davidanugraha/M4-RAG huggingface dataset:
Restritividade

Na semântica, um adjetivo é dito ser restritivo se restringe o substantivo ao qual se refere. Por exemplo, em "o escritor famoso está no banheiro", famoso é restritivo, porque restringe a qual escritor a frase se refere. Por contraste, em "O diretor preocupado atendeu o telefone", preocupado é não-restritivo, ou explicativo; presumindo que a preocupação é uma característica inerente ao diretor (se preocupado estivesse entre vírgulas seria restritivo pois indicaria que o diretor estava preocupado no momento da fala).
Modificadores restritivos também são chamados de definidores, identificantes, essenciais, ou necessários; não-restritivos são também chamados de explicativos, descritivos, etc. Em certos casos, geralmente quando a restritividade é marcada pelo uso de vírgulas, modificadores restritivos são chamados de integrados e não-restritivos são chamados de não-integrados ou suplementares.
Em geral, na língua portuguesa, a restritividade é marcada pela colocação dos adjetivos e pelo uso de vírgulas. Se um adjetivo é restritivo, ele vem depois do substantivo; se ele é explicativo, ele vem antes do substantivo. Se uma oração adjetiva é restritiva, ela vem integrada à oração principal, sem vírgulas; se ela é explicativa, ela vem isolada por vírgulas. Por exemplo:
"As alunas talentosas tiraram dez na prova." - adjetivo restritivo; talentosas é necessário para saber que apenas algumas alunas (as que eram talentosas) tiraram dez na prova. Ele restringe o termo, por isso segue o substantivo.
Outra maneira de dizer a mesma coisa que a frase acima seria "as alunas que eram talentosas tiraram dez na prova." - oração adjetiva restritiva; não vem isolada por vírgulas.
"As talentosas alunas tiraram dez na prova." - adjetivo explicativo; talentosas não é necessário para saber quais alunas tiraram dez na prova, todas tiraram. Ele explica o termo, por isso precede o substantivo.
Outra maneira de dizer a mesma coisa que a frase acima seria "as alunas, que eram talentosas, tiraram dez na prova." - oração adjetiva explicativa; vem isolada por vírgulas.
Flávio Augusto da Silva

Flávio Augusto da Silva (Rio de Janeiro, 7 de fevereiro de 1972) é um empresário e escritor brasileiro; fundador da empresa Wise Up e ex-proprietário do Orlando City Soccer Club.
Nascido e criado no subúrbio do Rio de Janeiro, estudou grande parte do tempo em uma escola pública em seu bairro (Jabour). Aos 15 anos, foi aprovado no concurso do Colégio Naval da Marinha do Brasil e começou a cursar, mas desistiu da carreira militar no fim do 2º ano.
Aos 19 anos, começou a trabalhar no departamento comercial de uma escola de inglês com a intenção de ter sua própria renda. Depois de algum tempo, trancou a faculdade no curso de Ciências da Computação na Universidade Federal Fluminense e passou a dedicar-se 100% à sua carreira. Foi então que, aos 23 anos de idade, Flávio fundou a WiseUp, usando, como capital inicial, R$ 20 mil reais de seu cheque especial a um custo de 12% de juros ao mês.
Em fevereiro de 2013, sendo a WiseUp uma holding avaliada em cerca de R$ 877 milhões, Flávio o vendeu ao Grupo Abril Educação. No mesmo ano, comprou um clube de futebol profissional nos EUA, o Orlando City Soccer Club, na cidade de Orlando. Ainda em 2013, o Orlando City passou a integrar a Major League Soccer (MLS), elite do futebol norte-americano. Em julho de 2014, o meia brasileiro Kaká foi contratado pelo Orlando City por 3 anos e meio. Durante o segundo semestre de 2014, Kaká foi emprestado por 6 meses ao São Paulo FC, clube que o revelou.
Em dezembro de 2015, recomprou a Wise Up por R$ 398 milhões.
Em 2021, Flávio Augusto anunciou a venda do Orlando City Soccer Club Para a família Wilf, que já é dona da franquia de Futebol Americano Minnesota Vikings. O valor da venda foi estipulado em aproximadamente US$ 400 milhões (R$ 2,1 bilhões).
Em 2024, foi anunciado como Embaixador de Comunicação Estratégica da Marinha do Brasil.
Atualmente, Flávio tem parceria com Carlos Wizard, trabalhando juntos em projetos envolvendo a aquisição de escolas de inglês para serem incorporadas ao grupo Wiser Educação. Um dos seus grandes empreendimentos hoje consiste em um curso que destaca diversos casos de sucessos e afirma ensinar aos seus alunos como se tornar um empreendedor de sucesso. Silva também foi o criador do Powerhouse19, um evento caracterizado por ser uma maratona de 6 horas de aulas sobre diversos assuntos do mundo dos negócios e do empreendedorismo.
Leandro Gomes de Barros

