ay isang lansangang may sampung linya na gumagamit ng mga palitan (interchange) at paghihiwalay ng mga linya (grade separations). Bumubuo ang EDSA sa malaking bahagi ng C-4. Dumadaan ito sa mga lungsod ng Kalookan, Lungsod Quezon, Mandaluyong, Makati, at Pasay. Ang hilagang dulo nito ay Monumento, isang monumento para kay Andres Bonifacio sa Kalookan, at ang katimugang dulo nito ay sa isang rotonda (roundabout) malapit sa SM Mall of Asia sa Pasay. Itinayo ang lansangan noong panahon ng dating pangulong Manuel Quezon.
Para sa talaan ng mga sangandaan ng EDSA, pakitignan ang artikulong Abenida Epifanio de los Santos
Oktubre 4

Ang Oktubre 4 ay ang ika-277 na araw sa kalendaryong Gregoryano (ika-278 kung bisyestong taon) na may natitira pang 88 na araw.
Ang lathalaing ito na tungkol sa Araw ay isang usbong. Makatutulong ka sa Wikipedia sa pagpapalawig nito.
Pebrero 4

Ang Pebrero 4 ay ang ika-35 na araw ng taon sa kalendaryong Gregoryano, at mayroon pang 330 (331 kung bisyestong taon) na araw ang natitira.
Ang lathalaing ito na tungkol sa Araw ay isang usbong. Makatutulong ka sa Wikipedia sa pagpapalawig nito.
Juan dela Cruz

Juan de la Cruz or Maria de la Cruz (feminized form) is the national personification of the Philippines, often used to represent the "Filipino everyman". He is usually depicted wearing the native salakot hat, barong tagalog, long pants, and tsinelas (local term for the popular flip-flops).
Juan dela Cruz was invented by Robert McCulloch-Dick, the editor and publisher of Philippines Free Press, founded in 1908. He noticed the frequency with which the names appeared on police blotters and court dockets. He was also notified that the Philippine Catholic Church baptized a large number of children, giving them names of popular saints. He often wrote small verses about Juan dela Cruz in Free Press, and narrations of the petty crimes committed by them.
Later on, McCulloch-Dick widened his idea until he made Juan dela Cruz a character representative of a typical Filipino. Juan dela Cruz is associated with the image of a naïve-looking man wearing a salakot, camisa de chino, native trousers, and slippers. Jorge Pineda, resident cartoonist of Free Press, first drew the image of Juan in 1946.
Activists often portray Juan dela Cruz as a victim of American imperialism, especially since many editorial cartoons of the American period often depicted him alongside Uncle Sam either as a "Little Brown Brother" or as an Asian Partner. In modern times, he is shown independently as a venue for the common Filipino's commentary on governmental and social issues.
The term, sometimes shortened to "Juan", also refers to the collective Filipino psyche.
The name (Spanish for "John of the Cross") is often used as a placeholder name for an anonymous individual, roughly the equivalent of the American John Doe. The feminine placeholder is usually María dela Cruz, which like Juan is a common first name among Filipino women, though Juana dela Cruz is currently gaining popularity in Philippine television and especially in political campaigns by President Ferdinand Marcos Jr.
北方地区抗旱打井

北方地区抗旱打井是中华人民共和国在1970年代至1980年代初在中国北方大规模开展的水利工程。
北方地区抗旱打井工作始自文革时期。原中华人民共和国水利电力部部长钱正英回忆道：“‘文革’时候什么都不干了，中央有点钱花不掉，结果去搞了水利。1968年，国务院全面部署了华北地区打机井的工作，并以此作为扭转南粮北调的一项重大战略措施。不管政治形势多么乱，由当时主持国务院日常工作的李先念、余秋里等同志具体安排，每年以三十多万眼机井的速度持续建设。”
1972年，国务院召开北方十四省、市抗旱打井会议。为解决北方地区长期干旱问题，国家决定自1973年起，每年拨专款及设备支持中国北方17个省、市、自治区的打井工作，以提高北方地区的粮食产量，改变“南粮北调”局面。为此，在国务院直接领导下，成立了北方地区抗旱打井办公室负责办理日常工作，办公室设在水利电力部水利司。
1973年10月，国务院打井配套办公室在河南省密县召开110人参加的北方八省、市及重点县山区打井配套现场会，水利部农水司司长李素文主持，与会人员参观了密县的“五代井”、黄路营井、大坡井、岳岗井等，中共密县县委第一书记程金瑞在会上作典型发言。
1974年，国务院再次召开北方打井配套会议，制定机井建设八条要求。
1980年3月26日，《国务院批转水利部等部门关于北方地区抗旱打井情况和今后意见的报告的通知》发出，批转了水利部、国家物资总局、财政部、农业部、农机部、地质部《关于北方地区抗旱打井情况和今后意见的报告》。该报告总结认为，北方地区抗旱打井的成果是：扩大了灌溉面积，促进了农业高产稳产；改善和开辟了缺水草场，发展了牧区水利；解决了部分地区人畜饮水的困难；促进农业机械化和农村电气化建设。存在的主要问题是：对机井建设的艰巨性认识不足，缺乏严格的科学态度，没有按照自然规律办事，讲究经济效果不够。认为“根据中央提出的三年调整时期的要求，水利建设要进一步贯彻‘小型为主，配套为主，社队自办为主，加强管理，狠抓实效’的方针，今后机井建设拟首先加强管理，搞好配套挖潜，巩固现有成果，充分发挥效益，并在此基础上有计划地、因地制宜地发展一批新井。打井配套工作要和当前的抗旱斗争紧密结合。”
1981年4月，水利部在河南省召开北方地区机井管理座谈会，与会的有北方17个省、市、自治区水利厅（局）负责机井管理工作的领导，以及各个地区、县、人民公社和科研、新闻等单位的代表，农业部、地质部、农机部也派代表与会。会上各地代表汇报了贯彻国务院1980年76号文件批转的《关于北方地区抗旱打井情况和今后意见的报告》加强管理工作的情况，并交流了机井管理工作的经验。
南水北调工程

