davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
고산정원

고산정원(高山庭園, 영어: Alpine garden)은 코카서스, 피레네, 로키, 알프스, 히말라야 및 안데스 산맥 등의 전세계의 고도에서 자연적으로 자라는 고산식물의 수집과 재배에 특화된 가정정원이나 식물원이다. 주로 수목한계선(고산 및 극지에서 교목이 생존할 수 있는 극한의 선)위에 자생하는 고산식물을 수집하여 전시하는 정원인데, 보통 땅 위로 노출한 돌과 바위 사이에 생육하는 화초나 키작은 관목처럼 아고산대(저산대와 고산대의 중간)에서 볼 수 있는 식물의 생육 경관과 유사하게 조성한다. 영어 동의어로 alpinarium과 alpinum이 있다.
관리상 편리를 위해 만들어진 일종의 고산식물 전용온실이라 할 수 있는 알파인 하우스(Alpine house)가 있다. 우리가 흔히 볼 수 있는 일정 공간에 크고 작은 바위와 돌을 다양한 형식으로 배치하고 그 사이에 고산식물이나 다육식물을 식재한 자연식 정원인 암석원과 구분된다.
제대로된 세계 최초의 고산정원은 Anton Kerner von Marilaun이 1875년 오스트리아 티롤에 위치한 블라저산에 만든 것인데 고도가 2,190m이다. 한국의 경우, 평강식물원과 하이원리조트에 이미 조성되었고 국립백두대간수목원은 2015년에 완공될 예정이다.
바람꽃, 산미나리아재비, 애기금매화, 월귤나무, 애기금낭화, 구름국화, 시로미, 돌매화나무, 담자리꽃나무, 장백제비꽃, 홑잎뱀무 등이 있다. 한국의 자생 고산식물로 월귤나무, 산진달래 등이 있다. 대중에게 잘 알려진 에델바이스는 알프스에서 자라는 고산식물이다. 이중 일부는 그늘에서 잘 자라기에 고산정원의 그늘진 곳에 식재할 수 있다.
암석원에서 사용하는 호박돌(물가에서 나는 둥글게 생긴 돌)은 사용하지 않는다.
청서

청서(靑鼠, 영어: Eurasian red squirrel, 학명: Sciurus vulgaris)는 다람쥐과의 동물이다. '청서' 또는 '청설모'라는 이름은 청설모가 소나무나 잣나무처럼 사계절 푸른 나무에서 사는 습성 때문에, 또는 털색이 청회색이기 때문에 붙여진 이름일 가능성이 크다. '청설모'(청서모, 靑鼠毛)는 원래 '청서'의 털을 의미했으나, 지금은 대상인 '청서'를 지시한다. 영어 이름 '붉은청서'(red squirrel)는 털 색깔이 붉은색임에서 기인한다. 유럽 지역의 청서는 대부분 털이 붉은빛이 도는 갈색이기 때문이다. 같은 과의 동물인 다람쥐와 달리 겨울잠을 자지 않는다는 것이 특징이다.
꼬리에 털이 많고 길며, 귀에도 긴 털이 나 있다. 등은 붉은빛이 도는 갈색 또는 검은색으로 변이가 있으며 배는 흰색이다. 청서는 나무를 잘 타고 주로 나무 위에서 생활한다. 몸 구조도 나무 위에서 살기에 알맞게 되어 있다. 발톱이 날카로워 미끄러운 줄기도 잘 기어오를 수 있으며, 가느다란 가지 위에서도 균형을 잘 잡을 수 있다. 먹이는 나무 열매·곤충·새순·새알 등이며, 나무 위에 집을 짓고 4~10월에 한배에 3~6마리의 새끼를 낳는다. 한반도의 북부 및 중부지방에 서식한다. 세계적으로는 일본, 중국, 몽골, 시베리아, 유럽 등지에 분포한다.
대한민국 경상북도 경주
늦가을에 월동하기 위하여 먹이를 바위 구멍이나 땅속에 저장. 주로 큰 나무줄기 또는 나뭇가지 사이에서 서식한다.
청서의 아종은 40여종이 넘었으나, 최근에는 아래의 아종을 유효한 것으로 간주한다. 지역에 따라 청서의 털은 붉은빛이 도는 갈색부터 검은색에 이르기까지 다양하다.
한국의 청서로 알려진 S. v. coreae 또는 S. v. coreanus는 S. v. mantchuricus와 같은 아종이다.
영국의 청서(붉은청서)는 외래 침입종인 동부회색청서가 들어온 이후 개체수가 급감했는데, 동부회색청서가 옳기는 질병 때문이었다. 유럽 일부 지역의 청서는 가죽을 얻기 위한 사냥, 외래종 회색청서와의 경쟁, 숲 개발, 바이러스로 인한 질병 등으로 지역적 멸종 위기에 직면했으며 베른 협정(유럽 야생동물 및 자연 서식지 보존에 관한 베른 협약)의 부속 리스트에 포함되어 있다.
선인장

