davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Dreamland Beach

Dreamland Beach, now officially known as New Kuta Beach, is a beach located in Pecatu on the Bukit Peninsula on the island of Bali, Indonesia. A popular surfing beach, it was formerly secluded and had casual refreshment stands and inns. It has since become the beach of an extensive tourist development.
The beach, called Cimongka by the Balinese, was named Dreamland Beach by Australians. It was popular with surfers and also with nudists, and became the most popular beach in Pecatu. Starting in the 1980s, warungs (refreshment shacks) and cheap inns were built at the beach.
PT Bali Pecatu Graha, a company owned by Tommy Suharto, the youngest son of former Indonesian president Suharto, bought land including the beach in 1995 and the following year began development of the 400-hectare Pecatu Indah Resort; the beach was renamed New Kuta Beach and the resort eventually also became New Kuta Beach. Development was paused from 1998 to 2004 because of the Asian financial crisis and the 2002 Bali bombings; in the late 2000s, at least 38 businesses were relocated from the beach to purpose-built shops.
The beach remains open to the public.
Uluwatu Temple is about 12 km from the Dreamland Beach.
Bukit Peninsula travel guide from Wikivoyage
08°47′58″S 115°07′04″E﻿ / ﻿8.79944°S 115.11778°E﻿ / -8.79944; 115.11778
Gilbert Lumoindong

Gilbert Lumoindong (born in Jakarta, December 26, 1966) is a pastor from Indonesia. He was one of the hosts of "Spiritual Refreshment for Christianity" on the television network RCTI from 1992 until 1997.
At the age of 17, Gilbert was active as a preacher in several Christian youth organizations. Gilbert then studied at the Institute of Theological Education and Indonesia and graduate diploma in 1990. He then went on to study theology at the Institute of Theology and Education of Indonesia. He also finished School of Ministry training from Morris Cerullo.
Gilbert had become chairman of GO Studio Jakarta in 1993 and 1997 before he broke away and founded GL Ministry in 1998.
Currently he is still active as a preacher in both TV and radio stations and led about 18,000 congregations joined in GBI Glow Fellowship Centre.
He gained some controversies after he launched attacks on Pope Francis after Pope backed civil unions for homosexuals.
Pellizco

Pellizco (pronunciado "peyisco", en español rioplatense) es una especie de bombón típico de Argentina, producido principalmente en las ciudades de Quequén y Necochea.​
Se trata de un cono de aproximadamente dos centímetros de base por tres centímetros de alto; su interior está relleno con dulce de leche - de la variedad llamada "de repostería" - y recubierto con una fina capa de chocolate negro. Alcanzaron reconocimiento a nivel nacional gracias a la fábrica de alfajores Havanna, originaria de Mar del Plata, la cual los comercializa bajo el nombre de Havannets.​
Variedades más elaboradas de pellizco son las que tienen el dulce de leche mezclado con crema o con pequeñas cantidades de bebidas alcohólicas destiladas o con el añadido de trozos de nuez, maní, almendra, avellana, castaña de cajú, etc.​
Tofi (marca)

Tofi es una golosina argentina producida por Arcor con más de 25 años de antigüedad.
Es básicamente un chocolate con leche relleno con dulce de leche con sabor a Rhum. Es conocido por un comercial de la década de 1980 en el cual sonaba "una dulzura especial" mientras una pareja caminaba por la playa.
Inicialmente la presentación (formato más popular) era de chocolate de 27 g, pero con el tiempo Arcor decidió incluir otros tamaños (55 g y 100 g) y la variante en chocolate blanco.
Torta de leche

Las tortas de leche son un producto de repostería típico del área de Sevilla, en España. Se comen todo el año como postre, desayuno o merienda,​​ aunque se preparan más durante fechas señaladas como las navidades o la Semana Santa. Se aromatizan con ralladura de limón y a veces canela. A menudo se decoran con azúcar glas por encima.​ Muchas variedades de tortas dulces se pueden encontrar en todos los pueblos de Andalucía y otras zonas del sur de España, como las jayuyas granadinas, las sopaipas cordobesas las tortas de Alcalá, las tortas de Inés Rosales o las tradicionales tortas de aceite y leche.​​
Barm cake

A barm cake is a soft, round, flattish bread item from North West England, traditionally leavened with barm.
Bacon is often the filling for a barm cake, at home or in Lancashire cafes or bakers.
Chips are also a popular filling, sold in most fish and chip shops in the North West of England and often called a chip barm. Another popular filling in the North West, particularly Bolton, is a pasty barm. In Wigan, a whole savoury pie is served in a barm cake, traditionally known locally as a “pie barm” or “slappy”. More recently it is known as a "Wigan kebab", including on the menu of the local football team Wigan Athletic.
Gur cake

Gur cake is a pastry confection traditionally associated with Dublin, Ireland. Known as chester cake in other areas of Ireland and elsewhere, and gudge or donkey's gudge in Cork, it is similar to what is termed flies graveyard in parts of the UK, and consists of a thick layer of filling between two thin layers of pastry. The filling is a dark brown paste, containing a mixture of cake/bread crumbs, dried fruits (sultana raisins etc.), and a sweetener/binder. It has traditionally been a cheap confection, made from bakery leftovers.
Its name is thought to be a contraction of "gurrier cake". Children who skipped school were known as gurriers and the act of skipping school became known as to be 'on the gur'. As Gur cake was made of leftovers, it was one of the cheaper items in bakeries and, therefore, one of the few items affordable to a child 'on the gur'.
In bakeries, it is typically sold cut into squares of about 8 by 3 cm (3.1 by 1.2 in) thick.
In Dublin, Gur cake is regarded as symbolic of working-class areas, being highlighted in books such as Gur Cake and Coal Blocks (1976) by historian Éamonn Mac Thomáis.
Kiberen

Kiberen a zo ur gumun eus Breizh e departamant ar Mor-Bihan. Pennlec'h Kanton Kiberen eo.
Karrnijourion e oant holl. Ar Vreizhveuriz a voe lazhet pa gouezhas o c'harr-nij Beaufort I er mor, nepell eus Kiberen d'an 2 a viz Kerzu 1941 , unan ag an Aostralianed pa gouezhas e garr-nij Wellington e Kiberen d'ar 4 a viz Eost 1942 (egile, chomet dianav, a oa bet beziet e Houad da gentañ), ar Polonad pa gouezhas e garr-nij Wellington IV e Kiberen d'an 23 a viz Gwengolo 1942 , e-pad an Eil Brezel Bed.
Niver a annezidi
Gourenez Kiberen