南水北调工程是中国一项运营中的大型水利工程，抽调中国江淮流域丰盈的水资源送到华北和西北地区，旨在改变中国南涝北旱、北方水资源严重短缺的局面、促进南北方经济、社会与人口、资源、环境的协调发展。该工程横穿长江、淮河、黄河、海河四大流域，是世界上最大的跨流域调水工程，总投资预计超过5000亿元人民币。工程由东线、中线和西线三条调水线路组成，其中东线一期工程已于2013年11月15日正式通水，中线一期工程已于2014年12月12日正式通水。截至2023年底，南水北调工程已累计调水超过670亿立方米。
中国南北水资源分布不均衡。南方每年有富余的水流入大海，北方地区长期干旱缺水，尤其京津冀地区，养育着全国8%的人口，贡献了全国10%的GDP，但人均水资源量，却远远低于国际标准人均水资源500立方米的极度缺水红线，缺水已严重影响到工农业生产。与此同时，人们的节水意识依然较差，水资源利用率低，水污染也很严重。
从1952年10月30日毛泽东提出“南方水多，北方水少，如有可能，借点水来也是可以的”后，中国大陆水利部门就对此召开了多次会议探讨，并组织专家进行全方面的论证。经过几十年研究，目前南水北调的总体布局确定为：分别从长江上、中、下游调水，即西线工程、中线工程和东线工程。南水北调工程全部建成以后，每年的调水量相当于一条黄河的水量，可以有效缓解北方地区水资源紧缺状况，对于保障中国粮食安全，恢复和改善生态环境，促进西部大开发具有重大意义。
东线工程计划分三期实施，2002年12月27日上午正式开工建设。工程主要是利用现有的京杭运河的河道及周围的湖泊，用闸控制。东线工程规划从长江下游抽引长江水，沿线建设的13级泵站，逐级提水北送，经洪泽湖、骆马湖、南四湖和东平湖，于山东境内分两路供水。一路越过黄河后，向黄淮海平原东部供水，自流到最终抵达天津；另一路向东供应青岛、烟台。东线输水主干线长1150公里，其中黄河以南660公里，黄河以北490公里。从东平湖向东送水到山东半岛的输水线路长约690公里。东线于2013年12月8日正式通水。
第一期工程：利用江苏省江水北调现有工程，扩大至抽江规模每秒500立方公尺，过黄河每秒50立方公尺，向胶东片供水每秒50立方公尺；向津浦铁路沿线和胶东片城市补充水量，改善苏北农业用水条件。2019年6月21日，东线工程首次将长江江水输向天津、河北。
第二期工程：供水范围扩大至河北省、天津市，抽江规模为每秒600立方公尺，过黄河每秒100立方公尺，到天津每秒50立方公尺，向胶东地区供水每秒50立方公尺。
第三期工程：工程规模扩大到抽江每秒800立方公尺，过黄河每秒200立方公尺，到天津每秒100立方公尺，向胶东地区供水每秒90立方公尺。
优点：东线调水，位于长江的下游，抽水量有保证，对生态环境的影响较小。同时，有现有的河道、湖泊可利用，工程费用小，修建较快，现已付诸实施。
中线工程于2003年12月31日开工建设。该工程是从位于长江支流汉江上游的丹江口水库引水，输水总幹渠的首闸是河南省南阳市淅川县境内的陶岔渠，沿途经过伏牛山和太行山山前平原，京广铁路西侧，跨越长江、淮河、黄河、海河四大流域，建设专用的立交供水渠道，采用自流方式，沿途供水，最终抵达北京和天津。中线调水工程总干渠长1432公里。根据《南水北调工程供用水管理条例》，南水北调中线工程年调水平均数为95亿立方米，中线工程的水量调度年度为每年11月1日至次年10月31日。2014年9月29日，工程通过验收，具备通水条件。2014年12月12日正式通水。