선인장(仙人掌, 영어: cactus)은 석죽목 선인장과(仙人掌科, 학명: Cactaceae 칵타케아이)에 속하는 식물을 일컫는 말이다. 선인장은 다육 식물의 일종인데, 다육 식물은 건조한 환경에 견디기 위해 수분을 저장하는 조직을 진화시킨 식물들을 말하며, 현재 전 세계에 약 3000종 이상이 보고되고 있다. 다육식물들 중에 아메리카 대륙의 한 무리의 식물들은 잎을 가시로 변화시키거나 퇴화시켜 건조에 특히 더 강하게 진화하였는데, 이를 선인장(仙人掌)이라 부른다. 선인장은 신선의 손바닥처럼 생겼다는 의미를 갖고 있으며, 제주도를 비롯하여 한국에 자생하는 선인장(선인장속('Opuntia'), 일명 "부채선인장")의 모습이 마치 손바닥처럼 생겼다 하여 붙여진 이름이다.
선인장과의 계통 분류는 다음과 같다.
선인장의 진화는 특별히 알려지지 않고 있다. 선인장의 진화가 6000만년 전 판게아대륙이 아메리카와 아프리카/유라시아 대륙과 분리되기 시작한 이후 이뤄졌기 때문에 아메리카 대륙에만 존재한다고 추정될 뿐이다. 선인장의 다육조직의 특성상 화석이 남기 힘들기 때문에 명확한 진화계통을 알 수 없고, 다만 그 형태로 진화의 단계를 추측할 뿐이다.
선인장은 아메리카 대륙에서 진화해 왔고, 그래서 모든 종류의 선인장은 아메리카 대륙에 자생한다. 일부 선인장들은 씨앗이나 줄기 형태로 해류를 타고 아프리카 남부나 아시아의 필리핀, 인도네시아, 중국 남부, 제주도 등으로 떠내려와 자연적 자생군락을 형성하는 경우도 있다. 아메리카 이외의 자생군락이 언제 생겼는지는 전 세계적으로 기록을 전혀 발견할 수 없으며, 비교적 오래된 것은 아닌 것으로 추정된다.
선인장 분포지역은 주로 건조한 반건조지대나 사막지역, 고산지역으로 연 강우량이 20mm 이상이거나 안개 등으로 계속해서 수분이 공급되는 지역이다. 연 강우량이 20mm 미만이고, 수분공급이 원활하지 않은 곳에서는 선인장이 생육할 수 없다. 반대로 다시 다습한 열대우림 등에 적응한 선인장들도 존재하는데, 원예용으로 많이 재배되고 있는 게발선인장이나 공작선인장과 같은 종은 남아메리카의 여러 열대우림의 나뭇가지에 존재하는 이끼에 뿌리를 내리고 서식할 수 있도록 진화했다. (이들 선인장들을 흙에 심지 않고 이끼에 심는 이유는 이러하기 때문이다.) 대한민국에 군락을 형성한 Opuntia ficus-indica, Opuntia humifusa 계열의 선인장들도 제주도 장마 등에 견디며 성장하는 습한 환경에 강한 모습을 보여주고 있다.
선인장은 기온에 다양하게 적응한 모습을 보여준다. 일반적인 선인장들은 최저온도 5~0 °C 정도의 생육온도를 갖고 있다. 그러나 최저 생육온도가 -20 °C에 이르는 고산지대에 적응하여 진화한 종도 있을 정도로 폭넓은 편이다.
선인장은 건조에 강하도록 진화된 다육식물의 일종인 CAM 식물로서 일반적인 식물의 광합성과 얼개를 달리한다. 일반적인 식물들은 명반응과 암반응이라는 구분된 광합성 과정을 통하여 낮에는 광합성을 통한 산소를 방출하고, 밤에는 호흡을 통한 이산화탄소를 방출하는 데 반해서 선인장을 포함한 일부 CAM 식물들은 기온이 높은 낮에 기공을 열어 수분을 손실하는 대신 낮에 적은 양의 명반응 광합성을 하여 생산물을 포도당으로 완전히 변환시키지 않고 중간과정물로 몸에 저장하고, 밤에 이산화탄소를 흡수하여 포도당으로 변화시키고 부산물인 산소를 방출한다.
선인장의 다육조직은 물과 양분을 저장하는 조직이기도 하지만 광합성을 하는 중요한 조직이기도 하다. 하지만 다육조직은 강도가 약하기 때문에 물리적인 손상을 받기 쉽다. 선인장은 두 가지 이유에 의해서 다육조직을 딱딱한 조직으로 변화시키는데 이를 근부화라고 부른다. 선인장의 종류에 따라 근부화가 쉽게 일어나는 종류가 있고, 잘 일어나지 않는 종류가 있다. 재배시에는 이를 잘 살펴야 한다.
선인장은 무성생식 또는 유성생식으로 번식할 수 있다.
선인장의 재배 단계는 다음과 같다.
일반적으로 선인장의 수명은 대부분 수백 년 이상이다. 우리가 원예용으로 가꾸는 작은 선인장들도 수명이 수십 년 정도이므로 가꾸고 감상하는 데 충분한 시간은 될 것으로 생각된다. 핸드폰 고리에 사용되는 선인장들은 강제적 번식방법을 동원해서 만든 싹들인데, 이러한 선인장들도 크기가 수 미터, 수명이 수백 년씩 하는 것들이 대다수이다. 선인장 중에서 가장 수명이 짧은 선인장은 산동이라는 선인장으로 수명이 딱 4년이고, 꽃도 4년이 됐을 때 딱 한 번 핀다. 이 선인장은 또한 자가수분이 된다. 그러나 선인장들 중에서는 기존의 조직이 계속 사라지면서 새로운 조직을 만드는 종{대표적인 예로 백단(손가락 선인장)}이 있으므로 뚜렷하지 않은 경우도 있다고 생각할 수 있겠다.
모든 생물에는 개체변이가 존재한다. 이 문단에서 작성하는 내용은 사실 선인장에만 해당되는 내용은 아닐 것이라 생각한다. 그럼에도 불구하고 이 두 개체변이는 선인장 재배와 감상에 중요하기 때문에 선인장 문서에 담는다.
개체변이한 개체를 일컬을 때 이름+변이이름으로 부른다. 예를 들어 백단이 금이 들었다면 '백단금'으로 부른다.
가시는 기본적으로 모양과 색에 따라 이름을 붙인다. 그러나 색에 대한 이야기는 특별한 것이 없고, 가시의 모양에 따라 이름이 크게 바뀌므로 이에 대해 살펴본다.
올리브유

올리브기름(olive oil) 또는 올리브유(-油)는 올리브 열매로부터 얻은 식물성 기름이다.
주로 지중해에 면한 지역의 요리에 즐겨 이용된다. 식용 외에도 화장품, 약품, 비누 등의 원료로도 이용된다. 지중해 지역에서는 기름이라 할 때 일반적으로 올리브 기름을 일컫는다. 쉽게 산화되기 어려운 올레산을 비교적 많이 포함하고 있기 때문에 다른 식용의 유지에 비하여 산화가 덜 되고 잘 굳어지지 않는다 (불건성유).
그리스어에서 "기쁨"이라는 단어와 어원이 같은 관계로 그리스 정교회에서는 삼가야 할 대상이 되기도 한다는 의견도 있으나, 이는 사실이 아니다. 그리스 정교회에서는 올리브 기름을 유아세례 집전 등에 사용한다. 이는 악한 기운으로부터 기독교인을 보호한다는 의미를 갖고 있다.
올리브 나무는 지중해 분지에 자생한다. 야생 올리브는 기원전 8천년 초 신석기 사람들에 의해 수집되었다. 야생 올리브 나무는 소아시아나 고대 그리스에서 기원하였다. 언제 어디에서 올리브 나무가 처음 경작되었는지는 분명하지 않다. 소아시아, 레반트에서, 또는 비옥한 초승달 지대의 메소포타미아의 어느 지역에서 경작된 것으로 추정된다.
일반적인 버진 올리브유란 화학적 방법이 아닌 올리브 열매를 으깨어 즙을 짜내 만든 기름, 즉 압착 올리브유를 말한다. 이 압착 올리브유 중에서 산도 0.8% 이하의 최상급 제품을 엑스트라 버진 올리브유라고 한다. 올리브유는 아주 독특한 향뿐만 아니라 자극성의 아로마도 가지고 있다. 오일이 생산된 지역에 따라 약간씩 다를지라도, 깊은 녹색을 띠고 때로는 탁하다.
Abies nephrolepis

Abies nephrolepis, commonly known as Khingan fir, is a species of fir native to northeastern China (Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi), North Korea, South Korea, and southeastern Russia (Amur Oblast, Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Primorsky Krai, southern Khabarovsk Krai).
It is a medium-sized evergreen coniferous tree growing to 30 m tall with a trunk up to 1.2 m diameter and a narrow conic to columnar crown. The bark is grey-brown, smooth on young trees, becoming fissured on old trees. The leaves are flat needle-like, 10–30 mm long and 1.5–2 mm broad, green above, and with two dull greenish-white stomatal bands below; they are spirally arranged, but twisted at the base to lie flattened either side of and forwards across the top of the shoots. The cones are 4.5–7 cm (rarely to 9.5 cm) long and 2–3 cm broad, green or purplish ripening grey-brown, and often very resinous; the tips of the bract scales are slightly exserted between the seed scales. Each seed scale bears two winged seeds, released when the cones disintegrate at maturity in the autumn.
It is closely related to Abies sachalinensis, Abies koreana, Abies veitchii, and Abies sibirica, which replace it to the east, south, southeast, and west respectively. The range abuts that of A. sibirica and hybrids occur where they meet; these have been named as Abies × sibirico-nephrolepis Taken. & J.J.Chien.
The wood from this tree was used for pulp production during the Japanese occupation of Korea in the 1920s.
List of superlative trees in the United Kingdom