Leandro Gomes de Barros (Pombal, 19 de novembro de 1865 — Recife, 4 de março de 1918) foi um poeta de literatura de cordel brasileiro.
Em 19 de novembro é comemorado o "Dia do Cordelista", em homenagem ao nascimento de Leandro Gomes de Barros.
É considerado como o primeiro escritor brasileiro de literatura de Cordel, tendo escrito aproximadamente 240 obras. No seu tempo, era cognominado "O Primeiro sem Segundo", e ainda é considerado o maior poeta popular do Brasil de todos os tempos, autor de vários clássicos e campeão absoluto de vendas, com muitos folhetos que ultrapassam a casa dos 3 milhões de exemplares vendidos.
Compôs obras-primas que eram utilizadas em obras de outros grandes autores, como por exemplo Ariano Suassuna que em sua peça Auto da Compadecida, se inspirou em dois de seus folhetos: "O Dinheiro", também chamado de "O testamento do cachorro" e "O cavalo que defecava dinheiro".
Depois de fundar uma pequena gráfica, em 1906, seus folhetos se espalharam pelo Nordeste, sendo considerado por Câmara Cascudo o mais lido dos escritores populares.
Em 1909, Leandro Gomes de Barros publicou seus poemas na seção "Lyra Popular" no jornal O Rebate de Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará.
Inspirado em poemas medievais, escreveu o romance Batalha de Oliveiros contra Ferrabrás, inspirado nos romances de cavalaria conhecidos como Ciclo Carolíngio ou Matéria de França.
Segundo Carlos Drummond de Andrade, Leandro Gomes de Barros foi "o rei da poesia do sertão e do Brasil".
Segundo Permínio Ásfora, teria sido preso no ano de 1918 porque o chefe de polícia considerou afronta às autoridades alguns dos versos da obra O Punhal e a Palmatória, trama que tratava de um senhor de engenho assassinado por um homem em quem teria dado uma surra e deixando-o sangrando os olhos.
Sebastião Nunes Batista, no entanto, em Antologia da Literatura de Cordel (Fundação José Augusto, Natal, 1977) dá como causa da morte do cordelista a gripe espanhola (influenza).
É o patrono da cadeira numero um da Academia Brasileira de Literatura de Cordel.
A estrofe considerada desrespeitosa de O Punhal e a Palmatória é:
Leandro morreu dia 4 de março de 1918, vitimado pela gripe espanhola, em Recife aos 52 anos.
Bráulio Bessa

Bráulio Bessa Uchoa (Alto Santo, 23 de julho de 1985) é um poeta, cordelista, declamador e palestrante brasileiro.
Ficou famoso após postar vídeos na internet para resgatar a tradicional literatura de cordel. Foi desta forma que seus vídeos com declamações já ultrapassaram 250 milhões de visualizações, tendo como marcas registradas o sotaque e o inseparável chapéu. Ele também é o criador do projeto ‘Nação Nordestina’, que divulga a cultura do Nordeste na internet e que tem mais de um milhão de fãs/seguidores, o que o consagrou como ativista. Por tudo isso, Bráulio ganhou a alcunha de "embaixador do Nordeste".
Seus videos na internet fizeram tanto sucesso que ele ganhou um quadro semanal no programa Encontro com Fátima Bernardes, da TV Globo, no qual ele apresenta a Cultura Nordestina sob um olhar poético.
Bráulio foi o primeiro cearense a palestrar na sede do Facebook. Suas palestras já foram assistidas por mais de 100 mil pessoas.
Em 2014, ele foi escolhido pela FIFA para entregar o prêmio de Melhor Jogador da Partida, no jogo da Copa do Mundo, Alemanha x Gana, que aconteceu no dia 21/06 na Arena Castelão, em Fortaleza.
Em abril de 2017, com inspiração na poesia de Patativa do Assaré, Bráulio lançou o livro "Poesia com Rapadura" (editora CENE).
Em setembro de 2017, ele foi o principal palestrante da terceira edição do E-Day, que é uma das principais feiras acadêmicas promovidas por uma instituição privada no Brasil.
Em julho de 2018, lançou o livro "Poesia que Transforma". O livro permaneceu por 18 semanas consecutivas na lista de mais vendidos do Brasil.
Se tornou o primeiro escritor de literatura de cordel a atingir o topo da lista de mais vendidos da Amazon.
Bráulio Bessa está entre os poetas brasileiros mais relevantes do século XXI numa lista liderada por nomes como Augusto Branco, Adélia Prado e Bruna Lombardi, conforme estudo que levou em consideração a propagação de sua obra tanto para o público em geral, quanto em sites especializados em literatura, trabalhos acadêmicos, e a referência aos seus textos em obras literárias de outros autores.
Poesia com Rapadura é o primeiro livro de ficção do cordelista brasileiro Bráulio Bessa, lançado pela editora CENE em abril de 2017. Para escrevê-lo, o Bráulio teve como inspiração a poesia de Patativa do Assaré.
Na segunda semana de agosto de 2017, Poesia com Rapadura figurou na 18a posição dos livros mais vendidos na categoria Ficção.
Poesia que Transforma é o segundo livro de ficção do cordelista brasileiro Bráulio Bessa, lançado pela editora Sextante em julho de 2018.
Em julho de 2018, durante a Festa Literária Internacional de Paraty, Poesia que Transforma foi o 7o livro mais vendido do evento, o que o ajudou a figurar na 4a posição dos livros mais vendidos do Brasil no mês de julho na categoria Ficção, e na 20a posição na categoria Geral.
Carina Rissi

Carina Rissi (Ariranha, 20 de dezembro de 1980) é uma escritora brasileira de ficção. Ela adquiriu proeminência pela famosa série de livros Perdida e é autora de outros best-sellers como Procura-se um marido (2013) e No mundo da Luna (2015).
Rissi é notadamente uma das autoras brasileiras mais populares do gênero chick lit, tendo obtido vendas superiores a 700 mil exemplares. Ao longo dos anos, seus livros foram publicados em diversos países como Portugal, Rússia, Ucrânia e Itália.
Carina Rissi nasceu em Ariranha, interior do estado de São Paulo, em 1980. Ela possui o hábito da leitura desde criança e nunca imaginou que seria uma escritora de êxito. Além disso, possui como inspiração a escritora inglesa Jane Austen e é formada em jornalismo.
Rissi começou a escrever despretensiosamente em 2010, período que elaborou o rascunho do que seria o seu primeiro livro, o qual mais tarde recebeu o título de Perdida. Após elaborar o seu primeiro livro e incentivada por seu marido, ela procurou diversas editoras, que se recusaram a publicar o livro, em virtude das negativas, Rissi lançou Perdida inicialmente de forma independente. Seu êxito de vendas, ocorreu não apenas no Brasil como na Alemanha, o que fez crescer o interesse de editoras francesas e italianas em traduzir a sua obra. A seguir, Perdida foi lançada pela editora Verus no Brasil.
Em novembro de 2021, foi anunciado uma parceria de Rissi com a WarnerMedia Latin America, para a realização de adaptações audiovisuais de suas obras literárias, a fim de serem exibidas pela plataforma de streaming HBO Max, incluindo a elaboração de roteiros inéditos. A seguir, em novembro de 2022, foi lançado o filme Procura-se, baseado no livro Procura-se um marido (2013) que conta com Camila Queiroz e Kleber Toledo como o casal principal. E em dezembro do mesmo ano, estreou a série No Mundo da Luna, baseado no livro de mesmo título publicado em 2015. Posteriormente, foi anunciado a produção de Perdida (2023), filme lançado pela Disney, que conta com Giovana Grigio e Bruno Montaleone.
Naomi Klein

