2024–25 Australian region cyclone season

The 2024–25 Australian region cyclone season is an ongoing weather event in the southern hemisphere. The season has officially started on 1 November 2024 and will end on 30 April 2025, however, a tropical cyclone could form at any time between 1 July 2024 and 30 June 2025 and would count towards the season total. During the season, tropical cyclones will be officially monitored by one of the three tropical cyclone warning centres (TCWCs) for the region which are operated by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology, National Weather Service of Papua New Guinea and the Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics. The United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) and other national meteorological services including Météo-France and the Fiji Meteorological Service will also monitor the basin during the season.
Ahead of the season officially starting on 1 November, the Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) and New Zealand's National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA) both issued a tropical cyclone outlook that discussed the upcoming season. These outlooks took into account a variety of factors such as a developing weak to moderate La Niña event and what had happened in previous seasons such as 1983–84, 1995–96, 2005–06 and 2017–18. The Southwest Pacific tropical cyclone outlook issued by New Zealand's National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA) in conjunction with MetService, the BoM and various other Pacific meteorological services, predicted that six to ten tropical cyclones would occur over the South Pacific Ocean between 135°E and 120°W. The outlook also predicted that three to four of these tropical cyclones would intensify further and become either a Category three, four or five severe tropical cyclone on the Australian tropical cyclone intensity scale. In addition to contributing towards the Southwest Pacific tropical cyclone outlook, the BoM predicted that tropical cyclone activity within the whole region between 90°E – 160°E and each of its self-defined subregions would be near normal. They also warned that the likelihood of a severe tropical cyclone was higher than average because of the warmer than average ocean temperatures that had been forecast for the region.
The season officially started on 1 November, 2024. On 14 November, the Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) noted that a tropical low may form west of Sumatra. A westerly wind shear enhanced the disturbance's development. Despite moderate to high wind shear displacing deep convection, the tropical low further developed and the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) issued a tropical cyclone formation alert. On 28 November, the BoM named Tropical Cyclone Robyn. The storm officially peaked as a high-end tropical storm before increasing wind shear caused the storm to dissipate. On 4 December, Tropical Low 04U formed off the coast of Java and headed west before dissipating on 11 December. Unfortunately, the disturbance caused landslides and floods, killing eleven people and leaving seven missing. The rest of December had Tropical Lows 02U, 06U, 07U, and 08U. Tropical Low 07U formed southeast of the Cocos Islands and JTWC designated it as a tropical storm. 08U later became Category 3 Cyclone Dikeledi in the Southwest Indian Ocean.
The first half of January had Tropical Lows 09U and 10U. The latter half had Sean, 13U, Taliah, and Vince. On 17 January, the BoM designated Tropical Low 11U, which absorbed 10U, and later named Sean on 19 January. A day later, the storm rapidly intensified to a Category 4 major cyclone on the Australian cyclone scale, possessing a distinct eye and intense winds. Sean dissipated a couple days later. The cyclone caused heavy rainfall and gale-force winds across portions of Western Australia. A record amount of rain fell in Karratha, with 274.4 mm recorded within 24 hours on 20 January. Tropical Low 13U briefly tracked along the coast of Queensland and flooding killed a 63 year old woman. On 31 January, the BoM designated Tropical Lows 14U and 15U, which were later named Taliah and Vince. After dealing with moderate wind shear, on 3 February, Taliah peaked as a Category 3 severe tropical cyclone on the Australian cyclone scale and Category 2 on the SSHWS scale. Taliah exited the basin on 12 February. Vince was named on 2 February and also intensified to a Category 3 on the Australian cyclone scale before exiting BoM area of responsibility on 4 February. February started with Tropical Lows 16U and 19U, though both disturbances exited the basin and entered the Fiji Meteorological Service area of responsibility. Meanwhile, the