Below is a list of superlative trees in the United Kingdom, containing the widest trees, the widest trees in history, the oldest trees and the tallest trees.
Presently, a regularly-updated database of the UK's widest trees by girth is kept by the user-run website Monumental Trees. Width is not indicative of tree volume, however. The largest oak tree, as well as the tallest, in the UK has long been believed to be the Majesty Oak in Kent, however its 12.2m girth is exceeded by multiple trees in the UK. Similarly, the Major Oak from Sherwood Forest, another huge oak tree in the UK, also does not make the list.
Many of the UK's former largest trees have fallen victim to age, weather, or arson. Some of them have fallen apart into distinctly multiple trunks. This list also considers multi-stemmed trees.
Several trees in the UK, all of them European yews, are thousands of years old, and one of them has been reported as 5000 years old or more, which would mean a tree older than Methuselah(tree) in California, the current official record holder for the oldest non-cloning tree in the world. The UK also has a great share of ancient oak trees, many of which are believed to be over a thousand years old. The oldest is King Offa's Oak from Windsor Great Park at 1300–1500 years old.
The tallest tree in the UK is a non-native Douglas fir in Scotland with a height of 66.4 meters- significantly taller than the UK's tallest native tree- a 45 meter tall European Beech growing at the River Derwent in Derbyshire.
Highland Mountains

The Highland Mountains, highest point Table Mountain, el. 10,223 feet (3,116 m), are a small mountain range southwest of Whitehall, Montana in Silver Bow and Madison County, Montana.
The Continental Divide winds through the range. A 21,000-acre roadless area encompasses the core of the range, which includes Red Mountain, also over 10,000'. Nutritious alpine forage in the Highlands gives area bighorn sheep the fastest horn growth of any herd in Montana. The green-tinted waters of Emerald Lake provide a nice contrast to the red rock of Red Mountain. A smaller roadless area of about 10,000 acres in the Basin Creek drainage protects Butte's municipal watershed. Lodgepole pine and Douglas-fir are common tree species.
List of trees of Great Britain and Ireland

Many lists of trees of Great Britain and Ireland have been written. There are a number of issues surrounding the inclusion of a species in such a list. As can be seen from the outline of debate below, there is no 'correct' list of trees of Britain and Ireland.
There are a number of different opinions regarding the validity of some species, notably apomictic microspecies and whether some 'species' may actually be hybrids. In particular, the number and definition of species in the genera Sorbus (rowans, whitebeams etc.), Ulmus (elms) and Salix (willows) are open to debate.
Native species are considered to be species which are today present in the region in question, and have been continuously present in that region since a certain period of time. When applied to Britain and Ireland, three possible definitions of this time constraint are:
The only endemic tree species in Britain and Ireland (that is, that are native only to this region) are some apomictic whitebeams.
Species that were native in the region in prehistory before the last ice age, but not subsequently, are generally regarded as extinct and no longer native.
Many additional species have been imported by humans; the total list of all introduced trees numbers several thousand. A far smaller number of these have become widely naturalised, spreading by their own accord without recourse to further human assistance.
A tree can be defined as a large, perennial, woody plant with secondary branches supported by a primary stem (compare with shrub). There is no set definition regarding minimum size, though most authors cite a tree species as being one which regularly reaches 6 m (20 ft) tall with a single stem. Species like Blackthorn (Prunus spinosa) and Purple willow (Salix purpurea), which may reach 6 m but not on a single stem, are not treated as trees.
Listing order follows taxonomic order per Mitchell 1974.
These larger shrubs occasionally reach tree height, but not on a single stem so do not qualify as trees:
An endemic species is a plant only native to a certain area. Outside this area, unless spread naturally it is considered non-native, usually as a result of cultivation. Britain and Ireland have few endemic trees, most being micro-species of Whitebeam. But there are some interesting endemic trees nevertheless.
(Incomplete list)
(Very incomplete list)
The tallest tree in Great Britain (and second-tallest tree in Europe) is a 103-year old Douglas-fir in North Wales, 71 metres tall
Lotus tree

The lotus tree (Ancient Greek: λωτός, lōtós) is a plant that is referred to in stories from Greek and Roman mythology.
The lotus tree is mentioned in Homer's Odyssey as bearing a fruit that caused a pleasant drowsiness, and which was said to be the only food of an island people called the Lotophagi or lotus-eaters. When they ate of the lotus tree, they would forget their friends and homes and would lose their desire to return to their native land in favor of living in idleness.
Botanical candidates for the lotus tree include the persimmon (Diospyros lotus), which is a sub-evergreen tree native to Southwest Asia and Southeast Europe that grows to about 25 ft (7.6 m) bearing yellowish green flowers, as well as Ziziphus lotus, a plant with an edible fruit closely related to the jujube, native to the Mediterranean region of Europe, Asia and North Africa.
In Ovid's Metamorphoses, the nymph Lotis was the beautiful daughter of Neptune, the god of water and the sea. In order to flee the violent attention of Priapus, she invoked the assistance of the gods, who answered her prayers by turning her into a lotus tree.
The Quran has a legendary plant, the Lote tree, that marks the end of the seventh heaven. In the Bible, the Book of Job also has two lines (40:21–22), with the Hebrew word צֶאֱלִים‎ (tse'elim), which appears nowhere else in the Bible. A recent translation into English has been "lotus trees" since the publication of the Revised Version of the King James Bible of 1881. However, it is otherwise rendered simply as "shady trees".
Dudy Oris

Dudy Eko Handoko Kurniawan atau Dudy Oris (lahir 16 Oktober 1976) adalah vokalis utama grup band Yovie & Nuno Ia bergabung dengan Yovie & Nuno sejak awal berdirinya grup tersebut pada tahun 2001 - 2012 . setelah Dudy keluar dari Yovie & Nuno Dudi adalah penyanyi dan juga pernah bekerja sama dengan Krishna Balagita (mantan Ada Band), untuk membuat album Krisna New Spectrum dalam lagu Kau Buatku Menangis. Sebelumnya, ketika masih berada di Yovie & Nuno, ia dikenal dengan nama panggung Dudy Yovie & Nuno.
Pada tanggal 2 April 2012, Dudy Oris keluar dari Yovie & Nuno, dan melanjutkan sebagai penyanyi solo.
Ia mengeluarkan singel Laksana Surgaku (2013) dan Kuharus (2015) ciptaan Krishna Balagita, Aku Yang Jatuh Cinta (2016) ciptaan Yovie Widianto, "Lagu Untuk Kamu" (2018) ciptaan Agung Exo, "Sesungguhnya Aku" (2020) ciptaan Krishna Balagita. Pada tahun 2018 juga Dudy Oris pernah diajak berduet bareng dengan Hedi Yunus salah satu vokalis grup Kahitna dengan mengeluarkan single "Cintamu, Keajaiban" ciptaan Seno M. Harjo.
Beberapa singel terbaru Dudy Oris bekerja sama dengan Badai di Hollo (ex Kerispatih) berjudul “Menua Dalam Pelukan”, “Seisi Hati” cipt Kawendra, Ketua Gekraf, dan “Aku Menunggumu” cipt. Fery Hudaya.
Dudy Oris masih berkarya hingga saat ini dan sudah mengeluarkan 11 single dan 1 mini album. Dudy Oris bekerja sama dengan beberapa komposer Indonesia lainny seperti Badai (mantan Kerispatih), Pika Iskandar, Choki Cassandra dan Glenn O Rotty.
Dudy Oris sudah menikah dan memiliki tiga orang anak bernama Dyandra Keysha, Indigo Sophie, dan Dyaksa Verrel. Istri Dudy Oris bernama Dian Anggraini adalah manajer Dudy Oris, beliau juga adalah Presiden Indonesian Cheer Association, ketua organisasi bagi cheerleader di Indonesia.
Discography: Laksana Surgaku Rindukan Senyumanmu (duet dengan Risky Dilaga Ku Harus Aku Yang Jatuh Cinta Lagu Untuk Kamu Cintamu Keajaiban (duet dengan Hedi Yunus Sesungguhnya Aku Krishna Balagita Aku Bukan Dia Glenn O Rotty Kisah Galau Krishna Balagita Kau dan Aku (duet dengan Lala Karmela Sudah Tak Cinta (duet dengan Ilona Ciptaan Zack the Jackman Bahagia Tanpa Kamu, ciptaan Choki Cassandra & Zack the Jackman Aku Menunggumu, ciptaan Fery Hudaya Menua Dalam Pelukan Badai di Hollo Seisi Hati Kawendra Semua Cinta (duet dengan Bragi) Ulurkan (duet dengan Bragi)
https://www.kapanlagi.com/dudy-oris/
https://www.kapanlagi.com/dudy-oris/ https://hot.detik.com/music/d-6657249/lagu-baru-dudy-oris-eks-yovie--nuno-langsung-dilirik-jadi-soundtrack-sinetron/amp https://www.cnnindonesia.com/hiburan/20230420124636-234-940178/dudy-oris-kenang-carlo-saba-kahitna-dia-tak-mungkin-terganti/amp
Motobu Chōki