Gourenez Kiberen zo ur c'hourenez en arvor Bro-Gwened, e su Breizh. Stag eo gourenez Kiberen ouzh an douar-bras war-bouez un erv draezh strizh. En tu kornôg d'ar c'hourenez eo uhel an aod, anvet an Aod Bras en abeg d'an tornaodoù roc'hellek oc'h ober anezhañ. En tu reter eo izeloc'h ha ganti eo gwaskedet bae Kiberen diouzh an avel gornôg. Ouzhpenn pevarzek kilometr hirder zo gant ar c'hourenez. Gwechall-gozh e oa un enezenn, distag diouzh an douar-bras, evel ar Gerveur, Houad pe Edig.
Div gumun zo el ledenez :
Kanton Kiberen

Kanton Kiberen a zo anezhañ ur rann velestradurel eus Frañs, e departamant ar Mor-Bihan hag e rannvro Breizh.
Kanton Kiberen a yae 7 kumun d'ober anezhañ :
Kanton Kiberen a ya 16 kumun d'ober anezhañ :
Kantonioù ar Mor-Bihan | Kumunioù ar Mor-Bihan
Beg ar C'hastell (Plougouskant)

Beg ar C'hastell zo ur beg-douar e kumun Plougouskant, ar beg hanternosañ war aodoù Breizh.
Alese eo kaer ar gwel : war-zu ar reter e weler enez Terc'h, tour-tan ar C'horn hag aber ar Yeodi. Pelloc’h e c’haller gwelet Erv an Talberzh, pa vez dizolo an dremmwel. Er gornaoueg e c’haller gwelet, a-bell, enezeg ar Jentilez.
Nepell diouzh Beg ar C'hastell, er gornaoueg, emañ ar C'hastell Meur, gant kerreg bras-divent hag un ti bihan sanket etre div roc'h vras, ar pezh a ya d’ober un daolenn gaer a zo bet luc’hskeudennet ha livet stank.
Al lec’h tro-dro zo gwarezet ha ne c’haller ket sevel tiez nevez. Un ti an douristed zo war an aod, er gornaoueg d’ar beg-douar, hag a vez digor e-pad an hañv.
Ar C'hastell (enez)

Ar C'hastell zo un enezenn e kumun Perwenan, e Bro-Dreger hag en Aodoù-an-Arvor, e Breizh. Emañ en enezeg Bugelez a-vaez da gêriadenn Bugelez ha d'ar Porzh-Gwenn.
Emañ en norzh da Wragez.
Ar C'hastell

Ar C’hastell (titl orin alamanek : Das Schloß) a zo ur romant diechu bet skrivet gant Franz Kafka. Echuiñ a ra ar romant e-kreiz ur frazenn, hag ar skrivagner a chomas a-sav gant ar raktres 11 miz a-raok mervel. Embannet e voe evit ar wech kentañ e 1926. Er romant e tegouezh an haroz, Josef K e anv, en ur gêriadenn savet e-harz ur c’hastell. An istor a gont ar strivoù divent a rank Josef K ober evit dont a-benn da ober e labour. Meur a zisplegadenn a zo : ur vetaforenn eus mont en-dro ar stad hag ar melestradur a c’hallfe bezañ. Tud all a soñj ez eo kentoc’h usvedel an istor : ar c’hastell a zo evel ar baradoz, hag emañ Josef K er purgator. Ar milendall melestradurel a c’hell bezañ ivez un arouez eus ar c’hemmesk psikologel a gaver en holl dud.
Tevieg

Tevieg, pe Tivieg, zo un enez prevez ha didud e kumun Sant-Pêr-Kiberen. Ul lec'hienn arkeologel a-bouez eo dre m'eo bet kavet korfoù-eskern koshañ Breizh eno.
Etre 1928 ha 1934 e voe furchet an enez gant ur c'houblad eus Loren dedennet gant an arkeologiezh, Marthe ha Saint-Just Péquart. Diskoachet e voe gante roudoù annezioù hag ur veredeg eus Krennoadvezh ar maen (war-dro 10 000 bloaz 'zo).
Ar c'horfoù kavet (seizh gwaz, eizh maouez, ur plac'h yaouank ha seizh bugel) a oa beziet e fozioù goloet gant daroù. Dielfennet eo bet ar relegoù-se ha jedet ment keidat ar wazed (1,59 m) ha hini ar maouezed (1,52 m). Unan eus ar wazed a oa bet lazhet gant ur bir kailhastr.
Lu katolik ha roueel eus Breizh

Lu katolik ha roueel Breizh, e galleg Armée catholique et royale de Bretagne, e oa anv an aozadur a vode an holl chouanted eus Breizh. Ar ger-stur a oa In Sapientia Robur, Sic Reflorescent (Er basianted emañ an nerzh, al Lili a ziwano en-dro)
Hêr e oa al lu-se d'ar Gevredigezh vrezhon savet gant La Rouërie, ha savet e oa bet gant Joseph de Puisaye evit unvaniñ an holl unvezioù chouan. D'ar 15 a viz Here 1794, Puisaye a zo enoret gant an titl a letanant jeneral lu Breizh gant ar c'hont Charles d'Artois. Goude c'hwitadenn Dilestradeg Kiberen e miz Gouhere 1795, ar penn uhel de Puisaye a zo disentet gant Lu ar Morbihan renet gant Jord Kadoudal. Puisaye ne oa ket mui gouzañvet kennebeut gant lu Roazhon ha Felger memes ma chome harpet gant priñsed Bro-C'hall.
A-benn ar fin, Puisaye a roas e zilez e 1798. Goude ur pennad amzer gant René Augustin de Chalus e penn al lu, Kont Artois a anvas Marigny e penn an traoù met nac'hañ a reas hennezh. Goude-se e voe roet al lu da Béhague a chomas un nebeud mizioù e Breizh nemetken e-pad ar bloavezh 1798, goude-se e tistroas da Vro-Saoz.
William Cranch Bond