Naomi Klein (Montreal, 1970) é uma jornalista, escritora e activista canadiana. A carreira de escritora de Klein começou cedo com contribuições ao jornal The Varsity na Universidade de Toronto, escrevia sobre feminismo.
Em 1999 publicou No Logo (em português do Brasil Sem Logo: A Tirania das Marcas em Um Planeta Vendido e de Portugal No logo: O Poder das Marcas, lançados em 2002), que para muitos se transformou em um manifesto do movimento antiglobalização. O livro traz efeitos negativos da cultura consumista e as pressões impostas de grandes empresas sobre seus trabalhadores. Uma das grandes criticadas é a Nike, que em suas filiais no sudeste da Ásia, segundo Klein, tortura os trabalhadores para que estes cumpram as metas da empresa. Klein recebeu resposta da Nike por isso.
Em 2002 publica Fences and Windows (em português Cercas e Janelas), uma coleção de matérias escrita por ela sobre o movimento antiglobalização no mundo como movimento zapatista e os protestos contra OMC e FMI. Klein também escreve regularmente para os jornais The Nation, In These Times, Canada's The Globe and Mail, This Magazine e The Guardian.
Em 2004 Klein e o marido Avi Lewis fizeram um documentário chamado The Take onde contam sobre os trabalhadores autônomos na Argentina.
Em outubro de 2005 esteve em 11ª lugar na enquete sobre os intelectuais de 2005 promovida pela Revista Prospect.
Em setembro 2007, Naomi Klein publicou o livro The Shock Doctrine: The Rise of Disaster Capitalism [1] (em português A Doutrina do Choque: a Ascensão do Capitalismo de Desastre), no qual descreveu como as empresas aproveitam dos desastres naturais, das guerras ou outros choques culturais para avançar políticas de liberalização econômicas, o que produz, segundo a autora, o empobrecimento das populações, o enriquecimento de uma minoria de capitalistas sem escrúpulos e, normalmente, tumultos os quais o governo apaga com o uso da força. Naomi Klein cita, como exemplos de sua tese: o Chile do Pinochet, o Brasil e a Argentina das ditaduras militares, a China após as repressões aos tumultos da Praça da Paz Celestial.
A partir de 2014, com a publicação do livro "This Changes Everything: Capitalism vs. the Climate" (em português Tudo pode mudar. Capitalismo vs. clima), Klein ampliou as discussões que trata em sua obra ao refletir sobre questões climáticas, denunciando o papel da globalização e do capitalismo no agravamento dos problemas que envolvem as mudanças do clima planetário.
Heloísa Teixeira

Heloísa Teixeira (26 July 1939 – 28 March 2025), formerly known as Heloísa Buarque de Hollanda, was a Brazilian writer, essayist, editor and literary critic whose research activity focused on the relationship between culture and development, particularly with regard to poetry, feminism, gender and ethnic relations, marginalized cultures, and digital culture.
Teixeira was born in Ribeirão Preto. She graduated in classic literature at the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, had a master's degree and a doctorate in Brazilian literature from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, where she was professor emerita of theory of culture, and a postgrad at Columbia University. In the 80s she was named director of Museu da Imagem e do Som do Rio de Janeiro by Darcy Ribeiro.
Among the works she wrote or edited are the books 26 poetas hoje (1975), an anthology of Brazilian underground poets from the mimeograph generation, and As 29 poetas hoje (2021), an anthology of women poets; the series Pensamento Feminista Hoje; Asdrúbal trouxe o trombone – memórias de uma trupe solitária de comediantes que abalou os anos 70; Rachel, Rachel; Explosão Feminista; Cultura e Participação nos anos 60; and Pós-Modernismo e Política.
On 20 April 2023, she was elected as the 30th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters, succeeding Nélida Piñon. She was the 10th woman in the history of the Academy to be elected.
She was married twice – first to the lawyer and gallery owner Luiz Buarque de Hollanda, a relative of Chico Buarque; she had three sons with him. Her second husband was the photographer João Carlos Horta; they were married for over 50 years, until Horta's death in 2020. In July 2023, Heloísa announced that she would reject the surname Buarque de Hollanda, and return to her maiden name Teixeira.
In 2024, Teixeira was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer.
Teixeira died on 28 March 2025, aged 85, in Rio de Janeiro. She had been hospitalized with pneumonia. President Lula da Silva expressed his condolences upon her death. Actress Fernanda Torres also paid her respects to Teixeira.
Military career of Napoleon

The military career of Napoleon spanned over 20 years. He led French armies in the French Revolutionary Wars and later, as emperor, in the Napoleonic Wars. Despite his rich war-winning record, Napoleon's military career ended in defeat. Napoleon has since been regarded as a military genius and one of the finest commanders in history. His wars and campaigns have been studied at military schools worldwide. He fought more than 80 battles, losing only ten, mostly towards the end when the French army was not as dominant.
The French dominion collapsed rapidly after the disastrous invasion of Russia in 1812. Napoleon was defeated in 1814 and exiled to the island of Elba, before returning to France. He was finally defeated in 1815 at Waterloo. He spent his remaining days in British custody on the remote volcanic tropical island of Saint Helena. In his long military career, Bonaparte celebrated 70 victories and suffered 10 defeats.
Unauthorized biography