Motobu Chōki (本部 朝基code: ja is deprecated , 5 April 1870 – 15 April 1944) adalah seorang karateka Jepang dari Desa Akahira di Shuri, Okinawa, ibu kota Kerajaan Ryūkyū ketika ia lahir. Saudara sulungnya Motobu Chōyū juga menjadi karateka terkenal.
Ayahnya, Kepala Motobu Chōshin (Motobu Aji Chōsin) adalah keturunan dari putra keenam Raja Okinawa, Shō Shitsu (1629–1668), yang bernama Shō Kōshin, dikenal juga sebagai Pangeran Motobu Chōhei (1655–1687). Chōki adalah putra ketiga dari Motobu Udun ("Istana Motobu")
Zee Zee Shahab

Zee Zee Shahab (lahir 31 Maret 1988) adalah seorang aktris, model, dan penyanyi Indonesia keturunan Arab dan Betawi. Zee memulai kariernya sebagai seorang penyanyi cilik pada tahun 1996. Berselang lima tahun, Zee melebarkan kariernya sebagai model dengan mengikuti kontes modeling GADIS Sampul dan berhasil menjadi salah satu finalis pada edisi tersebut.
Zee Zee merupakan anak pertama dari 3 bersaudara. Sejak kecil, Zee Zee sudah menunjukkan bakat di bidang modeling. Ketika berumur 2 tahun, Zee Zee pernah mendapat juara harapan pertama dalam ajang Balita Sehat di Jakarta. Saat berusia 3 tahun, Zee Zee dan orangtuanya pindah rumah ke kota Palembang, karena sang ayah akan bertugas di Polda Sumatera Selatan. Di sana, Zee Zee juga aktif mengikuti bermacam lomba modeling. Salah satu prestasinya adalah menjadi juara umum Gadis Bujang Palembang di umur 5 tahun. Setelah 4 tahun tinggal di Palembang, Zee Zee dan keluarganya kembali lagi ke Jakarta. Ia pun makin rajin mengikuti berbagai lomba peragaan busana. Zee Zee bahkan pernah terpilih sebagai None Cilik Jakarta di tahun 1998 dan Harapan I None Jakarta Barat 2007.
Pada tahun 1996, Zee Zee terjun ke dunia tarik suara. Setahun kemudian, Zee Zee mencoba peruntungan dengan menjadi bintang iklan di televisi. Iklan pertama yang ia bintangi adalah Choki-Choki. Kemudian, Zee Zee membintangi acara televisi berjudul Air Magazine di TPI. Dalam acara tersebut, ia berperan sebagai salah satu anak dari musisi senior Iin Parlina.
Tahun 1998, Zee Zee memasuki sekolah akting di Sanggar Ananda pimpinan Aditya Gumay. Zee Zee merupakan generasi kedua Lenong Bocah. Tahun 1999, Zee Zee kembali mencoba dunia tarik suara. Ia merilis album anak-anak bersama Marcella, Bella dan Dhea yang tergabung dalam grup idola wanita cilik, 4 Jelita. Terdapat singel hit dalam album tersebut, yakni "Papa, Jangan Merokok".
Pada tahun yang sama, Zee Zee berakting di serial televisi pertamanya yang berjudul Vladd Bocah Remote Control di Indosiar. Ia berperan sebagai tokoh antagonis. Tahun 2000, Zee Zee juga ikut bermain dalam serial Luv. Awalnya, ia hanya menjadi bintang tamu. Namun, karena rating yang bagus, akhirnya ia diberi peran tetap sebagai Stephanie.
Tahun 2001, ketika menginjak kelas 2 SMP, Zee Zee mengikuti pemilihan GADIS Sampul dan berhasil menjadi salah satu dari 20 finalis. Ia merupakan finalis termuda dalam ajang tersebut.
Pada Januari 2007, Zee Zee berpacaran dengan komedian Bedu. Kemudian, pada 2009, Zee Zee dikabarkan menjalin cinta dengan aktor Tommy Kurniawan. Pada Maret 2011, Zee Zee secara serius berpacaran dengan presenter berita Prabu Revolusi. Pada tanggal cantik 11 November 2011, Prabu melamar Zee Zee usai menunaikan salat Jumat. Pada 26 November 2011, Prabu dan Zee Zee resmi menggelar pernikahan dengan adat Arab dan Betawi di Hotel Akmani Jakarta. Tanggal 9 Agustus 2012, Zee Zee melahirkan seorang putra yang diberi nama Fauzi Khaleev Putra Revolusi melalui operasi sesar. Tanggal 5 Agustus 2018, Zee Zee kembali melahirkan seorang putra yang diberi nama Lucky Keriym Putra Revolusi.
Eishōsai Chōki

Eishōsai Chōki (Jepang: 栄松斎 長喜), juga dikenal sebagai Momokawa Chōki, adalah seorang desainer cetakan balok kayu Jepang gaya ukiyo-e yang aktif dari sekitar tahun 1786 hingga 1808. Ia, bersama dengan Utamaro, adalah murid Toriyama Sekien (1712–1788). Chōki terkenal karena lukisannya yang menggambarkan wanita-wanita ramping yang cantik (bijin-ga), sering kali dengan latar belakang yang atmosferik.
Seniman tersebut menandatangani sebagian besar karyanya dengan nama Chōki (長喜), ia juga menandatangani beberapa karya dengan nama Eishōsai (栄松斎) atau Shikō (子興).
Cokelat cair

Cokelat cair (disebut pula cokelat massa atau cokelat pasta) adalah hasil penggilingan biji kakao yang berbentuk pasta, tidak mengandung alkohol, dan memiliki setidaknya 53% lemak cokelat.
Cokelat cair merupakan salah satu tingkatan dalam proses pembuatan cokelat di mana setelah biji kakao diambil dari kulitnya, kemudian dipanggang, lalu dipisahkan dari kandungan-kandungan yang mengganggu kemurniannya. Biji kakao kemudian mengalami fermentasi, biasanya dengan kalium karbonat untuk mengembangkan rasa dan warnanya, juga menghilangkan rasa pahit alami dari biji kakao. Biji kakao kemudian digiling untuk menghasilkan cairan kakao (partikel kakao yang tersuspensi bersama lemak kakao).
Cokelat cair digunakan untuk berbagai keperluan pembuatan cokelat mentah maupun bersamaan dengan lemak kakao yang ditambahkan. Bahan lain seperti gula, susu, pengemulsi juga dicampurkan, di mana proporsi masing-masing bahan ini akan mempengaruhi kualitas dan hasil akhir cokelat yang diinginkan.
Cokelat cair tidak sama dengan cokelat leleh masak, ataupun cokelat liqueur yang mengandung alkohol.
Terasi