William Cranch Bond a oa ur steredoniour amerikan bet ganet d'an 9 a viz Gwenholon 1789 , ha marvet d'an 29 a viz Genver 1859 e Cambridge , Stad Massachusetts en SUA .
Gantañ e voe dizoloet Hyperion, eizhvet loarenn Sadorn ha tennet al luc'hskeudenn gentañ ag ur steredenn
E Portland , Stad Maine en SUA eo bet ganet William Cranch Bond. E dad o-doa en em staliet aze evel un horlajer goude bezañ c'hwitet en aferoù. Pleustret gantañ, ha skoazelet gant e zonzeon evit an ijinerezh e savas William Cranch Bond e horolaj gentañ pa oa pempzek bloaz hepken. Pa voe tizhet an oad-gour gantañ e adkemeras afer e dad.
E 1806, pa oa 17 bloaz e welas William Cranch Bond ur fallaenn war an heol. D'ur steredoniour amatour ez eas neuze ha pa savas-en e di gentañ e treuzfurmas e solier d'ur gweledva.
E 1815 e veajas en Europa. Kaset e oa bet gant Skol-veur Harvard da studian ar gweledvaoù europeat. D'ar 18 a viz 1819, e Kingsbridge e Devon e eurediñ e geniterv Selina Cranch en doe pevar mab ha div verc'h ganti. Goude he marv e 1831 e timezas gant he c'hoar Mary Roope Cranch.
E 1839 e voe aotret da lakaat e draoù steredourel dezhañ e unan e Harvard ha da servij aze evel "Astronomical Observer to the University.". Gopr ebet e tegermere evit-se avat. E 1843 e savas tremennadenn ur steredenn lostek interest a-walc'h evit ma voe barrek da zastum 25,730 $ da sevel ur gweledva gwir. Gant Bond e voe graet raktresoù ar savadur hag ar gador-sell. Ur pell-seller alaman a brenas ar skol-veur hag a voe implijet evit ar wech gentañ d'ar 24 a viz Even 1847.
Yann-Vari Picart

Yann-Vari Picart (17 Here 1827, Bodiliz - 24 Ebrel 1897, Gwineventer) a oa beleg, skrivagner ha troour brezhonek. Person Gwikar e voe. Kenlabourat a reas gant Feiz ha Breiz. Unan eus diazezerien manati Kerbenead e voe e Gwineventer.
gant an anv-pluenn Ian ar Gernevez:
Satanig Madeira

Satanig Madeira zo ur spesad evned-mor eus kerentiad an Hydrobatidae, Oceanodroma castro an anv skiantel anezhañ.
Kavet ez eus bet nevez zo e c'hall an annezioù bout ac'hubet gant poblañsoù disheñvel, hervez ma vez tomm pe yen an amzer ; diforc'hoù zo ivez etre ar poblañsoù a-fed kan ha muzadur. Kement-se a gas da soñjal e vefe daou is-spesad "kuzh" er spesad a vez rummataet hiziv. En Azorez ivez e kaver al labous, hogen nevez zo ez eo bet anavet evel ur spesad arall.
Kastell Bleaz

Kastell Bleaz zo ur c'hastell e Bleaz, e-kreiz Bro-C'hall. Unan eus annezioù rouaned Bro-C'hall e oa da vare an Azginivelezh.
Meur a stil disheñvel a gaver er savadur, savet adalek ar Grennamzer betek ar XII kantved. Ar c'hastell kozh a voe adkempennet gant ar roue Loeiz XII, a dremenas kalz eus e amzer ennañ, ha gant Frañsez Iañ war e lerc'h. Er XII kantved e voe graet labourioù c'hoazh, gant an tisavour François Mansard, evit an aotrou Gaston d'Orléans, breur Loeiz XIII.
Anna Breizh, pried Loeiz XII a vevas darn eus he buhez er c'hastell ha mervel a reas ennañ d'an 9 a viz Genver 1514.
İzmir

İzmir (إزمير İzmir e turkeg, Σμύρνη Smýrnē e gresianeg modern, Իզմիր, en armenianeg, Smirne en italianeg, Ladino, Izmir e ladinoeg hep an i gant ur pik) a zo an trede kêr e keñver ar boblañs e Turkia hag ar porzh brasañ goude İstanbul.Emañ e Pleg-mor İzmir war ar Mor Egaios. Kêr-benn proviñs İzmir eo. Rannet eo bet ar gêr etre 9 distrig-meurgêr, i. e. Balçova, Bornova, Buca, Çiğli, Gaziemir, Güzelbahçe, Karşıyaka, Konak ha Narlıdere. E 2000 eo bet jedet ur boblañs 2 409 000 annezad ha 3 500 000 e 2005.
Anv ez eus eus ar gêriadenn Ti-smurna war an tablezennoù Live II dizouaret e lec'h un trevadenn assirian e Kültepe (hanterenn gentañ an 2vet milved K. J.-K.), met ne c'heller ket bezañ asur ma 'z eus un dave da İzmir. Lod a soñje e c'hellfe bezañ un dave da Smirna, unan eus an Amazonezed. Ar meneg gresianek koshañ a zo unan e gresian aeolek, Μύῥρα, Mýrrha a zo bet kenstur d'an ionieg ha attikeg Σμύρνη Smýrnē, an daou stumm a vije deuet eus an hinirakgresianek, *Smúrnā.
Smyrna a zo e gresianeg anv ar brousgwez Myrrha commifera, ar gwez-dindin, blantenn a zo dezhi ur rousin frondus anvet ar mir hag a vez kavet er Reter-Nesañ ha Bis Afrika. Ar Romaned o deus implijet Smyrna evel anv ar gêr hag e teu İzmir eus ar stumm-se. E brezhoneg e vez implijet Smirn evit ar mareoù rakturk.
Diwar dizoaladennoù graet e 2004 ha 2005 e ouzer eo İzmir unan eus ar gêrioù koshañ a zo bet er Reter-Nesañ p'eo bet kavet roudoù an annezioù er bloavezioù - 6500 betek - 4000 hag e c'heller gwelout n'eus ket bet spann ebet a-hed ar c'hantvedoù.
Edouard Balladur ganet d'an 2 a viz Mae 1929.
Gwydion fab Dôn