An unauthorized biography sometimes called a kiss-and-tell, or a tell-all, is a biography written without the subject's permission or input. The term is usually restricted to biographies written within the subject's lifetime or shortly after their death; as such, it is not applied to biographies of historical figures written long after their deaths.
Unauthorized biographies may be considered more objective but less detailed than other biographies, because they are not subject to the subject's (subjective) approval (and therefore may contain accurate information that the subject would not have authorized), but are also not privy to information or corrections known only to the subject or the subject's close friends and family.
The subjects of unauthorized biographies are almost always public figures. Rarely do public figures succeed in preventing the release of unauthorized biographies. Unauthorized biographies of people who are not deemed public figures may be considered violations of the right to privacy and subject to legal action. As Ted Schwarz (1992) writes:
Speaking of U.S. courts, Lloyd Rich (2002) writes:
The legality of unauthorized biographies varies by country. Brazil enacted a short-lived law in 2014 requiring permission from biographies' subjects before publication.
Unauthorized biographies are not necessarily unwelcomed by their subjects, and in fact some unauthorized biographies have been criticized for displaying overeager admiration for them; however, unauthorized biographies have a wider reputation for fueling controversy and painting unflattering portraits of their subjects.
While unauthorized biographies often receive significant news coverage, their writers tend to face "media disdain" due to the perception that their work is gossipy, voyeuristic, and busybodyish.
For a period in the early 1990s, a number of independent publishers — including Revolutionary Comics and Personality Comics — found great success and sales of unauthorized comic book biographies. One publisher claimed that not all its biographies were unauthorized, stating that "DeForest Kelley... and Kim Basinger had sent autographed copies of their biographies, and... Walter Koenig... had edited his." However, a number of these companies later faced legal challenges to their publications, which resulted in the unauthorized comic book biography fad dying down.
Biography of X

Biography of X is a 2023 alternative history novel by American writer Catherine Lacey published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
The novel purports to be a 2005 biography of the musician and artist X, written by her widow, C.M. Lucca, as a response to an unauthorized and apparently inaccurate biography of her wife written after her death. The novel takes place in an alternate timeline in which the Southern states of the United States seceded in 1945 after building a wall segregating them from the rest of the country.
Lacey initially wanted to write a biography of a living person, but was encouraged not to do so by one of her teachers. Lacey ceased working on the biography, and instead decided to work on a fictional biography. The book includes fictional citations and end notes; Lacey, for the most part, devised these as she wrote the novel rather than after she was finished. To track "timelines and characters" as she wrote the book, Lacey utilized a "disorganized document". Copy editors at Farrar, Straus and Giroux assisted Lacey as she produced the novel.
To write the novel, Lacey read a number of biographies and read interviews with artists from different disciplines.
According to literary review aggregator Book Marks, the novel received reviews the site characterized as "Rave" and "Positive". It received starred reviews from Kirkus Reviews, Library Journal, and Publishers Weekly.
Dwight Garner, in a positive review in The New York Times, compared Lacey's writing to that of Renata Adler and Janet Malcolm. Sam Sacks praised the "audacity" of Biography of X in a review published by The Wall Street Journal. Sacks further wrote that the novel was "likely" to give Lacey "a much wider audience" and wrote that she "deserved" a broader base of readers. In a review published by The Los Angeles Times, Jessica Ferri praised Lacey as "one of the most fearless novelists writing today".
Audrey Wollen, writing for The New Yorker, referred to the novel as "[acting] more as a blender than a quilt-maker" in reference to Lacey's inclusion of real-life figures and quotes, re-contextualized in the novel's alternate history.
Publishers Weekly included Biography of X in their list of the top ten books of 2023. The novel won the 2023 Brooklyn Public Library Book Prize for fiction.
In March 2024, The Atlantic included Biography of X in its list of "Great American Novels" that have been published in the past century. In the same month, Biography of X was nominated for the 2024 Lambda Literary Award for Lesbian Fiction which it later won.
Brazilian Bombshell: The Biography of Carmen Miranda

Brazilian Bombshell: The Biography of Carmen Miranda is a 1989 biographical book written by Martha Gil-Montero. It was published by Penguin Publishing and released in the United States on March 25, 1989.
Here for the first time is the life and career of the woman who more than lived up to her moniker—The Brazilian Bombshell. The adored Ambassadress of Samba to the United States and the world, her daring style would influence a generation of North and South American women and is alive and well today in the styles of Liza Minnelli, Bette Midler, Cher, Madonna and Cyndi Lauper.
The Washington Post said "Brazilian Bombshell is exactly the kind of biography that Carmen Miranda deserves: affectionate and generous, but honest and realistic".
Why This World

Why This World: A Biography of Clarice Lispector is a book by Benjamin Moser published by Oxford University Press in 2009. Benjamin Moser details the majority of Clarice Lispector's life and then discusses the connections between her life and her work.
Moser discusses how Clarice Lispector's work reflects her life, from her birth in Ukraine to her literary success in Brazil. He does this by citing her own texts, letters, other scholarly work and what few interviews there are of her. Moser goes into great detail on the connections that can be made between Lispector's writing and her life. Moser uses letters written to and from Lispector, Lispector's own sisters, Elisa Lispector's autobiography, interviews with Lispector and Lispector's own writings.
Critical reception for Why This World was largely positive. Common praise for the book centered around Moser addressing many of Lispector's texts that were untranslated or not as widely read outside of Brazil, which one reviewer for Shofar stated brought more of her work to a wider audience. Reviewing the book for the Luso-Brazilian Review, Earl E. Fitz remarked on the book's handling of Lispector's texts that were lesser known outside of Brazil, criticizing it on how the texts were interpreted.
Why This World was a 2009 National Book Critics Circle Award Biography finalist.
Interview (journalism)

A journalistic interview takes the form of a conversation between two or more people: interviewer(s) ask questions to elicit facts or statements from interviewee(s). Interviews are a standard part of journalism and media reporting. In journalism, interviews are one of the most important methods used to collect information, and present views to readers, listeners, or viewers.
Although the question-and-answer interview in journalism dates back to the 1850s, the first known interview that fits the matrix of interview-as-genre has been claimed to be the 1756 interview by Archbishop Timothy Gabashvili (1704–1764), prominent Georgian religious figure, diplomat, writer and traveler, who was interviewing Eugenios Voulgaris (1716–1806), renowned Greek theologian, Rector of Orthodox School of Mount Athos.
Several publications give prominence to interviews, including:
One-way interview