Terasi atau belacan adalah bumbu masak yang dibuat dari ikan atau udang rebon yang difermentasikan, berbentuk seperti adonan atau pasta dan berwarna hitam-cokelat, kadang ditambah dengan bahan pewarna sehingga menjadi kemerahan. Terasi merupakan bumbu masak yang penting di kawasan Asia Tenggara dan Tiongkok Selatan. Terasi memiliki bau yang tajam. Di Indonesia terasi biasanya digunakan untuk membuat sambal terasi, tetapi terasi juga digunakan sebagai penyedap masakan dalam berbagai resep tradisional Indonesia.
Di Malaysia, kadang-kadang belacan dibakar supaya rasanya lebih enak. Namun terasi bakar cenderung menimbulkan bau yang tajam.
Di Bangka, ada beberapa daerah khusus penghasil belacan yang terkenal seperti Toboali, Bangka Selatan. Pembuatannya dengan cara mengambil udang rebon segar hasil tangkapan nelayan dari laut, kemudian langsung merebusnya di pinggir pantai. Setelah matang, udang rebon tersebut ditumbuk dengan lesung kayu dan dicampur garam, lalu dijemur agar kadar airnya rendah dan kemudian ditumbuk kembali hingga menjadi adonan yang dapat dibentuk sesuai dengan ciri khas bentuk terasi.
Di Malaysia, Singapura, dan Brunei Darussalam, terasi disebut belacan dan di Thailand disebut kapi. Di Indonesia, terasi sering dikaitkan dengan sejarah berdirinya kota Cirebon yang jika ditilik dari penamaannya dalam bahasa Sunda, merupakan lakuran dari kata ci (yang berarti air) dan udang rebon.
Ayam masak merah

Ayam Masak Merah (Jawi: ايم ماسق ميره; artinya "ayam yang dimasak hinga berwarna merah") merupakan hidangan ayam yang populer di Malaysia dan Singapura. Hidangan ini terdiri dari potongan ayam yang dimasak dengan sambal cabai kering, dan disajikan dalam bentuk kaserol. Di Malaysia, hidangan ini dapat ditemukan saat ada acara besar seperti ramadan, open house, dan hari besar lainnya.
Umumnya, hidangan ini dimasak di rumah, jadi terdapat banyak variasi resep, tergantung selera yang memasak.
SnackVideo

SnackVideo adalah sebuah aplikasi peranti bergerak berbagi video pendek yang dikembangkan oleh Beijing Kuaishou Technology Co., Ltd. Aplikasi ini tersedia di beberapa negara seperti Indonesia, Pakistan, MENA dan Brazil. Aplikasi ini juga dikenal sebagai "Kwai" di pasar Brazil & MENA. SnackVideo hadir di Indonesia tahun 2020 dan meraih popularitas sebagai salah satu aplikasi video pendek paling banyak di download di Indonesia. Pada tahun 2022, SnackVideo telah memiliki 43 juta pengguna aktif di Indonesia.
Kompetitor utamanya adalah Douyin (yang dikenal sebagai TikTok di luar Cina).
Kuaishou didirikan oleh Su Hua (宿华) dan Cheng Yixiao (程一笑). Sebelum menjadi salah satu pendiri Kuaishou, Su Hua bekerja untuk Google dan Baidu sebagai insinyur perangkat lunak. Perusahaan tersebut bermarkas besar di Distrik Haidian, Beijing.
Kejuaraan Dunia Mobile Legends

Kejuaraan Dunia Mobile Legends: Bang Bang atau M-SERIES WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP (bahasa Inggris: Mobile Legends: Bang Bang World Championship) adalah turnamen internasional esports tahunan untuk game Mobile Legends: Bang Bang di mana tim di seluruh dunia akan saling berhadapan untuk menjadi juara dunia Mobile Legends. Turnamen tahunan ini dipersembahkan oleh Moonton dan telah diselenggarakan sebanyak enam kali.
Kejuaraan Dunia Mobile Legends: Bang Bang terbaru, juga dikenal sebagai M6, diadakan pada bulan November-Desember 2024.
Kejuaraan Dunia pertama diadakan di Kuala Lumpur di Malaysia. Lebih dari 16 tim berkompetisi dari Asia, Amerika Selatan dan Eropa yaitu Brazil, Kamboja, Indonesia, Jepang, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Filipina, Rusia, Thailand, Amerika Serikat dan Vietnam. Pada akhirnya, EVOS Legends dan Rex Regum Qeon bertarung di Grand Final dengan Best of 7. Di Final, EVOS Legends akan memenangkan Kejuaraan Dunia dalam 7 Game dan mereka dinobatkan sebagai Kejuaraan Dunia pertama. Dengan Kumpulan Hadiah sebesar $250.000, Team EVOS Legends akan membawa pulang $80.000, dan MVP memenangkan $3.000.
Kejuaraan Dunia Kedua akan diadakan di tempat umum sebelum pandemi COVID-19 melanda seluruh dunia yang telah membatalkan pertandingan Kejuaraan Dunia M2 publik. Namun, Kejuaraan Dunia Kedua tetap dilanjutkan karena diadakan pada 18-24 Januari 2021. Tempat asli Kejuaraan Dunia Kedua berada di Jakarta di Indonesia tetapi dipindahkan ke Singapura. M2 menampilkan lebih dari 12 tim dari berbagai negara dari seluruh dunia seperti Brasil dan Rusia, tetapi sepenuhnya didominasi oleh tim esports berbasis Asia seperti Kamboja, Indonesia, Jepang, Malaysia, Myanmar, Filipina, dan Singapura. Juara bertahan EVOS Legends tidak berpartisipasi dalam Kejuaraan tersebut, tetapi cabang Singapura mereka memenuhi syarat untuk bertanding. Di antara dua belas tim, tim esports Filipina Bren Esports dinobatkan sebagai juara dengan mengalahkan Burmese Ghouls dalam tujuh pertandingan.
Kejuaraan Dunia Ketiga dijadwalkan akan diadakan di Singapura untuk kedua kalinya pada 6-19 Desember 2021.
Moonton