Gwydion zo unan a vibien Dôn. Skeudenn a ra an arvez hud-ha-kravezel ag ar riegezh.
Un hudour a-bouez eo Gwydion e Mabinogi Math. Hervez an danevell e klaskas pellaat Math fab Mathonwy ag ar wercʼhez Goewin en ur zaeañ an Dyfed goude bout eskemmet moc'h gant objedoù hudel hag en em zistrujont goude an eskemm. Ar brezel a c'hourfennas gant marv Pryderi, mab Pwyll, lazhet gant Gwydion en un emgann etrezo o-unan. Goude-se e voe doujet Gwydion evel aozour ar brezel, kannadour en amzer peoc'h, ur c'hadour hollc'halloudek en amzer brezel, hag ur mestr-hudour. Math a binijennas ar c'hadour Gilvaethwy ha Gwydion evit bout gwallet Goewin. Evel pinijenn e strobinellas anezho da vout ur c'houplad a loened gouez, ur vloaz evel ur heizez ha karv, ur vloaz evel hoc'h ha gwiz, ur vloaz evel bleiz ha bleizez. Er stummoù-se e c'heneljont tri c'hadour-loen: Hydun, Hychdwn, Bleidwn.
Pa c'henelas Arianrhod ur vab anvet Dylan, e c'henellas ivez ur gevell bihanoc'h ha disneuz. Gwydion a guzhas anezhañ en un arc'hig hag a zisavas ar bugel a vo anvet Lleu Llaw Gyffes hag a zeuio da vout un haroz bras. Lavaret e vez eo Gwydion ar barzh gwellañ ag ar bed. Kemer a reas perzh e kad Caer Nefenhir ha cad Goddeu o stourmiñ gant e vataraz. Ar menezioù hag ar morioù a zo e annezioù.
En e anv e kaver ar wrizenn "wid-" hag a dalv "gouiziegezh".
Caer Wydion eo an anv kozh a vez graet e kembraeg eus Hent Sant Jakez.
Aradon

Aradon (distaget [aʁaˈwɔn] er vro) a zo ur gumun eus kanton Gwened-2 e departamant ar Mor-Bihan.
War vord pleg-mor ar Mor Bihan emañ kumun Aradon.
Kumunioù amezek da Aradon: Baden; Ploveren; Gwened; Sine.
An aod hag an inizi a vez war borzh ar gumuniezh :
Niver a annezidi
Tud bet o chom en Aradon :
Coastal artillery of the Dardanelles Strait

Coastal artillery of the Dardanelles Strait (Turkish: Çanakkale Tabyaları) are a series of redoubts on each side of the Dardanelles Strait which controlled the strait in the First World War during the Naval operations in the Dardanelles Campaign. Some castles located in the background also supported the coastal artillery.
The corporal Seyit Çabuk of the Rumeli Mecidiye artillery was responsible in sinking the French battleship Bouvet on 18 April 1915.
Saint-Pierre-Quiberon

Saint-Pierre-Quiberon (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ pjɛʁ kibʁɔ̃]; Breton: Sant-Pêr-Kiberen) is a commune in the Morbihan department of Brittany in north-western France. The commune occupies the northern part of the Quiberon peninsula, that it shares with the commune of Quiberon.
Residents of Saint-Pierre-Quiberon are called Saint-Pierrois in French.
Fort Penthièvre dates from the 19th century.
There are four railway stations in the commune of Saint-Pierre-Quiberon, all on the Auray–Quiberon railway which is operated in summer only: Saint-Pierre-Quiberon, Kerhostin, L'Isthme and Penthièvre. At Auray station connections to Paris and other places in France are offered.
Terihi

Terihi is a small, uninhabited, rocky island in the Marquesas Islands, less than 300 m (0.19 mi) southeast from Mohotani. It has an area of 0.15 square kilometres (0.06 square miles) and a coastline of 3.40 kilometres (2.11 miles).
In 1992, the island became officially protected by its inclusion in the Motane Nature Reserve.
Tour Barberousse

The Tour Barberousse (in English, Redbeard Tower) is in the coastal village of Gruissan in the Aude département of France.
The tower is all that remains of a castle built at the end of the 10th century to observe the approaches to the harbour at Narbonne and to guard against seaborne invasions of the city. Built on a steep, rocky hill, the castle was enlarged in the 12th century by the Archbishops of Narbonne, Guillaume de Broa.
In the 16th century it was dismantled on the orders of Richelieu and has been left neglected since then.
Today, the village of Gruissan surrounds the castle remains. The view from the castle site over the village and surrounding coastline is quite spectacular. The tower and the ruins of the castle are listed as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture.
43°6′28″N 3°5′4″E﻿ / ﻿43.10778°N 3.08444°E﻿ / 43.10778; 3.08444
Hœdic

Hœdic or Hoëdic (French pronunciation: [edik]; Breton: Edig) is an island off the south coast of Brittany in northwestern France. Its bigger "twin sister" island is Houat.
Administratively, Hœdic is a commune in the Morbihan department.
Hœdic is located in the heart of Mor Braz [fr], a bay in the Atlantic Ocean off the south coast of Brittany (Rhuys and Quiberon peninsulas), 13 km (8.1 miles) east of Belle-Île and 5 km (3.1 miles) southeast of Houat. It is part of a line of granite crests that includes the Le Croisic peninsula, Dumet Island, Houat, Quiberon, and Groix.
Hœdic is a low, undulating plateau, 800 metres (2,600 ft) wide by 2,500 metres (8,200 ft) long. Its peak, at an altitude of 22 metres (72 ft), is located in the middle of its eastern part, on the road that leads from the village to the hamlet of the Phare. The island's base consists essentially of granite and less often of schists. The coast is an alternation of sandy coves and rocky points of variable height, generally more marked to the north (Beg Lagat, the Old Castle) than to the south (Beg Er Faut, Kasperakiz). There are two marshes, one modest, behind the dune of the new harbor, the other about twenty hectares behind the dune of the old port. In addition to the main island, the town has several small islands, including Roc'h Melen, Madavoar, Cardinals, Mulons, and others.
Hœdic has long been associated with familial polyculture of livestock and crops—that is, in farms owned by people and families rather than heavily industrialised farms—along with their fishing resources. The former disappeared in the middle of the 20th century, while the latter had a second wind in the 1980s but is currently declining. Currently, Hœdic is largely dependent on tourism, even more significantly than its neighbour Houat. Similar to Houat, the majority of its land is being invaded by brush.
Hœdic is a car-free island with around 100 inhabitants in the wintertime. During the summer, its population can reach 3,000, including boaters, tourists, and campers coming to the island. The island is connected to the mainland via Compagnie Océane boats year-round and Compagnie des Iles boats during the tourist season (connections from Quiberon).
Inhabitants of Hœdic are called Hœdicais.
Battle of Carrickfergus (1760)