BoM designated Tropical Low 18U on 7 February, which was named Zelia on 11 February. Two days later, Zelia underwent rapid intensification due to warm sea surface temperatures and relatively low wind shear. At 00:00 UTC 13 February, Zelia intensified to a Category 4 severe tropical cyclone and later to Category 5 intensity. Afterward, the cyclone stalled and underwent an eyewall replacement cycle (EWRC), which ended its rapid intensification phase. Radar imagery showed an EWRC, which was later completed before landfall near De Grey, northeast of Port Hedland. On 18 February, the Bureau of Meteorology (BOM) designated Tropical Low 21U in the eastern side of the Indian Ocean. BOM later named the system Tropical Cyclone Bianca. The cyclone did not pose any significant threat to Western Australia.On 20 February, a tropical low was spotted by the Bureau of Meteorology (BOM) in the Coral Sea. The disturbance, initially designated by the agency as 22U, was noted to likely develop into a tropical cyclone over the next several days. Two days later, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) – which unofficially monitors all tropical cyclone basins, including the Australian region – upgraded the system to a tropical storm on the Saffir–Simpson scale (SSHWS). Initially, the BOM did not immediately follow suit and kept it as a tropical low; however, around 16:20 AEST, BOM upgraded the system to a category 1, with the name Alfred being assigned to it. On 25 February,Bianca peaked as a Category 4 severe tropical cyclone on the Australian cyclone scale and Category 3 on the SSHWS scale. Afterward, increasing wind shear and cooler sea surface temperatures caused the storm to rapidly weaken, dissipating on 27 February. Over the next couple of days, the storm continued to gradually move to the east, and was upgraded to a category 2 tropical cyclone in the Australian scale at 16:00 AEST on 24 February. As Alfred then turned south, it also continued to intensify, attaining category 3 status on 26 February at 22:00 AEST. The next day, the BOM further upgraded Alfred to a category 4 cyclone as a small eye appeared on visible satellite imagery. Later that night, an eyewall replacement cycle (ERC) occurred, prompting Alfred to fluctuate between categories 3 and 4 on 1 March, before further weakening down to a category 1 the following day. It then restrengthened slightly to category 2 status by 3 March, before being downgraded to category 1 on by March 8. Alfred made landfall at Moreton Island on 01:00 AEST March 8 as a category 1 tropical cyclone, and was downgraded to a tropical low at 06:00 the same day.
Tropical Low 23U formed on 4 March before exiting the basin on 8 March. The system later intensified into Tropical Storm Ivone in the South-West Indian Ocean. Tropical Low 25U formed on 17 March before it dissipating on 21 March. Tropical Low 27U formed on 22 March and strengthened into Tropical Cyclone Courtney three days later. Courtney strengthened into a Category 5 cyclone before exiting the basin on 29 March.
On 14 November, the Bureau of Meteorology noted that a tropical low could form west of Sumatra. Several days later, they noted that the tropical low was developing. Further consolidation due to a westerly wind burst, which also spawned a twin cyclone, prompted the Joint Typhoon Warning Center to first track it on 23 November. Despite deep convection being displaced due to moderate to high wind shear, the system's circulation became increasingly defined, prompting the JTWC to issue a tropical cyclone formation alert on the disturbance.
Robyn finally intensified into a Category 1 on 28 November and peaked with 100 km/h winds and 985 hpa on 29 November,and dissipated the next day due to wind shear.
A tropical low formed off the southwestern coast of Java on 4 December. After heading westward for most of its lifetime, it dissipated on 11 December. The storm caused floods and landslides in Sukabumi Regency, West Java, killing eight people and leaving seven others missing, with one home destroyed and 39 others damaged in the regency. Flooding also killed three people in Lebak Regency, Banten.
Tropical Low 02U Formed on 7 December and dissipated on 13 December.
Tropical Low 06U formed in the Coral Sea on 21 December. 06U dissipated on 23 December.
Tropical Low 07U formed on 22 December and dissipated on 30 December.
Dikeledi formed south of Java, Indonesia as a tropical low on 30 December 2024, traversing the southern Indian Ocean before entering the South-West Indian Ocean basin on 4 January.
Tropical Low 09U Formed on 6 January and dissipated on 12 January.
On 11 March 2025, the BOM announced 09U had been retroactively upgraded to Category 1 on the Australian scale.