Shanghai Moonton Technology Co. Ltd. sebelumnya bernama YoungJoy Technology Pte. Ltd. adalah sebuah pengembang dan penerbit permainan video yang berkantor pusat di Shanghai, Tiongkok. Didirikan pada bulan April 2014, perusahaan ini terkenal berkat permainan multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) Mobile Legends: Bang Bang yang mereka luncurkan pada bulan Juli 2016. Pada tanggal 22 Maret 2021, ByteDance resmi mengakuisisi Moonton dengan harga US$4 milyar.
Walaupun Mobile Legends: Bang Bang secara teknis hanya berbeda sedikit dengan Mobile Legends: 5v5 MOBA, permainan video tersebut dianggap sebagai produk terpisah pada tuntutan yang diajukan oleh Riot Games kepada Moonton.
Moonton didirikan pada bulan April 2014 di Distrik Minhang, Shanghai, Tiongkok oleh Justin Yuan dan Watson Xu Zhenhua, yang saat ini sama-sama menjadi CEO Moonton.
Pada tanggal 6 April 2015, perusahaan ini meluncurkan permainan video pertamanya, yakni permainan pertahanan menara berjudul Magic Rush: Heroes. Setelah selesai mengembangkan permainan video tersebut, Moonton mengembangkan sebuah permainan multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) yang kemudian diberi nama Mobile Legends.
Mobile Legends diluncurkan secara beta di Brazil oleh Moonton dengan subjudul "5v5 MOBA" pada tanggal 14 Juli 2016, dan kemudian diluncurkan secara global pada bulan November 2016 (kecuali di Tiongkok). Mobile Legends pun sangat populer di Asia Tenggara, terutama di Indonesia, Malaysia, dan Filipina, di mana permainan ini menjadi permainan gratis yang paling banyak diunduh oleh pengguna iPhone pada tahun 2017. Permainan ini didistribusikan oleh Elex Tech di Amerika Serikat.
Setelah diluncurkan, Riot Games menduga bahwa Mobile Legends meniru kekayaan intelektual dari League of Legends, dan meminta Google untuk menghapus permainan tersebut dari Google Play serta App Store. Moonton lalu menghapus permainan tersebut sebelum Google menghapusnya, dan kemudian meluncurkannya kembali dengan nama Mobile Legends: Bang Bang pada tanggal 9 November 2016.
Pada bulan Juli 2017, Riot Games mengajukan tuntutan kepada Moonton atas tuduhan pelanggaran hak cipta, karena ada kemiripan antara Magic Rush dan Mobile Legends dengan League of Legends. Tuntutan tersebut akhirnya ditolak oleh Pengadilan Distrik Califoria Tengah dengan alasan forum non conveniens.
Kemudian, Tencent, induk Riot Games, mengajukan tuntutan baru yang ditujukan kepada CEO Moonton, Watson Xu Zhenhua (yang sebelumnya bekerja di Tencent sebagai salah satu pegawai senior) di Pengadilan Menengah Rakyat Shanghai No.1, atas tuduhan melanggar hukum yang terkait dengan Perjanjian Non-Kompetisi. Pengadilan kemudian mengabulkan tuntutan Tencent pada bulan Juli 2018, dan Tencent pun mendapat ganti rugi sebesar US$2,9 juta (RMB19,4 juta).
Pada tanggal 22 Maret 2021, pengembang TikTok, BABE, Resso dan Lark, ByteDance mengumumkan bahwa mereka telah mengakuisisi Moonton melalui anak usahanya, Nuverse dengan harga diperkirakan sekitar $4 milyar. Tencent diberitakan juga mengajukan tawaran untuk mengakuisisi Moonton, namun akhirnya dikalahkan oleh ByteDance.
Rex Regum Qeon

Rex Regum Qeon atau yang lebih dikenal dengan RRQ merupakan klub e-sports asal Indonesia yang menaungi 7 divisi game, yaitu Mobile Legends: Bang Bang, PUBG Mobile, Free Fire, Valorant, Pokémon Unite dan Honor Of king. Didirikan sejak 2013, Rex Regum Qeon telah memenangkan lebih dari 200 turnamen esports nasional maupun internasional.
Nama Rex Regum berasal dari bahasa Latin yang berarti ‘raja dari segala raja’ atau ‘king of kings’, sedangkan Qeon merupakan nama in game Presiden Direktur Team RRQ, Riki K. Suliawan.
Saat ini, Rex Regum Qeon telah memiliki 8 tim dari 6 divisi dengan lebih dari 40 atlet yang tergabung tak hanya di Indonesia, tetapi juga di Thailand. Salah satu tim dari divisi PUBG Mobile, RRQ Oracle, berbasis di Thailand. Sementara itu, 8 tim lainnya berbasis di Jakarta, Indonesia.
Pada 2017, Rex Regum Qeon pernah bekerja sama dengan Paris Saint-Germain dalam membentuk tim Mobile Legends bernama PSG RRQ yang turut serta dalam MPL Indonesia Season 3. Di dunia esports Mobile Legends, Rex Regum Qeon telah menjuarai 4 turnamen, yaitu MPL Indonesia Season 2 (2018), MPL Indonesia Season 5 (2020), MPL Indonesia Season 6 (2020), dan MPL Indonesia Season 9
Rex Regum Qeon dipimpin oleh Andrian Pauline di kursi CEO sejak 2017, ketika Team RRQ bergabung dengan MidPlaza Holding. Hingga kini, Rex Regum Qeon telah 4 kali juara dunia yang dapat dilihat di jersey atau seragam resmi Team RRQ.
Pertama, dari divisi Point Blank, RRQ Endeavor menyumbang satu bintang setelah menjuarai Point Blank International Championship (PBIC) 2017. Kedua, RRQ Athena yang merupakan tim PUBG Mobile asal Thailand, menyumbang satu bintang pada 2018 dari turnamen PUBG Mobile Star Challenge. Ketiga, dari RRQ Epic di divisi Point Blank, memenangkan Point Blank Word Championsip 2019 Rusia. Keempat, RRQ Athena bersama RRQ Kenboo juga kembali memenangkan PUBG Mobile Star Challenge 2019.
Pada 2020, Rex Regum Qeon memenangkan berbagai penghargaan bagi pelaku industri esports Indonesia. Rex Regum Qeon menjadi Pro Team Esports Terfavorit di Indonesian Esports Awards 2020. Rex Regum Qeon juga terpilih menjadi The Most Favorite Esports Team of the Year di Indonesia Gaming Awards 2020 serta sebagai Esports Team of the Year dalam Supergamer Fest 2020.
Rex Regum Qeon berhasil mendapatkan tempat franchise sebagai salah satu tim partner di Valorant Champions Tour Pacific dan satu-satunya tim esport asal Indonesia.[1]
Rex Regum Qeon juga membentuk RRQ Kingdom sebagai wadah bagi para pendukung Team RRQ untuk saling kenal dan menyampaikan dukungan. Salah satu inisiatif yang gencar disampaikan oleh RRQ Kingdom adalah gerakan #StopMenghinaMariBerkarya yang menjadi jiwa RRQ Kingdom agar selalu memberikan dukungan secara positif kepada Team RRQ tanpa menghina tim lain.
Inisiatif ini dilakukan melihat penggemar esports Mobile Legends yang masih penuh toxic fans yang sering menyampaikan hinaan kepada tim lain. Karena itu, RRQ Kingdom membuat gerakan ini sebagai contoh bagi penggemar tim lain dan juga bagi ekosistem esports di Indonesia agar bisa dewasa menyikapi berbagai pertandingan dan turnamen dengan sportif.
Backstreet Rookie

Backstreet Rookie (Hangul: 편의점 샛별이; Hanja: 便宜店 샛별이; RR: Pyeonuijeom Saetbyeoli; lit. Convenience Store Saet-byul) adalah seri televisi Korea Selatan tahun 2020 yang dibintangi oleh Ji Chang-wook, Kim Yoo-jung, Han Sun-hwa, dan Do Sang-woo. Drama ini diadaptasi dari webtoon tahun 2016–2017 berjudul Convenience Store Saet-byul karya Hwalhwasan dan diilustrasikan oleh Geumsagong. Ini adalah seri orisinil dari iQIYI dan juga drama Korea pertama yang diinvestasikan oleh jaringan global Lifetime dan diproduksi oleh Taewon Entertainment. Drama ini disiarkan di SBS TV setiap Jumat dan Sabtu pukul 22:00 (WSK) mulai 19 Juni hingga 8 Agustus 2020 dan tersedia di IQIYI dan Viu untuk penonton internasional dengan terjemahan berbagai bahasa. Dan ditayangkan di Indonesia yaitu Trans TV pada 6 Nopember 2021 tayang setiap Sabtu-Minggu pukul 12:30 - 14:00 WIB.
Choi Dae-hyun (Ji Chang-wook) adalah seorang pria berusia 29 tahun yang memiliki wajah tampan, tapi ceroboh. Setelah berpindah-pindah tempat kerja selama beberapa tahun terakhir, dia memutuskan untuk menjalankan bisnis sebuah toko serba ada. Suatu hari, Dae-hyun dipertemukan dengan Jung Saet-byul (Kim Yoo-jung) yang melamar sebagai pekerja paruh waktu di toko serba ada yang ia jalankan. Saet-byul adalah seorang gadis berusia 22 tahun yang mempunyai kepribadian unik. Ia bertekad ingin melupakan masa lalunya yang suram dan bersiap untuk memulai lembaran baru sebagai wanita muda yang menjunjung tinggi keadilan.
Pembacaan naskah pertama dilakukan pada bulan Februari 2020. Seri ini disutradarai oleh Myoungwoo Lee yang sebelumnya menggarap seri populer The Fiery Priest (2019).
Para pemeran utama (Ji Chang-wook, Kim Yoo-jung, Han Sun-hwa, dan Do Sang-woo) akan mempromosikan drama ini pada episode ke-507 dari acara varietas Running Man.
Drama ini mendapat banyak kritik karena penggambarannya yang vulgar tentang seniman webtoon mengindikasi perilaku seksual kasar dan mengerang saat ia menggambar. Seniman webtoon digambarkan sebagai rastafari berwajah hitam memberi kesan bahwa mereka yang memiliki rambut gimbal dan/atau kulit hitam adalah kotor dengan tambahan efek khusus yang menunjukkan lalat terbang dari rambut gimbal dan bau menguap dari karakter tersebut. Sebagai akibatnya, penonton berkomentar di papan Diskusi SBS tentang seri ini dengan lebih dari 6.000 tanda tangan yang menyerukan agar drama ini dibatalkan.
Welcome to Convenience Store