The Battle of Carrickfergus took place in February 1760 in Carrickfergus, Kingdom of Ireland during the Seven Years' War. A force of 600 French troops landed under the command of the Privateer François Thurot, overwhelmed the small garrison of the town, and captured Carrickfergus Castle.
When word of the capture reached Dublin, a small force of dragoons was despatched by the Lord Lieutenant the Duke of Bedford, who feared, incorrectly, that it was a feint to draw British forces to the north while a main French force was to attack Cork or Dublin. Therefore, the bulk of the Royal Irish Army remained where it was rather than marching to the assistance of Ulster.
Thurot held the town for five days, menacing nearby Belfast and demanding supplies and a ransom. In the face of the mobilisation of large numbers of local militia under General Strode, and the appearance of a Royal Navy squadron off the coast, Thurot re-embarked his force and departed the town.
Thurot was subsequently killed during the Battle of Bishops Court, but his feat in landing on enemy soil was widely hailed in France and he became a national hero, partly because his perceived daring was in sharp contrast to the incompetence shown by French naval officers at the recent Battle of Quiberon Bay.
MV Quiberon

Quiberon was a ferry operated by Brittany Ferries between 1982 and 2002. She then operated on the Mediterranean for Euroferrys under the name Guila D'Abundo. In 2010, she was renamed D'Abundo and sent to Alang for scrapping.
From her launch and throughout her service with Brittany Ferries her Port of Registry was Morlaix.
Quiberon suffered an engine room fire on 17 July 1992 which claimed the life of one crew member. Crossing from Plymouth to Roscoff with 1,034 passengers aboard, the ship put out an emergency call which resulted in British and French air sea rescue helicopters scrambling to the ship's aid. The fire was extinguished by the ship's own crew before land-based assistance could come aboard, but passengers were mustered and lifeboats swung out as a precaution. Quiberon remained out of service for much of the rest of the summer season, not reappearing from repairs until the end of August. As a result of this fire, the ship received some rather unflattering newspaper headlines.
Facilities available on board the Quiberon included 2 cinemas, 2 restaurants, a Salon de Thé, 4 shops and more than 280 cabins. She received a full renovation prior to entering service in 1982 and another one in 1990.
Valdivia (Ecuador)

La Comuna Valdivia pertenece a la parroquia Manglaralto, cantón Santa Elena, Ecuador y está ubicada al norte de la provincia del mismo nombre, está cerca de Montañita,​ a unos 45 minutos de la cabecera cantonal.​ Mantiene vecindad con la cerca comuna de San pedro.
Forma parte de la famosa vía turística costanera “Ruta del Spondylus”. De acuerdo a la Declaratoria de Patrimonio Cultural Nacional del Sitio Arqueológico Valdivia (1997), su territorio comprende 1,3 hectáreas como zona de primer orden, es decir, el sitio arqueológico principal, donde se encontraron los primeros restos de la cultura Valdivia. La zona de influencia urbana de la comuna, que cuenta con 64 hectáreas y el resto del territorio comunal se declaró zona de control y respeto, con un total de 1572 hectáreas.​
En valdivia se localiza el Museo Venus de Valdivia, El museo fue inaugurado finalmente en 1985. La declaratoria de Patrimonio Cultural de la Nación para el sitio epónimo sobre el que se asienta ahora el repositorio y para el territorio de la comuna llegó en 1997. Valdivia es importante también por otra razón: en 1971 los arqueólogos Henning Bischof y Julio Viteri descubrieron una nueva cultura, La San Pedro, cuando regresaron a la excavación de Estrada. La llaman San Pedro por la comuna vecina: el museo del sitio de excavación de Estrada está en el límite de las dos comunidades (tan cercanas que se confunden). Las culturas San Pedro y Valdivia, con tipos de cerámica diferentes, coexisten en varios yacimientos.​ en esta referencia, esta equivocado esta enciclopedia. estudie bien el caso de su ejemplar. La cultura Valdivia es una de las culturas mas antigua del continente americano.
El sitio cuenta con áreas de exhibición, manglares, venta de artesanías, quioscos y servicio de estacionamiento, se pueden observar Pingüinos, erizos y caballitos de mar, son algunas de las especies que se pueden apreciar en los amplios estanques. El acuario es un lugar de rescate y de conservación de especies marinas con 166 individuos, de 40 especies marinas. Además cuenta con sendero elevado que permite observar las especies del estero El Azufre y la Reserva Marina El Pelado.​
Los pobladores se dedicaban a la alfarería, el arte de fabricar objetos de barro cocido, es un oficio casi olvidado en una comuna en donde la mayoría de los habitantes trabajan en pequeños talleres de zapatería, que se toman las fachadas de las casas. Los inicios de este oficio, que ha desplazado a actividades como la pesca y la agricultura, hasta los talleres del colegio cuya construcción se impulsó con el museo. Solo diez embarcaciones se dedican ahora de forma permanente a la pesca. Son solo unos treinta pescadores aproximadamente.​
Tanto la comuna Valdivia como la comuna San Pedro están optimistas de que muy pronto dejarán de ser lugares de paso para convertirse en sitios de estadía como ocurre con otras localidades de la provincia de Santa Elena, debido a que en San Pedro ahora denominada como "Capital de la aventura", se pueden realizar vuelos de parapente y en Valdivia se mantiene en la retina de turistas por el parque marino que fue habilitado en noviembre del 2016.​
Félix José de Augusta