One-way interview, also known as asynchronous interview, pre recorded interview, virtual interview or digital interview, enables prospective employers to conduct online video interviews in an automated fashion. The interviews are conducted via websites or internet-enabled devices which use digital interviewing applications.
One-way interviewing is becoming a standard method for first round of screening. It utilizes software to equip hiring personnel to interview candidates who are short of time and could not do a traditional face-to-face interview because of large number of applications, or candidates that align with a prospective position that may be a full or part-time remote work opportunity.
Interview candidates that are used to traditional face-to-face interviews may find one-way interviewing unusual due to the lack of verbal and non-verbal feedback during the one-way interview process.
The interviewer creates questions in text or audio format, records their interview questions, or prepares sample scenarios/coding challenges for the online interview. The interviewer invites candidates for the online interview via email. The candidate opens the link to the online interview in a web browser or mobile application and then records their responses. The candidate reads and then answers each question using a webcam, mobile phone camera or other device that gathers audio and video. The interviewers reviews the answers and grades candidates. The interviewers can also share the responses with hiring managers and other team members for a more comprehensive evaluation. Finally, the interviewer invites the selected candidates for the face-to-face interview.
Traditional interviews continue to be the top choice of many individuals, but many employers are moving to video interview platforms. As the prevalence of remote work positions, technology, and telecommuting continue to increase/improve, virtual interviews are becoming a more acceptable method for identifying ideal hires.
Candidates have criticized one-way interviews as being impersonal and lacking the value of a two-way conversation. Some also claim one-way interviews can be used to illegally discriminate against candidates. Privacy concerns are also prevalent, with one-way interview software providers advertising AI analysis.
Shop Talk

Shop Talk: A Writer and His Colleagues and Their Work is a collection of previously published interviews with important 20th-century writers by novelist Philip Roth. Among the writers interviewed are Primo Levi, Aharon Appelfeld, Ivan Klima, Isaac Bashevis Singer, Milan Kundera, and Edna O'Brien. In addition, the book contains a discussion with Mary McCarthy about Roth's novel The Counterlife and a New Yorker essay on Saul Bellow. Roth's trip to Israel to interview Appelfeld inspired his novel Operation Shylock.
Kissinger: A Biography

Kissinger: A Biography is a non-fiction book authored by American historian and journalist Walter Isaacson. Published by Simon & Schuster in 1992, the biographical analysis of prominent public official Henry Kissinger has received positive reviews from publications such as Foreign Affairs and The New York Times.
The author had previously served as a journalist with Time and become one of that magazine's editors as well as co-written, with Evan Thomas, the Cold War chronicle The Wise Men.
Isaacson started out writing the book with considerable personal access not only to Kissinger himself but to multiple associates of the public figure. The author additionally used a wide variety of political documents from Kissinger's many years of public service. Despite this close association, Isaacson insisted on maintaining his independence over the final work. One reviewer later noted that the book constituted the first "full-scale biography of the former secretary of state that examines not only his public life and policy but his origins and his activities since leaving office."
In broad terms, the author states that Kissinger's promotion of particular foreign policies, including aggressive regime change efforts in different nations, contributed to a general victory for the Western bloc during the Cold War. However, Isaacson finds that Kissinger significantly moved away from previously held ethical ideals and severely compromised America's world standing as well, with said foreign efforts undermining the cause of democratic government and human rights. The author views Kissinger as having achieved the American dream and amassed considerable power at the expense of not just intellectual honesty but general personal character.
Historian and journalist Theodore Draper of The New York Times wrote that for Kissinger "aficionados" the book "makes [for] compulsive reading" and that "for students of his years of influence on United States foreign policy" the book becomes "compulsory". Remarking upon Kissinger's willingness to assist Isaacson with research as well as the official's lack of insistence on controlling the final product, Draper commented, "Cooperating with Mr. Isaacson may come to seem one of his greatest miscalculations." Writing for Foreign Affairs, journalist and public official William G. Hyland praised the book as well. Hyland stated that Isaacson possessed a style "with an engaging flair" while still having achieved "a balanced objectivity".
Reporter Peter Jennings of ABC News commented that the book "[c]onfirms Kissinger's place as one of the great international players" yet "takes him down a peg as well". Jennings additionally stated that it "makes for compulsive reading."
Anaida Poilievre

Anaida Poilievre (née Galindo; born March 5, 1987) is a Canadian political staffer and wife of Conservative Party of Canada leader Pierre Poilievre.
Anaida Galindo was born on March 5, 1987, in Caracas, Venezuela. Her father was a bank manager. In 1995, when she was eight years old, her family moved to Pointe-aux-Trembles, a borough in east Montreal, Quebec, where her father worked collecting fruits and vegetables at a farm.
She studied communications at the University of Ottawa.
After working in retail and customer service roles, in 2008, at 20 years of age, Poilievre was employed as a parliamentary affairs advisor at the Senate of Canada before taking a job in the House of Commons of Canada. In 2013, she began working for then Leader of the Senate Claude Carignan as a parliamentary affairs advisor.
Poilievre is a co-founder of Pretty and Smart Co online lifestyle magazine. Early in the COVID-19 pandemic she supported restrictions, but later became critical of public health measures in Canada.
In March 2023, conspiracy theorist Chris Sky falsely claimed on Twitter that Poilievre was CEO of Switch Health, a company that won contracts from the Government of Canada to undertake COVID-19 testing. Sky based his statements on output from ChatGPT artificial intelligence software.
In 2024, Poilievre launched "Their Stories Matter", a social media initiative to bring awareness to human trafficking. She also launched another initiative, "Lead Her Forward" with Vanessa Mulroney the same year.
Anaida Poilievre married Pierre Poilievre in 2017 in Sintra, Portugal. She is an active part of Pierre's political life, attending events with him and featuring in a Conservative Party promotional campaign in August 2023.
Poilievre and her husband have two children. The family owns a rental property in Orleans, Ottawa, which she bought in 2012 and took a mortgage on in 2020. Pierre Poilievre defended the investment as “helping solve the problem by providing affordable rental accommodations to two deserving families”. He also said his wife used the equity in her property to “maximize the best interests of her financial position.”
Poilievre speaks her native language, Spanish, as well as French and English.
In September 2022, Jeremy MacKenzie, the far-right leader of the Diagolon online community, spoke about raping Anaida Poilievre. Pierre Poilievre referred the comments to the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP). Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said: "No one should ever be subject to threats of violence or the kind of hatred we’ve seen increasingly ... It's important that we all stand up and condemn that." The RCMP said it was reviewing the report.
Aditya Rawal

