Igiti cy'Icubya

Hirya no hino mu Rwanda hagaragara byinshi mu bimenyetso ndangamateka bihamya neza ko iki n’iki cyabayeho mu mateka y’u Rwanda n’ibikorwa byakozwe bigasiga umugani.
Umurenge wa Rutunga wo mu Karere ka Gasabo, ubitse amateka menshi y’ihangwa ry’u Rwanda, iturwa, isenyuka ndetse na bimwe mu bimenyetso byo kongera kubaho kwarwo.
Kandi nta mugayo n’ubundi Rutunga rwa Gasabo, ni ho dukomora amateka yo kubaho k’u Rwanda, dore ko ariho habaye intebe y’imbanza y’ihangwa ryarwo.
Mu bimenyetso ndangamateka biboneka i Rutunga rwa Gasabo, hari n’igiti gitangaje kubera amateka cyagize mu kuranga ibihamya by’ihihibikana ry’abakurambere mpangarwanda mu ngeri yo kurwagura no kurwanya abagomeramurage wa Gihanga w’igihugu gisangiwe, cyane cyane ku ngoma y’umwami Cyilima Rujugira, wari ufite izina ry’ubutwari ry’Impeshakurama”.
Yatwaye u Rwanda ahasaga mu wa 1691-1708. Icyo giti gitangaje, ni cyo cyiswe "Icubya (ricubya abanzi) mu mateka y’u Rwanda cyangwa igiti cy’umuhigo" n’andi menshi.
Ni igiti giherereye mu Mudugudu wa Nyakabande wo mu Kagari ka Indatemwa ko mu Murenge wa Rutunga wo mu Karere ka Gasabo. Aho giherereye, ni munsi y’ahitwa i Rwanda, habaga ingoro y’ubwami bw’u Rwanda mu bihe by’ihangwa ryarwo.
Icyo giti cyatewe ku ngoma y’umwami Cyilima Rujugira watwaye u Rwanda ahasaga mu wa 1675-1708, wakihateye ahasaga mu wa 1695 ubwo yahanganaga n’ibitero by’ibihugu byiyunze ngo bihanagureho u Rwanda.
Nyuma y’uko aho icyo giti gitewe, habyiniwe intsinzi ku bihugu bine byateye u Rwanda bifatanyije (u Burundi, u Bugesera, Ndorwa n’i Gisaka).
Ku mbuga iri munsi y’icyo giti, ni ho umwami Cyilima Rujugira, yatangiye itangazo ry’uko u Rwanda rutsinze cya gitero cyagabwe n’ibihugu bine byishyize hamwe ku buryo bwa burundu.
Nyuma yo kuhahurira kw’ingabo zose zayoboye ingerero n’imitwe y’ingabo zarwanye urwo rugamba, ni ho Rujugira yatangarije ijambo rikomeye cyane mu mateka y’u Rwanda, ryavuyemo insigamugani yamamaye cyane mu mateka y’u Rwanda igira iti “u Rwanda ruratera ntiruterwa".
Iryo jambo Rujugira yarivuze ashagawe n’ibihangange mu ngabo ze byari bimaze gutsinda icyo gitero birimo Igikomangoma Ndabarasa watwaraga imitwe y’ingabo z’Ababito n’Intarindwa na Sendakize wari umwe mu bagize iyo mitwe y’ingabo.
Ku rundi ruhande hari hahagaze Muciye wa Serutaro rwa Mukuku wa Mazimpaka watwaraga umutwe w’ingabo z’Indirira (Indirirarugamba). Iyo mitwe y’ingabo niyo yarasaniye ku rugerero rwa Rutunga rwa Gasabo ruhanganye n’ingabo z’i Ndorwa.
Ni na bwo yahise ahatera icyo giti nk’ikimenyetso cy’iyo nstinzi mu mateka y’u Rwanda n’ikimenyetso cy’itangazo mpuzamahanga yahatangiye ry’uko u Rwanda rutera ntiruterwe. Kugeza ubwo aya mateka yandikwaga mu mwaka wa 2022, iki giti ni kimwe mu biri mu gihugu bimaze imyaka myinshi!
Nyuma y’ingoma ya Rujugira, icyo giti cyahawe agaciro k’ikirenga mu mihango y’ubuzima bw’igihugu. Ni hamwe mu hakorerwaga imihango ijyanye no kuraguriza ibitero u Rwanda rwagabweho n’amahanga, n’ibyo rugiye kugaba ku mahanga adakunda u Rwanda.
Abakuru bahamya ko hashize igihe kirekire koko kitakirenga umutaru. Bamwe bacyita "Ikigumbashi", bivuga ” Igiti kitera imbuto”. Ni Igiti gishobora kweraho urubuto rumwe mu gihe cy’imyaka icumi, kandi aho umuyaga uganishije urwo rubuto rugahita rumera. Ari na yo mpamvu hirya no hino hafi y’aho icyo giti kiri, uhasanga ibindi biti byo muri ubwo bwoko byahameze.
Bacyita kandi "imana ya Nyakalima". Iryo zina rya nyuma ryaturutse ku izina rya nyir’umurima ubu icyo giti giteyemo, witwaga Nyakalima, bakacyita kandi iryo zina mu rwego rwo kugira ubwiru imihango yahakorerwaga.
Bacyita na none "Igiti cy’umuhigo" kuko abahigi bakundaga kuhahurira iyo babaga bazindukiye umuhigo n’igihe babaga bagabana inyama z’umuhigo.
Citwa “Icubya" ricubya abanzi b’u Rwanda, kubera ko munsi yacyo ari ho abanyamihango b’ibwami bajyaga kuhakorera imihango y’umutsindo igihe ingabo zabaga zigiye gutabara.
Uwo muhango ukaba waratangiye kubahirizwa nyuma y’uko ingabo za Ndabarasa zarasaniraga u Rwanda ku musozi witwa"Akabarengeyingoma", zirwana n’iz’i Ndorwa zari zikambitse ahitwa ku Irasaniro ( Ubu ni mu Mudugudu w’Irasaniro wo mu Kagari ka Gaseke ko mu Murenge wa Mutete wo mu Karere ka Gicumbi).
Mu bihe by’abami bazunguye Cyilima Rujugira hafi y’icyo giti hameze ikindi cyo mu bwoko bw’Umurama, cyifashishwaga mu kwitira amata, kigakunda no gucanwa n’ibwami mu kuganza impumuro mbi kubera ko imizi yacyo ibyara imibavu ihumura neza, kigakoreshwa no gushaka ibyuhagiro by’amatungo. Cyakoreshwaga mu muhango wo mu rwego rw’igihugu wo gusabira u Rwanda n’abaturage bacyo uburame, ari na yo nkomoko y’izina ryacyo.
Kuri ubu, icyo giti baragifukuye cyane ku buryo hashobora kujyamo abantu bagera kuri 15! Abana banyuzamo bagacanamo n’umuriro ku buryo cyangirika cyane.