Félix José de Augusta (n. August Stephan Kathan,​ Augsburgo, 26 de diciembre de 1860 - Valdivia, 16 de noviembre de 1935) fue un médico cirujano y misionero capuchino de origen judeoalemán, estudioso de las costumbres de los mapuches. Cobró mucha notoriedad sobre todo por sus trabajos lingüísticos relativos al mapudungun.
Realizó sus estudios de Medicina en la Universidad de Múnich, los que cursó satisfactoriamente, titulándose como doctor en medicina y cirugía. Puesto que tenía vocación de servicio al prójimo, entró al convento de los capuchinos de Laufen en 1887, haciendo su primera profesión de votos el 6 de marzo del año siguiente. El 2 de agosto de 1890 fue ordenado sacerdote.
En 1896, fray Félix José viajó a Chile junto a los misioneros bávaros Anselmo de Kamin, Tadeo de Wiessent y Sérvulo de Gottmannshofen, arribando a las costas de ese país el 4 de enero de aquel año. Apenas se internó en la Araucanía, se dedicó a las labores de evangelización e instrucción de los mapuches en diversas misiones de su orden. Arrendó una choza en medio de un apartado lago de esa zona, y allí se abocó al estudio de la lengua aborigen.
También el padre Félix se destacó en la defensa de los derechos de los indígenas, quienes sufrían constantemente las iniquidades que resultaban del desconocimiento del idioma español por parte de éstos, lo que se traducía en engaños y reyertas. De esta forma, los naturales le manifestaron un sincero aprecio.
En el transcurso de los años que pasó educando en la fe a los mapuches, se sirvió de algunos de ellos para iniciarse en el aprendizaje profundo del mapudungun. Tras laboriosos y pacientes estudios, compiló todos sus apuntes y los reunió aplicando métodos novedosos, que se convirtieron en 1903 en la "Gramática araucana". Esta publicación fue calurosamente recibida en el ambiente intelectual de Chile, al punto que el distinguido y eminente lingüista de la Universidad de Chile Dr. Rodolfo Lenz, alabó la obra por su erudición y por su espíritu altamente didáctico y pedagógico
Más tarde, en colaboración de fray Sigisfredo Schneider de Frauenhäusl, dio a conocer en 1910 su trabajo intitulado "Lecturas araucanas", con el que alcanzó un enorme prestigio. Pero el que le prodigó un enorme éxito dentro de la comunidad científica del país, fue su trabajo más logrado y que lo convirtió en uno de los principales estudiosos de la lengua mapuche: el "Diccionario araucano-español, español-araucano", cuya primera edición salió a la venta en 1916.
Museo Venus de Valdivia

El Museo Venus de Valdivia se encuentra ubicada en la Provincia de Santa Elena en la comuna Valdivia a tres horas de la ciudad de Guayaquil, es parte de la Ruta del Spondylus declarado Patrimonio Cultural de Interés Científico y Arqueológico del Ecuador el 16 de julio de 1997.​Obtiene su nombre de las figurillas "Venus" de la cultura Valdivia.
El museo está a 40 minutos de la capital de la provincia Santa Elena, Destacan sus numerosas piezas de culturas como la Valdivia, Chorrera, Manteña, Guangala y Huancavilca, las osamentas de indígenas de origen asiático y oriental que datan de hace 4.000 años A.C. muy bien mantenidas en urnas de cristal.​
En 1821 los comuneros empezaron a descubrir restos arqueológicos al construir sus viviendas. Tiempo después, entre 1956 y 1957, el arqueólogo Víctor Emilio Estrada, junto con un equipo de trabajo conformado por comuneros y profesionales extranjeros, documentaron la existencia de la cultura Valdivia, desconocida hasta entonces, tras estudiar más de 25.000 fragmentos cerámicos que encontraron en la zona.​
El museo fue construido por DITURIS (Dirección nacional de turismo) ahora ministerio de turismo en el año 1978, siendo abierto al público en el año 1985, debajo de lo que hoy es este sitio se encuentra oculto lo que fuera el primer sitio de la cultura Valdivia excavado científicamente. El inventario de las piezas y objetos del museo fue realizado por el comunero Juan Orrala, artesano y guía del museo en ese tiempo, en conjunto con delegados españoles enviados por parte del gobierno nacional para que inventariar todas las piezas que resguarda el sitio, este proceso se efectuó entre los años 2013-2014, del cual se manifiesta que se encontraron más fragmentos que piezas completas, teniendo un total de 950 piezas inventariadas registradas en el Ministerio de Cultura y Patrimonio en la ciudad de Quito.​
Festival Internacional de Cine de Lebu

El Festival Internacional de Cine de Lebu (FICIL) es un festival de cine que se realiza anualmente desde 1999 en la ciudad chilena de Lebu, Provincia de Arauco.
Se realiza todos los veranos al interior de la Caverna de Benavides,​ y es uno de los festivales de cine más importantes de Chile y el más importante de la Región del Biobío.​
En los últimos años, la presentación del festival se ha extendido al extranjero, creándose subsedes de este en otros países, como Argentina,​ Cuba, España​ y México.​
Los ganadores recibían originalmente como premio de este festival la estatuilla «Caverna de Benavides».​ Desde 2013, el premio principal cambió por la estatuilla «Cine Lebu».​
A partir de su versión número 18, se transforma en el primer festival de cine de Chile en ser calificador de cortometrajes para los Premios Oscar, de esta manera los cortometrajes ganadores de las categorías Ficción Internacional, Ficción Regional y Animación Internacional pasarán a formar parte de la preselección de la cual saldrán los cortometrajes que competirán por el premio otorgado por la Academia de las Artes y las Ciencias Cinematográficas de Hollywood.​​​
Presley Norton Yoder

Presley Norton Yoder (Guayaquil, February 26, 1932 – May 8, 1993) was an Ecuadorian archeologist and entrepreneur.
He made excavations in the 1970s and early 1980s, in the province of Guayas, where he uncovered a number of vases and figurines of the Machalilla culture, and also uncovered some from the Valdivia culture dating 3000 years BC.
Presley Norton Yoder was born in Guayaquil, Ecuador, on February 26, 1932. His father was Presley Norton (1907–1944) of New York, and his mother was Blanche La Rose Yoder of Guayaquil.
Presley Norton's grandfather was Evermont Hope Norton (1873–1960) a businessman from Richmond, Virginia, who was a former president and chairman of the Ecuadorian Corporation, Ltd. and the International Products Corporation. Evermont went to South America in 1911 as president of the Guayaquil and Quito Railway Company, after an early career as a stockbroker in New York. He developed the Ecuadorian Railroad, which rises from the Pacific Coast city of Guayaquil, over the Andes Mountains to Quito. Evermont graduated in 1895 from the University of Virginia. He started in Wall Street the following year, and until 1899 was senior partner in Norton & Tunstall. He served in Naval Intelligence in World War I. He was married several times, one time to Lily Bouvier Morison of Saint Louis, MO who was a great aunt of Jackeline Bouvier Kennedy.
Presley Norton's father died when he was about 12 years old. He inherited shares worth $600,000, which by the time he was of age in 1950 had become $5,000,000.
Norton had dual citizenship in Ecuador and the United States, because he was born in Ecuador and his father was born in New York. In 1950 he joined the American army, which stationed him in Hawaii (1950–1952).
Between 1950 and 1953 he studied literature and history at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island. He then went to Paris and enrolled at the Sorbonne, where he took courses in the history of French civilization and contemporary philosophy until 1955.
In 1960 Norton married Leonor Pérez Gómez, with whom he had 4 children. After divorcing Leonor he married an English woman, Georgina Marten Sturt, in 1973. He divorced Georgina in 1978 and married María Isabel Fernández Salvador Eastman in 1982, with whom he had 2 children.
In 1962 he started the first television channel in Guayaquil, Ecuador, "Televisión Ecuatoriana Canal 4" (Ecuadorian TV Channel 4) with the help of ABC (American Broadcasting Inc) of New York who put up 1/3 of the money while he put up a 2/3 investment. Later he started Channel 6 in Quito.
He died on May 8, 1993, of a heart attack.
Museo de Arte Contemporáneo Valdivia