Aditya Rawal (born 28 September 1993) is an Indian actor and writer who works in Hindi films. Born to actors Paresh Rawal and Swaroop Sampat, he started his career as a writer. Rawal made his film debut with Bamfaad (2020) and has since starred in Faraaz (2022), which earned him the Filmfare Award for Best Male Debut.
Rawal was born in Bombay (now Mumbai) to actors Paresh Rawal and Swaroop Sampat. While his father is a recipient of a National Film Award, his mother is the winner of Miss India 1979. Rawal has a brother named Anirudh.
Rawal completed his graduation from Mumbai University, where he was the captain of the football team and has also went to the national camp. He pursued dramatic writing programme at the Tisch School of the Arts, New York. Rawal did an initiation course in theatre and performance at the London International School of Performing Arts.
Rawal started his career as a child artist in Ferrari Ki Sawaari. He then assisted on his father's film OMG – Oh My God!, both in 2012. Rawal then worked as a writer and wrote for Ashutosh Gowariker's Panipat in 2019 and for his father's film Dear Father in 2022. He also wrote and acted in the 2017 short film "The Mailbox".
Rawal made his acting debut with the 2020 film Bamfaad. He portrayed a Muslim teenager opposite Shalini Pandey. Shubhra Gupta noted, "Aditya Rawal delivers a restrained, convincing performance." While, Anna MM Vetticad stated, "In Bamfaad Rawal reveals himself to be a natural actor with solid potential. His physique is also a pleasant change from the steady stream of star sons."
Rawal next made his web debut with Aar Ya Paar in 2022, portraying a tribal archer. Saibal Chatterjee wrote, "Aditya Rawal is called upon to carry the weight of the story on his shoulders. He does his best, but the screenplay does not give an opportunity to breathe some life into the character and the plot." Rawal portrayed a college student turned terrorist in the 2022 film Faraaz alongside Zahan Kapoor. Monika Rawal Kukreja of Hindustan Times noted, "Aditya Rawal's brutal portrayal as the brainwashed youth leaves you in awe. He delivers an impressive act. His character is far more layered than anyone else in the film."
In 2023, Rawal portrayed Chota Babban, a character based on Chhota Rajan in the web series, Bambai Meri Jaan. Zinia Bandyopadhyay of India Today termed him a "Surprise package", and added that his character may grow in the sequel
Gordon Bowker

Gordon Bowker is an American entrepreneur who began his career as a writer and later co-founded Starbucks with Jerry Baldwin and Zev Siegl. He was later a co-owner of Peet's Coffee & Tea and Redhook Ale Brewery.
Following his father's death in World War II, Bowker was raised by his mother, Hazel Ringseth Bowker (1915-1991), in Ballard and Burien, Washington. His grandparents were Norwegian immigrants who took part in the Alaskan Gold Rush. He graduated from O'Dea High School in Seattle. From 1960 to 1965, Bowker attended the University of San Francisco, where he was roommates with Baldwin. Bowker dropped out eight credits away from graduation.
In 1968, Bowker wrote educational film scripts for a division of King Broadcasting while making freelance contributions for Seattle magazine. He met Terry Heckler there, and the pair formed the advertising agency Heckler Bowker. Bowker met David Brewster at the magazine, years later funding the launch of Brewster's Seattle Weekly and writing restaurant and hospitality reviews under the pen name Lars Henry Ringseth.
In 1971, Bowker, Baldwin and Siegl opened the first Starbucks near Pike Place Market. In 1984, Starbucks acquired Peet's Coffee & Tea. In 1987, Bowker and Baldwin sold Starbucks to Howard Schultz and a group of investors. Bowker then left the coffee business, but was later on Peet's board of directors from 1994 to 2008.
Altair

S’é Altair (α Aquilae, α Aql) an réalta is gile sa réaltbhuíon Aquila agus an dara réalta déag is gile i spéir na hoíche. Tá sé sa néall–G i láthair na huaire. Is réalta Cineál A den phríomhord é Altair a bhfuil ollméid radharcach fhollasach de 0.77 aige agus é ina cheann de trí rinn an Triantáin Samhraidh. Is iad an bheirt rinn eile ná Deneb agus Vega. Tá sé faoi 16.7 solasbhlianta (5.13 parsoic) ón Domhain agus is ceann de na réaltaí is goire dúinn atá infheicthe don súil nocht. Rothlaíonn Altair go tapaidh, le luas ag an mheánchiorcal de tuairim is 286 clm/s. Nochtaigh staidéar leis an Palomar Triail-leaba Trasnamhéadar nach bhfuil Altair sféarúil ach go bhfuil sé maol treascartha ag na mólanna de bharr a ard ráta imrothlaithe. Dhearbhaigh staidéir trasnamhéadaracha eile le teileascóip iolracha ag oibriú san fhodhearg an feiniméan seo.
Réaltbhuíon Aquila
Ceartéirí 19u 50n 46.99855s
Díochlaonadh +08° 52′ 05.9563″
Méid Fhollasach 0.76
Céim éabhlóideach Príomh ord
Cineál speictreach A7 V
U−B Innéacs daith +0.09[2]
B−V Innéacs daith +0.22[2]
V−R Innéacs daith +0.14[2]
R−I Innéacs daith +0.13[2]
Cineál athróige Delta Scuti
Luas gathach −26.1 ± 0.9[3] clm/s
Saobhdhiallas 194.95 ± 0.57
cianfhad 16.73 ± 0.05 (5.13 ± 0.01
Dearbhmhéid 2.22
Mais 1.79 ± 0.018 M☉
Ga 1.63 to 2.03 R☉
Lonrachas 10.6 L☉
Imtharraingt dhromchlach (log g) 4.29 cgs
Teocht 6,900 to 8,500 K
Cóimheas miotalach [Fe/H] −0.2 dex
Rothlú 8.9 hours[6]
Luas rothlaithe (v sin i) 240[5] clm/s
Aois 630[4] Msbh
Ainmneacha eile
Atair, α Aquilae, α Aql, Alpha Aquilae, Alpha Aql, 53 Aquilae, 53 Aql, BD+08°4236, FK5 745, GCTP 4665.00, GJ 768, HD 187642, HIP 97649, HR 7557, LFT 1499, LHS 3490, LTT 15795, NLTT 48314, SAO 125122, WDS 19508+0852A.[3][8][9]
Tagairtí stórsonracha SIMBAD sonra
Arcturus