Welcome to Convenience Store (Hangul: 와라! 편의점; RR: Wara! Pyeonuijeom) adalah webtoon yang berlatarbelakang disebuah toko kelontong, dibuat oleh Ji Kang-min. Webtoon ini dimulai pada Februari 2008 dan menerima penghargaan di Seoul International Cartoon and Animation Festival pada tahun yang sama. Versi bukunya dirilis pada tanggal 23 Oktober 2008.
Welcome to Convenience Store diadaptasi kedalam berbagai serial animasi, dan juga permainan peranti bergerak didistribusikan oleh Kakao.
Welcome to Convenience Store mengisahkan kejadian sehari-hari yang lucu di sebuah minimarket fiktif Korea Selatan. Meskipun webtun ini murni bersifat episodik, webtun ini menampilkan serangkaian pekerja paruh waktu yang sama berulang kali. Kang-min awalnya bermaksud untuk memfokuskan ceritanya pada karyawan toko saja, tetapi setelah menerima tanggapan positif dari para pembacanya, ia mengalihkan fokus webtun lebih ke cerita para pelanggan.
Pepero

Pepero (빼빼로) adalah kue stick, dicelupkan ke dalam cokelat compound, yang diproduksi oleh Lotte Confectionery di Korea Selatan sejak tahun 1983.
Pepero adalah serupa dengan yang lebih tua dari Jepang kue stick Pocky dari Glico. Glico telah menuduh Lotte meniru produk dan pelanggaran merek dagang.
Sebagai 2017, Pepero diproduksi dalam beberapa varian rasa:
Lotte juga merilis versi baru dari Pepero, Pepero Skinny, yang lebih tipis dan lebih "lebih renyah."
Pepero adalah "Mirip" snack Pocky yang diproduksi oleh Jepang perusahaan permen Glico sejak tahun 1966. Ketika Pepero diperkenalkan pada tahun 1983, Glico dianggap mengambil tindakan terhadap apa yang dianggap sebagai peniru makanan ringan tapi menyenangkan itu akan menjadi sulit, karena Pocky itu tidak dijual di Korea. Seperti Pepero telah diklaim Korea versi Pocky, Lotte menyangkal bahwa hal itu terinspirasi oleh produk.
Pada Tahun 2014, Glico menggugat Lotte yang diduga disalin desain kotak kemasan dari Glico ini Baton d'or seri eksklusif dari Pocky dan Pretz untuk Lotte produk baru Premier Pepero. Pada 14 Agustus 2015, Pengadilan Distrik Seoul memutuskan bahwa Lotte mencuri kotak desain Glico produk dan keputusan diharapkan untuk memaksa Lotte untuk menghentikan penjualan produk dan membuang stok yang ada.
Pada 10 Juli 2015, Glico mengajukan gugatan di Pengadilan Distrik AS terhadap Lotte Amerika Serikat untuk melanggar merek dagang dari Pocky. Glico telah terdaftar Pocky adalah tiga-dimensi merek dagang sebelum peluncuran Pepero di AS.
Inflasusut

Inflasusut, inflasi penyusutan, atau syrinkflasi (bahasa Inggris : shrinkflation) merupakan istilah yang digunakan untuk menyebutkan fenomena ketika sebuah produk mengalami pengurangan ukuran/isi/berat, atau kualitasnya menurun, tetapi tidak mengalami penurunan harga, atau harganya justru naik (umumnya tidak besar). Biasanya barang yang mengalami inflasusut mengalami pengurangan yang tidak kasat mata, sehingga konsumen tidak menyadarinya, atau bisa saja dibungkus dengan istilah/konsep baru, seperti "kemasan lebih ramah lingkungan". Adapun istilah inflasusut pertama kali dimunculkan oleh ekonom Pippa Malmgren. Konsep lainnya yang berkaitan adalah inflahemat (skimpflation, dari kata skimp = hemat dan inflation), yang menggambarkan kondisi dimana suatu produk jasa yang diberikan (seperti hotel) mengalami penurunan kualitas layanan, namun tidak mengalami penurunan tarif.
Inflasusut bisa disebabkan oleh beberapa penyebab. Misalnya, harga bahan baku, transportasi, upah pekerja, dan hal-hal terkait modal lainnya yang naik sehingga memaksa produsen menyusutkan ukuran produknya. Bisa juga karena kondisi pasar yang mengalami persaingan ketat atau upaya menciptakan tren/citra baru bagi produk yang dijual. Alasan lainnya (yang tersembunyi) adalah keinginan menaikkan pendapatan dan keuntungan perusahaan. Dengan pengurangan ukuran/kualitas yang tidak kasat mata, perusahaan tetap dapat mempertahankan pendapatannya tanpa harus menaikkan harga yang justru bisa berakibat sebaliknya. Karena terkesan merupakan "penipuan" bagi konsumen, di sejumlah negara praktik ini dikritik oleh banyak lembaga konsumen maupun ekonom.
Fenomena inflasusut saat ini banyak terjadi di berbagai negara, dan dilakukan berbagai produsen dalam berbagai produk. Di Amerika Serikat ada tisu dan sereal, di Britania Raya ada kopi bubuk, di India ada sabun batang, dan di Jepang pada makanan ringan. Di Indonesia, inflasusut dapat diamati pada produk-produk seperti berikut:
Matsubayashi-ryū