Museo de Arte Contemporáneo or MAC (Spanish for Museum of Contemporary Art) is a modern art museum in Valdivia run by Universidad Austral de Chile. It was founded in 1994 by the then rector of Universidad Austral Manfred Max-Neef and the artist Hernán Miranda. Artists that have had exhibitions at MAC include: Nicanor Parra and Juan Francisco Salazar. MAC was built in the same site of the old Anwandter Brewery that collapsed during the 1960 Valdivia earthquake.
Manteño-Huancavilca culture

The Manteño-Huancavilca culture (Spanish: Los Manteños) were one of the last pre-Columbian cultures in modern-day Ecuador, active from 850 to 1600 CE (1150–400 BP). It encompasses the area of the earlier Valdivia culture.
The term was coined in the mid-20th century by Ecuadorian archeologist Jacinto Jijón y Caamaño, to describe pre-Hispanic settlement near the town of Manta on the Pacific coast. Their historic area has been engulfed in part by more recent settlement.
Soon after Jijón y Caamaño published his findings, the term Manteño began to be applied to several distinct sub-groups: northern Manteño (Manteño del Norte, Sillas, or Manabita), southern Manteño (Huancavilca) and Punáe. Some archaeologists and historians reject this split, however, applying the term Huancavilca to all three groups; this term is of Incan origin, from the time of the first colonisation.
Little work has distinguished such groupings. Historian Cieza de León, however, says that residents in coastal towns north of Salango used a type of facial tattoo distinguishable from those to their south. Other proposed divisions have included coastal and inland areas, based on types of burial and subsistence.
The Manteño chiefdoms – under the broad definition – extended over coastal parts of the present-day provinces of Manabí, Santa Elena and Guayas, including La Plata Island. The Bahía de Caráquez and Chone River mark the northern boundary of this territory, and the Guayas basin its southern boundary.
According to early colonial sources, the town of Picoazá was the site of a Manteño chiefdom. In addition, major sites have been found at the Cerro de Hojas and Cerro Jaboncillo, the Cerro de Paco, Cerro las Negras, Cerro los Santo, Bellavista, Agua Blanca, Loma de los Cangrejitos, López Viejo, Los Frailes, Montecristi, Olón, Salango and La Libertad.
Many (if not all) were split into four major settlements, with the chief of the principal settlement overlord. Caamaño believed that the Manteños operated like a trading ring rather than a kingdom or empire, and drew parallels to the Hanseatic League. Manteño settlements typically contain large quantities of characteristic pottery and large stone foundations.
The culture primarily grew fruits and vegetables, such as maize, peanuts, tomatoes, and squash. The civilizations built their houses out of straw or palm leaves, and also used houses made of a type of bamboo native to the region, using river rocks as a foundation. The culture was also specialized in diving for Spondylus, a food that was said to be of the gods. They also used its purple and orange shell as a type of currency; this shell was traded throughout the region as far north as Mexico. The Spondylus is unique to the warm waters of coastal Ecuador. The Manteños were such a unique culture that the Inca never conquered them and let the Manteños buy their way with the food and shell of the gods that they only knew how to find due to this specialization of diving.
Kunstmann

39°50′13″S 73°16′42″W﻿ / ﻿39.837°S 73.2782°W﻿ / -39.837; -73.2782
Kunstmann is a Chilean beer brand produced in Torobayo, Valdivia by Compañia Cervecera Kunstmann S.A. Its current CEO is Armin Kunstmann.
Kunstmann claims to brew its beers according to the precepts of the Reinheitsgebot (using malts/barley, water, hops and yeast). The geographical location of their main factory, allows the usage of clean natural water.
Beer production in Valdivia dates from the early years of the German colonisation in southern Chile with Carlos Anwandter and his family being the first brewers in the area, after the opening of the Cerveceria Anwandter in 1851; such company was destroyed by the 1960 Valdivia earthquake.
By the late 1980s and early 1990s, the German-Chilean Kunstmann family decides to start experimenting with the production of beer at home, managing some moderate success with neighbors and family. In 1997, the production process is moved out of the family home in Valdivia and a small restaurant and factory is opened on the outskirts of the city in Torobayo called "La Cerveceria", thus creating the Sociedad Cervecera Valdivia Ltda which was founded by members of the Kunstmann Family.
In 1998, the brand starts its expansion plan to markets abroad with the first shipments to Germany and the United States, followed by the entrance to the Japanese market in 2001. Up until 2002, all international exported products carried the "Patagonia" brand name but in an effort to unify their brand image and recognition, the Patagonia name is discarded and since then, all products carry the Kunstmann brand name.
By 2003, Kunstmann had already managed to grab 0.5% of the Chilean beer market, producing up to 20.000hl of beer per month. That same year, in May 10 Kunstmann closes a distribution and advertising deal with Compañia de Cervecerias Unidas (United Brewing Company) which acquired a 49% stake, creating the current Compañia Cervecera Kunstmann S.A.
Kunstmann has created a brand name and image which is strongly associated with German tradition by virtue of their idea of preserving the cultural elements brought in by the german settlers in Southern Chile. One of those elements, was the creation and management of a beer festival (modeled on the style of the Oktoberfest) called "Bierfest Kunstmann". Since 2002, it gathers crowds from all over Chile and abroad. Such event takes place during the summer months each year (normally by the end of January, early February).
In 2017, a brand restructuring process resulted in the creation of a new beer bar and restaurant concept called "Kunstmann Kneipe" catering to a more casual young adult professional segment. By 2019/2020 however they got re-branded as "Kunstmann Craft Bar".
As part of their brand strategy, Kunstmann has created a diversified portfolio of products. Each one, catering to a specific demography or type of consumer. Their current offerings can be classified by product families.
Cape Valdivia