Is Arcturus (α Boo, α Boötis, Alpha Boötis) sa réaltbhuíon Boötes an réalta is gile sa leathsféar thuaidh spéartha. Le mhéid radharcach de −0.05, s’é an ceathrú réalta is gile i spéir na hoíche ag leanúint Sirius de mhéid -1.46, Canopus de mhéid -0.86 agus Alpha Centauri de mhéid -0.27. Tá sé ina réalta i ngar go maith mar níl sé ach ar chianfhad de 36.7 solasbhliain ón Dhomhain agus mar aon le Vega agus Sirius is cheann de na réaltaí is lonraí i gcomharsanacht na Gréine é.
Tá Arcturus ina réalta oráisteach de chineál K0 III le dearbhmhéid de -0.30. Is dócha go bhfuil a hidrigin cáite óna chorplár agus go bhfuil sé anois ina réim loscaidh slige hidrigine. Leanfaidh sé ag méadú roimh dul isteach sa réim craobh cothrománach dá thimthriall beatha.
Tá Arcturus i réaltbhuíon Boötes.
Réaltbhuíon Boötes
Fuaimneadh /ɑːrkˈtjʊərəs/
Ceartéirí 14u 15n 39.7s
Díochlaonadh +19° 10′ 56″
Méid fhollasach (breathnaithe) −0.05
Cineál speictreach K0 III
Méid fhollasach (radharcach) −2.25
U−B innéacs dathach +1.28
B−V innéacs dathach +1.23
R−I innéacs dathach +0.65
Nóta (catagóir: athrógach): H and K astaíocht
Luas gathach (Rv) −5.19 km/s
Gluaiseacht ceart (μ) RA: −1093.45 mais/yr
Dec.: −1999.40[5] mais/bhl
Saobhdhiallas (π) 88.83 ± 0.54[1] mais
Cianfhad 36.7 ± 0.2 sbh ,, (11.26 ± 0.07 pc)
Dearbhmhéid (MV) −0.30±0.02
Mais 1.08±0.06 M☉
Ga 25.4±0.2 R☉
Lonrachas 170 L☉
Imtharraingt dromchlach (log g) 1.66±0.05 cgs
Teocht 4286±30 K
Cóimheas miotalach [Fe/H] −0.52±0.04 dex
Luas rothlaithe (v sin i) 2.4±1.0 km/s
Aois 7.1+1.5 | −1.2 Gbhl
Alramech, Abramech, α Boötis, 16 Boötes, BD+19°2777, GCTP 3242.00, GJ 541, HD 124897, HIP 69673, HR 5340, LHS 48, SAO 100944.
Tagairtí storshonracha SIMBAD sonra
Canopus

Is é Canopus an réalta is gile sa réaltbhuíon theas Carina agus an dara réalta is gile i spéir na hoíche ag teacht tar éis Sirius. Tá méid radharcach de -0.74 aige agus dearbhmhéid de -5.65. Tá Canopus ina shárfhathach de chineál speictreach – F sa phríomhshraith. Samhlaítear é a bheith bán leis an tsúil nocht in ainneoin go dtugtar “bán bhuí” mar dhath dá leithéid sin réaltaí. Tá sé suite i bhfad sa leathsféar theas ar dhíochlaonadh -52'c' 42’ agus ar cheartéirí 06u 24.0n.
Suhayl, Suhel, Suhail, Alpha Carinae.
Sirius

Sirius nó Sotis nó Réalt an Mhadaidh: an réalt is gile ar an spéir, agus í suite i réaltbhuíon an Mhadaidh Mhóir. Tá Sirius cóngarach go maith dúinn - ocht solasbhliain go leith - agus siúd is go bhfuil sí níos gile agus níos mó ná an Ghrian, ní fathachréalta í ar aon nós. Gnáthréalt de chuid an phríomhsheichimh atá inti, go bunúsach. Mar sin féin, tá rún nó dúthomhas ag baint le Sirius: tá cuid mhaith foinsí stairiúla ó réalteolaithe na seanBhabalóine go dtí na Meánaoiseanna ar aon fhocal gur réalt dhearg a bhí i Sirius lena lá féin. Ní réalt dhearg atá i Sirius mar is aithin dúinn inniu í, ach réalt bhán. Fuarthas amach ins an naoú haois déag go bhfuil leathbhádóir ag Sirius - an abhacréalt bhán ar a dtugtar Sirius B inniu. Ós abhacréalt bhán atá inti, is seanréalt í a bhí ina fathachréalta dhearg roimhe seo, agus nuair a bhí, is follasach go raibh sí in ann léaró bán Sirius (nó Sirius A) a bháthadh lena loinnir dhearg. Ní féidir linn an t-athrú tobann ó réalt dhearg go réalt bhán a mhíniú mar sin féin, nó ní bhíonn na fathachréaltaí dearga ag caochló go habhacréaltaí bána taobh istigh de mhíle bliain - bíonn na hathruithe ins an spéir ag teacht i gcrann i bhfad níos moille ná sin.
Cabáiste