Matsubayashi-Ryū (松林流), is a style of Okinawan karate founded in 1947 by Shōshin Nagamine (1907–1997) (an Okina Sensei). Its curriculum includes 18 kata, seven two-man yakusoku kumite (pre-arranged sparring) routines, and kobudō (weapons) practice.
Nagamine named his style in honor of the two most important masters that his teachings were based upon: Sōkon Matsumura of Shuri-te, and Kosaku Matsumora of Tomari-te. He chose to name the school using the first kanji characters from both master's names Matsu (松) and the style is pronounced in Japanese "Matsubayashi". Matsubayashi-ryū is a style of Shōrin-ryū and the terms Matsubayashi-ryū and Shōrin-ryū can be used interchangeably. Normally, the style is referred to as Shōrin-ryū, but when a definite distinction is required between the other styles of the Shōrin-ryū family (Kobayashi Shōrin-ryū, Shōbayashi Shōrin-ryū and Matsumura Seito Hohan Sōken) then it is called Matsubayashi-ryū. Nagamine also credited Motobu Chōki as the teacher who inspired his seven Yakusoku Kumite Forms.
Matsubayashi-ryū is one of the better-documented traditional karate styles, owing to Nagamine's book, The Essence of Okinawan Karate-dō. as well as Tales of Okinawa's Great Masters. Takayoshi Nagamine
After the death of Nagamine O Sensei in 1997, many of his senior students formed their own organisations to teach Matsubayashi-ryū. In the years following Nagamine Soke, continued to lead the organization, but was unable to get unification, due to politics within the organization. Since 2012, Yoshitaka Taira has been the association president. There are now, many other organizations which are continuing the teachings of O Sensei outside of the WMKA.
Kata are sets of moves in Karate and are considered the most important part of the Matsubayashi-ryu style.
These are the ranks as set out by the World Matsubayashi-ryu (Shorin-ryu) Karate-Do Association (WMKA) and the Kodokan Nagamine Karate Dojo (World Honbu).
Mudansha
Yudansha
Shogo Titles
After the passing of the Matsubayashi-ryu founder, Shoshin Nagamine, in 1997 many practitioners of Matsubayashi-ryu Karate-do were affiliated with the Nagamine Honbu Dojo and the Okinawan Matsubayashi-ryu Karate-do Federation.
Ranks and honorifics have been excluded from the list for simplicity.
Okinawa
United States
Canada
Ireland
Spain
Norway
Netherlands
India
https://www.amazon.com/dp/1653464062 "A Simple Man" Takayoshi Nagamine
2022 SAFF U-18 Women's Championship

The 2022 SAFF U-18 Women's Championship was the third edition of the SAFF U-18 Women's Championship, an international football competition for women's under–18 national teams organized by SAFF. The tournament was held from 15 to 25 March 2022 in Jamshedpur, India.
India won the title of the SAFF U–18 Women's Championship 2022 after finishing on the top table with nine points and with a superior goal difference over Bangladesh.
On 15 December 2021, AIFF declared to be the host of the tournament.
All matches were held in Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India.
Players born on or after 1 January 2004 are eligible to compete in the tournament. Each team has to register a squad of minimum 16 players and maximum 23 players, minimum two of whom must be goalkeepers.
The following awards were given at the conclusion of the tournament:
There have been 24 goals scored in 6 matches, for an average of 4 goals per match.
5 goals
2 goals
1 goal
Signal the Movie

Signal the Movie is a 2021 Japanese police procedural thriller drama film directed by Hajime Hashimoto [ja] and co-written by Kōsuke Nishi and Hiroshi Hayashi; the film is based on a television series with a same name by Akira Uchitaka and Kosuke Suzuki, which in turn is a remake of a South Korean television series with a same name by Kim Eun-hee. Distributed by Toho, it continues where the television series had left off, as Kento Saegura, Misaki Sakurai and Takeshi Ooyama investigate mysterious car accidents occurring in both past and present era. Kentaro Sakaguchi, Michiko Kichise, Kazuki Kitamura, Yuichi Nakamura, Tetsuhiro Ikeda and Kaede Aono reprises their roles from the television series, with Tetta Sugimoto, Nao, Tetsushi Tanaka, Takeshi Kaga and Tsuyoshi Ihara joining the ensemble cast. It was released in Japan on April 2, 2021.
"In 2021, a limousine taxi driver causes an accident on a highway and a high-level government official dies in the accident. Cold case investigation team, including Kento Saegusa and team leader Misaki Sakurai, have doubts about the case.
Meanwhile, in 2009, administrative officers die consecutively in car accidents. The police announce these deaths as accidents. Takeshi Ooyama believes that these deaths were not the product of simple accidents. At 11:23 PM, a walkie-talkie turns on and makes a connection between the future and past. Kento Saegusa and Takeshi Ooyama face the threat of bioterrorism."
In January 2020, it was announced that Signal television series would receive a film adaptation, and Hajime Hashimoto [ja] would direct the film. The film featured a brand new story that was not present in the South Korean television series or any adaptations prior. Cast members from the television series reprised their respective roles for the film. The principal photography took place from January to February 2020.
Yuki Hayashi and Asami Tachibana returned to co-compose the music for the film. South Korean boy band BTS also returned to provide the theme song for the film, titled "Film Out".
The film was released in Japan on April 2, 2021.
James Marsh from South China Morning Post gave a mixed review, stating "Existing fans of the television show will doubtless already have their tickets booked for this frantic and fitfully entertaining continuation, but curious parties approaching Signal the Movie for the first time will be better served seeking out the small screen series first – or even the superior Korean incarnation, both of which are streaming on Netflix."
Mark Schilling from The Japan Times praised the action sequences, stating "This cop thriller based on a 2018 Fuji TV series may be gimmicky, but it delivers in the action department."
Gamesa

Gamesa (formerly Galletera Mexicana S.A. de C.V. "Mexican Biscuit Company")(also Grupo Gamesa) is Mexico's largest manufacturer of cookies. The company also makes flour, ready to eat cereals and other related products. It is headquartered in San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico, and have production facilities in eight states across Mexico and one in Colombia. In 1990, they were acquired by PepsiCo, also owner of Pepsi, Sabritas and Sonric's in Mexico.
Gamesa also sells cookies in the United States, Central and South America and the Caribbean.
Among their most successful brands are "Marias Gamesa", "Emperador", "Arcoiris", "Mamut", "Chokis", "Cremax", "Marca Gamesa", "Saladitas", "Crackets", among others.
Alberto, Ignacio, and Manuel Santos Gonzalez, three brothers, acquired the majority of the stocks of the pasta and cookie company "Lara" in 1921, which would change name and merge with other companies to create "Gamesa".
In 1992, the cookie company introduced nine value-priced cookies to the United States market. The move to the U.S. market would hopefully net the company $10 million in sales by the end of 1992 and $20 million by 1993. The advertisement for this campaign was handled by Market Entry of Dallas, TX. They targeted Hispanic consumers.
In the year 2000, the company began a new era in which automation became the norm. The company acquired machinery from Italian company Sasib, that allowed them to produce as much as 3.3 kilos (about 7.3 pounds) per hour.
As of 2023, the company had 13,000 employees.
Makoto Yoshimori

Makoto Yoshimori (吉森信, Yoshimori Makoto, born in 1969) is a Japanese composer and pianist known for his soundtracks for many animations.
He also works on various artists like Ogawa Mishio, Yumeno Kabu, Umezu Kazutoki, Ohtaka Sizzle, Watanabe Takao and many more.
Yoshimori Makoto was born in Hiroshima, Japan. He started his musical career in 1986 participating as a keyboardist in a variety of concerts around the Kansai region. In 1991 he graduated from the music program at the Osaka Kyoiku University and then moved to Tokyo in 1992, at first, as a member of Modern Choki Chokies. From 1995 through 1998, being a multi-keyboardist, he played the piano, synthesizer, and accordion at various night clubs around Tokyo for bands such as Hikashu. He also played the piano and accordion for various musicals such as Big in 1998. He joined the keyboard harmonica orchestra P-blot in 1996 and was considered "the most avant-garde man" of the group because of his acute and clear playing. Through his various activities in Tokyo he dealt with many genres of music and learned different aspects of composition, arrangement, and music production. In recent years he has mainly worked as a composer of soundtracks for anime, often collaborating with director Takahiro Omori.
Yoshimori Makoto has released his 1st piano solo CD "Uta no Soba ni: A Song is on Your Side." in 2010, 2nd CD "Oto no Aware" in 2013, 3rd CD "Everyday Evening" in 2020 via his own Apollo Black Records (All solo albums are only available on CD format, unavailable on any streaming services). At the same time of releasing 3rd CD, he launched the completely brand-new Official Website and announced his previous site would close soon.