A tropical low formed on 13 January, and whilst initially forecasted by many forecast models to become a Severe Tropical Cyclone, it never intensified, and was instead absorbed by the tropical low which would become Severe Tropical Cyclone Sean.
Tropical low 11U formed on 17 January, before moving westward, and absorbing TL 10U. On 19 January, it was identified by the Bureau of Meteorology to have reached Tropical Cyclone status, and was named Sean. The following day, Sean rapidly intensified, becoming a Category 3 Severe Tropical Cyclone on the Australian scale by 8am on January 20, and a Category 2 tropical cyclone on the Saffir-Simpson scale later the same day. During that day, Sean developed an eye, and by 16:00 AWST, the Bureau of Meteorology identified Sean to have reached 165 km/h 10 minute sustained winds, placing it at Category 4 status on the Australian cyclone scale. The peak 1 minute windspeed reached 110 kt, making it a Category 3 on the Saffir-Simpson scale.
Sean has caused intense rainfall, and gale-force winds across large sections of the Pilbara, and Gascoyne regions of Western Australia, including Onslow, and Exmouth. Cyclone Sean caused a record amount of rain to fall in Karratha, with 274.4 mm recorded in the 24 hours until 9:00 AM local time on January 20. Roads and homes were inundated, power grids were damaged, and ports were closed.
Tropical Low 13U was tracking along the coast of Queensland. It caused major flooding in Northern Queensland which killed a 63 year old woman.
Tropical Low 14U formed south of Timor-Leste on 31 January. On 1 February, the Bureau of Meteorology noted that the system had a high 65% chance to develop into a tropical cyclone by Sunday, and an 85% chance of forming before Monday. Later that day, 14U was upgraded to tropical cyclone status and assigned the name Taliah by the BoM. Over the next few days, the system slowly strengthened before being upgraded to a severe tropical cyclone on 3 February. On 12 February, the system moved into the South-western Indian Ocean out of BoM area of responsibility.
Tropical Low 15U formed south of Christmas Island on 1 February, then on 2 February it got named Vince. The system strengthened until it reached Category 3(Australian Scale).The cyclone exited the Bureau of Meteorology area of responsibility on 4 February.
Tropical Low 16U formed on 2 February. It exited the basin on 4 February.
Tropical Low 19U formed on 7 February, and exited the basin on 11 February.
Tropical Low 18U formed on 7 February. It began tracking west-southwest, and was upgraded to a Category 1 system, named Zelia on 11 February. The storm then steadily intensified to become a Category 2 by the next morning. That night, the storm slowed, and began rapid intensification, to reach Category 4 status by 06:00 AWST on 13 February, and Category 5 status by 12:00 AWST that day. The storm then stalled and began an eyewall replacement cycle as shown by radar imagery, causing the rapid intensification phase to end. Increasing wind shear and the eyewall replacement cycle caused Zelia to peak with 10-minute sustained winds of 205 km/h (125 mph); a Category 5 on the Australian scale. On 14 February, Severe Tropical Cyclone Zelia made landfall at around 12:30 AWST in the afternoon near the De Grey River mouth, northeast of Port Hedland at Category 4 intensity. Zelia quickly weakened after landfall, and it dropped below tropical cyclone intensity later that day.
Tropical Low 20U formed on 10 February, and dissipated on 13 February.
On 18 February, the Bureau of Meteorology (BOM) designated Tropical Low 21U in the eastern side of the Indian Ocean. BOM later named the system Tropical Cyclone Bianca. The cyclone did not pose any significant threat to Western Australia. On 25 February, the storm peaked as a Category 4 severe tropical cyclone on the Australian cyclone scale and Category 3 on the SSHWS scale. Afterward, increasing wind shear and cooler sea surface temperatures caused the storm to rapidly weaken, dissipating on 27 February.