Planda débhliantúil glas nó corcora-duilleach is ea cabáiste(a chuimsíonn grúpaí éagsúla saothróga de Bhrassica oleracea), a fhástar mar bharr ghlasraí bliantúil i gcomhair a gceann dlúthduilleach. Tá dlúthbhaint aige le glasraí croisiféaracha eile, cosúil le brocailí, cóilis, agus bachlóga Bruiséile, síolraíonn sé ó B. oleracea var. oleracea, cabáiste fiáin machaire. Cuimsíonn cinn cabáistí raon ó 0.5 go dtí 4.0 cileagram, agus is féidir iad a bheith glas, corcra nó bán agus bíonn cabáiste Savoy mín-dhilleach dearg agus crap-dhilleach dearg nó glas ar na cinn is neamhchoitianta. Is glasra ilscaireach é. Faoi choinníollacha ina mbíonn laethanta fada sholas na gréine ann, mar shampla sna hard-domhanleithid thuaidh i rith an tsamhraidh, is féidir le cabáiste fás i bhfad níos mó.
Picteilín

Is é picteilín an t-aonad is lú in íomhá digiteach. Tá dromchla scáileáin ríomhaire clúdaithe le grúpaí de thrí phonc bídeacha dearg, glas agus gorm atá déanta as fosfar. Is ionann grúpa amháin den trí phonc agus picteilín amháin. Lonraítear leictreoinléas ó chúl an mhonatóra go dromhchla an scáileáin le trí ghunna leictreoin. Braitheann dath an phicteilín a fheictear ar láidreacht an trí ghunna ar an dearg, glas agus an gorm.
Dath

Baineann an dath a airíonn an tsúil leis an meascán de thonnfhaid solais a thagann isteach sa tsúil. Is féidir aon dath a chumadh as meascán éigin de na 3 phríomhdhath: gorm, glas is dearg.
Tagann dathanna chun cinn ar dhá shlí: nuair a tharchuireann foinse éigin solas infheicthe, agus nuair a shoilsítear réad éigin a bhfuil lí air. De ghnáth bíonn raon tonnfhad sa solas a thagann ó fhoinse ar bith. Spreagann na tonnfhaid sin na néarchinn chuí sa reitine, suimíonn an inchinn na comharthaí néarógacha, agus airítear an meascán mar dhath amháin. Tugtar meascán dathanna trí shuimiú ar an tslí seo.
Chun an suimiú a chur i gcrích go coitianta, roghnaítear 3 dhath —gorm, glas is dearg — agus tugtar dathanna príomhúla orthu. Aon dath eile, is dath tánaisteach é agus is féidir é a chruthú le meascadh éigin de na dathanna príomhúla. Is áisiúil tríantán suimithe na ndathanna chun toradh na meascán éagsúil a réamhinsint. I meascán ar bith mar seo, ní mór an méid de gach dath a stiúradh chun toradh cruinn a aimsiú.
Mar sin, nuair a shuimítear 50% de dhearg agus 50% de ghlas, tagann dath buí as. Nuair a mheasctar an sáithiú céanna de ghorm agus glas, dath cian a thagann as. Nuair a shuimítear gorm agus dearg, is maigeanta a thagann as. Nuair a mheasctar an sáithiú céanna de dhearg, glas is gorm, dath bán a bhíonn mar thoradh air. Is léir ón tríantán gurb ionann an meascán seo is gorm le buí, nó glas le maigeanta nó dearg le cian.
Aon dá dhath a shuimítear le chéile chun an dath bán a chruthú, tugtar dathanna comhlántacha orthu. Nuair a bhíonn lí ar dhromchla is a thiteann solas air, ionsúnn an lí raon éigin tonnfhad agus frithchaitheann sí na tonnfhaid eile. Is iad na tonnfhaid fhrithchaite a bhraitheann na súile. Dealaíonn an lí dathanna áirithe ón mbunsolas, agus ní fheiceann na súile ach na dathanna a bhíonn fágtha.
Is ar an mbealach céanna a fheidhmíonn scagaire datha: dealaíonn sé dathanna áirithe agus fagann dathanna eile chun iad a thaispeáint do na súile. Más bán an solas a théann isteach i scagaire do dhath príomhúil amháin, dealaíonn an scagaire an dath comhlántach agus fágann an dath príomhúil ar leith sa léas solais. Má chuirtear dhá scagaire i ndiaidh a chéile sa léas solais bháin, ní fhágtar sa léas ina dhiaidh ach an dath a bhíonn comhlántach le dhá dhath na scagairí. Má mheasctar dhá phéint, ceann dearg is ceann gorm, dealaítear níos mó dathanna ón mbán ná mar a dhéanann ceachtar acu ina aonar. Is é an dath a fheictear ná dath corcra. Léirítear an feidhmiú seo le tríantán dealaithe na ndathanna. Nuair a mheasctar lí dhearg agus lí bhuí, is dath flannbhuí an toradh. Nuair a mheasctar gorm agus buí, dath glas a thagann as, agus nuair a mheasctar dearg, buí is gorm, faightear dubh. Tugtar meascán dealaithe na ndathanna ar an bpróiseas seo.
Bán

Is dath é bán. Nuair a chuirtear na dathanna go léir sa speictream infheicthe le chéile, feictear an dath bán. Dath neamthchrómatach atá ann, mar níl fordhath ar bith aige. Is féidir solas bán a fheiceáil má chuirtear dearg, glas agus gorm le chéile.
Speictream

An raon tonnfhad a tháirgtear nuair a anailísítear aon radaíocht leictreamaighnéadach. Mar shampla, nuair a théann solas na Gréine trí phriosma gloine, faightear banda dathanna — dearg, flannbhuí, buí, glas, gorm, vialait — ag teacht amach ón taobh eile. Tá na tonnfhaid is mó agus na minicíochtaí is lú ag an dearg, na tonnfhaid is lú agus na minicíochtaí is mó ag an vialait. Newton a chonaic den chéad uair speictream sholas na Gréine a léiríonn an priosma. Inniu anailísítear raon iomlán an fhuinnimh leictreamaighnéadaigh, agus ní amháin an raon teoranta infheicthe, le hionstraimí éagsúla, brathadóirí teasa, grianghrafadóireacht, speictreascóip is a lán eile.