西线工程的目标是从长江上游引水入黄河，以解决中国西北地区和华北部分地区干旱缺水问题。该线工程地处青藏高原，海拔高，地质的构造复杂，地震強度大，且要修建200米左右的高坝和长达100公里以上的隧洞，工程技术复杂，耗资巨大，现仍处于可行性研究的过程中。
2020年9月28日，中国南水北调集团成立，注册资本1500亿人民币，国务院100%控股，经营范围：调水工程开发建设与运营，水生态保护，水污染治理，水的生产和供应，项目投资，电力生产等。水利部副部长蒋旭光任集团董事长。
支持者大多认为长江水量丰富，每年有大量的水流入大海，调一部分到北方缺水地区可解决北方的缺水问题，负面影响可以通过防范、补偿和综合治理开发措施，可以将影响减少到最低。南水北调中线工程以解决沿线100多个城市生活和工业用水为主要供水对象，兼顾农业及其它用水，建成以后经济效益和社会效益巨大。
大量的南水北调将减小洪水对长江地区的灾害。南水北调中线工程完成后，汉江防汛形势有望出现逆转。丹江口水库加高工程基本完成，而南水北调计划每年从丹江口调水95亿立方米。近些年类似汛情再度出现时，出现在中下游的洪峰将被“削”低30厘米。这意味着湖北宜城至沙洋之间的14个蓄洪民垸，遭遇百年一遇以下洪水可以不启用。近80万人、90余万亩耕地基本解除洪水威胁。
较大地改善北方地区的生态和环境特别是水资源条件，增加水资源承载能力，提高资源的配置效率，促进经济结构的战略性调整；对于扩大内需，保持中国经济快速增长，实现全国范围内的结构升级和经济社会环境的可持续发展，具有重要的战略意义。
有利于缓解水资源短缺对北方地区城市化发展的制约，促进当地城市化进程。可改善农牧业生产条件，调整农牧业种植结构，提高土地利用率。还可改污水灌溉为清洁水灌溉，减轻耕地污染及对农副产品的危害。
能有效解决北方一些地区地下水因自然原因造成的水质问题，如高氟水、苦咸水和其他含有对人体不利的有害物质的水源问题，改善当地饮水的质量。避免北方一些地区长期开采饮用有害深层地下水而引发的水源性疾病，遏止氟骨病与甲状腺病的蔓延，有利于提高居民健康水平。
通过改善水资源条件来促进潜在生产力形成现实的经济增长，逐步改善黄淮海地区的生态环境状况，提高北方供水能力后，可以减少对地下水的超采，并可结合灌溉和季节性调节进行人工回灌，补充地下水，改善水文地质条件，缓解地下水位的大幅度下降和漏斗面积的进一步扩大，控制地面沉陷造成对建筑物的危害。使中国北方地区逐步成为水资源配置合理、水环境良好的社会。
南水北调的工程自提出后就引起了广泛的争论，反对者主要认为南水北调工程耗资巨大，调水量太少，发挥不了经济效益，也造成水資源污染；调水量过多，枯水期可能会使长江的水量不足，影响长江河道的航运，长江口的鹹潮加深，更有可能引发生态危机。
2010年初的中国西南大旱，中国水利水电科学研究院水力学所总工及灾害与环境研究中心总工刘树坤对南水北调工程提出了质疑。他认为，西南这次出现百年难遇的干旱，应该对水文资料重新修订，对干旱出现频率，可能性都要重新评估。他认为这些评估的结果都会影响水利调度，重大水利工程何时开始做，做多大，影响程度有多大，都应重新评估。
南水北调工程造成河南省和湖北省33万人搬迁，搬迁给移民生活带来颠簸动荡。有些移民因为得到的补偿款不足，在买下政府提供的住房之后，所剩款项只能购置一小块耕地。而安置地工作机会匮乏，有些人不得不计划背井离乡到大城市打工。由于国家投资少、安置标准低、水电路校等生产生活设施不能满足基本需要，造成大量移民遗留问题 。
南水北调工程也将沿线的水生动物大批量地运送到了北方，加速了外来鱼类的扩散和沿线鱼类跨区域入侵的风险。
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西戎