On 20 February, a tropical low was spotted by the Bureau of Meteorology (BOM) in the Coral Sea. The disturbance, initially designated by the agency as 22U, was noted to likely develop into a tropical cyclone over the next several days. Two days later, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) – which unofficially monitors all tropical cyclone basins, including the Australian region – upgraded the system to a tropical storm on the Saffir–Simpson scale (SSHWS). Initially, the BOM did not immediately follow suit and kept it as a tropical low; however, around 16:20 AEST, BOM upgraded the system to a category 1, with the name Alfred being assigned to it. Over the next couple of days, the storm continued to gradually move to the east, and was upgraded to a category 2 tropical cyclone in the Australian scale at 16:00 AEST on 24 February. As Alfred then turned south, it also continued to intensify, attaining category 3 status on 26 February at 22:00 AEST. The next day, the BOM further upgraded Alfred to a category 4 cyclone as a small eye appeared on visible satellite imagery. Later that night, an eyewall replacement cycle (ERC) occurred, prompting Alfred to fluctuate between categories 3 and 4 on 1 March, before further weakening down to a category 1 the following day. It then restrengthened slightly to category 2 status by 3 March, before being downgraded to category 1 on by March 8.
Beginning on 3 March, watches and warnings were issued in South East Queensland (SEQ) – including Brisbane – as Alfred posed a notable risk to the area, with all major forecast models having predicted an SEQ landfall between 6 and 8 March. A Cyclone Watch was issued between Sandy Cape, and Grafton, including Brisbane – the first for the city since a watch was briefly issued for Cyclone Oma in 2019. The northeastern part of New South Wales (NSW) is also expected to be under a cyclone warning in preparation for the storm. Alfred made landfall at Moreton Island on 01:00 AEST March 8 as a category 1 tropical cyclone, and was downgraded to a tropical low at 06:00 the same day.
On 5 March, the BoM designated Tropical Low 23U. The disturbance later entered the Southwest Indian basin on 7 March where it was named Ivone by Meteo France a day later.
Tropical Low 25U formed in the South Indian Ocean on 17 March. On 18 March, Joint Typhoon Warning Center marked system as Tropical Cyclone 26S. 25U dissipated on 21 March and its remnants were absorbed by Tropical Low 27U, which would become Tropical Cyclone Courtney.
Tropical Low 27U formed on 22 March, located north-west of Australia. The system intensified into a category 1 tropical cyclone on 25 March, receiving the name Courtney. Courtney strengthened for a few days, reaching its peak intensity as a Category 5 tropical cyclone on 29 March. It moved into the South-West Indian Ocean later that day, still at peak intensity.
Tropical Low 28U formed north of Western Australia on 25 March. On 28 March, Joint Typhoon Warning Center marked system as Tropical Cyclone 28S. Tropical Low 28U gained gale force winds in the northern quadrants of the storm. A few hours later the Bureau of Meteorology named it Dianne on 28 March. It peaked at 85km/h. Dianne made landfall just east of Cockatoo Island in the Western Australia region a short time after being named.
130 mm of rain fell in Derby, causing street flooding. However, there were no reports of significant damage.
The Australian Bureau of Meteorology (TCWC Melbourne) monitors all tropical cyclones that form within the Australian region, including any within the areas of responsibility of TCWC Jakarta or TCWC Port Moresby. Should a tropical low reach tropical cyclone strength within the BoM's area of responsibility, it will be assigned the next name from the following naming list. The names that will be used for the 2024–25 season are listed below:
Originally, the name Anthony was scheduled to be used, but was switched with Alfred from the next list of names in February 2025 to avoid confusion with Anthony Albanese, the Prime Minister of Australia at the time.
TCWC Jakarta monitors Tropical Cyclones from the Equator to 10°S and from 90°E to 145°E. Should a Tropical Depression reach Tropical Cyclone strength within TCWC Jakarta's Area of Responsibility then it will be assigned the next name from the following list.
Tropical cyclones that develop north of 10°S between 151°E and 160°E are assigned names by the Tropical Cyclone Warning Centre in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea. Tropical cyclone formation in this area is extremely rare, with no cyclones being named in it since 2007. As names are assigned in a random order, the whole list is shown below:
This table lists all of the tropical cyclones and subtropical cyclones that were monitored during the 2024–2025 Australian region cyclone season. Information on their intensity, duration, name, areas affected, primarily comes from the BoM. Death and damage reports come from either press reports or the relevant national disaster management agency while the damage totals are given in 2024 or 2025 USD.