Cape Valdivia (Kapp Valdivia) is the northernmost point on Bouvet Island (Bouvetøya i Søratlanteren) in the South Atlantic Ocean. The subantarctic Bouvet Island is administered by Norway.
Cape Valdivia lies in the centre of the island's highest point. To the west lies Cape Circoncision (Kapp Circoncision), from which Cape Valdivia is separated by a five kilometre stretch of coastline known as the Morgenstierne Coast (Morgenstiernekysten). Just north of the cape is the small islet of Gjest Baardsenstøtta. The distance to Norway is about 12,460 km. The cape derives its name from the German survey ship Valdivia, which fixed the position of Bouvet island in 1898.
54°23′20″S 3°21′14″E﻿ / ﻿54.389°S 3.354°E﻿ / -54.389; 3.354
Menara Jam Peringatan Victoria

Menara Jam Peringatan Victoria atau juga dikenali sebagai Jubilee Clock Tower telah didirikan oleh Cheah Chen Eok dari Pulau Pinang pada tahun 1897. Menara jam ini didirikan sempena memperingati Jubli Intan pemerintahan Ratu Victoria (1837-1897). Tinggi menara ini ialah 60 kaki (18 m), satu kaki untuk setiap tahu pemerintahan baginda. Menara ini telah menjadi condong akibat bom yang dijatuhkan ke Istana Raja Edward semasa Perang Dunia II telah memberi kesan kepada asasnya.
Menara Jam Atkinson

Menara Jam Atkinson (Bahasa Inggeris: Atkinson Clock Tower) ialah sebuah menara jam bersejerah serta mercu tanda yang terletak pada kaki Bukit Bendera di pusat bandar raya Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Dibina pada tahun 1905 sebagai tugu peringatan kematian Francis George Atkinson, pegawai daerah Jesselton yang pertama, menara jam yang diperbuat daripada kayu tersebut merupakan salah satu daripada tiga bangunan pra-Perang Dunia Kedua yang masih utuh di daerah Kota Kinabalu.
Dengan ketinggian yang mencapai 15.24 meter (50 kaki) dan asas yang berbentuk segi empat tepat, Menara Jam Atkinson dibina mengikut seni bina eklektik. Kecuali muka dinding yang menghadap Bukit Bendera, sebuah jam dipasang pada bahagian atas setiap muka dinding menara tersebut. Menara Jam Atkinson juga mempunyai loceng yang menandakan masa dengan berbunyi setiap satu jam. Dinding luaran menara tersebut yang berwana putih pernah digunakan sebagai penentu arah bagi kapal-kapal yang ingin mendarat di pelabuhan Jesselton. Menara tersebut juga diterangi lampu pada waktu malam, justeru menjadikannya rumah api yang membantu pengemudi kapal yang menghampiri Teluk Likas.
Penambakan laut sekitar pelabuhan Jesselton yang berlaku pada zaman 1950-an menyebabkan Menara Jam Atkinson semakin jauh dari garis pantai. Akibatnya, menjelang akhir 1950-an, menara tersebut tidak lagi digunakan sebagai alat bantuan pelayaran. Walau bagaimanapun, kerja pemulihan dan penyenggaraan terus dilakukan ke atas menara tersebut oleh Muzium Sabah. Pada tahun 2017, Menara Jam Atkinson diwartakan sebagai salah satu daripada 24 Tapak Warisan Negeri Sabah.
Menara jam ini dibina bagi memperingati mendiang Francis George Atkinson, pegawai daerah pertama Jesselton yang meninggal dunia kerana penyakit malaria atau "Demam Borneo" ketika berusia 28 tahun pada Disember 1902. Ibunya, Puan Mary Edith Atkinson memperkenalkan jam bermuka dua di bandar Jesselton sebagai satu penghormatan bagi ingatan terhadap anaknya. Struktur ini akhirnya berjaya disiapkan pada 20 April 1905. Sebuah jalan juga dinamakan sempena nama Francis George Atkinson iaitu Atkinson Drive (kini dikenali sebagai Jalan Istana) yang menghubungkan Jalan Tuaran dan pusat bandar Kota Kinabalu.
Kulat (kartunis)

Ralat ungkapan: Pengendali < tidak dijangka
Kulat(nama pena) atau nama penuh beliau Ruhisham Hashim, merupakan pelukis komik Malaysia yang banyak menghasilkan karya di majalah Gila-Gila. Dia juga merupakan ketua bagi kumpulan GG Group. Kartunis Kulat pernah menghasilkan kartun MAT METAL yang sangat popular di majalah Gila-Gila.
Selain melukis untuk majalah, kulat juga banyak menghasilkan kartun dalam bentuk kad ucapan. Kulat kini masih aktif melukis untuk ilustrasi buku, termasuk Siri Cereka Sains terbitan Utusan Publication & Distributors Sdn. Bhd. (Up&D) dinobatkan sebagai penerima Anugerah Majlis Buku Kanak-Kanak dan Remaja Malaysia MBBY). UP&D turut memenangi hadiah penghargaan melalui penulisnya iaitu Ruhisham Hashim (Kulat) dan beberapa penulis lain. Antara Karya ilustrasi Ruhisham Hashim (kulat) ialah The Legend of Flying Cats, Clokie the Talking Clock Tower, Celebrating with the Annual Dwarf, Papie the Magic Paper dan The Greedy Doctor Barr.
Bagi Kulat pula, karya-karyanya berfungsi sebagai medium kepada pendedahan awal kanak-kanak terhadap dunia buku dan pembacaan. Oleh itu, ia disampaikan menerusi ilustrasi yang menarik. Latar belakang beliau sebagai kartunis dan ilustrator banyak membantu mengenal pasti pendekatan dan bentuk ilustrasi yang sesuai dalam sembilan siri karya tersebut.
Jika anda melihat rencana yang menggunakan templat {{tunas}} ini, gantikanlah dengan templat tunas yang lebih spesifik.
Menara Jam Peringatan Birch

Menara Jam Peringatan Birch atau Tugu Peringatan Birch merupakan salah satu tumpuan para pelancong di Perak.
Menara Jam Peringatan Birch terletak di bandar Ipoh, Perak.
Menara jam ini dibina pada tahun 1909 bagi memperingati ulang tahun kematian residen British yang pertama di Perak, iaitu JWW Birch. Beliau telah dibunuh Lela Pandak Lam atau lebih dikenali sebagai Datuk Maharaja Lela di Pasir Salak pada tahun 1875.
Projek pembinaan telah digerakkan pada tahun 1905 oleh anak JWW Birch iaitu EW Birch, yang merupakan residen British di Perak yang kelapan