西戎是西周对其边界以西族群的泛称，在更早的商代曾被稱為羌或氐羌，为藏族、漢族、羌族的先民之一，在戰國時期之後，「西戎」被改為用來代指位於漢族以西的各個非漢民族，為四夷之一。
在距今6000-4000年期間，隴西、河湟等地區是一個濕热同步的氣候最適宜期。以旱作農業為主要生業的仰韶文化的分布，有了很大的扩展，典型遺址有秦安的大地灣、天水的西山坪、師趙村、禮縣的高寺頭、慶陽的南佐疙瘩梁、平涼的廟庄等。在青海東部的循化縣也發現了廟底溝因素的遺存。西進的仰韶文化人群在湟水和大通河流域創造出以精美陶器為特色的馬家窯文化。代表馬家窯文化晚期最高發展水平的馬廠類型，向西分布到河西走廊西端的酒泉、安西等地，甚至向北分布到騰格裏沙漠和額济納旗地區。在甘、青地區，新石器時代以種粟為主的旱作農業文化呈持續的逐步發展狀態。
虽然在先秦夷夏观中，西戎和東夷、北狄、南蠻合称四夷，但有研究指出先秦西戎和先秦北狄皆與中原原住民同出一源。
暂归附于狄人的戎部族又稱鬼戎，古本《竹書紀年》载：“武乙三十五年，周王季伐西落鬼戎，俘十二翟王。” 又有武乙三十年(约公元前1118年)，周王季历攻打义渠，“乃获其君以归”，迫使义渠等戎臣服于商周。《詩經》中也常有周朝與西戎戰爭的史詩，“赫赫南仲，薄伐西戎。”
傳說犬戎是黃帝後裔，與中原姬姓諸國同祖。
西戎居中國者為犬戎，犬戎同為姬姓，居北方者為山戎，居陸渾者為允姓，又稱陰戎、九州之戎。
周平王二十一年，秦文公西征击败西戎，收復周朝舊地，“于是收周余民有之，地至岐，岐以东献之周”。
秦穆公時有西戎八國，即緜諸（今甘肃东部）、緄（今甘肃东部）、翟、豲之戎（今陕西北部）；岐山、梁山（今陕西韩城与洛川之间）、泾水、漆水以北有義渠（今甘肃宁县西北）、大荔（今陕西大荔东）、烏氏（今甘肃平凉西北甘宁交界处）、朐衍（今宁夏盐池一带），皆位於陇山（今宁夏六盘山）附近。其後逐渐被秦国攻滅。
西羌是隶属于西戎的别支，从事牧羊。
語言學家白一平和沙加爾對上古漢語的讀音進行重構，認為「戎」在上古漢語中讀作「*nuŋ」。
被漢族列為「西戎」的外族或國家：吐谷渾、吐蕃藏族、焉耆、龜茲、大宛、康居國、大秦國、泥婆羅、党項羌、高昌、疏勒、于闐、天竺、罽賓、康國、波斯、拂菻、大食、獅子、奄蔡、嚈噠、吐火羅、羌族。
台灣學者姚大中認為，西戎在漢朝之後被改稱西羌，即羌族的前身。中華人民共和國學者黃烈主張所有西戎族群皆為羌族。中華人民共和國學者冉光榮等人與中華民國學者劉文起也有類似意見。翦伯贊同样認為犬戎與其他西戎部落皆出自羌族。
中華人民共和國學者林澐认为，西戎人群與周代中原人群同出一源，但與战国以后的胡人各民族并沒有任何關係
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上海凤凰

上海凤凰企业（集团）股份有限公司（上交所：600679/900916，简称：上海凤凰/凤凰B股），是上海市的一家自行车生产企业。上海凤凰的前身是设立于1897年的同昌车行，该公司也是中国第一家自行车生产企业。1956年，同昌车行被纳入国营企业，并和其他一些自行车公司共组上海自行车三厂。1959年，上海自行车三厂正式推出「凤凰自行车」品牌。1980年，凤凰自行车成为中国第一个进出欧美的自行车品牌。在1990年代之前，凤凰和飞鸽、永久并列为中国最受欢迎的自行车品牌。1991年，凤凰牌商标被评为中国驰名商标。1993年，上海凤凰在上海证券交易所上市。2007年，凤凰被中華人民共和國商务部評為中华老字号。
2020年9月29日，上海凤凰发布多份公告表示发行股份，主要用于收购爱赛克车业、天津天任、凤凰自行车三家自行车行业公司，总价为9.52亿元，构成重大资产重组。
2021年1月，哈啰出行与上海凤凰、益阳科力远电池有限责任公司进行战略合作签约。